{ "meta": { "schema_version": "3.5.0", "catalog_revision": "f7b8598e73dd9403e8305bc080cb4e105afdb205", "catalog_version": "3.5.0+f7b8598e73dd", "authoritative": false, "status": "experimental/hand-authored", "data_source": "curated synthesis of published sources", "note_status": "NOT an Oqaasileriffik project. Hand-authored and unreviewed. Lexemes must be validated against Oqaasileriffik dictionaries before authoritative use.", "generated_at": "2026-11-05T15:16:31.847615+00:00", "license": "CC-BY-SA 4.0", "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/", "attribution": "Curated synthesis of AITWG (Stian Lybech), AITWG-Affixes (Stian Lybech), Nielsen 2012, Bjornum 2012, Fortescue 1984, and MOFO (by permission, non-commercial), with lexemes validated against Oqaasileriffik dictionaries. CC-BY-SA 4.0 (MOFO-cited entries carry an additional non-commercial condition — see MOFO: entries).", "entry_count": 3640, "provenance_counts": { "1951-kal": 1, "AITWG": 2006, "AITWG-Affixes": 466, "Bittner1994": 2, "Bjornum2012": 882, "Bugge1960": 7, "Bøjningseksempel 100": 1, "Bøjningseksempel 106": 1, "COR1": 920, "COREXT": 14, "DAKA-2018-eng-kal-dan": 2, "FolketingetsOmbudsmand2011": 1, "Fortescue1984": 34, "Kalaallisut speaker Danish for Misiliineq inuttaalu": 1, "Kalaallisut speaker Danish for Misiliineq uninngasoqarpallaarnera (Jan 2026-09-26)": 1, "Katersat": 754, "Kleinschmidt1871": 545, "Lybech2020": 4, "MOFO": 423, "Misiliineq Qujanaq illinnguarlu (reciprocal thanks; Jan 2026-09-28) — prefer illit+N_nnguaq_N+ENCL_lu, not illeq": 1, "Misiliineq empty reading Haluukkut (group greeting; Jan 2026-09-25) — not a personal name": 1, "Misiliineq inuttaalu (composition; Jan 2026-09-25)": 1, "Nielsen2012": 1022, "Nielsen2021": 11, "Nielsen2025": 1, "Oqaasersiorfik2008": 3, "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts": 2408, "Oqaatsit1997": 2541, "Ordbogeeraq": 1, "Ordbogen2003": 62, "Ordbogi1977": 37, "Petersen1951": 32, "Petersen1967": 89, "Rasmussen1893": 34, "STO": 15, "Sadock1980": 2, "SchultzLorentzen1926": 446, "SchultzLorentzen1927": 554, "StatisticsGreenland2011": 18, "WordList2018": 258, "issue #746 personal-name inventory pattern (girl's/woman's given name; native; Misiliineq empty reading, Jan 2026-09-25)": 1, "issue #746 stress sentence (girl's given name / personal-name inventory pattern; Jan 2026-09-20)": 1 }, "provenance_entry_counts": { "1951-kal": 1, "AITWG": 909, "AITWG-Affixes": 434, "Bittner1994": 2, "Bjornum2012": 727, "Bugge1960": 4, "Bøjningseksempel 100": 1, "Bøjningseksempel 106": 1, "COR1": 854, "COREXT": 14, "DAKA-2018-eng-kal-dan": 2, "FolketingetsOmbudsmand2011": 1, "Fortescue1984": 34, "Kalaallisut speaker Danish for Misiliineq inuttaalu": 1, "Kalaallisut speaker Danish for Misiliineq uninngasoqarpallaarnera (Jan 2026-09-26)": 1, "Katersat": 734, "Kleinschmidt1871": 518, "Lybech2020": 4, "MOFO": 417, "Misiliineq Qujanaq illinnguarlu (reciprocal thanks; Jan 2026-09-28) — prefer illit+N_nnguaq_N+ENCL_lu, not illeq": 1, "Misiliineq empty reading Haluukkut (group greeting; Jan 2026-09-25) — not a personal name": 1, "Misiliineq inuttaalu (composition; Jan 2026-09-25)": 1, "Nielsen2012": 843, "Nielsen2021": 11, "Nielsen2025": 1, "Oqaasersiorfik2008": 3, "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts": 2302, "Oqaatsit1997": 2422, "Ordbogeeraq": 1, "Ordbogen2003": 41, "Ordbogi1977": 36, "Petersen1951": 32, "Petersen1967": 88, "Rasmussen1893": 33, "STO": 7, "Sadock1980": 2, "SchultzLorentzen1926": 384, "SchultzLorentzen1927": 548, "StatisticsGreenland2011": 7, "WordList2018": 250, "issue #746 personal-name inventory pattern (girl's/woman's given name; native; Misiliineq empty reading, Jan 2026-09-25)": 1, "issue #746 stress sentence (girl's given name / personal-name inventory pattern; Jan 2026-09-20)": 1 }, "note": "by_id maps each morpheme ID to a list of records. Unique IDs have one record; grandfathered duplicate IDs retain all records.", "representation": "by_id", "source": "kalaallisut_data/", "duplicate_ids": [ "V_gallaq_Vb", "V_galuaq_Vb", "V_innaq_Vb", "V_nekuu_Vb", "V_ngaaq_Vb", "V_qqaaq_Vb", "V_qqu_Vb", "V_riaq_Vb", "V_sima_Vb", "V_vallaaq_Vb", "V_vik_Vb" ], "duplicate_id_count": 11, "ordering": "Each by_id[] list is in flat's stable load order (kalaallisut_data/ YAML files in sorted-path order, entries in file order). Not alphabetical, not by category. Two pipeline runs on the same source data produce byte-identical lists in the same order." }, "by_id": { "N_miu_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "inhabitant of N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "assimilative", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-miu", "notes": [ "JOIN_ASSIMILATIVE on this affix has two place-of-articulation halves (general sandhi, not an N_miu one-shot; consumers should implement both in sandhi-core for any assimilative m-initial continuer): (1) velar-final host /k/+/m/ -> [mm] — Nuuk + -miu -> Nuummiu- (Nielsen2012:§2.5.1 Nuuk{miuq}->Nuummioq; AITWG:§3.9 / Definition 3.9 Nuuk{mut}->Nuummut); MOFO:miuq qilak + -mioq -> qilammioq (same velar half on this repo's qilak stem). (2) uvular-final host /q/+/m/ -> [rm] — Qilakitsoq + -miu -> qilakitsormiu (live surface; host is katersat lex_26365 / FST qilak+KIP+TUQ, i.e. any derived …soq noun before -miu). Do NOT collapse uvular hosts into the velar [mm] half (*qilakitsommiu).", "The absolutive PLURAL surface form -miut (as in Sisimiut, Paamiut, Nuummiut) is this affix (-miu) plus the separate plural ending -t, not one atomic morpheme. Do not treat '-miut' as a single ending when analyzing or building these town names.", "MOFO also documents a variant citation form -mioq/-miuq ('the variant form N{miuq}N is preferred nowadays'), analyzed there as a weak q-stem with its own declension pattern distinct from this vowel-stem '-miu' entry. Sibling N_miuq_N (nominal_extenders.yaml) carries the -mioq citation; the same assimilative two-half rule applies to its m-initial onset." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "inhabitant of ___", "da": "indbygger af ___", "en_short": "inhabitant of ___", "da_short": "indbygger af ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch): Nielsen §5.5.2.2 lists '+mioq/+miu' as one headword ('Nuummioq, person fra Nuuk') and independently confirms MOFO's own note that -mioq is 'preferred nowadays' -- Nielsen's own citation form there is -mioq, not -miu. §2.5.1 goes further and gives the exact assimilation this entry's own notes describe, on the SAME stem this entry's own pedagogy uses: 'Nuuk{miuq} -> Nuummioq' (Nuuk-beboer, 'Nuuk-inhabitant'), directly attesting the /k/+/m/->[mm] gemination this entry's Nuummiut example shows, independent of this entry's own MOFO citation. Bjørnum (K9§6, s.v. +mioq) confirms the same -mioq citation form and 'beboer' ('inhabitant') gloss.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuummiut", "natural": "Nuuk-inhabitants (from Nuuk + -miu + plural -t; velar assimilative half; MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" }, { "surface": "qilammioq", "natural": "inhabitant of Heaven (MOFO:miuq; qilak + -mioq — velar assimilative half)" }, { "surface": "qilakitsormiu", "natural": "inhabitant of Qilakitsoq (Qilakitsoq + -miu — uvular assimilative half; q+m -> rm)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:miu", "MOFO:miuq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "AITWG:§3.9", "Katersat:lex_26365", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +mioq (pp.228–274)" ], "id": "N_miu_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_valuk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "sound of N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-paluk", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{(q)valuk}N, one of four variants sharing the same root (V{(q)valuk}V, V{(q)valuk}N, N{(q)valuk}V, N{(q)valuk}N — this entry is the last of those, the noun-to-noun one) — cited as MOFO:nn/valuk below to disambiguate from the others, none of which are modeled here.", "MOFO's cited examples show an epenthetic /r/ after a (truncated) vowel-final host (imeq, 'water' -> imerpaluk) and consonant gemination after a consonant-final one (sialuk, 'rain' -> sialuppaluk) — the same general additive-boundary pattern already documented elsewhere in this repo (e.g. N_miu_N's own /k/+/m/->[mm] case), not modeled as a separate schema value here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sound of ___", "da": "lyden af ___", "en_short": "sound of ___", "da_short": "lyden af ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen §5.5.2.2 lists '+(r)paluk 2' with the identical gloss ('lyd af N', 'sound of N') and its own worked example, imaq ('sea') -> imarpaluk ('the sound of the sea') — a different base noun from any of MOFO's own cited examples, so recorded as its own corroborating example below rather than merged with MOFO's. Nielsen's entry also flags a homophonous but DIFFERENT V->N variant, '+(r)paluk 1' ('lyd af vb-ning', 'sound of Vb-ing', e.g. qiavoq 'he cries' -> qiarpaluk 'the sound of crying') — not this entry, not modeled here.", "examples": [ { "surface": "imerpaluk", "natural": "the sound of water (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from imeq, 'water')" }, { "surface": "sianerpaluk", "natural": "the sound of bells ringing (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from sianeq, 'bell')" }, { "surface": "sialuppaluk", "natural": "the sound of rain, or 'rainy air' (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from sialuk, 'rain')" }, { "surface": "imarpaluk", "natural": "the sound of the sea (Nielsen2012's own example, independent of MOFO's; from imaq, 'sea')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/valuk", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2" ], "id": "N_valuk_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_lliq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "the N-most; the one farthest in the N-direction (a closed, non-productive set of lexicalized directional comparatives/superlatives -- 'first', 'last', 'uppermost', 'westernmost', etc.)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_lliq_N:863624bb544e", "items": [ { "text": "the N-most", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/lliq", "AITWG:§12.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§4b", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Qulleq, Bøjningseksempel 109", "Kleinschmidt1871:siulleq", "Oqaatsit1997:siulleq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siulleq" ], "rationale": "The cited siulleq rows attest “the first”, but they do not establish the complete morpheme-level meaning as a selectable English translation." }, { "text": "the one farthest in the N-direction", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "explains the preceding gloss phrase", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/lliq", "AITWG:§12.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§4b", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Qulleq, Bøjningseksempel 109", "Kleinschmidt1871:siulleq", "Oqaatsit1997:siulleq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siulleq" ], "rationale": "The existing review explicitly interprets this as a definitional restatement of “the N-most”, not an independent choice." }, { "text": "(a closed, non-productive set of lexicalized directional comparatives/superlatives -- 'first', 'last', 'uppermost', 'westernmost', etc.)", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "qualifies the preceding definition with productivity, lexicalization and examples", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/lliq", "AITWG:§12.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§4b", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Qulleq, Bøjningseksempel 109", "Kleinschmidt1871:siulleq", "Oqaatsit1997:siulleq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siulleq" ], "rationale": "The review identifies the parenthetical as scope/examples; it is not a translation alternative." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lleq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch1 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "DISAMBIGUATION from this repo's existing N_lliq_serve_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml, bracket N{lliq}V, 'S serves N; S is serving out N'): that is a genuinely different, N-to-V affix, documented on MOFO's own separate page mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/lliq.html. This entry is MOFO's N-to-N page instead, mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/(l)liq.html, bracket form N{(l)liq}N -- a homograph in root shape only, not the same morpheme, and not a collision.", "MOFO's own New-orthography citation line lists three surface variants of this affix's ABS.sg citation form: +leq (plain additive, not directly attested in any worked example found), -lleq (geminated /l/, used here as underlying_form -- the more frequent of the two attested shapes across both Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's own worked lexeme lists below), and -rleq (an /r/-epenthesis variant, e.g. Bjornum2012's own akerleq/ilorleq/noorleq/tunorleq). Nielsen2012 independently catalogs the -lleq and -rleq shapes as two separate but explicitly cross-referenced headwords ('+lleq...se også ÷rleq' / '÷rleq...se også +lleq') rather than one merged entry -- combined here under one entry/ID anyway, following this repo's own established practice (e.g. N_giit_N, N_kasik_N, N_nnaq_N) of combining source-cross-referenced sub-forms that share one meaning and one bracket form, rather than splitting them by surface shape alone.", "Non-productive, closed lexicalized set -- independently confirmed by THREE separate sources, not just MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag: (1) MOFO's own page states this affix is 'mostly found in lexicalised combinations with directional stems'; (2) Bjornum2012:K4§4b states outright, of this exact affix ('affikset +(r)leq'), '(ikke længere produktivt)' ('no longer productive'), and separately 'Der er tale om et begrænset antal leksikaliserede gloser, og affikserne er næppe produktive mere' ('this is a limited number of lexicalized glosses, and the affixes are hardly productive anymore'); (3) Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2 restricts both its +lleq and ÷rleq headwords to 'kun om retning' ('only for direction'), i.e. a closed host class rather than a general noun-to-noun derivation. Per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity tail-tier criterion ('non-productive per MOFO's own nonproductive tag'), this places the entry in this file despite the real, independent lexeme-level corroboration recorded below -- productivity, not mere attestability, is what the tier turns on.", "Bjornum2012:K4§4b's own worked lexeme list under this exact affix (heading 'Kap. 4, § 4b: 2. KOMPARATION') independently attests nearly the identical set of lexicalized forms MOFO's own page cites, plus several more MOFO's page does not mention: siulleq ('den første'), kingulleq ('den sidste (i rækken)'), killeq ('det vestligste'), kujalleq ('det sydligste'), qulleq ('den øverste; lampe'), alleq ('den nederste'), angajulleq, avalleq, kangilleq, ungalleq (all -lleq-shaped), plus the -rleq-shaped akerleq, avannarleq, eqqarleq, ilorleq, noorleq, nukarleq, qiterleq, saamerleq, silarleq, talerperleq, tunorleq -- strong, cross-source confirmation of the whole affix and its closed lexeme class, not just a bare gloss match on the two examples MOFO itself gives. This same core lexeme set (alleq, qulleq, killeq, kujalleq, kangilleq) is also cross-referenced, independently of this entry, in this repo's own kalaallisut_data/aitwg_index/ch12.yaml (Definition 12.3's own 'Spatial comparatives' note), which records that AITWG's own grammar text discusses the identical set immediately after its boxed Partitive-comparative Definition. This pass now cites that direct discussion below; it remains a subsection under §12.3 rather than a separately numbered Definition.", "left_sandhi:default (rather than a more specific enum value) follows the same choice already made on this repo's sibling entry N_lliq_serve_Vb for the same MOFO facet pairing ('Default, ə-eliding'). The optional /ə/-elision MOFO's own page separately documents is independently visible in Nielsen2012's own schwa-final directional roots: {qulə}N ('area above') -> qulleq, {atə}N ('area below') -> alleq -- both consistent with the root's own final schwa dropping and this affix's initial /l/ geminating onto the host's preceding consonant. MOFO's own further claim of an 'Irregular' epenthetic-consonant variant (citing sioleq/siorleq and talerperleq alongside a hypothesized but explicitly-not-adopted {qliq} allomorph) is recorded as a documented-but-unconfirmed-elsewhere MOFO-only claim.", "AITWG:§12.3 directly lists alleq, qulleq, killeq, kujalleq, and kangilleq as lexicalized directional extrema formed with N{(l)liq}N, alongside the alternate notation N{(q)liq}N. It says these are no longer productive, describes the output as pseudo-q (q weakens to r before vowel-initial endings but is retained before consonant-initial endings), and explicitly permits the same N{-u}V, N{gə}V, N{(q)paaq}N, and N{caq}N extensions used with V{nəq}N. This corroborates the documented closed lexical set; it does not promote the irregular historical forms to productive sandhi rules.", "right_sandhi:assibilation is taken directly from MOFO's own General facet table for this affix; MOFO's page does not itself show a worked example illustrating the t⇒s alternation for this specific affix, and no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 confirmation of it was found either -- rests on MOFO's own facet claim alone. Flagged with extra caution because of the stem_type discrepancy noted directly below, found on this very same page.", "STEM_TYPE DISCREPANCY, flagged rather than silently resolved: MOFO's own page states 'Regular q-stem' for this affix in BOTH its General table and its Inflection/Declension-pattern table -- but the actual attested declension paradigms for this affix's own words, independently given by BOTH other sources (Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.2.3: 'qulleq...qulliup, qulliit, qullermik' and 'siulleq...siulliup, siulliit, siullermik'; Bjornum2012 K8§2 Bøjningseksempel 109, whose own paradigm heading for qulleq reads '(stærk q-stamme med q-bortfald i grammatiske kasus, udlyd +(r)leq)' -- 'STRONG q-stem with q-deletion in the grammatical cases') -- show /q/ deleting before the vowel-initial grammatical endings (-up/-it) but WEAKENING to /r/ before the consonant-initial oblique endings (qullermik/qullermut/qullermi, not e.g. *qulleqmik). That is exactly this repo's established uvular_weakening_stem/strength:strong pattern (already modeled with the identical declension_class:up on N_mineq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, and on N_cuaq_N, this same file, both independently confirmed strong/up by Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 too) -- not uvular_retaining_stem, which this repo's own N_innaq_N entry uses for AITWG's differently-behaving 'pseudo-q stem' class (q retained, not deleted, in the grammatical cases). morphology_class below therefore follows the two independently-sourced paradigms over MOFO's own summary facet label." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the ___-most; the one farthest in the ___-direction", "en_short": "the ___-most", "da": "den mest ___; den yderste i ___-retningen (lukket gruppe faste ord: 'først', 'sidst', 'øverst', 'vestligst' osv.)", "da_short": "den mest ___", "composition": { "en": "___-most", "da": "mest ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a noun as being 'the most N' or 'farthest in the N-direction' -- almost exclusively on a small, closed set of directional/positional roots (front, back, above, below, east, west, north, south, etc.), giving words like 'first', 'last', 'uppermost', 'westernmost'. Per Bjornum2012's own explicit statement, this is no longer a productive derivational process in the modern language: the words below are inherited, lexicalized formations, not synchronically derivable from an arbitrary noun.", "examples": [ { "surface": "siulleq", "natural": "the first; the foremost (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from siu, 'front'; independently attested with the identical gloss in both Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2 and Bjornum2012:K4§4b, and with the full declension paradigm siulliup/siulliit/siullermik in Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3)" }, { "surface": "kingulleq", "natural": "the last; the one farthest behind (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from kingu-, 'area behind'; independently attested in Bjornum2012:K4§4b, 'den sidste (i rækken)')" }, { "surface": "qulleq", "natural": "the uppermost; the highest (also lexicalized as 'lamp'; from {qulə}N, 'area above' -- illustrates the schwa-eliding left-sandhi variant; independently attested with the identical dual gloss in both Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3/§5.5.3.2 and Bjornum2012:K4§4b/K8§2 Bøjningseksempel 109, both of which also give this word's full declension paradigm qulliup/qulliit/qullermik -- the paradigm underlying the stem_type discrepancy note above)" }, { "surface": "alleq", "natural": "the lowest; the nethermost (from {atə}N, 'area below' -- illustrates the schwa-eliding left-sandhi variant; independently attested in Bjornum2012:K4§4b, 'den nederste')" }, { "surface": "killeq", "natural": "the westernmost (from {kətə}N, 'area west' -- illustrates the schwa-eliding left-sandhi variant; independently attested in Bjornum2012:K4§4b, 'det vestligste')" }, { "surface": "kujalleq", "natural": "the southernmost (from {kujatə}N, 'area south' -- illustrates the schwa-eliding left-sandhi variant; independently attested in Bjornum2012:K4§4b, 'det sydligste')" }, { "surface": "tulleq", "natural": "next (from {tuŋə}N, 'direction' -- illustrates the schwa-eliding left-sandhi variant, drop of the root's own final /ə/; independently attested in Bjornum2012:K4§4b, 'den næste', which also documents a further derivational use with a possessive ending, tullia, 'the next one of...')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/lliq", "AITWG:§12.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§4b", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Qulleq, Bøjningseksempel 109", "Kleinschmidt1871:siulleq", "Oqaatsit1997:siulleq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siulleq" ], "id": "N_lliq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_luk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "a bad N (also 'poor'/'pathetic' N; in some place/animal names the negative sense weakens or disappears entirely)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+luk", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch1 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{(q)luk}N, explicitly described there as 'a nominal variant of N{luk}V' -- this repo's own N_luk_have_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml, 'S has a bad/painful N'), which MOFO's own page lists directly as this entry's 'Variant'. MOFO's own 'Left sandhi: Default' facet ('additive, epenthetic or phonotactically truncative; inferred directly from the morphemic form') and 'Right sandhi'/'Declension sandhi: Default/none' facets are recorded directly as left_sandhi:default/right_sandhi:none/inflection_sandhi:none, mirroring this same file's sibling entry N_valuk_N's own identical MOFO-facet-to-schema-value mapping for the structurally identical N{(q)X}N bracket shape.", "MOFO's own prose ('Left sandhi') describes the affix as 'normally additive, and injecting (q) on vowel stems' -- the parenthetical (q) surfaces only after a vowel-final host, the same sandhi-epenthetic notation already documented repeatedly in this repo for an identical bracket shape (e.g. N_cuaq_N, N_pak_N, N_piaq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml). MOFO's own silarluk example ('bad weather', from sila, vowel-final) shows the expected epenthetic /q/ surfacing as intervocalic /r/ (the same general q->r weakening documented throughout this repo, e.g. N_iqniaq_N's own notes), giving the '-rluk' allomorph of MOFO's own two-way 'New orthography: +luk, -rluk' citation; '+luk' (this entry's underlying_form) is the plainer citation used directly on consonant-final hosts.", "MOFO's own prose flags real, source-acknowledged-as-unexplained irregularity on consonant-final hosts: it cites kangerluluk ('a pathetic fjord', from kangerluk 'fjord', a k-final host) as an irregular TRUNCATIVE formation (per Kleinschmidt 1871 and Schultz-Lorentzen 1958), contrasted with nualluk (from nuak, also k-final), which MOFO says attaches 'additively as expected' -- i.e. the regular pattern on a k-final host is ordinary k-assimilation/gemination with the affix's own /l/ (nuak -> nua-lluk), not truncation, and MOFO's own text states plainly 'we shall not attempt to account for this behaviour here.' Given this genuinely mixed, source-acknowledged-as-unexplained data, no left_sandhi override beyond the MOFO-facet default value above is asserted; the irregularity is described here in prose only, matching this repo's established practice of declining to force-fit mixed data into a single enum value (e.g. N_luinnaq_N's own left_sandhi note).", "DISAMBIGUATION: not to be confused with this repo's own N_luk_have_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml) -- the sibling N-to-V affix MOFO itself lists as this entry's 'Variant' (N{luk}V, at mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/luk.html). A genuinely different morpheme (different word-class output: N here, V there), not a duplicate -- the collision checker (scripts/mofo_collision_check.py) flags N_luk_have_Vb for the string '+luk', confirmed by inspection to be this distinct sibling, not this entry.", "DECLINED (non-)CORROBORATION: Nielsen2012's own '+lug-' entry (Vestgrønlandsk Grammatik §5.3.1.4.2, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/5.3.1-verbaliserende-tilhaeng.md) independently attests the identical surface string 'silarluk' -- but there it is explicitly analyzed as the -k INTERJECTION formed from the VERBAL affix +lug- ('danner interjektion på -k'; glossed 'sikken et dårligt vejr!', 'what bad weather!', built on the verb silarluppoq 'it is bad weather'; repeated at §6.1) -- the same interjection-formation fact already recorded on this repo's own N_luk_have_Vb entry, NOT independent attestation of a separate NOMINAL N-to-N derivational affix attaching directly to a bare noun stem. Nielsen2012's own historical-affix index (§7.2/§7.3, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/7.2-derivativer-enklitiske-partikler.md and 7.3-historiske-tilhaeng.md) cross-references '÷luk' only to '+lug-' (the verbal entry) and, separately, to an unrelated '÷piluk' ('bad N', already this repo's own N_piluk_N, nominal_modifiers.yaml) -- no separate Nielsen2012 headword for MOFO's specific N{(q)luk}N nominal sense was found. Bjornum2012 was also searched (bare string 'luk' across all transcribed extracts) with no match for this affix either -- only unrelated words containing the substring (e.g. matu-/luk- 'to close', an unrelated verb root; kangerlussuaq, an unrelated place name using a different augmentative affix). AITWG-Affixes chapters 3-4 (docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md, 4-nominal-modifiers.md) were also searched with no match. Given the explicit MOFO nonproductive tag plus this real, cross-checked absence of independent corroboration, this entry is tail-tier, MOFO-only, per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a bad ___; a poor ___", "da": "en dårlig ___ (også 'stakkels'/'ynkelig' ___)", "en_short": "a bad ___", "da_short": "en dårlig ___", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "agreement_variants": { "da": { "common_singular": "dårlig", "neuter_singular": "dårligt", "plural": "dårlige", "definite": "dårlige", "possessive": "dårlige" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives a noun meaning a bad, poor, or pathetic version of the host noun -- per MOFO, not used productively today, surviving only in a handful of lexicalised words (including several place names), and in some of those (especially place/animal names) the 'bad' sense has weakened or disappeared entirely. A nominal variant of this repo's own N_luk_have_Vb ('S has a bad/painful N') -- see the disambiguation note above.", "examples": [ { "surface": "silarluk", "natural": "bad weather (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from sila, 'weather' -- illustrates the epenthetic /q/ surfacing as /r/ on a vowel-final host)" }, { "surface": "perluk", "natural": "accident (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from the placeholder root {pi}N)" }, { "surface": "kangerluluk", "natural": "a pathetic fjord (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871 and Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from kangerluk, 'fjord' -- MOFO flags this as an irregularly truncative formation, see notes above)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/(q)luk", "SchultzLorentzen1926:silarluk#e15889", "Oqaatsit1997:silarluk", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:silarluk", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.16030" ], "id": "N_luk_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_naq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "something resembling N; the N-like (mostly in lexicalised animal and place names)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+naq", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-rnaq", "uvular_deleting_stem": "-rnaq" }, "left_sandhi": "schwa_deletion", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch1 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{(q)naq}N -- a parenthetical-/q/ sandhi-epenthetic affix in the same bracket-notation family already modeled on this repo's own N_cuaq_N/N_pak_N/N_piaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml): its New-orthography citation line gives two forms, '+naq' (plain additive, attaching directly to a consonant-final host) and '-rnaq' (the /r/-epenthesis allomorph after a vowel-final or truncated-q-final host, e.g. appa 'common murre' -> apparnaq, niisa 'porpoise' -> niisarnaq, nateq 'floor/bottom' -> naternaq). '+naq' (MOFO's own first-listed form) is used here as underlying_form, per this repo's established convention (e.g. N_nnaq_N).", "allomorphs: promoted from the prose-only treatment this entry previously gave the -rnaq allomorph (matching N_valuk_N's own sibling '-rpaluk' allomorph in this same file) to a structured map, per the N_pak_N/N_cuaq_N/N_piaq_N precedent (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, jandahl/oq#375) for this exact phenomenon. vowel_final_stem ('-rnaq') covers appa -> apparnaq and niisa -> niisarnaq, both independently corroborated well beyond MOFO's own [CWSL58] citation -- daka.gl-mirror carries niisarnaq across ten independent dictionaries including Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts (satisfying the lexeme-validation rule directly for that one form) and apparnaq in Kleinschmidt1871. uvular_deleting_stem ('-rnaq', same surface value as vowel_final_stem) covers nateq -> naternaq: nateq is a weak q-stem whose own final /q/ truncates before this allomorph attaches (per this entry's own pre-existing note), and uvular_deleting_stem is this repo's own established stem_type for exactly that host class (amiq/taliq/ukaliq/naaq, kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml). naternaq itself was searched in daka.gl-mirror (scripts/daka_source_search.py) and found no independent hit -- note nataarnaq, a superficially similar daka.gl-mirror form, is a different word ('halibut', unrelated to nateq 'floor/bottom') and is not corroboration -- so naternaq itself still rests on MOFO's own [CWSL58] citation alone, same as before this promotion. No third key is added for the mannernaq irregularity (see below): its /k/-deletion is not a stem_type-conditioned pattern, so allomorphs cannot express it.", "left_sandhi:schwa_deletion is the FIRST real-data population of this enum value anywhere in this repo's data (docs/reference/linguistics/aitwg-rule-compliance-audit.md's own §3.4 row records it as content-verified but 0/44 populated). MOFO's own page co-lists two left-sandhi facets for this affix: 'Default' (the additive/epenthetic-r pattern above, already well-corroborated elsewhere in this repo, e.g. N_valuk_N's own left_sandhi:default) and 'ə-eliding' ('the morpheme may elide a final /ə/ and attach directly to the preceding consonant'). Per the precedent already set by V_tit_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, asserting the narrower t(ə)-stem-specific left_sandhi value while leaving boundary_behavior at the template's additive default for the general case) and by naaq (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, asserting the genuinely novel co-listed value over the already-corroborated one), the narrower, gap-filling ə-eliding fact is asserted here as left_sandhi, while the already-established additive/default pattern is left at this template's own additive default (no boundary_behavior override needed) and documented in prose. MOFO's own prose directly attests the ə-eliding case on a /tə/-final host: 'On /tə/ stems, this affix appears to prefer to elide /ə/ and instead attach directly to /t/, without the insertion of /q/' -- illustrated by the Uummannaq example below (from {uummatə}N, 'heart'). AITWG:§3.4 (Definition 3.4, the ə-rule) is cited alongside MOFO here per docs/reference/linguistics/mofo-schema-mapping.md's own verified-section ledger ('ə-rule (schwa_eliding, schwa_contraction) | §3.4 | content') for the GENERAL phonological phenomenon this enum value names -- AITWG's own text does not discuss this specific affix, so it is not counted as independent corroboration of the affix itself, only of the general rule, the same limited-scope citation already used by this file's own V_qqik_N sibling entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, citing AITWG:§2.3/§2.4 for identical reasons).", "A third, irregular attachment pattern is separately flagged by MOFO on its own mannernaq example (from mannik, 'egg'): the host's final /k/ appears to delete, and MOFO notes the affix may have alternatively behaved there as N{-qnaq}N. MOFO's own text explicitly declines to account for this pattern, framing it as an unexplained irregularity given the affix's non-productive status -- not modeled as a schema value here either, following MOFO's own stated caution rather than guessing at a mechanism.", "DISAMBIGUATION: not the same affix as this repo's own V_naq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml) or V_naq_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) -- both are a V-attaching exclamatory verbalizer/extender sharing the bare citation string 'naq' but with a different bracket form, word class, and meaning ('really just the verbal extender V{naq}V ... used without the verbal ending', per V_naq_N's own notes). Confirmed as three genuinely separate MOFO pages, not one: this entry's own page is affix/nn/(q)naq.html (N-to-N), while the V-attaching homographs live at affix/vn/naq.html and affix/vv/naq.html." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something resembling ___; the ___-like", "en_short": "something resembling ___", "da": "noget der ligner ___", "da_short": "noget der ligner ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a noun meaning 'something resembling N' or 'the N-like', found almost exclusively in lexicalised animal and place names rather than freely coined new words -- MOFO's own page marks this affix non-productive. No independent corroboration (AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012, Bjornum2012) was found for this specific 'resembling N' affix after a real search: docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md and 4-nominal-modifiers.md (AITWG-Affixes' own N->N chapters) were read in full, and docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ were grepped for the bare form and plausible spelling variants ('naq'/'rnaq'/'qnaq'); the only hits were the unrelated exclamatory-verbalizer '+naq'/'hvor vb-ende' entries (Nielsen2012 §5.5.1.8, Bjornum2012 s.v. +naq) already covered by this repo's own V_naq_N/V_naq_Vb, plus incidental mentions of the town name Uummannaq in unrelated grammar examples.", "examples": [ { "surface": "apparnaq", "natural": "a type of murre, a bird (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from appa, 'common murre' -- a vowel-final host, illustrating the -rnaq allomorph directly)" }, { "surface": "niisarnaq", "natural": "pilot whale (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from niisa, 'porpoise' -- same vowel-final-host -rnaq pattern)" }, { "surface": "naternaq", "natural": "flatland; a flat area at the bottom of a valley (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from nateq, 'floor; bottom', a weak-q-stem host whose own final /q/ truncates before the -rnaq allomorph attaches)" }, { "surface": "Uummannaq", "natural": "the heart-shaped one; a North Greenland town, named for the nearby heart-shaped mountain (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from {uummatə}N 'heart', a /tə/-final host -- illustrates left_sandhi:schwa_deletion directly: the schwa elides and the affix attaches straight onto /t/, with /t/+/n/ assimilating to 'nn')" }, { "surface": "mannernaq", "natural": "a (type of) small egg (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from mannik, 'egg' -- MOFO's own page flags this as an irregular formation, with the host's final /k/ deleting in a pattern not otherwise attested for this affix; see notes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/(q)naq", "AITWG:§3.4", "Kleinschmidt1871:Uummannaq", "Oqaatsit1997:Uummannaq#e18561", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:Uummannaq#e17582", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niisarnaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:apparnaq" ], "id": "N_naq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_vaaluk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a group/crowd of N (per MOFO, possibly a larger group than N_aluit_N's plain '-aluit' alone); inherently plural, only used with a plural ending", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_vaaluk_N:057664cb6253", "items": [ { "text": "a group/crowd of N (per MOFO, possibly a larger group than N_aluit_N's plain '-aluit' alone); inherently plural, only used with a plural ending", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/(q)vaaluk", "SchultzLorentzen1926:inuppaaluit" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+paaluit", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "underlying_form '+paaluit' is already MOFO's fully plural-marked citation form (see the 'ilarpaalui' note below, which describes swapping this SAME built-in -it for a different plural allomorph -i, not adding a plural ending on top of an unmarked base). oq#380 Bucket 4/3f: a worked-example chain that closed on a separate N_ABS_PL after this affix double-marked the plural (illorpaaluit built as illupaaluitit), since N_ABS_PL's own allomorph selection saw this affix's own trailing -t and read it as 'consonant-final host, needs -it' rather than recognizing the plural was already there. Fixed on the worked-example side by closing on the zero-marked N_ABS_SG instead, the same established convention this repo already uses for N_aluit_N's own already-plural-marked citation forms (sikualuit, arnaaluit, kalaallisut_data/worked_examples/nominal.yaml) -- continuation_class is deliberately left at this template's own N_POSTBASE default (not WORD_FINAL) to keep this entry's own morpheme_type:derivational_affix classification structurally closeable only via a real inflectional_ending/enclitic, per tests/grammar/test_cross_pipeline_consistency.py's own chain-shape model.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{(q)vaaluk}N, analyzed there as a combination of two of its own already-cataloged constituent morphemes, N{(q)vak}N ('quite/rather big') and N{-aluk}N ('group of N', this repo's own N_aluit_N entry, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) -- 'this affix is a combination of N{(q)vak}N and N{-aluk}N. See the latter for declination examples,' per the source's own text. Filed under mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/, NOT under Combinations/, so it counts as an atomic-morpheme candidate for this initiative per CLAUDE.md's own scoping note -- the same treatment already given to this repo's own similarly compositional, similarly (q)-marked N_pak_N and N_valuk_N entries.", "GENUINE SOURCE TENSION with this repo's own N_aluit_N entry, not silently reconciled: AITWG-Affixes' own text for -aluit hedges a 'possible' variant, 'N{paaluk}N + N{-it} ⟹* +paaluit, with same meaning' (docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md) -- the identical surface citation this MOFO entry gives as its own primary 'New orthography' form. MOFO's OWN separate -aluk detail page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/-aluk.html) independently lists 'inuppaaluit' and 'ilarpaalui' -- both cited again, verbatim, on THIS (q)vaaluk page -- among its own attested examples of -aluk 'With N{(q)vak}N to get the meaning quite big', i.e. MOFO's own materials describe this as a productive -aluk-plus-(q)vak augmentation, not a wholly unrelated root. Despite that, MOFO gives (q)vaaluk its own standalone detail page (own citation form distinct from -aluk's own -aluit/-valuit, own Constituents field, own sandhi-facet table), so it is modeled here as its own entry rather than folded into N_aluit_N -- but the relationship is real and should weigh into any future decision about whether to instead enrich N_aluit_N's own hedge note with this entry's now-attested MOFO examples/citation rather than keep both. scripts/mofo_collision_check.py returned CLEAR for '+paaluit', '-rpaaluit' and '(q)vaaluk' precisely because N_aluit_N's 'possible variant' mention lives only in that entry's free-text notes, not its own underlying_form field -- a limitation the script's own docstring already documents and explicitly warns to check by eye, which is how this tension was found.", "Oqaatsit1997:-:paaluit#e12040 labels the entry plural and prints angallaterpaaluit, aningaasarpaaluit, illorpaaluit, inuppaaluit and ussuppaaluit with their glosses. The latter three provide the source examples discussed here alongside illu, inuk and ussuk in MOFO. Do not infer from the translated plural vessels or the dictionary citation words angallatit/aningaasat that this suffix attaches to already-inflected plurals. Those host/chain bindings require separate evidence; no new allomorph selector or plural-host operation is asserted.", "The v/p alternation between the bracket form's own '(q)vak'/'(q)vaaluk' spelling and the actual surface citation's 'p' (paaluit, not vaaluit) matches the identical devoicing pattern already documented on this repo's own N_valuk_N entry (bracket N{(q)valuk}N, surface citation '-paluk') -- a general fact about this whole (q)v-initial MOFO affix family's surface realization, not modeled as a per-entry schema field.", "'ilarpaalui' (from the partitive construction {ila}N + this affix + the absolutive 3pl/pl ending N{-i}, per MOFO's own gloss) surfaces WITHOUT the final -t of the other examples -- MOFO attributes this to the different plural ending (-i rather than -it) used in that specific partitive construction, not a different underlying_form; recorded here as a documented variant rather than a second underlying_form entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a group of ___; a crowd of ___", "da": "en gruppe af ___; en flok af ___", "en_short": "a group of ___; a crowd of ___", "da_short": "en gruppe af ___; en flok af ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms an inherently plural noun denoting a group, crowd, or number of the base noun -- per MOFO, possibly connoting a larger group than the closely related N_aluit_N ('a group of N') alone, though (per the notes above) the two are likely productively related rather than fully independent formations.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illorpaaluit", "natural": "a group of houses (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from illu, 'house' -- illustrates the linking /r/ after a vowel-final host)" }, { "surface": "inuppaaluit", "natural": "quite a number of people (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from inuk, 'person' -- illustrates gemination/assimilation after a k-final host)" }, { "surface": "ussuppaaluit", "natural": "a group of bearded seals (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from ussuk, 'bearded seal')" }, { "surface": "angallaterpaaluit", "natural": "quite a number of vessels (Oqaatsit1997:-:paaluit#e12040 prints the complete plural word; its English plural gloss does not establish attachment to an already-inflected angallatit host)" }, { "surface": "ilarpaalui", "natural": "a good number of them (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; partitive construction with {ila}N, 'part/some of', plus the absolutive 3pl/pl ending -i rather than the ordinary plural -it seen in the other examples)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/(q)vaaluk", "SchultzLorentzen1926:inuppaaluit#e5098", "Oqaatsit1997:-:paaluit#e12040" ], "id": "N_vaaluk_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_pasik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "a strong wind from the N-direction (N is a stem indicating a direction)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+pasik", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch2 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{(q)vasik}N (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/(q)vasik.html), cited as MOFO:nn/vasik below to disambiguate from its siblings sharing the same root: MOFO's own listed constituent decomposition is N{vaq}V + N{-sik}V, and MOFO cross-references this nn entry under 'Variants' to N{(q)vasik}V, the noun-to-verb sense already modeled in this repo as N_pasik_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml, AITWG-Affixes-sourced, 'S looks/seems just like an N') and, separately, V{(q)pasik}V (this repo's V_pasik_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml, 'it looks like S Vb's') -- both genuinely different, sibling affixes attaching to a different word class than this N-to-N one, despite sharing the identical citation spelling '+pasik'/'-pasik'.", "New orthography per MOFO: '+pasik, -rpasik' (old orthography: '-pasik'). The '(q)' in MOFO's bracket form N{(q)vasik}N parallels this repo's already-modeled sibling entry N_valuk_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, MOFO's own bracket form N{(q)valuk}N): there, the same parenthetical placeholder surfaces as /r/, not /q/, after a vowel-final host (imeq -> imerpaluk) -- the same '-rpasik' r-epenthetic variant this affix's own New-orthography line lists directly, consistent with an epenthesis pattern rather than a separate truncative allomorph. left_sandhi:default and right_sandhi:none are taken directly from MOFO's own facet fields for this entry ('Left sandhi: Default', 'Right sandhi: Default/none'), matching the identical facet values and reasoning already used for N_valuk_N.", "MOFO's own single cited example, saqqarpasik (from saqqaq, 'the front-side'/'the sunny side', apparently naming a specific area in the Disko Bay), shows the host's own final /q/ surfacing as /r/ before this affix -- the same host-side weak-q-stem weakening pattern already documented (and not asserted as this affix's own sandhi) on this repo's N_sunni_N entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, pujoq -> pujorsunni), not independent evidence of a special left-sandhi behavior belonging to this affix itself.", "morphology_class is deliberately left unset: MOFO's own General-section and Declension-pattern table both label the stem type 'Regular k-stem' without hedge (matching N_valuk_N's own MOFO-sourced velar_retaining_stem mapping), but that same Declension-pattern table's 'Declension type: up-declined' field is directly contradicted by MOFO's own prose immediately below it: 'The inflection is not described in any of the dictionaries. Presumably, the affix inflects like a regular k-stem with up-declension, since this is the most common, but in the absence of further evidence, we do not record an inflection pattern.' Given MOFO's own table and its own prose disagree on whether a declension pattern is actually attested, declension_class is not asserted here rather than silently picking one side of that internal contradiction; stem_type and inflection_sandhi are likewise left unset rather than partially completing a morphology_class/application_logic picture that would look more confirmed than MOFO's own page actually claims.", "MOFO explicitly tags this affix Tags/List/stem/nonproductive ('a non-productive, or only marginally productive, variant of N{(q)vasik}V'), and MOFO's own References section lists only two sources for the whole entry: Jonathan Petersen (1967), Ordbogêraĸ [JP67], and C.W. Schultz-Lorentzen (1958), Den Grønlandske Ordbog [CWSL58] -- the wind-direction sense and its one example are both attributed to CWSL58 specifically. A search of docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md and 4-nominal-modifiers.md (AITWG-Affixes chapters 3-4) for 'pasik'/'vasik' found no entry at all. A search of docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/*.md for the same strings found exactly one hit, in 7.3-historiske-tilhaeng.md (Nielsen's own separate chapter of historical/frozen affixes): '+pasik- Vb_m *føjes kun til vindverber; blæser i vb-et retning*' ('attaches only to wind-verbs; blows in the Vb'ed direction') -- explicitly marked 'Vb_m', i.e. attaching to a VERB stem, not a noun stem, and glossed as a directional-blowing sense on wind VERBS rather than 'strong wind from N' on a noun host. This is at best an etymologically-related but grammatically distinct historical affix (verb-attaching, not this noun-attaching one), not independent corroboration of this specific N-to-N sense -- deliberately not cited as such. No Bjornum2012 match was found at all ('pasik'/'vasik' return no hits in docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/*.md). Given the explicit nonproductive tag and the absence of independent corroboration for this exact N-to-N sense after this real search, this entry is tail-tier per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a strong wind from the ___-direction", "da": "en kraftig vind fra retningen ___", "en_short": "a strong wind from the ___-direction", "da_short": "en kraftig vind fra retningen ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a strong wind blowing from the direction named by the host noun -- per MOFO's own citation of Schultz-Lorentzen (1958), used specifically of wind. The host is a direction-indicating stem (e.g. a cardinal/relative direction noun or, as in the one attested example, a place-specific directional term).", "examples": [ { "surface": "saqqarpasik", "natural": "a strong, south-easterly wind (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from saqqaq, 'the front-side'/'the sunny side', here apparently referring to a specific area in the Disko Bay)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/vasik", "SchultzLorentzen1926:saqqarpasik" ], "id": "N_pasik_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_vraq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "a small N (with living entities, sometimes 'young N' or 'child')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_vraq_N:cd6822630230", "items": [ { "text": "a small N (with living entities, sometimes 'young N' or 'child')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/-Vraq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "Ordbogi1977:ineeraq", "Oqaatsit1997:ineeraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ineeraq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-vraq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch1 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "SIBLING, NOT COLLISION, of this repo's existing N_araq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, 'a small N', independently sourced there from AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012): MOFO gives this affix (N{-Vraq}N) its own separate detail page, explicitly cross-referenced from N{-araq}N's own page as a 'Variant', and its own prose states plainly 'The productive variant N{-araq}N is used instead today' -- i.e. MOFO treats -araq as the modern, live descendant of this older, lexicalized -Vraq pattern, not a duplicate of it. AITWG-Affixes' own N_araq_N entry already notes this same alternative form in passing ('an alternative form of this affix, N{-V'raq}N, where V represents a lengthening of any preceding vowel', with the worked pair paniaraq/paneeraq from {panik}N 'daughter') but does not give it its own separate headword/citation-form entry there -- this entry fills that specific gap MOFO's own inventory tracks as a distinct morpheme ID. scripts/mofo_collision_check.py returns CLEAR for both '-eraq'/'-oraq' (this entry's own citation forms) and '-Vraq' (the bracket form).", "AITWG-Affixes:p.17 prints N{-V'raq}N and explicitly defines V as lengthening any preceding vowel, with panik 'daughter' yielding paneeraq alongside the distinct productive -araq variant paniaraq. MOFO's pinned Vraq_nn_small.toml sandhi.left independently calls this affix truncative and specifies copying the exposed vowel SOUND: /i/ (including schwa realized as [i]) gives /iraq/, /u/ gives /uraq/, and /a/ gives /araq/, with ordinary uvular lowering before /r/. The buildable form -vraq declares raw Unicode code-point position 1 as a vowel-copy placeholder, counting the leading hyphen; preset marker removal maps it to position 0 in vraq. AITWG:§13.6 documents the corresponding v-copy notation and maximum vowel length two, not this diminutive's lexical identity. Search forms -eraq/-oraq/-Vraq are navigation aliases. V is neither a consonantal v nor a stem-class selector; retain lexicalized/nonproductive qualification and do not infer unrestricted new hosts from this encoding.", "inflection_sandhi:geminating / morphology_class.gemination{from: r, to: qq} directly mirrors this repo's own N_araq_N entry: MOFO's own declension table for this entry shows the identical r=>qq alternation, in the same paradigm cells (ERG.SG -Vrrap i.e. -eqqap/-oqqap, ERG.PL -Vrrat i.e. -eqqat/-oqqat, ABS.4SG/SG -Vrri i.e. -eqqi/-oqqi), as N_araq_N's own AITWG-Affixes-sourced '-aqqat' plural citation; and MOFO's own 'Declension sandhi'/'Gemination type' facets for this entry state it explicitly ('Geminating', 'r=>qq [devoiced, standard]').", "Independent corroboration found beyond MOFO/AITWG-Affixes: Nielsen2012's own combined '÷araq' headword (docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/5.5-nominaltilhaeng.md, section 5.5.3.1) glosses 'en lille N' ('a small N') and explicitly notes 'også ÷eraq, ÷oraq' ('also ÷eraq, ÷oraq') -- independently confirming both New-orthography citation forms MOFO gives for this entry -- and gives, as one of only four worked examples for the whole ÷araq/÷eraq/÷oraq set, 'ini, værelse; ineeraq, et lille værelse' (ini, 'room'; ineeraq, 'a small room') -- the IDENTICAL surface form and gloss as MOFO's own first cited example for this entry, from an independent primary source, not merely MOFO's own citation. Nielsen2012 does not itself flag -eraq/-oraq as non-productive the way MOFO does; it simply folds them into the same headword as the (independently-corroborated-elsewhere) productive -araq form, without commenting on relative productivity.", "left_sandhi:truncative records the primary source's explicit host-consonant deletion. The prior irregular value described the then-unencoded copying detail, but current vowel_copy_positions now declares that operation separately. In the API, irregular overrides the coarse template join and is deliberately approximate; truncative is required to execute the source-attested boundary deletion. This field choice follows the printed truncative/copying rule, not a spelling fitted to engine output. Current literal ini and its independently sourced i2 profile are preserved; no phonemic inə rewrite or host-specific override is licensed here." ], "search_forms": [ "-eraq", "-oraq", "-Vraq" ], "vowel_copy_positions": [ 1 ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a small ___; young ___; child ___", "da": "en lille ___ (om levende væsener, undertiden 'unge ___' eller 'barn')", "en_short": "a small ___", "da_short": "en lille ___", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "agreement_variants": { "da": { "common_singular": "lille", "neuter_singular": "lille", "plural": "små", "definite": "lille", "possessive": "lille" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A diminutive, 'small N', with connotations of 'young' or 'child' on living entities -- semantically identical to the productive N_araq_N ('a small N'), of which MOFO documents this as the older, now non-productive vowel-lengthening variant, surviving only in a handful of lexicalized words.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ineeraq", "natural": "a small room (MOFO cites this directly; from {inə}N, 'room' -- independently attested with the identical surface form and gloss by Nielsen2012's own combined ÷araq/÷eraq/÷oraq entry, from ini 'room')" }, { "surface": "saveeraq", "natural": "a small knife (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from savik, 'knife' -- illustrates the host's final /k/ truncating before this affix attaches, with the preceding /i/ lengthening into the affix's own vowel slot)" }, { "surface": "inooraq", "natural": "a small person (MOFO cites this directly; from inuk, 'human/person' -- same /k/-truncation-plus-vowel-lengthening pattern as saveeraq above)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-Vraq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "Ordbogi1977:ineeraq", "Oqaatsit1997:ineeraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ineeraq", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15026", "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§13.6", "Oqaatsit1997:-eraq#e3273", "Oqaatsit1997:-oraq#e10308", "Kleinschmidt1871:saveeraq#e7659", "SchultzLorentzen1926:saveeraq#e15461" ], "id": "N_vraq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_aq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "thing resembling N; young/offspring of N (with animal names)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-aq", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch1 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-aq}N. New orthography also lists two further citation variants under the same headword, -gaq and -raq (old orthography -aĸ/-gaĸ/-raĸ) -- not modeled as separate underlying_form entries or as a formal allomorphs map (MOFO's page does not tie the variants to specific stem_type classes), recorded here in prose instead, matching the precedent set for V_utaq_N's -qutaq/-qqutaq/-lutaq variants.", "MOFO explicitly tags this as an old, non-productive morpheme (Tags/List/stem/nonproductive) found only in already-lexicalised words; its meaning is 'rather obscure' per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary as cited by MOFO ('thing resembling something'). MOFO's own 'See also' cross-reference names two PRODUCTIVE descendant affixes carrying a related/overlapping meaning, N{-araq}N (already modeled in this repo as N_araq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, 'small version of N') and N{-Vraq}N (already modeled in this repo as N_vraq_N, above in this same file) -- MOFO's own etymological note speculates the animal-offspring sense traces to a doubled/generalised {aʀ} rather than being historically identical to this {-aq} entry, so N_araq_N is a related sibling, not a collision, and is deliberately left untouched by this entry.", "Left sandhi -- concrete irregular case: MOFO's own description gives ivigaq (from ivik, 'grass') as an example where the affix has WEAKENED the host's final consonant (/k/ -> /g/) rather than truncating it outright, speculatively linked to a preceding schwa or an epenthesis-avoiding long vowel. nanoraq (from nanoq, 'polar bear') is a second such case, explicitly flagged by MOFO as irregularly formed with weakening of /q/ (-> /r/). The regular/default case is plain truncation, as in alluaq (from allu), unnuaq (from unnuk), amitsuaq (from amitsoq) -- all below.", "nattoralaaq (eagle chick, from {nakturalək}N, 'eagle') is MOFO's own most irregular cited example: MOFO states the affix triggers the schwa-deletion rule even word-internally (mid-stem), not just at the stem-affix boundary -- an idiosyncratic case recorded in prose only, not asserted as this entry's general left_sandhi behaviour." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thing resembling ___; young of ___; offspring of ___", "en_short": "thing resembling ___", "da": "noget der ligner ___; unge af ___; afkom af ___ (om dyrenavne)", "da_short": "noget der ligner ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO-only ('tail' tier per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative hybrid-by-tier policy): this affix carries MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag outright, and a real search of docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md, docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/ (including its dedicated 7.3-historiske-tilhaeng.md 'historical affixes' chapter), and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ found no treatment of {-aq}N as a live, citable affix in its own right -- only the lexicalised outputs themselves surface incidentally as vocabulary (e.g. unnuaq 'night' appears in Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's time-telling example sentences, and Bjornum2012's own vocabulary list, but neither source glosses or analyses the -aq morpheme itself). Both of MOFO's own two meanings are illustrated below: 'thing resembling N' (ivigaq, alluaq, unnuaq, amitsuaq) and 'young/offspring of N' restricted to animal names (appaaq, naajaaq, natsiaq, nanoraq, nattoralaaq).", "examples": [ { "surface": "ivigaq", "natural": "fine grass (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ivik, 'grass' -- irregularly formed with weakening of /k/ to /g/ rather than truncation)" }, { "surface": "alluaq", "natural": "fishing hole in ice (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from allu, 'breathing hole of a seal in ice')" }, { "surface": "unnuaq", "natural": "night (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from unnuk, 'evening')" }, { "surface": "amitsuaq", "natural": "a narrowing (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from amitsoq, '(something) narrow')" }, { "surface": "appaaq", "natural": "an appa chick (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from appa, a type of Greenlandic bird)" }, { "surface": "naajaaq", "natural": "a sea gull chick (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from naaja, 'sea gull')" }, { "surface": "natsiaq", "natural": "young ringed seal (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from natseq, 'ringed seal')" }, { "surface": "nanoraq", "natural": "polar bear cub (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from nanoq, 'polar bear' -- irregularly formed with weakening of /q/ to /r/)" }, { "surface": "nattoralaaq", "natural": "eagle chick (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from {nakturalək}N, 'eagle' -- irregularly formed, the affix triggering schwa-deletion even mid-stem)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-aq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:appaaq", "Oqaatsit1997:appaaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:appaaq" ], "id": "N_aq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_atsiaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "rather N; quite N (of an adjectival-meaning noun, typically the participle of a quality/adjectival verb formed via V{ðuq}N)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_atsiaq_N:3257fd179259", "items": [ { "text": "rather N; quite N (of an adjectival-meaning noun, typically the participle of a quality/adjectival verb formed via V{ðuq}N)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/-atciaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:angisuatsiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:angisuatsiaq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-atsiaq", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-atciaq}N, analyzed on MOFO's own page as a historical combination of N{-aq}N (an old, non-productive affix glossed 'thing resembling N'/'young of N', not modeled in this repo) and N{tciaq}N ('a fair-sized N', already modeled here as N_ttiaq_N in kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml -- MOFO's own separate tciaq detail page independently confirms the identical new-orthography citation form '-tsiaq' and a near-identical gloss, 'a fair-sized N'). MOFO's own prose explicitly hedges this decomposition as 'only a working hypothesis', adding that its cited source (the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary) 'does not explain the origin of the initial /a/'. Because MOFO nonetheless gives this compound its own dedicated, non-Combinations detail page (i.e. not filed under /Morphemes/Combinations/, which CLAUDE.md's initiative scope explicitly excludes as compounds-not-atomic-morphemes), it is treated here as its own citable morpheme rather than modeled as two stacked affix entries.", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_ttiaq_N: despite sharing a constituent and a superficially similar citation-form ending (-atsiaq vs -tsiaq), this is a separate entry with a distinct meaning (this affix: 'rather/quite N', restricted to adjectival-noun hosts, vs. N_ttiaq_N's own 'a middling or fair-sized N', general nominal hosts) -- not a collision. scripts/mofo_collision_check.py returns CLEAR for both '-atsiaq' and 'atciaq' against this repo's existing data, and no candidate match turned up on a manual read of nominal_extenders.yaml/nominal_modifiers.yaml/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml either.", "MOFO's own attested examples show this affix attaching not to the bare participle citation form but to what looks like the host verb's own u-final stem allomorph: angisoq ('big', the participle of angivoq) -> angisuatsiaq, not *angisatsiaq or *angisoatsiaq -- consistent with MOFO's own 'Irregular' left-sandhi tag rather than a clean truncative deletion of a host-final /q/. qinngortuatsiaq is even less settled: MOFO's own page flags that its likely source verb qinngortuvoq ('it has a great depth') is verbal, 'so we must consider it irregularly formed' if built directly on that, and separately floats an alternative derivation from a hypothetical noun qinngortoq that MOFO itself says would give the wrong gloss. Both irregularities are recorded here rather than smoothed into one clean rule.", "Petersen1951:-atsiaq#e12479 and Petersen1967:-atsiaq#e12501 independently print aataatsiaap and issuatsiaat. These establish long-a forms for those examples and supersede the earlier blanket claim that no independent inflection evidence was available. MOFO leaves inheritance of the tciaq a-gemination uncertain; the two printed forms do not establish the complete oblique/possessive pattern, so no executable inflection field is added here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rather ___; quite ___", "en_short": "rather ___", "da": "temmelig ___; ret ___ (om et tillægsordsagtigt navneord)", "da_short": "temmelig ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an adjectival-meaning noun as rather or quite that quality. Kleinschmidt1871:angisuatsiaq#e887 and SchultzLorentzen1926:angisuatsiaq#e1682 independently attest angisuatsiaq, rather large. Petersen1967:-atsiaq#e12501 lists the suffix with itisuatsiaq, aataatsiaq and issuatsiaq, and prints aataatsiaap and issuatsiaat. These attest particular words and inflected forms, not a complete productive host rule. The qinngortuatsiaq and amerlasuatsiaapput examples remain MOFO-reported, with their stated derivational uncertainties. Bare atsiaq, someone named after a deceased person, is a different lexical item.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angisuatsiaq", "natural": "(something that is) rather big (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from angisoq, '(something that is) big')" }, { "surface": "qinngortuatsiaq", "natural": "a fjord that stretches rather far inland (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; MOFO's own page flags this word's exact derivation as uncertain -- see notes above)" }, { "surface": "amerlasuatsiaapput", "natural": "they are quite numerous (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; MOFO's own etymological note: presumably from the same root as amerlasuut, 'many' (pl), followed by this affix and then verbalised with N{-u}V, 'is')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-atciaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:angisuatsiaq#e887", "SchultzLorentzen1926:angisuatsiaq#e1682", "Petersen1967:-atsiaq#e12501" ], "id": "N_atsiaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ijak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "a collection of N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-iak", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "The independently pinned dictionaries confirm the exact aagiak example and coagulated-blood lexical sense. They do not independently establish the affix segmentation, choice of weakening versus truncation, full declension, or productive attachment; those analyses remain separately source-scoped.", "Counterbot PIN batch1 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket/morphemic form is N{-ijak}N; underlying_form uses the plain 'New orthography' citation form (-iak), matching this repo's established practice for MOFO-derived entries (e.g. N_miu_N, N_valuk_N in this same file) of citing the source's plain surface form rather than its phonemic bracket notation. MOFO's own New-orthography line also lists two consonant-weakening allomorphs, -giak (after k-stems) and -riak (after q-stems) -- see the left_sandhi note below.", "MOFO's own 'Left sandhi' facet lists both 'Truncative' and 'Irregular'; left_sandhi:irregular is set here per the same precedent already used for V_si_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) and V_utaq_N (deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) of citing MOFO's own co-listed 'Irregular' facet value directly rather than the milder co-listed alternative. MOFO's own prose explains the irregularity concretely: on a consonant-final host the affix is 'generally truncative' (its own inuiak, from inuk, is the clean truncative counter-case -- this repo's denominal_noun_truncating template default models exactly this), but per Ordbogeeraq (1951) it 'apparently' also joins additively onto some consonant stems while weakening the stem's own final consonant (/k/=>/g/, /q/=>/r/), surfacing as -giak on k-stems and -riak on q-stems -- e.g. assagiak from assak and aagiak from aak (both k=>g), and iseriak from iseq (q=>r). MOFO's own text is explicit that 'not all words are formed in this way', i.e. there is no fully predictable rule choosing between the two patterns -- hence 'irregular' rather than a single clean truncative/replacive/weakening value.", "MOFO's own 'Inflection sandhi' facet lists both 'Default/none' and 'Geminating', corresponding to two full, separately-tabulated declension patterns on the page: a 'regular k-stem' pattern (ABS.sg -iak, ERG.sg -iaap, ERG.pl -iaat, no gemination) that the source itself calls 'apparently the conventional declension', and a second 'weak k-stem' pattern with an unwritten /j/ that geminates to [cc] (spelt 'ss') under consonant-initial endings (ABS.sg -iak, ERG.pl -issat), resting on a single Ordbogeeraq (1951) example (agssagiak, agssagiaup, agssagíssat) that MOFO's own text separately flags as irregular in a second respect: it geminates in the plural yet still irregularly keeps the ergative-singular ending -up rather than the weak-stem's own expected pattern. inflection_sandhi:irregular is set here rather than either 'none' or 'geminating' alone, since neither cleanly represents the whole picture and MOFO's own single cited example for the geminating pattern is itself flagged as irregular and uncommon.", "Stem type(s) is correspondingly listed by MOFO as both 'Regular k-stem' and 'Weak k-stem', matching the same two-declension-pattern split above; morphology_class is deliberately left unset here rather than asserting one stem_type, the same practice already used on this repo's N_lik_N entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml) for a comparably genuine multi-way declension variation.", "MOFO documents a verbalizing sibling variant, N{-ijak}V ('is full of N'), and cross-references a productive near-synonym, N{(q)vak}N ('a collection of N') -- neither is modeled in this repo yet (grepped kalaallisut_data/ for '(q)vak', 'N_vak_N', 'N_qvak_N': no hits); recorded here for a future batch, not modeled as part of this entry.", "One MOFO example, assagiak ('crab', from assak 'hand/finger', literally 'a collection of hands/fingers'), is explicitly flagged by MOFO's own text as spelt assagiaq (with q, not k) in modern usage -- recorded as-is, not resolved or normalized here.", "Confirmed non-productive: MOFO tags this affix with its own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive facet (grepped the raw HTML directly).", "No independent corroboration found after a real search: grepped docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md and 4-nominal-modifiers.md (AITWG-Affixes chapters 3-4) for 'iak'/'ijak'/'giak'/'riak' -- no hits at all; this affix is absent from AITWG-Affixes entirely. Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 extracts do independently document an '-iak > -issat' NOUN DECLENSION CLASS (Bjornum2012:4-nominer.md pattern 20; Nielsen2012:4.1-nominal-fleksion.md) that formally resembles MOFO's own 'weak k-stem, geminating' declension pattern for this affix -- but its own member words, kikiak ('a nail') and sineriak ('coast'), are neither glossed 'a collection of N' nor cited by MOFO as examples of this specific derivational affix, and Nielsen2012's own prose there treats -iak as a bare stem-final shape shared by many lexically unrelated words, most of which (per that same passage) do NOT geminate, citing aasiak 'spider' as a non-geminating counter-example. Declined as corroboration for that reason -- it corroborates a general Kalaallisut declension-class fact, not this specific morpheme's identity or meaning -- matching this repo's established practice of declining a look-alike (e.g. N_kkallak_N's declined Nielsen2012 'kullak' near-match, N_qut_N's declined Bjornum2012 'qut'-string match) rather than silently accepting it." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a collection of ___", "da": "en samling af ___", "en_short": "a collection of ___", "da_short": "en samling af ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Denotes a collection or group made up of the base noun -- e.g. a group of body parts, taken together as one thing (assagiak, 'crab', literally a collection of fingers/claws). Non-productive per MOFO's own tag, found only in a handful of lexicalised words; MOFO's own text places it as a near-synonym of the (unmodeled) productive affix N{(q)vak}N. All examples below are MOFO's own, drawn from its cited dictionary sources (Petersen 1967, Schultz-Lorentzen 1958).", "examples": [ { "surface": "assagiak", "natural": "crab (MOFO cites Petersen 1967; from assak, 'hand/finger', literally 'a collection of hands/fingers'; the -giak allomorph, with weakening of the host's final /k/ to /g/; MOFO notes the modern spelling is assagiaq, with q)" }, { "surface": "aagiak", "natural": "coagulated blood (MOFO cites Petersen 1967; from aak, 'blood'; the -giak allomorph, /k/=>/g/ weakening)" }, { "surface": "iseriak", "natural": "mist, especially steam/smoke rising from a house (MOFO cites Petersen 1967; from iseq, 'steam/smoke'; the -riak allomorph, /q/=>/r/ weakening)" }, { "surface": "inuiaat", "natural": "a people (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; the plural of inuiak, from inuk, 'person'; the plain -iak form, illustrating ordinary truncative attachment with no consonant weakening)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aagiak#e6", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aagiak#e9", "MOFO:nn/ijak", "Ordbogi1977:inuiaat", "Oqaatsit1997:inuiaat", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inuiaat" ], "id": "N_ijak_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ilaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "something that is without N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ilaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-ilaq}N. Left sandhi is documented on MOFO's page as 'Truncative (vowel-initial, /kŋrq/ initial, most /l/ initial)' -- this affix's own initial /i/ falls under the vowel-initial case, directly grounding left_sandhi:truncative from MOFO's own facet (also consistent with, though not independently corroborated by, AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's general vowel-initial-affixes-are-truncative rule -- no AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 entry for this specific affix was found; see the tail-tier note below). Right sandhi is documented as plain 'Default/none', matching this schema's right_sandhi:none value with no tension.", "MOFO records a historical account (citing the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary) deriving this affix from an ablaut variant {ŋila-} of the historical root {ŋit-} -- the same root MOFO gives as the source of this repo's own N_it_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml, N{-it}V, 'S is without N'; MOFO cross-references that entry's own page, mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-it.html, as a 'Variant' of this one). This -ilaq affix and N_it_Vb are proposed historical relatives ('something without N' vs. 'S is without N'), not the same morpheme and not a collision -- recorded here for cross-reference only, not modeled as a shared underlying_form.", "GENUINE TENSION, not silently resolved: MOFO's General-section table separately labels this affix's own 'Inflection sandhi' facet 'Default/none', yet its Declension-pattern section, on the very same page, gives 'Gemination type: l⇒ll' and a worked paradigm showing a real alternation -- stem before a consonant-initial ending is '-illa' (geminated /l/, e.g. ERG.sg -illap, ERG.pl -illat), stem before a vowel-initial ending is '-ila' (single /l/) -- i.e. a real, morphologically-conditioned gemination is directly attested on the same page that also calls inflection sandhi 'default/none'. Given this in-page tension and the lack of any independent (non-MOFO) source to adjudicate it, application_logic.inflection_sandhi is deliberately left UNSET here rather than force-fit to either 'none' (contradicted by the visible -ila/-illa alternation) or 'geminating' (the value this repo's independently-grounded N_araq_N/N_toqaq_N entries use for the same kind of fact, but those rest on AITWG:§6.6 Definition 6.5 plus Nielsen2012 paradigms this entry does not have) -- matching this repo's established practice of describing an unresolved pattern in prose rather than asserting an enum value the evidence doesn't cleanly support (e.g. N_lik_N, N_nnguaq_N).", "The gemination fact itself (l -> ll before consonant-initial endings, matching MOFO's own 'Gemination type: l⇒ll' facet and its ABS.sg/ERG.sg/ERG.pl paradigm -ilaq/-illap/-illat) is recorded structurally in morphology_class.gemination below, independent of the inflection_sandhi question above.", "Stem type ('Weak q-stem', declension type 'p-declined') maps to stem_type:uvular_deleting_stem / declension_class:p / strength:weak, the same MOFO-facet-to-schema mapping already used by this repo's independently-grounded N_araq_N and N_toqaq_N entries (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) for the identical MOFO facet pair -- here applied on MOFO's own authority alone, since no independent source was found for this specific affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something that is without ___", "da": "noget der er uden ___", "en_short": "something that is without ___", "da_short": "noget der er uden ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as characterized by the total absence of the base noun -- 'something without N'. MOFO tags this affix Tags/List/stem/nonproductive ('It is non-productive but is found in some lexicalised words') -- the tail-tier trigger condition per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy. A real search (not a token grep-and-give-up) for independent corroboration was made in docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md and 4-nominal-modifiers.md (AITWG-Affixes chapters 3-4), the transcribed docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/*.md extracts, and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/*.md, for the bare form and plausible spelling variants (schwa a/i alternations, old-orthography -ilaĸ) -- none was found; the only hits were unrelated false-positive substring matches (the negation verb-ending '-nngilaq', and the noun stem 'ilaqutaq' \"relative/family member\", both formally and semantically unrelated to this affix).", "examples": [ { "surface": "inuilaq", "natural": "desert (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from inuk, 'human being' -- literally 'something without humans')" }, { "surface": "imeqqutaalaq", "natural": "arctic tern, Sterna macrura (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from imeqqutak, 'groin' -- literally 'something without a groin')" }, { "surface": "qajaalaq", "natural": "a lone kayaker (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from qajaq, 'kayak' -- literally 'a place (at sea) that is without kayaks, except one's own')" }, { "surface": "uuilaq", "natural": "(something that is) raw, i.e. unboiled meat or fish (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; the base is unclear -- MOFO compares uueq, 'meat that is being cooked', but does not assert a derivation)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-ilaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qajaalaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qajaalaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qajaalaq" ], "id": "N_ilaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_irut_lost_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a lost or deceased N; historically also a sold N (attested with possessive endings, with the possessor as the person affected)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_irut_lost_N:8807e85c543d", "items": [ { "text": "a lost or deceased N; historically also a sold N (attested with possessive endings, with the possessor as the person affected)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/-irutə", "Kleinschmidt1871:.erut" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-erut", "left_sandhi": "aq_truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-irutə}N, analysed there as a lexicalized combination of two affixes already modeled in this repo: N_iq_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, N{-iq}V, 'Agent deprives Patient of N / removes N from Patient... Patient has lost N') and V_ut_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml, V{-utə}N/V{-(cc)utə}N, 'means/instrument/cause for V-ing'). MOFO's own text states the resulting meaning is that of a passive participle of N_iq_Vb's own intransitive 'has lost N' sense, and notes it is semantically equivalent to a hypothetical N{-iq}V{-ðaq}N combination ('which presumably would yield the form -igaq... but this combination may be preferred, because it is more salient').", "DISAMBIGUATION -- explicitly NOT the same entry as this repo's existing N_irut_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, N{-irut(e)}V, 'A deprives P of N; A removes N from P... there are no more N'): despite the near-identical citation spelling and a shared etymological root (both ultimately built on N{-iq}V), N_irut_Vb is a VERBALIZING affix (N->V, output word class V), while this entry is NOMINALIZING (N->N, output word class N). MOFO documents them as two entirely separate detail pages (nv/-irut(e).html vs nn/-irutə.html), with only this nn-page giving the compositional N{-iq}V + V{-(cc)utə}N breakdown. A genuinely different, sibling affix, not a collision -- flagged here rather than silently conflated, the same treatment already used elsewhere in this repo for other same-root-different-class homographs (e.g. N_lijaq_N vs N_liaq_N).", "left_sandhi:aq_truncative is MOFO's own literal facet on this page ('Left sandhi: Truncative, /aq/ deleting'), and the page's own prose confirms it is inherited unchanged from the leftmost constituent ('Left sandhi is inherited from the left-most component, N{-iq}V') -- the identical left_sandhi:aq_truncative value already established on N_iq_Vb, for the same underlying reason (both entries share the same left edge).", "right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:none are MOFO's own literal 'Default/none' facets for both fields on this page.", "TAIL TIER, not core: the closest independent material found is Nielsen2012's own §7.3 'Historiske tilhæng' (obsolete affixes drawn from Poul Egede's and Otto Fabricius' 18th-century grammars; docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/7.3-historiske-tilhaeng.md), which lists two archaic nominal entries -- '÷ærsiut N_m mistet N; kun med p.e.; sml. ÷erutə' and '÷ærut N_m mistet N; kun med p.e.; sml. ÷erutə' (both glossed 'lost N', nominal, only-with-a-possessive-ending, cross-referenced 'sml.' [compare] to ÷erutə) -- a striking match to this entry's own meaning ('lost N') and to MOFO's own 'always used with possessive endings' claim. This is deliberately NOT treated as full independent corroboration of a modern, productive affix, for three reasons: (a) §7.3's own front matter states plainly that affixes identical or near-identical to modern usage are excluded from this historical appendix and catalogued in §5.x instead -- so Nielsen2012 itself frames ÷ærsiut/÷ærut as archaic, not simply today's form; (b) the cross-reference used is 'sml.' (compare), not 'se' (see/redirects-to) -- a noted resemblance, not an equation; (c) the modern '÷erutə' that Nielsen2012 cross-references to is itself independently defined by Nielsen2012 ONLY as the VERBAL senses '÷erutə- 1'/'÷erutə- 2' (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2, §5.3.1.8.1.1) -- already modeled as this repo's N_irut_Vb, not this NOMINAL entry. No worked example and no direct modern attestation of the nominal 'lost N' sense was found outside MOFO's own page, in a grep of docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md, docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md, and both docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/*.md and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/*.md for 'irut'/'erut' and MOFO's own two cited surface forms (nuleerutaa, avataarutaa) directly. Recorded here as a genuine, relevant lead for docs/investigations/mofo/mofo-parity-tracking.md's follow-up-verification queue, not as grounds for a core-tier classification.", "No worked example independent of MOFO's own two cited examples (both citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) was found in the AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 searches above." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a lost or deceased ___; historically, a sold ___", "en_short": "a lost, deceased, or historically sold ___", "da": "en tabt eller afdød ___; historisk også en solgt ___", "da_short": "en tabt, afdød eller solgt ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a possessed noun as something the possessor has lost -- either an item that has gone missing or been given up (e.g. sold), or, of a person, someone who has died. MOFO says it seems always to take a possessive ending; the cited historical dictionary illustrates both lost and sold senses but does not establish their present-day productivity.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nuleerutaa", "natural": "his lost (deceased) wife (MOFO's own example, citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; likely from nuliaq, 'wife', already independently attested in this repo's N_lik_N entry)" }, { "surface": "avataarutaa", "natural": "his sold sealskin float, or the payment he received for selling it (also listed by Kleinschmidt1871:.erut#e9743; the payment interpretation is MOFO's; no base-noun decomposition is asserted here)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-irutə", "Kleinschmidt1871:.erut#e9743" ], "id": "N_irut_lost_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_kerluk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "something that has a small, bad N (per Jonathan Petersen 1967's Ordbogêraĸ, the sense can also be just 'something that has small/few N', without the 'bad' component)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_kerluk_N:58778e4cbc1c", "items": [ { "text": "something that has a small, bad N (per Jonathan Petersen 1967's Ordbogêraĸ, the sense can also be just 'something that has small/few N', without the 'bad' component)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/-kiqluk", "Kleinschmidt1871:.kerluk" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kerluk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own bracket/morphemic form is N{-kiqluk}N (old orthography -kerdluk); the new-orthography citation form -kerluk is used here as underlying_form and as the basis for this entry's ID, per this repo's established convention of citing the source's own surface citation form rather than its bracket notation.", "MOFO's own 'Description and behaviour' text analyzes this as a non-standard, apparently lexicalized combination of two other morphemes: N{-kit}V ('has small/few', this repo's own N_kit_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml) plus N{(q)luk}N ('bad'/'poor'/'pathetic') -- the second constituent is NOT independently modeled anywhere in this repo's data as of this entry, so this is recorded here as a compositional lead only, not as a cross-reference to a second existing entry.", "The existing sandhi fields were recorded from MOFO. Independently, Kleinschmidt1871:.kerluk#e9824 identifies a bound nominal form with the approximate small-and-bad sense, and prints lowercase atikerluk and atanikerluk derived from at and ataneq. Petersen1967:-kerluk#e12794 prints the same two forms and equates the suffix with -kitsoq. These corroborate the form, meaning and toponymic examples, not a full paradigm or unrestricted common-noun attachment.", "morphology_class.declension_class/strength are deliberately left UNSET: unlike this file's sibling N_valuk_N (MOFO page (q)valuk.html), whose own page has a separate 'Inflection > Declension pattern' table explicitly stating 'Declension type: up-declined', THIS affix's MOFO page (grep-verified: no 'Declension'/'Inflection' section anywhere in the raw HTML) gives no such fact -- only the General table's bare 'Stem type(s): Regular k-stem' facet. Asserting declension_class:up by analogy to N_valuk_N/arfak would overclaim what this specific page actually states." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something that has a small, bad ___", "da": "noget der har en lille, dårlig ___ (kan også bare betyde 'har lidt/få ___', uden det dårlige)", "en_short": "something that has a small, bad ___", "da_short": "noget der har en lille, dårlig ___", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "agreement_variants": { "da": { "common_singular": "lille, dårlig", "neuter_singular": "lille, dårligt", "plural": "små, dårlige", "definite": "lille, dårlige" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as small and (usually) bad, poor, or pathetic -- but per MOFO's own text, 'the meaning \"bad\" may sometimes not be present'. MOFO itself carries the Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag and states plainly 'the affix is not used productively, but may be found in some place-names' -- both examples below are indeed place names cited via MOFO's own Schultz-Lorentzen (1958) source, not ordinary common-noun derivations; no example of this affix attaching to a plain common noun was found in the source.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Atanikerluk", "natural": "a place name (SchultzLorentzen1926:Atanikerluk#e2461); Kleinschmidt1871:.kerluk#e9824 independently prints lowercase atanikerluk derived from ataneq. The detailed two-lakes topography remains MOFO-reported." }, { "surface": "atikerluk", "natural": "a place name (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from {atə}N, 'area below')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-kiqluk", "Kleinschmidt1871:.kerluk#e9824", "Petersen1967:-kerluk#e12794", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15026", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.16030", "SchultzLorentzen1926:Atanikerluk#e2461" ], "id": "N_kerluk_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_kulak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "a clumsy/ugly N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kulak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch2 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO relates N{-kulak}N to nominal N{-kutlak}N. The latter's modern rather-big sense is already represented by N_kullak_N (Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1; Oqaatsit1997:-kullak#e7012). MOFO separately attributes an older clumsy/ugly meaning to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; that historical meaning is not thereby admitted as the modern owner's sense. MOFO gives no example words for -kulak itself, saying examples are under the -kutlak variant instead. Keep this entry's example gap; do not borrow variant examples or infer directly attested -kulak declension from the counterpart.", "MOFO's own declension notes state plainly that 'the inflection is not documented in any dictionary' for -kulak itself; the up-declined, regular-k-stem declension_class/strength values below rest on MOFO's own inference from the -kutlak variant's attestation in Petersen (1967)'s Ordbogêraĸ, not on direct attestation of -kulak -- recorded with that caveat rather than presented as independently confirmed.", "MOFO's own left/right/inflection-sandhi facets (Truncative / Default-none / Default-none) describe ordinary k-final-stem behaviour matching this repo's established denominal_noun_truncating template; taken at face value as a standard pattern, not a claim specific to this affix requiring separate verification.", "Tagged by MOFO as Tags/List/stem/nonproductive -- grounds this entry's tail-tier placement in this file per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy. A real search (docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md, docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/*.md, docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/*.md; grepped for 'kulak', 'kutlak', and the 'clumsy'/'ugly N' gloss) found no independent corroboration in AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012, or Bjornum2012." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a clumsy ___; an ugly ___", "da": "en kluntet ___; en grim ___", "en_short": "a clumsy ___; an ugly ___", "da_short": "en kluntet ___; en grim ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as clumsy or ugly. No dictionary-attested example words exist for this specific citation form -- MOFO's own text states the examples belong to its variant, N{-kutlak}N, instead -- so none are given here rather than invented. No independent corroboration (AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012, Bjornum2012) was found after a real search for 'kulak'/'kutlak' and the 'clumsy/ugly N' gloss across all three; this entry rests on MOFO alone." }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/kulak", "Kleinschmidt1871:.kulak", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "Oqaatsit1997:-kullak#e7012" ], "id": "N_kulak_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_kuluk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "bad/small N (often shading into affectionate/endearing 'dear, sweet N' depending on context and combination)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_kuluk_N:1b50fa5a8b02", "items": [ { "text": "bad/small N (often shading into affectionate/endearing 'dear, sweet N' depending on context and combination)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/kuluk", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kuluk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch2 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-kuluk}N, cited as MOFO:nn/kuluk below to disambiguate from its two MOFO-catalogued variants: V{-kuluk}V (a wholly different verbal affix, 'somewhat; partially', already modeled in this repo as V_kuluk_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml -- a spelling coincidence, not the same morpheme, per MOFO's own page: 'It is unclear how this relates to the meaning of the present affix') and N{kkuluk}N, a geminate-onset nominal variant of THIS SAME affix (not modeled as a separate entry here; see the Nielsen2012 note below).", "left_sandhi:truncative directly transcribes MOFO's own top-level facet label for this entry ('Left sandhi: ... sandhi-truncative (vowel-initial, /kŋrq/ initial, most /l/ initial)'); right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:none likewise mirror MOFO's own 'Right sandhi: Default/none' and 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none' facets.", "MOFO itself gives no worked usage example ('Neither Kleinschmidt [SK71] nor Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58] give any usage examples') and tags this affix Tags/List/stem/nonproductive (grep-verified against the raw HTML) -- routing it to this tail file per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy, despite the independent corroboration found below.", "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012, in two places: §5.5.3.3's own headword '÷(k)kuluk, -uit, kære, søde N' (dear, sweet N) directly matches MOFO's own note that this affix 'can also be used for endearment'; §7.3's historical-affixes appendix cross-references back to it ('÷kuluk, d.s.' -- 'the same [as above]') with a fuller gloss, 'betegner affekt i både negativ og positiv betydning' (denotes affect in both negative and positive meaning), a closer match to MOFO's own two-sided 'bad N'/'small N'-plus-endearment characterization than §5.5.3.3's own narrower 'dear, sweet' gloss alone. Both of Nielsen2012's own worked examples (below) show the GEMINATED 'kkuluk' onset -- i.e. MOFO's own separately-catalogued N{kkuluk}N variant -- not the plain '-kuluk' citation form used as this entry's own underlying_form; recorded here rather than silently normalized. No Bjornum2012 or AITWG-Affixes match was found (grepped docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md, docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md, and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'kuluk' and variants -- no hits).", "The '(k)' in Nielsen2012's own '÷(k)kuluk' headword notation is read here as marking that same optional geminated onset, paralleling AITWG-Affixes' own established '(q)'/'(r)' parenthetical-epenthetic-consonant notation already documented elsewhere in this repo (e.g. N_cuaq_N, N_pak_N) -- a direct structural match to MOFO's own two-variant (-kuluk / kkuluk) analysis, but not independently confirmed against a third source, so not asserted as a schema value." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bad ___; small ___; also 'dear, sweet ___'", "da": "dårlig ___; lille ___", "en_short": "bad ___; small ___", "da_short": "dårlig ___; lille ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as bad or small in some way -- MOFO's own text (paraphrased, not quoted verbatim) describes the core sense as an N judged insufficient in some desirable respect, which can shade toward outright negative ('bad, unclean, pathetic') or, in some combinations, toward affectionate endearment instead (cf. the related N{-kuluŋŋuaq}N, already modeled here as N_kulunnguaq_N). Nielsen2012's own two examples below both show the geminated 'kkuluk' onset variant, attaching to vowel-final hosts (a personal name and the demonstrative pronoun una).", "examples": [ { "surface": "Lenekkuluk", "natural": "sweet Lene (Nielsen2012's example, from the name Lene; -kkuluk, the geminate-onset variant)" }, { "surface": "unakkuluk", "natural": "that lovely one, the hunky one there (Nielsen2012's example, from una, 'that one/him there'; same -kkuluk variant)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/kuluk", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.3" ], "id": "N_kuluk_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_kuluuq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a big N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kulooq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-kuluuq}N (New orthography -kulooq, Old orthography -kulôĸ); this entry's ID uses the bracket-form spelling (kuluuq), and underlying_form uses the New-orthography citation spelling (-kulooq) -- the same ID-vs-underlying_form spelling split already used for this repo's N_kkaluuq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml: bracket kkaluuq vs citation -kkalooq).", "left_sandhi:truncative is MOFO's own directly-stated, unhedged General-table classification for this affix, matching MOFO's own stated criterion for that facet ('vowel-initial, /kŋrq/ initial, most /l/ initial') -- this affix's own /k/-initial onset falls squarely in that set, the same class independently grounded (for numerous sibling entries, though not this specific one) by AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial sandhi-truncative rule, e.g. this repo's N_kkaaq_N/N_kkaluuq_N. right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:none are likewise MOFO's own directly-stated, unhedged 'Default/none' values in the same General table. The cached MOFO HTML explicitly prints Left sandhi: Truncative (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/-kuluuq.html, line 131), while its tracked TOML serialization omits sandhi.left; that is a format discrepancy, not absence of MOFO's attachment testimony. Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1 independently prints ÷kulooq and qujanaq -> qujanakulooq. The cached HTML's declension note (line 182) expressly calls weak-q p-declension an undocumented assumption; that separate uncertainty remains held.", "MOFO's own 'Declension pattern' section (Stem type: Weak q-stem; Declension type: p-declined) is deliberately NOT modeled as a morphology_class field here, despite the General table separately restating 'Stem type(s): Weak q-stem': MOFO's own 'Notes on declension' prose explicitly hedges this as an unconfirmed guess, not an attested fact -- verbatim, 'The declension is not documented anywhere, but in the absence of further examples, we shall assume that it is a p-declined weak q-stem, since that is the most common.' Per this repo's established practice of declining to force an enum value onto genuinely unconfirmed evidence (e.g. N_kuq_N's declined '-ku' vowel-stem allomorph, N_lik_N's declined three-way ergative variation), this is recorded here in prose only, not as morphology_class.stem_type/declension_class/strength.", "Oqaatsit1997:-kulooq#e7013 is an exact dictionary row for the suffix and directly lists agiutikulooq, eqalukulooq, illukulooq, and qujanakulooq. Similar-looking standalone kulooq rows are separate homographs: Oqaatsit1997:kulooq#e6834 glosses a claw/card-suit noun, and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kulooq#e6557 glosses the playing-card suit clubs.", "MOFO analyzes this as N{-kuluk}N plus an unidentified element whose relation to the meaning is unclear. The noun-to-noun N_kuluk_N is separately modeled and cites Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3; this entry remains an atomic affix.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1 independently lists ÷kulooq 'a very large N', with nunakulooq, qujanakulooq and angutikulooq. This corroborates the lexical sense but does not resolve the declension uncertainty noted above." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a big ___", "da": "en stor ___", "en_short": "a big ___", "da_short": "en stor ___", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "agreement_variants": { "da": { "common_singular": "stor", "neuter_singular": "stort", "plural": "store", "definite": "store" } } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives a noun meaning a big/large version of the host noun. Per MOFO's own note, this sense 'may in particular be a South-West Greenlandic meaning'. All four examples below are MOFO's own; MOFO cites all four to the same single dictionary, [CBBJRPIKJR97] Christian Berthelsen, Birgitte Jakobsen, Robert Petersen, Inge Kleivan & Jørgen Rischel (1997): Oqaatsit. MOFO's page separately also lists [JP67] Jonathan Petersen (1967): Ordbogêraĸ and [MF83] Michael Fortescue (1983): A comparative manual of affixes for the Inuit dialects of Greenland, Canada and Alaska among its general sources for the affix's existence, but does not tie either of those two to a specific example word.", "examples": [ { "surface": "agiutikulooq", "natural": "a big file (MOFO's own example, cites Oqaatsit 1997 [CBBJRPIKJR97]; MOFO glosses the base directly: from agiut, 'file; rasp; fiddle bow')" }, { "surface": "eqalukulooq", "natural": "a big arctic char (MOFO's own example, cites Oqaatsit 1997 [CBBJRPIKJR97]; from eqaluk -- MOFO gives no separate gloss for the base here, but 'arctic char' is directly implied by the derived word's own cited gloss)" }, { "surface": "illukulooq", "natural": "a big house (MOFO's own example, cites Oqaatsit 1997 [CBBJRPIKJR97]; from illu, 'house', the same well-attested stem used elsewhere in this repo, e.g. N_giit_N's illugiit)" }, { "surface": "qujanakulooq", "natural": "many thanks; thank you very much (MOFO's own example, cites Oqaatsit 1997 [CBBJRPIKJR97]; from qujanaq, 'thanks', the same stem used elsewhere in this repo, e.g. N_cuaq_N's qujanarujussuaq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-kuluuq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "Oqaatsit1997:-kulooq#e7013", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15602" ], "id": "N_kuluuq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_kulunnguaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "dear/beloved little N (endearment)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kulunnguaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-kuluŋŋuaq}N, glossed as a 'combined affix' fused from two independently-listed MOFO constituents, N{-kuluk}N ('dear N') + N{ŋŋuaq}N ('small/dear N', this repo's own N_nnguaq_N in kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) -- listed on its own dedicated MOFO page (not under mofo-mirror's Combinations/ folder), so treated here as its own candidate morpheme per this initiative's scope, not as a mere compound.", "MOFO's own 'Form and usage' prose states this combined form is 'mentioned in Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58] under the entry for -kuluk, i.e. the constituent' -- i.e. even MOFO's own cited source attests the FUSED form only as a sub-mention inside the -kuluk dictionary entry, not as its own separate Schultz-Lorentzen headword. No independent source (AITWG-Affixes chs.3-4, Nielsen2012, Bjornum2012) was found attesting the fused -kulunnguaq/-kuluŋŋuaq form itself as its own headword; hence tail tier, MOFO-only citation.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3 DOES independently attest the first constituent alone -- its own headword '÷(k)kuluk', glossed 'kære, søde N' (dear, sweet N) -- and this repo's own N_nnguaq_N (nominal_modifiers.yaml) independently attests the second constituent, -nnguaq. Noted here as context on the pieces, NOT treated as corroboration of the fused combination itself, which is a distinct, separately-listed MOFO morpheme with its own (thinner) sourcing. The noun-to-noun -kuluk is separately modeled as N_kuluk_N; the homographic V-to-V V_kuluk_Vb is a different affix.", "Left sandhi: MOFO's page tags this k-initial affix Truncative; consistent with (though not independently re-derived from) AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's general /kŋpqr/-initial-truncative rule already used throughout this repo's independently-sourced k-initial entries -- not cited as independent corroboration of THIS specific affix, only noted as the general rule this MOFO tag is consistent with.", "Right sandhi and inflection sandhi: MOFO's page states both are 'inherited from the right-most component, N{ŋŋuaq}N' -- i.e. from this repo's own already-established N_nnguaq_N entry, whose right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision (final /aq/ drops before vowel-initial endings/affixes) and unset inflection_sandhi are carried over here directly on MOFO's own explicit inheritance statement, matching N_nnguaq_N's own values 1:1.", "Stem type: MOFO's page tags this affix 'Weak q-stem' ('the stem ends in /q/, but this /q/ is always thrown away before any consonant-initial endings') -- the identical MOFO facet already mapped in this repo's schema as weak_qstem->uvular_deleting_stem (convert/grammar_schema.json), and the same facet N_nnguaq_N itself carries; declension_class:up and strength:weak follow directly from that same stem_type per AITWG:§6.4's stem-type grid, mirroring N_nnguaq_N's own morphology_class values exactly (inferred by analogy, not separately confirmed on this page)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dear little ___; beloved little ___", "da": "kære lille ___ (kæleord)", "en_short": "dear little ___; beloved little ___", "da_short": "kære lille ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as dear/beloved -- an endearment fusion of -kuluk ('dear N', independently attested by Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3 and separately modeled as N_kuluk_N) and this repo's own N_nnguaq_N ('small/dear N'). MOFO's own page also cross-references the semantically reversed combination, ŋŋuakkuluk ('poor little N', denoting pity instead of endearment; Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3 independently attests this reversed form too, as '÷nnguakkuluk', 'stakkels lille N') -- separately modeled as N_nnguakkuluk_N in nominal_modifiers.yaml.", "examples": [ { "surface": "meerakulunnguaq", "natural": "dear little child (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from meeraq, 'child')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-kuluŋŋuaq" ], "id": "N_kulunnguaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_lirut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "tool/means to work with N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lerut", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-lirutə}N (New/Old orthography both '-lerut'); ID uses the bracket-form spelling 'lirut' (schwa dropped) per this repo's existing N_valuk_N precedent for MOFO-tail entries, while underlying_form uses the plain citation spelling '-lerut', matching how N_kanniq_N/N_iqniaq_N already split bracket-vs-citation spelling between ID and underlying_form.", "MOFO's own Form-and-usage prose analyses this as an IRREGULAR combination of two affixes already independently modeled elsewhere in this repo: N{-lirə}V ('actor works with N'; this repo's N_lire_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml, left_sandhi:schwa_buffered_truncative) and V{-(cc)utə}N ('tool/means to Vb'; this repo's V_ut_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml), with the source's own /ə/ apparently dropped and replaced by /utə/ -- i.e. a lexicalized N-to-N shortcut around what would otherwise be a two-step N-to-V-to-N derivation. Recorded in prose only; not modeled as a compound of the two other entries, since this schema has no mechanism for that and MOFO itself calls the combination irregular, not a live synchronic derivation.", "MOFO's own Variants field cross-references a second, REGULARLY-formed citation, N{-lirəccutə}N, glossed with 'seemingly the same meaning' -- not modeled as a separate underlying_form or entry, recorded here as a documented variant only.", "left_sandhi -- deliberately NOT copying MOFO's own full three-facet profile (page: 'Truncative, Replacive, /VC/ deleting', stated there to be inherited wholesale from the N{-lirə}V constituent): the page's own single cited example, ukkusissaq ('soap stone', q-final) -> ukkusissalerut, shows only a plain final-/q/ deletion, with no visible gemination, replacement, or syllable loss to evidence the Replacive/'/VC/ deleting' facets specifically for this combined affix (as opposed to for its -lirə constituent alone). Following this repo's own established precedent for exactly this situation (N_lijaq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, which declined to copy the superficially-similar N_liaq_N's left_sandhi:replacive value for the same reason -- 'the more conservative, evidence-matching value instead: truncative'), left_sandhi is set to the plainer, directly-evidenced value truncative rather than replacive.", "DISAMBIGUATION, found during the independent-source search: Nielsen2012 (§5.3.1.8.1, cross-referenced at §5.1.6/§5.1.7 and docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/7.2-derivativer-enklitiske-partikler.md) independently documents a superficially similar citation string '÷liut-' -- but it is a wholly different, ALREADY-DISTINCT verbalizing (N-to-V) affix glossed 'bruge obj som N' ('use obj as N'), not this N-to-N 'tool/means to work with N' affix, and not even the same bracket root (no /r/). A second, unrelated near-miss: both Nielsen2012 (§5.5-nominaltilhaeng.md) and Bjornum2012 (9-affikser.md, s.v. qilerut) independently attest the surface word 'qilerut' ('a band/tie for binding something'), but that is this repo's already-modeled deverbal V_ut_N ('-ut', 'means/instrument for V-ing') attached to the unrelated verb qilerpaa ('he ties it together') -- a coincidental '-ut'-suffix homograph, not this '-lerut' affix. Neither is cited here as corroboration.", "A third, weaker near-miss, also declined: Bjornum2012's own front-matter Kalaallisut-metalanguage glossary (docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/0-forord-og-forspand.md) lists six grammatical-case names built with a visible '-lerut' string -- aallarfilerut ('ablative'), piffilerut ('allative'), atortulerut ('instrumentalis'), sumiiffilerut ('locative'), aqqutilerut ('vialis'), assilerut ('equalis') -- each plausibly parseable as [case-relevant noun] + this affix, under an extended 'grammatical device/means for N' reading of 'tool/means to work with N'. However, Bjornum2012's own dedicated affix list (9-affikser.md) does NOT separately analyse '-lerut' as a headword anywhere, so there is no source-internal confirmation these terminology coinages actually use this bound morpheme (as opposed to a different, unlisted formation) -- especially given how the '÷liut-'/'qilerut' near-misses above already showed how easily similar-looking strings turn out to be unrelated. Declined as independent corroboration rather than silently accepted, per this repo's established practice for shaky near-matches (e.g. N_kkallak_N's declined Nielsen2012 form-mismatch, N_qut_N's declined Bjornum2012 substring match).", "TAIL TIER: no independent (AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/Oqaasileriffik-dicts) source was found that actually analyses this exact N-to-N '-lerut'/'-lirutə' affix (as opposed to the declined near-misses above) after checking docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md and 4-nominal-modifiers.md (no hits at all), the Nielsen2012 extracts, and the Bjornum2012 extracts. MOFO's page carries no Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag, so this rests on the tiering rule's 'no independent source found after a real search' branch, not the nonproductive-tag branch (same situation already documented on V_riut_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tool to work with ___; means to work with ___", "da": "et redskab til at arbejde med ___; et middel til at arbejde med ___", "en_short": "tool to work with ___; means to work with ___", "da_short": "redskab til at ___ med; middel til at ___ med", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukkusissalerut", "natural": "a tool to carve soap stone (MOFO's own example, citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ukkusissaq, 'soap stone' -- host's final /q/ deletes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-lirutə", "Bjornum2012:p.13" ], "id": "N_lirut_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_lerissut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a tool or means for working with N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lerissut", "left_sandhi": "replacive", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Compound affix per MOFO's own Constituents field: N{-lirə}V ('Actor works with N', this repo's already-independently-sourced N_lire_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml) + V{-(cc)utə}N ('tool/means to Vb', this repo's already-independently-sourced V_ut_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml). MOFO's own prose calls this 'a straightforward combination' of those two independently-modeled affixes. No independent source (AITWG-Affixes Chapters 3-4/docs/affixlist, Nielsen2012, Bjornum2012) documents the COMBINED N->N chain itself as its own headword under any plausible spelling (searched 'lerissut'/'liriss'/'lirəccut'/'lirutə'/'lior' and schwa/vowel/consonant variants across docs/affixlist, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik, and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik) -- only the two constituent affixes are independently attested, each separately, elsewhere in this repo. Per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity tiering rule this routes to tail (no independent source found after a real search for THIS specific chained affix), even though no MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag applies to this page (grepped the raw HTML directly; absent).", "MOFO's own top-level facet for this page's left sandhi is 'Truncative, Replacive, /VC/ deleting', explicitly stated to be 'inherited from the left-most component, N{-lirə}V. See this for details' -- confirmed directly against N_lire_Vb's own source page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-lirə.html), which independently carries the identical facet triple. left_sandhi:replacive is used here to match this repo's established mapping for that exact MOFO facet triple elsewhere (N_liaq_N in nominal_extenders.yaml; N_licaaq_Vb and several siblings in denominal_verbs.yaml, e.g. the note at denominal_verbs.yaml around line 708). FLAGGED, not silently resolved: this repo's own pre-existing N_lire_Vb entry (denominal_verbs.yaml) instead models the identical MOFO facet triple on the SAME underlying -lirə component as left_sandhi:schwa_buffered_truncative, reasoning from AITWG-Affixes' 'true schwa-stem' prose rather than from MOFO's own literal left-sandhi facet wording. Both choices have some grounding; this entry follows the majority mapping used elsewhere in the corpus for this exact facet triple, but a reviewer may prefer aligning it with N_lire_Vb's choice instead.", "The cited oqaasilerissutit example has the q-final host oqaaseq 'word'; Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2 independently prints that noun in oqaasileritooq. This example does not decide between the competing replacive and schwa-buffered attachment analyses described above.", "MOFO's own 'Variants' field cross-references a second, irregularly-formed MOFO page with 'seemingly the same meaning', N{-lirutə}N (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/-lirutə) -- already modeled here as N_lirut_N, above in this same file.", "morphology_class.stem_type:alveolar_schwa_stem records MOFO's own 'tə-stem' facet for the DERIVED word (the -lerissut-final noun itself), not to be confused with the -lirə component's own, different 'ə-stem' verb-stem facet -- the same alveolar_schwa_stem <- 'tə-stem' mapping already used for this repo's tə-stem sibling entries (e.g. V_qqut_N, deverbal_nouns.yaml)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a tool or means for working with ___", "da": "et redskab eller middel til at arbejde med ___", "en_short": "a tool or means for working with ___", "da_short": "et redskab eller middel til at arbejde med ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a noun naming a tool or means used for working with/dealing in the base noun -- MOFO's own gloss, 'tool/means to work with N', is a straightforward combination of its two constituent affixes' own meanings (see notes). MOFO's sole cited example is lexicalised as a plural-only word.", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqaasilerissutit", "natural": "grammar, literally 'tools to work with words' (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from oqaaseq, 'word'; lexicalised as plural per MOFO's own note)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-lirəccutə", "SchultzLorentzen1926:oqaasilerissutit", "Oqaatsit1997:oqaasilerissutit", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqaasilerissutit" ], "id": "N_lerissut_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_pilunnguaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a poor, pathetic N (endearing sense; softens -piluk's negative 'bad/evil/wicked N' meaning)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_pilunnguaq_N:9fc35004c24d", "items": [ { "text": "a poor, pathetic N (endearing sense; softens -piluk's negative 'bad/evil/wicked N' meaning)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/piluŋŋuaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-piluk#e9936" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-pilunnguaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-piluŋŋuaq}N, which MOFO itself analyzes as a straightforward combination of two morphemes already independently modeled elsewhere in this repo: N{-piluk}N ('a bad/evil/wicked N', this repo's N_piluk_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) and N{ŋŋuaq}N ('a cute/sweet/dear little N', this repo's N_nnguaq_N, same file) -- per MOFO, the diminutive lessens -piluk's negative meaning into an endearing one. Despite being compositional, MOFO catalogues this as its own numbered morpheme with its own detail page under Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/ (not filed under Morphemes/Combinations/, which this initiative's own CLAUDE.md scope note treats as compounds rather than atomic morphemes) -- treated here as a genuinely separate MOFO-catalogued entry, not a collision with either constituent.", "Left sandhi: MOFO's own page states this composite is ITSELF sandhi-truncative ('vowel-initial, /kŋrq/ initial, most /l/ initial'), directly grounding left_sandhi:truncative, independent of either constituent's own left-edge behaviour.", "Right sandhi: MOFO's own page states right sandhi 'is inherited from the right-most component, N{ŋŋuaq}N', with the same tooltip text used on that constituent's own page ('final /aq/ is dropped before vowel-initial endings and aq-deleting affixes') -- the identical fact already grounding this repo's own N_nnguaq_N right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision value; applied here directly since MOFO explicitly attributes that same behaviour to this composite by name, not merely by structural analogy.", "Inflection sandhi: deliberately left UNSET, despite MOFO's summary table for this page literally reading 'Default/none' -- the page's own prose paragraph immediately below that table instead states inflection sandhi 'is inherited from the right-most component, N{ŋŋuaq}N', a direct self-contradiction within the source page itself (plain no-special-behaviour vs. same-as-ŋŋuaq). This repo's own N_nnguaq_N entry already declines to set inflection_sandhi at all, because Bjornum2012's full declension paradigm for it (Bøjningseksempel 87) shows uniform {aq}-loss across both grammatical and oblique cases with no split matching any established enum value (see that entry's own notes). Given that unresolved complexity on the presumed source, compounded by this page's own internal contradiction, no inflection_sandhi value is asserted here either.", "Stem type: MOFO's own page states 'Stem type(s): Weak q-stem' directly for this composite itself (not merely implied by inheritance) -- mapped to this repo's stem_type:uvular_deleting_stem per the mapping already established and documented in docs/reference/linguistics/aitwg-rule-compliance-audit.md (row: 'stem_type: uvular_deleting_stem | ... stem_type facet: Weak q-stem'). declension_class/strength are deliberately NOT set: no worked declension paradigm for -pilunnguaq itself was found anywhere -- the only cited example, illupilunnguara, is a possessed form, not an ergative-singular/plural paradigm slot that would distinguish declension_class:up from :p -- unlike N_nnguaq_N's own morphology_class values, which rest on a full paradigm table independently given in Bjornum2012.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-piluk#e9936 directly prints illupilunnguara and explains the affectionate use of .-piluk with .nnguaq on one's own poor house. It attests this combination and possessed word within the parent entry, not a separately headed atomic suffix. The earlier failure to find a standalone grammar headword does not negate this primary witness. MOFO cites the historical dictionaries under -piluk; unrestricted productivity and a full paradigm remain unestablished.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-piluk#e9936 directly prints illupilunnguara and explains the affectionate use of .-piluk with .nnguaq. This confirms that attested combination and first-person possessed word, not an independent atomic suffix headword, unrestricted productivity, or a complete paradigm. The previous inorujuk row describes .nnguaq on another base and is not the direct citation for this combination." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a poor, pathetic (but dear) ___", "da": "en stakkels, ynkelig ___ (kærligt ment, blødere end den rent negative form)", "en_short": "a poor, pathetic ___", "da_short": "en stakkels, ynkelig ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Softens N_piluk_N's negative 'bad/evil/wicked N' sense into an affectionate, pitying one -- 'poor, pathetic N' -- by adding the diminutive N_nnguaq_N on top of it.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illupilunnguara", "natural": "my admittedly miserable little house, affectionately (Kleinschmidt1871:.-piluk#e9936 explicitly explains .-piluk with .nnguaq on one's own poor house, which one would not gladly part with; this is a first-person possessed word)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/piluŋŋuaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-piluk#e9936" ], "id": "N_pilunnguaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_qutaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "something with the attributes of N; something pertaining to N (meaning heavily obscured by lexicalization -- MOFO's own text: 'its meaning is not entirely clear, but it seems to be...', an inferred best-effort reading from the six examples below, not a confident definition)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_qutaq_N:63711644d888", "items": [ { "text": "something with the attributes of N; something pertaining to N (meaning heavily obscured by lexicalization -- MOFO's own text: 'its meaning is not entirely clear, but it seems to be...', an inferred best-effort reading from the six examples below, not a confident definition)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/-qutaq", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Rasmussen1893:allequtaq", "Oqaatsit1997:ilaqutaq#e3855", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilaqutaq#e3730" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qutaq", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch2 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_qut_N (already in kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, core tier, underlying_form '-qut', from N{-qutə}N): MOFO's own 'Constituents' field for this page speculatively analyzes -qutaq as N{-qutə}N (= this repo's N_qut_N) + N{taq}N (= this repo's N_taq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, 'an N belonging to/among... part of something made of N') -- but MOFO's own prose immediately hedges this as unconfirmed: 'It is not clear how this extension was created, but I hypothesise that it may be with N{taq}N... by some old, irregular formation process.' This entry therefore models -qutaq as its own distinct, lexicalized, non-productive affix (per MOFO's own page and its own dedicated citation form/declension pattern), not as a live compositional stack of N_qut_N + N_taq_N -- neither independent source found (see below) analyzes any of this entry's own example words that way either; they are catalogued as lexicalized wholes or, in ilaqutaq's case, as an irregular noun.", "DISAMBIGUATION from V_utaq_N (already in kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, tail tier, MOFO:vn/-utaq): MOFO's own N{-qutaq}N page (this entry's source, mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/-qutaq.html) explicitly separates this page's own NOUN-attaching sense from a distinct VERB-attaching sense of the same surface string, stating 'There are also a few examples of words formed with -qutaq from verbal stems; most notably nalunaaqutaq... For this nominalising form, see V{-utaq}N.' nalunaaqutaq (clock/watch, from nalunaarpoq 'he announces something') is therefore deliberately NOT used as an example on this entry -- it is already cited on V_utaq_N, whose own notes independently record that this exact page (N{-qutaq}N) was identified and deliberately left unmodeled: 'possibly by influence from the separate, N-attaching sibling affix N{-qutaq}N, per MOFO's own See also cross-reference; not modeled in this repo -- confirmed absent from kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml and nominal_modifiers.yaml by grep.' This entry closes that gap. scripts/mofo_collision_check.py confirms CLEAR (no collision) for '-qutaq'/'-qqutaq'/'qutaq'/'qqutaq' against every underlying_form in the corpus.", "left_sandhi:irregular: of the six N-attaching example words MOFO's own 'Meanings and examples' accordion cites (all sourced there to Oqaatsit 1997 [CBBJRPIKJR97]), four show the host's own final /q/ deleting before this affix attaches -- allequtaq (from alleq, 'the lowest'), qalequtaq (from qaleq), sanilequtaq (from sanileq), tunulequtaq (from tunuleq) -- consistent with ordinary sandhi-truncative attachment; two (ilaqutaq from ila, qulequtaq from {qulə}N) are vowel-/schwa-final hosts, uninformative either way since there is no final consonant to delete or retain. However, MOFO's own page separately and explicitly flags one possible counterexample: qiteqqutaq ('half a loaf of rye bread', from qiteq, 'middle'), where the host's final /q/ appears to survive and merge with this affix's own initial /q/ (giving a geminate -qq-) rather than being deleted -- MOFO's own text hedges this as 'only a hypothesis' it cannot fully explain. Given a majority-truncative pattern with one source-flagged, unexplained exception, 'irregular' is used rather than a clean 'truncative', mirroring the identical resolution already used for V_utaq_N's own dual Truncative+Irregular MOFO facet.", "inflection_sandhi:geminating / morphology_class.gemination{from: t, to: tt}: independently corroborated beyond MOFO's own claim, though only for the INFLECTIONAL fact, not the derivational one -- Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 ('Svage, geminerende nominer') states 'Alle stammer på -gaq, -raq, -utaq og -seq gemineres', with ilaqutaq itself as its own worked example (ilaqutttap/ilaqutttat/ilaqutttamik, sic triple-t typo for the geminate -tt-); Bjornum2012:K4§2e ('GEMINATION') independently states the identical rule ('alle ord på -gaq, -raq, -utaq og -seq har gemination') with a worked table ('3) -utaq > -uttat') giving BOTH nalunaaqutaq (V_utaq_N's own lexeme) and ilaqutaq (ilaquttap/ilaquttat/ilaquttamik) side by side. Both citations are to each source's own GENERAL nominal-inflection chapter (not their affix-list chapter), and neither source treats ilaqutaq there as an active N_qut_N+N_taq_N-style derivation -- Nielsen2012's own 7.1-uregelmaessige-nominer.md (irregular nominals list) separately catalogues ilaqutaq as a lexicalized irregular noun outright. This is real, if narrow, independent corroboration of the gemination/declension FACTS, not of the affix's own productive N-attaching status -- it does not on its own move this entry to 'core' tier.", "REAL independent-source search performed for the N-attaching sense specifically, not a token grep-and-give-up: docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md and 4-nominal-modifiers.md (AITWG-Affixes Ch.3-4, the N->N chapters) were grepped for 'qutaq'/'qutə'/'qut' -- no headword under any spelling; AITWG-Affixes does not appear to document this affix in either sense. docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ were grepped for 'qutaq' and the six cited example words: both sources' own dedicated affix-list entries for '÷qutaq'/'-qutaq' (5.5-nominaltilhaeng.md; 9-affikser.md) catalogue it ONLY as a V-attaching nominalizer ('middel/årsag til at vb-e; kun leksikaliseret', sole example nalunaaqutaq) -- i.e. both independently corroborate the SIBLING affix already modeled as V_utaq_N, not this entry's own N-attaching sense. No independent source analyzes allequtaq/qalequtaq/qulequtaq/sanilequtaq/tunulequtaq via any affix at all; ilaqutaq appears only as a lexicalized whole (irregular-nominals list; general gemination-rule examples), never decomposed. Qualifies for 'tail' tier on BOTH grounds given in CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy: MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag is present on this page, AND no independent source corroborates this specific (N-attaching) sense of the affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something with the attributes of, or pertaining to, ___", "en_short": "something with the attributes of, or pertaining to, ___", "da": "noget med egenskaberne fra ___; noget der vedrører ___ (betydningen er uklar pga. leksikalisering)", "da_short": "noget med egenskaberne fra ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "t", "to": "tt" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "allequtaq", "natural": "sleeping pad; base of something; undercoat (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997, from alleq, 'the lowest'; host's final /q/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "ilaqutaq", "natural": "family member (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997, from ila, 'member' of some group/whole; vowel-final host; independently, both Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e give this exact word's t=>tt geminating declension -- ilaquttap/ilaquttat/ilaquttamik -- as their own worked example, though both catalogue ilaqutaq itself as a lexicalized/irregular noun rather than an active derivation)" }, { "surface": "qalequtaq", "natural": "pillow case; duvet cover (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; apparently from qaleq, 'ribbon for decorating packages', with the attribute being 'something covering something else'; host's final /q/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "qulequtaq", "natural": "headline; top part of something (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997, from the spatial noun {qulə}N, 'area above'; schwa-final host)" }, { "surface": "sanilequtaq", "natural": "wife; 'woman one lives with' (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997, from sanileq, 'neighbour/person next door'; host's final /q/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "tunulequtaq", "natural": "backer; mastermind; hinterlands; backing; rank; support base (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997, from tunuleq, 'hindmost, one behind something'; host's final /q/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "qiteqqutaq", "natural": "half a loaf of rye bread (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997, from qiteq, 'middle'; a possible exception to the truncative pattern -- host's final /q/ appears retained rather than deleted, geminating with this affix's own initial /q/; MOFO itself calls this 'only a hypothesis')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-qutaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qiteqqutaq#e13343", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Rasmussen1893:allequtaq", "Oqaatsit1997:ilaqutaq#e3855", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilaqutaq#e3730" ], "id": "N_qutaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ralaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a small N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ralaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-ralaaq}N, analyzed there as a fused combination of two other morphemes -- N{-ralak}N + N{-aq}N -- not an atomic affix. Left/right/inflection sandhi are taken directly from this entry's own MOFO table row (Truncative / Default-none / Default-none), not merely inherited by assumption from either constituent, though MOFO's own prose additionally states inflection sandhi is inherited from the right-most component N{-aq}N, and N{-aq}N's own MOFO page independently confirms the identical 'Default/none' value -- consistent, not contradictory.", "NOT a collision with this repo's existing N_ralak_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, AITWG-Affixes+Nielsen2012-sourced, glossed 'a bad/poor N, also used affectionately as dear'): MOFO's own description explicitly says this -ralaaq combination 'appears to only be used in the OLD sense of N{-ralak}N, namely small N' -- i.e. a distinct, older meaning of the -ralak root that AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012 do not document for the modern -ralak affix (their sense is the negative/affectionate 'bad, dear' one, already modeled as N_ralak_N). These are recorded here as two separate morphemes/entries sharing an etymological root but not the same synchronic sense, the same treatment already given to other same-root-different-sense pairs in this repo (e.g. N_tuuq_big_N vs N_tuuq_language_N).", "MOFO describes a weak q-stem. Petersen1951:-ralaaq#e13158 lists saanneralaaq and plural saanneralaat; this contradicts the earlier claim that no inflected form was found, but one plural does not settle the full declension class or strength.", "MOFO calls 'small' an old sense of -ralak and says the combination is absent from Oqaatsit. Neither observation alone establishes present-day disuse or nonproductivity of this combined form.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.ralak#e9940 is the shared literal .ralak, .ralaaq row. It gives the tiny sense, restricts typical use to bases already denoting smallness, and prints mikisoralannguaq, immaralannguaq and immaralaralaralaannguaq. The last is the complete repeated example, including -nnguaq; retain that scope rather than treating it as a bare -ralaaq word. This historical shared row does not transfer the tiny sense to every modern N_ralak_N use." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a small ___", "da": "en lille ___", "en_short": "a small ___", "da_short": "en lille ___", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "agreement_variants": { "da": { "common_singular": "lille", "neuter_singular": "lille", "plural": "små", "definite": "lille", "possessive": "lille" } } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as small, using what MOFO describes as the older small sense of -ralak. Petersen1951:-ralaaq#e13158 lists additional forms, including the plural saanneralaat; their full paradigm remains unverified.", "examples": [ { "surface": "immaralaralaralaannguaq", "natural": "a tiny, tiny, tiny bit (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; this affix stacked three times on a base related to imma-, plus the diminutive N_nnguaq_N; cf. immannguaq, 'a little bit')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/ralaaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.ralak#e9940", "Petersen1951:-ralaaq#e13158", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15026" ], "id": "N_ralaaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_raq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "an area or part of something, oriented in a particular direction (mainly attaches to spatial/positional bases)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_raq_N:b04d916a895e", "items": [ { "text": "an area or part of something, oriented in a particular direction (mainly attaches to spatial/positional bases)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/-raq", "AITWG:§2.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:sioraq#e8228", "Oqaatsit1997:sioraq#e15111", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sioraq#e14191" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-raq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch2 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Non-productive affix: MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag is present on this entry's page (grep-confirmed on the raw HTML), matching its own prose ('This is a non-productive morpheme found in some lexicalised constructions. It does not appear to be listed in any of the ordinary dictionaries...'). MOFO's own single cited source for the affix itself is the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary (Fortescue, Jacobson & Kaplan 2010), which glosses it 'area or part (in a direction)'; MOFO explicitly notes Jonathan Petersen's 1967 Ordbogêraĸ also lists a -raĸ headword, but says its examples show that is a DIFFERENT, unrelated morpheme -- not treated as a second source for this one.", "left_sandhi:truncative rests on MOFO's own directly-stated facet for this entry ('Left sandhi: Truncative'; single /r/-initial, one of the four consonants -- /kŋrq/ -- MOFO's own tooltip names as truncative-triggering). Independently, AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all affixes beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative, no exception clause) covers the identical /r/-initial case, the same reasoning already used in this repo for single r-initial affixes N_rujuk_N/N_rajuk_N/N_ralak_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) -- cited here as additional independent corroboration of the same MOFO-stated fact, not as the sole basis, and not as evidence for this specific affix's existence or meaning (AITWG-Affixes does not document this affix at all -- see the real-search note below).", "right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:geminating are MOFO's own explicit facets for this entry ('Right sandhi: Default/none', 'Inflection sandhi: Geminating'), directly confirmed by MOFO's own worked declension table: stem-before-consonant -qqa, stem-before-vowel -ra, notable forms ABS.sg -raq / ERG.sg -qqap / ERG.pl -qqat -- the same p-declined, weak-q-stem, r=>qq-geminating pattern already modelled in this repo for amiq's m=>mm case (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) and for N_araq_N/N_toqaq_N's own r=>qq and q=>qq cases (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml).", "The general fact that -raq-final weak-stem nouns geminate their /r/ to /qq/ under consonant-initial endings (independent of this specific affix) is separately, directly corroborated by Bjornum2012's own worked example in its general nominal-gemination section (Kap.4 §2e, 'Alle ord på ... -raq > -qqat'): meeraq ('child') -> meeqqap/meeqqat/meeqqamik -- structurally identical to MOFO's own sioraq -> sioqqap/sioqqat paradigm for this affix (see below), differing only in the root. Cited here as corroboration of the general r=>qq stem-class sandhi mechanism only, NOT as an independent source for this affix's own existence, meaning, or productivity -- Bjornum2012 does not discuss a '-raq' affix meaning 'area/part in a direction' anywhere in the transcribed extracts (searched directly).", "REAL independent-source search performed for the affix itself, not a token grep-and-give-up: searched docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md and docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md (AITWG-Affixes Chapters 3-4, the N->N affix chapters, this repo's own transcriptions) for 'raq', 'qqat', 'qqap', and the glosses 'area'/'part'/'direction' -- no matching headword found (the only 'raq' hits in kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml are the unrelated, already-modelled N_araq_N 'a small N' and N_toqaq_N 'an aged/old N', both false-positive substring matches, not this affix). Searched docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for '÷raq', '+raq', '-raq', 'område.*retning' and 'del.*retning' -- the only hits (Bjornum2012's general stem-class gemination note discussed above, and an unrelated lexicalized word 'mar-raq', 'clay/mud', in Bjornum2012 Kap.1) are not this affix. scripts/mofo_collision_check.py returns CLEAR for '-raq', '-qqat', 'raq', 'sivuraq' and 'sioraq' against this repo's existing YAML data. Also grepped kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml and deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml for a V-attaching sibling sense -- no match (the one 'q-initial truncative' hit there, N{-qatə}N, is an unrelated fellowship affix). No independent source found anywhere after this search; qualifies for 'tail' tier on BOTH of CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative grounds (MOFO's own non-productive tag, AND no independent source found).", "Only one combination of this affix is catalogued anywhere in the MOFO mirror (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/Combinations/kl/affix/nn/-raq.html): {sivuraq}N, new orthography sioraq/sioqqat, glossed 'front/foremost area/part of Possessor, the most protruding part (of Possessor), the area/room nearest in front of Possessor'. MOFO's own dedicated page for that word (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/base/n/sivuraq.html) explicitly analyses it as Constituents: {sivu}N + N{-raq}N (this entry) -- i.e. this really is MOFO's own worked example of the affix in use, not a coincidental substring match -- and its own base {sivu}N (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/base/n/sivu.html) is glossed 'a spatial/directional stem... area in front (of Possessor)', directly matching this affix's own 'mainly used on spatial/positional bases' claim on its detail page. The derived word's own declension table (sioqqa before consonant / siora before vowel; ABS.sg sioraq, ERG.sg sioqqap, ERG.pl sioqqat) is structurally identical to this affix's own citation-form declension table, confirming the r=>qq gemination claim above on a real word, not just the abstract paradigm.", "The u+a -> o vowel change visible in siu (the base stem's absolutive form) + -raq -> sioraq is a general Kalaallisut vowel-fusion process at the morpheme boundary, not a property specific to this affix's own left_sandhi -- recorded here in prose only, not modelled as a schema field, since no independent source for that general rule was checked as part of this entry's own research." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "an area or part of s.t. (oriented towards ___)", "da": "et område eller en del af noget (i en bestemt retning)", "en_short": "an area or part of ___ (oriented towards ___)", "da_short": "et område eller en del af ___ (i en bestemt retning)", "options": { "en": { "area": "an area of ___", "part": "part of ___", "directional": "oriented towards ___" }, "da": { "area": "et område af ___", "part": "en del af ___", "directional": "orienteret mod ___" } }, "composition": { "en": "___", "da": "___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a part or area of something, characterised by a direction -- per MOFO's cited source (the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary), 'area or part (in a direction)'. MOFO's own detail page for this affix gives no worked example itself (its 'Meanings and examples' section is empty); the only example anywhere in the MOFO mirror is the single cross-referenced combination below, from MOFO's own {sivu}N (a dependent spatial root, 'area in front of Possessor') + this affix.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sioraq", "natural": "face; also glossed 'the most protruding part' (of the face) (MOFO's own example, from {sivu}N 'area in front of Possessor' + this affix; MOFO cites Berthelsen et al. 1997, Oqaatsit, for the 'face' sense and Kleinschmidt 1871 for the underlying 'front/foremost part' gloss -- from MOFO's own dedicated {sivuraq}N page, not this affix's own detail page)" }, { "surface": "sioqqat", "natural": "sealskin embroidery on the front of women's traditional boots or trousers, part of the national costume (MOFO's own example, absolutive plural of sioraq; MOFO cites Rasmussen 1893)" }, { "surface": "sioraanit ornippaa", "natural": "he approached it from straight ahead (MOFO's own example, from sioraq with the ablative case and possessive ending; MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871)" }, { "surface": "nunap sioraa", "natural": "the open sea before (some place in) the land (MOFO's own example, sioraq with 3sg possessive; MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-raq", "AITWG:§2.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:sioraq#e8228", "Oqaatsit1997:sioraq#e15111", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sioraq#e14191" ], "id": "N_raq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_rujaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "an extension of N -- something added onto N (physically, or extending N's capabilities); a non-productive affix found only in a number of lexicalised words, and its exact sense is disputed across dictionaries", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_rujaq_N:e22c6f160f59", "items": [ { "text": "an extension of N -- something added onto N (physically, or extending N's capabilities); a non-productive affix found only in a number of lexicalised words, and its exact sense is disputed across dictionaries", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/-ru(j)aq", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:uliguaq", "Oqaatsit1997:uliguaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uliguaq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ruaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch2 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-ru(j)aq}N, tagged Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; its own Left sandhi facet co-lists 'Truncative' AND 'Irregular'. The base value asserted here is left_sandhi:truncative, per the source's own base-case prose ('The affix is truncative... on all other [non-k-final] stems, it appears as -ruaq as expected'), following this repo's established one-value-of-several-co-listed-values approach (e.g. N_giit_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml). The 'Irregular' co-tag is real, not glossed over: on k-final stems the affix instead surfaces as -guaq (e.g. qanaguaq, uliguaq, ipaguaq -- MOFO's own examples), and MOFO's own text flags at least one outright counter-example to that own k-stem sub-rule -- nukeruaq, from a stem MOFO analyses as k-final (nuki(k), 'muscle strength'), which nonetheless takes -ruaq rather than the expected -guaq. -guaq is not modeled as a second underlying_form entry; it is documented in prose only, matching this repo's established treatment of MOFO/AITWG-Affixes-documented allomorphs elsewhere.", "Issue #[n/a, ad-hoc research pass] follow-up: re-read MOFO's own page in full (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/-ru(j)aq.html) to check whether the k-final-stem->-guaq sub-rule, with nukeruaq as its single stated exception, is really the complete picture (a shape closer to V_soq_N's i1-exception than to a genuinely unpredictable case) -- it is not. MOFO's own full examples list (only partially quoted in the note above and in pedagogy.examples) includes a SECOND, unflagged k-final-stem counter-example: 'kameruaq, pull-over boot... From kamik, boot' -- kamik is an ordinary, common k-final noun stem (this repo has no stems/nouns.yaml entry for it yet), and it takes -ruaq, not the -guaq the k-stem sub-rule would predict, exactly like nukeruaq, but MOFO's own prose does not flag it as a counter-example the way it flags nukeruaq. python scripts/daka_source_search.py -- kameruaq confirms independent attestation across Kleinschmidt1871, SchultzLorentzen1926, SchultzLorentzen1927, Petersen1951, Petersen1967, and Ordbogen2003 -- all giving the identical kamik-derived 'overtræksstøvle/pull-over boot' sense, so this is not a mirror transcription artifact. Petersen1951/Petersen1967's own '-ruaq' entry cross-references '-guaq' directly ('itersaruaq, nukeruaq, isaruaq; uss: isarussat. tak: -guaq'), independently corroborating that dictionary-makers themselves treated the split as unsettled rather than a clean directional default. Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 were also checked (grep 'guaq'/'ruaq' across docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/): neither discusses a k-stem->-guaq sub-rule for this affix at all -- their only overlap with this entry is both independently corroborating isaruaq's own gemination paradigm (already cited above), not the left-sandhi split. CONCLUSION: with two attested, differently-behaving k-final-stem hosts among MOFO's own five -ruaq/-guaq examples (qanak/ulik/ipak taking -guaq vs. nuki(k)/kamik taking -ruaq) and zero independent corroboration of a directional default either way, this is NOT the V_soq_N shape (clean rule, one nameable exception) -- it remains genuinely irregular/unpredictable per-lexeme, matching MOFO's own 'Irregular' co-tag at face value. A second, independent blocker: even if the split were clean, none of the five host stems (qanak, ulik, ipak, nuki(k)/nukik, kamik) has a kalaallisut_data/stems/ entry with a declared morphology_class.stem_type to key an allomorphs-by-stem_type rule on (the same limitation V_soq_N hit with its derived-verb host), so application_logic.allomorphs could not be populated from this repo's own data even if the linguistic case were clean. Decision: no schema-level modeling added (no application_logic.allomorphs, no lexical_overrides) -- left_sandhi:truncative plus this prose note remains the accurate, honest representation. kameruaq added to pedagogy.examples below as the second counter-example, since it is independently attested and materially changes the picture from 'one exception' to 'unresolved two-way split on k-stems'.", "inflection_sandhi:injection is a direct structural parallel to this repo's own naaq stem entry (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) and to N_lijaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml), the first entry to apply this value to a DERIVATIONAL AFFIX rather than a bare stem: MOFO's own bracket notation N{-ru(j)aq}N marks a /j/ present in the phonemic form but absent from the plain citation form '-ruaq', which MOFO says (citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1951 and Petersen 1967) resurfaces and geminates to [cc] (spelt 'ss') specifically under inflection with consonant-initial endings -- e.g. /ruaq/ -> [rucc-at] in the plural, giving -russat. MOFO's own declension-pattern table separately co-lists this as 'Declension sandhi: Geminating' plus 'Gemination type: j⇒cc', both cross-referencing the same fact, not separate schema values. Per naaq's and N_lijaq_N's own established precedent, morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately NOT set here either: that struct's existing usage always names a consonant already visible in the citation form, and there is no such visible 'from' consonant in the citation form '-ruaq' to name; the injection is described in prose only.", "Independent corroboration found is for the underlying PHONOLOGICAL PATTERN and a shared lexeme, not for productivity: both Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.1.3, its own '-uaq -> -ussat' gemination-of-an-unwritten-consonant table) and Bjornum2012 (K4§2e, gemination pattern nr. 22 of the exact same 'unwritten j/v/g' table that this repo's own naaq entry already cites as nr. 17) independently list the identical lexicalised word isaruaq/isarussat ('glasses') with the identical declension pattern MOFO's own page describes for this affix. Neither source treats -ruaq/-guaq as a live, productive N-to-N derivational affix, however: both catalogue isaruaq only as an irregular/lexicalised noun paradigm, alongside naaq and other similarly irregular nominals -- corroborating MOFO's own nonproductive tag rather than contradicting it. Per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative tiering rule, this keeps the entry at 'tail' tier despite the real independent corroboration found, matching the precedent already set by this file's own N_miu_N and N_valuk_N entries (both independently corroborated, both still filed here rather than promoted to nominal_extenders.yaml/nominal_modifiers.yaml, since neither source attests PRODUCTIVE use)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "an extension of ___; something added onto ___", "en_short": "an extension of ___", "da": "en forlængelse af ___; noget der er føjet til ___ (fysisk, eller som udvider ___s evner)", "da_short": "en forlængelse af ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Denotes something that extends the host noun -- either physically added on top of it, or extending its capabilities -- per MOFO's own tentative synthesis of three disagreeing dictionary glosses (Kleinschmidt: 'an N of minor significance'; Schultz-Lorentzen: 'something added to N'; the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 'something on top of N'). A non-productive affix found only in a fixed set of lexicalised words; do not treat this as a live word-formation rule.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qanaguaq", "natural": "auxiliary tent pole; auxiliary roof beam (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from qanak, 'ridge pole of a tent' -- a k-final stem, illustrating the -guaq allomorph)" }, { "surface": "uliguaq", "natural": "a cape (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ulik, 'cover, blanket, shawl, tarpaulin' -- another k-final stem taking -guaq)" }, { "surface": "itersaruaq", "natural": "a pock mark (MOFO cites Petersen 1967; from itersaq, 'a depression, a low place on a surface' -- a q-final stem taking the default -ruaq form, 'as expected')" }, { "surface": "nukeruaq", "natural": "sinew; tendon; ligament (MOFO cites Petersen 1967, also Kleinschmidt 1871: 'roots extending from a tree'; from nuki(k), '(muscle) strength, power' -- MOFO itself flags this as a likely counter-example to the k-stem -guaq sub-rule, since a k-final stem would be expected to take -guaq here instead)" }, { "surface": "kameruaq", "natural": "pull-over boot; deerskin boot, worn hair-outward (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from kamik, 'boot' -- another k-final stem, and a second, unflagged counter-example to the k-stem -guaq sub-rule alongside nukeruaq; independently attested with the identical kamik-derived sense by Kleinschmidt1871, SchultzLorentzen1926, SchultzLorentzen1927, Petersen1951/1967 and Ordbogen2003, per python scripts/daka_source_search.py -- kameruaq)" }, { "surface": "isarussat", "natural": "glasses (plural; singular isaruaq; MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from {əcə}N 'eye' with an unexplained ə->a shift; independently attested with the identical gemination pattern by both Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e, item nr. 22 of the same 'unwritten j/v/g gemination' table that also lists this repo's own naaq stem entry as item nr. 17)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-ru(j)aq", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:uliguaq", "Oqaatsit1997:uliguaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uliguaq" ], "id": "N_rujaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ruluk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "unusual N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ruluk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch2 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-ruluk}N. MOFO's page states this is 'a non-productive, nominal variant of' its own V{-ruluk}V entry (this repo's already-existing V_ruluk_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'to Vb hard/violently') -- a genuinely different, sibling affix in a different word class (V->V, not N->N), not the same morpheme and not cited as corroboration here. Kleinschmidt [SK71] notes this nominal use 'is very rarely used'; MOFO's own Tags section marks this entry Tags/List/stem/nonproductive.", "MOFO's own Left sandhi facet is 'Truncative' (tooltip: vowel-initial, /kŋrq/-initial, and most /l/-initial affixes take this value) -- this affix's own onset /r/ falls in that class, and independently matches AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule that /kŋpqr/-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative, the same rule already grounding left_sandhi:truncative on this repo's own N_kkaaq_N, N_ngaaq_N, etc. No worked example showing a host's own final consonant actually deleting before this affix was found on MOFO's page or in any independently-sourced material searched for this entry, so this is recorded as consistent with the general rule, not as a source-confirmed example specific to this affix.", "MOFO's own declension table gives stem-before-consonant -ruluk / stem-before-vowel -rulu, with notable forms ABS.sg -ruluk, ERG.sg -ruluup, ERG.pl -ruluit. MOFO's own page explicitly flags this paradigm as its own inference, not a directly-attested one: 'The inflection is not documented anywhere. Thus we assume it declines like a regular k-stem with up-declension.' morphology_class mirrors this repo's existing N_valuk_N entry's own established MOFO-facet mapping ('Regular k-stem' -> velar_retaining_stem, 'up-declined' -> declension_class:up, strength:regular) as the closest existing precedent for a MOFO 'Regular k-stem'/'up-declined' N->N affix in this file." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "unusual ___", "da": "usædvanlig ___", "en_short": "unusual ___", "da_short": "usædvanlig ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "No independent corroboration was found after a real search: the bare form 'ruluk' and plausible spelling variants do not appear in docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md, docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md, the Nielsen2012 extracts (docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/), or the Bjornum2012 extracts (docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/). A hit for 'ruluk' does exist in docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md and this repo's own V_ruluk_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml), but that is the different, verb-attaching sibling MOFO's own page separately links as a 'Variant' ('to Vb hard/violently'), not this noun-attaching 'unusual N' sense -- not cited as corroboration. MOFO's own page attributes this N->N sense to Kleinschmidt (1871) and Schultz-Lorentzen (1958) alone and marks it non-productive -- both independently justify tail-tier MOFO-only citation per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy.", "examples": [ { "surface": "mikisoruluk", "natural": "(one that is) unusually small (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from mikisoq, '(one that is) small')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-ruluk", "Kleinschmidt1871:.ruluk" ], "id": "N_ruluk_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_rusiq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "a secondary, subordinate, or 'half' N (e.g. a deputy/assistant holder of the N role)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_rusiq_N:e595856774cd", "items": [ { "text": "a secondary, subordinate, or 'half' N (e.g. a deputy/assistant holder of the N role)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/-rusiq", "Kleinschmidt1871:niuertoruseq", "Oqaatsit1997:niuertoruseq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niuertoruseq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ruseq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch3 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form for this affix is N{-rusiq}N (phonemic notation; New orthography -ruseq, Old orthography -ruseĸ). The leading hyphen plus the affix's own /r/-initial onset directly matches AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all affixes beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative) -- grounding left_sandhi:truncative here on the same basis already used for this repo's other r-initial siblings N_rajuk_N/N_ralak_N/N_rujuk_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml). MOFO's own cited example set directly confirms this with host-final-consonant deletion: aquttoq ('helmsman', q-final) -> aquttoruseq, and pooq ('bag', q-final) -> pooruseq both show the host's own /q/ deleted before this affix attaches. inuk ('human', k-final) -> inoruseq shows the same deletion on a /k/-final host, with the preceding /u/ independently lowering to 'o' before the affix's own uvular /r/ -- an ordinary Kalaallisut vowel-lowering rule on the host's own side of the boundary, not a property of this affix itself.", "right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:geminating are taken directly from MOFO's own facet table for this entry ('Right sandhi: Default/none'; 'Inflection sandhi: Geminating' / 'Declension sandhi: Geminating', both citing the identical /s/-doubles-to-[tc] alternation, spelt 'ts' -- e.g. -ruseq -> -rutsip in ergative singular).", "MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag is set on this entry (grep-confirmed in the raw HTML: 'Tags/List/stem/nonproductive'). MOFO's own 'Form and usage' prose states the affix 'does not appear to be used productively, but it is found in a number of lexicalised words, where it denotes an N, that is somehow secondary or half-N'. Combined with the independent-source search below turning up nothing, this places the entry squarely in this repo's 'tail' tier per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy.", "No independent corroboration was found: searched docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md and 4-nominal-modifiers.md (AITWG-Affixes chapters 3-4, the primary expected source for this N->N category), docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/*.md (Nielsen2012), and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/*.md (Bjornum2012) for the bare form and plausible spelling variants (rusiq/ruseq/ruseĸ/rusəq/rutsi/rutci) -- no hits in any of the three. This repo's own existing data (nominal_extenders.yaml, nominal_modifiers.yaml, this file, and deverbal_nouns.yaml/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, checked in case a V-attaching sibling sense already existed) also has no existing entry for this affix under any citation style -- confirmed both by scripts/mofo_collision_check.py (CLEAR against -ruseq, -rusiq, and the old-orthography -ruseĸ form) andby manual review -- genuinely new to this repo, not a collision." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a secondary, subordinate, or 'half' ___", "da": "en sekundær, underordnet eller 'halv' ___ (f.eks. en stedfortræder)", "en_short": "a secondary, subordinate, or 'half' ___", "da_short": "en sekundær, underordnet eller 'halv' ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives a noun meaning a secondary, subordinate, or 'half' version of the host noun -- often a deputy or assistant holder of a role (e.g. an assistant storekeeper, an assistant catechist), but also used for a genuinely 'half' or secondary version of a thing (a half-human creature of Inuit mythology; a bag serving a secondary storage purpose). Per MOFO's own note, non-productive today and found only in a small set of lexicalized words; all five of MOFO's own cited examples are used below, none invented. All five are cited by MOFO to Schultz-Lorentzen (1958), Den Grønlandske Ordbog.", "examples": [ { "surface": "niuertoruseq", "natural": "assistant storekeeper; village manager (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" }, { "surface": "ajoqeruseq", "natural": "assistant catechist (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ajoqi, 'catechist')" }, { "surface": "aquttoruseq", "natural": "helmsman of second rank (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from aquttoq, 'helmsman' -- illustrates this affix's own left_sandhi:truncative, the host's final /q/ deleting)" }, { "surface": "inoruseq", "natural": "half-human; a creature from Inuit mythology (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from inuk, 'human' -- host's final /k/ deletes, with the preceding /u/ lowering to 'o' before the affix's own uvular /r/)" }, { "surface": "pooruseq", "natural": "a sealskin bag for keeping blubber in (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from pooq, 'bag' -- host's final /q/ deletes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-rusiq", "Kleinschmidt1871:niuertoruseq", "Oqaatsit1997:niuertoruseq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niuertoruseq" ], "id": "N_rusiq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ruusaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a poor/bad N (often a sign of modesty when speaking of one's own possessions; purely negative/pejorative when speaking of others')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ruusaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-ruucaq}N (plain r-initial, no parenthetical elements). MOFO's own 'New orthography' citation -ruusaq (old orthography -rûssaĸ) is used here as underlying_form and as the basis of this entry's ID, per this repo's established convention of citing the source's modern-spelling citation form -- the same bracket-c/citation-s spelling correspondence already flagged on this repo's N_usaq_N/N_ssiaq_N/N_usiaq_N entries (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml).", "left_sandhi:truncative rests on MOFO's own explicit 'Left sandhi: Truncative' facet ('vowel-initial, /kŋrq/ initial, most /l/ initial'; this affix's initial /r/ falls in that class) plus independent grounding via AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's own blanket rule (all affixes beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative, no exception clause) -- the SAME already-established general rule this repo cites for its other r/k/ŋ/p/q-initial affixes (e.g. N_kkaaq_N, N_rajuk_N). This AITWG:§2.4 citation grounds only that general sandhi rule; it is NOT independent corroboration of THIS SPECIFIC affix's existence, form, or meaning, which rests on MOFO alone -- a real search of AITWG-Affixes Chapters 3 ('nominal extenders', docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md) and 4 ('nominal modifiers', docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md), both read here in full, turned up no '-ruucaq'/'-ruusaq' headword at all (Chapter 4 lists several other semantically-adjacent 'bad/poor N' affixes instead: -kasik/-kassak, -pajuk, -palaaq, -piluk, -rajuk, -ralak, -rujuk, none matching this form); the Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 transcribed extracts were also grepped for 'ruusaq'/'ruucaq'/'rûssa' with no hits. This entry therefore stays tail-tier, MOFO:-only, per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity policy.", "Directly confirmed by MOFO's own cited examples, not just the general rule: piniartoq ('hunter', q-final) -> piniartoruusaq and qimmeq ('dog', q-final) -> qimmeruusaq both show the host's final /q/ deleted before this affix attaches, and qipik ('duvet', k-final) -> qiperuusaq shows the same deletion of a final /k/ -- repeated, consistent truncative evidence across two different host-final consonants.", "A regularity visible across every MOFO-cited example, not modeled as a schema field: whenever the segment immediately preceding this affix's own initial /r/ is /i/ or /u/ -- whether the host is directly vowel-final (ajoqi -> ajoqeruusaq, palasi -> palaseruusaq, illu -> illoruusaq) or that vowel is exposed by truncation of a preceding consonant (qipik -> qipe-ruusaq) -- it lowers to /e/ or /o/ respectively; hosts already ending in /o/ or /e/ after truncation (piniartoq -> piniarto-, qimmeq -> qimme-) show no further change. Almost certainly the same general pre-/r/ vowel-lowering process already noted on this repo's N_iqniaq_N entry (there affecting the AFFIX's own initial vowel; here affecting the HOST's final vowel instead) -- a host-side phonological regularity, not something specific to this affix's own left-edge sandhi, so not modeled as a separate field here.", "MOFO's own illeruusaq example (from illit, the 2sg independent pronoun, 'here treated as a noun stem') does not obviously fit even that vowel-lowering pattern -- illit's own final -it is lost outright, not merely lowered. Flagged as a genuinely unclear, marginal derivation on a pronoun-as-stem rather than an ordinary noun host; not forced into the same account as the other examples.", "DISAMBIGUATION: MOFO's own 'Form and usage' section states, citing the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary (Fortescue/Jacobson/Kaplan 2010), that this affix derives historically from the SAME root as this repo's own N_usaq_N (N{-ucaq}N, 'something that looks like N', {ŋuðaʀaʀ-}) but with a now-distinct meaning ('poor/bad N' vs. 'looks like N'). A shared historical root, not the same synchronic affix -- not modeled as a cross-reference beyond this note, matching this repo's existing N_liaq_N/N_lijaq_N disambiguation precedent for two affixes sharing a root but diverging in modern meaning.", "MOFO also documents a separate verbal variant, V{-ruucaq}V (identical citation spelling, attaching to VERB stems instead of nouns) -- not modeled here, a different word-class affix.", "morphology_class (stem_type/declension_class/strength) is deliberately left UNSET, despite MOFO's top-level 'Stem type(s): Weak q-stem' / 'Declension type: p-declined' facets and its own worked ABS.sg/ERG.sg/ERG.pl paradigm (-rusaq/-rusap/-rusat): MOFO's own 'Notes on declension' state outright that this affix's further inflection 'is not documented anywhere' in any of its three cited sources, and that the paradigm shown is MOFO's own ASSUMPTION ('we assume it declines regularly like a weak q-stem with p-declension'), not attested data -- per this task's 'use real data only' constraint, this is recorded here in prose as a hedged, unconfirmed cross-reference only, not asserted as a schema field." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a poor ___; a bad ___", "da": "en fattig ___; en dårlig ___ (ofte beskedent ment om ens egne ting; rent nedsættende om andres)", "en_short": "a poor ___; a bad ___", "da_short": "en fattig ___; en dårlig ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as poor, bad, or pitiable. Per Schultz-Lorentzen (1958), used as a sign of modesty specifically when the speaker is talking about his own possessions; when speaking of others' possessions, the sense is simply negative. No independent source (AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/Oqaasileriffik-dicts) was found for this affix after a real search -- see the left_sandhi note above for what was checked -- so this entry is MOFO-only and tail-tier per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity policy (issue #198).", "examples": [ { "surface": "ajoqeruusaq", "natural": "an insignificant catechist (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ajoqi, 'catechist')" }, { "surface": "palaseruusaq", "natural": "a pathetic priest (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from palasi, 'priest')" }, { "surface": "piniartoruusaq", "natural": "a poor/bad hunter (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from piniartoq, 'hunter' -- host's final /q/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "illoruusaq", "natural": "a bad house (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from illu, 'house')" }, { "surface": "qimmeruusaq", "natural": "a pathetic dog (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from qimmeq, 'dog' -- host's final /q/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "qiperuusaq", "natural": "a bad duvet/blanket (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from qipik, 'duvet; blanket' -- host's final /k/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "illeruusaq", "natural": "thou fool (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from illit, the 2sg independent pronoun, 'here treated as a noun stem' -- a marginal, not fully regular derivation, see notes above)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-ruucaq", "AITWG:§2.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-ruusaq" ], "id": "N_ruusaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_suk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "a big N (MOFO hedges 'possibly also bad N', unconfirmed)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_suk_N:3debb679dea2", "items": [ { "text": "a big N (MOFO hedges 'possibly also bad N', unconfirmed)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/-suk" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-suk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch3 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own citation is internally split on the leading sandhi mark: its general-facts table's 'New orthography' field prints '+suk' (an additive-sandhi mark, per AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5's convention), but its 'Old orthography' field prints '-suk, -ssuk' (truncative-marked), and its own separate 'Declension pattern' table (stem-before-consonant/stem-before-vowel columns, both New and Phonemic orthography rows) consistently uses the hyphen form throughout -- matching the page's own explicit 'Left sandhi: Truncative' facet. underlying_form here follows the hyphen form and that explicit Truncative facet; the lone '+' in the general table's New-orthography field is treated as a probable data-entry inconsistency on MOFO's own page, not evidence of additive attachment.", "MOFO's own etymological claim -- that this derives from a reconstructed root {cuɣ}, 'big/bad N', per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary (Fortescue, Jacobson & Kaplan 2010, MOFO's own [MFSJLK10] source code) -- is recorded here as MOFO's own claim only. That dictionary is a different work from this repo's own cited 'Fortescue1984' (M. Fortescue, West Greenlandic, 1984) and is not itself a source this repo has checked in or independently verified; not re-asserted as independently corroborated.", "TIER/PRODUCTIVITY: MOFO's own Tags section marks this affix Tags/List/stem/nonproductive ('Non-productive morpheme'), and its own prose states plainly: 'This is a non-productive morpheme found in some lexicalised words... As the affix is not mentioned in any of the traditional dictionaries, there are no examples.' A real search (not a token grep-and-give-up) of AITWG-Affixes' own Chapter 3 (nominal extenders) and Chapter 4 (nominal modifiers) lists (docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md, 4-nominal-modifiers.md -- the primary expected source for this N->N category) found no headword resembling 'suk' at all. Nielsen2012's full transcribed extract tree was grepped broadly for 'suk' and its plausible variants: the only near-misses are two cross-reference redirects in its own §7.3 ('Historiske tilhæng', obsolete/historical affixes) -- '÷suk- 1, se ÷gug-' and '÷suk- 2, se ÷rusug-' -- both of which redirect AWAY from this meaning, to a modern V-forming verbalizer ('÷gug- Vb_r, tørste/længes efter N', 'to thirst/long for N', §5.3.1.3) and to the desiderative ('÷rusug- Vb_e, vil gerne vb-e', 'wants to Vb', §5.3.2.2, already independently modeled in this repo as V_rusuk_N's MOFO:vn/(q)gusuk citation) respectively -- different word class, different meaning, deliberately declined as corroboration rather than conflated. A third near-miss, '+kusuk N_m, stakkels N' ('poor N', also §7.3), was likewise declined: a different, longer form (an extra /ku/ syllable) with no MOFO-documented link to this specific -suk/-ssuk headword -- the same declined-near-miss treatment this exact '+kusuk' entry already gets from this repo's own V_rusuk_N entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) for an unrelated V->N sibling affix. Bjornum2012's full transcribed extract tree was also grepped for 'suk' -- no headword matches this meaning; the only hits are unrelated lexicalized words merely containing the bare substring (e.g. sukkulivik 'sugar bowl', from sukkoq 'a piece of sugar'; qitsuk 'cat'). Per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative hybrid-by-tier policy, this is therefore a tail-tier, MOFO:-only entry.", "DISTINCT from this repo's own N_cuaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, underlying_form '+(r)suaq', 'a big, bad, or naughty N') despite the overlapping 'big/bad N' gloss: different underlying form (-suk vs. +(r)suaq), and MOFO itself treats N_cuaq_N's own +(r)suaq as a fully productive, richly cross-source-attested modern affix while treating this -suk entry as non-productive and undocumented in any dictionary -- not the same morpheme, and not modeled as a variant of it here.", "No worked example is given anywhere in MOFO's own page (its own text: 'there are no examples'); none is fabricated here, so pedagogy.examples is omitted rather than populated with an invented form." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a big ___", "da": "en stor ___ (muligvis også dårlig ___, ubekræftet)", "en_short": "a big ___", "da_short": "en stor ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as big (and, per MOFO's own hedge, possibly also bad) -- but MOFO's own page is explicit that this is a non-productive, lexicalized-only morpheme absent from every traditional dictionary it checked, with no attested example word of its own. No example is given here rather than inventing one." }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-suk" ], "id": "N_suk_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_sussuk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "huge N (per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, MFSJLK10); a moderately large N (per Ordbogeeraq, JP67 -- the only sense with worked examples)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_sussuk_N:03c3aca7d81c", "items": [ { "text": "huge N (per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, MFSJLK10); a moderately large N (per Ordbogeeraq, JP67 -- the only sense with worked examples)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/-sukcuk", "Ordbogi1977:qeqertasussuk", "Oqaatsit1997:qeqertasussuk", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qeqertasussuk" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-sussuk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch3 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-sukcuk}N, decomposed there as a combination of two constituents: N{-suk}N + N{suk}N. New orthography per MOFO's table is -sussuk (used here as underlying_form, per this repo's citation-over-bracket-form convention); old orthography is -sugssuk.", "left_sandhi:truncative is MOFO's own top-level facet ('Left sandhi: Truncative'), and is directly confirmed by all three of MOFO's own cited example words, each showing the host's own final consonant deleted before this affix attaches: ujarak ('stone', k-final) -> ujarasussuk; qeqertaq ('island', q-final) -> qeqertasussuk; igimaraq (a variant of igimaaq, 'bladder arrow head of iron', q-final) -> igimarasussuk. right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:none directly transcribe MOFO's own remaining two facets ('Right sandhi: Default/none'; 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none').", "MOFO's own page presents two glosses under one entry rather than resolving them into one: an unglossed, unexemplified 'huge N' sense attributed to the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary (Fortescue, Jacobson & Kaplan 2010, MFSJLK10), and a separately exemplified 'moderately large N' sense attributed to Jonathan Petersen's 1967 Ordbogeeraq (JP67), which supplies all three worked examples used below. Both glosses are recorded in lexical_facts.meaning rather than silently picking one, since MOFO itself does not reconcile them and no worked example exists for the 'huge' sense to check against.", "MOFO marks the affix nonproductive and reports older-text use. Petersen1967:-sussuk#e13387 independently lists the suffix and three forms; Oqaatsit1997:qeqertasussuk#e12861 glosses the island example as moderately large. Those rows do not attest the separate 'huge' sense or establish present-day productivity.", "scripts/mofo_collision_check.py was run against both the New-orthography form (-sussuk), the Old-orthography form (-sugssuk), and the bare morphemic-form root (sukcuk/-sukcuk): all four returned CLEAR, no collision. All three of this repo's own destination files (nominal_extenders.yaml, nominal_modifiers.yaml, denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) were also read in full and eyeballed; no same-affix entry was found under a different citation style. kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml and deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml were grepped for 'suk'-containing IDs too: the only hits (V_rusuk_N, MOFO:vn/(q)gusuk, 'the nominalized desire to V') and V_kulaccusiq_N (unrelated compound) are different, V-attaching affixes with unrelated meanings -- not this affix, not treated as a collision." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "huge ___; a moderately large ___", "en_short": "huge ___", "da": "en enorm ___; en nogenlunde stor ___ (afhængig af kilde)", "da_short": "en enorm ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO reports huge N through the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary and moderately large N for its worked examples; keep these attributions separate. Petersen1967:-sussuk#e13387 directly lists the suffix and three spellings without Danish size glosses. Oqaatsit1997:qeqertasussuk#e12861 and the English dictionary independently give a moderately large island. MOFO marks the formation nonproductive and says it may occur in older texts; these dictionary rows do not independently prove present-day disuse or the separate huge sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ujarasussuk", "natural": "a moderately large stone in MOFO's translation; Petersen1967:-sussuk#e13387 independently prints the form without a Danish size gloss, while Ordbogen2003:klippeblok#e15661 gives stone block" }, { "surface": "igimarasussuk", "natural": "a moderately large arrow head in MOFO's translation; Petersen1967:-sussuk#e13387 independently prints the form without a Danish size gloss. MOFO treats igimaraq as a possible variant of igimaaq; retain that base uncertainty." }, { "surface": "qeqertasussuk", "natural": "a moderately large island (MOFO/JP67's own example, from qeqertaq, 'island'; host's final /q/ deletes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-sukcuk", "Petersen1967:-sussuk#e13387", "Ordbogi1977:qeqertasussuk#e7392", "Oqaatsit1997:qeqertasussuk#e12861", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qeqertasussuk#e12089", "Ordbogen2003:klippeblok#e15661" ], "id": "N_sussuk_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_taa_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "area in the direction N (forms spatial/locational nouns from directional or demonstrative bases)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-taa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch3 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket/morphemic form is N{-tə}N -- a bare, mute schwa with no independently-attested unpossessed real-orthography citation, the same situation already documented in this repo's deverbal_nouns.yaml (a V-to-N +(t)siisaa entry's own notes state: 'no existing entry in this repo's data uses a bare schwa \"ə\" in underlying_form'). Per that established practice, MOFO's own top-summary 'New orthography' field value, -taa, is used as underlying_form here instead of the bare bracket form.", "GENUINE SOURCE-INTERNAL INCONSISTENCY, not resolved here: MOFO's own page gives -taa in its top-line 'New orthography' summary field, but its own conditioned-declension table immediately below (same page, same 'New orthography' row label) instead shows -ti (stem before a consonant-initial ending) and -ta (stem before a vowel-initial ending), with 'Notable forms' ABS.sg -t, ERG.sg -tip, ERG.pl -tit. The top-line -taa does not match any of these conditioned forms (double /a/ vs. the table's single /a/) -- possibly a page-authoring quirk specific to schwa-final ('tə-stem') MOFO entries, or a transcription inconsistency in MOFO's own data; flagged here rather than silently normalized. -t (the bare ABS.sg citation) is the value that would follow if the same schwa-drop convention already used for this repo's N_qut_N (bracket N{-qutə}N -> citation -qut) were applied here instead, and is offered as the more conservative alternative reading in case -taa is later found to be a MOFO-side error.", "left_sandhi:truncative, right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:none are taken directly from MOFO's own General-section facets for this entry (Left sandhi: Truncative; Right sandhi: Default/none; Inflection sandhi: Default/none). MOFO gives NO worked example of this affix attaching to any host word (its own 'Meanings and examples' section lists the single gloss 'area in the direction N' with an empty example list) -- left_sandhi:truncative therefore rests solely on MOFO's own facet tag, not on an attested word showing a host's final consonant actually deleting before this affix, unlike most of this repo's other truncative entries.", "morphology_class.stem_type:alveolar_schwa_stem and declension_class:p map directly from MOFO's own 'tə-stem' / 'p-declined' facets for this entry (te_stem -> alveolar_schwa_stem per docs/reference/linguistics/mofo-schema-mapping.md's rename table; 'p-declined': N{p} in ERG.sg, N{t} in ABS/ERG.pl and ABS.2sg/sg, matching this schema's declension_class:p). MOFO's page gives no 'Strength' facet for this entry (unlike many other MOFO stem-type entries), so morphology_class.strength is deliberately left unset rather than guessed.", "NONPRODUCTIVE, per MOFO's own tag (confirmed via grep of the raw HTML for 'nonproductive': Tags/List/stem/nonproductive is present) and its own prose ('This is a non-productive morpheme found in many spatial nouns... used to form spatial nouns from directional/demonstrative bases'). MOFO's sole cited source for this entry is [MFSJLK10], Michael Fortescue, Steven Jacobson, Lawrence Kaplan (2010), Comparative Eskimo Dictionary (2nd ed.) -- a different Fortescue work from this repo's existing Fortescue1984 (West Greenlandic, 1984) source key; not independently checked against a copy of that dictionary here, and cited only indirectly (via the MOFO: tag), not as its own separate provenance entry.", "PARTIAL, NOT DECISIVE, independent corroboration found and deliberately NOT promoted to core tier: AITWG's own §8.2 ('Spatial nouns', docs/aitwg2ed/ch08-noun-phrases.md) and Nielsen2012's §6.4.5 ('Spatiale nominer', docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/6.4-mest-om-nominer.md) both independently list several real, dictionary-attested spatial-noun stems ending in exactly this -tə shape, with glosses directly matching MOFO's own 'area in the direction N': {kətə}N/kitə* 'area west', {kujatə}N/kujatə* 'area south', {atə}N/atə* 'area below', {avatə}N/avatə* 'area off the coast', {silatə}N/silatə* 'area outside'. HOWEVER, neither source ever segments these words into a root plus a separable N{-tə}N affix -- both present every one of these words as a single, unanalyzed nominal stem, never discussing an affix's own attachment, sandhi, or productivity. Since the affix-level analysis (as opposed to the coincidental tə-final shape of the resulting words) is not independently corroborated, and MOFO's own nonproductive tag directly applies, this entry is kept at tail tier / MOFO:-only per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy, rather than promoted to core off the strength of this suggestive but non-decomposing overlap.", "AITWG:§8.2 is NOT included in this entry's provenance list despite being read and directly checked against docs/aitwg2ed/ch08-noun-phrases.md (with its own embedded PDF page markers, PDF pp.164-166): that section does not yet appear in docs/reference/linguistics/mofo-schema-mapping.md's verified-section ledger, and CLAUDE.md requires either an existing ledger row or the same verification step performed in the SAME PR that adds the citation -- left as a flagged follow-up for whoever commits this entry, not silently added here. Nielsen2012:§6.4.5, by contrast, IS included below: it was checked directly against its own transcribed extract body (the section heading and content are both present verbatim in the extract file), satisfying CLAUDE.md's stated alternative verification path for Nielsen2012 citations.", "No pedagogy.examples are given for this entry: per this repo's 'never invent a form' rule, no worked example is fabricated here. Doing so would require asserting a specific root+affix segmentation (e.g. kuja- + -tə -> kujatə) that no checked source -- not MOFO's own page, not AITWG §8.2, not Nielsen2012 §6.4.5 -- actually performs.", "Lexeme/rule attestation not yet cross-checked against an Oqaasileriffik dictionary, per the MOFO-exception's lexeme-validation-gap flag; this entry also still needs a row in docs/investigations/mofo/mofo-parity-tracking.md's backlog table per the MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "area in the direction ___", "da": "området i retningen ___", "en_short": "area in the direction ___", "da_short": "området i retningen ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a spatial/locational noun meaning 'the area in the direction of N', historically built onto directional or demonstrative bases; per MOFO, no longer a productive process today -- it survives only in a closed set of already-lexicalized spatial nouns (several of which, independently attested by AITWG §8.2 and Nielsen2012 §6.4.5, happen to end in this exact -tə shape: kətə 'west', kujatə 'south', atə 'below', avatə 'off the coast', silatə 'outside' -- see the application_logic notes above for why this is recorded as corroborating context rather than confirmed segmentation evidence). No worked example of the affix itself attaching to a host is given by any of the three sources checked, so none is fabricated here." }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/-tə", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.5" ], "id": "N_taa_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_caq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "the most N (bound superlative-forming morpheme; per MOFO, attested only combined with V{nəq}N or N{(l)liq}N -- never attaching to a bare/ordinary noun stem on its own)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_caq_N:4c55cfec8fb8", "items": [ { "text": "the most N (bound superlative-forming morpheme; per MOFO, attested only combined with V{nəq}N or N{(l)liq}N -- never attaching to a bare/ordinary noun stem on its own)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/caq", "AITWG:§12.3", "Oqaatsit1997:-:nersaq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+saq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch3 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{caq}N (old orthography -ssaĸ, sole cited source [JP67] Jonathan Petersen 1967, Ordbogêraĸ) -- a DIFFERENT MOFO page/morpheme from this repo's already-modeled N_kcaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, bracket N{kcaq}N, 'the future N/irrealis' affix, mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/kcaq.html, cited [CBBJRPIKJR97]/[CWSL58]). scripts/mofo_collision_check.py's own test string 'ssaq' hits N_kcaq_N's underlying_form (also citation-form '-ssaq'), but reading both MOFO pages confirms these are genuinely distinct morphemes -- different bracket forms, different sources, and completely different meanings (bound superlative formant vs. nominal future/irrealis) -- a string coincidence only, not a collision.", "MOFO carries the Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag on this entry (confirmed directly in the page's raw HTML via grep), and its own prose states plainly this affix 'is not recorded independently in any of the dictionaries' -- grounds this entry's tail-tier/MOFO-only citation per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy.", "Composition guard: N_caq_N is not licensed after an ordinary noun. The exact chain anneq + N_caq_N + N_raq_N + N_ABS_POSS3PL_SG is mechanically possible, but its meaning is unresolved rather than evidence that -caq is productive. oq should demote or explicitly flag this parse until a source attests the full chain.", "SIBLING, NOT COLLISION, per this repo's own V-attaching entries (checked per the initiative's own instructions): MOFO's only cited surface realization is as the second constituent of the already-modeled V{nəQcaq}N, “the most Vb'ing of Possessor” (this repo's V_nersaq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml). AITWG-Affixes’ nominaliser list independently confirms the bound {caq} formant in that chain but does not give it a separate headword. AITWG:§12.3 in the general grammar now directly documents N{caq}N in two restricted compositions, over V{nəq}N and N{(l)liq}N, with plural-possessor/subject constraints; this confirms the bound morpheme and those combinations, not free productive attachment to an ordinary noun. The entry remains in the MOFO tail because MOFO marks the process nonproductive, while the direct AITWG grammatical evidence is recorded here rather than treated as a bare dictionary citation.", "MOFO's own 'Form and usage' prose hedges a possible etymological link to N{taq}N (this repo's own N_taq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, 'an N belonging to/among (possessor)...'), speculating this affix might be a sound-changed variant of it -- but MOFO's own text immediately walks this back at length (the /t/->/c/ change 'is unexplained' and 'cannot have been caused by assibilation', concluding the hypothesis 'must be taken with some caution'). Not treated as corroboration or as grounds for combining the two entries; N_taq_N's 'belonging to/among' meaning is semantically unrelated to this entry's 'most N' superlative sense regardless.", "MOFO's second named combination, N{(l)liqcaq}N (with the spatial comparative/superlative affix N{(l)liq}N), is a composition of this entry with the existing N_lliq_N (same file, above); it is not an independent opaque morpheme. AITWG:§12.3 independently gives the same composition in its spatial-comparatives subsection and illustrates it in Nanortalik Kalaallit Nunaata illoqarfiisa kujallersaraat.", "left_sandhi:default / right_sandhi:none / inflection_sandhi:none are taken directly from MOFO's own stated facets (identical tooltip text to this repo's own N_valuk_N precedent for the same MOFO 'Default' facet), not independently corroborated. MOFO's own declension section additionally states this affix 'is only used with possessive endings with possessor in plural. Hence, we do not give a full declension pattern' -- given that explicit hedge and the total absence of a worked declension example, morphology_class (stem_type/declension_class/strength) is deliberately NOT asserted here, rather than force-fitting MOFO's bare 'Weak q-stem'/'p-declined' facets onto an affix whose own source admits it cannot give a full paradigm.", "AITWG:§12.3 supplies direct evidence for both permitted hosts: N{caq}N follows V{nəq}N in the partitive comparative, and the spatial-comparative subsection shows N{(l)liq}N{caq}N{gə}V in Nanortalik Kalaallit Nunaata illoqarfiisa kujallersaraat. The chapter limits the V{nəq}N construction to possessive endings with a plural possessor or N{gə}V with a plural subject; no free attachment to an ordinary noun is inferred.", "No worked example word is given on MOFO's own page (the 'Meanings and examples' accordion body is empty). Its only cited form is old-orthography '-nerssaĸ' (= modern '-nersaq'), the already-modeled V_nersaq_N compound. AITWG:§12.3 separately gives the grammatical compound example Nanortalik Kalaallit Nunaata illoqarfiisa kujallersaraat, but no source demonstrates this affix attaching independently to a bare noun; no unattested pedagogy example is invented.'" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the most ___", "da": "den mest ___ (bruges kun sammen med bestemte andre endelser, aldrig alene)", "en_short": "the most ___", "da_short": "den mest ___", "composition": { "en": "most ___", "da": "mest ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/caq", "AITWG:§12.3", "Oqaatsit1997:-:nersaq" ], "id": "N_caq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ccaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a grand N (great, wonderful, majestic)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_ccaaq_N:ff1866026985", "items": [ { "text": "a grand N (great, wonderful, majestic)", "relation": "atomic", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/ccaaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:illussaarsuaq", "Oqaatsit1997:illussaarsuaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illussaarsuaq" ], "rationale": "The cited illussaarsuaq rows describe a ‘very large (/ splendid) house’ (Kleinschmidt1871) and ‘castle’ (Oqaatsit1997, Oqaasileriffik 2018). In this authored gloss, ‘great, wonderful, majestic’ are coordinated descriptors of one evaluative ‘grand N’ definition; the cited lexical row supports that unified reading, not separate selectable senses." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own bracket/morphemic form is N{ccaaq}N, matching this entry's own ID (N_ccaaq_N) directly; its New-orthography citation form -ssaaq is used as underlying_form. This is the same bracket-c-vs-citation-ss spelling correspondence already documented on this repo's N_ssiaq_N and N_usaq_N/N_usiaq_N entries (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml / nominal_extenders.yaml) -- MOFO's own phonemic-orthography table row for this entry spells the derived stem 'ccaaq', identical to the bracket form, confirming the same convention.", "left_sandhi:truncative is NOT simply copied from MOFO's own General-table facet, which is just 'Default' ('the morpheme is additive, epenthetic or phonotactically truncative; its sandhi-behaviour can be inferred directly from the morphemic form') -- a placeholder, not a specific claim. It is asserted here instead on direct evidence from two of MOFO's own cited example words: naalagaq ('master', q-final) + this affix + the augmentative N{(q)cuaq}N (this repo's own N_cuaq_N) -> naalagassaarsuaq, and arnaq ('woman', q-final) + this affix + the same augmentative -> arnassaarsuaq. Both decompose cleanly as naalaga+ssaaq(+rsuaq) and arna+ssaaq(+rsuaq) -- the host's own final /q/ deletes before this affix's initial /s/ in both cases (the augmentative -rsuaq's own truncative attachment onto the resulting -ssaaq-final derived stem is a second, separate instance of the same pattern, not new evidence about THIS affix). The other two cited examples (nunassaaq, illussaarsuaq) attach onto vowel-final hosts (nuna, illu) and so are consistent with, but do not independently confirm, this value.", "right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:none are taken directly from MOFO's own General-table facets ('Right sandhi: Default/none', 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none'), the latter corroborated by the separate Declension-pattern sub-table's own 'Declension sandhi: Default/none' -- the same MOFO-facet-to-schema-field mapping already used on this repo's N_valuk_N entry (same file).", "Three of MOFO's own four cited example words (illussaarsuaq, naalagassaarsuaq, arnassaarsuaq) are not this affix in isolation: MOFO's own prose states this affix 'is often followed by N{(q)cuaq}N [this repo's own N_cuaq_N] for further emphasis', and all three show exactly that combination (-ssaaq + -rsuaq). Only nunassaaq is the plain, uncombined affix. All four are still MOFO's own real, sourced example words (not invented), with the combination flagged per-example below rather than silently presented as plain forms.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-ssaaq#e10004 independently lists the nominal grand/impressive sense, bare nunassaaq and the extended forms illussaarsuaq and naalagassaarsuaq. These are distinct from the modern verbal/additive -ssaaq homographs. The primary MOFO inflection comment explicitly assumes a weak q-stem and p-declension in the absence of evidence; those assumptions are not encoded as an output class. The plural marker on illussaarsuaq concerns a word with the following augmentative, not the bare -ssaaq paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a grand ___ (great, wonderful, majestic)", "da": "en storslået ___", "en_short": "a grand ___", "da_short": "en storslået ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as grand, great, wonderful, or majestic. MOFO explicitly tags the entry nonproductive and states it is likely not used productively nowadays, while it may occur in lexicalized words and older texts. This is a qualified source assessment, not a demonstrated ban on productive use; no productivity selector is asserted here. Kleinschmidt1871:.-ssaaq#e10004 independently attests the nominal affix and nunassaaq, illussaarsuaq and naalagassaarsuaq. The named AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 searches found no matching nominal entry; their unrelated verbal future -ssaaq is not corroboration for this N-to-N affix. The compound examples do not supply the bare affix's declension.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nunassaaq", "natural": "a wonderful land (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from nuna, 'land' -- the plain, uncombined form of this affix)" }, { "surface": "illussaarsuaq", "natural": "a palace; a castle (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from illu, 'house' -- this affix combined with the augmentative N{(q)cuaq}N, this repo's own N_cuaq_N, not the plain form alone)" }, { "surface": "naalagassaarsuaq", "natural": "a majestic lord; a high superior (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from naalagaq, 'master' -- illustrates this affix's own left-edge /q/-deletion on a q-final host, plus the same augmentative combination as illussaarsuaq above)" }, { "surface": "arnassaarsuaq", "natural": "a proud woman (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from arnaq, 'woman' -- same q-deletion-plus-augmentative pattern as naalagassaarsuaq above)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/ccaaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:illussaarsuaq", "Oqaatsit1997:illussaarsuaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illussaarsuaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-ssaaq#e10004" ], "id": "N_ccaaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ssamaat_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a store/reserve of N; something (e.g. provisions or money) set aside now for later use" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssamaat", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{kcamautə}N, New orthography '-ssamaat' (Old orthography '-gssamaut'). MOFO's own left-sandhi facet for this entry is the generic, non-committal 'Default' label (the same tooltip text already interpreted elsewhere in this repo's MOFO-derived files, e.g. deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml's V_qqik_N/V_nngaq_N: 'the morpheme is additive, epenthetic or phonotactically truncative; its sandhi-behaviour can be inferred directly from the morphemic form'). Inferred here as truncative by the same reasoning already established twice for the identical bracket-onset cluster in this repo's own nominal_modifiers.yaml: N{kcaq}N (this repo's N_kcaq_N, '-ssaq', 'a future N') and N{ccamaaq}N (this repo's N_ssamaaq_N, '-ssamaaq', 'an intended N') both begin with the same /kc/ (surfacing as geminate 'ss') cluster onset, grounded there via AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 (phonotactic truncativity forced by a consonant-cluster onset) and, independently, AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 (blanket /kŋpqr/-initial sandhi-truncative rule, since /k/ itself heads the cluster) -- both apply equally to this entry's own identical 'kc'-initial bracket form, and the surface realization directly confirms it: MOFO's own New-orthography citation, '-ssamaat', begins with the identical 'ss-' surface cluster already documented for those two sibling affixes.", "right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:none are direct transcriptions of MOFO's own explicit top-level facets for this entry ('Right sandhi: Default/none'; 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none').", "Etymology, recorded in prose only, not modeled as a compositional schema entry: MOFO's own 'Form and usage' text states this affix appears to have been formed from the same root as V{kcamaaq}V ('intends to', a V->V affix not modeled in this repo) fused with V{-(cc)utə}N (this repo's own V_ut_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml, 'means/instrument/cause for V-ing'), with the verb's own final /aq/ dropping in the fusion. MOFO's own 'Constituents' field on this page marks the exact middle piece as an unresolved placeholder, N{kcaq}N + {?} + V{-(cc)utə}N -- recorded here as a documented etymological claim connecting three otherwise-separate entries in this repo's data (N_kcaq_N, V_ut_N, and this one), not asserted as an actual compositional derivation in the schema.", "DISAMBIGUATION from this repo's own N_kcaq_N ('-ssaq', 'a future N; something not yet existing, intended to become or be used as N') and N_ssamaaq_N ('-ssamaaq', 'an intended N; an N someone has set their sights on'), both in kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml: despite the shared etymological root and superficially similar citation spelling, this is a THIRD, distinct affix with its own MOFO detail page, its own citation form ('-ssamaat', final /t/, not /q/), and a narrower, more concrete meaning (an actual stockpile kept in reserve, not the more abstract 'destined/intended to become N' sense of the other two). No collision: scripts/mofo_collision_check.py returns CLEAR against both '-ssamaat'/'-gssamaut' and the bracket-inner form 'kcamautə'/'kcamaut', and a full-repo grep for 'kcamaut'/'ssamaat'/'gssamaut' finds no other match anywhere in kalaallisut_data/.", "morphology_class.stem_type:alveolar_schwa_stem is MOFO's own 'tə-stem' facet for this entry's own final segment (the stem-final schwa carries no sound and is unwritten in the modern citation form unless a following phoneme determines it), matching this repo's own established te_stem->alveolar_schwa_stem mapping (docs/reference/linguistics/mofo-schema-mapping.md; already used for angut in kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml, and for the tə-final MOFO-derived affixes V_riut_N/V_qqut_N in this repo's deverbal_nouns files). MOFO's own detail table gives no separate declension-class or strength facet for this entry (unlike some other MOFO pages, e.g. V_qqik_N), so neither is asserted here.", "Petersen1951:-ssamaat#e12572 independently lists the suffix and examples, including its combination with -uvoq and -gaa. Kleinschmidt1871:akissamaat#e414 gives a reserve/payment sense and the plural akissamaatit. These rows support the cited forms but do not by themselves establish a productive attachment rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a store of ___, set aside for later use; a reserve of ___, set aside for later use", "en_short": "a store of ___, set aside for later use; a reserve of ___, set aside for later use", "da": "et forråd af ___; en reserve af ___; noget (f.eks. proviant eller penge) lagt til side til senere brug", "da_short": "et forråd af ___; en reserve af ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as something being stockpiled or set aside now for a later need -- MOFO's own example domain is provisions kept in reserve, e.g. for winter. Distinct from N_kcaq_N ('future N') and N_ssamaaq_N ('an intended N'), the two etymologically related but formally and semantically separate entries elsewhere in this repo's data -- see the disambiguation note above.", "examples": [ { "surface": "akissamaat", "natural": "money kept in reserve, savings (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from aki, 'price/cost'. MOFO itself flags this word as likely archaic today, with aningaasat used instead.)" }, { "surface": "nerisassamaat", "natural": "a store of food (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from nerisaq, 'food')" }, { "surface": "pissamaataa", "natural": "his store/reserve, i.e. something he keeps set aside for later (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from the placeholder root pi-, with a 3rd-person-singular possessive ending -- the double -aa surfaces from the stem's own final schwa appearing before that vowel-initial ending, consistent with morphology_class.stem_type:alveolar_schwa_stem above)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/kcamautə", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Petersen1951:-ssamaat#e12572", "Kleinschmidt1871:akissamaat#e414", "SchultzLorentzen1926:akissamaat#e751" ], "id": "N_ssamaat_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_kkataannguaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "a middle-sized N; a small N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkataannguaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch3 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{kkataaŋŋuaq}N (New orthography -kkataannguaq, Old orthography 'kataãnguaĸ), explicitly documented on its own MOFO page as a compound of two morphemes independently already modeled in this repo: N{kkataaq}N (this repo's own N_kkataaq_N, 'a rather big N', kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) + N{ŋŋuaq}N (this repo's own N_nnguaq_N, 'a cute/sweet/dear little N; a small N', same file). It is filed as its own atomic entry under MOFO's Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/ tree (not under the separate Combinations/ tree of compounds), with its own lexicalized meaning ('middle-sized/small N') that is not a transparent concatenation of the two constituent glosses ('rather big' + 'small/dear' -> 'middling') -- modeled here as its own entry rather than treated as a collision with either constituent (scripts/mofo_collision_check.py returned CLEAR against both the new-orthography form '-kkataannguaq' and the bracket-inner form 'kkataaŋŋuaq'/'kkataannguaq').", "left_sandhi:truncative (and boundary_behavior:truncating via the denominal_noun_truncating template) follows the same /kk/-cluster reasoning already established for this repo's N_kkataaq_N/N_kkallak_N/N_kkaluk_N/N_kkaluuq_N siblings (AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4's phonotactic consonant-cluster rule plus AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial sandhi-truncative rule) -- this entry's own left-hand component is literally the already-modeled kk-initial N_kkataaq_N affix. MOFO's own page facet for this entry, 'Left sandhi: Default', states only that the behaviour 'can be inferred directly from the morphemic form' -- consistent with, but not itself asserting, this specific value; truncative is chosen here on the same evidence basis already used for the sibling entries rather than MOFO's generic label alone.", "right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision is grounded directly in MOFO's own page text: 'Right sandhi is inherited from the right-most component, N{ŋŋuaq}N' -- i.e. this repo's own N_nnguaq_N, already modeled with right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision on independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration (see that entry's own notes for the full derivation). MOFO's own summary facet on this page, 'Right sandhi: /aq/ drop', is consistent.", "inflection_sandhi is deliberately left unset, matching N_nnguaq_N's own established decision on the identical question: MOFO's page states 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none' for this entry too (also explicitly 'inherited from the right-most component'), so there is no non-default value to record.", "declension_class/strength are deliberately left unset: MOFO's page gives a direct 'Stem type(s): Weak q-stem' facet for this entry (used below for morphology_class.stem_type), but no separate declension-sandhi/strength facet the way some other MOFO pages do. The constituent N_nnguaq_N (declension_class:up, strength:weak) is structurally suggestive by inheritance, but that is not itself asserted on this page for the compound, so not force-fit here.", "MOFO's own cited sources for this entry: [JP67] Jonathan Petersen (1967), Ordbogêraĸ; [CWSL58] C.W. Schultz-Lorentzen (1958), Den Grønlandske Ordbog. Per MOFO's own paraphrase, Schultz-Lorentzen's definition is 'a middle-sized N; a small N', with an unclear possible third sense 'neat/pretty' that MOFO itself suspects is a synonym for the size sense rather than a separate meaning about appearance -- not modeled as a separate gloss here, recorded only in lexical_facts.meaning's parenthetical.", "The earlier search of grammar extracts did not find this fused form, but Petersen1967:-kataannguaq#e12783 is an independent dictionary witness already linked by this owner. Its literal headword has one initial k, while its four complete examples have -kkataannguaq. The bounded preflight using MOFO -kkataannguaq returned no exact rows; that navigation result is not evidence of no attestation. Petersen supports the printed forms, not a resolution of MOFO's reported middle-sized/small/neat ambiguity or a productive inflection rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a middle-sized ___; a small ___", "en_short": "a middle-sized ___", "da": "en mellemstor ___; en lille ___", "da_short": "en mellemstor ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO reports a middle-sized or small N, with an unresolved possible neat/pretty sense, and labels the formation nonproductive. Petersen1967:-kataannguaq#e12783 independently prints angutikkataannguaq, inukkataannguaq, illukkataannguaq and nataarnakkataannguaq; these are not restricted to person-denoting examples. That row supplies no Danish size or appearance gloss and no complete paradigm. Preserve Petersen's literal suffix headword -kataannguaq separately from MOFO's -kkataannguaq citation and kkataaŋŋuaq bracket form.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angutikkataannguaq", "natural": "a middle-sized man (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from angut, 'man')" }, { "surface": "inukkataannguaq", "natural": "a small person; a neat little person (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from inuk, 'person')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/kkataaŋŋuaq", "Petersen1967:-kataannguaq#e12783" ], "id": "N_kkataannguaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_qqissaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "exactly/precisely N (restricted distribution -- per Nielsen2012, used only with the quantifier tamaq* 'all/whole' and demonstrative bases, not general common nouns)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_qqissaaq_N:3711830c8d6b", "items": [ { "text": "exactly/precisely N (restricted distribution -- per Nielsen2012, used only with the quantifier tamaq* 'all/whole' and demonstrative bases, not general common nouns)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/nqiksaaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqissaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch3 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{nqiksaaq}N (New orthography -qqissaaq, Old orthography -rĸigsâĸ), analyzed there as built from two VERB-attaching constituents, V{nqik}V + V{saaq}V, with a separate cross-referenced Variant page V{nqiksaaq}V -- that V-to-V variant is NOT this entry; it is already independently modeled in this repo as V_qqissaaq_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, underlying_form -qqissaar, 'to Vb carefully/exactly', cited to Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12). This entry is specifically MOFO's separate N{nqiksaaq}N (noun-to-noun) detail page.", "MOFO's own page for this N-to-N sense is unusually thin: no 'Form and usage' prose and no worked examples of its own (only its Sources line: [JP67] Jonathan Petersen 1967, [CWSL58] Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, neither tied to a specific cited word on the page). All pedagogical content and the meaning gloss below come from Nielsen2012's own independent, directly-matching entry instead (see below), not from MOFO's page content.", "Independent corroboration found: Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2 lists '÷qqissaaq 2' (glossed 'nøjagtigt N; bruges kun ved tamaq* og demonstrativer' -- 'exactly N; used only with tamaq* and demonstratives'), in the same N_m nominal-modifier class as this repo's existing N_vik_N/N_ngajak_N/N_luinnaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) -- a genuine independent source for the meaning, but one that itself confirms MOFO's own nonproductive tag: the affix is explicitly restricted to a single closed-class quantifier root (tamaq*) and demonstratives, not freely productive on common nouns the way its core-tier siblings in nominal_modifiers.yaml are. Per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity tiering rule (non-productive per MOFO's own tag qualifies for tail treatment regardless of whether an independent source exists), this is filed here as a tail entry citing both MOFO and Nielsen2012, mirroring this file's own existing N_valuk_N/N_miu_N precedent of citing an independent source alongside MOFO in this tail-tier file rather than in nominal_modifiers.yaml.", "DISAMBIGUATION from a THIRD homograph: Nielsen2012 additionally catalogs a wholly different '+qqinnaaq, +qqissaaq 1' (§5.5.1.4, class N_r, a DEVERBAL nominalizer meaning 'helt/fuldstændig vb-et', 'completely/fully Vb-ed', e.g. ilumoorpoq 'it is true' -> ilumooqqissaaq 'completely true') -- a V-to-N affix, neither this N-to-N entry nor the V-to-V V_qqissaaq_Vb. Not modeled in this repo yet; noted here only to avoid future conflation, since all three senses share the identical qqissaaq/qqissaar surface spelling.", "left_sandhi:truncative is grounded directly in Nielsen2012's own tamaq* example: tamaq (quantifier root, q-final) + this affix -> tamaqqissaasa/tamaqqissaamik, with the host's own final /q/ deleted before the affix's geminate-consonant-cluster onset attaches -- the same phonotactic-truncativity pattern (AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4, a cluster onset can only join a vowel) already grounding this repo's N_ssamaaq_N and N_kcaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml), both also geminate/cluster-initial. The second Nielsen2012 example, tappavunga (vowel-final) -> tappavungaqqissaaq, attaches directly with no host-side change, as expected for a vowel-final host regardless of this affix's own left_sandhi value.", "MOFO's own bracket-initial /n/ (N{nqiksaaq}N) never actually surfaces in either attested example -- both tamaqqissaaq(mik) and tappavungaqqissaaq show a plain geminate 'qq' onset, not 'nq', regardless of the host's own final segment. This is treated here as a fact about the citation form itself (New orthography '-qqissaaq' is already the affix's consistently-realized surface shape) rather than as a dynamic host-conditioned nasal-assimilation rule; underlying_form is set to the actually-attested '-qqissaaq', not a literal '-nqissaaq'.", "morphology_class is deliberately left unset: MOFO's own 'Inflection' section for this entry states 'Declension type: None' ('None/unknown declension pattern, e.g. because the stem is not used with unmarked absolutive/ergative endings') despite also labelling the bare stem type 'Weak q-stem' in its General table -- MOFO's own data does not actually commit to a resolved declension pattern for this affix, consistent with its restricted, non-ordinary-noun-host distribution (Nielsen2012's own examples are on a quantifier root and a demonstrative adverb, neither of which take ordinary common-noun absolutive/ergative declension). Recorded in prose rather than asserted as a schema value.", "Lexeme-validation gap: not yet cross-checked against an Oqaasileriffik dictionary. This entry is filed under the MOFO Full-Parity Initiative's relaxed tail-tier policy (CLAUDE.md, issue #198) and per that policy MUST get a row in docs/investigations/mofo/mofo-parity-tracking.md's backlog table as a follow-up-verification item -- not yet added by this research pass; flagged here for whoever commits this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "exactly ___; precisely ___", "da": "netop ___; præcis ___ (bruges kun sammen med 'tamaq' og påpegende ord, ikke almindelige navneord)", "en_short": "exactly ___; precisely ___", "da_short": "netop ___; præcis ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a base as 'exactly/precisely' that thing -- but per Nielsen2012's own explicit restriction, this affix is not a general-purpose noun modifier: it is attested only combining with the quantifier tamaq* ('all/whole') and with demonstrative/directional adverbs, not with ordinary common nouns. Both examples below are Nielsen2012's own, since MOFO's own page for this entry supplies no worked examples of its own to cite.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tamaqqissaasa / tamaqqissaamik", "natural": "all, without exception (Nielsen2012's example, from tamaq*, 'all/whole' -- the quantifier root this affix is primarily attested with; host's final /q/ deletes before the affix's geminate onset, illustrating left_sandhi:truncative)" }, { "surface": "tappavungaqqissaaq", "natural": "exactly in the direction up there (Nielsen2012's example, from tappavunga, 'up there' (directional); a vowel-final host, attaching directly with no change)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/nqiksaaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2" ], "id": "N_qqissaaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_paaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "the outermost layer of N (an old, largely non-productive sense surviving in a few lexicalized words)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_paaq_N:a5ecccf17856", "items": [ { "text": "the outermost layer of N (an old, largely non-productive sense surviving in a few lexicalized words)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/paaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qalipaaq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+paaq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch3 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{paaq}N, built as a compound of two further-back constituents also present in the MOFO mirror: N{pak}N (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/pak.html -- an unglossed morpheme, no meaning given on its own page) and N{-aq}N (this repo's own N_aq_N is a separately-drafted survivor of this same batch, kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml). DISAMBIGUATION: this repo already has an unrelated N_pak_N entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, 'many/a crowd/flock of N', underlying_form '+(r)paat') -- confirmed by directly reading both MOFO pages that this is a genuinely DIFFERENT morpheme (bracket form N{(q)pak}N, not N{pak}N; different sources, different meaning) from the pak constituent this entry is built on, not the same affix under a different ID; not cited or conflated here.", "New orthography lists two citation variants under one headword: +paaq (the plain, consonant-host form, ordinary additive attachment, per MOFO's own 'Default' left-sandhi facet) and -rpaaq (an r-linking variant, presumably after vowel-final hosts) -- +paaq is used as this entry's underlying_form per the source's own first-listed form; -rpaaq is recorded here as a documented variant, not modeled as a separate underlying_form entry.", "right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision is MOFO's own explicitly stated right-sandhi facet for this affix ('final /aq/ is dropped before vowel-initial endings and aq-deleting affixes'), the same established schema value already used for this repo's N_nnguaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) and V_galuaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) for the identical aq-final-affix phenomenon. MOFO's own prose adds that this affix is never used with possessive endings, but may be verbalized via N{-u}V (this repo's own N_u_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml, 'to be'), which is exactly when the /aq/ drops -- no specific host word is given for that verbalized form on this page, so it is not used as a pedagogy example here.", "TWO SEPARATE MEANINGS on MOFO's own page, only one modeled here: (a) 'the (very) most N', an intensified superlative sense that per MOFO's own text is 'rarely used productively, except in combination with' the deverbal superlative V{nəQ}N and the spatial superlative N{(l)liq}N -- MOFO records those two combinations as their OWN separate dictionary entries with their own examples (V{nəqpaaq}N, already modeled in this repo as V_nerpaaq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml; N{(l)liqpaaq}N, drafted this same initiative batch as N_lliqpaaq_N for kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) -- and gives no example of this sense attaching productively to a bare noun on its own, so it is deliberately NOT modeled as this entry's meaning; and (b) 'the outermost layer of N', attributed by MOFO to Kleinschmidt as a now-likely-non-productive usage surviving in a few lexicalized words -- this is the sense modeled here, the only one with real MOFO-cited example words attached directly to this bare affix.", "MOFO's own page also notes the lexicalized example qalipaaq can be compared with qalipak (an unrelated headword this repo does not model), which likewise denotes an outer shell/covering -- recorded here in prose only, not as a cited example or cross-reference, since qalipak has no entry of its own in this repo's data." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the outermost layer of ___", "da": "det yderste lag af ___ (gammel betydning, bruges sjældent i dag)", "en_short": "the outermost layer of ___", "da_short": "det yderste lag af ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Kleinschmidt1871:.paaq#e9928 independently describes .paaq as outermost in a sequence, especially with .lleq and .neq, and more rarely with other words in the following .pak sense. This owner retains the narrow historical outer-layer/covering meaning; the directional and deverbal superlatives have separate owners. Kleinschmidt1871:qalipaaq#e3144 independently attests the outer-garment word, and SchultzLorentzen1926:kamippak, kamippaaq#e8375 prints the paired boot words. MOFO labels this morpheme nonproductive. Bare paaq entries for a bird, entrance or soot are different senses and do not support this affix.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qalipaaq", "natural": "an outer garment, especially a reindeer-skin outer coat; provincially a travelling coat of European cut (Kleinschmidt1871:qalipaaq#e3144). The embroidered-white-linen interpretation is not present in this inspected row." }, { "surface": "kamippaaq", "natural": "an outer boot (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from kamik, 'boot')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/paaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qalipaaq#e3144", "Kleinschmidt1871:.paaq#e9928", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kamippak, kamippaaq#e8375" ], "id": "N_paaq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_paluk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "dear N (an endearment, added to a person's name or to a noun denoting a person)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_paluk_N:1179cbf807e5", "items": [ { "text": "dear N (an endearment, added to a person's name or to a noun denoting a person)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/paluk" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-paluk", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION: this entry's own underlying_form (-paluk) is the identical surface string already used by this file's own N_valuk_N entry ('sound of N', MOFO:nn/valuk) -- a genuine string collision, not the same morpheme. MOFO gives this entry ('dear N') its own separate page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/paluk.html, bare morphemic form N{paluk}N, sourced ONLY to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 [CWSL58]) distinct from N_valuk_N's own page (affix/nn/(q)valuk.html, bracket form N{(q)valuk}N, one of four V/N-combination variants sharing that root). scripts/mofo_collision_check.py flags '-paluk'/'paluk' as COLLISION against N_valuk_N (and against this repo's unrelated N_paluk_Vb [kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml], V_paluk_N [kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml], and V_paluk_Vb [kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml] entries, all members of the separate '(q)paluk'/'(q)valuk' verb-related affix family) purely on this surface-string coincidence; confirmed by inspection that none of those four matched entries share this entry's meaning ('dear N') or MOFO id ('paluk', no leading '(q)').", "MOFO's own 'Left sandhi: Default' facet is glossed on the page itself as 'additive, epenthetic or phonotactically truncative; inferred from the morphemic form' -- the same facet value and meaning already modeled as left_sandhi:default on N_valuk_N above. MOFO's own prose narrows this further for the one attested consonant-final host: 'it appears to be additive, but without having an epenthetic consonant, which is quite rare', illustrated by Kunuuk (k-final) -> Kunuuppaluk, where the host's own final /k/ assimilates/geminates into this affix's initial /p/ rather than an epenthetic consonant being inserted -- the same general additive-boundary gemination pattern already documented elsewhere in this file (N_miu_N's /k/+/m/->[mm], N_valuk_N's sialuk->sialuppaluk).", "MOFO-page-internal spelling inconsistency, flagged rather than silently resolved: the page's own 'Left sandhi' prose paragraph gives the examples as 'Kunũpaluk' (single /p/) from 'Kunûk', and 'Suvfiapaluk' from 'Suvfia' (both old-orthography spellings); its own separate 'Meanings and examples' section instead bolds 'Kunuuppaluk' (double /p/, new-orthography Kunuuk) and 'Suffiapaluk' (new-orthography Suffia) for the identical two examples. The 'Meanings and examples' section's forms are used below as this entry's pedagogy examples, since they are the ones explicitly tied to a CWSL58 citation and an explicit gloss; the prose-paragraph's single-p 'Kunũpaluk' spelling is not used, and not asserted as a separate, additive-without-gemination allomorph, absent a second, independent attestation of that spelling.", "MOFO's own prose restricts this affix's host to 'names or nouns denoting persons' only, and separately states it is dialectal, 'only used in Kap York and North Greenland' -- both restrictions recorded here in prose (meaning field / pedagogy note) rather than as a schema field, since no existing schema field captures dialect-restriction or animacy-restriction facts." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dear ___", "da": "kære ___ (kæleord, føjet til et navn eller et navneord for en person)", "en_short": "dear ___", "da_short": "kære ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A term of endearment ('dear N') added to a person's name or to a common noun denoting a person -- per MOFO's own citation of Schultz-Lorentzen (1958), a dialectal affix confined to Kap York and North Greenland speech, not general West Greenlandic. No independent corroboration (AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012, Bjornum2012) was found for this specific 'dear N' sense after a real search: docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md and 4-nominal-modifiers.md (AITWG-Affixes' own N->N chapters) were checked, with no 'paluk' hit outside the unrelated '(q)paluk'/'(q)valuk' verb-related family (already modeled as this repo's N_paluk_Vb/V_paluk_N/V_paluk_Vb); docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/*.md was grepped for 'paluk' and turns up only that same unrelated '+(r)paluk 1'/'+(r)paluk 2' family (sound of Vb-ing / sound of N -- this repo's N_valuk_N, above); docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/*.md has no 'paluk' hit at all. This repo's own N_kasik_N and N_ralak_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) independently document a different, unrelated 'dear/poor N' double-meaning affix family (-kasik/-kassak, -ralak) -- a semantic near-match, not a form match, and not cited here as corroboration of this specific affix.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Kunuuppaluk", "natural": "dear Kunuuk (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from the name Kunuuk, a k-final host -- host's final /k/ assimilates/geminates into this affix's initial /p/)" }, { "surface": "Suffiapaluk", "natural": "dear Suffia (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from the name Suffia, a vowel-final host)" }, { "surface": "palasipaluk", "natural": "the dear priest (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from palasi, 'priest', a vowel-final host)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/paluk" ], "id": "N_paluk_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_sarneq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "wind from N (lexicalized in a closed set of wind names)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sarneq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own bracket/morphemic form is N{saqnəq}N; the '+' New-orthography citation form (+sarneq) is used here as underlying_form per this repo's convention of citing the source's own surface citation spelling rather than its bracket notation -- the '+' itself is MOFO's plain sandhi-additive marker (matching this repo's own reading of '+' elsewhere, e.g. N_pak_N, N_miuq_N).", "MOFO's own 'Constituents' field decomposes this as an UNIDENTIFIED base ('{?}') + V{nəq}N (this repo's still-productive deverbal -neq nominalizer, not itself yet modeled as its own entry in this repo) -- recorded for context, but this entry is authored as MOFO itself presents the whole word: one lexicalized N-to-N affix, not decomposed into its own constituent parts.", "inflection_sandhi is deliberately left unset: MOFO's own 'Strong q-stem' facet states the stem 'must decline with either weakening or metathesis' -- an explicit, genuine either/or, not one determinate rule -- and MOFO gives no worked declined paradigm (ergative/plural forms) for this specific affix to show which one actually applies. Forcing a single inflection_sandhi enum value here would overclaim what the source shows; this matches this repo's established practice elsewhere (e.g. N_lik_N's three-way ergative-singular variation, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml) of describing genuine unresolved either/or variation in prose instead of picking one value.", "MOFO's existing right/inflection-sandhi inheritance statement names the rightmost abstract-participle component V{nəq}N. That component already has an independently cited owner, V_neq_N (AITWG-Affixes:p.12; AITWG:§9.3). The former missing-entry claim is stale. This documents the component identity without adding an automatic inheritance cross-reference or approving every compound inflection.", "MOFO also documents a verbalized counterpart, N{saqnəq}V ('there blows a wind from N, in the sense of X'), modeled as N_saqneq_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) -- this entry covers only the N-to-N sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wind from ___", "da": "vind fra ___ (kun i en lukket gruppe faste vindnavne)", "en_short": "wind from ___", "da_short": "vind fra ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO itself tags this a non-productive morpheme (Tags/List/stem/nonproductive) found only in a closed set of lexicalized wind names, glossed by Schultz-Lorentzen as 'wind from N'; per MOFO's own description it appears to also attach in a few cases to verbal bases and even a demonstrative base (see isersarneq/anisarneq/samanngarsarneq below), not only ordinary nouns. All examples below are lexicalized, per MOFO's own explicit note to that effect -- none re-derived or invented.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qoororsarneq", "natural": "wind from the valley (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from qooroq, 'valley')" }, { "surface": "nunasarneq", "natural": "wind from the land (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from nuna, 'land')" }, { "surface": "ullaarsarneq", "natural": "morning wind (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ullaaq, 'morning')" }, { "surface": "isersarneq", "natural": "wind into the fjord (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from the verbal base iser-, 'enter' -- MOFO's own gloss marks this etymology with a '?')" }, { "surface": "anisarneq", "natural": "wind out of the fjord (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from the verbal base ani-, 'exit' -- MOFO's own gloss marks this etymology with a '?')" }, { "surface": "kuussarneq", "natural": "wind from the water stream (MOFO cites Christian Rasmussen 1893; from kuuk, 'water stream')" }, { "surface": "samanngarsarneq", "natural": "wind from the west (MOFO cites Christian Rasmussen 1893; from samannga, the adverbial allative of the demonstrative root {sam} -- MOFO notes this is 'apparently treated as a nominal stem with an injected /q/')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/saqnəq", "Kleinschmidt1871:isersarneq", "Oqaatsit1997:isersarneq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isersarneq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12" ], "id": "N_sarneq_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_suk_resembling_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "something resembling N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+suk", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch3 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{suk}N (no leading sandhi mark in the bracket notation itself); its 'New orthography' field prints the plain-additive-marked '+suk' (per AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5's convention), while its 'Old orthography' field prints '-suk, -ssuk' -- a spelling-convention difference, not a sandhi disagreement (unlike a separate, unrelated MOFO page at mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/-suk.html, 'a big N', whose own facet table explicitly states 'Left sandhi: Truncative'; THIS page's own facet table instead states 'Left sandhi: Default', glossed by MOFO's own tooltip as 'additive, epenthetic or phonotactically truncative; its sandhi-behaviour can be inferred directly from the morphemic form' -- i.e. genuinely additive here, not truncative). underlying_form follows the New-orthography '+suk' form and this page's own explicit Default/additive facet, the same underlying_form-from-New-orthography convention already used for N_pak_N and N_miuq_N (both '+'-marked, additive).", "DISTINCT from the separate, unrelated MOFO page noted above (filename -suk.html, with a leading hyphen): 'a big N' (MOFO hedges 'possibly also bad N'), reconstructed from a different root ({cuɣ}, per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary), explicitly truncative, and already independently drafted elsewhere in this same batch under candidate ID N_suk_N (mofo_id '-suk'). THIS entry is the bare-filename 'suk.html' page instead: 'something resembling N', reconstructed from a different root ({yuɣ}, alternating with {ðuɣ}), additive. Two genuinely different, non-cognate-claimed morphemes that happen to romanize identically once the leading sandhi mark is stripped; this entry's own ID (N_suk_resembling_N) is deliberately NOT N_suk_N, to avoid colliding with that other candidate's own draft ID once both land in the same file.", "MOFO's own etymological claim -- that this derives from a reconstructed root {yuɣ}, alternating with {ðuɣ}, 'something resembling N', per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary (Fortescue, Jacobson & Kaplan 2010, MOFO's own [MFSJLK10] source code) -- is recorded here as MOFO's own claim only. That dictionary is a different work from this repo's own cited 'Fortescue1984' (M. Fortescue, West Greenlandic, 1984) and is not itself a source this repo has checked in or independently verified; not re-asserted as independently corroborated.", "MOFO's own prose additionally notes the historical {yuɣ}/{ðuɣ} alternation surfaces in Kalaallisut too: this affix sometimes appears as old-orthography -ssuk (i.e. N{cuk}N) instead of N{suk}N, as seen in the sibling affixes N{-aqcuk}N and N{-sukcuk}N (the latter this repo's own separately-drafted N_sussuk_N, from the -sukcuk.html page in this same batch) -- MOFO's own text explicitly declines to account for the alternation's conditioning, calling all such forms independently lexicalized. Recorded here in prose only, not modeled as a variant underlying_form.", "TIER/PRODUCTIVITY: MOFO's own Tags section marks this affix Tags/List/stem/nonproductive ('Non-productive morpheme'), grep-verified directly against the raw HTML (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/suk.html: 'Tags/List/stem/nonproductive'). MOFO's own prose states plainly this is 'a non-productive morpheme found in some lexicalised words' and, given its non-productivity, explicitly declines to analyze the -suk/-ssuk alternation further ('we shall not here attempt to account for this alternation'). A real search (not a token grep-and-give-up) of AITWG-Affixes' own Chapter 3 (docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md) and Chapter 4 (docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md, the two N->N chapters) found no headword resembling 'suk' with this meaning. Nielsen2012's full transcribed extract tree was grepped broadly for 'suk' and for the Danish/English glosses 'ligner'/'resembl-': the only near-misses are two cross-reference redirects in its own §7.3 ('Historiske tilhæng', obsolete/historical affixes) -- '÷suk- 1, se ÷gug-' and '÷suk- 2, se ÷rusug-' -- both redirecting AWAY from this meaning, to an unrelated verbalizer ('to thirst/long for N') and the desiderative ('wants to Vb', already independently modeled in this repo as V_rusuk_N's own MOFO:vn/(q)gusuk citation) respectively -- different word class, different meaning, deliberately declined as corroboration. Bjornum2012's full transcribed extract tree was also grepped: its own 'n-n *noget der ligner; -lignende*' section (docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md, ~line 2495, glossed 'something that resembles') is a real match on MEANING but not on FORM -- its own worked example (aapakaajusaq, 'monkey doll', from aapakaaq 'monkey') is built on the affix -usaq/-jusaq, already independently modeled in this repo as N_usaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml) -- a different, unrelated morpheme that happens to share the same English gloss; deliberately NOT cited here as corroboration of this specific -suk/+suk form, the same declined-near-miss treatment already used elsewhere in this repo (e.g. N_kkallak_N's declined Nielsen2012 'kullak' near-miss). Per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative hybrid-by-tier policy, this is therefore a tail-tier, MOFO:-only entry on BOTH of that policy's independent grounds at once (nonproductive tag, and no independent source found after a real search).", "scripts/mofo_collision_check.py was run against 'suk', '+suk', '-suk', and '-ssuk': all four returned CLEAR, no collision. All three of this repo's own destination files (nominal_extenders.yaml, nominal_modifiers.yaml, denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) were read in full/grepped and eyeballed; no same-affix entry was found under a different citation style. kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml and deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml were grepped for 'suk' too: the only hit (V_rusuk_N, MOFO:vn/(q)gusuk, 'the nominalized desire to V') is a different, V-attaching affix with an unrelated meaning -- not this affix, not treated as a collision." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something resembling ___", "da": "noget der ligner ___", "en_short": "something resembling ___", "da_short": "noget der ligner ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun's derived meaning as 'something resembling N'. MOFO itself flags this as a non-productive, lexicalized-only morpheme; both cited example words below are inherited, lexicalized formations, not productive coinages.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inussuk", "natural": "cairn, a pile of stones marking a mountain path (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, s.v. inugsuk; from inuk, 'human' -- literally 'something resembling a human'; old orthography inugsuk)" }, { "surface": "marlussuit", "natural": "a pair; two pieces (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, s.v. mardlugsuit; from marluk, 'two'; also attested in the singular as marlussuk, 'two numbers/figures'; old orthography mardlugsuit)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/suk", "Kleinschmidt1871:inussuk", "Oqaatsit1997:inussuk", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inussuk" ], "id": "N_suk_resembling_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_vak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a crowd/flock of N (less commonly, a single huge N)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_vak_N:e0bc302e67b9", "items": [ { "text": "a crowd/flock of N (less commonly, a single huge N)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/(q)vak", "Kleinschmidt1871:anguterpaat", "Oqaatsit1997:anguterpaat", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anguterpaat" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(r)pak", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{(q)vak}N; two senses are given on MOFO's own page -- a singular 'huge N' reading (flagged as possibly uncommon today) and the plural 'crowd/flock of N' reading, which MOFO's own text marks as by far the more common modern usage; both recorded together in lexical_facts.meaning rather than picking one.", "MOFO's own Stem type facet is 'Regular k-stem' (this repo's velar_retaining_stem, per the vendor-neutral rename table on morphology_class.stem_type's own schema description), with the epenthetic /q/ appearing after a vowel-final host (e.g. tuttu -> tuttorpaat); left_sandhi:default and right_sandhi:none directly transcribe MOFO's own stated facets." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a crowd of ___; a flock of ___", "da": "en flok ___; mange ___ (mindre almindeligt en enkelt kæmpestor ___)", "en_short": "a crowd of ___; a flock of ___", "da_short": "en flok ___; mange ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as a crowd/flock (or, less commonly today, a single huge instance). Independently corroborated -- anguterpaat is attested by Kleinschmidt1871, Oqaatsit1997, and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts, all glossing it as a group/flock of men or brothers, matching MOFO's own cited sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anguterpaat", "natural": "a crowd of men (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from {aŋutə}N, 'man'. Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts's own gloss: 'a group of men; several brothers'; this repo's own rendering of Kleinschmidt1871's Danish gloss, which corroborates the same sense.)" }, { "surface": "tuttorpaat", "natural": "a flock of caribou (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from tuttu, 'caribou' -- vowel-final host, so the epenthetic /q/ is inserted)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/(q)vak", "Kleinschmidt1871:anguterpaat", "Oqaatsit1997:anguterpaat", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anguterpaat" ], "id": "N_vak_N", "category": "denominal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_qaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "to have a(n) N; there is/are N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qarpoq distinguishes possession from existential use: the existential use has third-person-singular verbal agreement (the source calls its subject the neutral der); this does not constrain the number of the entities whose existence is asserted. The singular nominal host does not determine referent number (qimmeqarpoq can mean having one or several dogs). Many inventory/owned-animal nouns first take -ut, as kaffiuteqarpisi? and qitsuuteqarpoq; qimmeq is explicitly excepted. These source qualifications do not establish an automatic universal -ut insertion rule.", "Surface form -qar before vowel-initial endings (schwa rule)", "Deletes stem-final consonant (truncating)", "peqanngilaq = pi + N_qaq_Vb + V_ngngit_Vb + IND (morphology correct; Counterbot PIN). Dictionary senses include \"does not have anything / there's nothing / is gone / not here\". Composition-feeding fields (verb_phrase, da_verb_phrase, en_short, da_short, composition) are deliberately have-only so V_ngngit_Vb negate wraps to \"does not have ___\" rather than \"do not there is ___\". Existential+negate → \"there is no ___\" is OqAPI responsibility (do not steal N_it_Vb). Do not invent a peqanngilaq stem. Pedagogy imaqarpoq (\"there is something in it\") remains a scholarly/pedagogy example only — not a composition variant." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "have a(n) ___; there is/are ___", "en_short": "have a ___", "da": "at have ___; der er ___", "da_short": "at have ___", "verb_phrase": "have a(n) ___", "da_verb_phrase": "har ___", "composition": { "en": "have a(n) ___", "da": "at have ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "verb_type": "dynamic_undirected", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_qaq_Vb_senses", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.2-§7.5", "AITWG:§8.5-§8.6", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-senses", "output": [ { "id": "actor", "role": "actor", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_qaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have", "arguments": [ "actor", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "retained" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor" ], "case_requirements": [ "AITWG:§8.5 describes the actor construction as intransitive; no case rule generalized here." ], "agreement_requirements": [ "AITWG:§8.6 limits the impersonal existential construction to V{3.sg}." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "The actor possession analysis applies only to the source-described intransitive construction; it is not asserted for the impersonal existential construction.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1 gives existential paraphrases, but their full argument structure is not resolved here." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.2-§7.5", "AITWG:§8.5-§8.6", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "existence", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described impersonal construction only when subject is unspecified and verbal ending is 3.sg", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§8.6" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qimmeqarpoq", "natural": "He has a dog." }, { "surface": "imaqarpoq", "natural": "There is something in it. (imaq 'content(s)' + -qaq; Nielsen2012's example, glossed 'der er noget i')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qarpoq", "Lybech2020:154", "Sadock1980:307", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1" ], "id": "N_qaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_u_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "to be a(n) N (copula)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -uvoq prints -uvoq after i/u, -avoq after a and -juvoq after aa/uu, but +uvoq at strong q stems, especially after +neq. Preserve that source-qualified additive exception alongside ordinary truncation; no automatic all-q truncation or vowel-allomorph rewrite is established here." ], "underlying_form": "-u", "left_sandhi": "truncative" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be a(n) ___", "da": "at være ___", "da_verb_phrase": "at være ___", "verb_phrase": "be a(n) ___", "en_short": "to be a ___", "da_short": "at være ___", "composition": { "en": "be a(n) ___", "da": "at være ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_u_Vb_be_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Lybech2020:154", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§8.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-be-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_u_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "be_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject is a(n) N / copula (palasiuvoq, ilinniartitsisuuvoq, igalaajuvoq).", "AITWG:§8.5 Definition 8.5 requires a stranded modifier after N{-u}V to be absolutive and to agree in number with the verbal ending; this is a construction-specific requirement, not an affix-wide case rule." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Be-N axis ≠ has-become N_nnguq; ≠ is-becoming N_li; ≠ LOC-be-at N_LOC; ≠ each-other N_giik; ≠ grouped-common N_giiaaq; ≠ good-as N_kkuminaq; ≠ grouped-by N_kkuutaaq; ≠ well-suited N_ccaqqik.", "Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'.", "Older-language existential 'der er N' and combinations with ÷ler- 3 / negation verbaliser stay unsupported_omissions (Nielsen extract).", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Lybech2020:154", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent be-N / copula (Nielsen '÷u-/+u-/÷ju-, være N'; AITWG/Lybech S is a(n) N); Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; be ≠ become ≠ is-becoming ≠ LOC-be-at ≠ each-other-N ≠ good-as-N ≠ grouped-by-N ≠ well-suited-as-N; ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Lybech2020:154", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Sandhi-truncative (AITWG Def 2.5/§2.4, same category as N_qaq_Vb) -- but the previous wording here had the rule backwards. AITWG's own worked example for this exact morpheme is {aŋutə}N{-u}V (angut): the citation form's final \"t\" hides a stem-final schwa (cf. angutip, SG-4), so the underlying stem is already vowel-final. Per Def 2.5, when a truncative morpheme meets a vowel-final stem there is already a vowel to join on, so NOTHING is deleted -- the schwa+u sequence then surfaces as \"aa\": angutaavoq. Sadock1980:307 independently gives the weak-q-stem composition {qimmiq}N{-u}V as qimmiuvoq (\"dog-be=3sg\"): the final /q/ is removed, while the stem-final /i/ remains before -u. Thus a following -visi yields qimmiuvisi, not *qimmuvisi.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angutaavoq", "natural": "He is a man." }, { "surface": "qimmiuvoq", "natural": "It is a dog. (Sadock1980:307; exact weak-q-stem + copula example)" }, { "surface": "inuiaqatigiinniarmik nunaffigeqqissaarsinnaanissaminnik nalunaarusiassarsiissitissasinnaavoq", "natural": "It can be announced as a place for human coexistence." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -uvoq", "Lybech2020:154", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§8.5", "Sadock1980:307" ], "id": "N_u_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_lior_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "to make N; to produce N; to work with N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lior", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -liorpoq gives make/build on all stem classes and occasional replacive -siorpoq at t-stems (nakorsaasiorpoq). This make/build allomorph is distinct from the search/travel +siorpoq family. Attachment to an inflected form is licensed only in fixed lexicalised combinations in this passage (kallerup-inniliorfik), not as a general inflected-host rule.", "Truncating; deletes stem-final consonant", "The '-liur dialectal variant' note formerly here (traced to docs/allomorphy.js's own 'Declared but intentionally NOT auto-applied' comment in the sibling oq repo) was investigated and could not be substantiated: MOFO's own N{-liuq}V page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-liuq.html) states 'New orthography: -liorpoq, -siorpoq' with no -liur form anywhere; AITWG-Affixes §5.8 (docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md) gives only '-liorpoq' and notes replacivity on tə-stems (a separate, already-documented phenomenon, unrelated to -liur); Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012's transcribed extracts contain no 'liur' string at all; and no daka.gl-mirror dictionary attests a -liur-final surface word for this affix (python scripts/daka_source_search.py -- liurpoq / liurpaa both return zero hits). Katersat's own FST tag for this morpheme is spelled LIUR (docs/investigations/katersat/katersat-fst-mapping.md), but that is the analyzer's internal tag name, not attested evidence of a surface '-liur' spelling -- and appears to be the actual origin of the original unsourced claim. Conclusion: no independent source documents a genuine -liur dialectal variant of this affix; the note is removed rather than promoted to application_logic.allomorphs, per CLAUDE.md's 'an unverified guess is worse than an honest gap.'" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} makes ___; {{Subject}} produces ___; {{Actor}} works with ___", "en_short": "to make, produce, or work with ___", "da": "at lave ___; at fremstille ___; at arbejde med ___", "da_verb_phrase": "lave ___; fremstille ___; arbejde med ___", "verb_phrase": "make ___; produce ___; work with ___", "da_short": "at lave ___", "composition": { "en": "make ___; produce ___; work with ___", "da": "at lave ___; at fremstille ___; at arbejde med ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "igaliorpaa", "natural": "He is making a window." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -liorpoq", "Fortescue1984:163" ], "id": "N_lior_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_umaar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "to resemble N; to act like N; to go as N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-umaar" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} resembles ___; {{Subject}} acts like ___; {{Subject}} goes as ___", "en_short": "to resemble, act like, or go as ___", "da": "at ligne ___; at opføre sig som ___; at gå som ___", "verb_phrase": "resemble ___; act like ___; go as ___", "da_verb_phrase": "ligner ___; opfører sig som ___; går som ___", "da_short": "at ligne ___", "composition": { "en": "resemble ___; act like ___; go as ___", "da": "at ligne ___; at opføre sig som ___; at gå som ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angutiumaarpoq", "natural": "He acts like a man / He goes as a man." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:354" ], "id": "N_umaar_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_giiaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S'es are mutually N (inherently plural; requires a plural ending)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-giiaar", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "G-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.6 grounds boundary_behavior:additive here (overriding this template's truncating default), the same class already modeled on this repo's N_giit_N/N_gik_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml). No k-final-stem example (Definition 2.6's own narrow truncative exception) was found for this specific affix, so left_sandhi is left at this template's plain default rather than asserting truncative.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text analyses this as N{-giik}V (this repo's N_giik_Vb, below) plus a further, historically unclear extension {-aaq} broadening the group to a wider/more inclusive plurality -- not modeled as a compositional relationship, recorded in prose only." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a whole group are each other's ___ (always about several; needs a plural ending)", "en_short": "a group are each other's ___", "da": "flere er gensidigt ___ (kun i flertal)", "verb_phrase": "be each other's ___ (always about several; needs a plural ending)", "da_short": "flere er gensidigt ___", "composition": { "en": "be each other's ___ (always about several; needs a plural ending)", "da": "flere er gensidigt ___ (kun i flertal)" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er gensidigt ___ (kun i flertal)" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_giiaaq_Vb_be_grouped_as_common_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-be-grouped-as-common-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_giiaaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "be_grouped_as_common_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent plural Subject are mutually / commonly N as a group (assigiiaarput, illugiiaarput, sanileriiaarput); inherently plural — requires plural ending." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Plural-only honesty: inherently plural; requires plural ending (Nielsen 'kun plur.').", "Grouped-common ≠ each-other N_giik; ≠ grouped-by-N-at-a-time N_kkuutaaq.", "Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent plural-only be-grouped-as-common-N (Nielsen '÷giiaar-/+giiaar-, være fælles, flere; kun plur.'; AITWG); Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; plural-only honesty; grouped-common-N ≠ be ≠ become ≠ is-becoming ≠ LOC-be-at ≠ each-other N_giik ≠ good-as-N ≠ grouped-by N_kkuutaaq ≠ well-suited-as-N; ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a verb meaning several subjects are mutually N; inherently plural.", "examples": [ { "surface": "assigiiaarput", "natural": "they are all alike, all equal (from assi, 'picture')" }, { "surface": "illugiiaarput", "natural": "they are arranged in pairs (from illuk, 'one of a pair')" }, { "surface": "sanileriiaarput", "natural": "they are ordered in a row, side by side (from sanileq, 'neighbour')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ], "id": "N_giiaaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_giik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S'es are mutually N; S'es are N with each other (inherently plural; requires a plural ending)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-giig", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.6 describes mixed noun-host g-sandhi: host-final k is deleted while q and vowels are retained. Bjornum2012:K9§6 lists -giipput after vowel, k and t stems and -riipput after q stems. The current additive/default encoding alone does not establish host-sensitive consumer realization; retain this distinction for review." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "they are each other's ___ / they are ___s together (always about several; needs a plural ending)", "en_short": "they are each other's ___", "da": "de er gensidigt ___; de er ___ over for hinanden (kun i flertal)", "verb_phrase": "be each other's ___ (always about several; needs a plural ending)", "da_short": "de er gensidigt ___", "composition": { "en": "they are each other's ___; they are ___s together", "da": "de er gensidigt ___; de er ___ over for hinanden (kun i flertal)" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er gensidigt ___; er ___ over for hinanden (kun i flertal)" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_giik_Vb_be_each_others_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -giipput" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-be-each-others-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_giik_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "be_each_others_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent plural Subject are mutually / each other's N (iligiipput, nuliariipput, qatanngutigiippugut); inherently plural — requires plural ending." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Plural-only honesty: inherently plural; requires plural ending (Nielsen 'kun plur.').", "Each-other-N ≠ grouped-common N_giiaaq; ≠ grouped-by N_kkuutaaq; ≠ be N_u.", "Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -giipput" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent plural-only be-each-other's-N (Nielsen '÷giig-/+giig-, være N med hinanden; kun plur.'; AITWG/Bjørnum); Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; plural-only honesty; each-other-N ≠ be ≠ become ≠ is-becoming ≠ LOC-be-at ≠ good-as-N ≠ grouped-by-N ≠ well-suited-as-N ≠ grouped-common N_giiaaq; ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -giipput" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a verb meaning several subjects mutually hold the relationship named by N with each other -- 'they are N to one another'. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷giig-, +giig- (q-baser, jf. §5.1.4), være om at være N; være N med hinanden; kun plur.' entry, and by Bjornum2012's own '-giipput (pl.) / -riipput (pl.) (ved q-stammen)' entry, glossed identically ('de er fælles om at være ...; de er ... med hinanden') with two further worked examples of its own.", "examples": [ { "surface": "iligiipput", "natural": "they are allies, confederates (Nielsen2012's example, from ili, 'ally, confederate')" }, { "surface": "nuliariipput", "natural": "they are married (Nielsen2012's example, from nuliaq, 'wife'; illustrates the q-stem's own /q/ weakening to /r/ before this g-initial affix)" }, { "surface": "qatanngutigiippugut", "natural": "we are siblings (Bjornum2012's own example, from qatanngut, 'sibling')" }, { "surface": "ikinngutigiipput", "natural": "they are friends (with each other) (Bjornum2012's own example, from ikinngut, 'friend')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -giipput", "Oqaatsit1997:ikinngutigiipput#e3672", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikinngutigiipput#e3533", "Oqaatsit1997:iligiipput#e3921", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iligiipput#e3802" ], "id": "N_giik_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_kkuminaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S is good for/as N (i.e. good to have or use as N)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkuminar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "KK-initial affix (a consonant cluster): both phonotactically truncative (AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4) and sandhi-truncative under AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule -- grounds left_sandhi:truncative here, the same class as this repo's N_kkaaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is good for ___; {{Subject}} is good as ___", "da": "nogen er god til ___; nogen er god som ___", "verb_phrase": "be good for ___; be good as ___ (i.e. good to have or use as ___)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is good for ___; {{Actor}} is good as ___", "da_short": "nogen er god til ___; nogen er god som ___", "composition": { "en": "be good for ___; be good as ___ (i.e. good to have or use as ___)", "da": "nogen er god til ___; nogen er god som ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er god til ___; er god som ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_kkuminaq_Vb_be_good_as_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-be-good-as-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_kkuminaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "be_good_as_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject is a good N to have/use (illukkuminarpoq, akkakkuminarpoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Good-as-N ≠ well-suited-as-N N_ccaqqik (Nielsen ÷ssaqqig- peer, distinct head); ≠ bare be N_u.", "Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent be-a-good-N-to-have/use (Nielsen '÷kkuminar-, være en god N at have/bruge'; AITWG); Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; good-as-N ≠ be ≠ become ≠ is-becoming ≠ LOC-be-at ≠ each-other-N ≠ grouped-by-N ≠ well-suited-as-N N_ccaqqik; ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as good, suitable, or well-suited for some use or role. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷kkuminar-, være en god N at have/bruge' entry, supplying both examples below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illukkuminarpoq", "natural": "it is a good house to live in (Nielsen2012's example, from illu, 'house')" }, { "surface": "akkakkuminarpoq", "natural": "he is a good uncle to have (Nielsen2012's example, from akkak, 'paternal uncle')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ], "id": "N_kkuminaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_kkuutaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "ambitransitive", "meaning": "Subjects are grouped in Ns (plural subjects); historically also, Agent handles Patients in groups of N (plural objects)." }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkuutaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG Definition 2.4 requires truncation before fixed /kk/. MOFO's Default label includes phonotactic truncation, rather than contradicting it.", "The intransitive grouped reading has plural Subjects. Kleinschmidt1871 independently also prints the transitive .kkuutaarpai and the example pingasukkuutaarpai, taking them three at a time; in this reading the Patients are plural, while the Agent can be singular. This historical usage does not make all modern grouping examples transitive.", "The semantic frame below remains unreviewed and covers only the intransitive grouped sense; it does not model the historical transitive reading. No single valency_scale is asserted for both senses.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes this affix is related in meaning to N_giiaaq_Vb above (both express plural grouping); MOFO's own 'See also' cross-reference independently corroborates the same relatedness claim." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "they are grouped in ___s; historically also, {{Subjects}} handles them in groups of ___", "en_short": "{{Subjects}} are grouped in ___s", "da": "de er grupperet i ___'er; ældre brug har også nogen der behandler dem i grupper af ___", "verb_phrase": "be grouped in groups of ___; historically also, handle them in groups of ___", "da_short": "de er grupperet i ___'er", "composition": { "en": "be grouped in groups of ___; historically also, handle them in groups of ___", "da": "de er grupperet i ___'er (kun i flertal)" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er grupperet i ___'er; ældre brug har også nogen der behandler dem i grupper af ___" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_kkuutaaq_Vb", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "ambitransitive", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:.kkuutaarput#e9829", "Kleinschmidt1871:pingasukkuutaarpai#e7115", "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-be-grouped-by-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_kkuutaaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "be_grouped_by_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent plural Subject are N at a time / grouped by N (gruppikkuutaarput, marlukkuutaarput, immikkuutaarput); inherently plural — requires plural ending." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "This frame covers the intransitive sense only; the historical transitive reading is not represented here.", "Plural/grouped honesty: plural Subject in this intransitive frame; historical transitive usage instead has plural Patients.", "Grouped-by-N-at-a-time ≠ each-other N_giik; ≠ grouped-common N_giiaaq.", "Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "Intransitive sense only: source-described monovalent plural/grouped be-N-at-a-time / grouped-by-N (Nielsen '÷kkuutaar-, de er N ad gangen'; AITWG); Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; plural/grouped honesty; grouped-by-N ≠ be ≠ become ≠ is-becoming ≠ LOC-be-at ≠ each-other N_giik ≠ good-as-N ≠ grouped-common N_giiaaq ≠ well-suited-as-N; ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "In the intransitive reading, the plural subjects are arranged in batches/units of N. The historical transitive reading instead groups plural objects. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷kkuutaar-, de er N ad gangen' entry, supplying all three examples below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "gruppikkuutaarput", "natural": "they are in groups (from gruppi, 'group', a loanword)" }, { "surface": "marlukkuutaarput", "natural": "they are two and two, in pairs (from marluk, 'two')" }, { "surface": "immikkuutaarput", "natural": "they are each on their own, separately (from immikkut, 'separately')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:.kkuutaarput#e9829", "Kleinschmidt1871:pingasukkuutaarpai#e7115", "MOFO:nv/kkuutaaq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ], "id": "N_kkuutaaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_LOC_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S is in/at/on N (verbalisation of the locative case)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "±miip", "notes": [ "Compound locative verbaliser (source bracket form N{LOC}{ət}V). This entry stores the combined miip citation, including the locative marker; its established worked-chain convention is bare noun stem + N_LOC_Vb + verbal ending, as in ini → inimiippoq (Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1; existing cited worked example). Do not append the full miip form after an already-realized N_LOC_SG: that would duplicate the locative marker. Source analysis as locative plus ət is distinct from this combined-entry representation; a post-case verbalizer, including demonstrative locatives, needs its own reviewed attachment contract. The source's miip/niip citation variants remain evidence, not an implemented general post-case allomorph rule.", "Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('±miip-/±niip-, verbaliseret lokativ, jf. §4.1.1; være på/i/ved/hos N') and Bjornum2012 ('-/+miippoq n-v er i; er på; er hos (af: -/+mi lokativ og ippoq er)'), both explicitly naming this as the locative case plus N{-u}V/N{it}V's own -ippoq 'to be' (this repo's N_u_Vb/N_it_Vb) -- i.e. a transparent, still-analysable compound, not a fully fused single morpheme." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is in/at/on ___", "da": "nogen er i/på/ved ___", "verb_phrase": "be in/at/on ___ (verbalisation of the locative case)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is in/at/on ___", "da_short": "nogen er i/på/ved ___", "composition": { "en": "be in/at/on ___ (verbalisation of the locative case)", "da": "nogen er i/på/ved ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er i/på/ved ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_LOC_Vb_be_at_locative", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+miippoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-be-at-locative", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_LOC_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "be_at_locative", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject is in/at/on/at-the-place-of N via LOC-case verbaliser (inimiippoq, apummiippoq, Jensikkunniippoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "LOC-be-at ≠ bare be N_u; ≠ go-to motion §5.3.1.6 Soft-PIN E candidates (N_ALL/N_ABL/N_VIA/N_liaq_move).", "Combined miip citation includes locative material; a realized locative followed by a post-case operator is a separate representation (AITWG:§13.6).", "Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+miippoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent LOC-case be-at/in/on-N (Nielsen '±miip-/±niip-, være på/i/ved/hos N'; AITWG/Bjørnum); Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; LOC-be-at ≠ be ≠ become ≠ is-becoming ≠ each-other-N ≠ good-as-N ≠ grouped-by-N ≠ well-suited-as-N; ≠ Axis B feel; ≠ Soft-PIN E motion go-to; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+miippoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Verbalises the locative case: 'to be located in/at/on N'. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 with closely matching examples.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inimiippoq", "natural": "he is in the room (Nielsen2012's example, from ini, 'room')" }, { "surface": "Piitap inaaniippoq", "natural": "she is in Peter's room (Nielsen2012's example, showing attachment after a possessed locative form)" }, { "surface": "apummiippoq", "natural": "he is in the snow (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from aput, 'snow')" }, { "surface": "Jensikkunniippoq", "natural": "she is at Jens and his family's place (Nielsen2012's example, from Jensikkut, 'Jens and them'; illustrates the -niip- allomorph after this n-final host)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+miippoq", "AITWG:§13.6" ], "id": "N_LOC_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_nnguq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S becomes a(n) N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngor", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1 explicitly marks ÷nngor- and gives savik, *kniv*; savinngorpoq. AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 independently requires deletion of a host-final consonant before a fixed consonant cluster. This incoming rule is separate from the derived stem-final class; MOFO Default is not an explicit additive exception.", "MOFO's own page additionally records a divalent sense not found in AITWG-Affixes' own text for this exact bracket form ('Agent makes Patient be N') -- not modeled here; the transitive causative sense is independently and separately modeled by this repo's N_nnguqtet_Vb below (bracket N{ŋŋuqtət}V, AITWG-Affixes' own §5.8 entry, -nngortippaa), which is the causativised counterpart of this affix per AITWG-Affixes' own text there, not a duplicate of it." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} becomes a(n) ___", "da": "nogen bliver en ___", "verb_phrase": "become a(n) ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} becomes a ___", "da_short": "nogen bliver en ___", "composition": { "en": "become a(n) ___", "da": "nogen bliver en ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver en ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_nnguq_Vb_has_become_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -nngorpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-has-become-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_nnguq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "has_become_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject has become / is now N (palasinngorpoq, ataatanngorpoq, savinngorpoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Has-become ≠ be N_u; ≠ is-becoming N_li; ≠ appoint/make-into framed N_nnguqtet (Soft-PIN C; leave alone).", "Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -nngorpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent has-become-N (Nielsen '÷nngor-, er blevet N'; AITWG/Bjørnum S becomes a(n) N); Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; become ≠ be ≠ is-becoming ≠ LOC-be-at ≠ each-other-N ≠ good-as-N ≠ grouped-by-N ≠ well-suited-as-N; ≠ framed appoint N_nnguqtet; ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -nngorpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having become or turned into N. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('÷nngor-, er blevet N') and Bjornum2012 ('-nngorpoq n-v er blevet'), which supply the examples below between them.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ataatanngorpoq", "natural": "he has become a father (Bjornum2012's example, from ataata, 'father')" }, { "surface": "palasinngorpoq", "natural": "he has become a priest (Nielsen2012's example, from palasi, 'priest')" }, { "surface": "savinngorpoq", "natural": "it has become a knife (Nielsen2012's example, from savik, 'knife'; the host-final /k/ deletes before the fixed ŋŋ onset, as Nielsen's truncative marker and AITWG Definition 2.4 specify)" }, { "surface": "marlunngorpoq", "natural": "it is two o'clock (Bjornum2012's example, from marluk, 'two'; illustrates the allative-like time-telling use also seen on N_ALL_Vb below)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -nngorpoq" ], "id": "N_nnguq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_ccaqqik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S is good/well-suited to use as N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssaqqik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes prints fixed-cluster N{ccaqqik}V, requiring phonotactic truncation under AITWG:§2.3. MOFO:nv/kcaqqik explicitly lists right assibilation. The citation -ssaqqippoq shows k+p assimilation, not t-to-s; retain the source facet without treating that citation as proof or inventing a selector.", "The prospective-N meaning is source-attested, but MOFO explicitly questions the proposed constituent combination. No component decomposition is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is good to use as ___; {{Subject}} is well-suited to use as ___", "da": "nogen er god til brug som ___; nogen er velegnet til brug som ___", "verb_phrase": "be good to use as ___; be well-suited to use as ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is good to use as ___; {{Actor}} is well-suited to use as ___", "da_short": "god til brug som ___; velegnet til brug som ___", "composition": { "en": "be good to use as ___; be well-suited to use as ___", "da": "god til brug som ___; velegnet til brug som ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er god til brug som ___; er velegnet til brug som ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_ccaqqik_Vb_be_well_suited_as_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-be-well-suited-as-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_ccaqqik_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "be_well_suited_as_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject is well-suited / good to use as N (savissaqqippoq, suliassaqqipoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Well-suited-as-N ≠ good-to-have/use N_kkuminaq (Nielsen ÷kkuminar- peer, distinct head); ≠ bare be N_u.", "Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent be-well-suited-as-N (Nielsen '÷ssaqqig-, være velegnet som N'; AITWG S is good/well-suited to use as N); Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; well-suited-as-N ≠ be ≠ become ≠ is-becoming ≠ LOC-be-at ≠ each-other-N ≠ good-as-N N_kkuminaq ≠ grouped-by-N; ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as being well-suited to use as N. Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.1 independently prints ÷ssaqqig-, være velegnet som N, with savissaqqippoq (good as a knife). Its work example is printed suliassaqqipoq; retain that source spelling when quoting Nielsen rather than silently normalizing it.", "examples": [ { "surface": "savissaqqippoq", "natural": "it is good as a knife (Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.1, from savik, knife)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "MOFO:nv/kcaqqik", "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1" ], "id": "N_ccaqqik_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_ilatti_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S is short of N; there is a lack/shortage of N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ilatsi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "underlying_form corrected (oq#380 follow-up round) from '-ilatti' to '-ilatsi': MOFO's own page names the morphemic LABEL 'N{-ilatti}V' but its own 'New orthography' field gives every attested surface realization as ts-spelled (-ilatsivoq, -alatsivoq, -vilatsivoq), matching this entry's own already-cited Nielsen2012 forms below (iipililatsivoq, inuilatsivoq) -- the tt-spelled label had been copied into the synchronic-form field this schema uses for the engine's own build input, not the ts-spelled attested surface.", "Incoming attachment is truncative: Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.2 prints ÷ilatsi- and inuk → inuilatsivoq, with no retained host-final k. AITWG §2.4 Definition 2.7 independently classifies vowel-initial affixes as sandhi-truncative. MOFO labels the left sandhi Default, whose tooltip includes predictable phonotactic truncation; Default does not assert additive attachment. The earlier claim that Nielsen showed no deleted host-final consonant was incorrect. Vowel alternants and output inflection are separate questions." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is short of ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is short of ___", "da": "nogen mangler ___; der er mangel på ___", "verb_phrase": "be short of ___; there is a lack of ___; there is a shortage of ___", "da_short": "nogen mangler ___", "composition": { "en": "be short of ___; there is a lack of ___; there is a shortage of ___", "da": "nogen mangler ___; der er mangel på ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "mangler ___; der er mangel på ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as lacking, or being short of, N; can also be used in an avalent 'there is a shortage of N' sense per MOFO. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷ilatsi-, mangle, der er få/lidt N' entry, supplying both examples below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "iipililatsivoq", "natural": "there is a shortage of apples (Nielsen2012's example, from iipili, 'apple')" }, { "surface": "inuilatsivoq", "natural": "he misses people, feels a lack of company (Nielsen2012's example, from inuk, 'person')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2" ], "id": "N_ilatti_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_iqsi_lost_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has lost N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-erser", "left_sandhi": "aq_truncative", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION -- kept separate from N_iqsi_cold_Vb below, despite AITWG-Affixes' own identical bracket notation N{-iqsi}V and citation form -ersivoq for both: Nielsen2012 independently gives genuinely DIFFERENT citation forms for the two senses -- '÷erser-, har mistet sin N' (this entry, §5.3.1.2 'Mangle N') vs '÷ersi-, ÷versi- (efter lang vokal) fryse om N' (N_iqsi_cold_Vb, §5.3.1.3 'Føle pga. N') -- stronger, form-level evidence of two distinct (if historically related) morphemes than AITWG-Affixes' own collapsed single notation preserves; not silently merged. MOFO's own affix page for this entry (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-iqsiq.html, New orthography -erserpoq/-arserpoq/-verserpoq) independently confirms only the 'has lost N' sense, with no 'feels cold' meaning listed on that same page -- corroborating the split.", "MOFO's own page records left sandhi 'Truncative, /aq/ deleting' (i.e. deletes a preceding /aq/ specifically, not just any consonant) -- grounds left_sandhi:aq_truncative here, the same value already established on this repo's N_iq_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, a formally similar q-deleting affix)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has lost ___", "da": "nogen har mistet ___", "verb_phrase": "have lost ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has lost ___", "da_short": "nogen har mistet ___", "composition": { "en": "have lost ___", "da": "nogen har mistet ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har mistet ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having lost N (a possession, most often).", "examples": [ { "surface": "uluerserpoq", "natural": "she has lost her ulu (woman's knife) (Nielsen2012's example, from ulu, 'ulu')" }, { "surface": "annoraaverserpoq", "natural": "he has lost his anorak (Nielsen2012's example, from annoraaq, 'anorak')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2" ], "id": "N_iqsi_lost_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_irut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A deprives P of N; A removes N from P (also, used intransitively without the {ci} HTR-morpheme: 'there are no more N; S has no more N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_irut_Vb:2ac282536bdf", "items": [ { "text": "A deprives P of N; A removes N from P (also, used intransitively without the {ci} HTR-morpheme: 'there are no more N; S has no more N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -eruppoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-irut", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "notes": [ "COMBINED entry: AITWG-Affixes' own text presents N{-irut(ə)}V twice with the identical bracket form -- §5.2 ('S has no more N', -eruppoq) and §5.8 ('A deprives P of N', -eruppaa/-erussivoq) -- and this repo's N_iq_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) already establishes the precedent of modeling a formally similar affix's transitive/intransitive/avalent senses as ONE entry rather than splitting by subsection. MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-irut(ə).html) independently confirms this is a single morpheme with exactly these three related senses listed together ('Agent deprives Patient of N', 'Actor=Patient is without N', 'there is no more N') -- the same tie-breaker evidence used to combine N_lire_Vb, N_licaq_Vb, N_siuq_Vb and N_iaq_Vb below.", "Nielsen2012 independently corroborates both senses as one lexical family, cross-numbered '÷erutə- 1' (§5.3.1.2, intransitive 'no more N') and '÷erutə- 2' (§5.3.1.8.1.1, transitive 'removes N from obj'); Bjornum2012 independently attests the intransitive sense ('-eruppoq (efter i og u) / -aruppoq (efter a) / -veruppoq (efter aa), n-v har mistet sin; der er ikke mere el. flere') with five worked examples of its own.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text also cites a variant form N{ccairut(ə)}V (-ssaaruppoq), analysed there as this affix built on N{ccaq}N ('future N') instead of the bare stem, 'but there seems to be no difference in meaning' -- recorded here as a documented variant, not modeled as a separate underlying_form entry. MOFO's own separate page for this variant (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/kcairut(ə).html) independently confirms it as monovalent-only ('Actor=Patient lacks N'), consistent with AITWG-Affixes' own claim that it patterns like the plain intransitive sense.", "right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering mirrors this repo's existing tunniut entry: the transitive citation forms -eruppaa/-erussivoq show the same /t/-plus-following-consonant assimilation pattern (t+p -> pp, t+s -> ss) already modeled there, consistent with the underlying schwa-final /irutə/ shape AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation preserves." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} takes ___ away from {{Patient}}; there's no more ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} takes ___ away from {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen fratager nogen ___; fjerner ___ fra nogen", "verb_phrase": "deprive {{Patient}} of ___; remove ___ from {{Patient}} (also, used intransitively without the {ci} HTR-morpheme: 'there are no more ___; {{Subject}} has no more ___')", "da_short": "nogen fratager nogen ___", "composition": { "en": "deprive {{Patient}} of ___; remove ___ from {{Patient}} (also, used intransitively without the {ci} HTR-morpheme: 'there are no more ___; {{Subject}} has no more ___')", "da": "nogen fratager nogen ___; fjerner ___ fra nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "fratager nogen ___; fjerner ___ fra nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Core transitive sense: the Agent takes N away from, or deprives, the Patient of it. Used intransitively (without the {ci} HTR-morpheme) it means the Subject itself has lost, or is left without, all its N -- 'there are no more N; N is gone'; per AITWG-Affixes this intransitive sense can also be fully avalent/impersonal with a 3p.sg ending ('there is no more N').", "examples": [ { "surface": "sikueruppoq", "natural": "there is no more ice; the ice is gone (AITWG-Affixes' own example, avalent/impersonal use, from siku, 'ice')" }, { "surface": "nukeeruppoq", "natural": "he has lost his strength (Bjornum2012's example, from nukik, 'muscle, strength')" }, { "surface": "imaaruppoq", "natural": "there is no more of it (Bjornum2012's example, from imaq, 'contents')" }, { "surface": "sikkileeruppaa", "natural": "he takes his bicycle away from him (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1; from sikkili, bicycle)" }, { "surface": "igalaaveruppaa", "natural": "he takes the window out of the house (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1 prints illu igalaaveruppaa; from igalaaq, window)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -eruppoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.eruppaa#e9742" ], "id": "N_irut_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_isak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "there are almost no N; there are very few N (usually avalent, with a 3p.sg ending)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_isak_Vb:832666418352", "items": [ { "text": "there are almost no N; there are very few N (usually avalent, with a 3p.sg ending)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG:§2.4", "MOFO:nv/-(q)isak", "Oqaatsit1997:-isappoq#e5534" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-isak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22 writes N{-isak}V: the stored -isak is vowel-initial, not k-initial. AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 explicitly includes vowel-initial affixes and grounds the existing truncative selector. The scarcity suffix cited at Oqaatsit1997:-isappoq#e5534 is distinct from the unrelated bare arm-extension verb isappoq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "there are almost no ___; there are very few ___", "en_short": "there are almost no ___; there are very few ___", "da": "der er meget få ___", "verb_phrase": "there are almost no ___; there are very few ___", "da_verb_phrase": "der er næsten ingen ___; der er meget få ___", "da_short": "der er næsten ingen ___; der er meget få ___", "composition": { "en": "there are almost no ___; there are very few ___", "da": "der er næsten ingen ___; der er meget få ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "avalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an almost absent or very small quantity of N. AITWG-Affixes calls this 'there are very few N' and says it is usually avalent with a 3sg ending; MOFO's separate N{-(q)isak}V page gives 'there are almost no N' and examples `inuisappoq`, `mitiisappoq`, `tuttuisappoq`, and `aputaasappoq`. Oqaatsit1997 `-isappoq#e5534` independently lists `inuisappoq` (almost deserted), `mitiisappoq` (few eider ducks), and `tuttuisappoq` (almost no reindeer). Oqaatsit `-asappoq#e2668` has several related scarcity forms, but also unrelated `asappoq` headword `#e1985`; `-visappoq#e18704` is a related cross-referenced spelling. Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2 independently lists ÷isag- with `tuttuisappoq` and `aputaasappoq`. These forms do not license a general host-class or allomorph rule beyond the existing AITWG-backed analysis." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG:§2.4", "MOFO:nv/-(q)isak", "Oqaatsit1997:-isappoq#e5534", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2" ], "id": "N_isak_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_it_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "there is no N; S is without N (can be used both avalently and monovalently)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-it", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "notes": [ "Vowel-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 grounds left_sandhi:truncative here. MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-it.html) independently records right sandhi 'Assibilation (t⇒s), tð⇒ts' and a t-stem type, consistent with this repo's existing amiq/taliq/ukaliq right_sandhi:assibilation family.", "morphology_class.stem_type:alveolar_final_stem (oq#380 follow-up round): once this affix attaches, the resulting derived verb ends in a real, phonologically active /t/ (its own underlying_form's final letter) that behaves exactly like any other t-final verb stem (toqut, tikit, this repo's own alveolar_final_stem family) for the ending that follows -- MOFO's own affix page already names this a 't-stem type' (see the note above), independently corroborating the same fact. Confirmed against the entry's own cited sikuippoq: siku + it -> sikuit (t-final), + V_IND_INTR_3SG's consonant-initial allomorph 'poq' needs Definition 3.9's regressive assimilation (t+p -> pp) to reach the attested sikuippoq, not sikuitpoq -- previously silently wrong since oq had no stem_type to key that assimilation off for a mid-chain-formed t-final host." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "there is no ___", "en_short": "there is no ___", "da": "der er ingen ___", "verb_phrase": "there is no ___", "da_short": "der er ingen ___", "composition": { "en": "there is no ___", "da": "der er ingen ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent", "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_it_Vb_absence", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-absence", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_it_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "absent", "arguments": [ "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22 permits avalent and monovalent uses; avalent absence typically pairs with a 3sg ending in source pedagogy." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Case-level scope relative to N_qaq_Vb possession versus N_qaq_Vb+V_ngngit_Vb composition remains an evaluation concern, not a general cited operator rewrite.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "negate", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described absence of N (avalent 'there is no N' or monovalent 'S is without N'); distinct from ordinary V_ngngit_Vb predicate negation and from N_qaq_Vb+V_ngngit_Vb composition", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012 describes no N or being without N. Oqaatsit1997:-ippoq#e5532 also glosses saarulliippoq as cod being scarce, so not every attested example expresses absolute absence. No general scarcity operator is inferred.", "examples": [ { "surface": "saarulliippoq", "natural": "cod are scarce (Oqaatsit1997:-ippoq#e5532)" }, { "surface": "sikuippoq", "natural": "there is no ice (Nielsen2012's example, from siku, 'ice')" }, { "surface": "nipaappoq", "natural": "it/he is quiet, silent (Nielsen2012's example, from nipi, 'sound'; illustrates the schwa-stem's own vowel behaviour, not this affix's own sandhi)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:-ippoq#e5532", "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2" ], "id": "N_it_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_ccailiqe_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S lacks N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssaaleqi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Incoming attachment is truncative: AITWG-Affixes p.22 gives N{ccailiqə}V, a fixed initial consonant cluster covered by AITWG §2.4 Definition 2.7; Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.2 independently prints ÷ssaaleqi-. MOFO Default left sandhi includes predictable phonotactic truncation. This affix is not vowel-initial. Its historical final schwa and absence of special schwa endings describe the output inflection, not the incoming boundary." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} lacks ___", "da": "nogen mangler ___", "verb_phrase": "lack ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} lacks ___", "da_short": "nogen mangler ___", "composition": { "en": "lack ___", "da": "nogen mangler ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "mangler ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as lacking N. Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.2 independently prints ÷ssaaleqi-, mangle N, with inissaaleqivoq (he is without accommodation) and atisassaaleqivoq (he lacks clothes). N_it_Vb is a formally distinct lacking affix.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inissaaleqivoq", "natural": "he is without accommodation (Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.2, from ini, room)" }, { "surface": "atisassaaleqivoq", "natural": "he lacks clothes (Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.2, from atisat, clothes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2", "Oqaatsit1997:-ssaaleqivoq#e15844" ], "id": "N_ccailiqe_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_ccaisua_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S lacks N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssaasua", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22 prints N{ccaisua}V. The fixed initial cluster requires phonotactic truncation under AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4. MOFO:nv/kcaisua lists default left sandhi; its vowel-stem label describes the resulting verb, not a vowel-initial affix. The output label does not justify additive attachment. Its etymology remains uncertain." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} lacks ___", "da": "nogen mangler ___", "verb_phrase": "lack ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} lacks ___", "da_short": "nogen mangler ___", "composition": { "en": "lack ___", "da": "nogen mangler ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "mangler ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as lacking N -- near-synonymous with N_ccailiqe_Vb above; AITWG-Affixes lists both as separate headwords with the identical bare gloss 'S lacks N', kept as two separate entries here matching the source's own presentation. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found (searched for 'ssaasua'/'÷ssaasua' in both extract trees).", "examples": [ { "surface": "imissaasuavoq", "natural": "it lacks water (Oqaatsit1997:-ssaasuavoq#e15855)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "MOFO:nv/kcaisua", "Oqaatsit1997:-ssaasuavoq#e15855", "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "N_ccaisua_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_guk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S longs/thirsts for N (typically foods; also, informally, of missing a person)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_guk_Vb:6a1eb474acfe", "items": [ { "text": "S longs/thirsts for N (typically foods; also, informally, of missing a person)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-guk", "notes": [ "G-initial affix, but of the /guk/ shape rather than the ordinary g-initial class covered by AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.6 (which addresses affixes like N_giit_N/N_giiaaq_Vb whose bracket form begins directly with the join consonant): MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-guk.html) records left sandhi 'Fusional' (the same value already used on this repo's N_liaq_N/N_liqsaarut_N/N_livik_N family, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, for a preceding-syllable gemination-and-replace pattern) rather than plain additive or truncative -- not asserted as left_sandhi:fusional here for lack of a directly attested host-fusion example in either Nielsen2012 or the AITWG-Affixes text itself; recorded in prose only, boundary_behavior left at this template's truncating default pending real fusion evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} longs for ___; {{Subject}} thirsts for ___", "da": "nogen længes efter ___; nogen tørster efter ___", "verb_phrase": "long for ___; thirst for ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} longs for ___; {{Subject}} thirsts for ___", "da_short": "nogen længes efter ___; nogen tørster efter ___", "composition": { "en": "long for ___; thirst for ___", "da": "nogen længes efter ___; nogen tørster efter ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "længes efter ___; tørster efter ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_guk_Vb_long_thirst_for_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-long-thirst-for-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_guk_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "long_thirst_for_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject longs/thirsts for N, typically foods (tupaguppoq); informally also missing a person." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Long/thirst ≠ feel-cold N_iqsi_cold; ≠ fed-up N_katak; ≠ eager N_nngiq; ≠ pain-aversion N_nngu.", "Axis B feel — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis A be/become; never mush 'state of N' / never clone be-prose onto feel.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent long/thirst-for-N (Nielsen '÷gug-, tørste, længes efter N'; AITWG); Axis B feel — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; long/thirst ≠ cold ≠ fed-up ≠ eager ≠ pain-aversion; ≠ Axis A be/become; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as longing or thirsting for N -- typically used of foods and drinks, but per AITWG-Affixes occasionally (informally, some would say slang) used of missing a person. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷gug-, +gug- (q-baser), tørste, længes efter N' entry. Kleinschmidt1871 .guppoq also records suffering because of N, through excess or lack, alongside craving enjoyable N, and refers to kiaguppoq and ippiguppoq. MOFO separately records a suffering use, likely nonproductive, and explicitly leaves kiaguppoq noun-versus-verb derivation unresolved. This is a source-scoped historical usage note; it does not admit unrestricted productive suffering, new attachment behavior, or a resolved segmentation.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tupaguppoq", "natural": "he is craving a smoke (Nielsen2012's example, from tupa, 'tobacco')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3", "Kleinschmidt1871:.guppoq#e9757" ], "id": "N_guk_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_iqsi_cold_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S feels cold/freezes in his N (only used with parts of the body)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ersi", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION -- kept separate from N_iqsi_lost_Vb above; see that entry's own note for the full Nielsen2012-based reasoning (÷erser- 'has lost' vs ÷ersi-/÷versi- 'freezes', two distinct citation forms collapsed under one AITWG-Affixes bracket notation).", "No MOFO affix page was found under this specific gloss (only -iqsiq.html, modeling the 'has lost N' sense with no second meaning listed) -- this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes' own text and Nielsen2012's independent corroboration alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} feels cold in a body part; {{Subject}} freezes in a body part", "da": "nogen fryser i en kropsdel", "verb_phrase": "feel cold in ___; freeze in ___ (a body part)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} feels cold in ___; {{Actor}} freezes in ___", "da_short": "nogen fryser i ___ (en kropsdel)", "composition": { "en": "feel cold in ___; freeze in ___ (a body part)", "da": "nogen fryser i ___ (en kropsdel)" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "fryser i en kropsdel" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_iqsi_cold_Vb_feel_cold_in_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-feel-cold-in-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_iqsi_cold_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "feel_cold_in_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject feels cold / freezes in body-part N only (putuguersivoq, naaversivoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Body-part hosts only; DISAMBIGUATION from N_iqsi_lost_Vb (÷erser- has-lost) already on catalog row.", "Feel-cold ≠ long N_guk; ≠ fed-up N_katak; ≠ eager N_nngiq; ≠ pain-aversion N_nngu.", "Axis B feel — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis A be/become; never mush 'state of N' / never clone be-prose onto feel.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent feel-cold/freeze-in-body-part-N (Nielsen '÷ersi-/÷versi-, fryse om N'; AITWG); Axis B feel — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; body-part hosts only; cold ≠ long ≠ fed-up ≠ eager ≠ pain-aversion; ≠ Axis A be/become; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as feeling cold in, or freezing, a named body part; restricted to body-part nouns per both sources. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷ersi-, ÷versi- (efter lang vokal) fryse om N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "putuguersivoq", "natural": "his big toe is freezing (Nielsen2012's example, from putugoq, 'big toe')" }, { "surface": "naaversivoq", "natural": "his stomach is cold (Nielsen2012's example, from naat, pl. of naaq, 'stomach'; illustrates the -versi- allomorph after this long-vowel-final host)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ], "id": "N_iqsi_cold_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_katak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S is fed up with (eating) N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-katak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule grounds left_sandhi:truncative here, independently confirmed by MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-katak.html), which records plain 'Truncative' left sandhi.", "morphology_class.stem_type:velar_final_stem (oq#380 follow-up round): once this affix attaches, the resulting derived verb ends in a real, phonologically active /k/ (its own underlying_form's final letter) that behaves exactly like any other k-final verb stem for the ending that follows, per AITWG's general Definition 3.9 (regressive consonant-cluster assimilation, already grounding this repo's velar_final_stem value elsewhere). Confirmed against the entry's own cited angutikatappoq: angut + katak -> angutikatak (k-final), + V_IND_INTR_3SG's consonant-initial allomorph 'poq' needs k+p -> pp to reach the attested angutikatappoq, not angutikatakpoq -- previously silently wrong since oq had no stem_type to key that assimilation off for a mid-chain-formed k-final host." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is fed up with (eating) ___", "da": "nogen er led og ked af (at spise) ___", "verb_phrase": "be fed up with (eating) ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} is fed up with (eating) ___", "da_short": "nogen er led og ked af ___", "composition": { "en": "be fed up with (eating) ___", "da": "nogen er led og ked af (at spise) ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er led og ked af (at spise) ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent", "stem_type": "velar_final_stem" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_katak_Vb_fed_up_with_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -katappoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-fed-up-with-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_katak_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "fed_up_with_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject is fed up with (eating) N (angutikatappoq, biilikatappoq, juullikatappoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Fed-up ≠ long N_guk; ≠ feel-cold N_iqsi_cold; ≠ eager N_nngiq; ≠ pain-aversion N_nngu.", "Axis B feel — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis A be/become; never mush 'state of N' / never clone be-prose onto feel.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -katappoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent fed-up-with-(eating)-N (Nielsen '÷katag- 1, er blevet træt af N'; AITWG/Bjørnum); Axis B feel — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; fed-up ≠ long ≠ cold ≠ eager ≠ pain-aversion; ≠ Axis A be/become; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -katappoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as tired or fed up with N, especially with eating it. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('÷katag- 1, er blevet træt af N') and Bjornum2012 ('-katappoq v-v, n-v er træt af'), which supply the examples below between them.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angutikatappoq", "natural": "she has grown tired of men (Nielsen2012's example, from angut, 'man')" }, { "surface": "biilikatappoq", "natural": "he is tired of driving (Bjornum2012's example, from biili, 'car', a loanword)" }, { "surface": "juullikatappoq", "natural": "he has had enough of Christmas (Bjornum2012's example, from juulli, 'Christmas')" }, { "surface": "nakorsaatikatappoq", "natural": "he is tired of (taking) medicine (Bjornum2012's example, from nakorsaat, 'medicine')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -katappoq" ], "id": "N_katak_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_lire_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S feels pain in his N (parts of the body only); also, S works with/occupies himself with N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_lire_Vb:f0e9156fad24", "items": [ { "text": "S feels pain in his N (parts of the body only); also, S works with/occupies himself with N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lerivoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-leri", "left_sandhi": "schwa_buffered_truncative", "notes": [ "COMBINED entry: AITWG-Affixes' own text presents N{-lirə}V twice with the identical bracket form and citation (-lerivoq, (-leraaq)) -- §5.3 ('S feels pain in his N', body parts only) and §5.8 ('S works with N; S occupies himself with N') -- and MOFO's own single affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-lirə.html) independently lists BOTH senses together on that one page ('Actor works with N', 'Actor feels pain in his N') rather than as two separate pages, the same tie-breaker evidence used to combine N_irut_Vb above and N_licaq_Vb/N_siuq_Vb/N_iaq_Vb below.", "Nielsen2012 also treats these as one lexical family, explicitly cross-referencing itself: '÷leri- 1, ÷seri- (nogle t-baser), have ondt i N; se også §5.3.1.8.2.3' (§5.3.1.3) points forward to '÷leri- 2, beskæftige sig med N; ÷seri- ved nogle t-baser; fusionerende hvis basen ender på -aq eller -eq' (§5.3.1.8.2.3) -- the same 'jf./se også' cross-reference style Nielsen2012 uses elsewhere for genuinely one affix's related senses, not for unrelated homographs.", "This is a true schwa-stem per AITWG-Affixes' own text ('It may display sound replacivity on tə-stems... probably not used with the special endings for schwa-stems nowadays, although these forms... are noted in older dictionaries, e.g. Schultz-Lorentzen (1958)'); left_sandhi:schwa_buffered_truncative is used to record the historical schwa-stem class while MOFO's own page ('ə-stem') independently corroborates that stem-type classification, without asserting the now-obsolete special schwa endings are still productive." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} feels pain in a body part; or works with ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} feels pain in ___ (a body part)", "da": "nogen har smerter i en kropsdel; også: nogen arbejder med/beskæftiger sig med ___", "verb_phrase": "feel pain in ___ (a body part); also, {{Subject}} works with ___; also, {{Subject}} occupies ___", "da_short": "nogen har smerter i ___ (en kropsdel)", "composition": { "en": "feel pain in ___ (a body part); also, {{Subject}} works with ___; also, {{Subject}} occupies ___", "da": "nogen har smerter i ___ (en kropsdel); også: nogen arbejder med ___; også: nogen beskæftiger sig med ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har smerter i en kropsdel; også: nogen arbejder med/beskæftiger sig med ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Two related senses, per both AITWG-Affixes' own two-subsection listing and Nielsen2012's cross-referenced pair: (1) restricted to body-part nouns, 'feels pain in N'; (2) more general, 'occupies himself with, works with N'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "niuleripoq", "natural": "his legs hurt (Nielsen2012's example, from niu, 'leg'; body-part sense)" }, { "surface": "uummaserivoq", "natural": "he has a heartache (Nielsen2012's example, from uummat, 'heart', a t-stem showing the ÷seri- allomorph; body-part sense)" }, { "surface": "kigutilerivoq", "natural": "he works with teeth, i.e. he is a dentist (Bjornum2012's example, from kigut, 'tooth'; 'works with N' sense)" }, { "surface": "apuserivoq", "natural": "he plays with/in the snow (Bjornum2012's example, from aput, 'snow'; 'works with N' sense)" }, { "surface": "aalisakkerivoq", "natural": "he works with fish (Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012; from aalisagaq, 'fish', with lexical stem fusion; 'works with N' sense)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lerivoq" ], "id": "N_lire_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_nngiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S likes/is crazy about N (seemingly mostly used with foods)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnger", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3, original printed p.72, explicitly gives ÷nnger- and arnaq -> arnanngerpoq. The original PDF was visually checked; the previous transcription inserted an extra n and led to an unsupported additive-boundary inference. Deleting final q leaves arna, followed by nnger. AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 independently requires truncation before a consonant cluster. Current MOFO:nv/ŋŋiq independently describes this same monovalent craves-N sense. Its irregular angutanngerpoq and proposed normalized angutinngerpoq do not establish a general geminating rule or a new attested example." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} likes ___; {{Subject}} is crazy about ___", "da": "nogen kan lide ___; nogen er vild med ___", "verb_phrase": "like ___; be crazy about ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} likes ___; {{Actor}} is crazy about ___", "da_short": "nogen kan lide ___; nogen er vild med ___", "composition": { "en": "like ___; be crazy about ___", "da": "nogen kan lide ___; nogen er vild med ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "kan lide ___; er vild med ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_nngiq_Vb_eager_crazy_about_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-eager-crazy-about-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_nngiq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "eager_crazy_about_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject is crazy-about / eager for N, seemingly mostly foods (arnanngerpoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Eager/crazy-about ≠ long N_guk; ≠ feel-cold N_iqsi_cold; ≠ fed-up N_katak; ≠ pain-aversion N_nngu.", "MOFO divalent 'positions in N of Patient' sense for same bracket stays unsupported_omissions (catalog honesty).", "Axis B feel — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis A be/become; never mush 'state of N' / never clone be-prose onto feel.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent eager/crazy-about-N (Nielsen '÷nnger-, være ivrig efter N, længes efter N'; AITWG); Axis B feel — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; eager ≠ long ≠ cold ≠ fed-up ≠ pain-aversion; ≠ Axis A be/become; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as being eager for, or crazy about, N -- per AITWG-Affixes mostly used with foods. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷nnger-, være ivrig efter N, længes efter N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "arnanngerpoq", "natural": "he is crazy about women (Nielsen2012's example, from arnaq, 'woman')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/ŋŋiq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3", "AITWG:§2.3" ], "id": "N_nngiq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_nngu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S feels pain in a body part N or aversion to N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngu", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22 describes body-part pain. Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3 also gives aversion to halibut (qaleralinnguvoq); Rasmussen1893:.nnguvoq#e2449 records discomfort after eating it. These source-specific descriptions do not prove unrestricted modern food-sense productivity.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3 explicitly marks ÷nngu- and gives qaleralik, *hellefisk*; qaleralinnguvoq. AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 independently requires deletion of a host-final consonant before a fixed consonant cluster. This incoming rule is separate from the derived stem-final class; MOFO Default is not an explicit additive exception." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} feels pain in a body part; {{Actor}} feels aversion to ___", "da": "nogen har ondt i en kropsdel; nogen føler lede ved ___", "verb_phrase": "feel pain in ___ (a body part); feel aversion to ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} feels pain in ___ (a body part); {{Actor}} feels aversion to ___", "da_short": "nogen har ondt i ___; nogen føler lede ved ___", "composition": { "en": "feel pain in ___ (a body part); feel aversion to ___", "da": "nogen har ondt i ___ (en kropsdel); nogen føler lede ved ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har ondt i en kropsdel; føler lede ved ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_nngu_Vb_feel_pain_aversion_in_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-feel-pain-aversion-in-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_nngu_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "feel_pain_aversion_in_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject feels bad/pain in body-part N or aversion toward N (niaqunngupoq, qaleralinnguvoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Pain/aversion ≠ long N_guk; ≠ feel-cold N_iqsi_cold; ≠ fed-up N_katak; ≠ eager N_nngiq; ≠ parked dual N_lire (pain vs work-with).", "Axis B feel — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis A be/become; never mush 'state of N' / never clone be-prose onto feel.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent feel-pain/aversion-in-N (Nielsen '÷nngu-, have ondt i N, føle lede ved N'; AITWG); Axis B feel — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; pain-aversion ≠ long ≠ cold ≠ fed-up ≠ eager; ≠ Axis A be/become; ≠ parked N_lire; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as feeling pain or discomfort in a named body part, or feeling generally unwell (per MOFO, also 'feels bad after having consumed N'). Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷nngu-, have ondt i N, føle lede ved N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "niaqunngupoq", "natural": "he has a headache (Nielsen2012's example, from niaqoq, 'head')" }, { "surface": "qaleralinnguvoq", "natural": "he feels queasy about (eating) Greenland halibut (Nielsen2012's example, from qaleralik, 'Greenland halibut')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3", "Rasmussen1893:.nnguvoq#e2449" ], "id": "N_nngu_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_gasak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "there are stains/spots of N; S is stained by N (a 3p.sg ending can be avalent, 'there is/are N', rather than monovalent 'he has')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_gasak_Vb:c9cf624e6ef6", "items": [ { "text": "there are stains/spots of N; S is stained by N (a 3p.sg ending can be avalent, 'there is/are N', rather than monovalent 'he has')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-gasak", "left_sandhi": "fusional", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22 describes tə-host aputerasappoq as an apparent qgasag variant. The primary MOFO record also describes truncation and fusion, but reports paaasappoq from paaq as an irregular q-host example and leaves the conditioning unresolved. The existing labels do not establish a uniform host rule.", "G-initial affix: MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-(q)gasak.html) records left sandhi 'Truncative, Fusional, Irregular' -- left_sandhi:fusional is used here since AITWG-Affixes' own text gives a directly attested fusion example (the tə-stem host {aputə}N (snow) -> aputerasappoq, where the affix takes the alternate form N{qgasag}V rather than plain -gasak), matching this repo's existing left_sandhi:fusional family (N_liaq_N etc., kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "there are stains of ___; there are spots of ___; {{Subject}} is stained by ___", "en_short": "there are stains of ___; there are spots of ___", "da": "der er pletter af ___; der er stænk af ___; nogen er tilsølet af ___", "verb_phrase": "there are stains of ___; there are spots of ___; be stained by ___ (a 3p.sg ending can be avalent, 'there is/are ___', rather than monovalent 'he has')", "da_short": "der er pletter af ___; der er stænk af ___", "composition": { "en": "there are stains of ___; there are spots of ___; {{Subject}} is stained by ___", "da": "der er pletter af ___; der er stænk af ___; nogen er tilsølet af ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "der er pletter af ___; der er stænk af ___; er tilsølet af ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_gasak_Vb_stain_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-stain", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_gasak_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "stained_or_spotted_by", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy packs avalent 3sg uses ('there are patches/stains of N') alongside monovalent 'S is stained by N'; avalent packing is kept as an honesty note, not a separate asserted operator sense." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Stain/spot axis of incorporated N — not abundance/scarcity and not size↔quantity dual.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from N_tu_Vb abundance possession, N_qaq_Vb plain possession, N_iqluiq_Vb smear (parked), and argument-scope qassiit vague quantity.", "Avalent 3sg packing ('there are stains of N') vs monovalent stained-subject reading is not collapsed into one forced valency claim here." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described stain/spot possession of incorporated N (Nielsen '÷gasag-/÷gasaar-, N-plettet'; AITWG stained/spotted by N); stain axis — not abundance prose and does not claim size↔quantity dual; avalent 3sg 'there are patches of N' packing kept as honesty note; not N_qaq plain have and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit)", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as marked, spotted, or stained by N; with a 3p.sg ending the meaning can shift to avalent 'there are patches of N' rather than monovalent 'he has stains of N', per AITWG-Affixes' own text.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aputerasappoq", "natural": "there are patches of snow (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from aputə, 'snow', a tə-stem -- illustrates the alternate -rasag/qgasag form on this stem class)" }, { "surface": "aagasappoq", "natural": "it is stained with blood, there are blood spots (Nielsen2012's example, from aak, 'blood')" }, { "surface": "orsorasappoq", "natural": "it has grease stains on it (Nielsen2012's example, from orsoq, 'blubber, fat')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.22", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "id": "N_gasak_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_ge_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A has P as his N; P is A's N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ge", "left_sandhi": "fusional", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -gaa distinguishes nominal possession from the adjacent lexicalised verbal evaluative use. For noun hosts, -gaa/-givaa follows vowel, k and t stems, while -raa/-rivaa follows q stems (not the r-stem condition printed for verbs). Following affixes attach to the uncontracted form. The noun exposition preserves the possessor as subject and the possessed person/entity as object.", "MOFO:nv/-gə specifies truncation except q+g fusion to r; Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1 separately marks the q-base variant. Own schwa-final class is recorded in morphology_class.stem_type, not as a t-only incoming rule. The existing ending alternatives and contemporative qualifications remain source-scoped.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text states this affix 'always uses the HTR-morpheme {nnək} to give it intransitive form (-ginnippoq)' -- independently corroborated by Bjornum2012's own '-ginnippoq / -rinnippoq (halvtransitivt)' entry, which supplies substantive text on the resulting intransitive-participle nominalisation not modeled here (that specific participial-nominalisation construction is a separate deverbal fact, out of scope for this affix entry itself).", "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes the Indicative/Interrogative forms alternately show up as either a regular schwa-stem paradigm OR a further-contracted form, 'used in flæng' (interchangeably), per Nielsen2012's own worked example below; not modeled as separate underlying_form entries.", "AITWG:§8.7 (Definition 8.8) directly states the verbal-possessive role reversal: P₁ (the English subject) becomes the transitive object, P₂ (the possessor in the English predicate) becomes the transitive subject, and N is incorporated. Its Piitap Kaali ataatagivaa and qimmerivara examples illustrate the same frame documented by Nielsen.", "AITWG:§12.3 applies N{gə}V to a partitive comparative and requires a plural subject; its example Piitaq anginersaraarput means literally that “we have Peter as our biggest part,” with Peter as transitive object and the plural possessor as subject. This is a construction-specific restriction, not a new general valency rule for N_ge_Vb." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} has {{Patient}} as ___; {{Patient}} belongs to {{Actor}}", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has {{Patient}} as ___", "da": "nogen har nogen som ___; nogen/noget andet tilhører nogen", "verb_phrase": "have {{Patient}} as ___; else belongs to {{Actor}}", "da_short": "nogen har nogen som ___", "composition": { "en": "have {{Patient}} as ___; else belongs to {{Actor}}", "da": "nogen har nogen som ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har nogen som ___; nogen/noget andet tilhører nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_ge_Vb_role_ascription_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§8.7", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-role-ascription", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_ge_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_as_role", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent+Patient with incorporated role-N (ataatagaara, Annap Piitaq erneraa); HTR intransitive and participial packs are not separately asserted as second senses." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Do not invent Nielsen +gə- 3 'haves som N' (intransitive §5.3.1.4.2) into this N_ge_Vb row; that form has no dedicated catalog ID.", "HTR -ginnippoq / intransitive-participle nominalisation / passive participle / contracted↔regular Indicative alternation remain catalog notes only — not separate operators here.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from monovalent N_tu_Vb / N_qaq_Vb possession and from N_tuge_Vb evaluative consider (type other).", "Affix-specific AITWG §9 diathesis maps remain parked; N_kigi_Vb is framed as evaluative scarcity other (peer of N_tuge), not as a possession antonym of this role-ascription frame." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§8.7", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described relational role-ascription possession (Nielsen '÷gə- 1, +gə-, sbj har obj som sin N'; AITWG A has P as his N / P is A's N); divalent Agent+Patient+incorporated role-N — not monovalent N_tu abundance and not N_qaq plain have; does not invent +gə- 3 'haves som N'; HTR/passive/contracted-IND packs stay unsupported_omissions", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as regarding, or actually having, the Patient in the role of N -- e.g. 'has him as father' meaning 'he is my father'. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷gə- 1, +gə- (q-baser), sbj har obj som sin N' entry, which supplies both examples below and documents the same regular/contracted Indicative alternation AITWG-Affixes' own text describes.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ataatagaara", "natural": "I have him as father (i.e. he is my father) (Nielsen2012's example, contracted Indicative form, from ataata, 'father')" }, { "surface": "ataatagivara", "natural": "same meaning, regular Indicative form (Nielsen2012's own alternate, used interchangeably per Nielsen2012's own text)" }, { "surface": "Annap Piitaq erneraa", "natural": "Anna has Peter as her son, i.e. Peter is Anna's son (Nielsen2012's example, from erneq, 'son')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§B.6", "MOFO:nv/-gə", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -gaa", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§8.7", "AITWG:§12.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ], "id": "N_ge_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_gik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has a good/beautiful N; there is good N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-gik", "left_sandhi": "fusional", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "notes": [ "G-initial affix: MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-gik.html) records left sandhi 'Fusional' and right sandhi 'Assibilation (t⇒s)' -- matching this repo's existing assibilation family and the fusional class already used on N_gasak_Vb above.", "AITWG-Affixes' own headword line groups a second citation form under the same shared gloss, N{giksaaq}V (-gissaarpoq) -- combined here under one entry/ID, matching the same source-driven combining precedent already used for this repo's N_giit_N/N_kasik_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, nominal_modifiers.yaml).", "Bjornum2012 independently confirms this affix is 'ofte som interjektion' (often used as an interjection), the same exclamatory usage already documented for N_gik_N (nominal_extenders.yaml, the historically related bare-nominal zero-derivation of this very verbaliser, per that entry's own note)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has a good ___; {{Subject}} has a beautiful ___; there is good ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has a good ___; {{Actor}} has a beautiful ___", "da": "nogen har en god ___; nogen har en smuk ___; der er god ___", "verb_phrase": "have a good ___; have a beautiful ___; there is good ___", "da_short": "nogen har en god ___; nogen har en smuk ___", "composition": { "en": "have a good ___; have a beautiful ___; there is good ___", "da": "nogen har en god ___; nogen har en smuk ___; der er god ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har en god ___; har en smuk ___; der er god ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_gik_Vb_good_quality_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-good-quality", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_gik_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_good_or_beautiful", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor/property uses (isumagippoq, ilinniartitsisorippoq) and exclamatory/avalent-ish uses (silagik!); avalent packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Quality reading of incorporated N is host-dependent; this operator does not claim size↔quantity duality.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from N_tu_Vb abundance possession, N_qaq_Vb plain possession, and argument-scope qassiit vague quantity.", "Catalog packs Nielsen ÷gissaar-/+gissaar- under the same N_gik_Vb ID; no separate gissaar operator is invented here." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described good/beautiful quality possession of incorporated N (Nielsen '÷gig-/÷gissaar-, have en god/smuk N'); quality axis — does not claim size↔quantity duality; not N_tu_Vb abundance and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit); ÷gissaar packing under N_gik_Vb left as catalog fact", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having a fine or beautiful N, or, avalently, that there is a good N (of something). Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('÷gig-, ÷gissaar-; +gig-, +gissaar- (q-baser), have en god/smuk N') and Bjornum2012.", "examples": [ { "surface": "isumagippoq", "natural": "he is in a good mood (Nielsen2012's example, from isuma, 'mind, mood')" }, { "surface": "ilinniartitsisorippoq", "natural": "he is a good teacher (Nielsen2012's example, from ilinniartitsisoq, 'teacher')" }, { "surface": "silagik!", "natural": "what wonderful weather! (Nielsen2012's example, from sila, 'weather'; exclamatory use)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "id": "N_gik_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_giksi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has got a better N; there has come a better N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-gissi", "left_sandhi": "fusional", "notes": [ "G-initial affix: MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-giksi.html) records left sandhi 'Fusional', the same class as N_gik_Vb above (this affix is that one's inchoative/comparative counterpart)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has got a better ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has got a better ___", "da": "nogen har fået en bedre ___", "verb_phrase": "have got a better ___; there has come a better ___", "da_short": "nogen har fået en bedre ___", "composition": { "en": "have got a better ___; there has come a better ___", "da": "nogen har fået en bedre ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har fået en bedre ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_giksi_Vb_inchoative_good_quality_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-inchoative-good-quality", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_giksi_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_gotten_better", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor/property becoming-uses (isumagissivoq, aasarissivoq); avalent packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Inchoative quality reading of incorporated N is host-dependent; this operator does not claim size↔quantity duality.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from stative N_gik_Vb good-quality possession and from argument-scope qassiit vague quantity." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described inchoative good-quality possession of incorporated N (Nielsen '÷gissi-, have fået en bedre N' §5.3.1.5.2; AITWG-Affixes:p.23); quality axis — does not claim size↔quantity duality; inchoative peer of N_gik_Vb; not stative N_gik_Vb and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit)", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having acquired an improved N, or that an improved N has appeared. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷gissi-, +gissi- (q-baser), have fået en bedre N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "isumagissivoq", "natural": "he has cheered up, gotten into a better mood (Nielsen2012's example, from isuma, 'mind, mood')" }, { "surface": "aasarissivoq", "natural": "it has become midsummer (Nielsen2012's example, from aasaq, 'summer')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "id": "N_giksi_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_iqluiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "S is smeared with N (AITWG-Affixes' own gloss; MOFO's independent analysis treats this as transitive, 'Agent smears Patient with N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_iqluiq_Vb:fe0df11b3f63", "items": [ { "text": "S is smeared with N (AITWG-Affixes' own gloss; MOFO's independent analysis treats this as transitive, 'Agent smears Patient with N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-erluer", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23 prints vowel-initial N{-iqluiq}V and MOFO:nv/-iqluiq specifies truncative left sandhi. Use plain truncation under AITWG:§2.4. The output q-stem label does not establish host aq deletion; MOFO gives paaq to paaverluerpaa/paaverluerpoq, preserving the long vowel with v insertion.", "MOFO describes divalent patientive usage: Agent smears Patient with N, with passive bare intransitive meaning and a separate HTR form. Preserve the final-vowel and etymology questions without inferring right assibilation or a universal reflexive interpretation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Agent}} is smeared with ___", "da": "nogen er tilsmurt med ___", "verb_phrase": "be smeared with ___ (AITWG-Affixes' own gloss; MOFO's independent analysis treats this as transitive, '{{Patient}} smears {{Agent}} with ___')", "en_short": "{{Agent}} is smeared with ___", "da_short": "nogen er tilsmurt med ___", "composition": { "en": "be smeared with ___ (AITWG-Affixes' own gloss; MOFO's independent analysis treats this as transitive, '{{Actor}} smears {{Patient}} with ___')", "da": "nogen er tilsmurt med ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er tilsmurt med ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as smearing or coating the Patient with N (e.g. grease, blood). AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry. Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.4.2 independently records ÷erluer-/÷verluer (after -aa-) with the intransitive patient reading “get N on oneself/be smeared with N” and gives orsuerluerpoq and aaverluerpoq. That directly corroborates the candidate's intransitive/passive surface family and broad meaning, but not MOFO's additional transitive agentive analysis or the specific -erluerpaa form; those remain sourced only to MOFO/other lexicographic examples." }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-iqluiq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "N_iqluiq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_kit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has few/little/a small N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kit", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule grounds left_sandhi:truncative here. MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-kit.html) records right sandhi 'tð⇒ts'. Petersen1951:-kippoq#e12783 prints qanikitsoq. The separate N_tu_Vb u-elision behavior is not the same mapping; the exact structured realization here remains unencoded pending consumer verification.", "AITWG-Affixes' own headword line groups a second citation form under the same shared gloss, N{-kitliuq}V (-killiorpoq) -- combined here under one entry/ID, the same combining precedent as N_gik_Vb above.", "AITWG:§12.2 Aside 12.2 independently gives the source examples akikippoq and sivikippoq for the small/few-N construction, as lexicalized counterparts of property stems of state. This confirms the existing N{kit}V / N{tu}V contrast without licensing every antonymic pairing." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has few ___; {{Subject}} has little ___; {{Subject}} has a small ___", "da": "nogen har lidt ___; nogen har få ___; nogen har lille ___", "verb_phrase": "have few ___; have little ___; have a small ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has few ___; {{Actor}} has little ___; {{Actor}} has a small ___", "da_short": "nogen har lidt ___; nogen har få ___; nogen har lille ___", "composition": { "en": "have few ___; have little ___; have a small ___", "da": "nogen har lidt ___; nogen har få ___; nogen har lille ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har lidt ___; har få ___; har lille ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_kit_Vb_scarcity_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -kippoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-scarcity", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_kit_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_few_or_small", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor/property uses (qingakippoq, akikippoq) and low-count existential-ish uses (inukippoq); avalent packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Size versus count reading of incorporated N is host-dependent (qingakippoq ≠ few noses); not collapsed to argument-scope quantity.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from N_it_Vb absence, N_qaq_Vb plain possession, and argument-scope qassiit vague quantity." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -kippoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described scarcity/smallness of incorporated N (Nielsen '÷kit-, har kun lidt N, er fattig på N'; Bjørnum '-kippoq er fattig på (modsat +tuvoq)'); size↔quantity dual — qingakippoq 'has a small nose' ≠ 'has few noses'; antonym of N_tu_Vb; not argument-scope quantity (qassiit) and not N_it_Vb absence", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -kippoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as poor in, or having very little of, N -- the direct antonym of N_tu_Vb ('has much/many N', denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml), independently confirmed by Bjornum2012's own cross-reference. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('÷kit-, har kun lidt N, er fattig på N; ÷kik, interjektion') and Bjornum2012.", "examples": [ { "surface": "akikippoq", "natural": "it is cheap, lit. 'poor in price' (Bjornum2012's/Nielsen2012's shared example, from aki, 'price')" }, { "surface": "akikitsoq", "natural": "cheap (Bjornum2012's example, the intransitive-participle form -kitsoq, illustrating right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision directly)" }, { "surface": "aputikippoq", "natural": "it has little snow, is snow-poor (Bjornum2012's example, from aput, 'snow')" }, { "surface": "qingakippoq", "natural": "she has a small nose (Nielsen2012's example, from qingaq, 'nose')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Petersen1951:-kippoq#e12783", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -kippoq" ], "id": "N_kit_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_kicaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has rather little N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kisaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule grounds left_sandhi:truncative here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has rather little ___", "da": "nogen har temmelig lidt ___", "verb_phrase": "have rather little ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has rather little ___", "da_short": "nogen har temmelig lidt ___", "composition": { "en": "have rather little ___", "da": "nogen har temmelig lidt ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har temmelig lidt ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_kicaaq_Vb_attenuated_scarcity_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-attenuated-scarcity", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_kicaaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_rather_little", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor/property uses (atisakisaarpoq); avalent packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Degree-of-scarcity reading of incorporated N is host-dependent (atisakisaarpoq rather-few clothes); not collapsed to argument-scope quantity.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from full-degree N_kit_Vb scarcity possession, N_it_Vb absence, and argument-scope qassiit vague quantity." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described attenuated scarcity of incorporated N (Nielsen '÷kisaar- 1, have ret lidt N'); attenuated peer of N_kit_Vb; not full-degree N_kit_Vb, not N_it_Vb absence, and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit)", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having a somewhat small amount of N -- a milder degree than N_kit_Vb above. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷kisaar- 1, have ret lidt N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "atisakisaarpoq", "natural": "he has rather few clothes (Nielsen2012's example, from atisaq, 'clothing')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "id": "N_kicaaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_licaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S is wearing N (only used with nouns for clothing)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lisaar", "left_sandhi": "replacive", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes this affix 'may display sound replacivity on tə-stems' -- MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-licaaq.html) independently confirms left sandhi 'Truncative, Replacive, /VC/ deleting', the same fusional/replacive family already modeled on this repo's N_liaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml).", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_licaq_Vb below (§5.7): AITWG-Affixes itself lists -licaaq (long /aa/, this entry, 'is wearing N') as a separate headword bullet from -licaq (short /a/, N_licaq_Vb below, combining 'brought N with him'/'resembles N'). Nielsen2012 independently keeps the wearing sense as its own headword too ('÷lisaar-, have N på, være iført N; kun om beklædning', §5.3.1.4.2), distinct from its own '+lisar- 1'/'÷lisar- 2' entries used for N_licaq_Vb. MOFO's own page for THIS entry (-licaaq.html) does list a second meaning overlapping with N_licaq_Vb's own gloss ('Actor has brought a/his N with him') alongside 'Actor is wearing N' -- a genuine, unresolved overlap between MOFO's own -licaaq and -licaq pages, flagged here rather than silently smoothed over; this entry keeps AITWG-Affixes' and Nielsen2012's own primary 'wearing' gloss as its sole meaning." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is wearing ___ (clothing)", "da": "nogen har ___ på", "verb_phrase": "be wearing ___ (only used with nouns for clothing)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is wearing ___", "da_short": "nogen har ___ på", "composition": { "en": "be wearing ___ (only used with nouns for clothing)", "da": "nogen har ___ på" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har ___ på" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_licaaq_Vb_clothing_wear_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-clothing-wear", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_licaaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "wear_clothing", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy restricts hosts to clothing nouns (Nielsen 'kun om beklædning'; AITWG wearing N)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Wear axis is clothing-only; this operator does not claim size↔quantity dual or abundance/scarcity.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from N_licaq_Vb bring-along possession (short /a/), N_qaq_Vb plain possession, and argument-scope qassiit vague quantity.", "MOFO -licaaq.html also lists a bring-along gloss overlapping N_licaq_Vb; unresolved catalog overlap is flagged, not silently smoothed — this frame keeps AITWG/Nielsen primary wearing sense only." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described wearing of clothing-N (Nielsen '÷lisaar-, have N på, være iført N; kun om beklædning'; AITWG is wearing N); wear axis — clothing-only; not abundance prose and does not claim size↔quantity dual; distinct from N_licaq_Vb bring-along; not N_qaq plain have and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit)", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as wearing N, restricted to clothing nouns per both AITWG-Affixes and Nielsen2012.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qaqortulisaarpoq", "natural": "he is wearing a white (anorak) (Nielsen2012's example, from qaqortoq, 'white one')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§12.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "id": "N_licaaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_liccuu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has much/many N; there is much N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lissuu", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form is N{-liccuu}V; MOFO independently catalogues the identical affix under a different phonemic spelling, N{-ləkcuu}V (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-ləkcuu.html, New orthography -lissuuvoq, matching AITWG-Affixes' own citation form exactly) -- the c/k phonemic-transcription difference is the same kind of older-vs-modern spelling variance already noted for several nominal_extenders.yaml entries (e.g. N_ssiaq_N's cc/ss note); MOFO's page records plain 'Truncative' left sandhi, used here.", "MOFO's page for N{-ləkcuu}V cites Fortescue's Comparative Manual and preserves an open question: Fortescue suggests possible replacivity, while the component N{-lək}N itself does not show it. The existing truncative value follows this entry's direct host evidence; the broader replacive behavior remains unresolved and is not generalized to this combination." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has much ___; {{Subject}} has many ___; there is much ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has much ___; {{Actor}} has many ___", "da": "nogen har meget ___; nogen har mange ___; der er meget ___", "verb_phrase": "have much ___; have many ___; there is much ___", "da_short": "nogen har meget ___; nogen har mange ___", "composition": { "en": "have much ___; have many ___; there is much ___", "da": "nogen har meget ___; nogen har mange ___; der er meget ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har meget ___; har mange ___; der er meget ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_liccuu_Vb_intensive_abundance_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-intensive-abundance", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_liccuu_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_much_or_many", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor uses (ilaqutalissuuvoq) and existential-ish uses (aputilissuuvoq); avalent packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Intensive amount reading of incorporated N is host-dependent; not collapsed to argument-scope quantity.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from N_tu_Vb abundance possession and from argument-scope qassiit vague quantity.", "Avalent 'there is much N' packing versus monovalent actor possession is pedagogy-attested but not separately modeled as a second sense here." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described intensive abundance of incorporated N (Nielsen '÷lissuu-, have meget/mange N; der er meget/mange N'); intensive peer of N_tu_Vb; not argument-scope quantity (qassiit); avalent 'there is much N' packing not separately asserted as a second sense", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having a great deal of N, or that there is much N available. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷lissuu-, have meget/mange N; der er meget/mange N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilaqutalissuuvoq", "natural": "he has a large family (Nielsen2012's example, from ilaqutaq, 'family member')" }, { "surface": "aputilissuuvoq", "natural": "there is a lot of snow (Nielsen2012's example, from aput, 'snow')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "MOFO:nv/-ləkcuu" ], "id": "N_liccuu_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_luk_have_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has bad/painful N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+luk", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:.luppoq#e9854 contrasts avalluppoq (painful limbs) with avatiluppoq (deformed limbs), and amerluppoq (bad boat skin) with amiluppoq (bad animal skin). These lexical contrasts do not establish a general deletion rule.", "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form N{(q)luk}V, citation +(r)luppoq, marks a conditioned epenthetic /q/ or /r/ -- MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/luk.html) independently models the simpler underlying_form N{luk}V with plain 'Default' left sandhi, the same simplification precedent already used on this repo's V_palaaq_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) for an analogous parenthetical-consonant citation form; the /q/~/r/ conditioning is described here in prose only, not asserted as a schema value. Nielsen2012 independently confirms an epenthetic 'recessivt r' (recessive /r/) variant on this exact affix ('Forekommer også med recessivt r, jf. §5.1.8: sila, vejret; silarluppoq'), directly corroborating the /r/ half of AITWG-Affixes' own parenthetical notation.", "DISAMBIGUATION -- not to be confused with this repo's own V_naq_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml): this is a distinct N-to-V morpheme, the deverbal/-nominal-adjacent affixes elsewhere in this repo do not overlap with it." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has bad ___; {{Subject}} has painful ___", "da": "nogen har en dårlig ___; nogen har en smertende ___", "verb_phrase": "have bad ___; have painful ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} has bad ___; {{Subject}} has painful ___", "da_short": "nogen har en dårlig ___; nogen har en smertende ___", "composition": { "en": "have bad ___; have painful ___", "da": "nogen har en dårlig ___; nogen har en smertende ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har en dårlig ___; har en smertende ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_luk_have_Vb_bad_quality_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-bad-quality", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_luk_have_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_bad_or_painful", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor/property uses (niaqorluppoq, niuluppoq, silarluppoq); avalent packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Bad/pain quality reading of incorporated N is host-dependent; this operator does not claim size↔quantity duality.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from N_kit_Vb scarcity possession, N_it_Vb absence, and argument-scope qassiit vague quantity.", "Source-noted interjection-on -k formation is pedagogy-attested but not modeled as a separate operator here." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described bad/painful quality possession of incorporated N (Nielsen '+lug-, have en dårlig N, have ondt i N, være en dårlig N'); quality/pain axis — does not claim size↔quantity duality; not N_kit_Vb scarcity, not N_it_Vb absence, and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit); interjection-on -k not separately modeled", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having a bad or painful N; per AITWG-Affixes' text can also be nominalised into an interjection ending in -k. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+lug-, have en dårlig N, have ondt i N, være en dårlig N; danner interjektion på -k' entry, which also documents the recessive-/r/ variant used below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "niaqorluppoq", "natural": "he has a headache (Nielsen2012's example, from niaqoq, 'head')" }, { "surface": "niuluppoq", "natural": "he has a bad leg, his leg hurts (Nielsen2012's example, from niu, 'leg')" }, { "surface": "silarluppoq", "natural": "it is bad weather (Nielsen2012's example, from sila, 'weather'; illustrates the recessive-/r/ allomorph)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:.luppoq#e9854" ], "id": "N_luk_have_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_tujaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has rather many/a rather big N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tujaar", "notes": [ "T-initial affix, not covered by AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/-initial blanket rule; matches this repo's existing t-initial precedent (N_tuuq_big_N/N_tuuq_language_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml), which likewise leaves left_sandhi unasserted.", "boundary_behavior:additive (oq#380 follow-up round, explicit override of this template's own truncating default): 'truncating' is grounded in deleting a preceding STEM-FINAL CONSONANT before a VOWEL-initial affix (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5) -- this affix is itself consonant-initial (/t/), so that condition never applies and the default was a template-inherited mismatch, not a deliberate fact about this affix. Confirmed via direct engine testing (oq's WordBuilder): with the inherited truncating default, inuk + tujaar's own stem-final /k/ was being deleted outright rather than assimilated, producing inutujaarpoq instead of the attested inuttujaarpoq (Definition 3.9's regressive k+t -> tt, already correctly handled by inuk's own declared velar_retaining_stem once this affix's join rule stops pre-empting it with an unwarranted deletion). additive is a true no-op here, matching every other consonant-initial denominal affix without an independent truncation citation of its own (e.g. N_tusi_Vb below, same fix, same reasoning)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has rather many ___; {{Subject}} has a rather big ___", "da": "nogen har temmelig mange ___; nogen har en temmelig stor ___", "verb_phrase": "have rather many ___; have a rather big ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has rather many ___; {{Actor}} has a rather big ___", "da_short": "nogen har temmelig mange ___; nogen har en temmelig stor ___", "composition": { "en": "have rather many ___; have a rather big ___", "da": "nogen har temmelig mange ___; nogen har en temmelig stor ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har temmelig mange ___; har en temmelig stor ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_tujaaq_Vb_attenuated_abundance_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-attenuated-abundance", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_tujaaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_rather_much_or_large", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor/property uses (neqitujaarpoq, kigutitujaarpoq) and existential-ish uses (inuttujaarpoq); avalent packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Size versus count reading of incorporated N is host-dependent (kigutitujaarpoq rather-big teeth ≠ rather-many teeth as argument-scope quantity); not collapsed to argument-scope quantity.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from full-degree N_tu_Vb abundance possession and from argument-scope qassiit vague quantity." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described attenuated abundance/size of incorporated N (Nielsen '+tujaar-, har en ret stor/ret meget/ret mange N'); size↔quantity dual — rather-big ≠ rather-many-count; attenuated peer of N_tu_Vb; not full-degree N_tu_Vb and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit)", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having a fairly large quantity or size of N -- a moderate intensifier, related to N_tu_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) and N_tusi_Vb below. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+tujaar-, har en ret stor/ret meget/ret mange N' entry, supplying all three examples below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "neqitujaarpoq", "natural": "he has quite a lot of meat (Nielsen2012's example, from neqi, 'meat')" }, { "surface": "inuttujaarpoq", "natural": "there are quite a lot of people (Nielsen2012's example, from inuk, 'person')" }, { "surface": "kigutitujaarpoq", "natural": "he has rather big teeth (Nielsen2012's example, from kigut, 'tooth')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "id": "N_tujaaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_tusi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has got more/a bigger N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tusi", "notes": [ "T-initial affix; same unasserted-left_sandhi reasoning as N_tujaaq_Vb above (no /kŋpqr/-initial blanket rule applies, and no fusion/truncation evidence was found for this specific affix).", "AITWG-Affixes' own headword line groups a second citation form under the same shared gloss, N{ttuq}V (-ttorpoq) -- combined here under one entry/ID, the same combining precedent as N_gik_Vb/N_kit_Vb above.", "boundary_behavior:additive (oq#380 follow-up round): same template-inherited truncating-default mismatch and fix as N_tujaaq_Vb immediately above (this affix is also consonant-initial, /t/, so the vowel-initial-only truncative default never legitimately applied) -- confirmed via direct engine testing that this alone flips inuk + tusi + V_IND_INTR_3SG from the silently-wrong inutusivoq to the attested inuttusivoq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has got more ___; {{Subject}} has got a bigger ___", "da": "nogen har fået mere ___; nogen har fået en større ___", "verb_phrase": "have got more ___; have got a bigger ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has got more ___; {{Actor}} has got a bigger ___", "da_short": "nogen har fået mere ___; nogen har fået en større ___", "composition": { "en": "have got more ___; have got a bigger ___", "da": "nogen har fået mere ___; nogen har fået en større ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har fået mere ___; har fået en større ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_tusi_Vb_inchoative_abundance_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ttorpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-inchoative-abundance", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_tusi_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_gotten_more_or_larger", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor/property becoming-uses (isumatusivoq, inuttusivoq, silattorpoq, akitsorpoq); avalent existential packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Size versus count reading of incorporated N is host-dependent (inuttusivoq population-growth ≠ become many-count people as argument-scope quantity); not collapsed to argument-scope quantity.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from stative N_tu_Vb abundance possession and from argument-scope qassiit vague quantity." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ttorpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described inchoative abundance/size of incorporated N (Nielsen '+tusi-, har fået større/mere/flere N'; Bjørnum '÷ttor-/÷tsor- får en større N'); size↔quantity dual — become bigger/more ≠ become many-count; antonym of N_kitli_Vb; not stative N_tu_Vb and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit)", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ttorpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having gained a larger or greater N -- the inchoative/comparative counterpart of N_tu_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml). Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('+tusi-, har fået større/mere/flere N') and Bjornum2012 ('÷ttor-, ÷tsor-, får en større N'), which supply the examples below between them.", "examples": [ { "surface": "isumatusivoq", "natural": "he has become more thoughtful (Nielsen2012's example, from isuma, 'mind, thought')" }, { "surface": "inuttusivoq", "natural": "the population is growing (Nielsen2012's example, from inuk, 'person')" }, { "surface": "silattorpoq", "natural": "he is getting smarter (Bjornum2012's example, from sila, 'intellect, sense')" }, { "surface": "akitsorpoq", "natural": "it is getting more expensive (Bjornum2012's example, from aki, 'price')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ttorpoq" ], "id": "N_tusi_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_isuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S fetches N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-isor", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Vowel-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 grounds left_sandhi:truncative here, independently confirmed by MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-isuq.html), which records plain 'Truncative' left sandhi and a q-stem type." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} fetches ___", "da": "nogen henter ___", "verb_phrase": "fetch ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} fetches ___", "da_short": "nogen henter ___", "composition": { "en": "fetch ___", "da": "nogen henter ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "henter ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_isuq_Vb_fetch_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-fetch-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_isuq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "fetch", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent fetch (uluisorpoq, sikaavisorpoq); Nielsen ÷isor-/÷visor- allomorphy stays catalog honesty." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Fetch acquire axis — distinct from N_taq_Vb gather peer and from N_tniaq_hunt hunt-for; not gift.", "NOT possession operator.type and not N_tu abundance dual; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described fetch acquire of incorporated N (Nielsen '÷isor-, ÷visor- (efter dobbeltvokal), hente N'; AITWG S fetches N); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); not hunt and not gift; ≠ N_taq gather peer; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as going to fetch or retrieve N. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷isor-, ÷visor- (efter dobbeltvokal), hente N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "uluisorpoq", "natural": "she goes to fetch an ulu (woman's knife) (Nielsen2012's example, from ulu, 'ulu')" }, { "surface": "sikaavisorpoq", "natural": "she goes to fetch cigars (Nielsen2012's example, from sikaaq, 'cigar'; illustrates the -visor- allomorph after this long-vowel-final host)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "id": "N_isuq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_liqngusaut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S'es fight for/about N (inherently plural; only used with a plural Subject)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lerngusaat", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form N{-liqŋusaut(ə)}V ends in a schwa-final /-ut(ə)/ shape; MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-liqŋucaut(ə).html) independently records left sandhi 'Truncative' and right sandhi 't(ə) sandhi' -- right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering is used here, the same value as N_irut_Vb above, for the identical /t/-plus-following-consonant assimilation pattern in the citation form -lerngusaapput (/t/+/p/ -> pp)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "they fight for ___; they fight about ___ (several)", "da": "de kæmper om ___ (kun i flertal)", "verb_phrase": "fight for ___ (inherently plural; only used with a plural {{Subject}}); fight about ___ (inherently plural; only used with a plural {{Subject}})", "en_short": "{{Subject}} fight for ___; {{Actors}} fight about ___", "da_short": "de kæmper om ___", "composition": { "en": "they fight for ___; they fight about ___ (several)", "da": "de kæmper om ___ (kun i flertal)" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "kæmper om ___ (kun i flertal)" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_liqngusaut_Vb_fight_for_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-fight-for-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_liqngusaut_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "fight_for", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is inherently plural Subject fight/compete-for (arnalerngusaapput); singular packing is not asserted." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Compete-for acquire axis — ≠ share (N_qatigiik_Vb / N_qatige_Vb).", "NOT possession operator.type and not N_tu abundance dual; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described fight/compete-for acquire (Nielsen '÷lerngusaatə-, kun plur.; kæmpe om, slås om'; AITWG S'es fight for/about N); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); inherently plural; ≠ share N_qatigiik/N_qatige; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks several subjects as fighting or competing over N amongst themselves; per AITWG-Affixes only used with a plural Subject, since the subjects are understood to be competing with each other. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷lerngusaatə-, kun plur.; kæmpe om, slås om' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "arnalerngusaapput", "natural": "they are fighting over a/the woman (Nielsen2012's example, from arnaq, 'woman')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "id": "N_liqngusaut_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_nek_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has got N; there has come N (that was not there before; can be used both monovalently and avalently)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nek", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2 explicitly marks ÷nig- and gives sikkersoq → sikkersunippoq. AITWG-Affixes:p.23 writes N{-nək}V. The existing incoming truncation follows the cited join marker, not the final k or the /kŋpqr/-initial blanket rule: this affix begins with n. MOFO’s -nək page remains supplementary navigation evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has got ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has got ___", "da": "nogen har fået ___", "verb_phrase": "have got ___", "da_short": "nogen har fået ___", "composition": { "en": "have got ___", "da": "nogen har fået ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har fået ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_nek_Vb_come_into_possession_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-come-into-possession-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_nek_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "come_into_possession_of", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy packs monovalent 'S has got N' (sikkersunippoq, naanippoq) alongside avalent 'there has come N' (appanippoq); avalent packing is honesty note, not a separate asserted operator sense." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Acquire/come-into-possession axis — NOT possession operator.type and not N_tu abundance/scarcity dual prose.", "Distinct from N_qaq_Vb plain have and from Axis B seem/pretend operators.", "Avalent 3sg packing ('there has come N') vs monovalent newly-acquired-subject reading is not collapsed into one forced valency claim here.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described acquire/come-into-possession of incorporated N (Nielsen '÷nig-, der er kommet N / har fået N'; AITWG S has got N / there has come N); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu abundance clone); dual mono/avalent packing honesty; ≠ N_qaq plain have; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having newly acquired N, or that N has newly appeared -- used both monovalently ('S has got N') and avalently ('there has come N'), per AITWG-Affixes' own text. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷nig-, der er kommet N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sikkersunippoq", "natural": "it has come into bloom (Nielsen2012's example, from sikkersoq, 'flower')" }, { "surface": "appanippoq", "natural": "razorbills have arrived (Nielsen2012's example, from appa, 'razorbill/guillemot')" }, { "surface": "naanippoq", "natural": "her belly has grown big (i.e. she is showing, pregnant) (Nielsen2012's example, from naat, pl. of naaq, 'stomach')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "id": "N_nek_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_nnak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S gets N as a gift" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2 explicitly marks ÷nnag- and gives atuagaq, *bog*; atuagannappoq. AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 independently requires deletion of a host-final consonant before a fixed consonant cluster. This incoming rule is separate from the derived stem-final class; MOFO Default is not an explicit additive exception." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} gets ___ as a gift", "da": "nogen får ___ som gave", "verb_phrase": "get ___ as a gift", "en_short": "{{Actor}} gets ___ as a gift", "da_short": "nogen får ___ som gave", "composition": { "en": "get ___ as a gift", "da": "nogen får ___ som gave" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "får ___ som gave" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_nnak_Vb_receive_as_gift_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-receive-as-gift-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_nnak_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "receive_as_gift", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent gift-receipt (neqinnappoq, atuagannappoq, matuersaatinnappoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Gift-receipt acquire axis only — NOT possession operator.type and not N_tu abundance dual.", "Catalog sandhi-discrepancy (AITWG hyphen vs MOFO Default left sandhi) stays catalog notes; not reinvented here.", "Distinct from N_nek newly-appeared acquire and from Axis B seem/pretend.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described gift-receipt acquire of incorporated N (Nielsen '÷nnag-, få noget N forærende'; AITWG S gets N as a gift); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); gift axis only; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as receiving N as a gift. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷nnag-, få noget N forærende' entry, supplying all four examples below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "neqinnappoq", "natural": "he was given some meat (Nielsen2012's example, from neqi, 'meat')" }, { "surface": "atuagannappoq", "natural": "he was given some books (Nielsen2012's example, from atuagaq, 'book')" }, { "surface": "matuersaatinnappoq", "natural": "he was given some keys (Nielsen2012's example, from matuersaat, 'key')" }, { "surface": "kuultinnappugut", "natural": "we won gold! (Nielsen2012's example, from kuulti, 'gold', a loanword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "id": "N_nnak_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_raaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has caught N (only used with nouns representing numerals or other similar countable quantities)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-raar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "R-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 grounds left_sandhi:truncative here, independently confirmed by MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-raaq.html)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has caught ___ (a number/quantity)", "da": "nogen har fanget ___", "verb_phrase": "have caught ___ (only used with nouns representing numerals or other similar countable quantities)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has caught ___", "da_short": "nogen har fanget ___", "composition": { "da": "nogen har fanget ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har fanget ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_raaq_Vb_caught_quantity_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -raarpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-caught-quantity-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_raaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "caught_quantity", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy restricts hosts to numeral/quantity nouns (marluk, qassiit, qassit); puisinik marloaarpoq, qasseeraarpoq." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Caught-quantity acquire axis on quantity-N hosts — NOT argument-scope quantity operator like qassiit stem.", "NOT possession operator.type and not N_tu abundance dual; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -raarpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described caught-quantity acquire (Nielsen '÷raar-, har fanget N; kun tal, qassit...og qassiit'; AITWG S has caught N on numerals/countable quantities); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone; not argument-scope quantity like qassiit); ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -raarpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A specialised hunting/counting affix: 'has caught N (of something)', restricted to numeral-like host nouns per both AITWG-Affixes and Bjornum2012. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('÷raar-, har fanget N; kun tal, qassit...og qassiit') and Bjornum2012 ('-raarpoq n-v har fanget (kun ved numeraler og qassit hvor mange)'), which supply the examples below between them.", "examples": [ { "surface": "puisinik marloaarpoq", "natural": "he has caught two seals (Nielsen2012's example, from marluk, 'two')" }, { "surface": "qasseeraarpoq", "natural": "he has caught many (Nielsen2012's example, from qassiit, 'several')" }, { "surface": "qasseraarpit?", "natural": "how many have you caught? (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from qassit, 'how many')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -raarpoq" ], "id": "N_raaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_si_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "S buys/gets/finds N; A buys/gets/finds N for P" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "si", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "notes": [ "Consonant-initial si (bracket N{si}V): MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/si.html) records plain 'Default' left sandhi and right sandhi 'Assibilation (t⇒s)' -- the latter corroborating this repo's existing amiq/taliq/ukaliq right_sandhi:assibilation family. MOFO's own Diathesis is 'Reflexive (BP)' with Valency 'Divalent', and its own meanings list both a plain 'buys/finds N' sense AND a benefactive 'buys/finds an N for Patient' sense -- trans_denominal_verb and the combined gloss reflect this directly." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} buys ___; {{Subject}} gets ___; {{Subject}} finds ___; {{Actor}} gets ___ for {{Patient}}", "en_short": "{{Actor}} buys ___; {{Actor}} gets ___; {{Actor}} finds ___", "da": "nogen køber ___; nogen får ___; nogen finder ___; nogen køber ___ til nogen; nogen får ___ til nogen; nogen finder ___ til nogen", "verb_phrase": "buy ___; get ___; find ___; buy ___ for {{Patient}}; get ___ for {{Patient}}; find ___ for {{Patient}}", "da_short": "nogen køber ___; nogen får ___; nogen finder ___", "composition": { "en": "buy ___; get ___; find ___; buy ___ for {{Patient}}; get ___ for {{Patient}}; find ___ for {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen køber ___; nogen får ___; nogen finder ___; nogen køber ___ til nogen; nogen får ___ til nogen; nogen finder ___ til nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "køber ___; får ___; finder ___; køber ___ til nogen; får ___ til nogen; finder ___ til nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as acquiring N by purchase or by finding it, meeting people, or catching sight of N; the transitive form can add a Patient beneficiary ('gets N for someone'). Independently corroborated by Bjornum2012's own worked example list, s.v. +sivoq.", "examples": [ { "surface": "allagarsivoq", "natural": "he has received a letter (Bjornum2012's example, from allagaq, 'letter')" }, { "surface": "tumisivoq", "natural": "he has found a track/trail (Bjornum2012's/Nielsen2012's shared example, from tumi, 'track')" }, { "surface": "inussivoq", "natural": "he has met people (Bjornum2012's example, from inuk, 'person')" }, { "surface": "aqissersivoq", "natural": "he caught sight of a ptarmigan (Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sivoq, from aqisseq)" }, { "surface": "aputisivoq", "natural": "he caught sight of some snow (Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sivoq, from aput)" }, { "surface": "pisivoq", "natural": "he has bought something (Bjornum2012's example, from the placeholder root pi-)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sivoq" ], "id": "N_si_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_siuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "ambitransitive", "meaning": "A looks for N (for P); S travels on/through N; S is out in N; S celebrates N (the latter senses especially with nouns for holidays like Christmas/Easter)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sior", "notes": [ "COMBINED entry: AITWG-Affixes' own text presents N{siuq}V twice with the identical bracket form and citation (+siorpoq) -- §5.5 ('S looks for N; A looks for N for P') and §5.6 ('S travels on/through N; S is out in N; S celebrates N') -- and MOFO's own single affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/siuq.html) independently lists ALL of these senses together on one page ('Actor celebrates N', 'Actor searches for N', 'Agent searches for N of the Patient', 'Actor is exposed to N', 'Actor travels around in/on N'), the same tie-breaker evidence used to combine N_irut_Vb/N_lire_Vb above and N_licaq_Vb/N_iaq_Vb below. Bjornum2012 independently combines the same senses under one headword too ('+siorpoq n-v leder efter; færdes i/på; fejrer; holder').", "Nielsen2012 numbers the search and travel/celebration senses separately: +sior- 1 (§5.3.1.5.3) and +sior- 2 (§5.3.1.6.2). Printed PDF pages 77 and 78 and index page 198 confirm additive notation for both. Separate numbered senses do not establish different attachment rules or require collapsing their meanings.", "ATTACHMENT VERIFIED: Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.3 and §5.3.1.6.2 agree with the additive +sior forms in AITWG-Affixes:p.24 and Bjornum2012:K9§6. The former ÷sior-1 reading was a transcription error corrected against the printed PDF. The vowel-final tumi -> tumisiorpaa example cannot test deletion of a host-final consonant; attachment is supported by explicit source notation. Do not propagate this profile to N_siuut_Vb without evidence for its own construction.", "Valency is ambitransitive across the source-described readings: S looks for incorporated N (intransitive), while A can look for N for P (transitive); movement and celebration readings are also intransitive. Keep valency_scale unset rather than projecting the benefactive reading onto every sense. Sources: AITWG-Affixes:p.24, Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.3/§5.3.1.6.2, Bjornum2012:K9§6." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} looks for ___ (for {{Patient}}); {{Subject}} travels on ___; {{Subject}} travels through ___; {{Subject}} is out in ___; {{Subject}} celebrates ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} looks for ___", "da": "nogen leder efter ___ (til nogen); nogen rejser på ___; nogen rejser gennem ___; nogen er ude i ___; nogen fejrer ___", "options": { "en": { "look for": "{{Actor}} looks for ___ (for {{Patient}})", "travel on": "{{Subject}} travels on ___", "travel through": "{{Subject}} travels through ___", "be out in": "{{Subject}} is out in ___", "celebrate": "{{Subject}} celebrates ___" }, "da": { "lede efter": "nogen leder efter ___ (til nogen)", "rejse på": "nogen rejser på ___", "rejse gennem": "nogen rejser gennem ___", "være ude i": "nogen er ude i ___", "fejre": "nogen fejrer ___" } }, "verb_phrase": "look for ___ (for {{Patient}}); travel on ___; travel through ___; be out in ___; celebrate ___ (the latter senses especially with nouns for holidays like Christmas/Easter)", "da_short": "nogen leder efter ___", "composition": { "en": "look for ___ (for {{Patient}}); travel on ___; travel through ___; be out in ___; celebrate ___ (the latter senses especially with nouns for holidays like Christmas/Easter)", "da": "nogen leder efter ___ (til nogen); nogen rejser på ___; nogen rejser gennem ___; nogen er ude i ___; nogen fejrer ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "leder efter ___ (til nogen); rejser på ___; rejser gennem ___; er ude i ___; fejrer ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "r_final_stem" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_siuq_Vb_search_for_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +siorpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-search-for-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_siuq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "search_for", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Primary source pedagogy is look/search for N, optionally with benefactive Patient (susiorpit?, tumisiorpaa, pikkorinnersiorpai); divalent search-for-P stays divalent; monovalent search packing is honesty note, not a forced second operator." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Multi-sense honesty: Nielsen §5.3.1.6.2 movement/out-in/celebrate (+sior- 2, færdes/fejre/være ude i N) is NOT silently merged into acquire-search — left unsupported here (sikusiorpoq ice-travel; holiday celebrate).", "Divalent search-for-P stays divalent — never flatten to monovalent possession.", "This semantic frame describes only the transitive search-for-P reading; it does not exhaust the source-backed intransitive look-for-N and movement/celebration readings of the morpheme.", "Acquire/search axis primary (§5.3.1.5.3) — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B seem/pretend.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +siorpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described primary acquire/search-for of incorporated N (Nielsen '+sior- 1, lede efter N; sbj leder efter obj's N' §5.3.1.5.3; AITWG S looks for N / A looks for N for P); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); divalent search-for-P stays divalent; multi-sense honesty: §5.3.1.6.2 movement/celebrate left in unsupported_omissions (not silently merged); ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +siorpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A genuinely productive, multi-sense affix per all four sources: (1) 'looks for N', optionally with a benefactive Patient; (2) 'travels through/is out in N'; (3) 'celebrates N', especially of holidays.", "examples": [ { "surface": "susiorpit?", "natural": "what are you looking for? (Bjornum2012's example, from su-, 'what')" }, { "surface": "tumisiorpaa", "natural": "he is following/looking for its tracks (Bjornum2012's/Nielsen2012's shared example, from tumi, 'track')" }, { "surface": "pikkorinnersiorpai", "natural": "he is looking for the most skilled among them (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from pikkorinneq, 'the most skilled'; illustrates the benefactive/superlative-incorporation sense, requiring a plural Patient)" }, { "surface": "sikusiorpoq", "natural": "he is out on the ice (Bjornum2012's example, from siku, 'ice')" }, { "surface": "jullisiorput", "natural": "they are celebrating Christmas (Nielsen2012's example, from juulli, 'Christmas')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +siorpoq" ], "id": "N_siuq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_t_hunt_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S catches N (used with nouns for animals typically hunted in Greenland; also, informally, 'S scores N' of a person)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_t_hunt_Vb:b0d4ced23f11", "items": [ { "text": "S catches N (used with nouns for animals typically hunted in Greenland; also, informally, 'S scores N' of a person)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ppoq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +niarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+t", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "Derivational segmentation follows Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.3: N{+t-}V “has caught N”, followed by the independently inflected verbal ending. The directly cited forms tuttu{+t-}{+vu-}{+q} -> tuttuppoq and aaveq{+t-}{+vu-}{+q} -> aaverpoq are in Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.3 and §2.5.3; qilalugaq -> qilalugarput is the same derivation with 3pl agreement. Therefore this entry stores only derivational +t; the worked-example chains keep V_IND_INTR_3SG (or the applicable ending) separate. Bjornum2012:K9§6 “+ppoq, +poq” records citation surfaces and host patterns, not a replacement for Nielsen’s explicit +t derivation.", "The optional t notation in AITWG-Affixes/MOFO N{(t)}V is not modeled as a productive zero-vs-t allomorph: source-backed vowel hosts (tuttu, puisi) and q-final hosts (aaveq, qilalugaq, miteq) all show the derivational segment or its regular phonological outcome. The nanoq -> nannuppoq form remains an explicitly lexicalised gemination/q-loss exception, not a general stem-class allomorph. No class-keyed alternant is supported by these sources.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text further describes two productive combining forms built on this affix: N{(t)niaq}V ('hunt for N', combining with V{niaq}V) and N{(t)niut(ə)}V ('several S'es hunt for N', further adding V{-ut(ə)}V, plural-only) -- neither modeled as a separate entry here, recorded in prose only. Bjornum2012 independently and directly corroborates the N{(t)niaq}V combination with the identical nannuppoq/nannunniarpoq/nannunniaq word family AITWG-Affixes' own text uses ('+niarpoq v-v betyder ved disse verber er på jagt efter, og kortformen +niaq v-n en der er på jagt efter; -jæger'), and MOFO's own separate page for that combination (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/(t)niaq.html) independently confirms the same 'Actor hunts for N' gloss.", "DISAMBIGUATION (#544 theme 1): specialised for hunted game animals (nannuppoq, tuttuppoq), not general 'activity of N'. Pilot aalisarpoq ('is fishing') can exact-match aalisaq + this affix + excl — reject for fishing glosses; also not N_r_loanword_Vb. Fishing uses stems aalisar (verb) / aalisagaq (noun); not wallpaper aalisaq. See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme2-shared-bases.md." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} catches ___ (an animal)", "da": "nogen fanger ___", "verb_phrase": "catch ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} catches ___", "da_short": "nogen fanger ___", "composition": { "en": "catch ___", "da": "nogen fanger ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "fanger ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A specialised hunting affix restricted to game-animal nouns; per AITWG-Affixes' own footnote, also used informally/as slang of romantic/sexual conquests with personal names. AITWG-Affixes' own worked example is the polar-bear stem, independently corroborated by Bjornum2012's own separate worked example for the caribou stem.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nannuppoq", "natural": "he has caught/killed a polar bear (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from na'nuq, 'polar bear'; note the lexicalised gemination and final-/q/-loss on this specific stem)" }, { "surface": "nannuttara", "natural": "the polar bear caught by me (AITWG-Affixes' own example, using the irregular passive-participle N{-ðaq}N plus N{ga} 'my N')" }, { "surface": "tuttuppoq", "natural": "he has caught a caribou/reindeer (Bjornum2012's example, from tuttu, 'caribou')" }, { "surface": "nannunniarpoq", "natural": "he is hunting for polar bear (Bjornum2012's/AITWG-Affixes' shared example, illustrating the N{(t)niaq}V combining form)" }, { "surface": "nannunniaq", "natural": "a polar-bear hunter (Bjornum2012's/AITWG-Affixes' shared example, the deverbal N{niaq}V short form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ppoq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +niarpoq" ], "id": "N_t_hunt_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_taaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S gets a new N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+taar", "left_sandhi": "default", "lexical_overrides": { "qimmeq": "saar" }, "notes": [ "T-initial affix (bracket N{taaq}V); not covered by AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/-initial blanket rule; MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/taaq.html) independently confirms plain 'Default' left sandhi.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2 notes an -saar- allomorph 'normalt +taar-, +saar- efter stavelse med -i- (ikke -ə-), men ikke konsekvent; ə bevares før +taar-' (usually +taar-/+saar- after a syllable with /i/ rather than schwa, though not consistently; schwa is preserved before +taar-) -- a real, if partly irregular, allomorphy pattern not modeled as a schema field, described here in prose only. CORRECTION (verified against the transcribed extracts, 2026-08-03): this quote was previously misattributed to Bjornum2012 in this note; it does not appear anywhere in docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ and is Nielsen2012's own wording. The qimmersaarpoq cell specifically is now covered via application_logic.lexical_overrides (above) rather than a general phonological rule, since the pattern is admittedly inconsistent.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +taarpoq/+saarpoq specifies '(efter i₁)' and marks panissaarpoq 'med i₁'. MOFO's own affix page likewise describes assibilation after true /i/, contrasting kamittaarpoq with savissaarpoq/panissaarpoq. Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2 separately says 'men ikke konsekvent'; that hedge is Nielsen's, not Bjornum's. The vowel-quality distinction alone does not establish that all exceptions are resolved. Preserve source-specific conditioning in prose; a complete general allomorph map remains unverified. Only qimmeq has an explicit lexical override here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} gets a new ___", "da": "nogen får en ny ___", "verb_phrase": "get a new ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} gets a new ___", "da_short": "nogen får en ny ___", "composition": { "en": "get a new ___", "da": "nogen får en ny ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "får en ny ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_taaq_Vb_get_new_n_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +taarpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-get-new-n-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_taaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "get_new_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent get-new-N (ernertaarpoq, initaarpoq, qimmersaarpoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "New-N acquire axis — NOT possession operator.type and not N_tu abundance dual.", "+saar allomorph honesty stays catalog notes/overrides; do not invent new AITWG forms here.", "Distinct from plural-subject peer N_taaqtuq_Vb and from Axis B seem/pretend.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +taarpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described get-new-N acquire (Nielsen '+taar-, +saar- efter stavelse med -i-, har fået ny N'; AITWG S gets a new N); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); +saar allomorph stays catalog honesty; ≠ N_taaqtuq plural peer; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +taarpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks acquisition of N, described as new N by Nielsen2012 and AITWG-Affixes; replacement of an earlier N is not required. Bjornum2012:K9§6 also glosses 'har fået; har fået en ny; har anskaffet' and gives ernertaarpoq 'har fået en søn'. The exact modern rows attest becoming the parent of a baby boy. Nielsen's 'men ikke konsekvent' concerns the +saar- allomorph, not a mandatory replacement meaning.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ernertaarpoq", "natural": "she has gotten a son (Bjornum2012's example, from erneq, 'son')" }, { "surface": "initaarpoq", "natural": "he has gotten a new room (Nielsen2012's example, from ini, 'room')" }, { "surface": "qimmersaarpoq", "natural": "he has gotten (himself) a dog (Nielsen2012's example, from qimmeq, 'dog'; illustrates the -saar- allomorph)" }, { "surface": "panissaarpoq", "natural": "she has gotten a daughter (Nielsen2012's example, from panik, 'daughter'; Bjornum2012's own K9§6 passage marks this one 'med i₁')" }, { "surface": "kamittaarpoq", "natural": "he has gotten new boots (from kamik, 'boot'; a schwa-final stem -- {kamək}N per MOFO -- attested in Kleinschmidt1871, Petersen1951 and Petersen1967, s.v. -taarpoq/.taaq; illustrates the -taar- side of the same i1/i2 contrast as qimmersaarpoq/panissaarpoq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +taarpoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.taaq", "Oqaatsit1997:ernertaarpoq#e3162", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ernertaarpoq#e3067" ], "id": "N_taaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_taq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S fetches/gathers N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tar", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "T-initial affix (bracket N{taq}V); same unasserted-left_sandhi/additive reasoning as N_taaq_Vb above, independently confirmed by MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/taq.html).", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2 separately lists +sar- 1 (mannissarpoq from mannik) and +tar- (nilattarpoq, ullutarpoq) for fetching/gathering N. MOFO's nv/taq page explicitly attributes the t-to-s alternation in mannissarpoq to true /i/. This does not establish sar after every vowel-final noun stem; no general vowel_final_stem override is asserted.", "The Bjornum2012:K9§6 +sarpoq/+tarpoq vowel-versus-consonant split belongs to the v-v habitual 'plejer' entry, not this n-v fetch/gather entry. It cannot corroborate this owner's noun-host conditioning. Full host-class coverage remains unresolved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} fetches ___; {{Subject}} gathers ___", "da": "nogen henter ___; nogen samler ___", "verb_phrase": "fetch ___; gather ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} fetches ___; {{Subject}} gathers ___", "da_short": "nogen henter ___; nogen samler ___", "composition": { "en": "fetch ___; gather ___", "da": "nogen henter ___; nogen samler ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "henter ___; samler ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_taq_Vb_fetch_gather_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-fetch-gather-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_taq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "fetch_or_gather", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent fetch/gather/find (nilattarpoq, ullutarpoq, mannissarpoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Fetch/gather acquire axis — distinct ID from N_isuq_Vb fetch peer; do not merge.", "NOT possession operator.type and not N_tu abundance dual; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described fetch/gather/find acquire of incorporated N (Nielsen '+tar-, finde/samle/hente N'; AITWG S fetches/gathers N); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); distinct from N_isuq fetch peer; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as fetching, collecting, or gathering N. Nielsen2012 lists +tar- and +sar- 1 separately with the examples below. The habitual verbal +sarpoq/+tarpoq entry in Bjornum does not supply these noun-derived examples or their conditioning.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nilattarpoq", "natural": "he goes to fetch freshwater ice (Nielsen2012's example, from nilak, 'freshwater ice')" }, { "surface": "ullutarpoq", "natural": "he collects (eider) down (Nielsen2012's example, from ullut, 'down (feathers)')" }, { "surface": "mannissarpoq", "natural": "he has found/collected eggs (Nielsen2012's +sar- 1 example, from mannik, 'egg')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "id": "N_taq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_liaq_move_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S goes to N (usually with names of cities, countries, etc.)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_liaq_move_Vb:aa18cf4054bb", "items": [ { "text": "S goes to N (usually with names of cities, countries, etc.)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "AITWG:§2.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-liaq#e7104", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -liarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-liar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION -- distinct affix from this repo's existing N_liaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, 'a traveller to N; one seeking/hunting N', an N-to-N affix); this entry is the corresponding N-to-V verbaliser (bracket N{-liaq}V, citation -liarpoq) that N_liaq_N's own nominal short form is independently derived from -- both AITWG-Affixes and Bjornum2012 treat the -liaq NOUN as a substantival short form of THIS verb, not the other way around.", "Oqaatsit1997:-liaq#e7104 directly attests the destination sense with Danmarkiliaq “one who travels to Denmark”, illoqarfiliaq “one on the way to town”, qaammatiliaq “one who travels to the moon”, and Qaqortuliaq “a traveller to Qaqortoq”. Keep this row distinct from Oqaatsit1997:-liaq#e7103, a separate made/fabricated-N sense represented by N_lijaq_N.", "Vowel-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 grounds left_sandhi:truncative here, independently confirmed by MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-liaq.html, left sandhi 'Truncative, /VC/ deleting')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} goes to ___ (a place)", "da": "nogen tager til ___", "verb_phrase": "go to ___ (usually with names of cities, countries, etc.)", "en_short": "{{Subject}} goes to ___", "da_short": "nogen tager til ___", "composition": { "en": "go to ___ (usually with names of cities, countries, etc.)", "da": "nogen tager til ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "tager til ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_liaq_move_Vb_travel_to_place", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -liarpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-travel-to-place", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_liaq_move_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "travel_to_place", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject goes/travels to N or is on the way to N, typically place names (Narsaliarpoq, kangerluliarpoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "liaq-travel-to-place ≠ ABL-from; ≠ ALL-towards/manner; ≠ mukar-go-to; ≠ VIA-through.", "Soft-PIN E motion — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Soft-PIN D LOC-be-at; ≠ Soft-PIN C N_liare make-into; place-name preference honesty — do not invent sentences.", "≠ N_liaq_N nominal extender (traveller-to-N) — different category.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -liarpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent liaq-travel-to-place / go-or-on-the-way-to-N (Nielsen '÷liar-, være på vej til/rejse til N'; AITWG/Bjørnum); Soft-PIN E motion — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; liaq-travel-to-place ≠ ABL-from ≠ ALL-towards/manner ≠ mukar-go-to ≠ VIA-through; ≠ Soft-PIN D LOC-be-at; ≠ Soft-PIN C N_liare make-into; place-name preference honesty", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -liarpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as travelling to, or being on the way to, N -- typically place names. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('÷liar-, være på vej til/rejse til N, tage ud efter N; fusionerende') and Bjornum2012 ('-liarpoq n-v rejser til; tager til'), whose own worked examples (Narsaliarpoq/Narsaliaq) directly attest the nominal short-form relationship noted above.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Danmarkiliaq", "natural": "one who travels to Denmark (Oqaatsit1997:-liaq#e7104)" }, { "surface": "illoqarfiliaq", "natural": "one on the way to town (Oqaatsit1997:-liaq#e7104)" }, { "surface": "qaammatiliaq", "natural": "one who travels to the moon (Oqaatsit1997:-liaq#e7104)" }, { "surface": "Qaqortuliaq", "natural": "a traveller to Qaqortoq (Oqaatsit1997:-liaq#e7104)" }, { "surface": "kangerluliarpoq", "natural": "he is on his way to the fjord (Nielsen2012's example, from kangerluk, 'fjord')" }, { "surface": "Narsaliarpoq", "natural": "he is travelling to Narsaq (Bjornum2012's example, place name)" }, { "surface": "Narsaliaq", "natural": "one who is travelling to Narsaq (Bjornum2012's own example of the nominal short form, -liaq)" }, { "surface": "nakorsiarpoq", "natural": "he is going to the doctor (Bjornum2012's example, from nakorsaq, 'doctor'; illustrates the affix fusing fully with the host, = nakorsaliarpoq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "AITWG:§2.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-liaq#e7104", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -liarpoq" ], "id": "N_liaq_move_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_VIA_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S moves in/through N (verbalisation of the vialis/prolative case)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkoor", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.6 distinguishes a completed vialis-case word plus verbalisation from the combined citation forms printed alongside ordinary affixes in dictionaries. This entry stores the combined -kkoor form, including its case material; appending that full citation after an already-realized vialis ending would duplicate the case marker. The post-case analysis has a separate record, ENCL_Vq_derivational. Combined citation and post-case operator representations must not be conflated; possessed/plural constructions require their own reviewed bindings, not unconditional reuse of this citation. Existing operative fields remain unchanged.", "The chapter's own Fidelity notes explain the italic *V* inside the bracket (as opposed to the bold join-marker V) is the source's own notation for an epenthetic/variable vowel placeholder in the case ending itself, not this affix's own onset.", "Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('÷kkoor-, verbaliseret vialis, jf. §4.1.1.2; bevæger sig ad, tager via/igennem N; efter personendelse: ÷goor-; efter plur.: ÷tigoor-') and Bjornum2012 ('-kkoorpoq n-v går (kører, sejler, flyver osv.) gennem; ad; via'), both of which document further allomorphs (-goor- after a possessive ending, -tigoor- after a plural) not modeled as separate underlying_form entries here.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2 explicitly gives ÷goor- after personal endings and ÷tigoor- after plural marking. Nielsen and Bjornum2012:K9§6 both print Evap inaatigoorpoq, and Bjornum2012:K4§4 prints kuup saniatigoorpugut. These possessive expressions attest their complete forms; their visible -tigoor- substring does not independently prove selection of the plural-host combined variant. AITWG:§13.5 itself records -agut/-atigut variation in third-person singular-possessum vialis endings. Preserve the source segmentation and case/person/number context rather than infer an allomorph trigger from the surface substring.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2 distinguishes -goor- after personal endings and -tigoor- after plural marking. These are inflection-conditioned forms, not stem-final phonological allomorphs of an unconditional -kkoor citation. N_VIA_SG/N_VIA_PL and possessive case endings now exist; the separate ENCL_Vq_derivational record represents the post-case operation. The earlier claim that WORD_FINAL makes every such chain impossible is not a current coverage conclusion. Each possessed/plural chain and sense still needs attestation and review; none is inferred from the combined entry alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} moves in ___; {{Subject}} moves through ___", "da": "nogen bevæger sig i ___; nogen bevæger sig gennem ___", "verb_phrase": "move in ___; move through ___ (verbalisation of the vialis/prolative case)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} moves in ___; {{Actor}} moves through ___", "da_short": "nogen bevæger sig i ___; nogen bevæger sig gennem ___", "composition": { "en": "move in ___; move through ___ (verbalisation of the vialis/prolative case)", "da": "nogen bevæger sig i ___; nogen bevæger sig gennem ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bevæger sig i ___; bevæger sig gennem ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_VIA_Vb_move_via_prolative", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -kkoorpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-move-via-prolative", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_VIA_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "move_via_prolative", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject moves via/through/along N via VIA/prolative-case verbaliser (qaqqakkoorpoq, Maniitsukkoorpoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "VIA-through ≠ ABL-from; ≠ ALL-towards/manner; ≠ mukar-go-to; ≠ liaq-travel-to-place.", "Combined -kkoor citation and the vialis-plus-post-case operator analysis are separate representations; preserve the cited motion sense and review possessed/plural bindings (AITWG:§13.6).", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -kkoorpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent VIA/prolative move-via/through/along-N (Nielsen '÷kkoor-, bevæger sig ad, tager via/igennem N'; AITWG/Bjørnum); Soft-PIN E motion — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; VIA-through ≠ ABL-from ≠ ALL-towards/manner ≠ mukar-go-to ≠ liaq-travel-to-place; ≠ Soft-PIN D LOC-be-at", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -kkoorpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Verbalises the vialis/prolative case: 'to move via/through/along N'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qaqqakkoorpoq", "natural": "he goes over the mountain (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from qaqqaq, 'mountain')" }, { "surface": "Maniitsukkoorpoq", "natural": "he travels via Maniitsoq (Nielsen2012's example, place name)" }, { "surface": "Evap inaatigoorpoq", "natural": "he went through Eva's room (Nielsen2012's example, from ini, 'room'; illustrates the -tigoor- allomorph after a possessed/plural form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -kkoorpoq", "AITWG:§13.6", "AITWG:§13.5" ], "id": "N_VIA_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_ABL_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S comes/is from N (verbalisation of the ablative case)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "±meer", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.6 distinguishes a completed ablative-case word plus verbalisation from the combined citation forms printed alongside ordinary affixes in dictionaries. This entry stores the combined ±meer form, including its case material; appending that full citation after an already-realized ablative ending would duplicate the case marker. The post-case analysis has a separate record, ENCL_Vq_derivational. Combined citation and post-case operator representations must not be conflated; possessed/plural constructions require their own reviewed bindings, not unconditional reuse of this citation. Existing operative fields remain unchanged.", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_INST_Vb below (§5.8): both AITWG-Affixes' own citation lines print the identical surface form ±meerpoq for two genuinely different case verbalisers -- this entry (ablative, 'comes from N') and N_INST_Vb (instrumental/objective, 'does s.t. with N'). Bjornum2012 independently keeps these as two separate, cross-referenced headwords ('-/+meerpoq n-v gør noget (et eller andet)' vs '-/+meerpoq / -/+minngaanneerpoq n-v er fra', with an explicit '(Se også -/+meerpoq (2))' cross-reference note), confirming this is a real two-case homograph in the citation form, not a single polysemous morpheme -- unlike the combined entries above, kept SPLIT here to match both AITWG-Affixes' own case-verbaliser bracket notation (ABL vs INST are different case categories) and Bjornum2012's explicit numbered disambiguation.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text also cites the fuller alternate form ±minngaanneerpoq (built on the fuller ablative ±minngaanneer-, cf. AITWG:§2.4's own ablative allomorphy); Bjornum2012 independently confirms both forms are used interchangeably ('de to former bruges i flæng')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} comes from ___; {{Subject}} is from ___", "da": "nogen kommer fra ___; nogen er fra ___", "verb_phrase": "come from ___; be from ___ (verbalisation of the ablative case)", "en_short": "{{Subject}} comes from ___; {{Subject}} is from ___", "da_short": "nogen kommer fra ___; nogen er fra ___", "composition": { "en": "come from ___; be from ___ (verbalisation of the ablative case)", "da": "nogen kommer fra ___; nogen er fra ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "kommer fra ___; er fra ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_ABL_Vb_come_from_ablative", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+meerpoq (2)" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-come-from-ablative", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_ABL_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "come_from_ablative", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject comes/is from N via ABL-case verbaliser (Nuummeerpoq, Paamiuneerpoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "ABL-from ≠ ALL-towards/manner; ≠ mukar-go-to; ≠ VIA-through; ≠ liaq-travel-to-place.", "Combined ablative ±meer citation includes case material; keep it distinct from the post-case operator and the instrumental homograph N_INST_Vb (AITWG:§13.6).", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+meerpoq (2)" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent ABL-from come/be-from-N (Nielsen '±meer-/±minngaanneer-, komme/være fra N'; AITWG/Bjørnum -/+meerpoq (2)); Soft-PIN E motion — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; ABL-from ≠ ALL-towards/manner ≠ mukar-go-to ≠ VIA-through ≠ liaq-travel-to-place; ≠ Soft-PIN D LOC-be-at; ≠ INST-homograph", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+meerpoq (2)" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Verbalises the ablative case: 'to be from, or to come from, N' -- most often used with place names.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuummeerpoq", "natural": "he is from Nuuk (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, place name)" }, { "surface": "Nuumminngaanneerpoq", "natural": "same meaning, using the fuller alternate form (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example)" }, { "surface": "Paamiuneerpoq", "natural": "he is from Paamiut (Nielsen2012's example, place name)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+meerpoq (2)", "AITWG:§13.6" ], "id": "N_ABL_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_ALL_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S moves towards N; S is into N (verbalisation of the allative case; with numerals, means 'comes in at N o'clock')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_ALL_Vb:628fb81064fa", "items": [ { "text": "S moves towards N; S is into N (verbalisation of the allative case; with numerals, means 'comes in at N o'clock')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+moorpoq", "AITWG:§13.6" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "±moor", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.6 distinguishes a completed allative-case word plus verbalisation from the combined citation forms printed alongside ordinary affixes in dictionaries. This entry stores the combined ±moor form, including its case material; appending that full citation after an already-realized allative ending would duplicate the case marker. The post-case analysis has a separate record, ENCL_Vq_derivational. Combined citation and post-case operator representations must not be conflated; possessed/plural constructions require their own reviewed bindings, not unconditional reuse of this citation. Existing operative fields remain unchanged.", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_ALL_kaq_Vb below: AITWG-Affixes' own text presents these as two formally distinct allative verbalisers -- N{ALL}{*V*q}V (this entry, ±moorpoq) and N{ALL}{-kaq}V (N_ALL_kaq_Vb, ±mukarpoq) -- with different citation forms and, per AITWG-Affixes' own gloss, subtly different senses ('moves towards/is into N' vs the more literal 'goes to N'); kept as two separate entries matching the source's own bracket-level distinction. Bjornum2012 independently keeps these as two separate headwords too, glossed close to identically to AITWG-Affixes' own wording.", "Bjornum2012's own text flags this affix as 'ikke produktiv' (not productive) in modern usage, unlike N_ALL_kaq_Vb below -- recorded here since it bears on how confidently a learner should expect to coin new forms with this specific affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} moves towards ___; {{Subject}} is into ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} moves towards ___", "da": "nogen bevæger sig hen mod ___", "verb_phrase": "move towards ___; be into ___ (verbalisation of the allative case; with numerals, means 'comes in at ___ o'clock')", "da_short": "nogen bevæger sig hen mod ___", "composition": { "en": "move towards ___; be into ___ (verbalisation of the allative case; with numerals, means 'comes in at ___ o'clock')", "da": "nogen bevæger sig hen mod ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bevæger sig hen mod ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_ALL_Vb_move_towards_allative", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+moorpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-move-towards-allative", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_ALL_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "move_towards_allative", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject moves towards/in-direction-of N via ALL-case verbaliser (±moor); numeral clock idiom (qulinoortarpoq) stays honesty." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "ALL-towards/manner ≠ ABL-from; ≠ mukar-go-to N_ALL_kaq; ≠ VIA-through; ≠ liaq-travel-to-place.", "Soft-PIN E motion — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Soft-PIN D LOC-be-at; clock-numeral idiom honesty — do not invent sentences; Bjornum non-productive flag honesty.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+moorpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent ALL-towards/manner move-towards/in-direction-of-N (Nielsen '±moor-, verbaliseret terminalis'; AITWG/Bjørnum -/+moorpoq); Soft-PIN E motion — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; ALL-towards/manner ≠ ABL-from ≠ mukar-go-to ≠ VIA-through ≠ liaq-travel-to-place; ≠ Soft-PIN D LOC-be-at; clock-numeral idiom honesty", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+moorpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Verbalises the allative case with a directional/durative sense: 'to move in the direction of N' or 'to be engaged in N'; with time-of-day numerals, 'to habitually arrive/meet at N o'clock'. Bjornum2012 flags this affix as no longer productive in modern usage.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilumoorpoq", "natural": "he speaks the truth, is truthful (Bjornum2012's example, from ilumut, 'truly, indeed')" }, { "surface": "qulinoortarpoq", "natural": "he habitually arrives at 10 o'clock (AITWG-Affixes'/Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from qulinut, 'at ten o'clock')" }, { "surface": "sanimoorpoq", "natural": "he moves sideways, crosswise (Nielsen2012's example, from sani, 'the side')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+moorpoq", "AITWG:§13.6" ], "id": "N_ALL_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_ALL_kaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S goes to N (verbalisation of the allative case)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "±mukar", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.6 distinguishes a completed allative-case word plus verbalisation from the combined citation forms printed alongside ordinary affixes in dictionaries. This entry stores the combined ±mukar form, including its case material; appending that full citation after an already-realized allative ending would duplicate the case marker. The post-case analysis has a separate record, ENCL_kaq_derivational. Combined citation and post-case operator representations must not be conflated; possessed/plural constructions require their own reviewed bindings, not unconditional reuse of this citation. Existing operative fields remain unchanged.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes this affix can further combine with V{-a}V ('several S'es Vb together') to give N{ALL}{-kaa}V (±mukaapput), used with a plural ending to mean several subjects are going together -- not modeled as a separate entry, recorded in prose only; Nielsen2012 independently corroborates the identical combination with its own Evamukaapput example." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} goes to ___", "da": "nogen tager til ___", "verb_phrase": "go to ___ (verbalisation of the allative case)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} goes to ___", "da_short": "nogen tager til ___", "composition": { "en": "go to ___ (verbalisation of the allative case)", "da": "nogen tager til ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "tager til ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_ALL_kaq_Vb_go_to_mukar", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+mukarpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-go-to-mukar", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_ALL_kaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "go_to_mukar", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject goes/travels to N via ALL mukar verbaliser (±mukar; Nuummukarpoq, qaqqamukarpoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "mukar-go-to ≠ ABL-from; ≠ ALL-towards/manner N_ALL; ≠ VIA-through; ≠ liaq-travel-to-place.", "Soft-PIN E motion — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Soft-PIN D LOC-be-at; plural N{ALL}{-kaa}V combination honesty — not a separate forced operator sense.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+mukarpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent mukar-go-to-N (Nielsen '±mukar-, verbaliseret terminalis; bevæge sig til N'; AITWG/Bjørnum -/+mukarpoq); Soft-PIN E motion — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; mukar-go-to ≠ ABL-from ≠ ALL-towards/manner ≠ VIA-through ≠ liaq-travel-to-place; ≠ Soft-PIN D LOC-be-at", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+mukarpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Verbalises the allative case with a literal directional sense: 'to go/travel to N'. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('±mukar-, verbaliseret terminalis; bevæge sig til N') and Bjornum2012 ('-/+mukarpoq n-v går (kører/flyver/sejler/rejser osv.) til'), which supply the examples below between them.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuummukarpoq", "natural": "he has gone to Nuuk (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, place name)" }, { "surface": "qaqqamukarpoq", "natural": "he went up into the mountains (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from qaqqaq, 'mountain')" }, { "surface": "sumukarpit?", "natural": "where are you headed? (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from sumut, 'whither')" }, { "surface": "Evamukaapput", "natural": "they all went together to Eva's (Nielsen2012's example, illustrating the plural N{ALL}{-kaa}V combination with V{-a}V)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+mukarpoq", "AITWG:§13.6" ], "id": "N_ALL_kaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_licaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has brought a/his N with him; S resembles N (seemingly used only with nouns for people, in the resemblance sense)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_licaq_Vb:4a4072241048", "items": [ { "text": "S has brought a/his N with him; S resembles N (seemingly used only with nouns for people, in the resemblance sense)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lisarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lisar", "left_sandhi": "replacive", "notes": [ "COMBINED entry: AITWG-Affixes' own text presents N{-licaq}V twice with the identical bracket form and citation (-lisarpoq) -- §5.4 ('S has brought a/his N with him') and §5.7 ('S resembles N') -- and MOFO's own single affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-licaq.html) independently lists BOTH senses together on that one page ('Actor resembles N', 'Actor has brought a/his N with him'), the same tie-breaker evidence used to combine N_irut_Vb/N_lire_Vb/N_siuq_Vb above and N_iaq_Vb below. Bjornum2012 independently combines the same two senses under one headword too ('-lisarpoq (produktiv) / -sisarpoq (undertiden ved t-stammen) / -isarpoq (leksikaliseret) n-v har sin ... med; ligner sin ...').", "Nielsen2012, like N_siuq_Vb above, numbers these as two separate sub-entries instead -- '+lisar- 1, have sin N med sig' (§5.3.1.4.2) and '÷lisar- 2, ligne sin N' (§5.3.1.7.2) -- the same three-against-one split pattern (MOFO + Bjornum2012 combine; Nielsen2012 + AITWG-Affixes' own two-subsection placement separate), flagged rather than silently resolved; this entry follows the majority combined treatment.", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_licaaq_Vb above (§5.4, 'is wearing N', long /aa/): see that entry's own note for the reverse direction of this same flagged overlap -- MOFO's own -licaaq.html page also lists a 'brought N with him' sense alongside its primary 'wearing' one, an unresolved cross-page overlap in MOFO's own data that this repo does not attempt to fully reconcile.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes 'sound replacivity on tə-stems' for this affix; MOFO's own page independently confirms left sandhi 'Truncative, Replacive, /VC/ deleting, Irregular' and Bjornum2012 gives a directly attested tə-stem replacive example (arnaat -> arnaasisarpoq) below.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lisarpoq explicitly distinguishes productive -lisarpoq from fused -isarpoq, which is no longer productive and occurs in lexicalized words." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has brought a(n) ___ along; {{Subject}} resembles ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has brought a(n) ___ along", "da": "nogen har taget ___ med; nogen ligner ___", "verb_phrase": "bring a(n) ___ along; resemble ___ (seemingly used only with nouns for {{Actors}}, in the resemblance sense)", "da_short": "nogen har taget en ___ med", "composition": { "en": "bring a(n) ___ along; resemble ___ (seemingly used only with nouns for {{Actors}}, in the resemblance sense)", "da": "nogen har taget en ___ med; nogen ligner ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har taget ___ med; ligner ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_licaq_Vb_bring_along_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lisarpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-bring-along", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_licaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "bring_along", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor uses (aappalisarpoq, sikkililisarpoq); no avalent packing asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Bring-along possession is the first/primary sense on this tip (Nielsen '+lisar- 1' §5.3.1.4.2; AITWG wear-bring cites; Bjørnum -lisarpoq).", "Resemblance sense (Nielsen '÷lisar- 2, ligne sin N' §5.3.1.7.2; AITWG §5.7; person-restricted hosts) is a later/separate sense — recorded here as unsupported omission, not silently collapsed into bring-along.", "Bring axis — not abundance prose and does not claim size↔quantity dual.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from N_licaaq_Vb clothing-wear (long /aa/), N_nga_Vb resemblance (any N), N_qaq_Vb plain possession, and argument-scope qassiit vague quantity." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lisarpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described bring-along possession of incorporated N (Nielsen '+lisar- 1, have sin N med sig'; AITWG has brought N with him; Bjørnum '-lisarpoq … har sin … med'); bring axis — first sense this tip; resemblance §5.3.1.7.2 left as unsupported_omissions / later sense (no silent collapse); not abundance prose and does not claim size↔quantity dual; distinct from N_licaaq_Vb wear; not N_qaq plain have and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit)", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lisarpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Two related senses per AITWG-Affixes' own two-subsection listing (and MOFO's/Bjornum2012's combined single-headword treatment): (1) 'has brought N along with him'; (2) restricted to nouns for people, 'resembles N' -- e.g. 'he looks like his grandfather'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aappalisarpoq", "natural": "he has his spouse/companion with him (Nielsen2012's example, from aappaq, 'spouse, companion')" }, { "surface": "arnaasisarpoq", "natural": "he has his girlfriend with him (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from arnaat, 'girlfriend', a tə-stem -- illustrates the replacive /s/ allomorph)" }, { "surface": "sikkililisarpoq", "natural": "he has his bicycle with him (Bjornum2012's example, from sikkili, 'bicycle')" }, { "surface": "ataatalisarpoq", "natural": "he resembles his father (Nielsen2012's example, from ataata, 'father'; resemblance sense)" }, { "surface": "angusisarpoq", "natural": "he resembles his father (Nielsen2012's example, from angut, 'man, father'; resemblance sense, tə-stem replacive)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lisarpoq" ], "id": "N_licaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_nga_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S resembles N (AITWG-Affixes tentatively describes broad N hosts, contrasting N_licaq_Vb as seemingly restricted to people)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_nga_Vb:310f20b4755f", "items": [ { "text": "S resembles N (AITWG-Affixes tentatively describes broad N hosts, contrasting N_licaq_Vb as seemingly restricted to people)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "rationale": "AITWG-Affixes presents host scope and the contrast as tentative; preserve the revised gloss as one uncertain review unit." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nga", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Initial /ŋ/: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 lists /ŋ/ among sandhi-truncative onsets; AITWG-Affixes:p.25 writes N{-ŋa}V. The primary source also marks this affix truncative.", "DISAMBIGUATION from Bjornum2012's own unrelated '+ngavoq v-v er i en tilstand af' entry (glossed 'is in a state of', explicitly flagged there as no longer productive, cf. -mavoq/-qqavoq): a homograph in citation spelling only, a verb-to-verb affix with a completely different meaning and word class -- deliberately not cited here as corroboration, the same declined-false-match discipline already used elsewhere in this repo (e.g. this repo's N_kkallak_N declining a Nielsen2012 near-match)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} resembles ___", "da": "nogen ligner ___", "verb_phrase": "resemble ___ (AITWG-Affixes tentatively describes broad hosts, contrasting N_licaq_Vb as seemingly person-restricted)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} resembles ___", "da_short": "nogen ligner ___", "composition": { "en": "resemble ___ (AITWG-Affixes tentatively describes broad hosts, contrasting N_licaq_Vb as seemingly person-restricted)", "da": "nogen ligner ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "ligner ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_nga_Vb_resemble", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-resemble", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_nga_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "resemble", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent resemble/look-like N (kalaalingavoq, Leningavoq); AITWG tentatively contrasts broad hosts with seemingly person-restricted N_licaq." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Resemblance axis — distinct from Slice B N_licaq_Vb bring-along (the source describes the resemblance restriction as tentative; keep the other frame distinct); do not retouch N_licaq here.", "Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis A acquire.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described resemble/look-like N (Nielsen '÷nga- 1, ligne, se ud som N'; AITWG tentatively describes broad hosts); Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ N_licaq seemingly person-restricted resemblance; ≠ Axis A acquire", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as resembling N. AITWG-Affixes tentatively describes broad noun hosts and contrasts N_licaq_Vb as seemingly restricted to people. Nielsen2012's ÷nga- 1 entry independently supplies the resemblance sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kalaalingavoq", "natural": "he looks like a Greenlander (Nielsen2012's example, from kalaaleq, 'Greenlander')" }, { "surface": "Leningavoq", "natural": "she looks like Lene (Nielsen2012's example, from the name Lene)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "id": "N_nga_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_palaaq_seem_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S seems/looks like a(n) N (also, avalently, 'there is a sound of N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_palaaq_seem_Vb:41ceaa6572d3", "items": [ { "text": "S seems/looks like a(n) N (also, avalently, 'there is a sound of N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+palaaq", "left_sandhi": "default", "allomorphs": { "alveolar_schwa_stem": "+rpalaaq" }, "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form N{(q)palaaq}V marks a conditioned epenthetic /q/ (citation +(r)palaarpoq); MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/(q)valaaq.html) models the same affix as N{(q)valaaq}V with 'Default' left sandhi -- the same simplification precedent as N_luk_have_Vb above (matching V_palaaq_Vb's own established handling of an identical parenthetical-/q/ citation shape, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml).", "Cross-reference to this repo's existing V_palaaq_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, V-to-V, 'the sound of Vb'ing can be heard'): that entry's own notes explicitly flag 'MOFO also records a nominal variant, N{(q)valaaq}V, with a related meaning -- not modeled here.' THIS entry is that previously-deferred nominal variant, now modeled; MOFO's own page for this entry independently corroborates the same avalent 'there is a sound of N' sense alongside the primary 'resembles N' one, directly paralleling V_palaaq_Vb's own avalent-sound-perception semantics.", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.8 explicitly lists +(r)palaar- among additive affixes that insert r after a vowel-final base, including a base ending in original -tə (angut -> anguterpaat). Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2 gives +(r)palaar- 1 the matching \"looks/seems like N\" sense. The alveolar_schwa_stem allomorph +rpalaaq records only this supported original-schwa host condition; it combines with the existing ə-rule and q/r respelling to build the cited anguterpalaarpoq. It does not assert the selector for other host classes or for the separate V-to-V, auditory N-to-V, or truncative palaar homographs." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} seems like a(n) ___; {{Subject}} looks like a(n) ___", "da": "nogen ser ud til at være en ___", "verb_phrase": "seem like a(n) ___; look like a(n) ___ (also, avalently, 'there is a sound of ___')", "en_short": "{{Actor}} seems like a ___; {{Actor}} looks like a ___", "da_short": "nogen ser ud til at være en ___", "composition": { "en": "seem like a(n) ___; look like a(n) ___ (also, avalently, 'there is a sound of ___')", "da": "nogen ser ud til at være en ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "ser ud til at være en ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as looking, seeming, or sounding like N. The anguterpalaarpoq witness binds this N-to-V resemblance sense through its Oqaasileriffik entry and Katersat composition; Nielsen2012:§5.1.8 and §5.3.1.7.2 independently support the recessive-r condition on the original-schwa host class. See the linked issue-161 palaar evidence decision for the exact row and the limits of the admission." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.8", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "id": "N_palaaq_seem_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_pallak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S acts like a(n) N; S does s.t. typical of a(n) N (also, avalently, 'there is a sound of N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_pallak_Vb:c63b18373559", "items": [ { "text": "S acts like a(n) N; S does s.t. typical of a(n) N (also, avalently, 'there is a sound of N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+pallak", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form N{(q)pallak}V marks the same conditioned epenthetic /q/ pattern as N_palaaq_seem_Vb above; MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/(q)vallak.html) independently confirms 'Default' left sandhi and lists the same two senses (typical-behaviour and sound-perception) side by side.", "DISAMBIGUATION from Bjornum2012's own unrelated '-pallappoq v-v skynder sig at' entry (glossed 'hurries to', a different verb-to-verb affix) -- a homograph in citation spelling only, deliberately not cited here as corroboration, matching the same discipline used on N_nga_Vb above.", "morphology_class.stem_type:velar_final_stem (oq#380 follow-up round): once this affix attaches, the resulting derived verb ends in a real, phonologically active /k/ (its own underlying_form's final letter), same Definition 3.9 reasoning as N_katak_Vb above. Confirmed against the entry's own cited arnarpallappoq: arnaq + pallak -> arnarpallak (k-final, the epenthetic /r/ already correctly handled elsewhere), + V_IND_INTR_3SG's 'poq' needs k+p -> pp to reach the attested arnarpallappoq, not arnarpallakpoq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} acts like a(n) ___; does something typical of a(n) ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} acts like a ___", "da": "nogen opfører sig som en ___; gør noget typisk for en ___", "verb_phrase": "act like a(n) ___; do something typical of a(n) ___ (also, avalently, 'there is a sound of ___')", "da_short": "nogen opfører sig som en ___", "composition": { "en": "act like a(n) ___; do something typical of a(n) ___ (also, avalently, 'there is a sound of ___')", "da": "nogen opfører sig som en ___; gør noget typisk for en ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "opfører sig som en ___; gør noget typisk for en ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent", "stem_type": "velar_final_stem" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_pallak_Vb_act_typical_of", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-act-typical-of", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_pallak_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "act_typical_of", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy packs monovalent act-typical-of (Lenerpallappoq, arnarpallappoq) alongside avalent sound-of-N (anorerpallappoq); avalent sound packing is honesty note, not a separate asserted operator sense." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Dual act-typical + avalent sound honesty — not collapsed into one forced valency claim.", "Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis A acquire; ≠ N_sunnit smell avalent.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described act-typical-of N with avalent sound-of-N packing honesty (Nielsen '+(r)pallag- 1'; AITWG S acts like / does s.t. typical of N; avalent 'there is a sound of N'); Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); dual act-typical + avalent sound honesty; ≠ Axis A acquire", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as behaving in a way typical or stereotypical of N. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+(r)pallag- 1' entry, which documents both the typical-behaviour sense and a related sound-perception sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Lenerpallappoq", "natural": "that's typical Lene (Nielsen2012's example, from the name Lene)" }, { "surface": "arnarpallappoq", "natural": "that's typical of women (Nielsen2012's example, from arnaq, 'woman')" }, { "surface": "anorerpallappoq", "natural": "you can hear the wind (Nielsen2012's example, from anori, 'wind'; sound-perception sense)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "id": "N_pallak_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_paluk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S looks/seems/sounds like a(n) N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+paluk", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form N{(q)paluk}V marks the same conditioned epenthetic /q/ pattern as N_palaaq_seem_Vb/N_pallak_Vb above; MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/(q)valuk.html) independently confirms 'Default' left sandhi." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} looks like a(n) ___; {{Subject}} seems like a(n) ___; {{Subject}} sounds like a(n) ___", "da": "nogen ser ud som en ___; nogen ser lyder som en ___", "verb_phrase": "look like a(n) ___; seem like a(n) ___; sound like a(n) ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} looks like a(n) ___; {{Subject}} seems like a(n) ___; {{Subject}} sounds like a(n) ___", "da_short": "nogen ser ud som en ___; nogen ser lyder som en ___", "composition": { "en": "look like a(n) ___; seem like a(n) ___; sound like a(n) ___", "da": "nogen ser ud som en ___; nogen ser lyder som en ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "ser ud som en ___; ser lyder som en ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_paluk_Vb_seem_look_sound_like", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-seem-look-sound-like", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_paluk_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "seem_look_sound_like", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent look/seem/sound-like (palaserpaluppoq, avannaamiorpaluppoq, kallerpaluppoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Seem/look/sound axis — not smell (N_sunnit); keep distinct from N_pasik look-just-like and N_nga resemble.", "Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis A acquire.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described seem/look/sound-like N (Nielsen '+(r)palug-'; AITWG S looks/seems/sounds like a(n) N); Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); not smell (N_sunnit); ≠ N_pasik / N_nga peers; ≠ Axis A acquire", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as looking, seeming, or sounding like N -- closely related to N_palaaq_seem_Vb/N_pallak_Vb/N_pasik_Vb, four near-synonymous members of the same AITWG-Affixes sub-list. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+(r)palug-' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "palaserpaluppoq", "natural": "he looks like a priest (Nielsen2012's example, from palasi, 'priest')" }, { "surface": "avannaamiorpaluppoq", "natural": "he sounds like he's from North Greenland (Nielsen2012's example, from avannaamioq, 'North Greenlander')" }, { "surface": "kallerpaluppoq", "natural": "it sounds like thunder (Nielsen2012's example, from kalleq, 'thunder')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "id": "N_paluk_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_pasik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S looks/seems just like a(n) N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+pasik", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form N{(q)pasik}V marks the same conditioned epenthetic /q/ pattern as the other members of this sub-list; MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/(q)vasik.html) independently confirms 'Default' left sandhi and right sandhi 'Assibilation (t⇒s)', consistent with this repo's established amiq/taliq/ukaliq family." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} looks just like a(n) ___; {{Subject}} seems just like a(n) ___", "da": "nogen ligner præcis en ___", "verb_phrase": "look just like a(n) ___; seem just like a(n) ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} looks just like a(n) ___; {{Subject}} seems just like a(n) ___", "da_short": "nogen ligner præcis en ___", "composition": { "en": "look just like a(n) ___; seem just like a(n) ___", "da": "nogen ligner præcis en ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "ligner præcis en ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_pasik_Vb_look_just_like", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-look-just-like", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_pasik_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "look_just_like", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent look/seem-just-like (kalaalerpasippoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Look-just-like peer of N_nga/N_paluk — keep distinct ids; ≠ Axis A acquire.", "Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone).", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described look/seem-just-like N (Nielsen '+(r)pasig- 1'; AITWG S looks/seems just like a(n) N); Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); peer of N_nga/N_paluk with distinct id; ≠ Axis A acquire", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as looking distinctly or unmistakably like N. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+(r)pasig- 1' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kalaalerpasippoq", "natural": "he looks just like a Greenlander (Nielsen2012's example, from kalaaleq, 'Greenlander')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "id": "N_pasik_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_cci_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S behaves just like a(n) N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssi", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form N{cci}V (citation -ssivoq); MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/kci.html) independently confirms plain 'Default' left sandhi and right sandhi 'Assibilation (t⇒s)', a vowel-stem type." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} behaves just like a(n) ___", "da": "nogen opfører sig præcis som en ___", "verb_phrase": "behave just like a(n) ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} behaves just like a(n) ___", "da_short": "nogen opfører sig præcis som en ___", "composition": { "en": "behave just like a(n) ___", "da": "nogen opfører sig præcis som en ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "opfører sig præcis som en ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_cci_Vb_behave_just_like", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-behave-just-like", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_cci_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "behave_just_like", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent behave-just-like (Kinassivit?, kalassivoq, aapakaassivoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Behaviour-like axis — ≠ N_nga visual resemble; ≠ Axis A acquire.", "Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone).", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described behave-just-like N (Nielsen '÷ssi- 1, gøre/være som N'; AITWG S behaves just like a(n) N); Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ N_nga visual resemble; ≠ Axis A acquire", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as behaving exactly like N, often with a mocking or imitative connotation. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷ssi- 1, gøre/være som N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Kinassivit?", "natural": "who are you pretending to be? (Nielsen2012's example, from kina, 'who')" }, { "surface": "kalassivoq", "natural": "he is acting like a country bumpkin (Nielsen2012's example, from kalak, 'unsophisticated/rural Greenlander', a mildly derogatory term)" }, { "surface": "aapakaassivoq", "natural": "he is monkeying around (Nielsen2012's example, from aapakaaq, 'monkey')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "id": "N_cci_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_sunnit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "there is a smell of N (avalent)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sunnip", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form N{sunnit}V (citation +sunnippoq); MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/suknit.html) independently confirms right sandhi 'tð⇒ts' -- consistent with this repo's right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision value already established on N_tu_Vb/N_kit_Vb (the participle form would be -sunnitsoq, not a plain -sunnittoq).", "DISAMBIGUATION from this repo's existing N_sunni_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, N-to-N, 'the smell of N', bracket N{sunni}V without a final /t/): AITWG-Affixes' own bracket forms are formally distinct (sunni vs sunnit) even though closely related historically -- N_sunni_N's own notes independently cross-reference the VERBALIZED cognate '+sunnippoq/-tsoq' as 'the closely related verbalized cognate', i.e. this exact entry, previously flagged there as not yet modeled. This entry fills that previously-noted gap.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text also cites a related augmented form, N{suaqnit}V (+suarnippoq, 'smells good of N', per MOFO's own separate page mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/suaqnit.html) -- modeled as its own entry, N_suaqnit_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "there is a smell of ___", "da": "der er en lugt af ___", "verb_phrase": "there is a smell of ___", "da_verb_phrase": "der er en lugt af ___", "en_short": "there is a smell of ___", "da_short": "der er en lugt af ___", "composition": { "en": "there is a smell of ___", "da": "der er en lugt af ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "avalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_sunnit_Vb_smell_of_avalent", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-smell-of-avalent", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_sunnit_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "smell_of_avalent", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is avalent 'there is a smell/taste of N' (silasunnippoq, pujorsunnippoq); avalent packing honesty (peer note to N_gasak) — not actor-monovalent seem." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Avalent smell/taste packing honesty — not forced into actor-monovalent seem; peer note to N_gasak stain avalent packing.", "Axis B seem/pretend (olfactory) — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ N_paluk look/sound; ≠ Axis A acquire.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described avalent smell/taste-of-N (Nielsen/AITWG there is a smell of N); Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); avalent packing honesty (peer note to N_gasak); not actor-monovalent seem; ≠ Axis A acquire", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "This owner retains the avalent 'there is a smell of N' reading given by AITWG-Affixes p.25. MOFO explicitly lists avalent and monovalent uses; Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.7.2 prints pujorsunnippoq with 'det/han lugter af røg'. The subject-bearing smell reading is recorded separately in N_sunnit_monovalent_Vb. Nielsen's shared head also includes taste, so taste is not confined to old-dictionary usage. Kleinschmidt .nnippoq independently records smell/taste examples. Nielsen prints +sunnit- and MOFO calls the shared carrier a t-stem; this owner's legacy +sunnip representation and executable frame remain unchanged pending a separate representation review.", "examples": [ { "surface": "silasunnippoq", "natural": "it smells of fresh air (Nielsen2012's example, from sila, 'weather, air')" }, { "surface": "pujorsunnippoq", "natural": "it smells of smoke (Nielsen2012's example, from pujoq, 'smoke'; illustrates the host's own weak-q-stem /q/->/r/ weakening, not this affix's own sandhi)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2", "MOFO:nv/suknit", "Kleinschmidt1871:.nnippoq#e9907" ], "id": "N_sunnit_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_sunnit_monovalent_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S smells of N; S smells like N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sunnit", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.7.2 prints +sunnit- and pujorsunnippoq, det/han lugter af røg. This owner selects the subject-bearing smell reading; the plus marker supports additive attachment. MOFO explicitly describes Actor smells like N and lists avalent and monovalent valencies on the same t-stem.", "Nielsen literally prints -tsoq on the same head. This source observation is retained without an encoded participle selector: mapping that shape to a consumer operation remains held. No complete paradigm is asserted.", "The source carrier ends in t. The avalent N_sunnit_Vb retains its legacy +sunnip representation; that p-final respelling is not inherited here. Literal pujorsunnippoq remains independently attested even if a consumer does not reconstruct the finite cell." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} smells of ___; {{Subject}} smells like ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} smells of ___", "verb_phrase": "smell of ___; smell like ___", "composition": { "en": "smell of ___; smell like ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The subject is the bearer of the smell, as in Nielsen's explicit han reading of pujorsunnippoq. No intentional action is required. The avalent there-is-a-smell reading remains under N_sunnit_Vb. Subject-bearing taste, arbitrary new hosts and a full person-number paradigm are not admitted here.", "examples": [ { "surface": "pujorsunnippoq", "natural": "he smells of smoke (Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.7.2, selecting its explicit han reading; from pujoq, smoke)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/suknit", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2", "Oqaatsit1997:pujorsunnippoq#e11839", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pujorsunnippoq#e11114" ], "id": "N_sunnit_monovalent_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_EQU_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S acts like N; S speaks the language N; S has a class in N as a language subject (in school) (verbalisation of the equative/similaris case)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "±toor", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.6 distinguishes a completed equalis-case word plus verbalisation from the combined citation forms printed alongside ordinary affixes in dictionaries. This entry stores the combined ±toor form, including its case material; appending that full citation after an already-realized equalis ending would duplicate the case marker. The post-case analysis has a separate record, ENCL_Vq_derivational. Combined citation and post-case operator representations must not be conflated; possessed/plural constructions require their own reviewed bindings, not unconditional reuse of this citation. Existing operative fields remain unchanged.", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25, Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2 and Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+toorpoq relate this verbal construction to the equative. K9 prints it separately from the n-n -/+tooq language nominalizer; neither its heading nor examples establish that the nominalizer is derived from this verb. Its tuluttoorpoq school reading concerns English as a school subject, not an English medium of instruction." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} acts like ___; speaks in the language ___; has a class in ___ as a language subject", "en_short": "{{Actor}} acts like ___", "da": "nogen opfører sig som ___; taler sproget ___; har undervisning i sproget ___", "verb_phrase": "act like ___; speak the language ___; have a class in ___ as a language subject (in school) (verbalisation of the equative/similaris case)", "da_short": "nogen opfører sig som ___", "composition": { "en": "act like ___; speak the language ___; have a class in ___ as a language subject (in school) (verbalisation of the equative/similaris case)", "da": "nogen opfører sig som ___; taler sproget ___; har undervisning i sproget ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "opfører sig som ___; taler sproget ___; har undervisning i sproget ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_EQU_Vb_act_like_equative", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+toorpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-act-like-equative", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_EQU_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "act_like_equative", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent equative/similaris verbalisation (kalaallisoorpoq act/speak-like; language-N and school-class senses OK in value)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Equative/similaris seem axis — NOT acquire; NOT possession operator.type; not N_tu clone.", "Distinct from N_cci behave-just-like and N_nga visual resemble; ≠ Axis A acquire.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+toorpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described equative/similaris act-like / speak-language-N verbalisation (AITWG S acts like N / speaks language N; Nielsen §5.3.1.7.2); Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone; NOT acquire); language-N sense OK; ≠ Axis A acquire", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+toorpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Verbalises the equative/similaris case: 'to act/behave like N', and, since the same case also names languages, 'to speak the language N' or, in a school context, 'to have a class in N as a language subject'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kalaallisoorpoq", "natural": "he says something in Greenlandic (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from kalaaleq, 'Greenlander')" }, { "surface": "kalaallisoorneq", "natural": "the subject 'Greenlandic' as taught in school (AITWG-Affixes' own example, the deverbal nominalisation of this affix)" }, { "surface": "allatoorpoq", "natural": "he behaves differently/like someone else (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from alla, 'another')" }, { "surface": "tuluttoorpoq", "natural": "has English as a school subject; speaks English (Bjornum2012 K9§6, from tuluttut, in English)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+toorpoq", "AITWG:§13.6" ], "id": "N_EQU_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_ucaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S pretends to be N; S plays at being N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-usaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "allomorphs": { "alveolar_schwa_stem": "aasaar" }, "notes": [ "Incoming attachment is truncative: MOFO explicitly labels N{-ucaaq}V Truncative and describes regular truncation with j-epenthesis after a long vowel. Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.7.2 independently prints ÷usaar- 1, ÷jusaar- and angutaasaarpoq / sakkutuujusaarput. The retained t in source-attested angutaasaarpoq does not override that explicit incoming classification. Keep the stored aasaar host allomorph unaltered; failures to reconstruct a cited form require a consumer hold, not a different source rule. MOFO separately marks long-vowel u-elision forms as irregular abbreviations; no general elision rule is introduced here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} pretends to be ___; {{Subject}} plays at being ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} pretends to be ___", "da": "nogen lader som om han er ___; leger at være ___", "verb_phrase": "pretend to be ___; play at being ___", "da_short": "nogen lader som om han er ___", "composition": { "en": "pretend to be ___; play at being ___", "da": "nogen lader som om han er ___; leger at være ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "lader som om han er ___; leger at være ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_ucaaq_Vb_pretend_play_at_being", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-pretend-play-at-being", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_ucaaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "pretend_play_at_being", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent pretend/play-at-being (aanaanaasaarpoq, angutaasaarpoq, sakkutuujusaarput)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Pretend/play-as axis — ≠ divalent N_utet_Vb think-P-is-N.", "Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis A acquire.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described pretend/play-at-being N (Nielsen '÷usaar- 1, ÷jusaar- (efter lang vokal), lege N, lade som om man er N'; AITWG S pretends to be N); Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ divalent N_utet think-P-is-N; ≠ Axis A acquire", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as play-acting or pretending to be N, typically in a game or make-believe context. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷usaar- 1, ÷jusaar- (efter lang vokal), lege N, lade som om man er N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aanaanaasaarpoq", "natural": "she is playing mother (Nielsen2012's example, from aanaana, 'mother')" }, { "surface": "angutaasaarpoq", "natural": "she is pretending to be a man (Nielsen2012's example, from angut, 'man')" }, { "surface": "sakkutuujusaarput", "natural": "they are playing soldiers, drilling (Nielsen2012's example, from sakkutooq, 'soldier'; illustrates the -jusaar- allomorph after this long-vowel-final host)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2" ], "id": "N_ucaaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_iaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A removes several N's from P (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form, -iaavoq); also, without HTR, 'N is broken/damaged'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_iaq_Vb:3d73f054d25b", "items": [ { "text": "A removes several N's from P (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form, -iaavoq); also, without HTR, 'N is broken/damaged'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-iaq", "left_sandhi": "aq_truncative", "notes": [ "COMBINED entry: AITWG-Affixes' own text presents N{-iaq}V twice with the identical bracket form -- §5.8's first bullet ('A removes several N's from P', -iarpaa/-iaavoq) and second bullet ('S is broken/damaged', -iarpoq) -- and MOFO's own single affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-ijaq.html) independently lists both senses together ('Agent removes (several) N from Patient', 'N is broken'), the same tie-breaker evidence used to combine N_irut_Vb/N_lire_Vb/N_siuq_Vb/N_licaq_Vb above.", "Nielsen2012 again numbers these as related sub-entries in two different subsections -- '÷iar- 1, ÷ajar- (efter -ə-/-a-), sbj fjerner flere N fra obj' (§5.3.1.8.1.1, transitive) and '÷iar- 2, +ajar- (efter -ə-/-a-), N er gået i stykker' (§5.3.1.8.2.1, intransitive/passive) -- the same cross-subsection-but-single-lexeme pattern already established for the other combined entries in this file.", "MOFO's own page records left sandhi 'Truncative, /aq/ deleting' -- left_sandhi:aq_truncative is used here, the same value as N_iq_Vb/N_iqsi_lost_Vb/N_iqluiq_Vb.", "DISAMBIGUATION -- explicitly NOT the same affix as N_iq_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, bracket N{-iq}V, 'A removes N from P', SINGULAR): AITWG-Affixes' own gloss for this entry specifies 'removes SEVERAL N's', a genuinely different (pluractional) meaning from N_iq_Vb's singular-object sense, despite the superficial similarity; both are independently attested as separate MOFO pages (-ijaq.html vs -iq.html) with different phonemic shapes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} removes several ___s from {{Patient}}; ___ is broken; ___ is damaged", "en_short": "{{Actor}} removes several ___s from {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen fjerner flere ___ fra nogen; ___ er ødelagt; ___ er beskadiget", "verb_phrase": "remove several ___s from {{Patient}} (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form, -iaavoq); also, without HTR, '___ is broken'; also, without HTR, '___ is damaged'", "da_short": "nogen fjerner flere ___ fra nogen", "composition": { "en": "remove several ___s from {{Patient}} (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form, -iaavoq); also, without HTR, '___ is broken'; also, without HTR, '___ is damaged'", "da": "nogen fjerner flere ___ fra nogen; ___ er ødelagt; ___ er beskadiget" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "fjerner flere ___ fra nogen; ___ er ødelagt; ___ er beskadiget" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "htr_role": "patient_preserving" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_iaq_Vb_remove_several_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-remove-several-n", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_iaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "remove_several_n", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Primary source pedagogy is divalent Agent removes several N from Patient (minguiarpaa, aputaajarpaa, mattaajarpaa); HTR {i} → -iaavoq for intransitive remove." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Multi-sense honesty: without HTR = 'N is broken/damaged' (§5.3.1.8.2.1 ÷iar- 2) is NOT silently collapsed into remove-several — left unsupported here (ipuiarpoq, aquutaajarpoq).", "HTR {i} honesty: intransitive remove (-iaavoq) packing is not a separate forced operator sense.", "Pluractional ≠ singular remove N_iq_Vb (parked with iqluiq/iqsi cluster).", "Partition remove — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into/appoint; ≠ INST/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent remove-several-N-from-Patient (Nielsen '÷iar- 1, sbj fjerner flere N fra obj'; AITWG A removes several N from P); Partition remove — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); multi-sense honesty: without-HTR broken/damaged left in unsupported_omissions; HTR {i} honesty; ≠ singular N_iq (parked); ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ INST/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Core transitive sense: the Agent strips or removes several instances of N from the Patient (e.g. picking stones off a surface). Used intransitively, without the {i} HTR-morpheme, it instead means the noun-named thing itself 'is broken/damaged'. Source disagreement: MOFO prints aajaavoq for blood removal, while Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.8.2.1 prints aaviaavoq and Kleinschmidt1871 aaviarpaa explicitly gives Htr. aaviaavoq. Preserve the MOFO spelling as a conflicting source observation; independently printed aaviaavoq may be cited under its own source. The discrepancy does not license a new aaja operator or silent correction of the primary source.", "examples": [ { "surface": "minguiarpaa", "natural": "he cleans it (removing dirt) (Nielsen2012's example, from minguk, 'dirt')" }, { "surface": "aputaajarpaa", "natural": "he clears the snow off it (Nielsen2012's example, from aput, 'snow')" }, { "surface": "mattaajarpaa", "natural": "he cuts the mattak (whale skin) off it (Nielsen2012's example, from mattak, 'mattak')" }, { "surface": "ipuiarpoq", "natural": "the handle/shaft is broken (Nielsen2012's example, from ipu, 'handle, shaft'; intransitive/broken sense)" }, { "surface": "aquutaajarpoq", "natural": "the rudder is broken (Nielsen2012's example, from aquut, 'rudder')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.1", "Kleinschmidt1871:aaviarpaa#e1355" ], "id": "N_iaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_iqniaq_sell_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S sells/will sell N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-erniar", "left_sandhi": "aq_truncative", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION: this repo already has an N_iqniaq_N entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, N-to-N, 'a seller of N', underlying_form -erniaq) -- a genuinely different word class (N->N there, N->V here) built on the same root, not a duplicate ID (the -Vb/-N suffixes differ). AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form for THIS entry is N{-iqniaq}V, identical in shape to N_iqniaq_N's own N{-iqniaq}N.", "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation ends in /-iaq/ (a q-final shape); MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-iqniaq.html) records left sandhi 'Truncative, /aq/ deleting' and right sandhi '/aq/ drop' -- right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision is used here, the same value already established on this repo's V_galuaq_N (deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) and N_nnguaq_N (nominal_modifiers.yaml) for an {aq} that elides before a vowel-initial ending." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} sells ___; {{Subject}} will sell ___", "da": "nogen sælger ___; nogen vil sælge ___", "verb_phrase": "sell ___; will sell ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} sells ___; {{Actor}} will sell ___", "da_short": "nogen sælger ___; nogen vil sælge ___", "composition": { "en": "sell ___; will sell ___", "da": "nogen sælger ___; nogen vil sælge ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "sælger ___; vil sælge ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_iqniaq_sell_Vb_sell_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-sell-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_iqniaq_sell_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "sell_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject sells/will-sell N (puiseerniarpoq, tiiverniarpoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "≠ N→N N_iqniaq_N (seller of N); ≠ remove N_iq_Vb (parked).", "Partition sell/tell/times/pass — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); sell ≠ tell-about ≠ N-times ≠ pass-by; ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent sell-N (Nielsen '÷erniar-, sælge N'; AITWG S sells/will sell N); Partition sell/tell/times/pass — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; ≠ N_iqniaq_N; ≠ remove N_iq; ≠ tell/times/pass peers; ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as selling, or about to sell, N -- a lexicalised sense of the closely related N_iq_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) family, per AITWG-Affixes' own chapter-5.8 framing of this whole 'removes N' sub-group. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷erniar-, sælge N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "puiseerniarpoq", "natural": "he sells seal (meat) (AITWG-Affixes'/Nielsen2012's shared example, from puisi, 'seal')" }, { "surface": "tiiverniarpoq", "natural": "he sells tea (Nielsen2012's example, from tii, 'tea')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2" ], "id": "N_iqniaq_sell_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_liare_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A makes P into a(n) N; A makes a(n) N from P" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-liar", "left_sandhi": "replacive", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "notes": [ "True schwa-stem affix per AITWG-Affixes' own text ('This affix is a true schwa-stem, so it uses the HTR-morpheme {nnək}. It may display sound replacivity on tə-stems'); MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-lijarə.html) independently confirms Stem type 'ə-stem' and left sandhi 'Truncative, Replacive, /VC/ deleting' -- left_sandhi:schwa_buffered_truncative is used matching N_ge_Vb/N_lire_Vb's own established schwa-stem class, and right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering matches the intransitive HTR form -liarinnippoq's own /nn/-geminating pattern.", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_liaq_move_Vb above (§5.6, bracket N{-liaq}V, 'S goes to N') and this repo's own N_liaq_N (nominal_extenders.yaml): AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for THIS entry is N{liarə}V (schwa-final, no leading hyphen) -- a formally and semantically distinct affix, not a homograph of either." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} makes {{Patient}} into a(n) ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} makes {{Patient}} into a ___", "da": "nogen gør nogen til en ___; laver en ___ ud af nogen", "verb_phrase": "make {{Patient}} into a(n) ___; make a(n) ___ from {{Patient}}", "da_short": "nogen gør nogen til en ___", "composition": { "en": "make {{Patient}} into a(n) ___; make a(n) ___ from {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen gør nogen til en ___; laver en ___ ud af nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "gør nogen til en ___; laver en ___ ud af nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "htr_role": "patient_preserving" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_liare_Vb_make_into_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-make-into-n", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_liare_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "make_into_n", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent makes/fashions Patient into N (annoraaliaraa); true schwa-stem uses HTR {nnək} (-liarinnippoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Schwa-stem HTR {nnək} honesty (-liarinnippoq) — not a separate forced operator sense.", "≠ N_liaq_move_Vb (go-to-N) and ≠ N_liaq_N nominal extender — different brackets.", "Partition make-into/appoint — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); fashion/convert-into ≠ appoint N_nnguqtet; ≠ provide/give; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent make/fashion-Patient-into-N (Nielsen '÷liarə-, gøre obj til N'; AITWG A makes P into N); Partition make-into/appoint — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); schwa-stem HTR {nnək} honesty; ≠ appoint N_nnguqtet; ≠ provide/give; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as transforming, converting, or fashioning the Patient into N. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷liarə-, gøre obj til N; fusionerende' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "annoraaliaraa", "natural": "she sews it into an anorak (Nielsen2012's example, from annoraaq, 'anorak')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3" ], "id": "N_liare_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_liq_provide_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A provides P with a(n) N (also, reflexively/intransitively without an explicit Patient: 'A provides himself with N'; with numerals, 'S turns N (years old)')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_liq_provide_Vb:299b862da327", "items": [ { "text": "A provides P with a(n) N (also, reflexively/intransitively without an explicit Patient: 'A provides himself with N'; with numerals, 'S turns N (years old)')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:atserpaa#e2370", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atserpaa#e2321", "Oqaatsit1997:attaserpaa#e2406", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:attaserpaa#e2357", "Oqaatsit1997:attaserpaa#e2407", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:attaserpaa#e2356", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lerpaa", "Kleinschmidt1871:atserpaa#e1298" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ler", "left_sandhi": "replacive", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "notes": [ "Modern rows independently pin existing gives-a-name and sews-on-a-button lexical examples; paired buttoning/button-up rows additionally attest lexical context, not a universal supply-N meaning. Replacive sandhi, fused atserpaa segmentation and incorporated-object frame remain separately grammatical or unreviewed. These word pins are root provenance only, not approval of the semantic frame.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text states this affix 'may display sound replacivity on tə-stems... uses the HTR-morpheme {i}, yielding the form -liivoq' -- MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-liq.html) independently confirms left sandhi 'Truncative, Replacive, /VC/ deleting' and right sandhi 'Assibilation (t⇒s)' (grounding the -liivoq/-siivoq HTR alternation), corroborating this repo's established amiq/taliq/ukaliq right_sandhi:assibilation family.", "DISAMBIGUATION: this entry's bracket form is N{-liq}V (citation -lerpaa), distinct from N_iqniaq_sell_Vb's N{-iqniaq}V and N_iq_Vb's N{-iq}V despite the shared 'liq'/'iq' substring.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes a special idiomatic use with numerals: 'S turns N (years)', e.g. 20-liivoq ('he turns 20') -- an expression used specifically of birthdays; recorded in pedagogy, not modeled as a separate sense field." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} gives {{Patient}} a(n) ___; {{Subject}} provides himself with ___", "da": "nogen forsyner nogen med en ___", "verb_phrase": "provide {{Patient}} with a(n) ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} provides {{Patient}} with a(n)", "da_short": "nogen forsyner nogen med en ___", "composition": { "en": "provide {{Patient}} with a(n) ___", "da": "nogen forsyner nogen med en ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "forsyner nogen med en ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "htr_role": "patient_preserving" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_liq_provide_Vb_provide_with_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lerpaa", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-provide-with-n", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_liq_provide_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "provide_with_n", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent provides Patient with N (akilerpaa, attaserpaa, atserpaa); HTR {i} → -liivoq for intransitive/reflexive packing; numeral-age idiom (qassiliivit?) is honesty note, not a separate asserted operator." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "HTR {i} honesty: intransitive/reflexive 'provides self with N' (-liivoq/-siivoq) is not a separate forced operator sense here.", "Numeral-age idiom ('turns N years old') stays unsupported_omissions — not silently merged into provide-with.", "Partition provide/give — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ make-into/appoint; ≠ remove; ≠ instrument/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass.", "Distinct from pluractional peer N_lirsuq_Vb and from give-to N_ccit_Vb.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lerpaa", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent provide-Patient-with-N (Nielsen '+ler- 1, forsyne obj med N'; AITWG A provides P with N; Bjornum -lerpaa); Partition provide/give — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); HTR {i} intrans/reflexive honesty; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lerpaa", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as supplying or equipping the Patient with N. Independently corroborated by Bjornum2012's own '-lerpaa / -serpaa (undertiden ved t-stammen) n-v forsyner ham/den med' entry, which supplies several of the examples below, plus a special numeral-birthday idiom independently matching AITWG-Affixes' own '20-liivoq' claim. AITWG-Affixes also records reflexive/intransitive use without an explicit Patient ('A provides himself with N') and numeral use ('S turns N years old'); these are usage notes rather than part of the core composition gloss.", "examples": [ { "surface": "akilerpaa", "natural": "he pays it (lit. 'provides it with a price') (Bjornum2012's example, from aki, 'price')" }, { "surface": "attaserpaa", "natural": "she sews a button onto it (Bjornum2012's example, from attat, 'button', a t-stem -- illustrates the replacive /s/ allomorph)" }, { "surface": "atserpaa", "natural": "he gives him a name (Bjornum2012's example, from ateq, 'name' -- note the fused/lexicalised form, also atilerpaa)" }, { "surface": "qassiliivit?", "natural": "how old are/were you? (Bjornum2012's example, from qassit, 'how many'; illustrates the numeral-age idiom AITWG-Affixes' own text describes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atserpaa#e2370", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atserpaa#e2321", "Oqaatsit1997:attaserpaa#e2406", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:attaserpaa#e2357", "Oqaatsit1997:attaserpaa#e2407", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:attaserpaa#e2356", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lerpaa", "Kleinschmidt1871:atserpaa#e1298" ], "id": "N_liq_provide_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_lircaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S tells about N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lersaar", "left_sandhi": "replacive", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes this affix 'may display sound replacivity on tə-stems'; MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-liqcaaq.html) independently confirms left sandhi 'Truncative, Replacive, /VC/ deleting', the same class as N_liare_Vb/N_liq_provide_Vb above.", "This entry's bracket form N{-lircaaq}V is built on the same ÷ler-/÷leri- root family as N_liq_provide_Vb/N_lire_Vb, per Nielsen2012's own §5.1.7 morphophonology chapter, which names ÷ler- among the roots undergoing the CVC/Ciaq-triggered replacive fusion -- the same cross-reference this repo's existing N_liqsaarut_N entry (nominal_extenders.yaml) already makes for the closely related deverbal-nominal -lersaarut." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} tells about ___", "da": "nogen fortæller om ___", "verb_phrase": "tell about ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} tells about ___", "da_short": "nogen fortæller om ___", "composition": { "en": "tell about ___", "da": "nogen fortæller om ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "fortæller om ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_lircaaq_Vb_tell_about_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.7" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-tell-about-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_lircaaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "tell_about_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject tells/narrates about N (angalanilersaarpoq, arnalersaarpoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Tell-about axis ≠ sell N_iqniaq_sell; ≠ N-times N_riaq; ≠ pass-by N_tqut.", "Partition sell/tell/times/pass — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.7" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent tell-about-N (Nielsen '÷lersaar- 1, fortælle om N'; AITWG S tells about N); Partition sell/tell/times/pass — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; ≠ sell/times/pass peers; ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.7" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as recounting, narrating, or telling about N. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷lersaar- 1, fortælle om N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angalanilersaarpoq", "natural": "he tells about the journey (Nielsen2012's example, from angalaneq, 'the act of travelling')" }, { "surface": "arnalersaarpoq", "natural": "he tells (stories) about women (Nielsen2012's example, from arnaq, 'woman')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.7" ], "id": "N_lircaaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_lirsuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A provides P with several N, one by one/bit by bit (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_lirsuq_Vb:69f9f73e1ca3", "items": [ { "text": "A provides P with several N, one by one/bit by bit (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2", "Oqaatsit1997:iikkersorpaa#e3571", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iikkersorpaa#e3426" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lersor", "left_sandhi": "schwa_buffered_truncative", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text states this affix 'uses the HTR-morpheme {i}, and it may display sound replacivity on tə-stems' (citation -lersorpaa, intransitive -lersuivoq); MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-liqsuq.html) independently confirms left sandhi 'Truncative, Replacive, /VC/ deleting', the same class as its close relatives N_liq_provide_Vb/N_lircaaq_Vb above.", "Semantically the pluractional/distributive counterpart of N_liq_provide_Vb above ('provides with N' vs 'provides with SEVERAL N, one by one'), the same singular/pluractional relationship already modeled between N_iq_Vb and N_iaq_Vb.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Lersorpaa#e9734 independently prints the suffix, its HTR .Lersuivoq and distributive providing examples. Oqaatsit1997:-lersorpaa#e7098 lists multiple wounds, candles, baubles and knives. These corroborate providing several N; they do not equate the bare reflexive intransitive construction with its HTR form or establish every host alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} gives {{Patient}} several ___, one by one", "da": "nogen forsyner nogen med flere ___, en efter en", "verb_phrase": "provide {{Patient}} with several ___, one by one; provide {{Patient}} with several ___, bit by bit (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} gives {{Patient}} several ___, one by one", "da_short": "nogen forsyner nogen med flere ___, en efter en", "composition": { "en": "provide {{Patient}} with several ___, one by one; provide {{Patient}} with several ___, bit by bit (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form)", "da": "nogen forsyner nogen med flere ___, en efter en" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "forsyner nogen med flere ___, en efter en" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "htr_role": "patient_preserving" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_lirsuq_Vb_provide_several_bit_by_bit", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-provide-several-bit-by-bit", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_lirsuq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "provide_several_bit_by_bit", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent provides Patient with several N one-by-one/bit-by-bit (iikkersorpaa, aningaasalersorpaa, pisatsersorpaa); HTR {i} → -lersuivoq for intransitive packing." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "HTR {i} honesty: intransitive packing (-lersuivoq) is not a separate forced operator sense here.", "Pluractional/distributive peer of N_liq_provide_Vb — provide-several ≠ provide-singular.", "Partition provide/give — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent provide-Patient-with-several-N bit-by-bit (Nielsen '+lersor- 1, forsyne obj med N efter N'; AITWG several N one by one); Partition provide/give — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); pluractional peer of N_liq_provide; HTR {i} honesty; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as equipping the Patient with a series of N items, one after another. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+lersor- 1, forsyne obj med N efter N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "iikkersorpaa", "natural": "he installs wall panels/boards in it, one by one (Nielsen2012's example, from iigaq, 'wall panel')" }, { "surface": "aningaasalersorpaa", "natural": "he supports him financially, gives him money (Nielsen2012's example, from aningaasat, 'money')" }, { "surface": "pisatsersorpaa", "natural": "he furnishes it, piece by piece (Nielsen2012's example, from pisataq, 'furnishings, gear')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2", "Oqaatsit1997:iikkersorpaa#e3571", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iikkersorpaa#e3426", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Lersorpaa#e9734", "Oqaatsit1997:-lersorpaa#e7098" ], "id": "N_lirsuq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_liut_use_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A begins to use P as N (uses the HTR-morpheme {ci} for its intransitive form; may display sound replacivity on tə-stems)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-liut", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION -- explicitly NOT the same affix as this repo's existing N_liuut_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, bracket N{-liuut(ə)}V, double /u/, 'Agent makes N for Patient'): AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form for THIS entry is N{-liut(ə)}V (single /u/), and MOFO independently catalogues them as two SEPARATE affix pages (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-liut(ə).html vs .../-liuut(ə).html) with different glosses ('Agent makes N from Patient; Agent uses Patient as N' for this single-/u/ page vs 'Agent makes (an) N for Patient' for the double-/u/ one) -- confirming these are genuinely two distinct, if historically related, morphemes, not a duplicate entry for the same one. N_liuut_Vb's own notes already record that it is 'a combination of N{-liuq}V (this repo's N_lior_Vb) and V{-(cc)ut(ə)}V' -- this entry (single /u/) is instead the plain, unfused N{-liut(ə)}V, per AITWG-Affixes' own separate bracket notation.", "MOFO's own page for this entry records left sandhi 'Truncative, Replacive, /VC/ deleting' (the same schwa-stem-adjacent class as N_liare_Vb/N_liq_provide_Vb above) and right sandhi 't(ə) sandhi' -- right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering is used here, the same value as N_irut_Vb/N_liqngusaut_Vb, for the /t/-plus-following-consonant assimilation visible in -liuppaa/-liussivoq (/t/+/p/ -> pp, /t/+/s/ -> ss)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} begins to use {{Patient}} as ___", "da": "nogen begynder at bruge nogen som ___", "verb_phrase": "begin to use {{Patient}} as ___ (uses the HTR-morpheme {ci} for its intransitive form; may display sound replacivity on tə-stems)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} begins to use {{Patient}} as ___", "da_short": "nogen begynder at bruge nogen som ___", "composition": { "en": "begin to use {{Patient}} as ___ (uses the HTR-morpheme {ci} for its intransitive form; may display sound replacivity on tə-stems)", "da": "nogen begynder at bruge nogen som ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "begynder at bruge nogen som ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "htr_role": "patient_preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3 directly lists single-u ÷liut-, 'bruge obj som N', with ÷siut- after some t-bases and fusion referring to §5.1.7. Its examples include saviliuppaa, aquutiliuppaa/aquusiuppaa, puugutsiuppaa and atunngiuppaa. MOFO also records making N from the Patient. The prior claim that Nielsen independently attests only the double-u sibling is incorrect. Nielsen's use-as wording does not itself assert an onset meaning; the current 'begins to use' gloss remains a separate semantic review question.", "examples": [ { "surface": "saviliuppaa", "natural": "uses it as a knife (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3; from savik, knife)" }, { "surface": "aquutiliuppaa", "natural": "uses it to steer with (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3; co-listed aquusiuppaa; from aquut, rudder)" }, { "surface": "aquusiuppaa", "natural": "uses it to steer with (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3; co-listed aquutiliuppaa; from aquut, rudder)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Liuppaa#e9780" ], "id": "N_liut_use_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_lliq_serve_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "S serves N; S is serving out N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ller", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form N{lliq}V (citation -llerpoq); MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/lliq.html) independently records left sandhi 'Default, ə-eliding' and Diathesis 'Agentive (NPP)' with Valency 'Divalent' -- consistent with a transitive Agent/Patient reading ('Agent serves Patient N') even though AITWG-Affixes' own printed gloss reads intransitively on its face ('S serves N'); trans_denominal_verb is used on MOFO's evidence, the same kind of gloss-vs-facet discrepancy already flagged on N_iqluiq_Vb above.", "AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 requires truncation before the fixed ll cluster in N{lliq}V. MOFO:nv/lliq default left sandhi does not specify additive attachment. Its schwa-eliding examples are lexicalized and probably not regular today; neither general schwa elision nor the questioned right assibilation is encoded." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} serves ___; {{Subject}} is serving out ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} serves ___", "da": "nogen serverer ___; nogen deler ___ ud", "verb_phrase": "serve ___; be serving out ___", "da_short": "nogen serverer ___", "composition": { "en": "serve ___; be serving out ___", "da": "nogen serverer ___; nogen deler ___ ud" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "serverer ___; deler ___ ud" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as serving out or dispensing N (e.g. food, drink) to others. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found (searched for 'llerpoq' as an n-v entry -- Bjornum2012's own affix list cross-references '+llerpoq, se Kap. 3, §6: Halvtransitive affikser', a different, verb-derived half-transitive affix, not this N-to-V one; deliberately not cited as a match)." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "MOFO:nv/lliq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26" ], "id": "N_lliq_serve_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_mmik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A touches P with N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-mmik", "left_sandhi": "default", "allomorphs": { "alveolar_schwa_stem": "qmik" }, "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text states 'this affix uses the form N{(q)mik}V on tə-stems; that is, the sandhi-epenthetic consonant will be a /q/ on these stems, instead of the usual /m/ used on all other vowel stems' -- MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/(q)mik.html) independently confirms this exact conditioned m~q alternation (New orthography +mippaa, -mmippaa, -rmippaa) with plain 'Default' left sandhi.", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#773 triage pattern): the tə-stem /q/ variant quoted above is now structurally encoded via application_logic.allomorphs, keyed on alveolar_schwa_stem -- this repo's own established key for AITWG-Affixes' 'tə-stem' (see kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml's own angut/unga(taq) entries) -- rather than left in prose only." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} touches {{Patient}} with ___", "da": "nogen rører nogen med ___", "verb_phrase": "touch {{Patient}} with ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} touches {{Patient}} with ___", "da_short": "nogen rører nogen med ___", "composition": { "en": "touch {{Patient}} with ___", "da": "nogen rører nogen med ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "rører nogen med ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_mmik_Vb_touch_with_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4", "MOFO:nv/(q)mik" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-touch-with-n", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_mmik_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "touch_with_n", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent touches/strikes Patient with N (ikusimmippaa; Nielsen isimmippaa / isi(ga)mmippaa / aquutermippaa); tə-stem /q/ allomorph honesty." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "tə-stem /q/ allomorph honesty (N{(q)mik}V) stays catalog application_logic — not reinvented here.", "Touch/strike-with-N ≠ INST-case manner N_INST; ≠ hit-in-bodypart N_ruq.", "Partition instrument/touch/hit — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into/appoint; ≠ remove; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass.", "No invent Bjørnum — provenance adds extract-matching Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4 only.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent touch/strike-Patient-with-N (Nielsen '+mmig-, ramme obj med N'; AITWG A touches P with N); Partition instrument/touch/hit — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); touch-with ≠ INST-case manner N_INST ≠ hit-in N_ruq; tə-stem /q/ allomorph honesty; ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks touching or striking the Patient with N. Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4 independently lists +mmig-, 'ramme obj med N', with isimmippaa, isi(ga)mmippaa and aquutermippaa; the old claim of no independent Nielsen corroboration was false. Nielsen separately describes recessive r after schwa, while AITWG-Affixes:p.26 describes its tə-stem variant. Preserve these source-specific accounts without inferring a complete additional host map. Exact ikusimmippaa rows independently attest elbow contact; Klein explicitly includes voluntary and involuntary contact. The word alone does not establish a universal k+m assimilation rule or gesture-only/intentional-only restriction.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ikusimmippaa", "natural": "he jabs him with the elbow (ikusik + -mmik + -paa; Oqaatsit1997's 'stoder til ham/det med albuen', KAL-ENG's 'jabs him/her with the elbow')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "MOFO:nv/(q)mik", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4", "Kleinschmidt1871:ikusimmippaa#e2041", "Oqaatsit1997:ikusimmippaa#e3775", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikusimmippaa#e3640" ], "id": "N_mmik_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_INST_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "S does s.t. with N; A does s.t. to P with N (verbalisation of the instrumental/objective case)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "±meer", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.6 distinguishes a completed instrumental-case word plus verbalisation from the combined citation forms printed alongside ordinary affixes in dictionaries. This entry stores the combined ±meer form, including its case material; appending that full citation after an already-realized instrumental ending would duplicate the case marker. The post-case analysis has a separate record, ENCL_Vq_derivational. Combined citation and post-case operator representations must not be conflated; possessed/plural constructions require their own reviewed bindings, not unconditional reuse of this citation. Existing operative fields remain unchanged.", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_ABL_Vb above (§5.6): see that entry's own note -- AITWG-Affixes' own citation lines for both print the identical surface form ±meerpoq, but Bjornum2012 independently keeps them as two separate, cross-referenced headwords ('-/+meerpoq n-v gør noget (et eller andet)' for THIS instrumental sense vs '-/+meerpoq / -/+minngaanneerpoq n-v er fra' for the ablative sense modeled as N_ABL_Vb), confirming a genuine two-case homograph, kept split to match both AITWG-Affixes' own case-category bracket notation and Bjornum2012's explicit disambiguation.", "Bjornum2012 additionally documents a half-transitive form '-/+meerivoq' for this sense not modeled here (out of scope, the same kind of halvtransitiv-affix gap already noted on N_lliq_serve_Vb above)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} does something with ___; {{Actor}} does something to {{Patient}} with ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} does something with ___", "da": "nogen gør noget med ___; nogen gør noget ved nogen med ___", "verb_phrase": "do something with ___; do something to {{Patient}} with ___ (verbalisation of the instrumental/objective case)", "da_short": "nogen gør noget med ___", "composition": { "en": "do something with ___; do something to {{Patient}} with ___ (verbalisation of the instrumental/objective case)", "da": "nogen gør noget med ___; nogen gør noget ved nogen med ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "gør noget med ___; gør noget ved nogen med ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_INST_Vb_do_with_n_instrumental", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+meerpoq (1)" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-do-with-n-instrumental", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_INST_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "do_with_n_instrumental_manner", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy packs divalent A does s.t. to P with/by-means-of N (ajortumeerpaa) alongside monovalent S does s.t. in N-manner (iluameerpoq, naggameerpoq); mono packing is honesty note, not a forced second operator; instrumental/objective case verbaliser (±meer)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "INST-case manner verbaliser honesty: Nielsen §5.3.1.8.3 'gøre på N måde' — value is manner/INST-case, NEVER mush 'do something' / 'Gøre med N' clone across partitions.", "Mono packing (S does s.t. with N) vs divalent (A does s.t. to P with N) not collapsed into one forced valency claim.", "≠ touch-with N_mmik; ≠ hit-in-bodypart N_ruq; ≠ ablative homograph N_ABL_Vb.", "Partition instrument/touch/hit — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into/appoint; ≠ remove; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+meerpoq (1)" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described instrumental/objective-case manner verbaliser (Nielsen '±meer- 2, gøre på N måde (ved obj)'; AITWG does s.t. with N; Bjornum -/+meerpoq (1)); Partition instrument/touch/hit — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); INST-case manner ≠ touch N_mmik ≠ hit-in N_ruq; never mush 'do something'; ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+meerpoq (1)" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Verbalises the instrumental/objective case: 'to do something with/by means of N', optionally transitive ('to do something to P with N').", "examples": [ { "surface": "iluameerpoq", "natural": "he does it properly (Nielsen2012's example, from iluamik, 'properly', an already-inflected modalis adverb)" }, { "surface": "naggameerpoq", "natural": "he does it for the last time (Nielsen2012's example, from naggamik, 'for the last time')" }, { "surface": "ajortumeerpaa", "natural": "he mistreats him, does him wrong (Nielsen2012's example, from ajortumik, 'badly'; transitive use)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+meerpoq (1)", "AITWG:§13.6", "Oqaatsit1997:ajortumeerpaa#e525", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajortumeerpaa#e522" ], "id": "N_INST_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_nnguqtet_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A makes P into a(n) N; A appoints/designates P as N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngortit", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3 explicitly marks ÷nngortit- and gives nutaaq, *ny*; nutaanngortippaa. AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 independently requires deletion of a host-final consonant before a fixed consonant cluster. This incoming rule is separate from the derived stem-final class; MOFO Default is not an explicit additive exception.", "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form N{ŋŋuqtət}V is the transitive/causative counterpart of N_nnguq_Vb above (N{ŋŋuq}V, 'S becomes an N') -- see that entry's own cross-reference note. MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/ŋŋuqtət.html) independently confirms this compositional relationship (Diathesis 'Patientive (NAP)', Valency 'Agent increasing, Divalent') and records right sandhi 'tð⇒ts' -- the same right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision value already established on N_tu_Vb/N_kit_Vb/N_sunnit_Vb (the participle form is -nngortitsivoq, per MOFO's own New orthography line, not a plain -nngortittoq)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} makes {{Patient}} as a(n) ___; {{Actor}} appoints {{Patient}} as a(n) ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} makes {{Patient}} as a ___; {{Actor}} appoints {{Patient}} as a ___", "da": "nogen gør nogen til en ___; udpeger nogen som ___", "verb_phrase": "make {{Patient}} into a(n) ___; appoint {{Patient}} as ___; designate {{Patient}} as ___", "da_short": "nogen gør nogen til en ___", "composition": { "en": "make {{Patient}} into a(n) ___; appoint {{Patient}} as ___; designate {{Patient}} as ___", "da": "nogen gør nogen til en ___; udpeger nogen som ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "gør nogen til en ___; udpeger nogen som ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_nnguqtet_Vb_appoint_make_into_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-appoint-make-into-n", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_nnguqtet_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "appoint_make_into_n", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent appoints/causes Patient to become N (palasinngortippaa, nutaanngortippaa); causative/appoint peer of monovalent N_nnguq (become — not rewritten here)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Causative/appoint peer of monovalent N_nnguq_Vb (become) — do not rewrite N_nnguq; valency_effect: agent_increasing honesty stays catalog morphology_class.", "Partition make-into/appoint — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); appoint/cause-to-become ≠ fashion N_liare; ≠ provide/give; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent appoint/cause-Patient-to-become-N (Nielsen '÷nngortit-, gøre/udnævne obj til N'; AITWG A appoints P as N); Partition make-into/appoint — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); agent_increasing honesty; ≠ fashion N_liare; ≠ monovalent N_nnguq (not rewritten); ≠ provide/give; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as causing the Patient to become, or appointing them as, N -- the causativised counterpart of N_nnguq_Vb ('becomes N'). Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷nngortit-, gøre/udnævne obj til N' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "palasinngortippaa", "natural": "she appoints him as priest (Nielsen2012's example, from palasi, 'priest')" }, { "surface": "nutaanngortippaa", "natural": "he renews it (lit. 'makes it new') (Nielsen2012's example, from nutaaq, 'new')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3" ], "id": "N_nnguqtet_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_riaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S does s.t. N times (only used with nouns for numerals and similar countables)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Modern paired rows corroborate the existing does-something-once lexical example only. The numeral-host derivational rule remains separately grammatical; these word rows do not approve incorporated-object roles or the unreviewed semantic frame.", "R-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 grounds left_sandhi:truncative through its /kŋpqr/ branch, not its vowel-initial branch. MOFO independently marks N{-riaq}V truncative. Direct review of Nielsen2012 printed p.82, section 5.3.1.8.2.3, confirms ÷riar- 1 for doing something N times. The former +riar transcription and the claimed notation difference were errors; the printed head corroborates truncation for this numeral-host sense.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -riarpoq explicitly has a separate n-v count-times entry, restricted to numerals, qassit, qassiit, arlallit and amerlasuut. Its qasseriarlutit/qasseeriarlunga/arlaleriarlunga/amerlasooriarluni examples corroborate this numeral/quantifier sense. Keep the adjacent v-v -riarpoq and -giarpoq families distinct; their verb-host readings do not support this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} does something ___ times", "da": "nogen gør noget ___ gange", "verb_phrase": "do something ___ times (only used with nouns for numerals and similar countables)", "en_short": "{{Subject}} does something ___ times", "da_short": "nogen gør noget ___ gange", "composition": { "en": "do something ___ times (only used with nouns for numerals and similar countables)", "da": "nogen gør noget ___ gange" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "gør noget ___ gange" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_riaq_Vb_do_n_times", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-do-n-times", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_riaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "do_n_times", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject does s.t. N times on numeral/countable hosts only (ataaseriarpoq, arlaleriarlunga)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Numeral/countable hosts only; ≠ Bjørnum v-v -riarpoq (unrelated; honesty already on catalog row).", "N-times ≠ sell N_iqniaq_sell; ≠ tell-about N_lircaaq; ≠ pass-by N_tqut.", "Partition sell/tell/times/pass — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent do-N-times on numeral/countable hosts (Nielsen '÷riar- 1, gøre noget N gange'; AITWG S does s.t. N times); Partition sell/tell/times/pass — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; ≠ Bjørnum v-v -riarpoq; ≠ sell/tell/pass peers; ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an action as repeated N times; restricted to numeral-type host nouns. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷riar- 1, gøre noget N gange' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ataaseriarpoq", "natural": "he does it once (Nielsen2012's example, from ataaseq, 'one')" }, { "surface": "arlaleriarlunga atuarpara", "natural": "I have read it several times (Nielsen2012's example, from arlallit, 'several')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -riarpoq", "MOFO:nv/-riaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.1", "Oqaatsit1997:ataaseriarpoq#e2183", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataaseriarpoq#e2144", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3" ], "id": "N_riaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_ruq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A hits P in the N (usually used with nouns for body parts)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ror", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "host_surface_overrides": { "isi": "isa" }, "notes": [ "Initial /r/: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 lists /r/ among truncative onsets; AITWG-Affixes:p.26 prints N{-ruq}V, and Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4 gives ÷ror-. The primary source additionally records an intransitive develop-into sense; its identity with this hitting sense remains unverified.", "MOFO:nv/-ruq identifies isarorpaa as a lexicalized eye-body-part example and records its final-vowel change as unexplained. host_surface_overrides records isi → isa as the replacement host surface for this exact pairing; the normal truncative -ror join then applies. This source-owned exception does not establish productive /i/→/a/ sandhi or authorize applying the outcome to other -ror hosts." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} hits {{Patient}} in the ___ (a body part)", "da": "nogen rammer nogen i ___'en", "verb_phrase": "hit {{Patient}} in the ___ (usually used with nouns for body parts)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} hits {{Patient}} in the ___", "da_short": "nogen rammer nogen i ___'en", "composition": { "en": "hit {{Patient}} in the ___ (usually used with nouns for body parts)", "da": "nogen rammer nogen i ___'en" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "rammer nogen i ___'en" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_ruq_Vb_hit_in_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-hit-in-n", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_ruq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "hit_in_n", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent hits Patient in body-part N (isarorpaa; Nielsen niaqororpaa); usually body-part hosts." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "MOFO 'develops into N' intransitive sense stays unsupported_omissions — neither AITWG nor Nielsen/Bjørnum attest it for this entry.", "Hit-Patient-in-bodypart-N ≠ INST-case manner N_INST; ≠ touch-with N_mmik.", "Partition instrument/touch/hit — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into/appoint; ≠ remove; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass.", "No invent Bjørnum — provenance adds extract-matching Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4 only.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent hit-Patient-in-bodypart-N (Nielsen '÷ror-, sbj rammer obj i N'; AITWG A hits P in N); Partition instrument/touch/hit — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); hit-in ≠ INST-case manner N_INST ≠ touch-with N_mmik; MOFO develops-into sense = unsupported_omissions; ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as striking the Patient in a body part. Nielsen2012 independently gives niaqororpaa (hitting someone in the head); modern dictionary rows corroborate isarorpaa (hitting someone in the eye).", "examples": [ { "surface": "niaqororpaa", "natural": "he hits him in the head (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4)" }, { "surface": "isarorpaa", "natural": "he hits him/her in the eye (Oqaatsit1997; KAL-ENG; segmentation unresolved)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "AITWG:§2.4", "MOFO:nv/-ruq" ], "id": "N_ruq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_ccit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A gives N to P (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form; without HTR, reflexive: 'A gives himself N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_ccit_Vb:4a5ef31d7aa6", "items": [ { "text": "A gives N to P (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form; without HTR, reflexive: 'A gives himself N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.27", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssit", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.27 writes the fixed cluster N{ccit}V; AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 independently grounds incoming truncation before that cluster. The literal MOFO kcit notation is retained separately. MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/kcit.html) independently confirms right sandhi 'tð⇒ts' -- consistent with this repo's right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision family (the intransitive HTR form is -ssiivoq per AITWG-Affixes' own text, matching a /t/-elision-before-vowel pattern).", "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes this affix historically fuses N{ccaq}N ('future N') with an ancient morpheme {-lit} related in meaning to N_liq_provide_Vb above -- so a 'future N' sense is already etymologically implied. Not modeled as a compositional field here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} gives ___ to {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} gives himself ___", "da": "nogen giver ___ til nogen", "verb_phrase": "give ___ to {{Patient}} (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form; without HTR, reflexive: '{{Actor}} gives himself ___')", "en_short": "{{Actor}} gives ___ to {{Patient}}", "da_short": "nogen giver ___ til nogen", "composition": { "en": "give ___ to {{Patient}} (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form; without HTR, reflexive: '{{Actor}} gives himself ___')", "da": "nogen giver ___ til nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "giver ___ til nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "htr_role": "patient_preserving" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_ccit_Vb_give_n_to_patient", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.27", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-give-n-to-patient", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_ccit_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "give_n_to_patient", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent gives N to Patient (ilinniagassiivoq); HTR {i} for intransitive; without HTR = reflexive give-self." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "HTR {i} honesty: intransitive -ssiivoq packing; without HTR = reflexive give-self — not collapsed into one forced valency claim.", "Combined-entry honesty: Nielsen lists ÷ssit- under §5.3.1.8.1.2 and ÷ssii- under §5.3.1.8.2.2 — adjacency kept in omissions, not silently merged as two operators.", "Partition provide/give — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); give-to ≠ provide-with N_liq_provide; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.27", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent give-N-to-Patient (Nielsen '÷ssii-, forsyne nogen med N' / ÷ssit- adjacency; AITWG A gives N to P); Partition provide/give — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); HTR {i} / reflexive-without-HTR honesty; ≠ provide-with N_liq_provide; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit; ≠ sell/tell/times/pass", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.27", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2 directly lists ÷ssit-, 'sbj giver N til obj', with inissippaa, reflexive inissippoq, and nerisassippaa. Its §5.3.1.8.2.2 ÷ssii- entry separately supports the HTR supply/provide usage already cited here. Oqaatsit1997:-ssippaa#e15898 directly lists giving clothes/mattak and gifting a pipe/tobacco. Keep these construction-specific attestations separate; they do not independently approve MOFO's tentative historical decomposition.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilinniagassiivoq", "natural": "he assigns homework (Nielsen2012's example, from ilinniagaq, 'lesson, homework item')" }, { "surface": "inissippaa", "natural": "he obtains room for her (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2)" }, { "surface": "inissippoq", "natural": "he obtains room for himself / finds a place to live (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2; reflexive usage)" }, { "surface": "nerisassippaa", "natural": "he gives him food (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.27", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.2", "Oqaatsit1997:-ssippaa#e15898" ], "id": "N_ccit_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_teQ_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A covers/sprinkles/smears P with N (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+teq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4 explicitly prints +ter- 1, with the covering/smearing sense and imeq → imerterpaa. AITWG-Affixes:p.27 independently prints +terpaa. Incoming attachment is additive; the affix’s own final q behavior is an output property, not left_sandhi:weakening.", "AITWG-Affixes:p.27 writes N{təQ}V and states that following vowel-initial affixes, especially V{-utə}N and HTR {i}, retain its q weakened to r: imerterut and +terivoq. The stored +teq preserves that underlying q rather than its already weakened r. Output uvular_weakening_stem with inflection weakening encodes only this stated exception, not a nominal declension paradigm. No t-stem verbal_schwa_buffering operation is asserted.", "The quoted +ter- 1 passage and the kuultiterpaa, masatserpaa and qallersuutiterpaa examples are Nielsen2012’s, not Bjornum2012’s. Bjornum’s separate v-v gradual +terpaa row is not evidence for this n-v owner. Exact imerterpaa/imerterut dictionary articles independently attest the two worked surfaces; they do not resolve every host allomorph or consumer reconstruction." ], "inflection_sandhi": "weakening" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} covers {{Patient}} with ___; {{Actor}} sprinkles {{Patient}} with ___; {{Actor}} smears {{Patient}} with ___", "da": "nogen dækker nogen med ___; nogen drysser nogen med ___; nogen smører nogen med ___", "verb_phrase": "cover {{Patient}} with ___; sprinkle {{Patient}} with ___; smear {{Patient}} with ___ (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form)", "en_short": "covers something with ___; sprinkles something with ___; smears something with ___", "da_short": "dækker med ___; drysser med ___; smører med ___", "composition": { "en": "cover {{Patient}} with ___; sprinkle {{Patient}} with ___; smear {{Patient}} with ___ (uses the HTR-morpheme {i} for its intransitive form)", "da": "dækker med ___; drysser med ___; smører med ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "dækker nogen med ___; drysser nogen med ___; smører nogen med ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "htr_role": "patient_preserving", "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as covering, sprinkling, or smearing the Patient with N.", "examples": [ { "surface": "imerterpaa", "natural": "he waters it (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from iməq, 'water')" }, { "surface": "imerterut", "natural": "a watering can (AITWG-Affixes' own example, illustrating the weakening-not-truncating behaviour before V{-utə}N)" }, { "surface": "kuultiterpaa", "natural": "he gilds it (Nielsen2012's example, from kuulti, 'gold', a loanword)" }, { "surface": "masatserpaa", "natural": "he waters it, dampens it (Nielsen2012's example, from masak, 'moisture')" }, { "surface": "qallersuutiterpaa", "natural": "he puts a topping/spread on it (Nielsen2012's example, from qallersuut, 'spread, topping')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.27", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4", "Oqaatsit1997:imerterpaa#e4395", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imerterpaa#e4271", "Oqaatsit1997:imerterut#e4396", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imerterut#e4272" ], "id": "N_teQ_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_tuq_eat_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S eats/drinks/consumes N (also lexicalised in some stems as 'uses N' or 'travels in N')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tor", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "archaic_ts_assibilation", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +torpoq explicitly marks sikaaq → sikaatorpoq (smokes a cigar) as truncative, a lexical exception to the +tor baseline retained here. It says +sorpoq is used chiefly with kaffi, viinni and kaagi and only tentatively identifies their final vowel as i₁. This does not establish an exhaustive loanword class or a general right-edge sandhi rule; the older uses-N sense is no longer productive in this source.", "DISAMBIGUATION -- explicitly NOT the same affix as this repo's existing N_tu_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, bracket N{tu}V, 'has big/many N'): this entry's own bracket form is N{tuq}V (q-final, citation +torpoq), a formally and semantically distinct 'the notorious consumption affix' per AITWG-Affixes' own text; MOFO independently catalogues them as two separate pages (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/tu.html vs .../tuq.html).", "AITWG-Affixes' own text states the t-to-s rule can turn this affix's /t/ into /s/ following a true /i/ ('see further in aside 3.3 in the Introduction to West Greenlandic') -- right_sandhi:archaic_ts_assibilation is used here, matching this repo's own existing usage of that value for a comparable /t/->/s/-after-true-/i/ pattern; MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/tuq.html) independently confirms both the plain +torpoq and the assibilated +sorpoq/+soorpoq forms, with plain 'Default' left sandhi.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text also documents a further combination with V{uma}V, N{tuuma}V ('S often eats/likes to eat/use N') -- not modeled as a separate entry here, recorded in prose only." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} eats ___; {{Subject}} drinks ___; {{Subject}} consumes ___; also, uses or travels in ___", "da": "nogen spiser ___; nogen drikker ___; nogen indtager ___", "verb_phrase": "eat ___; drink ___; consume ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} eats ___; {{Actor}} drinks ___; {{Actor}} consumes ___", "da_short": "nogen spiser ___; nogen drikker ___; nogen indtager ___", "composition": { "en": "eat ___; drink ___; consume ___", "da": "nogen spiser ___; nogen drikker ___; nogen indtager ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "spiser ___; drikker ___; indtager ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The core 'consumption' verbaliser: 'eats/drinks/consumes N'; per AITWG-Affixes' own footnote, some lexicalised forms use the older sense 'uses N' or 'travels by means of N' instead (e.g. of a kayak).", "examples": [ { "surface": "immuttorpoq", "natural": "drinks milk (Bjornum2012's example, from immuk, 'milk')" }, { "surface": "kaffisorpoq", "natural": "drinks coffee (Bjornum2012's example, from kaffi, 'coffee', illustrating the +sorpoq assibilated allomorph after this i-final loanword)" }, { "surface": "qajartorpoq", "natural": "he paddles/travels by kayak (AITWG-Affixes' own footnote example, from qajaq, 'kayak' -- the lexicalised 'uses/travels in N' sense, not 'eats a kayak')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.27", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +torpoq" ], "id": "N_tuq_eat_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_kigi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A considers/finds P to have a (too) small/little N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kigi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Compositional: MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-kigə.html) analyses this as N{-kit}V (this repo's N_kit_Vb, 'has few/little N') plus V{-gə}V -- the identical constituent already modeled as this repo's own V_gi_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml, 'A considers P too Vb'ing'); underlying_form respells that shared schwa as 'i', following V_gi_Vb's own precedent and evidence (MOFO's own New-orthography row for this affix lists the parallel intransitive HTR citation '-kiginnippoq', the same -gi- surfacing V_gi_Vb's own note relies on).", "Nielsen2012 independently corroborates with its own headword '÷kigə-, sbj synes obj har en (for) lille N' (§5.3.1.4.1) -- its own citation spelling keeps the schwa diacritic, independent confirmation of the schwa-final analysis, not merely MOFO's claim.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1 explicitly marks ÷kigə-. Incoming truncation is independent of the output schwa-final class recorded below. MOFO:nv/-kigə confirms that output class; it does not establish t-only host deletion ; the separately recorded mood-marker fusion follows AITWG:§B.6.", "Bjornum2012 attests the identical surface word 'akikigaa' but analyses it as a general V-to-V '-gaa (-givaa)' suffix on the STATIVE VERB akikippoq rather than on the bare noun aki -- a real cross-source analytical difference (N-based vs V-based composition of the same surface word), flagged rather than silently resolved; not cited as this entry's own corroboration." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} finds {{Patient}}'s ___ (too) small", "da": "nogen synes nogen har en (for) lille ___", "verb_phrase": "consider {{Patient}} to have a (too) small ___; consider {{Patient}} to have a (too) little ___; find {{Patient}} to have a (too) small ___; find {{Patient}} to have a (too) little ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} finds {{Patient}}'s ___ small", "da_short": "nogen synes nogen har en lille ___", "composition": { "en": "consider {{Patient}} to have a (too) small ___; consider {{Patient}} to have a (too) little ___; find {{Patient}} to have a (too) small ___; find {{Patient}} to have a (too) little ___", "da": "nogen synes nogen har en (for) lille ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "synes nogen har en (for) lille ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_kigi_Vb_evaluative_scarcity_consider", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-evaluative-scarcity-consider", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_kigi_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "consider_has_little_or_small", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent+Patient with incorporated N under evaluative consider-too-little/small (akikigaa)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "MOFO analyses N_kigi as compositional N_kit + V_ge (consider); honesty note only — this frame does not invent a separate compositional operator or collapse into N_kit_Vb scarcity possession.", "Do not collapse into N_qaq_Vb plain possession or monovalent N_kit_Vb scarcity possession; operator.type is other (evaluative consider), not possession.", "Explicit antonym of N_tuge_Vb (N_tuge_Vb_evaluative_abundance_consider); keep scarcity↔abundance evaluative pair distinct from N_kit/N_tu possession.", "Bjørnum2012 attests the identical surface akikigaa but analyzes it as a V-based -gaa (-givaa) suffix on the stative verb akikippoq rather than on bare noun aki; preserve this V-based/N-based analytical split and do not silently use it as N_kigi corroboration.", "N_iqluiq_Vb remains parked outside this frame; do not silently merge its smear reading with framed N_kinaaq_Vb / N_qatige_Vb / N_nnaar_Vb peers.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Affix-specific AITWG §9 diathesis maps remain parked; no AITWG invent." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described evaluative consider that Patient has (too) little/small incorporated N (Nielsen '÷kigə-, sbj synes obj har en (for) lille N'); divalent Agent+Patient+incorporated N; type=other (evaluative consider) — NOT possession; antonym of N_tuge_Vb (evaluative abundance consider); MOFO N_kit+V_ge composition honesty only; not collapsed to N_qaq/N_kit possession; no AITWG invent (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1 only)", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as considering, or being surprised to find, that the Patient has only a small or insufficient amount of N.", "examples": [ { "surface": "akikigaa", "natural": "he thinks it is cheap (Nielsen2012's example, from aki, 'price')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§B.6", "MOFO:nv/-kigə", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ], "id": "N_kigi_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_kinaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A finds/is surprised that P has fewer/less N than expected" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kinaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule grounds left_sandhi:truncative here, independently confirmed by MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-kinaaq.html, 'Left sandhi: Truncative').", "Compositional: MOFO's own page analyses this as N{-kit}V ('has few/little N', this repo's N_kit_Vb) plus V{-naaq}V ('Agent finds Patient more Vb'ing than expected', not independently modeled here); MOFO's own text notes the Object marking is semantically vacuous, so the affix is presumably used only with a 3sg Object.", "Nielsen2012 independently corroborates with its own headword '÷kinaar-' (per the cross-reference glossary at docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/7.2-derivativer-enklitiske-partikler.md:145, 'subj synes obj har mindre/færre N end ventet', §5.3.1.4.1) -- flagged: the fuller-text extract file (5.3.1-verbaliserende-tilhaeng.md:200) prints a mismatched gloss for this same headword ('sbj har obj som sin N', an apparent transcription mix-up with a neighbouring entry); the cross-reference glossary's gloss is used here since it alone matches both MOFO's own gloss and the extract's own worked example below." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} is surprised {{Patient}} has less ___ than expected", "da": "nogen bliver overrasket over at nogen har mindre ___ end forventet", "verb_phrase": "find that {{Patient}} has fewer ___ than expected; find that {{Patient}} has less ___ than expected; be surprised that {{Patient}} has fewer ___ than expected; be surprised that {{Patient}} has less ___ than expected", "en_short": "is surprised {{Actor}} else has less ___", "da_short": "nogen bliver overrasket over at nogen har mindre ___", "composition": { "en": "find that {{Patient}} has fewer ___ than expected; find that {{Patient}} has less ___ than expected; be surprised that {{Patient}} has fewer ___ than expected; be surprised that {{Patient}} has less ___ than expected", "da": "nogen bliver overrasket over at nogen har mindre ___ end forventet" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver overrasket over at nogen har mindre ___ end forventet" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_kinaaq_Vb_evaluative_less_than_expected_consider", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-evaluative-less-than-expected-consider", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_kinaaq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "consider_has_less_than_expected", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent+Patient with incorporated N under evaluative find-less/fewer-than-expected (issikinaarpaa); glossary sense 'subj synes obj har mindre/færre N end ventet'." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Extract head-gloss mix-up: fuller-text extract 5.3.1-verbaliserende-tilhaeng.md prints mismatched 'sbj har obj som sin N' for ÷kinaar-; glossary sense is authoritative here (matches MOFO and the issikinaarpaa example).", "Distinct from N_ge_Vb role-ascription possession and from N_kigi_Vb evaluative scarcity consider; do not collapse less-than-expected into too-little/small or into have-as-N.", "Provenance is Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1 only; no AITWG invent.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Affix-specific AITWG §9 diathesis maps remain parked; no AITWG invent." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described evaluative consider that Patient has less/fewer incorporated N than expected (Nielsen glossary '÷kinaar-, subj synes obj har mindre/færre N end ventet'; pedagogy issikinaarpaa); divalent Agent+Patient+incorporated N; type=other (evaluative consider) — NOT possession; ≠ N_ge_Vb role-ascription and ≠ N_kigi_Vb scarcity consider; extract head-gloss mix-up flagged in unsupported_omissions; no AITWG invent (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1 only)", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as finding, or being surprised, that the Patient has fewer or less of N than expected.", "examples": [ { "surface": "issikinaarpaa", "natural": "he finds it less cold than expected (Nielsen2012's example, from issi, 'cold')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ], "id": "N_kinaaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_kitli_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S has gotten less of, or a smaller, N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_kitli_Vb:f417b1bb0be5", "items": [ { "text": "S has gotten less of, or a smaller, N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +livoq", "Oqaatsit1997:-killivoq#e7001" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-killi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule grounds left_sandhi:truncative here, independently confirmed by MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-kitli.html, 'Left sandhi: Truncative').", "DISAMBIGUATION from this repo's own N_kit_Vb note above on N{-kitliuq}V/-killiorpoq ('have too little N', combined into N_kit_Vb): this entry is the formally distinct N{-kitli}V/-killivoq ('has BECOME less/smaller N', inchoative rather than stative) -- different bracket form and citation shape, not a duplicate.", "MOFO's own page analyses this as N{-kit}V + the non-productive graduating affix V{li}V ('has become'); Bjornum2012 independently corroborates via its own general '+livoq' v-v entry ('er blevet (om noget, der kan måles)'), which analyses the SAME surface word (akikillivoq) as a verb-to-verb graduating suffix on the stative verb akikippoq -- the same kind of N-based-vs-V-based analytical split already flagged on N_kigi_Vb above, not silently resolved.", "Oqaatsit1997:-killivoq#e7001 independently lists the exact affix headword and the compounds akissaatikillivoq, issikillivoq, kuukillivoq, and suliakillivoq. Its first form differs slightly from Nielsen2012's akisaatikillivoq spelling; both source forms are retained without normalization." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has gotten less of, or a smaller, ___", "da": "nogen har fået mindre af, eller en mindre, ___", "verb_phrase": "have gotten less of, or a smaller, ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has gotten less of, or a smaller, ___", "da_short": "nogen har fået mindre af, eller en mindre, ___", "composition": { "en": "have gotten less of, or a smaller, ___", "da": "nogen har fået mindre af, eller en mindre, ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har fået mindre af, eller en mindre, ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_kitli_Vb_inchoative_scarcity_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +livoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-inchoative-scarcity", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_kitli_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_gotten_less_or_smaller", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor/property becoming-uses (akikillivoq, annikillivoq, akisaatikillivoq); avalent packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Size versus count reading of incorporated N is host-dependent (akikillivoq become cheaper ≠ become few-count); not collapsed to argument-scope quantity.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from stative N_kit_Vb scarcity possession, N_it_Vb absence, and argument-scope qassiit vague quantity.", "N-vs-V analytical split unresolved: MOFO analyses N{-kitli}V as N{-kit}V + non-productive V{li}V graduating; Bjørnum2012 analyses the same surface akikillivoq as stative akikippoq + v-v +livoq ('er blevet'). Catalog keeps a denominal N_kitli_Vb entry; neither analysis is silently preferred here." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +livoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described inchoative scarcity/smallness of incorporated N (Nielsen '÷killi-, har mindre N, N er blevet mindre'; Bjørnum '+livoq er blevet (om noget, der kan måles)' via akikillivoq); size↔quantity dual — become cheaper/smaller ≠ become few-count; antonym of N_tusi_Vb; not stative N_kit_Vb, not N_it_Vb absence, and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit); N-vs-V analytical split (MOFO denominal N{-kitli}V vs Bjørnum V+livoq on akikippoq) left unresolved", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +livoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having acquired a lesser or smaller degree of N -- the inchoative counterpart of N_kicaaq_Vb/N_kit_Vb above. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷killi-, har mindre N, N er blevet mindre' entry (§5.3.1.4.2), supplying all three examples below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "akikillivoq", "natural": "it has become cheaper (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from aki, 'price')" }, { "surface": "annikillivoq", "natural": "it has become smaller (Nielsen2012's example, from anneq, 'the bigger/biggest')" }, { "surface": "akisaatikillivoq", "natural": "his pay has gone down (Nielsen2012's example, from akisaat, 'pay, wage')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +livoq", "Oqaatsit1997:-killivoq#e7001" ], "id": "N_kitli_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_qatigiik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "Actors have N in common with each other (inherently plural; only used with plural endings)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qatigiik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-qatəgiik.html) frames this as 'a verbalising variant of V{-qatəgiik}V, built with N{-qatə}N instead' (Constituents: N{-qatə}N + N{-giik}V), and cross-references V{-qatəgiik}V under its own 'Variants' field on a SEPARATE page -- i.e. MOFO itself treats the N-host and V-host forms as two distinct, sibling morphemic forms rather than one combined entry. This repo's own V_qategiik_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml, underlying_form -qategiik, built on VERB stems: aneqatigiipput from anivoq, suleqatigiipput from sulivoq) already models the V-host sibling -- a genuinely different affix, not a collision with it.", "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own separate '÷qatigiig-, have N fælles' headword (§5.3.1.4.2, the N->V 'verbaliserende tilhæng' chapter -- distinct from its own '÷qatigiit- 1, vb-e sammen' headword at §5.3.2.6.4, already cited for V_qategiik_Vb), supplying the same two examples MOFO's own page cites. Bjornum2012 instead combines both host types under one shared headword ('-qatigiipput v-v, n-v'), independently attesting the N-host reading via its own ukioqatigiippugut example.", "left_sandhi:truncative is MOFO's own single, unambiguous facet for this q-initial affix, consistent with AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial truncative rule.", "morphology_class.stem_type:velar_final_stem (oq#380 follow-up round): once this affix attaches, the resulting derived verb ends in a real, phonologically active /k/ (its own underlying_form's final letter, 'qatigiik'), same Definition 3.9 reasoning as N_katak_Vb above. Confirmed against the entry's own cited illoqatigiipput: illu + qatigiik -> illoqatigiik (k-final, the o-vowel harmony already correctly handled elsewhere), + V_IND_INTR_3PL's consonant-initial allomorph 'put' needs k+p -> pp to reach the attested illoqatigiipput, not illoqatigiikpput." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actors}} have ___ in common with each other", "da": "de har ___ til fælles med hinanden (kun i flertal)", "verb_phrase": "have ___ in common with each other (inherently plural; only used with plural endings)", "en_short": "Actors have ___ in common with each other", "da_short": "de har ___ til fælles med hinanden", "composition": { "en": "have ___ in common with each other (inherently plural; only used with plural endings)", "da": "de har ___ til fælles med hinanden (kun i flertal)" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har ___ til fælles med hinanden (kun i flertal)" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent", "stem_type": "velar_final_stem" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_qatigiik_Vb_shared_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigiipput" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-shared", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_qatigiik_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "share_or_have_in_common", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is inherently plural-only (Nielsen/Bjørnum; only used with plural endings); singular actor packing is not asserted." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Share / have-N-in-common axis — plural-only honesty; not abundance prose and does not claim size↔quantity dual.", "No AITWG invent: operator provenance is Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2 + Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigiipput only.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from framed divalent N_qatige_Vb (share-N-with-patient), V_qategiik_Vb (verb-host sibling), N_qaq_Vb plain possession, and argument-scope qassiit vague quantity." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigiipput" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described shared / have-N-in-common possession (Nielsen '÷qatigiig-, have N fælles'; Bjørnum '-qatigiipput'); share axis — inherently plural-only; no AITWG invent (Nielsen §5.3.1.4.2 + Bjørnum:-qatigiipput only); not abundance prose and does not claim size↔quantity dual; not N_qaq plain have and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit)", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigiipput" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subjects as sharing, or having in common, the noun named by N; inherently plural, only used with plural endings.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illoqatigiipput", "natural": "they live in the same house (Nielsen2012's example, also cited by MOFO, from illu, 'house')" }, { "surface": "ukioqatigiipput", "natural": "they are the same age, born in the same year (Nielsen2012's example, also cited by MOFO, from ukioq, 'year')" }, { "surface": "qamuteqatigiipput", "natural": "they share a sled (MOFO's own example, cited there to Oqaatsit 1997, from qamut, 'sled')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigiipput", "Oqaatsit1997:illoqatigiipput#e4115", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illoqatigiipput#e3998" ], "id": "N_qatigiik_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_utet_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A thinks/pretends that P is N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-utet", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "notes": [ "MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-utət.html) analyses this as a straightforward combination of this repo's own N_u_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, 'to be (copula)') plus the causative postbase V{tət}V ('Agent lets Patient Vb', not independently modeled here) -- the same causative -tət component this repo's N_nnguqtet_Vb (above) already models on a different base. Left sandhi is explicitly inherited from N_u_Vb's own left_sandhi:truncative ('Left sandhi is inherited from the left-most component'); MOFO's own table additionally co-lists a 'weakening' facet (attaching to a schwa-final or /-ək/-final host and weakening rather than deleting its final consonant), not independently re-derived or asserted as an override here since it is inherited rather than directly attested for this specific combination.", "Right sandhi 'tð⇒ts' is MOFO's own literal facet, inherited from the V{tət}V component -- right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision is used here, the same value already established on this repo's N_nnguqtet_Vb for the identical causative -tət component (participle form -titsi-, not a plain -tittoq)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} thinks that {{Patient}} is ___; {{Actor}} pretends that {{Patient}} is ___", "da": "nogen tror som om nogen er ___; nogen lader som om nogen er ___", "verb_phrase": "think that {{Patient}} is ___; pretend that {{Patient}} is ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} thinks that {{Patient}} is ___; {{Actor}} pretends that {{Patient}} is ___", "da_short": "nogen tror nogen er ___; nogen lader som om nogen er ___", "composition": { "en": "think that {{Patient}} is ___; pretend that {{Patient}} is ___", "da": "nogen tror som om nogen er ___; nogen lader som om nogen er ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "tror som om nogen er ___; lader som om nogen er ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_utet_Vb_think_pretend_patient_is_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-think-pretend-patient-is-n", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_utet_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "think_pretend_patient_is_n", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent thinks/pretends Patient is N (tuttuutippara, sisamaatippakka)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "No invent AITWG — provenance ⊆ Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.1 only.", "Divalent stays divalent — never flatten to monovalent possession or to N_ge role-ascription.", "Axis B seem/pretend/think-ascription — type=other (NOT possession; ≠ N_ge role possession; ≠ Axis A acquire).", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent think/pretend that Patient is N (Nielsen '÷utit-, sbj tror obj er N'); Axis B seem/pretend — type=other (NOT possession; ≠ N_ge role-ascription); no AITWG invent (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.1 only); divalent Agent+Patient+incorporated N stays divalent; ≠ Axis A acquire", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷utit-, sbj tror obj er N' entry (§5.3.1.7.1, listed among the language's ordinary -- not historical -- productive verbalising affixes) gives both examples below, matching MOFO's own citation forms word-for-word (tuttuutippara, sisamaatippakka) -- a strong independent match, not merely a shared gloss.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tuttuutippara", "natural": "I think/pretend it is a caribou (Nielsen2012's/MOFO's shared example, from tuttu, 'caribou')" }, { "surface": "sisamaatippakka", "natural": "I think/pretend they are four (Nielsen2012's/MOFO's shared example, from sisamat, 'four' (plural))" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.1" ], "id": "N_utet_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_nnaar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "Patient is Agent's favourite N; Agent has Patient as his favourite N (lexicalised combination of N{nnaaq}N, 'favourite N', this repo's N_nnaq_N, + N{-gə}V, the verbal-possessive affix already modeled as N_ge_Vb)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_nnaar_Vb:5e7a48da9eb8", "items": [ { "text": "Patient is Agent's favourite N; Agent has Patient as his favourite N (lexicalised combination of N{nnaaq}N, 'favourite N', this repo's N_nnaq_N, + N{-gə}V, the verbal-possessive affix already modeled as N_ge_Vb)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1 marks ÷nnaarə- and gives savik to savinnaaraa, directly showing k deletion. AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 independently requires truncation before fixed nn. MOFO:nv/nnaarə gives no explicit additive override; the existing own schwa-final class and fusion annotation concern output inflection, not incoming attachment.", "Neither Nielsen2012's own citation (savinnaaraa) nor MOFO's own three citations show a residual pre-contraction vowel before the schwa_vowel_fusion-triggering ending, so underlying_form is left at the bare consonant-final '-nnaar', not the '-i'-respelled convention used for atsigaaq/niutigi.", "No AITWG-Affixes citation exists for this specific combined form: docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md has no 'nnaar'/'yndlings' hit, though it does cover the closely related bare N{-gə}V (this repo's N_ge_Vb, itself cited to the SAME Nielsen2012 subsection, §5.3.1.4.1) -- Nielsen2012's own independent attestation of this combined form alone grounds the core tier here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} is {{Agent}}'s favourite ___", "da": "nogen er nogens yndlings-___", "verb_phrase": "else is {{Agent}}'s favourite ___; {{Agent}} has {{Patient}} as his favourite ___ (lexicalised combination of N{nnaaq}N, 'favourite ___', this repo's N_nnaq_N, + N{-gə}V, the verbal-possessive affix already modeled as N_ge_Vb)", "en_short": "{{Patient}} is {{Agent}}'s favourite ___", "da_short": "nogen er nogens yndlings-___", "composition": { "en": "else is {{Actor}}'s favourite ___; {{Actor}} has {{Patient}} as his favourite ___ (lexicalised combination of N{nnaaq}N, 'favourite ___', this repo's N_nnaq_N, + N{-gə}V, the verbal-possessive affix already modeled as N_ge_Vb)", "da": "nogen er nogens yndlings-___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er nogens yndlings-___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_nnaar_Vb_favourite_role_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-favourite-role", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_nnaar_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_as_favourite", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent+Patient with incorporated favourite-N (savinnaaraa); the lexicalised favourite-role reading is not split into an additional monovalent possession sense." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "MOFO analyses N_nnaar as the lexicalised combination N_nnaq + N_ge (favourite N + verbal possessive); retain that as an honesty note only and do not invent a separate compositional operator.", "Provenance is Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1 only; no AITWG invent for this lexicalised combined form.", "Distinct from N_ge_Vb role-ascription possession, framed N_kinaaq_Vb evaluative less-than-expected, framed N_qatige_Vb share-N-with-patient, and parked N_iqluiq_Vb smear; do not silently merge favourite, evaluative, shared-possession, or smear senses.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described favourite-role possession (Nielsen '÷nnaarə-, sbj har obj som sin yndlings-N'; Patient is Agent's favourite N / Agent has Patient as his favourite N); divalent Agent+Patient+incorporated favourite-N; MOFO N_nnaq+N_ge composition is an honesty note only, not a separately invented operator", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷nnaarə-, sbj har obj som sin yndlings-N' entry (§5.3.1.4.1, the same subsection as N_ge_Vb's own Nielsen2012 citation for the closely related bare affix), with its own worked example below -- a different host word from any of MOFO's own three citations, but the identical gloss and grammatical analysis.", "examples": [ { "surface": "savinnaaraa", "natural": "it is his favourite knife (Nielsen2012's example, from savik, 'knife')" }, { "surface": "mamarisannaaraara", "natural": "it is my favourite dish (MOFO's own example, from the passive-participle form of mamaraa, 'he finds it delicious'; MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" }, { "surface": "asasannaaraarput", "natural": "we love him the most (MOFO's own example, from the passive-participle form of asavaa, 'he loves him'; MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/nnaarə", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ], "id": "N_nnaar_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_qquqtu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "to have a big N; to have a(n) N of large extent", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_qquqtu_Vb:fb63748c9e02", "items": [ { "text": "to have a big N; to have a(n) N of large extent", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortuvoq#e9967", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortooq#e9966" ], "rationale": "Exact Kleinschmidt rows now resolve the earlier missing-row hold: .qqortuvoq is stative large extent, while .qqortusivoq is the separately named inchoative. Nielsen har en stor/store N does not establish unrestricted many-N synonymy. Keep the complete corrected gloss as one uncertain review unit; no punctuation-derived alternative selector is admitted." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqortu", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2 explicitly marks ÷qqortu-. AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 requires deletion of a host-final consonant before the fixed /qq/ cluster. This incoming rule does not classify the derived vowel stem or generalise its outgoing participial behavior.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortuvoq#e9967 gives the stative har en _ af stort omfang; its separate .qqortusivoq is har fået en _ af større omfang. The older inchoative attribution previously attached to this owner was a conflation with that separate derivative. Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortooq#e9966 restricts .qqortooq to large extent and contrasts .tooq, which can describe both size and quantity. Nielsen2012 har en stor/store N supports big N, not an unrestricted many-N reading. MOFO modern synonymy with N{tu}V remains a source claim, not a universal size/quantity equivalence.", "MOFO's own 'Constituents' field decomposes this as an unidentified base {qquq} + N{tu}V (this repo's own N_tu_Vb); right sandhi is explicitly inherited from N{tu}V per MOFO's own text, directly attested here by the /uq/-participle example naaqqortooq below.", "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷qqortu-, har en stor/store N' entry (§5.3.1.4.2), supplying the iseqqortuvoq example; AITWG-Affixes independently lists this exact affix alongside N_tu_Vb with the identical citation form -qqortuvoq (docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md, printed p.23)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have a big ___; to have a(n) ___ of large extent", "en_short": "to have a big ___; to have a(n) ___ of large extent", "da": "at have en stor ___; at have en ___ af stort omfang", "verb_phrase": "have a big ___; have a(n) ___ of large extent", "da_short": "at have en stor ___; at have en ___ af stort omfang", "composition": { "en": "have a big ___; have a(n) ___ of large extent", "da": "at have en stor ___; at have en ___ af stort omfang" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har en stor ___; har en ___ af stort omfang" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_qquqtu_Vb_augmented_abundance_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortuvoq#e9967", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortooq#e9966" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-augmented-abundance", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_qquqtu_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_big", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor/property uses (iseqqortuvoq, imaqqortuvoq) and /uq/-participle uses (naaqqortooq); avalent packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Big N or large extent is not many-count N; Kleinschmidt explicitly distinguishes .qqortooq extent from the quantity reading of .tooq. No general quantity operator is approved.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from N_tu_Vb abundance possession and from argument-scope qassiit vague quantity.", "Kleinschmidt .qqortuvoq is stative; the has-gotten-larger reading belongs to separate .qqortusivoq and is not a historical sense of this owner.", "MOFO compositional note (unidentified {qquq} + N{tu}V) left unresolved; catalog keeps dedicated N_qquqtu_Vb." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortuvoq#e9967", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortooq#e9966" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described big N or large extent (Nielsen ÷qqortu-; Kleinschmidt .qqortuvoq and .qqortooq); no unrestricted many-N or inchoative reading; unidentified {qquq}+tu composition remains unresolved", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortuvoq#e9967", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortooq#e9966" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having a big N or an N of large extent. Kleinschmidt distinguishes large extent from the quantity reading of N_tu_Vb; the origin of the {qquq} element remains unclear per MOFO.", "examples": [ { "surface": "iseqqortuvoq", "natural": "he has big eyes (Nielsen2012's example, from isi, 'eye')" }, { "surface": "imaqqortuvoq", "natural": "it is spacious, has great volume (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from imaq, 'contents')" }, { "surface": "naaqqortooq", "natural": "one with a big belly (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; the /uq/-participle form of naaqqortuvoq, from naaq, 'belly', illustrating right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision directly)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortuvoq#e9967", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortooq#e9966" ], "id": "N_qquqtu_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_qquqtusi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "to have gotten a bigger/greater N (inchoative counterpart of N_qquqtu_Vb)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqortusi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2 explicitly marks ÷qqortusi-, har fået større N. AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 requires truncation before its fixed /qq/ onset, independently of the unspecified left-sandhi facet in MOFO. The inchoative is separately named in Kleinschmidt's .qqortuvoq row; it is not an older inchoative sense of stative N_qquqtu_Vb.", "MOFO's own 'Constituents' field decomposes this as N_qquqtu_Vb (above) + V{si}V ('get/become'), calling it 'seemingly synonymous with N{tusi}V' -- a DIFFERENT, formally simpler affix (bare N{tu}V + V{si}V, AITWG-Affixes' own separate '+tusivoq, -ttorpoq' headword, docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md line 80) not modeled here and not this entry's own source of corroboration.", "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷qqortusi-, har fået større N' entry (§5.3.1.5.2), supplying the ineqqortusivoq example below." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have gotten a bigger ___; to have gotten a greater ___", "da": "at have fået en større ___", "verb_phrase": "have gotten a bigger ___; have gotten a greater ___", "en_short": "to have gotten a bigger ___; to have gotten a greater ___", "da_short": "at have fået en større ___", "composition": { "en": "have gotten a bigger ___; have gotten a greater ___", "da": "at have fået en større ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har fået en større ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_qquqtusi_Vb_inchoative_augmented_abundance_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-inchoative-augmented-abundance", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_qquqtusi_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_gotten_bigger", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor/property becoming-uses (ineqqortusivoq, imaqqortusivoq); avalent packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Size/growth reading of incorporated N is host-dependent (ineqqortusivoq more space); not collapsed to argument-scope quantity.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from stative N_qquqtu_Vb augmented abundance and from argument-scope qassiit vague quantity.", "MOFO compositional analysis (N_qquqtu_Vb + V{si}V) and 'seemingly synonymous with N{tusi}V' note left unresolved; catalog keeps dedicated N_qquqtusi_Vb; no AITWG invent for this operator." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described inchoative augmented abundance/size of incorporated N (Nielsen '÷qqortusi-, har fået større N' §5.3.1.5.2 only); inchoative peer of N_qquqtu_Vb; not stative N_qquqtu_Vb and not argument-scope quantity (qassiit); MOFO N_qquqtu+si composition / near-synonymy with N_tusi left unresolved; no AITWG invent", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having gained a bigger or greater N -- the inchoative ('has become') counterpart of N_qquqtu_Vb's stative ('has') sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ineqqortusivoq", "natural": "he has gotten more space (Nielsen2012's example, from ini, 'room')" }, { "surface": "imaqqortusivoq", "natural": "it has gotten a bigger volume (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from imaq, 'contents')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqortuvoq#e9967", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "id": "N_qquqtusi_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_sire_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "Agent asks/encourages Patient to become his=Agent's N (often used with a nominalised verb instead, giving 'Agent asks Patient to Vb with him')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_sire_Vb:eed06013f3c2", "items": [ { "text": "Agent asks/encourages Patient to become his=Agent's N (often used with a nominalised verb instead, giving 'Agent asks Patient to Vb with him')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Oqaatsit1997:ikiortiseraa#e3682", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikiortiseraa#e3544", "Oqaatsit1997:ilaseraa#e3862", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilaseraa#e3737" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+ser", "left_sandhi": "default", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "MOFO's own bracket form is N{sirə}V (ID here uses 'sire', ə->e, matching this repo's N_ge_Vb/N_lire_Vb convention); underlying_form '+ser' is extracted from the attested citation forms (+seraa transitive, minus the 3sg>3sg ending; +serinnippoq intransitive, minus the {nnək} HTR-suffix that also intransitivises this repo's own N_ge_Vb as -ginnippoq -- the same HTR strategy, independent evidence the two affixes pattern alike even though MOFO's own hypothesized composition differs).", "MOFO's own hypothesis (flagged by MOFO itself as unverified) is that this affix combines an otherwise-undocumented N{siq}V with V{-gə}V (this repo's N_ge_Vb) -- inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion records MOFO's own literal 'ə-contraction' facet, an established value in this repo (cf. V_niutigi_Vb); left_sandhi is left at plain 'default' (MOFO's own literal facet here), not N_ge_Vb's own schwa_buffered_truncative.", "Independently corroborated by AITWG-Affixes' own text (docs/affixlist/6-verbal-extenders.md, ch.6 'Causation and request', printed p.31): 'V{-qatəsirə}V, -qatiseraa (A asks P to Vb with him)' -- the identical gloss and a directly comparable citation form (-qatiseraa vs. this entry's own aallaqatiseraa below), documenting this same -sirə/-ser- morpheme compositionally (attached to V{-qatə}N) rather than as its own bare N{sirə}V headword in chapter 5. Nielsen2012's own 2012-edition transcript (unlike MOFO's cited 2019-edition Nielsen source) gives no independent hit for this affix.", "The exact ikiortiseraa rows corroborate asking for help, not the hypothesized internal affix composition or all inflection/HTR rules. AITWG composite -qatiseraa evidence remains distinct from direct admission of a universal bare N{sirə}V analysis.", "Oqaatsit1997:-:seraa#e15873 directly lists the denominal suffix with aallaqatiseraa, aapparseraa, ikiortiseraa and kiffarseraa, in requests to accompany, help or become a housemaid. This is independent suffix-row evidence beyond the composite -qatiseraa citation; it does not settle the hypothetical component analysis, every host boundary or the full schwa/HTR pattern." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Agent}} asks {{Agent}} to become his ___; {{Agent}} encourages {{Patient}} to become his ___", "da": "nogen beder nogen til at blive hans ___; nogen opfordrer nogen til at blive hans ___", "verb_phrase": "ask {{Agent}} to become his={{Agent}}'s ___; encourage {{Patient}} to become his={{Agent}}'s ___", "en_short": "asks {{Agent}} else to become ___", "da_short": "beder ham blive ___; opfordrer ham til ___", "composition": { "en": "ask {{Patient}} to become his={{Actor}}'s ___; encourage {{Patient}} to become his={{Actor}}'s ___", "da": "beder ham blive ___; opfordrer ham til ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "beder nogen til at blive hans ___; opfordrer nogen til at blive hans ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as asking or encouraging the Patient to take on the role of the Agent's N -- most often combined with a nominalised verb (e.g. via -qatə, 'fellow Vb-er') to mean 'asks P to Vb along with him'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilaseraa", "natural": "he asks him to accompany him (MOFO cites Nielsen 2019; from ila, 'fellow/companion', literally 'asks him to become his companion')" }, { "surface": "aallaqatiseraa", "natural": "he asks him to travel with him (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from aallaqat, 'travel companion')" }, { "surface": "ikiortiseraa", "natural": "he asks him to help him (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from ikiorti, 'helper')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Oqaatsit1997:ikiortiseraa#e3682", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikiortiseraa#e3544", "Oqaatsit1997:ilaseraa#e3862", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilaseraa#e3737", "Oqaatsit1997:-:seraa#e15873" ], "id": "N_sire_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_siuqluaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "Actor celebrates N well; has a good N (often imperative, 'have a good N!', e.g. 'merry Christmas!')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_siuqluaq_Vb:050eaeb84cdf", "items": [ { "text": "Actor celebrates N well; has a good N (often imperative, 'have a good N!', e.g. 'merry Christmas!')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K3§4b" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+siorluar", "left_sandhi": "default", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own 'Constituents' field decomposes this as N_siuq_Vb (this repo's own entry, in its 'celebrate N' sense) + V{(l)luaq}V ('good/well', not independently modeled in this repo). MOFO's own right-sandhi facet is '/aq/ drop' (this repo's right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision) inherited from V{(l)luaq}V -- NOT asserted here as a field value, since neither attested example shows the vowel-initial-addition environment that would trigger it: the imperative juullisiorluarit! instead shows ordinary q->r weakening. docs/reference/linguistics/aitwg-rule-compliance-audit.md already flags this whole V{(l)luaq}V/'-li-' affix family as too entangled for a confident single-value assertion pending dedicated follow-up.", "Independently corroborated by Bjornum2012's own worked example (Kap.3 §4b, 'Affikser, der ofte bruges med imperativ'): 'juullisiorluarniarisi, I må have en god jul (siges før jul)' -- the identical juulli-siorluar- stem, directly matching MOFO's own juullisiorluarpoq/juullisiorluarit! examples below." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} celebrates ___ well; has a good ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} celebrates ___ well", "da": "nogen fejrer ___ godt; har en god ___", "verb_phrase": "celebrate ___ well; have a good ___ (often imperative, 'have a good ___!', e.g. 'merry Christmas!')", "da_short": "nogen fejrer ___ godt", "composition": { "en": "celebrate ___ well; have a good ___ (often imperative, 'have a good ___!', e.g. 'merry Christmas!')", "da": "nogen fejrer ___ godt; har en god ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "fejrer ___ godt; har en god ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Oqaatsit1997:-:siorluarpoq#e15892 directly attests juullisiorluarpoq 'har haft en god jul' and sapaatisiorluarpoq 'havde en god søndag', plus good-weather and jubilee-day examples. Bjornum2012:K3§4b separately attests the imperative juullisiorluarniarisi. The Oqaatsit row does not itself print juullisiorluarit or establish that imperative uses predominate; weather use is not restricted to celebrating holidays.", "examples": [ { "surface": "juullisiorluarpoq", "natural": "he has had a good Christmas (Oqaatsit1997:-:siorluarpoq#e15892; from juulli, Christmas)" }, { "surface": "juullisiorluarit!", "natural": "merry Christmas! (imperative 2sg; MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997)" }, { "surface": "juullisiorluarniarisi", "natural": "you all should have a good Christmas, said before Christmas (Bjornum2012's own example, Kap.3 §4b)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K3§4b", "Oqaatsit1997:-:siorluarpoq#e15892" ], "id": "N_siuqluaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_taaqtuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S'es have gotten a new N (inherently plural; only used with a plural Subject)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+taartor", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "Combines this repo's own N_taaq_Vb ('+taar-', 'S gets a new N', denominal_verbs.yaml above) with a further pluralising element MOFO hypothesises (hedged: 'I hypothesise') is V{tuq}V; boundary_behavior:additive/left_sandhi:default mirror N_taaq_Vb's own established values, matching MOFO's own 'Default' left-sandhi facet for this combined form.", "Assibilated variant +saartorpoq (after a true /i/, the general t-to-s rule) is not modeled as a separate underlying_form entry, matching this repo's established practice for the same rule elsewhere (e.g. N_tusi_Vb's own -ttorpoq/-tsorpoq)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actors}} have gotten a new ___ (inherently plural; only used with a plural {{Subject}})", "da": "de har fået en ny ___ (kun i flertal)", "en_short": "they have gotten a new ___ (inherently plural", "da_short": "de har fået en ny ___", "composition": { "en": "they have gotten a new ___ (inherently plural", "da": "de har fået en ny ___ (kun i flertal)" }, "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "have gotten a new ___ (inherently plural; only used with a plural {{Subject}})", "da_verb_phrase": "har fået en ny ___ (kun i flertal)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_taaqtuq_Vb_plural_get_new_n_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-plural-get-new-n-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_taaqtuq_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "plural_get_new_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is inherently plural Subject get-new-N (atisartaartorput); singular packing is not asserted." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "No invent AITWG — provenance ⊆ Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2 only.", "Plural-subject peer of N_taaq_Vb — not a separate AITWG head; MOFO pluralising composition honesty stays catalog notes.", "Acquire axis — NOT possession operator.type and not N_tu abundance dual; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described plural-Subject get-new-N acquire (Nielsen '+taartor-, mange har fået ny N'); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); no AITWG invent (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2 only); inherently plural; peer of N_taaq — ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks several subjects as having all gotten a new N; only used with plural person marking. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+taartor-, mange har fået ny N' entry (its own separate headword, immediately following N_taaq_Vb's own '+taar-' headword), supplying the sole worked example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "atisartaartorput", "natural": "many have gotten new clothes (Nielsen2012's example, from atisat, plural of atisaq, 'clothing')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2" ], "id": "N_taaqtuq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_tqut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A passes by/around/through the N of P (N a spatial-area noun; restricted to spatial/directional stems); also, intransitively via the {i}/{ði} HTR-morpheme, 'S comes after, is late'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_tqut_Vb:c3ca55a5a75a", "items": [ { "text": "A passes by/around/through the N of P (N a spatial-area noun; restricted to spatial/directional stems); also, intransitively via the {i}/{ði} HTR-morpheme, 'S comes after, is late'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2", "Oqaatsit1997:avaqquppaa#e2564", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avaqquppaa#e2508", "Kleinschmidt1871:avaqquppaa#e1506" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tqut", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "notes": [ "A t(ə)-final affix (bracket N{tqut(ə)}V, citation -qquppaa): the affix's own initial /tq/ sequence surfaces as [qq] (avat+tqutə -> avaqquppaa; sani+tqutə -> saneqquppaa) -- an affix-internal shift, not a host-dependent sandhi rule, consistent with MOFO's own plain 'Default' left-sandhi facet. right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering records the /t/+/p/ -> [pp] pattern in the citation form (-qquppaa), the same family as N_irut_Vb/N_liuut_Vb above; MOFO's own page separately flags an IRREGULAR HTR-form and passive participle (eliding the /ə/, behaving like a true t-stem: -qqutsivoq/-qqutaq) not asserted as a separate schema value here.", "MOFO's own left constituent is unresolved ('{?} + V{-(cc)ut(ə)}V'); restricted to spatial/directional noun stems, per both MOFO and Nielsen2012's own 'ikke så produktivt' (not very productive) note.", "Exact modern avaqquppaa rows attest going/sailing around it; Klein specifies the outside facing open sea. These are bounded lexical illustrations of the independently grammatical spatial-area derivation, not new productive hosts, invariant segmentation or semantic-frame participant review. Modern paired Oqaatsit row also lists avaqqutsivoq; do not force transitive agreement onto that contrasting form." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} passes by the ___ of {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} passes around the ___ of {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} passes through the ___ of {{Patient}}; {{Subject}} comes after, is late", "en_short": "passes by the ___ of {{Actor}} else; passes around the ___ of {{Actor}} else; passes through the ___ of {{Actor}} else", "da": "nogen passerer forbi ___'en på nogen; nogen passerer rundt om ___'en på nogen; nogen passerer gennem ___'en på nogen", "verb_phrase": "pass by the ___ of {{Patient}} (___ a spatial-area noun; restricted to spatial/directional stems); pass around the ___ of {{Patient}} (___ a spatial-area noun; restricted to spatial/directional stems); pass through the ___ of {{Patient}} (___ a spatial-area noun; restricted to spatial/directional stems); also, intransitively via the {i}/{ði} HTR-morpheme, '{{Subject}} comes after, is late'", "da_short": "forbi ___'en; rundt om ___'en; gennem ___'en", "composition": { "en": "pass by the ___ of {{Patient}} (___ a spatial-area noun; restricted to spatial/directional stems); pass around the ___ of {{Patient}} (___ a spatial-area noun; restricted to spatial/directional stems); pass through the ___ of {{Patient}} (___ a spatial-area noun; restricted to spatial/directional stems); also, intransitively via the {i}/{ði} HTR-morpheme, '{{Subject}} comes after, is late'", "da": "forbi ___'en; rundt om ___'en; gennem ___'en" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "passerer forbi ___'en på nogen; nogen passerer rundt om ___'en på nogen; passerer gennem ___'en på nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "increasing" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_tqut_Vb_pass_by_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-pass-by-n", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_tqut_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "pass_by_n", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent passes by/around/through spatial-area N of Patient (avaqquppaa, saneqquppaa, killeqquppaa); spatial-area N restriction; HTR intransitive 'comes after/late' (kingoqqutsivoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "No invent AITWG — provenance ⊆ Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4 + §5.3.1.8.2 only.", "HTR intransitive 'comes after/late' honesty (kingoqqutsivoq) — not a separate forced operator sense.", "Spatial-area N restriction; pass-by ≠ sell/tell/times peers.", "Divalent stays divalent — never flatten to monovalent possession.", "Partition sell/tell/times/pass — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent pass-by/around/through spatial-area-N of Patient (Nielsen '÷qqutə- 1/2, sbj passerer obj ved N / passere N'); Partition sell/tell/times/pass — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); no AITWG invent (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4 + §5.3.1.8.2 only); HTR late/after honesty; divalent stays divalent; ≠ sell/tell/times peers; ≠ provide/give; ≠ make-into; ≠ remove; ≠ INST/touch/hit", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as passing by, around, or through the spatial area named by N belonging to the Patient. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷qqutə- 1, sbj passerer obj ved N' (transitive, §5.3.1.8.1.4) and '÷qqutə- 2, ÷qqutsi-, passere N' (intransitive, §5.3.1.8.2) entries -- combined here as one entry, matching MOFO's own single-page treatment and the same combining precedent already used on N_irut_Vb above.", "examples": [ { "surface": "avaqquppaa", "natural": "he passes around it, goes around it (Nielsen2012's/MOFO's shared example, from avat, 'the outside/an area out from')" }, { "surface": "saneqquppaa", "natural": "he passes by its side (Nielsen2012's/MOFO's shared example, from sani, 'the side')" }, { "surface": "killeqquppaa", "natural": "he skims closely past it (Nielsen2012's own example, from killeq, 'border, limit')" }, { "surface": "kingoqqutsivoq", "natural": "he is late, comes after (Nielsen2012's/MOFO's shared example, intransitive HTR-form, from kingu, 'the back area')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2", "Oqaatsit1997:avaqquppaa#e2564", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avaqquppaa#e2508", "Kleinschmidt1871:avaqquppaa#e1506" ], "id": "N_tqut_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_tuge_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "A considers/thinks P has (too) big/much N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tuge", "left_sandhi": "default", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "A straightforward combination of this repo's own N_tu_Vb ('has big/many N', denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) with V{-gə}V ('consider'), per MOFO's own analysis; left_sandhi:default is inherited from N_tu_Vb's own established value. inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion records the affix's own final /ə/ (from V{-gə}V) contracting with a following vowel-initial ending, the same value already established on this repo's V_niutigi_Vb/V_suri_Vb family for the same {-gə}-type schwa-final component.", "Antonym per MOFO: N{-kigə}V ('considers Patient to have too small N'), modeled as N_kigi_Vb, above in this same file." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} thinks {{Patient}} has (too) big ___; {{Actor}} thinks {{Patient}} has (too) much ___", "da": "nogen synes nogen har (for) stor ___; nogen synes nogen har (for) meget ___", "verb_phrase": "consider {{Patient}} has (too) big ___; consider {{Patient}} has (too) much ___; think {{Patient}} has (too) big ___; think {{Patient}} has (too) much ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} thinks {{Patient}} has big ___; {{Actor}} thinks {{Patient}} has much ___", "da_short": "har stor ___; har meget ___", "composition": { "en": "consider {{Patient}} has (too) big ___; consider {{Patient}} has (too) much ___; think {{Patient}} has (too) big ___; think {{Patient}} has (too) much ___", "da": "nogen synes nogen har (for) stor ___; nogen synes nogen har (for) meget ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "synes nogen har (for) stor ___; synes nogen har (for) meget ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_tuge_Vb_evaluative_abundance_consider", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-evaluative-abundance-consider", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_tuge_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "consider_has_much_or_large", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent+Patient with incorporated N under evaluative consider-too-much/big (isitugaa, qaqqartugaa, umittugaa)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "MOFO analyses N_tuge as compositional N_tu + V_ge (consider); honesty note only — this frame does not invent a separate compositional operator or collapse into N_tu_Vb possession.", "Do not collapse into N_qaq_Vb plain possession or monovalent N_tu_Vb abundance possession; operator.type is other (evaluative consider), not possession.", "Antonym is framed as N_kigi_Vb_evaluative_scarcity_consider (same §5.3.1.4.1 evaluative pair); do not collapse either into N_qaq/N_tu possession; no AITWG invent (catalog provenance is Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1 only).", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Affix-specific AITWG §9 diathesis maps parked." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described evaluative consider that Patient has (too) much/big incorporated N (Nielsen '+tugə-, sbj synes obj har meget/mange N'); divalent Agent+Patient+incorporated N; type=other (evaluative consider) — NOT possession; MOFO N_tu+V_ge composition honesty only; not collapsed to N_qaq/N_tu possession; no AITWG invent (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1 only)", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as judging or perceiving the Patient to have an excessively big or great N. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+tugə-, sbj synes obj har meget/mange N' entry, supplying all three examples below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "isitugaa", "natural": "she thinks his eyes are very big (Nielsen2012's example, from isi, 'eye')" }, { "surface": "qaqqartugaa", "natural": "he thinks it is full of mountains (Nielsen2012's example, from qaqqaq, 'mountain')" }, { "surface": "umittugaa", "natural": "she thinks his beard is too much (Nielsen2012's example, from umik, 'beard')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1" ], "id": "N_tuge_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_tniaq_hunt_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "Actor hunts for N (only used with animal names for N)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(n)niar", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+nniar" }, "notes": [ "A productive combination this repo's own N_t_hunt_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, N{(t)}V, 'catches N') already flagged but deliberately left unmodeled: 'AITWG-Affixes' own text further describes two productive combining forms built on this affix: N{(t)niaq}V (...), neither modeled as a separate entry here, recorded in prose only.' This entry fills that previously-noted gap, the same fill-the-flagged-gap precedent already used for N_sunnit_Vb (filling N_sunni_N's own deferred gap) and N_palaaq_seem_Vb (filling V_palaaq_Vb's own deferred gap).", "Morphemically N{(t)}V + V{niaq}V ('try to Vb', this repo's own V_niaq_try_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml) -- left sandhi is inherited from N{(t)}V per MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/(t)niaq.html: 'Left sandhi is inherited from the left-most component, N{(t)}V'), so boundary_behavior:additive/left_sandhi:default matches N_t_hunt_Vb's own values. The epenthetic consonant surfaces as a doubled /n/ before this affix's own initial /n/ (tuttu -> tuttunniarpoq, appa -> appanniarpoq) rather than the /p/ seen before plain -poq -- described here in prose, not asserted as a separate schema value.", "right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision records V{niaq}V's own /aq/-final shape eliding before a following vowel-initial ending -- AITWG-Affixes' own footnote for this affix states explicitly 'V{niaq}V is an aq-stem, so {ut(ə)} causes loss of the final /qa/' (docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md, footnote 2), the same value already established on this repo's N_iqniaq_sell_Vb/V_galuaq_N/N_nnguaq_N.", "DISAMBIGUATION from V_niaq_try_Vb, V_niaq_Vb, and V_niaq_N: these V-attaching analyses use the same {niaq} string directly on a verb stem (the try-to and sentence-scope readings) or derive an agent noun ('one who tries to Vb'). This entry is the N-to-V form built on N{(t)}V first, a different attachment site and word class, not a duplicate of those records.", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375): only the vowel-final class is encoded (double /n/, per the note above), grounded by this entry's own tuttunniarpoq example (from tuttu, vowel-final, Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2) and by the entry's own further illustrative form 'appa -> appanniarpoq' two notes above (also vowel-final). nannunniarpoq (this entry's own other pedagogy example) is not used to ground a further key: it is built on N_t_hunt_Vb's own lexicalised 'nannuppoq' rather than directly on a bare host, so its own host-final segment is not this entry's own to establish. No consonant-host key is added: this affix is restricted to animal-name hosts (this entry's own meaning above), and no consonant-final animal name attaches to it directly anywhere checked." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} hunts for ___ (an animal)", "da": "nogen jager ___", "verb_phrase": "hunt for ___ (only used with animal names for ___)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} hunts for ___", "da_short": "nogen jager ___", "composition": { "en": "hunt for ___ (only used with animal names for ___)", "da": "nogen jager ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "jager ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_tniaq_hunt_Vb_hunt_for_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +niarpoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-hunt-for-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_tniaq_hunt_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "hunt_for", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy restricts hosts to animal names (tuttunniarpoq, nannunniarpoq); MOFO N{(t)}+niaq composition honesty stays catalog notes." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Hunt-for acquire axis — animal-N only; do not invent separate +t- 1 catch frame here.", "NOT possession operator.type and not N_tu abundance dual; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +niarpoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described hunt-for acquire of animal-N (Nielsen '+nniar-, være på jagt efter N'; AITWG Actor hunts for N); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); animal-N restriction; MOFO N{(t)}+niaq honesty only; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +niarpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as hunting for, or trying to catch, N -- restricted to animal-name hosts, the combinatorial extension of N_t_hunt_Vb with V_niaq_try_Vb's own 'try to' sense. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('+nniar-, være på jagt efter N') and Bjornum2012, which supply the two examples below between them.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tuttunniarpoq", "natural": "he is out hunting caribou/reindeer (Nielsen2012's example, from tuttu, 'caribou')" }, { "surface": "nannunniarpoq", "natural": "he is out hunting polar bear (Bjornum2012's example, from nanoq/na'nuq, 'polar bear', via N_t_hunt_Vb's own lexicalised nannuppoq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +niarpoq" ], "id": "N_tniaq_hunt_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_li_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S becomes, or is becoming, N (a gradable/measurable property); non-productive in the modern language, per MOFO", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_li_Vb:cafe6c064fa6", "items": [ { "text": "S becomes, or is becoming, N (a gradable/measurable property); non-productive in the modern language, per MOFO", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -livoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-li", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "L-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's general default for l-initial affixes grounds left_sandhi:truncative, matching the utoqqaq -> utoqqalivoq example (deletion of the stem's final /aq/).", "MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-li.html) tags this affix 'Non-productive', naming N{-liuq}V (this repo's own N_lior_Vb) as the modern-day productive successor. MOFO's page also documents a divalent 'Agent makes N of/for Patient' sense (panertulivoq, assilivaa) not attested by either Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012's own dedicated entries for this affix, which cover only the monovalent 'has become N' sense used below -- not modeled as this entry's own valency." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} becomes, or is becoming, ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} becomes, or is becoming, ___", "da": "nogen bliver, eller er ved at blive, ___", "verb_phrase": "become, or is becoming, ___ (a gradable/measurable property); non-productive in the modern language, per MOFO", "da_short": "nogen bliver, eller er ved at blive, ___", "composition": { "en": "become, or is becoming, ___ (a gradable/measurable property); non-productive in the modern language, per MOFO", "da": "nogen bliver, eller er ved at blive, ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver, eller er ved at blive, ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_li_Vb_is_becoming_n", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -livoq" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-is-becoming-n", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_li_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "is_becoming_n", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is monovalent Subject is becoming / is in the process of becoming N on gradable hosts (utoqqalivoq)." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Monovalent stays monovalent — never flatten into Agent+Patient shell.", "Is-becoming ≠ be N_u; ≠ has-become N_nnguq; MOFO non-productive honesty already on catalog row.", "Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -livoq" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described monovalent is-becoming-N (Nielsen '÷li- 1, er ved at blive N'; Bjørnum -livoq); Axis A be/become — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); monovalent stays monovalent; is-becoming ≠ be ≠ become ≠ LOC-be-at ≠ each-other-N ≠ good-as-N ≠ grouped-by-N ≠ well-suited-as-N; ≠ Axis B feel; never mush 'state of N'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -livoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as becoming, or having become, N. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('÷li- 1, er ved at blive N') and Bjornum2012 ('-livoq n-v er blevet; er ved at blive (om noget, der kan måles)'), which give the identical example word.", "examples": [ { "surface": "utoqqalivoq", "natural": "he/it is becoming old (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from utoqqaq, 'old')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -livoq" ], "id": "N_li_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_qatige_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "Agent has N in common with Patient (e.g. shares an age, home, or role with them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_qatige_Vb:2f4d14310261", "items": [ { "text": "Agent has N in common with Patient (e.g. shares an age, home, or role with them)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigaa" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qatige", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION -- distinct from this repo's existing V_qatigi_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml, 'A Vb's together with P', V->V): MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-qatəgə.html) explicitly analyses this as a separate, N-attaching verbalising variant ('built with N{-qatə}N instead' of a verb stem), Constituents N{-qatə}N + N{-gə}V (this repo's own N_ge_Vb) -- a real sibling affix sharing a root, not a duplicate of the V-attaching one. Bjornum2012 corroborates the same dual N/V attachment directly under one shared '-qatigaa ... v-v, n-v' headword.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1 explicitly marks ÷qatigə- and MOFO:nv/-qatəgə specifies truncation. Incoming attachment belongs to the leftmost qat component, not the output class of rightmost ge. The source-declared schwa-final output is recorded separately; mood-marker fusion is separately recorded from AITWG:§B.6, not inferred from the input boundary." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Agent}} has ___ in common with {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen har ___ til fælles med nogen", "verb_phrase": "have ___ in common with {{Patient}} (e.g. shares an age, home, or role with them)", "en_short": "{{Agent}} has ___ in common with {{Patient}}", "da_short": "nogen har ___ til fælles med nogen", "composition": { "en": "have ___ in common with {{Patient}} (e.g. shares an age, home, or role with them)", "da": "nogen har ___ til fælles med nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har ___ til fælles med nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_qatige_Vb_share_n_with_patient_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigaa" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-share-with-patient", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_qatige_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "share_n_with_patient", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent+Patient with incorporated shared-N (ukioqatigaa); Agent has N in common with Patient." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Distinct from framed N_qatigiik_Vb (monovalent plural-only share/have-N-in-common); this operator is divalent share-N-with-patient possession, not the reciprocal plural-only peer.", "Distinct from V_qatigi_Vb (verb-host sibling 'A Vb's together with P'); N-attaching ÷qatigə / -qatigaa only here.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Affix-specific AITWG §9 diathesis maps remain parked; no AITWG invent beyond Nielsen+Bjørnum cites." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigaa" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described share-N-with-patient possession (Nielsen '÷qatigə- 1, sbj har N fælles med obj'; Bjørnum '-qatigaa (-qatigivaa) v-v, n-v'); divalent Agent+Patient+incorporated N (pedagogy ukioqatigaa); ≠ framed N_qatigiik_Vb plural-only reciprocal share; ≠ V_qatigi_Vb verb-host sibling", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigaa" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as sharing N -- an age, home, role, or similar -- with the Patient. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 ('÷qatigə- 1, sbj har N fælles med obj') and Bjornum2012 ('-qatigaa (-qatigivaa) v-v, n-v gør el. er noget sammen med ham'), which give the identical example word for the N-attaching sense specifically.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ukioqatigaa", "natural": "he is the same age as him (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from ukioq, 'year')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§B.6", "MOFO:nv/-qatəgə", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigaa" ], "id": "N_qatige_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_r_loanword_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S uses/operates/does the activity associated with N; verbalises a (mainly Danish) loanword noun", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "loanword" ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-r", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012's own headword is '÷r-, låneordsverbalisator' (loanword verbaliser), with the single worked example biili -> biilerpoq; the ÷ mark (Nielsen2012's truncative citation notation) grounds this template's truncating default, though in practice the affix attaches to vowel-final Greenlandised loanword hosts (loanwords are adapted to vowel-final shape, almost always -i, per Bjornum2012:K1§4), so no host-final consonant is available to truncate in any attested example.", "The host's own final /i/ surfaces as 'e' before this affix's uvular /r/ (biili -> biiler-, sikkili -> sikkiler-) -- the regular i-lowering-before-uvular orthographic pattern, a fact about /i/+uvular sequences generally, not modeled as this affix's own sandhi value.", "Bjornum2012 does not present this as its own affix headword, but its transport-verbalisation table (K6§12) independently attests the identical derivation on six further loanword hosts (bussi -> busserpoq 'rides the bus', sikkili -> sikkilerpoq 'cycles', hiisti -> hiisterpoq 'rides a horse', taxa -> taxarpoq, helikopteri -> helikoptererpoq, plus the same biili -> biilerpoq with the same gloss as Nielsen2012's own example) -- explicitly contrasted there with the native +tor- consumption/use affix (this repo's N_tuq_eat_Vb), which Bjornum2012 says cannot be used on these newer transport nouns.", "No AITWG-Affixes headword for this affix was found (docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md, the N->V chapter, has no loanword-verbaliser entry).", "DISAMBIGUATION / host scope (#544 theme 1): do NOT treat native hosts as loanword verbalisations. Pilot aalisarpoq ('is fishing') currently also exact-matches catalog wallpaper stem aalisaq + this affix — a spurious parse. Fishing pedagogy hosts (aalisarpoq) are native; prefer catalog stem aalisar (#544 theme 2) over this loanword path. Also distinct from N_t_hunt_Vb (game-catch). See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme2-shared-bases.md.", "Exact modern biilerpoq rows attest driving/going by car; independent Nielsen and Bjornum passages establish this particular loanword-host example. Whole-word pins do not extend the verbalizer to native nouns or all activities, or independently prove a new truncation environment." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} uses the activity of ___; {{Subject}} operates the activity of ___; {{Subject}} does the activity of ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} uses the activity of ___; {{Actor}} operates the activity of ___; {{Actor}} does the activity of ___", "da": "nogen bruger aktiviteten forbundet med ___; nogen betjener aktiviteten forbundet med ___; nogen udfører aktiviteten forbundet med ___", "verb_phrase": "use the activity associated with ___; operate the activity associated with ___; do the activity associated with ___", "da_short": "bruger ___; betjener ___; udfører ___", "composition": { "en": "use the activity associated with ___; operate the activity associated with ___; do the activity associated with ___", "da": "bruger ___; betjener ___; udfører ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bruger aktiviteten forbundet med ___; betjener aktiviteten forbundet med ___; udfører aktiviteten forbundet med ___" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A minimal verbaliser used on (mainly Danish) loanword nouns; with vehicle nouns the lexicalised sense is 'travels by/operates N'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "biilerpoq", "natural": "he drives (goes by) car (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from biili, 'car', a loanword)" }, { "surface": "sikkilerpoq", "natural": "he cycles (Bjornum2012's example, from sikkili, 'bicycle', a loanword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K6§12", "Oqaatsit1997:biilerpoq#e2718", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:biilerpoq#e2604" ], "id": "N_r_loanword_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs" } ], "N_tu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "to have a big N, or many N (antonym: N_kit_Vb, 'to have a small/few N', denominal_verbs.yaml)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_tu_Vb:6658d188b5fd", "items": [ { "text": "to have a big N, or many N (antonym: N_kit_Vb, 'to have a small/few N', denominal_verbs.yaml)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/tu", "AITWG:§12.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +tuvoq/+suvoq (pp.228–274)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tu", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "i": "-su" }, "notes": [ "MOFO records TWO left-sandhi behaviours: the normal case (plain additive, modeled here as left_sandhi:default) and a rare, MOFO-flagged-as-likely-non-productive-nowadays elision of a preceding /ə/ on true ə-stems (e.g. mattuvoq, 'it is tough/hard', from {mamə}N + this affix, with /ə/ eliding: mamə+tu -> mat-tu). Not asserted as this entry's left_sandhi value -- MOFO's own hedge on productivity, plus this repo's own unimplemented isSchwa detection (see docs/reference/linguistics/aitwg-rule-compliance-audit.md's SG-2), makes that too shaky to assert as the primary fact for a first affix-category MOFO entry.", "MOFO's own page states directly, for two examples (akisuvoq 'it is expensive' from aki, 'price'; pisuvoq 'he has many things' from the dummy root {pi}N): 'The /t/ is assibilated to /s/ because of the preceding true /i/ in the stem' -- a directly-sourced claim, not an inference of ours. What IS our own observation, not MOFO's: this doesn't obviously correspond to this repo's existing right_sandhi:assibilation value, which describes a STEM's own final consonant assibilating before a following ending -- the reverse direction from an AFFIX's initial consonant assibilating due to a preceding stem. Whether these are really the same underlying rule or two distinct phenomena that happen to share a name is unverified and not asserted either way. Structurally encoded via application_logic.vowel_onset_allomorphs (jandahl/oq#773 triage pattern, keyed on the host's own final vowel quality, not right_sandhi) rather than left prose-only: caught by oq's own tools/check-worked-examples.mjs forward chain-builder, which built the wrong-consonant 'akitooq' for the participle form (aki + this affix + V_PART_INTR_3SG) with the fact left unencoded -- the assibilated -su form is needed BEFORE right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision's own -tuq/-suq-family transformation ever runs, not a substitute for it.", "The right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision transformation is directly attested: with the intransitive participle ending V{ðuq}N, this affix uses a variant form {uq} instead of the expected {tuq}, giving e.g. akisooq ('expensive') and pisooq ('rich'), rather than the citation forms' own -tuvoq/-suvoq shape.", "AITWG:§12.2 Aside 12.2 independently describes N{tu}V stems of state and the irregular historical N{tuuq}N participial forms akisooq and sivisooq, rather than the expected regular V{ðuq}N form. The source says only that this is an irregular past formation and leaves its relationship to V{suuq}N open; the lexicalized participle is not generalized to a productive N{tu}V rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have a big ___; to have many ___", "da": "at have en stor ___; at have mange ___", "verb_phrase": "have a big ___; have many ___ (antonym: N_kit_Vb, denominal_verbs.yaml, 'to have a small/few ___')", "en_short": "to have a big ___; to have many ___", "da_short": "at have en stor ___; at have mange ___", "composition": { "en": "have a big ___; have many ___ (antonym: N_kit_Vb, denominal_verbs.yaml, 'to have a small/few ___')", "da": "at have en stor ___; at have mange ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har en stor ___; har mange ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_tu_Vb_abundance_possession", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/tu", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +tuvoq/+suvoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-abundance", "output": [ { "id": "actor_or_unspecified", "role": "actor", "status": "optional", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_tu_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "have_much_or_large", "arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "actor", "status": "unknown" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "actor_or_unspecified" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy shows monovalent actor uses (qingartuvoq, umittuvoq) and property-of-subject uses (akisuvoq); avalent existential packing is not separately asserted here." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Size versus count reading of incorporated N is host-dependent (qingartuvoq ≠ many noses); not collapsed to argument-scope quantity.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed.", "Distinct from N_qaq_Vb plain possession and from argument-scope qassiit vague quantity." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/tu", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +tuvoq/+suvoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] }, "operator": { "type": "possession", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described abundance/size of incorporated N (Nielsen '+tu-, være rig på N'; Bjørnum '+tuvoq er rig på'); size↔quantity dual — qingartuvoq 'has a big nose' ≠ 'has many noses'; antonym of N_kit_Vb; not argument-scope quantity (qassiit) and not plain N_qaq_Vb possession", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/tu", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +tuvoq/+suvoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#97](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/97), P12): both Bjørnum (K9§6 s.v. +tuvoq/+suvoq) and Nielsen (§5.3.1.4.2 s.v. +tu-) independently give the identical example pair akisuvoq/akisooq (from aki, 'price') already used in this entry's own pedagogy. Bjørnum's own heading pairs +tuvoq/+suvoq with the intransitive-participle variant +tooq/+sooq and gives 'akisooq' directly as the participle of 'akisuvoq' -- independent confirmation of the right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision claim specifically, not just the citation-form pair. Nielsen's extract attests akisuvoq/nipituvoq/umittuvoq but not the -uq participle form separately.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qingartuvoq", "natural": "He has a big nose. (qingaq, 'nose', + this affix)" }, { "surface": "akisuvoq", "natural": "It is expensive. (aki, 'price', + this affix; /t/ assibilates to /s/ after the true /i/ in aki)" }, { "surface": "akisooq", "natural": "expensive (one) -- the /uq/-participle form of akisuvoq, illustrating right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision directly" }, { "surface": "pisuvoq", "natural": "He has many things. (from the dummy root {pi}N, giving the affix's pure 'having/many' meaning with no other semantic content)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/tu", "AITWG:§12.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +tuvoq/+suvoq (pp.228–274)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "id": "N_tu_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_liuut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "Agent makes (an) N for Patient" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "assimilative", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-liuut", "left_sandhi": "replacive", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is N{-liuut(ə)}V, a combination of N{-liuq}V ('make N', this repo's independently-sourced N_lior_Vb) and V{-(cc)ut(ə)}V ('for Patient', not independently modeled here) -- MOFO records it as its own lexicalised dictionary entry with its own citation forms. Genuinely distinct from N_lior_Vb, not a MOFO-cited duplicate of it: this affix adds a Patient/beneficiary argument ('makes N FOR Patient') that -lior alone does not have.", "MOFO's own left-sandhi facet for this affix lists THREE co-occurring values: Truncative, Replacive, and /VC/ deleting -- inherited from the left-most component N_lior_Vb, itself inherited from N{-li}V (not independently modeled here), with the specific behaviour depending on the base stem's own shape. This entry models only the REPLACIVE case, directly attested by the two tə-stem examples below (aaqqasiuuppaa, ipusiuuppaa: stem-final /t/ + affix-initial /l/ -> [s]); the truncative and /VC/-deleting sub-cases are not modeled as this entry's own field values, the same one-value-of-several-co-listed approach already used on this repo's V_neqaq_Vb/V_naq_Vb entries. boundary_behavior:assimilative is used as the closest existing legacy value for this specific sub-case -- not MOFO's own term, but matching docs/reference/linguistics/aitwg-rule-compliance-audit.md's own cross-reference ('left_sandhi:replacive conceptually overlaps boundary_behavior:assimilative').", "right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering is directly attested by the citation forms themselves: -liuuppaa (/t/+/p/ -> [pp]) and -liuussivoq (/t/+/s/ -> [ss]) -- the same /t/-assimilation pattern already documented on this repo's tunniut entry, and for the same underlying reason: both tunniut and this affix are built on the same right-hand component, V{-(cc)ut(ə)}V, which MOFO says is where the right-sandhi behaviour is inherited from in both cases.", "MOFO also records a further-derived HTR-form (antipassive, via V{ði}V) with phonemic shape /-liuucci/ -- not modeled as a separate field here, since this repo doesn't yet model HTR-morpheme combinations as their own entries (same gap already noted on this repo's ujaq entry)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} makes (an) ___ for {{Agent}}", "da": "nogen laver en ___ til nogen", "verb_phrase": "make (an) ___ for {{Agent}}", "en_short": "{{Patient}} makes ___ for {{Agent}}", "da_short": "nogen laver en ___ til nogen", "composition": { "en": "make (an) ___ for {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen laver en ___ til nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "laver en ___ til nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "increasing" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_liuut_Vb_make_n_for_patient_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-liuut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-make-n-for-patient-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_liuut_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "make_n_for_patient", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent makes N for Patient (kaffiliuuppaa, issiaviliuuppaa, aaqqasiuuppaa); beneficiary Patient required." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Divalent stays divalent — never flatten to monovalent possession.", "Distinct from monovalent N_lior_Vb make-N; ÷siuut- t-base allomorph honesty ≠ search N_siuut_Vb.", "Acquire/make-for axis — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B seem/pretend.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-liuut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent make-N-for-Patient acquire (Nielsen '÷liuut-/÷siuut-, sbj fremstiller N til obj'; MOFO Agent makes N for Patient); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); divalent Agent+Patient+incorporated N stays divalent; ≠ N_lior make-N; surface -siuut- allomorph ≠ N_siuut search-for; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-liuut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#97](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/97), P14): Nielsen (§5.3.1.5.1 s.v. ÷liuut-/÷siuut-) glosses the affix identically ('sbj fremstiller N til obj', matching this entry's 'Agent makes (an) N for Patient') and gives a near-identical derived form on the SAME stem this entry uses (aaqqatit/aaqqat 'mittens'): 'aaqqatit, vanter; aaqqatiliuupaa/aaqqasiuupaa, hun strikker/syr vanter til ham' -- same worked example, same root, not just a shared affix. Note Nielsen's transcript has single-p 'aaqqasiuupaa' against this entry's double-p 'aaqqasiuuppaa'; flagged as a minor spelling-variant discrepancy between the two sources, not silently reconciled.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kaffiliuuppaa", "natural": "He makes coffee for him. (kaffi, 'coffee', a borrowed word)" }, { "surface": "issiaviliuuppaa", "natural": "He makes a chair for him. (issiavik, 'chair')" }, { "surface": "aaqqasiuuppaa", "natural": "He makes mittens for him. (from aaqqat, 'mitten', a tə-stem -- the affix's initial /l/ plus the stem's final /t/ replace as /s/, illustrating left_sandhi:replacive directly)" }, { "surface": "ipusiuuppaa", "natural": "He makes an oar for him. (from iput, 'oar', a tə-stem -- same /təl/ -> [s] replacive pattern as aaqqasiuuppaa)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-liuut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.1", "Oqaatsit1997:-liuuppaa#e7115", "Oqaatsit1997:-siuuppaa#e15901" ], "id": "N_liuut_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_liq_ill_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent provides Patient with a bad N; Agent brings Patient into an ill-favoured condition with respect to N (a lexicalised, non-productive combination -- distinct from N_liq_provide_Vb's plain 'provide with N' sense, though built on the same base affix)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_liq_ill_Vb:1851eb417f11", "items": [ { "text": "Agent provides Patient with a bad N; Agent brings Patient into an ill-favoured condition with respect to N (a lexicalised, non-productive combination -- distinct from N_liq_provide_Vb's plain 'provide with N' sense, though built on the same base affix)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/(q)liq", "Kleinschmidt1871:innarlerpaa", "Ordbogen2003:molestrere#e19779", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:innarlerpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rler", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{(q)liq}V, with Constituents explicitly given as N{(q)luk}N (a bound, not-independently-spelled-out host root) + N{-liq}V -- the SAME base affix this repo already models independently as N_liq_provide_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, underlying_form '-ler'). MOFO nonetheless catalogues this combination as its own separate dictionary headword/page (not under Combinations/, which is for arbitrary compounds), with a materially different, lexicalised meaning ('bad N' / 'ill-favoured condition') rather than N_liq_provide_Vb's plain 'provide with N' -- the same 'MOFO gives it its own headword with a distinct meaning, so modelled as its own entry despite sharing a constituent already in the corpus' precedent already used elsewhere in this file for N_liuut_Vb (built on N_lior_Vb) and in this initiative's affix/nn tail batch for V_kulaccusiq_N.", "underlying_form is the bare root of MOFO's own New-orthography citation forms ('-rlerpaa, -llerpaa' -- both already-inflected 3sg/3sg transitive examples, as is typical for this MOFO category); '-rler' (the r-initial reading) is used as the representative form, with the l-initial '-ller' allomorph recorded here rather than modelled separately, matching this repo's own established practice for citation-form doublets differing only in the initial consonant (e.g. V_utaq_N's -utaq/-qutaq).", "left_sandhi:default, right_sandhi:assibilation, and inflection_sandhi:none are MOFO's own explicit top-level facets for this specific compound entry ('Left sandhi: Default'; 'Right sandhi: Assibilation (t⇒s)'; 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none') -- the assibilation value directly corroborates N_liq_provide_Vb's own identical right_sandhi:assibilation value for the shared base affix, despite the two entries' left-sandhi facets differing (N_liq_provide_Vb: schwa_buffered_truncative, attested on the BARE base affix's own page; this compound's own page: default, attested on the (q)luk-hosted compound specifically) -- recorded as-is, not reconciled, since MOFO gives each its own explicit facet rather than treating them as identical.", "MOFO's own page states this entry is divalent (Agent, Patient) -- matching N_liq_provide_Vb's own divalent structure -- so template trans_denominal_verb is used, same as the base entry.", "MOFO's own three cited examples are individually thin (innarlerpaa's own base is explicitly flagged 'unclear' even by MOFO itself, only comparable to an unrelated form innarlug-; inuuserlerpoq's derivation is presented with a trailing '?' by MOFO itself, i.e. MOFO's own uncertainty, not this repo's addition), but the affix as a whole carries MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag (grep-confirmed) plus three named, real sources (Kleinschmidt 1871, Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, and Flemming A.J. Nielsen's 2019-edition Vestgrønlandsk Grammatik) -- clearing the same real-source-plus-nonproductive-tag bar already used throughout this initiative's tail tier (e.g. N_paluk_N, also modelled on 3 examples).", "MOFO's own third source (Flemming A.J. Nielsen, 2019 ed., abbreviated FAJN19 on MOFO's page) is explicitly a DIFFERENT, later edition than this repo's own Nielsen2012 citation key (Vestgrønlandsk Grammatik, 2012 ed., cited from the transcribed extracts at docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/) -- not independently held or transcribed in this repo, so NOT cited here as 'Nielsen2012:', to avoid implying independent verification against a source this repo doesn't actually have. Recorded in prose only, as one of MOFO's own three cited sources, alongside the MOFO:-only provenance tag below." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Agent}} gives {{Patient}} a bad ___", "en_short": "{{Agent}} gives {{Patient}} a bad ___", "da": "nogen giver nogen en dårlig ___; nogen bringer nogen i en ugunstig tilstand med hensyn til ___", "verb_phrase": "provide {{Patient}} with a bad ___; bring {{Patient}} into an ill-favoured condition with respect to ___ (a lexicalised, non-productive combination -- distinct from N_liq_provide_Vb's plain 'provide with ___' sense, though built on the same base affix)", "da_short": "nogen giver nogen en dårlig ___", "composition": { "en": "provide {{Patient}} with a bad ___; bring {{Patient}} into an ill-favoured condition with respect to ___ (a lexicalised, non-productive combination -- distinct from N_liq_provide_Vb's plain 'provide with ___' sense, though built on the same base affix)", "da": "nogen giver nogen en dårlig ___; nogen bringer nogen i en ugunstig tilstand med hensyn til ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "giver nogen en dårlig ___; bringer nogen i en ugunstig tilstand med hensyn til ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "innarlerpaa", "natural": "he damages it (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; lexicalised, base unclear even per MOFO's own account -- only compared to the unrelated innarlug-, 'be in disorder')" }, { "surface": "inuuserlerpoq", "natural": "he faints (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; lexicalised, seemingly from inuuseq, 'way of being/habit', with an intransitive/reflexive ending -- literally 'he provides himself with a bad way of being', per MOFO's own tentative gloss)" }, { "surface": "piniagassarlerpoq", "natural": "there is a bad catch (MOFO cites Nielsen's 2019-edition Vestgrønlandsk Grammatik, a different edition than this repo's own Nielsen2012 source -- see note above; from piniagassat, 'animals to be hunted')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/(q)liq", "Kleinschmidt1871:innarlerpaa", "Ordbogen2003:molestrere#e19779", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:innarlerpoq" ], "id": "N_liq_ill_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_liuq_suffer_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor suffers from (or because of) N -- usually something that troubles the Actor's mind (a lexicalised, non-productive combination -- distinct from N_lior_Vb's plain 'make/produce N' sense, though built on the same base affix)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_liuq_suffer_Vb:dd9ad6617e5e", "items": [ { "text": "Actor suffers from (or because of) N -- usually something that troubles the Actor's mind (a lexicalised, non-productive combination -- distinct from N_lior_Vb's plain 'make/produce N' sense, though built on the same base affix)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/(q)liuq", "Kleinschmidt1871:inuuserliorpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:inuuserliorpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kiserliorpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rlior", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{(q)liuq}V, with Constituents explicitly given as N{(q)luk}N (the same bound host root as this file's own N_liq_ill_Vb, above) + N{-liuq}V -- the SAME base affix this repo already models independently as N_lior_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, 'to make, to produce, to work with', underlying_form '-lior'). Same structural situation, and the same modelling decision, as N_liq_ill_Vb immediately above: MOFO catalogues this as its own separate headword with a materially different, lexicalised meaning ('suffers from N') rather than N_lior_Vb's productive 'make/produce N' sense.", "underlying_form is the bare root of MOFO's own New-orthography citation forms ('-rliorpoq, -lliorpoq' -- already-inflected 3sg intransitive examples); '-rlior' (the r-initial reading) is used as the representative form, matching the same doublet-handling convention as N_liq_ill_Vb above.", "left_sandhi:default, right_sandhi:none, and inflection_sandhi:none are MOFO's own explicit top-level facets for this entry ('Left sandhi: Default'; 'Right sandhi: Default/none'; 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none').", "MOFO's own page states this entry is monovalent/avalent (Diathesis: Subjective) with Valency:Preserving -- i.e. an intransitive, Actor-subject verb -- so template intrans_denominal_verb is used, matching this affix's own intransitive citation forms (-rliorpoq, not a transitive -paa form).", "MOFO's own two cited sources (Kleinschmidt 1871, Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) carry MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag (grep-confirmed); no independent corroboration was found after a real search of docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/*.md, and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/*.md for 'liuq'/'lior' combined with 'suffer'/'trouble' senses (all hits found there belong to the unrelated, already-modelled N_lior_Vb 'make/produce' sense)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} suffers from ___ (usually a worry)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} suffers from ___", "da": "nogen lider under (eller på grund af) ___ -- ofte noget der plager sindet", "verb_phrase": "suffer from (or because of) ___ -- usually something that troubles the {{Actor}}'s mind (a lexicalised, non-productive combination -- distinct from N_lior_Vb's plain 'make/produce ___' sense, though built on the same base affix)", "da_short": "nogen lider under ___ -- ofte noget der plager sindet", "composition": { "en": "suffer from (or because of) ___ -- usually something that troubles the {{Actor}}'s mind (a lexicalised, non-productive combination -- distinct from N_lior_Vb's plain 'make/produce ___' sense, though built on the same base affix)", "da": "nogen lider under (eller på grund af) ___ -- ofte noget der plager sindet" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "lider under (eller på grund af) ___ -- ofte noget der plager sindet" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kiserliorpoq", "natural": "he is lonely; he lives alone (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from kisi, 'alone')" }, { "surface": "aserliorpoq", "natural": "he stays away from people (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from asi, 'a remote place')" }, { "surface": "inuuserliorpoq", "natural": "he suffers adversity (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; seemingly from inuuseq, 'way of being/habit' -- MOFO's own page states it is 'not clear exactly how the combination yields this meaning')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/(q)liuq", "Kleinschmidt1871:inuuserliorpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:inuuserliorpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kiserliorpoq" ], "id": "N_liuq_suffer_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_iq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "Agent deprives Patient of N / removes N from Patient (also, used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme: 'Patient has lost N', or avalently 'it has become N-free'; also lexicalised as 'Actor sells N' and, with body-part stems, 'Actor freezes/feels cold in (his) N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_iq_Vb:d4a29d821353", "items": [ { "text": "Agent deprives Patient of N / removes N from Patient (also, used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme: 'Patient has lost N', or avalently 'it has become N-free'; also lexicalised as 'Actor sells N' and, with body-part stems, 'Actor freezes/feels cold in (his) N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/-iq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-iq", "left_sandhi": "aq_truncative", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is N{-iq}V (New orthography citation forms: -erpaa, -arpaa, -verpaa...); per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10], this affix historically derives from an older {ŋiʀ-}-initial form, still visible today in the non-productive variant N{-ŋiq}V, modeled below in this same file as N_ngiq_Vb.", "left_sandhi:aq_deleting is MOFO's own literal facet ('Left sandhi: Truncative, /aq/ deleting'); this entry models the /aq/-deleting sub-case specifically -- boundary_behavior is left at this template's truncating default, which also happens to be MOFO's own co-listed general case here (unlike this file's N_liuut_Vb, no override was needed). Directly attested: simeerpaa (from simiaq, 'cork/plug', with deletion of the final /aq/); annoraarpaa (from annoraaq, 'anorak', same /aq/-deletion pattern, lexicalised as 'he undresses him').", "right_sandhi:assibilation is MOFO's own literal facet ('Right sandhi: Assibilation (t⇒s)'), a single, unambiguous value with no co-listing this time -- corroborates this repo's existing amiq/taliq/ukaliq examples, not a new gap-close.", "Diathesis: Patientive (NAP) -- not modeled, this schema has no diathesis field (see this repo's tuni entry for the out-of-scope precedent).", "MOFO documents several distinct senses of this same affix beyond the core 'deprive of N' one: an intransitive passive ('Patient has lost N'), an avalent 'it has become N-free', a lexicalised 'Actor sells N', and a lexicalised 'Actor freezes/feels cold in (his) N' with body-part stems -- all real, MOFO-documented senses recorded in lexical_facts.meaning/pedagogy, not split into separate entries.", "Scope of aq deletion: MOFO says this affix is generally truncative and may delete aq, with simeerpaa from simiaq as a specific example. The stored aq_truncative field documents that subcase; it is not independent proof that every aq-host must delete aq. Kleinschmidt .erpaa#e9735 independently attests the removal sense and simeerpaa. Keep the homographic annoraarpaa senses separate: #e815 is undress, whereas #e812 is dress; only #e815 supports the example here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} deprives {{Agent}} of ___", "da": "nogen fratager nogen ___ / fjerner ___ fra nogen (også: nogen har mistet ___; nogen sælger ___; nogen fryser i ___)", "verb_phrase": "deprive {{Agent}} of ___", "en_short": "{{Patient}} deprives {{Agent}} of ___", "da_short": "nogen fratager nogen ___ / fjerner ___ fra nogen", "composition": { "en": "deprive {{Patient}} of ___", "da": "nogen fratager nogen ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "fratager nogen ___ / fjerner ___ fra nogen (også: nogen har mistet ___; nogen sælger ___; nogen fryser i ___)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "simeerpaa", "natural": "He uncorks it. (e.g. a bottle; from simiaq, 'cork/plug', with deletion of the final /aq/, illustrating left_sandhi:aq_truncative directly)" }, { "surface": "annoraarpaa", "natural": "He undresses him. (literally 'he takes the anorak off him', lexicalised; from annoraaq, 'anorak', same /aq/-deletion pattern)" }, { "surface": "sikuerpoq", "natural": "It has become ice-free. (i.e. the sea ice has broken up or melted; from siku, '(sea) ice'; intransitive, avalent, no explicit Subject)" }, { "surface": "orsuerpoq", "natural": "He sells blubber. (lexicalised sense; from orsoq, 'blubber')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-iq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.erpaa#e9735", "Kleinschmidt1871:annoraarpaa#e815", "Oqaatsit1997:simeerpaa#e14953", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:simeerpaa#e14036" ], "id": "N_iq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_cuq_use_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S makes use of N; S does something by means of N (e.g. a body part or instrument)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sor", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch4 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive (mofodata-mirror tags=[\"stem/nonproductive\"], mofo-mirror HTML grep-confirmed); encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is N{(q)cuq}V, a nominal variant of V{(q)cuq}V (not modeled here); MOFO's own text flags a possible historical relation, at least semantically, to the older non-productive sense of N{tuq}V (this repo's N_tuq_eat_Vb, denominal_verbs.yaml) -- but the two are catalogued as separate MOFO pages with distinct phonological conditioning: this affix's +sorpoq/-rsorpoq alternation (e.g. qilaatersorpoq, from a t-final stem) is governed by the host's own shape, unlike N_tuq_eat_Vb's true-/i/-triggered t-to-s assibilation (right_sandhi:archaic_ts_assibilation) -- not modeled as the same morpheme.", "MOFO records right sandhi as 'Default/none' -- no right_sandhi value is asserted here, matching this repo's existing N_palaaq_seem_Vb/N_pallak_Vb/N_paluk_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml) for the same MOFO facet." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} makes use of ___; does something by means of ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} makes use of ___", "da": "nogen bruger ___; nogen gør noget ved hjælp af ___ (f.eks. en kropsdel eller et redskab)", "verb_phrase": "make use of ___; do something by means of ___ (e.g. a body part or instrument)", "da_short": "nogen bruger ___", "composition": { "en": "make use of ___; do something by means of ___ (e.g. a body part or instrument)", "da": "nogen bruger ___; nogen gør noget ved hjælp af ___ (f.eks. en kropsdel eller et redskab)" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bruger ___; gør noget ved hjælp af ___ (f.eks. en kropsdel eller et redskab)" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as making use of, or doing something by means of, N -- often a body part or instrument. No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes corroboration was found (searched for 'sorpoq'/'isersor'/'qilaater'/'talersor'/'sarpissor' across all three extract trees; the many 'sorpoq' hits found there all belong to the unrelated, already-modeled N_tuq_eat_Vb 'eat/drink/consume N' affix).", "examples": [ { "surface": "qilaatersorpoq", "natural": "he drums (MOFO's example, sourced Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from qilaat, 'drum')" }, { "surface": "isersorpoq", "natural": "he uses (his) eyes (MOFO's example, sourced Oqaatsit 1997, from isi, 'eye')" }, { "surface": "sarpissorpoq", "natural": "it is propeller driven (MOFO's example, sourced Oqaatsit 1997, from sarpik, 'propeller, screw')" }, { "surface": "talersorpoq", "natural": "he uses (his) arms (MOFO's example, sourced Oqaatsit 1997, from taleq, 'arm')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/(q)cuq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qilaatersorpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qilaatersorpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qilaatersorpoq" ], "id": "N_cuq_use_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_vala_like_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S is N-like; S is/resembles N (per MOFO, synonymous with N_paluk_Vb's 'S looks/seems/sounds like a(n) N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_vala_like_Vb:69e8d9e44e19", "items": [ { "text": "S is N-like; S is/resembles N (per MOFO, synonymous with N_paluk_Vb's 'S looks/seems/sounds like a(n) N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "MOFO:nv/(q)vala", "Rasmussen1893:imerpalavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:imerpalavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imerpalavoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "+ala" }, "underlying_form": "+vala", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch4 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive (mofodata-mirror tags=[\"stem/nonproductive\"], mofo-mirror HTML grep-confirmed); encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/(q)vala.html, sourced Jonathan Petersen 1967 / Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) states this affix is synonymous with the already-modeled N_paluk_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, MOFO page (q)valuk.html, 'S looks/seems/sounds like an N'); kept as its own entry rather than folded in, matching this repo's established practice of keeping this whole near-synonym family (N_palaaq_seem_Vb/N_pallak_Vb/N_paluk_Vb/N_pasik_Vb) as separate headwords. Unlike the (q)liq/(q)liuq candidates flagged elsewhere in this batch, this affix's own citation form (+palavoq) is phonologically distinct from all four of those -- not a surface-identical case.", "No 'Constituents' decomposition is given on MOFO's own page (unlike (q)liq/(q)liuq); MOFO treats this as a standalone, if non-productive, affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is ___-like; resembles ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is ___-like", "da": "nogen er som ___; nogen ligner ___", "verb_phrase": "be ___-like; resemble ___", "da_short": "nogen er som ___", "composition": { "en": "be ___-like; resemble ___", "da": "nogen er som ___; nogen ligner ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er som ___; ligner ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as being like, or resembling, N; a non-productive near-synonym of N_paluk_Vb. Only one example is attested on MOFO's own page; no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes corroboration was found (searched for 'palavoq'/'imerpalavoq' across all three extract trees).", "examples": [ { "surface": "imerpalavoq", "natural": "it is watery (MOFO's example, sourced Jonathan Petersen 1967, from imeq, 'water' -- i.e. a liquid that is 'like water', the opposite of viscous)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "MOFO:nv/(q)vala", "Rasmussen1893:imerpalavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:imerpalavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imerpalavoq" ], "id": "N_vala_like_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_piaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "Subject is really/exactly N (often used with negation: 'not really N')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-piar", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is N{(q)viaq}V, a nominal-stem variant of the independently-modeled V{(q)viaq}V verbal-graduating affix (this repo's own verbal_modifiers.yaml entry, citing Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12 '+(r)piar-, vb-e bestemt, nøjagtigt') -- same historical root, but a distinct N->V sibling MOFO documents separately, sourced only from Kleinschmidt (1871)/Schultz-Lorentzen (1958), absent from Ordbogeeraq (1967)/Oqaatsit (1997); MOFO's own text: 'presumably not used productively [on nominal stems]'.", "One cited example (qiterpiarpaa) is divalent/transitive despite this affix's own Monovalent MOFO facet -- MOFO's own text flags this as an exceptional, lexicalised usage 'without a valency-increasing morpheme', not the affix's regular pattern; not modeled as a separate schema value here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is really ___; {{Subject}} is exactly ___", "da": "nogen er virkelig ___; nogen er netop ___", "verb_phrase": "be really ___; be exactly ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} is really ___; {{Actor}} is exactly ___", "da_short": "nogen er virkelig ___; nogen er netop ___", "composition": { "en": "be really ___; be exactly ___", "da": "nogen er virkelig ___; nogen er netop ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er virkelig ___; er netop ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject (or, in one lexicalised case, object) as being really, exactly, or precisely N; per MOFO often used with negation for 'not really N'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qiterpiarpaa", "natural": "he divides it exactly at the middle (MOFO's example, sourced to Kleinschmidt 1871, from qiteq, 'middle'; lexicalised divalent usage)" }, { "surface": "amerlarpianngillat", "natural": "they are not really many (MOFO's example, sourced to Kleinschmidt 1871, from amerlaq, 'many', with negation)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/(q)viaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qiterpiarpaa", "Oqaatsit1997:qiterpiarpaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiterpiarpaa" ], "id": "N_piaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_gasaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "there is/are much/many N; S has spots/stains of N (overlapping with the already-modeled N_gasak_Vb, per newer-dictionary usage); also (exclamatory) see how much/many N there is/are!", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_gasaaq_Vb:31465a3dbb53", "items": [ { "text": "there is/are much/many N; S has spots/stains of N (overlapping with the already-modeled N_gasak_Vb, per newer-dictionary usage); also (exclamatory) see how much/many N there is/are!", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/-(q)gasaaq", "Oqaatsit1997:inugasaarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:-rasaarpoq#e13895", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inugasaarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-gasaar", "left_sandhi": "fusional", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is N{-(q)gasaaq}V, built on N{-(q)gasak}V (this repo's N_gasak_Vb) plus V{-aq}V; MOFO's own text: 'Left sandhi is inherited from the left-most component, N{-(q)gasak}V' -- left_sandhi:fusional and boundary_behavior:additive are copied directly from that entry's own already-modeled values rather than asserted independently.", "MOFO documents two senses on one page: (1) an older, Kleinschmidt/Schultz-Lorentzen-sourced EXCLAMATORY avalent sense, 'see how much/many N there is/are!'; (2) per Oqaatsit (1997), used 'synonymously with N{-(q)gasak}V' for the plain avalent/monovalent 'stained/spotted with N' sense. Oqaatsit1997:-rasaarpoq#e13895 independently gives long-vowel anguterasaarpoq ('one can see quite a number of men'), sikorasaarpoq ('scattered ice lies here and there') and taserasaarpoq ('there are lakes around the terrain'). This supports abundance and scattered-occurrence readings with long-vowel -rasaar-, but the row does not specifically gloss a staining sense. Nielsen2012's combined headword ('÷gasag-, ÷gasaar-, være N-plettet', §5.3.1.4.2) lists both spellings, while all its own worked examples (aagasappoq, aputerasappoq, orsorasappoq) are short-vowel -gasak forms. Keep the newer long-vowel usage and MOFO's older exclamatory source evidence distinct; the exact dictionary row does not establish the proposed component analysis or every gloss." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "there is/are much ___; there is/are many ___; {{Subject}} has spots of ___; {{Subject}} has stains of ___; see how much ___ there is/are!; see how many ___ there is/are!", "en_short": "there is/are much ___; there is/are many ___", "da": "der er meget ___; der er mange ___; nogen er tilsølet af ___; (udråb) se hvor meget ___ der er!; (udråb) se hvor mange ___ der er!", "verb_phrase": "there is/are much ___; there is/are many ___; have spots of ___; have stains of ___; see how much ___ there is/are!; see how many ___ there is/are!", "da_short": "der er meget ___; der er mange ___", "composition": { "en": "there is/are much ___; there is/are many ___; {{Subject}} has spots of ___; {{Subject}} has stains of ___; see how much ___ there is/are!; see how many ___ there is/are!", "da": "der er meget ___; der er mange ___; nogen er tilsølet af ___; (udråb) se hvor meget ___ der er!; (udråb) se hvor mange ___ der er!" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "der er meget ___; der er mange ___; er tilsølet af ___; (udråb) se hvor meget ___ der er!; (udråb) se hvor mange ___ der er!" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "avalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO records an older exclamatory abundance sense and a newer usage it calls synonymous with N_gasak_Vb. Oqaatsit1997:-rasaarpoq#e13895 independently exemplifies long-vowel -rasaar- in abundance/scattered-occurrence forms (anguterasaarpoq, sikorasaarpoq, taserasaarpoq); its row does not specifically gloss a staining sense. The older exclamatory examples retain their MOFO-stated Kleinschmidt/Schultz-Lorentzen provenance. This dictionary row supports the long-vowel family and its examples, while leaving the component analysis and the full overlap between -gasaaq and -gasak unresolved.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inugasaarpoq", "natural": "see how many people there are! (MOFO's example, sourced to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from inuk, 'person'; exclamatory sense)" }, { "surface": "orsorasaarpoq", "natural": "see how filled/covered in blubber it is! (MOFO's example, sourced to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from orsoq, 'blubber'; the long vowel distinguishes this from N_gasak_Vb's own short-vowel 'orsorasappoq', 'it has grease stains on it')" }, { "surface": "anguterasaarpoq", "natural": "there are many men (MOFO's example, sourced to Oqaatsit 1997, from {aŋutə}N, 'man'; the overlapping avalent 'spots/many' sense, showing the affix's initial /r/ per N_gasak_Vb's own left sandhi)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-(q)gasaaq", "Oqaatsit1997:inugasaarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:-rasaarpoq#e13895", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inugasaarpoq" ], "id": "N_gasaaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ijak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "Actor is full of N; also, avalently, there is a lot of N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_ijak_Vb:34486e6ec08d", "items": [ { "text": "Actor is full of N; also, avalently, there is a lot of N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/-ijak", "Kleinschmidt1871:inuiappoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:inuiappoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ijak", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION from this repo's own N_iaq_Vb (MOFO's separate -ijaq.html page, 'Agent removes several N from Patient' / 'N is broken'): despite the visually similar bare id, MOFO documents these as two distinct pages with different bracket forms (N{-ijak}V here vs the N{-iq}V-derived N{-ijaq}V there), different meanings, and different sources.", "left_sandhi:irregular is MOFO's own literal facet and its own text's explicit hedge: 'it can either be truncative or seemingly join additively onto consonant stems, (optionally) weakening the consonant... It is not clear what may have caused the affix to behave in one way or the other.' Kleinschmidt1871:inuiappoq#e2511 prints inuiappoq and the provincial inugiappoq. The cited regional variant shows another form, but does not settle a general host-conditioning rule; the template's truncating default remains pending further review.", "MOFO's own page states this is a verbalising variant of the nominal affix N{-ijak}N (this repo's own N_ijak_N, denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml), both descending, per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, from a common root {yaɣ-}." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} is full of ___; there is a lot of ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is full of ___", "da": "nogen er fuld af ___; også: der er meget ___", "verb_phrase": "be full of ___; also, avalently, there is a lot of ___", "da_short": "nogen er fuld af ___", "composition": { "en": "be full of ___; also, avalently, there is a lot of ___", "da": "nogen er fuld af ___; også: der er meget ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er fuld af ___; også: der er meget ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "avalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as being full of, or overflowing with, N; per MOFO also used avalently, 'it's full of N'. Only one example is attested on MOFO's own page.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inugiappoq", "natural": "it is full of people (provincial form, Kleinschmidt1871:inuiappoq#e2511)" }, { "surface": "inuiappoq", "natural": "it's full of people (MOFO's only cited example, sourced to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from inuk, 'person'; avalent usage)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-ijak", "Kleinschmidt1871:inuiappoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:inuiappoq#e2511", "SchultzLorentzen1926:inuiappoq" ], "id": "N_ijak_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_iliqe_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor lacks N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ileqi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "The bare form remains nonproductive on MOFO’s explicit usage prose: nowadays it is not used productively alone except with nominal future N{kcaq}N. The TOML tag is morph/nonproductive, while the HTML groups it under Stem categorisation / Non-productive morpheme; neither tag is an independent dictionary citation. Kleinschmidt .ileqivoq#e9786 records the bare privative and its usual combination with .-ssaq.", "Incoming attachment is truncative under AITWG §2.4 Definition 2.7 for vowel-initial affixes. MOFO Default is an umbrella for predictable additive, epenthetic or phonotactically truncative behavior, not an assertion of additive attachment. The output vowel behavior and lack of special schwa endings are preserved separately below.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is N{-iliqə}V, historically a combination of {ŋit-} ('lack/is without') and {liqə-} -- the latter is, per MOFO's own text, the historical source of this repo's independently-modeled N_lire_Vb (bracket N{-lirə}V), which has since diverged to a different modern meaning ('feels pain in/works with N').", "MOFO's own text: 'nowadays it does not seem to be used productively on its own, except in combination with nominal future affix N{kcaq}N. For the productive form, see the variant N{kcailiqə}V instead' -- that productive combined variant is ALREADY independently modeled in this repo as N_ccailiqe_Vb (underlying_form -ssaaleqi, denominal_verbs.yaml), citing the same MOFO page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/kcailiqə.html) this entry's own bare/non-productive base form feeds into. This entry documents the base form MOFO itself flags as non-productive on its own -- a sibling, not a duplicate, of N_ccailiqe_Vb.", "MOFO's own 'Inflection sandhi' note (recorded in prose only, not asserted as a schema value): despite historically being a schwa-stem, this affix's final vowel does not show the usual schwa-contraction of endings, and behaves like /i/ throughout except that it does not trigger assibilation -- consistent with right_sandhi:none here rather than right_sandhi:assibilation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} lacks ___", "da": "nogen mangler ___", "verb_phrase": "lack ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} lacks ___", "da_short": "nogen mangler ___", "composition": { "en": "lack ___", "da": "nogen mangler ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "mangler ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as lacking N; the non-productive base form of the already-modeled, productive N_ccailiqe_Vb (which combines this affix with the nominal future affix {ccaq}).", "examples": [ { "surface": "puisaaleqinarpoq", "natural": "there is a lack of seals (MOFO's only cited example, sourced to Oqaatsit 1997, from {puəcə}N, 'seal', combined with V{naq}V to make the sentence avalent/impersonal -- that further V{naq}V combination is not itself modeled here)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-iliqə", "AITWG:§2.4", "Kleinschmidt1871:.ileqivoq#e9786" ], "id": "N_iliqe_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_kuuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor discards N (rarely used bare; commonly combines with V{(v)vik}N to mean 'place for discarding N', not modeled here)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_kuuq_Vb:c1526a276798", "items": [ { "text": "Actor discards N (rarely used bare; commonly combines with V{(v)vik}N to mean 'place for discarding N', not modeled here)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/-kuuq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kuuq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch4 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive (mofodata-mirror tags=[\"stem/nonproductive\"], mofo-mirror HTML grep-confirmed); encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own left-sandhi facet is 'Truncative' -- this matches this template's own truncating default, so (unlike this file's N_tu_Vb/N_liuut_Vb) no boundary_behavior override is needed; left_sandhi:truncative is asserted per this repo's established k/q-initial convention.", "MOFO's own etymology: N{-kuq}N ('remains of N') + the generic verbalising declitic *{-Vq}V; not modeled compositionally here. Genuinely distinct from this repo's independently-sourced N_VIA_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, underlying_form '-kkoor', vialis-case verbaliser 'moves via/through N') despite the surface 'koor'/'kuuq' resemblance -- different constituents and meaning, confirmed by separate MOFO pages.", "The earlier search found no independent AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012 entry, but that did not establish independent dictionary evidence absent. Kleinschmidt1871:.koorpoq#e9827 directly defines the disposal suffix. Petersen1951:-koorpoq#e12793 and Petersen1967:-koorpoq#e12815 list bare disposal examples, which also appear in MOFO’s quoted source notes even though its main example list is empty. Preserve this distinction between an empty example list and absent attestation.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.koorpoq#e9827 independently defines disposing of refuse and explicitly forms nuakoorfik, attakoorfik and niaqukoorfik using .Fvik. Petersen1951:-koorpoq#e12793 and Petersen1967:-koorpoq#e12815 list bare disposal forms and + -fik: nuakoorfik; their separate vialis and malukkoorpoq rows are not this disposal sense. The independent whole-word disposal witnesses attest lexical use, not unrestricted present-day productivity, every host boundary or the proposed historical decomposition." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} discards ___", "da": "nogen kasserer ___", "verb_phrase": "discard ___ (rarely used bare; commonly combines with V{(v)vik}N to mean 'place for discarding ___', not modeled here)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} discards ___", "da_short": "nogen kasserer ___", "composition": { "en": "discard ___ (rarely used bare; commonly combines with V{(v)vik}N to mean 'place for discarding ___', not modeled here)", "da": "nogen kasserer ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "kasserer ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Disposal is independently attested by the exact suffix rows and the whole-word witnesses below. Kleinschmidt separately derives place nouns with .Fvik; these are construction evidence, not an independently admitted N-to-N shortcut or a complete host/ending rule.", "examples": [ { "surface": "attakoorpoq", "natural": "throws out refuse; empties the dustbin (SchultzLorentzen1926:attakoorpoq#e242; historical lexical witness, no decomposition asserted)" }, { "surface": "pikoorpoq", "natural": "throws the garbage away; takes out the garbage (Oqaatsit1997:pikoorpoq#e11091; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pikoorpoq#e10403; distinct from giving discarded things away)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-kuuq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.koorpoq#e9827", "Petersen1951:-koorpoq#e12793", "Petersen1967:-koorpoq#e12815", "SchultzLorentzen1926:attakoorpoq#e242", "Oqaatsit1997:pikoorpoq#e11091", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pikoorpoq#e10403" ], "id": "N_kuuq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_liuccuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "Agent makes (several) N from Patient, piece by piece", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_liuccuq_Vb:8b0830b6bb6c", "items": [ { "text": "Agent makes (several) N from Patient, piece by piece", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/-liuccuq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:piliussorpaa#e13950", "Petersen1967:-liúpâ" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-liussor", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "MOFO analyses N{-liuccuq}V as N{-liut(ə)}V ('make into', this repo's N_liut_use_Vb) plus the nonproductive V{(q)cuq}V ('repeated action; piece by piece'); its component list further expands the first part as N{-li}V + V{-(cc)ut(ə)}V. Kleinschmidt1871:.Liuppaa#e9780 directly prints .Liussorpaa and puuliussorpaa ('har gjort flere poser af det / forbrugt det til poser'). This is evidence for the target combination; no new executable decomposition or productivity claim follows.", "MOFO's HTML left-sandhi facet co-lists Truncative/Replacive/VC-deleting, inherited from the leftmost component. The exact Kleinschmidt witness puuliussorpaa confirms the whole piecewise-making word, but does not by itself establish a stem segmentation or choose among those attachment behaviors. Existing executable left_sandhi is retained pending dedicated host-class review." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} makes several ___ from {{Agent}}, piece by piece", "da": "nogen laver (flere) ___ ud af noget, stykke for stykke", "verb_phrase": "make (several) ___ from {{Agent}}, piece by piece", "en_short": "makes several ___ from {{Agent}} else", "da_short": "nogen laver ___ ud af noget, stykke for stykke", "composition": { "en": "make (several) ___ from {{Patient}}, piece by piece", "da": "nogen laver (flere) ___ ud af noget, stykke for stykke" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "laver (flere) ___ ud af noget, stykke for stykke" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 for puuliussorpaa. Kleinschmidt1871:.Liuppaa#e9780 independently prints the same word with making several bags from it / using it up for bags, under .Liussorpaa 'til flere, stykke for stykke'. The nearby piliussorpaa evidence is a different listed word and must not replace this exact target attestation. The sources do not establish unrestricted productive attachment.", "examples": [ { "surface": "puuliussorpaa", "natural": "he has made several bags from it; has used it up for bags (Kleinschmidt1871:.Liuppaa#e9780; also MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; no independent stem decomposition asserted)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-liuccuq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:piliussorpaa#e13950", "Petersen1967:-liúpâ", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Liuppaa#e9780" ], "id": "N_liuccuq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_maaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "ambitransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor is wearing N (non-productive, synonym of one sense of this repo's N_licaaq_Vb); also, in a handful of lexicalised words, Agent shows Patient kindness because he is N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_maaq_Vb:4ec479b859f1", "items": [ { "text": "Actor is wearing N (non-productive, synonym of one sense of this repo's N_licaaq_Vb); also, in a handful of lexicalised words, Agent shows Patient kindness because he is N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/-maaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:eqqarlimaarpaa#e1691", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqarlimaarpaa#e2984", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqarlimaarpaa#e2881" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-maar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch4 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive (mofodata-mirror tags=[\"stem/nonproductive\"], mofo-mirror HTML grep-confirmed); encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Confirmed non-productive: MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-maaq.html) tags this 'Non-productive morpheme', matching the batch pre-check hint for this candidate. MOFO itself flags the two meanings as possibly unrelated ('it is unclear if these meanings are originally from the same morpheme') and calls the second ('shows kindness') 'tentative and derived from a comparison of the lexicalised words' -- both senses are combined in one entry here only because MOFO documents them on a single page, per this repo's own established single-page-combining precedent (see e.g. N_irut_Vb/N_lire_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml).", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found after a real search (grepped docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md and both transcript trees for the affix and every cited example word). MOFO's own sources here (Petersen 1967; Fortescue's 1983 comparative affix manual, a different work from this repo's own Fortescue1984 citation key; and a 2019 Nielsen edition distinct from this repo's cited 2012 edition) are not independently re-verified in this repo's own citable roster.", "The catalogue valency range covers distinct source-listed lexicalized uses: MOFO wearing examples are object-free, while modern eqqarlimaarpaa explicitly has a transitive ending and a kindness recipient. Remove the universal monovalent restriction. This ambitransitive summary does not license free alternation in every sense, productive new noun hosts, or reviewed participant bindings; the shared frame remains unreviewed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} is wearing ___; or shows kindness because he is ___", "da": "nogen har ___ på; også: nogen viser venlighed fordi han er ___", "verb_phrase": "be wearing ___ (non-productive, synonym of one sense of this repo's N_licaaq_Vb); also, in a handful of lexicalised words, {{Agent}} shows {{Actor}} kindness because he is ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is wearing ___", "da_short": "nogen har ___ på", "composition": { "en": "be wearing ___ (non-productive, synonym of one sense of this repo's N_licaaq_Vb); also, in a handful of lexicalised words, {{Actor}} shows {{Patient}} kindness because he is ___", "da": "nogen har ___ på; også: nogen viser venlighed fordi han er ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har ___ på; også: nogen viser venlighed fordi han er ___" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_maaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-maaq", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqarlimaarpaa#e2984", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqarlimaarpaa#e2881" ] }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Primary, better-attested sense: the subject is wearing N (restricted to clothing, per MOFO's own cross-reference to N_licaaq_Vb). The second, purely lexicalised sense ('shows kindness because he is N') is thinly attested with mixed valency across MOFO's own examples (transitive eqqarlimaarpaa, intransitive pimaarpoq) and is summarized by an ambitransitive catalogue range, not a free alternation rule. Participant bindings remain unreviewed.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qaqortumaarpoq", "natural": "he is wearing a white anorak (MOFO's own example, cited there to Petersen 1967, from qaqortoq, 'white one')" }, { "surface": "eqqarlimaarpaa", "natural": "he is kind to him because he is a family member (MOFO's own lexicalised example, cited there to Petersen 1967, from eqqarleq, 'family member'; illustrates the second, transitive-lexicalised sense)" }, { "surface": "pimaarpoq", "natural": "he is kind (to someone) because they are related (MOFO's own example, from the dummy root {pi}N, cited there to Petersen 1967 and lexicalised in Oqaatsit 1997)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-maaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:eqqarlimaarpaa#e1691", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqarlimaarpaa#e2984", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqarlimaarpaa#e2881" ], "id": "N_maaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_sik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S is rather far in the N direction (an old, non-productive affix restricted to spatial/directional nouns; also used more loosely of 'S is rather N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_sik_Vb:dc8d55af8ba0", "items": [ { "text": "S is rather far in the N direction (an old, non-productive affix restricted to spatial/directional nouns; also used more loosely of 'S is rather N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/-sik", "Nielsen2012:§7.3", "Rasmussen1893:kujasippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kujasippoq#e6787", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kujasippoq#e6509" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-sik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-sik.html) records left sandhi 'Truncative, Irregular': on tə-final spatial stems it either elides the /ə/ and attaches directly to /t/ (e.g. {atə}N -> atsippoq), or omits the whole /tə/ syllable (e.g. {kujatə}N -> kujasippoq) -- a stronger deletion than this template's plain truncating default; left_sandhi:truncative is used as the closest existing schema value, with the extra /tə/-omission behaviour recorded here in prose only.", "Right sandhi 'Assibilation (t⇒s)' is MOFO's own literal facet (a true /i/ in the stem may assibilate a following /t/ to /s/, e.g. avasippoq -> avasissoq before V{ðuq}N) -- matches this repo's established amiq/taliq/ukaliq right_sandhi:assibilation family.", "Independently corroborated as a genuine (if non-productive) morpheme by Nielsen2012's own listing among its 'historical affixes' (§7.3): '+sik- Vb_r, er langt mod N; føjes til steds- og retningsangivelser' ('is far towards N; attached to place/direction indicators') -- a terse historical-chapter entry with no worked examples of its own, but its chapter placement independently confirms MOFO's own prose verdict ('an old, non-productive morpheme') even though MOFO's page itself carries no formal Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag for this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is rather far in the ___ direction", "da": "nogen er temmelig langt i retningen ___ (gammel form; bruges også løsere om 'nogen er temmelig ___')", "verb_phrase": "be rather far in the ___ direction (an old, non-productive affix restricted to spatial/directional nouns; also used more loosely of '{{Subject}} is rather ___')", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is rather far in the ___ direction", "da_short": "nogen er temmelig langt i retningen ___", "composition": { "en": "be rather far in the ___ direction (an old, non-productive affix restricted to spatial/directional nouns; also used more loosely of '{{Subject}} is rather ___')", "da": "nogen er temmelig langt i retningen ___ (gammel form; bruges også løsere om 'nogen er temmelig ___')" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er temmelig langt i retningen ___ (gammel form; bruges også løsere om 'nogen er temmelig ___')" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A historical spatial-direction verbaliser: 'is rather far in/to N', restricted to a small set of directional nouns; per MOFO also loosely used on a couple of other stems as 'is rather N'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kujasippoq", "natural": "it lies in the south (from directional stem {kujat(ə)}N, 'area south of'; irregularly formed with loss of the /tə/ syllable)" }, { "surface": "siusippoq", "natural": "it is rather far ahead (from directional stem {sivu}N, 'area forward')" }, { "surface": "qaqqasippoq", "natural": "he is rather far up on the mountain (from qaqqaq, 'mountain')" }, { "surface": "siamasipput", "natural": "they are quite spread-out (from an old base {ciðamət(-)}, 'scatter', per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary; no longer independently attested as a stand-alone stem in modern Greenlandic)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-sik", "Nielsen2012:§7.3", "Rasmussen1893:kujasippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kujasippoq#e6787", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kujasippoq#e6509" ], "id": "N_sik_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_siksi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S has moved farther into the direction N (non-productive, restricted to spatial nouns)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_siksi_Vb:b92bab72751c", "items": [ { "text": "S has moved farther into the direction N (non-productive, restricted to spatial nouns)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/-siksi", "Kleinschmidt1871:atsissivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:atsissivoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-siksi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch4 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive (mofodata-mirror tags=[\"stem/nonproductive\"], mofo-mirror HTML grep-confirmed); encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-siksi.html) analyses this as a straightforward combination of this repo's own N_sik_Vb (above, 'is far in the N direction') plus V{si}V ('has become more', not independently modeled here) -- left sandhi is explicitly inherited from N_sik_Vb's own left_sandhi:truncative ('Left sandhi is inherited from the left-most component'), not independently re-derived here.", "MOFO tags this a non-productive morpheme (Tags/List/stem/nonproductive), found only in a handful of lexicalised forms on directional stems, with one stem (ungasippoq, 'far away') using a different variant, V{li}V, instead -- not modeled here. No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found (searched for 'sigsi'/'siksi'/'sissivoq' in both extract trees)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has moved farther into the direction ___", "da": "nogen har bevæget sig længere i retningen ___", "verb_phrase": "have moved farther into the direction ___ (non-productive, restricted to spatial nouns)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has moved farther into the direction ___", "da_short": "nogen har bevæget sig længere i retningen ___", "composition": { "en": "have moved farther into the direction ___ (non-productive, restricted to spatial nouns)", "da": "nogen har bevæget sig længere i retningen ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har bevæget sig længere i retningen ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having moved farther in the spatial direction named by N; a lexicalised handful of forms only, not a live word-formation pattern.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qatsissivoq", "natural": "he has come higher up (from {qatə}N; also qutsissivoq from {qutə}N, both with elision of /ə/)" }, { "surface": "atsissivoq", "natural": "he has come farther down (from {atə}N, 'area below', with elision of /ə/)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-siksi", "Kleinschmidt1871:atsissivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:atsissivoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.sissivoq#e9993" ], "id": "N_siksi_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_tuau_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "S is the only N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tuau", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-tuau.html) analyses this as a straightforward combination of this repo's own N_tuaq_N (nominal_modifiers.yaml, 'the one and only N; a sole N') plus N_u_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, 'to be (copula)') -- left sandhi is explicitly inherited from N_tuaq_N's own left_sandhi:truncative, per MOFO's own page ('Left sandhi is inherited from the left-most component'), not independently re-derived here; both constituent morphemes are already independently sourced elsewhere in this repo (AITWG-Affixes:p.19/Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2 for N_tuaq_N, Lybech2020/AITWG:§2.4 for N_u_Vb).", "No independent source attests this exact COMBINED N-to-V lexeme as its own headword: grepped docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md and both Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 extract trees for 'tuau'/'tuaavoq'/'suaavoq', no hits. MOFO carries no Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag on this specific page either (none present in the raw HTML), so tail tier here rests on the 'no independent source found' branch of the tiering rule, not a productivity flag." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is the only ___", "da": "nogen er den eneste ___", "verb_phrase": "be the only ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is the only ___", "da_short": "nogen er den eneste ___", "composition": { "en": "be the only ___", "da": "nogen er den eneste ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er den eneste ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as the sole example of N in its context -- the copula-verbalised form of N_tuaq_N ('the only N') above.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qeqertatuaavoq", "natural": "it is the only island (in that area) (from qeqertaq, 'island')" }, { "surface": "aallartutuaavoq", "natural": "he is the only one who is travelling/departing (from aallartoq, 'one who travels/departs')" }, { "surface": "aqqutituaavoq", "natural": "it is the only road (to that place) (from aqqut, 'road')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-tuau", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-tuaavoq" ], "id": "N_tuau_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_uvaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S has (too) much N (non-productive, old dictionary attestation only)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_uvaq_Vb:ad98ed84f6d2", "items": [ { "text": "S has (too) much N (non-productive, old dictionary attestation only)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/-uvaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:imaavarpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:imaavarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-uar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch4 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive (mofodata-mirror tags=[\"stem/nonproductive\"], mofo-mirror HTML grep-confirmed); encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-uvaq.html) records the New-orthography citation as -uarpoq (default) / -avarpoq (after an [a]-final host, via the a-rule assimilating this affix's own initial /u/ to [a] and triggering /v/-epenthesis) -- underlying_form is modeled here as '-uar' to match the actual citation form, rather than MOFO's own bracket notation N{-uvaq}V, which MOFO's own text explicitly flags as an artefact of their citation convention ('this /v/ is not part of the historical form, according to the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary'); per that source this affix in fact derives from {ʀuaq-}.", "MOFO's own page states the meaning is equivalent to -qaqaaq, i.e. this repo's own N_qaq_Vb ('to have; there is/are') plus the postbase V{-qə}V -- a compositional gloss, not modeled as a schema field here.", "Non-productive: MOFO's own page carries the Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag and states it is 'mentioned in older dictionaries, written in the old orthography' only. A real search found no independent corroboration: grepped docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md and both Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 extract trees for the bracket form, the citation forms, and all four of MOFO's own cited example words (neqaavarpoq/imaavarpoq/uuaavarpoq/uinaavarpoq) -- no hits anywhere." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has (too) much ___", "da": "nogen har (for) meget ___", "verb_phrase": "have (too) much ___ (non-productive, old dictionary attestation only)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has much ___", "da_short": "nogen har meget ___", "composition": { "en": "have (too) much ___ (non-productive, old dictionary attestation only)", "da": "nogen har (for) meget ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har (for) meget ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having an excessive or notable amount of N; attested only in a handful of old dictionary entries, all in contexts where the affix's own initial vowel has assimilated to [a].", "examples": [ { "surface": "neqaavarpoq", "natural": "it is meaty; it has much meat, e.g. of a seal (from {nəqə}N, 'meat')" }, { "surface": "imaavarpoq", "natural": "it is too full (from imaq, 'content'; literally 'it has too much content')" }, { "surface": "uuaavarpoq", "natural": "it has too much cod (from {uuvaq}N, 'cod')" }, { "surface": "uinaavarpoq", "natural": "it is (too) meaty; it has much meat on the body (from {uvinək}N, 'meat on the body')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-uvaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:imaavarpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:imaavarpoq" ], "id": "N_uvaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ngiage_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent is dissatisfied with N because of Patient (only attested in one lexicalised word)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngiage", "left_sandhi": "schwa_buffered_truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is N{-ŋiagə}V, a combination of N{-ŋiak}V (this repo's N_ngiak_Vb) and a V-to-V {-gə}V affix (a different, vv-directory morpheme from this repo's own N-to-V N_ge_Vb, despite the identical '-gə' shape). MOFO's own page records Stem type 'ə-stem' and Left sandhi 'Truncative' -- mapped to this repo's established left_sandhi:schwa_buffered_truncative value for true schwa-final N-to-V affixes (N_ge_Vb/N_lire_Vb precedent), and its 'ə-contraction' inflection-sandhi facet (for verb stems ending in -gə/-rə/-qə) to this repo's existing inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion value, the same MOFO-facet mapping already used for the atsigaaq/niutigi entries (kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml; kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml).", "MOFO labels this combination nonproductive and cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958. Kleinschmidt1871:.ngiappoq#e9915 independently prints nominal .ngiappoq ('er ilde fornøjet med sin') and its further-derived .ngiagaa ('på grund af ham/det'), alongside .ngiuppaa ('med hensyn til ham'). Schultz-Lorentzen 1926/1927 also prints sinningiagaa, sinningiuppaa with the grumpy-because-prevented-from-sleeping reading, distinct from ippingiagaa's discomfort/suffering readings. These support the listed historical family and lexical words; they do not establish unrestricted productivity or all current attachment/diathesis claims. Nielsen's ÷ngiek- historical-index line remains unbound.", "The intransitive citation '-ngiaginnippoq' uses the {nnək} HTR-morpheme, the same detransitivising pattern already on this repo's N_ge_Vb ('-ginnippoq'); not modeled as a separate morphology_class.htr_role field, matching that entry's own precedent." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} is dissatisfied with ___ because of {{Agent}}", "da": "nogen er utilfreds med ___ på grund af nogen", "verb_phrase": "be dissatisfied with ___ because of {{Agent}} (only attested in one lexicalised word)", "en_short": "is dissatisfied with ___ because of {{Agent}} else", "da_short": "nogen er utilfreds med ___ på grund af nogen", "composition": { "en": "be dissatisfied with ___ because of {{Patient}} (only attested in one lexicalised word)", "da": "nogen er utilfreds med ___ på grund af nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er utilfreds med ___ på grund af nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Historical dissatisfied-with-N-because-of-Patient family, explicitly mentioned under Kleinschmidt1871:.ngiappoq#e9915. Listed lexical witnesses include ippingiagaa (bothered by/suffering from it) and the combined sinningiagaa, sinningiuppaa entry (grumpy with him because he will not let him sleep). The lexical readings and alternative analyses remain distinct; productive attachment is not asserted.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ippingiagaa", "natural": "he is bothered by it (MOFO's own example, sourced to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; compare ippingiappoq under N_ngiak_Vb, from the same unattested base)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-ŋiagə", "Kleinschmidt1871:ippingiagaa", "Oqaatsit1997:ippingiagaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ippingiagaa", "Kleinschmidt1871:.ngiappoq#e9915", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sinningiagaa, sinningiuppaa#e16105", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sinningiagaa, sinningiuppaa#e16105" ], "id": "N_ngiage_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ngiak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor is dissatisfied with N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngiak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "The quoted bracket N{-ŋiak}V begins with ŋ, not k. AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 names /ŋ/ among the consonant-initial truncative class; this corrects the onset rationale without changing the existing selector. MOFO’s own -ŋiak page records Truncative left sandhi and Default/none right and inflection facets; those are supplementary source observations, not new lexical approval.", "Non-productive (MOFO's own tag), sourced only to Kleinschmidt (1871) and Schultz-Lorentzen (1958). No independent corroboration was found in Nielsen2012's §7.3 historical-affix index (docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/7.3-historiske-tilhaeng.md) or Bjornum2012 -- searched for 'ngiag'/'ngiap'/'÷ngiak' in both extract trees.", "N{-ŋiagə}V (this repo's N_ngiage_Vb) and N{-ŋiut(ə)}V (N_ngiut_Vb) are both compositionally built on this affix, per MOFO's own Constituents rows on those pages; the sinningiappoq/sinningiuppaa example pair (here and on N_ngiut_Vb), both from the same {sinək}N 'sleep' root, independently illustrates that family relationship.", "morphology_class.stem_type:velar_final_stem (oq#380 follow-up round): once this affix attaches, the resulting derived verb ends in a real, phonologically active /k/ (its own underlying_form's final letter), same Definition 3.9 reasoning as N_katak_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml). Confirmed against the entry's own cited nunangiappoq: nuna + ngiak -> nunangiak (k-final), + V_IND_INTR_3SG's consonant-initial allomorph 'poq' needs k+p -> pp to reach the attested nunangiappoq, not nunangiakpoq. Compatible with this entry's own explicit right_sandhi:none/inflection_sandhi:none (both map to the same no-op join value the Definition 3.9 branch itself gates on, confirmed via direct engine testing)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} is dissatisfied with ___", "da": "nogen er utilfreds med ___", "verb_phrase": "be dissatisfied with ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is dissatisfied with ___", "da_short": "nogen er utilfreds med ___", "composition": { "en": "be dissatisfied with ___", "da": "nogen er utilfreds med ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er utilfreds med ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent", "stem_type": "velar_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as dissatisfied, troubled, or displeased with N; non-productive, attested only in a handful of lexicalised words.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nunangiappoq", "natural": "he is dissatisfied with his place (MOFO's own example, sourced to Kleinschmidt 1871, from nuna 'land')" }, { "surface": "sangiappoq", "natural": "he is jealous (MOFO's own example, sourced to Kleinschmidt 1871, from sak 'front': lit. 'dissatisfied with the one standing before him = his wife', per Kleinschmidt)" }, { "surface": "sinningiappoq", "natural": "he complains about having been woken up; is grumpy from lack of sleep (MOFO's own example, sourced to Kleinschmidt 1871, from {sinək}N 'sleep')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-ŋiak", "Kleinschmidt1871:sangiappoq#e7431", "Oqaatsit1997:sangiappoq#e14241", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sangiappoq#e13344" ], "id": "N_ngiak_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ngijaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent removes (several) N from Patient -- cleans it of N, or cuts N off it, presumably requiring multiple movements", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_ngijaq_Vb:c26535f62844", "items": [ { "text": "Agent removes (several) N from Patient -- cleans it of N, or cuts N off it, presumably requiring multiple movements", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/-ŋijaq", "Nielsen2012:§7.3", "Rasmussen1893:allungiarpoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngijaq", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own page states left sandhi 'is inherited from the left-most component, N{-ŋiq}V' (this repo's N_ngiq_Vb, drafted alongside this entry), and its own top-level facet row independently states 'Truncative, Irregular' -- left_sandhi:irregular is used to record N_ngiq_Vb's own idiosyncratic /ə/-quality and stem-shape-dependent deletion pattern directly, per the schema's own literal 'irregular' enum value.", "Non-productive per MOFO's existing tag. MOFO draws a parallel between this derivation from N_ngiq_Vb and N{-ijaq}V from N{-iq}V. The plain vowel-initial members are already represented by N_iaq_Vb and N_iq_Vb. N_iaq_Vb explicitly cites the same MOFO nv/-ijaq.html page and Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1/§5.3.1.8.2.1 for transitive removal and non-HTR broken/damaged constructions. This component binding does not conflate the ng-initial and vowel-initial families or transfer every host, HTR or productivity property between them.", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_iaq_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, AITWG-Affixes-sourced, bracket N{-iaq}V, 'A removes several N's from P'): a close semantic parallel but a formally and etymologically distinct morpheme (the ŋ-initial, historically {ŋiʀ-}-derived family vs. the plain vowel-initial one), independently attested on separate MOFO pages.", "A plausible Nielsen2012 match exists in the §7.3 historical-affix index: '÷ngiar- Vb_r *renser for N*' ('cleans [it] of N', docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/7.3-historiske-tilhaeng.md) -- the bare-affix spelling and gloss line up well with this entry's own -ngiarpaa/'cleans it of N' sense, so it is cited as weak independent corroboration, though that source list gives no worked example to compare directly." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Agent}} cleans ___ off {{Patient}}; {{Agent}} cuts ___ off {{Patient}} (several)", "en_short": "{{Agent}} cleans ___ off {{Patient}}; {{Agent}} cuts ___ off {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen fjerner (flere) ___ fra noget -- renser det for ___, eller skærer ___ af det", "verb_phrase": "remove (several) ___ from {{Patient}} -- clean {{Patient}} of ___, or cut ___ off {{Patient}}, presumably requiring multiple movements", "da_short": "nogen fjerner ___ fra noget -- renser det for ___", "composition": { "en": "remove (several) ___ from {{Patient}} -- clean {{Patient}} of ___, or cut ___ off {{Patient}}, presumably requiring multiple movements", "da": "nogen fjerner (flere) ___ fra noget -- renser det for ___, eller skærer ___ af det" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "fjerner (flere) ___ fra noget -- renser det for ___, eller skærer ___ af det" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as removing, cleaning off, or cutting away (several instances of) N from the Patient. Diathesis: Patientive (NAP) per MOFO -- not modeled, this schema has no diathesis field (see this repo's tuni entry for the out-of-scope precedent).", "examples": [ { "surface": "issingiarpaa", "natural": "he squeezes the juice from it (MOFO's own example, sourced to Kleinschmidt 1871, from {əvsəq}N 'juice')" }, { "surface": "sillingiarpaa", "natural": "he cleans it (a lamp) of sediment (MOFO's own example, sourced to Kleinschmidt 1871, from {sivli}N 'sediment in a lamp'; MOFO's own text flags this as a 'strangely formed' word since there is no reason the ŋ-initial variant would be preferred here)" }, { "surface": "allungiarpoq", "natural": "he removes the dirt from his feet (MOFO's own example, sourced to Kleinschmidt 1871; compare allungiartorfik, 'door mat')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-ŋijaq", "Nielsen2012:§7.3", "Rasmussen1893:allungiarpoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.1" ], "id": "N_ngijaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ngiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent positions himself in/at the N of Patient (with spatial nouns); in a few lexicalised forms, Agent deprives Patient of N (cf. the productive sibling N_iq_Vb); used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme, 'Actor=Patient has lost N'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_ngiq_Vb:beb7b1ffd191", "items": [ { "text": "Agent positions himself in/at the N of Patient (with spatial nouns); in a few lexicalised forms, Agent deprives Patient of N (cf. the productive sibling N_iq_Vb); used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme, 'Actor=Patient has lost N'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/-ŋiq", "Kleinschmidt1871:atangerpaa#e1210", "Oqaatsit1997:atangerpaa#e2241", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atangerpaa#e2201" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nger", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Exact modern atangerpaa rows corroborate the existing finds-oneself-at-the-foot-of-a-mountain lexical example, alongside Klein e1210. They do not independently approve every positional/deprivation sense, irregular schwa realization or productive attachment; the nonproductive scope remains.", "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "COMBINED entry: MOFO's own single page for N{-ŋiq}V lists all three senses together (positional, deprive, has-lost), the same combining precedent this repo already uses for its AITWG-Affixes-sourced multi-sense entries (N_irut_Vb, N_lire_Vb, N_siuq_Vb, N_licaq_Vb, N_iaq_Vb, denominal_verbs.yaml).", "This is the genuine gap explicitly flagged twice elsewhere in this repo's own existing data: N_iq_Vb's own notes (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) name 'the non-productive variant N{-ŋiq}V (not modeled here)', and N_nngiq_Vb's own notes (denominal_verbs.yaml, an unrelated double-ŋ affix, 'S likes/is crazy about N') separately read this same MOFO page and flagged it as 'likely a MOFO page covering a distinct but homographic {-ŋiq} morpheme', declining to adopt its facets there rather than creating this entry. Both cross-references should ideally now point here.", "left_sandhi:irregular directly transcribes MOFO's own top-level facet ('Truncative, Irregular'): on ə-final stems the schwa surfaces as [a] rather than the expected [i] (e.g. qulə -> qulangerpaa, atə -> atangerpaa), while ək/əq-final stems simply lose the final consonant -- an idiosyncratic pattern MOFO itself distinguishes from the clean vowel-initial truncative default.", "right_sandhi is left UNSET rather than asserted as assibilation: MOFO's own page hedges this explicitly ('It is not directly described anywhere that this affix has assibilation... but since it is a variant of N{-iq}V, which does have assibilation, the present affix presumably does too') -- no example among those given shows an actually-assibilated form, so this repo declines to assert a presumed-not-attested fact as a schema value, per its own established discipline elsewhere." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} positions himself at the ___ of {{Agent}}; loses ___", "en_short": "positions himself at the ___ of {{Agent}} else", "da": "nogen placerer sig ved ___ (om stedord); i nogle faste udtryk: nogen fratager nogen ___", "verb_phrase": "position himself in the ___ of {{Agent}}; position himself at the ___ of {{Patient}}; in a few lexicalised forms, {{Actor}} deprives {{Agent}} of ___ (cf. the productive sibling N_iq_Vb); used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme, '{{Patient}}={{Patient}} has lost ___' (with spatial nouns)", "da_short": "nogen placerer sig ved ___", "composition": { "en": "position himself in the ___ of {{Patient}}; position himself at the ___ of {{Patient}}; in a few lexicalised forms, {{Actor}} deprives {{Patient}} of ___ (cf. the productive sibling N_iq_Vb); used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme, '{{Actor}}={{Patient}} has lost ___' (with spatial nouns)", "da": "nogen placerer sig ved ___ (om stedord); i nogle faste udtryk: nogen fratager nogen ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "placerer sig ved ___ (om stedord); i nogle faste udtryk: nogen fratager nogen ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Three related senses per MOFO's own single-page treatment: (1) with spatial nouns, 'positions himself in/at the N of Patient' (viewable as a specialisation of sense 2, 'depriving' Patient of the space by invading it); (2) a handful of lexicalised 'deprives P of N' forms (for the productive equivalent, see N_iq_Vb); (3) intransitively, without an HTR-morpheme, 'has lost N'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "atangerpaa", "natural": "he stands below it, at the foot of it -- e.g. a mountain (MOFO's own example, sourced to Kleinschmidt 1871, from {atə}N 'area below'; illustrates the ə->[a] left-sandhi pattern)" }, { "surface": "issingerpaa", "natural": "he squeezes the juice out of it, a fruit (MOFO's own example, sourced to Kleinschmidt 1871, lexicalised, from {əvsəq}N 'juice'; 'deprive' sense)" }, { "surface": "nipangerpoq", "natural": "he shuts up (MOFO's own example, sourced to Kleinschmidt 1871, from {nəpə}N 'voice', lit. 'deprived of his voice'; intransitive 'has lost N' sense)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-ŋiq", "Kleinschmidt1871:atangerpaa#e1210", "Oqaatsit1997:atangerpaa#e2241", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atangerpaa#e2201" ], "id": "N_ngiq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ngiut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent is dissatisfied with N with respect to/because of Patient (only attested in one lexicalised word)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngiut", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is N{-ŋiut(ə)}V, an 'irregular combination' of N{-ŋiak}V (this repo's N_ngiak_Vb) and V{-(cc)ut(ə)}V ('with respect to Patient') -- the same right-hand t(ə)-final component already modeled on this repo's tunniut/N_irut_Vb/N_liqngusaut_Vb/N_liuut_Vb entries, all sharing right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering for the identical /t/-plus-following-consonant assimilation (t+p->pp, t+s->ss, visible in -ngiuppaa/-ngiussivoq); left_sandhi:truncative matches MOFO's own plain 'Truncative' facet and N_liqngusaut_Vb's own precedent for this same component combination.", "Non-productive (MOFO's own tag); only one example is attested, sourced to Schultz-Lorentzen (1958), built on the same {sinək}N 'sleep' root as N_ngiak_Vb's own sinningiappoq example -- MOFO's own page cross-references the two directly. Schultz-Lorentzen glosses the whole combination as synonymous with N_ngiage_Vb ('is dissatisfied with N because of Patient'); Kleinschmidt gives a slightly different gloss ('with respect to Patient') but no translated example of his own.", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sinningiagaa, sinningiuppaa#e16105 and SchultzLorentzen1927:sinningiagaa, sinningiuppaa#e16105 directly corroborate the historical lexical reading 'is grumpy with him because he will not let him sleep'. These combined-headword rows support this word and reading, not unrestricted attachment. Nielsen's historical index has no ÷ngiut- line; that narrower negative observation does not imply absence of independent lexical corroboration. Modern thought-caused wakefulness and Petersen's -ngerpoq + -uppaa family remain separate sense/identity questions." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} is dissatisfied with ___ because of {{Agent}}", "da": "nogen er utilfreds med ___ i forhold til nogen; nogen er utilfreds med ___ på grund af nogen", "verb_phrase": "be dissatisfied with ___ with respect to {{Agent}}; be dissatisfied with ___ because of {{Patient}}", "en_short": "is dissatisfied with ___ because of {{Agent}} else", "da_short": "med ___ i forhold til nogen; på grund af nogen", "composition": { "en": "be dissatisfied with ___ with respect to {{Patient}}; be dissatisfied with ___ because of {{Patient}}", "da": "med ___ i forhold til nogen; på grund af nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er utilfreds med ___ i forhold til nogen; er utilfreds med ___ på grund af nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Agent as dissatisfied with, or troubled by, N in connection with the Patient; only attested in one lexicalised word, on the same root as N_ngiak_Vb's sinningiappoq.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sinningiuppaa", "natural": "he is angry at her because she will not let him sleep (MOFO's own example, sourced to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from {sinək}N 'sleep')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/-ŋiut(ə)", "Oqaatsit1997:sinningiuppaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sinningiuppaa", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sinningiagaa, sinningiuppaa#e16105", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sinningiagaa, sinningiuppaa#e16105" ], "id": "N_ngiut_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_ccaisuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "Actor fetches a(n) N that he is missing/lacking (implies acquiring something needed for a purpose)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssaasor", "left_sandhi": "default", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is N{kcaq}N ('future N', this repo's existing N_kcaq_N, nominal_modifiers.yaml) + N{-isuq}V ('S fetches N', this repo's independently-sourced N_isuq_Vb, denominal_verbs.yaml) -- a real compound, not a MOFO-cited duplicate of N_isuq_Vb: this affix adds the 'missing/lacking' implicature the bare -isuq affix lacks.", "AITWG-Affixes' own Chapter 5 (docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md §5.5) attests the plain N{-isuq}V component as its own headword but lists no separate kcaq-compound headword; no independent source for the compound itself was found after checking that full chapter and both the Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 extract trees for 'ssaasor'/'isuq'." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} fetches a(n) ___ that he is missing; {{Actor}} fetches a(n) ___ that he is lacking", "da": "nogen henter en ___ han mangler", "verb_phrase": "fetch a(n) ___ that he is missing; fetch a(n) ___ that he is lacking", "en_short": "{{Actor}} fetches a ___ that he is missing; {{Actor}} fetches a ___ that he is lacking", "da_short": "nogen henter en ___ han mangler", "composition": { "en": "fetch a(n) ___ that he is missing; fetch a(n) ___ that he is lacking", "da": "nogen henter en ___ han mangler" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "henter en ___ han mangler" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikiortissaasorpoq", "natural": "he goes to get help (from ikiorti, 'helper' -- literally 'he fetches a helper he needs')" }, { "surface": "atisassaasorpoq", "natural": "he fetches changing clothes (from atisat, pl. 'clothes')" }, { "surface": "siniffissaasorpoq", "natural": "he fetches a bed, to sleep in (from siniffik, 'bed')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/kcaisuq", "Oqaatsit1997:-ssaasorpoq" ], "id": "N_ccaisuq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_luaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor is dissatisfied with N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-luar", "left_sandhi": "default", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO itself tags this affix stem/nonproductive and records only two consonant-stem attestations pulling in OPPOSITE directions -- ningaaluarpoq (from ningaaq, truncative) vs ukuarluarpoq (from ukuaq, additive) -- and explicitly registers the left-sandhi as plain default/additive precisely because neither behaviour is productive; boundary_behavior:additive here follows MOFO's own registered default, not a resolution of that conflict.", "DISAMBIGUATION: not the same affix as the unrelated, independently-modeled V-to-V '-galuarpoq/-lluarpoq' ('although'/'well') family attested throughout the Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 extract trees (e.g. docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md) -- a citation-spelling homograph only, deliberately not cited as corroboration. No independent source for THIS N-to-V 'dissatisfied with N' sense was found in either extract tree or in AITWG-Affixes' own verbalisers chapter." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} is dissatisfied with ___", "da": "nogen er utilfreds med ___", "verb_phrase": "be dissatisfied with ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is dissatisfied with ___", "da_short": "nogen er utilfreds med ___", "composition": { "en": "be dissatisfied with ___", "da": "nogen er utilfreds med ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er utilfreds med ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "piluarpoq", "natural": "he is dissatisfied (with something) (from the dummy root {pi}N, giving the affix's pure meaning)" }, { "surface": "neqiluarpoq", "natural": "he is picky with the food (from neqi, 'meat/food')" }, { "surface": "nunaluarpoq", "natural": "he is dissatisfied with (his) settlement, the place where he lives (from nuna, 'land')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/luaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:piluarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:piluarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piluarpoq" ], "id": "N_luaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_luar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent finds Patient a dissatisfying N (lexicalised combination of the non-productive N{luaq}V, 'Actor is dissatisfied with N', + V{-gə}V, 'Agent considers Patient (too) Vb-ing')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_luar_Vb:c4ce0ba1e560", "items": [ { "text": "Agent finds Patient a dissatisfying N (lexicalised combination of the non-productive N{luaq}V, 'Actor is dissatisfied with N', + V{-gə}V, 'Agent considers Patient (too) Vb-ing')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/luarə", "Kleinschmidt1871:piluaraa", "Oqaatsit1997:piluaraa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piluaraa" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-luar", "left_sandhi": "default", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own left sandhi is inherited from its left-most component, N{luaq}V (itself non-productive, not modeled in this repo); MOFO's own facet is plain 'Default', so boundary_behavior:additive overrides this template's truncating default. No non-lexicalised host example exists to test consonant-final-stem behaviour -- MOFO's sole example is built on the dummy root {pi}N.", "Stem type 'ə-stem'/'ə-contraction' per MOFO's own facets grounds inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion, but unlike this repo's atsigaaq/niutigi (kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml), neither MOFO citation form (-luaraa, -luarinnippoq) shows a residual pre-contraction vowel, so underlying_form is left at the bare consonant-final '-luar' rather than asserting a specific pre-fusion vowel.", "MOFO's own citation line uses a leading hyphen (-luaraa) despite its 'Default'/additive left-sandhi facet -- the same hyphen-vs-additive tension already flagged and resolved in MOFO's favour on this repo's N_nnak_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} finds {{Agent}} a dissatisfying ___", "da": "nogen synes nogen er en utilfredsstillende ___", "verb_phrase": "find {{Agent}} a dissatisfying ___ (lexicalised combination of the non-productive N{luaq}V, '{{Actor}} is dissatisfied with ___', + V{-gə}V, '{{Agent}} considers {{Patient}} (too) ___-ing')", "en_short": "{{Patient}} finds {{Agent}} a", "da_short": "nogen synes nogen er en utilfredsstillende ___", "composition": { "en": "find {{Patient}} a dissatisfying ___ (lexicalised combination of the non-productive N{luaq}V, '{{Actor}} is dissatisfied with ___', + V{-gə}V, '{{Actor}} considers {{Patient}} (too) ___-ing')", "da": "nogen synes nogen er en utilfredsstillende ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "synes nogen er en utilfredsstillende ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive per MOFO's own tag; recorded in dictionaries with no worked examples of its own beyond the lexicalised one below. Per MOFO, used intransitively (without an Agent) the diathesis is reflexive/reciprocal.", "examples": [ { "surface": "piluaraa", "natural": "he is dissatisfied with it (MOFO's own example, lexicalised from the dummy root {pi}N, giving the affix's pure meaning; MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/luarə", "Kleinschmidt1871:piluaraa", "Oqaatsit1997:piluaraa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piluaraa" ], "id": "N_luar_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_miugi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "Agent has Patient as an inhabitant of his N (metaphorical 'has it in his N'); Patient inhabits Agent's N (lexicalised combination of N{miu}N, 'inhabitant of', this repo's N_miu_N, + N{-gə}V, the verbal-possessive affix already modeled as N_ge_Vb)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_miugi_Vb:6b50e25cdef6", "items": [ { "text": "Agent has Patient as an inhabitant of his N (metaphorical 'has it in his N'); Patient inhabits Agent's N (lexicalised combination of N{miu}N, 'inhabitant of', this repo's N_miu_N, + N{-gə}V, the verbal-possessive affix already modeled as N_ge_Vb)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/miugə", "Kleinschmidt1871:uummammiugaa", "Oqaatsit1997:uummammiugaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uummammiugaa" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "assimilative", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+miugi", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Left sandhi is inherited from the left-most component, N{miu}N (this repo's N_miu_N, denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) per MOFO's own page; boundary_behavior:assimilative matches N_miu_N's own established mapping, directly attested here by the tə-stem example uummammiugaa (from uummat(ə), 'heart'): the schwa-eliding affix attaches directly to the stem's final /t/, which then assimilates to the following /m/ (giving [mm]) -- the same /k/+/m/->[mm] pattern N_miu_N's own Nuummiut example shows.", "underlying_form '+miugi' (schwa respelled 'i') follows this repo's atsigaaq/niutigi precedent for the {-gə}-family schwa_vowel_fusion contraction (kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml), directly attested by the citation form '+miuginnippoq' (schwa surfacing as 'i' before the HTR ending) -- diverging from this repo's independently-sourced N_ge_Vb, which spells the same bare suffix's schwa as 'e' ('-ge'); flagged, not silently reconciled." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Agent}} has {{Patient}} as an inhabitant of {{Agent}}'s ___", "en_short": "{{Agent}} has {{Patient}} as an inhabitant of {{Agent}}'s ___", "da": "nogen har nogen som beboer i ___", "verb_phrase": "have {{Patient}} as an inhabitant of {{Agent}}'s ___ (metaphorical 'has {{Patient}} in {{Agent}}'s ___'); {{Patient}} inhabits {{Agent}}'s ___ (lexicalised combination of N{miu}N, 'inhabitant of', this repo's N_miu_N, + N{-gə}V, the verbal-possessive affix already modeled as N_ge_Vb)", "da_short": "nogen har nogen som beboer i ___", "composition": { "en": "have {{Patient}} as an inhabitant of {{Agent}}'s ___ (metaphorical 'has {{Patient}} in {{Agent}}'s ___'); {{Patient}} inhabits {{Agent}}'s ___ (lexicalised combination of N{miu}N, 'inhabitant of', this repo's N_miu_N, + N{-gə}V, the verbal-possessive affix already modeled as N_ge_Vb)", "da": "nogen har nogen som beboer i ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har nogen som beboer i ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found (searched docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md and both transcribed extract trees for 'miu'/'inhabit' in this verbal-possessive sense; both sources only attest the related but distinct nominal N{miu}N/N{mioq}N 'inhabitant of' affix, already modeled as this repo's N_miu_N).", "examples": [ { "surface": "qanermiugaa", "natural": "he has it in his mouth, of a word (MOFO's own example, from qaneq, 'mouth'; MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871)" }, { "surface": "uummammiugaa", "natural": "he has it in his heart, metaphorically (MOFO's own example, from uummat, 'heart', a tə-stem, illustrating the schwa-eliding, assimilative join)" }, { "surface": "kaasarfimmiugaa", "natural": "he has it in his pocket (MOFO's own example, from kaasarfik, 'pocket'; MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/miugə", "Kleinschmidt1871:uummammiugaa", "Oqaatsit1997:uummammiugaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uummammiugaa" ], "id": "N_miugi_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_miuliut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "Agent puts Patient in his N; Agent makes Patient into an inhabitant of his own N (lexicalised combination of N{miu}N, 'inhabitant of', this repo's N_miu_N, + N{-liut(ə)}V, 'make into/use as', this repo's N_liut_use_Vb)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_miuliut_Vb:83aed645bdbb", "items": [ { "text": "Agent puts Patient in his N; Agent makes Patient into an inhabitant of his own N (lexicalised combination of N{miu}N, 'inhabitant of', this repo's N_miu_N, + N{-liut(ə)}V, 'make into/use as', this repo's N_liut_use_Vb)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/miuliut(ə)", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kaasarfimmiuliuppaa" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "assimilative", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+miuliut", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Left sandhi is inherited from N{miu}N (this repo's N_miu_N), the same assimilative join independently attested on this file's sibling N_miugi_Vb above; the sole example here (kaasarfimmiuliuppaa, from kaasarfik, 'pocket', a k-final stem) shows the same /k/+/m/->[mm] pattern.", "Right sandhi and inflection sandhi are inherited from the right-most component, N{-liut(ə)}V (this repo's N_liut_use_Vb, denominal_verbs.yaml); right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering matches that entry's own value for the identical t(ə)-final family (citation -liuppaa/-liuussivoq, /t/+/p/->pp, /t/+/s/->ss).", "DISAMBIGUATION -- distinct from this repo's N_liuut_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, double /u/, N{-liuut(ə)}V, 'Agent makes N for Patient', built on N{-liuq}V instead): this entry's own bracket form is single-/u/ N{miuliut(ə)}V, built on N{miu}N + N{-liut(ə)}V -- MOFO independently catalogues these as separate pages, matching the same single-/u/-vs-double-/u/ split this repo's own N_liut_use_Vb/N_liuut_Vb pair already documents." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Agent}} makes {{Patient}} into an inhabitant of {{Agent}}'s ___", "en_short": "{{Agent}} makes {{Patient}} into an inhabitant of {{Agent}}'s ___", "da": "nogen sætter nogen i ___; nogen gør nogen til beboer i ___", "verb_phrase": "put {{Patient}} in {{Agent}}'s ___; make {{Patient}} into an inhabitant of {{Agent}}'s ___ (lexicalised combination of N{miu}N, 'inhabitant of', this repo's N_miu_N, + N{-liut(ə)}V, 'make into/use as', this repo's N_liut_use_Vb)", "da_short": "nogen sætter nogen i ___", "composition": { "en": "put {{Patient}} in {{Agent}}'s ___; make {{Patient}} into an inhabitant of {{Agent}}'s ___ (lexicalised combination of N{miu}N, 'inhabitant of', this repo's N_miu_N, + N{-liut(ə)}V, 'make into/use as', this repo's N_liut_use_Vb)", "da": "nogen sætter nogen i ___; nogen gør nogen til beboer i ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "sætter nogen i ___; gør nogen til beboer i ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The MOFO meaning list gives kaasarfimmiuliuppaa, he puts it in his own pocket. Its notes additionally print Petersen forms nasarmiuliuppaa, assammiuliuppaa, qarasarmiuliuppaa and iigarmiuliuppaa; the pocket example is therefore not the only attested form. These listed forms do not establish an unrestricted productive rule.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kaasarfimmiuliuppaa", "natural": "he puts it in his own pocket (MOFO meaning-list example from kaasarfik, pocket; independently printed in Schultz-Lorentzen 1926 and 1927)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/miuliut(ə)", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kaasarfimmiuliuppaa", "Petersen1951:-miuliuppaa#e12934", "Petersen1967:-miuliuppaa#e12945", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kaasarfimmiuliuppaa#e8678" ], "id": "N_miuliut_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_nit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S smells/tastes like N (also, per MOFO, in some cases 'resembles N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_nit_Vb:8ed0030ae839", "items": [ { "text": "S smells/tastes like N (also, per MOFO, in some cases 'resembles N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/nit", "SchultzLorentzen1926:mikiarnippoq#e10423", "Oqaatsit1997:mikiarnippoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mikiarnippoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nit", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Non-productive per MOFO's own tag; found only in a few lexicalised forms, most notably this repo's own N_sunnit_Vb (N{sunnit}V, 'there is a smell of N'), which MOFO's own page names as the still-productive combination built on this bare affix -- a genuinely different bracket form (nit vs sunnit), not a duplicate, the same disambiguation discipline this repo already applies to N_iq_Vb vs N_iaq_Vb.", "right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision matches N_sunnit_Vb's own value for the identical MOFO facet ('tð⇒ts'), consistent with this repo's established right_sandhi family (N_tu_Vb, N_kit_Vb, N_sunnit_Vb)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} smells like, or resembles, ___; {{Subject}} tastes like, or resembles, ___", "da": "nogen lugter af ___; nogen smager af ___", "verb_phrase": "smell like ___; taste like ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} smells like, or resembles, ___; {{Actor}} tastes like, or resembles, ___", "da_short": "nogen lugter af ___; nogen smager af ___", "composition": { "en": "smell like ___; taste like ___", "da": "nogen lugter af ___; nogen smager af ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "lugter af ___; smager af ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive; MOFO's own two examples are both lexicalised, with an uncertain root segmentation flagged by MOFO itself for at least one.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qallunarnippoq", "natural": "it smells/tastes foreign (MOFO's own example, lexicalised, root apparently related to qallunaaq, 'Dane/European'; MOFO cites Petersen 1967)" }, { "surface": "mikiarnippoq", "natural": "it smells fermented/rotten (MOFO's own example, from mikiaq, 'fermented meat'; MOFO cites Petersen 1967)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/nit", "SchultzLorentzen1926:mikiarnippoq#e10423", "Oqaatsit1997:mikiarnippoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mikiarnippoq" ], "id": "N_nit_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_nniqsaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor shows himself as a(n) N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nniqsaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Incoming attachment is phonotactically truncative under AITWG Definition 2.4 because the fixed morphemic form begins with two consonants. MOFO's Default label includes this predictable behavior; it does not mean additive in every entry. This does not make the lexicalized affix productive or establish new outgoing stem rules.", "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Non-productive per MOFO's own tag; attested only in Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, with a single example and no other source. MOFO's own text considers, then explicitly rejects as too speculative, a historical link to the unrelated verb-to-verb V{(n)niq}V (which attaches to VERBAL, not nominal, stems) -- not modeled here as a compositional field, matching MOFO's own hedge.", "The fixed initial /nn/ in MOFO's form nniqsaaq determines incoming truncation. The source's proposed historical constituents remain explicitly uncertain; no decomposition is admitted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} shows himself as a(n) ___", "da": "nogen viser sig som en ___", "verb_phrase": "show himself as a(n) ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} shows himself as a ___", "da_short": "nogen viser sig som en ___", "composition": { "en": "show himself as a(n) ___", "da": "nogen viser sig som en ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "viser sig som en ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive; MOFO's sole example is lexicalised.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ikinngutinnersaarpoq", "natural": "he shows himself as a friend (MOFO's own, and only attested, example, from ikinngut, 'friend'; MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "MOFO:nv/nniqsaaq" ], "id": "N_nniqsaaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_qqusiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor is a false N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qquser", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Incoming attachment is phonotactically truncative under AITWG Definition 2.4 because the fixed morphemic form begins with two consonants. MOFO's Default label includes this predictable behavior; it does not mean additive in every entry. This does not make the lexicalized affix productive or establish new outgoing stem rules.", "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own page: 'a non-productive affix mentioned in Schultz-Lorentzen and Ordbogeeraq with a few examples', relating it to N{-rusiq}N but flagging it as unverifiable against the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary. right_sandhi:assibilation is MOFO's own literal facet (true /i/ in the stem assibilates a following /t/ to /s/, e.g. the participle -qqusersoq), matching this repo's existing amiq/taliq/ukaliq family." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} is a false ___", "da": "nogen er en falsk ___", "verb_phrase": "be a false ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is a false ___", "da_short": "nogen er en falsk ___", "composition": { "en": "be a false ___", "da": "nogen er en falsk ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er en falsk ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as being a false or sham N. No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found after a real search (grepped 'qquser'/'qqusiq' across docs/affixlist/, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/, and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/; the only hit was the unrelated word aqqusineq, 'road/path', a coincidental substring match). MOFO itself tags this a non-productive morpheme.", "examples": [ { "surface": "peqquserpoq", "natural": "he is false (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from the dummy root {pi}N, giving the affix's pure meaning)" }, { "surface": "pruffiitioqquserpoq", "natural": "he is a false prophet (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from pruffiiti, 'prophet', a borrowed word, verbalised with N_u_Vb)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "MOFO:nv/qqusiq", "Petersen1951:-qquserpoq#e13242", "Oqaatsit1997:pruffiitioqquserpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pruffiitioqquserpoq" ], "id": "N_qqusiq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_saqneq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "there blows a wind from N (avalent; used only with 3sg/4sg endings)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sarner", "left_sandhi": "default", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own bracket/morphemic form is N{saqnəq}V; ID here uses 'saqneq' (ə transliterated as 'e', matching this repo's N_ge_Vb/N_lire_Vb convention) while underlying_form uses the source's own surface citation spelling (+sarner), matching this repo's sibling N-to-N entry N_sarneq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, identical bracket form) -- that entry's own notes explicitly flag this verbalized counterpart as 'not modeled here'; this entry fills that gap.", "MOFO's own page text calls this affix 'apparently simply used verbally [i.e. verbalising N{saqnəq}N] without an explicit verbalising morpheme' -- no compositional morphology beyond the N-to-N form itself is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "there blows a wind from ___", "da": "der blæser en vind fra ___", "verb_phrase": "there blows a wind from ___", "da_verb_phrase": "der blæser en vind fra ___", "en_short": "there blows a wind from ___", "da_short": "der blæser en vind fra ___", "composition": { "en": "there blows a wind from ___", "da": "der blæser en vind fra ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "avalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an avalent, impersonal 'there blows a wind from N', restricted to a closed set of wind-source nouns. No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found after a real search -- the same negative result already recorded on N_sarneq_N's own note (only coincidental substring hits like kissarneq, 'fever').", "examples": [ { "surface": "kuussarnerpoq", "natural": "there blows a wind from the water stream (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from kuuk, 'stream of water')" }, { "surface": "qaqqarsarnerpoq", "natural": "there blows a wind from the mountains (MOFO cites Rasmussen 1893; from qaqqaq, 'mountain')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/saqnəq", "Rasmussen1893:.sarnerpoq" ], "id": "N_saqneq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_suaqnit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor smells good of N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+suarnip", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own page: 'a non-productive variant of N{suknit}V' (this repo's N_sunnit_Vb, denominal_verbs.yaml), built of the same components (N{suk}N + N{-aq}N + N{nit}V) with N{-aq}N injected in between. Right sandhi is explicitly inherited from the right-most component N{nit}V, so right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision is used on the same evidentiary basis already established for N_sunnit_Vb's own 'tð⇒ts' facet (no separate participle example is given on this affix's own page).", "N_sunnit_Vb's own pre-existing notes in this file already flagged this exact form as an unmodeled gap ('N{suaqnit}V ... not modeled as a separate entry here, recorded in prose only'), attributing a mention of it to 'AITWG-Affixes' own text' -- but a fresh grep of docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md (and the whole docs/affixlist/ tree) for 'suaqnit'/'suarnip' found NO matches. Flagged as a discrepancy in that pre-existing note rather than silently relied on; this entry's tail-tier verdict rests on MOFO alone, matching its own explicit non-productive tag." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} smells good of ___", "da": "nogen dufter godt af ___", "verb_phrase": "smell good of ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} smells good of ___", "da_short": "nogen dufter godt af ___", "composition": { "en": "smell good of ___", "da": "nogen dufter godt af ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "dufter godt af ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "avalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an avalent, impersonal 'it smells good of N' (contrast N_sunnit_Vb's plain valence-neutral 'smells of N'). No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found after a real search; MOFO itself tags this a non-productive morpheme.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nunasuarnippoq", "natural": "it smells good of land, shrubs, flowers etc. (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from nuna, 'land')" }, { "surface": "ivissuarnippoq", "natural": "it smells good of fresh hay (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from ivik, 'grass')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/suaqnit", "Kleinschmidt1871:.nnippoq#e9907" ], "id": "N_suaqnit_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_tuuma_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor often consumes/uses N; Actor likes to consume/use N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tuuma", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own analysis: a combination of this repo's existing N_tuq_eat_Vb ('Actor consumes/uses N', denominal_verbs.yaml) with V{-uma}V ('often') -- previously flagged but not modeled as a separate entry in N_tuq_eat_Vb's own notes ('AITWG-Affixes' own text also documents a further combination... N{tuuma}V... not modeled as a separate entry here'); this entry fills that gap, the same precedent as N_sunnit_Vb filling N_sunni_N's own previously-flagged gap.", "MOFO tags this combination nonproductive and attributes its habitual/preferred consumption/use analysis to Fortescue and CED. Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2 independently lists +tuuma-, 'spiser ofte/gerne N', with neqituumavoq, inuttuumavoq and aputituumavoq. The earlier claim that no Nielsen headword was found is incorrect. Nielsen directly corroborates eating often/with preference; this does not independently establish unrestricted productivity, non-consumption uses, or the proposed component analysis." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} often consumes ___; {{Actor}} often uses ___; {{Actor}} likes to consume ___; {{Actor}} likes to use ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} often consumes, or likes, ___; {{Actor}} often uses, or likes, ___", "da": "nogen indtager ofte ___; nogen bruger ofte ___; nogen kan lide at bruge ___; nogen kan lide at indtage ___", "verb_phrase": "often consumes ___; often uses ___; like to consume ___; like to use ___", "da_short": "nogen bruger ofte ___; nogen indtager ofte ___", "composition": { "en": "often consumes ___; often uses ___; like to consume ___; like to use ___", "da": "nogen indtager ofte ___; nogen bruger ofte ___; nogen kan lide at bruge ___; nogen kan lide at indtage ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "indtager ofte ___; bruger ofte ___; kan lide at bruge ___; kan lide at indtage ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the Actor as habitually or fondly consuming/using N.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inuttuumasoq", "natural": "cannibal (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871/Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from inuk, 'human', plus the intransitive participle V{ðuq}N -- literally 'one who often/likes to consume humans')" }, { "surface": "neqituumavoq", "natural": "he is a meat eater (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2; from neqi, meat)" }, { "surface": "inuttuumavoq", "natural": "he is a cannibal (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2; from inuk, human)" }, { "surface": "aputituumavoq", "natural": "he likes eating snow (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2; from aput, snow)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/tuuma", "Kleinschmidt1871:inuttuumasoq", "Oqaatsit1997:inuttuumasoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inuttuumasoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2" ], "id": "N_tuuma_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_vaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S moves/has moved further in the N direction (N is a spatial/directional noun stem)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "+aq" }, "underlying_form": "+vaq", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own left-sandhi facet co-lists three values (Default, ə-eliding, Irregular): the general case is plain additive ({sila}N -> silavarpoq), but on directional stems ending in /ə/ the affix elides that /ə/ and joins directly onto the preceding consonant ({kətə}N -> kipparpoq below), and per MOFO's own prose it also injects an epenthetic /q/ on some other vowel-final stems (no independently attested worked citation for this last sub-case, so not reproduced as a pedagogy example) -- left_sandhi:irregular flags this genuinely mixed, only-partly-rule-governed pattern, the same precedent as this repo's N_vraq_N.", "MOFO explicitly tags this Tags/List/stem/nonproductive ('It is not used productively, but is found in a number of lexicalised combinations'); no independent match was found searching docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/*.md or docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/*.md for 'parpoq'/'varpoq' in this directional sense -- tail-tier per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy. Distinct from the N{vaq}V constituent already MENTIONED -- but not modeled as its own entry -- in this repo's N_pasik_N notes (denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml); this entry fills that gap." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} moves further in the ___ direction; {{Subject}} has moved further in the ___ direction", "da": "nogen bevæger sig længere i retningen ___; nogen har bevæget sig længere i retningen ___", "verb_phrase": "move further in the ___ direction; have moved further in the ___ direction (___ is a spatial/directional noun stem)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} moves further in the ___ direction; {{Actor}} has moved further in the ___ direction", "da_short": "bevæger sig længere mod ___; har bevæget sig mod ___", "composition": { "en": "move further in the ___ direction; have moved further in the ___ direction (___ is a spatial/directional noun stem)", "da": "bevæger sig længere mod ___; har bevæget sig mod ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bevæger sig længere i retningen ___; har bevæget sig længere i retningen ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having moved further in the direction named by a spatial/directional host noun; restricted to a closed set of lexicalised directional stems per MOFO.", "examples": [ { "surface": "avannarparpoq", "natural": "he has moved further towards the North (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" }, { "surface": "kipparpoq", "natural": "he has moved further towards the West (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from {kətə}N, 'area to the West', with elision of the stem-final /ə/)" }, { "surface": "kangiarpoq", "natural": "he moves further towards the East (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; irregularly formed with loss of /v/)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "MOFO:nv/vaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:avannarparpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kipparpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kipparpoq" ], "id": "N_vaq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_qli_bad_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent makes a bad/ill N to/for Patient (MOFO's own gloss, flagged there as 'rather tentative'; also attested intransitively in a semantically drifted lexicalised form)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_qli_bad_Vb:6639d154903d", "items": [ { "text": "Agent makes a bad/ill N to/for Patient (MOFO's own gloss, flagged there as 'rather tentative'; also attested intransitively in a semantically drifted lexicalised form)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/(q)li", "Kleinschmidt1871:pinerlivaa", "Oqaatsit1997:pinerlivaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pinerlivaa" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-li", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Non-productive, lexicalised-only affix (bracket N{(q)li}V; New orthography -rlivoq/-llivoq, the /r/~/l/ alternation conditioned by the preceding stem, not asserted as a schema value here). MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/(q)li.html) analyses it as a fusion of N{(q)luk}N ('bad N') and N{-li}V ('make'), left sandhi inherited from the former (not independently confirmed here).", "Only two attested examples, both cited by MOFO to Kleinschmidt (1871): the transitive pinerlivaa ('he hits him') fits the head gloss; the intransitive aserlivoq ('he stays away from people', from asi, 'a remote place') is a further semantically drifted lexicalisation, not a productive intransitive use of the same sense -- recorded here, not modeled as a second sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} makes a bad ___ to {{Agent}}; {{Actor}} makes a bad ___ for {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} makes an ill ___ to {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} makes an ill ___ for {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen laver en dårlig ___ til nogen", "verb_phrase": "make a bad ___ to {{Agent}}; make a bad ___ for {{Patient}}; make an ill ___ to {{Patient}}; make an ill ___ for {{Patient}}", "en_short": "{{Agent}} makes a bad ___ to {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} makes an ill ___ for {{Actor}}", "da_short": "nogen laver en dårlig ___ til nogen", "composition": { "en": "make a bad ___ to {{Patient}}; make a bad ___ for {{Patient}}; make an ill ___ to {{Patient}}; make an ill ___ for {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen laver en dårlig ___ til nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "laver en dårlig ___ til nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A non-productive, fossilised affix found only in a handful of lexicalised words; MOFO's own translation is explicitly hedged as tentative.", "examples": [ { "surface": "pinerlivaa", "natural": "he hits him; he causes him bodily harm (MOFO's example, citing Kleinschmidt 1871)" }, { "surface": "aserlivoq", "natural": "he stays away from people (MOFO's example, citing Kleinschmidt 1871, from asi, 'a remote place'; a further lexicalised drift from the core gloss)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/(q)li", "Kleinschmidt1871:pinerlivaa", "Oqaatsit1997:pinerlivaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pinerlivaa" ], "id": "N_qli_bad_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_qvallaq_become_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor becomes like N (inchoative; MOFO's own gloss)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+pallar", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Non-productive affix (bracket N{(q)vallaq}V; New orthography +pallarpoq/-rpallarpoq -- the morphemic /v/ hardens to orthographic 'p' before the resulting geminate /ll/, per MOFO's own account). MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/(q)vallaq.html) analyses it as N{(q)vala}V ('is N-like', not independently modeled here) plus the geminating affix V{'-q}V ('become'), which doubles the stem's single /l/ to /ll/ -- not modeled as a compositional field here.", "DISAMBIGUATION -- not the same affix as this repo's existing N_pallak_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, underlying_form +pallak, 'S acts like/typical of an N'): despite the superficial citation-form similarity ('pallar-' vs 'pallak-'), MOFO catalogues them as two entirely separate pages ((q)vallaq.html vs (q)vallak.html) with different constituent analyses and different, unrelated glosses (inchoative 'becomes like' here vs behavioural 'acts like' there) -- a homograph in citation spelling only, not the same morpheme." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} becomes like ___", "da": "nogen bliver som ___", "verb_phrase": "become like ___ (inchoative; MOFO's own gloss)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} becomes like ___", "da_short": "nogen bliver som ___", "composition": { "en": "become like ___ (inchoative; MOFO's own gloss)", "da": "nogen bliver som ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver som ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A non-productive affix, per MOFO recorded from only a single source (Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) with a single attested example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "imerpallarpoq", "natural": "it becomes watery, like water (MOFO's example, citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from imeq, 'water')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/(q)vallaq" ], "id": "N_qvallaq_become_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_lit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor has reached/arrived at N (non-productive; only a handful of lexicalised survivals)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lit", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own affix page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nv/-lit.html) tags this a non-productive t-stem affix, left sandhi 'Truncative, /VC/ deleting'; right sandhi 'tð⇒ts' with the intransitive participle V{ðuq}N. Petersen1951:-lippoq#e12851 prints nunalitsoq. The separate N_tu_Vb u-elision behavior is not the same mapping; the exact structured realization here remains unencoded pending consumer verification.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 or AITWG-Affixes corroboration was found: searched for the bare form and all four of MOFO's example words (nunalippoq, qaqqippoq, sissippoq, isulippoq) in both extract trees and AITWG-Affixes' own Chapter 5; AITWG-Affixes' own text only mentions an 'ancient morpheme {-lit}' in passing, as a historical component inside a different, already-modeled affix (N{ccit}V, printed p.24), not as this affix's own headword." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} has reached ___; {{Actor}} has arrived at ___", "da": "nogen er nået frem til ___; nogen er ankommet til ___", "verb_phrase": "have reached ___; have arrived at ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has reached ___; {{Actor}} has arrived at ___", "da_short": "nogen er nået frem til ___; nogen er ankommet til ___", "composition": { "en": "have reached ___; have arrived at ___", "da": "nogen er nået frem til ___; nogen er ankommet til ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er nået frem til ___; er ankommet til ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having reached or arrived at N; per MOFO, a small closed set of lexicalised survivals rather than a live rule.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nunalippoq", "natural": "he has reached land/the shore, after a sea journey (MOFO's example, lexicalised, from nuna, 'land')" }, { "surface": "qaqqippoq", "natural": "he goes up a hill to keep lookout (Oqaatsit1997:qaqqippoq#e12600); the exact derivational segmentation remains unverified" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Petersen1951:-lippoq#e12851", "MOFO:nv/-lit", "Oqaatsit1997:qaqqippoq#e12600", "Kleinschmidt1871:nunalippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:nunalippoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nunalippoq" ], "id": "N_lit_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_miu_inhabit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor inhabits N; lives in N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+miu", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own analysis: this is 'a verbal variant form of N{miuq}N, \"inhabitant of N\"' (this repo's own N_miu_N, denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) -- a distinct, word-class-shifted sibling, not modeled there. MOFO tags this specific verb form 'Non-productive morpheme' and notes it is little used today, largely displaced by the combination N{miu}N + N{-u}V (this repo's own N_miu_N + N_u_Vb).", "No independent source found: AITWG-Affixes documents only the nominal N{miuq}N ('an inhabitant/dweller of N', docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md:40), never this verbal variant; searched Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 extracts for a '+miuvoq'/'-miuvoq' N->V headword and found only an unrelated homograph (ullumiuvoq, 'it is today', from ullumi + -u-, not this affix)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} inhabits, lives in, ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} inhabits, lives in, ___", "da": "nogen bor i ___", "verb_phrase": "inhabit ___; live in ___", "da_short": "nogen bor i ___", "composition": { "en": "inhabit ___; live in ___", "da": "nogen bor i ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bor i ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as being an inhabitant or native of N. MOFO itself flags this verb form as no longer commonly used, superseded nowadays by the N_miu_N + N_u_Vb combination.", "examples": [ { "surface": "timaamiuvoq", "natural": "it is an Inland-Dweller (a figure from Greenlandic mythology; from timi, 'body/landmass', in its absolutive 3sg-possessive form)" }, { "surface": "qilammiuvoq", "natural": "it is an inhabitant of Heaven, i.e. an angel (from qilak, 'sky/heaven')" }, { "surface": "sumiuit?", "natural": "whence art thou? i.e. where are you from? (from the dummy question root {su}V + the intransitive interrogative 2sg ending V{vit})" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/miu", "Kleinschmidt1871:u" ], "id": "N_miu_inhabit_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_siq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "Agent tries to get a(n) N for Patient (MOFO records this affix's meaning as unclear; Kleinschmidt instead reads it as 'Agent causes Patient to be treated as a(n) N', but only Schultz-Lorentzen's reading has a supporting example)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_siq_Vb:677f0408e726", "items": [ { "text": "Agent tries to get a(n) N for Patient (MOFO records this affix's meaning as unclear; Kleinschmidt instead reads it as 'Agent causes Patient to be treated as a(n) N', but only Schultz-Lorentzen's reading has a supporting example)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nv/siq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aapparserpaa", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aapparserpaa" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+siq", "left_sandhi": "default" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} tries to get a(n) ___ for {{Agent}}", "da": "nogen prøver at skaffe en ___ til nogen", "verb_phrase": "try to get a(n) ___ for {{Agent}} (MOFO records this affix's meaning as unclear; Kleinschmidt instead reads it as '{{Agent}} causes {{Patient}} to be treated as a(n) ___', but only Schultz-Lorentzen's reading has a supporting example)", "en_short": "{{Patient}} tries to get a ___ for {{Agent}}", "da_short": "nogen prøver at skaffe en ___ til nogen", "composition": { "en": "try to get a(n) ___ for {{Patient}} (MOFO records this affix's meaning as unclear; Kleinschmidt instead reads it as '{{Actor}} causes {{Patient}} to be treated as a(n) ___', but only Schultz-Lorentzen's reading has a supporting example)", "da": "nogen prøver at skaffe en ___ til nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "prøver at skaffe en ___ til nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Only a single attested example survives on MOFO's own page, and MOFO itself calls the affix's origin and meaning unclear -- flagged as genuinely marginal, not silently presented as settled.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aapparserpaa", "natural": "he tries to get a companion for him (from aappaq, 'companion')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/siq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aapparserpaa", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aapparserpaa" ], "id": "N_siq_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_siuut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "transitive", "meaning": "Agent searches for N for Patient" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+siuut", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "notes": [ "ATTACHMENT DEFERRED: MOFO:nv/siuut(ə) supplies the siuq + -(cc)ut(ə) composition. Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.3 and §5.3.1.6.2 both print +sior- for search and celebration, but the sibling forms do not settle this beneficiary construction. Nielsen's ÷siuut cross-reference is the separate make-for liuut allomorph. No additive override is inferred from either.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is a straightforward combination of N{siuq}V ('search for', this repo's own N_siuq_Vb, denominal_verbs.yaml) + V{-(cc)ut(ə)}V ('for Patient', not independently modeled here -- the same unmodeled component already flagged on this repo's N_liuut_Vb); right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering is inherited from that component, the same /t/+consonant assimilation pattern (-pp-/-ss-) already modeled on N_irut_Vb and N_liuut_Vb.", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_liuut_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml): that entry's own citation -liuuppaa has a REPLACIVE t(ə)-stem allomorph -siuuppaa/-siuussivoq (Nielsen2012's own '÷siuut-' cross-reference, already cited there) -- a surface-identical but etymologically different 'siuut', an allomorph of -liuut- ('makes N for P'), not this entry's own independent N{siuq}V-based 'searches for N for P' morpheme. Flagged since both surface as '-siuu-'.", "No independent source found: Nielsen2012's own §5.3.1.5.1 ('Transitivt tilhæng; i alt 1', the transitive 'acquire/procure N' subsection) lists exactly ONE entry, and it is the -liuut-/-siuut- allomorph pair discussed above, not a separate headword for this affix; no Bjornum2012 match either." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} searches for ___ for {{Agent}}", "da": "nogen leder efter en ___ til nogen", "verb_phrase": "search for ___ for {{Agent}}", "en_short": "{{Patient}} searches for ___ for {{Agent}}", "da_short": "nogen leder efter en ___ til nogen", "composition": { "en": "search for ___ for {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen leder efter en ___ til nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "leder efter en ___ til nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "increasing" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "N_siuut_Vb_search_n_for_patient_acquire", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/siuut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.1" ], "sense": { "id": "incorporated-noun-search-n-for-patient-acquire", "output": [ { "id": "agent", "role": "agent", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "patient", "role": "patient", "status": "required", "separately_realized": true }, { "id": "incorporated_noun", "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "required", "morpheme_id": "N_siuut_Vb", "separately_realized": false } ], "contribution": { "operator": "search_n_for_patient", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "incorporated_noun" ] }, "argument_structure": { "status": "specified", "arguments": [ { "role": "agent", "status": "added" }, { "role": "patient", "status": "added" }, { "role": "incorporated_object", "status": "removed" } ] }, "incorporation": { "status": "incorporates", "role": "object" }, "separately_realized_arguments": [ "agent", "patient" ], "agreement_requirements": [ "Source pedagogy is divalent Agent searches for N for Patient (tuttusiuuppaa, aappassarsiuuppaa); beneficiary Patient required." ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "Divalent stays divalent — never flatten to monovalent possession.", "Disambiguate from N_liuut_Vb surface -siuut- allomorph; search-for-beneficiary ≠ make-for.", "Acquire/search-for-beneficiary axis — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); ≠ Axis B seem/pretend.", "Participant binding across corpus hosts remains unreviewed." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/siuut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.1" ] }, "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "incorporated_noun", "scope": "clause", "value": "source-described divalent search-N-for-Patient acquire (MOFO Agent searches for N for Patient; Nielsen §5.3.1.5.1 ÷siuut- cross-ref); Axis A acquire — type=other (NOT possession; not N_tu clone); divalent Agent+Patient+incorporated N stays divalent; ≠ N_liuut make-for surface -siuut- allomorph; ≠ Axis B seem/pretend", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/siuut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tuttusiuuppaa", "natural": "he searches for caribou for him (from tuttu, 'caribou')" }, { "surface": "aappassarsiuuppaa", "natural": "he looks for a spouse for him (from aappaq, 'spouse'; MOFO's own citation gives no further gloss of the intervening -ssar-)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/siuut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2" ], "id": "N_siuut_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "N_tuu_haver_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "Actor is one who has a big N (non-productive; only used with verbal bases already forming their intransitive participle via N{tu}V/N{tuuq}N)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tuu", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is a combination of N{tuuq}N (the intransitive-participle form of this repo's own N_tu_Vb, independently modeled as this repo's own N_tuuq_big_N, nominal_extenders.yaml) + N{-u}V (this repo's own N_u_Vb, 'to be'); it replaces the ordinarily-productive V{ðuq}N + N{-u}V pattern in these specific lexicalised cases only.", "MOFO's own prose calls this affix non-productive ('only used in these specific cases, which are all lexicalised'), though -- unlike miu.html -- this page carries no formal Tags/'Non-productive morpheme' marker.", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_tu_Vb (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, bracket N{tu}V, plain 'has big/many N'): this entry's own bracket form is N{tuu}V (long vowel), a further-derived, non-productive morpheme built on N_tu_Vb's own participle output, not the same affix -- MOFO catalogues them as two separate pages.", "No independent source found: Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 mentions of '-tuuvoq' all turn out to be the separate, fully productive V{ðuq}N{-u}V pattern (e.g. atuartuuvoq, 'he is a student') already covered by this repo's existing N_u_Vb entry, not this specific lexicalised 'tuu' morpheme; MOFO's own cited examples (tatituuvoq, pisuuvoq) do not appear in either extract tree." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} is one who has a big ___", "da": "nogen er en der har en stor ___", "verb_phrase": "be one who has a big ___ (non-productive; only used with verbal bases already forming their intransitive participle via N{tu}V/N{tuuq}N)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is one who has a big ___", "da_short": "nogen er en der har en stor ___", "composition": { "en": "be one who has a big ___ (non-productive; only used with verbal bases already forming their intransitive participle via N{tu}V/N{tuuq}N)", "da": "nogen er en der har en stor ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er en der har en stor ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The rich sense of pisuuvoq is distinct from the homographic guilty sense; the English dictionary's pisuuvoq row concerns the latter.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tatituuvoq", "natural": "he is full of self-confidence (from {tatə}N, 'confidence'; cf. tatituvoq, 'he is unafraid', the plain N_tu_Vb form)" }, { "surface": "pisuuvoq", "natural": "he is rich (from the dummy root {pi}N; cf. pisooq, '(someone who is) rich', the N{tuuq}N participle form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nv/tuu", "Kleinschmidt1871:.tuuvoq#e10051", "Petersen1951:-tuuvoq#e13601", "Kleinschmidt1871:pisuuvoq#e6927", "Oqaatsit1997:pisuuvoq#e11559" ], "id": "N_tuu_haver_Vb", "category": "denominal_verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "ENCL_kaq_derivational": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_enclitic", "meaning": "Actor goes to(wards) N (verbalizes an allative-case-marked noun, possessed or unpossessed, singular or plural)", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:ENCL_kaq_derivational:cf202879f1d4", "items": [ { "text": "Actor goes to(wards) N (verbalizes an allative-case-marked noun, possessed or unpossessed, singular or plural)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/derivational_enclitics.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-kaq", "notes": [ "Attaches directly onto an already-inflected allative case ending (N{mut}/N{nut}/N{-anut} etc.), deleting the ending's final /t/. AITWG-Affixes independently documents the identical analysis under the notation N{ALL}{-kaq}V (±mukarpoq, ±mukapput; AITWG-Affixes:p.25); Nielsen2012 independently catalogues the same pattern as its own tilhæng ±mukar- ('bevæge sig til N'), bundling the linking mu-/nu- into its own headword rather than segmenting it onto the allative ending the way AITWG-Affixes/MOFO do -- a difference in where the two sources draw the morpheme boundary, not a disagreement about the underlying forms or meaning." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ENCL_kaq_derivational", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "goes to(wards) ___", "da": "nogen tager hen til/mod ___ (bruges til at lave et udsagnsord af et navneord bøjet i 'til/mod'-form, ubesat eller besat, ental eller flertal)", "da_short": "tager hen til ___", "verb_phrase": "go to(wards) ___ (verbalizes an allative-case-marked noun, possessed or unpossessed, singular or plural)", "composition": { "en": "go to(wards) ___", "da": "tager hen til/mod ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "tager hen til/mod ___ (bruges til at lave et udsagnsord af et navneord bøjet i 'til/mod'-form, ubesat eller besat, ental eller flertal)" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Distinguished by MOFO's own form_and_usage note from the more generic ENCL_Vq_derivational's allative realization, and from ENCL_naq_derivational (this repo), which covers only sumut/kimut/demonstrative-adverbial allatives; the closely related 'in a group' extension of this same morpheme is this repo's own ENCL_kaa_derivational.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illumukarpoq", "natural": "he goes to(wards) the house (Bjornum2012's example, from illu 'house' + allative -mut)" }, { "surface": "Nuummukarpoq", "natural": "he went to Nuuk (Nielsen2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6" ], "id": "ENCL_kaq_derivational", "category": "derivational_enclitics" } ], "ENCL_kaa_derivational": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_enclitic", "meaning": "Actors go to(wards) N together, in a group (verbalizes an allative-case-marked noun; only used with plural endings)", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:ENCL_kaa_derivational:e0fa0b93a106", "items": [ { "text": "Actors go to(wards) N together, in a group (verbalizes an allative-case-marked noun; only used with plural endings)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/derivational_enclitics.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-kaa", "notes": [ "Compositionally this repo's own ENCL_kaq_derivational (the allative verbalizer -kaq) plus the group-action affix V{-a}V ('do in group'), per both MOFO's own Constituents analysis and AITWG-Affixes' independent, identical analysis ('This affix can also be followed by V{-a}V ... indicating that several are going together', same entry as N{ALL}{-kaq}V, AITWG-Affixes:p.25). Nielsen2012 independently documents the same combination as a note on its own ±mukar- entry: 'Kan kombineres med {÷a 1}, vb-e i mængde: Evamukaapput, de gik alle sammen over til Eva.'" ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ENCL_kaa_derivational", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "several go to(wards) ___ together, in a group", "da": "flere tager sammen hen til/mod ___, i flok (bruges kun med flertalsendelser)", "da_short": "tager sammen hen til ___", "en_short": "{{Actors}} go to(wards) ___ together, in a group", "verb_phrase": "go to(wards) ___ together, in a group (verbalizes an allative-case-marked noun; only used with plural endings)", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "tager sammen hen til/mod ___, i flok (bruges kun med flertalsendelser)" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Only used with plural endings, given the inherently group-denoting meaning.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Evamukaapput", "natural": "they all went together to Eva (Nielsen2012's example, also independently attested in Bjornum2012)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6" ], "id": "ENCL_kaa_derivational", "category": "derivational_enclitics" } ], "ENCL_naq_derivational": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_enclitic", "meaning": "Actor goes to(wards) N; restricted to the question words sumut 'whither?' and kimut 'to whom?' (singular only), and to demonstrative adverbials in the allative case", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:ENCL_naq_derivational:826fca0f286b", "items": [ { "text": "Actor goes to(wards) N; restricted to the question words sumut 'whither?' and kimut 'to whom?' (singular only), and to demonstrative adverbials in the allative case", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/derivational_enclitics.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "AITWG:§15.3", "Oqaatsit1997:ikunnarpoq#e3769", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikunnarpoq#e3634" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-naq", "notes": [ "MOFO tags this morpheme's Left sandhi 'Irregular' (its own catch-all for unknown/idiosyncratic sandhi), distinct from the plain 'Truncative' tag on the closely related ENCL_kaq_derivational/ENCL_Vq_derivational; its surface forms (e.g. sumut -> sumunnarpoq) nonetheless show the same final-consonant-deletion-before-attachment pattern as those two, so boundary_behavior:truncating is used here as the closer of the two available template choices, with the Irregular tag flagged rather than silently normalized.", "Nielsen2012 independently documents the identical restriction in near-identical wording to MOFO's own ('kun ved sumut, kimut og demonstr. adv.' / 'its usage is limited to... sumut... and kimut... [and] demonstrative adverbials'), a precise independent match on both form and this affix's unusually narrow distribution.", "AITWG:§15.3 independently describes demonstrative-allative verbalisation: add naq to uŋ without the final demonstrative a, giving the combined uŋnaq construction and ikunnarpoq (he goes over there). This host restriction does not license general use after ordinary noun allatives. The optional emphasis with (q)cuaq is a separate occurrence, not an allomorph of naq." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ENCL_naq_derivational", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "goes to(wards) ___ (only sumut/kimut/demonstratives)", "en_short": "{{Actor}} goes to(wards) ___", "da": "nogen tager hen til/mod ___; bruges kun med spørgeordene sumut 'hvorhen?' og kimut 'til hvem?' (kun ental), samt med påpegende stedord i 'til/mod'-form", "da_short": "tager hen til ___ (kun sumut/kimut/påpegende ord)", "verb_phrase": "go to(wards) ___; restricted to the question words sumut 'whither?' and kimut 'to whom?' (singular only), and to demonstrative adverbials in the allative case", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "tager hen til/mod ___; bruges kun med spørgeordene sumut 'hvorhen?' og kimut 'til hvem?' (kun ental), samt med påpegende stedord i 'til/mod'-form" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Narrower in distribution than the closely related ENCL_kaq_derivational, which covers the general allative case but cannot be used on demonstrative adverbials.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ikunnarpoq", "natural": "he goes over there (AITWG §15.3; demonstrative-allative ikuŋ without final a, followed by naq)" }, { "surface": "sumunnarpit?", "natural": "where are you on your way to? (Bjornum2012's example, from sumut 'whither')" }, { "surface": "samunnarpoq", "natural": "he is on his way down there (Bjornum2012's example, from samunga 'down there', a demonstrative adverbial)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "AITWG:§15.3", "Oqaatsit1997:ikunnarpoq#e3769", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikunnarpoq#e3634" ], "id": "ENCL_naq_derivational", "category": "derivational_enclitics" } ], "ENCL_Vq_derivational": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_enclitic", "meaning": "Actor goes to/is into/moves through/is from/does with/acts like N (generic verbalizer of an oblique-case-marked noun; sense depends on which oblique case — allative, ablative, vialis, instrumental, or equative — the host's case ending carries); instrumental verbalization may also mean Actor acts on Patient with N; can also, less commonly, verbalize a directly-quoted word (Actor says: word)", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "ambitransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:ENCL_Vq_derivational:7ac7f15d8055", "items": [ { "text": "Actor goes to/is into/moves through/is from/does with/acts like N (generic verbalizer of an oblique-case-marked noun; sense depends on which oblique case — allative, ablative, vialis, instrumental, or equative — the host's case ending carries); instrumental verbalization may also mean Actor acts on Patient with N; can also, less commonly, verbalize a directly-quoted word (Actor says: word)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/derivational_enclitics.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "AITWG:§13.6" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-Vq", "notes": [ "Attaches directly onto an already-inflected oblique-case ending (not the bare noun stem), deleting the ending's final consonant and lengthening its vowel; the 'V' in underlying_form and in MOFO's own morphemic notation {-Vq}V stands for that lengthened case-ending vowel, not an abstract unattested segment -- this repo's established practice of avoiding a bare abstract schwa in underlying_form (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml's note on V_tsiisə_N) does not apply here, since every realization is independently, concretely attested case-by-case below.", "AITWG-Affixes independently documents this exact family of case-verbalizers under the identical *V*q notation, as separate per-case entries (N{VIA}{*V*q}V, N{ABL}{*V*q}V, N{ALL}{*V*q}V, N{EQU}{*V*q}V, N{INST}{*V*q}V; AITWG-Affixes:p.24-26), and Nielsen2012 independently catalogues the same realizations as separate tilhæng (±moor- terminalis/allative, ±meer-/±minngaanneer- ablativ, ÷kkoor- vialis, ±toor- ækvalis, ±meer- 2 modalis/instrumental) rather than as one unified morpheme. MOFO's own analysis, unifying all of these into a single polymorphic *{-Vq}V, is a genuine cross-source difference in segmentation, not a disagreement about the underlying forms or meanings, which both independent sources corroborate case-by-case.", "AITWG §13.6 explicitly permits divalent instrumental verbalization: qaartaartumeerpaat, they bombed them, combines singular instrumental N{mək} with transitive V{vaat}. Ambitransitive records both available frames; the object slot is conditional on this instrumental use, not required for the ordinary intransitive examples and not licensed indiscriminately for all other cases. The current frame stores the available slots without encoding a case-dependent valency switch." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ENCL_Vq_derivational", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "goes to ___; is in ___; passes through ___; comes from ___; does with ___; acts like ___ (depends on case)", "da": "nogen tager til ___; nogen er inde i ___; nogen bevæger sig gennem ___; nogen kommer fra ___; nogen gør med ___; nogen opfører sig som ___", "da_short": "tager til ___; er inde i ___; gennem ___", "verb_phrase": "go to ___; be in ___; pass through ___; come from ___; do with ___; act like ___ (depends on case)", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "tager til ___; er inde i ___; bevæger sig gennem ___; kommer fra ___; gør med ___; opfører sig som ___" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Bjornum2012 separately notes that the allative/terminalis realization specifically (-moorpoq) is 'ikke produktiv' (not productive) today, even though the family as a whole remains productive via its other case realizations; MOFO's own non_productive_tag is false for the morpheme as a whole, so this repo follows that, with the allative-specific caveat flagged here.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qaartaartumeerpaat", "natural": "they bombed them (source-explicit divalent instrumental verbalization)" }, { "surface": "siumoorpoq", "natural": "he goes forward (allative; Nielsen2012's example, from siumut 'forward')" }, { "surface": "qaqqakkoorpoq", "natural": "he goes over the mountain (vialis; Nielsen2012's example, from qaqqaq 'mountain')" }, { "surface": "Nuummeerpoq", "natural": "he is from Nuuk (ablative; attested independently in both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "kalaallisoorpoq", "natural": "he speaks Greenlandic (equative; Nielsen2012's example, from kalaaleq 'Greenlander')" }, { "surface": "iluameerpoq", "natural": "he does it properly (instrumental/modalis; Nielsen2012's example, from iluamik 'properly')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.24", "AITWG-Affixes:p.25", "AITWG-Affixes:p.26", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "AITWG:§13.6" ], "id": "ENCL_Vq_derivational", "category": "derivational_enclitics" } ], "ENCL_et_derivational": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_enclitic", "meaning": "Actor is in/at/on N (verbalizes a locative-case-marked noun); also attaches directly onto the particles ima/taama 'thus' or qanoq 'how?' to mean 'Actor is thus/so' or 'Actor is how?'", "category_shift": "N -> V", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-miip-", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic notation for this morpheme is the schwa-headed {ət}V; this repo's established practice avoids citing a bare abstract schwa in underlying_form (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml's note on V_tsiisə_N). AITWG-Affixes' and Nielsen2012's own matching ±miip-/±niip- notation confirms -miip- (after N{mi}) and -niip- (after N{ni}) as the two concretely attested locative realizations; -miip- (the far more frequent realization in all three sources' own worked examples) is used here as the citable underlying_form, with -niip- and the ima/taama/qanoq-attaching allomorphy (with assimilation of the particle's own final vowel, e.g. ima+ət -> imaappoq) documented in prose rather than as a second underlying_form.", "AITWG §16.5 explicitly verbalizes the quantitative form kisimi with {ət}V as if locative, yielding kisimiippoq and kisimiippugut. This exception does not assign an ordinary locative case to QUANT_3SG_SUBJ. Documentary chains retain the existing operator ID; -miip- is a cited realization, not an instruction to append a second mi after kisimi. Computed spelling for these chains remains unverified." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ENCL_et_derivational", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is in/at/on ___; also 'is thus' with ima; also 'is thus' with taama; also 'is thus' with qanoq", "en_short": "{{Actor}} is in/at/on ___ (verbalizes a locative-case-marked noun)", "da": "nogen er i/ved/på ___ (bruges til at lave et udsagnsord af et navneord bøjet i 'i/ved/på'-form); kan også sættes direkte på småordene ima/taama 'sådan' eller qanoq 'hvordan?' og betyde 'nogen er sådan' eller 'nogen er hvordan?'", "da_short": "er i/ved/på ___", "verb_phrase": "be in/at/on ___ (verbalizes a locative-case-marked noun); also attaches directly onto the particles ima 'thus' or qanoq 'how?' to mean '{{Actor}} is thus' or '{{Actor}} is how?'; also attaches directly onto the particles ima 'thus' or qanoq 'how?' to mean '{{Actor}} is so' or '{{Actor}} is how?'; also attaches directly onto the particles taama 'thus' or qanoq 'how?' to mean '{{Actor}} is thus' or '{{Actor}} is how?'; also attaches directly onto the particles taama 'thus' or qanoq 'how?' to mean '{{Actor}} is so' or '{{Actor}} is how?'", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er i/ved/på ___ (bruges til at lave et udsagnsord af et navneord bøjet i 'i/ved/på'-form); kan også sættes direkte på småordene ima/taama 'sådan' eller qanoq 'hvordan?' og betyde 'nogen er sådan' eller 'nogen er hvordan?'" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes independently documents this exact morpheme under the identical bracket notation N{LOC}{ət}V (AITWG-Affixes:p.21); Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 both independently corroborate the locative-verbalizing sense with matching worked examples. See also this repo's own ima particle entry, which cross-references the 'is thus' combination (imaappoq).", "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuummiippoq", "natural": "he is in Nuuk (attested independently in both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012, from Nuummi 'in Nuuk', locative case)" }, { "surface": "inimiippoq", "natural": "he is in the room (Nielsen2012's example, from ini 'room')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.21", "AITWG:§16.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6" ], "id": "ENCL_et_derivational", "category": "derivational_enclitics" } ], "V_neq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "the act of V-ing; the fact that one V-s" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+neq", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.12 independently calls this output a strong q-stem and permits possessive +nera or metathetic -rnga; it also gives +neru- before N{-u}V. The strong classification does not select one universal metathesis variant or a full declension paradigm.", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5 explicitly includes all stems formed with +neq among very strong -eq nouns: the final consonant is retained with vowel-initial endings and non-possessive oblique cases, except singular vialis. This supports the strong output-noun classification, not universal consonant retention in every possessive ending or an inflection profile for arbitrary lexical words spelled -neq.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.1: Nielsen distinguishes participant roles in transitive event nominals: without an intransitivizer, angutip toqunnera denotes the killing of the man; with the intransitivizer, angutip toqutsinera denotes the man killing someone else. A possessor is therefore not automatically the event agent. In -neq constructions a transitive matrix ending can govern the whole expression, as in akilerneq ajorpara.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.1 prints +neq 1. AITWG:§8.10 explicitly adds V{nəq}N to {sinək}V in Piitap sininnera takuara; the retained base-final consonant assimilates at the boundary. Additive attachment does not mean concatenation without sound changes.", "Productive nominalizer; yields abstract/event nouns", "AITWG:§8.10 Definition 8.12 specifies possessive-role interpretation in nominal object clauses: with a monovalent base the possessive ending is optional and, if present, marks the actor; with a divalent base it is required and ordinarily marks the patient, but marks the agent for a non-patient-preserving stem. This is construction-specific role evidence, not a universal possessor=agent rule.", "AITWG:§8.10 also documents case-marked temporal/causal uses of this abstract participle: allative at/for V-ing; ablative (and footnote-marked allative/instrumental alternatives) because of V-ing; possessive locative while the possessor V-ed; and, with V{ŋŋit}V, before the possessor V-ed. The impersonal ergative + nalaani pattern means during V-ing without naming a performer. These are cited constructions, not additional morpheme identities.", "INVESTIGATED (grammarian issue tracked via oq's docs/allomorphy.js 'Declared but intentionally NOT auto-applied' comment: 'V_neq_N \"-neq\" -> \"-niq\" (dialectal)') and NOT substantiated: no source available to this repo documents a -niq variant of this affix. AITWG-Affixes' own V{nəQ}N entry (docs/affixlist/2-nominalisers.md, both the infinitive sense here and the sibling comparative sense below) never mentions -niq. Nielsen2012's own §5.5.1.1 ('Infinitiv: {+neq 1}') (docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/5.5-nominaltilhaeng.md) gives no dialectal variant either. Bjornum2012's transcribed extracts (docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/) contain no 'niq' string at all. MOFO's own vn/nəq.html page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vn/) has no dialect note. daka.gl-mirror search (python scripts/daka_source_search.py -- nerneq/nerniq) turns up no attested -niq-final form of this affix's own worked examples. The oq comment appears to be an unverified lead, not a confirmed fact -- left as a bare, honest gap per this repo's own 'an unverified guess is worse than an honest gap' discipline; no allomorph rule added.", "AITWG:§9.3 (Definition 9.5 and the abstract-participle discussion, pp.182–184) defines non-patient-preserving as AP excluding BP. With the abstract participle, an unaltered PP or BP stem maps the possessor to its patient; AP-only stems map it to the agent. Adding the stem's HTR before the abstract participle yields an antipassive event nominal whose possessor is the agent. The BP nominal does not become reflexive: compare Piitap toqunnera (the killing of Peter) with Piitap qimmimik toqutsinera (Peter's killing of a dog). These roles are construction-specific, not inferred from surface spelling." ] }, "morphology_class": { "strength": "strong" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the act of ___-ing; the fact that one ___-s", "en_short": "the act of ___-ing", "da": "det at ___", "da_short": "det at ___", "composition": { "en": "the act of ___-ing", "da": "det at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angutip toqunnera", "natural": "the killing of the man (Nielsen2012 §5.5.1.1; patient possessor)" }, { "surface": "nerineq", "natural": "eating, the act of eating" }, { "surface": "takuneq", "natural": "seeing, the act of seeing" }, { "surface": "Piitap aallaanera takuara", "natural": "I saw Peter being shot (AITWG:§8.10; possessive possessor is the patient of the divalent base)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "Fortescue1984:207", "Lybech2020:198", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.1", "AITWG:§8.10", "AITWG:§9.3" ], "id": "V_neq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_taq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "something/someone that has been V-ed (patient noun)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-taq", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2 describes -gaq as usual after original k-stems and also records +taq. AITWG:§8.8 describes present-day k-stems with -taq and treats certain -gaq examples as lexicalized. These source descriptions differ in scope and distribution; no universal k-stem selector is inferred.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2 gives +saq as usual on vowel stems, -gaq as usual on r/k stems, and several exceptions; it explicitly says precise universal formation rules are unavailable. Its attested neri-derived form is nerisaq. Oqaatsit1997 independently attests takusaq. Do not treat citation -taq as a universally pasted suffix or flatten the listed host-specific exceptions.", "AITWG:§8.8, Definition 8.10 (sandhi rules for V{-ðaq}N), separately describes four present-day stem classes: vowel stems yield /-caq/ by the ordinary ð-rule; k-/t-stems yield /-taq/ by the ð-rule but delete the stem-final consonant (e.g. tuqut + this affix -> toqutaq); q-stems delete stem-final /q/ and unexpectedly yield /-gaq/ (e.g. najuq -> najugaq); ut(ə)-stems attach through /-caq/, delete /ə/, and assimilate /tc/ to [cc] (e.g. naŋsiutə -> nassiussaq). The source further says lexicalized exceptions remain (aside 8.3), and that after V{ŋŋit}V the ordinary t-to-s rule yields forms such as -nngisaq/tikisaq. These source-described classes and exceptions are kept in prose: they do not license a universal surface suffix or collapse the attested stem-specific forms into one encoded allomorph rule.", "AITWG:§8.9 Definition 8.11 describes the possessed passive participle: it is formed from a divalent base with this passive participle plus a possessive ending of any case; the participle denotes the patient and the possessor fills the agent role (takusara “something seen by me”, Piitap takusaa “something seen by Peter”). When the possessed form modifies a noun, the ending agrees with that noun in case and number. AITWG:§8.11 Definition 8.14 also defines the combined V{-ðaqaq}V indefinite-object construction, cataloged separately as `V_daqaq_Vb`; it is not an additional allomorph of this passive participle." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something/{{Actor}} that has been ___-ed", "da": "noget/nogen der er blevet gjort det ved (verbet)", "da_short": "noget/nogen der er blevet ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerisaq", "natural": "something eaten (Nielsen2012 §5.5.1.2)" }, { "surface": "takusaq", "natural": "something that has been seen" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:324", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2", "Oqaatsit1997:takusaq", "AITWG:§8.8", "AITWG:§8.9", "AITWG:§8.11" ], "id": "V_taq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_soq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one who V-s (agent/participial noun)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-soq", "notes": [ "AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5 explicitly identifies V{ðuq}N as additive. Surface allomorph conditioning and historic t-stem exceptions remain qualified separately below.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2: Nielsen requires an intransitivizing derivation before forming this participle from a transitive base; the dictionary determines which intransitivizer applies. The resulting agentive participle can take an oblique object in modalis. Nonagentive participles can function adjectivally, and in modalis adverbially.", "Participial form; also the base for relative participle constructions", "AITWG:§8.8 explicitly reports a modern usage preference: speakers often use the intransitive participle instead of the active V{ðə}N participle for monovalent bases and for divalent bases only after valency reduction. This is the author’s qualified usage observation, not a universal productivity or frequency rule. AITWG:§8.11 Definition 8.13 defines the source-bounded combined impersonal-cleft construction `V_duqaq_Vb`; this does not license a general affix family or unlisted allomorphs.", "Issue #374: -toq is a real, cited allomorph of this identical morpheme, NOT just a fixed-spelling near-homophone -- AITWG-Affixes' own text (docs/ affixlist/2-nominalisers.md:65) glosses the bracket form V{ðuq}N with both spellings side by side ('-toq, +soq'), and separately notes that the intransitive-participle affix 'is the same morpheme' as the mood marker for intransitive participial mood. Kept prose-only rather than promoted to a structured application_logic.allomorphs entry, for two independent reasons (not merely a hedge): (1) the real conditioning environment, per Bjornum2012:K3§5g's own explicit paradigm rule table ('Skema 34/35: Kap. 3, § 5g PARTICIPIALMÅDE'), is vowel-final stem -> +soq, R-stem/consonant-final stem -> +toq, EXCEPT that an R-/consonant stem whose own last vowel is i1 (Kleinschmidt's historic vowel-quality distinction, Bjornum2012:K1§8) still takes +soq regardless (Bjornum2012's own worked pair: aggerpoq -> aggersoq, an r-final stem, docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/1-lyd-og-skrift.md around the K1§8 i1 discussion) -- this i1/i2 vowel-quality distinction has no counterpart anywhere in this repo's morphology_class.stem_type taxonomy, so a stem_type-keyed allomorphs map could not represent the real rule without silently dropping its own stated exception; (2) application_logic.allomorphs is keyed by the HOST stem's own morphology_class.stem_type, which this repo's data only ever declares on an actual stems/ entry -- a derived verb stem produced by another affix (e.g. inuuik + N_siuq_Vb -> inuuissior-, the motivating case below) has no stems/ entry and hence no stem_type of its own to key on. Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2 separately illustrates igasoq, atuartoq, nillertoq, inoqajuitsoq and ajunngitsoq, but does not state the complete conditioning table given by Bjornum. The exact atuisoq consumer derivation is in Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3, not §5.5.1.2; do not attribute unprinted nerisoq/atuisoq examples or a full rule table to §5.5.1.2. So: a real, two-independent-source-corroborated phonological rule, held back from schema-validated data only because this repo's current stem_type vocabulary and per-affix allomorphs mechanism cannot faithfully encode its own documented exception -- not because the rule itself is in doubt. inuuissiortoq (r-final stem, last stem vowel /o/, not i1) follows the plain R-stem rule -- see the worked_examples/nominal.yaml entry for the independently attested surface form. This is offered as a template for this repo's substantial backlog of similar prose-only allomorph pairs (N_lior_Vb's -liur, V_neq_N's -niq, etc., see issue #374's own closing ask): treat a source's EXPLICIT paradigm-rule table (like this one) as promotable to structured data once (and only once) the schema has a field that can state the rule's conditioning environment without omitting a source-documented exception; a rule stated only as scattered examples, or one whose exception can't be represented, stays prose.", "Issue #621 (F1/F2 confirm): katersat FST tag TUQ with Der/vn / agentive V→N always resolves to this entry (V_soq_N). Explicitly not V_tuq_Vb (V→V repeatedly) and not ENCL_tuq (wish/wonder). Stem-shape check on the pilot inuuissiortoq: the -toq host is derived inuuissior- (r-final after N_siuq_Vb), not noun inuuik (-ik) — matching the plain R-stem → -toq rule above. Mapping ledger docs/investigations/katersat/katersat-fst-mapping.md TUQ row raised medium→high; no structured application_logic.allomorphs added (same schema limits as #374 / #386).", "Correct atuisoq to consumer: Nielsen §5.3.2.6.3 explicitly gives atorpaa (uses it), atuivoq (uses something), atuisoq (consumer). Modern paired rows independently attest consumer. This is not a reader from atuarpoq; lexical specialization does not approve every stem-conditioned allomorph." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who ___-s", "da": "en der ___", "en_short": "one who ___-s", "da_short": "en der ___", "composition": { "en": "one who ___-s", "da": "en der ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "meeqqanik ilinniartitsisoq", "natural": "one who teaches children (Nielsen2012 §5.5.1.2; oblique object in modalis)" }, { "surface": "nerisoq", "natural": "one who eats, the one eating" }, { "surface": "atuisoq", "natural": "consumer; one who uses something (Nielsen §5.3.2.6.3 and exact modern paired rows)" }, { "surface": "inuuissiortoq", "natural": "birthday person (the -toq allomorph on an r-final derived-verb host, inuuik + N_siuq_Vb; independently attested -- see worked_examples/nominal.yaml)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:299", "AITWG-Affixes:p.13", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§8.8", "AITWG:§8.11", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K3§5g", "Bjornum2012:K1§8", "Oqaatsit1997:atuisoq#e2485", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuisoq#e2431", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3" ], "id": "V_soq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_fik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "place for V-ing, instrument/facility for V-ing", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_fik_N:ae37821c9785", "items": [ { "text": "place for V-ing, instrument/facility for V-ing", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Fortescue1984:70", "SchultzLorentzen1926:piffik", "SchultzLorentzen1927:piffik", "Oqaatsit1997:atuarfik#e2459", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuarfik#e2406", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +ffik" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-fik", "notes": [ "The modern paired atuarfik rows attest lexical school, not the full productive place/instrument/facility rule. Bjornum separately illustrates atuarfik from atuarpoq under +ffik/+fik; retain lexical specialization and do not extend attachment or allomorph claims from dictionary word pins.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +ffik (lines 356–378) gives place, time, or person with whom/which one V-s, explicitly not fixed to one reading (inunngorfik: birthplace/birth time; inuuffik: birth time). This extends the source-bound sense inventory alongside the independently sourced instrument/facility readings. Its +ffik/+fik and +vik/+ik headings do not establish a complete deterministic selector or a nominal declension class; retain lexical selection for V_vik_N." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "place, instrument, or facility for ___-ing", "da": "et sted til at gøre det (verbet)", "da_short": "et sted til at ___", "composition": { "en": "place, instrument, or facility for ___-ing", "da": "sted til at gøre ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atuarfik", "natural": "school (place for reading/studying)" }, { "surface": "siniffiit", "natural": "bedrooms (places for sleeping)" }, { "surface": "piffik", "natural": "time or place for doing something; buffet (from dummy pi- 'do/thing'; independently a dictionary headword -- SchultzLorentzen1926/1927 mark the stem as (pi))" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:70", "SchultzLorentzen1926:piffik", "SchultzLorentzen1927:piffik", "Oqaatsit1997:atuarfik#e2459", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuarfik#e2406", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +ffik" ], "id": "V_fik_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_gajooq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one who often/tends to V (habitual agent)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+gajooq", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix ('+gajooq, en der tit/ofte/gerne vb-er') with its own single example, illarpoq -> illarajooq ('a giggler', from illarpoq 'he laughs'). The attested surface form does not transparently follow from simple additive concatenation of illar- + gajooq (which would predict *illargajooq) -- the /g/ is absent and an extra /a/ appears instead -- an unresolved surface detail recorded here rather than smoothed over or used to infer a different left_sandhi value from a single example.", "No Bjornum2012 entry or MOFO vn/ facet page was found for this affix: mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vn/ was checked directly by filename (no gajuuq/gajooq entry exists there, unlike most of this chapter's other affixes) -- this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes plus Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who often/tends to ___", "da": "en der ofte gør det; en der gerne gør det", "da_short": "en der ofte ___; en der gerne ___", "options": { "da": { "ofte": "en der ofte ___", "gerne": "en der gerne ___" } }, "composition": { "da": "en der ofte ___; en der gerne ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "ofte ___; gerne ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illarajooq", "natural": "a giggler, one who laughs a lot (Nielsen2012's example, from illarpoq, 'he laughs'; see note on the surface form's irregularity)" }, { "surface": "qamagajooq", "natural": "one eager to go seal-hunting (Oqaatsit1997:-gajooq#e3403)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.11", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-gajooq#e3403" ], "id": "V_gajooq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_kkajaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one that is rather V (a moderate degree)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkajaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "kk-cluster-initial affix: AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 (phonotactic truncativity, forced by the consonant cluster) plus AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule both ground left_sandhi:truncative, the same reasoning already established for this repo's kk-initial N-attaching siblings (N_kkaaq_N etc., kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml), applied here to a V-attaching affix with the identical onset shape.", "AITWG-Affixes' own worked example (angikkajaaq, from {aŋə}V 'is big') and Nielsen2012's independent example (takikkajaaq, from takivoq 'it is long') both fall within the same 'verbs related to size' semantic class AITWG-Affixes itself names ('This affix seems to be used primarily with verbs related to size') -- independent confirmation of that specific usage-restriction claim via a different verb.", "Petersen1951:itikkajaaq#e2745 and Petersen1967:itikkajaaq#e2759 print historical itíkajâĸ with âp/ât and modern itikkajaaq with aap/aat, together with further derived forms. Thus the primary MOFO statements that no old dictionary or inflected examples were found are bounded search negatives, not an absence of evidence. These are literal principal-form markers for this lexical witness; they do not establish a complete paradigm or universal weak-q/p class for every -kkajaaq derivative." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one that is rather ___", "da": "noget der er temmelig sådan (i moderat grad)", "da_short": "noget der er temmelig sådan", "composition": { "en": "one that is rather ___", "da": "der er temmelig ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angikkajaaq", "natural": "a rather big one (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from {aŋə}V, 'is big')" }, { "surface": "takikkajaaq", "natural": "rather long (Nielsen2012's example, from takivoq, 'it is long')" }, { "surface": "itikkajaaq", "natural": "rather deep (Oqaatsit1997:-kkajaaq#e6982)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.11", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-kkajaaq#e6982", "Petersen1951:itikkajaaq#e2745", "Petersen1967:itikkajaaq#e2759" ], "id": "V_kkajaaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_llammak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one who is good at V-ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llammak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "ll-cluster-initial affix: the same Definition 2.4 (phonotactic, consonant-cluster-forced) plus Definition 2.7 (/l/-initial, 'most though not all' sandhi-truncative, doubly forced here by the cluster) grounding already used for V_kkajaaq_N above.", "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix ('÷llammak, en der er god til at vb-e, en rutineret vb-ende') with two of its own examples, one of which (timersullammak) uses a different verb from AITWG-Affixes' own example (ikiuutillammak).", "Oqaatsit1997:-llammak#e7080 directly lists the suffix and examples including sanallammak, a skilled carpenter, adding an independently matched verbal base.", "Petersen1951:-llammak#e13531 and Petersen1967:-llammak#e13501 print historical aup/ait with merssutdlámaup/pitdlámait, alongside modern aap/aat with mersullammaap/pillammaat. These notation layers are not conflicting modern written paradigms: preserve the printed modern forms separately from the primary MOFO phonemic llammaup/llammait. The attested principal forms do not by themselves establish every cell of a regular-k/up paradigm or resolve the proposed constituents." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who is good at ___-ing", "da": "en der er god til at gøre det (verbet)", "da_short": "en der er god til at ___", "composition": { "en": "one who is good at ___-ing", "da": "en der er god til at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er god til at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikiuutillammak", "natural": "one who is good at helping out (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from ikiuuppoq, 'he helps out')" }, { "surface": "timersullammak", "natural": "a skilled athlete (Nielsen2012's independent example, from timersorpoq, 'he does sports')" }, { "surface": "sanallammak", "natural": "one skilled at carpentry (Oqaatsit1997's direct example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.11", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-llammak#e7080", "Petersen1951:-llammak#e13531", "Petersen1967:-llammak#e13501" ], "id": "V_llammak_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_naq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "how V'able it is! (exclamation); something that is such as to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+naq", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text says this affix 'is really just the verbal extender V{naq}V (it is Vb'able) used without the verbal ending' -- a verbalizer zero-derived into a bare exclamatory nominal, the same kind of 'really a V affix, borrowed bare' relationship already modeled for N_gik_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml). MOFO's own facet page for this affix makes an equivalent point in its own words (paraphrased here, not quoted, and not cited as MOFO: provenance per this file's citation rules): the meaning is 'actually verbal' and the word is barely inflected.", "AITWG-Affixes' own claim that as a noun it 'behaves like an ordinary weak q-stem, so plural is +nat' is independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own entry ('+naq, hvor vb-ende'), though Nielsen2012 groups it under a different subsection (§5.5.1.8, 'Neksuale nominale tilhæng') than the size/degree affixes above (§5.5.1.4) -- a genuine taxonomy difference from Nielsen2012's own perspective, despite AITWG-Affixes treating all of these under one chapter; flagged rather than smoothed over.", "Kleinschmidt's `.naq` paragraph directly says that dropping the verbal ending forms both names and interjections, and lists kukkarnaq, kigutaarnaq, and seernaq among its nominal examples. Ordbogeeraq independently lists anarnaq as a noun. These attest a nominal “something such as to Vb” use alongside the exclamatory use; no additional compositional chain is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "how ___'able it is!; something that is such as to ___", "da": "hvor det er sådan! (udråb); noget der er sådan at man ___", "en_short": "how ___'able it is!; something that is such as to ___", "da_short": "hvor det er sådan!; noget der er sådan at man ___", "composition": { "en": "how ___'able it is!; something that is such as to ___", "da": "hvor ___ er! (udråb); noget der er sådan at man ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kusanaq!", "natural": "how beautiful it is! (AITWG-Affixes' own example)" }, { "surface": "pakatsinaq", "natural": "how disappointing (Nielsen2012's example, from pakatsivoq, 'he is disappointed')" }, { "surface": "nuannaarnaq", "natural": "how delightful (Nielsen2012's example, from nuannaarpoq, 'he is happy')" }, { "surface": "kukkarnaq", "natural": "caramel toffee (from kukkarpoq, 'he has something stuck between his teeth'; Kleinschmidt1871)" }, { "surface": "anarnaq", "natural": "northern bottlenose whale (from anarpoq; Ordbogeeraq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.11", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.8", "Kleinschmidt1871:.naq", "Ordbogeeraq:anarnaq" ], "id": "V_naq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_niaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one who tries to V (often used of hunting)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niaq", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix ('+niaq, en der forsøger at/vil vb-e') with its own two examples (qaqiniaq, unnuiniaq), neither a hunting term -- so Nielsen2012 alone does not corroborate AITWG-Affixes' own remark that this affix is 'seemingly often used with verbs for hunting'. That specific claim IS independently corroborated by Bjornum2012, however: its own discussion of the related affix +niarpoq V-V ('er på jagt efter', is hunting for) explicitly derives a 'kortform' (short form) +niaq V-N glossed '-jæger' (hunter), giving nannunniaq ('bear hunter', from nannuppoq 'he has caught a bear') as its own worked example -- directly matching AITWG-Affixes' own tuttunniaq ('caribou hunter') example, both being animal+niaq hunting-agent compounds.", "MOFO's own facet page for this affix independently notes it is used 'primarily in combination with' two intransitivizing affixes -- informal corroboration of its combinatorial productivity, not quoted verbatim.", "DISAMBIGUATION from V_niaq_Vb + ending (#544 theme 1): the same +niaq string can exact-match as V→N agent (this entry + ABS) or as V→V sentential + exclamative/ending-shaped -q. Pilot aallaaniaq ('hunter') — prefer THIS entry + ABS for agent/hunter glosses; prefer V_niaq_Vb + mood for finite 'intends to V'. See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme1-affix-ambiguity-dossiers.md." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who tries to ___ (often hunting)", "da": "en der forsøger at gøre det (verbet) (ofte om jagt)", "en_short": "one who tries to ___", "da_short": "en der forsøger at ___", "composition": { "en": "one who tries to ___ (often hunting)", "da": "der forsøger at gøre ___ (ofte om jagt)" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "forsøger at ___ (ofte om jagt)" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tuttunniaq", "natural": "one who is hunting caribou (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from tuttu, 'caribou')" }, { "surface": "nannunniaq", "natural": "a bear hunter (Bjornum2012's independent example, from nannuppoq, 'he has caught a bear' -- corroborates AITWG-Affixes' own hunting-context remark via a different animal)" }, { "surface": "qaqiniaq", "natural": "one who is trying to climb up (Nielsen2012's example, from qaqivoq, 'he climbs up' -- a non-hunting use, showing the affix's broader applicability)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.11", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +niaq" ], "id": "V_niaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_neq_comparative_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "the more/most V-ing (comparative degree of an adjectival verb)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+neq", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5 explicitly includes all stems formed with +neq among very strong -eq nouns: the final consonant is retained with vowel-initial endings and non-possessive oblique cases, except singular vialis. This supports the strong output-noun classification, not universal consonant retention in every possessive ending or an inflection profile for arbitrary lexical words spelled -neq.", "DISAMBIGUATION -- do not confuse with the existing V_neq_N: AITWG-Affixes' own chapter repeats the identical headword V{nəQ}N a second time for a genuinely distinct sense ('the more/most Vb'ing; also used for comparison of verbal stems with an adjectival meaning'), immediately after the abstract-participle/infinitive sense already modeled as V_neq_N. Not a transcription duplicate: Nielsen2012 independently catalogs the two as separate numbered headwords, '+neq 1' (infinitive/abstract participle, §5.5.1.1, this repo's V_neq_N) and '+neq 2' (den der vb-er mere/mest, §5.5.1.4, this entry); Bjornum2012 independently devotes a whole named subsection (Kap. 4, §4a, 'KOMPARATION') to this comparative sense specifically. Three-way agreement this is a second, distinct grammatical function sharing one citation form, not a duplicate.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4 explicitly lists +neq 2; AITWG-Affixes:p.12 also prints +neq. Additive attachment is distinct from the resulting noun stem's strong-q inflection and from the separately documented lexicalized vowel elision on angə/mikə.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes this sense 'may elide /ə/' on the bases {aŋə}V (is big) and {mikə}V (is small), giving anneq/minneq ('biggest/smallest') -- an irregular, lexicalized elision not modeled as a schema field here (no existing enum value fits a root-vowel-elision-under-derivation pattern); recorded in prose, matching Bjornum2012's own independent confirmation of exactly these two lexicalized forms in its own comparison table.", "Bjornum2012:K4§4a compares this output with erneq, a strong q-stem. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5 independently includes all stems formed with +neq in its very-strong class; output strength is therefore declared. A full declension class is not inferred from this comparison alone.", "AITWG:§12.2 directly describes this comparative as a strong q-stem: vowel-initial endings retain its /q/ but weaken it to /r/, explicitly deriving angineruvoq from V{nəq}N plus N{-u}V. This directly grounds morphology_class.stem_type:uvular_weakening_stem. Strength is separately grounded in Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5; no full declension class is inferred from either statement." ] }, "morphology_class": { "strength": "strong", "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the more ___; the most ___", "da": "det mere sådan; det mest sådan", "da_short": "det mere sådan; det mest sådan", "composition": { "en": "more ___; most ___", "da": "mere ___; mest ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anneq", "natural": "biggest, the largest (AITWG-Affixes' and Bjornum2012's shared example, from {aŋə}V 'is big', showing the lexicalized /ə/-elision)" }, { "surface": "angineruvoq", "natural": "Peter is bigger/the biggest (AITWG:§12.2; comparative stem plus N{-u}V; the ablative-marked comparison target distinguishes the comparative reading)" }, { "surface": "pikkorinneq", "natural": "the more/most skilled (Nielsen2012's example, from pikkorippoq, 'he is skilled')" }, { "surface": "akisuneq", "natural": "the most expensive one (Bjornum2012's example, from akisuvoq, 'it is expensive')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "AITWG:§12.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§4a" ], "id": "V_neq_comparative_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_nerpaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "the most V-ing (superlative of an adjectival verb; never used with possessive endings)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nerpaaq", "notes": [ "Built on V_neq_comparative_N (this repo's own ID for the comparative +neq sense above), per AITWG-Affixes' own text: 'since both these affixes are formed by combination with V{nəQ}N ... they may also both elide /ə/ in certain stems' -- e.g. the lexicalized anneq/minneq can take +paaq/+caq directly.", "Kept as a SEPARATE entry from V_nersaq_N below despite AITWG-Affixes presenting both citation forms (+nerpaaq, +nersaq) in one shared paragraph: Nielsen2012 independently catalogs them as two distinct headwords in §5.5.1.4 ('+nerpaaq, den mest vb-ende' vs '+nersaq, den mest vb-ende; bruges ved personendelse'), and Bjornum2012 gives a real GRAMMATICAL distinction between the two in its own comparison table (Kap. 4, §4a): +nerpaaq is 'aldrig med possessive endelser' (never with possessive endings), while +nersaq is used 'kun med possessive endelser med possessor i pluralis' (only with possessive endings, plural possessor) -- a functional split, not a mere spelling/allomorph variant, so the two are modeled as separate entries here rather than combined (unlike, e.g., this repo's N_giit_N, where the source's own combined forms are true allomorphs of one construction).", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4 explicitly prints +nerpaaq; AITWG-Affixes:p.12 independently prints the same additive citation. Attachment to the verb is distinct from subsequent nominal inflection; the sibling entry's former truncating default was not evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the most ___", "da": "det mest sådan (superlativ, bruges aldrig med ejestedord)", "da_short": "det mest sådan", "composition": { "en": "most ___", "da": "mest ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "silatunerpaaq", "natural": "the wisest (Nielsen2012's example, from silatuvoq, 'he is wise')" }, { "surface": "akisunerpaaq", "natural": "the most expensive, the priciest (Bjornum2012's example, from akisuvoq, 'it is expensive'; illustrates the never-with-possessive restriction)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§4a" ], "id": "V_nerpaaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_nersaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "the most V-ing of a plural group (superlative, with plural possessive endings or verbalized with N{-gə}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nersaq_N:0ac44346f84c", "items": [ { "text": "the most V-ing of a plural group (superlative, with plural possessive endings or verbalized with N{-gə}V)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§4a" ], "rationale": "The source meaning changed after the original review. Preserve the complete updated meaning as one uncertain item; review the newly explicit verbalized construction before making phrase-level distinctions." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nersaq", "notes": [ "Sibling entry to V_nerpaaq_N above -- see that entry's note for why the two are kept separate rather than combined. AITWG-Affixes' own text states this form 'is usually only used with plural, possessive endings to mean the most Vb'ing of Possessor' -- independently and precisely confirmed by Bjornum2012's own restriction ('kun med possessive endelser med possessor i pluralis') and worked declension (Kap. 4, §4a, Skema 49: annersaput 'the biggest of us', annersarsi 'the biggest of you(pl)', annersaat 'the biggest of them').", "AITWG-Affixes' own worked example, annersarput ('the biggest of us', with N{(q)vut} 'our N'), is independently reproduced near-identically by Bjornum2012's own Skema 49 paradigm (annersaput, the same word, 1st person plural possessive).", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4 explicitly prints +nersaq; AITWG-Affixes:p.12 independently prints the same additive citation. Attachment to the verb is distinct from subsequent nominal inflection; the sibling entry's former truncating default was not evidence.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4 explicitly also gives the verbal-possessive construction with N{-gə}V: Nuuk Kalaallit Nunaanni illoqarfiit pisoqaanersaraat, Nuuk is the oldest town in Greenland. The plural group is the Agent of have-as; Nuuk is the Patient. MOFO:vn/nəqcaq likewise contrasts illut annersaat (possessive noun phrase) with illut annersaraat (full clause). The possessive-ending restriction above is scoped to the possessive construction, not a ban on this cited verbalization; no new inflection selector is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the most ___ of Possessor", "da": "den mest sådan blandt dem", "da_short": "den mest sådan blandt dem", "composition": { "en": "most ___", "da": "mest ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuuk Kalaallit Nunaanni illoqarfiit pisoqaanersaraat", "natural": "Nuuk is the oldest town in Greenland (Nielsen2012 §5.5.1.4; N-ge verbalization, with the towns as plural Agent/group)" }, { "surface": "annersarput", "natural": "the biggest of us (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from {aŋə}V 'is big' via the lexicalized anneq, with N{(q)vut} 'our N'; independently reproduced in Bjornum2012's own Skema 49 paradigm)" }, { "surface": "pikkorinnersaasa ilaat", "natural": "one of the most skilled (Nielsen2012's example, from pikkorippoq, 'he is skilled', with a possessive ending)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/nəqcaq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§4a" ], "id": "V_nersaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_nertooq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one who V's strongly/excessively" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nertooq", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4 explicitly prints +nertooq; AITWG-Affixes:p.12 independently prints the same additive citation. Attachment to the verb is distinct from subsequent nominal inflection; the sibling entry's former truncating default was not evidence.", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12 gives V{nəQtuuq}N. The shared nəQ component does not establish that only the comparative function of V_neq_comparative_N is involved; no comparative-only restriction is imposed here.", "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix ('+nertooq, en som bliver meget vb-et') with its own example (ersinertooq, 'a coward', from ersivoq 'he is afraid') -- a different verb from AITWG-Affixes, which gives no worked example of its own for this entry.", "No Bjornum2012 or MOFO vn/ facet page was found for this specific affix: mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vn/ has no filename or gloss text matching '+nertooq'/'nərtuuq', and is distinct from the unrelated V{suuq}N ('+sooq') MOFO page, which is a lexicalized alternate to the plain intransitive participle on certain adjectival stems, not this comparative-derived affix -- deliberately not conflated. This entry rests on AITWG-Affixes plus Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who ___'s strongly; one who ___'s excessively", "da": "en der gør det meget; en der gør det i høj grad", "da_short": "en der ___ meget; en der ___ i høj grad", "composition": { "en": "one who ___'s strongly; one who ___'s excessively", "da": "der gør ___ meget; der gør ___ i høj grad" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ meget; ___ i høj grad" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ersinertooq", "natural": "a coward, one prone to fear (Nielsen2012's example, from ersivoq, 'he is afraid')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4" ], "id": "V_nertooq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_niut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "thing/tool for V-ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niut", "notes": [ "Pinned modern rows independently confirm the existing fishing-vessel example aalisariut. They do not independently establish segmentation, the choice of niut versus iut, or productive attachment; retain the cited grammatical example as the separate rule evidence.", "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix ('+niutə, +iutə, middel til at vb-e') in its §5.5.1.5 'Middel og konsekvens' subsection, supplying every example below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example of its own).", "No Bjornum2012 dictionary/affix-list entry was found for this specific form: a search for 'niut' mostly surfaces the front-matter Terminologi glossary's own coined grammatical-term vocabulary (e.g. apersuiniut 'interrogative mood', kissarniut 'optative mood'), which productively uses this same 'tool/means for V-ing' pattern to name grammatical moods -- but that is Bjornum2012's own terminology-coining device, not a described dictionary entry for the affix itself, so it is not cited here as formal corroboration, only noted informally.", "MOFO's own facet page for this affix independently corroborates both the form and gloss ('tool/means for striving to Vb-ing'), paraphrased here, not quoted.", "The possessed temporal sense of the same MOFO niutə source is represented separately by V_niut_temporal_N. This instrument-noun entry does not supply the temporal reading or the plural hunting/striving sense of V_niut_Vb." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thing/tool for ___-ing", "da": "et redskab til at gøre det; et middel til at gøre det", "da_short": "et redskab til at ___; et middel til at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "apersuiniut", "natural": "an interrogative (word); a means for asking (Nielsen2012's example, from apersuivoq, 'he asks around')" }, { "surface": "arfanniut", "natural": "a whaling boat (Nielsen2012's example, from arfappoq, 'he catches whale')" }, { "surface": "aalisariut", "natural": "a fishing boat (Nielsen2012's example, from aalisarpoq, 'he fishes')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalisariut#e87", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalisariut#e88", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5" ], "id": "V_niut_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_niut_temporal_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "just after Possessor V-ed; temporal nominal used only with possessive endings marking the underlying Subject" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niut", "search_forms": [ "+niutaa" ], "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO:vn/niutə explicitly distinguishes this temporal sense from its instrument-noun sense and restricts temporal use to possessive endings. The possessor identifies the Subject of the underlying verb. The instrument sense remains V_niut_N; the plural hunting/striving V_niut_Vb is a verbal construction. Neither supplies this entry's temporal meaning.", "Oqaatsit1997:-:niutaa#e9905 independently prints aniniutaa, iterniutaa and tikinniutaa with temporal translations. The niutaa citation includes possessive material; it is retained as a search form, not the bare stem.", "The MOFO source explicitly gives bracket niutə, new-orthography +niut and +niutaa, and a tə-stem facet whose tooltip explains the unwritten final schwa. Its default left and none right/inflection facets are source-attributed here. No new host-class allomorph selector is inferred from the example words.", "The explicit nominal tə-stem supports stem_type:alveolar_schwa_stem. Nielsen2012:§2.5.18 identifies historical schwa with i₂ and nominal -t with historical -tə; Bjornum2012:K4§2d and K1§8 define the nominal t-stem by loss of that final i₂ in citation. This source-definition bridge supports nominal_stem_class:t_stem independently of consumer output. It does not assert a last-vowel class, strength or complete declension paradigm.", "The possessive-only restriction is recorded as a usage limit; the current continuation class does not enforce it. Only aniniutaa is bound here to a complete worked chain. Other possessors/cases, unrestricted productivity, and the base/valency bindings of the other two examples remain unapproved.", "V_niariut_N contains an additional riaq component and V_riut_N omits niaq; their related temporal translations do not make the owners interchangeable. Petersen's other niutaa contexts are not transferred to this sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "just after the possessor ___-ed", "en_short": "just after ___-ing", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "nominal_stem_class": "t_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aniniutaa", "natural": "just as he had come out, then ... (possessed temporal form; Oqaatsit1997:-:niutaa#e9905)" }, { "surface": "iterniutaa", "natural": "right after he awoke, then ... (literal dictionary example; no complete chain asserted)" }, { "surface": "tikinniutaa", "natural": "as soon as he came home, then ... (literal dictionary example; no complete chain asserted)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/niutə", "Oqaatsit1997:-:niutaa#e9905", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.18", "Bjornum2012:K4§2d", "Bjornum2012:K1§8" ], "id": "V_niut_temporal_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_nnguarsi_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "oh, how V it is! (exclamation, always with the particle qanga)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nnguarsi_N:072f73c5f01a", "items": [ { "text": "oh, how V it is! (exclamation, always with the particle qanga)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.8", "Oqaatsit1997:-nnguarsi#e9883" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnguarsi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "ŋ-initial, geminate-clustered affix (bracket V{ŋŋuaqci}N): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule (plus the phonotactic forcing of the geminate cluster, AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4) grounds left_sandhi:truncative, the same ŋ-initial reasoning already established for this repo's N_ngaaq_N/N_ngajak_N/N_ngusaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml).", "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix in the same 'Neksuale nominale tilhæng' subsection as V_naq_N above ('÷nnguarsi, hold da op hvor det vb-ede'), always used together with the particle qanga ('once, ever') -- matching AITWG-Affixes' own citation, which likewise gives no example without qanga.", "DISAMBIGUATION: not to be confused with the unrelated inflectional form '-nnguarsi', the 2nd person plural possessive ending of the diminutive N{ŋŋuaq}N (this repo's own N_nnguaq_N in kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) -- a homograph coincidence in the modern orthography; Bjornum2012's own declension table lists '-nnguarsi' meaning 'jeres lille' ('your(pl) little one'), an entirely different word, and is deliberately not cited as corroboration here.", "MOFO:vn/ŋŋuaqci describes qanga or qangali immediately preceding this final, uninflected exclamation. It explicitly questions whether the stem is nominal or verbal and leaves the final ci constituent unidentified. The nominal catalogue category does not establish ordinary noun inflection. Its proposed avalent/monovalent restriction is conjectural and is not encoded as a valency selector." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "oh, how ___ it is!", "da": "åh, hvor det var sådan! (udråb, bruges altid sammen med 'qanga')", "da_short": "åh, hvor det var sådan!", "composition": { "en": "oh, how ___ it is!", "da": "åh, hvor ___ var! (udråb, bruges altid sammen med 'qanga')" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qanga nuannaannguarsi", "natural": "hold on, how much fun we had! (Nielsen2012's example, from nuannaarpoq, 'he has fun')" }, { "surface": "qanga qillinnguarsi", "natural": "wow, it has never shone so brightly (Nielsen2012's example, from qillerpoq, 'it glitters')" }, { "surface": "qanga seqqunnguarsi", "natural": "I can assure you it thundered. (Oqaatsit1997:-nnguarsi#e9883)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/ŋŋuaqci", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.8", "Oqaatsit1997:-nnguarsi#e9883" ], "id": "V_nnguarsi_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_paluk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "the sound of V-ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(r)paluk", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+rpaluk", "velar_final_stem": "+paluk" }, "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form is V{(q)paluk}N (a parenthetical /q/), but its own printed citation form is +(r)paluk (a parenthetical /r/, not /q/) -- an internal bracket/citation mismatch in the source itself, distinct from the more usual bracket-vs-citation SPELLING mismatches already documented elsewhere in this repo (e.g. N_iqniaq_N's bracket-q/citation-r): here it is the parenthetical conditioning consonant itself that differs between the two notations. The plain +(r)paluk citation form is used here as underlying_form.", "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix ('+(r)paluk 1, +(r)pallak, lyd af vb-ning') with its own two examples, neither of which is AITWG-Affixes' own (which gives no worked example for this entry).", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375, extended jandahl/oq#773 triage): the vowel-final class is grounded by Nielsen2012's own qiavoq -> qiarpaluk example (qia-, vowel-final). Nielsen2012's own second example, kuuppoq -> kuuppaluk (lyden af rindende vand), independently attests a consonant-host bare form (no /r/); this was previously left unencoded because its host's own stem_type was not established anywhere in this repo, but kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml's own kuuk entry (issue #265) now establishes kuuppoq's host as stem_type:velar_final_stem, citing this same Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5 -- closing that gap, now encoded above as the velar_final_stem key. Nielsen2012's OWN, structurally distinct '+(r)paluk 2, lyd af N' headword (imaq -> imarpaluk) is a different affix (an N-attaching sense, not this V-attaching one) and is deliberately not cited here as if it were further attestation for this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the sound of ___-ing", "da": "lyden af at gøre det (verbet)", "da_short": "lyden af at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qiarpaluk", "natural": "the sound of crying (Nielsen2012's example, from qiavoq, 'he cries')" }, { "surface": "kuuppaluk", "natural": "the sound of running water (Nielsen2012's example, from kuuppoq, '(water) runs down')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5" ], "id": "V_paluk_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_qat_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "a fellow in V-ing; one with whom you V, a co-V'er", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qat_N:e50f669e640c", "items": [ { "text": "a fellow in V-ing; one with whom you V, a co-V'er", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qat" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qat", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "The q-initial V{-qatə}N attachment is independently described as truncative in AITWG:§2.4 and MOFO. Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qat prints the conflicting class labels n-v,n-n, but its examples have nominal outputs: noun-host meeraqat/inoqat/nunaqqat and verb-host tassa suleqatiga/Evap atuaqataa. The noun-host nunaqqat does not by itself corroborate this verb-host entry. Preserve the literal label conflict; independent AITWG and Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.7 evidence grounds this V-to-N owner, separately from N_qat_N. The shared heading does not prove free productivity on every host or resolve the two-source-unit analysis." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a fellow in ___-ing; {{Actor}} you ___ together with", "en_short": "a fellow in ___-ing", "da": "en man gør det sammen med (verbet); en medgører", "da_short": "en man ___ sammen med", "composition": { "en": "fellow in ___-ing; {{Actor}} you ___ together with", "da": "man gør ___ sammen med; en medgører" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ sammen med; en medgører" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "suleqat", "natural": "a colleague, co-worker (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from sulivoq, 'he works')" }, { "surface": "atuaqataa", "natural": "his classmate (Bjornum2012's example, from atuarpoq, 'he studies/reads')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qat" ], "id": "V_qat_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_qqaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "s.t. newly V'ed; one who has just V'ed" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "q-initial, geminate-clustered affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule (plus phonotactic forcing from the geminate cluster, AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4) grounds left_sandhi:truncative.", "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix ('÷qqaaq, en der lige har/er/vb-et, en der er begyndt at vb-e') with three of its own examples, and additionally notes it commonly combines with N{-u}V ('be N') to form a predicate directly (innooqqaavoq, 'he is newborn') -- not modeled as a separate combination entry here, recorded in prose only.", "DISAMBIGUATION -- kept separate from V_rlaaq_N below despite an almost identical AITWG-Affixes gloss ('s.t. newly Vb'ed...' vs '...newly Vb'ed...'): Nielsen2012 independently catalogs the two as separate headwords in its own §5.5.1.4 with separate example sets, confirming these are genuinely two different affixes sharing a near-synonymous gloss, not a duplicate presentation (the same reasoning already used for this repo's N_kkataaq_N/N_kkallak_N).", "MOFO:vn/lqaaq distinguishes three readings: one who V-ed first before others, one who V-ed for the first time, and one who recently V-ed (often translated new-). Its naaqqaaq/sammeqqaaq and tingeqqaaq examples illustrate the first two; tikeqqaaq/inooqqaaq illustrate the third. These are source-attributed senses of the existing owner, not a reason to merge it with V_rlaaq_N or infer a productive historical metathesis rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "s.t. newly ___'ed; one who has just ___'ed", "en_short": "something newly ___-ed; one who has just ___-ed", "da": "noget/nogen der lige er blevet sådan; en der lige er begyndt", "da_short": "noget/nogen der lige er blevet sådan", "composition": { "en": "s.t. newly ___'ed; one who has just ___'ed", "da": "noget/nogen der lige er blevet ___; en der lige er begyndt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "noget/nogen der lige er blevet sådan; lige er begyndt" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inooqqaaq", "natural": "a newborn (Nielsen2012's example, from inuuvoq, 'he lives/is born')" }, { "surface": "atualeqqaaq", "natural": "one who has just started school (Nielsen2012's example, from atualerpoq, 'he starts school')" }, { "surface": "tikeqqaaq", "natural": "someone newly arrived (Nielsen2012's example, from tikippoq, 'he has arrived')" }, { "surface": "tikiuteqqaaq", "natural": "someone who has just arrived (Oqaatsit1997:-qqaaq#e13785)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/lqaaq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-qqaaq#e13785" ], "id": "V_qqaaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_qqammeq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one who has just V'ed; one who recently V'ed" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqammeq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Same q-initial-geminate reasoning as V_qqaaq_N above (AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 + AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix ('÷qqammeq, en der lige har vb-et') with three of its own examples. MOFO's own facet page directly corroborates both form and gloss ('one who recently Vb'ed'), and its own worked example (tikeqqammeq, 'a newcomer') is IDENTICAL to Nielsen2012's own independent example -- a strong cross-source match on both form and example word." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who has just ___'ed; one who recently did", "en_short": "one who has just ___-ed; one who recently ___-ed", "da": "en der lige har gjort det (verbet)", "da_short": "en der lige har gjort det", "composition": { "en": "one who has just ___'ed; one who recently did", "da": "der lige har gjort ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "lige har ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aneqqammeq", "natural": "one who just left (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" }, { "surface": "tikeqqammeq", "natural": "a newcomer (Nielsen2012's example, from tikippoq, 'he has arrived' -- independently attested with the identical example word in MOFO's own facet page for this affix)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4" ], "id": "V_qqammeq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_riaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "place/thing where one V's (uncommon; V_fik_N is usually preferred)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "r-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule grounds left_sandhi:truncative.", "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix in its own 'Sted og tid' subsection ('÷riaq, sted hvor man vb-er'), supplying the one example used below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example of its own). MOFO's own facet page corroborates both form and gloss more precisely ('place/thing where one must Vb'), and independently confirms AITWG-Affixes' own remark that the affix is uncommon ('not productive and the meaning is somewhat obscure'); it additionally documents a geminating plural (-rissat) not mentioned in either AITWG-Affixes or Nielsen2012 -- recorded here informally, not asserted as a schema field without independent confirmation.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text explicitly cross-references this repo's already-existing V_fik_N ('Usually V{(v)vik}N would be used instead to express this meaning') -- recorded here as the source's own usage guidance, not duplicated as a note on V_fik_N itself." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "place where one ___'s; thing where one ___'s", "da": "et sted hvor man gør det (verbet) (sjælden, bruges normalt ikke)", "en_short": "place where one ___-s; thing where one ___-s", "da_short": "et sted hvor man ___", "composition": { "en": "place where one ___'s; thing where one ___'s", "da": "sted hvor man gør ___ (sjælden, bruges normalt ikke)" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sangoriaq", "natural": "the place where one turns/bends (Nielsen2012's example, from sanguvoq, 'he turns')" }, { "surface": "ateriaq", "natural": "the place where one goes down; a descent (Oqaatsit1997:-riaq#e13905)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.6", "Oqaatsit1997:-riaq#e13905" ], "id": "V_riaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_rlaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one who is newly V'ed, one who has just V'ed", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_rlaaq_N:a3301fff3480", "items": [ { "text": "one who is newly V'ed, one who has just V'ed", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-rlaaq#e13929" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rlaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "r-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule grounds left_sandhi:truncative.", "See V_qqaaq_N's disambiguation note above for why this is kept as a separate entry despite an almost identical AITWG-Affixes gloss. Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix ('÷rlaaq, en som for nylig har vb-et') with two of its own examples; MOFO's own facet page corroborates with a closely related gloss ('one who (only just) recently Vb'ed')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who is newly ___'ed, or has just ___'ed", "da": "en der lige har gjort det (verbet)", "da_short": "en der lige har gjort det", "composition": { "en": "one who is newly ___'ed, or has just ___'ed", "da": "der lige har gjort ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "lige har ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ernerlaaq", "natural": "one who has just given birth (Nielsen2012's example, from ernivoq, 'she gives birth')" }, { "surface": "palasinngorlaaq", "natural": "a newly-ordained priest (Nielsen2012's example, from palasinngorpoq, 'he becomes a priest')" }, { "surface": "tikiuterlaaq", "natural": "a newly arrived person (Oqaatsit1997:-rlaaq#e13929)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-rlaaq#e13929" ], "id": "V_rlaaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_saat_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "means/tool for V-ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+saat", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix in its own 'Middel og konsekvens' subsection ('+saat, middel til at vb-e'), supplying every example below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example of its own). MOFO's own facet page corroborates both form and gloss ('tool/means for (causing) Vb-ing')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "means/tool for ___-ing", "da": "et middel til at gøre det; et redskab til at gøre det", "da_short": "et middel til at ___; et redskab til at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qitulisaat", "natural": "a softening agent (Nielsen2012's example, from qitulivoq, 'it becomes soft')" }, { "surface": "qaqorsaat", "natural": "soap (Nielsen2012's example, from qaqorpoq, 'it is white')" }, { "surface": "niaqorissaat", "natural": "a headache remedy (Nielsen2012's example, from niaqorippoq, 'he has a good head')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.12", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5" ], "id": "V_saat_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_ti_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "one who V's (for someone); Agent (active participle)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ti", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+si", "velar_final_stem": "-tsi", "uvular_final_stem": "-ti" }, "notes": [ "left_sandhi deliberately NOT asserted as a single enum value: AITWG-Affixes' own citation line marks its two allomorphs with opposite sandhi marks -- '-ti' (a leading hyphen, sandhi-truncative) after consonant/r-stems, '+si' (a leading plus, sandhi-additive) after vowel stems. Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +ti/+si independently gives the identical conditioning explicitly, in its own words: '+ti (ved konsonantstammen og r-stammen)' / '+si (ved vokalstammen)' -- i.e. two clean, source-stated stem-type-conditioned allomorphs, not a single left_sandhi behaviour. Now structurally encoded via application_logic.allomorphs (jandahl/oq#773 gap-closing triage, following the N_vik_N precedent, grammarian PR #420): vowel_final_stem takes '+si' on AITWG-Affixes' and Bjornum2012's own general citation alone (no directly attested vowel-final host exists yet in this repo's own stems/ to corroborate a specific surface form -- flagged rather than invented) and, among this repo's own already-classified consonant/r-stem types, velar_final_stem (this repo's own allak/velar_final_stem, kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml, 'to write', yielding allatsi, matching Nielsen2012's own cited allatsi 'secretary' below; oqaluk/velar_final_stem, kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, yielding oqalutsi -- both directly attested surface forms show the assibilated '-tsi' shape, not bare '-ti', so that literal surface allomorph is recorded rather than the unassibilated citation form) and uvular_final_stem (this repo's own pulaar/uvular_final_stem, kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml, yielding pulaarti; AITWG-Affixes' own siunnersorti example, an r-final host of the same class, yielding the unassibilated '-ti') both take the plain '-ti' form. No other specific consonant-final stem_type (alveolar_final_stem, schwa_final_stem, etc.) is asserted here for lack of a directly attested host of that class, the same conservative practice this file's own N_tniaq_hunt_Vb entry (denominal_verbs.yaml) already follows. boundary_behavior remains truncating (the deverbal_noun template's default, matching -ti's own hyphen-marked allomorph as the more conservative reading) as before -- the engine-consumed field the schema requires a single value for is unaffected by this change.", "This affix is explicitly noted by both AITWG-Affixes and Nielsen2012 as unproductive today, surviving mainly in lexicalized words: Nielsen2012's own '+Tə' entry ('en der vb-er for nogen; participium af transitive verber i ældre sprog... ikke produktivt i nutiden') independently corroborates both the gloss and the 'no longer productive' claim, and Bjornum2012 gives a directly matching worked example (pulaarti, 'a guest', from pulaarpoq 'he visits').", "AITWG:§8.8 describes V{ðə}N as an agent participle of divalent stems but says it is far less common in everyday word formation; the author reports a preference for V{ðuq}N both with monovalent bases and with divalent bases after valency reduction. Preserve this as a qualified usage observation, consistent with the entry’s already-cited nonproductivity evidence.", "AITWG-Affixes gives oqalutsi and siunnersorti; Nielsen2012 gives allatsi and ikiorti. Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +ti/+si (lines 2222–2237) literally prints allatsi, ikiorti, oqalutsi and pulaarti, not merely similar examples. It explicitly calls the earlier angut from anguvoq plus +ti analysis uncertain and doubted in Comparative Eskimo Dictionary p. 35; that decomposition is not admitted. K9’s additive +ti citation differs from AITWG-Affixes’ hyphen-marked -ti and is retained as attributed notation evidence, not proof of one universal boundary behavior." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who ___'s (for {{Agent}})", "en_short": "one who ___-s (for {{Agent}})", "da": "en der ___ (for nogen)", "verb_phrase": "one who ___-s (for {{Agent}})", "da_short": "en der ___", "composition": { "en": "one who ___'s (for {{Actor}})", "da": "en der ___ (for nogen)" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ (for nogen)" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oqalutsi", "natural": "an interpreter, literally 'one who speaks for somebody' (AITWG-Affixes' own example)" }, { "surface": "siunnersorti", "natural": "a counsellor, adviser, consultant (AITWG-Affixes' own example)" }, { "surface": "allatsi", "natural": "a secretary (Nielsen2012's example, from allappoq, 'he writes')" }, { "surface": "pulaarti", "natural": "a guest (Bjornum2012's example, from pulaarpoq, 'he visits')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.13", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§8.8", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +ti/+si" ], "id": "V_ti_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_tsiiaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "something/someone left to be V'ed; something awaited" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tsiiaq", "notes": [ "left_sandhi deliberately NOT asserted, for reasons directly parallel to V_ti_N above: AITWG-Affixes' own citation line gives two forms with opposite sandhi marks, '-tsiiaq' (truncative-marked, /t/ present) and '+siiaq' (additive-marked, without it), and states the /t/ 'is regularly injected on vowel stems' -- but its own counter-example, {tikit}V (an old t-stem) yielding tikitsiiaq, is explicitly flagged by the source itself as an exception ('it seems that this affix does not assimilate /t/ on old t-stems'), i.e. the host's OWN final /t/ survives and combines with the affix's initial /s/ there, rather than any epenthetic /t/ being inserted. Given the source's own two-mechanism description (epenthetic /t/ on vowel stems vs. a surviving host /t/ on old t-stems, both surfacing as '-tsiiaq'), left_sandhi is left undescribed in prose rather than asserted, matching this repo's established practice for genuinely mixed evidence (e.g. N_luinnaq_N). boundary_behavior, unlike left_sandhi, IS an engine-consumed field that the schema requires a single value for -- it is NOT left unset here, and remains truncating (the deverbal_noun template's default, matching -tsiiaq's own hyphen-marked form as the more conservative reading); the vowel-stem '+siiaq' allomorph is documented above in prose only and is not separately encoded.", "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix ('+(t)siiaq, noget/nogen som man afventer skal vb-e') with two of its own examples. MOFO's own facet page corroborates with a near-identical gloss ('something awaited to Vb'), including a lexicalized example (naatsiiaq, 'potato', from naavoq 'it grows') not found in either Nielsen2012 or AITWG-Affixes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something/{{Actor}} left to be ___'ed; awaited", "en_short": "something/{{Actor}} left to be ___-ed", "da": "noget/nogen der venter på at blive gjort det ved (verbet)", "da_short": "noget/nogen der venter på at blive ___", "composition": { "en": "something/{{Actor}} left to be ___'ed; awaited", "da": "noget/nogen der venter på at få ___ gjort ved sig" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qeritsiiaq", "natural": "something set aside to be frozen (Nielsen2012's example, from qerivoq, 'it freezes')" }, { "surface": "isersiiaq", "natural": "someone whose arrival is awaited (Nielsen2012's example, from iserpoq, 'he goes in')" }, { "surface": "naatsiiaq", "natural": "a potato; literally something one waits for to grow (Oqaatsit1997:-tsiiaq#e17544)" }, { "surface": "tikitsiiaq", "natural": "someone you wait for to arrive home (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from {tikit}V, 'arrive' -- an old t-stem, illustrating the source's own flagged exception to the vowel-stem /t/-injection pattern)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.13", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-tsiiaq#e17544" ], "id": "V_tsiiaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_ssuseq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "V'ness, V'ance; the quality of V-ing (abstract noun)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ssuseq_N:32099091401b", "items": [ { "text": "V'ness, V'ance; the quality of V-ing (abstract noun)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.13", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ssuseq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssuseq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Geminate-cluster-initial affix (bracket V{ccu'siq}N, doubled /cc/ = geminate /ss/): phonotactically truncative per AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4, the same cluster-forced reasoning as this chapter's other geminate-initial affixes above.", "inflection_sandhi:geminating is directly grounded in Nielsen2012's own explicit label for this affix's declension ('affikset er geminerende: -ssutsip, -ssutsit, -ssutsimik' -- literally 'the affix is geminating'), independently and identically confirmed by Bjornum2012's own paradigm markers for the same affix ('-ssutsip; -ssutsit; -ssutsimik'), including the identical example word asannissuseq/asannissusia ('love, being in love') in both sources. This /s/-before-consonant-ending alternation is the same kind of stem-final-consonant-doubling-under-inflection phenomenon this schema's inflection_sandhi:geminating value already covers (per N_araq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml); morphology_class.gemination models the alternation directly.", "Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 both independently distinguish this affix's abstract, decontextualized sense of a quality ('kærlighed som begreb') from the infinitive V_neq_N's more situational sense of the same quality shown toward someone in particular ('hans kærlige sind, som han viser til et bestemt menneske') -- the same 'abstract vs. situational' contrast both sources draw using the identical example root asan- ('love').", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ssuseq (lines 2143–2163) also contrasts measurable abstract qualities (angissuseq size, takissuseq length, manngissuseq hardness) with +neq, which supplies the comparative in this use (ajunngineq better/best). This does not transfer the three printed bare geminating markers unconditionally to every possessed form.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.8 separately documents possession-based exclamatory -ssuseq with personal endings, including ajussusia, qujanassusia and plural-participant pikkorissusiat. An explicit participant is grammatically a possessor in relative case, though absolutive is often used in practice; the phrase may be a clause object and the possessor may be the logical object of the incorporated verb. MOFO:vn/ccusiq illustrates -ssusia with third-singular possession, but that example does not establish a universal third-singular or Actor-only selector.", "SOURCE DIFFERENCE: Kleinschmidt1871:.-ssuseq#e10008 describes his quality nominal as almost never without a personal suffix and only exceptionally usable abstractly. Preserve that older account alongside the abstract-quality descriptions in Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 above; do not turn either historical usage description into a universal inflection restriction." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the quality of ___-ing", "en_short": "___'ness, ___'ance", "da": "egenskaben ved at være det; egenskaben ved at gøre det; det abstrakte begreb", "da_short": "egenskaben ved at være/___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "asannissuseq", "natural": "love, being in love (as an abstract quality) (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from asannippoq, 'he is in love')" }, { "surface": "nalussuseq", "natural": "ignorance (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from {nalu}V, 'A does not know P')" }, { "surface": "ajussuseq", "natural": "badness, wretchedness (Nielsen2012's example, from ajorpoq, 'it is bad')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.8", "MOFO:vn/ccusiq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-ssuseq#e10008", "AITWG-Affixes:p.13", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ssuseq" ], "id": "V_ssuseq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_useq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "manner/way of V-ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-useq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Vowel-initial affix (bracket V{-u'siq}N begins with the hyphen directly before /u/): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's unconditional vowel-initial rule grounds left_sandhi:truncative, the same reasoning used throughout this repo for other vowel-initial affixes (e.g. N_aluit_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml).", "Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact affix ('÷useq, måde at vb-e på') in the same §5.5.1.3 'Abstrakte begreber' subsection as V_ssuseq_N above, and directly parallel to it: AITWG-Affixes' own text states '/s/ geminates to /tt/, so with e.g. plural N{t} => -utsit' -- the identical /s/-before-consonant-ending alternation already grounding V_ssuseq_N's inflection_sandhi:geminating (and the same 'tt' stated vs. 'ts' printed orthographic-vs-phonetic-description pattern noted there). morphology_class.gemination is modeled the same way.", "Nielsen2012 explicitly flags its own inuuseq example (from {inuk}N + N{-u}V 'to be/live' + this affix) as 'dannet irregulært' (formed irregularly) -- not a clean instance of this affix's regular attachment behavior. MOFO's own facet page independently corroborates both the gloss and, remarkably, the identical example words (pisuuseq, inuuseq) and the same 'formed irregularly' claim about inuuseq specifically -- strong independent agreement on this exact irregularity." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "manner/way of ___-ing", "da": "måden man gør det på (verbet)", "da_short": "måden man ___ på", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pisuuseq", "natural": "a manner/way of walking (Nielsen2012's example, from pisuppoq, 'he walks')" }, { "surface": "inuuseq", "natural": "a way of life (Nielsen2012's example, from {inuk}N + N{-u}V 'to be/live' + this affix; both Nielsen2012 and MOFO flag this specific formation as irregular)" }, { "surface": "allaaseq", "natural": "a way of writing (Nielsen2012's example, from allappoq, 'he writes')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.13", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.3" ], "id": "V_useq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_ut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "means/instrument/cause for V-ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ut", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Combines two related citation forms under one entry, matching this repo's established combining precedent (e.g. N_giit_N) for source-presented allomorph pairs: AITWG-Affixes' own single paragraph presents V{-utə}N/-ut and V{ccutə}N/-ssut together with one shared gloss. Nielsen2012 independently confirms this is a conditioned-allomorph relationship rather than two distinct meanings: its own '+utə 3' entry states '+ssutə' is used 'efter vokalbase' (after vowel stems) as the productive elsewhere-form of the same affix, i.e. -ssut is simply +ut's own vowel-stem allomorph, not a separate headword -- unlike, e.g., V_nerpaaq_N/V_nersaq_N above, where independent sources showed a genuine functional (not just phonological) split.", "AITWG-Affixes marks -ut/-ssut with hyphens. Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ut (v-n, lines 2554–2596) instead groups -ut/+ut/-at/-gut/-ssut/-t/-utaq/-ataq/-(q)qut/-qutaq, with additive +ut especially on r-stems and -t causing earlier gemination. -jut belongs to the preceding n-n owned family, not this v-n headword. These attributed variant facts do not establish one deterministic full selector or override independently sourced split owners V_qqut_N/V_utaq_N.", "DISAMBIGUATION: Bjornum2012's own affix list contains an unrelated, HOMOGRAPHIC entry also spelled '-ut' (n-n, 'noget ejet', 'something owned', e.g. narsaat from narsaq 'meadow') -- a denominal possession-marking affix, not this deverbal means/instrument affix; deliberately not conflated here, only the v-n '-ut' headword (glossed 'middel til at; årsag til at; grunden til; nominaliserer') is cited.", "Nielsen2012 additionally documents a THIRD allomorph, +gutə ('variant af ÷utə 3, især efter aa, i og u... vist kun leksikaliseret', i.e. only in lexicalized words) -- not modeled as a separate underlying_form, recorded here as a further documented variant alongside -ssut.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ut (v-n) labels -ssut the only productive realization in his account, with reason/means meanings; -(q)qut and -qutaq occur only in lexicalized words. K9 introductory context also classifies geminating -t among nonproductive affixes. These are source-attributed variant restrictions, not a nonproductive flag on this combined owner.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ut explicitly includes mere nominalization, where it means neither means nor cause, alongside instrumental/causal senses. This source-bound function is not transferred to productive -ssut: K9 specifically assigns that productive variant reason/means meanings. Retain the existing productivity decision and separate nominal owned N_ut_N." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "means, instrument, or cause for ___", "da": "middel til at ___; redskab til at ___", "en_short": "means for ___; instrument for ___; cause for ___", "da_short": "middel til at ___; redskab til at ___", "composition": { "en": "means for ___; instrument for ___", "da": "middel til at ___; redskab til at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "allaat", "natural": "a writing implement, pen (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from allappoq, 'he writes')" }, { "surface": "qilerut", "natural": "a band/tie for binding something (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from qilerpaa, 'he ties it together')" }, { "surface": "toqussut", "natural": "the cause of death (Nielsen2012's example, from toquvoq, 'he dies')" }, { "surface": "misissuut", "natural": "an instrument/tool for examining something (Nielsen2012's example, from misissorpaa, 'he examines it' -- illustrates the -ssut allomorph after this vowel-final host)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.13", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ut" ], "id": "V_ut_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_vik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "place (or, less commonly, time) where one V's -- an uncommon, lexicalized, gemination-causing sibling of V_fik_N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_vik_N:1ca3a240dfed", "items": [ { "text": "place (or, less commonly, time) where one V's -- an uncommon, lexicalized, gemination-causing sibling of V_fik_N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.13", "AITWG:§6.6", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.6", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +vik", "Oqaatsit1997:iggavik#e3532", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iggavik#e3387" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-ik" }, "underlying_form": "-vik", "left_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.13 (docs/affixlist/2-nominalisers.md) independently documents this exact affix as 'another, uncommon form' of the productive V{(v)vik}N (this repo's V_fik_N): 'found in a number of lexicalised words where it has caused gemination in the stem' -- citing the same core example set as MOFO's own facet page for this bare id ('-vik): igaffik/iggavik, nerrivik, napparsimmavik, ingerlatsivik. This directly corroborates both the affix's existence as a distinct sibling of V_fik_N and its defining gemination behavior.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.6 independently attests the same variant under its own headword (transcribed as \"'+vik / '+vik\" in the extract; the second occurrence is explicitly marked \"'+vik er formentlig ikke produktivt\", i.e. 'is presumably not productive'), sharing the identical example nerrivik (from nerivoq, 'she eats') and additionally giving the doublet ataffik/attavik (both forms of one root, atavoq, 'it hangs together with something') and ammuvik (from amuvoq, 'it is pulled up'). Independent cross-source confirmation of both this affix's identity and its lexicalized, non-productive character -- matching MOFO's own prose framing ('a mostly non-productive variant') even though MOFO's own formal Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag is NOT applied to this page (checked directly: '-vik is absent from mofo-mirror/site/Tags/List/stem/nonproductive.html's affix/vn/ listing, unlike e.g. -kiak/-riaq/-utaq on that same list).", "left_sandhi:geminating (rather than truncative) names this affix's defining, independently-attested behavior: a single, already-present consonant at the start of the stem's preceding syllable doubles itself (m to mm in napparsimmavik, r to rr in nerrivik, g to gg in iggavik, t to tt in ingerlatsivik). Grounded by AITWG:§6.6's general gemination mechanism (Definition 6.5), the same phenomenon kalaallisut_data/aitwg_index/ch03.yaml's own '3.10' entry notes distinguish from true two-consonant fusion (left_sandhi:fusional). Per docs/reference/linguistics/aitwg-rule-compliance-audit.md's own row for this enum value, every prior real-data use of left_sandhi:geminating in this repo has been on STEM entries (amiq/taliq/ukaliq/anori) where it was 'redundant-by-composition' with a sibling inflection_sandhi:geminating value doing the actual work -- this entry differs: it is a DERIVATIONAL AFFIX whose own attachment geminates the PRECEDING host stem's consonant, with no sibling inflection_sandhi value covering the same fact (MOFO's own facet page separately marks this affix's own inflection sandhi 'Default/none'), making this repo's first non-redundant use of the value. morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately NOT set: that struct only holds a single fixed pair, but the target consonant here is lexically variable across examples (m, r, g, t all attested) rather than one fixed alternation -- and per naaq's own established precedent (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml), followed likewise by N_lijaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml), that struct's usage names a consonant already visible in the affix's own CITATION FORM, and none is visible in '-vik'.", "MOFO's own facet page separately tags this affix's left sandhi 'Truncative' (alongside 'Geminating') and cites one directly truncative example, Upernavik (from upernarpoq, 'it has become spring' -- the town name, literally 'the spring-place'), where the stem-final /r/ is deleted before the affix rather than retained. This is consistent with application_logic.boundary_behavior staying at the deverbal_noun template's default (truncating), but is MOFO's own evidence alone -- no independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012 corroboration of the Upernavik example specifically was found, so it is recorded here in prose only, not treated as independent grounding for the default.", "MOFO's own facet page also tags this affix's right sandhi 'Assibilation (t⇒s)'. No independent corroboration (AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012) was found for this specific claim -- recorded as an unconfirmed MOFO-only claim, not modeled as right_sandhi:assibilation here, following the same not-independently-corroborated-so-not-modeled precedent N_lijaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) already applies to a structurally similar single-source claim about its own affix.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 (headword '+vik', 'ved vokalstammen efter a og i; medfører ofte gemination længere fremme i ordet' -- 'at the vowel stem after a and i; often causes gemination further along in the word') independently attests the same surface form and gemination-causing behavior, though it frames +vik as a phonologically-conditioned allomorph of the general place/time nominalizer rather than explicitly flagging it non-productive/lexicalized the way AITWG-Affixes and Nielsen2012 do. Its own example table nonetheless lists napparsimmavik under this +vik row (the same specific word AITWG-Affixes and MOFO's facet page both cite for this variant) while separately listing igaffik (not igavik/iggavik) under the ordinary +ffik row for the similarly a-final igavoq -- Bjornum's own data thus shows the choice is lexically specific per word, not a fully deterministic phonological rule, consistent with the other sources' non-productive/lexicalized framing even though Bjornum's own prose does not use that term.", "SIBLING ENTRIES, not collisions, despite scripts/mofo_collision_check.py's string-level flags against both '-vik' and this affix's bare id: (a) V_vik_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml) is a homograph in citation spelling only -- AITWG-Affixes' own Chapter 8 'really Vb-ing' sentential/colouration sense (-vippoq); that entry's own notes already flag this exact deverbal-nominal '-vik family as 'not modeled by this repo yet', which this entry now fulfils. (b) N_vik_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) is a different, N-attaching -vik homograph meaning 'a genuine, proper N' (Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2/Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -vik) -- different word class and meaning, not the same affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "place, or sometimes time, where one ___'s", "en_short": "place (or, less commonly, time) where one ___-s", "da": "et sted (eller tidspunkt) hvor man gør det (verbet) (sjælden variant)", "da_short": "et sted hvor man ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "An uncommon, lexicalized sibling of the ordinary place/facility nominalizer V_fik_N: instead of simple attachment, it geminates a consonant in the preceding syllable of the stem. AITWG-Affixes and Nielsen2012 both independently attest it as non-productive/uncommon, confined mainly to a fixed set of lexicalized formations rather than freely productive.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nerrivik", "natural": "table (from nerivoq, 'she eats'; the affix geminates /r/ to /rr/; independently attested by both AITWG-Affixes and Nielsen2012, contrasted with the more general 'place where one eats' sense of the ordinary neriffik, formed with V_fik_N)" }, { "surface": "iggavik", "natural": "kitchen (from igavoq, 'he cooks food'; the affix geminates /g/ to /gg/; AITWG-Affixes' own example, contrasted there with the ordinary igaffik formed via V_fik_N)" }, { "surface": "napparsimmavik", "natural": "hospital (from napparsimavoq, 'he is ill'; the affix geminates /m/ to /mm/; AITWG-Affixes' own example, also independently listed by Bjornum2012 under its general +vik/vowel-stem allomorph rule)" }, { "surface": "ingerlatsivik", "natural": "administration, governmental office (from ingerlappaa, 'he drives it forward', a t(ə)-stem; the affix geminates /t/ to /tt/; AITWG-Affixes' own example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.13", "AITWG:§6.6", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.6", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +vik", "Oqaatsit1997:iggavik#e3532", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iggavik#e3387" ], "id": "V_vik_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_qqut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "means/reason for V-ing (largely fossilized/non-productive today, surviving mainly in lexicalized words)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qqut_N:ac752d7af190", "items": [ { "text": "means/reason for V-ing (largely fossilized/non-productive today, surviving mainly in lexicalized words)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ut (allomorph -(q)qut)", "Oqaatsit1997:ajoqut#e484", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajoqut#e482" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqut", "lexical_overrides": { "ajoq": "ut" }, "notes": [ "MOFO's own bracket form is V{(q)qutə}N, explicitly hedged in MOFO's own prose: 'it may indeed simply be an alternative form of {utə} generalised from uvular bases' -- i.e. possibly just a conditioned allomorph of this repo's existing V_ut_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml, 'means/instrument/cause for V-ing'). Despite that hedge, MOFO chose to catalogue it on its own separate morpheme page rather than folding it into V{-(cc)utə}N's own page (MOFO's own atomic-morpheme boundary decision -- the literal basis of this gap-closing initiative), and Nielsen2012 independently gives it two SEPARATE numbered headwords ('÷qqutə 3' and '÷qutə 1', both in the same §5.5.1.5 'Middel og konsekvens' subsection as its own '+utə 3' = this repo's V_ut_N) rather than folding it into +utə 3's own entry the way it explicitly folds +gutə in ('variant af ÷utə 3' -- see V_ut_N's own note on that variant). Bjornum2012, by contrast, DOES fold '-(q)qut' directly into its own single v-n '-ut' headword as one of seven listed allomorphs ('-(q)qut, kun i leksikaliserede gloser') -- the same Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ut location already cited by V_ut_N. Given MOFO's own separate-page decision and Nielsen2012's separate-headword treatment (2 sources) outweigh Bjornum2012's allomorph-list treatment (1 source), this is modeled as its own entry here -- but the disagreement is flagged, not smoothed over, for anyone revisiting this call.", "left_sandhi deliberately NOT asserted, for reasons directly parallel to this file's V_ti_N/V_tsiiaq_N: MOFO's own 'Left sandhi' facet for this affix is doubly tagged 'Default, Irregular' simultaneously, and its own prose states that of its lexicalised words, some show truncative attachment with a single /q/ (kigaaqut from {kəgait}V, ajoqut from {ajuq}V, puttaqut from {putta}V) while most show additive attachment with epenthetic doubling of the initial /q/ (peqqut from the dummy base {pi}V, qaammaqqut, nalunaaqqut), concluding explicitly 'there does not seem to be a clear pattern to when either form is used'. left_sandhi is left undescribed here rather than forced into one enum value. boundary_behavior, unlike left_sandhi, IS an engine-consumed field the schema requires a single value for -- it is NOT left unset, and remains truncating (the deverbal_noun template's own default), matching this entry's hyphen-marked '-qqut' underlying_form as the more conservative reading, the same practice already used for V_ti_N/V_tsiiaq_N above. MOFO's own alternative 'New orthography' citation form, '+qut' (additive-marked, single /q/), and the plain truncative '-qut' surface realization seen in the lexicalised examples above, are both documented here in prose only, not separately encoded.", "MOFO's own 'Old orthography' citation forms are '-ĸut, -rĸut' (kra for old q) -- recorded here for completeness, not separately modeled. MOFO's own 'Right sandhi' and 'Inflection sandhi' facets are both 'Default/none' -- matching this schema's own defaults, so not set as explicit fields.", "DISAMBIGUATION from N_qut_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, 'the N of a group'): this MOFO page's own 'Variants' field explicitly cross-references N{-qutə}N -- the same morpheme root already modeled there as N_qut_N's own N-attaching sibling sense -- confirming these are two senses of a shared etymological root split across word classes, not a same-entry collision; N_qut_N's own AITWG-Affixes+Nielsen2012 sourcing is independent of, and does not duplicate, this V-attaching entry.", "Nielsen2012's ÷qutə 1 example (kigaappoq, 'it is slow' -> kigaaqut, 'brake') is IDENTICAL to MOFO's own cited example (via Oqaatsit 1997) and to Bjornum2012's own '-ut' allomorph-table example ('kigaaqut, en bremse') -- a rare three-way word-for-word match across MOFO, Nielsen2012, and Bjornum2012.", "Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared apeqqut example (aperivoq, 'he asks' -> apeqqut, 'a question') is not itself cited on MOFO's own (q)qutə page, but independently corroborates the 'qqutə' additive/epenthetic-doubling sense (Nielsen's ÷qqutə 3, 'means/reason to vb') alongside MOFO's own qaammaqqut/nalunaaqqut/peqqut examples of that same sense.", "TIERING NOTE for reviewers: filed in this core, independently-sourced file rather than deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml even though MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag applies to this affix (and Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's own matching headwords are independently glossed 'kun leksikaliseret'/'kun i leksikaliserede gloser', i.e. also non-productive). CLAUDE.md's Full-Parity tiering rule routes 'non-productive per MOFO's tag' entries to the tail/MOFO-only bucket, but that rule exists to gate independent-sourcing RIGOR, and real, matching independent corroboration (Nielsen2012's own two headwords plus Bjornum2012's own allomorph-list entry, sharing word-for-word examples with MOFO) was in fact found here, satisfying core's own explicit 'independently corroborated by ... Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012' criterion, and the tiering rule's own text explicitly allows citing MOFO 'if you like' alongside independent sources for core entries. This is a judgment call, not an unambiguous reading of the policy -- an owner/reviewer may reasonably prefer moving this to the mofo_derived file instead; flagged rather than decided silently." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "means for ___-ing; reason for ___-ing", "da": "et middel til eller en grund til at gøre det (verbet) (mest i faste, gamle ord i dag)", "da_short": "et middel til eller en grund til at ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kigaaqut", "natural": "a brake (e.g. in a car) (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from kigaappoq, 'it is slow' -- IDENTICAL example independently attested by both Nielsen2012's ÷qutə 1 and Bjornum2012's own -ut allomorph table, a rare three-way match)" }, { "surface": "apeqqut", "natural": "a question (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from aperivoq, 'he asks' -- not itself cited on MOFO's own (q)qutə page, but independent corroboration of the additive/epenthetic-doubling 'qqutə' sense)" }, { "surface": "ajoqut", "natural": "handicap, deformity, disability, injury (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ajorpoq, 'it is bad/broken/out of order' -- lexicalized with the truncative, single-/q/ '-qut' variant)" }, { "surface": "qaammaqqut", "natural": "something to give light, e.g. a flashlight (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997 [Oqaatsit]; from qaammarpoq, 'it has become light' -- the additive, epenthetic-doubling '-qqut' variant)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ut (allomorph -(q)qut)", "Oqaatsit1997:ajoqut#e484", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajoqut#e482" ], "id": "V_qqut_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_tsiisaa_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "the time before Possessor (=Subject of the underlying verb) V's; 'in the meantime, before X V's' -- semantically verbal though the resulting stem is nominal; obligatorily possessed (typically 3sg, N{-a}), or alternatively combined with the verbal possessive affix N{-gə}V instead of possessive endings", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_tsiisaa_N:89888ac9f36a", "items": [ { "text": "the time before Possessor (=Subject of the underlying verb) V's; 'in the meantime, before X V's' -- semantically verbal though the resulting stem is nominal; obligatorily possessed (typically 3sg, N{-a}), or alternatively combined with the verbal possessive affix N{-gə}V instead of possessive endings", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tsiisaa", "notes": [ "ATYPICAL underlying_form: unlike this file's other entries, no bare/unpossessed orthographic citation form is attested anywhere. MOFO's own 'New orthography' facet lists only already-possessed forms ('-tsiisaa, +siisaa'), matching AITWG-Affixes' own citation form ('+(t)siisaa'), because the stem is (per MOFO's own description) 'always used with possessive endings, with Possessor denoting the Subject of the underlying verbal stem'. Nielsen2012's own headword lemma ('+(t)siisə') and MOFO's own morphemic bracket (V{(t)siisə}N) instead cite an abstract schwa-final underlying form that is never itself spelled out in real orthography by any of the three sources checked. Per this repo's established practice of citing real orthography rather than abstract phonemic notation (no existing entry in this repo's data uses a bare schwa 'ə' in underlying_form), the attested possessed citation form '-tsiisaa' is used here instead, with the leading hyphen matching this affix's own truncative-default allomorph -- paralleling V_tsiiaq_N's identical choice for the closely related sibling affix above. The vowel-stem '+siisaa' allomorph is documented here in prose only, not separately encoded, per the same reasoning already established on V_tsiiaq_N/V_ti_N in this file (left_sandhi accordingly not asserted, see below).", "left_sandhi deliberately NOT asserted: MOFO's own facet page lists it as BOTH 'Default' (inferable from the morphemic form) AND 'Irregular' simultaneously -- an explicit double-marking signal of unresolved complexity in MOFO's own account, on top of the same truncative/additive allomorph split ('-tsiisaa' vs '+siisaa') already grounding the same non-assertion on V_tsiiaq_N and V_ti_N in this file.", "DISAMBIGUATION -- not to be confused with the existing V_tsiiaq_N above, despite sharing the same first constituent V{(t)sii}V ('wait for') and a superficially similar citation shape: MOFO's own separate facet pages for the two affixes (kl/affix/vn/(t)siiaq.html vs kl/affix/vn/(t)siisə.html) list different SECOND constituents -- V{(t)siiaq}N is built from V{(t)sii}V + the passive participle V{-ðaq}N ('something awaited'), while this entry, V{(t)siisə}N, is built from V{(t)sii}V + the non-productive affix V{'-tə}N (MOFO's own account: a rare 'time when/while' sense of V{-(cc)utə}N), giving a temporal-noun meaning ('the time while awaiting') rather than V_tsiiaq_N's patient-noun meaning ('something that is awaited'). Genuinely distinct sibling affixes, confirmed via both pages' own Constituents rows, not a duplicate.", "CLOSES A DOCUMENTED GAP: this repo's existing V_tsiisige_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml, a V->V contemporative-mood affix built on the same V{(t)sii}V root) already flags, in its own notes, AITWG-Affixes' own remark (p.51) that 'there is also a nominal form with the same meaning, constructed with passive participle V{-ðaq}N ⟹ V{(t)siicaq}N + N{possessive} ⟹ +(t)siisaa (until he Vb'es)' -- but that entry's own note explicitly states this nominal construction 'is recorded in prose only, not modeled as a separate entry; no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for either the verbal or nominal form of this affix in the material checked.' That premise is now superseded: Nielsen2012 independently attests this exact nominal construction as its own headword (Sec.5.5.1.4, '+(t)siisə, i tiden inden sbj vb-er; personendelse viser sbj', with its own example isersiisaa), matching AITWG-Affixes' surface form and meaning closely enough (both agree on 'V{(t)sii}V + [something] + possessive' yielding '(t)siisaa', 'in the meantime/until X Vb's') that these sources attest the same possessed surface construction and broad temporal meaning, while their proposed second constituents differ as recorded in the preceding etymological-divergence note. V_tsiisige_Vb's cross-reference now points to this separate nominal entry; that nominal evidence does not independently corroborate the distinct verbal contemporative-mood form.", "ETYMOLOGICAL DIVERGENCE recorded, not resolved: MOFO's own account derives this affix from V{(t)sii}V + V{'-tə}N (a rare sense of -(cc)utə, 'time when'), with the surface /t/->/s/ shift explained as assibilation after the true /i/ of {(t)sii}V (V{(t)siitə}N becomes V{(t)siisə}N); AITWG-Affixes' own account (see gap-closing note above) instead derives it from V{(t)sii}V + the passive participle V{-ðaq}N giving V{(t)siicaq}N. Both agree on the first constituent, the surface citation form, and the meaning, but disagree on the second constituent's identity -- neither source's account was independently adjudicated here; recorded as an open etymological disagreement rather than smoothed over, matching this repo's established practice for genuinely mixed source evidence (e.g. this file's V_neq_comparative_N notes).", "MOFO's own facet page (ultimately citing Oqaatsit 1997 and Jonathan Petersen's 1967 Ordbogêraĸ) additionally lists five further lexicalized examples not independently re-verified here: anitsiisaa ('in the meantime, before he comes out', from anivoq), qalatsiisaa ('in the meantime, before it boils'), mitsiisaa ('in the meantime before it lands', from mippoq), qaammarsiisaa ('the time before dawn'), oqarsiisaa ('while waiting for him to say something'), unnussiisaa ('while waiting for night to come', from unnuppoq, an avalent verb). Recorded informally per this file's established convention for MOFO-corroborated core entries (cf. V_qqammeq_N, V_useq_N above) -- not added to provenance and not used as pedagogy.examples here, matching this file's convention of drawing pedagogy.examples only from sources actually listed in provenance.", "MOFO also documents a related V->V variant, V{(t)siisəgə}V (using the verbal possessive affix N{-gə}V instead of possessive endings, in place of ordinary possessive marking) -- out of scope for this V->N entry, not modeled here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the time before Possessor ___'s; the meantime", "en_short": "the time before Possessor (={{Subject}} of the underlying verb) ___-s", "da": "tiden inden han/hun gør det (verbet); 'i mellemtiden, før X gør det'", "da_short": "tiden inden han/hun ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isersiisaa sulivoq", "natural": "he works while waiting for her to come in; in the meantime before she comes in, he works (Nielsen2012's own example sentence, from iserpoq, 'he/she goes in')" }, { "surface": "+(t)siisaa", "natural": "until he/she V's (AITWG-Affixes' own schematic paradigm citation for this nominal construction, showing the bare affix already marked with the 3sg possessive ending N{-a}; the same citation already used in this repo's related V_tsiisige_Vb entry, kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml, for the parallel verbal contemporative-mood construction)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51" ], "id": "V_tsiisaa_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_llaataa_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "at the same time as Possessor=Actor V'ed; just as Possessor V'ed (temporal-simultaneity sense; always used with possessive endings marking the Actor of the underlying verb)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llaataa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "ll-cluster-initial affix (MOFO's own bracket form V{llautə}N): AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 (phonotactic truncativity, forced by the geminate /ll/ cluster) plus AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's 'most affixes beginning in /l/ are sandhi truncative' heuristic both ground left_sandhi:truncative -- the same reasoning already established for this file's other ll-initial sibling (V_llammak_N above), and matching left_sandhi:truncative already asserted on this affix's own first constituent, V_llaq_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml, underlying_form '-llaq').", "AITWG-Affixes independently attests this exact citation form and meaning, not just a MOFO string coincidence: its own Chapter 8 'Sentential affixes' §8.5 (docs/affixlist/8-sentential-affixes.md, printed pp.51-52) gives '-llaataa' ('just as he Vb'ed') as one of a few nominal-form constructions with sentence-like meaning, explicitly decomposed as V{llaq}V (this repo's V_llaq_Vb, sentential_affixes.yaml) + V{-utə}N (this repo's V_ut_N, this file, above) + the 3rd-person-singular possessive ending N{-a} -- matching MOFO's own 'Constituents' row for this affix (V{llaq}V + V{-(cc)utə}N) exactly. AITWG-Affixes itself gives no worked example for this form (its own text: 'AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for the bare verbal-affix form itself ... abstract citation forms, not tied to a specific host word').", "UPDATE (this source-evidence pass): the prior V_utege_Vb cross-reference has been corrected to V_ut_N, and that entry now names V_llaataa_N and V_niariut_N as the separately modeled nominal temporal forms. This entry closes the previously noted -llaataa modelling gap; the lack-of-independent-source note is specific to V_utege_Vb's verbal contemporative use.", "Oqaatsit1997:-llaataa#e7079 is the exact suffix row and lists akillaataa, pissillaataa, and tigusillaataa with matching simultaneity translations; this directly matches the existing AITWG/MOFO analysis, while not supplying a fuller paradigm.", "MOFO's own facet page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vn/llautə.html) additionally states this affix is a tə-stem, p-declined, with 'Default/none' right-sandhi and inflection-sandhi -- none of this is independently corroborated by AITWG-Affixes (which supplies no worked declension for this form), so none of it is asserted as morphology_class/right_sandhi/inflection_sandhi fields here, matching this file's own established practice of leaving thin, single-sourced declension facts in prose only (cf. V_neq_comparative_N's Bjornum2012-only 'erneq' comparison note above) rather than force-fitting a schema field on MOFO's word alone. MOFO also states usage is 'always used with possessive endings' (Possessor = Actor of the verb) and 'seemingly only' with monovalent verb stems (divalent stems substituting their HTR-form first) -- recorded here informally for the same reason; lexical_facts.valency is deliberately left unset, matching this repo's V_galuaq_N precedent (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) for a bound nominal used only in a fixed possessive construction.", "EXAMPLE SOURCING: Oqaatsit1997:-llaataa#e7079 independently prints akillaataa (idet han svarer), pissillaataa (lige da han sprang), and tigusillaataa (samtidig med at han tager noget). This suffix row directly attests all three examples below; it does not independently validate the cited base lexemes or their full decompositions. Keep those base-lexeme checks separate from attestation of the whole words. The possessed temporal citation form does not establish an invariant nominal stem, a complete te/p paradigm, or universal monovalent selection; the primary source's llaq-versus-llak constituent question remains unresolved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "at the same time as Possessor={{Actor}} ___'ed", "en_short": "at the same time as Possessor={{Actor}} ___-ed", "da": "samtidig med at han/hun gjorde det (verbet)", "da_short": "samtidig med at han/hun gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akillaataa", "natural": "at the same time as he replies, just as he answers (MOFO's example, from akivoq, 'he answers/replies'; MOFO cites Berthelsen et al. 1997/Oqaatsit and Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 -- see sourcing caveat above)" }, { "surface": "pissillaataa", "natural": "just as he jumped (MOFO's example, from pissippoq, 'he jumps'; same MOFO sourcing as above)" }, { "surface": "tigusillaataa", "natural": "at the same time as he takes something (MOFO's example, from tigusivoq, the HTR-form of tiguaa, 'he takes it'; same MOFO sourcing as above)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG-Affixes:p.52", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-llaataa#e7079" ], "id": "V_llaataa_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_niariut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "just after Possessor V-ed (temporal, 'right after Subject/Possessor finished V-ing, then...'); Possessor marks the Subject of the underlying verb; used only with possessive endings", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_niariut_N:c09ee76529b7", "items": [ { "text": "just after Possessor V-ed (temporal, 'right after Subject/Possessor finished V-ing, then...'); Possessor marks the Subject of the underlying verb; used only with possessive endings", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.52" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niariut", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.52 (Chapter 8, 'Sentential affixes', docs/affixlist/8-sentential-affixes.md) independently attests this exact affix under its own MOFO-matching bracket notation, V{niariutə}N, giving the identical abstract citation form +niariutaa and gloss 'just as he Vb'ed' -- found in a footnote to this repo's pre-existing V_utege_Vb entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml), whose own notes already flagged this exact combination in prose ('preceded by V_niaq_Vb + V_riaq_Vb, just as he Vb'ed (+niariutaa)') but explicitly left it unmodeled as a separate entry; this entry closes that gap, and V_utege_Vb now cross-references V_niariut_N. AITWG-Affixes' own footnote 1 on p.52 additionally confirms MOFO's Constituents claim that V{-riaq}V is an aq-stem and drops its own final /aq/ before combining with the nominal base, matching MOFO's page on this structural point.", "Compound affix per MOFO's own Constituents field: V{niaq}V + V{-riaq}V + V{-(cc)utə}N. This repo's schema has no constituent-decomposition field, so the three components are recorded here in prose only, not as separate cross-referenced fields.", "Even though the derived stem is formally nominal (it takes possessive endings, not verbal inflection), MOFO's own description states the meaning remains verbal -- 'just after Subject=Possessor Vb'ed' -- independently corroborated by AITWG-Affixes' matching gloss ('just as he Vb'ed'). Recorded in lexical_facts.meaning above rather than as a separate schema field, since no enum value in this schema currently distinguishes formally-nominal-but-semantically-verbal stems.", "No Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found: grepped both transcribed-extract directories for 'niariut' and plausible schwa/vowel variants, no hits. AITWG-Affixes p.52 directly attests +niariutaa and its temporal gloss; the lack of another transcription limits cross-source comparison, not this entry's cited attestation. No Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag on MOFO's own page either (grepped the raw HTML directly; absent), and MOFO's own Left/Right/Inflection-sandhi facets are all plain 'Default'/'Default-none', i.e. no MOFO-flagged irregularity of any kind for this affix.", "DISAMBIGUATION: kept distinct from this repo's pre-existing V_niut_N entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml, above), which models only the OTHER, unrelated sense of the polysemous sibling affix V{niutə}N ('tool/means for striving to Vb', per Nielsen2012). MOFO's own niutə page documents that niutə is itself polysemous and ALSO independently carries this exact 'just after Possessor Vb'ed' temporal sense as a second meaning (with its own examples aniniutaa/iterniutaa/tikinniutaa, also Oqaatsit-sourced) -- that second sense of niutə is NOT modeled by the instrument V_niut_N entry; it is represented separately by V_niut_temporal_N, distinct from this entry. Likewise distinct from the separately modeled sibling V_riut_N, V{-riutə}N (MOFO's own Constituents field: V{-riaq}V + V{-(cc)utə}N, omitting the niaq- component) -- a near-synonym differing only in the absence of the niaq constituent, modeled separately in deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "just after Possessor ___'ed", "en_short": "just after Possessor ___-ed (temporal, 'right after {{Subject}}/Possessor finished ___-ing, then...')", "da": "lige efter at han/hun gjorde det (verbet), så...", "da_short": "lige efter at han/hun gjorde det, så", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tusarniariutaa", "natural": "right after he had heard something, then... (MOFO's own example, Oqaatsit 1997/Berthelsen, Jakobsen, Petersen, Kleivan & Rischel)" }, { "surface": "iliniariutaa", "natural": "just after he had put it down, then... (MOFO's own example, Oqaatsit 1997/Berthelsen, Jakobsen, Petersen, Kleivan & Rischel)" }, { "surface": "appinniariutaa", "natural": "just as he had begun singing, then... (MOFO's own example, Oqaatsit 1997/Berthelsen, Jakobsen, Petersen, Kleivan & Rischel; base verb not separately identified on MOFO's own page)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.52" ], "id": "V_niariut_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_sooq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "(something/someone that is) characteristically V; forms an adjectival participial noun on certain vowel-stem adjectival verbs, in place of the ordinary intransitive participle (a closed, lexicalized set -- not productively extendable to new bases)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_sooq_N:ff1a185b2db3", "items": [ { "text": "(something/someone that is) characteristically V; forms an adjectival participial noun on certain vowel-stem adjectival verbs, in place of the ordinary intransitive participle (a closed, lexicalized set -- not productively extendable to new bases)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§12.1", "AITWG:§12.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -sooq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sooq", "right_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "boundary_behavior:additive is grounded in MOFO's own top-level facet for this affix ('Left sandhi: Default' -- 'additive, epenthetic or phonotactically truncative; can be inferred directly from the morphemic form'), read together with the '+' mark on MOFO's own new-orthography citation ('+sooq') and its own declension-pattern table, which shows the identical stem shape '+suu' both before consonant-initial and before vowel-initial endings -- no alternation, i.e. plain additive attachment with no truncation of the host's final segment, matching this repo's established '+' -> boundary_behavior:additive convention used throughout this file (e.g. V_gajooq_N, V_niaq_N, V_saat_N).", "right_sandhi:irregular is MOFO's own top-level facet label for this exact affix ('Right sandhi: Irregular' -- 'unknown/irregular/idiosyncratic sandhi rules, see description'), concretely cashed out in MOFO's own description section: when this affix's noun is followed by the copula affix N{-u}V ('be N', this repo's N_u_Vb), the affix's own final /u/ is simply dropped rather than triggering the epenthetic /j/-insertion an ordinary vowel-final stem would show before a vowel-initial ending -- e.g. giving -suuvoq rather than a hypothetical *-suujuvoq. Not modeled as a new named enum value (unlike V_galuaq_N's right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision, which names a specific, cross-affix /aq/-drop pattern already attested on several other stems) since no second affix sharing this exact /u/-before-N_u_Vb-drop pattern has yet turned up in this repo's data to justify naming it separately; the schema's existing 'irregular' value plus this prose is used instead.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -sooq (lines 2061–2074) lists seven adjectival witnesses and says some vowel-stem verbs replace the intransitive participle with this affix. This supports the dedicated source-relative entry, not an exhaustive seven-word inventory or a proof of nonproductivity by example count. MOFO also prints narlusooq (local sooq_vn_one-who-characteristically.toml, lines 118–121).", "SECONDARY, PARTIAL SOURCE WITH A TAXONOMIC CAVEAT: Nielsen2012 also documents three of the same example words (angisooq, mattusooq, sukkasooq) in its own §5.5.1.4 ('Grad, tilboejelighed og tid'), but files them under a single shared headword '÷tooq 1' TOGETHER with /t/-initial examples (ersivoq -> ersitooq, 'coward'; qiiavoq -> qiiatooq, 'cold-sensitive'), describing the whole set as one affix that 'skifter uregelmaessigt mellem ÷s- og ÷t-' ('irregularly alternates between an s- and a t- form') rather than as a form standing apart from the ordinary intransitive participle, the way MOFO's own page and Bjornum2012's dedicated '-sooq' headword both treat it. K9 separately lists v-n -tooq (lines 2308–2317), whereas Nielsen explicitly groups these forms with irregular s/t alternation and supplies no general consonant/r-stem selector. Preserve this cross-source taxonomy difference: this entry follows MOFO's and Bjornum2012's shared analysis (a single, vowel-stem-only, dedicated '+sooq' affix, kept apart from the regular participle already modeled as this repo's V_soq_N/-soq), and Nielsen2012's alternative 's/t allomorph of one affix' analysis is recorded rather than adopted.", "DISAMBIGUATION: MOFO's own 'See also' row on this affix's page cross-references the unrelated denominal N{tuuq}N ('one who has much N', this repo's N_tuuq_big_N) and its verbalizing sibling N{tuu}V, noting these 'in some cases seem to be used in the same sense' and flagging a possible historical conflation in Schultz-Lorentzen's dictionary entries (some of whose -tuuvoq/-suuvoq examples, per MOFO, may in fact reflect the present affix rather than N{tuu}V). Recorded as MOFO's own informal observation, not adopted as fact and not grounds for merging this affix with the already-existing, genuinely separate denominal N_tuuq_big_N/N_tuuq_language_N entries (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml).", "Nonproductive scope is grounded in MOFO’s explicit prose that these constructions are lexicalized and not used productively, independently corroborated by AITWG:§12.1 Aside 12.1. K9’s some-verbs framing alone and the number of printed examples do not establish nonproductivity. Preserve K9’s separate -tooq entry and Nielsen’s irregularly alternating ÷tooq 1 analysis without automatically unifying them or admitting a new owner.", "AITWG:§12.1 Aside 12.1 independently confirms the lexicalized V{suuq}N pattern on statal stems (angisooq, takisooq, sivisooq), says it is no longer actively used to derive new words, and reports preference for an existing lexicalized form over the ordinary intransitive participle. It also gives mikə as an exception without a corresponding -suuq form. AITWG:§12.4 repeats the lexicalized-form preference for adverbial use. Its tentative suggestion that V{suuq}N may historically be V{tuuq}N after assibilation is retained as an unresolved source hypothesis, not adopted as an allomorph rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "(something/{{Actor}} that is) characteristically ___", "en_short": "(something/{{Actor}} that is) characteristically ___", "da": "noget/nogen der er kendetegnende sådan (kun i en lille, fast gruppe ord)", "da_short": "noget/nogen der er kendetegnende sådan", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angisooq", "natural": "(something that is) big (Bjornum2012's and MOFO's shared example, from angivoq, 'it is big'; MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997)" }, { "surface": "itisooq", "natural": "(something that is) deep, e.g. a lake (Bjornum2012's and MOFO's shared example, from itivoq, 'it is deep'; MOFO cites Jonathan Petersen's 1967 Ordbogêraĸ)" }, { "surface": "sukkasooq", "natural": "(something that is) fast-going, e.g. a boat (Bjornum2012's and MOFO's shared example, from sukkavoq, 'it has speed on, is fast'; MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997)" }, { "surface": "mattusooq", "natural": "(something that is) tough, hard (Bjornum2012's and MOFO's shared example, from mattuvoq, 'it is tough/hard'; MOFO cites Jonathan Petersen's 1967 Ordbogêraĸ)" }, { "surface": "ilinniartitsisuuvoq", "natural": "he is a teacher (lexicalized teacher noun + copula; Katersat lex_143706, with independent grammar corroboration in Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2 and Bjornum2012:K3§6)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§12.1", "AITWG:§12.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -sooq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4" ], "id": "V_sooq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_nekoq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one who once V-ed / has V-ed at some point; of things, something marked by having undergone V-ing (e.g. holed, worn)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nekoq_N:bb1faacdf9b9", "items": [ { "text": "one who once V-ed / has V-ed at some point; of things, something marked by having undergone V-ing (e.g. holed, worn)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +nikoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nikoq", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012's own headword analysis is compositional -- '(abstrakt participium +neq; -koq)', i.e. this repo's V_neq_N (this file, above) plus N_koq_N ('former/discarded N', kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml), with the abstract participle's schwa surfacing as /i/ before /k/ -- the same nəq-family shape as the sibling V_nekuu_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, +nikuu, which Bjornum2012 likewise analyses as +neq + -koq + -uvoq). Modeled as its own entry anyway since both independent sources list it as a productive headword in its own right, matching this repo's existing treatment of that sibling.", "ID spells the schwa as 'e' (nekoq), matching the existing V_nekuu_Vb/V_nekit_Vb ID convention for the same nəq-initial shape; underlying_form keeps both sources' own '+nikoq' citation spelling.", "Leading '+' in both sources' citation form grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5), following the sibling V_niaq_N entry's precedent in this file." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who once ___'ed; something marked by having been ___'ed", "en_short": "one who once ___-ed / has ___-ed at some point", "da": "en der engang har gjort det (verbet); om ting: noget der bærer præg af det (f.eks. hullet, slidt)", "da_short": "en der engang har gjort det", "composition": { "en": "one who once ___'ed; something marked by having been ___'ed", "da": "en der engang har ___; om ting: noget der bærer præg af det" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "engang har ___; om ting: noget der bærer præg af det (f.eks. hullet, slidt)" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a noun for a person who once V-ed or has V-ed at least once -- Bjornum2012: 'en der engang har ...'; Nielsen2012 (§5.5.1.4): 'en der (engang) har vb-et'. The shared qarlikka alinnikut example shows the same affix on a non-person referent ('my trousers that holes have come into', i.e. 'my holed trousers').", "examples": [ { "surface": "piniartuunikoq", "natural": "one who was once a hunter (Bjornum2012's and Nielsen2012's shared example, from piniartuuvoq, 'he is a hunter')" }, { "surface": "Canadamiinnikoq", "natural": "one who has once been in Canada (Bjornum2012's and Nielsen2012's shared example, from Canadamiippoq, 'he is in Canada')" }, { "surface": "qarlikka alinnikut", "natural": "my holed trousers (Bjornum2012's and Nielsen2012's shared example, from alippoq, 'a hole has come into it' -- plural, non-person referent)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +nikoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4" ], "id": "V_nekoq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_llatsiaannaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one who has just Vb'ed" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "÷llatsiaannaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "ll-cluster-initial affix: AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 (phonotactic truncativity forced by the geminate /ll/ cluster) plus AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's general /l/-initial-truncative heuristic ground left_sandhi:truncative, matching this file's other ll-initial siblings (V_llammak_N, V_llaataa_N).", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4 explicitly prints ÷llatsiaannaq. The citation is truncative, agreeing with the existing ll-cluster left sandhi; no additive exception is attested.", "No independent corroboration (AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012) was found for this exact affix after grepping docs/affixlist/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'llatsiaannar'/'llatsiaannaq' -- Nielsen2012-only citation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who has just ___'ed", "da": "en der lige har gjort det (verbet)", "da_short": "en der lige har gjort det", "composition": { "en": "one who has just ___'ed", "da": "en der lige har ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "lige har ___" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the subject as having just completed the action named by the verb.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Avannaanut pillatsiaannaq", "natural": "one who has just gone north (Nielsen2012's example, from Avannaanut pivoq, 'he went north')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4" ], "id": "V_llatsiaannaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_ngilaatsiaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "the moment right before Vb'ing (used only in the possessive locative)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngilaatsiaq", "notes": [ "No independent corroboration (AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012) was found after grepping docs/affixlist/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'ngilaatsia' -- Nielsen2012-only citation.", "Restricted distribution: per Nielsen2012, attested 'kun i possessiv lokativ' (only in the possessive locative case), the same restricted-construction pattern already noted on this file's own V_llaataa_N entry.", "Printed Nielsen2012 page 129 gives ÷nngilaatsiaq, only in possessive locative, with apinngilaatsiaani and isinngilaatsiaani. The former additive marker was a transcription error; retain this restricted construction." ], "left_sandhi": "truncative" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the moment right before ___-ing", "da": "øjeblikket lige før man gør det (verbet) (bruges kun i en bestemt bøjningsform)", "da_short": "øjeblikket lige før man ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Names the moment immediately preceding the event named by the verb; only ever inflected in the possessive locative.", "examples": [ { "surface": "apinngilaatsiaani", "natural": "in the last moment before the snow came (Nielsen2012's example, from apivoq, 'it has snowed [to cover something]')" }, { "surface": "isinngilaatsiaani", "natural": "just before he came in (Nielsen2012's example, from iserpoq, 'he comes in')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4" ], "id": "V_ngilaatsiaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_luinnaqqissaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "completely, fully Vb'ed", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_luinnaqqissaaq_N:13cdad367e2e", "items": [ { "text": "completely, fully Vb'ed", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rluinnaqqissaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Two citation forms given by Nielsen2012 with different truncative/additive marks (+rluinnaqqinnaaq vs ÷rluinnaqqissaaq) -- this entry previously encoded the WRONG one (the additive +nnaaq variant) while its own pedagogy example below (ajorluinnaqqissaaq) already cited the OTHER, truncative ÷ssaaq variant (Nielsen's own '÷' = truncative, per docs/reference/linguistics/source-cross-reference.md row D1). Corrected (oq#380 follow-up round) to underlying_form:-rluinnaqqissaaq / boundary_behavior:truncating / left_sandhi:truncative, matching the cited form and independently grounded by AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 (r-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative).", "Related to, but not modeled as identical to, two other entries: (a) this repo's own V_luinnaq_Vb (sentential_affixes.yaml, +lluinnar- 2/+(l)luinnaq, 'to Vb completely'), the likely verbal base this compound intensifies further with -qqinnaaq/-qqissaaq; (b) the still-unmodeled bare '+qqinnaaq, +qqissaaq 1' deverbal nominalizer (Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4, 'helt/fuldstændig vb-et'), already flagged as a gap in this repo's own denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml (note on N_qqissaaq_N, distinguishing it from this third, unmodeled V-to-N homograph). This entry captures Nielsen's own fused rluinnaq-prefixed headword only, not that bare form." ], " ": "" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "completely, fully ___'ed", "da": "helt og fuldstændigt sådan", "da_short": "helt og fuldstændigt sådan", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "An intensified variant of the plain completive nominalizer, adding the 'completely' sense of +lluinnar- on top.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ajorluinnaqqissaaq", "natural": "utterly bad (Nielsen2012's example, from ajorpoq, 'it is bad')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4" ], "id": "V_luinnaqqissaaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_silat_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "oh, how (Subject) V's! (exclamatory nominal; per Nielsen2012, today confined to ecclesiastical/archaic register)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_silat_N:2d664f0b8309", "items": [ { "text": "oh, how (Subject) V's! (exclamatory nominal; per Nielsen2012, today confined to ecclesiastical/archaic register)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.8" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+silat", "notes": [ "Homographic with the unrelated bound spatial stem silatə*/'silat-' ('outside area', this repo's N_te_N, denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, also independently listed by Bjornum2012 K4§6 item 18) -- a different word class and meaning, not conflated here.", "No independent corroboration (AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012) was found after grepping docs/affixlist/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'silat' as this exclamatory affix -- Nielsen2012-only citation. Nielsen2012 itself attributes its four examples to older dictionary authors (Kleinschmidt, Fabricius, J. Petersen), but those are internal citations within Nielsen2012's own text, not independently checked sources for this repo.", "Archaic/restricted: per Nielsen2012, in the modern language attested only in ecclesiastical/hymnal usage." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "oh, how ({{Subject}}) ___'s!", "da": "åh, hvor han/hun gør det! (udråb, i dag kun i gammeldags/kirkeligt sprog)", "da_short": "åh, hvor han/hun ___!", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms an exclamatory nominal expressing a wish or emotional exclamation about the verb's action -- 'oh, how...!' -- now essentially confined to older/religious language.", "examples": [ { "surface": "takujuminarsilat", "natural": "oh, how one would like to see him (Nielsen2012's example, from takujuminarpoq, 'he looks good/inviting to see'; attributed by Nielsen2012 to Kleinschmidt)" }, { "surface": "qujanarsilat", "natural": "thanks/praise be to him (Nielsen2012's example, from qujanarpoq, 'he/it deserves thanks'; attributed by Nielsen2012 to Kleinschmidt)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.8" ], "id": "V_silat_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_ffaarik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "someone or something that V-s extraordinarily well; an unusually good instance of a positive verbal quality" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ffaarik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4 explicitly files ÷ffaarik among deverbal nominalizers and restricts attachment to verbs with positive meaning. Its ajunngilaq -> ajunngiffaarik illustrates a positive meaning obtained by negation, not a requirement for an unnegated stem.", "The nominal V -> N use is distinct from the finite verbal V_ffaarik_Vb (§5.4.4.1) and the separately reported N -> N use N_ffaarik_N (AITWG-Affixes:p.20). Shared spelling does not transfer host categories or examples between these operators.", "No regular k-stem inflection profile is assigned. MOFO explicitly labels that classification an assumption in the absence of a full paradigm and questions wider productivity. Kleinschmidt1871:.-ffaarik#e10078 prints iluaffaariit in a plural phrase, but that isolated form does not establish a complete productive declension or arbitrary further suffixation.", "Oqaatsit1997:-ffaarik#e3332 independently prints inequnaffaarik, pitsaaffaarik and sisoqqariffaarik. MOFO regularizes its atuaffaarik example and is not independent attestation of that spelling; no worked word is admitted from it." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} or something that ___-s extraordinarily well", "en_short": "one that ___-s extraordinarily well", "composition": { "en": "{{Actor}} or something that ___-s extraordinarily well" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Use only with a positive verbal meaning; wider productivity and the full noun paradigm remain unestablished here.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ajunngiffaarik", "natural": "unusually good (from ajunngilaq, it is good; Nielsen2012 §5.5.1.4)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/vvaarik", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-ffaarik#e3332", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-ffaarik#e10078" ], "id": "V_ffaarik_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns" } ], "V_galuaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one who admittedly V-s; deceased or sometimes former N in copular name/title constructions; MOFO restricts its nominal form to copular hosts and also attests counterfactual possession" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-galuaq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is V{galuaq}N, sharing its root with the separately-documented V{galuaq}V ('although/counterfactual Vb', already represented by V_galuaq_Vb in verbal_modifiers.yaml (AITWG-Affixes:p.39), with a separately authored sentential occurrence retained) -- MOFO explicitly notes this N-forming variant has 'a somewhat different meaning' from the V->V one, and is only used after the two copula affixes N{-u}V and N{-gə}V (this repo's N_u_Vb and N_ge_Vb respectively; AITWG-Affixes:p.23 independently documents N{gə}V). Kleinschmidt also records a further variant attaching directly onto N{kcaq}N or the passive participle V{-ðaq}N (this repo's own V_taq_N -- confirmed via V{-ðaq}N's own MOFO page, 'New orthography: -taq...'), MOFO's own N{galuaq}N -- modeled as N_galuaq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml.", "right_sandhi:aq_drop is MOFO's own literal top-level facet label for this entry ('Right sandhi: /aq/ drop'), directly attested: the citation forms themselves show /aq/ present before consonant-initial endings (+galuaq, absolutive) but dropped before vowel-initial ones (+galuup, ergative singular; +galuit, ergative plural) -- and in a real worked example, illuutigigalui (from {əŋlu}N{-utə}N with N{-gə}V and the ABS.3sg/pl possessive ending N{-i}), where /aq/ drops before the vowel-initial possessive ending.", "inflection_sandhi:irregular is MOFO's own separate declension-table label ('Declension sandhi: Irregular') for the same stem: it declines like a weak q-stem before consonant-initial endings, but like a regular k-stem {galuk} before vowel-initial ones (the /aq/-drop just described) -- MOFO notes only two other stems in the whole language decline this same peculiar way, N{(q)cuaq}N and N{ŋŋuaq}N (neither modeled here).", "Legacy lexical_facts.valency remains unset: this is a V-to-N affix, not an independent transitive/intransitive verb. MOFO describes a restricted copular construction; Bjornum2012 additionally attests direct verbal hosts.", "SOURCE SCOPE DIFFERENCE: Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +galuaq (lines 536–561) gives pulaaraluaq, sinikkaluaq and kamaakkaluit on direct verbal hosts. The copula requirement applies there specifically to names/titles: -uvoq with nonpossessive endings, -gaa/-raa with possessive endings; deceased is usual, former is possible, but +simasoq/+nikuusaq usually expresses former better. MOFO’s only-after-copulas statement above is retained as its narrower account, not a universal host restriction. K9 explicitly gives +galuaq on vowel stems, -raluaq on r-stems, +kaluaq on consonant stems and says it declines like -nnguaq; no unrestricted productivity or complete selector is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who admittedly ___; former or deceased ___ in a copular name/title construction", "en_short": "one who admittedly ___-s", "da": "en der ellers gør det; tidligere eller afdøde ___ i navne- og stillingsudtryk med være eller have som ___", "da_short": "en der ellers ___; tidligere eller afdøde ___", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "ellers ___; tidligere eller afdøde ___ i navne- og stillingsudtryk med være eller have som ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illoqarfiugaluaq", "natural": "A former town. (from illoqarfik, 'town' + N_u_Vb 'to be' + this affix -- a town that is now deserted)" }, { "surface": "angutigigalua", "natural": "His late father. (from {aŋutə}N, 'man', possessed = 'father', + N{-gə}V 'have as' + this affix, with /aq/ dropped before the possessive ending; MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871)" }, { "surface": "pisassarigaluarput", "natural": "The catch we should have had (but in fact didn't get). (from pisaq, 'catch', + nominal future N{kcaq}N + N{-gə}V + this affix + ABS.1pl/sg possessive '-vut'; MOFO cites Fortescue 1984)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/galuaq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +galuaq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "AITWG-Affixes:p.23" ], "id": "V_galuaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kiak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one that continuously Vb's" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kiak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO flags this as a seemingly non-productive affix, only found in a small number of lexicalised words -- unlike V_galuaq_N above, no independent corroboration (Nielsen2012, Bjornum2012, AITWG-Affixes) was found for this specific affix (searched by the bare strings 'kiak'/'-kiak': all hits in Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 turned out to be either a homophonous but unrelated particle ('+kiak', 'though/nevertheless', restricted to adverbs/question words -- Nielsen2012 §7.3) or the unrelated lexical stem kikiak ('a nail') -- neither is this affix).", "Of MOFO's own two cited examples, only kaavikiak has a clear base (kaavippoq, 'it rotates'); qillakiak's own base is explicitly flagged by MOFO as not given in any of its cited dictionaries (only a possibly-related noun, qillarnaq, 'pearlside' fish, is suggested) -- recorded as-is, not resolved here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one that keeps on ___-ing", "da": "noget der bliver ved med at gøre det (verbet)", "da_short": "noget der bliver ved med at ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kaavikiak", "natural": "a spinner (a toy that spins; from kaavippoq, 'it rotates'; MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" }, { "surface": "qillakiak", "natural": "glitter (base word uncertain -- see notes; MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:kiak" ], "id": "V_kiak_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "V_maaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "one who is accustomed to V-ing (also: accomplished/skilled at V-ing)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-mmaaq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is V{(m)maaq}N; New orthography '+maaq, -mmaaq' (Old orthography '-mâĸ). left_sandhi:default and right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision are direct transcriptions of MOFO's own top-level facet labels for this entry ('Left sandhi: Default'; 'Right sandhi: /aq/ drop', identical tooltip wording to this repo's already-modeled V_galuaq_N above, which established the ghost_aq_elision mapping for that exact facet text). inflection_sandhi:none matches MOFO's declension-table facet ('Inflection sandhi: Default/none'), the same mapping already used for V_kiak_N above.", "boundary_behavior deliberately left at the deverbal_noun template's truncating default, NOT overridden: the two cited citation forms carry opposite sandhi marks ('+maaq', additive-marked, vs. '-mmaaq', truncative/geminate-marked), and the single attested example (pimmaasoq, below) shows the geminate 'mm' form attaching even onto the vowel-final dummy root {pi}V -- which does not cleanly confirm either citation form as the vowel-stem vs. consonant-stem 'elsewhere' allomorph. Left unresolved rather than guessed, matching this repo's established practice for genuinely mixed sandhi-mark evidence (V_ti_N, V_tsiiaq_N above); underlying_form is set to the hyphen-marked '-mmaaq' form for the same reason those two entries chose their own hyphen-marked citation form, as the reading consistent with the un-overridden truncating default.", "MOFO's own prose flags that Schultz-Lorentzen's (1958) two illustrative example words for this affix (merssutdlamauvoq, nâgdliutdlamauvoq) are more likely mis-attributed instances of the separate, already-modeled V{llammak}N (this repo's V_llammak_N above) rather than this affix -- MOFO gives its own phonological argument (V{llaq}V{(m)maaq}V would yield /llaqmaaq/, not the /llamm-/ needed for those forms) and explicitly calls the relationship between this affix, V{llaq}V, and V{llammak}N 'unclear'. Those two Schultz-Lorentzen words are therefore deliberately NOT cited as examples of this affix here, following MOFO's own analysis; the 'See also' cross-reference to V{llammak}N on MOFO's page is recorded here for traceability only, not as evidence the two affixes are the same -- no collision was found against V_llammak_N's own entry (different underlying_form, different citation history), and they are kept as separate entries.", "MOFO states this affix 'only seems to appear in Schultz-Lorentzen (1958), and not elsewhere' (absent from the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary too, per MOFO's own text). A real search independently confirms this: absent from AITWG-Affixes Chapter 2 'Nominalisers' (docs/affixlist/2-nominalisers.md, a cover-to-cover transcription per that file's own fidelity notes -- no '(m)maaq'/'mmaaq'/'mâĸ' entry there), absent from Nielsen2012's nominal-affix chapter (docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/5.5-nominaltilhaeng.md, grepped for 'maaq'/'mmaaq' -- the only hit is the unrelated affix ÷ssamaaq, this repo's own N_ssamaaq_N in nominal_extenders.yaml), and absent from Bjornum2012's affix chapter (docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md, no 'maaq' hits at all). This independently confirms MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag on this entry (grep-verified against the raw HTML), and grounds the tail tier under CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy on both of that policy's independent grounds at once (nonproductive tag, and no independent source found after a real search).", "Direct historical attestation: Kleinschmidt1871's `.-mmaavoq` entry gives `eqalunniarneq pimmaasoq`, glossed as someone practiced/experienced at catching salmon. This reproduces MOFO's own worked example and directly confirms the accustomed/accomplished-at-V-ing sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one used to ___-ing; also, one who is skilled at it", "da": "en der er vant til at gøre det (verbet); også: en der er dygtig til det", "da_short": "en der er vant til at ___", "composition": { "da": "en der er vant til at ___; en der er dygtig til det" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er vant til at ___; også: en der er dygtig til det" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pimmaasoq", "natural": "one who is accustomed/accomplished (at it) -- MOFO's own example, built on the dummy root {pi}V ('to do/be'), cited in the phrase 'eqalunniarneq pimmaasoq', 'one who is accustomed/accomplished at fishing salmon' (eqalunniarneq, 'salmon-fishing', is a separate head noun, not part of the affixed word itself). Per MOFO's own note, the derivation is {pi}V + this affix + N{-u}V ('to be', causing /aq/ drop) + V{ðuq}N (the intransitive-participle affix, this repo's own V_soq_N above). MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958." } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/(m)maaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-mmaavoq#e9862" ], "id": "V_maaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "V_rusuk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "the (nominalized) desire to V; nominal counterpart of the desiderative V{(q)gusuk}V 'want/desire to Vb' -- semantically equivalent to that affix combined with V_neq_N (per Schultz-Lorentzen's own gloss, 'want/desire')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_rusuk_N:85716eca930b", "items": [ { "text": "the (nominalized) desire to V; nominal counterpart of the desiderative V{(q)gusuk}V 'want/desire to Vb' -- semantically equivalent to that affix combined with V_neq_N (per Schultz-Lorentzen's own gloss, 'want/desire')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vn/(q)gusuk", "Kleinschmidt1871:perusoqanngilaq", "Oqaatsit1997:perusoqanngilaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:perusoqanngilaq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rusuk", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is V{(q)gusuk}N, explicitly labelled a 'nominal variant' of the sibling V->V affix V{(q)gusuk}V ('want/desire to Vb', already this repo's own V_rusuk_Vb in kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml). scripts/mofo_collision_check.py's '-rusuk' hit resolves to that V->V sibling entry, confirmed by reading it -- it is NOT this V->N nominalized sense, which has no entry anywhere in this repo yet. MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 for the gloss ('want/desire') and explicitly states this sense 'seems equivalent to the combination V{(q)gusuk}V + V{nəq}N' (this repo's own V_neq_N).", "New orthography per MOFO's own table gives two citation variants, '-rusuk' (used as underlying_form here, matching the sibling V_rusuk_Vb's own citation-over-bracket convention) and '-kkusuk' -- MOFO's own declension table for THIS entry only works through the -rusuk/-rusu (before-consonant/before-vowel) allomorph pair; '-kkusuk' is listed at the top of the page but not further glossed or exemplified here. It plausibly parallels the k-initial-consonant-stem allomorph '+kusuppoq' independently attested for the V->V sibling by both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 (per V_rusuk_Vb's own note), but that is not asserted as confirmed for this N-forming sense specifically -- neither independent source attests this affix's N-forming sense at all (see tier note below), so the -kkusuk variant rests on MOFO's citation alone and is recorded here in prose only, not as a second underlying_form.", "left_sandhi:default, right_sandhi:none, and inflection_sandhi:none directly transcribe MOFO's own three top-level facet labels for this entry ('Left sandhi: Default', 'Right sandhi: Default/none', 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none'). boundary_behavior is left at the deverbal_noun template's own truncating default (not overridden), consistent with both of MOFO's hyphen-marked citation forms.", "TIER/PRODUCTIVITY: MOFO's own Tags section marks this affix Tags/List/stem/nonproductive ('Non-productive morpheme'), and its own prose is explicit: 'It is not mentioned in newer dictionaries, and even Schultz-Lorentzen only gives a single example, so it is clearly not used productively.' A real search (not a token grep-and-give-up) of AITWG-Affixes' own Chapter 2 nominalisers list (docs/affixlist/2-nominalisers.md, which lists every OTHER V->N affix already modeled in this repo's deverbal_nouns.yaml, including this affix's own V->V sibling's neighbours) found no headword for this affix at all. Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's own transcribed extracts were grepped broadly (bare forms 'rusuk'/'gusuk'/'kusuk'/'rusoq'/'gusoq'/'kusoq' and the V->V citation '-rusuppoq') and likewise show no V->N headword for this affix -- the only hits are the unrelated V->V '-rusuppoq' sibling (already independently cited on V_rusuk_Vb) and one unrelated homophonous stem, Nielsen2012's own '+kusuk N_m, stakkels N' ('poor/pitiable N', §7.3 Historiske tilhæng, an entirely different root and meaning) -- not cited as corroboration here. Per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative hybrid-by-tier policy this is therefore a tail-tier, MOFO:-only entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the desire to ___", "en_short": "the (nominalized) desire to ___", "da": "lysten til at gøre det (verbet)", "da_short": "lysten til at ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "perusoqanngilaq", "natural": "he has no desire for anything (MOFO's/Schultz-Lorentzen's only cited example for this affix -- built on the dummy base {pi}V, 'do/be something', used to show the affix's 'pure' meaning, with N{-qaq}V 'have' and V{ŋŋit}V 'negation'; MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/(q)gusuk", "Kleinschmidt1871:perusoqanngilaq", "Oqaatsit1997:perusoqanngilaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:perusoqanngilaq" ], "id": "V_rusuk_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kulaccusiq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "frequent V-ing; the habit of V-ing often (an abstract 'V'ness'-type noun)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kulassuseq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is V{-kulaccusiq}N, an explicitly compositional combination of two already-modeled sibling affixes: V{-kula}V ('often', this repo's own V_kulaq_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml) and V{ccusiq}N ('V'ness', this repo's own V_ssuseq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml, underlying_form '-ssuseq'). MOFO's own text describes it as a straightforward combination of the two, with a correspondingly straightforward compositional meaning. Modeled as its own entry here (rather than treated as a mere live stacking of the two existing affixes) because MOFO lists it as its own dictionary headword with its own citation forms, sources, and examples, distinct from the arbitrary-compound Combinations/ list -- the same 'built on X but still its own entry' precedent already established in this chapter's sibling deverbal_nouns.yaml for V_nerpaaq_N/V_nersaq_N/V_nertooq_N (all explicitly 'Built on V_neq_comparative_N' yet kept as separate entries).", "left_sandhi:truncative is MOFO's own top-level facet for this entry ('Left sandhi: Truncative').", "right_sandhi:assibilation and inflection_sandhi:geminating are MOFO's own top-level facets for this entry ('Right sandhi: Assibilation (t⇒s)'; 'Inflection sandhi: Geminating, Irregular'), and MOFO's own prose is explicit that both are simply inherited from the affix's own right-most constituent ('Inflection sandhi is inherited from the right-most component, V{ccusiq}N. See this for details.'). That constituent is this repo's own V_ssuseq_N, which independently models the identical geminating alternation (morphology_class.gemination: s->ts) on Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's own authority -- mirrored here rather than re-derived, since MOFO itself says it is the same mechanism, not a new one. MOFO's own dual label 'Geminating, Irregular' for the inflection-sandhi facet is the SAME dual label already given -- and already resolved the same way, geminating-only, with the 'Irregular' qualifier left uncoded -- on V_ssuseq_N's own MOFO source page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vn/ccusiq.html); not a new ambiguity introduced by this entry.", "Oqaatsit1997:-kulassuseq#e7010 independently lists this compound as an o-t headword and prints imikulassuseq, nerikulassuseq and sinikulassuseq with the frequent-drinking/eating/sleeping meanings. This supersedes the former claim that no independent compound headword was found. The earlier unsuccessful search of the three grammar transcriptions does not negate this dictionary evidence.", "The exact dictionary row corroborates the lexical compound and those three examples, not the inherited gemination or a complete declension paradigm. MOFO marks its old-orthography citation as constructed from the components; it is not an independently attested historical spelling. No new productive attachment or inflection rule is admitted by this citation refinement." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "frequent ___-ing; the habit of doing it often", "en_short": "frequent ___-ing", "da": "det ofte at gøre det (verbet); vanen med at gøre det tit", "da_short": "det ofte at ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imikulassuseq", "natural": "frequent drinking (MOFO's own example, from imerpoq, 'he drinks'; MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997)" }, { "surface": "nerikulassuseq", "natural": "frequent eating (MOFO's own example, from nerivoq, 'he eats'; MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997)" }, { "surface": "sinikulassuseq", "natural": "frequent sleeping (MOFO's own example, from sinippoq, 'he sleeps'; MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/-kulaccusiq", "Oqaatsit1997:-kulassuseq#e7010" ], "id": "V_kulaccusiq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qluq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "something that is more V-ing (Kleinschmidt's own translation; MOFO itself flags this as only an approximate gloss, poorly supported by the lexicalised words that actually carry this affix)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qluq_N:9f68c62d13d9", "items": [ { "text": "something that is more V-ing (Kleinschmidt's own translation; MOFO itself flags this as only an approximate gloss, poorly supported by the lexicalised words that actually carry this affix)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vn/qluq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-rloq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rloq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch1 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Non-productive affix, found only in a small number of lexicalised words -- MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag is present on this entry (grep-confirmed), independently matching its own prose ('This is a non-productive affix found in some lexicalised words').", "left_sandhi:truncative rests on MOFO's own directly-stated facet for this entry ('Left sandhi: Truncative'), the same q-initial pattern (bracket form V{-qluq}N begins with a single /q/, not a geminate cluster) already grounded elsewhere in this file via AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule (e.g. V_qat_N, V_riaq_N, V_rlaaq_N above) -- cited here as additional independent corroboration of the same MOFO-stated fact, not as the sole basis.", "right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:none rest directly on MOFO's own facets for this entry ('Right sandhi: Default/none', 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none'); MOFO itself separately notes 'The inflection is not documented anywhere. We assume it declines regularly like a weak q-stem with p-declension' -- i.e. even MOFO's own declension_class/stem_type/strength facets below are an assumption, not attested inflection data, flagged here rather than smoothed over.", "REAL independent-source search performed, not a token grep-and-give-up: searched docs/affixlist/2-nominalisers.md (AITWG-Affixes Chapter 2, the V->N nominalisers chapter, confirmed by its own fidelity notes to be a complete, gap-free transcription of the source's entire chapter) for 'qluq'/'rloq' and for the bracket form -- no entry exists under any spelling. Searched docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/ (including 5.5-nominaltilhaeng.md and 7.3-historiske-tilhaeng.md, the sections most likely to carry a non-productive/lexicalised nominal affix) and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'qluq', 'rloq', the old-orthography form 'rdlo', and the five cited example words themselves (aqerloq, naqerloq, saarloq, norloq, amerloq) -- the only string hits found (perloqqunarsivoq, orloqaaq, marloqeqqanut) are incidental substring matches on unrelated words/affixes (the '+qqunarsi-' construction and other unrelated forms), not this affix. No collision or independent corroboration found in either source. Also checked kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml and nominal_modifiers.yaml for an N-attaching sibling sense of this same form -- none found.", "Qualifies for 'tail' tier on BOTH grounds given in CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy: MOFO's own non-productive tag is present, AND no independent source was found after the real search described above.", "GAP: per CLAUDE.md's MOFO: provenance exception, this entry is exempt from the Oqaasileriffik-dictionary lexeme cross-check for now. MOFO's own cited sources for this affix are Kleinschmidt 1871 (SK71), Jonathan Petersen 1967 (JP67, Ordbogeraq), and C.W. Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 (CWSL58) -- reputable but not independently re-verified here. Needs a docs/investigations/mofo/mofo-parity-tracking.md backlog row per the MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something more ___ (imprecise meaning, only a few fixed words)", "da": "noget der er mere det (verbet) (upræcis betydning, kun i nogle enkelte faste ord)", "da_short": "noget der er mere det", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aqerloq", "natural": "lead; a bullet (MOFO cites Petersen 1967; lexicalised, from aqippoq, 'it is soft (malleable)')" }, { "surface": "naqerloq", "natural": "a hollow/low area in the landscape (MOFO cites Petersen 1967; lexicalised, from naqippaa, 'he presses it down; compresses it')" }, { "surface": "saarloq", "natural": "a bald spot (MOFO cites Petersen 1967; lexicalised, from saappoq, 'it is thin/flat')" }, { "surface": "amerloq", "natural": "a narrow creek (MOFO cites Petersen 1967; lexicalised, from amippoq, 'it is thin; narrow; slender')" }, { "surface": "norloq", "natural": "a noose (MOFO cites Petersen 1967; lexicalised, base unclear -- MOFO itself does not identify a source verb)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/qluq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-rloq" ], "id": "V_qluq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "V_riut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "meaning": "just after Possessor Vb'ed (used only inflected with possessive endings, marking the Subject of the underlying verb)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_riut_N:d7c26f7d5f5b", "items": [ { "text": "just after Possessor Vb'ed (used only inflected with possessive endings, marking the Subject of the underlying verb)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vn/-riutə", "Oqaatsit1997:-riutaa" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riut", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is V{-riutə}N, analysed there as a lexicalized combination of two affixes already modeled elsewhere in this repo: V_riaq_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml, V{-riaq}V) and V_ut_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml, V{-utə}N/V{-(cc)utə}N, 'means/instrument/cause for V-ing'), with V_riaq_Vb's own final /aq/ dropping before the /ut/ base. Cross-checked directly against MOFO's own constituent page for the V{-(cc)utə}N half (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vn/-(cc)utə.html, New orthography '-ut, -at, -ssut') -- an exact match to V_ut_N's own already-cited '-ut'/'-ssut' allomorph set, confirming this really is that same constituent, not a coincidence of spelling. Even though the resulting stem is nominal, MOFO's own text states the combination's *meaning* stays verbal ('just after Possessor Vb'ed'), with V_ut_N's own instrumental sense used here in a temporal reading, attested only with possessive endings marking the Subject of the underlying verb.", "Independent grammar search, distinct from dictionary attestation: MOFO's own 'See also' list on this page names a distinct sibling, V{niariutə}N, as 'a different construction with the same meaning'. This repo's pre-existing V_utege_Vb entry (sentential_affixes.yaml) already cross-references exactly that sibling (its own citation form +niariutaa, built from V_niaq_Vb + V_riaq_Vb + V_ut_N -- i.e. WITH an extra niaq that this affix lacks), sourced to AITWG-Affixes p.51-52's own footnote. Checked directly against that footnote's source text (docs/affixlist/8-sentential-affixes.md): AITWG-Affixes discusses -llaataa and +niariutaa as '...a few other nominal forms... that nevertheless have a sentence-like meaning' built on V{-utə}N, but never mentions the bare riaq+ut combination (without niaq) that is this entry's own MOFO page. So despite the shared -ut(ə) base and near-identical gloss, AITWG-Affixes corroborates only the niaq-containing sibling, not this exact affix. A grep of docs/affixlist/, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/, and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'riut' and plausible variants found no further hits for this bare form (Nielsen2012's own 'aalisariut' hit is this repo's pre-existing V_niut_N example, an unrelated affix, a substring coincidence only). This search did not establish an independent grammatical account of the shorter compound; it is not a claim that no dictionary attestation exists.", "Oqaatsit1997:-riutaa#e13926 independently lists the temporal construction with aneriutaa, oqariutaa and nikueriutaa and their just-as translations. This supports the existing lexical examples, not an independently identified uninflected base for each word, a complete possessive paradigm or unrestricted productive truncation. The niariutaa sibling remains a distinct construction.", "underlying_form is the schwa-stripped bare citation '-riut', matching this repo's own established convention for this same -(cc)utə affix family (V_ut_N's '-ut', V_niut_N's '+niut') and MOFO's own tə-stem facet (morphology_class.stem_type below): the stem-final schwa is unwritten unless a following phoneme determines its sound. MOFO's own New/Old-orthography table fields for this specific affix instead give the possessive-inflected surface shape directly ('-riutaa'/'-riutâ'), because -- per the source's own Form-and-usage text -- the combination 'is only used with possessive endings', so a bare, unpossessed absolutive form is never actually attested standalone; all three of MOFO's own cited example words below show exactly this possessive-inflected '-riutaa' shape, not the bare form.", "MOFO does not supply an explicit uninflected base-verb citation form for any of its three cited examples on this page (unlike, e.g., its treatment of V_galuaq_N's examples elsewhere in this file) -- none is asserted here; only the cited surface forms and MOFO's own glosses are used." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "just after he/she ___-ed (needs a possessor)", "da": "lige efter at han/hun gjorde det (verbet) (bruges kun med ejestedord)", "da_short": "lige efter at han/hun gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aneriutaa", "natural": "just as he came out (then ...) (MOFO's own example, citing Oqaatsit 1997)" }, { "surface": "oqariutaa", "natural": "just as he said (something, then ...) (MOFO's own example, citing Oqaatsit 1997)" }, { "surface": "nikueriutaa", "natural": "just as he got up (then ...), e.g. got up from a chair (MOFO's own example, citing Oqaatsit 1997)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/-riutə", "Oqaatsit1997:-riutaa#e13926" ], "id": "V_riut_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "V_utaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "tool/means for V-ing (a non-productive, lexicalized-only nominalizer; MOFO's own gloss is 'tool/means to Vb')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_utaq_N:dd585fa2a479", "items": [ { "text": "tool/means for V-ing (a non-productive, lexicalized-only nominalizer; MOFO's own gloss is 'tool/means to Vb')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vn/-utaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -utaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:nivaataq", "Oqaatsit1997:nivaataq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nivaataq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-utaq", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch1 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is V{-utaq}N, with three further citation-form variants under the same headword: -qutaq, -qqutaq, -lutaq (New orthography; old orthography -utaĸ, -ĸutaĸ, -rĸutaĸ, -lutaĸ). MOFO's own 'Constituents' field analyzes this as V{-(cc)utə}N + {?} -- i.e. a lexicalized combination of the affix already modeled in this repo as V_ut_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml, '-ut'/'-ssut', 'means/instrument/cause for V-ing') plus an unidentified further formant. MOFO's own etymology section reports Kleinschmidt's/Schultz-Lorentzen's speculation that the extra piece could be N{-aq}N ('thing resembling') or N{taq}N ('thing pertaining to'), but explicitly calls how the combination yields the attested form 'unclear'. Recorded in prose only, not modeled as a schema field.", "DISAMBIGUATION from V_ut_N (already in kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml): kept as a separate entry despite the shared '-ut' root and near-identical 'means/tool for V-ing' gloss. MOFO gives this affix its own separate detail page/morphemic form (V{-utaq}N, distinct from V{-(cc)utə}N) with its own distinct declension pattern (weak q-stem, p-declined, with a rare t=>tt gemination not shared by V_ut_N's own -ut/-ssut paradigm). Nielsen2012 independently corroborates the separateness, cataloguing '÷utaq' as its own headword in §5.5.1.5, distinct from its own '+utə 3' headword (this repo's V_ut_N) in the same subsection -- with a further, THIRD separate headword '÷qutaq' (also §5.5.1.5, 'kun leksikaliseret', one example: nalunaaqutaq) for the -qutaq variant specifically. Bjornum2012, by contrast, presents '-utaq'/'-qutaq' folded into one shared table/paragraph alongside -ut/+ut/-at/-gut/-ssut/-t (9-affikser.md, Kap. 9 §6, s.v. -ut), with an explicit cross-reference '-utaq, se -ut (v-n)' -- i.e. Bjornum2012's own presentation treats it as an allomorph of -ut rather than a separate headword. This is a genuine disagreement between the independent sources on how 'separate' the affix is, flagged here rather than smoothed over; MOFO's and Nielsen2012's finer-grained, headword-level treatment (plus the distinct declension pattern) is followed for this repo's own entry-splitting decision, matching scripts/mofo_collision_check.py's own CLEAR verdict (no collision) against V_ut_N's underlying form.", "left_sandhi:irregular reflects MOFO's own dual tag for this affix (Truncative + Irregular): the base -utaq form is 'regularly truncative', but MOFO's own left-sandhi description documents unexplained variant forms -- -(q)qutaq on some original q-stems (possibly by influence from the separate, N-attaching sibling affix N{-qutaq}N, per MOFO's own 'See also' cross-reference; not modeled in this repo -- confirmed absent from kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml and nominal_modifiers.yaml by grep), and -lutaq on original t-stems (e.g. oqimaalutaq from {uqimait}V) -- that MOFO itself states cannot be reduced to a clean rule ('this should only be seen as a hypothesis'). MOFO's other 'See also' cross-reference, V{(q)qutə}N (related to the lexicalized word nalunaaqqut, 'mark/sign'), is likewise a distinct sibling affix, not modeled here.", "inflection_sandhi:geminating / morphology_class.gemination{from: t, to: tt}: MOFO's own worked example is nalunaa(q)qutaq -> nalunaa(q)quttat (ERG.pl), explicitly flagged by MOFO as unusual because /t/ is not a fricative and does not normally geminate -- unlike this repo's other geminating deverbal nouns, V_ssuseq_N and V_useq_N, both of which geminate s=>ts." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tool for ___-ing; means for ___-ing", "da": "redskab til at gøre det; middel til at gøre det", "da_short": "redskab til at ___; middel til at ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "t", "to": "tt" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nivaataq", "natural": "shovel (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from nivappoq, 'he shovels snow'; independently attested with the identical form and etymology by Nielsen2012 §5.5.1.5 s.v. ÷utaq and Bjornum2012 K9§6 s.v. -ut)" }, { "surface": "pituutaq", "natural": "rein (for a sled dog); mooring line (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from pituppaa, 'he ties it to something'; independently attested with the identical form and etymology by Nielsen2012 §5.5.1.5 s.v. ÷utaq and Bjornum2012 K9§6 s.v. -ut)" }, { "surface": "nalunaaqutaq", "natural": "watch, clock (illustrates the -qutaq variant, not bare -utaq; MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from nalunaarpoq, 'he announces something'; independently attested with the identical form and etymology by Nielsen2012 §5.5.1.5 s.v. ÷qutaq -- its own separate headword there -- and Bjornum2012 K9§6 s.v. -ut)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/-utaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -utaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:nivaataq", "Oqaatsit1997:nivaataq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nivaataq" ], "id": "V_utaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ngajak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "something that is almost Vb (adjectival/quality-verb sense, e.g. 'almost white', 'almost new')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ngajak_N:de362de20208", "items": [ { "text": "something that is almost Vb (adjectival/quality-verb sense, e.g. 'almost white', 'almost new')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vn/-ŋajak" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngajak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch1 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "ŋ-initial affix (MOFO bracket form V{-ŋajak}N): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule grounds left_sandhi:truncative, the same reasoning already established throughout this file's sibling deverbal_nouns.yaml for other ŋ-initial affixes (V_kkajaaq_N, V_nnguarsi_N), and directly confirmed by MOFO's own facet page for this affix ('Left sandhi: Truncative').", "MOFO's own facet page describes this entry as 'a nominal variant of V{-ŋajak}V' (the V->V 'almost Vb' verbal-extender sibling, not modeled in this repo), adding it 'is mentioned in Schultz-Lorentzen (1958), but is probably seldom used nowadays' and is semantically equivalent to the periphrastic combination V{-ŋajak}V{ðuq}N (this repo's own V_ngajak_V, not modeled, composed with the intransitive-participle affix).", "SIBLING, NOT COLLISION: distinct from this repo's already-existing N_ngajak_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, 'almost an N', independently corroborated there by AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012/Nielsen2012), which is the N{-ŋajak}N denominal variant of the identical citation form. MOFO itself lists V{-ŋajak}V, V{-ŋajak}N (this entry) and N{-ŋajak}N as separate cross-referenced 'Variants' of one another on each of their own pages -- three distinct lexical entries sharing one root, not duplicates. This entry is specifically the V-attaching (deverbal) sense; scripts/mofo_collision_check.py flags a string-level COLLISION against N_ngajak_N for both '-ngajak' and '-ŋajak', but reading that entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml lines 253-272) confirms its template (denominal_noun_truncating), meaning ('almost an N'), and worked examples (nutaaq/qulit/ataaseq -- all nominal/numeral hosts) are all the N-attaching sense, not this V-attaching one.", "DISAMBIGUATION -- surface-form homonymy: MOFO's own worked example nutaangajak ('almost new') for THIS V-attaching entry (derived from the verb nutaavoq, or nutaajuvoq, 'it is new') is surface-identical to N_ngajak_N's own independently-sourced Bjornum2012 example nutaangajak (derived from the noun/quality stem nutaaq, 'new'). Recorded as-is, not resolved: Kalaallisut quality words like nutaaq/nutaavoq characteristically have both nominal and verbal stem realizations, so the identical surface string is plausibly analysable under either affix; MOFO's own page attributes this specific citation to the verbal base.", "No independent corroboration was found for this specific V-attaching sense after a real search (not a single grep-and-stop): AITWG-Affixes' own nominalisers chapter (docs/affixlist/2-nominalisers.md) has no 'ngajak'/'ajak'/'almost' hit at all. Nielsen2012's transcribed extracts document '÷ngajak' only in its N-attaching sense (5.5-nominaltilhaeng.md, 'næsten N; plur. ÷ngajaat', examples nutaaq->nutaangajak/qulit->qulingajaat/ikinngut->ikinngutingajak -- the same examples already cited on N_ngajak_N), cross-referenced from a historical-affix index entry (7.3-historiske-tilhaeng.md, '÷ngajek-, se ÷ngajak') that resolves to this same N-attaching headword, not a separate V-attaching one; a participial-mood example elsewhere in Nielsen2012 (6.5-mest-om-verber.md, nungungajakkai, 'næsten havde tømt') uses the unrelated V{-ŋajak}V sibling (verb stays a verb, inflected with a participial ending), not this V->N affix. Bjornum2012's transcribed extracts label '-ngajak' explicitly 'n-n' in both places it appears (6-diverse.md line 344, 9-affikser.md line 1376), never 'v-n'. MOFO's own facet page is the only source found anywhere for the V-attaching sense, and it in turn cites only Schultz-Lorentzen (1958)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something that is almost ___ (e.g. almost white, almost new)", "da": "noget der næsten er sådan (f.eks. 'næsten hvid', 'næsten ny')", "en_short": "something that is almost ___", "da_short": "noget der næsten er sådan", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qaqungajak", "natural": "almost white (MOFO's example, from qaqorpoq, 'it is white'; MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" }, { "surface": "nutaangajak", "natural": "almost new (MOFO's example, from nutaavoq, or nutaajuvoq, 'it is new'; MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 -- see disambiguation note above regarding the surface-identical but separately-sourced N-attaching example already cited on N_ngajak_N)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/-ŋajak" ], "id": "V_ngajak_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qqik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "(with possessive endings) one who is more Vb'ing than Possessor, comparable to the comparative sense of V{nəq}N (this repo's V_neq_comparative_N); (without possessive endings, chiefly on colour verbs) pure/clear N, highly/completely N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qqik_N:3e0f5b1aa61f", "items": [ { "text": "(with possessive endings) one who is more Vb'ing than Possessor, comparable to the comparative sense of V{nəq}N (this repo's V_neq_comparative_N); (without possessive endings, chiefly on colour verbs) pure/clear N, highly/completely N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vn/nqək", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqik" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch1 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own left-sandhi facet for this affix is the generic, non-committal 'Default' label ('the morpheme is additive, epenthetic or phonotactically truncative; its sandhi-behaviour can be inferred directly from the morphemic form') -- unlike V_galuaq_N above, where the same nominal 'Default' tag was corroborated by that page's own additive-attachment description, this page gives no affix-specific commitment either way. left_sandhi:truncative is instead grounded independently via AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 (phonotactic truncativity forced by a consonant cluster) plus AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule, applied to this affix's own qq-cluster-initial citation form (-qqik) -- the identical reasoning already used in this file for its other qq-initial affixes (V_qqaaq_N, V_qqammeq_N). boundary_behavior is therefore left at the deverbal_noun template's own truncating default, with no override needed (unlike V_galuaq_N's additive override above).", "inflection_sandhi:weakening and right_sandhi:none are MOFO's own explicit, non-ambiguous facet labels for this affix ('Inflection sandhi: Weakening' -- final /k/ nasalates to /ŋ/ and /q/ lenites to /r/ before vowel-initial endings; 'Right sandhi: Default/none'), directly confirmed by MOFO's own worked declension table (stem-before-consonant nqik vs. stem-before-vowel nqiŋ, e.g. ABS.sg -qqik vs. ERG.sg -qqingup, ERG.pl -qqingit) and by Kleinschmidt's and Schultz-Lorentzen's shared description (per MOFO) that this affix inflects 'with nasalation of the final /k/ before vowel-initial endings; e.g. -qqinga with absolutive 3sg/sg N{-a}' -- the same pattern of citing MOFO's own declension-table facet directly, without independent re-verification, already used for this file's other MOFO-derived entries.", "MOFO describes this as a non-productive nominal variant of V{nqik}V (a separate V->V affix, not modeled in this repo), historically fused from V{nəq}N (the comparative sense) plus a further, unclear element. MOFO itself records the fused vowel as /ə/ (schwa) despite Kleinschmidt's and the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's evidence that the related V{nqik}V's own final vowel is historically /i/, not /ə/ -- MOFO's own explanation (recorded here in prose only, not modeled as a schema field) is that this affix's declension has come to be REINTERPRETED as an /ə/-final stem by analogy with the productive V{nəq}N, even though that is not the historical form. This repo follows MOFO's own recorded surface citation form ('-qqik') rather than adjudicating the /i/-vs-/ə/ analysis itself.", "MOFO's own two cited sources for this affix, Kleinschmidt 1871 and Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, are dictionary entries not independently re-verified here. Searched for independent corroboration of this exact affix (bare strings 'qqik'/'nqik'/'qqinga' and the cited example words 'angeqqinga'/'narloqqinganik'/'sungaaqqik'/'tungujoqqik') in AITWG-Affixes Chapter 2 'Nominalisers' (docs/affixlist/2-nominalisers.md -- this repo's own complete transcription of the chapter; every one of its ~15 V->N entries already corresponds to an existing entry in this file or its deverbal_nouns.yaml sibling, and none is this affix), Nielsen2012, and Bjornum2012 (docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/, docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ -- all raw string hits were coincidental, e.g. the unrelated and very common verbal affix -qqippoq 'again' embedded in words like tigoqqikkumaarpat); none found. MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag is also present on this affix's page (confirmed directly in the raw HTML). Both of CLAUDE.md's 'MOFO Full-Parity Initiative' tail-tier triggers are therefore independently satisfied.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqik#e9964 explicitly gives .qqik with possessed .qqinga, confirming k-to-ng weakening. MOFO TOML labels its stem_type strong_qstem, but its own -qqik/-qqingup/-qqingit table and prose describe k-to-ng, not q-to-r. The velar weakening class follows these cited forms rather than the inconsistent q-stem label. The provincial .qqi/.qqaa variant remains unencoded; no conditioning selector is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "more ___ than {{Actor}} else; or pure ___; or completely ___", "da": "en der er mere sådan end en anden; ren, helt igennem sådan; klar, helt igennem sådan", "da_short": "en der er mere sådan end en anden", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er mere sådan end en anden; ren, helt igennem sådan; klar, helt igennem sådan" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angeqqinga", "natural": "one who is bigger than him (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from angivoq, 'he is big', with absolutive 3sg/sg N{-a} indicating 'than him')" }, { "surface": "narloqqinganik taarserli", "natural": "let it be exchanged for one that is straighter (than it) (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from narluvoq, 'it is straight', and taarserpaa, 'he exchanges it', used intransitively with the optative 3sg V{li})" }, { "surface": "sungaaqqik", "natural": "pure yellow (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from sungaarpoq, 'it is yellow')" }, { "surface": "tungujoqqik", "natural": "pure/clear blue (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from tungujorpoq, 'it is blue')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vn/nqək", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqik#e9964" ], "id": "V_qqik_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nngaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> N", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "a state of being Vb'ing (lexicalized nominal-state forms in MOFO's analysis; personal and oblique constructions require separate source review -- see notes)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch1 nonproductive pass; MOFO Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket/morphemic form is V{ŋŋaq}N ('New orthography: -nngaq', 'Old orthography: '-ngaĸ'), explicitly tagged Tags/List/stem/nonproductive ('This is a non-productive affix found in a number of lexicalised nouns') -- the MOFO Full-Parity Initiative's own tail-tier trigger (CLAUDE.md), independently confirmed by a real search that turned up no corroboration: docs/affixlist/2-nominalisers.md (AITWG-Affixes' own V->N nominalisers chapter) has no 'ngaq'/'ŋŋaq' hit at all, and grepping docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'ngaq'/'ŋŋaq'/'nngaq' surfaces only unrelated -ngaq-final noun stems (qingaq 'nose', sapangaq 'bead', both irregular nominal paradigms, not this affix) -- no independent source names this specific V->N affix.", "left_sandhi:truncative is not MOFO's own explicit facet (MOFO lists 'Left sandhi: Default', its catch-all meaning 'infer from the morphemic form itself') -- inferred here the same way this repo already infers it for the ŋ-initial geminate-clustered sibling V_nnguarsi_N elsewhere in this file: the bracket form's onset ŋŋ is both a geminate consonant cluster (AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4, phonotactically forced truncativity) and ŋ-initial (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule), so left_sandhi:truncative follows the same established reasoning already used in this file, not a new, unverified claim.", "right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:none are MOFO's own explicit top-level facets for this entry ('Right sandhi: Default/none', 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none'), matching this file's own V_kiak_N precedent for identical MOFO wording.", "declension_class:none (below) directly matches a THIRD, separate MOFO facet ('Declension type: None' -- 'no/unknown declension pattern, e.g. because the stem is not used with unmarked absolutive/ergative endings'), not a repeat of the inflection_sandhi facet above: MOFO's own inflection description states this affix's nominal is used ONLY with ergative possessive endings (regardless of Subject/Object role) and follows a special nominative-accusative pattern (4th person for both transitive and intransitive Subjects, 3rd person only for transitive Objects) rather than the ordinary absolutive-ergative case system -- a genuinely irregular GRAMMATICAL fact, not a phonological sandhi alternation, so it is recorded here in prose rather than forced into inflection_sandhi's own enum (whose values describe stem-ending phonology, not paradigm choice). MOFO cross-references its own {tamaq}N base entry (now modeled here as tamaq) for the fuller worked paradigm.", "This same nominative-accusative case SYSTEM, as a real, independently-attested Kalaallisut phenomenon (though not this specific affix), is corroborated informally by Nielsen2012's own §4.1.1.3 ('Nominativ-akkusativ kasus'), which names the inclusive/exclusive pronouns tamaq*, iluunngaq*, kisi* as using it. 'iluunngaq' itself is filed by MOFO as a separate lexicalized base noun (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/base/n/əluuŋŋaq.html), not analyzed there as a live combination of this affix -- so it is NOT treated as an attested example of this entry, only as informal, structural corroboration that the case pattern MOFO describes for this affix is a real, independently-documented Kalaallisut phenomenon.", "stem_type/strength (below) mirror this repo's utoqqaq mapping (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) for the identical MOFO label 'Regular q-stem' -> uvular_retaining_stem/regular. declension_class deliberately does NOT mirror utoqqaq's own 'up' value: MOFO gives the two stems genuinely different Declension type facets (utoqqaq: up-declined; this affix: None) -- a real difference in the underlying data, not an oversight.", "MOFO's summary says only with possessive endings, but its detailed inflection paragraph also permits possessed or unpossessed prepositional cases. The former is not a universal restriction. Both statements remain source-scoped; exact dictionary adverbials do not by themselves establish a productive V-to-N rule, ordinary possession features, a complete personal paradigm or a computed decomposition.", "Oqaatsit1997 qianngarmi row e12926 gives crying, while the English row e12151 gives about to cry. These are distinct source readings. Preserve the prospective qualification in the English citation instead of silently substituting it for the Danish reading or for MOFO's lexical-state analysis.", "Schultz-Lorentzen independently attests sanninngarmik as crosswise, but the citation word alone does not identify its ending as third-plural personal marking or ordinary instrumental case. Nasaanngarmi remains a MOFO/Nielsen-reference lead with no exact hit in the thirteen searched fronts; the named transcribed Nielsen and Bjørnum chapters supplied no independent occurrence in this pass.", "AITWG §16.5 footnote 10 independently mentions ŋŋaq with qianngaq and nasaanngaq, but explicitly qualifies both the derivation and the with meaning as seems. It does not identify a V-to-N host class or establish that every such nominal/adverbial form uses this specific operator. Preserve this partial evidence and the uncertainty; do not promote productivity, admit guessed base forms, or replace the possessed examples with the bare Chapter 16 forms. Earlier source-search negatives are limited to the named source locations." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "being ___-ing", "da": "det at være i gang med at gøre det (verbet)", "da_short": "det at være i gang med at ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "none", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kussanngarmi", "natural": "with head down" }, { "surface": "sanninngarmik", "natural": "crosswise" }, { "surface": "qianngarmi", "natural": "crying (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from qiavoq, 'he cries')" }, { "surface": "mattaanngarmi", "natural": "bare-chested (MOFO cites Jonathan Petersen 1967's Ordbogêraĸ; compare mattaangavoq, 'his upper-body is naked')" }, { "surface": "toqunngarmi nakkarpoq", "natural": "it fell down, dead (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from toquvoq, 'he dies/is dead' -- used as Subject, hence the 4th-person form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.5", "MOFO:vn/ŋŋaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qianngarmi#e12926", "Oqaatsit1997:kussanngarmi#e6911", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kussanngarmi#e6630", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sanninngarmik#e15138", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sanninngarmik#e15138", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qianngarmi#e12151" ], "id": "V_nngaq_N", "category": "deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "N_giit_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "mutual/joint N relationship; a pair of Ns in pair-denoting uses (inherently plural)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-giit", "host_boundary_operations": [ "truncate_preceding_k_before_g" ], "notes": [ "oq#380 Bucket 5 / issue #240 follow-up: this entry and N_giiaat_N below used to be combined under one shared ID (matching AITWG-Affixes' own headword, which groups N{giik}N+N{t} 'pair of Ns, mutual Ns' and N{giiaat}N under one gloss line), following this repo's usual precedent for source-grouped citation forms. Split into two separate entries once a real worked-example bug exposed the difference: illuk takes BOTH -giit and -giiaat with two genuinely different meanings ('a matched pair' vs. 'arranged in pairs') -- the same host taking either form with a meaning contrast is definitive proof these are two distinct lexical headwords, not phonologically-conditioned allomorphs of one construction (contrast e.g. this repo's V_utə_N/V_ccutə_N, a true allomorph pair where the host's own shape *forces* the choice). Nielsen2012 independently catalogs them as separate headwords with distinct glosses: '÷giit, ÷riit: et par N, fælles om at være N; kun plur.' (a pair of N, jointly being N; plural only, this entry) vs '÷giiaat, +giiaat: fælles, flere; kun plur.' (shared, several; plural only, N_giiaat_N).", "Template/boundary_behavior: this is a g-initial affix attaching to noun stems, the exact class AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.6 ('g-sandhi') describes as additive by default ('behave like normal, additive morphemes'), with a specific, narrow exception: truncative (deleting the stem's final consonant) only on /k/-final stems -- AITWG's own formula is $$\\{S_1k\\}N\\{gS_2\\} \\to /S_1gS_2/$$ (truncative on /k/) vs. $$\\{S_1q\\}N\\{gS_2\\} \\to /S_1qgS_2/$$ ('additive on /q/ stems (as usual)'). This is corroborated directly by Nielsen2012's own worked example: illuk ('one of a pair') + giit -> illugiit -- the stem's final /k/ deletes before this affix, exactly matching Definition 2.6's k-stem exception.\nThis entry's original note treated Nielsen2012's own §5.1.4 ('Følgende trunkative tilhæng der begynder med ÷g-, er additive (+g-) ved q- og r-baser', i.e. these ÷g- affixes -- ÷giit among them -- are truncative-by-default with an additive exception at q-/r-final stems) as an unresolved, genuine tension with AITWG's opposite framing (additive-by-default, truncative only at k). Closer reading resolves this, and reveals AITWG's own formula does not hold exactly for -giit specifically: Nielsen2012's own §2.5.10 spells out what 'additive' actually means for a ÷g- affix at a q-/r-base -- 'Q eller r + g fusioneres undtagelsesløst til r' (q or r + g fuses WITHOUT EXCEPTION to r), directly contradicted by AITWG's literal /S1qgS2/ (q retained, unfused). §5.5.2.4's own attested paradigm for THIS exact affix settles it with real forms, not just competing prose: quleq ('the one above') + giiaat -> quleriiaat, and ilaqutaq ('relative') + giit -> ilaqutariit -- both q-final hosts, both surfacing the fused -riit/-riiaat allomorph, not an unfused '-qgiit'/'-qgiiaat'. Bjornum2012 independently corroborates with an explicit allomorph table rather than a single example: '-giit (pl.) (ved vokalstammen, k-stammen og t-stammen) / -riit (pl.) (ved q-stammen)' (at vowel-stems, k-stems and t-stems / at q-stems), i.e. TWO independent sources with directly attested forms agree -giit/-giiaat surfaces as -riit/-riiaat specifically at q-final stems, which is the same q+g->r fusion mechanism as the k-stem case (Nielsen2012:§2.5.10's companion rule, 'Enhver anden konsonant + g kan fusioneres til g', any OTHER consonant + g may fuse to g -- covering the k-stem/t-stem case) rather than a literally unfused 'additive' join. AITWG's Definition 2.6 formula, illustrated there with a DIFFERENT affix (N{ga}, 'my N', on aliqaq: /aliqaqga/, unfused), is therefore the correct DEFAULT statement for the g-sandhi class at large, but not a precise per-affix guarantee -- AITWG's own text concedes as much for this whole class ('this is still a quite large group, and here you do have to learn their sandhi-behaviour as a separate fact for each morpheme'). Nielsen2012's §5.1.4 blanket 'truncative-by-default, additive at q-/r-bases' framing and AITWG's 'additive-by-default, truncative only at k' framing turn out to describe the SAME underlying mechanism from opposite terminological poles (Nielsen's 'additive' at q-/r- bases = the q/r+g->r fusion product, not an unfused join) -- not a genuine, standing scholarly disagreement for -giit specifically. The schema has no general stem_type-keyed override of boundary_behavior/left_sandhi; the source-bounded k-stem branch is encoded with host_boundary_operations, while q-/r-stem fusion remains selected by the resolved uvular host profile, the same one-value-of-several-co-listed approach used elsewhere in this repo (e.g. V_tit_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml).", "oq-side note (2026-08, this repo's own schema gap has no stem_type-keyed left_sandhi/boundary_behavior override field -- confirmed absent from convert/grammar_schema.json's application_logic block, the same shape of gap issue #418's vowel_onset_allomorphs closed for a different axis): the k-stem truncative exception above is NOT actually unencoded end-to-end -- oq's own docs/allomorphy.js implements it as a narrowly id-scoped hardcoded exception, G_INITIAL_K_TRUNCATION_IDS = {N_giit_N, N_giiaat_N} (oq#380), gated on this morpheme's own id plus a literal /k$/ check on the preceding surface, kept deliberately id-scoped rather than schema-driven 'to avoid changing unrelated g-initial morphemes whose own boundary behavior may follow a different source rule.' The q-/r-stem fusion case above needs NO further oq-side change at all: oq issue #412 already generalized q+g->r fusion to any ADDITIVE g-initial addition on a uvular_final_stem host, dispatched purely from stemType (not a per-morpheme allowlist) -- confirmed directly against this affix by calling oq's own sandhiApply(\"quleq\", \"giiaat\", JOIN_ADDITIVE, {stemType: \"uvular_final_stem\"}) -> \"quleriiaat\" and sandhiApply(\"ilaqutaq\", \"giit\", JOIN_ADDITIVE, {stemType: \"uvular_final_stem\"}) -> \"ilaqutariit\", both matching Nielsen2012 §5.5.2.4's attested forms exactly. The earlier absence claim is stale: ilaqutaq is now independently modeled in nouns.yaml with its cited inflection paradigm. quleq remains absent as a stem ID. This note does not by itself approve a new worked chain for either host.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.giipput#e9747 explicitly identifies plural -giit and lists panigiit (“mother and daughter”) as a bound kinship example. Together with the already source-backed panik stem, this is an independent second k-final host for the declared truncate_preceding_k_before_g operation, alongside illuk; it supports the general k-before-g branch, not a lexical exception.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -giit/-riit (lines 624–635) includes qatanngutigiit (siblings with one another) and ikinngutigiit (friends with one another): mutual relation is not restricted to exactly two. It gives -giit on vowel/k/t stems and -riit on q-stems. The plural citation does not establish an independently productive singular; the existing separately sourced fusion notes remain in force.", "2026-11 follow-up: host_boundary_operations records the cited k-final branch as truncate_preceding_k_before_g. The consumer must still require a literal k-final host, and this declaration does not generalize to other g-initial affixes. The separate q+g fusion remains selected by the resolved uvular host class." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actors}} having one another as ___; a pair of ___s (plural only)", "en_short": "mutual ___s; a pair of ___s", "da": "nogle der har hinanden til ___; et par ___ (kun flertal)", "da_short": "nogle der har hinanden til ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a noun meaning a matched pair or mutual/joint relationship, and per the source is inherently plural -- it cannot stand without a plural ending.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illugiit", "natural": "a matched pair (from illuk, 'one of a pair'; the stem's final /k/ deletes before this affix -- the k-stem truncative exception)" }, { "surface": "ilaqutariit", "natural": "the family; those who are jointly relatives (from ilaqutaq, 'relative'; the stem's final /q/ fuses with this affix's /g/ into /r/ -- the q-stem fusion exception, Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.4/§2.5.10, corroborated by Bjornum2012's own -giit/-riit allomorph table)" }, { "surface": "panigiit", "natural": "mother and daughter (Kleinschmidt1871's bound kinship example from panik, with final /k/ deleted before -giit)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.4", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.10", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -giit/-riit", "Kleinschmidt1871:.giipput#e9747", "Oqaatsit1997:ilaqutariit#e3857", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilaqutariit#e3732" ], "id": "N_giit_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_giiaat_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "shared, several (inherently plural)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_giiaat_N:60c8b306f198", "items": [ { "text": "shared, several (inherently plural)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.4", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.10", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -giit/-riit" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-giiaat", "host_boundary_operations": [ "truncate_preceding_k_before_g" ], "notes": [ "Split out of N_giit_N above as its own entry (see that entry's own note for the full split rationale) -- AITWG-Affixes groups this under N_giit_N's own headword line as a related citation form, but Nielsen2012 independently catalogs it as a distinct headword with its own gloss ('÷giiaat, +giiaat: fælles, flere; kun plur.', shared/several, plural only), and the same host (illuk) taking both -giit and -giiaat with two different meanings confirms this is a genuine second headword, not an allomorph of N_giit_N.", "Same g-initial-affix class as N_giit_N (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.6) -- see that entry's own note for the full reconciled AITWG/Nielsen2012 finding (the apparent additive-vs-truncative source tension is a terminological difference, not a genuine disagreement, once Nielsen2012:§2.5.10 and Bjornum2012's own -giit/-riit allomorph table are read alongside §5.1.4/§5.5.2.4). Corroborated directly by Nielsen2012's own worked examples for THIS affix: illuk ('one of a pair') + giiaat -> illugiiaat, the same k-stem fusion (k+g->g) as N_giit_N's own illugiit; and quleq ('the one above') + giiaat -> quleriiaat, the same q-stem fusion (q+g->r) as N_giit_N's own ilaqutariit. boundary_behavior left at this template's additive default for the identical reasoning as N_giit_N (no stem_type-keyed override field exists in this schema's application_logic block); both conditioned exceptions are already correctly built by oq without any further change (see N_giit_N's own note: oq#380's id-scoped G_INITIAL_K_TRUNCATION_IDS handles the k-stem case for N_giiaat_N by name, and oq#412's stemType-driven generalization handles the q-stem case for any additive g-initial addition, N_giiaat_N included, with no id-allowlist needed -- confirmed directly via sandhiApply(\"quleq\", \"giiaat\", JOIN_ADDITIVE, {stemType: \"uvular_final_stem\"}) -> \"quleriiaat\")." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shared, several (plural only)", "da": "flere, fælles om noget (kun i flertal)", "en_short": "shared, several", "da_short": "flere, fælles om noget", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a noun meaning several/shared items or arrangement, and per the source is inherently plural -- it cannot stand without a plural ending.", "examples": [ { "surface": "assigiiaat", "natural": "all identical, the same (from assi, 'picture')" }, { "surface": "illugiiaat", "natural": "arranged in pairs (from illuk, 'one of a pair'; the stem's final /k/ deletes before this affix -- the k-stem truncative exception, same as N_giit_N's own illugiit)" }, { "surface": "quleriiaat", "natural": "in layers, one above the other (from quleq, 'the one above'; the stem's final /q/ fuses with this affix's /g/ into /r/ -- the q-stem fusion exception, Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.4/§2.5.10, corroborated by Bjornum2012's own -giit/-riit allomorph table)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.4", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.10", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -giit/-riit", "Oqaatsit1997:-giiaat#e3417" ], "id": "N_giiaat_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_gik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "one with a good N (often exclamatory)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-gik", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text says this affix is really N{gik}V ('has a good N') used without a verbal ending, i.e. a verbalizer zero-derived back into a bare nominal/exclamatory form -- not a purely nominal affix like the others in this batch.", "Same g-initial-noun-affix class as N_giit_N above: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.6 states this class is additive by default, truncative (deleting a preceding /k/) only on k-final stems; Nielsen2012:§5.1.4 lists '÷gik-' among the affixes it blanket-classifies as truncative-by-default instead. No worked example of 'gik' attaching to a k-final stem was found in either extract to settle which characterization holds for this specific affix (unlike N_giit_N, where the illuk example directly confirms Definition 2.6's k-stem exception), so boundary_behavior is left at this template's additive default per the same reasoning as N_giit_N, and no left_sandhi value is asserted.", "Oqaatsit1997:-rik#e13920 and Ordbogi1977:-rik#e8059 explicitly list nominal atisarik 'a well-dressed person' and umiatsiarik 'one who has a good boat', independently supporting the one-with-good-N sense beside exclamatory silagik. Petersen1951/1967 -rik II t-t cross-references -gik; their -rik I o-t rows are a separate verbal homograph and are not nominal-suffix evidence. Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2 prints silagik as an interjection under the good/beautiful-N verbalizer, agreeing with AITWG-Affixes:p.15's explicit bare-verbalizer relationship. No speculative plural -giit or nominal declension profile is admitted; these rows do not independently bind a k-final nominal host-to-surface chain." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one with a good ___ (often exclamatory)", "da": "noget med en god ___ (ofte som udråb)", "en_short": "one with a good ___", "da_short": "noget med en god ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Used to comment favorably on some quality of a noun, often as a bare exclamation rather than in a full sentence.", "examples": [ { "surface": "silagik!", "natural": "wonderful weather! (exclamatory; from sila, 'weather, air, world')" }, { "surface": "atisarik", "natural": "a well-dressed person (Oqaatsit1997:-rik#e13920; Ordbogi1977:-rik#e8059)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.4", "Oqaatsit1997:silagik!#e14858", "Oqaatsit1997:-rik#e13920", "Ordbogi1977:-rik#e8059", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2" ], "id": "N_gik_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_iqniaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a seller of N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-erniaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is N{-iqniaq}N (hence this repo's ID N_iqniaq_N), while the cited citation/surface form is printed -erniaq -- the initial /i/ surfaces as its pre-/r/ allophone 'e', and the medial /q/ weakens to /r/, both general Kalaallisut sound rules independent of this specific affix.", "Oqaatsit1997 independently distinguishes the seller suffix rows -erniaq#e3275, -arniaq#e2651 and -verniaq#e18692, with kameerniaq, orsuerniaq, radioerniaq, appaarniaq, immussuaarniaq, mattaarniaq, sannataarniaq, tiiverniaq and sikaaverniaq. Free erniaq offspring is a separate lexical row. These attest seller or prospective-seller readings without choosing a universal host-to-variant map." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a seller of ___", "da": "en sælger af ___", "en_short": "a seller of ___", "da_short": "en sælger af ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives an agentive noun meaning someone who sells the base noun. This is a vowel-initial affix, and AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 states plainly that all vowel-initial affixes and endings are sandhi-truncative, with no exception clause (unlike the g-initial class above) -- directly grounding boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same established meaning as N_qaq_Vb's own left_sandhi:truncative. Nielsen2012 independently attests the identical form and gloss; Bjornum2012 corroborates both the form (-erniaq/-arniaq/-verniaq) and gloss ('en sælger', 'a seller') with two further worked examples of its own.", "examples": [ { "surface": "puiseerniaq", "natural": "a seal-seller (from puisi, 'seal')" }, { "surface": "eqalussuup tinguerniaq", "natural": "a shark-liver seller (eqalussuup tingui, 'shark liver')" }, { "surface": "atornikuerniaq", "natural": "an antique dealer (lit. 'a seller of once-used things'; atorpoq 'is in use' + the 'one who once V-ed' affix +nikoq + this affix)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K7§3b", "Oqaatsit1997:-erniaq#e3275", "Oqaatsit1997:-arniaq#e2651", "Oqaatsit1997:-verniaq#e18692" ], "id": "N_iqniaq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_kkaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "one with a big/much N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 states all affixes beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative, with no exception clause -- directly grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here. Nielsen2012 independently attests both the form ('÷kkaaq', explicitly marked with its own truncative symbol) and gloss ('med meget/stor N', 'with much/big N')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one with a big ___; one with a much ___", "da": "noget med meget ___; noget med stor ___", "en_short": "one with a big ___; one with a much ___", "da_short": "noget med meget ___; noget med stor ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives a noun meaning something characterized by having a large or abundant amount of the base noun.", "examples": [ { "surface": "niukkaaq", "natural": "long-legged (from niu, 'leg')" }, { "surface": "matukkaaq", "natural": "having a big door/gate (from matu, 'door')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2" ], "id": "N_kkaaq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_kkut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "N and N's family/companions (inherently plural)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkut", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Source-bound analysis difference: Nielsen2012 section 5.5.2.4 explicitly lists ataatsikkut at once/simultaneously under grouping -kkut, whereas Kleinschmidt1871 labels that word vialis. Preserve Nielsen's exact example attribution, but do not equate simultaneous adverbial meaning with family/companions or infer a general family-suffix rule from the word. Bjornum independently lists the family/companions suffix and a distinct vialis verbalization. Exact segmentation of ataatsikkut remains unresolved here.", "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all /kŋpqr/-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here. Nielsen2012 independently attests the form ('÷kkut', its own truncative symbol) and gloss ('N-gruppen', 'the N-group'), explicitly plural.", "Per the source, this affix is inherently plural and rarely used in further derivation, except in combination with N{miuq}N (this repo's separately-authored N_miu_N, in kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml), in which case the SINGULAR form of this affix (-kkuq/-koq) must be used instead of -kkut, giving -kkormioq ('member/supporter of N'). This specific compound-derivation claim is independently corroborated by BOTH Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012, which separately give the identical real-world example Siumukkormioq ('member/supporter of the Siumut party') -- strong, cross-source confirmation of this exact word-formation fact, not just the bare affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___ and ___s family; ___ and ___s companions", "da": "___ og ___s familie; ___ og ___s følgeskab", "en_short": "___ and ___s family; ___ and ___s companions", "da_short": "___ og ___'s familie; ___ og ___'s følgeskab", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives a plural noun meaning a named individual together with their family, household, or companions.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Kaalikkut", "natural": "Kaali and his family/companions (from the name Kaali)" }, { "surface": "Siumukkormioq", "natural": "a member/supporter of Siumut (a political party); from Siumut + the singular -kkuq form of this affix + N{miuq}N ('inhabitant/member of') -- independently attested with the identical example in both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012" }, { "surface": "ataatsikkut", "natural": "at once, simultaneously (Nielsen section 5.5.2.4 lists this from ataaseq; historical dictionary labels it vialis, so analysis is source-bound)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ataatsikkut#e2211", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataatsikkut#e2172", "Kleinschmidt1871:ataatsikkut#e1267", "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -kkut" ], "id": "N_kkut_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_kkuutaat_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "N at a time; at intervals of N (inherently plural)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkuutaat", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all /kŋpqr/-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here. Nielsen2012 independently attests the form ('÷kkuutaat', its own truncative symbol, explicitly marked plural) and an equivalent gloss ('N ad gangen, hver N for sig', 'N at a time, each N separately')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___ at a time; at intervals of ___ (plural only)", "en_short": "___ at a time", "da": "___ ad gangen; med mellemrum af ___ (kun i flertal)", "da_short": "___ ad gangen", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives a plural noun meaning the base noun taken one group/unit at a time.", "examples": [ { "surface": "holdikkuutaat", "natural": "team by team, in teams (from hold, a loanword for 'team')" }, { "surface": "marlukkuutaat", "natural": "in pairs, two at a time (from marluk, 'two')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.4" ], "id": "N_kkuutaat_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_kuq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "remains of, a discarded, or a previous N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_kuq_N:570fc6684fb3", "items": [ { "text": "remains of, a discarded, or a previous N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -koq", "Oqaatsit1997:-koq#e7006" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-koq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all /kŋpqr/-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here. Nielsen2012 independently attests both form ('÷koq', its own truncative symbol) and gloss ('tidligere N, aflagt N, affald af N', 'former N, discarded N, remains of N'); Bjornum2012 independently gives the same form and gloss ('forhenværende; kasseret', 'former; discarded'), and both sources cite the IDENTICAL worked example illu -> illukoq ('ruin') -- a strong cross-source match, not just a shared gloss.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text adds that this affix can also appear as a vowel stem, N{-ku}N, instead of the citation form -koq -- an allomorph fact about how the DERIVED word itself continues (its own stem class), not about how this affix attaches to its host. This does not obviously correspond to any existing morphology_class.stem_type value used elsewhere in this repo with a confirmed real-world match, and no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 example was found showing the -ku variant specifically, so it is described here in prose only, not asserted as a stem_type field." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "remains of, a discarded, or a previous ___", "da": "en rest af, en kasseret, eller en tidligere ___", "en_short": "remains of, a discarded, or a previous ___", "da_short": "en rest af, en kasseret, eller en tidligere ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives a noun meaning the leftover, discarded, or former version of the base noun.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illukoq", "natural": "a ruin (from illu, 'house'); the identical example is independently attested in both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012" }, { "surface": "pikoq", "natural": "something discarded (from the placeholder root pi-)" }, { "surface": "alersikoq", "natural": "an old, discarded stocking (from alerseq, 'stocking')" }, { "surface": "imertaatikoq", "natural": "an old water bucket (Oqaatsit1997's direct example)" }, { "surface": "kamikoq", "natural": "a discarded kamik (Oqaatsit1997's direct example)" }, { "surface": "palasikoq", "natural": "a former priest (Oqaatsit1997's direct example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -koq", "Oqaatsit1997:-koq#e7006" ], "id": "N_kuq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_kuuvik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a place for discarding N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-koorfik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all /kŋpqr/-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a place for discarding ___", "da": "et sted til at kassere ___", "en_short": "a place for discarding ___", "da_short": "et sted til at kassere ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives the bare disposal-place gloss without a worked example. Independently, Kleinschmidt1871:.koorpoq#e9827 explicitly derives nouns from disposal .koorpoq with .Fvik and prints nuakoorfik (a spittoon), attakoorfik (a midden; the place where refuse/sweepings are thrown), and niaqukoorfik (a bag or other receptacle for the heads of eaten ammassat). Oqaatsit1997:nuakoorfik#e9487 independently lists the spittoon noun. These support the cited construction and lexical examples; they do not establish a general host selector, a full nominal paradigm or unrestricted productivity.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nuakoorfik", "natural": "a spittoon (Kleinschmidt1871:.koorpoq#e9827; Oqaatsit1997:nuakoorfik#e9487)" }, { "surface": "attakoorfik", "natural": "a midden; a place where refuse or sweepings are thrown (Kleinschmidt1871:.koorpoq#e9827)" }, { "surface": "niaqukoorfik", "natural": "a bag or other receptacle for the heads of eaten ammassat (Kleinschmidt1871:.koorpoq#e9827)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§2.4", "Kleinschmidt1871:.koorpoq#e9827", "Oqaatsit1997:nuakoorfik#e9487" ], "id": "N_kuuvik_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_liaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a traveller to N; one seeking/hunting N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-liaq", "left_sandhi": "replacive", "notes": [ "_template denominal_noun_truncating is used because the host's final syllable is genuinely lost as part of the fusion described below, not merely modified; left_sandhi:replacive on top of that captures the further fact that the affix's own onset is also replaced (by a geminated host consonant), not simply deleted -- the same combination already used for N_liuut_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml), this entry's model for what 'replacive' means in this schema.", "Oqaatsit1997:-liaq#e7104 directly lists the travel sense and examples, including Qaqortuliaq (a traveler to Qaqortoq). Its separate -liaq#e7103 homograph is the made/fabricated sense kept under N_lijaq_N.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Liaq#e9775 independently gives travel/seeking N, including kanngiaq, umiarsuit paamiuliat, manniliaq and eqalliat. Its made-product .Liaq#e9758 is separate. Retain the printed number conventions and do not transfer the made-product affix’s inflection assumptions to this traveller/seeker owner." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a traveller to ___; one seeking ___; one hunting ___", "en_short": "a traveller to ___", "da": "en der rejser til ___; en der søger ___; en der jager ___", "da_short": "en der rejser til ___", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "rejser til ___; søger ___; jager ___" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Denotes a person traveling toward, or seeking/hunting, the noun named by the host stem. On hosts whose final syllable has the shape CVC or Ciaq, the affix fuses with that syllable rather than attaching unchanged: the syllable's own consonant geminates and takes the place of the affix's initial /l/, and the rest of that syllable is lost. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own +liaq entry, glossed the same way, and by its separate morphophonology chapter, which names this exact affix among a small list undergoing this fusion process -- directly matching AITWG-Affixes' looser 'sound replacivity' description with a precise mechanism. Bjornum2012 gives the same construction under a different name (a nominal short form of the verb -liarpoq 'travels to'), with a matching worked example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuuliaq", "natural": "one traveling to Nuuk (Nuuk, place name)" }, { "surface": "eqalliaq", "natural": "one fishing for trout (eqaluk, 'trout' -- illustrates the replacive fusion: eqaluk's final syllable -luk loses its vowel and the /l/ geminates, replacing the affix's own /l/)" }, { "surface": "ukalliaq", "natural": "one hunting hare (ukaleq, 'arctic hare', same replacive-fusion pattern)" }, { "surface": "Narsaliaq", "natural": "one on a journey to Narsaq (Bjornum2012's own independent example, under its treatment of -liaq as the nominal short form of -liarpoq 'travels to')" }, { "surface": "Qaqortuliaq", "natural": "a traveler to Qaqortoq (Oqaatsit1997's direct example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -liarpoq/-liaq", "Oqaatsit1997:-liaq#e7104", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Liaq#e9775" ], "id": "N_liaq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_lik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "one provided with N; owner/possessor of N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lik", "notes": [ "AITWG:§8.5 (Aside 8.2, p.158) gives the related headword N{ləq}N, explicitly equates it with the compositional N{-qaq}V{ðuq}N “one who has N”, and illustrates the meaning “a man named Stian” with Stianimik atilik. The source’s ləq notation is preserved as a source form, not asserted as a separate phonological rule or a new morpheme identity.", "Host-side q-final truncation (ateq → atilik, nuliaq → nulialik) and the derived noun declension are separate facts. The existing boundary declaration is retained; this change types the post-attachment strong k-stem profile, not a new host-side sandhi operation.", "Bjornum K4§2f explicitly gives -llip, -llup (-liup), -llit, -limmik, and K8§2 example 125 says all -lik-final words follow atilik. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2 independently gives atillip/atillup (atiliup), atillit, atilimmik. The retaining-k/up profile with l-to-ll gemination selects the named geminating grammatical-case series while keeping strong oblique k assimilation. It does not claim that the competing genitive series is invalid.", "Bjornum example 125 itself prints atiliup/atilip and atilit. These nongeminating source variants and the older -llup series remain explicit alternatives. The typed profile changes the deterministic default from atiliup to independently attested atillip; both worked readings remain source-valid. The quantity-numeral -llit/-linnik evidence remains in Bjornum K6§2.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lik (lines 1010–1034) permits stranded instrumental object modifiers (aappaluttumik nasalik; pisoqqamik pujortaatilik). A preceding instrumental name with atilik is explicitly not such a modifier. The printed Nukaaqqamik versus Nukaaraq discrepancy remains unresolved and is not an approved worked chain. K9 marks -lik truncative; its shared t-stem rule (K9§3 point 4, lines 173–187) retains t with inserted i, illustrated by pujortaatilik. The inherited additive host boundary remains held for a separate reconciliation with the existing host-specific account; the independently cited strong-k derived declension does not settle attachment." ], "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one provided with ___; owner of ___", "en_short": "one provided with ___", "da": "en der har ___; noget der har ___; ejer af ___", "da_short": "en der har ___; noget der har ___", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har ___; noget der har ___; ejer af ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "One provided with the host noun. The typed profile represents the explicitly cited strong-k grammatical l-to-ll series and ordinary strong oblique -limmik/-linnik, not a weak-k oblique class. All three relative variants -llip/-llup/-liup and the regular variants printed in example 125 remain source-scoped. This is a declension declaration for the resulting noun, not a historical metathesis reconstruction or unrestricted host-side truncation claim.", "examples": [ { "surface": "atilik", "natural": "named ...; one who is called ... (from ateq, 'name' -- the model paradigm word for this affix in both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "puisilik", "natural": "a place with seals (from puisi, 'seal')" }, { "surface": "nulialik", "natural": "one who has a wife (from nuliaq, 'wife')" }, { "surface": "-llip", "natural": "ergative/relative singular of a -lik word, gemination pattern (now the most common form)" }, { "surface": "-llup", "natural": "ergative/relative singular, the older metathesis-derived form" }, { "surface": "-liup", "natural": "ergative/relative singular, the fully regular k-stem form (no metathesis or gemination)" }, { "surface": "-limmik", "natural": "instrumental (modalis-like) of a -lik word, showing ordinary strong-k assimilation instead of the ergative/plural pattern" }, { "surface": "-linnik", "natural": "same ordinary strong-k pattern before -nik" }, { "surface": "arfinillit", "natural": "six (quantity; Abs/Rel.Pl of arfineq + -lik with grammatical-case metathesis -llit -- Bjornum2012:K6§2; not a separate affix)" }, { "surface": "arfinilinnik", "natural": "six (instrumental plural; oblique of the same -lik stem, no metathesis -- Bjornum2012:K6§2)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "AITWG:§8.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -lik", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Atilik, Bøjningseksempel 125", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2" ], "id": "N_lik_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_liqsaarut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "an account or story of N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lersaarut", "left_sandhi": "replacive", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes also cites a second citation form, -lersaarneq (bracket form N{-liqsaarnəQ}N), built on the deverbal nominalizer -neq instead of -ut, with the same 'account/story of N' meaning -- not independently corroborated in this repo's Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 extracts (only the -ut form was found). Oqaatsit1997:-lersaarneq#e7095 independently lists angalanilersaarneq, qivittulersaarneq and tuttunniarnilersaarneq. It remains recorded as an alternate rather than a separate underlying_form entry; the row does not establish a general attachment selector.", "_template denominal_noun_truncating plus left_sandhi:replacive mirrors N_liaq_N's reasoning: Nielsen2012's own morphophonology chapter (§5.1.7) states the same fusion process also applies to the related root ÷ler- (which this affix is built on), though restricted there to hosts ending in -aq or -eq rather than the /tə/-final hosts AITWG-Affixes names for this specific affix -- both sources agree a real replacive fusion exists here, even if the precise host-class conditioning isn't identically described by each." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "an account or story of ___", "da": "en beretning eller historie om ___", "en_short": "an account or story of ___", "da_short": "en beretning eller historie om ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a noun naming an account, story, or narrative about the noun named by the host stem. Corroborated independently by Nielsen2012's own +lersaarut entry (identical gloss and both example words), which also flags the affix as fusing with the host under the same replacive process documented for N_liaq_N and N_livik_N above/below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qivittulersaarut", "natural": "a ghost story (literally an account of a qivittoq, 'a person who has fled to the wilds/mountains')" }, { "surface": "angalanilersaarut", "natural": "a travel account/description (from angalaneq, 'the act of traveling')" }, { "surface": "angalanilersaarneq", "natural": "an account of a journey (Oqaatsit1997:-lersaarneq#e7095, alternate form)" }, { "surface": "Roskildelersaarut", "natural": "the Roskilde Chronicle (Ordbogen2003:krønike#e16821)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.7", "Oqaatsit1997:-lersaarneq#e7095", "Ordbogen2003:krønike#e16821" ], "id": "N_liqsaarut_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_lisaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "something from N (esp. from a past/previous N)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lisaq", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes also cites the allomorph +nisaq (Nielsen2012 additionally records its plural as +nitsat), attested after at least some hosts -- not modeled as a separate underlying_form entry, recorded here as a note instead." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something from ___ (esp. an earlier ___)", "da": "noget fra ___ (især fra noget tidligere)", "en_short": "something from ___", "da_short": "noget fra ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a noun meaning 'something from N', typically a past or bygone N. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; all three examples below are from Nielsen2012's own independent +lisaq/+nisaq entry, which corroborates both allomorphs and the core meaning directly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "siornalisaq", "natural": "something from last year (siorna, 'last year')" }, { "surface": "qanganisaq", "natural": "something old-fashioned, literally something from long ago (qanga, 'long ago')" }, { "surface": "itsarnisaq", "natural": "something from the old days (itsaq, 'in the old days')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.15", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2" ], "id": "N_lisaq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_livik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a container for N; a place for N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-livik", "left_sandhi": "replacive", "notes": [ "Also attested as -sivik after tə-final hosts (an explicitly replacive /s/, per both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012), and as -asivik/-usivik after certain vowel-final hosts, and lexicalized -ivik in a few fused forms -- these allomorphs are recorded here rather than modeled as separate underlying_form entries.", "Same reasoning as N_liaq_N/N_liqsaarut_N: Nielsen2012:§5.1.7 names this exact affix (÷livik) among those undergoing the CVC/Ciaq-triggered gemination-and-replace fusion, giving left_sandhi:replacive a precise, independently-sourced mechanism rather than resting on AITWG-Affixes' bare 'may display sound replacivity' alone.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -livik (lines 1075–1096) specifies -sivik sometimes on t-stems with replacive s, -asivik after a, -usivik after u, additive +usivik at punneq and maybe other +neq words, and fused -ivik only in lexicalized words. The extension beyond punneq is explicitly uncertain; no productive general +neq rule or complete deterministic selector is admitted. Its naasulivik witness cites singular naasoq (flower), not a plural naasut host." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a container or place for ___", "en_short": "a container or place for ___", "da": "en beholder til ___; et sted til ___", "da_short": "en beholder til ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a noun meaning a container or dedicated place for the noun named by the host stem. Both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 independently corroborate the core meaning and the /s/-replacing allomorph after t-final hosts; Nielsen2012's morphophonology chapter additionally names this affix directly as one that fuses with a preceding CVC/Ciaq-shaped syllable the same way N_liaq_N and N_liqsaarut_N do.", "examples": [ { "surface": "naasulivik", "natural": "a flower pot/vase (from naasoq, 'flower'; the form is listed at Petersen1951:-livik#e12859)" }, { "surface": "kaagilivik", "natural": "a cake tin (Oqaatsit1997:-livik#e7116)" }, { "surface": "orsivik", "natural": "a blubber shed (from orsoq, 'blubber')" }, { "surface": "meqqusivik", "natural": "a needle case/pincushion (from meqqut, 'needle', a tə-final host -- illustrates the replacive /s/ allomorph directly)" }, { "surface": "umiarsualivik", "natural": "a harbour (from umiarsuaq, 'ship')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -livik", "Petersen1951:-livik#e12859", "Oqaatsit1997:-livik#e7116", "Katersat:lex_236929" ], "id": "N_livik_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_mineq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a piece of N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-mineq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a piece of ___", "da": "et stykke ___", "en_short": "a piece of ___", "da_short": "et stykke ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "strength": "strong", "declension_class": "up" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Denotes a piece or portion of the noun named by the host stem; with nationality/personhood nouns it instead means food characteristic of that group (e.g. the kalaalimerngit example below). This affix's own final syllable, -neq, is a schwa-plus-uvular ending -- the same structural class already modeled by this repo's ateq ('name') stem entry. Before a vowel-initial ending such as the absolutive plural -it, the schwa drops and the /q/ shifts leftward into the preceding consonant rather than weakening in place, exactly as ateq's own metathesis does; landing here on the nasal /n/ (rather than ateq's /t/), it merges as a nasal cluster spelled -rng-, giving mineq + it -> merngit rather than the plain -minit a simple deletion would produce. Both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 independently confirm this exact pattern with the same kalaalimineq -> kalaalimerngit example AITWG-Affixes cites, and both also record that speakers sometimes use non-metathesized forms alongside it (e.g. -minerit) -- the same kind of optional, partially-regularized variation seen on several other schwa/q-final stems in this repo. morphology_class mirrors ateq's own values directly (same stem class, strength, and up-declension, independently confirmed by Bjornum2012's own -mern(g)up ergative-singular form).", "examples": [ { "surface": "kalaalimerngit", "natural": "traditional Greenlandic food (from kalaaleq, 'Greenlander', plural)" }, { "surface": "igalaamineq", "natural": "a piece of glass, a windowpane (from igalaaq, 'window')" }, { "surface": "aputimineq", "natural": "a clump of snow (from aput, 'snow')" }, { "surface": "savimineq", "natural": "iron, the metal (lexicalized; from savik, 'knife')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -mineq", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "MOFO:nn/-minəq", "Oqaatsit1997:igalaamineq#e3507", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:igalaamineq#e3361" ], "id": "N_mineq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_miuq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "someone or something from/living in N; in lexicalized body-part examples, an item worn on N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_miuq_N:1747a0535151", "items": [ { "text": "someone or something from/living in N; in lexicalized body-part examples, an item worn on N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:assammioq#e2074", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assammioq#e2034", "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +mioq", "Bjornum2012:K6§7" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "assimilative", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+mioq", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012 section 5.5.2.2 explicitly says someone/something from/living in N and pairs hand with finger-ring and wrist with wristwatch. Bjornum K9 section 6 explicitly labels these broader uses. These object examples are lexicalized, not proof that every body-part host productively forms a worn-item noun. Modern ring rows corroborate the exact existing example; k/m assimilation remains separately grammatical.", "Also attested as the vowel-stem alternate +miu, per both AITWG-Affixes and Nielsen2012's own combined +mioq/+miu headword -- sibling vowel-stem citation is N_miu_N (-miu).", "Same JOIN_ASSIMILATIVE two-half rule as N_miu_N (docs/investigations/morphophonology/assimilative-velar-vs-uvular-m.md): velar /k/+/m/ -> [mm] (qilak -> qilammioq, MOFO:miuq); uvular /q/+/m/ -> [rm]." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} from ___; an inhabitant of ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} from ___; an inhabitant of ___", "da": "nogen/noget fra ___; en beboer af ___", "da_short": "en indbygger af ___; en beboer af ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a noun naming an inhabitant, dweller, or member of the place or group named by the host stem; very commonly used with place names, and productively used to name inhabitants of Greenlandic towns and regions. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 (identical gloss, matching examples) and Bjornum2012, whose own chapter on geographic names tabulates this affix's application to essentially every Greenlandic town name.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuummioq", "natural": "a person from Nuuk (Nuuk, place name, with the expected consonant assimilation k+m -> mm)" }, { "surface": "allamioq", "natural": "a stranger, foreigner (from alla, 'another')" }, { "surface": "assammioq", "natural": "a ring (worn on the hand; from assak, 'hand')" }, { "surface": "samanimiut", "natural": "those who live down there (from samani, 'down there', a demonstrative adverb -- illustrates the vowel-stem +miu alternate)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assammioq#e2074", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assammioq#e2034", "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +mioq", "Bjornum2012:K6§7" ], "id": "N_miuq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_qat_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a fellow N; someone who shares N with you" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qat", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4: Nielsen says the fellow-N form rarely stands alone, normally carrying a possessive ending or another affix. This is a usage preference, not a categorical ban on the independently attested unpossessed inoqat/ukioqat forms.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qat literally labels its shared entry n-v,n-n despite nominal outputs and both noun/verb examples. Keep that source-label conflict explicit: it does not authorize a new N-to-V class or transfer the nominal nunaqqat gemination witness to V_qat_N. Existing nominal and verbal host owners retain their independent citations and remain separate." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a fellow ___; {{Actor}} who shares ___ with you", "en_short": "a fellow ___", "da": "en medN; en man deler ___ med", "verb_phrase": "a fellow ___; who shares ___ with you", "da_short": "en medN", "composition": { "en": "a fellow ___; who shares ___ with you", "da": "en med___; en man deler ___ med" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "en medN; deler ___ med" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a noun naming a person who shares the quality, activity, or status named by the host stem with the speaker/subject -- roughly 'fellow N' or 'N-mate'. Independently corroborated by both Nielsen2012 (glossed 'co-N, N-comrade', with a near-identical example set) and Bjornum2012 (glossed 'comrade; one with whom one does or has something', which also serves as the base for a family of further derivations, all separately modeled: V_qataa_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml), N_qatige_Vb and N_qatigiik_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml), and V_qatigi_Vb/V_qategiik_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml). Bjornum2012 additionally notes one example, nunaqqat ('fellow townsman', from nuna 'land/place'), where the affix's own /q/ geminates after the vowel-final host -- not modeled as a per-entry sandhi fact here, since this looks like the general vowel-stem-triggers-gemination pattern rather than something specific to this affix, and no broader evidence was checked to confirm that generalization.", "examples": [ { "surface": "suleqatâ", "natural": "his colleague (Nielsen2012 §5.5.3.4; source spelling retained)" }, { "surface": "inoqat", "natural": "a fellow human being (from inuk, 'human being')" }, { "surface": "ukioqat", "natural": "a peer, someone of the same age (from ukioq, 'year')" }, { "surface": "nunaqqat", "natural": "a fellow townsman/compatriot (from nuna, 'land/place'; note the gemination -qq- after this vowel-final host)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qat" ], "id": "N_qat_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_qut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "the N of a group (a member singled out by a role/relationship within a group of Ns)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qut", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Deletes the host's own final consonant before attaching, the same pattern already modeled as left_sandhi:truncative on this repo's N_qaq_Vb entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml): AITWG-Affixes' own example akullequt and Nielsen2012's independent example atuartoq -> atuartoqut both show the host's final /q/ disappearing rather than stacking with this affix's own initial /q/.", "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is N{-qutə}N (with an underlying schwa); the plain italic citation form -qut is used here as underlying_form, per this repo's convention of citing the source's own surface citation form rather than its bracket notation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the ___ of a group (singled out by a role in it)", "da": "gruppens ___ (den ___ der er udpeget ud fra sin rolle i en gruppe)", "en_short": "the ___ of a group", "da_short": "gruppens ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Picks out one member of a group by a role or relationship defined relative to that group -- 'the N of the group', not just any N. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates both the meaning and the truncating attachment with its own '÷qutə 2' entry (glossed roughly 'N belonging to a whole/N of a whole'), grouped there among affixes for 'several N, with-N, part of a whole' -- a good semantic match to AITWG-Affixes' own 'the N of a group' gloss, confirmed via a different stem (atuartoq 'schoolchild') than AITWG-Affixes' own akullequt example. No Bjornum2012 match was found: the only 'qut'-containing material in the transcribed Bjornum2012 extracts is an unrelated locational stem quli-/qut- ('the area above, overhead'), a homograph with a wholly different etymology and meaning -- deliberately not cited here to avoid conflating the two.", "examples": [ { "surface": "akullequt", "natural": "the middle child in a group of siblings (AITWG-Affixes' own example)" }, { "surface": "atuartoqut", "natural": "the one attending school in the family (Nielsen2012's independent example, from atuartoq 'schoolchild')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4" ], "id": "N_qut_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_siut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "means for getting/traveling in/celebrating/seeking N (something used in connection with N)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+siut", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation is N{siutə}N (with an underlying schwa); the plain italic citation form +siut is used here as underlying_form.", "MOFO prints singular-looking sapaatisiut with the gloss Sunday clothes. Independently, SchultzLorentzen1927:sapaatisiutit#e15221 prints sapaatisiutit (Sunday clothes), and Oqaatsit1997:sapaatisiutit#e14328 labels the Sunday-clothes noun t qass (plural); its separate e14329 row is Sunday dinner. Preserve the MOFO/source number discrepancy rather than silently correcting the primary capture or admitting a singular clothing noun." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something used for getting ___; something used for traveling in ___; something used for seeking ___", "da": "et middel til at få ___; et middel til at rejse i ___; et middel til at fejre ___; et middel til at søge ___", "en_short": "something used for getting ___; something used for traveling in ___; something used for seeking ___", "da_short": "få ___; rejse i ___; fejre ___; søge ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks something instrumentally connected to N -- a tool, occasion, or means for getting, traveling toward, celebrating, or seeking whatever N denotes. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates both the gloss and the attachment pattern with its own '+siut' entry ('something used in connection with N; often in lexicalized words'), supplying every example used below; none were found in the transcribed Bjornum2012 extracts (only an unrelated orthography illustration, 'satsiut', turned up on a search for the bare string) so no Bjornum2012 citation is added.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qaammatisiutit", "natural": "calendar (Nielsen2012's example, from qaammat 'moon/month')" }, { "surface": "kissarnersiut", "natural": "thermometer (Nielsen2012's example, from kissarneq 'fever')" }, { "surface": "ukiorsiut", "natural": "winter clothes (Nielsen2012's example, from ukioq 'winter')" }, { "surface": "sapaatisiutit", "natural": "Sunday clothes (SchultzLorentzen1927:sapaatisiutit#e15221; Oqaatsit1997:sapaatisiutit#e14328, plural noun; distinct from the Sunday-dinner row e14329)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sapaatisiutit#e15221", "Oqaatsit1997:sapaatisiutit#e14328", "Oqaatsit1997:sapaatisiutit#e14329" ], "id": "N_siut_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_ssiaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "something intended for N; something to be used as N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssiaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Deletes the host's own final consonant before attaching: Nielsen2012's qisuk 'wood' -> qisussiaq 'something to be used as firewood' shows the stem-final /k/ disappearing and this affix's own initial /ss/ taking its place directly -- the same left_sandhi:truncative pattern already modeled on this repo's N_qaq_Vb entry. (iput 'oar' -> iputissiaq shows an extra linking -i- instead, but that is the general t-stem epenthetic-i rule documented independently in Bjornum2012's grammar (Kap. 9, § 3, punkt 4), not something specific to this affix's own sandhi.)", "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is N{cciaq}N, with no leading truncation mark at all; the italic citation form -ssiaq is used here as underlying_form. Note the bracket-vs-citation spelling difference (cc vs ss) -- the same pattern recurs on N_usaq_N/N_usiaq_N below (bracket c vs citation s), evidently an older phonemic transcription convention vs. the modern orthographic spelling, not flagged further here beyond noting it." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something intended for ___", "en_short": "something intended for ___", "da": "noget beregnet til ___; noget der skal bruges som ___", "da_short": "noget beregnet til ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks something made or set aside for a particular N-related purpose. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates with its own '÷ssiaq' entry, glossed almost identically ('something intended/made for N'), supplying every example used below. No Bjornum2012 match: a search for 'ssiaq' in the transcribed extracts only turns up inussiaq/pisiaq, which belong to a different, homographic affix (+sivoq/+siaq, 'gets/meets/encounters N', a deverbal V-to-N affix, not this N-to-N one) -- deliberately not cited here to avoid conflating two different morphemes that happen to share a substring.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inissiaq", "natural": "apartment (Nielsen2012's example, from ini 'room, place')" }, { "surface": "qisussiaq", "natural": "something to be used as firewood (Nielsen2012's example, from qisuk 'wood')" }, { "surface": "ujalussiaq", "natural": "sewing thread (Nielsen2012's example, from ujaloq 'sinew thread')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Oqaatsit1997:-ssiaq#e15881" ], "id": "N_ssiaq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_sunni_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "the smell or taste of N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sunni", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012's pujoq 'smoke' -> pujorsunni 'smoke smell' shows the host's final /q/ weakening to /r/ rather than being deleted or geminated -- ordinary weak-q-stem weakening on the HOST noun's own side of the boundary, not evidence this affix itself truncates; consistent with the plain-additive template used here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the smell or taste of ___", "da": "duften, lugten eller smagen af ___", "en_short": "the smell or taste of ___", "da_short": "duften, lugten eller smagen af ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Names the characteristic smell, scent, or taste associated with N. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates with its own '+sunni 1' entry, glossed identically ('scent, smell, taste of N'; Nielsen2012 separately records an unrelated '+sunni 2' verbal sense, 'one can smell that subj Vs', not modeled here since it is a different word class). Bjornum2012 does not document this exact nominal-extender affix directly, but its own participle-formation section (Kap. 4, § 3a) independently attests the closely related VERBALIZED cognate +sunnippoq/-tsoq ('smells/tastes of N'; e.g. tupasunnitsoq, 'something that smells of tobacco') built on the same sunni root -- cited here as corroborating the same 'sunni = smell/scent of' semantic core via a related derivative, not as independent attestation of this exact N-to-N affix (the same 'corroborating, not identical' treatment already used for ENCL_aat's Bjornum2012 citation in this repo).", "examples": [ { "surface": "kaffisunni", "natural": "the smell of coffee (Nielsen2012's example, from kaffi 'coffee')" }, { "surface": "pujorsunni", "natural": "smoke smell (Nielsen2012's example, from pujoq 'smoke')" }, { "surface": "neqisunni", "natural": "the taste of meat (Nielsen2012's example, from neqi 'meat')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Ordbogi1977:-:sunni#e9181", "Oqaatsit1997:-:sunni#e15925", "Bjornum2012:K4§3a s.v. +sunnippoq" ], "id": "N_sunni_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_tuuq_big_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "one with a big/much N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tooq", "notes": [ "Also attested as the augmented variant N{qquqtuuq}N with the same meaning (citation form +qqortooq); e.g. Illoqqortoormiut, a North-East Greenlandic town name literally 'the big-house dwellers'. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates this exact variant with its own '÷qqortooq' entry ('one who has a big N') and its own directly comparable example illu 'house' -> illoqqortooq 'one who has a big house' -- structurally the same base as Illoqqortoormiut (illu + qqortooq + miut).", "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is N{tuuq}N; the italic citation form +tooq is used here as underlying_form (uu vs oo is simply the older-vs-newer orthographic spelling of the same long vowel).", "Oqaatsit1997:-:tooq#e17524 directly gives large/many-N examples kigutitooq, qaartooq, sigguttooq and tipitooq; -:sooq#e15908 gives kimmissooq and sermersooq. These are distinct from the language/likeness rows e17523/e15907, the deverbal propensity -tooq row e17522 and free tooq ice axe or sooq why. These lexical witnesses do not establish a universal t/s selector or a complete outgoing-inflection rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one with a big ___; one with much ___", "da": "noget med meget ___; noget med stor ___", "en_short": "one with a big ___; one with much ___", "da_short": "noget med meget ___; noget med stor ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "One of two entries in this affix-list chapter that share the identical citation form +tooq (see also N_tuuq_language_N, the 'something in the language N' sense) -- authored here as a deliberately separate, distinct entry, matching the source's own explicit Fidelity note that these are 'two separate bolded headwords with different glosses/etymologies, not a duplication artifact', and the same cross-referencing pattern already used for this repo's ENCL_li_but/ENCL_li_since pair. This sense marks a possessor of a large/great quantity of N. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates via its own '+tooq 2' entry ('something with a big/much N'), supplying most of the examples below, plus the '÷qqortooq' entry noted above for the qquqtuuq-augmented variant. No Bjornum2012 match was found for this specific 'big N' sense: the only Bjornum2012 '-/+tooq' n-n entry documents the different 'language N' sense modeled instead on the sibling entry N_tuuq_language_N, and Bjornum2012's separate deverbal '-tooq' v-n entry ('one who is much/prone to Ving') is yet another different, verb-based affix -- neither is cited here.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Illoqqortoormiut", "natural": "name of a North-East Greenlandic town, literally 'the big-house dwellers' (AITWG-Affixes' own example, via the qquqtuuq-augmented variant)" }, { "surface": "illoqqortooq", "natural": "one who has a big house (Nielsen2012's independent, structurally comparable example)" }, { "surface": "qaqqartooq", "natural": "a mountain-filled place (Nielsen2012's example, from qaqqaq 'mountain')" }, { "surface": "siutitooq", "natural": "donkey (lit. 'big-eared one'; Nielsen2012's example, from siut 'ear')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Oqaatsit1997:-:tooq#e17524", "Oqaatsit1997:-:sooq#e15908" ], "id": "N_tuuq_big_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_tuuq_language_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "like/as N; something in the language N (equative-derived nominal; e.g. a book or word in a given language)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tooq", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is N{tuuq}N (identical to its homographic sibling N_tuuq_big_N); the italic citation form +tooq is used here as underlying_form.", "Bjornum2012’s -/+ boundary is equative-conditioned, not a claim of unconditional additive +tooq attachment. Retain the existing citation form while holding a complete executable case-derived selector; do not merge n-n language/equative -/+tooq, n-v -/+toorpoq, v-n -tooq or n-n big/much-N +tooq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something in the language ___ (e.g. a book)", "en_short": "something in the language ___", "da": "noget på sproget ___ (f.eks. en bog eller et ord på et bestemt sprog)", "da_short": "noget på sproget ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Distinct from N_tuuq_big_N (much/big N). AITWG-Affixes and Nielsen2012 §5.5.2.2 describe the language sense as equative-derived. Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+tooq (lines 2318–2328) directly labels this n-n entry like/as; in a language, a derivation of the equative attached like -/+tut/-/+sut, with -/+sooq after i₁. It does not derive this nominal from the adjacent n-v -/+toorpoq: that separate entry (lines 2332–2343) verbalizes the equative. The printed qallunaatooq and kalaallisooq witnesses corroborate the language use.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kalaallisooq", "natural": "the Greenlandic-language one (e.g. a book; Nielsen2012's example, from kalaaleq 'Greenlander')" }, { "surface": "qallunaatooq", "natural": "a Danish book (Bjornum2012's example, from qallunaaq 'Dane')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+tooq" ], "id": "N_tuuq_language_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_usaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "something that looks like N; an artificial/N-like N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-usaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "i": "-usaq", "u": "-usaq", "a": "-asaq", "aa": "-jusaq", "uu": "-jusaq" }, "notes": [ "Also attested as -usaaq (a long-vowel variant of the same affix, cited alongside -usaq in AITWG-Affixes' own citation line); only -usaq is used as this entry's underlying_form.", "Deletes the host's own final consonant before attaching: Nielsen2012's inuk 'human being' -> inuusaq 'doll' and qajaq 'kayak' -> qajaasaq 'kayak model' both show the stem-final consonant (/k/, /q/) disappearing rather than stacking with the affix's own initial vowel -- the same left_sandhi:truncative pattern already modeled on this repo's N_qaq_Vb entry.", "Vowel-quality- and vowel-length-conditioned allomorphy of the affix's own initial segment, independently documented by both Nielsen2012 ('÷usa(a)q, ÷jusa(a)q, after a long vowel') and Bjornum2012 ('-usaq after i/u; -asaq after a; -jusaq after aa/uu'), is now structurally encoded via application_logic.vowel_onset_allomorphs (jandahl/oq#773 triage, extended in this same batch to also cover the length-conditioned aa/uu keys alongside the pre-existing quality keys a/i/u) -- directly visible in this entry's own examples: qajaq -> qajaasaq (host ends in short /a/ after truncation, giving the a-conditioned -asaq) and sikaaq -> sikaajusaq (host ends in long /aa/ after truncation, giving the aa-conditioned -jusaq per Nielsen2012's own 'long vowel' rule).", "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is N{-ucaq}N, N{-ucaaq}N (with c); the italic citation forms -usaq, -usaaq (with s) are used here as underlying_form/variant. This c-vs-s bracket/citation spelling difference recurs on N_ssiaq_N and N_usiaq_N too." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something that looks like ___", "en_short": "something that looks like ___", "da": "noget der ligner ___; en kunstig ___", "da_short": "noget der ligner ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes' own example -- the '@' symbol being called 'a-jusaq' ('phonotactically epenthetic /j/ injected to avoid assimilation, because it is something that looks like an a') -- names the same /j/-insertion phenomenon this repo's kalaallisut_data/aitwg_index/ch02.yaml already indexes as Definition 2.8 (AITWG:§2.5, 'Phonotactic epenthesis': a consonant is inserted at a morpheme boundary to break up an illegal three-vowel sequence, /j/ before /i/ or /u/, /v/ before /a/), and which this repo's schema already models as application_logic.inflection_sandhi:injection on the naaq stem entry (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml). Nielsen2012's own allomorphy rule for this very affix (-jusaq specifically 'after a long vowel', e.g. sikaaq 'cigar' -> sikaajusaq 'cigar-shaped') independently confirms the same VVV-avoidance environment Definition 2.8 describes, using this exact affix as the example. However, inflection_sandhi:injection is NOT set as a schema field on this entry: every existing use of that value in this repo's data (the naaq stem, and the Definition 2.8 index entry itself) models a STEM's own right-edge behavior under INFLECTIONAL endings, not a DERIVATIONAL AFFIX's left-edge behavior when it attaches after a preceding host -- extending the field to this second context is not yet an established pattern in this repo's data, so the connection is described here in prose rather than force-fit onto the schema. AITWG-Affixes' own single-vowel 'a' example is also a slightly atypical illustration of the long-vowel-triggered allomorph Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 both document more precisely.", "examples": [ { "surface": "a-jusaq", "natural": "the name of the '@' symbol, lit. 'something that looks like an a' (AITWG-Affixes' own example, illustrating the epenthetic /j/)" }, { "surface": "inuusaq", "natural": "doll (Nielsen2012's example, from inuk 'human being')" }, { "surface": "qajaasaq", "natural": "kayak model (Nielsen2012's example, from qajaq 'kayak')" }, { "surface": "sikaajusaq", "natural": "cigar-shaped (Nielsen2012's example, from sikaaq 'cigar'; illustrates the -jusaq allomorph after a long vowel)" }, { "surface": "aapakaajusaq", "natural": "monkey doll (Bjornum2012's example, from aapakaaq 'monkey'; illustrates the same -jusaq allomorph independently)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "AITWG:§2.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -usaq" ], "id": "N_usaq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_usiaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a figure/model of N; something made that looks like N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-usiaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Deletes the host's own final consonant before attaching: Nielsen2012's only example, inuk 'human being' -> inuusiaq 'human figure', shows the same stem-final /k/ deletion as N_usaq_N's own inuk -> inuusaq example, consistent with left_sandhi:truncative.", "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is N{-uciaq}N (with c); the italic citation form -usiaq (with s) is used here as underlying_form, the same bracket-vs-citation spelling pattern noted on N_ssiaq_N and N_usaq_N." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a figure of ___; a model of ___", "en_short": "a figure of ___; a model of ___", "da": "en figur af ___; en model af ___", "da_short": "en figur af ___; en model af ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Denotes a made figure, model, or copy resembling N -- distinct from the closely related N_usaq_N ('something that looks like N', more general/found-resemblance), this entry is specifically about a deliberately crafted figure or copy. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates with its own '÷usiaq' entry, glossed almost identically ('N-model/copy/figure'), supplying the one example used below. No Bjornum2012 match was found: a search of the transcribed extracts for 'usiaq' returned no results at all.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inuusiaq", "natural": "human figure (Nielsen2012's example, from inuk 'human being')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1" ], "id": "N_usiaq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_leritooq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "one highly inclined to work with or be concerned with N (a devoted enthusiast of N)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-leritooq", "left_sandhi": "replacive", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-lirətuuq}N, analyzed there as a historical fusion of three morphemes: N{-lirə}V ('S works with/occupies himself with N', already independently modeled in this repo as N_lire_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml) + V{tu}V ('is highly inclined to' -- MOFO's own separate page for this constituent, mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vv/tu.html, explicitly carries MOFO's Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag) + V{ðuq}N (the ordinary intransitive participle). V{tu}V's own right-sandhi note states its participle irregularly surfaces as {uq} rather than the expected V{ðuq}N, giving -tooq instead of the regular -tusoq. Despite this non-productive constituent, THIS compound's own MOFO detail page carries no Tags section and no nonproductive tag of its own (confirmed by grepping the page's raw HTML for 'nonproductive': zero hits) -- MOFO treats -leritooq as its own dictionary headword with its own Sources/Combinations/sandhi facets, not merely a live, on-the-fly stacking of its three constituents.", "TIER FLAG FOR OWNER REVIEW: classified 'core' rather than 'tail' because it meets CLAUDE.md's literal MOFO Full-Parity Initiative test (no MOFO nonproductive tag on this entry's own page; independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own §5.5.2.2 headword, see below) -- but real caution is warranted before treating this as a freely productive rule: the source's own prose calls the historical V{tu}V ingredient non-productive, and MOFO's own fourth example (nerreritooq) is explicitly flagged as 'irregularly formed', with the affix stacking directly onto a bare verb stem rather than through a nominalizer first. MOFO's own page attests exactly four lexicalized examples total, consistent with a small closed set rather than a freely extensible derivation. Recorded as an open flag, not silently resolved by the tier label.", "left_sandhi:replacive (with template denominal_noun_truncating) is grounded in MOFO's own three sandhi facets for this entry ('Truncative', 'Replacive', '/VC/ deleting') plus three of its four cited examples, all showing the same fusion mechanism already modeled by this repo's N_liaq_N/N_livik_N/N_liqsaarut_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml): the host's own final CVC syllable loses its vowel, and its consonant geminates and TAKES THE PLACE of this affix's own initial /l/, rather than the /l/ surfacing alongside a plainly truncated host. atuagaq ('book') -> atuakkeritooq: final syllable -gaq loses /aq/, /g/ geminates to [kk], replacing the affix's own /l/ (not *atuagleritooq). sinik ('sleep') -> sinneritooq: final syllable -nik loses /ik/, /n/ geminates to [nn]. nerivoq ('he eats') -> nerreritooq: MOFO flags this one as irregular (attached directly to the bare verb stem neri- without an intervening nominalizer), but the same /VC/-loss-plus-gemination-replacing-/l/ surface pattern still holds (/r/ geminates to [rr]).", "MOFO's own page states left sandhi 'is inherited from the left-most component, N{-lirə}V'. This repo's own N_lire_Vb entry (denominal_verbs.yaml) sets a DIFFERENT value, left_sandhi:schwa_buffered_truncative, for that constituent -- grounded there in ITS OWN tə-final-host schwa-stem behavior, not the CVC-syllable-gemination pattern this entry's own examples show. Recorded as a related-but-not-identical inheritance claim; left_sandhi:replacive here is NOT copied from N_lire_Vb's own value, it rests on this entry's own directly-attested examples.", "right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:none rest directly on MOFO's own facets for this entry ('Right sandhi: Default/none', 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none'); no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 declension paradigm was found for a -leritooq-derived word to further corroborate this beyond MOFO's own claim.", "Old orthography per MOFO: -leritôĸ (ĸ = old orthography's uvular stop letter, corresponding to modern q); the new-orthography citation form -leritooq is used here as underlying_form, per this repo's established convention.", "SOURCE-EDITION NOTE: MOFO cites this affix's Nielsen source as 'FAJN19' (Flemming A.J. Nielsen, 2019 edition), while this repo's own transcribed extracts (docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/) are of the 2012 edition, cited here under this repo's established Nielsen2012 key. Both give the identical section number (5.5.2.2) and the identical worked example (oqaaseq -> oqaasileritooq), so this is treated as the same passage across a later reprint/edition, not a separate corroborating source -- the Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2 citation below rests on this repo's own independently-verified 2012-edition extract, not on MOFO's FAJN19 citation.", "Oqaatsit1997:-tooq#e17522 directly lists atuakkeritooq (book-loving/bookworm), nerreritooq (food-loving/big eater) and sinneritooq (sleep-loving/sleepyhead). Its o-t label and the independent whole-word sinneritooq#e15045 and nerreritooq#e9068 rows support the lexical witnesses; they do not establish a universal N-to-N host selector, a freely productive combination or all inflection. Preserve MOFO's explicitly irregular nerreritooq host account and Nielsen2012's ordinary work-with wording separately." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one devoted to working with ___", "da": "en der er meget optaget af at arbejde med ___ (en ivrig ___-entusiast)", "en_short": "one devoted to working with ___", "da_short": "en der er meget optaget af at arbejde med ___", "composition": { "en": "one devoted to working with ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er meget optaget af at arbejde med ___ (en ivrig ___-entusiast)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Denotes a person highly inclined to work with, or preoccupied with, the noun named by the host stem -- 'a devoted enthusiast of N'. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷leritooq' headword (§5.5.2.2, 'en der arbejder med N', 'one who works with N'), which supplies the oqaasileritooq example below; the remaining three examples are directly printed together in Oqaatsit1997:-tooq#e17522, with additional whole-word entries for sinneritooq (#e15045) and nerreritooq (#e9068). The -tooq row is labelled o-t; it attests these lexical examples without resolving every host analysis of the combined -leritooq construction.", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqaasileritooq", "natural": "a linguist (Nielsen2012's own example, §5.5.2.2; from oqaaseq, 'word' -- literally 'one highly inclined to work with words')" }, { "surface": "atuakkeritooq", "natural": "a book-worm; one who really likes books (MOFO's own example, citing Oqaatsit 1997; from atuagaq, 'book' -- illustrates the replacive fusion: the host's final -gaq syllable loses its vowel and /g/ geminates to [kk], replacing this affix's own initial /l/)" }, { "surface": "sinneritooq", "natural": "a sleepy-head; one who really likes to sleep (MOFO's own example, citing Oqaatsit 1997; from sinik, 'sleep' -- same replacive fusion, /n/ geminates to [nn])" }, { "surface": "nerreritooq", "natural": "a foodie; one who really likes food/to eat (MOFO's own example, citing Oqaatsit 1997; from nerivoq, 'he eats' -- MOFO flags this one as irregularly formed, the affix attaching directly to the bare verb stem neri- rather than through an intervening nominalizer; /r/ geminates to [rr])" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "MOFO:nn/lirətuuq", "Oqaatsit1997:-tooq#e17522", "Oqaatsit1997:sinneritooq#e15045", "Oqaatsit1997:nerreritooq#e9068" ], "id": "N_leritooq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_minaatsiaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a fair-sized piece of N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-minaatsiaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16 explicitly lists N{-minaattiaq}N, a fair-sized piece of N. MOFO describes -minəatciaq as -minəq plus -atciaq; its -atciaq is separately represented here as N_atsiaq_N, while AITWG-Affixes uses N{(a)ttiaq}N for its fair-sized modifier. Preserve these literal source forms and their attributed analyses; do not silently equate N_atsiaq_N and N_ttiaq_N or infer a live stack from the shared gloss. The standalone Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.3 ÷minaatsiaq entry independently supports the combined form.", "The existing underlying_form -minaatsiaq is directly printed in MOFO new orthography, Oqaatsit1997:-minaatsiaq#e7964 and Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.3. AITWG-Affixes:p.16 instead prints bracket N{-minaattiaq}N. Preserve that notation difference; it does not by itself identify the two distinct current owners N_atsiaq_N and N_ttiaq_N as one morpheme.", "MOFO's own page states this combination is recorded as a SEPARATE affix, rather than simply -mineq plus -atciaq stacked as two ordinary affixes in sequence, because the historical schwa within the -minə- stem was affected by the following vowel after the affix's own /q/ was thrown away, giving the irregular fused vowel -minaa- rather than the shape the modern productive combination rules would predict -- consistent with AITWG-Affixes' own parenthetical 'There is also...' framing, which lists it as its own bracket form rather than describing it as a live compositional stack.", "left_sandhi:truncative is MOFO's own top-level facet for this entry, directly confirmed by both of its own cited examples: mattak ('mattak, whale skin', k-final) -> mattaminaatsiaq (host's final /k/ deletes) and nanoraq ('bear cub', q-final) -> nanoraminaatsiaq (host's final /q/ deletes) -- real attested forms, not merely the abstract rule.", "The existing right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:geminating fields were transcribed from MOFO. Its reported gemination concerns a vowel alternation; Petersen1967:-minaatsiaq#e12937 directly prints iffiaminaatsiaap and iviminaatsiaat. Those forms do not determine all oblique or possessed slots. The executable representation of this vowel pattern remains a separate field review; this evidence update does not endorse applying a consonant-gemination operation or create a new scope selector.", "MOFO's own raw HTML for this page carries no Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag (checked directly, grep for 'nonproductive': no match) -- consistent with tiering this as core (independently corroborated by AITWG-Affixes) rather than tail." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a fair-sized piece of ___", "da": "et pænt stort stykke ___", "en_short": "a fair-sized piece of ___", "da_short": "et pænt stort stykke ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes:p.16 explicitly lists N{-minaattiaq}N, a fair-sized piece of N, within the -mineq entry. Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.3 independently lists ÷minaatsiaq, a small tasty piece of N, and gives neqiminaatsiaq, a nice piece of meat. Oqaatsit1997:-minaatsiaq#e7964 gives mattaminaatsiaq, a nice piece of mattak, neqiminaatsiaq, a fairly large piece of meat, and other examples. Preserve these size/appreciative qualifications rather than reducing every source to one size adjective. Petersen1967:-minaatsiaq#e12937 prints specific inflected forms iffiaminaatsiaap and iviminaatsiaat; a full paradigm is not established here.", "examples": [ { "surface": "mattaminaatsiaq", "natural": "a fair-sized piece of mattak (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from mattak, 'mattak, whale skin'; host's final /k/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "nanoraminaatsiaq", "natural": "a fair-sized piece of bear-cub meat (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from nanoraq, 'bear cub' -- the 'meat' sense is MOFO's own gloss for the whole compound, the same idiomatic piece-of-animal-noun-implies-meat extension already seen in N_mineq_N's own kalaalimerngit, 'traditional Greenlandic food', example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.16", "MOFO:nn/-minəatciaq", "Oqaatsit1997:-minaatsiaq#e7964", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.3", "Petersen1967:-minaatsiaq#e12937" ], "id": "N_minaatsiaq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_nniaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "one who hunts N; a(n) N-hunter (restricted to animal-name hosts)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nniaq", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION -- distinct from the sibling V_niaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml, V{niaq}N, '+niaq', 'one who tries to Vb', a genuinely different word-class direction, V->N not N->N) and from N_t_hunt_Vb's own prose-only mention of the combining form N{(t)niaq}V (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml, N->V, 'hunt for N' as a verb; that entry's own notes say this combining form is 'neither modeled as a separate entry here, recorded in prose only'). MOFO's own page for this exact N->N affix (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/(t)niaq.html) states it 'is a straightforward combination of N{(t)}V, hunt for N, and V{niaq}N, one who tries to Vb' -- i.e. this entry models the fused N->N compound as its own MOFO-listed morpheme (not under mofo-mirror's Combinations/ directory, so in scope per issue #198's own inclusion criterion), distinct from either constituent already present in this repo's data.", "Printed Nielsen2012 page 133 independently lists '+nniaq, en der jager N' and tuttu -> tuttunniaq; the index agrees. The former transcribed ÷ marker and truncating template were errors. Use additive attachment for this nominal hunter head; retain the independently noted lexical nanoq/nannu- irregularity and separate V->N analysis.", "underlying_form '-nniaq' follows Nielsen2012's own headword spelling directly ('+nniaq'), rather than MOFO's own bracket notation N{(t)niaq}N or its 'New orthography' citation pair ('+niaq, -nniaq' -- MOFO lists both an additive- and a truncative-looking surface variant on the same page without asserting one as primary, consistent with its own 'Left sandhi: Default' facet, i.e. 'inferred directly from the morphemic form' rather than one asserted value).", "AITWG-Affixes' own text (docs/affixlist/2-nominalisers.md, p.11) attests the identical surface form and meaning ('V{niaq}N, +niaq, one who tries to Vb ... seemingly often used with verbs for hunting, e.g. tuttunniaq, one who is hunting caribou') but files it under the sibling V{niaq}N headword rather than splitting out a separate N->N entry the way Nielsen2012 does; likewise Bjornum2012 (K9§6 s.v. +niaq) glosses the identical 'kortformen +niaq v-n en der er på jagt efter; -jæger' ('short form ... hunter') and gives the nannunniaq example, also filed under its own V-attaching '+niarpoq' discussion rather than as a distinct N->N headword. Both are cited below as corroborating the real-world example words and the 'hunter' meaning; this cross-source disagreement on which word-class direction is primary is flagged here rather than silently resolved -- this repo's schema, like MOFO's and unlike AITWG-Affixes'/Bjornum2012's own presentation, keeps the two directions as separate entries, matching Nielsen2012's own split.", "MOFO's own page additionally records Right sandhi: Default/none, Inflection sandhi: Geminating/Default-none, and Stem type(s): Weak q-stem for the derived noun -- none independently corroborated, so none is asserted as a schema field here. In particular, the one directly relevant worked example of gemination (nannunniaq, below) is explicitly called out on MOFO's own page as an unexplained irregularity of that specific lexicalised stem ('irregularly formed with drop of the final /q/ and gemination of /n/ to /nn/ ... it is not clear why this happened'), not a general rule of this affix -- the same treatment this repo's own N_t_hunt_Vb entry already gives the identical nanoq/nannu- irregularity." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who hunts ___; a(n) ___-hunter", "en_short": "one who hunts ___", "da": "en der jager ___; en ___-jæger", "da_short": "en der jager ___", "composition": { "en": "one who hunts ___; a(n) ___-hunter", "da": "en der jager ___; en ___-jæger" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "jager ___; en ___-jæger" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives an agentive noun meaning 'one who hunts N', restricted per MOFO's own page to animal-name hosts. The two examples below are independently attested word-forms also cited (under a sibling V->N analysis) by this repo's own V_niaq_N/N_t_hunt_Vb entries -- see the disambiguation note above; the same real surface forms are cited here for this entry's own N->N sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tuttunniaq", "natural": "a caribou/reindeer hunter (from tuttu, 'caribou/reindeer'; Nielsen2012's own worked example for +nniaq, glossed 'rensdyrjæger', independently matching AITWG-Affixes' own example under its sibling V{niaq}N entry)" }, { "surface": "nannunniaq", "natural": "a polar-bear hunter (from nanoq, 'polar bear', with the host irregularly geminating to nannu- before this affix -- see the note above; independently attested by Bjornum2012 under its own V-attaching '+niaq' analysis, glossed 'bjørnejæger')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1", "Nielsen2012:§7.2", "AITWG-Affixes:p.11", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +niaq" ], "id": "N_nniaq_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_ut_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "an owned/at-disposal N; especially hides, domestic animals (not qimmeq dog), tools and food items in Nielsen2012; not caught animals; lexical contrasts and exceptions require word-specific knowledge", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_ut_N:0e80ac5216b0", "items": [ { "text": "an owned/at-disposal N; especially hides, domestic animals (not qimmeq dog), tools and food items in Nielsen2012; not caught animals; lexical contrasts and exceptions require word-specific knowledge", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ut", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qarpoq", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ut", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "i": "-ut", "u": "-ut", "a": "-at", "aa": "-jut", "uu": "-jut" }, "notes": [ "vowel_onset_allomorphs (jandahl/oq#773 triage): structurally encodes the three-way quality/length split MOFO and Bjornum2012 both state (see the citation note directly below) -- extended in this same batch to cover the length-conditioned aa/uu keys alongside the pre-existing quality keys a/i/u. Directly confirmed by this entry's own examples: sava -> savaat (a-conditioned -at) and pooq -> puujutaa (host's truncated stem is spelled poo- with the /q/ present, the uvular-lowered allophone of underlying long /uu/ per docs/phonology.js's own o->u VOWEL_QUALITY mapping; once left_sandhi:truncative deletes that /q/ the lowering environment disappears and the spelling reverts to its underlying uu-quality puu-, keyed here as uu -- surfacing the aa/uu-conditioned -jut per Bjornum2012's own rule). Does NOT touch the separate UNDERMODELED -a+u->-aat declension puzzle noted below, which is about the derived noun's own further inflection, not this affix's onset.", "MOFO's own citation line for this affix ('New orthography: -ut, -at, +jut'; bracket form N{-utə}N, a tə/schwa-final stem) is independently and precisely corroborated by Bjornum2012's own headword, giving the identical three-way allomorph split -- '-ut (efter i og u)', '-at (efter a)', '-jut (efter aa og uu)' -- glossed 'noget ejet' ('something owned'), an exact match of both form and gloss, not just a shared string. Nielsen2012 independently attests the same affix as its own '÷utə 4, ÷jutə (efter lang vokal)' headword (§5.5.3.4), glossed 'ejet N, til rådighed stående N; især om skind, husdyr (dog ikke om hund), værktøj og madvarer; bruges ikke om dyr man har fanget' ('owned N, N at [the possessor's] disposal; especially of hides, domestic animals (but not dogs), tools and food items; not used of animals one has caught') -- this explicitly includes livestock, tools and food and does not corroborate a broad exclusion of household items/animals.", "DISAMBIGUATION, closing a gap this repo's own existing V_ut_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml, 'means/instrument/cause for V-ing') already flagged: that entry's own notes state 'Bjornum2012's own affix list contains an unrelated, HOMOGRAPHIC entry also spelled -ut (n-n, noget ejet, something owned, e.g. narsaat from narsaq meadow) -- a denominal possession-marking affix, not this deverbal means/instrument affix; deliberately not conflated here'. This entry is precisely that denominal n-n sense, authored as its own entry per V_ut_N's own explicit call rather than folded into it -- same citation spelling, different word class, different etymology, not the same morpheme. (The wider '-ut(ə)' family in this repo now spans four distinct entries across two word classes and two senses: V_ut_N/V_qqut_N, deverbal 'means/instrument', and N_qut_N/N_ut_N, denominal -- 'group-member' vs. this entry's 'owned N'.)", "left_sandhi:truncative matches MOFO's own 'Left sandhi: Truncative' facet exactly, and is independently and generally grounded by AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 ('all affixes and endings beginning in a vowel are sandhi-truncative', no exception clause), since this affix's own citation form begins with the vowel /u/ -- the same general rule already grounding this repo's other vowel-initial N-attaching affixes (e.g. N_iqniaq_N, N_aluit_N, N_araq_N, N_innaq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml and nominal_modifiers.yaml). Directly confirmed by Nielsen2012's own ameq ('skin', q-final) -> amiutaa ('his (sealskin)') example, which shows the host's final /q/ absent before this affix attaches (the e->i vowel change is a separate, general host-side rule, not evidence of this affix's own sandhi), and by the narsaq -> narsaat / nersut -> nersutaat examples below, both likewise showing no trace of the host's own final consonant in the derived form.", "right_sandhi:none matches MOFO's own 'Right sandhi: Default/none' facet, recorded explicitly per this repo's established convention for that MOFO facet (e.g. V_qqut_N, deverbal_nouns.yaml). MOFO's own 'Inflection sandhi' facet is likewise 'Default/none', which is already this schema's own default, so it is left unset rather than restated.", "UNDERMODELED: the derived noun's own ABS.sg surface form on hosts ending in /a/ (savaat, narsaat, nersutaat, angutaataa, all below) shows a long '-aat' rather than the bare '-ut' MOFO's own declension table lists under 'Notable forms: ABS.sg', suggesting some vowel-coalescence interaction between the host's own final /a/ and this affix's own initial /u/ -- e.g. puujutaa (below) shows the distinct -jut allomorph surfacing cleanly instead, consistent with Bjornum2012's own conditioning rule. Neither Nielsen2012 nor Bjornum2012 explains the -a+u->-aat mechanism in prose, and it is not confidently attributable to any single existing inflection_sandhi enum value here, so it is recorded as an open, described-but-uncoded pattern rather than force-fit -- matching this repo's established practice for similarly under-determined declension facts (e.g. N_lik_N, N_nnguaq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml and nominal_modifiers.yaml).", "morphology_class below cross-references MOFO's own 'Stem type: tə-stem' / 'Declension type: p-declined' facets directly (matching the established alveolar_schwa_stem/p mapping already used elsewhere in this repo, e.g. V_qqut_N) but, as with that entry, this is NOT independently corroborated against a full Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 declension paradigm (ERG.sg/ERG.pl forms specifically) -- only the ABS.sg-level examples below were found, which are consistent with, but do not by themselves prove, MOFO's own stem_type/declension_class claim.", "MOFO's own 'Variants' field cross-references N{-qutə}N -- already modeled in this repo as N_qut_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, 'the N of a group'). Despite MOFO's own claimed variant relationship (presumably etymological), N_qut_N's own independent AITWG-Affixes+Nielsen2012 sourcing gives it a clearly distinct, already-established meaning ('the N of a group', picking out a member by role within a group) from this entry's own 'owned N' sense -- not conflated here; recorded as a documented cross-reference only, following this repo's established practice of declining to merge look-alikes without independent semantic confirmation.", "LEXICALIZED PERSON EXCEPTION (MOFO-only fact, not independently found in the transcribed Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 extracts searched for this entry): MOFO's own prose names a small, explicitly lexicalized exception to the general 'not used with persons' rule -- angutaat(aa) 'boyfriend' and arnaat(aa) 'girlfriend' (from {aŋutə}N 'man' / {aqnaq}N 'woman') -- necessary specifically because the plain 3sg-possessed forms angutaa/arnaa already mean 'her father'/'his mother' instead. This is indirectly corroborated: Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's own angutaateqarpoq ('she has a boyfriend') example (below) independently uses the identical angutaat- root in the same lexicalized sense, confirming the sense exists outside MOFO's own page, even though neither transcribed extract gives the bare possessed form angutaataa itself -- so that specific worked form is credited to MOFO alone in the example below.", "MOFO's own page cites two sources for this affix -- [CBBJRPIKJR97] Christian Berthelsen, Birgitte Jakobsen, Robert Petersen, Inge Kleivan & Jørgen Rischel (1997), Oqaatsit, and [CWSL58] C.W. Schultz-Lorentzen (1958), Den Grønlandske Ordbog -- not cited as MOFO: provenance below, per this repo's own established convention (see V_qqut_N's own SYNTHESIS NOTE, kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml) of reserving that provenance tag for the dedicated MOFO-derived tail file (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml); Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 alone ground this entry's own provenance below, with MOFO's own corroboration and per-example sourcing recorded here in prose instead.", "FILING NOTE for reviewers: placed in nominal_extenders.yaml rather than nominal_modifiers.yaml on the judgment that this is a single, non-recursive grammatical distinction (alienable vs. inalienable possession), closer in kind to this file's own N_lik_N ('owner/possessor of N') and N_qat_N (relational 'fellow N') entries than to nominal_modifiers.yaml's largely adjectival/size/quality-scalar entries, which per that chapter's own AITWG-Affixes framing 'may have multiple modifiers added in succession' -- this affix does not stack the same way. AITWG-Affixes itself does not document this affix at all (absent from both docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md and 4-nominal-modifiers.md, checked directly), so the usual AITWG-Affixes-chapter-placement signal is unavailable; Nielsen2012's own §5.5.3.4 grouping ('Flere N, med-N, del af helhed') is not a clean discriminator either, since it already spans entries filed in BOTH this repo's files (N_qat_N here vs. N_pak_N/N_taq_N in nominal_modifiers.yaml). Flagged as a genuine judgment call, not a confident placement, per CLAUDE.md's own instruction for this case.", "SURFACE COLLISION (#544 theme 1): after a-conditioned -at (and hosts that yield -aat), this affix + ABS can tie exact analyses with N_ABS_POSS3PL_SG ('their N', underlying -at). Pilot aalisaat / aappaat show the tie. Prefer POSS3PL for plain 'their N'; prefer this entry only when alienable-ownership contrast is intended. aalisaat 'fishing line' is likely lexicalised fishing-family vocabulary, not wallpaper+possessor. See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme1-affix-ambiguity-dossiers.md.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ut (n-n, lines 2513–2553) gives the qimmeq dog exception alongside qimmiaraateqarpugut (we have a puppy, qimmiaraq): do not extend the exception to every derived dog noun. Its kaffiuteqarpit (coffee in the kitchen/shop) contrasts with kaffeqarpit (coffee in the cup); sikaritsiuteqarpit has -ut while ikitsiseqarpit lacks it. The source explicitly warns that unfamiliar words may not reveal whether -ut belongs. Owned livestock nersutaat/savaat and lexicalized person constructions remain attested; no universal optional -ut or new nominal paradigm is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___ (owned or at the possessor's disposal)", "en_short": "___", "da": "en ejet ___; noget man ejer eller har til rådighed (brugen afhænger af ordet)", "da_short": "___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an N as owned or at the possessor’s disposal. Nielsen2012 §5.5.3.4 explicitly includes hides, livestock, tools and food; Bjornum2012 K9§6 attests livestock and stored coffee. MOFO’s broader household-item/animal avoidance is a source-specific generalization, not a ban shared by these grammars. Preserve lexical contrasts and exceptions rather than predict optional use universally.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illuut", "natural": "a house one owns (Oqaatsit1997:-ut#e18645)" }, { "surface": "savaat", "natural": "an owned sheep, one belonging to someone (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from sava, 'sheep'; also MOFO's own example, that page sourced to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" }, { "surface": "narsaat", "natural": "a field, an appropriated meadow (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from narsaq, 'meadow'; also MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "puujutaa", "natural": "his bag (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from pooq, 'bag' -- illustrates the -jut allomorph after this long-vowel host, per Bjornum2012's own conditioning rule: -jut after aa/uu)" }, { "surface": "angutaateqarpoq", "natural": "she has a boyfriend, lit. 'she has an owned man' (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from angut, 'man', combined with this repo's own N_qaq_Vb 'there is/has N' (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml) -- illustrating MOFO's own claim that this affix is 'often... followed by... N{-qaq}V'; Bjornum2012 separately notes the near-identical qitsuuteqarpoq, 'he has a cat', directly matching MOFO's own qitsuuteqarpunga cat example)" }, { "surface": "nersutaat", "natural": "a domestic animal, livestock (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from nersut, 'land mammal')" }, { "surface": "angutaataa", "natural": "her boyfriend (MOFO's own example, from {aŋutə}N 'man' + this affix + the 3sg possessive ending -a; MOFO notes this lexicalized use with a PERSON is an exception to the affix's usual avoidance of person-denoting hosts, since angutaa alone would instead mean 'her father' -- independently echoed, though not independently attested as this exact possessed form, by the angutaateqarpoq example above)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:-ut#e18645", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ut", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qarpoq", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "N_ut_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_tungaa_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "toward N (spatial/directional)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tungaa", "notes": [ "Built on the bound directional stem tungi* ('the area/direction toward'; Bjornum2012's own item 20 in its list of bound spatial-noun stems, K4§6, glossed 'området, som først skal passeres, inden man når frem til det; retning mod'), here shown in its 3sg-possessed allative-locative form -tungaa; distinct from the -tə-final spatial stem family already partially modeled by N_te_N (kitə, kujatə, atə, avatə, silatə), which does not include tungi/tungaa.", "Nielsen2012's own §6.4.5 (Spatiale nominer) cross-references this exact affix forward to §5.5.2 ('Om {÷tungə-} som tilhæng, se § 5.5.2'), and separately notes 'De fleste spatiale nominer kan kombineres med tungə*, ofte uden betydningsændring' -- i.e. tungə/tungaa can be added onto most of the other bound directional stems in that same list, largely without changing their meaning.", "left_sandhi deliberately not asserted: no consonant-final host attachment example was found in either source checked (Nielsen2012's own example is on the vowel-final host ullaaq)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "toward ___", "da": "hen imod ___ (retning)", "en_short": "toward ___", "da_short": "hen imod ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks direction toward the noun named by the host -- 'toward N'; per Nielsen2012, freely combinable with most of the bound spatial/directional nominal stems.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ullaatungaa", "natural": "toward/around this morning (Nielsen2012's example, from ullaaq, 'morning')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§6 s.v. tungi" ], "id": "N_tungaa_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_ussutsi_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "one who is/acts as N for someone (a role or office held toward another person); rare in modern use" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ussutsi", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012's own gloss and single worked example are given with no further etymological comment; the surface shape is suggestively parallel to this repo's own N_u_Vb ('be N') plus V_ssuseq_N ('-ness', whose geminating oblique allomorph is -ssutsi), but Nielsen2012 does not itself analyze the form that way, and no independent source (AITWG-Affixes chs. 3-4, Bjornum2012) was found for this specific headword after a real search (grepped docs/affixlist/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'ussutsi', zero hits) -- rests on Nielsen2012 alone, recorded as its own headword rather than asserted as a live stacking of those two entries.", "Printed Nielsen2012 page 135 gives ÷ussutsi and ajoqiussutsi, with the rare-modern-use restriction. The former + marker and inherited additive boundary were transcription-derived errors." ], "left_sandhi": "truncative" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one who acts as ___ for {{Actor}}", "en_short": "one who acts as ___ for {{Actor}}", "da": "en der er som ___ for nogen; en der optræder som ___ for nogen (sjælden i moderne brug)", "da_short": "er som ___ for nogen; optræder som ___ for nogen", "composition": { "en": "one who acts as ___ for {{Actor}}" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er som ___ for nogen; optræder som ___ for nogen (sjælden i moderne brug)" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun's referent as filling the role or office of N with respect to someone else. Nielsen2012 explicitly flags this affix as 'bruges næppe i nutiden' (hardly used nowadays); only one worked example is given in any source consulted.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ajoqiussutsi", "natural": "the catechist (in a place/congregation) (Nielsen2012's example, from ajoqi, 'catechist')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2" ], "id": "N_ussutsi_N", "category": "nominal_extenders" } ], "N_aluit_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a group of N (inherently plural; requires a plural ending, cannot stand in the singular)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_aluit_N:4cd331a9a0eb", "items": [ { "text": "a group of N (inherently plural; requires a plural ending, cannot stand in the singular)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-aluit", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation decomposes this as N{-aluk}N + N{-it} (the plural ending); the already-inflected citation form -aluit is used here as underlying_form and as the basis for this entry's ID, the same choice already made for N_giit_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml) for the identical structural situation (stem + N{-it}, inherently plural).", "The affix's own root -aluk is vowel-initial (/a/): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 states all vowel-initial affixes and endings are sandhi-truncative, with no exception clause -- directly grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same established meaning as N_iqniaq_N's own left_sandhi:truncative.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text also flags a possible variant, N{paaluk}N + N{-it} (⟹* +paaluit), 'with same meaning' -- explicitly hedged there as 'possibly also', and no independent corroboration for this variant was found in the Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 extracts searched for this entry. Not modeled as a separate underlying_form or entry; recorded here as a weakly-attested variant only, matching how similarly-hedged claims are handled elsewhere in this repo." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a group of ___ (needs a plural ending)", "da": "en gruppe af ___ (kun i flertal)", "en_short": "a group of ___", "da_short": "en gruppe af ___", "composition": { "en": "a group of ___", "da": "en gruppe af ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms an inherently plural noun meaning a group or batch of the base noun. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates with its own '÷aluit' entry, glossed almost identically ('several, a group of'), supplying both examples below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sikualuit", "natural": "a batch of ice pieces (Nielsen2012's example, from siku, 'ice')" }, { "surface": "arnaaluit", "natural": "a group of women (Nielsen2012's example, from arnaq, 'woman')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4" ], "id": "N_aluit_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_araq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a small N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-araq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The affix's own root is vowel-initial (/a/): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 states all vowel-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative, with no exception clause -- grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same established meaning as N_usaq_N's own left_sandhi:truncative. Nielsen2012's own sikaaq -> sikaavaraq example additionally illustrates AITWG:§2.5 Definition 2.8 phonotactic epenthesis: sikaaq's final /q/ truncates (leaving /aa/), and since this affix's own initial /a/ would otherwise create a disallowed triple-a sequence, an epenthetic /v/ is inserted, exactly matching Definition 2.8's own /aa.a/ -> aava rule.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text also cites an alternative form, N{-V'raq}N, where a lengthened copy of the preceding vowel replaces the /a/ -- illustrated in the source's own two-way example, paniaraq and paneeraq (both from {panik}N, 'daughter'), which are used verbatim as this entry's own worked examples below since they are given directly in the source, not fabricated.", "Gemination of this affix's own final /r/ to /qq/ under inflection (per the source's own 'plural ⟹* -aqqat' claim) is directly grounded by AITWG:§6.6 Definition 6.5 (regular gemination of weak q-stems' second-to-last consonant before a consonant-initial ending) plus AITWG:§3.10 (the Fricative rule: a doubled voiced fricative like /rr/ devoices to its voiceless counterpart -- for /r/, the uvular stop /q/, giving /rr/ -> [qq]). This is the exact same mechanism AITWG's own text illustrates directly with a real k-stem-behaving-like-a-weak-q-stem example, {ujarak}N (stone) ⟹* ujaqqat (stones) (AITWG:§6.6) -- an independently real word showing the identical r -> qq alternation this affix's own plural is claimed to undergo, not just an abstract rule. This grounding was checked against the established scope of inflection_sandhi:geminating (the amiq/taliq/ukaliq entries in kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml: 'a single already-present consonant doubling itself when a morphologically-conditioned ending attaches', per kalaallisut_data/aitwg_index/ch03.yaml's own note distinguishing this from unrelated consonant-assimilation) and confirmed to be the same phenomenon, not the different one that note warns against conflating it with." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a small ___", "da": "en lille ___", "en_short": "a small ___", "da_short": "en lille ___", "composition": { "en": "small ___", "da": "lille ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "agreement_variants": { "da": { "common_singular": "lille", "neuter_singular": "lille", "plural": "små", "definite": "lille", "possessive": "lille" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives a noun meaning a small version of the base noun. AITWG-Affixes gives no plain worked example for the -araq form itself (only the two vowel-lengthened -V'raq forms, used below), so the remaining examples are Nielsen2012's own independent ones.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illuaraq", "natural": "a small house, a hut (Nielsen2012's example, from illu, 'house')" }, { "surface": "sikaavaraq", "natural": "a small cigar, a cigarillo (Nielsen2012's example, from sikaaq, 'cigar' -- illustrates the epenthetic /v/ after a truncated long-vowel-final host, AITWG:§2.5)" }, { "surface": "paniaraq", "natural": "a little daughter (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from {panik}N, 'daughter' -- the plain -araq form)" }, { "surface": "paneeraq", "natural": "a little daughter (AITWG-Affixes' own example, same source word -- the alternative -V'raq vowel-lengthening form, both said to be possible)" }, { "surface": "-aqqat", "natural": "the general plural pattern of -araq-final words (AITWG-Affixes' own abstract citation form for the r -> qq gemination-plus-devoicing plural, not tied to a specific lexeme in the source)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§2.5", "AITWG:§6.6", "AITWG:§3.10", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15026" ], "id": "N_araq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_innaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "just/only a(n) N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-innaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "aa": "-ginnaq", "ii": "-ginnaq", "a": "-annaq" }, "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2: The restrictive affix can follow an already-inflected noun or an adverbial expression, not only a bare noun: ullumiinnaq attaches to ullumi. Preserve the existing case contribution; no new declitic entry is inferred.", "vowel_onset_allomorphs (jandahl/oq#773 triage, using the length axis grammarian PR #434 added): Bjornum2012's own affix-list entry states -innaq after i/u, +innaq after the nominalizer +neq, and -ginnaq specifically after long aa/ii -- the aa/ii case is now structurally encoded here (only aa/ii, deliberately not uu, since that's all Bjornum2012's own text claims); directly confirmed by this entry's own qallunaaginnaq example (from qavlunaaq, an aa-final host). The short i/u case already matches this entry's own default underlying_form, needing no separate key. The \"+innaq after +neq\" clause is a different axis entirely (a preceding AFFIX class, not a vowel quality/length or a specific stem lexeme) that neither vowel_onset_allomorphs nor lexical_overrides can express, so it stays in prose below.", "The affix's own root is vowel-initial (/i/): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 states all vowel-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative -- grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same established meaning as N_usaq_N's own left_sandhi:truncative. On a consonant-final host this simply deletes the host's final consonant (imeq -> imiinnaq, qisuk -> qisuinnaq, both below).", "On a VOWEL-final host, this affix is the single named exception to AITWG:§2.5 Definition 2.8's regular phonotactic-epenthesis rule: footnote 7 to Definition 2.8 states plainly that 'N{innaq}N (just an N) and its verbal counterpart V{innaq}V (just Vb'ing) insert a /g/ instead of the expected /v/... precisely an exception, not a rule.' AITWG-Affixes' own qallunaaginnaq example (from {qavlunaaq}N, 'a Dane', an aa-final host) directly illustrates this. Bjornum2012's own affix-list entry independently gives the precise conditioning environment AITWG-Affixes' bare text doesn't spell out: -innaq after i/u, +innaq after the nominalizer +neq, and -ginnaq specifically after long aa/ii -- qavlunaaq's own final -aa- falls exactly into the -ginnaq-triggering environment, directly explaining AITWG-Affixes' own example word.", "AITWG-Affixes' own claim that this is a 'pseudo-q stem' is independently and directly grounded, not just asserted: AITWG:§6.7 names N{innaq*}N in the same sentence as {utuqqaq*}N as the two standard examples of this exact stem class ('a very small group of stems ending in /q/... behaving exactly like the k-stems... do not automatically throw away their final /q/'). {utuqqaq}N is already modeled in this repo (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) with morphology_class stem_type:uvular_retaining_stem / declension_class:up / strength:regular -- this entry mirrors those same values for the identical AITWG-named stem class, rather than the different uvular_deleting_stem/weak pairing this repo's separately-existing V_galuaq_N entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) uses for a MOFO-labeled 'weak q-stem' that AITWG's own footnote 21 (§6.11) ALSO calls a 'pseudo-q stem' -- an existing, unresolved terminology tension between two other entries in this repo, flagged here rather than silently resolved, and not something this entry attempts to fix.", "No single existing inflection_sandhi enum value was asserted for this affix's own further declension, despite real, independently-sourced data: Nielsen2012's own paradigm marker for this exact affix ('÷innaap, ÷innaat, ÷innarmik') shows /q/ fully truncating before the vowel-initial endings -up/-it (ordinary Definition 2.7 truncativity, matching AITWG:§6.7's own utoqqaq, utoqqaap, utoqqaat, utoqqarmut paradigm) but weakening to /r/ before the consonant-initial ending -mik -- an asymmetric pattern (truncates before vowel-initial, weakens before consonant-initial) that does not match inflection_sandhi:weakening's own established scope (per the assik entry: weakening specifically BEFORE vowel-initial endings, the opposite distribution). Described here in prose rather than force-fit onto an enum value that doesn't actually match.", "Nielsen2012 separately catalogs ÷innaq 2 in §5.5.1.4, glossed 'kun, bare vb-ende': a V-to-N nominalization, not the V-to-V counterpart named by AITWG. It does not attest this N-attaching entry. Keep nominal ÷innaq 1 (§5.5.3.2), the deverbal nominalization and AITWG's separate verbal counterpart distinct.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -innaq (lines 643–672) explicitly gives -annaq after a, now encoded alongside the existing aa/ii -ginnaq keys; -innaq after i/u and additive +innaq after the preceding affix +neq remain distinct conditions. It permits singular/plural pronouns (uangaannaq, uaguinnaat) and allative/locative hosts (siumuinnaq, ullumiinnaq). Preserve their case contribution: these witnesses do not authorize all case forms or unrestricted enclitic attachment. -innaap/-innaat/-innarmik are principal forms, not a complete paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "just/only a(n) ___", "da": "kun en ___; bare en ___", "en_short": "just a(n) ___; only a(n) ___", "da_short": "kun en ___; bare en ___", "composition": { "en": "just ___; only ___", "da": "kun ___; bare ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the base noun as being merely, only, or just that thing -- often diminishing or restricting its significance. AITWG-Affixes' own single example (qallunaaginnaq) illustrates the exceptional epenthetic /g/ after a long-vowel-final host; the remaining examples below (consonant-final hosts, taking the plain -innaq form via ordinary left_sandhi:truncative deletion) are Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's own, independently corroborating both the affix and its core meaning.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ullumiinnaq", "natural": "only today (Nielsen2012 §5.5.3.2)" }, { "surface": "qallunaaginnaq", "natural": "just/only a Dane (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from {qavlunaaq}N, 'a Dane' -- illustrates the exceptional epenthetic /g/ after this aa-final host)" }, { "surface": "imiinnaq", "natural": "just water, it's only water (Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012's shared example, from imeq, 'water' -- a plain consonant-final host, ordinary truncative attachment)" }, { "surface": "qisuinnaq", "natural": "entirely of wood (Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012's shared example, from qisuk, 'wood, as material')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§2.5", "AITWG:§6.7", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -innaq" ], "id": "N_innaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_kanniq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "almost, more or less a(n) N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_kanniq_N:70dae8eb964a", "items": [ { "text": "almost, more or less a(n) N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kanneq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is N{-kanniq}N, but its own cited citation form is 'kanneq' (a different vowel) -- the same kind of bracket-vs-citation spelling mismatch already noted on several nominal_extenders.yaml entries (e.g. N_ssiaq_N, N_usaq_N); the citation form is used here as underlying_form, and independently matches Nielsen2012's own headword spelling ('÷kanneq') exactly.", "K-initial affix (a single /k/, not a consonant cluster): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 states all affixes beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative regardless of cluster size -- grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same established meaning as N_kkaaq_N's own left_sandhi:truncative.", "Nielsen2012 independently notes this affix 'kan føjes til terminalisendelsen' (can be added onto the terminalis case ending), i.e. it can attach after an already-inflected form, not only directly onto a bare noun stem -- illustrated by its own sanimut -> sanimukanneq example below. AITWG-Affixes' own text doesn't mention this broader adverbial-attachment pattern; recorded here as an independent addition, not a contradiction." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "almost, more or less a(n) ___", "da": "næsten, mere eller mindre en ___", "en_short": "almost, more or less a ___", "da_short": "næsten, mere eller mindre en ___", "composition": { "en": "almost, more or less ___", "da": "næsten, mere eller mindre ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Modifies the base noun to express an approximate or partial degree of it -- 'almost N' or 'more or less N'. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates with its own '÷kanneq' entry, glossed almost identically ('almost, more or less N; forms and modifies adverbial expressions'), supplying both examples below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kitikanneq", "natural": "almost west (Nielsen2012's example, from kiteq, 'west')" }, { "surface": "sanimukanneq", "natural": "a bit to the side (Nielsen2012's example, from sanimut, 'to the side', terminalis case -- illustrates attachment after an inflected form rather than a bare stem)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2" ], "id": "N_kanniq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_kasik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a bad/poor N (often used affectionately, positive or negative depending on context)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_kasik_N:50a8b4547473", "items": [ { "text": "a bad/poor N (often used affectionately, positive or negative depending on context)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "Oqaatsit1997:-kasik#e6990" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kasik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own headword groups two related citation forms under one shared gloss ('bad/poor N'): N{-kasik}N (-kasik) and N{-kassak}N (-kassak) -- combined here under one entry/ID, matching the same source-driven combining precedent already used for N_giit_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml), rather than being split into two entries.", "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all /kŋpqr/-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same established meaning as N_kkaaq_N's own left_sandhi:truncative.", "Nielsen2012 independently catalogs these as two adjacent sub-entries with matching but not identical glosses: '÷kasik, slem, kær N, positiv eller negativ betydning afhængig af kontekst' (bad, dear N, positive or negative meaning depending on context -- an exact match for AITWG-Affixes' own gloss) and '÷kassak, plur. ÷kassaat; sølle, kære N; mest i Nordgrønland' (poor, dear N; mostly in North Greenland) -- independently confirming both forms AND flagging -kassak as a regionally-marked (North Greenlandic) variant, a detail AITWG-Affixes' own text does not mention." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a bad ___; a poor ___", "da": "en dårlig ___; en stakkels ___", "en_short": "a bad ___; a poor ___", "da_short": "en dårlig ___; en stakkels ___", "composition": { "en": "bad ___; poor ___", "da": "dårlig ___; stakkels ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the base noun as bad, poor, or pitiable -- but per both sources this can flip to an affectionate, endearing sense depending on context and tone, the same ambivalence the chapter's own introduction flags for this whole 'negative meaning' affix group. -kassak is Nielsen2012's own flagged North Greenlandic regional variant of -kasik, not a separate meaning.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inukasik", "natural": "poor thing (Nielsen2012's example, from inuk, 'person')" }, { "surface": "inukassak", "natural": "poor person (Nielsen2012's example, from inuk, 'person' -- the North Greenlandic -kassak variant)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "Oqaatsit1997:-kasik#e6990" ], "id": "N_kasik_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_kkataaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a rather big N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkattaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "K-initial affix beginning in a consonant cluster /kk/: both phonotactically truncative (AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4, since a morpheme beginning with a consonant cluster can only join onto a vowel) and, independently, sandhi-truncative under AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule -- either would ground boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, matching the same established meaning as N_kkaaq_N's own left_sandhi:truncative (an affix beginning with the identical /kk/ cluster).", "Spelling: AITWG-Affixes' own printed citation form is -kkattaaq (double /t/), used here as underlying_form per this repo's convention of citing the primary source's own citation spelling. Nielsen2012 independently attests the same affix with a single /t/ instead (÷kkataaq, glossed identically 'en ret stor N'; its own worked example viinnikkataaq below uses that single-t spelling) -- a genuine two-source spelling variant, not a transcription typo in either source, recorded here rather than silently normalized to one or the other." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a rather big ___", "da": "en temmelig stor ___", "en_short": "a rather big ___", "da_short": "en temmelig stor ___", "composition": { "en": "rather big ___", "da": "temmelig stor ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives a noun meaning a fairly large/big version of the base noun -- a moderate degree, distinct from N_kkallak_N's identical gloss (see that entry's own note on why the two are kept as separate entries rather than combined).", "examples": [ { "surface": "viinnikkataaq", "natural": "a rather big bottle of wine (Nielsen2012's example, from viinni, 'wine')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1" ], "id": "N_kkataaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_kkallak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a rather big N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkallak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "K-initial affix beginning in a consonant cluster /kk/: both phonotactically truncative (AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4) and sandhi-truncative under AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule -- grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, matching N_kkaaq_N's own left_sandhi:truncative.", "AITWG-Affixes itself lists this as a separate headword from N_kkataaq_N above, despite an identical gloss ('a rather big N') -- kept as two separate entries here rather than combined, matching the source's own presentation (unlike N_kasik_N/N_giit_N, which the source itself groups under one shared headword).", "A candidate look-alike was found in Nielsen2012 (§5.5.3.1) -- '÷kullak, -aap, -aat; en temmelig stor N' ('a rather big N') -- an identical gloss, but the form does not actually line up closely enough to cite as a match: Nielsen's form is single-/k/, /u/-vowel ('kullak'), against AITWG-Affixes' own double-/kk/, /a/-vowel ('kkallak'). Given the gloss match but form mismatch, this is deliberately NOT cited as corroboration for this entry, following this repo's established practice of declining a look-alike rather than silently treating it as confirmation (as previously done for e.g. N_qut_N's declined Bjornum2012 'qut'-string match)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a rather big ___", "da": "en temmelig stor ___", "en_short": "a rather big ___", "da_short": "en temmelig stor ___", "composition": { "en": "rather big ___", "da": "temmelig stor ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives a noun meaning a fairly large/big version of the base noun. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry, and no independent corroboration (matching both form and gloss) was found in the Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012 extracts searched for this entry -- see the declined near-match noted above." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "N_kkallak_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_kkaluk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "bad/small/dear N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkaluk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Double-k-initial affix, the same surface shape as this repo's existing N_kkaaq_N, N_kkut_N and N_kkuutaat_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all affixes beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, matching those three sibling entries' own established treatment of the identical kk- onset shape.", "AITWG-Affixes' own chapter-4 opening remark applies directly to this entry: negative-leaning modifiers like this one ('bad/small') 'can often be used affectionately' -- hence the three-way gloss 'bad/small/dear N'.", "No Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012 corroboration was found: Nielsen2012's own '5.5.3.3 God, pæn, sød, slem eller stakkels N' section (the semantically closest match -- 'good, nice, sweet, bad, or poor N', explicitly enumerating all 21 of its own entries) contains no headword resembling 'kkaluk'. A Bjornum2012 search for the bare string 'kkaluk' returns exactly one hit, 'pakkaluaq' ('sommerfugl', butterfly) -- a coincidental substring match on an unrelated, unanalysed lexicalized word, not this affix; deliberately declined as a citation rather than silently accepted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bad/small/dear ___", "da": "dårlig ___; lille ___; kære ___", "en_short": "bad ___; small ___; dear ___", "da_short": "dårlig ___; lille ___; kære ___", "composition": { "en": "bad ___; small ___; dear ___", "da": "dårlig ___; lille ___; kær ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a noun as bad, small, or (used affectionately, per the source's own general remark about negative-leaning modifiers in this chapter) dear. Neither AITWG-Affixes nor Nielsen2012 nor Bjornum2012 supplies a worked example for this specific affix -- no examples are given here rather than inventing one." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "N_kkaluk_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_kkaluuq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a big N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkalooq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Same kk-initial reasoning as the immediately preceding entry N_kkaluk_N, and the same established sibling-entry pattern (N_kkaaq_N, N_kkut_N, N_kkuutaat_N): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative.", "No Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012 corroboration was found, for the same reasons documented on N_kkaluk_N above: Nielsen2012's own fully-enumerated '5.5.3.3' section has no 'kkalooq'/'kkaluuq' headword, and the only Bjornum2012 substring hit ('pakkaluaq', butterfly) is unrelated and deliberately not cited." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a big ___", "da": "en stor ___", "en_short": "a big ___", "da_short": "en stor ___", "composition": { "en": "big ___", "da": "stor ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "agreement_variants": { "da": { "common_singular": "stor", "neuter_singular": "stort", "plural": "store", "definite": "store", "possessive": "store" } } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a noun as big or large in extent. AITWG-Affixes' own citation form is -kkalooq (older-orthography double-o spelling of the long vowel, matching this repo's convention elsewhere of citing the source's own surface spelling, e.g. N_tuuq_big_N's +tooq vs bracket tuuq). No worked example is given in any of the three sources checked." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.17", "AITWG:§2.4", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15602" ], "id": "N_kkaluuq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_lijaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a made/fabricated N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-liaq", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION -- do not confuse with N_liaq_N: AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for THIS entry is N{-li'jaq}N ('a made/fabricated N', this chapter, printed p.18), genuinely distinct from the already-existing N_liaq_N (N{-liaq}N, no apostrophe, 'a traveller to N; one seeking/hunting N', kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, printed p.15). Both happen to share the identical citation spelling '-liaq', but the source's own bracket notation treats them as two different affixes -- confirmed independently by Nielsen2012, which catalogs them as two separate numbered headwords under the same '+liaq' string: '+liaq 1' ('en der rejser til N; en der er på jagt efter N', Nuuliaq/eqalliaq/ukalliaq -- the sense already modeled as N_liaq_N) and '÷liaq 2' ('en lavet/forarbejdet/kunstig N', this entry's own sense), the latter grouped under Nielsen2012's own '5.5.3.7 Fremskaffet N' ('acquired/produced N') section. This ID (N_lijaq_N, dropping the apostrophe from the bracket form) is used specifically to avoid conflating the two.", "Nielsen §5.5.3.7 explicitly labels this made/fabricated-N sense, ÷liaq 2, fusionerende and refers to §5.1.7. That section describes fusion with a KVK/Kiaq-shaped final syllable, doubling the first consonant except s and replacing the affix onset. Preserve its actual qorlortuliaq and eqqumiitsuliaq examples; a guessed spelling such as qorlorttiaq is not source evidence against the explicit label. The complete conditioning and source-analysis difference are unresolved here: leave left_sandhi unspecified instead of universally asserting truncative or promoting a general fusion map. The shared truncating template records citation/default attachment, not every exceptional host.", "AITWG-Affixes says this affix may display sound replacivity on tə-stems. Nielsen §5.1.7 explicitly describes ÷utə-derived bases fusing to ÷usi, and this very ÷liaq 2 entry gives tussiut (hymn) and Kjerip tussiusiaa (a hymn made by Kjer). Missing ÷liaq from the separate §5.1.6 list does not prove independent evidence absent. Preserve the supporting example and source statement without guessing every host classification or adding an unverified structured allomorph map.", "inflection_sandhi:injection is grounded in a direct, structural parallel to this repo's existing naaq stem entry (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml): AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form for this affix, N{-li'jaq}N, marks a /j/ that is present in the phonemic/bracket notation but absent from the ordinary citation form '-liaq' -- exactly matching naaq's own {na(j)aq} vs citation 'naaq' pattern -- and the source states this /j/ 'geminates...to /cc/' specifically 'with plural N{t}', i.e. under inflection, giving -lissat -- the same unwritten-consonant-resurfaces-and-geminates-under-inflection mechanic already modeled as inflection_sandhi:injection on naaq (nassat, from an unwritten (j)). Applying inflection_sandhi to a DERIVATIONAL AFFIX entry itself (rather than a bare stem) already has a real precedent in this repo: N_mineq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml) sets inflection_sandhi:metathesis directly on its own application_logic for the same reason.", "Per naaq's own established precedent, morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately NOT set here either: that struct's existing usage always names a consonant already visible in the citation form (e.g. m->mm), and there is no such visible 'from' consonant in the citation form '-liaq' to name.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for the plural -lissat / invisible-/j/-gemination fact specifically (only for the affix's core meaning and left-edge attachment, via the ÷liaq 2 examples below) -- this part rests on AITWG-Affixes alone.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Liaq#e9758 independently gives the made/fabricated-N sense and possessed tuukkiaa, ungaluliaa and imertaasiara examples. Its traveller/seeker .Liaq#e9775 is a separate row, just as Oqaatsit1997 separates made -liaq#e7103 from travel -liaq#e7104. This sense binding does not settle all fusion, hidden-j or plural-gemination conditions." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a made/fabricated ___", "da": "en fremstillet ___; en kunstig ___", "en_short": "a made ___; a fabricated ___", "da_short": "en fremstillet ___; en kunstig ___", "composition": { "en": "made ___; fabricated ___", "da": "fremstillet ___; kunstig ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Denotes something made, fabricated, or crafted -- distinct from the homographic-in-citation-spelling but etymologically separate N_liaq_N ('a traveller to N; one seeking/hunting N'), see the disambiguation note above. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example beyond its own abstract illustration of the plural form; the examples below are Nielsen2012's own independent '÷liaq 2' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "iffialiaq", "natural": "homemade rye bread (Nielsen2012's example, from iffiaq, 'rye bread')" }, { "surface": "eqqumiitsuliaq", "natural": "a work of art (Nielsen2012's example, from eqqumiitsoq, 'something strange/odd')" }, { "surface": "tupilliaq", "natural": "a carved/fabricated tupilak figure (Nielsen2012's example)" }, { "surface": "qorlortuliaq", "natural": "an artificial waterfall (Oqaatsit1997's direct example)" }, { "surface": "-lissat", "natural": "(AITWG-Affixes' own abstract illustration, not tied to a specific host word) the plural of a -liaq-derived noun, showing the invisible /j/ resurfacing and geminating to 'ss' before the plural ending -t" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.7", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.7", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.6", "Oqaatsit1997:-liaq#e7103", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqumiitsuliaq#e3068", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqumiitsuliaq#e2967", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Liaq#e9758" ], "id": "N_lijaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_luinnaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "complete(ly) N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(r)luinnaq", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+rluinnaq" }, "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is N{(q)luinnaq*}N -- a parenthetical (q) rather than the (r) shown in the italic citation form +(r)luinnaq. This bracket-q/citation-r correspondence parallels N_iqniaq_N's own already-documented case (bracket N{-iqniaq}N vs citation -erniaq): the underlying /q/ regularly weakens to [r] in this position, a general Kalaallisut sound rule independent of this specific affix.", "The trailing asterisk on N{(q)luinnaq*}N matches the same asterisk notation used elsewhere in this same chapter on N{-innaq*}N ('just/only an N'), for which the source explicitly states 'this affix is a pseudo-q stem'. AITWG-Affixes does not repeat that explanation for this entry specifically, so this is recorded as a plausible inference from the shared notation, not a directly quoted fact -- not modeled as a morphology_class value without that direct confirmation.", "Printed Nielsen2012 page 139 marks ÷rluinnaq and gives naamik -> naamerluinnaq, deleting final k. The former claim that no attested example deletes a host segment was wrong. AITWG-Affixes p.18 instead prints +(r)luinnaq beside bracket N{(q)luinnaq*}N, without specifying the full conditioned attachment rule here. The inherited additive default is provisional, not a verified universal rule. Defer changing the general boundary/allomorph fields until this source-notation conflict and host conditioning are resolved; vowel-final tassa -> tassarluinnaq alone cannot decide consonant-host behavior.", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375): only the vowel-final class is encoded, per Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2's own 'tassa, stop!; Tassarluinnaq, stop helt!' example -- 'tassa' is vowel-final and the affix surfaces with its full linking -r- (illorpaat/illorsuaq's own vowel-final pattern), a clean case. No consonant-final key is added: the same source's own further examples -- 'naamik, nej; naamerluinnaq' (a k-final host, verified directly against docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/5.5-nominaltilhaeng.md line 1013) and 'tamaat (tamaq*); tamarluinnaat' (a pseudo-q-stem-like host) -- both keep the linking -r- too, contradicting a simple vowel-triggered-epenthesis account and matching this entry's own pre-existing left_sandhi caution above; forcing a consonant-host key here would mean guessing which of several irregular hosts to generalize from, so none is added.", "Nielsen2012's own examples are not exclusively on nominal hosts (tassa 'stop!', kisi- 'only', tamaq 'all/whole' are closer to pronouns/particles than ordinary nouns) -- consistent with AITWG-Affixes' own broader chapter framing of these as N{modifier}N affixes but attested here on a wider host set than a typical common noun; recorded rather than smoothed over." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "complete(ly) ___", "da": "helt og fuldstændigt ___", "en_short": "complete ___", "da_short": "helt og fuldstændigt ___", "composition": { "en": "complete ___", "da": "helt og fuldstændigt ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Intensifies a noun (or noun-like base) to mean 'complete(ly) N' or 'entirely N'. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example; the examples below are Nielsen2012's own independent '+rluinnaq' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tassarluinnaq", "natural": "stop completely! (Nielsen2012's example, from tassa, 'stop!')" }, { "surface": "tamarluinnaat", "natural": "all of it, every single bit (Nielsen2012's example, from tamaat/tamaq, 'all, the whole')" }, { "surface": "naamerluinnaq", "natural": "that's out of the question, no, not at all (Nielsen2012's example; its exact synchronic derivation from naamik 'no' is not transparent from a single example, flagged rather than asserted)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2" ], "id": "N_luinnaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_ngaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "considerable/large N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "ŋ-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all affixes beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same class already modeled on this repo's N_kkaaq_N/N_kkut_N/N_kkuutaat_N (k-initial) and N_ngajak_N/N_ngusaq_N below (also ŋ-initial).", "AITWG-Affixes' own text records that this affix combines with a different modifier described later in the same chapter, N{(a)ttiaq}N ('a fair-sized N'), to give N{ŋaattiaq}N ('quite a big N') -- recorded here in prose only, not as a cross-reference to a specific YAML ID.", "No Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this affix (searched directly across both extract trees; no hits for 'ngaaq'/'ŋaaq'/'ngaattiaq'); this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes' own gloss plus AITWG:§2.4's general rule alone, the same evidentiary situation already accepted for this repo's existing N_kuuvik_N." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "considerable/large ___", "da": "en betydelig ___; en stor ___", "en_short": "considerable ___; large ___", "da_short": "en betydelig ___; en stor ___", "composition": { "en": "considerable ___; large ___", "da": "betydelig ___; stor ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a noun as considerable or large in degree. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for the bare affix (only for its combination with the later (a)ttiaq affix); no example is given here rather than inventing one." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "N_ngaaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_ngajak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "almost a(n) N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngajak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "ŋ-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 grounds truncating attachment. Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ngajak (lines 1376–1387) confirms nutaaq → nutaangajak. Its qulingajaat row cites plural qulit, but does not prove direct deletion of plural -t: K9’s general nominal attachment account uses singular hosts. Retain almost ten as a literal witness, with the numeral chain unresolved.", "AITWG §16.5 explicitly gives tamangajaasa in ullut tamangajaasa, almost every day. The affix precedes the quantitative ending, and the special quantitative paradigm remains in force after derivation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "almost a(n) ___", "da": "næsten en ___", "en_short": "almost a(n) ___", "da_short": "næsten en ___", "composition": { "en": "almost ___", "da": "næsten ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a noun as nearly, but not quite, the thing named -- 'almost an N'. Independently corroborated by Bjornum2012's own dedicated '-ngajak' affix-list entry (glossed identically, 'næsten'), which also supplies a separate worked discussion (Kap. 9, §4, point 5, 'Affiksernes logiske placering') of exactly which word in a sentence this affix scopes over, using the same affix on a numeral base.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tamangajaasa", "natural": "almost all of them; in ullut tamangajaasa, almost every day" }, { "surface": "nutaangajak", "natural": "almost new (Bjornum2012's example, from nutaaq, 'new'; host's final /q/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "qulingajaat", "natural": "almost ten (Bjornum2012’s literal plural witness, citing qulit, ten, plural; direct deletion of plural -t is not established)" }, { "surface": "ataasingajak", "natural": "almost one (Bjornum2012's own scoping-discussion example, from ataaseq 'one', illustrating that -ngajak attaches to the numeral rather than to a preceding verb in a sentence like 'I slept almost an hour')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tamangajaasa#e15272", "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ngajak", "Bjornum2012:K9§4" ], "id": "N_ngajak_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_ngusaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "dear little N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngusaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "ŋ-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, directly confirmed by Nielsen2012's own qimmeq ('dog', q-final) -> qimmingusaq example, showing the host's final /q/ deleting before this affix attaches.", "No Bjornum2012 match was found: a search of the transcribed extracts for 'ngusaq'/'÷ngusaq' returned no results." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dear little ___", "da": "kære lille ___", "en_short": "dear little ___", "da_short": "kære lille ___", "composition": { "en": "dear little ___", "da": "kær lille ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a noun as dear or endearingly small -- an affectionate diminutive. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷ngusaq' entry, grouped in its '5.5.3.3 God, pæn, sød, slem eller stakkels N' ('good, nice, sweet, bad, or poor N') section immediately adjacent to its ÷nnaaq entry (see N_nnaq_N below), and glossed almost identically ('den kære N', 'the dear N').", "examples": [ { "surface": "Leningusaq", "natural": "dear little Lene (Nielsen2012's example, from the name Lene)" }, { "surface": "qimmingusaq", "natural": "the dear little dog (Nielsen2012's example, from qimmeq, 'dog'; host's final /q/ deletes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "id": "N_ngusaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_nnaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "main/favourite N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own headword line groups two related bracket/citation forms under one shared gloss -- N{nnaq}N, N{nnaaq}N, -nnaq, -nnaaq (main/favourite N) -- the same single-shared-gloss-line pattern already used for this repo's combined N_giit_N entry; following that precedent, this is authored as one combined entry rather than two, with the ID taken from the first-listed bracket form (nnaq).", "Nielsen2012 independently attests only the long-vowel variant, '÷nnaaq' ('yndlings-N', favourite-N) -- not the plain '-nnaq' form AITWG-Affixes also lists -- so -nnaaq is recorded here as the independently-confirmed variant, while -nnaq (used as this entry's underlying_form, per this repo's convention of citing the source's own first-listed plain citation form) remains attested only by AITWG-Affixes itself.", "left_sandhi:truncative is set from a direct worked example rather than from any general n-initial rule (n- is not covered by AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/-initial list): Nielsen2012's own illoq ('cousin', q-final) -> illunnaaq example shows the host's final /q/ deleting before this affix attaches, the same evidentiary standard already used for this repo's N_qut_N and N_ssiaq_N. A second Nielsen2012 example, ikinngut ('friend', t-final) -> ikinngutinnaaq ('best friend'), does not obviously fit the same simple truncation account (the host's /t/ appears to survive, with an extra vowel before the affix) -- recorded as an open, unresolved data point rather than forced into the same rule.", "No Bjornum2012 match was found: searches for 'nnaaq' and 'yndlings' (the Danish gloss) in the transcribed Bjornum2012 extracts returned no genuine hits.", "For the long -nnaaq variant specifically, Petersen1951:-nnaaq#e13060 and Petersen1967:-nnaaq#e13061 print aap: aappannaap and aat: ilannaat. Kleinschmidt1871:.-nnaaq#e9874 separately describes possessed -nnaa and gives asasannaa and ikinngutinnaara. These source-scoped witnesses do not transfer the long variant's principal forms or vowel behavior to short -nnaq, nor establish a universal possession requirement or complete paradigm for this combined owner." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "main/favourite ___", "da": "hoved-/yndlings-___", "en_short": "main ___; favourite ___", "da_short": "hoved-/yndlings-___", "composition": { "en": "main ___; favourite ___", "da": "hoved-___; yndlings-___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a noun as the main or favourite one of its kind. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷nnaaq' entry, immediately adjacent to its ÷ngusaq entry (see N_ngusaq_N above) in the same '5.5.3.3' section.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illunnaaq", "natural": "favourite cousin (Nielsen2012's example, from illoq, 'cousin'; host's final /q/ deletes, a clean truncative match)" }, { "surface": "ikinngutinnaaq", "natural": "best friend (Nielsen2012's example, from ikinngut, 'friend'; the attachment pattern here is less transparent than illunnaaq's above -- see notes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "Oqaatsit1997:ikinngutinnaaq#e3674", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikinngutinnaaq#e3535", "Petersen1951:-nnaaq#e13060", "Petersen1967:-nnaaq#e13061", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-nnaaq#e9874" ], "id": "N_nnaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_nnguaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a cute/sweet/dear little N; a small N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnguaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "notes": [ "ŋ-initial affix (bracket form N{ŋŋuaq}N, respelled -nnguaq/-nnguup/-nnguit in AITWG-Affixes' own citation line): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all affixes beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative, no exception clause) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same citation pattern already used for this repo's other geminate-consonant-initial affixes (N_kkaaq_N, N_kkut_N, N_kkuutaat_N). Bjornum2012's and Nielsen2012's shared paradigm example (paninnguaq, from panik 'daughter', a k-final host) shows the host's own final /k/ not surviving unchanged before this affix, consistent with truncative attachment.", "AITWG-Affixes' own claim that this affix's {aq} 'will also disappear before N{-u}V ... so ⟹* -ngguuvoq' is an exact structural parallel to this repo's already-established V_galuaq_N entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml), whose application_logic.right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision models precisely this 'aq disappears before a vowel-initial ending/affix' pattern (galuaq -> galuup ERG.SG, galuit ERG.PL, mirroring this entry's own -nnguup, -nnguit); right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision is applied here on that direct structural analogy. V_galuaq_N's own notes independently record that MOFO names N{ŋŋuaq}N itself (this entry) as one of only two other stems in the whole language sharing this exact declension pattern (alongside N{(q)cuaq}N) -- recorded because it directly corroborates treating the two entries as structurally parallel. A second, fully independent confirmation of that same cross-affix link comes from Bjornum2012's own affix list, which glosses the related affix -raluaq/+kaluaq ('a former one', cognate with galuaq) as 'bøjes som -nnguaq' (declines like -nnguaq).", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.4 independently and explicitly states the same split AITWG-Affixes describes: this affix 'bøjes stærkt i de kongruerende kasus, men svagt i de oblikke kasus' (declines strongly in the grammatical cases [absolutive/ergative/plural], but weakly in the oblique cases), with {aq} dropping before any vowel-initial ending or affix -- worked with the identical headword paninnguaq (from panik, 'daughter') that Bjornum2012's own declension table (Bøjningseksempel 87) independently reproduces in full: ABS.SG -nnguaq, ERG/REL.SG -nnguup, ABS/REL.PL -nnguit, and oblique forms (-nnguamik, -nnguamut, -nnguami, -nnguamit, -nnguakkut, -nnguatut) all showing the same clean {aq}-loss with no gemination or metathesis. morphology_class.strength is set to weak here -- matching MOFO's own 'Weak' classification for the parallel V_galuaq_N entry, and matching Bjornum2012's own header for this very paradigm ('affiks, svag stamme med -aq', i.e. an affix behaving as a weak stem with -aq) -- rather than the 'strong' value this repo's ateq stem entry uses, even though the ERG.SG/PL shape superficially resembles a strong/up-declined stem: Nielsen2012's own prose makes clear the grammatical-case pattern is produced by the SAME vowel-initial-{aq}-elision mechanism as the oblique cases, not by a separate strong-stem retention/gemination process.", "inflection_sandhi is deliberately left unset: MOFO's own cross-reference (recorded in V_galuaq_N's notes) labels this declension pattern 'Irregular', and this repo's inflection_sandhi:irregular enum value already carries exactly that meaning from V_galuaq_N. However, the primary-source paradigm data found independently here (Bjornum2012's Bøjningseksempel 87) shows uniform {aq}-loss across BOTH the vowel-initial grammatical endings AND the consonant-initial oblique endings (-nnguamik, not e.g. -nnguarmik or -nnguammik) -- no clean surface split is actually visible in the table, so asserting inflection_sandhi:irregular here would overclaim what the data shows. Left undescribed as a schema field pending a clearer source on the underlying mechanism, rather than force-fit.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.nnguaq#e9923 independently prints m.s. .nngua, gen. .nnguup and pl. .nnguit, comparing them with .nnguk. These literal principal forms corroborate the cited nominal forms and remain separate from the row's verbal .nnguarpoq uses. This row alone does not establish behavior before every vowel-initial ending or affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a cute little ___; a sweet little ___; a dear little ___", "en_short": "a cute little ___; a sweet little ___; a dear little ___", "da": "en sød lille ___; en kær lille ___; en lille ___", "da_short": "en sød lille ___; en kær lille ___", "composition": { "en": "cute little ___; sweet little ___; dear little ___", "da": "sød lille ___; kær lille ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "agreement_variants": { "da": { "common_singular": "sød lille; kær lille; lille", "neuter_singular": "sødt lille; kært lille; lille", "plural": "søde små; kære små; små", "definite": "søde lille; kære lille; lille" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms a noun/modifier meaning a small, cute, or dear version of the host noun -- per Nielsen2012, one of the most frequently used affixes in the language. On areal/relational nouns like {qulə}N ('the area above X') or {atə}N ('the area below X'), AITWG-Affixes notes the meaning narrows to 'right/just', e.g. with the possessive locative ending -ani ('in his N') giving qulinnguani ('right above him'); sissap qulinnguani(ippoq), '(it is located) right above the beach' -- these two examples are AITWG-Affixes' own; no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific narrowed areal-noun sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illunnguaq", "natural": "a small, cozy house (Nielsen2012's own headword example for this affix, §5.5.3.1, from illu 'house'; also see this repo's own worked_examples/nominal.yaml -- note this is diminutive/endearment, NOT augmentative, despite the surface resemblance to a 'big/impressive' reading)" }, { "surface": "-nnguup", "natural": "ergative/relative singular (AITWG-Affixes' own citation form; independently reproduced in both Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's own paradigms as paninnguup, from panik 'daughter')" }, { "surface": "-nnguit", "natural": "absolutive/relative plural (AITWG-Affixes' own citation form; independently reproduced as paninnguit in both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "mikisunnguuvoq", "natural": "it is very small/tiny (Bjornum2012's own independent example of this affix's {aq}-drop before N_u_Vb 'to be', from mikisoq 'small')" }, { "surface": "qulinnguani", "natural": "right above him (AITWG-Affixes' own example, on the areal noun {qulə}N 'the area above X', with the possessive locative ending -ani)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. -nnguaq, Bøjningseksempel 87", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -nnguaq", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -raluaq/+kaluaq", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15282", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15245", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15026", "Kleinschmidt1871:.nnguaq#e9923" ], "id": "N_nnguaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_pajuk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a bad/poor N (also, in an almost opposite sense, used in an affectionate exclamation)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_pajuk_N:1b9d926f86c9", "items": [ { "text": "a bad/poor N (also, in an almost opposite sense, used in an affectionate exclamation)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-pajuk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "p-initial affix, marked with AITWG-Affixes' own truncative hyphen (-pajuk): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all affixes beginning in /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here. Nielsen2012 independently attests the identical truncative marking (its own ÷ symbol) with its own '÷pajuk' entry, glossed 'sølle, slem N' (poor/wretched, bad N)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a bad ___; a poor ___ (also, an affectionate exclamation)", "da": "en dårlig ___; en stakkels ___ (også et kærligt udråb)", "en_short": "a bad ___; a poor ___", "da_short": "en dårlig ___; en stakkels ___", "composition": { "en": "bad ___; poor ___", "da": "dårlig ___; stakkels ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as bad, poor, or wretched. AITWG-Affixes also notes this affix can be used 'in an almost diametrically opposite sense' as an exclamation along the lines of 'lucky you!', its own example being illipajuk! (from illit, 'you'). Nielsen2012 independently corroborates the same broader phenomenon -- this affix forming an interjection when attached to a pronoun/demonstrative -- with a different base and a different exclamatory gloss: taannapajuk! (from taanna, 'that one'), glossed roughly 'well, I never!'/'you don't say!'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illupajuk", "natural": "a poor/wretched house (Nielsen2012's example, from illu 'house')" }, { "surface": "angutipajuk", "natural": "the poor/wretched person (Nielsen2012's example, from angut 'man')" }, { "surface": "taannapajuk", "natural": "well, I never!; you don't say! (Nielsen2012's own exclamatory example, from taanna 'that one' -- corroborates AITWG-Affixes' own illipajuk exclamation fact via a different base word and gloss)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "id": "N_pajuk_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_palaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a bad/miserable N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-palaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "p-initial affix, marked with AITWG-Affixes' own truncative hyphen (-palaaq): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here. Nielsen2012 independently attests the identical truncative marking and gloss with its own '÷palaaq' entry (slem, dårlig N -- bad, miserable N).", "Homograph, explicitly NOT cited as corroboration: this repo already has a V_palaaq_Vb entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, MOFO:vv/(q)valaaq) sharing the identical citation spelling -palaaq, but it is a completely different V-to-V affix (the sound of Vb'ing can be heard; avalent/impersonal) with a different bracket form ({(q)valaaq}, not {palaaq}) and no semantic relation to this N-to-N bad/miserable-N affix -- a spelling coincidence, not the same morpheme.", "Per AITWG-Affixes, this affix combines with the augmentative affix N{(q)cuaq}N (this repo's own N_cuaq_N) to give N{-palaaqcuaq}N (bad/damned N). Nielsen2012 independently attests a semantically near-identical combined form, ÷palaarsuaq (slem, fordømt N -- bad, damned N) -- likely the same augmentative combination via a different citation spelling of the augmentative itself (-rsuaq vs. AITWG-Affixes' -cuaq); recorded here as corroborating the MEANING of the combination, not as attestation of the exact surface string -palaaqcuaq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a bad/miserable ___", "da": "en dårlig ___; en ynkelig ___", "en_short": "a bad ___; a miserable ___", "da_short": "en dårlig ___; en ynkelig ___", "composition": { "en": "bad ___; miserable ___", "da": "dårlig ___; ynkelig ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as bad or miserable/wretched.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tupapalaaq", "natural": "bad tobacco (Nielsen2012's example, from tupa 'tobacco')" }, { "surface": "arnapalaaq", "natural": "a bad woman; a whore (Nielsen2012's example, from arnaq 'woman')" }, { "surface": "nappaatipalaaq", "natural": "a bad/serious sickness; a venereal disease (Nielsen2012's example, from nappaat 'sickness')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "id": "N_palaaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_pak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "many/a crowd/flock of N (inherently plural; bracket form N{(q)pak}N, always realized with the plural ending N{-it})", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_pak_N:bf000bd2f598", "items": [ { "text": "many/a crowd/flock of N (inherently plural; bracket form N{(q)pak}N, always realized with the plural ending N{-it})", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4", "Ordbogen2003:hane 2#e11682" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(r)paat", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+rpaat", "alveolar_schwa_stem": "+rpaat", "velar_retaining_stem": "+paat", "uvular_deleting_stem": "+rpaat" }, "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own citation marks this affix with '+', not '-' -- per Definition 2.5 (AITWG:§2.4), '+' denotes plain sandhi-additive joining, the opposite of the sandhi-truncative '-' mark used on other entries in this chapter, despite this affix's bracket form beginning in a parenthetical /(q)/ and its surface citation beginning in /p/, both individually members of Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/ truncative-initial list. Nielsen2012 independently uses the identical '+(r)paat' notation for its own matching entry (en flok/mængde af N), confirming this is not an AITWG-Affixes-specific quirk. Per the precedent already established in this repo for the structurally identical '(q)'/'(r)' notation on the verbal affix V_palaaq_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml), the simpler, directly-attested additive form is modeled as underlying_form (via _template:denominal_noun, boundary_behavior:additive) and the '(r)' conditioning is described in prose rather than asserted as a left_sandhi value.", "The '(r)' is not obviously a simple Definition-2.5 sandhi-epenthetic marker (insert /r/ only after a vowel-final host): Nielsen2012's own three examples show three different outcomes by host-final-segment -- illu (vowel-final) + this affix -> illorpaat (an /r/ appears, consistent with vowel-triggered epenthesis); inuk (k-final) + this affix -> inuppaat (no /r/; the host's own final /k/ instead assimilates into the affix's initial consonant, geminating it to -pp-); angut (t-final) + this affix -> anguterpaat (an /r/ DOES appear, plus an extra linking vowel not seen after illu). Real, attested complication, described here rather than modeled as a schema value; matches AITWG-Affixes' own worked example anguterpassuit (angut + this affix + the augmentative N{(q)cuaq}N, this repo's own N_cuaq_N) directly, which shows the same t-final-host-plus-r-plus-linking-vowel pattern.", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375): encodes exactly the three classes Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4's own examples attest (illu -> illorpaat, angut -> anguterpaat, inuk -> inuppaat), all already published stem_type values in this repo (illu:vowel_final_stem, angut:alveolar_schwa_stem, inuk:velar_retaining_stem). The alveolar_schwa_stem value is deliberately '+rpaat', not '+erpaat' -- the linking vowel seen in anguterpaat is the host's OWN silent schwa surfacing before a consonant-initial ending (AITWG:§3.4's ə-rule, already modeled independently for this stem class), not part of this affix's own contribution. The velar_retaining_stem value is the bare, unassimilated Definition-2.5 default; the k+p->pp gemination visible in inuppaat is a further host-boundary process this repo's own consuming engine does not yet implement (jandahl/oq#375's own follow-up), not something this field can encode by itself, since allomorphs only supplies the INCOMING morpheme's own text. uvular_deleting_stem is keyed '+rpaat' -- the same epenthetic-looking /r/ text as vowel_final_stem, since (as with this repo's own N_cuaq_N/qimmersuaq resolution of the identical question) a q-final host of this class deletes its own final /q/ before this affix, independently of anything the affix itself contributes: arnaq (q-final, this repo's own uvular_deleting_stem class, same as qimmeq) -> arnarpaat ('a crowd of women') is attested in Ordbogen2003, s.v. hane 2#e11682 (a Danish-headword idiom: 'er ene ~ i kurven, ɔ: ene mand blandt kvinder' = 'arnarpaat angutitatuaraat', 'a lone little man among a crowd of women') -- the specific gap this note previously left open, closed once Ordbogen2003 was promoted to a citable source (issue #496) specifically because this was otherwise the ONLY attestation found for a q-final host of this affix, after checking Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/Oqaatsit1997/Kleinschmidt1871/katersat and finding nothing. No velar-weakening-stem key is added: AITWG-Affixes' own iluliarpassuit is attested only in combination with the augmentative N_cuaq_N (this entry's own singular +(r)passuaq), not on this bare plural affix directly, so no bare uvular_weakening_stem-host form for THIS entry is independently attested; that stem_type stays an honest, unresolved gap, matching this entry's own pre-existing left_sandhi caution above.", "AITWG-Affixes' own claim that the SINGULAR form of this affix must still be used when a further affix attaches is independently confirmed by Nielsen2012, which explicitly records the augmented plural's own singular as +(r)passuaq. AITWG-Affixes' own worked example of this, anguterpassuaqarpoq (angut + this affix, singular + the augmentative N{(q)cuaq}N + this repo's own N_qaq_Vb 'there is N', kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml), is consistent with N_qaq_Vb's own already-established left_sandhi:truncative behavior." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "many ___; a crowd of ___; a flock of ___", "da": "mange ___; en flok ___", "en_short": "many ___; a crowd of ___; a flock of ___", "da_short": "mange ___; en flok ___", "composition": { "en": "many ___; a crowd of ___; a flock of ___", "da": "mange ___; en flok ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Forms an inherently plural noun meaning a crowd, flock, or large number of the host noun; per AITWG-Affixes, often combined with the augmentative affix N{(q)cuaq}N (this repo's own N_cuaq_N) to intensify to 'a great crowd of N', and can even be iterated/repeated in narrative speech for further emphasis (AITWG-Affixes' own example: anguterparparpassuaqarpoq, 'there was a great, great, great crowd of men'). Nielsen2012 independently corroborates both citation forms and glosses (en flok/mængde af N for the plain form, en masse/stor flok N for the augmented form).", "examples": [ { "surface": "inuppaat", "natural": "a crowd of people (Nielsen2012's example, from inuk 'person')" }, { "surface": "anguterpaat", "natural": "a flock of men (Nielsen2012's example, from angut 'man')" }, { "surface": "illorpaat", "natural": "a collection of houses; a village (Nielsen2012's example, from illu 'house')" }, { "surface": "arnarpaat", "natural": "a crowd of women (Ordbogen2003's example, from arnaq 'woman', inside the idiom arnarpaat angutitatuaraat, 'a lone little man among a crowd of women')" }, { "surface": "inuppassuit", "natural": "a great many people (Nielsen2012's example of the augmented form, from inuk 'person')" }, { "surface": "anguterpassuit", "natural": "a great crowd of men (AITWG-Affixes' own example, angut + this affix + the augmentative N_cuaq_N)" }, { "surface": "anguterpassuaqarpoq", "natural": "there is a great crowd of men (AITWG-Affixes' own example, adding this repo's own N_qaq_Vb 'there is N' to the singular augmented form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4", "Ordbogen2003:hane 2#e11682", "Oqaatsit1997:-:passuit#e12065" ], "id": "N_pak_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_piaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "the real/exact/very N; right/just N (e.g. on time-referring nouns, 'right at N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_piaq_N:78df2ff604c1", "items": [ { "text": "the real/exact/very N; right/just N (e.g. on time-referring nouns, 'right at N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(r)piaq", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+rpiaq" }, "notes": [ "Same '+'-marked (Definition 2.5, sandhi additive) citation as N_pak_N above, despite its bracket form beginning in a parenthetical /(q)/: AITWG-Affixes' own citation is '+(r)piaq', and Nielsen2012 independently uses the identical '+(r)piaq' notation for its own matching entry (lige netop N -- just/exactly N), confirming, as with N_pak_N, that this is a real, independently-attested pattern. Per the same reasoning and precedent (V_palaaq_Vb) as N_pak_N, the plain '+' form is modeled as underlying_form (via _template:denominal_noun) and the '(r)' conditioning is described here rather than asserted as a left_sandhi value.", "Nielsen2012's own four examples again show host-dependent variation rather than one clean rule: taanna (vowel-final) + this affix -> taannarpiaq (/r/ appears, consistent with vowel-triggered epenthesis); nammineq (q-final) + this affix -> namminerpiaq, and Narsaq (q-final place name) + this affix -> Narsarpiaq (both show the host's own final /q/ weakening to /r/ rather than a genuinely epenthetic /r/, the same general q-to-r weakening already documented elsewhere in this repo, e.g. N_iqniaq_N's and N_sunni_N's notes, on the HOST's side of the boundary, not a property of this affix); aatsaat (t-final) + this affix -> aatsaarpiaq (/r/ appears directly, without the extra linking vowel seen in N_pak_N's anguterpaat). Given this real variation, no left_sandhi value is asserted here either.", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375): only the vowel-final class is encoded (taanna -> taannarpiaq, Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2), the one host this entry's own note above already ties to ordinary vowel-triggered epenthesis. Deliberately NOT modeled as N_pak_N's alveolar_schwa_stem: this entry's own note explicitly records that its t-final host (aatsaat -> aatsaarpiaq) surfaces WITHOUT the extra linking vowel N_pak_N's angut/anguterpaat shows -- reusing N_pak_N's alveolar_schwa_stem value here would be actively wrong (the schwa-surfacing engine mechanism that value would trigger always inserts that linking vowel), not just unattested, so this stem_type is left unkeyed rather than borrowed. The q-final hosts (nammineq/Narsaq) reduce to the host's own general q-weakening, already unaffected by any value this affix supplies; no key is added for them either since no q-final stem_type is independently established for either host in this repo." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the real ___; the exact ___; the very ___; right ___; just ___", "en_short": "the real ___; the exact ___; the very ___", "da": "den rigtige ___; den præcise ___; den samme ___; netop ___ (f.eks. om tidsangivelser: 'præcis klokken ___')", "da_short": "den rigtige ___; den præcise ___; den samme ___", "composition": { "en": "real ___; exact ___; very ___; right ___; just ___", "da": "rigtig ___; præcis ___; samme ___; netop ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as the real, exact, or precise instance of what it names -- 'just/exactly N', 'the actual N'. AITWG-Affixes' own example extends this to a lexicalised time adverb, massakkut ('now') -> massakkorpiaq ('right now, instantly'); Nielsen2012 independently corroborates the same construction type (though not the identical word) with aatsaat ('only just now') -> aatsaarpiaq ('right now, just now').", "examples": [ { "surface": "taannarpiaq", "natural": "that very one, exactly that one (Nielsen2012's example, from taanna 'that one')" }, { "surface": "namminerpiaq", "natural": "in person, oneself exactly (Nielsen2012's example, from nammineq 'self')" }, { "surface": "Narsarpiaq", "natural": "the actual/real (town of) Narsaq, as opposed to a place merely named after it (Nielsen2012's example)" }, { "surface": "aatsaarpiaq", "natural": "right now, just now (Nielsen2012's example, from aatsaat 'only just now')" }, { "surface": "massakkorpiaq", "natural": "right now, instantly (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from the lexicalised time adverb massakkut 'now')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2" ], "id": "N_piaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_piluk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a bad/evil/wicked N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-piluk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "p-initial affix, marked with AITWG-Affixes' own truncative hyphen (-piluk): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here. Nielsen2012 independently attests the identical truncative marking and a closely matching gloss with its own '÷piluk' entry (slem, ond, slet N -- bad, evil, wicked N)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a bad/evil/wicked ___", "da": "en ond ___; en slem ___", "en_short": "a bad ___; an evil ___; a wicked ___", "da_short": "en ond ___; en slem ___", "composition": { "en": "bad ___; evil ___; wicked ___", "da": "ond ___; slem ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as bad, evil, or wicked -- a stronger/more negative sense than N_pajuk_N or N_palaaq_N above.", "examples": [ { "surface": "silapiluk", "natural": "miserable/foul weather (Nielsen2012's example, from sila 'weather')" }, { "surface": "oqaasipiluk", "natural": "a swear word (Nielsen2012's example, from oqaaseq 'word')" }, { "surface": "inupiluk", "natural": "a criminal (Nielsen2012's example, from inuk 'human being')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "id": "N_piluk_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_rajuk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a damned N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rajuk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "r-initial affix, marked with AITWG-Affixes' own truncative hyphen (-rajuk): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all affixes beginning in /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here.", "Per AITWG-Affixes, also combines with the augmentative affix N{(q)cuaq}N (this repo's own N_cuaq_N) to give N{-rajukcuaq}N, with the same 'damned N' meaning.", "No independent corroboration was found for this specific affix in either Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012 (searched by the bare string 'rajuk' across both extract sets, no hits): boundary_behavior/left_sandhi here rest only on AITWG's own general Definition 2.7 rule, not on a source-confirmed worked example of this particular affix, and AITWG-Affixes itself gives no worked example either." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a damned ___", "da": "en forbandet ___", "en_short": "a damned ___", "da_short": "en forbandet ___", "composition": { "en": "damned ___", "da": "forbandet ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as damned or cursed -- an intensified negative sense. No worked example is given in any consulted source; none is fabricated here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "N_rajuk_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_ralak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a bad/poor N (also used affectionately, as 'dear')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_ralak_N:ea32633d3cf7", "items": [ { "text": "a bad/poor N (also used affectionately, as 'dear')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ralak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "r-initial affix, marked with AITWG-Affixes' own truncative hyphen (-ralak): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here. Nielsen2012 independently attests the identical truncative marking with its own '÷ralak' entry, glossed more broadly (fræk, ussel, kær, slem N -- cheeky, wretched, dear, bad N) -- covering the same affectionate/negative double-use AITWG-Affixes describes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a bad ___; a poor ___ (also 'dear')", "da": "en dårlig ___; en stakkels ___", "en_short": "a bad ___; a poor ___", "da_short": "en dårlig ___; en stakkels ___", "composition": { "en": "bad ___; poor ___; dear ___", "da": "dårlig ___; stakkels ___; kær ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as bad or poor, but -- per both sources -- can equally be used affectionately, as 'dear'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Leneralak", "natural": "cheeky, dear Lene (Nielsen2012's example, from the name Lene)" }, { "surface": "qimmeralak", "natural": "a bad, nasty dog (Nielsen2012's example, from qimmeq 'dog')" }, { "surface": "illoralaa", "natural": "his shabby/wretched house (Nielsen2012's example, from illu 'house', shown with the 3sg possessive ending)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "id": "N_ralak_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_rujuk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a bad/foul N; in combination with the (q)cuaq affix, loses its negative sense and instead means an enormously big N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_rujuk_N:ab0fb364e846", "items": [ { "text": "a bad/foul N; in combination with the (q)cuaq affix, loses its negative sense and instead means an enormously big N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rujuk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Single r-initial affix (no consonant cluster): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule ('all affixes and endings beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative') covers this directly and cleanly, since /r/ is literally on that list -- grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here.", "The source also cites a second citation form, -rujussuaq, alongside plain -rujuk under this same headword -- not a separate allomorph of this affix alone, but the already-fused combination with N{(q)cuaq}N (this repo's own N_cuaq_N): N{-rujukcuaq}N ⟹ -rujussuaq. AITWG-Affixes' own text stresses that in this specific combination NEITHER affix keeps its ordinarily-negative connotation -- qimmersuaq alone (N_cuaq_N only) is 'a bad/foul/huge dog', but qimmerujussuaq (this affix + N_cuaq_N combined) is just 'an enormous dog', unlike either affix used separately. Not modeled as a second underlying_form entry; recorded here as a documented compound form.", "In narrative speech, per the source, this affix can be repeated several times in a row for added emphasis (qimmerujorujorujussuaq, 'a great, big, huge dog'). Nielsen2012 independently corroborates this exact repetition mechanic for its own directly corresponding '÷rujussuaq' entry, using a different stem: illorujussuaq ('a very big house') vs. the repeated illorujorujussuaq ('an enormously big house') -- the same doubling-for-emphasis pattern, cross-confirmed on a different headword.", "Nielsen2012's §1.1 (typology chapter) separately notes that {÷nnguaq}, {+(r)suaq} and {÷rujussuaq} are also productively used on adverbs/interjections, not just nouns (e.g. qujanaq 'thanks' -> qujanarujussuaq 'a thousand thanks') -- consistent with, though not itself modeled by, this N-to-N entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a bad ___; a foul ___", "en_short": "a bad ___; a foul ___", "da": "en dårlig ___; en modbydelig ___; i kombination med (q)cuaq: en enormt stor ___", "da_short": "en dårlig ___; en modbydelig ___", "composition": { "en": "bad ___; foul ___", "da": "dårlig ___; modbydelig ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as bad, foul, or dreadful -- but when stacked directly before N_cuaq_N ('big/bad N'), the combination loses its negative flavor entirely and instead means simply 'enormous, huge'. Corroborated independently by Nielsen2012's own '÷rujussuaq' entry (identical gloss and repetition-for-emphasis mechanic, via a different worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "qimmersuaq", "natural": "a bad/foul/huge dog (AITWG-Affixes' own example, illustrating N_cuaq_N used ALONE, i.e. without this affix -- given here for contrast with the next two rows)" }, { "surface": "qimmerujussuaq", "natural": "just an enormous dog, no negative connotation (AITWG-Affixes' own example: this affix + N_cuaq_N combined, from qimmeq 'dog')" }, { "surface": "qimmerujorujorujussuaq", "natural": "a great, big, huge dog (AITWG-Affixes' own example, illustrating this affix repeated for emphasis before the combined form)" }, { "surface": "illorujussuaq", "natural": "a very big house (Nielsen2012's independent example, from illu 'house')" }, { "surface": "illorujorujussuaq", "natural": "an enormously big house (Nielsen2012's independent example of the same repetition-for-emphasis mechanic, from illu 'house')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "Oqaatsit1997:-rujussuaq#e13938" ], "id": "N_rujuk_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_siaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a bought or found N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+siaq", "notes": [ "Single s-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket sandhi-truncative list is /kŋpqr/ only -- /s/ is not on it, and this is a single consonant, not a cluster, so AITWG:§2.3's phonotactic-truncativity rule (Definition 2.4, double-consonant onsets) does not apply either. Nothing in either definition forces truncation here, matching the citation form's own '+' prefix (Definition 2.5's own additive-sandhi marker); boundary_behavior is left at this template's plain additive default, no left_sandhi value asserted.", "DISAMBIGUATION vs. this repo's own N_ssiaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml, AITWG-Affixes' own N{cciaq}N / -ssiaq, 'something intended for N; something to be used as N'): these are DISTINCT affixes, not a duplicate. Different bracket form (this entry's bracket is N{siaq}N, single medial /s/; N_ssiaq_N's is N{cciaq}N, geminate /cc/ surfacing as double /ss/), different citation form (+siaq vs. -ssiaq), different gloss (bought/found N vs. intended-for/to-be-used-as N), and this entry cites AITWG-Affixes:p.19 vs. N_ssiaq_N's own earlier page. N_ssiaq_N's own note already flagged the risk of conflating the two and declined to cite Bjornum2012's 'inussiaq'/'pisiaq' examples for exactly this reason.", "Bjornum2012 is deliberately NOT cited as corroboration here, for the same reason N_ssiaq_N's own note gives: Bjornum2012 (Kap.9 §6, s.v. +sivoq/+siaq) analyzes the surface string '+siaq' as the passive participle of a DIFFERENT, deverbal affix, +sivoq n-v ('gets/buys/finds/meets/spots N') -- i.e. compositionally as {N}{sivoq}V{-aq}N (a noun-to-verb affix plus the ordinary deverbal passive-participle ending), with worked examples inussiaq ('met people', from inuk) and pisiaq ('something bought', from the placeholder root pi-). Nielsen2012, by contrast, independently catalogs '+siaq' directly as its OWN single N-to-N headword (§5.5.3.7, 'Fremskaffet N' = 'procured N'), glossed almost word-for-word identically to AITWG-Affixes' own gloss ('købt, fundet N' = 'bought, found N') -- and also lists 'pisiaq' as one of ITS OWN examples, under the opposite (N-to-N) analysis. Given this genuine cross-source disagreement over how to analyze 'pisiaq', this entry follows AITWG-Affixes' and Nielsen2012's N-to-N framing and does not cite Bjornum2012, to avoid presenting a two-step deverbal derivation as evidence for a single N-to-N affix.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.siaq#e9991 explicitly distinguishes acquired from encountered N and says context normally chooses the intended reading. Oqaatsit1997:-:siaq#e15879 lists bought/acquired examples, while e15880 lists encountered/observed examples. These corroborate the two readings without approving unrelated historical -siaq homographs or choosing between single-affix and compositional analyses." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a bought or found ___", "da": "en købt eller fundet ___", "en_short": "a bought or found ___", "da_short": "en købt eller fundet ___", "composition": { "en": "bought or found ___", "da": "købt eller fundet ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as something the possessor has acquired -- by purchase, by discovery, or (extended to people) by adoption/fostering. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example of its own; all examples below are Nielsen2012's, from its independently-sourced, identically-glossed N-to-N '+siaq' entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "igasiaq", "natural": "a pot one has bought/found (Nielsen2012's example, from iga 'pot')" }, { "surface": "ernersiaq", "natural": "a foster/adopted son (Nielsen2012's example, from erneq 'son' -- extends the 'found N' sense to people)" }, { "surface": "tunissutisiaq", "natural": "a gift one has received (Nielsen2012's example, from tunissut 'gift')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.7", "Oqaatsit1997:ernersiaq#e3161", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ernersiaq#e3066", "Kleinschmidt1871:.siaq#e9991", "Oqaatsit1997:-:siaq#e15879", "Oqaatsit1997:-:siaq#e15880" ], "id": "N_siaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_ssamaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a(n) intended N; a(n) N someone has set their sights on" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssamaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Bracket form N{ccamaaq}N begins with a geminate /cc/ -- a genuine two-consonant cluster onset, surfacing orthographically as double /ss/. AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 ('phonotactic truncativity') states plainly that any morpheme beginning with a consonant cluster can only join onto a vowel, deleting a preceding consonant if the host is consonant-final -- this holds regardless of the specific consonants involved, and directly grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same double-consonant-onset reasoning already used for this repo's N_ssiaq_N (a genuine phonotactic-truncativity case, distinct from the single-consonant /kŋpqr/ sandhi-truncative list of Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a(n) intended ___; a(n) ___ {{Actor}} has set their sights on", "en_short": "an intended ___", "da": "en tilsigtet ___; en ___ man har sat sig for at få", "da_short": "en tilsigtet ___", "composition": { "en": "intended ___", "da": "tilsigtet ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as something intended, set aside, or destined for a particular role -- distinct from the more general N_kcaq_N ('future N') below in that this affix specifically implies deliberate intent/choice rather than mere futurity. Corroborated independently by Nielsen2012's own '÷ssamaaq' entry (§5.5.3.6, 'Forhenværende og fremtidig N' = 'former and future N'), glossed almost word-for-word identically ('noget der skal blive til N, intenderet N' = 'something that is to become N, an intended N'), supplying both examples below. No Bjornum2012 match was found for this specific affix.", "examples": [ { "surface": "matussamaaq", "natural": "a door-to-be, an upcoming door (Nielsen2012's example, from matu 'door')" }, { "surface": "angutaatissamaaq", "natural": "someone one has picked out to be one's boyfriend (Nielsen2012's example, from angutaat 'boyfriend/sweetheart')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.6" ], "id": "N_ssamaaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_kcaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a future N; something not yet existing, intended to become or be used as N (the 'irrealis' affix)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_kcaq_N:b8a482d3feab", "items": [ { "text": "a future N; something not yet existing, intended to become or be used as N (the 'irrealis' affix)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.6", "Katersat:lex_255729", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ssaq", "Oqaatsit1997:ilinniagassat#e3949", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilinniagassat#e3826" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Doubly grounded: bracket form N{kcaq}N is BOTH a genuine two-consonant cluster onset (/kc/, surfacing as double /ss/ -- AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4, phonotactic truncativity, same reasoning as N_ssamaaq_N above) AND, independently, literally k-initial (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/ sandhi-truncative list). Either rule alone would force boundary_behavior:truncating/left_sandhi:truncative; both apply here simultaneously, the same dual grounding as this repo's N_kkaaq_N (kk-initial, also both cluster- and k-covered).", "Per AITWG-Affixes' own text, this affix combines with N_cuaq_N and optionally with the '(a)ttiaq' affix ('a fair-sized N', this repo's own N_ttiaq_N) to give N{cca(ttia)qcuaq}N, glossed '(which should have been N)' -- a wry, mildly disappointed sense layered on top of the plain future/irrealis meaning. Not modeled as a separate underlying_form entry; recorded here as a documented compound.", "Chapter 6 (AITWG-Affixes:p.33) explicitly analyzes the components of V{-ðaccau}V and V{ðuccau}V as including the nominal future affix N{ccaq}N. This chapter uses a different phonemic notation from chapter 4's N{kcaq}N; its future-N description and compositional role match this entry. The compound examples are evidence for the component, not a separate N{ccaq}N lexeme." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a future ___; not yet existing, meant to become ___", "en_short": "a future ___", "da": "en fremtidig ___; noget der endnu ikke findes, men er tiltænkt som ___", "da_short": "en fremtidig ___", "composition": { "en": "future ___; not yet existing, meant to become ___", "da": "fremtidig ___; endnu ikke eksisterende, tiltænkt at blive ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The source calls this an 'irrealis' affix: it marks the host noun as not yet in existence, but destined or intended to come into being -- extremely common and productive, used on essentially any noun that has a foreseeable future instance. Corroborated extensively by Nielsen2012's own '÷ssaq' entry (§5.5.3.6, glossed almost identically: 'kommende N, bestemt til N; bruges altid ved et nomen der optræder i fremtiden' = 'upcoming N, destined to be N; always used for a noun that appears in the future'), and independently by Bjornum2012's own dedicated '-ssaq' entry (Kap.9 §6, glossed 'fremtid ved substantiver' = 'future [tense] for nouns'), which its own introductory section singles out as 'det vigtigste' ('the most important') of the small handful of affixes that can mark nominal futurity -- directly corroborating AITWG-Affixes' own 'incredibly common' claim. Two of the examples below (ilinniagassat) are independently attested with the IDENTICAL word by both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 -- strong cross-source confirmation, not just a shared gloss.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kigutissaq", "natural": "a tooth about to break through (Nielsen2012's example, from kigut 'tooth')" }, { "surface": "ilinniagassat", "natural": "homework; things yet to be learned (identical word independently attested by both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012, from ilinniagaq 'something learned')" }, { "surface": "ilaasussaq", "natural": "a passenger who has not yet boarded (Bjornum2012's own example, contrasted directly against ilaasoq, 'a passenger already aboard' -- illustrates the irrealis/future sense precisely)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.6", "Katersat:lex_255729", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ssaq", "Oqaatsit1997:ilinniagassat#e3949", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilinniagassat#e3826" ], "id": "N_kcaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_cuaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a big, bad, or naughty N (often affectionately, especially in combination with other modifiers)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_cuaq_N:22b3941aae2e", "items": [ { "text": "a big, bad, or naughty N (often affectionately, especially in combination with other modifiers)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "AITWG:§6.11", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +(r)suaq", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. +(r)suaq, Bøjningseksempel 111" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(r)suaq", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+rsuaq", "alveolar_schwa_stem": "+suaq", "uvular_deleting_stem": "+rsuaq" }, "notes": [ "Bracket form N{(q)cuaq}N: the parenthetical '(q)' is AITWG's own notational symbol (Definition 2.5) for SANDHI-EPENTHETIC morphemes -- ones that attach directly to a consonant-final host, but insert their own optional consonant after a vowel-final host. The citation form's own parenthetical, '+(r)suaq', documents the concrete realization: the epenthetic underlying /q/ surfaces as /r/ (ordinary intervocalic q-weakening) after vowel-final hosts. This is neither of Definition 2.7's covered cases, so no left_sandhi enum value is asserted; the genuine epenthetic conditioning is described here in prose rather than force-fit onto an enum with no clean epenthetic option. boundary_behavior stays at this template's additive default, the closest available fit.", "On tə-stems such as {aŋute}N ('man'), the source states this affix may join directly onto the stem's final /t/, eliding the /ə/ -- ⟹ angussuaq ('a big/bad man'). Independently and strongly corroborated by BOTH other sources with the IDENTICAL word: Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.2.7: 'Føjes til tə-stammen med bortfald af -ə-... angut, mand; angussuaq') and Bjornum2012 (K9§6 s.v. +(r)suaq: 'angussuaq, en stor, grim el. dum mand (angut)') -- a rare three-source exact match on the same derived word.", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375): vowel_final_stem encodes the ordinary epenthetic case (illu -> illorsuaq, Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.7, Bjornum2012:K9§6, already this repo's own worked_examples fixture). alveolar_schwa_stem is keyed '+suaq' -- the affix's OWN bare surface, with no linking vowel -- per this entry's own note above: attaching directly onto the tə-stem's final /t/ with the schwa eliding is the OPPOSITE of N_pak_N's angut/anguterpaat pattern (where the schwa instead surfaces as a linking vowel); this entry's own note already calls this out as a three-source exact match (AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012), the strongest attestation of any of the 14 jandahl/oq#375 entries. Realizing angussuaq in full needs a further, unimplemented host-boundary process (the stem's own final /t/ assimilating with this affix's initial /s/ to a real geminate 'ss', with NO vowel inserted -- the opposite of the existing alveolar_schwa_stem engine branch, which always inserts one) -- this field alone cannot encode that stem-side change, only the incoming morpheme's own text (jandahl/oq#375's own follow-up B). uvular_deleting_stem is keyed '+rsuaq' -- the SAME epenthetic /r/ text as vowel_final_stem, since this class's own name already asserts the host's final /q/ deletes before the attaching affix (unlike N_pak_N's own honest, still-open gap for the sibling '+(r)passuit'/'+(r)passuaq' affix, which has no q-host allomorph at all): qimmeq (q-final) -> qimmersuaq is attested by name in AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.7 ('qimmeq, hund; qimmersuaq, stor (dum, grim) hund') and Bjornum2012:K9§1 ('qimmersuaq, en stor hund'; also the worked infix/suffix contrast example 'qimmersuaqarpoq, der er en stor hund', illustrating +(r)suaq as a suffix in qimmersuaq but an infix once -qarpoq follows). This key could only be added once qimmeq itself carried a published morphology_class -- done directly on that stem entry (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml) alongside this change, reusing the SAME uvular_deleting_stem/declension_class:p classification this repo's own arnaq/ukioq entries already use, per Bjornum2012's own K4§2 stem-overview table naming qimmeq alongside both. No velar-final key is added: kangerlussuaq (k-final 'kangerluk') is still attested by name only (Bjornum2012:K9§6) with no morphology_class yet published on that host stem -- an open gap, not closed by this change.", "right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision: the source states {aq} disappears before N{-u}V ('be N'), so N{(q)cuaq}N{-u}V ⟹* +(q)suu-. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own +(r)suaq entry ('før tilhæng der begynder med vokal, bortfalder -aq' = 'before an affix beginning with a vowel, -aq drops') and directly illustrated by its own inersuuvoq example (ini 'room' + suaq + -u-, 'it is a big room'). AITWG:§6.11 ('{aq} ghost morpheme') is the general grounding for this phenomenon repo-wide, already used by this repo's naaq stem and V_galuaq_N entries for the same enum value.", "morphology_class mirrors this repo's ateq stem entry directly: AITWG-Affixes' own text states this affix 'is an aq-stem, taking N{-up} and N{-it} in ergative singular and plural etc., otherwise it behaves like a pseudo-q stem' -- exactly AITWG:§6.4's strong-q-stem / AITWG:§6.7's up-declension pattern. Nielsen2012 independently confirms the SAME declension class at §4.1.4.2.7 ('bøjes som {+nnguaq}... bortset fra at tilhænget er stærkt i de oblikke kasus: qimmersuaq, qimmersuup, qimmersuit, qimmersuarmik' -- 'strong[ly q-declined] in the oblique cases'), and Bjornum2012 gives the identical characterization even more tersely as its own worked declension paradigm heading: '+(r)suaq \"stor\" (stærkt q i oblikke kasus, ellers som -nnguaq)' = '\"big\" (strong q in the oblique cases, otherwise like -nnguaq)' (Kap.8 §2, Bøjningseksempel 111) -- three-way agreement on strength:strong, stem_type:uvular_weakening_stem, declension_class:up.", "Combines with N{ŋŋuaq}N (this repo's own N_nnguaq_N) ⟹ N{(q)cuaŋŋuaq}N ('naughty N'), and with this repo's own N_rujuk_N ⟹ N{-rujukcuaq}N ('enormous N', see N_rujuk_N's own note for the full detail on how that combination cancels both affixes' ordinarily-negative connotation).", "Also combines with V{ðuq}N (the intransitive-participle-forming affix) and N{-u}V ('be N'), i.e. V{ðuq}N{(q)cuaq}N{-u}V ⟹* V{ðuqcuu}V, to describe an intense or protracted state -- e.g. with {asannək}V ('is in love with someone') ⟹* asannittorsuuvunga ('I'm so in love'). N_rujuk_N can also be inserted between V{ðuq}N and N{(q)cuaq}N, once or repeatedly, for further emphasis: asannittorujorujorujussuuvunga. Bjornum2012 independently corroborates this exact construction (a different verb, same three-affix chain: V{ðuq}N{(q)cuaq}N{-u}V) with its own worked example: 'Affikset -uvoq er sættes helt hen på u (med bortfald af -aq): sallusorsuuvutit, orv, hvor du lyver' ('the affix -uvoq \"is\" attaches right onto -u-, with -aq dropping: sallusorsuuvutit, \"wow, what a liar you are!\"', built on salluvoq 'lies' + the participle + this affix) -- a genuinely independent confirmation of the same three-morpheme intensifying chain, on a different base verb than AITWG-Affixes' own asannək example." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a big, bad, or naughty ___", "da": "en stor, dårlig eller uartig ___ (ofte kærligt ment, især i kombination med andre tillæg)", "en_short": "a big, bad, or naughty ___", "da_short": "en stor, dårlig eller uartig ___", "composition": { "en": "big, bad, or naughty ___", "da": "stor, dårlig eller uartig ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "agreement_variants": { "da": { "common_singular": "stor, dårlig eller uartig", "neuter_singular": "stort, dårligt eller uartigt", "plural": "store, dårlige eller uartige", "definite": "store, dårlige eller uartige" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The single most morphologically complex entry in this chapter. At its core it marks the host noun as big or bad -- but the connotation flips affectionate/neutral once combined with certain other modifiers (see N_rujuk_N), and it also participates in a productive verbal-intensifier construction (V{ðuq}N{(q)cuaq}N{-u}V) unrelated to its plain nominal use. Its declension is a genuine 'aq-stem, behaving like a pseudo-q stem' per the source, independently confirmed strong/up-declined by both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qimmersuaq", "natural": "a big/bad/dumb dog (from qimmeq 'dog'; independently attested by AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 alike)" }, { "surface": "angussuaq", "natural": "a big/bad/dumb man (from {aŋute}N/angut 'man', illustrating direct attachment to the tə-stem's final /t/ with elision of /ə/ -- the SAME word independently given by AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012 AND Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "illorsuaq", "natural": "a big house (from illu 'house'; Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "asannittorsuuvunga", "natural": "I'm so in love (AITWG-Affixes' own example of the V{ðuq}N{(q)cuaq}N{-u}V intensifier construction, from {asannək}V 'is in love with someone')" }, { "surface": "asannittorujorujorujussuuvunga", "natural": "I'm SO deeply in love (AITWG-Affixes' own example, with N_rujuk_N inserted repeatedly for further emphasis)" }, { "surface": "sallusorsuuvutit", "natural": "wow, what a liar you are! (Bjornum2012's own independent example of the same V{ðuq}N{(q)cuaq}N{-u}V construction, from salluvoq 'lies')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "AITWG:§6.11", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +(r)suaq", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. +(r)suaq, Bøjningseksempel 111", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15602", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.16030", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.27160" ], "id": "N_cuaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_taaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a new N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+taaq", "notes": [ "Oqaatsit1997:-:taaq#e17506 directly heads the nominal new-N affix. Its adjacent #e17507 is the unrelated also enclitic, excluded here. Kleinschmidt1871:.taaq#e10013 independently distinguishes nominal new/newly acquired N and the verbalized acquire-new-N form; only the nominal part supports this entry.", "Single t-initial affix: not on AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/ sandhi-truncative list, and not a consonant cluster, so AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4's phonotactic-truncativity rule doesn't apply either -- matches the citation form's own '+' prefix (Definition 2.5's additive marker). boundary_behavior stays at this template's plain additive default; no left_sandhi value asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a new ___", "da": "en ny ___", "en_short": "a new ___", "da_short": "en ny ___", "composition": { "en": "new ___", "da": "ny ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as newly acquired or newly come into being. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example of its own. Corroborated independently by Nielsen2012's own '+taaq' entry (§5.5.3.8, 'Ny og gammel N' = 'new and old N', glossed identically: 'ny N; pl. +taat'), supplying both examples below. No Bjornum2012 N-N match was found for this exact nominal affix: Bjornum2012 documents only a related but distinct VERBALIZED cognate, +taarpoq/+saarpoq n-v ('has gotten/acquired a new N'; Kap.9 §6), not a bare 'new N' nominal headword -- not cited here since it is a different word-class derivation.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illutaaq", "natural": "a new house (Nielsen2012's example, from illu 'house')" }, { "surface": "ukiortaaq", "natural": "New Year, lit. 'a new year' (Nielsen2012's example, from ukioq 'year')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:-:taaq#e17506", "Kleinschmidt1871:.taaq#e10013", "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.8" ], "id": "N_taaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_taq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a(n) N belonging to/among (possessor); for inanimate objects, the part of something made of N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_taq_N:37a4a8203688", "items": [ { "text": "a(n) N belonging to/among (possessor); for inanimate objects, the part of something made of N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "AITWG:§8.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +taq", "Katersat:lex_40866", "Oqaatsit1997:inuttat#e4862", "Oqaasersiorfik2008:umiarsuit#e15973", "Misiliineq inuttaalu (composition; Jan 2026-09-25)", "Kalaallisut speaker Danish for Misiliineq inuttaalu: ungendered person anaphor (Jan 2026-09-26)" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+taq", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4: Nielsen explicitly says a preceding schwa is retained. Its possessed human-association use does not imply ownership or kinship; retain the distinction between people with someone and inanimate parts made of a material. No universal possessive requirement is imposed on the material-part sense.", "Single t-initial affix: same reasoning as N_taaq_N above -- not on AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/ list, not a consonant cluster, matches the citation form's own '+' additive marker. boundary_behavior stays at this template's plain additive default; no left_sandhi value asserted.", "Per the source, this affix is commonly used with possessive endings, e.g. N{(q)vut}/N{-vut} ('our N/Ns'), to mean 'the N(s) among us/who are with us'. This possessive-collective usage pattern is independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own +taq entry, which supplies the identical worked example (meerartavut) used by AITWG-Affixes itself.", "AITWG:§8.3 directly classes N{taq}N as a partitive noun-forming affix: it attaches to any noun to denote a (sub)part/element of the possessor, including a person among a group (angutitarput, angutitavut) and a material part of a singular possessor (illup qisuttaa). This is direct evidence for both relational and material-part senses; it does not conflate the affix with the separate partitive nouns ila or aqlaq.", "Composition (prefer live sandhi; no lexical inuttaq stem): inuk + N_taq_N → inuttaq (Katersat FST inuk+TAQ; historical inugtaq; k+t→tt) + Abs.3sg (-a) → inuttaa + ENCL_lu → inuttaalu. Reusable attenuation stays on plain_gloss and on the sourced examples (meerartavut, arnartarput): Nielsen2012 §5.5.3.4 hos/med / tilhørende, not ownership (Danish \"hører til\" avoided). Crew is vessel-only: Oqaatsit1997 inuttat; 2008-kal umiarsuaq inuttaalu — do not reuse that natural for a person discourse referent. Soft: murdered-person homograph inuttaq/inuartaq (Schultz1927#e5124) is a different historical consonant.", "Speaker sentence natural for bare Abs.3sg+lu (Misiliineq inuttaalu; Kalaallisut speaker to Jan 2026-09-26): the word is ungendered and points at the discourse person (han/hun, hende/ham) — natural \"og vedkommende\" / \"and him/her\", with ___/anaphor fill by the engine. That reading is the sentence line for this surface; it does not delete the reusable hos/med attenuation on the affix. Not crew." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a(n) ___ belonging to; a(n) ___ belonging among (possessor)", "en_short": "a ___ belonging to; a ___ belonging among", "da": "en ___, der er hos en; tilhørende ___; den del, der er lavet af ___", "da_short": "en ___, der er hos en", "options": { "da": { "hos": "en ___, der er hos en", "med": "en ___, der er med", "tilhørende": "tilhørende ___", "del": "den del, der er lavet af ___" } }, "composition": { "en": "___ belonging to; ___ belonging among; part made of ___", "da": "___, der er hos; tilhørende ___; del lavet af ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "For animate/relational nouns, marks the host as one who belongs to or is counted among a group (frequently with a possessive ending). For inanimate nouns, marks the specific part of something that is made of, or consists of, the host material. Corroborated by both Nielsen2012 (§5.5.3.4, 'Flere N, med-N, del af helhed' = 'several N, with-N, part of a whole', glossed 'tilhørende N, del lavet af N') and Bjornum2012 (Kap.9 §6, glossed 'tilhørende; den del, der består af...'), the latter independently supplying the EXACT SAME two worked examples AITWG-Affixes itself uses (meerartavut, qisuttaa).", "examples": [ { "surface": "angutitarput", "natural": "our one male member (AITWG:§8.3, singular possessive form of the person-among-group sense)" }, { "surface": "angutitavut", "natural": "our male members (AITWG:§8.3, plural possessive form of the person-among-group sense)" }, { "surface": "arnartarput", "natural": "the woman amongst us (AITWG-Affixes' own example, with N{(q)vut} 'our N')" }, { "surface": "meerartavut", "natural": "those amongst us who are children (AITWG-Affixes' own example, with N{-vut} 'our Ns'; the identical word is independently attested by Nielsen2012 as 'de børn der er hos os')" }, { "surface": "illup qisuttaa", "natural": "the wooden part of the house (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from {qicuk}N 'wood'; the identical word 'qisuttaa' is independently attested by BOTH Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012, both glossing it 'the part made of wood')" }, { "surface": "aputitaa", "natural": "the snow lying on it (independently attested by both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012, from aput 'snow')" }, { "surface": "inuttaalu", "natural": "and him/her (Abs.3sg + ENCL_lu discourse person; ungendered slot for the engine. Speaker 2026-09-26. Not crew; hos/med stays on plain_gloss / meerartavut.)", "natural_da": "og vedkommende" }, { "surface": "umiarsuaq inuttaalu", "natural": "a ship and its crew (vessel possessor only. 2008-kal defines umiarsuit as this phrase; Oqaatsit1997 inuttat is besætning, mandskab. Do not reuse for a person possessor.)", "natural_da": "et skib og dets besætning" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "AITWG:§8.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +taq", "Katersat:lex_40866", "Oqaatsit1997:inuttat#e4862", "Oqaasersiorfik2008:umiarsuit#e15973", "Misiliineq inuttaalu (composition; Jan 2026-09-25)", "Kalaallisut speaker Danish for Misiliineq inuttaalu: ungendered person anaphor (Jan 2026-09-26)" ], "id": "N_taq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_ttialak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a good, likeable N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_ttialak_N:525b385b753f", "items": [ { "text": "a good, likeable N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tsialak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is N{ttialak}N -- a geminate/double-consonant /tt/ onset, with no leading hyphen or parenthetical. AITWG:§2.3 (Definition 2.4, 'Phonotactic truncativity') states that any morpheme beginning with a consonant cluster -- which a geminate onset like /tt/ counts as -- can only join onto a vowel, deleting a preceding stem-final consonant. Directly corroborated by Nielsen2012's own example inuk ('human being', k-final) -> inutsialak ('a good person'), showing the host's /k/ deleted before this affix.", "The citation spelling '-tsialak' (with 's') for the bracket's geminate /tt/ reflects the general Kalaallisut orthographic convention that /tːi/ is spelled 'tsi', not something specific to this affix.", "angut ('man', t-final) -> angutitsialak ('a good, well-regarded man') shows an epenthetic /i/ inserted between host and affix instead of truncation or bare attachment -- the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/ rule already documented on this repo's N_ssiaq_N and N_tuaq_N entries, a host-side rule independent of any one specific affix, not evidence bearing on this affix's own left_sandhi.", "AITWG-Affixes' own combination note for the neighbouring (a)ttiaq entry (N{(a)ttiaŋŋuaq}N, 'good little/usable N') applies to that entry specifically, not to ttialak -- not repeated here; see N_ttiaq_N's own notes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a good, likeable ___", "da": "en god, rar ___", "en_short": "a good, likeable ___", "da_short": "en god, rar ___", "composition": { "en": "good, likeable ___", "da": "god, rar ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as good, nice, or likeable. Nielsen2012's own ÷tsialak entry corroborates both the gloss and the attachment pattern directly, and additionally gives this affix's own further-inflection paradigm (÷tsialaap ergative singular, ÷tsialaat absolutive plural) -- structurally identical to this repo's already-modelled arfak entry (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml: arfak/arfaap/arfaat, a regular k-stem, i.e. deletion of the final /k/ plus the same -aap/-aat pattern), which is why stem_type/declension_class/strength here mirror arfak's own values rather than any of the weaker, gemination-marked q-stem patterns modelled elsewhere in this chapter (contrast N_toqaq_N below, a genuinely different, weak-stem pattern).", "examples": [ { "surface": "silatsialak", "natural": "good, nice weather (from sila, 'weather')" }, { "surface": "inutsialak", "natural": "a good person (from inuk, 'human being'; illustrates the /k/-deletion this affix's phonotactic truncativity forces)" }, { "surface": "angutitsialak", "natural": "a good, well-regarded man (from angut, 'man'; illustrates the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/ rule, not this affix's own sandhi)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "id": "N_ttialak_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_ttiaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a middling or fair-sized N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tsiaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Execution checkpoint: inspected oq-api fc4e5097 (0.4.25) builds the cited bare umiatsiaq chain but does not execute this stored vowel-gemination class for its relative/plural/instrumental cells, returning unflagged umiatsiarp/umiatsiart/umiatsiarmik instead of the cited umiatsiaap/umiatsiaat/umiatsiaamik. Preserve the source class and regional alternatives; these failed projections are not new golds or evidence against the source.", "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation is N{(a)ttiaq}N: a geminate /tt/ core (phonotactically truncative per AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4, the same double-consonant-onset reasoning used for N_ttialak_N above) with a parenthetical, optional initial /a/. That parenthetical /a/ is NOT about how this affix attaches to its host -- it is the SAME vowel the source's own prose describes surfacing/geminating on the derived word's own later inflection (see the pedagogy note below); it is recorded here as a structural detail of the bracket notation, not as a separate left-edge sandhi fact. Directly corroborated on the host-attachment side by Nielsen2012's own example nukappiaq ('young man', q-final) -> nukappiatsiaq ('a half-grown boy'), showing the host's /q/ deleted before this affix -- the same truncative pattern as N_ttialak_N's inuk -> inutsialak.", "The citation spelling '-tsiaq' (with 's') for the bracket's geminate /tt/ reflects the same general /tːi/ -> 'tsi' orthographic convention noted on N_ttialak_N, not something specific to this affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a middling or fair-sized ___", "da": "en middelstor eller pæn ___", "en_short": "a middling or fair-sized ___", "da_short": "en middelstor eller pæn ___", "composition": { "en": "middling or fair-sized ___", "da": "middelstor eller pæn ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "vowel_gemination": { "vowel": "a", "scope": "majority" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as fair-sized, medium, or half-grown/half-big -- a milder degree than the outright 'big' affixes catalogued elsewhere in this chapter. AITWG-Affixes' own text says this affix 'injects an extra /a/ before consonant-initial endings; you could say it geminates /a/ when the weak q is thrown away' -- and Nielsen2012 independently confirms this in TWO places, both explicitly labelling it 'vokalgemination' (vowel gemination): its own ÷tsiaq entry gives the paradigm ÷tsiaap/÷tsiaat/÷tsiaamik (double /a/ throughout), and its separate nominal-inflection chapter (§4.1) states outright 'Tilhænget ÷tsiaq (ret stor) har vokalgeminering: umiatsiaq, umiatsiaap, umiatsiaat, umiatsiaamik.' Bjørnum independently corroborates with a full worked declension table for umiatsiaq ('boat', historically 'a fair-sized [rowing craft]', now lexicalized as the ordinary word for boat), headed explicitly '(affikset -tsiaq, svag stamme med vokalgemination)' -- 'weak stem with vowel gemination' -- confirming this affix's derived noun is a WEAK q-stem (grounding stem_type:uvular_deleting_stem/strength:weak/declension_class:p, the same base class as this repo's arnaq/amiq/naaq) with an additional vowel-lengthening layered on top. That additional fact is now encoded as morphology_class.vowel_gemination (issue #427) rather than morphology_class.gemination or inflection_sandhi:geminating: this schema's gemination field is explicitly documented as a 'consonant-cluster alternation', and every existing real-data use of inflection_sandhi:geminating in this repo (amiq/taliq/ukaliq/anori) pairs it with exactly that -- a doubled CONSONANT, never a doubled vowel. Forcing a vowel pair into that consonant-scoped field would misrepresent its established scope, hence the new, narrowly-scoped vowel_gemination field instead -- following this repo's existing N_lik_N precedent of not force-fitting a rich, well-attested pattern into a field whose documented scope does not cover it, while still preferring a structured, queryable fact over prose alone wherever the pattern is well-enough attested to support one (as vowel_onset_allomorphs did for N_vik_N, issue #418). Both Nielsen2012 and Bjørnum2012 additionally record that this vowel-gemination pattern is a MAJORITY variant, not universal (grounding scope:majority above): Bjørnum explicitly notes 'mange steder i Grønland bøjes det regelmæssigt (pluralis: -tsiat, svag stamme)' -- in many places in Greenland it inflects regularly instead, with a single /a/ throughout (umiatsiap, umiatsiat, umiatsiamik) -- the same kind of majority/minority regional split already documented on this repo's anori entry (rr-gemination vs. non-geminating alternative).", "examples": [ { "surface": "illutsiaq", "natural": "a medium-sized house (from illu, 'house')" }, { "surface": "nukappiatsiaq", "natural": "a half-grown boy (from nukappiaq, 'young man'; illustrates the /q/-deletion this affix's own left_sandhi:truncative predicts)" }, { "surface": "umiatsiaq", "natural": "boat (lexicalized; historically 'a fair-sized [rowing craft]', from umiaq)" }, { "surface": "umiatsiaap", "natural": "the boat's (ergative/relative singular; double /a/ -- the majority, vowel-geminating declension pattern)" }, { "surface": "umiatsiaat", "natural": "boats (absolutive plural, same geminating pattern); a non-geminating minority variant also exists (umiatsiat, single /a/), per both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2a", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Umiatsiaq, Bøjningseksempel 99 (pp.189–218)" ], "id": "N_ttiaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_tuaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "the one and only N; a sole N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tuaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "This affix's bracket form N{-tuaq}N and citation form -tuaq begin with a single /t/, which AITWG:§2.4's Definition 2.7 blanket rule does not cover (/t/ is not vowel-initial and not in the /kŋpqr/ set), so left_sandhi:truncative here rests on independent attestation rather than that blanket rule. Nielsen2012's own ÷tuaq entry gives taakaniittoq ('one who was there', a participle in -toq, hence q-final) -> taakaniittutuaq ('the only one who was there') -- the host's final /q/ is deleted before this affix attaches directly, confirming truncative behaviour independently of AITWG's Definition 2.7.", "Nielsen2012's own set also includes panik ('daughter', k-final) -> 'panisuaq' (glossed 'the only daughter'), printed with an 's' rather than the expected 't' of this affix's own citation form -- every other example in the same entry (illutuaq, angutituaq, Guutituaq, taakaniittutuaq) consistently shows 't'. This could reflect either a transcription artefact or a genuine narrow t->s alternation specific to certain hosts; Nielsen2012's own ÷toqaq entry (see N_toqaq_N) independently shows the exact same pattern on the placeholder root pi- ('thing') -> 'pisoqaq' ('an old thing'), also with 's' for expected 't', which is corroborated by MOFO's own utoqqaq entry (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) citing that identical spelling. Flagged here as a genuine, unresolved irregularity rather than silently corrected.", "angut ('man', t-final) -> angutituaq ('the only man [in the family]') shows the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/ rule (angut+i÷tuaq), not evidence of this affix's own sandhi. Guuti ('God', a vowel-final loanword) -> Guutituaq and illu ('house', vowel-final) -> illutuaq both attach directly with no change, as expected for any vowel-final host regardless of this affix's own left_sandhi." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the one and only ___; a sole ___", "en_short": "the one and only ___", "da": "den ene og eneste ___", "da_short": "den ene og eneste ___", "composition": { "en": "one and only ___", "da": "ene og eneste ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as the only one of its kind, or the sole example among a group. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; all examples below are from Nielsen2012's independent ÷tuaq entry, which corroborates the gloss directly ('eneste N', 'the only/sole N'). No Bjornum2012 match was found for this affix.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illutuaq", "natural": "the only house (from illu, 'house')" }, { "surface": "angutituaq", "natural": "the only man (in the family/company) (from angut, 'man'; illustrates the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/ rule)" }, { "surface": "taakaniittutuaq", "natural": "the only one who was there (from taakaniittoq, a participle 'one who was there'; illustrates this affix's own /q/-truncation directly)" }, { "surface": "Guutituaq", "natural": "the only God (from Guuti, 'God', a Danish loanword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2" ], "id": "N_tuaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_toqaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "an aged or old N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-toqaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "ID drops the apostrophe from AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form N{-tu'qaq}N; the bracket's /u/ vs. the citation form's /o/ (tu'qaq vs. toqaq) reflects the ordinary Kalaallisut spelling convention that pre-uvular /u/ lowers to written 'o', not something specific to this affix -- the same kind of bracket-vs-citation spelling divergence already flagged on N_usaq_N/N_usiaq_N/N_ssiaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml).", "Single-/t/-initial, so (like N_tuaq_N above) AITWG:§2.4's Definition 2.7 blanket rule does not apply directly; left_sandhi:truncative instead rests on strong independent attestation. Bjornum2012's own §3 ('Affikser, der føjes til substantiver'), point 3 ('Trunkative affikser, der føjes til substantiver' -- 'Truncative affixes attaching to nouns'), uses -toqaq as one of exactly three example affixes illustrating what a truncative affix IS in this grammar's own terms, with the worked example atuarfik ('school', k-final) -> atuarfitoqaq ('an old school') showing the host's final /k/ deleted. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates with napparsimmavik ('hospital', k-final) -> napparsimmavitoqaq ('the old hospital') and nukappiaq ('young man', q-final) -> nukappiatoqaq ('a bachelor', lit. 'an old young-man') -- both showing host-final-consonant deletion before this affix, across both /k/- and /q/-final hosts.", "Nielsen2012's own ÷toqaq entry also gives pi- (the placeholder root 'thing') -> 'pisoqaq' ('an old thing/one'), spelled with 's' rather than the expected 't' -- the same irregularity flagged on N_tuaq_N's panik -> panisuaq example, and independently corroborated by MOFO's own utoqqaq entry (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml), which already flags 'pisoqaq' as a 'possible historical derivation from the affix N{-tuqaq}N', hedged there as uncertain. Nielsen2012's own independent attestation of the identical spelling strengthens that connection considerably -- though the underlying t->s mechanism itself remains unexplained and is not modelled as a schema field here.", "Confident gemination case, per the amiq model (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml): AITWG-Affixes' own prose states this outright ('Weak q-stem with gemination of /q/ ⟹ /qq/'), and Nielsen2012's own paradigm (÷toqqap ERG.SG, ÷toqqat ABS.PL, ÷toqqamik INS.SG -- all showing 'qq') is structurally identical to amiq's own m -> mm paradigm (ammip/ammit), just on /q/ instead of /m/, and with the same p-class ERG.SG attachment (direct -p, no linking -u-) amiq/arnaq/naaq all share." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "an aged or old ___", "da": "en gammel ___", "en_short": "an aged or old ___", "da_short": "en gammel ___", "composition": { "en": "old ___", "da": "gammel ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "agreement_variants": { "da": { "common_singular": "gammel", "neuter_singular": "gammelt", "plural": "gamle", "definite": "gamle", "possessive": "gamle" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "q", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as old or aged. Both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 independently corroborate the gloss and the truncating attachment; Nielsen2012 additionally supplies this affix's own further-inflection paradigm (÷toqqap/÷toqqat/÷toqqamik), directly showing the /q/ -> /qq/ gemination AITWG-Affixes' own text describes, in the same weak-q-stem/p-class pattern already modelled on this repo's amiq entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illutoqaq", "natural": "an old house (from illu, 'house')" }, { "surface": "atuarfitoqaq", "natural": "an old school (from atuarfik, 'school'; Bjornum2012's own example illustrating truncativity)" }, { "surface": "napparsimmavitoqaq", "natural": "the old hospital (from napparsimmavik, 'hospital')" }, { "surface": "nukappiatoqaq", "natural": "a bachelor, lit. 'an old young man' (from nukappiaq, 'young man')" }, { "surface": "toqqap", "natural": "(the old ...)'s, ergative/relative singular of a -toqaq word -- illustrates the /q/->/qq/ gemination directly" }, { "surface": "toqqat", "natural": "(the) old (...), absolutive plural, same gemination pattern" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.8", "Bjornum2012:K9§3", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15517" ], "id": "N_toqaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_uneq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "the top-ranking or chief N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-uneq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation is N{-unəQ}N; this repo's ID N_uneq_N respells the capital-Q (AITWG's own notation for a schwa-plus-uvular ending) with its lowercase citation-form equivalent -eq, the same convention already used for this chapter's other bracket-notation special characters.", "AITWG-Affixes' own etymology: a combination of N{-u}V ('be N') with V{nəQ}N ('more/most Vb-ing') -- i.e. literally 'being-more-N', paralleling this repo's already-modelled N_mineq_N entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml), whose own final syllable -neq is the same schwa-plus-uvular shape. Unlike N_mineq_N, no worked example of a FURTHER-inflected -uneq word (e.g. a plural or ergative singular) was found in either Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012, so no morphology_class/inflection_sandhi parallel to N_mineq_N's own metathesis claim is asserted here -- only the citation-form attachment facts below, not the derived noun's own future declension.", "This affix is vowel-initial (/u/), directly covered by AITWG:§2.4's Definition 2.7 blanket rule ('All affixes and endings beginning in a vowel are sandhi-truncative'), the same rule grounding this repo's N_iqniaq_N entry. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own two examples: pisortaq ('leader', q-final) -> pisortaaneq ('the top leader') and arnaq ('woman', q-final) -> arnaaneq ('a loose woman', archaic/dated per Nielsen2012's own gloss) -- both show the host's final /q/ deleted, with the preceding vowel lengthening to compensate. ajoqi ('catechist', already vowel-final) -> ajoqiuneq ('head catechist') attaches directly with no change, as expected for a vowel-final host." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the top-ranking or chief ___", "da": "den øverste eller vigtigste ___", "en_short": "the top-ranking or chief ___", "da_short": "den øverste eller vigtigste ___", "composition": { "en": "top-ranking or chief ___", "da": "øverste eller vigtigste ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as the highest-ranking, chief, or most senior example of its kind -- AITWG-Affixes' own etymological gloss ('combination of be-N with more/most Vb-ing') is directly corroborated by Nielsen2012's independent ÷uneq entry, glossed almost identically ('over-N, chief-N'), which supplies all of the examples below. No Bjornum2012 match was found for this affix.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ajoqiuneq", "natural": "head catechist (from ajoqi, 'catechist')" }, { "surface": "pisortaaneq", "natural": "the top/chief leader (from pisortaq, 'leader'; illustrates this affix's own left_sandhi:truncative -- the host's final /q/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "arnaaneq", "natural": "a loose woman, in older usage (from arnaq, 'woman'; same /q/-deletion pattern; Nielsen2012 marks this sense as dated/archaic)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.20", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Oqaatsit1997:ajoqiuneq#e479", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pisortaaneq#e10764" ], "id": "N_uneq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_vik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a genuine, proper N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_vik_N:2de993cae2e8", "items": [ { "text": "a genuine, proper N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Kleinschmidt1871:ativik#e1296", "Oqaatsit1997:ativik#e2307", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ativik#e2263", "AITWG-Affixes:p.20", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -vik", "Katersat:lex_131566", "Katersat:lex_168915" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-vik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-ik" }, "notes": [ "Nielsen section 5.5.3.2 and Klein e1296 attest real/proper name for ativik; modern rows e2307/e2263 lexicalize it as first name/the first name used. Keep that modern lexical specialization separate from the general genuine/proper-N rule. Dictionary noun rows do not establish a productive first-name derivation for arbitrary hosts or new allomorphy.", "This affix's own bracket/citation form -vik begins with /v/, which is neither vowel-initial nor in AITWG:§2.4's Definition 2.7 /kŋpqr/ list, so left_sandhi:truncative here rests on independent attestation, not that blanket rule. Nielsen2012's own ÷vik entry directly shows this: ateq ('name', a strong q-stem with metathesis per this repo's own ateq entry, kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) -> ativik ('the real/proper name') and naamik ('no', k-final) -> naamivik ('a definite no') both show the host's final consonant deleted before this affix, not retained, geminated, or metathesized -- confirming that DERIVATIONAL attachment of this affix triggers ordinary consonant deletion even on a host (ateq) whose own INFLECTIONAL paradigm shows the special metathesis pattern instead. Bjornum2012 independently corroborates with qisuk ('wood', k-final) -> qisuvik ('genuine/real wood'), the same k-deletion pattern.", "Bjornum2012 additionally documents this affix's own onset allomorphy: -vik after /a/ and /i/, -ik (bare, no /v/) after /u/ -- e.g. its own angutivik example (angut+i-epenthesis+vik, matching the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/ rule already noted on several sibling entries in this chapter) alongside a /u/-final-host example that instead drops the /v/. Not independently confirmed against Nielsen2012's own example set, but independently corroborated by two katersat FST headwords (Katersat:lex_131566 'inuik' <- inuk+VIK, Katersat:lex_168915 'eqaluik' <- eqaluk+VIK; both hosts truncate their own final /k/ before this affix per this entry's own left_sandhi:truncative, exposing a /u/ at the boundary -- eqaluik's own katersat entry additionally lists 'eqaluvik' as an older spelling/synonym, i.e. the WITH-/v/ form was also once in use for this exact host, not corroborating evidence against the -ik pattern but worth noting). Now structurally encoded via application_logic.vowel_onset_allomorphs (issue #418, closing oq#773's own -vik proof-of-concept): keyed on the host's final vowel QUALITY after this affix's own left_sandhi:truncative deletion, not morphology_class.stem_type -- inuk/eqaluk are both velar_retaining_stem (a consonant-class key that could never select this condition), and application_logic.lexical_overrides was the wrong field too, being explicitly scoped to per-lexeme irregularities with NO productive pattern, not this described, cited, productive rule.", "DECLINED HOMOGRAPH: Nielsen2012 separately catalogues a second, unrelated ÷vik/'÷vik entry (§5.5.1.6, class N_r 'deverbal nominalizer', glossed 'sted/tid hvor man vb-er' -- 'place/time where one Vb-s') -- a V-to-N affix built on VERB stems, semantically and categorially distinct from this N-to-N 'genuine/real N' affix (§5.5.3.2, class N_m) despite the identical spelling. Deliberately NOT cited here, to avoid conflating two different morphemes that happen to share a surface form -- the same homograph-declining treatment already used elsewhere in this repo (e.g. N_qut_N declining an unrelated 'qut-' locational stem, N_ssiaq_N declining an unrelated deverbal '+siaq' affix).", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -vik (lines 2682–2692) prints -vik after a/i and -ik after u, but also qisuvik from qisuk. This literal after-u mismatch remains a source-fidelity hold; it neither proves deletion in that witness nor cancels the independently cited -ik evidence. Keep this N-to-N genuine/proper entry distinct from V_vik_N." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a genuine, proper ___", "da": "en ægte, rigtig ___", "en_short": "a genuine, proper ___", "da_short": "en ægte, rigtig ___", "composition": { "en": "genuine, proper ___", "da": "ægte, rigtig ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as genuine, real, or proper, as opposed to an imitation or a lesser version. Both Nielsen2012 (glossed 'egentlig, rigtig, ægte' -- 'proper, real, genuine') and Bjornum2012 (glossed identically) independently corroborate the meaning and attachment pattern directly, and jointly supply every example below; AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example of its own for this entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nunavik", "natural": "mainland, homeland (from nuna, 'land'; lexicalized, and the source of the region name Nunavik in northern Quebec)" }, { "surface": "pivik", "natural": "true; real (from dummy pi-, 'thing'; SchultzLorentzen 1926/1927 mark the stem as (pi); -vik after host-final /i/, not the /u/-onset -ik allomorph)" }, { "surface": "ativik", "natural": "the real/proper name (from ateq, 'name'; illustrates this affix's own left_sandhi:truncative on a strong q-stem host)" }, { "surface": "naamivik", "natural": "a definite/firm no (from naamik, 'no')" }, { "surface": "qisuvik", "natural": "genuine/real wood (Bjornum2012's own example, from qisuk, 'wood'; same k-deletion pattern)" }, { "surface": "angutivik", "natural": "a real man (Bjornum2012's own example, from angut, 'man'; illustrates the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/ rule, not this affix's own sandhi)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:ativik#e1296", "Oqaatsit1997:ativik#e2307", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ativik#e2263", "AITWG-Affixes:p.20", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -vik", "Katersat:lex_131566", "Katersat:lex_168915" ], "id": "N_vik_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_ffaarik_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "an especially or unusually good N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ffaarik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation is N{vvaarik}N -- a geminate /vv/ onset -- while the citation form is spelled -ffaarik (with 'ff'). This is the same voiced-geminate-devoices-to-'ff' spelling convention already modelled as a real gemination alternation on this repo's ivik stem entry (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, morphology_class.gemination: {from: v, to: ff}) -- but here the vv->ff alternation is already baked into the AFFIX'S OWN citation form, not something that happens during this entry's own further inflection, so it is recorded here in prose rather than duplicated as this entry's own gemination field.", "Per AITWG:§2.3's Definition 2.4 ('Phonotactic truncativity'), any morpheme beginning with a consonant cluster -- which the geminate /vv/ onset counts as -- can only join onto a vowel, forcibly deleting a preceding stem-final consonant; this grounds left_sandhi:truncative independently of AITWG:§2.4's separate (and inapplicable here) single-consonant /kŋpqr/ sandhi-truncative rule.", "GENUINE SOURCE TENSION, not silently reconciled: AITWG-Affixes frames this as an N-to-N nominal modifier (this chapter's N{modifier}N class, 'a particularly good N'), but Nielsen2012's own ÷ffaarik entry classifies it as a DEVERBAL nominalizer instead -- filed under §5.5.1 ('N_r Nominaliserende tilhæng danner nominer af verber', nominalizing affixes that form nouns FROM VERBS), with the explicit restriction 'føjes kun til verber med positiv betydning' ('attaches only to verbs with positive meaning'). Nielsen2012's own worked example bears this out: ajunngilaq ('it is good', an intransitive VERB, from aju-nngit-poq 'is not-bad') -> ajunngiffaarik ('unusually good') attaches this affix to a VERB stem, not a noun. No independently-sourced example of this affix attaching to a plain NOUN host was found in either Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012 (Bjornum2012 has no entry for -ffaarik/-vvaarik at all), so the left_sandhi:truncative claim above rests solely on AITWG:§2.3's general phonotactic rule for the geminate onset, not on a source-confirmed example of this affix truncating a NOUN stem specifically. The separately typed V_ffaarik_N now records Nielsen's explicit V-to-N use. This does not settle historical identity or transfer verbal hosts to the N-to-N operator; AITWG's printed N{vvaarik}N remains independently represented here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "an especially or unusually good ___", "da": "en særligt eller usædvanligt god ___", "en_short": "an especially or unusually good ___", "da_short": "en særligt eller usædvanligt god ___", "composition": { "en": "especially or unusually good ___", "da": "særligt eller usædvanligt god ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host as an especially, unusually, or particularly good example of its kind. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example of its own. Nielsen2012's ajunngiffaarik ('unusually good') independently corroborates the core meaning, though (per the notes above) via a verb-attaching example, not a noun-attaching one -- so no fully-independent N-host worked example can be cited here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.20", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4" ], "id": "N_ffaarik_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_arsuk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a small, poor, or pathetic N (often affectionate rather than truly derogatory; per Kleinschmidt's own characterization, especially common in animal and place names for 'a(n) N outside the ordinary run')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_arsuk_N:83057f12a6f3", "items": [ { "text": "a small, poor, or pathetic N (often affectionate rather than truly derogatory; per Kleinschmidt's own characterization, especially common in animal and place names for 'a(n) N outside the ordinary run')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§2.5", "MOFO:nn/-aqcuk" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-arsuk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{-aqcuk}N (old orthography -arssuk), analyzed there as a combination of two independently non-productive morphemes, N{-aq}N and N{suk}N (per Schultz-Lorentzen); the citation form -arsuk (this entry's underlying_form) is used per this repo's convention of citing the source's own surface citation form, matching Nielsen2012's own identical headword spelling '÷arsuk'.", "The affix's own root is vowel-initial (/a/): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 states all vowel-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative, with no exception clause -- grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same established meaning as N_araq_N's own left_sandhi:truncative (also a vowel-initial /a/-initial affix). Directly confirmed by Nielsen2012's own inuk ('person', k-final) -> inuarsuk example, showing the host's final /k/ deleted before this affix attaches.", "Nielsen2012 independently records the variant '-varsuk efter -aa-' (after -aa-), illustrated by its own unaaq ('harpoon', a long-vowel-then-q-final host) -> unaavarsuk example: the /q/ deletes and an epenthetic /v/ is inserted to break up the resulting /aa.a/ sequence -- exactly AITWG:§2.5 Definition 2.8's phonotactic-epenthesis rule, the identical mechanism (and identical epenthetic consonant) already modeled on this repo's N_araq_N entry (sikaaq -> sikaavaraq). This is independently corroborated: MOFO cites the same word (unaavarsuk, 'a bad/useless harpoon', from unaaq) with the same /v/, sourced there to Oqaatsit 1997.", "MOFO's own left-sandhi facet additionally flags this affix as 'Irregular' alongside 'Truncative', apparently on the strength of one of its own cited examples, saarullivarsuk ('a bad/pathetic cod'), where MOFO's own text admits 'it is unclear why the /v/ should be injected here' (compare maliarsuk, from a similarly-shaped host, which shows no /v/) -- MOFO itself hedges this as 'irregularity or... an optional form'. Given that (a) the general vowel-initial-truncative rule is independently grounded by AITWG:§2.4, (b) Nielsen2012's own two examples (inuarsuk, unaavarsuk) both match that general rule (plain truncation; phonotactic /v/-epenthesis) exactly, and (c) the one outlier is MOFO's own admitted unresolved case, not a source-confirmed synchronic irregularity, left_sandhi:truncative is asserted here (matching N_araq_N's precedent) rather than the more hedged 'irregular' enum value; the saarullivarsuk outlier is recorded here rather than silently smoothed over.", "This repo already has an unrelated-in-word-class sibling entry, V_aqcuk_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, AITWG-Affixes:p.39, underlying_form '-arsup', 'to Vb half-heartedly') -- MOFO's own page for this N-to-N affix cross-references it as 'a somewhat related meaning' verbal variant, V{-aqcuk}V. Not conflated here: different word class (V->V, not N->N), different citation form (-arsup vs. -arsuk), and V_aqcuk_Vb's own entry is sourced from AITWG-Affixes alone, with no MOFO citation -- confirmed by reading that entry directly rather than treating the shared root as evidence of collision.", "morphology_class's specific declension-paradigm claim (ABS.sg -arsuk, ERG.sg -arsuup, ERG.pl -arsuit -- plain /k/-deletion before vowel-initial endings, no gemination or metathesis) is sourced from MOFO's own inflection table only; no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 paradigm was found for this specific affix (Nielsen2012's own ÷arsuk entry gives gloss and two examples but no further-inflection forms). The CLASS itself -- an ordinary regular k-stem, up-declined -- is independently and generally grounded by AITWG:§6.4/§6.7 and already mirrors this repo's own arfak/N_ttialak_N precedent for the identical MOFO facet pairing; only the specific surface forms rest on MOFO alone, the same 'general rule certain, this-affix's-application MOFO-only' evidentiary situation already accepted for e.g. N_kuuvik_N's boundary_behavior." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a small, poor, or pathetic ___ (often affectionate)", "da": "en lille, stakkels eller ynkelig ___ (ofte kærligt ment, ikke nedsættende)", "en_short": "a small, poor, or pathetic ___", "da_short": "en lille, stakkels eller ynkelig ___", "composition": { "en": "small, poor, or pathetic ___", "da": "lille, stakkels eller ynkelig ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as small, poor, or pathetic -- but, per MOFO's own text (echoing this whole nominal-modifier chapter's general 'negative meaning' affixes), can equally be used in an endearing sense. Kleinschmidt's own gloss (cited via MOFO) frames the core sense slightly differently: 'an N outside the rule, not one of the ordinary ones', especially common in animal and place names -- consistent with, but narrower than, the 'poor/pathetic' gloss both Nielsen2012 and MOFO otherwise give.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inuarsuk", "natural": "a poor/wretched person (independently attested by both Nielsen2012 -- 'et sølle menneske' -- and MOFO, which cites Oqaatsit 1997; from inuk, 'person'; illustrates left_sandhi:truncative directly, the host's final /k/ deleting)" }, { "surface": "unaavarsuk", "natural": "a miserable/useless harpoon (independently attested by both Nielsen2012 -- 'en elendig harpun' -- and MOFO, which cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 [uses the gloss 'bad/useless harpoon']; from unaaq, 'harpoon'; illustrates the epenthetic /v/ after this long-vowel-final host, AITWG:§2.5)" }, { "surface": "aalisagaarsuk", "natural": "a wretched fish (Oqaatsit1997:-arsuk#e2660: en elendig fisk; the smallness interpretation is MOFO's qualification)" }, { "surface": "maliarsuk", "natural": "a small wave in the suffix example (Oqaatsit1997:-arsuk#e2660); the standalone headword Oqaatsit1997:maliarsuk#e7259 instead gives a medium-sized wave. Retain this lexical sense difference." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§2.5", "MOFO:nn/-aqcuk", "Oqaatsit1997:-arsuk#e2660", "Oqaatsit1997:-varsuk#e18689", "Oqaatsit1997:maliarsuk#e7259" ], "id": "N_arsuk_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_galuaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "otherwise N; something that would have been N (used after the passive participle V_taq_N or nominal future N_kcaq_N, with possessive endings)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_galuaq_N:26b7d5328816", "items": [ { "text": "otherwise N; something that would have been N (used after the passive participle V_taq_N or nominal future N_kcaq_N, with possessive endings)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.5" ], "rationale": "Nielsen2012 §5.5.3.5 distinguishes otherwise-given and otherwise-to-be-received examples; preserve the revised gloss as one uncertain review unit rather than infer structured alternatives." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ralua", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{galuaq}N, one of three variants sharing the same root: V{galuaq}V ('although/counterfactual Vb', a V->V sentential affix, this repo's V_galuaq_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml) and V{galuaq}N ('former N', attaching after the copula affixes N{-u}V/N{-gə}V, this repo's V_galuaq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml). This entry closes a gap V_galuaq_N's own notes explicitly flagged as unmodeled: 'Kleinschmidt also records a further variant attaching directly onto N{kcaq}N or the passive participle V{-ðaq}N ... MOFO's own N{galuaq}N -- not modeled here either.' Same root, three genuinely distinct morphotactic variants (per MOFO's own three separate detail pages), not a collision with either sibling.", "boundary_behavior stays at this template's additive default -- MOFO's own left-sandhi facet for this exact entry is 'Default' ('additive, epenthetic or phonotactically truncative; sandhi-behaviour can be inferred directly from the morphemic form'), the identical facet/tooltip already used for V_galuaq_N's own additive override and for N_cuaq_N's unforced additive default; left_sandhi:default records that facet directly rather than forcing a truncative/additive choice.", "The 'Default' facet reflects a genuine two-allomorph split, not separately modeled as allomorphs/a second underlying_form here: MOFO's own top-level 'New orthography' citation ('-ralua, -ralui') is the allomorph following this affix's two obligatory hosts (the passive participle / N_kcaq_N), both weak-q-stem-final -- the host's final /q/ surfaces as /r/ before the affix. MOFO's own declension-pattern table separately shows a plain additive '+galua/+galu' allomorph used when the affix instead follows an already-vowel-final host (e.g. an already-possessed passive-participle form) -- directly illustrated by Nielsen2012's own tunniussaa (already-possessed, vowel-final) -> tunniussagaluaa example below, contrasted with MOFO's own tunniussaq (unpossessed, q-final) -> tunniussaralua. underlying_form here cites the '-ralua' allomorph since ALL FOUR of MOFO's own cited examples, and Nielsen2012's own pissaraluara, use it -- the primary citation environment for this specific affix, unlike sibling V_galuaq_N's vowel/schwa-final copula-affix hosts, where '-galuaq'/'+galuaq' is primary instead.", "right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision is MOFO's own literal top-level facet label for this entry ('Right sandhi: /aq/ drop', tooltip: 'Final /aq/ is dropped before vowel-initial endings and aq-deleting affixes'), the same enum value and reasoning already established for sibling V_galuaq_N and for N_cuaq_N above.", "inflection_sandhi:irregular is MOFO's own separate 'Declension sandhi: Irregular' facet on this entry's own declension-pattern table (tooltip: 'Irregular changes in the stem, see declension examples') -- the same value already used for sibling V_galuaq_N's own MOFO page.", "RESTRICTION, independently corroborated: MOFO's own description states this affix 'can only be used when following the passive participle ... or the nominal future affix N{kcaq}N' and 'is only used with possessive endings'. Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.5 independently states the identical restriction for its own headword '+galuaq 2' (filed under its own '5.5.3.5 Irreelt N; ikke N' heading, 'unreal/counterfactual N; not N'): 'ellers N; kun efter passivt participium (§5.5.1.2) og fremtid ({÷ssaq}), og kun med personendelse' ('otherwise N; only after the passive participle and the future, and only with a possessive ending') -- an exact independent match on both obligatory hosts AND the possessive-only restriction, not merely a shared gloss. This is what grounds core-tier placement (CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative hybrid-by-tier policy) rather than the MOFO-derived tail file, matching this repo's established precedent for other narrowly-distributed-but-independently-corroborated affixes (e.g. deverbal_nouns.yaml's V_sooq_N/V_ti_N).", "AITWG-Affixes gap flagged, not silently filled: docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md only documents the OTHER two galuaq variants (N{gəgaluaq}N via N{-gə}V, and N{-ugaluaq}N via N{-u}V) -- both already modeled as this repo's V_galuaq_N -- and does not separately document this passive-participle/nominal-future-based N{galuaq}N variant. No AITWG-Affixes citation is used for this entry as a result; grepped all of docs/affixlist/ for 'galuaq'/'ralua', confirmed no other hit.", "Bjornum2012 (docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md l.536-539, and 4-nominer.md l.236) documents '+galuaq/-raluaq/+kaluaq' as a single 'v-n' (verb-to-noun) headword, exemplified only with verb-attaching hosts (pulaarpoq -> pulaaraluaq, sinippoq -> sinikkaluaq) -- the same V_galuaq_N sense, not clearly distinguished there from this entry's own passive-participle/nominal-future-only sense. Not cited here as independent corroboration for this specific N->N variant, to avoid overclaiming; Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.5 alone grounds core-tier placement.", "OPEN DISCREPANCY, recorded not resolved: Nielsen2012's own tunniussaa -> tunniussagaluaa example (built on an already-possessed, vowel-final host, taking the additive '+galuaq' allomorph per the account above) shows a /g/ where MOFO's own tunniussaq -> tunniussaralua example (built on the unpossessed, q-final host, taking the '-ralua' allomorph) shows an /r/ -- consistent with the two-allomorph account above (different hosts, different allomorph), not a contradiction, but the exact surface derivation of 'tunniussagaluaa' from an already-possessed 'tunniussaa' is not independently worked out step-by-step here; recorded as-is rather than smoothed over.", "FILE PLACEMENT: nominal_modifiers.yaml chosen over nominal_extenders.yaml because this affix's closest semantic siblings already in this repo's data -- N_kcaq_N ('future N') and N_ssamaaq_N ('intended N') -- both live there, and both map to Nielsen2012's own immediately-adjacent §5.5.3.6 ('Forhenværende og fremtidig N'), one section after this affix's own §5.5.3.5 ('Irreelt N; ikke N') in the same book chapter. No genuine uncertainty found on this call." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something otherwise ___; something that would have been ___", "en_short": "something otherwise ___; something that would have been ___", "da": "noget der ellers er ___; noget der ellers skulle have været ___", "da_short": "noget der ellers er eller skulle have været ___", "composition": { "en": "something otherwise ___; something that would have been ___", "da": "noget der ellers er ___; noget der ellers skulle have været ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "up" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Expresses an otherwise or counterfactual interpretation after a passive participle or nominal future, with a possessive ending. Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.5 contrasts tunniussagaluaa, something he has otherwise given away, with pissaraluara, something I would otherwise have received. The source does not require every event to have failed to occur.", "examples": [ { "surface": "pissaraluara", "natural": "something I would otherwise have received (built on the dummy root {pi}N + the nominal future N_kcaq_N + this affix + 1sg possessive; the IDENTICAL surface word is independently attested by both MOFO, citing Kleinschmidt 1871, and Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.5, glossed 'det jeg ellers skulle have' -- 'that which I should otherwise have had')" }, { "surface": "toqqortaralua", "natural": "something he would otherwise have stored (MOFO's own example, citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from toqqortaq, 'something stored', a lexicalised passive-participle form)" }, { "surface": "najugassaraluara", "natural": "the place where I would otherwise have lived (MOFO's own example, citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, from najugaq 'residence' + the nominal future N_kcaq_N + 1sg possessive)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.5" ], "id": "N_galuaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_kullak_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a rather big N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kullak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "K-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all /kŋpqr/-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, matching the same established treatment as this file's other k-initial 'rather big N' siblings N_kkataaq_N and N_kkallak_N.", "This is precisely the Nielsen2012 §5.5.3.1 'kullak' headword that N_kkallak_N's own note explicitly declines as a match for ITSELF (form mismatch: single-/k/ /u/-vowel 'kullak' vs. that entry's double-/kk/ /a/-vowel 'kkallak') -- it is not a match for N_kkallak_N, but it is an exact match (form, gloss, and declension pattern) for this entry, which did not previously exist. Not found in AITWG-Affixes' own affix list (docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md, 4-nominal-modifiers.md) or in the Bjornum2012 extracts searched.", "MOFO (N{-kutlak}N, new orthography -kullak, phonemic -kutlak) documents the same affix under two historical senses: Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 glosses it 'clumsy/ugly N' (MOFO notes this sense 'may not be productive nowadays'), while Oqaatsit 1997 gives 'big N', which MOFO calls the presumably-productive modern sense -- matching Nielsen2012's own single, current gloss ('en temmelig stor N', 'a rather big N') used as this entry's meaning. The older 'clumsy/ugly' sense (MOFO examples issusuukullak, Maaliakullak) is not modeled here.", "Truncative behaviour is directly attested: q-final host stems drop the q before the affix (MOFO: qeqertaq -> qeqertakullak, ujaraq -> ujarakullak; Nielsen2012: taleq -> talikullai, se §6.1.2 for that exclamative-plural form's own further inflection, not analyzed here). A vowel-final host attaches directly (MOFO: Maalia -> Maaliakullak; Nielsen2012: Ole -> Olekullak)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a rather big ___", "da": "en temmelig stor ___", "en_short": "a rather big ___", "da_short": "en temmelig stor ___", "composition": { "en": "rather big ___", "da": "temmelig stor ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Derives a noun meaning a fairly large/big version of the base noun -- the same 'moderate degree of bigness' sense as this file's N_kkataaq_N and N_kkallak_N, but a genuinely distinct form (single /k/, /u/-vowel) from both of those (double /kk/, /a/-vowel), independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 rather than AITWG-Affixes (which does not list this form).", "examples": [ { "surface": "angutikullak", "natural": "a rather big man (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; 'big' here likely means 'chubby' rather than 'tall')" }, { "surface": "illukullak", "natural": "a rather large house (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997)" }, { "surface": "qeqertakullak", "natural": "a rather big island (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997)" }, { "surface": "ujarakullak", "natural": "a rather big rock (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997)" }, { "surface": "Olekullak", "natural": "giant Ole (Nielsen2012's own example, §5.5.3.1; from the personal name Ole)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "MOFO:nn/kutlak" ], "id": "N_kullak_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_lliqpaaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "the very N-most (an intensified, extra-emphatic degree of a directional noun's spatial-superlative sense, e.g. 'the very outermost/innermost/furthest back'; restricted to a small, largely lexicalized set of directional nouns; per Bjornum2012, no longer productive)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_lliqpaaq_N:3ee53694621c", "items": [ { "text": "the very N-most (an intensified, extra-emphatic degree of a directional noun's spatial-superlative sense, e.g. 'the very outermost/innermost/furthest back'; restricted to a small, largely lexicalized set of directional nouns; per Bjornum2012, no longer productive)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§4b", "AITWG:§12.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+llerpaaq", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION -- do not confuse with this repo's existing V_nerpaaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml, +nerpaaq, 'the most V-ing'): the two happen to share the '-paaq' tail and both mark an intensified superlative, but V_nerpaaq_N attaches to VERBS (V{nəQ}N{paaq}N chain) while this entry attaches to already-superlative directional NOUNS. MOFO's own facet page for this affix explicitly cross-references V{nəqpaaq}N as a 'See also', confirming the two are recognized as distinct-but-parallel constructions, not the same morpheme.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2 lists related directional headwords +llerpaaq and ÷rlerpaaq/÷rlersaq. Its tunullerpaaq and tunorlerpaaq share the base tunu and the gloss allerbagerst. This establishes two printed constructions on that base, not unrestricted interchangeability on every directional host. Preserve each citation spelling, join notation and example separately.", "left_sandhi/right_sandhi/inflection_sandhi/morphology_class are deliberately left unset: this affix's own facet page in the MOFO mirror (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/(l)liqpaaq.html; paraphrased here, not quoted, and not cited as MOFO: provenance per this file's citation convention of reserving that prefix for MOFO-only tail entries) describes left sandhi as inherited from the base (l)liq morpheme and co-lists three facets for it (Default / ə-eliding / Irregular) rather than one clean value, and right sandhi as inherited from paaq ('/aq/ drop'). No independent (non-MOFO) inflected-paradigm evidence for THIS affix's own declension was found in the Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 extracts searched -- Bjornum2012:K4§4b states instead that 'the remaining affixes decline like the corresponding ones in 1st comparison', i.e. like this repo's own V_nerpaaq_N/V_nersaq_N sibling pair, which for the identical reason likewise leave these same fields unset. Matching that established precedent rather than force-fitting an enum value onto mixed/absent evidence.", "Host restriction remains the lexicalized directional extrema formed with N{(l)liq}N / N{(q)liq}N, already documented as N_lliq_N. AITWG:§12.3 explicitly permits N{(q)paaq}N on these spatial comparatives, and Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2 and Bjornum2012:K4§4b independently document the directional family. The former missing-base claim is stale; this owner link does not make the closed directional set or its irregular formations freely productive.", "Non-productivity: Bjornum2012:K4§4b states explicitly of this whole +(r)leq/+(r)lerpaaq/+(r)lersaq family, 'Der er tale om et begrænset antal leksikaliserede gloser, og affikserne er næppe produktive mere' (this concerns a limited number of lexicalized glosses, and the affixes are hardly productive any longer) -- independent confirmation of limited productivity even though MOFO's own page for this specific entry does not itself carry the Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag (checked directly; absent)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the very ___-most", "da": "det allermest ___ (forstærket superlativ; kun i en lille, fast gruppe retningsord)", "en_short": "the very ___-most", "da_short": "det allermest ___", "composition": { "en": "very ___-most", "da": "allermest ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an intensified 'very' degree on top of an already-superlative directional noun. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates the affix with four examples across two of its own sections, including one (isorlerpaaq) that happens to match MOFO's own cited example in both surface form and gloss -- a strong cross-source confirmation, though MOFO itself is not cited as provenance here per this file's convention.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tunullerpaaq", "natural": "the very furthest back (Nielsen2012's example, from tunu, 'the back side'; the plus-marked '+llerpaaq' citation form)" }, { "surface": "tunorlerpaaq", "natural": "the very furthest back (Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2, from tunu, the back side; listed under ÷rlerpaaq/÷rlersaq, separately from tunullerpaaq under +llerpaaq)" }, { "surface": "isorlerpaaq", "natural": "the very outermost (Nielsen2012's example, §6.5.4, from isu, 'the end')" }, { "surface": "ilorlersaq", "natural": "the very innermost (Nielsen2012's example, from ilu, 'the inside'; cited under the same shared '÷rlerpaaq/÷rlersaq' headword as tunorlerpaaq above -- the -rlersaq citation variant of the same affix)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§4b", "AITWG:§12.3" ], "id": "N_lliqpaaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_ngaatsiaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "quite a big N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngaatsiaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Models MOFO's own listed morpheme N{-ŋaatciaq}N (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/-ŋaatciaq.html, New orthography '-ngaatsiaq', citing Fortescue1983/MF83), which MOFO's own page describes as 'a straightforward combination of the nominal variants of affixes N{-ŋaaq}N and N{tciaq}N' -- i.e. this repo's own already-existing N_ngaaq_N ('considerable/large N') plus the tciaq/tsiaq constituent already modeled as this repo's own N_ttiaq_N ('a middling or fair-sized N', both kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml). Independently and directly corroborated as a real, lexicalized combination -- not just by MOFO's own Fortescue1983 citation -- by AITWG-Affixes' own text, which documents the identical combination in prose within its own N{-ŋaaq}N headword (chapter 4, printed p.18): 'When used in combination with the affix N{(a)ttiaq}N described below ⟹ N{ŋaattiaq}N (quite a big N).' This repo's own existing N_ngaaq_N entry already flagged this exact combination in its own notes, deliberately left unmodeled there ('recorded here in prose only, not as a cross-reference to a specific YAML ID') -- this entry fills that gap with its own dedicated ID, per the MOFO Full-Parity Initiative's scope of modeling MOFO's own atomic-morpheme inventory (MOFO files -ŋaatciaq under affix/nn/, not under Combinations/, treating it as its own citable entry despite being historically compositional).", "Spelling: AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form for the combination doubles the /t/ (N{ŋaattiaq}N), while MOFO's own bracket form uses its phonemic /c/ (N{-ŋaatciaq}N) -- both respell to the identical modern citation form -ngaatsiaq under the tt(bracket)/c(bracket) -> ts(citation) spelling convention already documented repeatedly elsewhere in this repo (N_ttiaq_N, N_ttialak_N, N_ssiaq_N, N_usaq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml's V_ttiaq_Vb/V_llattiaq_Vb). MOFO's own 'New orthography' field independently confirms the same citation spelling, -ngaatsiaq, character-for-character -- used here as underlying_form and as the basis for this entry's ID.", "left_sandhi:truncative is grounded the same way as N_ngaaq_N's own: this affix's own initial segment is /ŋ/, directly covered by AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all affixes beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative, no exception clause). MOFO's own 'Left sandhi: Truncative' facet (tooltip: 'vowel-initial, /kŋrq/ initial, most /l/ initial') independently agrees. No worked example showing a host's final consonant actually deleting before this specific combined affix was found in any source checked; this rests on the general rule only, the same evidentiary situation already accepted for N_ngaaq_N itself.", "right_sandhi:none matches MOFO's own 'Right sandhi: Default/none' facet and N_ngaaq_N's own right_sandhi:none.", "morphology_class mirrors N_ttiaq_N's own values (stem_type:uvular_deleting_stem / declension_class:p / strength:weak) rather than asserting anything new, because MOFO's own page states outright that this compound's further-inflection behaviour is 'inherited from the right-most component, N{tciaq}N' (i.e. this repo's own N_ttiaq_N) -- directly matching MOFO's own separate 'Stem type(s): Weak q-stem' facet for this entry. inflection_sandhi is deliberately left unset here, for the identical reason already established on N_ttiaq_N's own entry: MOFO's own 'Inflection sandhi: Geminating' facet for this page (tooltip: 'a sound doubles in the stem when consonant-initial endings are affixed') describes, per N_ttiaq_N's own independently-sourced Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 paradigm data (umiatsiaq/umiatsiaap/umiatsiaat, a doubled /a/), a VOWEL-gemination pattern -- outside the established CONSONANT-only scope this repo's inflection_sandhi:geminating enum already carries elsewhere (amiq/taliq/ukaliq/anori/N_araq_N/N_toqaq_N, all consonant doubling). Now encoded instead as morphology_class.vowel_gemination (issue #427), mirroring N_ttiaq_N's own scope:majority value: MOFO's explicit 'inherited from the right-most component' statement is itself the evidence for reusing N_ttiaq_N's own vowel/scope pair here, not an independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 attestation of this specific combined affix -- see the 'no worked N-to-N example' note below for that gap.", "Sibling, NOT this entry: MOFO's own page also names a verbal counterpart, V{-ŋaatciaq}V ('Subject Vb quite a lot'), built on the verbal variants of the same two constituents -- a different word-class affix (V-to-V, not V-to-N), modeled as V_ngaatsiar_Vb in kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates that the same 'quite a lot/big' combined morpheme is real and productive in the language via its own sibling verbal-degree entry, '÷ngaatsiar-' ('vb-e ret meget', 'verb quite a lot'; docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/5.3.3-verbalgraduerende-tilhaeng.md), with its own worked example angivoq ('it is big') -> angingaatsiarpoq ('it is quite big') -- confirming the same phonological-and-semantic core productively via an independent, non-MOFO, non-AITWG-Affixes source, but via the VERBAL sibling rather than this entry's own nominal sense; not cited as direct attestation of the N-to-N sense itself (that rests on AITWG-Affixes alone), the same 'corroborating, not identical' treatment already used for e.g. N_sunni_N's own Bjornum2012 citation.", "No worked N-to-N example was found in any of the three sources checked: MOFO's own page gives none (its 'Meanings and examples' accordion is empty), AITWG-Affixes states the combination rule without a worked example, and Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 attest only the sibling verbal form noted above -- no example is fabricated here, matching this repo's own N_ngaaq_N precedent for the identical evidentiary gap." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "quite a big ___", "da": "en ret stor ___", "en_short": "quite a big ___", "da_short": "en ret stor ___", "composition": { "en": "quite big ___", "da": "ret stor ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "vowel_gemination": { "vowel": "a", "scope": "majority" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Intensifies a noun to mean 'quite a big N' -- a fusion of this repo's own N_ngaaq_N ('considerable/large N') and N_ttiaq_N ('a middling/fair-sized N'), listed by MOFO as its own atomic entry and independently corroborated as a real combination by AITWG-Affixes' own text. No worked example is given in any source consulted (MOFO, AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012, Bjornum2012); none is fabricated here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.18", "AITWG:§2.4", "MOFO:nn/-ŋaatciaq" ], "id": "N_ngaatsiaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_nnguakkuluk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a poor, pitiful little N (a pitying, sometimes compassionate tone)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_nnguakkuluk_N:e8a4685a29e8", "items": [ { "text": "a poor, pitiful little N (a pitying, sometimes compassionate tone)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "MOFO:nn/ŋŋuakkuluk" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnguakkuluk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is N{ŋŋuakkuluk}N, glossed as a 'combined affix' fused from two independently-listed MOFO constituents, N{ŋŋuaq}N ('small/dear N', this repo's own N_nnguaq_N, same file) + N{kkuluk}N. MOFO distinguishes this from its related -kuluk form, represented here by N_kuluk_N, which also cites Nielsen's ÷(k)kuluk. Whether the separate kkuluk constituent is fully represented by that owner remains unresolved. MOFO states the combination is productive in this pitying sense 'unlike its constituent N{kkuluk}N, which does not seem to be much used (or used at all) except in this combination'. Despite being compositional, MOFO catalogues this as its own numbered morpheme with its own detail page under Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/ (not filed under Morphemes/Combinations/, which this initiative's own CLAUDE.md scope note treats as compounds rather than atomic morphemes) -- treated here as a genuinely separate MOFO-catalogued entry, not a collision with N_nnguaq_N.", "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3 (grouped in its own 'God, pæn, sød, slem eller stakkels N' -- 'good, nice, sweet, bad, or poor N' -- section, immediately adjacent to its own ÷nnaarisaq/÷nnguaraarsuk entries): its own headword '÷nnguakkuluk, stakkels lille N; plur. ÷nnguakkuluit' (poor little N; plural ÷nnguakkuluit) matches MOFO's own gloss ('poor, pitiful N') closely, and supplies a worked example (meeraq -> meerannguakkuluk, below) independent of any of MOFO's own five cited example words -- a genuinely separate attestation, not a repetition of MOFO's own examples, which is why this entry is drafted as CORE tier (independently corroborated) rather than tail/MOFO-only, per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative hybrid-by-tier policy. No AITWG-Affixes (docs/affixlist/3-nominal-extenders.md, 4-nominal-modifiers.md) or Bjornum2012 match was found (grepped both extract trees for 'kkuluk'/'nguakkuluk' -- no hits).", "left_sandhi:truncative: MOFO's own 'Left sandhi: Default' facet states this affix's sandhi behaviour 'can be inferred directly from the morphemic form' -- the affix is ŋ-initial (a geminate /ŋŋ/ onset), directly covered by AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule that all affixes beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative, the same reasoning already grounding this repo's other ŋ-initial siblings N_ngaaq_N/N_ngajak_N/N_ngusaq_N/N_nnguaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml). Directly confirmed by real data on BOTH sides: MOFO's own iliarsuk ('orphan', k-final) -> iliarsunnguakkuluk and najak ('younger sister', k-final) -> najannguakkuluk show the host's final /k/ deleting before this affix attaches; Nielsen2012's own independent meeraq ('child', q-final) -> meerannguakkuluk shows the same deletion on a /q/-final host. MOFO's own angut ('man', t-final) -> angutinnguakkuluk instead shows the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/ rule already documented on several sibling entries in this file (e.g. N_ttialak_N), not evidence against left_sandhi:truncative.", "right_sandhi:none and inflection_sandhi:none directly transcribe MOFO's own top-level facets for this entry ('Right sandhi: Default/none', 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none') -- distinct from the ghost_aq_elision inherited-from-ŋŋuaq pattern MOFO documents on the related combined entries N{-kuluŋŋuaq}N and N{-piluŋŋuaq}N (both drafted elsewhere in this same batch): unlike those, this affix's own final syllable is -kkuluk (k-final), not -aq-final, so there is no {aq} to elide.", "Stem type: MOFO's own page states 'Stem type(s): Regular k-stem' directly for this entry -- mapped to this repo's stem_type:velar_retaining_stem per the mapping already established and used by this file's own N_kuluk_N and N_kullak_N entries (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml / nominal_modifiers.yaml) for the identical MOFO facet label; declension_class:up and strength:regular follow the same established precedent. Nielsen2012's own plural citation, ÷nnguakkuluit (i.e. -nnguakkuluk + -it, with the /k/ dropping before the vowel-initial plural ending), is consistent with this ordinary k-stem pattern.", "See also: MOFO's own page cross-references N{-kuluŋŋuaq}N, the semantically REVERSED combination (kuluk + nnguaq, in the opposite order) which signals an endearing rather than pitying tone -- drafted separately elsewhere in this same batch as N_kulunnguaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, tail-tier, MOFO-only), whose own notes already flag this exact affix (as 'ŋŋuakkuluk') as the reversed sibling. Not the same morpheme; noted for cross-reference only.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.kkuluk#e9832 explicitly gives .nnguakkuluk with a pitying meaning and prints inunnguakkuluk-una. Preserve the complete enclitic-bearing word as printed; it is not a bare unpossessed suffix citation. Oqaatsit1997:-nnguakkuluk#e9881 independently prints angutinnguakkuluk, iliarsunnguakkuluk, najannguakkuluk and qinusunnguakkuluk with corresponding pitying glosses. These exact witnesses corroborate the combination without establishing identity of every kuluk/kkuluk constituent use." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a poor, pitiful little ___", "da": "en stakkels, ynkelig lille ___", "en_short": "a poor, pitiful little ___", "da_short": "en stakkels, ynkelig lille ___", "composition": { "en": "poor, pitiful little ___", "da": "stakkels, ynkelig lille ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as poor or pitiful, with a definite pitying (and sometimes compassionate) tone -- the diminutive N_nnguaq_N ('small/dear N') combined with the otherwise-unproductive N{kkuluk}N to soften into pity rather than N_nnguaq_N's own more neutral 'small/cute' sense. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates both the meaning and the attachment pattern with its own '÷nnguakkuluk' entry, immediately adjacent to its ÷ngusaq/÷nnaaq/÷nnguaraarsuk entries in the same §5.5.3.3 section.", "examples": [ { "surface": "meerannguakkuluk", "natural": "poor little child (Nielsen2012's independent example, §5.5.3.3, from meeraq, 'child'; host's final /q/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "angutinnguakkuluk", "natural": "a poor, pitiful man (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997, from angut, 'man'; shows the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/, not this affix's own left-edge sandhi)" }, { "surface": "iliarsunnguakkuluk", "natural": "a poor orphan child (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997, from iliarsuk, 'orphan'; host's final /k/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "najannguakkuluk", "natural": "the poor little sister (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997, from najak, 'younger sister of a woman'; host's final /k/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "qinusunnguakkuluk", "natural": "a poor, pitiful person asking for something (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997, from qinusoq, 'one who asks for something')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "MOFO:nn/ŋŋuakkuluk", "Oqaatsit1997:-nnguakkuluk#e9881", "Kleinschmidt1871:.kkuluk#e9832" ], "id": "N_nnguakkuluk_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_tsiarsuaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a good N (favorable/attractive quality); a fusion of 'fair-sized' and 'big', apparently emphatic rather than strictly compositional", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_tsiarsuaq_N:6d41c7e0107c", "items": [ { "text": "a good N (favorable/attractive quality); a fusion of 'fair-sized' and 'big', apparently emphatic rather than strictly compositional", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nn/tciaqcuaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tsiarsuaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/tciaqcuaq.html, bracket N{tciaqcuaq}N) analyzes this as a fused combination of two affixes already independently modeled in this repo: N{tciaq}N ('fair-sized', = this repo's own N_ttiaq_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, underlying_form -tsiaq) + N{(q)cuaq}N ('big', = this repo's own N_cuaq_N, same file, underlying_form +(r)suaq) -- MOFO's own prose adds that the second component is 'presumably in a sense of emphasis here', i.e. the combined meaning ('a good N') is not strictly compositional from 'fair-sized' + 'big'. MOFO gives this its own dedicated, non-Combinations detail page (filed under /Morphemes/kl/affix/nn/, not /Morphemes/Combinations/, which CLAUDE.md's initiative scope explicitly excludes as compounds-not-atomic-morphemes) -- treated here as its own citable entry rather than modeled as two stacked affixes, matching the precedent this same batch already set for MOFO's other tciaq-compound pages (N_atsiaq_N, N_minaatsiaq_N, N_ngaatsiaq_N -- all similarly historically compositional but each given its own MOFO detail page, and each drafted as its own repo entry).", "left_sandhi:truncative is inherited from the left-most constituent, N_ttiaq_N, whose own bracket form N{(a)ttiaq}N has a phonotactically truncative geminate /tt/ core (AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4) -- MOFO's own 'Left sandhi: Default' facet for this entry states the sandhi behaviour 'can be inferred directly from the morphemic form', consistent with this inheritance. Neither of this entry's own two Nielsen2012-corroborated examples directly demonstrates a host-final-consonant deletion: angutitsiarsuaq (from angut, t-final) shows the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/ pattern already documented elsewhere in this repo (e.g. N_ttialak_N's own angutitsialak example), not this affix's own left-edge sandhi, and neqitsiarsuaq (from neqi, already vowel-final) needs no truncation to begin with -- so left_sandhi here rests on the inherited-from-N_ttiaq_N structural argument, not a direct worked example of consonant deletion for this specific compound.", "right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision and inflection_sandhi:none are MOFO's own explicitly stated facets for this entry ('Right sandhi: /aq/ drop ... inherited from the right-most component, N{(q)cuaq}N'; 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none'), and match N_cuaq_N's own already-modeled right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision exactly -- the same 'aq disappears before a vowel-initial ending/affix' mechanic, independently grounded repo-wide by AITWG:§6.11's 'aq ghost morpheme' rule (already used for N_cuaq_N, V_galuaq_N, and the naaq stem).", "morphology_class is deliberately left unset: MOFO's own facet page states this whole compound's own stem type is 'Regular q-stem' (tooltip: the stem's final /q/ is removed or retained depending on the attaching ending's own sandhi) -- notably NOT the same facet MOFO gives its own right-most constituent N_cuaq_N alone ('pseudo-q'/strong-q-stem territory per AITWG-Affixes' own text for that entry, modeled here as strength:strong/uvular_weakening_stem). This is a real, MOFO-attested discrepancy between the compound's own declension class and its right-most constituent's, which this entry's own independent source (Nielsen2012, bare gloss + two example words, no declension paradigm) cannot confirm or resolve -- flagged here rather than asserting morphology_class fields on MOFO's single-source facet page alone, matching this repo's own established practice (e.g. N_kuuvik_N, N_ngaaq_N) of leaving morphology_class unset when the evidence is this thin for a core-tier entry.", "MOFO's own text also records a variant with a closely related meaning built from N{ŋŋuaq}N instead of N{(q)cuaq}N, N{tciaŋŋuaq}N (MOFO's own separate detail page) -- Nielsen2012 independently corroborates the existence of this exact sibling form with its own adjacent '÷tsiannguaq' entry ('god lille (brugbar) N', 'good little (usable) N'), in the same §5.5.3.3 section as this entry's own '÷tsiarsuaq' headword. Modeled as its own entry, N_ttiannguaq_N, below in this same file." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a good ___ (favorable/attractive quality)", "en_short": "a good ___", "da": "en god ___ (positiv/tiltalende egenskab)", "da_short": "en god ___", "composition": { "en": "good ___", "da": "god ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "agreement_variants": { "da": { "common_singular": "god", "neuter_singular": "godt", "plural": "gode", "definite": "gode", "possessive": "gode" } } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as good, nice, attractive, or delicious -- MOFO's own gloss is simply 'a good N'. Both of MOFO's own cited example words are independently and exactly corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷tsiarsuaq' entry (§5.5.3.3, glossed 'god, pæn, attraktiv N', 'good, nice, attractive N'), which gives the identical two example words (angutitsiarsuaq, neqitsiarsuaq) under a near-identical Danish gloss -- a strong, independent cross-source match on both meaning and specific attested words, not merely a shared gloss. MOFO also cites the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's remark that the affix is 'of something desired, but not got', though flags that it is unclear whether this holds for all of its own examples.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angutitsiarsuaq", "natural": "a handsome man (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; independently and exactly corroborated by Nielsen2012's own identical example word, glossed 'en flot fyr')" }, { "surface": "neqitsiarsuaq", "natural": "the good/delicious meat (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; independently and exactly corroborated by Nielsen2012's own identical example word, glossed 'det dejlige kød')" }, { "surface": "qisutsiarsuaq", "natural": "a good piece of wood (directly attested in Oqaatsit1997:-tsiarsuaq#e17542)" }, { "surface": "tuttutsiarsuaq", "natural": "a nice reindeer (Oqaatsit1997:-tsiarsuaq#e17542 gives et dejligt rensdyr; the more specific delicious interpretation is MOFO's conjecture)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nn/tciaqcuaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.15855", "Oqaatsit1997:-tsiarsuaq#e17542" ], "id": "N_tsiarsuaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_ttiannguaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a good, useful little N (a settled, fused sense distinct from either constituent affix alone)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_ttiannguaq_N:954d9b9053fa", "items": [ { "text": "a good, useful little N (a settled, fused sense distinct from either constituent affix alone)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "MOFO:nn/tciaŋŋuaq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tsiannguaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "notes": [ "This is the combination of two affixes already modeled separately in this repo: N_ttiaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, AITWG-Affixes' own N{(a)ttiaq}N, '-tsiaq', 'a middling or fair-sized N') and N_nnguaq_N (same file, N{ŋŋuaq}N, '-nnguaq', 'a cute/sweet/dear little N; a small N'). AITWG-Affixes' own text documents the combination directly, inside its (a)ttiaq headword itself (docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md, printed p.19): 'Also used in combination with N{ŋŋuaq}N ⟹ N{(a)ttiaŋŋuaq}N (good little/usable N).' This is independently corroborated as its OWN separate headword by Nielsen2012 (§5.5.3.3, '÷tsiannguaq', 'god lille (brugbar) N' -- 'a good little (usable) N', an almost word-for-word match to AITWG-Affixes' own gloss), sitting immediately adjacent in that source to its own ÷tsialak entry (already this repo's N_ttialak_N). Because it carries its own independent, separately-headworded attestation rather than being purely a compositional aside, it is authored here as its own entry -- matching the precedent already set by N_tuuq_big_N/N_tuuq_language_N (separately headworded despite a shared citation form) -- rather than folded into N_ttiaq_N's or N_nnguaq_N's own notes.", "MOFO independently catalogs the identical combination as its own entry (MOFO id 'tciaŋŋuaq', bracket form N{tciaŋŋuaq}N, new orthography -tsiannguaq, citing Oqaatsit 1997 and Schultz-Lorentzen 1958). MOFO's own page states explicitly this is 'a combination of N{tciaq}N, fair-sized, and N{ŋŋuaq}N, (cute) small'; MOFO's own separate N{tciaq}N page was read directly and confirmed identical to this repo's own N_ttiaq_N (same citation -tsiaq, same 'a fair-sized N' gloss, same weak-q-stem/a-gemination declension) -- MOFO's phonemic 'tc' bracket spelling and AITWG-Affixes' orthographic 'tt' bracket spelling are two notations for the same affix, both surfacing as 'ts'. Two of MOFO's own cited example words (illutsiannguaq 'a nice house', savitsiannguaq 'a usable knife') are the IDENTICAL surface words independently given by Nielsen2012 (glossed there 'et pænt hus', 'en brugbar kniv' -- closely matching translations), and a third (angutitsiannguaq, MOFO's 'a handsome man' vs. Nielsen2012's 'en god lille mand', 'a good little man') is the same word with a closely related gloss -- a strong three-way cross-source match on the same lexical facts, not just a shared abstract gloss, which is why this is treated as core rather than a MOFO-only tail entry despite MOFO being the entry point for this research.", "left_sandhi:truncative is inherited from both constituent affixes (N_ttiaq_N and N_nnguaq_N each already carry left_sandhi:truncative in this repo's data) and directly confirmed by Nielsen2012's own savik ('knife', k-final) -> savitsiannguaq example, showing the host's final /k/ deleted before this affix attaches -- the identical surface word, with a matching gloss, is independently cited by MOFO itself (citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958), a cross-source match on the same morphological fact.", "right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision: MOFO's own page states plainly 'Right sandhi is inherited from the right-most component, N{ŋŋuaq}N' -- and N_nnguaq_N already carries exactly this value in this repo's data, itself independently grounded there via AITWG:§6.11 and Nielsen2012 (not MOFO alone). Applied here by the same direct structural-inheritance reasoning this repo already uses for other fused/combined forms (e.g. N_rujuk_N's -rujukcuaq combination with N_cuaq_N).", "inflection_sandhi is deliberately left unset here, mirroring N_nnguaq_N's own entry: MOFO's page for this combined form itself says inflection sandhi is 'inherited from the right-most component, N{ŋŋuaq}N', and N_nnguaq_N's own entry already declines to assert an inflection_sandhi enum value (see that entry's own note on why -- the attested paradigm data doesn't cleanly support the 'irregular' label MOFO uses elsewhere for this pattern). The same caution is extended here rather than asserting a value on inherited say-so alone.", "angutitsiannguaq (Nielsen2012's own third example, also independently attested by MOFO as 'a handsome man') shows the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/ rule (angut + i + tsiannguaq) already documented on this repo's N_ttialak_N (angutitsialak) and several sibling entries in this same file -- a host-side rule, not evidence of this affix's own sandhi.", "MOFO also documents a near-synonymous variant built with N{(q)cuaq}N, bracket N{tciaqcuaq}N and modern citation -tsiarsuaq; that variant is separately modeled as N_tsiarsuaq_N. Its complex qiorfissatsiannguaq example is described by MOFO as qiorfik 'cutting board' plus the future/irrealis affix modeled here as N_kcaq_N plus -tsiannguaq. The complete word and its sentence are MOFO-reported context; they are not independently admitted as pedagogy examples under this owner in this review." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a good, useful little ___", "da": "en god, brugbar lille ___", "en_short": "a good, useful little ___", "da_short": "en god, brugbar lille ___", "composition": { "en": "good, useful little ___", "da": "god, brugbar lille ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as a good, nice, or usable little version of itself -- a settled, affectionate-leaning sense distinct from either of its own two constituent affixes taken alone (N_ttiaq_N, size-neutral 'fair-sized N'; N_nnguaq_N, quality-neutral 'small/dear N'). Independently corroborated by AITWG-Affixes' own combination note (inside its (a)ttiaq entry) and by Nielsen2012's separately-headworded ÷tsiannguaq entry, both glossing it almost identically; MOFO's own dedicated entry supplies matching example words (see notes above for the cross-source correspondence).", "examples": [ { "surface": "illutsiannguaq", "natural": "a nice house (Nielsen2012's example, from illu, 'house'; the identical word, with a matching gloss, is independently attested by MOFO's own tciaŋŋuaq entry, citing Oqaatsit 1997)" }, { "surface": "savitsiannguaq", "natural": "a usable knife (Nielsen2012's example, from savik, 'knife'; the host's final /k/ deletes, illustrating left_sandhi:truncative; the identical word is independently attested by MOFO, citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)" }, { "surface": "angutitsiannguaq", "natural": "a good little man (Nielsen2012's example, from angut, 'man'; illustrates the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/ rule already documented on N_ttialak_N's own angutitsialak example, not this affix's own sandhi; the same word is independently attested by MOFO, glossed 'a handsome man', citing Oqaatsit 1997)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.19", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "MOFO:nn/tciaŋŋuaq", "Oqaatsit1997:-tsiannguaq#e17540" ], "id": "N_ttiannguaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_pilorujussuaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "an enormously/gigantically big N" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-pilorujussuaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "P-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all affixes beginning in one of /kŋpqr/ are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here.", "No independent source was found for this specific headword after a real search: grepped docs/affixlist/ (Chapters 3-4) and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'pilorujussuaq'/'pilorujuk', zero hits. Rests on Nielsen2012 alone. The surface shape is suggestive of a historical fusion with N_rujuk_N/N_cuaq_N's own '-rujussuaq' combination (see N_rujuk_N), but Nielsen2012 does not itself analyze the form that way, so it is recorded here as its own headword rather than asserted as a stacking of those entries." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "an enormously/gigantically big ___", "da": "en enormt ___; en kæmpestor ___", "en_short": "an enormously big ___; an gigantically big ___", "da_short": "en enormt ___; en kæmpestor ___", "composition": { "en": "enormously big ___; gigantically big ___", "da": "enormt ___; kæmpestor ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as a giant, enormous version of itself. Only one worked example is given in any source consulted; no other example is invented.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nunapilorujussuaq", "natural": "a huge, enormous country (Nielsen2012's example, from nuna, 'land, country')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1" ], "id": "N_pilorujussuaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_nnaarisaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "which is (someone's) favourite N; used only with a possessive ending" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnaarisaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "left_sandhi:truncative is set from a direct worked example, not a general n-initial rule (n- is not on AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/ list): Nielsen2012's own savik ('knife', k-final) -> savinnaarisaa example shows the host's final /k/ deleted before this affix attaches -- the same evidentiary standard already used for this repo's N_nnaq_N entry (same file).", "Possibly historically related to N_nnaq_N ('favourite N', this file) via a further nominalizing element, but no source confirms a clean synchronic decomposition, and Nielsen2012 lists it as its own separate headword in the same §5.5.3.3 section immediately after ÷nnaaq -- drafted here as its own entry rather than force-analyzed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "which is ({{Actor}}'s) favourite ___", "da": "som er (nogens) yndlings-___ (bruges kun med ejestedord)", "en_short": "which is favourite ___", "da_short": "som er yndlings-___", "composition": { "en": "favourite ___", "da": "yndlings-___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as being someone's favourite; per Nielsen2012, only ever used with a possessive/personal ending attached.", "examples": [ { "surface": "savinnaarisaa", "natural": "which is his favourite knife (Nielsen2012's example, from savik, 'knife', shown with the 3sg possessive ending)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "id": "N_nnaarisaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_nnguujuk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "the small, sweet, dear N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_nnguujuk_N:0406d41b8fff", "items": [ { "text": "the small, sweet, dear N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnguujuk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own headword-groups-related-citation-forms pattern is followed here (matching the precedent already used for this file's N_kasik_N and N_nnaq_N entries): Nielsen2012's own headword line lists two forms under one shared gloss, '÷nnguujuk, ÷nnguasik (sydgrønlandsk)' -- the plain form -nnguujuk is used as underlying_form/ID, with -nnguasik recorded as Nielsen2012's own flagged South Greenlandic dialectal variant.", "ŋ-initial affix (geminate /ŋŋ/ onset, respelled -nnguujuk): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all /kŋpqr/-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same reasoning already used for this file's N_nnguaq_N and N_nnguakkuluk_N. Directly confirmed by Nielsen2012's own meeraq ('child', q-final) -> meerannguujuk example, showing the host's final /q/ deleted before this affix attaches.", "angutinnguujuk (from angut, t-final) shows the general t-stem epenthetic-/i/ pattern already documented elsewhere in this file (e.g. N_ttialak_N's angutitsialak), not this affix's own left-edge sandhi." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the small, sweet, dear ___", "da": "den lille, søde, kære ___", "en_short": "the small, sweet, dear ___", "da_short": "den lille, søde, kære ___", "composition": { "en": "small, sweet, dear ___", "da": "lille, søde, kære ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as small, sweet, and dear -- a further-affectionate elaboration on the plainer N_nnguaq_N ('small/cute N', this file). No independent corroboration found in Bjornum2012 or the AITWG-Affixes extracts (grepped both for 'nnguujuk'/'nnguasik', no hits).", "examples": [ { "surface": "unannguujuk", "natural": "the sweet little one (Nielsen2012's example, from una, 'that one'; vowel-final, no truncation needed)" }, { "surface": "meerannguujuk", "natural": "the dear little child (Nielsen2012's example, from meeraq, 'child'; host's final /q/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "angutinnguujuk", "natural": "a dear man (Nielsen2012's example, from angut, 'man'; shows the t-stem epenthetic /i/)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "id": "N_nnguujuk_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_palaavissuaq_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a dreadful, terrible N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_palaavissuaq_N:a00617c5a23c", "items": [ { "text": "a dreadful, terrible N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-palaavissuaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "p-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all /kŋpqr/-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same reasoning as this file's N_palaaq_N and N_pajuk_N (also p-initial).", "Possibly related to N_palaaq_N ('bad/miserable N', this file), paralleling how ÷palaarsuaq is independently documented as N_palaaq_N + N_cuaq_N -- but no source confirms a clean synchronic decomposition of '-vissuaq' into independently attested constituents (no separate 'vissuaq'/'issuaq' headword found elsewhere in Nielsen2012 §5.5, nor in the Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes extracts), so this is drafted as its own headword rather than force-analyzed as a combination." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a dreadful, terrible ___", "da": "en frygtelig, forfærdelig ___", "en_short": "a dreadful, terrible ___", "da_short": "en frygtelig, forfærdelig ___", "composition": { "en": "dreadful, terrible ___", "da": "frygtelig, forfærdelig ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as dreadful or terrible -- an intensified relative of N_palaaq_N's plainer 'bad/miserable N'. Only one worked example is given in Nielsen2012; none is fabricated here.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nipipalaavissuaq", "natural": "a dreadful sound (Nielsen2012's example, from nipi, 'sound')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "id": "N_palaavissuaq_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "N_raarsuk_N": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "a lovely, dear, sweet N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:N_raarsuk_N:d555dc554034", "items": [ { "text": "a lovely, dear, sweet N", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-raarsuk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "r-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket rule (all /kŋpqr/-initial affixes are sandhi-truncative) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, the same reasoning already used for this file's N_rajuk_N, N_ralak_N, and N_rujuk_N (all r-initial). Directly confirmed by Nielsen2012's own arnaq ('woman', q-final) -> arnaraarsuk example, showing the host's final /q/ deleted before this affix attaches.", "angut ('man', t-final) -> anguteraarsuk shows an epenthetic /e/ rather than the /i/ documented on this file's other t-stem examples (e.g. N_ttialak_N's angutitsialak) -- a real, unresolved discrepancy, recorded here rather than smoothed over.", "Distinct from the already-modeled N_arsuk_N ('a small, poor, or pathetic N', this file): different gloss (affectionate/positive here vs. pathetic there) and different citation spelling (-raarsuk vs. -arsuk), not the same morpheme despite the superficial similarity." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a lovely, dear, sweet ___", "da": "en dejlig, kær, sød ___", "en_short": "a lovely, dear, sweet ___", "da_short": "en dejlig, kær, sød ___", "composition": { "en": "lovely, dear, sweet ___", "da": "dejlig, kær, sød ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the host noun as lovely, dear, or sweet; per Nielsen2012, can also be used on its own as an interjection of endearment. No independent corroboration found in Bjornum2012 or the AITWG-Affixes extracts (grepped both for 'raarsuk', no hits).", "examples": [ { "surface": "anguteraarsuk", "natural": "a lovely man (Nielsen2012's example, from angut, 'man'; see note above on the unresolved /e/ epenthesis)" }, { "surface": "arnaraarsuk", "natural": "a lovely woman (Nielsen2012's example, from arnaq, 'woman'; host's final /q/ deletes)" }, { "surface": "anaanaraarsuk", "natural": "oh, how sweet you are, mother! (Nielsen2012's example of the interjection use, from anaana, 'mother')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3" ], "id": "N_raarsuk_N", "category": "nominal_modifiers" } ], "AA_DEMONSTRATIVE": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_prefix", "meaning": "here/there it is; here/there they are (demonstrative attention-pointing prefix)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aa(j)-", "search_forms": [ "aajuna", "aajuku", "aana", "aaku" ], "right_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 explicitly prefixes ordinary demonstrative absolutive singular/plural forms with aa(j); it inserts j before a vowel, as in aajuna and aajuku. Contracted aana and aaku are explicitly attested in footnote 12. Do not confuse this prefix with the demonstrative exclamatory a suffix or the anaphoric ta(c) prefix.", "Nielsen §4.2.1 independently states the prefix and aajuna/aana variation. Its lexical scope is demonstrative pronouns; the shared prefix-template continuation marker does not license unrestricted ordinary nouns. No literal prefix-first worked chain is added because the current chain format requires a stem first." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "here/there it is; here/there they are", "en_short": "here/there it is", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aajuna", "natural": "here it is; that one there" }, { "surface": "aajuku", "natural": "here they are" }, { "surface": "aana", "natural": "here it is (contracted form)" }, { "surface": "aaku", "natural": "here they are (contracted form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1", "Oqaatsit1997:aajuna#e18", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aajuna#e21", "Oqaatsit1997:aana#e169", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aana#e168" ], "id": "AA_DEMONSTRATIVE", "category": "prefixes" } ], "TA_AFOREMENTIONED": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_prefix", "meaning": "the aforementioned; anaphoric demonstrative prefix" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ta-", "right_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "Used only with demonstrative stems. The historical /ð/ may be injected before some roots and can trigger gemination; the individual demonstrative paradigms record the resulting forms rather than pretending this irregularity is a productive ordinary prefix rule.", "AITWG:§15.2 explicitly describes ta(c): a root-initial /p, t, k, q/ is doubled in the anaphoric form, except that kan becomes takan with no k-doubling. This is a restriction within the closed demonstrative-root set; the existing irregular sandhi marker remains, with no general ordinary-stem gemination rule inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the aforementioned", "en_short": "the aforementioned", "da": "den førnævnte", "da_short": "den førnævnte", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "taanna", "natural": "that aforementioned one" }, { "surface": "taassuma", "natural": "of that aforementioned one" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:prefixes/ta_aforementioned", "Nielsen2012:§4.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "AITWG:§15.2" ], "id": "TA_AFOREMENTIONED", "category": "prefixes_mofo_derived" } ], "V_yumaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "vague future: shall eventually/at some point Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+jumaaq", "notes": [ "Citation form '+jumaarpoq' shows the affix's own final /q/ weakened to /r/ before the indicative ending -poq, an ordinary sound rule on the ENDING's side of the boundary, not modeled as a left_sandhi value on this entry; underlying_form models the plain affix, per this repo's established convention (e.g. V_nertu_Vb, V_palaaq_Vb).", "Leading '+' in AITWG-Affixes' own citation grounds boundary_behavior:additive per Definition 2.5 (AITWG:§2.4)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shall eventually ___; shall at some point ___", "da": "en vag fremtid: skal engang gøre det; en vag fremtid: skal på et tidspunkt gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "shall eventually {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "skal engang ___; skal på et tidspunkt ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a vague, eventual future -- 'shall/will Vb at some point', without committing to when. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+jumaar-, +kumaar-' entry (skal nok vb-e, 'shall probably Vb'), which supplies the example below via a different base verb than AITWG-Affixes' own bare gloss (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry).", "examples": [ { "surface": "takujumaarpaa", "natural": "he shall probably get to see it (Nielsen2012's example, from takuaa 'he sees it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.45", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1" ], "id": "V_yumaaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_niaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "intended/inevitable future ('intends to Vb', Sec.8.1 Time); softens an imperative command (unnumbered Imperative colouration subsection); 'while/even though he Vb'ed' as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with contemporative or participial mood", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_niaq_Vb:6ecc9c785510", "items": [ { "text": "intended/inevitable future ('intends to Vb', Sec.8.1 Time); softens an imperative command (unnumbered Imperative colouration subsection); 'while/even though he Vb'ed' as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with contemporative or participial mood", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.45", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niaq", "notes": [ "One morpheme, three attested senses across three of this chapter's own subsections -- V{niaq}V recurs as its own bolded headword on AITWG-Affixes p.45 (Time), p.49 (Imperative colouration), and p.51 (Sec.8.5 Conjunction, with contemporative/participial). Kept as ONE entry rather than split, per this file's header note on same-headword merging: Nielsen2012 independently numbers the identical three-way split under one shared '+niar-' string -- '+niar- 2' (vil, påtænker at vb-e, Sec.5.4.1, matching the Time sense), '+niar- 3' (knap så høflig imperativ, Sec.5.4.4.2, matching the imperative-softening sense, and explicitly cross-referenced there against Nielsen's own '÷laar- 2' as the more polite alternative -- the same relative-politeness ranking AITWG-Affixes' own text gives against V_laaq_polite_Vb below), and '+niar- 4' (hensigt og samtidighed, Sec.5.4.5.3, matching the conjunctional 'while' sense) -- strong independent structural corroboration for treating this as one polysemous morpheme, not three homographs.", "Leading '+' consistent across all three citation forms (+niarpoq, +niarit!, +niarluni/+niartoq) grounds boundary_behavior:additive per Definition 2.5 (AITWG:§2.4).", "DISAMBIGUATION from V_niaq_try_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml): AITWG-Affixes p.33 and Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.4 also document V{niaq}V / +niar- 1 as the verbal-extender sense 'try to Vb'; this entry retains the sentence-scope readings (+niar- 2–4 in Nielsen2012). The sources reuse the same form, and the precise relationship between the readings is unresolved.", "DISAMBIGUATION from V_niar_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, truncating '-niar', Fortescue1984 'go in order to V / intend to V'): same modern surface string '-niar-' before many endings, different template/boundary/provenance. Prefer THIS entry for AITWG/Nielsen Time / soft-imperative / conjunctional readings; keep V_niar_Vb for the Fortescue verbal-modifier lane. Pilot surfaces aalaniarpoq / aallaaniarpoq (#544 theme 1) show tied exact analyses — do not merge IDs without an owner call. See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme1-affix-ambiguity-dossiers.md.", "DISAMBIGUATION from V_niaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml): identical +niaq citation on the N-side ('one who tries to V' / hunter short form). Pilot aallaaniaq ties V_niaq_N+ABS against this entry + V_EXCL_INTR_3SG — pick by category (noun hunter vs finite verb), not by string match. See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme1-affix-ambiguity-dossiers.md." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "intends to ___; softens a command; or, while he ___-ed; or, though he ___-ed", "en_short": "intended/inevitable future ('intends to ___', Sec.8.1 Time)", "da": "en tilsigtet fremtid ('har til hensigt at gøre det'); en uundgåelig fremtid; blødgør en bydeform; 'mens/selvom han gjorde det'", "da_short": "en tilsigtet fremtid; en uundgåelig fremtid", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Time sense: marks an intention or an outcome felt as inevitable ('intends to Vb', 'is bound to Vb'). Imperative sense: softens a command into a politer, if perhaps slightly impatient, request -- AITWG-Affixes' own text ranks it as less polite than V_laaq_polite_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml, this file). Conjunctional sense: marks simultaneity, 'while he Vb'ed', when the last affix before contemporative or participial mood.", "examples": [ { "surface": "pulaarniarpaa", "natural": "he intends to visit him (Nielsen2012's example, from pulaarpaa 'he visits him')" }, { "surface": "aniniarit!", "natural": "go on, go!/do go! (Nielsen2012's example, imperative-softening sense, from anigit 'go!')" }, { "surface": "naalanniarit!", "natural": "behave well! (lit. 'obey!'; AITWG-Affixes' own example, showing this affix stacking after V_taq_reminder_Vb / the imperative 'remember to' affix)" }, { "surface": "suliniarluni ingippoq", "natural": "he sat down to work / while setting about to work (Nielsen2012's example, conjunctional/contemporative sense, from sulivoq 'he works')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.45", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_niaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_nekuu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "perfect: has Vb'ed (probably the more common of the two 'has Vb'ed' affixes in modern usage; contrast V_sima_Vb below)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nikuu", "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive per Definition 2.5 (AITWG:§2.4).", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +nikuuvoq describes derived passive participle +nikuusaq as mostly possessive in former/previous readings. It cannot attach directly to a noun: the cited constructions use -gaa/-raa (atuaqatiginikuusara, ilinniartitsisorinikuusara). Without a possessive ending the source prefers +simasoq. This qualifies the derived participial construction; +nikuusaq is not declared a verbal allomorph of this entry, and no new passive component or full chain is admitted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has ___-ed (perfect)", "da": "datid: har gjort det", "en_short": "perfect: has ___-ed", "da_short": "datid: har gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a completed action, 'has Vb'ed' -- AITWG-Affixes' own text says this affix is probably now used more often than V_sima_Vb in this same sense. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+nikuu-' entry (har (engang) vb-et), which supplies both examples below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry).", "examples": [ { "surface": "Sisimiuniinnikuuvoq", "natural": "he has been in Sisimiut (Nielsen2012's example, from Sisimiuniippoq 'he is in Sisimiut')" }, { "surface": "nuannarinikuuaa", "natural": "she has (at some point) liked him (Nielsen2012's example, from nuannaraa 'she likes him')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.45", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +nikuuvoq" ], "id": "V_nekuu_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" }, { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "has once Vb'ed; has already Vb'ed (perfective, or emphasizing that something has happened at least once; negated with V{ŋŋit}V to mean 'has never Vb'ed')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nekuu_Vb:986e09c36ba0", "items": [ { "text": "has once Vb'ed; has already Vb'ed (perfective, or emphasizing that something has happened at least once; negated with V{ŋŋit}V to mean 'has never Vb'ed')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +nikuuvoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nikuu", "notes": [ "Bracket nəkuu (ə->i). AITWG-Affixes' own worked example: Qaqortumiinnikuuvunga ('I have once been in Qaqortoq'), negated Qaqortumiinikuunngilanga ('I have never been in Qaqortoq').", "Nielsen2012 independently attests the identical root, cross-listed in §5.3.3.13 as one of the 'state of having Vb'ed' affixes, and its own negated form ('takunikuunngilara', 'I have never seen it') appears directly in the fidelity notes of Bjornum2012's transcription (see that source's own dedicated entry below). Bjornum2012 independently corroborates with its own dedicated '+nikuuvoq v-v har engang; har nogensinde' ('has once; has ever') entry, giving piniartuunikuuvoq ('he has once been a hunter') and the negated takunikuunngilara ('I have never seen him/it') -- both closely paralleling AITWG-Affixes' own worked example and negation claim.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +nikuuvoq describes derived passive participle +nikuusaq as mostly possessive in former/previous readings. It cannot attach directly to a noun: the cited constructions use -gaa/-raa (atuaqatiginikuusara, ilinniartitsisorinikuusara). Without a possessive ending the source prefers +simasoq. This qualifies the derived participial construction; +nikuusaq is not declared a verbal allomorph of this entry, and no new passive component or full chain is admitted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has once ___-ed", "en_short": "perfect: has ___-ed", "da": "har engang gjort det; har allerede gjort det", "verb_phrase": "have once ___-ed", "da_verb_phrase": "har engang gjort det; har allerede gjort det", "da_short": "har engang gjort det", "composition": { "en": "have once ___-ed", "da": "har engang ___; har allerede ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Qaqortumiinnikuuvunga", "natural": "I have once been in Qaqortoq (AITWG-Affixes' own example)" }, { "surface": "takunikuunngilara", "natural": "I have never seen him/it (Bjornum2012's example, from takuaa, 'he sees it', illustrating negation with V{ŋŋit}V)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +nikuuvoq" ], "id": "V_nekuu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qqammiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb'ed recently; combined with V_ngngit_Vb (below), 'some time ago'; combined with the comparative -nəru, 'more recently'; combined with V_sima_Vb, plusquamperfect recent past ('had recently Vb'ed')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qqammiq_Vb:e39d3ee19008", "items": [ { "text": "Vb'ed recently; combined with V_ngngit_Vb (below), 'some time ago'; combined with the comparative -nəru, 'more recently'; combined with V_sima_Vb, plusquamperfect recent past ('had recently Vb'ed')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.45", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqammeq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative here, consistent with Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/-initial heuristic (AITWG:§2.4).", "AITWG-Affixes' own three combination facts (+ V_ngngit_Vb -> 'some time ago'; + comparative -nəru -> 'more recently'; + V_sima_Vb -> plusquamperfect recent past) are recorded in prose only, not modeled as separate entries or fields." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___-ed recently", "en_short": "___-ed recently", "da": "gjorde det for nylig", "da_short": "gjorde det for nylig", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an action as having happened recently. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷qqammer-' entry (har for nylig/lige vb-et), which also separately records the '÷qqammersima-' (den nylige fortid) and '÷qqammerneru-' (for ganske kort tid siden) combination forms AITWG-Affixes describes in prose -- direct cross-source confirmation of both the base affix and its two combinatorial extensions. A third Nielsen2012 sub-entry, '÷qqamminngit-' (har vb-et for et stykke tid siden), corresponds to AITWG-Affixes' own V_ngngit_Vb combination ('some time ago').", "examples": [ { "surface": "takoqqammerpaa", "natural": "she has just seen him (Nielsen2012's example, from takuaa 'she sees him')" }, { "surface": "iteqqammerpoq", "natural": "he has just woken up (Nielsen2012's example, from iterpoq 'he wakes up')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.45", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1" ], "id": "V_qqammiq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_riikatak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb'ed a long time ago" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riikatak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's most-/l/-initial-affixes-truncative heuristic)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___-ed a long time ago", "da": "gjorde det for længe siden", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb:past}} a long time ago", "past": "{{verb:past}} a long time ago" }, "da_short": "gjorde det for længe siden", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an action as long since completed. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷riikatag-' entry (har allerede vb-et for længe siden), which supplies both examples below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "igariikatappoq", "natural": "he made food long ago / has long since cooked (Nielsen2012's example, from igavoq 'he makes food')" }, { "surface": "sinngorteriikatappoq", "natural": "he already got rosy cheeks a while ago (Nielsen2012's example, from sinngortippoq 'he gets rosy cheeks')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.45", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1" ], "id": "V_riikatak_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_sima_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "as a Sec.8.1 time affix, perfect ('has Vb'ed'; per AITWG-Affixes' own text, this strictly temporal 'past' sense is a recent, possibly Danish-influenced innovation); as a Sec.8.2 modal affix, marks a reported or inferred event the speaker regards as virtually certain but did not witness firsthand; also marks the state of a completed action more generally", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_sima_Vb:364f67409b51", "items": [ { "text": "as a Sec.8.1 time affix, perfect ('has Vb'ed'; per AITWG-Affixes' own text, this strictly temporal 'past' sense is a recent, possibly Danish-influenced innovation); as a Sec.8.2 modal affix, marks a reported or inferred event the speaker regards as virtually certain but did not witness firsthand; also marks the state of a completed action more generally", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.45", "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +simavoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sima", "notes": [ "Leading '+' (both '+simavoq' citations) grounds boundary_behavior:additive per Definition 2.5 (AITWG:§2.4).", "One morpheme, two senses, exactly matching this file's header note on same-headword merging: V{sima}V is its own bolded headword on both AITWG-Affixes p.45 (Sec.8.1 Time) and p.46 (Sec.8.2 Modality), with AITWG-Affixes' own text explicitly distinguishing the two ('this use of V{sima}V in a strictly temporal sense... is a recent invention... It has a number of other usages'). Nielsen2012 independently confirms the identical two-way split with its own numbered '+sima- 2' (temporal, Sec.5.4.1) vs '+sima- 3' (modal/evidential, Sec.5.4.2) sub-entries -- strong corroboration this is genuinely one polysemous affix, not two.", "Nielsen2012's own '+sima- 2' entry independently corroborates AITWG-Affixes' 'recent invention, possibly Danish-influenced' claim almost word for word: 'denne betydning af +sima- er af nyere dato, måske influeret af dansk' ('this meaning of +sima- is of more recent date, perhaps influenced by Danish') -- a striking, near-verbatim match between two independent grammars on a specific historical-linguistic claim, not just the ordinary meaning.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +simavoq says completed-past and confident-inference readings often coexist, with either dominating in context; +simannippoq is its cited halftransitive form. In the former-person intransitive participial construction the noun first takes -uvoq (ilinniartitsisuusimasoq); direct noun-plus-sima attachment is not licensed by this example. For a possessive former reading it prefers +nikuusaq. These source-qualified derived constructions do not add a new HTR operator, tense-only analysis or unrestricted nominal host rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has ___-ed; or, marks a certain but unwitnessed event", "da": "har gjort det; markerer en begivenhed man har hørt om eller sluttet sig til, ikke selv oplevet", "en_short": "has ___-ed", "da_short": "har gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Temporal sense (Sec.8.1): a plain perfect, 'has Vb'ed', analyzed by both AITWG-Affixes and Nielsen2012 as a recent innovation. Modal/evidential sense (Sec.8.2): marks that the speaker regards the event as virtually certain despite not having witnessed it -- reported or inferred knowledge, as opposed to something seen 'with his own two eyes'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuummiissimavunga", "natural": "I have been in Nuuk (Nielsen2012's example, temporal sense, contrasted there with the plain past-tense-flavored Nuummiippunga 'I was in Nuuk')" }, { "surface": "nungussimavaa", "natural": "he must have eaten it all (Nielsen2012's example, modal/evidential sense, from nunguppaa 'he has eaten it all')" }, { "surface": "siallersimavoq", "natural": "it must have rained (Nielsen2012's example, modal/evidential sense)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.45", "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +simavoq" ], "id": "V_sima_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" }, { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "has Vb'ed (perfective/resultative state; per AITWG-Affixes, this usage may be less common today than V_nekuu_Vb, since 'sima' carries several other meanings too)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_sima_Vb:b6949c39645f", "items": [ { "text": "has Vb'ed (perfective/resultative state; per AITWG-Affixes, this usage may be less common today than V_nekuu_Vb, since 'sima' carries several other meanings too)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.41", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +simavoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sima", "notes": [ "Bracket sima; citation +simavoq, unchanged. AITWG-Affixes' own worked example contrasts ilinniarpoq ('he studies') with ilinniarsimavoq ('he has completed his studies').", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13 independently attests the identical root and gloss with a much fuller treatment, '+sima- 1, afsluttet fortid med virkning i en senere fortid eller i nutiden: have/være vb-et' ('completed past with effect on a later past or the present: have/be Vb'ed'), noting the affix carries three often-inseparable senses (past tense, perfect aspect, and reported/evidential 'on hearsay' modality) and, with some agentive stems, a passive-resultative reading (see also V_qqa_Vb above). Bjornum2012 independently corroborates with its own dedicated '+simavoq v-v afsluttet fortid; sikker formodning (fx om noget, man har på anden hånd)' ('completed past; confident assumption, e.g. about something known secondhand') entry -- directly matching Nielsen2012's own evidential/hearsay nuance.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +simavoq says completed-past and confident-inference readings often coexist, with either dominating in context; +simannippoq is its cited halftransitive form. In the former-person intransitive participial construction the noun first takes -uvoq (ilinniartitsisuusimasoq); direct noun-plus-sima attachment is not licensed by this example. For a possessive former reading it prefers +nikuusaq. These source-qualified derived constructions do not add a new HTR operator, tense-only analysis or unrestricted nominal host rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has ___-ed, is in the resulting state", "da": "har gjort det", "verb_phrase": "have ___-ed, be in the resulting state", "da_verb_phrase": "har gjort det", "en_short": "has ___-ed", "da_short": "har gjort det", "composition": { "en": "have ___-ed, be in the resulting state", "da": "har ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilinniarsimavoq", "natural": "he has completed his studies (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from ilinniarpoq, 'he studies')" }, { "surface": "toqusimavoq", "natural": "he is dead (Nielsen2012's example, from toquvoq, 'he dies', illustrating the resultative-state reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.41", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +simavoq" ], "id": "V_sima_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ssa_sentential_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "future, 'shall Vb' (Sec.8.1 Time), sometimes shading into an obligation reading; also, as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with negative contemporative, 'without Vb'ing'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ssa_sentential_Vb:41671c5e3276", "items": [ { "text": "future, 'shall Vb' (Sec.8.1 Time), sometimes shading into an obligation reading; also, as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with negative contemporative, 'without Vb'ing'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.45", "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "V_IND_INTR_1SG": "-ssaanga", "V_IND_INTR_2SG": "-ssaatit", "V_IND_INTR_3SG": "-ssaaq", "V_IND_INTR_1PL": "-ssaagut", "V_IND_INTR_2PL": "-ssaasi", "V_IND_INTR_3PL": "-ssapput" }, "notes": [ "Same underlying morpheme as this repo's pre-existing V_ssa_Vb entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, independently sourced from Fortescue1984:295, 'will V, is going to V (prospective/future)') -- a real cross-file ID collision was caught here (both files independently used the affix '-ssa' for what is evidently the same morpheme) and resolved by naming this entry V_ssa_sentential_Vb rather than overwriting or duplicating the pre-existing, differently-sourced V_ssa_Vb. This entry does not restate V_ssa_Vb's own already-cited ordinary future sense; it documents the ADDITIONAL facts AITWG-Affixes ch.8 contributes: the irregular intransitive-indicative endings, and the Sec.8.5 negative-contemporative conjunctional sense.", "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "inflection_sandhi:irregular is directly grounded: AITWG-Affixes' own text states this affix 'takes five of the six endings in the intransitive indicative mood in an irregular fashion, deleting the single /v/ from the mood marker, but not the doubled /(v)v/ in 3p.pl' (-ssaanga, -ssaatit, ..., -ssaasi but regularly -ssapput). Nielsen2012 independently confirms the identical exception pattern for its own '÷ssa- 1' entry, in almost the same words ('intransitiv indikativ danner sammentrukne former ... dog ikke i 3. pers. plur.', 'intransitive indicative forms contracted forms ... except in 3rd person plural'), with the matching worked example pair nerissaaq / nerissapput -- direct, independent cross-source confirmation of a specific morphophonological irregularity, not just the affix's ordinary meaning.", "One morpheme, two senses recurring across this chapter (Sec.8.1 p.45-46, Sec.8.5 p.51 with negative contemporative), kept as one entry per this file's header note. Nielsen2012 again independently numbers a matching split under one '÷ssa-' string: '÷ssa- 1' (Sec.5.4.1, skal vb-e/fremtid, matching the Time sense) and '+ssa- 3' (Sec.5.4.5.3, uden at vb-e/negativ kontemporativ, matching the Sec.8.5 conjunctional sense) -- plus a third sense, '+ssa- 2' (Sec.5.4.2, må nødvendigvis vb-e, 'must necessarily Vb', an epistemic-modal use) that AITWG-Affixes' own Sec.8.1 text gestures at only loosely ('may sometimes also be understood in the sense of an obligation') without giving it separate headword status the way Nielsen2012 does -- recorded here as additional corroborating detail from Nielsen2012, not asserted as a fourth AITWG-Affixes-attested sense of its own." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shall ___ (future); or, without ___-ing", "en_short": "future, 'shall ___' (Sec.8.1 Time), sometimes shading into an obligation reading", "da": "fremtid: skal gøre det", "da_short": "fremtid: skal ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Future sense: 'shall/will Vb', occasionally shading into an obligation reading ('shall'/'should'). Conjunctional sense (negative contemporative): 'without Vb'ing'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nerissaaq", "natural": "he shall eat (Nielsen2012's example, from nerivoq 'he eats' -- the contracted, irregular indicative form)" }, { "surface": "nerissapput", "natural": "they shall eat (Nielsen2012's example -- the regular 3pl form, NOT contracted, illustrating the exception AITWG-Affixes' own text describes)" }, { "surface": "nerissanani", "natural": "without eating (Nielsen2012's example, conjunctional/negative-contemporative sense, from nerivoq 'he eats')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.45", "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_ssa_sentential_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_gunaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "it seems, undoubtedly; combined with V_ngngit_Vb, 'certainly not'; can also follow V_naviaq_Vb (below) as its required negation", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_gunaq_Vb:3a7f4440c0b0", "items": [ { "text": "it seems, undoubtedly; combined with V_ngngit_Vb, 'certainly not'; can also follow V_naviaq_Vb (below) as its required negation", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+gunaq", "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it seems ___; undoubtedly ___", "en_short": "it seems, undoubtedly", "da": "det ser ud til ___; uden tvivl ___", "da_short": "det ser ud til; uden tvivl", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the speaker's subjective impression that something is undoubtedly so. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+gunar- 2' entry (sbj vb-er vist), which also separately records the negated combination '+gunanngit-' (vist nok ikke vb-e) matching AITWG-Affixes' own 'certainly not' combination claim.", "examples": [ { "surface": "suligunarpoq", "natural": "he is apparently/undoubtedly working (Nielsen2012's example, from sulivoq 'he works')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "id": "V_gunaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_yunnaqsi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "probably, no doubt, hopefully; lexicalized combination with V_ngngit_Vb, 'probably not'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_yunnaqsi_Vb:a77d004ee42e", "items": [ { "text": "probably, no doubt, hopefully; lexicalized combination with V_ngngit_Vb, 'probably not'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+junnaqsi", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes this affix 'may also be found without the final {si}', i.e. as a bare +junnaq/+junnar- form with the same meaning -- recorded here rather than modeled as a second underlying_form.", "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "probably ___; hopefully ___", "en_short": "probably, no doubt, hopefully", "da": "sandsynligvis ___; uden tvivl ___; forhåbentlig ___", "da_short": "sandsynligvis; forhåbentlig", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a confident but not certain expectation. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+junnar(si)-, +kunnar-' entry (vb-e sandsynligvis, nok, forhåbentlig), which directly confirms the optional-{si} allomorphy AITWG-Affixes describes.", "examples": [ { "surface": "matujunnarpaa", "natural": "he'll probably close it (Nielsen2012's example, from matuaa 'he closes it' -- the bare, si-less form)" }, { "surface": "peqqikkunnarpoq", "natural": "she is hopefully well (Nielsen2012's example, from peqqippoq 'she is well')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "id": "V_yunnaqsi_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_naviaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "certainly not; expresses certain conviction; must always be followed by a negation (usually V_ngngit_Vb, but V_gunaq_Vb or V_sima_Vb can intervene); presupposes some previous doubt on the subject", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_naviaq_Vb:398572482e62", "items": [ { "text": "certainly not; expresses certain conviction; must always be followed by a negation (usually V_ngngit_Vb, but V_gunaq_Vb or V_sima_Vb can intervene); presupposes some previous doubt on the subject", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+naviaq", "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5).", "AITWG-Affixes' own contemporative-mood note (this affix requires the negative contemporative endings as its mandatory negation when V_ngngit_Vb itself is unavailable in that mood) is not modeled as a field value -- this schema has no way to express a mandatory-co-occurrence constraint between two affixes; recorded in prose only.", "Nielsen2012's own '+navianngit-' entry (bestemt/nok ikke vb-e; udtrykker en sikker formodning) independently corroborates both the already-negated citation shape and the 'certain conviction' gloss directly. A separate, adjacent Nielsen2012 entry, '÷naviaqə-' (vil højst sandsynligt vb-e, 'will most likely Vb', attributed there to Kleinschmidt), is a real near-miss NOT cited as corroboration for this entry: its gloss is a positive prediction ('will most likely'), not AITWG-Affixes' negated 'certainly not' sense, and it is not shown combined with a negation the way AITWG-Affixes' own naviaq is described. Whether AITWG-Affixes' naviaq and Nielsen2012's separate ÷naviaqə- are historically the same root with genuinely different modern reflexes, or coincidentally similar strings, is not resolved here -- flagged as an open, declined near-match rather than silently conflated, per this repo's established practice (e.g. N_kkallak_N's declined Nielsen2012 'kullak' near-match)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "certainly not ___ (needs a following negation)", "en_short": "certainly not", "da": "bestemt ikke; udtrykker fast overbevisning", "da_short": "bestemt ikke", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Expresses the speaker's confident conviction that something is NOT the case, typically countering a prior doubt or suggestion to the contrary. Always co-occurs with a negation.", "examples": [ { "surface": "takunavianngilaa", "natural": "he certainly does not see it (Nielsen2012's example, from takuaa 'he sees it')" }, { "surface": "iluarnavianngilaq", "natural": "it will certainly not turn out well (Nielsen2012's example, from iluarpoq 'it is good')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "id": "V_naviaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_nguattiaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "probably, as far as one can see", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nguattiaq_Vb:2449b7db6eac", "items": [ { "text": "probably, as far as one can see", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnguattiaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "probably ___, as far as one can see", "da": "sandsynligvis, så vidt man kan se", "en_short": { "default": "probably {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "sandsynligvis, så vidt man kan se", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A hedged, visually/evidence-based probability marker. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷nnguatsiar-' entry (sikkert, vistnok vb-e), which additionally records that this affix is regularly placed after a negation ('sættes efter nægtelse') with its own worked example -- a detail AITWG-Affixes' own text does not mention.", "examples": [ { "surface": "takunnguatsiarpaa", "natural": "she probably saw it (Nielsen2012's example, from takuaa 'she sees it')" }, { "surface": "aallanginnguatsiarpoq", "natural": "he apparently hasn't left, so far as I can tell (Nielsen2012's example, following the negation aallanngilaq 'he has not left')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "id": "V_nguattiaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_qqajaqe_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "had nearly Vb'ed; should/ought to have Vb'ed (but did not)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqajaqe", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes (docs/affixlist/8-sentential-affixes.md) gives Morphemic form V{qqajaqə}V and citation *-qqajaqaaq*, and states this is a true schwa-stem because the last morpheme is V{-qə}V. Nielsen2012:§5.4.2 independently lists ÷qqajaqə- with naveeqqajaqaara. underlying_form corrected from -qqajaq to -qqajaqe so the final schwa is present (same e-spelling as V_qe_Vb / V_niaqe_Vb / V_niassaqe_Vb; V_qquq_Vb uses -qquuqi for the same ə-final fact).", "inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion classifies this as generic ə-final by convention (V_qquq_Vb / V_rataqe_Vb precedent), not as a claim that fusion alone reproduces the cited surfaces (-qqajaqaaq, -qqajaqaara). Do not invent a full paradigm or copy V_qe_Vb's special_ending_realizations table. Under current oq + ending data, schwa_vowel_fusion is a no-op on l-initial CONT endings; CONT coverage (and ending-side schwa_final_stem routing) needs real ending-side work. morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset: that field's established scope here is the derived WORD's stem class under further inflection, not a derivational affix's internal composition -- and with it unset, even CONT INTR allomorphs.schwa_final_stem (-qaluni etc.) will not route.", "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "had nearly ___-ed; should have ___-ed (but didn't)", "en_short": "had nearly ___-ed", "da": "havde næsten gjort det; skulle have gjort det (men gjorde det ikke)", "da_short": "havde næsten gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a near-miss or an unfulfilled expectation. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷qqajaqə-' entry (havde nær vb-et, burde/skulle vb-e), matching gloss and citation form exactly, which supplies the example below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "naveeqqajaqaara", "natural": "I had half a mind to scold him (Nielsen2012's example, from naveerpara 'I scolded him')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "id": "V_qqajaqe_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_qquq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "must seemingly/supposedly have Vb'ed; often combined with V_qqajaqe_Vb (above); can be preceded by V_ssa_sentential_Vb ('shall supposedly have Vb'ed')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qquuqi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "underlying_form corrected (oq#380 follow-up round) from a mistranscribed '-qquq' to '-qquuqi': MOFO's own page for this exact combined affix gives Morphemic form V{qquuqə}V (double /u/, schwa-final -- 'Stem type: ə-stem', 'Inflection sandhi: ə-contraction'), matching this entry's own already-cited Nielsen2012 headword '÷qqooqə-' (also schwa-final, not u-final). inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion reuses the mechanism already implemented for atsigi/niutigi (this repo's own established ə-final-affix convention), rather than a new one. Verified via oq's real engine against both this entry's own cited gold forms (tigoqqooqaa, aallanngeqqooqaaq) -- both reproduce exactly with no further adjustment.", "AITWG-Affixes' own claim that this affix 'is often used in combination with V{-qə}V' (i.e. V_qqajaqe_Vb, its own final consonant) is independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷qqooqə-' entry, which likewise notes it 'kommer normalt sidst i en kombination af tilhæng' ('normally comes last in a combination of affixes') and supplies two worked multi-affix examples showing exactly that stacking behaviour." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "must supposedly have ___-ed", "en_short": "must seemingly/supposedly have ___-ed", "da": "må åbenbart have gjort det", "da_short": "må åbenbart have gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an inference the speaker regards as apparent or supposed, without direct witness. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷qqooqə-' entry (vist nok vb-et, må have vb-et).", "examples": [ { "surface": "tigoqqooqaa", "natural": "he must have taken it (Nielsen2012's example, from tiguaa 'he took it')" }, { "surface": "aallaqqooqaq", "natural": "he has apparently left (Nielsen2012's example, from aallarpoq 'he leaves')" }, { "surface": "aallanngeqqooqaaq", "natural": "he has apparently not left (Nielsen2012's example, stacked with negation)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.46", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "id": "V_qquq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_simassa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "must necessarily have Vb'ed; the other possible ordering of V_sima_Vb and V_ssa_sentential_Vb (see also V_ssagaluaq_Vb below); V_ssa_sentential_Vb alone is also reportedly usable in this same sense" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+simassa", "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "must necessarily have ___-ed", "en_short": "must necessarily have ___-ed", "da": "må nødvendigvis have gjort det", "da_short": "må nødvendigvis have gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A strong, necessity-flavored inference. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+simassa-' entry (må have været vb-et), matching both citation form and gloss.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ersisimassaaq", "natural": "he must have been afraid (Nielsen2012's example, from ersivoq 'he is afraid')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "id": "V_simassa_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_ssagaluaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "should/would have Vb'ed (but...)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssagaluaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "AITWG-Affixes gives this entry only a bare citation form on p.47, with no further discussion of mood-conditioned senses; it is not among the headwords AITWG-Affixes itself relists in Sec.8.5 Conjunction. Nielsen2012, by contrast, catalogs a matching pair of numbered senses under one shared string: '÷ssagaluar- 1' (Sec.5.4.4.3 'Forbehold', sbj burde ellers/skulle tage og vb-e -- a reservation/should-have sense matching this entry's own gloss) and '÷ssagaluar- 2' (Sec.5.4.5.2, hvis sbj skulle gå hen og vb-e, kondit. -- a conditional-mood conjunctional sense). Both are cited here as corroboration of the same affix, but the Sec.5.4.5.2 conditional sense is NOT claimed as an independently AITWG-Affixes-attested Sec.8.5 sense of this entry, since AITWG-Affixes' own text does not list it there." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "should/would have ___-ed (but...)", "da": "skulle have gjort det; ville have gjort det", "en_short": { "default": "should have {{verb:past}}; would have {{verb:past}}", "past": "should have {{verb:past}}; would have {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "skulle have gjort det; ville have gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an unrealized obligation or expectation -- 'should/would have Vb'ed, but (didn't)'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nerissagaluarpoq", "natural": "he should have eaten something (Nielsen2012's example, from nerivoq 'he eats')" }, { "surface": "sinissagaluarpoq", "natural": "she ought to be sleeping (Nielsen2012's example, from sinippoq 'she sleeps')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.3" ], "id": "V_ssagaluaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_galuangngit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb not a bit/did not Vb however" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+galuangngit", "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "did not ___ a bit, however", "da": "gjorde det slet ikke alligevel", "en_short": { "default": "did not {{verb}} a bit" }, "da_short": "gjorde det slet ikke alligevel", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+galuanngit-' entry (slet ikke vb-e), matching form and gloss exactly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "paleraluanngilaq", "natural": "he did not get sunburnt at all (Nielsen2012's example, from palerpoq 'he gets sunburnt')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ], "id": "V_galuangngit_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_it_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is un-Vb'ing; reverses the meaning of a property/state stem; found in many lexicalized stems; when used bare in an exclamation, the final consonant is pronounced [k]", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_it_Vb:7544d6a96f5e", "items": [ { "text": "is un-Vb'ing; reverses the meaning of a property/state stem; found in many lexicalized stems; when used bare in an exclamation, the final consonant is pronounced [k]", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§12.2", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-it", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "notes": [ "Vowel-initial affix (/i/): grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative per Definition 2.7's own vowel-initial rule (AITWG:§2.4), the same class as N_iqniaq_N's own established truncative treatment.", "AITWG:§12.2 Aside 12.2 independently describes this less productive property-reversing use on stems of state, with lexicalized pairs such as arrivoq/arriippoq, alianarpoq/alianaappoq, and kusanarpoq/kusanaatsoq. This reinforces the property-reversal scope already recorded here; it does not make the affix a general-purpose verbal negator.", "Output t-stem classification: MOFO:vv/-it explicitly calls this a true t-stem and describes tð yielding ts with the participial morphemes. Declare the alveolar final stem and assibilation independently of the unchanged truncative input. The source separately limits aq deletion to lexicalized constructions and retains final k in bare exclamations; neither is generalized by this output-class declaration." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is un-___-ing (reverses a property/state)", "en_short": "is un-___-ing", "da": "er ikke ved at gøre det (modsat betydning)", "da_short": "er ikke ved at ___", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A property-reversing negator, distinct from the general-purpose V_ngngit_Vb below -- used specifically on stems denoting a property or state (e.g. 'handsome' -> 'ugly', not a plain 'does not X'). AITWG-Affixes' own bare-exclamation, final-[k] pronunciation fact is independently and closely corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷it- 2, ÷ik-' entry, which not only labels it '(interjektion, jf. § 5.1.10)' but gives the identical kind of matched contrast pair AITWG-Affixes itself uses (kusanarpoq/kusanaappoq/kusanaak! vs. AITWG-Affixes' alianarpoq/alianaak!) -- two independent grammars illustrating the exact same phenomenon (property-reversal, exclamatory bare-stem use, final /k/) with different but structurally identical example pairs.", "examples": [ { "surface": "pinniippoq", "natural": "he is unhandsome, ugly (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from pinnerpoq 'he is handsome')" }, { "surface": "alianaak!", "natural": "wonderful! (AITWG-Affixes' own example, bare exclamatory use with final [k], from alianarpoq 'it is sad/tragic')" }, { "surface": "kusanaak!", "natural": "how ugly! (Nielsen2012's own independent, structurally identical example, from kusanarpoq 'it is pretty')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§12.2", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3", "MOFO:vv/-it", "Oqaatsit1997:-ippoq#e5531", "Oqaatsit1997:pinniippoq#e11369" ], "id": "V_it_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_ngngitluinnaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb not at all" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngitluinnaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "did not ___ at all", "da": "gør det slet ikke", "en_short": { "default": "did not {{verb}} at all" }, "da_short": "___ slet ikke", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "An intensified negation, 'not at all'. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷nngilluinnar-' entry (overhovedet ikke vb-e), which supplies all three examples below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "takunngilluinnarpoq", "natural": "he did not appear at all (Nielsen2012's example, from takuppoq 'he appeared/showed up')" }, { "surface": "peqqinngilluinnarpoq", "natural": "he is not at all well (Nielsen2012's example, from peqqippoq 'he is well')" }, { "surface": "nalunngilluinnarpaa", "natural": "he knows it perfectly well (Nielsen2012's example, from naluaa 'he does not know it' -- an inherently-negative stem, negated to a strong positive)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ], "id": "V_ngngitluinnaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_ngngit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "negation, Vb not; the ordinary all-purpose negator, and per AITWG-Affixes' own text a very common affix because many Kalaallisut verbal stems have an inherently negative meaning, so negating them is the only way to express the positive/opposite meaning", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ngngit_Vb:5fa7a6cfcda8", "items": [ { "text": "negation, Vb not; the ordinary all-purpose negator, and per AITWG-Affixes' own text a very common affix because many Kalaallisut verbal stems have an inherently negative meaning, so negating them is the only way to express the positive/opposite meaning", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§8.10", "AITWG:Appendix-B.7", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngit", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "V_IND_INTR_1SG": "-nngilanga", "V_IND_INTR_2SG": "-nngilatit", "V_IND_INTR_3SG": "-nngilaq", "V_IND_INTR_1PL": "-nngilagut", "V_IND_INTR_2PL": "-nngilasi", "V_IND_INTR_3PL": "-nngillat", "V_CAU_INTR_1SG": "-nnginnama", "V_CAU_INTR_2SG": "-nnginnavit", "V_CAU_INTR_3SG": "-nngimmat", "V_CAU_INTR_4SG": "-nnginnami", "V_CAU_INTR_1PL": "-nnginnatta", "V_CAU_INTR_2PL": "-nnginnassi", "V_CAU_INTR_3PL": "-nngimmata", "V_CAU_INTR_4PL": "-nnginnamik" }, "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "inflection_sandhi:irregular is directly grounded: AITWG-Affixes' own text states this affix 'takes a completely idiosyncratic set of endings in some of the moods, if it is the last affix before the ending', citing AITWG p.183 (Introduction to West Greenlandic, out of this file's own citable scope). Nielsen2012 independently and closely corroborates the same fact for its own '÷nngit-' entry: 'Indikativ, interrogativ og kausativ danner særlige modusmærker af dette tilhæng' (indicative, interrogative and causative form special mood-markers for this affix) and 'Tilhænget bruges ikke sidst i stammen i imperativ og kontemporativ; her dannes benægtede former typisk med modusmærket {-(n)a-}' (the affix is not used stem-finally in imperative/contemporative; negated forms there instead use the {-(n)a-} mood-marker) -- this second fact independently corroborates AITWG-Affixes' own V_naviaq_Vb note about the negative-contemporative endings substituting for this affix in that mood.", "CAU special endings (docs/reference/linguistics/nngit-special-endings.md; AITWG Appendix B.7 / §14.8): causative mood marker ga -> na with the /t/ of -nngit KEPT (non-truncative), e.g. -nngimmat / -nnginnama. Enables ernumananngimmat = ernuma + V_naq_Vb + V_ngngit_Vb + V_CAU_INTR_3SG. Sentence natural is speaker-guided (Kalaallisut speaker to Jan 2026-09-26; they also cited IND -nngilaq as hard to gloss). Subject and object stay reusable slots: 'fordi vedkommende ikke behøver at være bekymret for ___' / 'because him/her need not worry about ___'. Bare vedkommende / him/her resolves to subject hun/she when discourse referent_gender is known; ___ is the adjacent Abs person (for hende). Avoid baking man / one when the object slot already genders from discourse. Affix attenuation for V_naq_Vb stays Bjornum2012 +narpoq ('er foruroligende' / 'er trættende') and Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1 'bevirker vb-ning'; do not erase that on the chips.", "AITWG:§8.10 documents a compositional temporal reading with V_neq_N: the abstract participle with possessive locative means “while the possessor V-ed”; negating its source verb with this affix changes that relation to “before the possessor V-ed” (nerin(n)erani vs. nerinnginnerani). This is a construction-level reading, not a new standalone sense of negation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "do not ___ (ordinary negation)", "en_short": "do not ___", "da": "___ ikke (almindelig nægtelse)", "semantic_operator": "negate", "verb_phrase": "do not ___", "da_short": "___ ikke", "composition": { "en": "do not ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ngngit_Vb_negation", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ], "operator": { "type": "negate", "target": "predicate", "scope": "predicate", "value": "ordinary verbal predicate negation; negating source-described inherently negative stems may express a positive meaning", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The default, all-purpose verbal negator.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sininngilaq", "natural": "he does not sleep (Nielsen2012's example, from sinippoq 'he sleeps')" }, { "surface": "ajunngilaq", "natural": "it is good/OK/working (AITWG-Affixes' own example -- and Nielsen2012's independent 'ajorpoq den er dårlig ... ajunngilaq den er god' pair -- illustrating an inherently-negative stem whose only positive reading comes from negating it)" }, { "surface": "nalunngilaa", "natural": "he knows it (Nielsen2012's example, same inherently-negative-stem pattern, from naluaa 'he does not know it')" }, { "surface": "ernumananngimmat", "natural": "because him/her need not worry about ___ (speaker sentence gloss; him/her = subject slot; ___ = adjacent Abs. Chain ernuma+V_naq+V_ngngit+CAU; chips keep V_naq attenuation.)", "natural_da": "fordi vedkommende ikke behøver at være bekymret for ___" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§8.10", "AITWG:Appendix-B.7", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ], "id": "V_ngngit_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_ngngitcuuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "happened not to Vb (although expected to); unfortunately; on the dummy base {pi}V, negated a second time with negative contemporative, means 'definitely Vb'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ngngitcuuq_Vb:35188fa10deb", "items": [ { "text": "happened not to Vb (although expected to); unfortunately; on the dummy base {pi}V, negated a second time with negative contemporative, means 'definitely Vb'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngitcuuq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "happened not to ___ (unfortunately)", "en_short": "happened not to ___ (although expected to)", "da": "kom desværre ikke til at gøre det (selvom det var forventet)", "da_short": "kom desværre ikke til at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks that an expected action did not, in fact, take place. AITWG-Affixes' own doubly-negated-on-the-dummy-base construction (pinngitsoornanga aggissaanga, 'I shall definitely come') is independently and closely corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷nngitsoor-' entry, which gives the SAME identifying claim in almost the same words -- 'Pinngitsoor- betyder i negativ kontemporativ »helt bestemt«' ('Pinngitsoor- means, in negative contemporative, \"quite definitely\"') -- with the identical worked example (pinngitsoornanga aggissaanga, 'jeg er på vej; jeg skal nok komme') as AITWG-Affixes itself, a striking exact match on a specific idiomatic construction, not just a shared general gloss.", "examples": [ { "surface": "takunngitsoorpaa", "natural": "he did not see it, unfortunately (Nielsen2012's example, from takuaa 'he sees it')" }, { "surface": "pinngitsoornanga aggissaanga", "natural": "I shall definitely come (both AITWG-Affixes and Nielsen2012 independently cite this exact example, on the dummy base {pi}V doubly negated)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ], "id": "V_ngngitcuuq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_piangngit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb not really" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(r)piangngit", "notes": [ "Leading '+' (base form, before the parenthetical /(r)/ conditioning) grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5); the '(r)' conditioning itself is not asserted as a left_sandhi value, per the same reasoning already applied to N_pak_N/N_piaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) for structurally identical parenthetical-/(r)/ citations.", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375 research pass): deliberately NOT populated. Nielsen2012:§5.4.3's own two worked examples below are both themselves already-inflected transitive verb forms (nuannaraa 'he likes it', sungiuppaa 'he is used to it'), not bare hosts -- neither example's own underlying stem-final segment is independently confirmed anywhere in this repo, so no vowel- or consonant-final key can be honestly derived from either. AITWG-Affixes itself gives no worked example at all. Left as an open gap rather than guessed; unblocked by a worked example on a host whose stem_type this repo (or an independent source) already establishes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "not really ___", "da": "gør det ikke rigtig", "en_short": { "default": "not really {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "___ ikke rigtig", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A mild, partial negation -- 'not really/not entirely'. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+(r)pianngit-' entry (vb-e ikke særligt, ikke helt), matching form and gloss exactly, which supplies both examples below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "nuannarerpianngilaa", "natural": "he doesn't like it all that much (Nielsen2012's example, from nuannaraa 'he likes it')" }, { "surface": "sungiuppianngilaa", "natural": "he never fully got used to it (Nielsen2012's example, from sungiuppaa 'he is used to it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ], "id": "V_piangngit_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_qqajangngit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb not at all (Sec.8.3 Negation); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with participial mood, 'long before he Vb'ed'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qqajangngit_Vb:e94af787e748", "items": [ { "text": "Vb not at all (Sec.8.3 Negation); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with participial mood, 'long before he Vb'ed'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqajangngit", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' consistent across both citation forms (-qqajanngilaq, -qqajanngitsoq) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "One morpheme, two senses recurring across this chapter (Sec.8.3 p.47, Sec.8.5 p.51), kept as one entry per this file's header note. Nielsen2012 does NOT independently corroborate the plain Sec.8.3 negation sense as its own headword in its own Sec.5.4.3 (Nægtelser) list -- only the Sec.8.5 conjunctional/participial sense appears there, as '÷qqajanngit-' under Nielsen2012's own Sec.5.4.5.3 (Kontemporativ og participialmåde), glossed identically ('længe før sbj vb-ede', 'long before sbj Vb'ed'). This is recorded as an open, minor cross-source organizational difference rather than resolved: it is possible AITWG-Affixes' own Sec.8.3 gloss ('Vb not at all') is itself just a loose paraphrase of the same 'not-yet/long-before' semantics Nielsen2012 catalogs only under Conjunction, not independent evidence of a separate plain-negation sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "not ___ at all; or, long before he ___-ed", "en_short": "___ not at all (Sec.8.3 Negation)", "da": "gør det slet ikke", "da_short": "___ slet ikke", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Conjunctional sense: marks that an event happened well in advance of another.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aneqqajanngitsoq", "natural": "long before he went out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq 'he goes out')" }, { "surface": "tikeqqajanngitsunga aallarpoq", "natural": "long before I arrived, he had already left (Nielsen2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_qqajangngit_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_vingngit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb not really; possibly also 'not at all'" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-ingngit" }, "underlying_form": "-vingngit", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "AITWG-Affixes itself lists this as a separate headword from V_ngngivik_Vb below (distinct citation forms -vinngilaq vs -nngivippoq, adjacent entries on the same page). Nielsen2012, by contrast, combines both forms under ONE shared headword, '÷vinngit-, ÷nngivig-' (overhovedet ikke vb-e; sydgrønlandsk -- 'not at all; South Greenlandic'), not distinguishing the two the way AITWG-Affixes does. This entry follows AITWG-Affixes' own two-headword split (matching this repo's established practice of following the primary source's own headword structure, e.g. N_kkataaq_N/N_kkallak_N kept separate despite an identical gloss), while citing Nielsen2012's combined entry as corroboration for both this entry and V_ngngivik_Vb -- and additionally recording Nielsen2012's own South Greenlandic dialectal flag, a detail AITWG-Affixes' own text does not mention." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "not really ___ (possibly, not at all)", "en_short": "___ not really", "da": "gør det ikke rigtig; muligvis 'slet ikke'", "da_short": "___ ikke rigtig", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A hedged or dialect-flagged strong negation; per Nielsen2012, at least the -nngivig- form is specifically South Greenlandic.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inuusuinngilaq", "natural": "he is not exactly young / not young at all (Nielsen2012's example, from inuusuppoq 'he is young')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ], "id": "V_vingngit_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_ngngivik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb not at all; definitely not" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngivik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "See V_vingngit_Vb above: AITWG-Affixes lists these as two separate headwords; Nielsen2012 combines both under one shared entry ('÷vinngit-, ÷nngivig-'), which is cited here as corroboration too, along with its own note that the -nngivig- form specifically is flagged there as North Greenlandic in AITWG-Affixes' own gloss ('definitely not') versus Nielsen2012's own South-Greenlandic flag on the COMBINED entry -- a minor, unresolved regional-labeling tension between the two sources, recorded rather than silently picked one way." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "not ___ at all; definitely not", "en_short": "___ not at all", "da": "gør det slet ikke; bestemt ikke", "da_short": "___ slet ikke", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A strong, categorical negation.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anivinngivippoq", "natural": "he did not properly go all the way out (Nielsen2012's example, North Greenlandic per AITWG-Affixes' own text, from anivoq 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.3" ], "id": "V_ngngivik_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_galuaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "'were' Vb'ing, however (a subjunctive-like difference between reality and expectation, Sec.8.4); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with causative/contemporative/participial mood, 'although Vb'; with conditional mood, 'even if Vb' (possibly preceded by V_ssa_sentential_Vb)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_galuaq_Vb:2552c2bbff1b", "items": [ { "text": "'were' Vb'ing, however (a subjunctive-like difference between reality and expectation, Sec.8.4); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with causative/contemporative/participial mood, 'although Vb'; with conditional mood, 'even if Vb' (possibly preceded by V_ssa_sentential_Vb)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+galuaq", "notes": [ "Leading '+' consistent across every citation form on this entry grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5).", "One morpheme, multiple senses recurring across Sec.8.4 (p.48) and Sec.8.5 (p.50, twice), kept as one entry per this file's header note -- directly matching Sec.8.5's own explicit framing that conjunctional affixes are ordinary affixes (often from earlier in this same chapter) taking on a special meaning with certain moods. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates a matching split: '+galuar- 2' (Sec.5.4.4.3 'Forbehold', 'den handling ... passer ikke på situationen ... sbj vb-er ganske vist, men' -- 'the action doesn't fit the situation ... sbj indeed Vb's, but' -- a close match for AITWG-Affixes' own 'were Vb'ing, however' sense) and '+galuar- 3' (Sec.5.4.5.2, 'bruges i kontrafaktiske eller hypotetiske betingelsesudtryk' -- used in counterfactual/hypothetical conditionals -- matching the Sec.8.5 conditional sense). A related but distinct Nielsen2012 headword, '+galuaraan-' (Sec.5.4.5.2, selvom/selv når subj. vb-er -- 'although/even when sbj Vb's'), looks like it could correspond to AITWG-Affixes' own causative/contemporative/participial 'although' sense, but its own citation form is built with the iterative {-gaan-} ending fused on rather than the plain causative/contemporative/participial endings AITWG-Affixes describes -- recorded as a related but not confirmed-identical construction, not force-matched." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "'were' ___-ing, however; or, although if ___; or, even if ___", "en_short": "'were' ___-ing, however (a subjunctive-like difference between reality and expectation, Sec.8.4)", "da": "'var' ved at gøre det, dog", "da_short": "'var' ved at ___, dog", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Ordinary sense: marks a contrast between the actual and the expected -- something like an English subjunctive. Conjunctional senses: 'although' (causative/contemporative/participial) and 'even if' (conditional).", "examples": [ { "surface": "suligaluarpunga", "natural": "I 'were' working (but got distracted) (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from sulivunga 'I worked')" }, { "surface": "suligaluarpoq", "natural": "he works, indeed, but... (Nielsen2012's independent example of the same ordinary/forbehold sense)" }, { "surface": "napparsimanngikkaluaruma", "natural": "if I weren't sick (Nielsen2012's example, conditional/counterfactual sense, from napparsimavunga 'I am sick')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.2" ], "id": "V_galuaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" }, { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "would (otherwise) have Vb'ed, but... (counterfactual/concessive)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_galuaq_Vb:f640c046fb64", "items": [ { "text": "would (otherwise) have Vb'ed, but... (counterfactual/concessive)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +galuaq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+galuar", "notes": [ "Bracket galuaq; citation +galuarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "This repo already has an unrelated-in-word-class V_galuaq_N entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, a V-to-N 'former one' nominalizer) sharing the identical root -- likely a genuinely related cognate (both carry a 'formerly/otherwise' counterfactual sense), not conflated here since this entry is the V-to-V modifier Ch7 itself documents separately.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6 independently attests the identical root and both senses AITWG-Affixes gives: '+galuar- 1, vb-e forgæves/tidligere' ('Vb in vain/formerly'), used concessively ('even though/although'), with example napparsimagaluarluni qiimaqaaq ('although he is sick, he is in a good mood'). Bjornum2012 independently corroborates via a related but distinct NOMINAL cognate, its own '+galuaq v-n en som ellers (kortform af +galuarpoq, bøjes som -nnguaq)' entry ('one who otherwise... , short form of +galuarpoq') -- explicitly naming +galuarpoq (this entry's own verbal citation form) as the source of that nominal short form, a real cross-reference corroborating the root's existence and meaning, though not itself direct attestation of the V-to-V modifier (the same 'corroborating via a related derivative, not identical' treatment already used elsewhere in this repo, e.g. N_sunni_N's Bjornum2012 citation)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "would (otherwise) have ___-ed", "da": "ville (ellers) have gjort det, men...", "en_short": { "default": "would have {{verb:past}}", "past": "would have {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "ville have gjort det, men", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "napparsimagaluarluni qiimaqaaq", "natural": "although he is sick, he is in a good mood (Nielsen2012's example, from napparsimavoq 'he is sick' + qiimaqaaq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +galuaq" ], "id": "V_galuaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_galuttuaqe_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "be careful, there's a danger he'll Vb (used only in 3rd person)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_galuttuaqe_Vb:1953836dc1f4", "items": [ { "text": "be careful, there's a danger he'll Vb (used only in 3rd person)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+galuttuaq", "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "watch out, he might ___ (said of him)", "da": "pas på, der er fare for at han gør det", "en_short": { "default": "watch out, he might {{verb}}", "third_singular": "watch out, he might {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "pas på, der er fare for at han ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A cautionary warning about a third party's likely action. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+galuttuaqə-, +galuttuar-' entry (pas på; kun i 3. pers. -- 'watch out; only in 3rd person'), matching AITWG-Affixes' own implicit 3rd-person framing exactly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anigaluttuarpoq", "natural": "watch out, he's going out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq 'he goes out')" }, { "surface": "pissikkaluttuaqaaq", "natural": "watch out, he's about to jump (Nielsen2012's example, from pissippoq 'he jumps')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_galuttuaqe_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_gi_sentential_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "and so (at length)/moreover he Vb'ed; the same morpheme found in the set of 'future' imperative endings, though rarely used outside the imperative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_gi_sentential_Vb:2ed5b93205aa", "items": [ { "text": "and so (at length)/moreover he Vb'ed; the same morpheme found in the set of 'future' imperative endings, though rarely used outside the imperative", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+gi", "special_ending_realizations": { "V_IND_INTR_3SG": "-gujoq", "V_IND_INTR_3PL": "-gipput", "V_IND_TR_3SG_1SG": "-gujaanga", "V_IND_TR_3SG_2SG": "-gujaatit", "V_IND_TR_3SG_3SG": "-gujaa", "V_IND_TR_3SG_1PL": "-gujaatigut", "V_IND_TR_3SG_2PL": "-gujaasi", "V_IND_TR_3SG_3PL": "-gujai", "V_IND_TR_3PL_1SG": "-gujaannga", "V_IND_TR_3PL_2SG": "-gujaatsit", "V_IND_TR_3PL_3SG": "-gujaat", "V_IND_TR_3PL_1PL": "-gujaatigut", "V_IND_TR_3PL_2PL": "-gujaasi", "V_IND_TR_3PL_3PL": "-gujaat", "V_IMP_INTR_2SG": "-gina", "V_IMP_INTR_2PL": "-gisi", "V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG": "-ginga", "V_IMP_TR_2SG_3SG": "-giuk", "V_IMP_TR_2SG_1PL": "-gigut", "V_IMP_TR_2SG_3PL": "-gigit", "V_IMP_TR_2PL_1SG": "-gisinga", "V_IMP_TR_2PL_3SG": "-gisiuk", "V_IMP_TR_2PL_1PL": "-gisigut", "V_IMP_TR_2PL_3PL": "-gisigik" }, "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text describes this affix as affecting the mood marker in endings beginning with a single /v/, transforming /iv/ -> /uj/ (V{gi}V{vuq} -> /givuq/ -> +gujoq), but leaving the geminated /(v)v/ of 3p.pl indicative unaffected (-> gipput, regularly). Not modeled as a right_sandhi/inflection_sandhi enum value: none of this schema's existing values name this specific /iv/->/uj/ alternation, and the affix's own attested behaviour splits by ending shape (single /v/ vs geminated /(v)v/) rather than cleanly matching any one value's established scope; described in prose only, matching this repo's established practice of declining a forced-fit enum value (e.g. N_luinnaq_N).", "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5).", "Nielsen2012 independently splits this into two adjacent numbered entries matching AITWG-Affixes' own two-part description within a single headword: '+gu-' (Sec.5.4.4.1, og så vb-ede sbj -- 'and so sbj Vb'ed', matching this entry's own ordinary sense, with the same -u- -> -v- -> -j- alternation description) and '+gi-' (Sec.5.4.4.2, ved pos. impt. og opt., skubber befalingen ud i fremtiden -- 'with positive imperative and optative, pushes the command into the future', matching AITWG-Affixes' own 'future imperative endings' cross-reference). Kept as one entry here (per this file's header note), since AITWG-Affixes itself presents both facts under one headword rather than splitting them." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "and so he ___-ed (moreover, at length)", "en_short": "and so (at length)/moreover he ___-ed", "da": "og så (til sidst)/desuden gjorde han det", "da_short": "og så gjorde han det; og desuden gjorde han det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a narrative continuation, 'and so...'; the same morpheme underlies a set of future-oriented imperative endings, though productive use outside that context is now rare.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ersigujoq", "natural": "and so he became afraid (Nielsen2012's example, from ersivoq 'he is afraid')" }, { "surface": "gipput", "natural": "(3p.pl indicative form of this affix, regular, NOT undergoing the /iv/->/uj/ alternation -- AITWG-Affixes' own citation form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2" ], "id": "V_gi_sentential_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_innaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "just Vb'ing (restrictive/limiting sense on a verb; the verbal counterpart of the nominal N_innaq_N, 'just/only a(n) N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_innaq_Vb:ba5ea34bc8de", "items": [ { "text": "just Vb'ing (restrictive/limiting sense on a verb; the verbal counterpart of the nominal N_innaq_N, 'just/only a(n) N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§2.5" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-innaq", "epenthetic_consonant": "g", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-initial affix (/i/): grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative per Definition 2.7 (AITWG:§2.4).", "AITWG:§2.5's own footnote 7 to Definition 2.8 (phonotactic epenthesis), already cited on this repo's N_innaq_N entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml), names this exact V{innaq}V as the VERBAL sibling of the nominal N{innaq}N, sharing the same irregular epenthetic-/g/-not-/v/ exception -- directly cross-referenced here rather than re-derived.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found specifically for the verbal 'just Vb'ing' sense: a candidate near-match, Nielsen2012's own '÷innar- 2, ÷ginnar-' entry (Sec.5.4.4.1, lige efter at have vb-et -- 'right after having Vb'ed'), was checked and declined as a citation here, since both its bracket form (innar, not innaq) and its gloss (a temporal 'right after', not a restrictive 'just/only') diverge from AITWG-Affixes' own description; whether the two are historically related is not resolved here, flagged as a declined near-match rather than force-matched, per this repo's established practice." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "just ___-ing (nothing more)", "da": "kun det at gøre det", "en_short": "just ___-ing (restrictive/limiting sense on a verb", "da_short": "kun det at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Restricts or limits the verbal action -- 'just/only Vb'ing', with nothing more. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; no example is given here rather than inventing one." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "AITWG:§2.5" ], "id": "V_innaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" }, { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is just/only Vb'ing (§7.2); always/continually Vb (§7.4) -- Ch7 lists this identical bracket form/citation twice, under 'Manner' and 'Frequency and duration'; combined here as one entry rather than duplicated, the same treatment already applied to V_ngajak_Vb and V_qqik_Vb above", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_innaq_Vb:12659a1c5997", "items": [ { "text": "is just/only Vb'ing (§7.2); always/continually Vb (§7.4) -- Ch7 lists this identical bracket form/citation twice, under 'Manner' and 'Frequency and duration'; combined here as one entry rather than duplicated, the same treatment already applied to V_ngajak_Vb and V_qqik_Vb above", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "AITWG:§2.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-innar", "epenthetic_consonant": "g", "notes": [ "Bracket (g)innaq; citation -innarpoq (regular) / -ginnarpoq (irregular). AITWG-Affixes' own text flags this affix, in both its §7.2 and §7.4 occurrences, as irregularly injecting epenthetic /g/ (rather than the regular /v/) whenever phonotactic epenthesis is required after a long vowel -- the exact verbal counterpart of the nominal N{innaq*}N exception already documented on this repo's N_innaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml), whose own note cites AITWG:§2.5's footnote 7 naming BOTH N{innaq}N and V{innaq}V as the sole exceptions to Definition 2.8's regular epenthesis rule. The structured epenthetic_consonant field names this source-attested choice; it does not request insertion by itself, which remains governed by the shared phonotactic operation.", "Homonymous root, different word class: this repo already has N_innaq_N ('just/only an N'); not conflated, this entry is the verbal V-to-V modifier Ch7 documents separately in its own chapter.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2 independently attests the restrictive sense and also explicitly allows a context-dependent continuation reading: ingerlaannarpoq can mean simply going on or going on continuously, and oqaluinnarpoq continuing to speak. This corroborates continuation but does not license an unconditional always reading in every occurrence. Nielsen names -ginnar- after aa/ii; no claim about uu is inferred from that narrower list." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "just ___; only ___; always ___", "en_short": "just ___-ing (restrictive/limiting sense on a verb", "verb_phrase": "just ___; only ___; always ___", "da_verb_phrase": "er kun ved at gøre det; gør det altid; gør det uafbrudt", "da": "er kun ved at gøre det; gør det altid; gør det uafbrudt", "da_short": "er kun ved at ___", "composition": { "en": "just ___; only ___; always ___", "da": "er kun ved at ___; ___ altid; ___ uafbrudt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oqaluinnarpoq", "natural": "he keeps speaking (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.2)" }, { "surface": "ingerlaannarpoq", "natural": "he simply goes on; he goes on continuously (context-dependent, Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.2)" }, { "surface": "tiguinnaruk", "natural": "just take it (Nielsen2012's example, imperative of tiguaa, 'he takes it')" }, { "surface": "qallunaaginnaq", "natural": "just/only a Dane (the nominal cognate N_innaq_N's own AITWG-Affixes example, illustrating the same exceptional epenthetic /g/ this verbal affix also shows after a long vowel)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "AITWG:§2.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2" ], "id": "V_innaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_kasik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "express disdain (verbal; distinct from the nominal N_kasik_N, 'a bad/poor N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_kasik_Vb:d1958d950b86", "items": [ { "text": "express disdain (verbal; distinct from the nominal N_kasik_N, 'a bad/poor N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -kasik" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kasik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own headword groups two related citation forms, V{-kasik}V (-kasippoq) and V{-kassak}V (-kassappoq), under one shared gloss -- combined here under one entry/ID, matching the same source-driven combining precedent already used for N_kasik_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) and N_giit_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml).", "K-initial affix: grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative per Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/-initial rule (AITWG:§2.4).", "Independently corroborated by Bjornum2012's own '÷kasig-' entry (9-affikser.md), glossed 'giver verbet nedladende betydning' ('gives the verb a disdainful/condescending meaning'), matching AITWG-Affixes' own 'express disdain' gloss closely, with its own two worked examples." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "express disdain about ___-ing", "da": "udtrykke foragt", "en_short": "express disdain", "da_short": "udtrykke foragt", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Colours the verbal action with disdain or condescension.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anikasippoq", "natural": "good riddance, he's gone out (Bjornum2012's example, from anivoq 'he goes out')" }, { "surface": "ajukasippoq", "natural": "it's his own fault he's badly off (Bjornum2012's example, from ajorpoq 'he is bad off')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -kasik" ], "id": "V_kasik_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_llaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "vivid/surprising action (Sec.8.4 colouration); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with causative mood, 'just as he Vb'ed; vivid narration'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_llaq_Vb:99ef53c84f84", "items": [ { "text": "vivid/surprising action (Sec.8.4 colouration); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with causative mood, 'just as he Vb'ed; vivid narration'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' consistent across both citation forms (-llarpoq, -llarmat) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's most-/l/-initial-truncative heuristic).", "One morpheme, two related senses (vividness carrying over into a vivid-narration conjunctional use) recurring across Sec.8.4 (p.48) and Sec.8.5 (p.50), kept as one entry per this file's header note. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates both: '÷llar- 1' (Sec.5.4.4.1, vb-e voldsomt, kraftigt (overraskende) -- 'Vb violently, forcefully (surprisingly)') for the ordinary sense, and '÷llar- 2' (Sec.5.4.5.2, netop som sbj pludselig vb-ede -- 'right as sbj suddenly Vb'ed') for the conjunctional sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vivid ___-ing; surprising ___-ing; or, just as he ___-ed", "en_short": "vivid/surprising action (Sec.8.4 colouration)", "da": "en levende handling; en overraskende handling", "da_short": "en levende handling; en overraskende handling", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a vivid, forceful, or surprising manner of action; as a conjunctional affix, marks a vivid narrative 'just as...' transition.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anillarpoq", "natural": "he went out in a sudden, forceful way (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq 'he goes out')" }, { "surface": "apullarpaa", "natural": "BOING, there he ran into it (Nielsen2012's own vivid example, from aporpaa 'he bumps into it')" }, { "surface": "isillarama tamarmik nipangerput", "natural": "just as I suddenly came in, they all fell silent (Nielsen2012's example, conjunctional/causative sense)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.2" ], "id": "V_llaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_llarumaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "will Vb, just wait and see!", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_llarumaaq_Vb:672544f13c6d", "items": [ { "text": "will Vb, just wait and see!", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llarumaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "will ___, just wait and see!", "da": "vil gøre det, bare vent og se!", "en_short": { "default": "will {{verb}}, just wait and see" }, "da_short": "vil ___, bare vent og se!", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A confident prediction, delivered as a challenge or promise. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷llarumaar-' entry (skal nok vb-e -- 'shall surely Vb'), which supplies both examples below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "qimaallarumaarpoq", "natural": "you can bet he'll flee (Nielsen2012's example, from qimaavoq 'he flees')" }, { "surface": "naviillarumaarpaa", "natural": "you can bet he'll scold her (Nielsen2012's example, from naveerpaa 'he scolds her')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_llarumaaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_llassa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "will definitely Vb, just wait and see! (the last morpheme in this combination is V_ssa_sentential_Vb, so it shares that affix's irregular intransitive-indicative endings)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_llassa_Vb:a24bdd40856b", "items": [ { "text": "will definitely Vb, just wait and see! (the last morpheme in this combination is V_ssa_sentential_Vb, so it shares that affix's irregular intransitive-indicative endings)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llassa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "V_IND_INTR_1SG": "-llassaanga", "V_IND_INTR_2SG": "-llassaatit", "V_IND_INTR_3SG": "-llassaaq", "V_IND_INTR_1PL": "-llassaagut", "V_IND_INTR_2PL": "-llassaasi", "V_IND_INTR_3PL": "-llassapput" }, "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "inflection_sandhi:irregular follows directly from AITWG-Affixes' own claim that this affix ends in V_ssa_sentential_Vb and so 'has the same irregularities with certain endings in intransitive indicative as that affix' -- see V_ssa_sentential_Vb's own entry above for the specific irregularity." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "will definitely ___, just wait and see!", "da": "vil bestemt gøre det, bare vent og se!", "en_short": { "default": "will definitely {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "vil bestemt ___, bare vent og se!", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "An emphatic, confident future -- stronger than the plain future of V_ssa_sentential_Vb alone. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷llassa-' entry (vil helt sikkert vb-e), which supplies both examples below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "ajugaallassaaq", "natural": "he will definitely win (Nielsen2012's example, from ajugaavoq 'he wins')" }, { "surface": "isillassaaq", "natural": "he's coming, just you wait (Nielsen2012's example, from iserpoq 'he comes in')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_llassa_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_luinnaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "really/definitely Vb'ing (verbal; distinct from the nominal N_luinnaq_N, 'complete(ly) N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_luinnaq_Vb:3b4437904a67", "items": [ { "text": "really/definitely Vb'ing (verbal; distinct from the nominal N_luinnaq_N, 'complete(ly) N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(l)luinnaq", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+lluinnaq", "uvular_final_stem": "+luinnaq" }, "notes": [ "Leading '+' (base form, before the parenthetical /(l)/ conditioning) grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5); the same left_sandhi-not-asserted reasoning already applied to the nominal sibling N_luinnaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) applies here too, for the same reason: no clean single truncative/additive/replacive account was confirmed from the data checked.", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375): both keys deliberately keep this entry's own citation-final /q/ (not the /r/ visible in the worked examples below) -- the /r/ in nalulluinnarpaa/ajorluinnarpoq is the ordinary, independently-modeled q-weakening this repo's consuming engine already applies whenever this affix's own trailing /q/ meets a following consonant-initial ending, not a property this field needs to encode itself. vowel_final_stem ('+lluinnaq') is grounded directly by nalulluinnarpaa (from naluaa/nalu, vowel-final, Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1). uvular_final_stem ('+luinnaq') is grounded by ajorluinnarpoq (from this repo's own published ajoq stem, kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml, stem_type:uvular_final_stem, independently confirmed there as a verbal 'R-stamme' by Nielsen2012:§4.3.2) -- the r-stem case Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +lluarpoq groups together with plain consonant stems for the sibling affix V_lluaq_Vb above. ajunngilluinnarpoq (from ajunngilaq, itself already a negated/inflected form) is NOT used to ground a further key here: which stem-final segment this affix actually attaches to in that example was not independently confirmed, so no additional class is guessed from it." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "really ___-ing; definitely ___-ing", "da": "virkelig ved at gøre det; bestemt ved at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "really {{verb:gerund}}; definitely {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "really {{verb:gerund}}; definitely {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "virkelig ved at ___; bestemt ved at ___", "source": "hand" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_luinnaq_Vb_intensify", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "predicate", "scope": "predicate", "value": "intensifies verbal predicate (source glosses really/definitely Vb'ing; Nielsen 'vb-e helt, fuldstændigt'); not a cardinal quantity operator", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Intensifies the verbal action -- 'really/definitely/completely Vb'ing'. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+lluinnar- 2' entry (vb-e helt, fuldstændigt), which supplies all three examples below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "nalulluinnarpaa", "natural": "he really doesn't know it at all (Nielsen2012's example, from naluaa 'he does not know it')" }, { "surface": "ajorluinnarpoq", "natural": "it's absolutely terrible (Nielsen2012's example, from ajorpoq 'it is bad')" }, { "surface": "ajunngilluinnarpoq", "natural": "it's completely fine (Nielsen2012's example, from ajunngilaq 'it is good')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_luinnaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_mmi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "and then he Vb'ed (animated narration; deletes initial /v/ from mood markers, e.g. +(m)mivuq -> +(m)mioq)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_mmi_Vb:3105d84fbc9e", "items": [ { "text": "and then he Vb'ed (animated narration; deletes initial /v/ from mood markers, e.g. +(m)mivuq -> +(m)mioq)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(m)mi", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+mmi" }, "special_ending_realizations": { "V_IND_INTR_3SG": "-mmioq" }, "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5).", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375): only the vowel-final class is encoded, grounded by this entry's own animmioq example (from anivoq/ani, vowel-final, Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1). No consonant-host key is added: neither AITWG-Affixes nor Nielsen2012 gives a consonant-final worked example for this affix specifically here (MOFO:vv/(m)mi -- cross-reference only, not independent corroboration, same author as AITWG-Affixes -- separately calls the affix 'likely only marginally productive', consistent with the thinness of attestation on either side of this join). Encoding this class alone does not make oq's own consuming build of animmioq fully correct: the mood marker's own initial /v/-deletion (+mmivuq -> +mmioq, this entry's own lexical_facts.meaning above) is a separate, still-unimplemented process this field cannot supply." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "and then he ___-ed (animated narration)", "da": "og så gjorde han det", "en_short": { "default": "then he {{verb:past}}", "past": "then he {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "og så gjorde han det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a lively, animated narrative continuation, 'and then he Vb'ed!'. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+mmi-' entry (og så vb-ede sbj; animeret tale; indikativmærkets -v- svinder -- 'and so sbj Vb'ed; animated speech; the indicative marker's -v- disappears'), matching both the gloss and the /v/-deletion mechanism AITWG-Affixes describes.", "examples": [ { "surface": "+(m)mioq", "natural": "and then he Vb'ed (AITWG-Affixes' own abstract citation form, illustrating the /v/-deletion: +(m)mivuq -> +(m)miuq -> +(m)mioq)" }, { "surface": "animmioq", "natural": "and then he went out! (Nielsen2012's own worked example, from anivoq 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_mmi_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_niq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "I wonder/maybe (Sec.8.4, can pose a question explicitly with the interrogative, or implicitly); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with participial mood, 'if perhaps/I wonder', often used with the enclitic mita(ava) (this repo's ENCL_mita, kalaallisut_data/enclitics.yaml) on the main clause", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_niq_Vb:9f019ac11c19", "items": [ { "text": "I wonder/maybe (Sec.8.4, can pose a question explicitly with the interrogative, or implicitly); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with participial mood, 'if perhaps/I wonder', often used with the enclitic mita(ava) (this repo's ENCL_mita, kalaallisut_data/enclitics.yaml) on the main clause", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niq", "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5).", "One morpheme, two closely related senses recurring across Sec.8.4 (p.48) and Sec.8.5 (p.51), kept as one entry per this file's header note. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates both under one shared '+ner-' string: '+ner- 1' (Sec.5.4.4.1, mon, gad vide om sbj vb-er; kommer altid sidst når der er flere tilhæng -- 'I wonder if sbj Vb's; always comes last when there are several affixes') and '+ner- 2' (Sec.5.4.5.3, om sbj vb-er -- 'whether sbj Vb's', the participial/conjunctional sense, with Nielsen2012's own note that it can combine with an interrogative word without being obligatory there).", "AITWG-Affixes' own cross-reference to the enclitic *{mita(ava)} on the main clause directly corroborates this repo's own ENCL_mita entry (kalaallisut_data/enclitics.yaml), whose own pedagogy note independently documents this exact niq/ner- + mita(ava) co-occurrence pattern (see ENCL_mita's own napparsimanerpormita example) -- a real cross-file confirmation within this repo's own data, not just an external source.", "DISAMBIGUATION from V_nniq_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, 'good/enjoyable to Vb', citation +nerpoq): coincidental -ner- surface family. Pilot aallarnerpoq ('begins, starts') ties both exact analyses — NEITHER explains the begin gloss (true inceptive is V_ler_Vb). Do not use that surface to pick a winner. See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme1-affix-ambiguity-dossiers.md." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "I wonder if he ___-ed; maybe", "en_short": "I wonder/maybe (Sec.8.4, can pose a question explicitly with the interrogative, or implicitly)", "da": "mon; måske", "da_short": "mon; måske", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a speculative question, 'I wonder if...'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "asanerpaa", "natural": "I wonder if he loves her (Nielsen2012's example)" }, { "surface": "ilisimanerpaami", "natural": "I wonder if he even knows it at all (Nielsen2012's example, from ilisimavaa 'he knows it')" }, { "surface": "nuannaarnersoq naluara", "natural": "I don't know whether he is happy (Nielsen2012's example, conjunctional/participial sense, from nuannaarpoq 'he is happy')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_niq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_nnguaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "affection/comfort (Sec.8.4 colouration); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with negative mood, optionally preceded by V_llaq_Vb, 'without even Vb'ing; without in the least Vb'ing'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nnguaq_Vb:3d18b978f828", "items": [ { "text": "affection/comfort (Sec.8.4 colouration); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with negative mood, optionally preceded by V_llaq_Vb, 'without even Vb'ing; without in the least Vb'ing'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnguaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' consistent across both citation forms (-nnguarpoq, -(lla)nnguar(n)ani) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/-initial rule, ŋ-initial here).", "One morpheme, two senses -- an affectionate/comforting ordinary use and a very different-looking 'without even' negative-conjunctional use -- recurring across Sec.8.4 (p.48) and Sec.8.5 (p.50), kept as one entry per this file's header note, matching Sec.8.5's own explicit framing that conjunctional senses are often 'quite different from their ordinary meaning'. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates the ordinary sense with its own '÷nnguar- 2' entry (Sec.5.4.4.1, medfølelse, trøst, venlighed -- 'sympathy, comfort, kindness'); no direct Nielsen2012 match specifically for the Sec.8.5 negative-conjunctional 'without even' sense was found in the extracted Sec.5.4.5 material checked for this entry.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes forms of negative contemporative with and without initial /n/ are interchangeable on q-stems for this construction -- recorded in prose, not modeled as a field value." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "affection tone; comfort tone; or, without even ___-ing", "en_short": "affection/comfort (Sec.8.4 colouration)", "da": "hengivenhed; trøst", "da_short": "hengivenhed; trøst", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Ordinary sense: adds warmth, affection, or comfort to the verbal action. Conjunctional sense: 'without even Vb'ing', strengthened by an optional preceding V_llaq_Vb.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nappannguarpoq", "natural": "she's ill, the poor dear (Nielsen2012's example, from napparpoq 'she gets ill')" }, { "surface": "iserniannguarit", "natural": "please do come in (Nielsen2012's example, from iserniarpoq 'he wants to come in')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_nnguaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_ngucaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "thank heavens, he Vb'ed", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ngucaq_Vb:5b5ad67dab52", "items": [ { "text": "thank heavens, he Vb'ed", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngucaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thank heavens, he ___-ed", "da": "gudskelov, han gjorde det", "en_short": { "default": "thank heavens, he {{verb:past}}", "past": "thank heavens, he {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "gudskelov, han gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Expresses relief or gratitude at an outcome. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷ngusar-' entry (vb-e heldigvis, sbj vb-ede, den kære -- 'fortunately Vb's, sbj Vb'ed, the dear one'), matching AITWG-Affixes' own 'thank heavens' gloss closely, which supplies both examples below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "inuungusarpoq", "natural": "thank goodness, he's alive (Nielsen2012's example, from inuuvoq 'he is alive')" }, { "surface": "isingusarpoq", "natural": "he came in, the dear (Nielsen2012's example, from iserpoq 'he comes in')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_ngucaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_qe_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "intensifier, Vb highly/very (all indicative and interrogative forms are contracted)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qe_Vb:f65beac2b85e", "items": [ { "text": "intensifier, Vb highly/very (all indicative and interrogative forms are contracted)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1", "Oqaatsit1997:ajoqaaq#e466", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajoqaaq#e464" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qe", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "V_IND_INTR_1SG": "-qaanga", "V_IND_INTR_2SG": "-qaatit", "V_IND_INTR_3SG": "-qaaq", "V_IND_INTR_1PL": "-qaagut", "V_IND_INTR_2PL": "-qaasi", "V_IND_INTR_3PL": "-qaat", "V_INTERR_INTR_2SG": "-qaat", "V_INTERR_INTR_3SG": "-qaa", "V_INTERR_INTR_2PL": "-qaasi", "V_INTERR_INTR_3PL": "-qaat", "V_IMP_INTR_2SG": "-qiit", "V_IND_TR_1SG_2SG": "-qaakkit", "V_IND_TR_1SG_3SG": "-qaara", "V_IND_TR_1SG_2PL": "-qaassi", "V_IND_TR_1SG_3PL": "-qaakka", "V_IND_TR_2SG_1SG": "-qaarma", "V_IND_TR_2SG_3SG": "-qaat", "V_IND_TR_2SG_1PL": "-qaatsigut", "V_IND_TR_2SG_3PL": "-qaatit", "V_IND_TR_3SG_1SG": "-qaanga", "V_IND_TR_3SG_2SG": "-qaatit", "V_IND_TR_3SG_3SG": "-qaa", "V_IND_TR_3SG_1PL": "-qaatigut", "V_IND_TR_3SG_2PL": "-qaasi", "V_IND_TR_3SG_3PL": "-qai", "V_IND_TR_1PL_2SG": "-qaatsigit", "V_IND_TR_1PL_3SG": "-qaarput", "V_IND_TR_1PL_2PL": "-qaassi", "V_IND_TR_1PL_3PL": "-qaavut", "V_IND_TR_2PL_1SG": "-qaassinga", "V_IND_TR_2PL_3SG": "-qaarsi", "V_IND_TR_2PL_1PL": "-qaatsigut", "V_IND_TR_2PL_3PL": "-qaasi", "V_IND_TR_3PL_1SG": "-qaannga", "V_IND_TR_3PL_2SG": "-qaatsit", "V_IND_TR_3PL_3SG": "-qaat", "V_IND_TR_3PL_1PL": "-qaatigut", "V_IND_TR_3PL_2PL": "-qaasi", "V_IND_TR_3PL_3PL": "-qaat", "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_1SG": "-qaanga", "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_3SG": "-qaajuk", "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_1PL": "-qaasigut", "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_3PL": "-qaagit", "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_1SG": "-qaasinga", "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_3SG": "-qaasiuk", "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_1PL": "-qaasigut", "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_3PL": "-qaasigik", "V_IMP_TR_2SG_3SG": "-quuk" }, "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "inflection_sandhi:irregular follows from Nielsen2012's own independent claim about this affix (÷qə-, alle former i indikativ og interrogativ er sammentrukne -- 'all forms in indicative and interrogative are contracted') -- a fact AITWG-Affixes' own bare citation form (-qaaq) does not spell out explicitly but is consistent with." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___ highly; ___ very", "da": "forstærker: gør det meget; forstærker: gør det i høj grad", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb}} highly; {{verb}} very" }, "da_short": "forstærker: ___ meget; forstærker: ___ i høj grad", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A general-purpose intensifier. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷qə-' entry (forstærkende eller understregende -- 'intensifying or emphasizing'), which additionally documents this affix 'levendegør den daglige tale' ('brings everyday speech to life') with a rich set of colloquial examples, and records a negative-imperative variant with the irregular ending {-qiit} in place of the expected {*-qigit}.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angeqaaq", "natural": "it is very big (Nielsen2012's example, from angivoq 'it is big')" }, { "surface": "ajoqaaq", "natural": "that's too bad (Nielsen2012's example, from ajorpoq 'it is bad')" }, { "surface": "tikeqaaq", "natural": "well, he's finally arrived (Nielsen2012's example, from tikippoq 'he has arrived')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1", "Oqaatsit1997:ajoqaaq#e466", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajoqaaq#e464" ], "id": "V_qe_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_qena_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "there's a danger he'll Vb; take care or he might Vb (Sec.8.4, behaves like V_ssa_sentential_Vb, addresses a 2nd person while speaking about a 3rd person mentioned in the ending); as an unnumbered Imperative colouration affix, 'don't Vb!' (2p endings -qinak sg. / -qinasi pl. attach the person markers {k}/{si} directly, without repeating the negative-contemporative endings {na})", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qena_Vb:1df8238c34e8", "items": [ { "text": "there's a danger he'll Vb; take care or he might Vb (Sec.8.4, behaves like V_ssa_sentential_Vb, addresses a 2nd person while speaking about a 3rd person mentioned in the ending); as an unnumbered Imperative colouration affix, 'don't Vb!' (2p endings -qinak sg. / -qinasi pl. attach the person markers {k}/{si} directly, without repeating the negative-contemporative endings {na})", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qena", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "V_IND_INTR_1SG": "-qinaanga", "V_IND_INTR_2SG": "-qinaatit", "V_IND_INTR_3SG": "-qinaaq", "V_IND_INTR_1PL": "-qinaagut", "V_IND_INTR_2PL": "-qinaasi", "V_IND_INTR_3PL": "-qinapput", "V_IMP_INTR_2SG": "-qinak", "V_IMP_INTR_2PL": "-qinasi" }, "notes": [ "Leading '-' consistent across both citation forms (-qinaaq, -qinak!) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "inflection_sandhi:irregular grounded directly: AITWG-Affixes' own text says this affix 'behaves like V_ssa_sentential_Vb in intransitive indicative, deleting the single /v/ from the mood marker' (Sec.8.4 sense), and separately that its imperative-sense endings 'are thus not repeated' but instead the bare person markers {k}/{si} attach directly (Imperative-colouration sense) -- two distinct irregularities on the two senses of one entry.", "One morpheme, two senses (a cautionary '3rd-person-danger' warning addressed to a 2nd person, and a 2nd-person negative imperative 'don't Vb!') recurring across Sec.8.4 (p.48) and the Imperative colouration subsection (p.49), kept as one entry per this file's header note -- both senses share the same underlying 'speaker addressing someone about an unwanted 3rd-party-or-own action' shape. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates with its own '÷qinə-' entry, glossed for BOTH senses at once in one headword ('bare sbj ikke vb-er; pas på sbj ikke vb-er (ipt)' -- 'if only sbj doesn't Vb; watch that sbj doesn't Vb (imperative)'), directly matching AITWG-Affixes' own choice to treat this as one polysemous affix rather than two." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "watch out, he might ___; or, don't ___!", "en_short": "there's a danger he'll ___", "da": "der er fare for at han gør det; pas på, han kunne finde på det", "da_short": "der er fare for at han ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Cautionary sense: warns that someone (often a 3rd person) might do something unwanted, while addressing a 2nd person. Imperative sense: a direct negative command, 'don't Vb!'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nakkaqinaqaaq", "natural": "be careful (thou/you), he will fall down (AITWG-Affixes' own example, illustrating the 2nd-person-addressed/3rd-person-subject pattern)" }, { "surface": "uppeqinaaq", "natural": "watch out, he might fall over (Nielsen2012's example, from uppippoq 'he falls over')" }, { "surface": "salloqinak", "natural": "don't lie! (Nielsen2012's example, imperative sense, from salluvutit 'you lie')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.48", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_qena_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_rataq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "suddenly, surprisingly; can be followed by V_nnguaq_Vb for vivid surprise at something unexpected", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_rataq_Vb:3b440eed8d9e", "items": [ { "text": "suddenly, surprisingly; can be followed by V_nnguaq_Vb for vivid surprise at something unexpected", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rataq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "suddenly ___ (surprisingly)", "en_short": "suddenly, surprisingly", "da": "pludselig ___ (overraskende)", "da_short": "pludselig (overraskende)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a sudden or surprising occurrence. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷ratar-' entry (vb-e overraskende, pludseligt -- 'Vb suddenly, unexpectedly'), which also separately documents the augmented '÷ratannguar-' form ('vb-e overraskende, pludseligt; animeret tale') matching AITWG-Affixes' own V_nnguaq_Vb-combination claim.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aneratarpoq", "natural": "he unexpectedly went out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq 'he goes out')" }, { "surface": "uteratarpoq", "natural": "he came back unexpectedly (Nielsen2012's example, from uterpoq 'he comes back')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_rataq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_ssaqqaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "he will Vb, just wait and see (Sec.8.4); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with participial mood, 'while still Vb'ing'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ssaqqaaq_Vb:9912a69c8a23", "items": [ { "text": "he will Vb, just wait and see (Sec.8.4); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with participial mood, 'while still Vb'ing'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssaqqaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' consistent across both citation forms grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "One morpheme, two senses recurring across Sec.8.4 (p.49) and Sec.8.5 (p.51), kept as one entry per this file's header note. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷ssaqqaar-' entry (skal nok vb-e -- 'shall surely Vb', matching the Sec.8.4 sense); no direct Nielsen2012 match specifically for the Sec.8.5 participial 'while still' sense was found in the extracted material checked for this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "he will ___, just wait and see", "en_short": "he will ___, just wait and see (Sec.8.4)", "da": "han vil gøre det, bare vent og se", "da_short": "han vil ___, bare vent og se", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Ordinary sense: a confident prediction. Conjunctional sense: marks an ongoing action.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sinissaqqaarpoq", "natural": "he'll surely be asleep (Nielsen2012's example, from sinippoq 'he sleeps')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_ssaqqaaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_vallaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb too much/so very much" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "+allaaq" }, "underlying_form": "+vallaaq", "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___ too much/so very much", "da": "gør det alt for meget; gør det alt for i den grad", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb}} too much" }, "da_short": "___ alt for meget; ___ alt for i den grad", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an excessive degree. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; no Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 match was found for this specific affix in the material checked -- this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes' own gloss alone, the same evidentiary situation already accepted elsewhere in this repo (e.g. N_kuuvik_N)." }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "V_vallaaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" }, { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is too Vb'ing; is Vb'ing too much/very much" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+vallaar", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "+allaar" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "+pallaar", "velar_final_stem": "+pallaar", "alveolar_final_stem": "+pallaar" }, "notes": [ "Bracket vallaaq; citation +vallaarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text records that, negated with V{ŋŋit}V, this gives V{vallaaŋŋit}V ('Vb not so much') -- recorded in prose only, not a separate entry, same treatment as V_ngaaq_Vb/V_qqaq_Vb's own ŋŋit-combination notes above.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 attests the negated +vallaanngit- 'not particularly much'; §5.3.3.7 independently lists affirmative +vallaar- 'too much' with qasuallaarpoq and aserorpallaarpaa, and marks 'very much' as North Greenlandic. Bjornum2012 also lists the affirmative form and documents +allaarpoq after u and +pallaarpoq after r-stems/consonant stems.", "allomorphs/vowel_onset_allomorphs (issue jandahl/oq#773's triage pattern, same mechanism as V_lluaq_Vb's own r-stem/consonant-stem grouping and N_vik_N's own u-onset precedent, issue #418): Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +vallaarpoq states both conditioned variants directly, in its own words, alongside the plain aserorpallaarpaa (r-final consonant host) example already cited above -- now structurally encoded rather than left in prose only. The three published verb-only consonant classes (uvular_final_stem, velar_final_stem, alveolar_final_stem) are keyed with the identical '+pallaar' value per Bjornum2012's own single 'r-stem(s)/consonant stem(s)' grouping, the same three-way key set already used on V_lluaq_Vb above; vowel_onset_allomorphs:u models the separate 'after u' onset variant, which is a vowel-quality-conditioned axis stem_type cannot express -- directly confirmed by this entry's own akisuallaarpoq example (from akisuvoq, 'it is expensive', a /u/-final host): the /v/ of the default +vallaar drops, exactly the pattern Bjornum2012 states. The consonant-class keys, by contrast, apply Bjornum2012's general rule to this repo's stem inventory without a per-host worked form isolating each class individually (aserorpallaarpaa's own host, aseror-, is not itself a stem in this repo's corpus) -- the same practice already used for V_lluaq_Vb's own consonant-class keys.", "Danish composition (issue #809): Bjornum2012's own gloss is \"for; alt for; for meget\", not \"er alt for meget sådan\". The slot is \"___ for meget\" (nerivallaarpoq \"har spist for meget\"); \"for ___\" is the adjective shape (akisuallaarpoq \"er for dyrt\"). The sentential duplicate of this id is not this record and is not edited here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is too ___-ing; is ___-ing too much; is ___-ing very much", "en_short": { "default": "is too {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "is too {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "for ___; alt for ___; ___ for meget", "verb_phrase": "be too ___-ing; be ___-ing too much; be ___-ing very much", "da_verb_phrase": "___ for meget", "options": { "da": { "for": "for ___", "alt_for": "alt for ___", "for_meget": "___ for meget" } }, "da_short": "___ for meget", "composition": { "en": "be too ___-ing; be ___-ing too much; be ___-ing very much", "da": "___ for meget" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akisuallaarpoq", "natural": "it is too expensive (Bjornum2012's example, from akisuvoq, 'it is expensive')" }, { "surface": "aserorpallaarpaa", "natural": "he has damaged it too much (Bjornum2012's example, from aserorpaa, 'he damages it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +vallaarpoq" ], "id": "V_vallaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_vik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "really Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-ik" }, "underlying_form": "-vik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own headword groups two related citation forms under one shared gloss, V{-vik}V (-vippoq) and V{viksuq}V (-vissorpoq) -- combined here under one entry/ID, matching the same source-driven combining precedent already used elsewhere in this repo's chapter-8/9/3/4 authoring (e.g. N_giit_N, V_kasik_Vb above).", "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "This entry is homographic in citation spelling only with the unrelated deverbal-nominal '-vik' family (e.g. 'a place for Ving'), separately modeled as V_vik_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml) -- not conflated here; this entry models only the Sec.8.4 sentential/colouration '-vippoq' sense AITWG-Affixes itself documents in this chapter." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "really ___-ing", "da": "virkelig ved at gøre det", "en_short": "really ___-ing", "da_short": "virkelig ved at ___", "source": "hand" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_vik_Vb_sentential_intensify", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49" ], "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "predicate", "scope": "predicate", "value": "intensifies verbal predicate (AITWG-Affixes Sec.8.4 colouration gloss really Vb'ing); grandfathered duplicate ID with verbal_modifiers V_vik_Vb; not a cardinal quantity operator", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Intensifies the verbal action toward its fullest, most genuine extent. AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; no Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 match was found for this specific sentential-colouration sense in the material checked." }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "V_vik_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" }, { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is really/completely Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-ip" }, "underlying_form": "-vip", "notes": [ "Bracket -vik; citation -vippoq shows k+p -> pp total assimilation.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12 independently attests the identical root, cross-listed as '÷vig-, ÷vissor- 1, vb-e fuldstændigt' ('Vb completely'), with example ilikkavippaa ('he has learned it completely') -- the same root also underlies V_viksuq_Vb below (Nielsen's own -vissor- variant).", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -vippoq gives -vippoq after a/i and -ippoq after u, meaning completely. The existing u-conditioned onset exception is represented here as -ip for underlying -vip; naluippara is the printed u-host witness (naluaa). In conjunction with negation the source gives not at all, exemplified by nuannarinngivippara. This is corroboration of the modifier complete/intensive sense, not independent proof of every sentential-colouration use." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is really ___-ing; is completely ___-ing", "da": "er virkelig sådan; er helt sådan", "verb_phrase": "be really ___-ing; be completely ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "er virkelig sådan; er helt sådan", "en_short": "really ___-ing", "da_short": "er virkelig sådan; er helt sådan", "source": "hand" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_vik_Vb_modifier_intensify", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -vippoq" ], "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "predicate", "scope": "predicate", "value": "intensifies verbal predicate toward complete/genuine extent (Nielsen 'vb-e fuldstændigt'; Bjornum -vippoq 'helt'); grandfathered duplicate ID with sentential V_vik_Vb; not a cardinal quantity operator", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -vippoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilikkavippaa", "natural": "he has learned it completely (Nielsen2012's example, from ilikkarpaa, 'he has learned it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -vippoq" ], "id": "V_vik_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_taq_reminder_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "remember to Vb! (turns a contemporative used in an imperative sense into a kind of reminder; can also precede an ordinary imperative ending, possibly followed by another imperative modifier such as V_niaq_Vb)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_taq_reminder_Vb:66d0193ea0c9", "items": [ { "text": "remember to Vb! (turns a contemporative used in an imperative sense into a kind of reminder; can also precede an ordinary imperative ending, possibly followed by another imperative modifier such as V_niaq_Vb)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tar", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is V{ðaq}V; the /ð/ regularly surfaces as [t] before the citation forms shown (+tarlugu!, +tarniarit!) -- underlying_form 'tar' follows this repo's established convention of citing the source's own DAKA surface spelling rather than the phonemic bracket form (e.g. N_qut_N's -qutə/-qut split).", "ID deliberately NOT 'V_tar_Vb': that ID is already taken by this repo's pre-existing, independently-sourced verbal_modifier entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, Fortescue1984:323, 'to V repeatedly, habitually (iterative/habitual)') -- and the two are very plausibly the SAME underlying morpheme, not just an accidental ID collision: docs/affixlist/1-ordering-affixes.md's own worked example (§1.2, printed p.3-4) glosses V{ðaq}V itself as 'habitually Vb', matching the pre-existing V_tar_Vb's meaning and Fortescue1984 citation exactly, while THIS chapter's own p.49 entry documents a second, 'reminder-imperative' sense of what is citably the identical bracket form. Suffixed '_reminder' to keep this entry's own ID collision-free while flagging the likely same-morpheme relationship in prose rather than either silently merging two differently-sourced entries or silently ignoring the connection.", "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "remember to ___!", "da": "husk at gøre det!", "en_short": "remember to ___!", "da_short": "husk at ___!", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A gentle reminder-imperative -- 'remember to Vb!' -- distinct from a plain command. AITWG-Affixes' own two worked examples directly contrast the plain and reminder senses using the same base verb.", "examples": [ { "surface": "matu matullugu!", "natural": "close the door! (AITWG-Affixes' own example, plain contemporative-as-imperative, from matu 'door')" }, { "surface": "matu matusarlugu!", "natural": "remember to close the door! (AITWG-Affixes' own example, this affix added -- same base verb as above)" }, { "surface": "naalattarniarit!", "natural": "remember to behave well! (AITWG-Affixes' own example, this affix followed by V_niaq_Vb, from naalanniarit! 'behave well!')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "V_taq_reminder_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_gallaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "softens the command, forming irregular contracted forms with the imperative endings -git/-guk (Imperative colouration sense); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with causative mood, 'back then, when he Vb'ed', locating an action within a specific past time frame", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_gallaq_Vb:85495e5be020", "items": [ { "text": "softens the command, forming irregular contracted forms with the imperative endings -git/-guk (Imperative colouration sense); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with causative mood, 'back then, when he Vb'ed', locating an action within a specific past time frame", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +gallarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+gallaq", "special_ending_realizations": { "V_IMP_INTR_2SG": "-gallaat", "V_IMP_TR_2SG_3SG": "-gallaak" }, "notes": [ "Leading '+' consistent across citation forms (+gallaat, gallaak!, +gallarmat) grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5).", "AITWG-Affixes' own text describes the imperative-softening sense's irregular contraction directly: V{-git} -> +gallaat and V{-guk} -> +gallaak, where /qg/ fails to fuse to the regular /r/ and instead the two consonants annihilate each other -- not modeled as a right_sandhi enum value (no existing value in this schema's vocabulary names a mutual-consonant-annihilation outcome specifically); recorded in prose.", "One morpheme, two senses -- 'softens the command' (imperative colouration, p.49) and 'back then, when' (Sec.8.5 conjunctional, p.50) -- kept as one entry per this file's header note, though the connection between the two glosses is looser than most other merged entries in this file (both plausibly trace to a shared 'provisional/for-now' core, given Bjornum2012's own independent '+gallarpoq' entry glossing it 'foreløbig' -- 'for the time being, provisionally' -- a sense compatible with both 'just do it for now' (softening) and 'at that (earlier) point in time' (temporal displacement), but this bridging claim is this repo's own inference, not directly stated by any of the three sources checked; flagged rather than asserted as fact." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "softens a command; or, back then, when he ___-ed", "en_short": "softens the command, forming irregular contracted forms with the imperative endings -git/-guk (Imperative colouration sense)", "da": "blødgør en kommando; 'dengang, da han gjorde det'", "da_short": "blødgør en kommando", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Imperative sense: softens a command. Conjunctional sense: places an action within a specific past time frame -- AITWG-Affixes' own worked example derives 'in my childhood' from a literal 'back then when I was a child'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "utaqqilaarallaat", "natural": "wait just a little bit! (Nielsen2012's example, softened imperative, from utaqqilaarit 'wait a bit!')" }, { "surface": "meeraagallarama", "natural": "back then when I was a child (i.e. 'in my childhood') (AITWG-Affixes' own example, conjunctional/causative sense, from meeraa- 'is a child' + this affix + causative 1sg)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +gallarpoq" ], "id": "V_gallaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" }, { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb still/for the time being" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+gallar", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "+allar" }, "notes": [ "Bracket gallaq; citation +gallarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6 independently attests the identical root, cross-listed as '+gallar- 1, vb-e foreløbig, stadig, endnu' ('Vb provisionally, still, yet'), with example inerallarpoq ('it is provisionally finished', from inerpoq, 'it is finished').", "R-stem allomorph (issue #797): Bjornum2012:K9§6 gives three citation shapes, +gallarpoq (vowel stem) / -rallarpoq (r-stem) / +kallarpoq (other consonant stem), glossed foreløbig. -rallarpoq keeps the stem-final r and drops /g/ (utaqqilaarpoq → utaqqilaarallarpoq; inerpoq → inerallarpoq). Encoded only for uvular_final_stem as +allar. +kallarpoq is cited by Bjornum (unippoq → unikkallarpoq) but not encoded: the consonant-stem join is a separate assimilation, not verified as a bare +kallar paste.", "angerlarallalerpoq = angerlar + this r-stem allomorph + V_ler_Vb (begins to go home for the time being). Not V_raq_Vb + V_llaq_Vb." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ still; to ___ for the time being", "da": "at ___ foreløbig; at ___ stadig; at ___ endnu", "verb_phrase": "___ still; ___ for the time being", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det foreløbig; at gøre det stadig; at gøre det endnu", "options": { "da": { "foreløbig": "at ___ foreløbig", "stadig": "at ___ stadig", "endnu": "at ___ endnu" } }, "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} still; to {{verb}} for the time being", "third_singular": "to {{verb:3sg}} still; to {{verb:3sg}} for the time being" }, "da_short": "at ___ foreløbig", "composition": { "en": "___ still; ___ for the time being", "da": "___ foreløbig; ___ stadig; ___ endnu" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inerallarpoq", "natural": "it is provisionally finished (Nielsen2012's example, from inerpoq, 'it is finished')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +gallarpoq" ], "id": "V_gallaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_kisaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "negative command, don't Vb!", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_kisaq_Vb:ea5866e66d33", "items": [ { "text": "negative command, don't Vb!", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kisaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "don't ___! (negative command)", "da": "negativ kommando: lad være med at gøre det!", "en_short": { "default": "don't {{verb}}!" }, "da_short": "negativ kommando: lad være med at ___!", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A direct negative command. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷kisar-' entry (hold op med at vb-e, lad være med at vb-e -- 'stop Vb'ing, don't Vb'), which supplies the example below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "attukisaruk!", "natural": "don't touch it! (Nielsen2012's example, from attorpaa 'he touches it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2" ], "id": "V_kisaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_laaq_polite_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "softens the command; commonly used as a polite request" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-laaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "softens a command (polite request)", "en_short": "softens the command", "da": "blødgør kommandoen; høflig anmodning", "da_short": "blødgør kommandoen", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The politest of this chapter's imperative softeners -- AITWG-Affixes' own text on V_niaq_Vb (above) explicitly ranks this affix as MORE polite than that one; Nielsen2012 independently confirms the identical ranking on its own '÷laar- 2' entry ('høflig impt.'; cross-referenced there against '+niar- 3' by name), a real cross-source match on a specific comparative-politeness claim, not just the base gloss.", "examples": [ { "surface": "takulaaruk", "natural": "do have a look at this (Nielsen2012's example, from takuuk 'look at it!')" }, { "surface": "illikalaarit", "natural": "would you mind moving over a little (Nielsen2012's example, from illikarit 'move!')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2" ], "id": "V_laaq_polite_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_llariaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "negative imperative strengthener, don't (you) Vb!", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_llariaa_Vb:65986f9980e6", "items": [ { "text": "negative imperative strengthener, don't (you) Vb!", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llariaa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "don't you ___! (strong negative command)", "da": "forstærket forbud: lad endelig være med at gøre det!", "en_short": { "default": "don't you {{verb}}!" }, "da_short": "forstærket forbud: lad endelig være med at ___!", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Strengthens a negative command into an urgent warning. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷llariaa-' entry (forstærker negativ imperativ -- 'strengthens negative imperative'), which supplies the example below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "nakkallariaanak!", "natural": "watch out, don't fall! (Nielsen2012's example, from nakkarnak 'don't fall!')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2" ], "id": "V_llariaa_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_riaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "animated speech, 'come on, Vb!' (Imperative colouration sense); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with causative/conditional mood, 'as soon as he Vb'ed'; with contemporative mood, 'after he Vb'ed, then he...'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_riaq_Vb:e8da19aebd72", "items": [ { "text": "animated speech, 'come on, Vb!' (Imperative colouration sense); as a Sec.8.5 conjunctional affix with causative/conditional mood, 'as soon as he Vb'ed'; with contemporative mood, 'after he Vb'ed, then he...'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' consistent across every citation form on this entry grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "One morpheme, three related senses recurring across the Imperative colouration subsection (p.49) and Sec.8.5 (p.51, twice), kept as one entry per this file's header note. Nielsen2012 independently corroborates a matching multi-sense split under one shared '÷riar-' string: '÷riar- 3' (Sec.5.4.4.2, animeret tale, især imperativ -- matching the imperative sense), '÷riar- 4' (Sec.5.4.5.2, så snart sbj vb-ede/vb-er -- matching the causative/conditional 'as soon as' sense), and '÷riar- 5' (Sec.5.4.5.3, efter at have vb-et -- matching the contemporative 'after' sense) -- a striking three-way structural match to AITWG-Affixes' own three attested senses of this one recurring headword.", "A footnote on AITWG-Affixes p.52 (attached to a different Sec.8.5 entry, V_utege_Vb below) independently notes that this affix 'is an aq-stem, so it drops the final /aq/ before the morpheme {utə}' when compounded further -- recorded here as a cross-reference, not modeled as a field on this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "come on, ___!; or, as soon as he ___-ed; or, after he ___-ed", "en_short": "to set about to ___", "da": "livlig tale: 'kom nu, gør det!'", "da_short": "livlig tale: 'kom nu, ___!'", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Imperative sense: an animated exhortation, 'come on, do it!'. Conjunctional senses: 'as soon as' (causative/conditional) and 'after..., then' (contemporative).", "examples": [ { "surface": "Takoriaruk!", "natural": "come and see it! (Nielsen2012's example, imperative sense, from takuuk 'see it!')" }, { "surface": "Iseriarta!", "natural": "come on, let's go in! (Nielsen2012's example, imperative sense, from iserta 'let's go in!')" }, { "surface": "tikeriarama majuarpunga", "natural": "as soon as I arrived, I went up (Nielsen2012's example, conjunctional/causative sense, from tikippunga 'I arrive')" }, { "surface": "aningaasat tigoriarlugit anivunga", "natural": "I took the money and went out (Nielsen2012's example, conjunctional/contemporative sense)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_riaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" }, { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to set about to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riar", "notes": [ "Bracket -riaq; citation -riarpoq shows q->r weakening. Same gloss as V_nialiq_Vb above ('set about to Vb') but a genuinely distinct headword/form per AITWG-Affixes' own separate presentation -- kept as two entries, matching the N_kkataaq_N/N_kkallak_N precedent.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2 independently attests the identical root under a related but not identical gloss, '÷riar- 2, vb-e én gang/i ét ryk' ('Vb once/in one go'), with example kuseriarpoq ('a single drop fell', from kuserpoq, 'it drips') -- Nielsen's own gloss leans toward 'once, in one go' rather than AITWG-Affixes' 'set about to'; cited as corroborating the root's existence, not as an exact semantic match." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to set about to ___", "da": "at gå i gang med at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "set about to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "at gå i gang med at gøre det", "en_short": "to set about to ___", "da_short": "at gå i gang med at ___", "composition": { "en": "set about to ___", "da": "at gå i gang med at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kuseriarpoq", "natural": "a single drop fell (Nielsen2012's example, from kuserpoq, 'it drips')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2" ], "id": "V_riaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_riassa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "try and Vb!" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riassa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "The final morpheme in this combination is V_ssa_sentential_Vb (this repo's own entry above); no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific compound affix in the material checked, so its own irregular-ending inheritance is not asserted here as an inflection_sandhi value without that confirmation, unlike V_llassa_Vb above (where AITWG-Affixes' own text states the inheritance explicitly)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "try and ___!", "da": "prøv at gøre det!", "en_short": { "default": "try and {{verb}}!" }, "da_short": "prøv at ___!", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Urges an attempt at the verbal action. AITWG-Affixes' own worked example shows this affix on a request-making verb.", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqarfigeriassajuk!", "natural": "try and say something to him! (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from oqarfigaa 'he says something to him')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "V_riassa_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_riiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "has (already) Vb'ed; in the imperative use documented by AITWG-Affixes p.49, Vb already now!, immediately", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_riiq_Vb:b9e361e38674", "items": [ { "text": "has (already) Vb'ed; in the imperative use documented by AITWG-Affixes p.49, Vb already now!, immediately", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3", "AITWG:§11.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -reerpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riiq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own headword groups two related citation forms under one shared gloss, V{-riiq}V (-reerit!) and V{-riiginnaq}V (-reerinnarit!) -- combined here under one entry/ID, matching the source-driven combining precedent used throughout this file.", "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -reerpoq records commonly heard sideforms, especially southern: +sareerpoq on vowel stems and +tareerpoq on r/consonant stems. It gives already or finished with what was to be done (akilereerpaa, kaffisoreerpisi?). This records source-specific regional/form scope without a new automatic allomorph selector or substituting every imperative/mood form." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___ already now, immediately!", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb}} already, immediately" }, "da": "gør det nu med det samme!", "da_short": "___ nu med det samme!", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Urges immediate action -- 'do it right now!'. AITWG-Affixes gives only the bare citation forms for this entry, with no full worked-example sentence. Attested instead through Nielsen2012's own perfective pair -- qujavunga, 'jeg takker', vs qujareerlunga, 'pa forhand tak' in this repo's rendering ('thanks in advance') -- which the qujareerlunga vehicle below carries -- the perfective 'already' leg of the same -riiq morpheme the entry's imperative citation (-reerit!) shows the urgent leg of. The form is closed by the modern Oqaatsit1997 + Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts pair (plus Oqaasersiorfik2008). Batch K.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qujareerlunga", "natural": "thanking in advance (quja + -riiq + -lunga; Nielsen2012's 'pa forhand tak', Oqaatsit1997's headword with the same gloss)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.49", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3", "AITWG:§11.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -reerpoq" ], "id": "V_riiq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_gaanni_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "if/when one Vb's (impersonal, roughly Danish 'man' / English indefinite 'one')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_gaanni_Vb:69415aaa9e2b", "items": [ { "text": "if/when one Vb's (impersonal, roughly Danish 'man' / English indefinite 'one')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +gaanni" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+gaanni", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text explicitly calls this a 'pseudo-affix': a lexicalised combination of a morpheme {gaa} ('when(ever)', also the base of the iterative mood marker) and an 'impersonal' person marker {nni} -- not a single productive derivational affix the way the rest of this chapter's entries are, and notably given no trailing join-marker 'V' in the source's own bracket notation (V{gaanni}, not V{gaanni}V), which this file's header note on Sec.8.5's own notational conventions preserves as printed.", "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5), for whatever residual sandhi-classification value that has on a lexicalised, non-productive combination.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +gaanni calls this an invariant impersonal construction, hver gang man/når man, derived from +gaangat. It lists +gaanni for vowel stems, -raanni for r-stems and +kaanni for consonant stems; these are cited forms, not newly asserted executable class selectors." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "if one ___'s; when one ___'s", "da": "hvis man gør det; når man gør det", "en_short": { "default": "if one {{verb}}; when one {{verb}}", "third_singular": "if one {{verb:3sg}}; when one {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "hvis man ___; når man ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an impersonal 'when(ever) one Vb's' construction. Independently corroborated by Bjornum2012's own '+gaanni' entry (9-affikser.md), which supplies the example below matching AITWG-Affixes' own example verb almost exactly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "suligaanni", "natural": "when one works, (then)... (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from suli- 'to work')" }, { "surface": "anigaanni", "natural": "when one goes out (Bjornum2012's independent example, from anivoq 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +gaanni" ], "id": "V_gaanni_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_yuma_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "in order to Vb (contemporative mood); with negative contemporative, 'without Vb'ing' instead", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_yuma_Vb:20f11e4385df", "items": [ { "text": "in order to Vb (contemporative mood); with negative contemporative, 'without Vb'ing' instead", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3", "MOFO:vv/yuma" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+yuma", "notes": [ "Distinct from V_yumaaq_Vb (Sec.8.1, 'vague future') above: AITWG-Affixes' own bracket forms differ (V{yuma}V here vs. V{yumaaq}V there), and this entry's own citation (+jumalluni) shows no trailing /q/ before the contemporative ending, unlike yumaaq's own /q/-final citation forms -- kept as a separate entry per that distinct bracket notation, not conflated despite the superficially similar spelling.", "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5).", "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+juma- 2' entry (Sec.5.4.5.3, for at vb-e; +kuma- efter konsonant; kont. -- 'in order to Vb; +kuma- after a consonant; contemporative'), matching gloss, mood-conditioning, and the consonant-triggered -kuma- allomorph.", "Structured onset selection (MOFO:vv/yuma, corroborating Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.2 and §5.4.5.3): /Vy/ -> /Vj/ after vowels; /Cy/ -> /Cg/ after consonants, with /Cg/ strengthening to [kk] or q+g merging to [r]. The consonant rule is keyed as +kuma for every existing consonant-final stem_type. alveolar_schwa_stem also takes +kuma: MOFO explicitly derives majuut(ə)+yuma through /ty/->/tg/->[kk] after the additive affix deletes the parenthesized schwa. schwa_final_stem takes +juma. Vowel-onset keys record the documented spelling: +uma after i (j is not written after [i]), and +juma after other short or long vowels. These values select the affix onset; they do not encode the later kk/r strengthening or the rest of a complete word." ], "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "+juma", "alveolar_schwa_stem": "+kuma", "uvular_deleting_stem": "+kuma", "velar_metathesizing_stem": "+kuma", "uvular_retaining_stem": "+kuma", "velar_retaining_stem": "+kuma", "uvular_weakening_stem": "+kuma", "velar_weakening_stem": "+kuma", "uvular_final_stem": "+kuma", "velar_final_stem": "+kuma", "alveolar_final_stem": "+kuma" }, "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "+juma", "i": "+uma", "u": "+juma", "aa": "+juma", "ii": "+uma", "uu": "+juma" }, "examples": [ { "surface": "pisuttuarumalluni anivoq", "natural": "he went out in order to take a walk (Nielsen2012's example, from pisuttuarpoq 'he takes a walk')" } ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "in order to ___; or, without ___-ing", "en_short": "in order to ___ (contemporative mood)", "da": "for at gøre det", "da_short": "for at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks purpose, 'in order to Vb'; under negation, marks accompaniment instead, 'without Vb'ing'." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3", "MOFO:vv/yuma" ], "id": "V_yuma_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_ngaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "because it is so Vb that... (causative mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "Distinct from the unrelated nominal N_ngaaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, 'considerable/large N') -- a different word class and a different, though plausibly cognate, degree-intensifying sense; not conflated here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "because it is so ___ that...", "da": "fordi det er så meget sådan at...", "en_short": "because it is so ___ that...", "da_short": "fordi det er så meget sådan at", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a causal consequence of an intensified degree, 'because it is so Vb that...'. AITWG-Affixes gives only the bare conjunctional citation form for this entry; a plausible independent match, Bjornum2012's own '-ngaarpoq' entry (v-v, meget; i høj grad -- 'much; to a high degree'), corroborates the base degree-intensifying sense but not specifically the causative-mood conjunctional reading, so it is cited here as corroborating the base affix only, not the specific conjunctional construction.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ajungaarpoq", "natural": "it is very bad (Bjornum2012's example, base/ordinary sense, from ajorpoq 'it is bad')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ngaarpoq" ], "id": "V_ngaaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" }, { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb greatly (in a high degree)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngaar", "notes": [ "Bracket -ŋaaq; citation -ngaarpoq (ŋ respelled ng per this repo's established orthographic convention, q->r weakening).", "AITWG-Affixes' own text records that this affix combines with the negation affix V{ŋŋit}V to give V{-ŋaaŋŋit}V, -ngaanngilaq ('does not especially Vb') -- recorded here in prose only, not as a separate entry, since V{ŋŋit}V itself is a not-yet-modeled negation morpheme outside this chapter's own scope.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷ngaar- 1, vb-e meget, i høj grad' ('Vb a lot, in a high degree'), with examples neringaarpoq ('he eats a lot') and kuningaarpaa ('he kissed her a lot'), plus its own note that the affix can be repeated for emphasis and used as a bare interjection (kusanangaaq!, 'how lovely!'). Bjornum2012 independently corroborates with its own dedicated '-ngaarpoq v-v meget; i høj grad' entry, giving asangaarpaa ('loves him a lot') and ajungaarpoq ('is very bad') as its own examples, plus a further causative-mood usage note not modeled here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ greatly (in a high degree)", "da": "at gøre det meget (i høj grad)", "verb_phrase": "___ greatly (in a high degree)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det meget (i høj grad)", "en_short": "because it is so ___", "da_short": "at ___ meget (i høj grad)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "neringaarpoq", "natural": "he eats a lot (Nielsen2012's example, from nerivoq, 'he eats')" }, { "surface": "asangaarpaa", "natural": "he loves her a lot (Bjornum2012's example, from asavaa, 'he loves her')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.37", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -ngaarpoq" ], "id": "V_ngaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ngajaliq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "just before he Vb'ed (participial mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngajaliq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "just before he ___-ed", "da": "lige før han gjorde det", "en_short": { "default": "just before he {{verb:past}}", "past": "just before he {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "lige før han gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an action interrupted just before completion. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷ngajaler-' entry (Sec.5.4.5.3, lige før sbj vb-ede; particip. -- 'just before sbj Vb'ed; participial'), matching gloss and mood exactly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "matungajalersoq iserpoq", "natural": "he came in just before closing time (Nielsen2012's example, from matuvoq 'it is closed')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_ngajaliq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_niaqe_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "just as/even though he Vb'ed (contemporative mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niaqe", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Distinct from V_niaq_Vb (this file, above): a different bracket form (V{niaqə}V here, with the final schwa, vs. V{niaq}V there), matching AITWG-Affixes' own presentation as two separate headwords despite the similar spelling.", "AITWG-Affixes cites V{niaqə}V + contemporative as *+niaqaluni*; Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3 independently lists +niaqə- with aniniaqaluni -- source evidence that the affix is ə-final, not evidence that this repo currently builds those CONT surfaces. inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion classifies generic ə-final by convention (V_qquq_Vb / V_rataqe_Vb precedent); it does NOT encode *+niaqaluni / aniniaqaluni. Under current oq + ending data that path does not fire: fusion is a no-op on l-initial CONT; CONT TR lacks schwa_final_stem allomorphs; and stem_type is unset so CONT INTR -qaluni will not route either. CONT coverage only with real ending-side work. No special_ending_realizations table (AITWG gives the contemporative citation form, not a multi-mood paradigm to copy).", "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "just as he ___-ed; even though he ___-ed", "da": "lige som han gjorde det; selvom han gjorde det", "en_short": { "default": "just as he {{verb:past}}; even though he {{verb:past}}", "past": "just as he {{verb:past}}; even though he {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "lige som han gjorde det; selvom han gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a temporal-concessive relation, 'just as/even though he Vb'ed', often with an anticlimactic implication. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+niaqə-' entry (Sec.5.4.5.3, på trods af at/netop som sbj vb-ede, med antiklimaks; kont. -- 'despite/right as sbj Vb'ed, with anticlimax; contemporative'), which supplies the example below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aniniaqaluni susaarpoq", "natural": "even though he went out, he didn't catch anything (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_niaqe_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_niariaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "just after he Vb'ed (participial mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niariaq", "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "just after he ___-ed", "da": "lige efter han gjorde det", "en_short": { "default": "just after he {{verb:past}}", "past": "just after he {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "lige efter han gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an action immediately following another. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷niariar-' entry (Sec.5.4.5.3, lige så snart sbj vb-ede/havde vb-et; particip. -- 'as soon as sbj Vb'ed/had Vb'ed; participial'), which supplies both examples below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example), and which additionally notes an older-language use of this affix with causative mood -- a detail AITWG-Affixes' own text does not mention.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aallarniariartoq angerlarpoq", "natural": "as soon as he had left, she went home (Nielsen2012's example, from aallarpoq 'he leaves')" }, { "surface": "uninniariartoq orniippaa", "natural": "as soon as it stopped, he went over to it (Nielsen2012's example, from unippoq 'it stops')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_niariaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_niassa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "so that he Vb'ed (causative mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niassa", "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "so that he ___-ed", "da": "så han gjorde det", "en_short": { "default": "so that he {{verb:past}}", "past": "so that he {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "så han gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a purposive-causal relation, 'so that he Vb'ed'. AITWG-Affixes gives only a bare citation form for this entry, with no worked example; no Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 match was found for this specific compound affix in the material checked." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "V_niassa_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_niassaqe_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "though one should have Vb'ed (contemporative mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niassaqe", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes cites V{niassaqə}V + contemporative as *+niassaqaluni*; Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3 independently lists +niassaqə- with pulaarniassaqalugit -- source evidence that the affix is ə-final, not evidence that this repo currently builds those CONT surfaces. inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion classifies generic ə-final by convention (V_qquq_Vb / V_rataqe_Vb precedent); it does NOT encode *+niassaqaluni / pulaarniassaqalugit. Under current oq + ending data that path does not fire: fusion is a no-op on l-initial CONT; CONT TR lacks schwa_final_stem allomorphs (so TR *-lugit forms cannot route that way); and stem_type is unset so CONT INTR -qaluni will not route either. CONT coverage only with real ending-side work. No special_ending_realizations table (only contemporative citation forms are sourced, not a full mood paradigm).", "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "though one should have ___-ed", "da": "selvom man skulle have gjort det", "en_short": { "default": "though one should have {{verb:past}}", "past": "though one should have {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "selvom man skulle have gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks an unrealized obligation, 'though one should have Vb'ed'. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+niassaqə-' entry (Sec.5.4.5.3, selv om sbj skulle have vb-et/skulle til at vb-e (blev det ikke til noget) -- 'even though sbj should have Vb'ed/was about to Vb (it came to nothing)'), which supplies the example below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "pulaarniassaqalugit isummani allangortippaa", "natural": "though he should have visited them, he changed his mind (Nielsen2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_niassaqe_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_ngngitgallaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "before he Vb'ed (causative mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngitgallaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "Structurally a compound of V_ngngit_Vb (negation) plus V_gallaq_Vb (this file, above), though AITWG-Affixes presents it as its own bolded headword rather than cross-referencing those two entries explicitly; authored as its own entry here to match the source's own presentation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "before he ___-ed", "da": "før han gjorde det", "en_short": { "default": "before he {{verb:past}}", "past": "before he {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "før han gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a temporal boundary before an event, typically implying a contrast with the present. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷nngikkallar- 2' entry (Sec.5.4.5.2, før sbj vb-ede; implicerer normalt en kontrast i forhold til nutiden -- 'before sbj Vb'ed; usually implies a contrast with the present'), matching gloss closely, and separately noted there to combine with the enclitic -li (this repo's own ENCL_li_since, kalaallisut_data/enclitics.yaml) to add an 'also before' nuance -- a detail AITWG-Affixes' own text does not mention.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sulinngikkallarmat", "natural": "back when he did not yet work (Nielsen2012's example, from sulivoq 'he works')" }, { "surface": "atualinngikkallarmat", "natural": "before he started school (Nielsen2012's example, from atualerpoq 'he begins school')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.50", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.2" ], "id": "V_ngngitgallaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_qqaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "only after Vb'ing; just after Vb'ing (contemporative or causative mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "Distinct from V_qquq_Vb (Sec.8.2, this file, above) and V_qqajaqe_Vb (Sec.8.2): a different bracket form (V{qqaaq}V) from either, despite the superficially similar spelling; AITWG-Affixes presents all three as separate headwords." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "only after ___-ing; just after ___-ing", "en_short": "only after ___-ing", "da": "først efter at have gjort det; lige efter at have gjort det", "da_short": "først efter at have gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a strict temporal sequence, 'only after...'. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷qqaarsinnar-' entry (Sec.5.4.5.3, efter først at have vb-et; kont. -- 'after first having Vb'ed; contemporative'), a related but not identical compound (with V_sinnaq_conj_Vb, below, fused on) -- cited here as corroborating the base 'qqaar-/only-after' sense, not as an exact match of the bare V_qqaaq_Vb + contemporative/causative construction AITWG-Affixes itself describes.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sineqqaarsinnarluni", "natural": "after first having slept (Nielsen2012's related example, from sinippoq 'he sleeps')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_qqaaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" }, { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb first (presupposes several Vb'ings of which this is the first)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqaar", "notes": [ "Bracket qqaaq; citation -qqaarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "AITWG-Affixes' own worked example: oqaqqaarpoq ('he said something (as the) first'), with a note that this implies several others will speak afterward.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2 (not §5.3.3.3) lists ÷qqaar-, doing something first or being the first to do it, with sianerfigeqqaarpaa. The neighboring ÷qqaa- means just having begun, a distinct form and sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ first", "da": "at gøre det først", "verb_phrase": "___ first (presupposes several ___'ings of which this is the first)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det først", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} first" }, "da_short": "at ___ først", "composition": { "da": "at ___ først" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oqaqqaarpoq", "natural": "he said something (as the) first (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from oqarpoq, 'he says something')" }, { "surface": "sianerfigeqqaarpaa", "natural": "he called her first (Nielsen2012's example, from sianerfigaa, 'he calls her')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.43", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2" ], "id": "V_qqaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qqu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "in order for the patient to Vb (intentional causation with positive contemporative); in order for the patient not to Vb, or to avoid the patient Vb'ing (negative contemporative); also intended content after an utterance verb", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qqu_Vb:30f8e147c50b", "items": [ { "text": "in order for the patient to Vb (intentional causation with positive contemporative); in order for the patient not to Vb, or to avoid the patient Vb'ing (negative contemporative); also intended content after an utterance verb", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§10.9", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqu", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG:§10.9 attests purpose beyond utterance verbs: Piitamut takoqqullunga nikuippunga (I got up for Peter to see me), and negative Piitamut takoqqunanga ingippunga (I sat down to avoid Peter seeing me). With a divalent base, its underlying agent is allative and its patient is unchanged; see the existing Definition 9.7 role mapping. The fourth-person marker is selected when that patient is the third-person main-clause subject. These clause-level conditions are source notes, not an implemented antecedent binder.", "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "Distinct from V_qquq_Vb (Sec.8.2, this file, above) despite the similar spelling: a different bracket form (V{qqu}V here, no final /q/, vs. V{qquq}V there), and AITWG-Affixes presents them as separate headwords with unrelated glosses ('must seemingly have Vb'ed' vs. this entry's purposive 'in order to')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "in order for {{Actor}} to ___; or, to avoid {{Actor}} ___-ing", "en_short": "in order for the patient to ___ (intentional causation with positive contemporative)", "da": "for at gøre det (bl.a. efter et sige-udsagnsord)", "da_short": "for at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Also marks intended content after an utterance verb -- roughly 'to (do something)', with the person ending marking the object of the request in the Kalaallisut construction. Independently and extensively corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷qqu- 3' entry (Sec.5.4.5.3), which documents the identical utterance-verb construction with several worked examples, including the same negative-contemporative-as-'category prohibition' extension AITWG-Affixes describes elsewhere in this chapter for other affixes.", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqarfigaa angerlaqqullugu", "natural": "she told him to go home (Nielsen2012's example, from angerlarpoq 'he goes home')" }, { "surface": "meeqqanut aapakaat takoqqullugit uumasuusivimmukarpugut", "natural": "we went to the zoo so that the children could see the monkeys (Nielsen2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.9", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_qqu_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" }, { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A bids/asks P to Vb; used with an intransitive ending and no HTR-morpheme, the meaning is passive: S asks/bids (someone) to Vb him", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qqu_Vb:ab70e15674f4", "items": [ { "text": "A bids/asks P to Vb; used with an intransitive ending and no HTR-morpheme, the meaning is passive: S asks/bids (someone) to Vb him", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qquaa", "AITWG:§9.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqu", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "qq-initial affix (consonant cluster): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kNGpqr/-initial rule and AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4's phonotactic-truncativity rule both apply, the same dual grounding as this repo's N_kkaaq_N.", "Intransitive form uses the HTR-morpheme {ci}, giving -qqusivoq per AITWG-Affixes' own text -- directly matched by Bjornum2012's own paradigm note '-qqusivoq (halvtransitiv)' immediately under its own -qquaa entry.", "AITWG:§9.4, Figure 9.3 and Definition 9.6, pp.184–186: on a monovalent host its actor becomes the affix's patient and transitive object; on a divalent host the host's agent becomes the affix's patient and an optional allative indirect object, while the host's original patient remains the transitive object and the affix's new agent becomes the transitive subject. Compare Piitaq sineqquaa (he bids Peter sleep) with Kaalip Piitamut qimmeq takoqquaa (Carl bade Peter see the dog). This concerns the derivational agentive sense, not the homonymous sentential purposive record." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_qqu_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} bids {{Patient}} to ___; {{Actor}} asks {{Patient}} to ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} bids/asks {{Patient}} to ___", "da": "nogen beder nogen til at gøre det; nogen opfordrer nogen til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "bid {{Patient}} to ___; ask {{Patient}} to ___; used with an intransitive ending and no HTR-morpheme, the meaning is passive: {{Subject}} asks to ___ him; used with an intransitive ending and no HTR-morpheme, the meaning is passive: {{Subject}} bids to ___ him ({{Actor}})", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen beder nogen til at gøre det; nogen opfordrer nogen til at gøre det", "da_short": "beder nogen om at ___; opfordrer nogen til at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Richly and independently corroborated by both other sources: Nielsen2012 splits this into '÷qqu- 1 (si-)' (transitive) and '÷qqu- 2' (intransitive) with a detailed matching description (including the same kontemporativ-after-a-speech-verb intensification pattern AITWG-Affixes' own V_qqu_Vb-adjacent chapter discussion mentions elsewhere in this book); Bjornum2012's own '-qquaa' v-v entry is glossed almost word for word identically ('siger at han skal; siger at han gerne må; beder ham om at').", "examples": [ { "surface": "angerlaqquaanga", "natural": "he asked me to come home (Bjornum2012's example, from angerlarpoq, 'he goes/comes home')" }, { "surface": "aneqquaa", "natural": "he asked him to go out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" }, { "surface": "iseqquaa", "natural": "he invited him in, told him to come in (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from iserpoq, 'he comes in')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qquaa", "AITWG:§9.4" ], "id": "V_qqu_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_riallaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "when he had Vb'ed; surprise (causative or participial mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riallaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "when he had ___-ed (surprise)", "en_short": "when he had ___-ed", "da": "da han havde gjort det; overraskelse", "da_short": "da han havde gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a completed action with an element of surprise. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷riallar- 2' entry (Sec.5.4.5.2, da sbj vb-ede, skete der noget overraskende; kaus. og particip. -- 'when sbj Vb'ed, something surprising happened; causative and participial'), which supplies both examples below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "iseriallarami taavaana...", "natural": "when he came in, lo and behold... (Nielsen2012's example, from iserpoq 'he comes in')" }, { "surface": "tikeriallartoq ilani aallareersimasut", "natural": "when he arrived, to his surprise his friends had already left (Nielsen2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.2" ], "id": "V_riallaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_rianguallaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "first when he has Vb'ed, did... (participial mood)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_rianguallaq_Vb:f0186bf416ac", "items": [ { "text": "first when he has Vb'ed, did... (participial mood)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-riannguallartoq#e13904", "Oqaasersiorfik2008:-riannguallartoq (o-t)#e17059" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riannguallaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "Spelling corrected Batch M from the single-n '-rianguallaq' this entry previously carried -- both dictionary headwords print double-n '-rianngua-' (Oqaatsit1997:-riannguallartoq#e13904, Oqaasersiorfik2008:-riannguallartoq (o-t)#e17059); the single-n form was this repo's own mistranscription, not a variant.", "No Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific affix in the material checked -- structurally it looks like a compound of V_riaq_Vb (this file, above) plus an nnguaq-like augmentation (cf. V_nnguaq_Vb, this file) plus V_llaq_Vb, but AITWG-Affixes presents it as its own bolded headword and no source confirms that decomposition directly, so it is not asserted here.", "Oqaatsit1997's own headword prints three full compound surfaces (aasariannguallartoq 'først da det blev sommer...', taarseriannguallartoq 'efter at det er blevet mørkt...', unnoriannguallartoq 'det blev aften før...'); Oqaasersiorfik2008 prints aasariannguallartoq. See aasariannguallartoq in kalaallisut_data/worked_examples/verbal.yaml (Batch M)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "only once he had ___-ed, did...", "da": "først da han havde gjort det, gjorde...", "en_short": { "default": "only once he had {{verb:past}}", "past": "only once he had {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "først da han havde gjort det, gjorde", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks that an event only happened once a precondition was met (Oqaatsit1997 headword aasariannguallartoq; Batch M worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "aasariannguallartoq", "natural": "only once summer had arrived (Oqaatsit1997 own headword example; translation ours)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Oqaatsit1997:-riannguallartoq#e13904", "Oqaasersiorfik2008:-riannguallartoq (o-t)#e17059" ], "id": "V_rianguallaq_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_ruttuq_temporal_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "just as he Vb'ed (participial mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ruttuq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "just as he ___-ed", "da": "lige som han gjorde det", "en_short": { "default": "just as he {{verb:past}}", "past": "just as he {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "lige som han gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks two events as exactly simultaneous. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷ruttor- 2' entry (Sec.5.4.5.3, alt imens -- 'all the while'), which supplies both examples below (AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "atuaruttortunga iserpoq", "natural": "he came in just as I was reading (Nielsen2012's example, from atuarpunga 'I read')" }, { "surface": "sineruttorluni itersartippoq", "natural": "he was woken up just as he fell asleep (Nielsen2012's example, from sinippoq 'he sleeps')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_ruttuq_temporal_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_tsiisige_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "until he Vb's (contemporative mood); a related nominal form built with the passive participle plus 3sg possessive marks the same meaning nominally" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(t)siisige", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text describes this affix's first part as V{(t)sii}V, where /t/ is regularly inserted only on vowel stems, but NOT then assimilated by /s/ -- giving tsiivaa on both vowel stems and t-stems (where the stem's own final /t/ likewise is not assimilated). Not modeled as a right_sandhi/left_sandhi enum value: this specific 'inserted-but-not-assimilated /t/' pattern does not match any existing value's established scope in this schema; recorded in prose.", "Leading '+' (on the parenthetical-/(t)/-conditioned base form) grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5).", "AITWG-Affixes also describes a possessed nominal construction with the broad temporal meaning “until/before the subject Vb's”; it is modeled separately as V_tsiisaa_N in kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml. AITWG-Affixes analyzes its second constituent as passive participle V{-ðaq}N, whereas MOFO analyzes it differently; see V_tsiisaa_N's notes. This nominal entry does not establish the morphology or independent attestation of this verbal contemporative-mood affix.", "UPDATE (jandahl/oq#375 research pass): the nominal construction IS now independently corroborated and modeled as its own entry, V_tsiisaa_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml) -- Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4 independently attests it under its own headword ('+(t)siisə, i tiden inden sbj vb-er') and gives isersiisaa sulivoq. The headword and example match the broad temporal meaning and possessed surface form, not the disputed identity of the nominal second constituent (see V_tsiisaa_N's notes). This entry's own VERBAL contemporative-mood sense, however, remains attested only by AITWG-Affixes: no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for the verbal form specifically in the material checked, and MOFO:vv/(t)siisəgə -- cross-reference only, not independent corroboration, same author as AITWG-Affixes -- is the only other source with a matching page. allomorphs is left unpopulated: no worked example of this VERBAL sense exists on record at all (contrast the nominal V_tsiisaa_N, which now has one), so there is no host to key a class on." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "until he ___'s", "en_short": "until he ___-s (contemporative mood)", "da": "indtil han gør det", "da_short": "indtil han ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a temporal endpoint, 'until he Vb's'. AITWG-Affixes gives only the bare citation form for the verbal sense and one example for the nominal sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "+(t)siisaa", "natural": "until he Vb's (AITWG-Affixes' own example of the related nominal construction, with 3sg possessive N{-a} marking 'he')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "V_tsiisige_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_sinnaq_conj_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "after Vb'ing; after having Vb'ed first (contemporative or participial mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sinnaq", "notes": [ "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5).", "DISAMBIGUATION from ability V_sinnaa_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml): AITWG-Affixes prints that ability head as V{sinnau}V and derives ornissinnaa- from ornip- plus -sinnaa (pp.1–2). This is a distinct bracket form and meaning from this entry's V{sinnaq}V “after first Vb-ing”; the two are not conflated.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sinnarluni gives after having done first with the qualification kun kontemporativ (contemporative only). AITWG-Affixes:p.51 separately lists contemporative +sinnarluni and participial +sinnartoq. The sources agree on the after-first meaning but do not state the same mood restriction; retain the source-specific distinction." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "after ___-ing (having done it first)", "en_short": "after ___-ing", "da": "efter at have gjort det; efter først at have gjort det", "da_short": "efter at have gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks that one action was completed first, before another. Bjornum2012 supplies the two contemporative examples below and explicitly says contemporative only. AITWG-Affixes:p.51 also lists a participial construction; its broader mood inventory is not corroborated by Bjornum's restriction.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nerisinnarluni anivoq", "natural": "he ate first and then went out (Bjornum2012's example, from nerivoq 'he eats')" }, { "surface": "aviisi atuarsinnarlugu anivoq", "natural": "having read the newspaper first, he went out (Bjornum2012's example, from atuarpaa 'he reads it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sinnarluni" ], "id": "V_sinnaq_conj_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_sure_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "if perhaps he might be Vb'ing (indirect/polite question, contemporative mood) -- the Sec.8.5 conjunctional sense of the same V{surə}V morpheme already modeled by this repo's pre-existing V_suri_Vb entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, 'Agent thinks that Patient Vb's')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_sure_Vb:51453d02530f", "items": [ { "text": "if perhaps he might be Vb'ing (indirect/polite question, contemporative mood) -- the Sec.8.5 conjunctional sense of the same V{surə}V morpheme already modeled by this repo's pre-existing V_suri_Vb entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, 'Agent thinks that Patient Vb's')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§10.9", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sure", "notes": [ "AITWG:§10.9 Figure 10.5 gives the whether-perhaps construction with mixed transitive and intransitive contemporative endings: fourth-person intransitive marking is required when the referenced third person is the main-clause subject. With a divalent base, the underlying agent is ignored and the patient is unchanged (Definition 9.7). These are construction qualifications, not eight word-specific ending selectors; the written +sure does not by itself establish an unrestricted phonemic equivalence.", "This is the identical underlying morpheme as V_suri_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml; MOFO's own phonemic analysis there is V{surə}V, DAKA +soraa/+sorinnippoq -- the same bracket form used by AITWG-Affixes here). Rather than re-deriving V_suri_Vb's own already-cited sandhi/morphology facts a second time, this entry cross-references it and models only the additional 'polite indirect question' sentential/conjunctional sense that AITWG-Affixes ch.8 §8.5 documents and V_suri_Vb's own scope (the core 'thinks that' sense) does not cover.", "Leading '+' grounds boundary_behavior:additive (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.5), consistent with V_suri_Vb's own boundary_behavior." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "if perhaps he might be ___-ing (polite question)", "en_short": "if perhaps he might be ___-ing (indirect/polite question, contemporative mood)", "da": "om han måske er ved at gøre det", "da_short": "om han måske er ved at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Softens a question into an indirect, polite form, 'if perhaps...'. AITWG-Affixes' own worked example shows this construction embedded as the complement of a request verb.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aperiartorpara ilaasinnaasoralunga", "natural": "I went over to ask him if perhaps I might be able to come along (AITWG-Affixes' own example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.9", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "V_sure_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_tet_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "while he Vb'ed (contemporative mood); until/before he Vb'ed (negative mood) -- the Sec.8.5 conjunctional senses of the same V{tət}V morpheme already modeled by this repo's pre-existing V_tit_Vb entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, the causative sense), which is truncative on t-stems", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_tet_Vb:d0a25fd0c0cd", "items": [ { "text": "while he Vb'ed (contemporative mood); until/before he Vb'ed (negative mood) -- the Sec.8.5 conjunctional senses of the same V{tət}V morpheme already modeled by this repo's pre-existing V_tit_Vb entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, the causative sense), which is truncative on t-stems", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§10.9", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tet", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG:§10.9 uses transitive contemporative person markers for while/before, but intransitive fourth-person markers when the referenced third person is the main-clause subject (Figure 10.4). This mixed construction is not the ordinary same-subject contemporative rule.", "This is the identical underlying morpheme as V_tit_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) -- that entry's own notes already anticipated exactly this additional sense as unmodeled: 'while/before Patient Vb'ed' with (positive/negative) contemporative endings. Rather than re-deriving V_tit_Vb's own already-cited causative-sense sandhi/morphology facts a second time, this entry cross-references it and models only the contemporative/negative 'while/until' sentential/conjunctional sense AITWG-Affixes ch.8 §8.5 documents.", "AITWG:§10.9 footnote 13 says V{tət}V is normally additive, truncative only on t-stems and ut(ə)-stems. The attested illumiitillunga and qaqqamiitillugu demonstrate the t-stem case; they do not justify truncating every consonant-final base. The existing left_sandhi:truncative remains an operative hold: it is broader than this source rule. The consumer's existing schwa_buffered_truncative handles t-stems only, not the complete ut(ə) condition; a source-grounded shared implementation and counterexamples are required before changing the operative field." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "while he ___-ed; or, until he ___-ed; or, before he ___-ed", "en_short": "while he ___-ed (contemporative mood)", "da": "mens han gjorde det; indtil han gjorde det; før han gjorde det", "da_short": "mens han gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks simultaneity ('while') or a temporal boundary under negation ('until/before'). Both AITWG-Affixes' own worked examples show this affix combined with a locative-derived verb stem.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illumiitillunga", "natural": "while I was in the house (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from illu 'house' + locative + a locative verbalizer + this affix + contemporative)" }, { "surface": "+tinnagu", "natural": "until/before he Vb'ed (AITWG-Affixes' own abstract citation form, negative-mood sense, with the Patient marker {gu} in the ending)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.9", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "V_tet_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_utege_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "at the same time as he Vb'ed (contemporative mood); the first part of this affix, V_ut_N (this repo's existing means/instrument deverbal noun), is a nominal 'means/instrument/cause for V-ing' stem also underlying a few other nominal forms with sentence-like meanings: preceded by V_llaq_Vb, 'just as he Vb'ed' (-llaataa); preceded by V_niaq_Vb + V_riaq_Vb, 'just as he Vb'ed' (+niariutaa) -- both marked by 3sg possessive N{-a}", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_utege_Vb:8de23e21a3d7", "items": [ { "text": "at the same time as he Vb'ed (contemporative mood); the first part of this affix, V_ut_N (this repo's existing means/instrument deverbal noun), is a nominal 'means/instrument/cause for V-ing' stem also underlying a few other nominal forms with sentence-like meanings: preceded by V_llaq_Vb, 'just as he Vb'ed' (-llaataa); preceded by V_niaq_Vb + V_riaq_Vb, 'just as he Vb'ed' (+niariutaa) -- both marked by 3sg possessive N{-a}", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG-Affixes:p.52", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-utege", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Leading '-' grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "AITWG-Affixes' own footnote to this entry (p.52) notes that V_riaq_Vb (this file, above) is an aq-stem and so drops its own final /aq/ before this affix's nominal base V_ut_N when the two combine (V{niaq}V + V{-riaq}V -> V{niariutə}N, this repo''s V_niariut_N) -- recorded here in prose, cross-referenced against V_riaq_Vb's own entry, not modeled as a separate field.", "No Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this verbal contemporative use of V_utege_Vb in the material checked. The two nominal temporal constructions are separately modeled as V_llaataa_N and V_niariut_N, both documented in AITWG-Affixes p.51-52; do not transfer the verbal form's evidence limits to those nominal entries.", "MOFO:vv/-utəgə and the exact Oqaatsit -utigaluni/-itigaluni rows independently bind this temporal use to contemporative endings. A third-person main-clause subject takes coreferential fourth-person marking, as in aniutigaluni. Instantaneous events allow just as, while durative events allow while. The source records optional i for u after a preceding i-sound (neriitigaluni beside neriutigaluni), not a mandatory allomorph. These attestations do not approve a finite -utigaa use or a general optional-variant selector.", "Output class is independently source-described: MOFO records schwa_stem and explicitly says the contemporative endings are ə-contractive. The stem_type and schwa_vowel_fusion declarations encode that output property, separate from the unchanged truncative input. They do not encode optional u-to-i alternation after a preceding i-sound." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "at the same time as he ___-ed", "en_short": "at the same time as he ___-ed (contemporative mood)", "da": "samtidig med at han gjorde det", "da_short": "samtidig med at han gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Temporal coincidence: just as with an instantaneous event, or while with a durative action. AITWG-Affixes supplies no bare worked word, but MOFO and exact Ordbogi1977/Oqaatsit1997 suffix rows independently print the examples below. The two separately modeled nominal temporal constructions remain distinct.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aniutigaluni", "natural": "just as he/she goes out (same subject as the main clause)" }, { "surface": "neriitigaluni", "natural": "while he/she eats (same subject as the main clause; an optional i-form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.51", "AITWG-Affixes:p.52", "AITWG:§2.4", "MOFO:vv/-utəgə", "Ordbogi1977:-utigaluni#e10779", "Oqaatsit1997:-utigaluni#e18647", "Oqaatsit1997:-itigaluni#e5537" ], "id": "V_utege_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_ffaarik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject Vb's extraordinarily/unusually well (an emphatic intensifier restricted to describing a genuinely positive/pleasurable quality or state; the verbal counterpart of this repo's existing N_ffaarik_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ffaarik_Vb:ef052d05a7d3", "items": [ { "text": "Subject Vb's extraordinarily/unusually well (an emphatic intensifier restricted to describing a genuinely positive/pleasurable quality or state; the verbal counterpart of this repo's existing N_ffaarik_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ffaarik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Double-consonant onset (ff- < geminated /vv/): same AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 phonotactic-truncativity grounding already used for this repo's N_ffaarik_N (its own N-side cognate), and matching Nielsen2012's own '÷' (truncative) headword mark for this exact affix.", "Classified as a Sec.8.4 Subjective-colouration sentential affix, not a plain verbal_modifiers.yaml degree intensifier, because Nielsen2012 itself files this affix under §5.4.4.1 'Emfase' (within §5.4.4 'Vb_sub Subjektiv farvning') -- the identical subsection already housing several of this file's own existing entries (V_galuttuaqe_Vb, V_gi_sentential_Vb, V_llaq_Vb, all cited from §5.4.4.1) -- not merely a neutral degree-intensifier (contrast this repo's plain verbal_modifiers.yaml entries like V_ngaaq_Vb/V_kutsuuq_Vb, 'Vb greatly/a lot', with no comparable emotional-colouration restriction); AITWG-Affixes' own Chapter 8 transcription (docs/affixlist/8-sentential-affixes.md) does not separately attest this specific affix, so this classification rests on Nielsen2012's own parallel taxonomy alone, per this file's header note that Nielsen2012 §5.4 is 'structurally parallel to this entire AITWG-Affixes chapter'.", "No AITWG-Affixes citation exists for the V-side of this affix at all (only its N-side cognate, N{vvaarik}N, appears in AITWG-Affixes chapter 4, already modeled as N_ffaarik_N) -- this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___'s extraordinarily well; ___'s unusually well", "da": "nogen gør det usædvanligt godt; nogen gør det ekstraordinært godt", "verb_phrase": "___-s extraordinarily/unusually well (an emphatic intensifier restricted to describing a genuinely positive/pleasurable quality or state; the verbal counterpart of this repo's existing N_ffaarik_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml)", "en_short": "{{Subject}} ___-s extraordinarily; {{Subject}} ___-s unusually", "da_short": "nogen ___ usædvanligt godt; nogen ___ ekstraordinært godt", "composition": { "en": "___-s extraordinarily well; ___-s unusually well", "da": "___ usædvanligt godt; ___ ekstraordinært godt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ usædvanligt godt; ___ ekstraordinært godt" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the verbal action or state as an extraordinary, unusually good instance of its kind -- restricted to inherently positive/pleasurable senses. Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷ffaarig-' entry (§5.4.4.1), glossed 'vb-e virkelig godt' ('Vb genuinely/really well'), restricted there (matching N_ffaarik_N's own cross-referenced restriction) to 'verber med positiv betydning' ('verbs with positive meaning').", "examples": [ { "surface": "inequnaffaarippoq", "natural": "she is unusually/extraordinarily lovely (Nielsen2012's example, from inequnarpoq, 'she is lovely')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_ffaarik_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_nnguakkulug_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "the unfortunate/poor one Vb's (a pitying emphatic tone; the verbal counterpart of this repo's existing N_nnguakkuluk_N, 'poor little N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nnguakkulug_Vb:e902302e1221", "items": [ { "text": "the unfortunate/poor one Vb's (a pitying emphatic tone; the verbal counterpart of this repo's existing N_nnguakkuluk_N, 'poor little N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnguakkuluk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "NG-geminate-initial affix: grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative per AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋŋpqr/-initial rule, the same reasoning already used for this file's V_nnguaq_Vb and V_ngngit_Vb, and for this affix's own N-side sibling N_nnguakkuluk_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml).", "Nielsen2012's own citation spells this affix with a word-final 'g' (voiced, additive-marked '÷nnguakkulug-'); its own worked example shows total assimilation to /pp/ before the following -poq ending (tikinnguakkulug+poq -> tikinnguakkuluppoq). underlying_form here normalizes to the voiceless '-k' spelling, matching the sibling N_nnguakkuluk_N and this file's own -g/-k normalization precedent (cf. V_ffaarik_Vb, V_kasik_Vb).", "Classified as a Sec.8.4-type sentential/subjective-colouration affix, not a plain verbal_modifiers.yaml degree intensifier, because Nielsen2012 files it under the identical §5.4.4.1 'Emfase' subsection already housing this file's V_ffaarik_Vb/V_kasik_Vb/V_llaq_Vb/V_ngucaq_Vb/V_nnguaq_Vb/V_rataq_Vb entries. No AITWG-Affixes chapter 8 headword was found for this specific form (grepped docs/affixlist/8-sentential-affixes.md for 'kulug'/'kuluppoq' -- no hit; the only 'kuluk' hit there is the unrelated V_kuluk_Vb, 'is rather/quite Vb'ing'), so this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone.", "Nielsen2012's own headword attributes this specific form to 'Fr. Nielsen' (a distinct source cited within the grammar, not the author Flemming A.J. Nielsen) -- recorded here for citation hygiene, not modeled as a separate field." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the poor one ___'s (pitying tone)", "da": "den stakkels gør det; den ulykkelige gør det", "en_short": "the unfortunate one ___-s; the poor one ___-s", "da_short": "den stakkels ___; den ulykkelige ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Colours the verbal action with pity for the subject -- 'the poor/unfortunate one Vb's'. The verbal-word-class counterpart of the already-modeled nominal N_nnguakkuluk_N ('poor little N').", "examples": [ { "surface": "tikinnguakkuluppoq", "natural": "the poor fellow has come home (Nielsen2012's example, from tikippoq, 'he arrives')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.1" ], "id": "V_nnguakkulug_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_llaqi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "let him just Vb; I wish he would Vb (optative mood)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llaqi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' consistent with citation form -llaqili grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "Nielsen2012 lists this as the sole member of its own §5.4.5.1 'Optativ' subgroup (1 affix), restricted to optative mood; no AITWG-Affixes or Bjornum2012 match was found for this specific headword during this check." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "let him just ___; I wish he would ___", "en_short": "let him just ___", "da": "lad ham dog bare gøre det; gid han ville gøre det", "da_short": "lad ham dog bare ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a third-person wish or permissive -- 'let him (just) Vb', 'I wish he would Vb'; restricted to optative mood.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anillaqili", "natural": "let him just go (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.1" ], "id": "V_llaqi_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_llannguar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "without having Vb'ed at all (negative kontemporativ)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llannguar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' consistent with citation form -llannguarnani grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "No AITWG-Affixes or Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this exact headword during this check; mofo-mirror/site independently lists a matching morpheme (bracket V{llaŋŋuaq}V, citation -llannguarnani, same 'without having Vb'ed at all' gloss) -- noted here as context only, not cited as provenance per this repo's MOFO-citation policy.", "Oqaatsit1997:-llannguarnani#e7081 directly lists the negative-contemporative form and examples, including akiliillannguarnani (‘without having paid anything at all’)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "without having ___-ed at all", "da": "uden overhovedet at have gjort det", "en_short": { "default": "without having {{verb:past}}", "past": "without having {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "uden overhovedet at have gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks that an action was never begun before another took place -- restricted to (negative) kontemporativ.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nerillannguarnani anivoq", "natural": "he left without having eaten at all (Nielsen2012's example, from nerivoq 'he eats')" }, { "surface": "akiliillannguarnani", "natural": "without having paid anything at all (Oqaatsit1997's direct example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3", "Oqaatsit1997:-llannguarnani#e7081" ], "id": "V_llannguar_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_llarsinnar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "after having Vb'ed (kontemporativ)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llarsinnar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' consistent with citation form -llarsinnarluni grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "Superficially resembles a fusion of this file's own V_llaq_Vb (÷llar-, 'Vb violently/suddenly') and V_sinnaq_conj_Vb (+sinnar-, 'after FIRST having Vb'ed'), but Nielsen2012 catalogs it as its own headword with a distinct gloss lacking both the violence and the 'first' components, and no source confirms that segmentation -- kept as its own entry rather than asserted as a combination, unlike the confirmed +galuaraan- case above." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "after having ___-ed", "da": "efter at have gjort det", "en_short": { "default": "after having {{verb:past}}", "past": "after having {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "efter at have gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks that one action was completed before another began -- kontemporativ only.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anillarsinnarluni", "natural": "after having gone out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_llarsinnar_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_llatsiaannar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "sentential_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "after having Vb'ed for only a short time (kontemporativ)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llatsiaannar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Leading '-' consistent with citation form -llatsiaannarluni grounds boundary_behavior:truncating and left_sandhi:truncative (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "No AITWG-Affixes or Bjornum2012 corroboration, and no matching mofo-mirror entry, was found for this exact headword during this check." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "after ___-ing for only a short time", "da": "efter kun kort at have gjort det", "en_short": { "default": "after {{verb:gerund}} briefly", "gerund": "after {{verb:gerund}} briefly" }, "da_short": "efter kun kort at have gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks that an action lasted only briefly before another followed -- kontemporativ only.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sulillatsiaannarluni aneqqippoq", "natural": "after having worked only a short while, he left again (Nielsen2012's example, from sulivoq 'he works')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.4.5.3" ], "id": "V_llatsiaannar_Vb", "category": "sentential_affixes" } ], "V_tuusaar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S pretends to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tuusaar", "notes": [ "Bracket form V{duucaaq}V; AITWG-Affixes' own text says this is 'a combination of V{duq}N (intransitive participle) and N{-ucaaq}V', both compositional pieces this repo doesn't yet have as their own entries -- recorded here as the source's own etymological claim, not independently re-derived.", "'+' citation mark (Definition 2.5, additive sandhi) grounds the additive template directly, consistent with the participle+verbalizer compound it's built from.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration found for this specific compound (checked both under 'tuusaar' and 'ucaaq')." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tuusaar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} pretends to ___", "da": "nogen lader som om han gør det (verbet)", "verb_phrase": "pretend to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen lader som om han gør det", "en_short": { "default": "pretends to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "nogen lader som om han ___", "composition": { "en": "pretend to ___", "da": "nogen lader som om han ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tuusaarpoq", "natural": "he pretends (AITWG-Affixes' own abstract citation form, not tied to a specific base verb in the source)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.29" ], "id": "V_tuusaar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_gi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A considers P (too) Vb'ing", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-gi", "notes": [ "Bracket V{-ge}V; underlying_form respells the bracket's final schwa as 'i', directly confirmed by the source's own parenthetical intransitive citation '-ginnippoq' (built with the HTR-morpheme {nnek}), which shows the affix surfacing as -gi- before that ending -- not merely inferred by analogy.", "Left_sandhi/boundary_behavior deliberately left at this template's plain truncating default rather than a specific enum value: AITWG-Affixes' own text says this affix 'is generally truncative on consonant stems, except on q-stems where /qg/ regularly fuses to /r/' -- a real, described exception the schema has no single value that captures cleanly (truncative-by-default-with-a-fusional-exception), recorded in prose per this repo's established practice of declining to force a mismatched enum value (e.g. N_giit_N, N_luinnaq_N).", "Especially used on verbal stems with an adjectival/stative meaning ('S is big', 'S is distant', etc.), per the source's own restriction.", "The parenthetical '(too)' is Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1's own '(for)' in 'synes obj er (for) vb-ende' and MOFO's own caveat that 'the meaning of too may not always be appropriate'. Non-excess readings are in-scope: Nielsen's isoraa ('considers criticizable') and misigaa ('feels it'), and MOFO's own worked example ajoraa from {ajuq}V / ajoq ('is bad'). Do not author a separate atomic stem ajore for *ajoraa* -- that surface is this affix on ajoq, with the documented q-stem /qg/=>/r/ fusion. A former atomic stem ajore was withdrawn as that composition (issue #516). Bjornum2012:K9§6 lists ajoraa under this affix ('synes ikke om det'), not as a stem.", "Same composition, different base: *aarlerigaa* is aarlere + this affix; *angigaa* is angi + this affix; *mikigaa* is miki + this affix; *anniaraa* is anniar + this affix (r-stem, same fusion as Nielsen's isoraa). Former atomic stems aarlerige, angige, mikige, anniare, akunnage were withdrawn (issue #516). *akunnagaa* is akunnap + this affix. *iluaraa* is iluar + this affix (Oqaatsit1997:e4217); do not mint atomic iluare. *oqigaa* is oqip + this affix; *oqimaagaa* is oqimaap + this affix. *naagaa* is naap + this affix (too-short sense, not the stumble homograph). *ungasigaa* is ungasip + this affix (Oqaatsit1997:e18119); FST offers only ungasige+TV, a competing atomic parse. *tataagaa* is tataap + this affix (Oqaatsit1997:e16552); FST also offers tataage+TV. *siligaa* is silip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e15930 / Kleinschmidt1871:e7870 / 1951 *(givaa)*); FST offers only silige+TV / sili+TV. *eqqumiigaa* is eqqumiip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3419). *tusarniigaa* is tusarniip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18775). *iluaagaa* is iluaap + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e4538). *pinniigaa* is pinniip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e14017). *ulapigaa* is ulapip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e19216). *isikigaa* is isikip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e5531). *ajangigaa* is ajangip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e371). *ersigaa* (fear) is ersi + this affix (Oqaatsit1997:e3243), not ersip (visible). *paamigaa* is paamip + this affix (2018 e9684). *ninnigaa* is ninnip + this affix (2018 e8739). *alaakigaa* is alaakip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1014). *kajumigaa* is kajumip + this affix (2018 e5511). *kisigaa* is kisip + this affix (2018 e6298). *sianigaa* is siani + this affix (2018 e13765). *pilerigaa* is pilere + this affix (2018 e10435). *narrugaa* is narru + this affix (2018 e8374). *qunugaa* is qunu + this affix (2018 e12925). *naammagaa* is naammap + this affix (2018 e7699). *neriugaa* is neriup + this affix (2018 e8526). *nikagaa* is nika + this affix (2018 e8646). *ungagaa* is unga_v + this affix (2018 e17127). *mamaraa* is mamar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e9966). *mamaagaa* is mamar + V_it_Vb + this affix (2018 e6919), not a direct hang on mamar. *takigaa* is taki + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e17159; stem in verbs_mofo_derived.yaml). *ittooraa* is ittoor + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3876). *nangiaraa* is nangiar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e11350). *siooragaa* is sioora + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e16568). *arpingiagaa* is arpingiap + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e2109). *amigaa* is amip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1258). *quiagaa* is quiap + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e7916). *kineraa* is kiner + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e9067). *alianaagaa* is alianar + V_it_Vb + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1063), not a direct hang on alianar. *amigaraa* is amigar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1260). *alimasigaa* is alimasip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1107). *takorannaraa* is takorannaar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e17170). *tusanngugaa* is tusanngu + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18748). *ikigai* is iki + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3985). *akisugaa* is akisu + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e788). *sivikigaa* is sivikip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e16247). *sivisugaa* is sivisu + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e16254); FST offers only sivisuge+TV. *allanaraa* is allanar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3072; thinks he has changed); *allagaa* is noun+GE (2018 e957), not allanar+GE / not this hang. *sualugaa* is sualup + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e16439). *sakimmeraa* is sakimmer + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e14975; regular r-stem+V_gi like mamaraa — FST sakimmere+TV is competing atomic, not a free schwa stem). *ippingiagaa* is ippingiap + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3824; keep 2018 e4875 pain/object and 1997 e4997 evaluative; do not collapse onto ippigaa). *nunangiagaa* is nunangiap + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e12697; FST nunangiak+GE = alder/elletræ e12696 is real homonym — prefer live IV hang; *nunangiappaa* e12699 dye ≠ this evaluative). Do not mint oqige / oqimaage / naage / ungasige / tataage / silige / eqqumiige / tusarniige / iluaage / pinniige / ulapige / isikige / ajangige / ersige / paamige / ninnige / alaakige / kajumige / kisige / sianige / pilerige / narruge / qunuge / naammage / neriuge / nikage / ungage / mamaage / akisuge / sivikige / sivisuge / allanare / sualuge / sakimmere / ippingiage / nunangiage. (issue #516). *akunnagaa* is akunnap + this affix. *iluaraa* is iluar + this affix (Oqaatsit1997:e4217); do not mint atomic iluare. *oqigaa* is oqip + this affix; *oqimaagaa* is oqimaap + this affix. *naagaa* is naap + this affix (too-short sense, not the stumble homograph). *ungasigaa* is ungasip + this affix (Oqaatsit1997:e18119); FST offers only ungasige+TV, a competing atomic parse. *tataagaa* is tataap + this affix (Oqaatsit1997:e16552); FST also offers tataage+TV. *siligaa* is silip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e15930 / Kleinschmidt1871:e7870 / 1951 *(givaa)*); FST offers only silige+TV / sili+TV. *eqqumiigaa* is eqqumiip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3419). *tusarniigaa* is tusarniip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18775). *iluaagaa* is iluaap + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e4538). *pinniigaa* is pinniip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e14017). *ulapigaa* is ulapip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e19216). *isikigaa* is isikip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e5531). *ajangigaa* is ajangip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e371). *ersigaa* (fear) is ersi + this affix (Oqaatsit1997:e3243), not ersip (visible). *paamigaa* is paamip + this affix (2018 e9684). *ninnigaa* is ninnip + this affix (2018 e8739). *alaakigaa* is alaakip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1014). *kajumigaa* is kajumip + this affix (2018 e5511). *kisigaa* is kisip + this affix (2018 e6298). *sianigaa* is siani + this affix (2018 e13765). *pilerigaa* is pilere + this affix (2018 e10435). *narrugaa* is narru + this affix (2018 e8374). *qunugaa* is qunu + this affix (2018 e12925). *naammagaa* is naammap + this affix (2018 e7699). *neriugaa* is neriup + this affix (2018 e8526). *nikagaa* is nika + this affix (2018 e8646). *ungagaa* is unga_v + this affix (2018 e17127). *mamaraa* is mamar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e9966). *mamaagaa* is mamar + V_it_Vb + this affix (2018 e6919), not a direct hang on mamar. *amigaa* is amip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1258). *quiagaa* is quiap + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e7916). *kineraa* is kiner + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e9067). *alianaagaa* is alianar + V_it_Vb + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1063), not a direct hang on alianar. *alinnaraa* is alinnar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1076). *assuarnaraa* is assuarnar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e225). *eeraa* is eer + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3141). *nakeraa* is naker + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e10988). *narlanngugaa* is narlanngu + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e11557). *orrajagaa* is orraja + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e13080). *pikkunaraa* is pikkunar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e13869). *talornaraa* is talornar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e17263). *sinngagaa* is sinnga + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e16058). *ernumagaa* is ernuma + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3508). *erinigaa* is erini + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3287). *qujagaa* is quja + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e7943). *mikigaa* is miki + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e10435; stem in verbs_mofo_derived.yaml), not mikip. *uggoraa* is uggor + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18874). *amiilaaraa* is amiilaar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1216). *takornaraa* is takornar + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e17188). *inequgaa* is inequp + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e4984). *maajugaa* is maajup + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e10248). *isumaalugaa* is isumaalup + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e5766). *sarpitsugaa* is sarpitsup + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e15364). *kakagaa* is kakap + this affix (2018 e5529). *kakkagaa* is kakkap + this affix (2018 e5549). *kingunertugaa* is kingunertu + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e9218). *qanigaa* is qanip + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e6506). *kajungeraa* is kajunger + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e8240). *serleraa* is serler + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e15580). *tusugaa* is tusu + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18802). *usoraa* is usore + this affix (SchultzLorentzen1926:e19831), not usorup + GE (*usorugaa). Do not mint oqige / oqimaage / naage / ungasige / tataage / silige / eqqumiige / tusarniige / iluaage / pinniige / ulapige / isikige / ajangige / ersige / paamige / ninnige / alaakige / kajumige / kisige / sianige / pilerige / narruge / qunuge / naammage / neriuge / nikage / ungage / mamaage / akisuge / sivikige / sivisuge / allanare / sualuge / sakimmere / ippingiage / nunangiage. Bound-only uses such as misigaa and naakkigaa stay as their own stems -- there is no free IV *misivoq / *naakkivoq / *aliavoq." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_gi_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} considers {{Subject}} (too) ___-ing", "da": "nogen synes nogen/noget er (for) vb-ende", "verb_phrase": "consider {{Subject}} (too) ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen synes nogen/noget er (for) vb-ende", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} considers {{Actor}} else (too) {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} considers {{Actor}} else (too) {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen synes nogen er (for) ___-ende", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+ge- 2, +ge-' entry (r-stems specifically) is glossed 'synes obj er (for) vb-ende'; the parenthetical (for) already includes the non-excess reading. MOFO's V{-gə}V page uses ajoraa as a worked example of this affix on {ajuq}V.", "examples": [ { "surface": "mikigaa", "natural": "he thinks it's too small (Nielsen2012's example, from mikivoq, 'it is small')" }, { "surface": "isoraa", "natural": "he considers it/him criticizable, criticizes it/him (Nielsen2012's example, from isorpoq, 'criticizes')" }, { "surface": "misigaa", "natural": "he feels it (Nielsen2012's example; many verbs are used only with this affix)" }, { "surface": "ajoraa", "natural": "he does not like it; he considers it bad (MOFO's own example, from {ajuq}V / ajoq, 'is bad'; independently listed by Bjornum2012:K9§6 under this affix)" }, { "surface": "aarlerigaa", "natural": "he is worried about him/her (from aarlere; Oqaatsit1997:e278)" }, { "surface": "angigaa", "natural": "he thinks it is too big (from angi; Oqaatsit1997:e1374)" }, { "surface": "anniaraa", "natural": "he feels pain in it (from anniar; Oqaatsit1997:e1575)" }, { "surface": "akunnagaa", "natural": "he thinks it is too late / the opportunity has passed (from akunnap 'does not fully accomplish', not the medium-size homograph; Oqaatsit1997:e850)" }, { "surface": "iluaraa", "natural": "he likes it; thinks well of it (from iluar 'is good/proper'; Oqaatsit1997:e4217)" }, { "surface": "oqigaa", "natural": "he thinks it is easy (from oqippoq, 'it is light'; Oqaatsit1997:e10126)" }, { "surface": "oqimaagaa", "natural": "he finds it too heavy (from oqimaappoq, 'it is heavy'; Oqaatsit1997:e10140)" }, { "surface": "naagaa", "natural": "he thinks it is too short (from naappoq, 'it is too short'; Oqaatsit1997:e7976)" }, { "surface": "ungasigaa", "natural": "he finds it too far away (from ungasippoq, 'it is far away'; Oqaatsit1997:e18119)" }, { "surface": "tataagaa", "natural": "is afraid of it (from tataappoq, 'is easily frightened'; Oqaatsit1997:e16552)" }, { "surface": "siligaa", "natural": "he finds it too broad (from silippoq, 'it is thick/wide'; SchultzLorentzen1926:e15930)" }, { "surface": "eqqumiigaa", "natural": "he considers it peculiar (from eqqumiippoq, 'is unusual'; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3419)" }, { "surface": "tusarniigaa", "natural": "finds it unpleasant to hear (from tusarniippoq, 'sounds ugly'; SchultzLorentzen1926:e18775)" }, { "surface": "iluaagaa", "natural": "thinks it wrong; disapproves (from iluaappoq, 'is wrong/unwell'; SchultzLorentzen1926:e4538)" }, { "surface": "pinniigaa", "natural": "thinks him/it ugly (from pinniippoq, 'is ugly'; SchultzLorentzen1926:e14017)" }, { "surface": "ulapigaa", "natural": "has no time for it (from ulapippoq, 'is busy'; SchultzLorentzen1926:e19216)" }, { "surface": "isikigaa", "natural": "it squeezes his toes (from isikippoq, 'tight across the toes'; SchultzLorentzen1926:e5531)" }, { "surface": "ajangigaa", "natural": "feels deterred by him (from ajangippoq, 'frightened off'; SchultzLorentzen1926:e371)" }, { "surface": "ersigaa", "natural": "is afraid of him/her/it (from ersivoq, 'is afraid'; Oqaatsit1997:e3243)" }, { "surface": "paamigaa", "natural": "is annoyed by insistent demands (from paamippoq, 'itches'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e9684)" }, { "surface": "ninnigaa", "natural": "is too tight for him/her (from ninnippoq, 'is tight'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8739)" }, { "surface": "alaakigaa", "natural": "the sole is too small for him (from alaakippoq, 'has a small sole'; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1014)" }, { "surface": "kajumigaa", "natural": "would like to do it (from kajumippoq, 'is willing'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5511)" }, { "surface": "kisigaa", "natural": "is too shy to act (from kisippoq, 'is shy'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6298)" }, { "surface": "sianigaa", "natural": "is aware of it (from sianivoq, 'is alert'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e13765)" }, { "surface": "pilerigaa", "natural": "would like to have it (from pilerivoq, 'wants to'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e10435)" }, { "surface": "narrugaa", "natural": "hates it; finds it disgusting (from narruvoq, 'dislikes'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8374)" }, { "surface": "qunugaa", "natural": "is worried about him/her (from qunuvoq, 'is afraid'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e12925)" }, { "surface": "naammagaa", "natural": "thinks it is sufficient (from naammappoq, 'is enough'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e7699)" }, { "surface": "neriugaa", "natural": "hopes that it will happen (from neriuppoq, 'hopes'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8526)" }, { "surface": "nikagaa", "natural": "doesn't think much of him/her (from nikavoq, 'is dejected'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8646)" }, { "surface": "ungagaa", "natural": "cannot be without him/her (from ungavoq / unga_v, 'clings'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e17127)" }, { "surface": "mamaraa", "natural": "likes the taste of it (from mamarpoq, 'tastes good'; SchultzLorentzen1926:e9966)" }, { "surface": "mamaagaa", "natural": "dislikes its taste (from mamarpoq via V_it_Vb + this affix; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6919)" }, { "surface": "amigaa", "natural": "finds it too narrow (from amippoq, 'is narrow'; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1258)" }, { "surface": "quiagaa", "natural": "finds it funny (from quiappoq / quiap; SchultzLorentzen1926:e7916)" }, { "surface": "kineraa", "natural": "finds it heavy going (from kinerpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e9067)" }, { "surface": "alianaagaa", "natural": "finds it lovely (from alianarpoq via V_it_Vb + this affix; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1063)" }, { "surface": "takigaa", "natural": "finds it too long (from takivoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17159)" }, { "surface": "ittooraa", "natural": "feels bashful with him/her (from ittoorpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3876)" }, { "surface": "nangiaraa", "natural": "dare not venture into it (from nangiarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e11350)" }, { "surface": "siooragaa", "natural": "fears him/it (from siooravoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e16568)" }, { "surface": "arpingiagaa", "natural": "feels hampered by it (from arpingiappoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e2109)" }, { "surface": "amigaraa", "natural": "thinks it insufficient (from amigarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1260)" }, { "surface": "alimasigaa", "natural": "thinks it too far off (from alimasippoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1107)" }, { "surface": "takorannaraa", "natural": "finds it pretty to look at (from takorannaarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17170)" }, { "surface": "tusanngugaa", "natural": "unpleasantly affected by hearing (from tusannguvoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e18748)" }, { "surface": "ikigai", "natural": "finds them too few (from ikipput / iki; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3985)" }, { "surface": "alinnaraa", "natural": "considers it too great (from alinnarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1076)" }, { "surface": "assuarnaraa", "natural": "finds him/it reprovable (from assuarnarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e225)" }, { "surface": "eeraa", "natural": "finds it disgusting (from eerpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3141)" }, { "surface": "nakeraa", "natural": "likes him/her (from nakerpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e10988)" }, { "surface": "narlanngugaa", "natural": "thinks it smells bad (from narlannguvoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e11557)" }, { "surface": "orrajagaa", "natural": "thinks it is cranky (from orrajavoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e13080)" }, { "surface": "pikkunaraa", "natural": "finds it powerful (from pikkunarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e13869)" }, { "surface": "talornaraa", "natural": "finds him unapproachable (from talornarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17263)" }, { "surface": "mikigaa", "natural": "finds it too small (from mikivoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e10435)" }, { "surface": "sinngagaa", "natural": "envies him/her (from sinngavoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e16058)" }, { "surface": "ernumagaa", "natural": "worries about him/her (from ernumavoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3508)" }, { "surface": "erinigaa", "natural": "longs for it (from erinivoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3287)" }, { "surface": "qujagaa", "natural": "is grateful for it (from qujavoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e7943)" }, { "surface": "uggoraa", "natural": "regrets it (from uggorpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e18874)" }, { "surface": "amiilaaraa", "natural": "thinks it terrifying (from amiilaarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1216)" }, { "surface": "takornaraa", "natural": "finds him/it strange (from takornarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17188)" }, { "surface": "inequgaa", "natural": "finds him/her cute (from inequppoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e4984)" }, { "surface": "maajugaa", "natural": "feels loathing for it (from maajuppoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e10248)" }, { "surface": "isumaalugaa", "natural": "is anxious for him/her (from isumaaluppoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e5766)" }, { "surface": "sarpitsugaa", "natural": "tends crookedly right of him (from sarpitsuppoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e15364)" }, { "surface": "kakagaa", "natural": "finds him/her capable (from kakappoq; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5529)" }, { "surface": "kakkagaa", "natural": "thinks he/she is capable (from kakkappoq; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5549)" }, { "surface": "kingunertugaa", "natural": "misses him (from kingunertuvoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e9218)" }, { "surface": "qanigaa", "natural": "finds it too near (from qanippoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e6506)" }, { "surface": "kajungeraa", "natural": "is attracted to it (from kajungerpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e8240)" }, { "surface": "serleraa", "natural": "wishes him far as unlucky (from serlerpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e15580)" }, { "surface": "tusugaa", "natural": "is envious of him (from tusuvoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e18802)" }, { "surface": "usoraa", "natural": "is envious of him/her (from usore + this affix; SchultzLorentzen1926:e19831)" }, { "surface": "akisugaa", "natural": "thinks it too dear (from akisuvoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e788; distinct from echo/reflection *akisuppoq* 1926 e719)" }, { "surface": "sivikigaa", "natural": "thinks it of short duration (from sivikippoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e16247)" }, { "surface": "sivisugaa", "natural": "thinks it of long duration (from sivisuvoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e16254)" }, { "surface": "allanaraa", "natural": "thinks that he has changed (from allanarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3072; *allagaa* is noun+GE 2018 e957, not this hang)" }, { "surface": "sualugaa", "natural": "finds him/it too bad (from sualuppoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e16439)" }, { "surface": "sakimmeraa", "natural": "is so pleased with him/it one is sorry when it ceases (from sakimmerpoq; regular r-stem+V_gi like mamaraa; SchultzLorentzen1926:e14975)" }, { "surface": "ippingiagaa", "natural": "is oppressed by it; finds it unsuitable (from ippingiappoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3824; keep 2018 e4875 pain and 1997 e4997 evaluative)" }, { "surface": "nunangiagaa", "natural": "finds the place where he lives unpleasant (from nunangiappoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:e12697; not alder nunangiak+GE e12696; not dye *nunangiappaa* e12699)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.29", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1", "MOFO:vv/-gə", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Oqaatsit1997:erinigaa#e3110", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erinigaa#e3018", "Oqaatsit1997:-gaa#e3399", "Petersen1951:-gaa#e12508", "Oqaatsit1997:ajoraa#e487", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajoraa#e485" ], "id": "V_gi_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_gissaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S complains about Vb'ing", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-gissaa", "notes": [ "Bracket V{-gessaa}V. Per the source, this affix only makes sense on stems describing a state of being; AITWG-Affixes' own worked example chains it onto a denominal 'has a small N' stem: {aki}N (price) + N{-kit}V ('has a small N') -> akikippoq ('it is cheap'), + this affix -> akikigissaavoq ('he complains about its being cheap')." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_gissaa_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} complains about ___-ing", "da": "nogen brokker sig over at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "complain about ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen brokker sig over at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} complains about {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} complains about {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen brokker sig over at ___", "composition": { "en": "complain about ___-ing", "da": "nogen brokker sig over at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷gissaa-, +gissaa-' entry is glossed identically ('beklage at noget er vb-ende' = 'complain that something is Vb-ing') with the SAME example word as AITWG-Affixes' own simpler illustration.", "examples": [ { "surface": "mikigissaavoq", "natural": "he complains that it is small (Nielsen2012's example, from mikivoq, 'it is small')" }, { "surface": "akikigissaavoq", "natural": "he complains about its being cheap (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from {aki}N + N{-kit}V 'has a small price' -> akikippoq)" }, { "surface": "ajorissaavoq", "natural": "he is critical by nature / complains that things are bad (from ajoq; Oqaatsit1997:e491). 1951-kal/1967-kal list ajorissaavoq as a worked example of this affix (-gissaavoq/-rissaavoq). A former atomic stem ajorissaa was withdrawn (issue" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.29", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2", "Oqaatsit1997:ajorissaavoq#e491", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajorissaavoq#e489" ], "id": "V_gissaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_gunar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S looks like/seems to be Vb'ing", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+gunar", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2: The apparent-state reading is inference rather than direct assertion; Nielsen attests taamaakkunarpoq as an uncertain judgement that this is so." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_gunar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} looks like ___-ing; {{Subject}} seems to be ___-ing", "da": "nogen ser ud til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "look like ___-ing; seem to be ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen ser ud til at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} looks like {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} seems to be {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} looks like {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} seems to be {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen ser ud til at ___", "composition": { "en": "look like ___-ing; seem to be ___-ing", "da": "nogen ser ud til at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+gunar- 1' entry is glossed identically ('det ser ud til at sbj vb-er' = 'it seems that sbj Vb-s').", "examples": [ { "surface": "taamaakkunarpoq", "natural": "it seems to be so (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.1.2)" }, { "surface": "taamaakkunarpoq", "natural": "I think that's about right / it seems to be so (Nielsen2012's example, from taamaappoq, 'it is so')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.29", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2" ], "id": "V_gunar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_kkuk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A reckons P Vb's", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkuk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Bracket V{kkuk}V; underlying_form here follows the bracket directly (rather than a naive strip of the citation's own ending) since the printed citation '-kkuppaa' fuses -kkuk with the transitive ending -paa via regular /k/+/p/ -> /pp/ assimilation.", "kk-initial affix (consonant cluster): AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kNGpqr/-initial sandhi-truncative rule, plus AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4's phonotactic-truncativity rule (a double-consonant onset cannot join a consonant-final host without deleting its final consonant), both ground boundary_behavior:truncating/left_sandhi:truncative here -- the same dual grounding already used for this repo's N_kkaaq_N.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration found for this specific affix." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_kkuk_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} reckons {{Patient}} ___-s", "da": "nogen regner med at nogen gør det", "verb_phrase": "reckon {{Patient}} ___-s", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen regner med at nogen gør det", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} reckons {{Actor}} else {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} reckons {{Actor}} else {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen regner med at nogen ___", "composition": { "en": "reckon {{Patient}} ___-s", "da": "nogen regner med at nogen ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kkuppaa", "natural": "he reckons him/it (to be) ... (AITWG-Affixes' own abstract citation form, not tied to a specific base verb in the source)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.29", "AITWG:§2.3", "AITWG:§2.4" ], "id": "V_kkuk_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_naar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A finds P too Vb'ing; more Vb'ing than expected", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-naar", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1: Nielsen restricts this evaluative use to finding an object more V than expected. The standard of expectation is part of the affix contribution, rather than an unrestricted comparative." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_naar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} finds {{Patient}} too ___-ing; more ___-ing than expected", "en_short": "{{Actor}} finds {{Patient}} too ___-ing", "da": "nogen synes nogen gør det for meget, mere end forventet", "verb_phrase": "find {{Patient}} too ___-ing; more ___-ing than expected", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen synes nogen gør det for meget, mere end forventet", "da_short": "nogen synes nogen ___ for meget, mere end forventet", "composition": { "en": "find {{Patient}} too ___-ing; more ___-ing than expected", "da": "nogen synes nogen ___ for meget, mere end forventet" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷naar-' entry is glossed closely ('finde obj mere vb-et end ventet' = 'find obj more Vb-ed than expected'), directly matching AITWG-Affixes' own 'more Vb-ing than expected' gloss.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anginaarpaa", "natural": "he finds it bigger than expected (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.1.1)" }, { "surface": "anginaarpaa", "natural": "he finds it bigger than expected (Nielsen2012's example, from angivoq, 'it is big')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.29", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1" ], "id": "V_naar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_nerar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A says that P Vb's (reflexive when used with a plain intransitive ending: S says that he himself Vb'ed; also a valency-preserving 'double-transitive' sense when the Agent doing the Vb'ing differs from the Agent doing the saying)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nerar", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION -- bracket vs. citation spelling divergence: AITWG-Affixes' own bracket notation for this entry is V{niraq}V, but its printed citation form is '+nerarpaa' -- underlying_form follows the citation (per this repo's established N_iqniaq_N-style convention of preferring the citation's own surface spelling when bracket and citation genuinely diverge); this ID (V_nerar_Vb) is chosen to match.", "One of the few affixes the source says may even follow the sentential segment (i.e. attach after another affix chain has already closed off a clause), a syntactic fact this schema has no field for -- recorded in prose only.", "Rich, source-described valency behavior not modeled as schema fields (no existing field captures conditional-on-base-valency meaning shifts): on a monovalent base stem (S Vb's) this affix means 'A says that P=S Vb's', becoming reflexive ('S says he himself Vb'ed') with a plain intransitive ending; on a divalent base stem (A1 Vb's P1) it means 'A1=A2 says he himself Vb'ed P1=P2' by default, but can also be used with A1<>A2 (a genuine double-transitive sentence: 'A2 says that P1=P2 was Vb'ed by someone=A1', with A1 left unspecified or added in the allative case)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Agent}} says that {{Agent}} ___-s", "da": "nogen siger at nogen gør det", "verb_phrase": "say that {{Agent}} ___-s (reflexive when used with a plain intransitive ending: {{Agent}} says that he himself ___-ed; also a valency-preserving 'double-transitive' sense when the {{Actor}} doing the ___-ing differs from the {{Actor}} doing the saying)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen siger at nogen gør det", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} says that {{Actor}} else {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} says that {{Actor}} else {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen siger at nogen ___", "composition": { "da": "nogen siger at nogen ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+nerar- 1' (transitive, examples below) and '+nerar- 2' (intransitive/reflexive) entries -- glossed identically to AITWG-Affixes' own description, and Nielsen2012's own reflexive example (Nuummiinnerarpoq, 'he says he himself is in Nuuk') is strikingly close to AITWG-Affixes' own reflexive example (Nuumminngaanneernerarpoq, 'he said he himself was from Nuuk') -- both independently built on a Nuuk-related base verb.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ajornarnerarpaa", "natural": "he says it is impossible (Nielsen2012's example, from ajornarpoq, 'it is impossible')" }, { "surface": "Nuummiinnerarpoq", "natural": "he says he himself is in Nuuk (Nielsen2012's own reflexive example, from Nuummiippoq, 'he is in Nuuk')" }, { "surface": "Nuumminngaanneernerarpoq", "natural": "he said he (himself) was from Nuuk (AITWG-Affixes' own reflexive example)" }, { "surface": "takunerarpara", "natural": "I said I saw him (AITWG-Affixes' own divalent-base example, from {taku}V 'A sees P' + V{vara} 'I Vb him')" }, { "surface": "ilinnut takunerarpara", "natural": "I said he was seen by you (AITWG-Affixes' own double-transitive example, extending the previous one with an allative-marked secondary Agent)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.29", "AITWG-Affixes:p.30", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2" ], "id": "V_nerar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_pallak_evidential_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "it can be heard/felt that s.b./s.t. is Vb'ing; it is said/reported that S Vb's" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+pallak", "notes": [ "Bracket V{(q)pallak}V: the parenthetical (q) is AITWG's own sandhi-epenthetic marker (Definition 2.5) -- an optional consonant inserted after a vowel-final host. Per the same precedent already established for N_pak_N/N_piaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml), the plain additive form is modeled as underlying_form and the '(q)/(r)' conditioning is described here in prose rather than asserted as a left_sandhi value.", "AITWG-Affixes itself gives a mixed valency description ('Avalent or monovalent') -- not modeled as a single morphology_class.valency_scale value given the genuine either/or, but recorded here since it's AITWG's own explicit wording (not a MOFO facet)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it can be heard that s.b./s.t. is ___-ing; it can be felt that s.b./s.t. is ___-ing", "en_short": "it can be heard/felt that s.b./something is ___-ing", "da": "man kan høre at nogen gør det; man kan mærke at nogen gør det; det siges at nogen gør det", "verb_phrase": "be heard to be ___-ing; be felt to be ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "man kan høre at nogen gør det; man kan mærke at nogen gør det; det siges at nogen gør det", "da_short": "man kan høre at nogen ___; man kan mærke at nogen ___", "composition": { "en": "be heard to be ___-ing; be felt to be ___-ing", "da": "man kan høre at nogen ___; man kan mærke at nogen ___; det siges at nogen ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012 splits this into two adjacent sub-senses matching AITWG-Affixes' own combined gloss almost exactly -- '+(r)pallag- 2' ('det forlyder at sbj vb-et', it is reported that sbj Vb'ed) and '+(r)pallag- 3' ('man kan høre/mærke nogen/noget der vb-er', one can hear/feel someone/something Vb-ing).", "examples": [ { "surface": "tikippallappoq", "natural": "it is reported he has come home (Nielsen2012's example, from tikippoq, 'he has come home')" }, { "surface": "qimaarpallappoq", "natural": "it is said he has fled (Nielsen2012's example, from qimaavoq, 'he flees')" }, { "surface": "anerpallappoq", "natural": "one can hear him going out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.30", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.3" ], "id": "V_pallak_evidential_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_paluk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "it looks/sounds like S Vb's" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+paluk", "notes": [ "Bracket V{(q)paluk}V, same '(q)' sandhi-epenthetic marker and modeling choice as V_pallak_evidential_Vb above." ] }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it looks like {{Subject}} ___-s; it sounds like {{Subject}} ___-s", "da": "det ser ud som om nogen gør det; det ser lyder som om nogen gør det", "en_short": "it looks like {{Subject}} ___-s; it sounds like {{Subject}} ___-s", "da_short": "det ser ud som om nogen ___; det ser lyder som om nogen ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+(r)palug- 2' entry is glossed identically ('lyde, se ud som om sbj vb-er' = 'sound, look as if sbj Vb-s').", "examples": [ { "surface": "anerpaluppoq", "natural": "it sounds like he is going out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" }, { "surface": "illarpaluppoq", "natural": "one can hear him laughing (Nielsen2012's example, from illarpoq, 'he laughs')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.30", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2" ], "id": "V_paluk_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_pasik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "it looks like S Vb's" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+pasik", "notes": [ "Bracket V{(q)pasik}V, same '(q)' sandhi-epenthetic marker and modeling choice as V_pallak_evidential_Vb/V_paluk_Vb above.", "Intransitive participle is -pasissoq per AITWG-Affixes' own note; Nielsen2012 independently confirms this same detail." ] }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it looks like {{Subject}} ___-s", "da": "det ser ud som om nogen gør det", "en_short": "it looks like {{Subject}} ___-s", "da_short": "det ser ud som om nogen ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+(r)pasig- 2' entry is glossed identically ('se ud som om sbj vb-er' = 'look as if sbj Vb-s'), including the intr. ptc. -pasissoq detail.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qasorpasippoq", "natural": "he looks tired (Nielsen2012's example, from qasuvoq, 'he is tired')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.30", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2" ], "id": "V_pasik_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_ssanga_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S expects to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssanga", "notes": [ "In combination with V_tit_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, this repo's existing entry for V{tet}V) -> V{ssanatet}V, means 'A expects/thinks P will Vb' per AITWG-Affixes' own text -- not modeled as a separate entry, recorded here as a documented compound." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ssanga_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} expects to ___", "da": "nogen forventer at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "expect to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen forventer at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "expects to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "nogen forventer at ___", "composition": { "en": "expect to ___", "da": "nogen forventer at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷ssanga-' entry is glossed identically ('regner med at vb-e' = 'expects to Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "anissangavoq", "natural": "he expects to go out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.30", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2" ], "id": "V_ssanga_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_juma_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "wants to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+juma", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+juma", "uvular_final_stem": "+kuma" }, "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text and Nielsen2012 independently agree the affix has a +kuma allomorph after consonant-final hosts (Nielsen2012: '+juma- 1, +kuma- efter konsonant')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wants to ___", "da": "vil gerne gøre det", "verb_phrase": "wants to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "vil gerne gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "wants to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "vil gerne ___", "composition": { "en": "wants to ___", "da": "vil gerne ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+juma- 1, +kuma-' entry is glossed identically ('vil, ønsker at vb-e' = 'wants, wishes to Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "aneerumavoq", "natural": "she wants to go out and play (Nielsen2012's example, from aneerpoq, 'she is out playing')" }, { "surface": "eqqarsaatigiumavaa", "natural": "he promises to consider it (Nielsen2012's transitive example, from eqqarsaatigaa, 'he considers it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.2" ], "id": "V_juma_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_jumagaluar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "would (otherwise) have wanted to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+jumagaluar", "notes": [ "Compositional: V_juma_Vb + V{galuaq}V, the counterfactual/concessive extender already represented by V_galuaq_Vb in verbal_modifiers.yaml (AITWG-Affixes:p.39). The same ID also has a separately authored sentential occurrence; retain their construction-specific documentation rather than silently merging records. V_galuaq_N is the distinct noun-forming cognate. The former missing-verbal-owner claim is stale; no new compound boundary or mood rule follows from correcting it." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_jumagaluar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "would (otherwise) have wanted to ___", "da": "ville (ellers) gerne have gjort det", "en_short": { "default": "would otherwise have wanted to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "ville gerne have gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+jumagaluar-, +kumagaluar-' entry is glossed identically ('vil ellers gerne vb-e' = 'would otherwise like to Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "pulaarumagaluarpoq", "natural": "he would otherwise like to visit (Nielsen2012's example, from pulaarpoq, 'he is visiting')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.2", "AITWG-Affixes:p.39" ], "id": "V_jumagaluar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_jumaller_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "gets a sudden urge to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+jumaller" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_jumaller_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gets a sudden urge to ___", "da": "får pludselig lyst til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "gets a sudden urge to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "får pludselig lyst til at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "gets a sudden urge to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "får pludselig lyst til at ___", "composition": { "en": "gets a sudden urge to ___", "da": "får pludselig lyst til at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+jumaller-, +kumaller-' entry is glossed identically ('får (pludselig) lyst til at vb-e' = 'gets a (sudden) urge to Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilaajumallerpoq", "natural": "he gets an urge to join in (Nielsen2012's example, from ilaavoq, 'he is included/joins in')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.2" ], "id": "V_jumaller_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_jumaneru_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "would rather Vb (than do s.t. else)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+jumaneru" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_jumaneru_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "would rather ___ (than do s.t. else)", "da": "vil hellere gøre det (end noget andet)", "en_short": { "default": "would rather {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "vil hellere ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+jumaneru-, +kumaneru-' entry is glossed identically ('vil hellere vb-e' = 'would rather Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "annoraaqarumaneruvoq", "natural": "he would rather have his anorak on (Nielsen2012's example, from annoraaqarpoq, 'he has his anorak on')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.2" ], "id": "V_jumaneru_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_jumatu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "always wants to Vb; is one who prefers to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+jumatu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_jumatu_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "always wants to ___; is one who prefers to ___", "en_short": "always wants to ___", "da": "vil altid gerne gøre det; foretrækker at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "always want to ___; be one who prefers to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "vil altid gerne gøre det; foretrækker at gøre det", "da_short": "vil altid gerne ___", "composition": { "en": "always want to ___; be one who prefers to ___", "da": "vil altid gerne ___; foretrækker at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+jumatu-, +kumatu-' entry is glossed identically ('ønsker altid at vb-e, er en der gerne vil vb-e').", "examples": [ { "surface": "qiajumatuvoq", "natural": "she is a crybaby (Nielsen2012's example, from qiavoq, 'she cries')" }, { "surface": "atuarumatuvoq", "natural": "he is a bookworm (Nielsen2012's example, from atuarpoq, 'he reads')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.2" ], "id": "V_jumatu_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_rusuk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "would like to Vb; desires to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rusuk", "allomorphs": { "velar_final_stem": "+kusuk" }, "right_sandhi": "consonant_cluster_assimilation", "notes": [ "Bracket-vs-citation spelling divergence: AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form is V{(q)gusuk}V (g-spelled), but its own printed citation is '-rusuppoq' (r-spelled) -- underlying_form follows the citation per this repo's established N_iqniaq_N-style convention; the ID (V_rusuk_Vb) matches. Both Nielsen2012 ('÷rusug-, +kusug-') and Bjornum2012 ('-rusuppoq'/'+kusuppoq') independently use the same r-spelling, confirming this isn't a one-off citation quirk.", "K-final-host allomorph +kusuk (surfacing as sinikkusuppoq, oq#380 follow-up worked example) per both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012, matching AITWG-Affixes' own parenthetical '(q)' conditioning -- modeled via application_logic.allomorphs keyed on velar_final_stem (sinik's own morphology_class.stem_type), a full lexical substitution rather than a phonological deletion: sinik's own final /k/ is RETAINED and doubled (sinik+kusuk -> sinikkusuk), not truncated.", "UNRESOLVED DEFAULT: Direct review of Nielsen2012 printed p.85 confirms ÷rusug-, +kusug- for consonant bases. The earlier assertion that both printed variants were additive was a transcription error and cannot justify a universal additive boundary. The existing additive override remains provisional until the engine handling of the conditioned +kusuk allomorph is verified separately; preserve the cited sinikkusuppoq example and do not treat its retained k as evidence for every host environment." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "would like to ___; desires to ___", "en_short": "would like to ___", "da": "vil gerne gøre det; har lyst til at gøre det", "da_short": "vil gerne ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and richly corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷rusug-, +kusug-' entry ('vil gerne vb-e') and Bjornum2012's own '-rusuppoq'/'+kusuppoq' v-v entry ('vil; vil gerne') both give essentially the identical example word as AITWG-Affixes' own citation form.", "examples": [ { "surface": "takurusuppaa", "natural": "he would like to see it (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from takuaa, 'he sees it')" }, { "surface": "sinikkusuppoq", "natural": "he would like to sleep (Bjornum2012's example, from sinippoq, 'he sleeps')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -rusuppoq/+kusuppoq" ], "id": "V_rusuk_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_siq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A waits for P to Vb", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sii", "notes": [ "underlying_form corrected (oq#380 follow-up round) from '+siq' to '+sii': every real attested sentence checked in Nielsen2012's own transcript (§5.3.2.2 -- iluarsitsiivaa, aallarsiivaa, unnussiivaa, isersiivoq) uses the 'sii' shape, none the 'ser' shape AITWG-Affixes' own citation form '+(t)serpaa' names -- '+siq' reproduced neither correctly. AITWG-Affixes' own +(t)serpaa citation is not attested in any transcribed real sentence checked so far; left as an open question (not asserted or discarded) rather than re-derived from the plain citation form alone.", "Bracket V{(t)siq}V: the parenthetical (t) is a conditioned linking consonant, present on some hosts and not others per the source's own text ('does not assimilate a preceding /t/, so on vowel-stems and t-stems this affix will appear as +tserpaa'); underlying_form models the plain form, the '(t)' conditioning described here in prose (same modeling choice already used for the several '(q)'-marked entries above).", "Intransitive form uses the HTR-morpheme {i}, giving +(t)siivoq per AITWG-Affixes' own text.", "MOFO:vv/(t)siq describes additional double-transitive uses and a transitive form with a semantically empty object on avalent bases. AITWG-Affixes:p.31 and Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.2 independently confirm the waiting meaning and citation forms, but those checked grammar passages did not establish that full argument-frame analysis. The newly cited AITWG:§9.4 independently supports the divalent double-transitive role mapping; the avalent semantically empty object remains outside that confirmation. It is therefore not encoded in this entry's frame.", "AITWG:§9.4 Definition 9.7, pp.184–186, explicitly includes V{(t)ciq}V among the specialized/marginal agentive affixes capable of double-transitive use. Figure 9.3 maps the divalent host agent to an optional allative indirect object, retains its patient as transitive object, and adds the affix agent as subject. This independently supports the role analysis formerly held for lack of grammar evidence; it does not settle the citation-form +(t)serpaa versus attested +sii question." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_siq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} waits for {{Patient}} to ___", "da": "nogen venter på at nogen gør det", "verb_phrase": "wait for {{Patient}} to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen venter på at nogen gør det", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} waits for {{Actor}} else to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} waits for {{Actor}} else to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen venter på at nogen ___", "composition": { "en": "wait for {{Patient}} to ___", "da": "nogen venter på at nogen ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+(t)sii-, +(t)ser-' entry is glossed identically ('sbj venter til obj/nogen vb-er' = 'sbj waits until obj/someone Vb-s').", "examples": [ { "surface": "tikitserpaa", "natural": "he waits for him to arrive (Oqaatsit1997:-tserpaa#e17536; distinct from the adjacent t-o “smear with blood” homograph at row e17537)" }, { "surface": "iluarsitsiivaa", "natural": "he waits until it sorts itself out (Nielsen2012's example, from iluarsivoq, 'it sorts itself out')" }, { "surface": "aallarsiivaa", "natural": "he waits until he is due to leave (Nielsen2012's example, from aallarpoq, 'he leaves')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.2", "Oqaatsit1997:-tserpaa#e17536", "AITWG:§9.4" ], "id": "V_siq_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_nngitsoortit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A prevents P from Vb'ing", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngitsoortit", "notes": [ "Bracket-vs-citation spelling divergence, genuinely unresolved: AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form is V{ngitcuuqtet}V, but its printed citation is '-nngitsoortippaa' -- underlying_form here strips the transitive ending '-paa' from the citation (with the expected /t/+/p/ -> /pp/ assimilation undone, the same mechanism this repo's V_tit_Vb entry already documents for the identical -tet 'cause' final segment). The bracket's own middle syllable 'cuuq' does not obviously correspond letter-for-letter to the citation's 'soor' by any sandhi rule this repo has independently confirmed elsewhere (a 'c'->'s' respelling is attested elsewhere in this repo, e.g. N_ssiaq_N, but the accompanying uuq->oor vowel/consonant shift is not); flagged here as an open, unresolved observation rather than silently smoothed over.", "Shares the gloss 'A prevents P from Vb-ing' with V_tsailiuq_Vb below (t(s)aili(uq)) -- two distinct AITWG-Affixes headwords with an identical English gloss, kept as two separate entries per the source's own separate headword presentation, the same pattern already used elsewhere in this repo for same-gloss sibling entries (e.g. N_kkataaq_N/N_kkallak_N).", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration found under this specific gloss; a superficially similar Nielsen2012 entry, '÷nngitsaali-' (§5.3.2.3.1), is glossed differently ('sbj tvinger obj til at vb-e', sbj forces obj to Vb) and is NOT cited here as a match given the gloss mismatch." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_nngitsoortit_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ], "contract_version": "semantic-source/v3", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31" ], "sense": { "id": "prevent-patient-from-base-event", "input": [ { "id": "base_event", "role": "embedded_event", "status": "required" } ], "output": [ { "id": "subject", "role": "preventer", "status": "required" }, { "id": "object", "role": "preventee", "status": "required" }, { "id": "embedded_subject", "role": "embedded_agent", "status": "required" } ], "variables": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ], "participant_bindings": [ { "from": "agent", "to": "subject" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "object" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "embedded_subject" } ], "contribution": { "operator": "prevent", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ] }, "clause_relations": [ { "id": "preventee-controls-base-event", "type": "controlled_complement", "matrix_argument": "object", "embedded_argument": "embedded_subject", "participant_relation": "same_participant", "complement": "base_event" } ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} prevents {{Patient}} from ___-ing", "da": "nogen forhindrer nogen i at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "prevent {{Patient}} from ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen forhindrer nogen i at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "prevents {{Actor}} else from ___-ing", "gerund": "prevents {{Actor}} else from ___-ing" }, "da_short": "nogen forhindrer nogen i at ___", "composition": { "en": "prevent {{participant:object}} from ___-ing", "da": "forhindrer {{participant:object}} i at {{verb:infinitive}}" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nngitsoortippaa", "natural": "he prevents him/it from ... (AITWG-Affixes' own abstract citation form, not tied to a specific base verb in the source)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31" ], "id": "V_nngitsoortit_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_qatiseri_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A asks P to Vb with him", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qatiseri", "notes": [ "Bracket V{-qetesire}V; underlying_form respells the bracket's final schwa as 'i', directly confirmed by Nielsen2012's own identical spelling ('÷qatiseri-')." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_qatiseri_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ], "contract_version": "semantic-source/v3", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1" ], "sense": { "id": "ask-patient-to-base-event", "input": [ { "id": "base_event", "role": "embedded_event", "status": "required" } ], "output": [ { "id": "subject", "role": "asker", "status": "required" }, { "id": "object", "role": "requested_agent", "status": "required" }, { "id": "embedded_subject", "role": "embedded_agent", "status": "required" } ], "variables": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ], "participant_bindings": [ { "from": "agent", "to": "subject" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "object" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "embedded_subject" } ], "contribution": { "operator": "ask_to_perform", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ] }, "clause_relations": [ { "id": "requested-agent-controls-base-event", "type": "controlled_complement", "matrix_argument": "object", "embedded_argument": "embedded_subject", "participant_relation": "same_participant", "complement": "base_event" } ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "The source's comitative/reflexive \"with him\" meaning is retained in the gloss template but not separately typed here." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} asks {{Patient}} to ___ with him", "da": "nogen beder nogen om at gøre det sammen med sig", "verb_phrase": "ask {{Patient}} to ___ with him", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen beder nogen om at gøre det sammen med sig", "en_short": { "default": "asks {{Actor}} else to ___ with them", "third_singular": "asks {{Actor}} else to ___ with them" }, "da_short": "nogen beder nogen om at ___ sammen med sig", "composition": { "en": "ask {{participant:object}} to ___ with him", "da": "beder {{participant:object}} om at {{verb:infinitive}} sammen med sig" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷qatiseri-' entry is glossed identically ('sbj beder obj vb-e sammen med sig' = 'sbj asks obj to Vb together with him').", "examples": [ { "surface": "aneqatiserivaa", "natural": "he asks her if she'll go out with him (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.31", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1" ], "id": "V_qatiseri_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_qqunngit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A forbids P to Vb; A asks P not to Vb", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqunngit", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Compositional: V_qqu_Vb plus the general negator V_ngngit_Vb; the qq-initial truncative attachment is shared with V_qqu_Vb.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qqunngilaa states that transitive negative contemporative replaces -nngilaq. With a speech verb this construction can express a stronger order: oqarfigaanga aneqqunanga, han forbød mig at gå ud. This is a mood-specific negative construction, not an additional ordinary -nngit after a negative contemporative." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_qqunngit_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} forbids {{Patient}} to ___; {{Actor}} asks {{Patient}} not to ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} forbids {{Patient}} to ___", "da": "nogen forbyder nogen at gøre det; beder nogen om ikke at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "forbid {{Patient}} to ___; ask {{Patient}} not to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen forbyder nogen at gøre det; beder nogen om ikke at gøre det", "da_short": "nogen forbyder nogen at ___", "composition": { "en": "forbid {{Patient}} to ___; ask {{Patient}} not to ___", "da": "nogen forbyder nogen at ___; beder nogen om ikke at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and richly corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷qqunngit-' entry matches closely, and Bjornum2012's own '-qqunngilaa' v-v entry is glossed almost identically ('siger at han ikke skal el. må; forbyder ham at').", "examples": [ { "surface": "aneqqunngilaanga", "natural": "he forbade me to go out (Bjornum2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" }, { "surface": "sineqqunngilaa", "natural": "she did not allow him to sleep (Nielsen2012's example, from sinippoq, 'he sleeps')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qqunngilaa" ], "id": "V_qqunngit_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_qqusaar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S does s.t. to get people to Vb him", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqusaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Same qq-initial truncative grounding as V_qqu_Vb above (V_qqusaar_Vb is itself built on that same qqu- root plus the 'try to get X to happen' extender V_saaq_Vb, below)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_qqusaar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} does something to get {{Actors}} to ___ him", "da": "nogen gør noget for at få andre til at gøre det ved sig", "verb_phrase": "do something to get {{Actors}} to ___ him", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør noget for at få andre til at gøre det ved sig", "en_short": { "default": "does something to get {{Actors}} to {{verb}} them" }, "da_short": "nogen gør noget for at få andre til at ___ ved sig", "composition": { "en": "do something to get {{Actors}} to ___ him", "da": "nogen gør noget for at få andre til at ___ ved sig" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+qqusaar- 2' entry (intransitive) is glossed closely ('prøve at få nogen til at vb-e sig' = 'try to get someone to Vb him/oneself').", "examples": [ { "surface": "nersoqqusaarpaa", "natural": "he tries to get someone to praise him (Nielsen2012's example, from nersorpaa, 'he praises him')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2" ], "id": "V_qqusaar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_qqusaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is allowed to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqusaa", "notes": [ "Bracket-vs-citation divergence: AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form for this entry is V{qqucau}V, but its own printed citation is '-qqusaavoq' -- underlying_form follows the citation. Per AITWG-Affixes' own text this is a compositional combination of V_qqu_Vb (above) + the passive participle V{-taq}N (see it for the special sandhi rules) + N{-u}V ('be'); the printed citation's own 's'-spelling is the expected surface realization of that same passive-participle construction (compare V_tau_Vb below, another -taq+u compound also surfacing with 's').", "AITWG-Affixes' own text adds that combining this with the negation V{ngit}V gives V{qqucauNGit}V, citation '-qqusaanngilaq' ('S is forbidden to Vb') -- not modeled as a separate entry, recorded here as a documented compound." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_qqusaa_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is allowed to ___", "da": "nogen har lov til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be allowed to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen har lov til at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "is allowed to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "nogen har lov til at ___", "composition": { "en": "be allowed to ___", "da": "nogen har lov til at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Richly and independently corroborated by both other sources, including the negated compound: Nielsen2012's own '÷qqusaa-' entry matches ('har fået lov til at vb-e', has gotten permission to Vb); Bjornum2012's own '-qqusaavoq' AND '-qqusaanngilaq' v-v entries match both the plain and negated forms almost verbatim.", "examples": [ { "surface": "iseqqusaavoq", "natural": "he has permission to come in (Bjornum2012's example, from iserpoq, 'he comes in')" }, { "surface": "pujortaqqusaavoq", "natural": "he has gotten permission to smoke (Nielsen2012's example, from pujortarpoq, 'he smokes')" }, { "surface": "aneqqusaanngilaq", "natural": "he may not go out (Bjornum2012's example of the negated compound, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qqusaavoq", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qqusaanngilaq" ], "id": "V_qqusaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_saar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A tries to get P to Vb as much as possible", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+saar", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1: The transitive sense is an agent trying to bring about as much of the object state/activity as possible. Nielsen distinguishes this +saar- 1 from intransitive +saar- 2, striving to V oneself; preserve the participant roles." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_saar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} tries to get {{Patient}} to ___ as much as possible", "da": "nogen prøver at få nogen til at gøre det så meget som muligt", "verb_phrase": "try to get {{Patient}} to ___ as much as possible", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen prøver at få nogen til at gøre det så meget som muligt", "en_short": "{{Actor}} tries to get {{Patient}} to ___", "da_short": "nogen prøver at få nogen til at ___ så meget som muligt", "composition": { "en": "try to get {{Patient}} to ___ as much as possible", "da": "nogen prøver at få nogen til at ___ så meget som muligt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+saar- 1 (i-)' entry is glossed identically ('sbj prøver at få obj til at vb-e mest muligt').", "examples": [ { "surface": "kamassaarpaa", "natural": "he provokes him (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.3.1)" }, { "surface": "kamassaarpaa", "natural": "he provokes him (lit. tries to make him as angry as possible) (Nielsen2012's example, from kamappoq, 'he is angry')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1" ], "id": "V_saar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_sar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A tries to get P to Vb", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sar", "notes": [ "Intransitive form uses the HTR-morpheme {i}, yielding +saivoq per AITWG-Affixes' own text, contracting to the attested +saavoq.", "Issue #609 (F1/F2 SAR adjudication): this entry IS Kleinschmidt1871's dedicated affix headword .sarpaa / .saarpaa ('gør at han/det; virker for (/ arbejder hen på) at'), explicitly distinct from .tippaa by 'positiv selvvirksomhed'. Same morpheme as Nielsen2012 +sar- 2 (i-) 'sbj gør obj vb-et', Bjornum2012 K9§6 +sarpaa, and AITWG-Affixes V{saq}V. katersat FST tag SAR (Der/vv) maps here as the default; do NOT fold into V_tar_Vb (habitual V{ðaq}V / +Tar- 1), which is a separate homograph whose vowel-stem allomorph also surfaces as -sar- (see V_tar_Vb notes and docs/investigations/issues/issue-609-counterbot-packet.md). Dual-tagged SAR/TAR rows need per-lexeme dictionary-sense adjudication (same class as NIQ) — bare tag shape cannot disambiguate.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 distinguishes +sarpaa, gør ham/den til or prøver at få ham/den til at, from reflexive +sarpoq, gør sig, and halftransitive +saavoq. Its piareersarpaa/piareersarpoq/piareersaavoq mean respectively makes him/it ready, makes himself ready, and makes ready. The corresponding pikkorissarpaa/pikkorissarpoq pair means makes him proficient versus improves himself/is on a course. These source-bound constructions do not add an executable HTR identity or a general reflexive slot binding to the existing transitive frame." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_sar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ], "contract_version": "semantic-source/v3", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sarpaa/+saavoq" ], "sense": { "id": "try-to-get-patient-to-base-event", "input": [ { "id": "base_event", "role": "embedded_event", "status": "required" } ], "output": [ { "id": "subject", "role": "initiator", "status": "required" }, { "id": "object", "role": "intended_agent", "status": "required" }, { "id": "embedded_subject", "role": "embedded_agent", "status": "required" } ], "variables": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ], "participant_bindings": [ { "from": "agent", "to": "subject" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "object" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "embedded_subject" } ], "contribution": { "operator": "try_to_get_to_perform", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ] }, "clause_relations": [ { "id": "intended-agent-controls-base-event", "type": "controlled_complement", "matrix_argument": "object", "embedded_argument": "embedded_subject", "participant_relation": "same_participant", "complement": "base_event" } ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sarpaa/+saavoq" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} tries to get {{Patient}} to ___", "da": "nogen prøver at få nogen til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "try to get {{Patient}} to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen prøver at få nogen til at gøre det", "composition": { "en": "try to get {{participant:object}} to ___", "da": "prøver at få {{participant:object}} til at {{verb:infinitive}}" }, "en_short": { "default": "tries to get {{Actor}} else to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "tries to get {{Actor}} else to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen prøver at få nogen til at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Richly and independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+sar- 2 (i-)' (transitive) and '+saa-' (intransitive) entries, plus Bjornum2012's own '+sarpaa'/'+saavoq' v-v entry, all use the SAME base verb (piareerpoq, 'he is ready') as their worked example, an unusually strong three-way match. Kleinschmidt1871's '.sarpaa' cites aalajangersarpaa among its worked exemplars.", "examples": [ { "surface": "piareersarpaa", "natural": "he makes him ready (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from piareerpoq, 'he is ready')" }, { "surface": "piareersaavoq", "natural": "he makes ready (Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012; Bjornum labels this halftransitive; the reflexive makes himself ready is piareersarpoq)" }, { "surface": "aggersarpaa", "natural": "he tries to get him to come / summons him (Nielsen2012 +sar- 2 and Bjornum2012 K9§6 shared example, from aggerpoq; katersat lex_28248 SAR-only)" }, { "surface": "aalajangersarpaa", "natural": "he establishes/fixes it; works to make it immovable (Kleinschmidt1871 dedicated headword, cited under .sarpaa; Oqaatsit1997:e37; katersat lex_31945)" }, { "surface": "piareersarpoq", "natural": "he makes himself ready (Bjornum2012 K9§6 reflexive +sarpoq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sarpaa/+saavoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.sarpaa" ], "id": "V_sar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_titer_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A lets P Vb in stages/one by one; used with an intransitive ending and no HTR-morpheme, the meaning is resultative passive: S is Vb'ed in stages/several times/one by one", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_titer_Vb:d35f4112eb40", "items": [ { "text": "A lets P Vb in stages/one by one; used with an intransitive ending and no HTR-morpheme, the meaning is resultative passive: S is Vb'ed in stages/several times/one by one", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-titer", "notes": [ "Bracket V{tetetQ}V: per AITWG-Affixes' own text this is a combination of V_tit_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, this repo's existing entry for the causative V{tet}V) and a further V{teQ}V segment; the combined affix behaves like an eq-stem under its own further inflection ('like other stems ending in /eq/, the final /q/ cannot be removed by a vowel, and is thus instead only weakened to /r/') -- this describes how the AFFIX's own final segment continues, not modeled as a schema field here for lack of a directly attested paradigm to confirm inflection_sandhi:weakening's established scope against, per this repo's practice of declining to force an enum value without a worked example.", "boundary_behavior/left_sandhi are left at this template's additive default -- the ± mark on the citation (per Definition 2.5) reflects V_tit_Vb's own already-documented mixed t-stem-truncative/otherwise-additive behavior, inherited here rather than independently re-derived; V_tit_Vb's own notes give the full account and the reasoning for not asserting a left_sandhi enum value on that mixed case.", "Intransitive form uses the HTR-morpheme {i}, giving -titerivoq per AITWG-Affixes' own text." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_titer_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ], "contract_version": "semantic-source/v3", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1" ], "sense": { "id": "let-patient-perform-base-event-repeatedly", "input": [ { "id": "base_event", "role": "embedded_event", "status": "required" } ], "output": [ { "id": "subject", "role": "initiator", "status": "required" }, { "id": "object", "role": "requested_agent", "status": "required" }, { "id": "embedded_subject", "role": "embedded_agent", "status": "required" } ], "variables": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ], "participant_bindings": [ { "from": "agent", "to": "subject" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "object" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "embedded_subject" } ], "contribution": { "operator": "let_to_perform_repeatedly", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ] }, "clause_relations": [ { "id": "patient-controls-base-event", "type": "controlled_complement", "matrix_argument": "object", "embedded_argument": "embedded_subject", "participant_relation": "same_participant", "complement": "base_event" } ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "The intransitive resultative-passive reading without HTR is outside this transitive sense." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} lets {{Patient}} ___ in stages; {{Actor}} lets {{Patient}} ___ in one by one", "en_short": "{{Actor}} lets {{Patient}} ___ in stages/one by one", "da": "nogen lader nogen gøre det i etaper; nogen lader nogen gøre det en efter en", "verb_phrase": "let {{Patient}} ___ in stages; let {{Patient}} ___ in one by one; used with an intransitive ending and no HTR-morpheme, the meaning is resultative passive: {{Subject}} is ___-ed in stages times; used with an intransitive ending and no HTR-morpheme, the meaning is resultative passive: {{Subject}} is ___-ed in several times; used with an intransitive ending and no HTR-morpheme, the meaning is resultative passive: {{Subject}} is ___-ed in stages one by one; used with an intransitive ending and no HTR-morpheme, the meaning is resultative passive: {{Subject}} is ___-ed in several one by one", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen lader nogen gøre det i etaper; nogen lader nogen gøre det en efter en", "da_short": "___ i etaper; ___ en efter en", "composition": { "en": "lets {{participant:object}} {{verb:infinitive}} in stages; lets {{participant:object}} {{verb:infinitive}} one by one", "da": "lader {{participant:object}} {{verb:infinitive}} i etaper; lader {{participant:object}} {{verb:infinitive}} en efter en" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+titer- 1' (transitive) and '÷titer- 2' (intransitive) entries match closely ('sbj lader obj vb-e ad flere omgange' / 'sbj vb-er sig ad flere omgange', both flagged by Nielsen2012 as possibly more common in older language). A related but not identical Nielsen2012 entry, '±titer-' (§5.3.3.11, 'det ene sbj efter det andet vb-er...'), covers a similar iterative/distributive idea with different examples -- recorded as a plausibly-related but not confirmed-identical second citation.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inissititerpai", "natural": "he lets them find their place bit by bit (Nielsen2012's example, from inissippoq, 'he finds a place')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2" ], "id": "V_titer_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_tsailiuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A prevents P from Vb'ing", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+taali", "allomorphs": { "alveolar_final_stem": "-tsaali", "vowel_final_stem": "+tsaali" }, "notes": [ "Bracket V{t(s)aili(uq)}V: per AITWG-Affixes' own text this affix is sandhi-epenthetic, but unusually the epenthetic /(s)/ is injected WITHIN the affix (after its own initial /t/) rather than before it, and does not assimilate a preceding /t/ -- so vowel-stems take +tsaalivaa while consonant-stems take +taalivaa, but t-stems ALSO take the -ts- form (e.g. following V_tit_Vb's own negation-adjacent V{ngit}V: -nngitsaalivaa). underlying_form models the plain (no-s) consonant-stem-following form; the epenthetic conditioning is described here in prose rather than forced into a left_sandhi value, since it doesn't cleanly match this schema's existing sandhi-epenthetic vocabulary (built for N-side (q)/(r) cases like N_pak_N, not this affix-internal-injection pattern).", "The optional final -(uq) segment (giving +t(s)aaliorpaa) makes no difference in meaning per AITWG-Affixes' own text, though it 'may be the most common/preferred form by some speakers, especially of the Central West Greenlandic dialect, according to Fortescue (1983)' (a claim this repo cannot independently verify without Fortescue1983 access)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tsailiuq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ], "contract_version": "semantic-source/v3", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1" ], "sense": { "id": "prevent-patient-from-base-event", "input": [ { "id": "base_event", "role": "embedded_event", "status": "required" } ], "output": [ { "id": "subject", "role": "preventer", "status": "required" }, { "id": "object", "role": "preventee", "status": "required" }, { "id": "embedded_subject", "role": "embedded_agent", "status": "required" } ], "variables": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ], "participant_bindings": [ { "from": "agent", "to": "subject" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "object" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "embedded_subject" } ], "contribution": { "operator": "prevent", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ] }, "clause_relations": [ { "id": "preventee-controls-base-event", "type": "controlled_complement", "matrix_argument": "object", "embedded_argument": "embedded_subject", "participant_relation": "same_participant", "complement": "base_event" } ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} prevents {{Patient}} from ___-ing", "da": "nogen forhindrer nogen i at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "prevent {{Patient}} from ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen forhindrer nogen i at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "prevents {{Actor}} else from ___-ing", "gerund": "prevents {{Actor}} else from ___-ing" }, "da_short": "nogen forhindrer nogen i at ___", "composition": { "en": "prevent {{participant:object}} from ___-ing", "da": "forhindrer {{participant:object}} i at {{verb:infinitive}}" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+t(s)aali-/÷tsaalior-' entry matches closely ('sbj hindrer obj i at vb-e' = 'sbj prevents obj from Vb-ing'), including the vowel-vs-consonant-stem +tsaali-/÷tsaali- alternation.", "examples": [ { "surface": "neritsaalivaa", "natural": "he prevents him from eating (Nielsen2012's example, from nerivoq, 'he eats' -- a vowel-final host, illustrating the +tsaali- allomorph)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1" ], "id": "V_tsailiuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_giar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "go and Vb; go to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+giar", "allomorphs": { "velar_final_stem": "-kkiar" }, "notes": [ "Shares its gloss with V_gijaqtuq_go_Vb below (see that entry's own note on why the two are kept as separate entries, per the source's own explicit Fidelity-noted two-headword split)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_giar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "go and ___; go to ___", "en_short": "go and ___", "da": "at tage af sted for at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "go and ___; go to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "at tage af sted for at gøre det", "da_short": "at tage af sted for at ___", "composition": { "en": "go and ___; go to ___", "da": "at tage af sted for at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Richly and independently corroborated, with the SAME worked example appearing in all three sources: Nielsen2012's own '+giar-' entry ('tage hen for at vb-e', mostly in lexicalized forms) and Bjornum2012's own '-giarpoq'/'-riarpoq'/'+kiarpoq' v-v entry ('går hen for at, mest i leksikaliserede gloser') both cite ataatsimiippoq -> ataatsimiikkiarpoq/-giarpoq -- the identical example AITWG-Affixes itself uses.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ataatsimiikkiarpoq", "natural": "he has gone to a meeting (from ataatsimiippoq, 'he holds a meeting'; independently attested by all three sources)" }, { "surface": "aalisariarpoq", "natural": "he has gone out fishing (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from aalisarpoq, 'he fishes')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.32", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -giarpoq" ], "id": "V_giar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_gijaqtuq_go_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "go and Vb; go to Vb (shares its gloss with V_giar_Vb above)", "valency": "ambitransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+jartor", "allomorphs": { "velar_final_stem": "-kkiartor", "uvular_final_stem": "-riartor", "r_final_stem": "-riartor" }, "notes": [ "Two entries in this affix-list chapter share the identical gloss 'go and Vb; go to Vb' (V_giar_Vb, end of Sec.6.3, and this entry, start of Sec.6.4) -- per docs/affixlist/6-verbal-extenders.md's own Fidelity note, this is the source's own two separate bolded headwords, not a transcription duplication artifact, matching the same pattern already used elsewhere in this repo for genuinely distinct same-gloss sibling entries (e.g. N_kkataaq_N/N_kkallak_N).", "The prefix /(gi)/ is removed on vowel stems per AITWG-Affixes' own text (giving +jartorpoq), present on consonant stems including ute-stems (giving -kkiartorpoq), and on q-stems the ordinary /g/->fusion rules give -riartorpoq; after an /i/ sound the resulting [j] is not written, leaving just +artorpoq.", "The reported r-final composition naneruuseriartor- selects -riartor, distinct from the q-stem class despite sharing its surface form; exact r-stem rule remains flagged for source review (issue", "Modern atuariartorpoq rows explicitly mean being on the way to school. Bjornum prints the matching school-going example but its parenthetical base reference is kaffisorpoq, flagged as mismatched in the transcription; do not cite that parenthesis as independent proof of an atuarpoq base. Lexical word pins do not approve a universal completed journey or new attachment rule.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +jartorpoq attests both intransitive igajartorpoq (goes to cook, from igavoq) and transitive tigujartorpaa (goes to take it, from tiguaa). Ambitransitive records these two attested constructions: the subject goes to perform the host event; in the transitive example the object is the thing to be taken, not a destination or a new causee. This does not admit unrestricted host attachment or a general role-preservation rule for every host. The measurable more-and-more sense remains separately represented by V_gijaqtuq_Vb." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_gijaqtuq_go_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "go and ___; go to ___ (shares its gloss with V_giar_Vb above)", "en_short": "go and ___", "da": "at tage af sted for at gøre det", "da_short": "at tage af sted for at ___", "composition": { "da": "tager af sted for at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "tager af sted for at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Richly and independently corroborated, with a matching worked example in Nielsen2012: Nielsen2012's own '+(gi)jartor- 1' entry ('gå hen, komme for at vb-e') gives the SAME example igavoq -> igajartorpoq AITWG-Affixes-adjacent sources cite; Bjornum2012's own '+jartorpoq'/'+artorpoq'/'-riartorpoq'/'+kiartorpoq' v-v entry independently gives the identical igajartorpoq word too -- a three-way exact match.", "examples": [ { "surface": "igajartorpoq", "natural": "he has gone to cook (independently attested with the identical word by both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012, from igavoq, 'he cooks')" }, { "surface": "atuariartorpoq", "natural": "is on the way to school (exact modern paired dictionary rows; Bjornum's printed parenthetical base is mismatched)" }, { "surface": "tigujartorpaa", "natural": "he goes to take it (Bjornum2012 K9§6, from tiguaa)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +jartorpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:atuariartorpoq#e2462", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuariartorpoq#e2409" ], "id": "V_gijaqtuq_go_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_lersaar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "intends to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lersaar", "notes": [ "l-initial affix; per AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 'most, though not all, /l/-initial affixes are truncative' -- boundary_behavior:truncating follows the template default here without asserting a specific left_sandhi value, since no worked example of this affix on a consonant-final host was found to confirm truncation directly (matching this repo's practice of not overclaiming beyond what a worked example actually shows).", "Nominal cognate: this repo's existing N_liqsaarut_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_extenders.yaml) is built on the same ler-/lersaar- root but is a distinct N-to-N affix, not this V-to-V one -- not a duplicate." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_lersaar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "intends to ___", "da": "har til hensigt at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "intends to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "har til hensigt at gøre det", "en_short": "intends to ___", "da_short": "har til hensigt at ___", "composition": { "en": "intends to ___", "da": "har til hensigt at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷lersaar- 2' entry is glossed identically ('agter, har til hensigt at vb-e' = 'intends, has the intention to Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "aavalersaarpoq", "natural": "he intends to go caribou hunting (Nielsen2012's example, from aavarpoq, 'he goes caribou hunting')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_lersaar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_naveersaar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "endeavours not to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+naveersaar", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4: Attempted avoidance does not assert that the activity failed to happen: the scope is try [not V], not not [try V]. Nielsen contrasts vowel-host sulinaveersaarpoq with ippannaveersaarpoq." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_naveersaar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "endeavours not to ___", "da": "bestræber sig på ikke at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "endeavours not to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "bestræber sig på ikke at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "endeavours not to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "bestræber sig på ikke at ___", "composition": { "en": "endeavours not to ___", "da": "bestræber sig på ikke at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+naveersaar-' entry is glossed identically ('prøve på ikke at vb-e' = 'try not to Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "ippannaveersaarpoq", "natural": "he tries to avoid becoming dirty (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.4)" }, { "surface": "sulinaveersaarpoq", "natural": "he tries not to work (Nielsen2012's example, from sulivoq, 'he works')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_naveersaar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_nialuk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "tries a little to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nialuk" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_nialuk_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tries a little to ___", "da": "prøver lidt på at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "tries a little to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "prøver lidt på at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "tries a little to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "prøver lidt på at ___", "composition": { "en": "tries a little to ___", "da": "prøver lidt på at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+nialug-' entry is glossed identically ('prøve at vb-e lidt' = 'try a little to Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "sulinialuppoq", "natural": "he tries a little to work (Nielsen2012's example, from sulivoq, 'he works')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_nialuk_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_niaq_try_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S tries to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niaq", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes p.33 presents this as a verbal extender V{niaq}V with citation +niarpoq; Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.4 separately numbers +niar- 1 under verbal extenders and glosses it 'try to Vb', with iserniarpoq from iserpoq. The leading + grounds additive attachment (AITWG-Affixes Definition 2.5). No broader allomorph, host-class, or valency rule is inferred from this evidence.", "The sources reuse the same V{niaq}V / +niar- shape for the sentence-scope readings catalogued separately as V_niaq_Vb in sentential_affixes.yaml (+niar- 2–4 in Nielsen2012). Keep the source-distinguished 'try to Vb' extender here; whether these readings are one polysemous morpheme or homonymous/category-distinct uses remains unresolved. Also distinguish Fortescue1984:210's truncating V_niar_Vb ('go in order to V; intend to V')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} tries to ___", "da": "nogen prøver at gøre det (verbet)", "verb_phrase": "try to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "prøve at ___", "en_short": { "default": "tries to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "prøver at ___", "composition": { "en": "try to ___", "da": "prøve at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iserniarpoq", "natural": "he tries to come in (Nielsen2012's example, from iserpoq, 'he comes in')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_niaq_try_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_niaqcari_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "tries (despite difficulty) to Vb", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niarsari", "notes": [ "Bracket V{niaqcare}V; underlying_form respells the bracket's final schwa as 'i' and its 'c' as 's' (the same c/s bracket-vs-citation spelling pattern already noted elsewhere in this repo, e.g. N_ssiaq_N), matching AITWG-Affixes' own printed citation '+niarsaraaq' and Nielsen2012's own identical spelling ('+niarsare-')." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_niaqcari_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tries (despite difficulty) to ___", "da": "prøver (på trods af vanskeligheder) at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "tries to {{verb}} despite difficulty" }, "da_short": "prøver at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+niarsare-' entry is glossed identically ('prøve at vb-e trods vanskelighed' = 'try to Vb despite difficulty').", "examples": [ { "surface": "tiguniarsaraa", "natural": "he tries hard to take it (Nielsen2012's example, from tiguaa, 'he takes it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_niaqcari_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_niinnar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "tries all the time/at all costs/just to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niinnar", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4: Nielsen describes an effort to continue at all costs. Retain both effort and continuation, rather than reducing this to the restrictive only sense of -innar-." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_niinnar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tries all the time to ___; tries at all costs to ___; tries just to ___", "da": "prøver hele tiden at gøre det; prøver for enhver pris at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "tries constantly to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "prøver hele tiden at ___; prøver for enhver pris at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+niinnar-' entry is glossed identically ('prøve for enhver pris at blive ved med at vb-e' = 'try at all costs to keep on Vb-ing').", "examples": [ { "surface": "suliniinnarpoq", "natural": "he absolutely insists on continuing to work (Nielsen2012's example, from sulivoq, 'he works')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_niinnar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_neqqisaati_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S'es compete at Vb'ing (most)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+neqqisaa", "notes": [ "Bracket-vs-citation divergence: AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form is V{niqqicaut(e)}V, but its printed citation is '+neqqisaapput' (already showing the plural ending -pput, since this affix is inherently used with plural subjects per its gloss) -- underlying_form strips that plural ending, giving '+neqqisaa'. This is a closer match to Nielsen2012's own citation spelling ('+neqqisaate-', also 'neqqisaa'-based) than to AITWG-Affixes' own bracket spelling ('niqqicaute'), a genuine cross-notation divergence (i vs e, c vs s) recorded here rather than silently resolved.", "Shares its gloss with V_qqaanniuuti_Vb below -- kept as two separate entries per the source's own separate headword presentation, same pattern as V_giar_Vb/V_gijaqtuq_go_Vb above." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actors}} compete at ___-ing (most)", "da": "flere konkurrerer om at gøre det (mest)", "verb_phrase": "compete at ___-ing (most)", "da_verb_phrase": "flere konkurrerer om at gøre det (mest)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actors}} compete at {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actors}} compete at {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "flere konkurrerer om at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (with a spelling caveat, see above): Nielsen2012's own '+neqqisaate-' entry is glossed identically ('kappes om at vb-e mest' = 'compete to Vb the most').", "examples": [ { "surface": "sapiinneqqisaapput", "natural": "they compete to be the bravest (Nielsen2012's example, from sapiipput, 'they are brave' -- the same word AITWG-Affixes' own citation form is built on)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_neqqisaati_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_qqaanniuuti_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S'es compete at Vb'ing first" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqaanniuuti", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "qq-initial affix, same truncative grounding as V_qqu_Vb above.", "Shares its gloss with V_neqqisaati_Vb above (see that entry's own note); the source's own citation form '-qqaanniuupput' already includes the plural ending -pput this inherently-plural-subject affix requires." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actors}} compete at ___-ing first", "da": "flere konkurrerer om at gøre det først", "verb_phrase": "compete at ___-ing first", "da_verb_phrase": "flere konkurrerer om at gøre det først", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actors}} compete at {{verb:gerund}} first", "gerund": "{{Actors}} compete at {{verb:gerund}} first" }, "da_short": "flere konkurrerer om at ___ først", "composition": { "en": "compete at ___-ing first", "da": "flere konkurrerer om at ___ først" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, with a near-identical citation spelling: Nielsen2012's own '÷qqaanniute-, ÷qqaanniuu' entry (also notable as an interjection form) is glossed identically ('kappes om at vb-e først' = 'compete to Vb first').", "examples": [ { "surface": "aneqqaanniupput", "natural": "they compete to be first out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_qqaanniuuti_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_riaraluar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "tries unsuccessfully to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riaraluar", "notes": [ "r-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kNGpqr/-initial rule grounds boundary_behavior:truncating/left_sandhi:truncative here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tries unsuccessfully to ___", "da": "prøver forgæves at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "tries unsuccessfully to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "prøver forgæves at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "tries unsuccessfully to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "prøver forgæves at ___", "composition": { "en": "tries unsuccessfully to ___", "da": "prøver forgæves at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷riaraluar-' entry is glossed identically ('prøve forgæves at vb-e' = 'try in vain to Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "suleriaraluarpoq", "natural": "he tried in vain to work (Nielsen2012's example, from sulivoq, 'he works')" }, { "surface": "isornartorsioriaraluarpaa", "natural": "he tried in vain to criticize it (Nielsen2012's transitive example, from isornartorsiorpaa, 'he criticizes it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_riaraluar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_ccamaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "intends/plans to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssamaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Bracket form V{ccamaaq}V begins with a geminate /cc/, a genuine two-consonant cluster onset surfacing orthographically as double /ss/ -- AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 (phonotactic truncativity) grounds boundary_behavior:truncating/left_sandhi:truncative here directly, the same double-consonant-onset reasoning already used for this repo's N_ssamaaq_N (nominal_modifiers.yaml)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ccamaaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "intends to ___; plans to ___", "da": "har til hensigt at gøre det; har til planlægger at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "intends to ___; plans to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "har til hensigt at gøre det; har til planlægger at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "intends to {{verb}}; plans to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "har til hensigt at ___; har til planlægger at ___", "composition": { "en": "intends to ___; plans to ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+ssamaar-' entry is glossed identically ('agter at vb-e' = 'intends to Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "angalassamaarpoq", "natural": "he intends to go travelling (Nielsen2012's example, from angalavoq, 'he is travelling')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_ccamaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_tariaqaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "must Vb; needs to Vb", "valency": "ambitransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tariaqar", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+sariaqar" }, "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5 explicitly attests both intransitive aallartariaqarpoq and transitive iluarsaattariaqarpara (I must repair it). The modern active obligation preserves the host’s subject and, when present, object. Ambitransitive here records those two result patterns; the host and ending determine object realization. Older/passive or avalent readings mentioned by MOFO are separate unresolved branches, not encoded by this frame.", "Bracket form V{dariaqaq}V respells its initial /d/ (this schema's bracket-notation apical) as 't' in the ID/underlying_form, matching this repo's existing precedent for the same phoneme (V_tit_Vb from V{tet}V).", "AITWG-Affixes:p.33 also gives the -irut(ə) compound +tariaqaaruppoq. It is now modeled separately as V_tariaqaarut_Vb under the passive Patient scope directly attested by Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5. AITWG's active Subject gloss remains an unresolved voice/argument-scope difference; it is not assumed equivalent to the passive reading." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tariaqaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "must ___; needs to ___", "en_short": "must ___", "da": "skal nødt til at gøre det; er nødt til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "must ___; needs to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "skal nødt til at gøre det; er nødt til at gøre det", "da_short": "skal nødt til at ___; er nødt til at ___", "composition": { "en": "must ___; needs to ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Richly and independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+Tariaqar-' entry and Bjornum2012's own '+sariaqarpoq'/'+tariaqarpoq' v-v entry both match closely, with Bjornum2012 giving the vowel-stem allomorph +sariaqarpoq AITWG-Affixes' own text doesn't separately spell out.", "examples": [ { "surface": "iluarsaattariaqarpara", "natural": "I must repair it (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.5; transitive result retaining its object)" }, { "surface": "aallartariaqarpoq", "natural": "he must leave (Nielsen2012's example, from aallarpoq, 'he leaves')" }, { "surface": "nerisariaqarpunga", "natural": "I have to eat (Bjornum2012's example, from nerivoq, 'he eats' -- a vowel-final host, illustrating the +sariaqar- allomorph)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sariaqarpoq/+tariaqarpoq" ], "id": "V_tariaqaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_taccau_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is to be Vb'ed (by someone) (only makes sense on divalent base stems, since it reduces the valency)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_taccau_Vb:471b8452e52d", "items": [ { "text": "S is to be Vb'ed (by someone) (only makes sense on divalent base stems, since it reduces the valency)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sassaa", "allomorphs": { "alveolar_final_stem": "-tassaa", "velar_final_stem": "-gassaa" }, "notes": [ "Bracket-vs-citation divergence: AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form is V{-daccau}V, but its own printed citation is '+sassaavoq' (with further -tassaavoq/-gassaavoq allomorphs) -- underlying_form follows the citation's primary (vowel-stem) form. Per AITWG-Affixes' own text this is a compositional combination of the passive participle V{-daq}N (see it for the special sandhi rules), future nominal affix N{ccaq}N and N{-u}V ('be')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is to be ___-ed", "da": "nogen skal gøres det ved (af nogen)", "verb_phrase": "be to be ___-ed (by {{Actor}}) (only makes sense on divalent base stems, since it reduces the valency)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen skal gøres det ved (af nogen)", "en_short": { "default": "is to be {{verb:past}}", "past": "is to be {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "nogen skal gøres det ved", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, though filed by Nielsen2012 under a different semantic heading than AITWG-Affixes' own 'Potentiality' section: Nielsen2012's own '+sassaa-, ÷tassaa-' entry (§5.3.2.6.5, 'Passiviserende tilhæng', passivizing affixes) is glossed identically ('sbj skal vb-es' = 'sbj is to be Vb-ed') -- the same underlying fact, cross-classified differently by the two grammars, worth noting.", "examples": [ { "surface": "paarisassaavoq", "natural": "he is to be looked after (Nielsen2012's example, from paarivaa, 'he looks after him')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5" ], "id": "V_taccau_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_tussaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is supposed to Vb (an obligation)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tussaa", "notes": [ "Per AITWG-Affixes' own text, formed from a combination of the intransitive participle V_soq_N (this repo's existing V{duq}N entry, deverbal_nouns.yaml), the nominal future affix N{ccaq}N, and N{-u}V ('be')." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tussaa_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is supposed to ___ (an obligation)", "da": "skal gøre det (en forpligtelse)", "en_short": { "default": "is supposed to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "skal ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+Tussaa-' entry is glossed identically ('skal, være planlagt, regne med at vb-e' = 'shall, be planned, expected to Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "pisussaaq", "natural": "it will happen (Nielsen2012's example, from pivoq, 'it happens')" }, { "surface": "tikittussaaq", "natural": "it is due to arrive (Nielsen2012's example, from tikippoq, 'it has arrived')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5" ], "id": "V_tussaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_tussanngor_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is about to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tussanngor", "notes": [ "Per AITWG-Affixes' own text, formed the same way as V_tussaa_Vb above, but with the verbalizer N{nguq}V ('S becomes N') as the final segment instead of N{-u}V ('be').", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration found for this specific compound." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tussanngor_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is about to ___", "da": "nogen er ved at skulle gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be about to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er ved at skulle gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "is about to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er ved at skulle ___", "composition": { "en": "be about to ___", "da": "nogen er ved at skulle ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tussanngorpoq", "natural": "he is about to ... (AITWG-Affixes' own abstract citation form, not tied to a specific base verb in the source)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34" ], "id": "V_tussanngor_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_ja_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is apt to Vb; S can easily Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ja", "notes": [ "The exact unshakeable/immovable example is pinned independently. The same dictionaries separately list a loyal reading under other rows; that lexicalized sense is not automatically derived by this apt-to operator or its negative combination.", "This affix's own negative combinations, both documented by AITWG-Affixes' own text within the same paragraph rather than as separate headwords: V{-ja}V + privative V{-it}V -> V{jait}V ('-jaippoq', S is not likely to Vb), independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷jaat-' entry ('være utilbøjelig til at vb-e'); and V{-ja}V + V_tit_Vb-adjacent V{ngit}V -> V{-jangit}V ('-janngilaq', S cannot/never Vb-s), independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷janngit-' entry ('vb-e ikke let')." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ja_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is apt to ___; {{Subject}} can easily ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} is apt to ___", "da": "nogen har let ved at gøre det; nogen kan let gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be apt to ___; can easily ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen har let ved at gøre det; nogen kan let gøre det", "da_short": "nogen har let ved at ___", "composition": { "en": "be apt to ___; can easily ___", "da": "nogen har let ved at ___; nogen kan let ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and richly corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷ja-' entry matches AITWG-Affixes' own gloss almost word for word ('være tilbøjelig til at vb-e, vb-e let').", "examples": [ { "surface": "qiajavoq", "natural": "she cries easily (Nielsen2012's example, from qiavoq, 'she cries')" }, { "surface": "aalajaappoq", "natural": "it is unshakeable (Nielsen2012's example of the negated ÷jaat- form, from aalavoq, 'it moves')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalajaappoq#e30", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalajaappoq#e34", "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5" ], "id": "V_ja_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_juit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S cannot Vb; S never Vb's (formed by combination with the privative V{-it}V; the meaning flips to 'always Vb-s' on a base stem with a negative meaning of its own)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-juit", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5: Nielsen explicitly reverses the lexical negative polarity of a host such as susaarpoq (no catch): susaajuippoq describes always catching something. Interpret the host meaning before glossing never; do not add a second surface negation to this affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} cannot ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} cannot ___", "da": "nogen kan ikke gøre det; nogen gør det aldrig", "verb_phrase": "cannot ___; never ___-s (formed by combination with the privative V{-it}V; the meaning flips to 'always ___-s' on a base stem with a negative meaning of its own)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen kan ikke gøre det; nogen gør det aldrig", "da_short": "nogen kan ikke ___", "composition": { "da": "nogen kan ikke ___; nogen ___ aldrig" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, including the negative-base-stem meaning flip AITWG-Affixes' own text also mentions: Nielsen2012's own '÷juit-' entry states the identical flip ('Hvis verbalbasen har negativ grundbetydning, betyder tilhænget altid vb-e').", "examples": [ { "surface": "mulujuippoq", "natural": "he is never away for long (Nielsen2012's example, from muluvoq, 'he is away for a while')" }, { "surface": "oqaloqatigiuippaa", "natural": "he never talks with him (Nielsen2012's transitive example, from oqaloqatigaa, 'he talks with him')" }, { "surface": "susaajuippoq", "natural": "he always catches something (Nielsen2012's example of the meaning-flip, from susaarpoq, 'he hasn't caught anything')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5" ], "id": "V_juit_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_katak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is tired of Vb'ing", "valency": "ambitransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-katak", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -katappoq attests intransitive biilikatappoq (tired of driving) and the transitive -reerpoq construction akileriikatappara (I paid it long ago, from akilerpaa). Ambitransitive records these available constructions, not a required object: in the transitive witness the object is the thing paid for. The long-ago reading belongs to this cited combination, not every use of -katak, and does not establish a universal host-role or ordering rule." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_katak_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is tired of ___-ing", "da": "er træt af at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be tired of ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "er træt af at gøre det", "en_short": "is tired of ___-ing", "da_short": "er træt af at ___", "composition": { "en": "be tired of ___-ing", "da": "er træt af at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and richly corroborated (though filed by Nielsen2012 under a different semantic heading, 'Ønske og vente' / wishing and waiting, than AITWG-Affixes' own 'Potentiality' section -- worth noting): Nielsen2012's own '÷katag- 2' entry and Bjornum2012's own '-katappoq' v-v/n-v entry both match closely ('være træt af at vb-e' / 'er træt af').", "examples": [ { "surface": "utaqqikatappoq", "natural": "he is tired of waiting (Nielsen2012's example, from utaqqivoq, 'he waits')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -katappoq" ], "id": "V_katak_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_llaqqik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is proficient at Vb'ing", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llaqqik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "ll-initial affix (consonant cluster): AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4's phonotactic-truncativity rule grounds boundary_behavior:truncating/left_sandhi:truncative here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_llaqqik_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is proficient at ___-ing", "da": "nogen er dygtig til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be proficient at ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er dygtig til at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "is proficient at {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "is proficient at {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er dygtig til at ___", "composition": { "en": "be proficient at ___-ing", "da": "nogen er dygtig til at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and richly corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷llaqqig-' entry and Bjornum2012's own '-llaqqippoq' v-v entry both match closely ('være god til at vb-e' / 'er dygtig til at'), with Bjornum2012 sharing AITWG-Affixes-adjacent sources' preferred base verb sulivoq ('he works').", "examples": [ { "surface": "sulillaqqippoq", "natural": "he is good at working (Bjornum2012's example, from sulivoq, 'he works')" }, { "surface": "oqalullaqqippoq", "natural": "he is good at speaking (Nielsen2012's example, from oqaluppoq, 'he speaks')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -llaqqippoq" ], "id": "V_llaqqik_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_naveer_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "can no longer Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+naveer" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "can no longer ___", "da": "kan ikke længere gøre det", "verb_phrase": "can no longer ___", "da_verb_phrase": "kan ikke længere gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "can no longer {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "kan ikke længere ___", "composition": { "en": "can no longer ___", "da": "kan ikke længere ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+naveer-' entry is glossed identically ('kan ikke længere vb-e, aldrig mere vb-e'). Its examples include both intransitive and transitive verbs; no general valency transformation is asserted here.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sallunaveerpoq", "natural": "he can never lie again (Nielsen2012's example, from salluvoq, 'he lies')" }, { "surface": "toqunnaveerpaa", "natural": "he can no longer kill it (Nielsen2012's example, from the transitive toquppaa, 'he kills it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5" ], "id": "V_naveer_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_riainnaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is easily Vb'ed; S is ready to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riaannaa", "notes": [ "r-initial affix: AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kNGpqr/-initial rule grounds boundary_behavior:truncating/left_sandhi:truncative here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_riainnaa_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is easily ___-ed; {{Subject}} is ready to ___", "en_short": "{{Subject}} is easily ___-ed", "da": "nogen er let at gøre det ved; nogen er klar til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be easily ___-ed; be ready to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er let at gøre det ved; nogen er klar til at gøre det", "da_short": "nogen er let at ___ ved", "composition": { "en": "be easily ___-ed; be ready to ___", "da": "nogen er let at ___ ved; nogen er klar til at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷riaannaa-' entry is glossed identically ('kan let vb-e' = 'can easily Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "aneriaannaavoq", "natural": "he is ready to go out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "AITWG:§2.4", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5" ], "id": "V_riainnaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_sinnaanngor_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "becomes able to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sinnaanngor", "notes": [ "Compositional: V_sinnaa_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, this repo's existing entry for 'can Vb') + the verbalizer N{nguq}V ('S becomes N').", "A near-match, not asserted as an identical form: Nielsen2012's own '+sinnaannor-' entry is glossed identically ('er blevet i stand til at vb-e' = 'has become able to Vb'), but its own spelling ('sinnaannor-') lacks the /ng/~/ngu/ segment AITWG-Affixes' own citation shows ('sinnaanngor-') -- a small but real spelling gap, not silently smoothed over; recorded as a plausible but not confirmed-identical corroboration." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_sinnaanngor_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "becomes able to ___", "da": "bliver i stand til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "becomes able to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver i stand til at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "becomes able to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "bliver i stand til at ___", "composition": { "en": "becomes able to ___", "da": "bliver i stand til at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sinnaanngorpoq", "natural": "he becomes able to ... (AITWG-Affixes' own abstract citation form, not tied to a specific base verb in the source)" }, { "surface": "asaasinnaannorpoq", "natural": "he is now able to wash the floor (Nielsen2012's example, illustrating the closely related -sinnaannor- form, from asaavoq, 'he washes the floor')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5" ], "id": "V_sinnaanngor_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_sinnaatitaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S has been given permission/right to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sinnaatitaa", "notes": [ "With the dummy base {pi}V and V_vigi_Vb below (this same chapter's V{(v)vige}V) is obtained the word for 'rights', e.g. pisinnaatitaaffikka ('my rights'), per AITWG-Affixes' own text." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_sinnaatitaa_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has been given permission to ___; {{Subject}} has been given right to ___", "da": "nogen har fået lov til at gøre det; nogen har fået ret til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "have been given permission to ___; have been given right to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen har fået lov til at gøre det; nogen har fået ret til at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "has permission to {{verb}}; has right to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "nogen har fået lov til at ___; nogen har fået ret til at ___", "composition": { "en": "have been given permission to ___; have been given right to ___", "da": "nogen har fået lov til at ___; nogen har fået ret til at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated with a near-identical citation spelling: Nielsen2012's own '+sinnaatitaa-' entry is glossed identically ('har fået tilladelse til at vb-e' = 'has gotten permission to Vb').", "examples": [ { "surface": "nerisinnaatitaavugut", "natural": "we may eat (Nielsen2012's example, from nerivugut, 'we eat')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5" ], "id": "V_sinnaatitaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_seriar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "can easily Vb; is liable to Vb", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+seriar", "notes": [ "This affix's own negative combination with the privative V{-it}V is described by AITWG-Affixes' own text as irregular, since the combined affix 'behaves like an aq-stem' -- giving V{siriit}V, citation '+seriippoq' ('S Vb's with difficulty; is not liable to Vb'), with deletion of the final /aq/. Not modeled as a separate entry (recorded here as a documented compound), but independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own separate '+seriit-' entry (below)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_seriar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "can easily ___; is liable to ___", "en_short": "can easily ___", "da": "kan let gøre det; har tendens til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "can easily ___; be liable to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "kan let gøre det; har tendens til at gøre det", "da_short": "kan let ___", "composition": { "en": "can easily ___; be liable to ___", "da": "kan let ___; har tendens til at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, including the negative compound: Nielsen2012's own '+seriar-' entry matches ('have let ved at vb-e' = 'have an easy time Vb-ing'), and its own separate '+seriit-' entry ('har ikke let ved at vb-e') matches the negative compound AITWG-Affixes describes.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilikkarseriarpoq", "natural": "he is a quick learner (Nielsen2012's example, from ilikkarpoq, 'he has learned something')" }, { "surface": "ilikkarseriippoq", "natural": "he is a slow learner (Nielsen2012's example of the negative +seriit- compound, from the same base)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5", "Oqaatsit1997:ilikkarseriippoq#e3927", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilikkarseriippoq#e3808" ], "id": "V_seriar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_juminar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "it is easy/good to Vb; also, someone/something is easy/good to Vb", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_juminar_Vb:a785fe07215d", "items": [ { "text": "it is easy/good to Vb; also, someone/something is easy/good to Vb", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+juminar", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "+kuminar" }, "valency_effect": "subject_decreasing", "notes": [ "This affix's own negative combination with the privative V{-it}V, giving V{yuminait}V (citation '+juminaappoq', 'S is difficult to Vb') per AITWG-Affixes' own text, is independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own separate '+juminaat-' entry (below); not modeled as a separate entry, recorded here as a documented compound." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it is easy/good to ___; also, {{Subject}} is easy/good to ___", "en_short": { "default": "it is easy to {{verb}}; it is good to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "it is easy to {{verb:3sg}}; it is good to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da": "nogen er let at gøre det ved; nogen er god at gøre det ved", "verb_phrase": "it is easy to ___; it is good to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er let at gøre det ved; nogen er god at gøre det ved", "da_short": "nogen er let at ___ ved; nogen er god at ___ ved", "composition": { "en": "it is easy to ___; it is good to ___", "da": "nogen er let at ___ ved; nogen er god at ___ ved" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO describes this as impersonal, and Nielsen2012's own '+juminar-, +kuminar-' entry ('være nem/god at vb-e') independently corroborates the easy/good reading and supplies an easy-to-love example. Many dictionary examples are third-person predicates, but the source does not establish an unrestricted host-valency rule; the schema records the subject-decreasing reading supported by MOFO. Nielsen2012 also independently corroborates the negative compound V{yuminait}V with its separate '+juminaat-' entry ('er ikke nem at vb-e').", "examples": [ { "surface": "asajuminarpoq", "natural": "she is easy to love (Nielsen2012's example, from asavaa, 'he loves her')" }, { "surface": "paariuminaappoq", "natural": "she is not easy to look after (Nielsen2012's example of the negative +juminaat- compound, from paarivaa, 'he looks after her')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1" ], "id": "V_juminar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_tau_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "stative passive: S has been Vb'ed, and is in a state of having been Vb'ed (only makes sense on divalent base stems)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_tau_Vb:491c62b7c8d0", "items": [ { "text": "stative passive: S has been Vb'ed, and is in a state of having been Vb'ed (only makes sense on divalent base stems)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+saa", "allomorphs": { "alveolar_final_stem": "-taa", "velar_final_stem": "-gaa" }, "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34 defines this stative passive on divalent bases, with the base Patient as resulting Subject. Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5 independently gives qimappaa -> qimataavoq. The intransitive frame and agent-decreasing monovalent result encode this scope; they do not assert additional optional-agent case rules or license arbitrary monovalent hosts.", "Bracket-vs-citation divergence: AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form is V{-ðau}V, but its own printed citation is '+saavoq' (with further -taavoq/-gaavoq allomorphs) -- underlying_form follows the citation's primary (vowel-stem) form, per this repo's established N_iqniaq_N-style convention. Per AITWG-Affixes' own text this is a combination of the passive participle V{-ðaq}N (see it for the special sandhi rules) and N{-u}V ('be')." ], "valency_effect": "agent_decreasing" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tau_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has been ___-ed and remains so", "da": "nogen er blevet gjort det ved, og er stadig i den tilstand", "en_short": { "default": "has been {{verb:past}} and remains so", "past": "has been {{verb:past}} and remains so" }, "da_short": "nogen er blevet ___ og er stadig i den tilstand", "composition": { "da": "er blevet ___ ved, og er stadig i den tilstand" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er blevet ___ ved, og er stadig i den tilstand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+Taa-' entry is glossed identically ('statisk passiv, er vb-et' = 'stative passive, is Vb-ed').", "examples": [ { "surface": "qimataavoq", "natural": "it has been left/abandoned (Nielsen2012's example, from qimappaa, 'he leaves/abandons it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5" ], "id": "V_tau_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_qatigi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A Vb's together with P", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qatigi", "notes": [ "Bracket V{-qetege}V; underlying_form respells the bracket's final schwa as 'i', matching Bjornum2012's own explicit gloss note ('-qat, indskudt i, -gaa' = '-qat, with an inserted i, -gaa') and Nielsen2012's own spelling ('÷qatige- 2').", "AITWG:§9.5 Definition 9.8 and Figure 9.4, pp.187–188, classify this as patientive: the host actor is identified with the affix agent, and the new patient is the transitive object. The ordinary host is monovalent and does not already imply a patient; extension to agent-preserving divalent hosts is qualified as possible by the source. This does not license unrestricted addition of another object to a patient-preserving divalent host." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_qatigi_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} ___-s together with {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen gør det sammen med nogen", "verb_phrase": "___-s together with {{Patient}}", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det sammen med nogen", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}} together with {{Actor}} else", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}} together with {{Actor}} else" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ sammen med nogen", "composition": { "en": "___-s together with {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen ___ sammen med nogen" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and richly corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷qatige- 2' entry and Bjornum2012's own '-qatigaa' v-v/n-v entry both match closely ('sbj vb-er sammen med obj' / 'gør el. er noget sammen med ham').", "examples": [ { "surface": "sulivoqatigaa", "natural": "he works together with him (Nielsen2012's example, from sulivoq, 'he works')" }, { "surface": "oqaloqatigaa", "natural": "he talks with him (Bjornum2012's example, from oqaluppoq, 'he talks')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigaa", "AITWG:§9.5" ], "id": "V_qatigi_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_qategiik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "the S'es Vb together, reciprocally (only makes sense with a plural ending)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qategiik_Vb:92d122fc461c", "items": [ { "text": "the S'es Vb together, reciprocally (only makes sense with a plural ending)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigiipput" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qategiik", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.2: Nielsen restricts -qatigiit to plural subjects. On a transitive base it supports reciprocal action (asaqatigiipput), whereas aneqatigiipput is joint going out. Joint activity does not by itself imply reciprocal objects." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actors}} ___ together, to each other", "da": "de gør det sammen, gensidigt", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actors}} {{verb}} together" }, "da_short": "de ___ sammen, gensidigt", "composition": { "da": "___ sammen, gensidigt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ sammen, gensidigt" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and richly corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷qategiit- 1' entry and Bjornum2012's own '-qatigiipput' v-v/n-v entry both match closely ('vb-e sammen; kun flertal' / 'er el. gør noget sammen med hinanden').", "examples": [ { "surface": "asaqatigiipput", "natural": "they love each other (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.6.4.2)" }, { "surface": "aneqatigiipput", "natural": "they go out together (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" }, { "surface": "suleqatigiipput", "natural": "they work together, they are colleagues (Bjornum2012's example, from sulivoq, 'he works')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qatigiipput" ], "id": "V_qategiik_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_ussor_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A Vb's with/for P one by one/bit by bit (Patient plural)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ussor", "notes": [ "Formed through a combination of V_ut_Vb (below, this same chapter's V{-ut(e)}V) and a repeated-action affix V{(q)cuq}V per AITWG-Affixes' own text; may remove an /aq/ on aq-final hosts.", "Intransitive form uses the HTR-morpheme {i}, giving -ussuivoq per AITWG-Affixes' own text." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ussor_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} ___-s with {{Patient}} one by one; {{Actor}} ___-s with {{Patient}} bit by bit; {{Actor}} ___-s for {{Patient}} one by one; {{Actor}} ___-s for {{Patient}} bit by bit", "da": "nogen gør det med nogen, en efter en; nogen gør det med nogen, lidt efter lidt; nogen gør det for nogen, en efter en; nogen gør det for nogen, lidt efter lidt", "verb_phrase": "___-s with {{Patient}} one by one; ___-s with {{Patient}} bit by bit; ___-s for {{Patient}} one by one; ___-s for {{Patient}} bit by bit ({{Patient}} plural)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det med nogen, en efter en; nogen gør det med nogen, lidt efter lidt; nogen gør det for nogen, en efter en; nogen gør det for nogen, lidt efter lidt", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}} with {{Actor}} else; {{Actor}} {{verb}} for {{Actor}} else", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}} with {{Actor}} else; {{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}} for {{Actor}} else" }, "da_short": "___ med nogen; ___ for nogen", "composition": { "da": "nogen ___ med nogen, en efter en; nogen ___ med nogen, lidt efter lidt; nogen ___ for nogen, en efter en; nogen ___ for nogen, lidt efter lidt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷ussor-' entry is glossed identically ('sbj får obj til at vb-e én efter én' = 'sbj gets obj to Vb one by one').", "examples": [ { "surface": "majuussorpai", "natural": "he brings them up one by one (Nielsen2012's example, from majuarpoq, 'he goes up')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.35", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.2" ], "id": "V_ussor_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_ut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A Vb's with/for P: adds a Patient to a monovalent base stem (making it divalent), or exchanges an already-present Patient for a new one on a divalent base stem; used with an intransitive ending, the result may be reflexive/reciprocal (S Vb's with him/itself, or with each other) or, for non-personal Subjects, resultative passive (S is Vb'ed)", "valency": "ambitransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ut_Vb:a72ac566f382", "items": [ { "text": "A Vb's with/for P: adds a Patient to a monovalent base stem (making it divalent), or exchanges an already-present Patient for a new one on a divalent base stem; used with an intransitive ending, the result may be reflexive/reciprocal (S Vb's with him/itself, or with each other) or, for non-personal Subjects, resultative passive (S is Vb'ed)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:annippaa#e1588", "AITWG-Affixes:p.35", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -uppaa/+uppaa", "AITWG:§9.6" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ut", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.1 explicitly gives neutral transitivity and transitive, reflexive/reciprocal intransitive, and resultative-passive intransitive uses. The structured output frame is therefore ambitransitive, matching the already documented lexical scope; host and ending determine whether an object is realized. This does not add an unrestricted extra object or collapse the distinct role changes. Its lexicalized geminating short-t variant belongs to this cited family, not the unrelated archaic causative V_t_Vb.", "Bracket V{-ut(e)}V, V{ccut(e)}V; underlying_form uses the plain '-ut' spelling (not a schwa->i respelling) since neither AITWG-Affixes' own citation ('-(ss)uppaa') nor Nielsen2012's own headword ('+ute- 1') shows an /i/ surfacing -- matching how this repo's existing N_siut_N/N_qut_N model the closely related nominal -ut(e)/-qut(e) affix family's own citation spelling.", "Three source-documented variant forms, none modeled as separate underlying_form entries: (1) V{-ut(e)}V, the general form (can remove /aq/ on aq-stems, weakens a strong-q-stem /Q/ to /r/, and irregularly geminates in a few lexicalized stems, e.g. tunivaa 'he gives it' -> tunniuppaa 'he gives it to him'); (2) V{ccut(e)}V, a vowel-stem variant that may also carry a 'reason for Vb-ing' sense parallel to the nominal affix V{-ccute}N; (3) an old, non-productive variant V{'-t(e)}V that caused gemination whenever possible, source of many lexicalized ute-final stems in the dictionary (e.g. pitsippaa 'he buys it for him' from {pisi}V; atuffappaa 'he reads it aloud to him' from {atuvaq}V).", "Intransitive form uses the HTR-morpheme {ci}, giving -(ss)ussivoq per AITWG-Affixes' own text -- directly grounding right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision the same way this repo's existing V_nertu_Vb entry (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) already documents for the same HTR-morpheme value.", "AITWG:§9.5–§9.6, Definition 9.9, pp.188–190, distinguishes adding a patient to a monovalent host from switching focus in inherently trivalent transfer stems. In the latter construction the formerly instrumental transferred thing becomes the absolutive object and receives object agreement; the former absolutive recipient becomes optional allative; the agent remains ergative. Compare Kaalip Piitaq qimminik nassippaa with Kaalip Piitamut qimmit nassiuppai (3sg/3pl ending after the switch). New formations with -utə and its geminating short-t variant are not common today; many related stems are lexicalized. The source tells learners to learn tunə and tuniut(ə) separately because tunniuppaa has irregular gemination. Do not infer productive per-word gemination from the switch rule.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -uppaa labels -ssuppaa (especially vowel stems; benefactive meaning for him) the only productive realization in his account. This source-specific assessment preserves the other attested variants and role distinctions; AITWG-Affixes:p.35 separately describes old geminating -t(ə) as rarely used, possibly for new official terms. The combined family is not wholly nonproductive.", "AQ qualification (MOFO:vv/-(cc)ut(ə)): regular aq deletion is described for Vaq hosts. On Caq hosts the source allows ordinary q deletion or lexicalized q-to-r joining; it gives aallaruppaa as the latter type. The source also marks competing eq-stem realizations as lexicalized, not a productive universal selector. AITWG-Affixes p.35 likewise says can remove aq. No unconditional aq_truncative rule or new allomorph is inferred for this combined family." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ut_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subjects}} ___-s with {{Patient}}, adding a new participant; {{Actor}} ___-s for {{Patient}}, adding a new participant", "en_short": "{{Actor}} ___-s with/for {{Patient}}: adds a {{Patient}} to a monovalent base stem (making it divalent), or exchanges an already-present {{Subjects}} for a new one on a divalent base stem", "da": "nogen gør det med nogen; nogen gør det for nogen", "verb_phrase": "___-s with {{Patient}}: adds a {{Patient}} to a monovalent base stem , or exchanges an already-present {{Subjects}} for a new one on a divalent base stem; ___-s for {{Patient}}: adds a {{Patient}} to a monovalent base stem , or exchanges an already-present {{Patient}} for a new one on a divalent base stem; used with an intransitive ending, the result may be reflexive or, for non-personal they , resultative passive; used with an intransitive ending, the result may be reciprocal or, for non-personal they , resultative passive ({{Subject}} ___-s with him/itself, or with each other) ({{Subject}} is ___-ed) (making it divalent) (several)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det med nogen; nogen gør det for nogen", "da_short": "nogen ___ med nogen; nogen ___ for nogen", "composition": { "da": "nogen ___ med nogen; nogen ___ for nogen" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Richly and independently corroborated, with the SAME base verbs and the SAME three-way reflexive/reciprocal/resultative-passive intransitive split appearing in all three sources: Nielsen2012's own 'Tilhaenget +ute- 1, ''+te- 1' entry (§5.3.2.6.1) gives an unusually detailed matching account; Bjornum2012's own '-uppaa'/'+uppaa'/'-appaa'/'-ssuppaa'/'-ppaa' v-v entry independently confirms the same tikiuppoq/majuuppoq/kamaapput examples Nielsen2012 also cites.", "examples": [ { "surface": "annippaa", "natural": "he takes it out with him (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.6.1; Oqaatsit1997 #e1588, which also attests annissivoq)" }, { "surface": "tikiuppaa", "natural": "he brings it (lit. comes with it) (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from tikippoq, 'he has arrived')" }, { "surface": "tikiuppoq", "natural": "he has come to be present (reflexive intransitive; Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example)" }, { "surface": "majuuppoq", "natural": "it is carried up (resultative-passive intransitive, non-personal Subject; Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from majuarpaa, 'he carries it up')" }, { "surface": "kamaapput", "natural": "they are angry with each other (reciprocal intransitive; Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from kamappoq, 'he is angry')" }, { "surface": "tunniuppaa", "natural": "he gives it to him (lexicalized irregular gemination; AITWG-Affixes' own example, from tunivaa, 'he gives him something')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annippaa#e1588", "AITWG-Affixes:p.35", "MOFO:vv/-(cc)ut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -uppaa/+uppaa", "AITWG:§9.6" ], "id": "V_ut_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_utigi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A Vb's with/because of P; P is A's means/reason for Vb'ing", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-utigi", "notes": [ "Bracket V{-utege}V, V{ccutege}V; underlying_form respells the bracket's final schwa as 'i', matching this repo's existing V_niutigi_Vb entry (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) -- both affixes belong to the same '{-tege}-family final shape' that entry's own notes already describe, and both are independently confirmed by Nielsen2012's matching '-i-' spelling ('÷utige- 1, +utige-... ''-tige-').", "Per AITWG-Affixes' own text, a straightforward combination of the nominalizer V{-ute}N ('tool/means for Vb-ing') or its ccute-variant ('reason for Vb-ing') with the affix N{ge}V ('P is A's N').", "AITWG:§9.5 Definition 9.8 and Figure 9.4, pp.187–188, classify this as patientive: the host actor is identified with the affix agent, and the new patient is the transitive object. The ordinary host is monovalent and does not already imply a patient; extension to agent-preserving divalent hosts is qualified as possible by the source. This does not license unrestricted addition of another object to a patient-preserving divalent host.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -utigaa labels -ssutigaa (especially vowel stems; for that reason) the only productive realization today, and -(q)qutigaa lexicalized-only. Preserve variant-level scope; not a whole-owner nonproductive claim." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_utigi_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} ___-s with {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} ___-s because of {{Patient}}; {{Patient}} is {{Actor}}'s means for ___-ing; {{Patient}} is {{Actor}}'s reason for ___-ing", "en_short": "{{Actor}} ___-s with/because of {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen gør det med nogen; nogen gør det på grund af nogen", "verb_phrase": "___-s with {{Patient}}; ___-s because of {{Patient}}; else is {{Actor}}'s means for ___-ing; else is {{Actor}}'s reason for ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det med nogen; nogen gør det på grund af nogen", "da_short": "nogen ___ med nogen; nogen ___ på grund af nogen", "composition": { "en": "___-s with {{Patient}}; ___-s because of {{Patient}}; else is {{Actor}}'s means for ___-ing; else is {{Actor}}'s reason for ___-ing", "da": "nogen ___ med nogen; nogen ___ på grund af nogen" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Richly and independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own multi-variant '÷utige- 1, +utige-... ''-tige-' entry and Bjornum2012's own '-utigaa'/'+utigaa'/'-atigaa'/'-itigaa'/'-jutigaa'/'-ssutigaa'/'-tigaa'/'-(q)qutigaa' v-v entry both give an unusually close-matching variant list to AITWG-Affixes' own -utege/ccutege pair.", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqaatigaa", "natural": "he tells about it (Nielsen2012's example, from oqarpoq, 'he says')" }, { "surface": "annilaarutigaa", "natural": "he gets scared because of it (Nielsen2012's example, from annilaarpoq, 'he gets scared')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.35", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -utigaa", "AITWG:§9.5" ], "id": "V_utigi_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_vigi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A Vb's with respect to P; P is A's place/time for Vb'ing", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "+igi" }, "underlying_form": "+vigi", "allomorphs": { "alveolar_final_stem": "+figi", "velar_final_stem": "+figi" }, "notes": [ "Bracket V{(v)vige}V; underlying_form respells the bracket's final schwa as 'i', the same pre-contraction-form methodology already established for V_niutigi_Vb/V_utigi_Vb above -- directly confirmed by Bjornum2012's own explicit gloss note on the sibling deverbal-noun affix +ffik/+fik/+vik/+ik immediately preceding its own +ffigaa entry.", "Per AITWG-Affixes' own text, a straightforward combination of V{(v)vik}N ('Vb-ing place/time', or rarely 'person') or its geminating variant V{'-vik}N, with the affix N{ge}V ('P is A's N').", "Cross-reference: combined with the dummy base {pi}V and V_sinnaatitaa_Vb above (this same chapter's V{sinnaatetau}V), gives the word for 'rights' (pisinnaatitaaffikka, 'my rights') per AITWG-Affixes' own text.", "AITWG:§9.5 Definition 9.8 and Figure 9.4, pp.187–188, classify this as patientive: the host actor is identified with the affix agent, and the new patient is the transitive object. The ordinary host is monovalent and does not already imply a patient; extension to agent-preserving divalent hosts is qualified as possible by the source. This does not license unrestricted addition of another object to a patient-preserving divalent host." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_vigi_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} ___-s with respect to {{Patient}}; {{Patient}} is {{Actor}}'s place for ___-ing; {{Patient}} is {{Actor}}'s time for ___-ing", "en_short": "{{Actor}} ___-s with respect to {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen gør det med hensyn til nogen", "verb_phrase": "___-s with respect to {{Patient}}; else is {{Actor}}'s place for ___-ing; else is {{Actor}}'s time for ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det med hensyn til nogen", "da_short": "nogen ___ med hensyn til nogen", "composition": { "en": "___-s with respect to {{Patient}}; else is {{Actor}}'s place for ___-ing; else is {{Actor}}'s time for ___-ing", "da": "nogen ___ med hensyn til nogen" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Richly and independently corroborated, with the SAME worked example (oqarfigaa) appearing in all three sources: Nielsen2012's own '+\\'vige- 1' entry gives the identical etymological analysis (built from V{(v)vik}N + N{ge}V) as AITWG-Affixes' own text; Bjornum2012's own '+ffigaa'/'+figaa'/'+vigaa'/'+igaa' v-v entry independently cites the same oqarfigaa word. Nielsen2012 also records a second, reflexive sense not mentioned by AITWG-Affixes' own text -- '+\\'vige- 2' ('vb-e det ved sig selv, endnu ikke' = 'Vb it to oneself, not yet') -- recorded here as an additional Nielsen2012-only nuance, not modeled as part of this entry's primary meaning.", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqarfigaa", "natural": "he says it/that to him (independently attested with the identical word by AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012 AND Bjornum2012, from oqarpoq, 'he says')" }, { "surface": "qimaaffigaa", "natural": "he has it/him as a refuge (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from qimaavoq, 'he flees')" }, { "surface": "qutsavigaa", "natural": "he thanks him (AITWG-Affixes' own lexicalized example illustrating the geminating '-vik variant, from qujavoq, 'he thanks (someone)')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.35", "AITWG-Affixes:p.36", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +ffigaa", "AITWG:§9.5" ], "id": "V_vigi_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_tigi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Agent Vb's with/because of Patient", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tigi", "left_sandhi": "geminating", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Bracket V{'-tege}V; underlying_form respells the bracket's final schwa as 'i', the same pre-contraction-form methodology already established for V_niutigi_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) and this file's own V_utigi_Vb above -- directly confirmed by the attested surface 'nappatigaa' = tigi + -gaa, the stem-final schwa fusing into the vowel-initial ending (inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion).", "A non-productive, geminating sibling of this file's own V_utigi_Vb (above, '-utigi', identical meaning): per MOFO's own analysis, built on the non-productive geminating variant V{'-te}N -- the same affix this file's own V_ut_Vb entry already documents in its notes as V{'-t(e)}V -- plus N{-ge}V." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tigi_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} ___-s with {{Agent}}; {{Actor}} ___-s because of {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen gør det med nogen; nogen gør det på grund af nogen", "verb_phrase": "___-s with {{Agent}}; ___-s because of {{Patient}}", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det med nogen; nogen gør det på grund af nogen", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}} with {{Actor}} else; {{Actor}} {{verb}} because of {{Actor}} else", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}} with {{Actor}} else; {{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}} because of {{Actor}} else" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ med nogen; nogen ___ på grund af nogen", "composition": { "en": "___-s with {{Patient}}; ___-s because of {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen ___ med nogen; nogen ___ på grund af nogen" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Bjornum2012's own '-utigaa' affix-family entry (K9Sec6) lists this exact geminating variant as its own dedicated row -- '-tigaa (medfoerer gemination laengere fremme i ordet, fx nappatigaa)' ('causes gemination further into the word, e.g. nappatigaa') -- and its own separate worked-example table gives 'nappatigaa, stoetter sig til det (napavoq, staar oprejst, en ting)' ('supports himself on it, from napavoq, stands upright'), matching this entry's own example word and gloss exactly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nappatigaa", "natural": "he leans on it / he supports himself on it (from napavoq, 'he stands', gemination of /p/ to /pp/; independently attested by Bjornum2012 with the same word and gloss)" }, { "surface": "toqqutigaa", "natural": "he died because of it; it was the cause of his death (from toquvoq, 'he died', gemination of /q/ to /qq/)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/'-təgə", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -tigaa" ], "id": "V_tigi_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_nait_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is un-Vb'able; is not such as to Vb (negates V_naq_Vb, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml); used bare in an exclamation, the final /t/ is pronounced [k]", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nait_Vb:e725593d59a5", "items": [ { "text": "S is un-Vb'able; is not such as to Vb (negates V_naq_Vb, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml); used bare in an exclamation, the final /t/ is pronounced [k]", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nait", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own text documents this compound within its V{naq}V paragraph (Sec.6.5 Potentiality, same page as V_naveer_Vb above), not as its own separately bolded headword: 'V{naq}V can also be followed by privative V{-it}V ⟹ V{nait}V (it is un-Vb'able; un-Vb'some; etc). This affix can itself be used exclamatorily, without verbal endings, but in that case, the final /t/ will be pronounced as a [k].' Kept here as its own entry -- rather than folded into V_naq_Vb's notes, per the pattern this file already uses for V{jait}V/V{siriit}V/V{yuminait}V -- because Nielsen2012 independently treats it as its own headword with a dedicated example set.", "Right-sandhi facts (e.g. an /i(C)tV/ -> /i(C)sV/ assibilation when a further morpheme is added) are not modeled here: no worked example of a further morpheme attaching onto -nait- itself was found in either source, so no right_sandhi value is asserted, per this repo's practice of not overclaiming beyond what a worked example shows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is un-___'able", "da": "nogen kan ikke gøres det ved", "verb_phrase": "be un-___'able; is not such as to ___ (negates V_naq_Vb, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml); used bare in an exclamation, the final /t/ is pronounced [k]", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen kan ikke gøres det ved", "en_short": { "default": "is impossible to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "nogen kan ikke gøres det ved", "composition": { "en": "be un-___'able; is not such as to ___; used bare in an exclamation, the final /t/ is pronounced [k]", "da": "nogen kan ikke ___ ved" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+naat-' entry (§5.3.2.6.4.1, 'sbj er ikke sådan at vb-e' = 'sbj is not such as to Vb') gives three examples, all matching AITWG-Affixes' own gloss.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nalunaappoq", "natural": "it is clear, understandable (Nielsen2012's example, from naluaa, 'he does not know it')" }, { "surface": "usornaappoq", "natural": "he is not enviable (Nielsen2012's example, from usoraa, 'he envies him')" }, { "surface": "sungiunnaappoq", "natural": "it is difficult to get used to (Nielsen2012's example, from sungiuppaa, 'he gets used to it')" }, { "surface": "alianaak!", "natural": "how wonderful! (AITWG-Affixes' own example of the bare exclamatory use with final [k], from alianarpoq, 'it is sad/tragic')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.34", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1", "Kleinschmidt1871:.naappoq#e9884", "Petersen1951:-naappoq#e12952" ], "id": "V_nait_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_ssangatit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A expects/thinks P will Vb (if the underlying stem is monovalent); A1 expects A2 to Vb P (if the underlying stem is divalent, a double-transitive construction)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ssangatit_Vb:5881366d09c5", "items": [ { "text": "A expects/thinks P will Vb (if the underlying stem is monovalent); A1 expects A2 to Vb P (if the underlying stem is divalent, a double-transitive construction)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.30", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssangatit", "notes": [ "Compositional: V_ssanga_Vb (this same file, above, 'S expects to Vb') + V_tit_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, the causative V{tet}V) -- already flagged as a documented compound in V_ssanga_Vb's own notes ('means A expects/thinks P will Vb per AITWG-Affixes' own text -- not modeled as a separate entry, recorded here as a documented compound'); given its own entry now that Nielsen2012's own dedicated headword (below) independently corroborates it as a real, separately citable combinatorial pattern rather than a one-off mention.", "Citation -ssangatippaa (Nielsen2012's own spelling) shows the expected /t/+/p/ -> /pp/ assimilation before the transitive ending, the same mechanism already documented on this repo's own V_tit_Vb entry for its identical -tet final segment.", "The /tð/ -> [ts] assibilation already documented on this repo's own V_tit_Vb entry (right_sandhi:archaic_ts_assibilation) would be expected to recur on this compound too, but no worked example directly confirming that for THIS specific compound was found in the sources checked -- not asserted as this entry's own right_sandhi value for lack of direct attestation (cf. V_titer_Vb's own similar restraint)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ssangatit_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} expects {{Patient}} will ___; {{Actor}} thinks {{Patient}} will ___", "en_short": "{{Actor}} expects/thinks {{Patient}} will ___ (if the underlying stem is monovalent)", "da": "nogen forventer at nogen vil gøre det; nogen tror at nogen vil gøre det", "verb_phrase": "expect {{Patient}} will ___; think {{Patient}} will ___; {{Actor}}1 expects {{Actor}}2 to ___ {{Patient}} (if the underlying stem is divalent, a double-transitive construction) (if the underlying stem is monovalent)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen forventer at nogen vil gøre det; nogen tror at nogen vil gøre det", "da_short": "forventer at nogen ___; tror at nogen ___", "composition": { "da": "nogen forventer at nogen vil ___; nogen tror at nogen vil ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own dedicated headword, '+ssangatit-' (§5.3.2.1.1, tror obj vil vb-e, 'thinks obj will Vb'), matches AITWG-Affixes' own compositional description of the same combination (already noted, but not given separate headword status, on this repo's own V_ssanga_Vb above); AITWG-Affixes itself gives no separate worked example for this specific compound.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anissangatippaa", "natural": "she thinks he will go out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.30", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1" ], "id": "V_ssangatit_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_tariaqaqneru_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "it is most convenient/practical (best) if/that the Subject Vb (a speaker's opinion)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tariaqarneru", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+sariaqarneru" }, "notes": [ "Compositional: V_tariaqaq_Vb (above, this same Sec.6.5) + the general comparative V_neru_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, '+neru', 'is more/most Vb-ing') -- filed here alongside its parent rather than with the general comparative, matching this file's own established precedent for root+neru lexicalized compounds (V_jumaneru_Vb above, Sec.6.2, built the same way on V_juma_Vb).", "Not found as its own headword in either AITWG-Affixes chapter checked (docs/affixlist/6-verbal-extenders.md, 7-verbal-modifiers.md); Nielsen2012 is the only source found giving it its own dedicated bolded headword." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tariaqaqneru_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it is most convenient; it is most practical", "da": "det er mest belejligt (bedst) hvis nogen gør det; det er mest praktisk (bedst) hvis nogen gør det", "en_short": { "default": "is most convenient; is most practical" }, "da_short": "mest belejligt hvis ___; mest praktisk hvis ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+Tariaqarneru-' entry (§5.3.2.1.2) is glossed identically ('det er mest praktisk at sbj vb-er' = 'it is most practical/convenient that the Subject Vb-s').", "examples": [ { "surface": "aallartariaqarneruvoq", "natural": "it is most convenient (best) if he leaves (Nielsen2012's example, from aallarpoq, 'he leaves')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2" ], "id": "V_tariaqaqneru_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_qataa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Actor participates in Vb'ing", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qataa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qataavoq literally prints the duplicated class label n-v, n-v. Its pinnguaqataavoq and nereqataavoq examples have verbal hosts; peqataavoq is analysed there with nominal pi, and the source gives -qat + inserted i₂ + -avoq. Preserve the duplicated label as a source-fidelity uncertainty; it does not by itself license reclassifying this verbal-host entry or a general nominal-host rule.", "Bracket V{-qatəu}V, a combination of V_qat_N (this repo's own '-qat' entry, deverbal_nouns.yaml, 'a fellow in V-ing') and N{-u}V ('to be') per MOFO's own constituents analysis; underlying_form follows the citation spelling '-qataavoq' (au -> aa, the regular old-to-new-orthography vowel merger already seen on this repo's V_tau_Vb), directly matching both Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's own independent citation spelling.", "q-initial affix: left_sandhi:truncative follows directly from V_qat_N's own already-established truncative grounding (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7), the same root shared by this file's own sibling entries V_qatigi_Vb/V_qategiik_Vb.", "Not independently attested by AITWG-Affixes' own text in the material checked (docs/affixlist/6-verbal-extenders.md); placed in this file on Nielsen2012's own classification alone, which tags this affix 'Vb_e' (Ekspanderende verbale tilhæng, this file's own source category) at §5.3.2.6.4.2 'Subjektsbevarende tilhæng' (subject-preserving affixes), immediately alongside this file's own pre-existing V_qatigi_Vb/V_qategiik_Vb entries." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_qataa_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} participates in ___-ing", "da": "nogen deltager i at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "participate in ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen deltager i at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "participates in {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "participates in {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen deltager i at ___", "composition": { "en": "participate in ___-ing", "da": "nogen deltager i at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Richly and independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷qataa-' entry ('være med til at vb-e, vb-e sammen med nogen' = 'take part in Vb-ing, Vb together with someone') and Bjornum2012's own '-qataavoq' entry (printed class label n-v, n-v) ('gør el. er noget sammen med nogen; er med til at') both match closely, sharing two of the same worked examples.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nereqataavoq", "natural": "he takes part in the meal, eats along (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from nerivoq, 'he eats')" }, { "surface": "peqataavoq", "natural": "he participates, takes part in something (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from the dummy base {pi}V, giving the pure meaning of the affix)" }, { "surface": "pinnguaqataavoq", "natural": "he joins in the game (Bjornum2012's own example, from pinnguarpoq, 'he plays')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qataavoq" ], "id": "V_qataa_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_ratarsinnaanngor_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "can easily, unexpectedly, suddenly Vb; on a divalent base, Actor=Patient is now finally Vb'able (see also the closely-related V_ratarsinnaa_Vb below)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ratarsinnaanngor_Vb:effd515ff234", "items": [ { "text": "can easily, unexpectedly, suddenly Vb; on a divalent base, Actor=Patient is now finally Vb'able (see also the closely-related V_ratarsinnaa_Vb below)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ratarsinnaanngor", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Compositional: V_rataq_Vb (this repo's own '-rataq' entry, sentential_affixes.yaml, 'suddenly/surprisingly') + V_sinnaanngor_Vb (this repo's own '+sinnaanngor' entry, this file, above, 'becomes able to Vb'), with rataq's own final /q/ weakening to /r/ before the vowel-initial second component -- the same q->r weakening already documented on V_rataq_Vb's own sibling entries in that file.", "Nielsen2012 (§5.3.2.5) treats this affix and its close sibling V_ratarsinnaa_Vb (below) as ONE combined headword ('÷ratarsinnaa-, ÷ratarsinnaanngor-'), sharing a single gloss ('kan let, uventet, pludselig vb-e' = 'can easily, unexpectedly, suddenly Vb') and both examples below -- matching MOFO's own text, which independently notes the two forms are 'used synonymously... according to Schultz-Lorentzen'. Kept as two separate entries here, per this repo's V_riasaaq_Vb/V_riataaq_Vb precedent of preserving a primary source's own separate-headword split (here, MOFO's own two distinct dictionary pages) even when Nielsen2012 merges the pair under one shared citation.", "No independent match was found in AITWG-Affixes' own material (docs/affixlist/*.md) for either this affix or its sibling.", "DATA QUIRK, flagged rather than silently resolved: MOFO's own 'New orthography' table row for this headword reads only '-ratarsinnaavoq' (matching the sibling's own citation, without the '-nngor-' segment), but this entry's own worked example clearly shows the full '-nngor-' shape (ameratarsinnaanngorpoq); underlying_form here follows that worked example, the only place the compound's own distinguishing 'sinnaaŋŋuq' (become able) component is actually visible." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "can easily ___ (unexpectedly / suddenly)", "en_short": "can easily, unexpectedly, suddenly ___", "da": "kan let gøre det (pludselig / uventet)", "da_short": "kan let ___ (pludselig / uventet)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own combined '÷ratarsinnaa-, ÷ratarsinnaanngor-' entry (§5.3.2.5) supplies the first example below (shared with V_ratarsinnaa_Vb).", "examples": [ { "surface": "napparatarsinnaavoq", "natural": "he can easily go and get sick (Nielsen2012's example, from napparpoq, 'he is ill' -- Nielsen2012 does not itself distinguish which of the two sibling citation forms this surfaces as)" }, { "surface": "ameratarsinnaanngorpoq", "natural": "now it is finally ready to be covered with skins (MOFO's own example, citing Kleinschmidt 1871, illustrating this entry's own distinct '-nngor-' 'finally ready to be Vb'ed' sense on a divalent base; of a skin-boat being made, from amerpaa, 'he puts a skin on it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5" ], "id": "V_ratarsinnaanngor_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_ratarsinnaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "can easily, unexpectedly, suddenly Vb (apparently only on monovalent stems); on a divalent base, Actor=Patient is now finally Vb'able (synonymous with V_ratarsinnaanngor_Vb above per Schultz-Lorentzen)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ratarsinnaa_Vb:a67b25d9888f", "items": [ { "text": "can easily, unexpectedly, suddenly Vb (apparently only on monovalent stems); on a divalent base, Actor=Patient is now finally Vb'able (synonymous with V_ratarsinnaanngor_Vb above per Schultz-Lorentzen)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ratarsinnaa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Compositional: V_rataq_Vb (sentential_affixes.yaml, 'suddenly/surprisingly') + V_sinnaa_Vb (this repo's own '-sinnaa' entry, verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'can Vb'), with rataq's own q->r weakening, the same pattern as V_ratarsinnaanngor_Vb above.", "MOFO itself tags this specific headword non-productive and speculates it may be 'just an abbreviated form' of V_ratarsinnaanngor_Vb -- flagged here rather than silently dropped, but not treated as disqualifying for core tier given Nielsen2012's own independent, same-gloss corroboration (see V_ratarsinnaanngor_Vb's own note on Nielsen2012's shared '÷ratarsinnaa-, ÷ratarsinnaanngor-' headword, §5.3.2.5)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "can easily ___ (unexpectedly / suddenly)", "en_short": "can easily, unexpectedly, suddenly ___ (apparently only on monovalent stems)", "da": "kan let gøre det (pludselig / uventet)", "da_short": "kan let ___ (pludselig / uventet)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own combined '÷ratarsinnaa-, ÷ratarsinnaanngor-' entry (§5.3.2.5) supplies the first two examples below, matching this entry's own citation form (-ratarsinnaavoq, without '-nngor-').", "examples": [ { "surface": "napparatarsinnaavoq", "natural": "he can easily get ill (Nielsen2012's example, from napparpoq, 'he is ill')" }, { "surface": "erneratarsinnaavoq", "natural": "she can give birth/go into labour anytime (Nielsen2012's second example under the same combined headword, from ernivoq, 'she gives birth')" }, { "surface": "tigoratarsinnaavoq", "natural": "it can now finally be taken; it is now ready to be taken (MOFO's own example, citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, illustrating the divalent-base 'finally Vb'able' sense, from tiguaa, 'he takes it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5" ], "id": "V_ratarsinnaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_niarsuaar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S strives hard/really wants to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niarsuaar", "notes": [ "MOFO bracket form V{niaqcuaaq}V; underlying_form follows Nielsen2012's own citation spelling '+niarsuaar-', matching the surface shape of both worked examples below (MOFO's own page independently cites the identical aniniarsuaarpoq/inerniarsuaarpoq/ilaaniarsuaarpoq/ilikkarniarsuaarpaa set).", "MOFO's own 'New orthography'/'Old orthography' table cells for this affix are populated with 'ajorpoq'/'ajorpoĸ' -- verified directly against the checked-in MOFO mirror HTML (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vv/niaqcuaaq.html), not a scraping artifact of this batch's precheck -- clearly mismatched for this affix (an apparent MOFO data-entry bug unrelated to this affix's own form), so not used as a form source; the correct form is recovered independently from Nielsen2012 and MOFO's own senses/examples instead.", "MOFO's own constituent analysis: V{niaq}V ('intend/want to') + V{(q)cuaq}V ('much/hard') + V{-aq}V ('repeated/prolonged activity') -- recorded here as background, not independently re-derived.", "lexical_facts.valency deliberately left unset: the worked examples below attest this affix on both a monovalent base (ilaavoq) and a divalent one (ilikkarpaa, taking a transitive ending), so neither of this schema's transitive/intransitive legacy values fits cleanly; valency-preserving per MOFO's own 'Preserving' facet." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} strives hard wants to ___; {{Subject}} strives really wants to ___", "da": "nogen anstrenger sig meget virkelig gerne gøre det; nogen anstrenger sig vil virkelig gerne gøre det", "verb_phrase": "strive hard wants to ___; strive really wants to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen anstrenger sig meget virkelig gerne gøre det; nogen anstrenger sig vil virkelig gerne gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "strives hard to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "nogen anstrenger sig meget ___; nogen vil virkelig gerne ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+niarsuaar-' entry (§5.3.2.4, 'anstrenge sig for at vb-e, vil meget gerne vb-e') supplies both examples below, the same pair MOFO's own page independently cites.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilaaniarsuaarpoq", "natural": "he really wants to come along (Nielsen2012's example, from ilaavoq, 'he comes along')" }, { "surface": "ilikkarniarsuaarpaa", "natural": "he strives hard to learn it (Nielsen2012's example, from ilikkarpaa, 'he learns it' -- a divalent base, illustrating the transitive-ending case)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_niarsuaar_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_ngitsuugassaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Actor(=Patient) cannot do anything but be Vb'ed (only on divalent base stems; must always be followed by a further negation -- usually V_ngngit_Vb, sentential_affixes.yaml, or the negative contemporative mood -- to yield this attested meaning)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ngitsuugassaa_Vb:44b5607c40a1", "items": [ { "text": "Actor(=Patient) cannot do anything but be Vb'ed (only on divalent base stems; must always be followed by a further negation -- usually V_ngngit_Vb, sentential_affixes.yaml, or the negative contemporative mood -- to yield this attested meaning)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngitsuugassaa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Bracket ŋŋitcuugakcau (V{ŋŋitcuuq}V + V{-ðaq}N + N{kcaq}N + N{-u}V per MOFO's own constituents field); built compositionally on this repo's own V_ngngitcuuq_Vb (sentential_affixes.yaml, 'happened not to Vb') plus the passive participle V{-ðaq}N (not itself modeled), a further nominal N{kcaq}N, and the verbalizer N{-u}V ('be'). Per MOFO, mentioned only by Fortescue [MF83] and Nielsen [FAJN19]; MOFO's own tag classifies it 'Verb-extenders (Vb-ext) / Relation shifters', matching this file's own AITWG-Affixes Ch.6/Nielsen §5.3.2.6.x scope -- hence its placement here despite its ŋŋit-based leading component.", "left_sandhi:truncative is directly attested: atuarpaa ('he reads it') -> atuanngitsuugassaanngilaq (the host's own final /r/ truncates before this affix's leading /ŋ/), the same AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 grounding already used elsewhere in this file.", "Obligatorily co-occurs with a further negation (per Nielsen2012, whose own headword bundles this trailing negation directly into its own citation form, '÷nngitsuugassaanngit-'); not modeled in underlying_form, kept as the bare affix, matching this repo's established V_naviaq_Vb precedent (sentential_affixes.yaml) for other obligatorily-negated affixes. The co-occurrence requirement is recorded here in prose only." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ngitsuugassaa_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}}(={{Actor}}) cannot avoid being ___-ed", "da": "nogen kan ikke andet end at blive gjort det ved", "verb_phrase": "cannot do anything but be ___-ed (only on divalent base stems; must always be followed by a further negation -- usually V_ngngit_Vb, sentential_affixes.yaml, or the negative contemporative mood -- to yield this attested meaning)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen kan ikke andet end at blive gjort det ved", "en_short": { "default": "cannot avoid being {{verb:past}}", "past": "cannot avoid being {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "nogen kan kun blive ___", "composition": { "en": "cannot do anything but be ___-ed", "da": "nogen kan ikke andet end at blive ___ ved" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and closely corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷nngitsuugassaanngit-' entry (§5.3.2.6.4.1) is glossed identically ('sbj kan ikke andet end at blive vb-et' = 'subject cannot do other than be Vb'ed') and gives the SAME three worked examples as MOFO's own citation.", "examples": [ { "surface": "atuanngitsuugassaanngilaq", "natural": "one must not avoid reading it; it must not be avoided to be read (from atuarpaa, 'he reads it')" }, { "surface": "naalanngitsuugassaanngilaq", "natural": "one cannot do anything but obey him; he must be obeyed (from naalappaa, 'he obeys him')" }, { "surface": "nuannarinngitsuugassaanngilaq", "natural": "one cannot do anything but enjoy it (from nuannaraa, 'he enjoys it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1" ], "id": "V_ngitsuugassaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_nasorinnig_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to believe oneself to have V-ed", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nasorinnip", "search_forms": [ "+nasorinnig" ], "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2 directly lists +nasorinnig- among intransitive belief/report derivations and attests takunasorinnippoq. The practical citation stem +nasorinnip follows this corpus's final-p convention (compare V_qqik_Vb); +nasorinnig preserves the source headword for search.", "This entry records the cited derivation without claiming it is historically atomic or freely interchangeable with transitive +(na)sori-. No unverified allomorphs or sandhi enum are asserted." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_nasorinnig_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to believe oneself to have ___-ed", "composition": { "en": "believe oneself to have ___-ed" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunasorinnippoq", "natural": "he believes he has seen something (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.1.2)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2" ], "id": "V_nasorinnig_Vb", "category": "verbal_extenders" } ], "V_ler_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to begin to V; to start V-ing (inceptive)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ler", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2 distinguishes an activity or its preparation already beginning from an event completed. After +sima-, -ler- can mark a recently entered state (toqusimalerpoq); before +sima-, it confirms that the onset occurred (sinilersimapput). Preserve this order distinction rather than interpreting both chains as the same tense.", "AITWG:§11.1 distinguishes statal and transitional bases: V{-liq}V marks a state as just begun, or a transition as just occurred, moving the event close to the present. Its angerlalerpoq example describes Peter just about to leave/on his way out. This does not make the affix a general present-tense marker or override the existing order-sensitive -ler- / +sima- distinction." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to begin to ___; to start ___-ing", "en_short": "to begin to ___; to start ___-ing", "da": "at begynde at gøre det", "da_short": "at begynde at ___", "composition": { "en": "begin to ___; start ___-ing", "da": "begynder at ___" }, "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "begin to ___; start ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "begynder at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "toqusimalerpoq", "natural": "he has recently died (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.2, toqusimavoq plus -ler-)" }, { "surface": "sinilersimapput", "natural": "they had fallen asleep (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.2, -ler- before +sima-)" }, { "surface": "nerilerpoq", "natural": "He started eating / He began to eat." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:161", "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2", "AITWG:§11.1" ], "id": "V_ler_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_tar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to V repeatedly; to V habitually (iterative/habitual)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+sar" }, "underlying_form": "+tar", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 restricts habitual +Tar- to recurring actions, rather than an ongoing action or an unqualified state. Nuummi najugaqartarpoq describes repeatedly living in Nuuk, while Nuummi najugaqarpoq merely states residence. Negated habitual and the construction -neq ajor- have distinct readings in AITWG-Affixes §7.4: the first denies a habit; the second expresses never doing it. The vowel-stem -sar- plus passive participle has the repeated sequence -sartagaq (AITWG-Affixes p.41).", "-sar variant (issue investigation, 2026-08-03; attestation filled #609): AITWG-Affixes' own §7.4 entry for this affix (bracket form V{ðaq}V) states directly: 'If this affix takes the form -sar- (as it regularly does on a vowel stem), and if it is followed by passive participle V{-ðaq}N, then it is repeated, such that we get -sartagaq' (docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md, printed p.41). This corrects an earlier, unsourced characterisation (carried in oq's docs/allomorphy.js as 'after certain consonants') -- the source conditions the variant on a VOWEL-final host stem. Nielsen2012 {+Tar- 1} (§5.3.3) confirms the t/s alternation (capital-T notation); Bjornum2012 K9§6 lists the same split as separate citation shapes +sarpoq (vowel stem) / +tarpoq (r-/consonant stem) under the habitual 'plejer' headword, and Nielsen2012's historical index redirects +sar- 4 → +Tar-. Independently attested habitual -sar surfaces (closing the earlier attestation gap): nerisarpoq / arfinernut nerisarpoq (Bjornum2012 K9§6, from nerivoq); kiisisarpoq 'den plejer at bide' (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3, from kiisivoq); sulisarpoq in arriitsumik sulisarpoq (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3, from sulivoq). Explicitly NOT the factitive +sar of V_sar_Vb (Kleinschmidt1871 .sarpaa / Nielsen +sar- 2 / Bjornum +sarpaa) -- that is a separate homograph; see issue #609 / docs/investigations/issues/issue-609-counterbot-packet.md. No MOFO page exists for this affix under mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/.", "AITWG-Affixes:p.41 explicitly gives the habitual affix's -sar- variant on vowel stems, corroborated by Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 and Bjornum2012:K9§6. Encode the vowel-final host with allomorphs:vowel_final_stem, leaving other hosts on the additive +tar default. This uses the existing stem-class map rather than either unrelated assibilation enum. The separate factitive V_sar_Vb remains a different morpheme.", "AITWG:§11.4 Definition 11.3 pairs a recurrent nominal time specification in the vialis with habitual V{ðaq}V on the main verb (ullaakkut kaffisortarpunga). AITWG:§11.5 Definition 11.4 pairs an iterative time/cause clause with habitual marking on the main verb (aalakooraangami Piitap qimmini aallaasarpaa). These are clause-level cooccurrence claims for the recurrent time/cause constructions; they do not turn every vialis phrase into a habitual-time specification or license changing unrelated time boundaries to vialis. AITWG states the iterative pairing categorically; the existing definitions index records Nielsen's weaker 'normalt' qualification, so do not claim universal cross-source agreement." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ repeatedly; to ___ habitually (iterative/habitual)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} repeatedly; to {{verb}} habitually" }, "da": "at gøre det gentagne gange; at gøre det som vane", "verb_phrase": "___ repeatedly; ___ habitually", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det gentagne gange; at gøre det som vane", "da_short": "at ___ gentagne gange; at ___ som vane", "composition": { "en": "___ repeatedly; ___ habitually", "da": "at ___ gentagne gange; at ___ som vane" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerisarpoq", "natural": "he habitually eats (vowel-stem -sar allomorph; Bjornum2012 K9§6 arfinernut nerisarpoq, from nerivoq)" }, { "surface": "kiisisarpoq", "natural": "it habitually bites (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3, from kiisivoq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:323", "AITWG-Affixes:p.41", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sarpoq/+tarpoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3", "AITWG:§11.4", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_tar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ssa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "will V; is going to V (prospective/future)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "special_ending_realizations": { "V_IND_INTR_1SG": [ "-ssaanga", "-ssuunga" ], "V_IND_INTR_2SG": "-ssaatit", "V_IND_INTR_3SG": [ "-ssaaq", "-ssooq" ], "V_IND_INTR_1PL": "-ssaagut", "V_IND_INTR_2PL": "-ssaasi", "V_IND_INTR_3PL": "-ssapput" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 explicitly illustrates fixed /ss/ deleting the final /k/ of {sinək} before {ssa}; Nielsen2012:§5.4.1 marks the future affix ÷ssa- 1. Incoming truncation is separate from the immediately following intransitive-indicative single-/v/ deletion described below. The sentential duplicate retains its own ID and sense qualifications.", "Northern West Greenlandic -ssV- forms alongside central ones: Bjornum2012 forord (docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/0-forord-og-forspand.md) 'I Nordgrønland siger man -ssooq i stedet for -ssaaq, fx aggissuunga (= aggissaanga)'. The forord's worked example is 1sg (aggissuunga / -ssuunga), while the general northern -ssooq statement covers 3sg (Nuummukassooq). Encoded as multi-value special_ending_realizations on V_IND_INTR_1SG [-ssaanga, -ssuunga] and V_IND_INTR_3SG [-ssaaq, -ssooq]. Do NOT reanalyze northern forms like Nuummukassooq as N_kcaq_N + N_u_Vb.", "AITWG:§11.1, Aside 11.2 restricts single-/v/ deletion to an immediately following intransitive indicative mood marker {vu}; the doubled /(v)v/ of 3.pl is retained (-ssapput). With an intervening V{galuaq}V, forms are regular (-ssagaluarpunga, -ssagaluarputit, -ssagaluarpoq). The chapter corroborates the central -ssa- forms only; existing northern alternatives retain their separate Bjornum source." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "will ___; is going to ___ (prospective/future)", "en_short": "will ___; is going to ___", "da": "vil gøre det; skal gøre det", "verb_phrase": "will ___; be going to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "vil gøre det; skal gøre det", "da_short": "vil ___; skal ___", "composition": { "en": "will ___; be going to ___", "da": "vil ___; skal ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerissavoq", "natural": "He will eat." }, { "surface": "takussaaq", "natural": "He will see him." }, { "surface": "Nuummukassooq", "natural": "will go to Nuuk (northern IND 3sg -ssooq; Nuuk + N_ALL_kaq_Vb + V_ssa_Vb + V_IND_INTR_3SG -- not N_kcaq_N + N_u_Vb. Subject pronoun from the named referent / engine, not baked into the gloss.)", "natural_da": "skal til Nuuk" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:295", "Bjornum2012:forord", "AITWG:§11.1", "AITWG:§2.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.1" ], "id": "V_ssa_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_niar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to go in order to V; intend to V" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-niar", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION from V_niaq_Vb (sentential_affixes.yaml, additive +niaq, AITWG/Nielsen sentence-scope senses) and V_niaq_try_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml, additive +niaq, AITWG/Nielsen \"try to Vb\"): this Fortescue1984:210 truncating -niar entry is separately cited as \"go in order to V; intend to V\". The modern surface overlaps; do not conflate the source distinctions. Pilot aalaniarpoq / aallaaniarpoq (#544 theme 1) — see docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme1-affix-ambiguity-dossiers.md." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to go in order to ___; intend to ___", "en_short": { "default": "to go in order to {{verb}}; intend to {{verb}}" }, "da": "at tage af sted for at gøre det; have til hensigt at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "go in order to ___; intend to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "at tage af sted for at gøre det; have til hensigt at gøre det", "da_short": "at tage af sted for at ___; have til hensigt at ___", "composition": { "en": "go in order to ___; intend to ___", "da": "tage af sted for at ___; have til hensigt at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "neriniarpoq", "natural": "He went to eat / He intends to eat." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:210" ], "id": "V_niar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_sinnaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "can V; to be able to V (potential)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-sinnaa", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes pp.1–2 prints the ability head as V{sinnau}V and explicitly derives ornissinnaa- from ornip- plus this ability affix; its worked forms ornissinnaanngilara and orninngissinnaavara show the two scope orders with negation. The bracket/citation spelling difference is source-grounded here; no separate *sinnau identity or general sound rule is inferred.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5 and Bjornum2012:K9§6 distinguish ability from permission in questions: Frida pulaarsinnaava asks whether Frida may visit. A future time expression can accompany the potential (aqagu ikiorsinnaavakkit). These contextual readings do not make the affix a future-tense marker in every occurrence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "can ___; to be able to ___ (potential)", "en_short": { "default": "can {{verb}}; to be able to {{verb}}" }, "da": "kan gøre det", "verb_phrase": "can ___; be able to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "kan gøre det", "da_short": "kan ___", "composition": { "en": "can ___; be able to ___", "da": "kan ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takusinnaavara", "natural": "I can see it (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.5)" }, { "surface": "Frida pulaarsinnaava", "natural": "may Frida visit? (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.5)" }, { "surface": "takusinnaajunga", "natural": "I can see." }, { "surface": "nerisinnaanavianngitsoq", "natural": "something that is impossible to eat" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.1", "AITWG-Affixes:p.2", "Fortescue1984:293", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sinnaavoq" ], "id": "V_sinnaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_torsuu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb greatly (degree intensifier)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+torsuu", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form is a combination of V{ðuq}N (intransitive participle), N{(q)cuaq}N (augmentative), and N{-u}V ('to be'); citation +torsuuvoq. An optional N{-rujuk}N ('very') may be inserted before the augmentative for extra emphasis, and can itself be repeated arbitrarily (+torujussuuvoq, or with -rujuk- doubled/tripled, +torujorujorujussuvoq) -- per AITWG-Affixes 'a very (very, very) common construction in ordinary speech'. Both the plain and -rujuk-augmented citation forms are combined under this one entry, matching the source's own single shared headword line.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 independently corroborates with '+Torujussuu-, vb-e rigtig meget' ('Vb really a lot'), giving the identical worked example atuartorujussuuvoq ('he reads really a lot') and separately confirming the repeatable-÷rujug- emphasis device on a different base." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ greatly (degree intensifier)", "da": "at gøre det meget; at gøre det kraftigt", "verb_phrase": "___ greatly", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det meget; at gøre det kraftigt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} greatly" }, "da_short": "at ___ meget; at ___ kraftigt", "composition": { "en": "___ greatly", "da": "at ___ meget; at ___ kraftigt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atuartorujussuuvoq", "natural": "he reads really a lot (Nielsen2012's independently attested example, from atuarpoq 'he reads')" }, { "surface": "torujorujorujussuvoq", "natural": "Vb'ed very, very, very much (AITWG-Affixes' own example of the repeatable -rujuk- emphasis device)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.37", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_torsuu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_aluk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb here and there; to Vb a little" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-aluk", "notes": [ "Citation -aluppoq shows total regressive assimilation of the bracket form's final /k/ to the following /p/ of -poq (k+p -> pp), not a distinct underlying consonant.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 independently attests the same root under a closely related gloss, '÷alug-, vb-e temmelig, så småt, hist og her' ('Vb somewhat, in small measure, here and there'), with example nerialuppoq ('he eats a little here and there', from nerivoq 'he eats') -- a good semantic match, not an exact one (Nielsen's gloss leans toward 'somewhat/piecemeal', AITWG-Affixes' toward 'here and there/a little'); cited as corroborating, not identical.", "morphology_class.stem_type:velar_final_stem (oq#380 follow-up round): formalizes the k+p->pp fact this entry's own first note already describes in prose, as a real structured field oq's engine can key its existing Definition 3.9 assimilation off (previously unimplemented, silently building nerialukpoq instead of the attested nerialuppoq -- confirmed via direct engine testing). This affix's own left edge is vowel-initial ('-aluk' starts with /a/), so its truncating boundary_behavior for THAT join is unaffected; this only concerns what follows at its own right edge." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ here and there; to ___ a little", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} here and there" }, "da": "at gøre det hist og her; lidt", "verb_phrase": "___ here and there; ___ a little", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det hist og her; lidt", "da_short": "at ___ hist og her", "composition": { "en": "___ here and there; ___ a little", "da": "at ___ hist og her; lidt" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerialuppoq", "natural": "he eats a little here and there (Nielsen2012's example, from nerivoq, 'he eats')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.37", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "id": "V_aluk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_kujuk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb somewhat/partially" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kujuk", "notes": [ "Citation -kujuppoq: k+p -> pp total assimilation, same pattern as V_aluk_Vb.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 independently attests the identical root twice: '÷kujug-, ÷kujoor-, være ret/lidt vb-ende' ('be rather/a little Vb-ing', eqqumiikujuppoq 'he is rather odd') and, cross-listed under the same section, '÷rujug-, ÷kujug-, vb-e lidt/en smule' (uernakujuppoq 'he is a little sleepy') -- both a good match for AITWG-Affixes' 'somewhat/partially' gloss." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ somewhat; to ___ partially", "da": "at gøre det noget; at gøre det delvist", "verb_phrase": "___ somewhat; ___ partially", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det noget; at gøre det delvist", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} somewhat; to {{verb}} partially" }, "da_short": "at ___ noget; at ___ delvist", "composition": { "en": "___ somewhat; ___ partially", "da": "at ___ noget; at ___ delvist" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eqqumiikujuppoq", "natural": "he is rather odd (Nielsen2012's example, from eqqumiippoq, 'he is odd')" }, { "surface": "uernakujuppoq", "natural": "he is a little sleepy (Nielsen2012's example, from uernarpoq, 'he is sleepy')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.37", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "id": "V_kujuk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_kuluk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is rather/quite Vb'ing (seemingly only with stems for states of being)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kuluk", "notes": [ "Citation -kuluppoq: k+p -> pp total assimilation, same pattern as V_aluk_Vb/V_kujuk_Vb.", "No independent Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific root ('kuluk' does not appear as a headword in either transcribed extract, unlike its near-neighbors V_kujuk_Vb and V_aqcuk_Vb below); this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes alone, the same evidentiary situation already accepted elsewhere in this repo for weakly-attested entries (e.g. N_kuuvik_N)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "quite ___", "verb_phrase": "quite ___", "da_verb_phrase": "er temmelig sådan; er ret sådan", "da": "er temmelig sådan; er ret sådan", "en_short": "quite ___", "da_short": "er temmelig sådan; er ret sådan", "composition": { "en": "quite ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes' own text restricts this affix to state-of-being stems (is Vb'ing) rather than dynamic/event verbs; no worked example is given in the source, so none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.37" ], "id": "V_kuluk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_kutsuuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb greatly (in a very high degree)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kutsoor", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own bracket form is {-kutcuuq}, with the source's own explicit phonological remark: 'notice that /c/ does not assimilate /t/ within the stem, so we get -ts-' -- i.e. this is a NAMED EXCEPTION to the otherwise-general /tc/->[ts]/[cc] assimilation pattern seen elsewhere in this chapter (cf. V_tit_Vb/V_suri_Vb's right_sandhi:archaic_ts_assibilation in verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, which is the opposite direction of assimilation); recorded in prose only, not modeled as a right_sandhi value since this affix's own /c/ survives unassimilated rather than triggering an assibilation pattern on a preceding stem.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 independently attests the identical root and a closely matching gloss, '÷kutsoor-, vb-e meget, i meget høj grad' ('Vb a lot, in a very high degree'), with examples nerikutsoorpoq ('he eats a lot') and ajunngikutsoorpoq ('he is doing completely fine')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ greatly (in a very high degree)", "da": "at gøre det meget (i høj grad)", "verb_phrase": "___ greatly (in a very high degree)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det meget (i høj grad)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} greatly (in a very high degree)" }, "da_short": "at ___ meget (i høj grad)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerikutsoorpoq", "natural": "he eats a lot (Nielsen2012's example, from nerivoq, 'he eats')" }, { "surface": "isikutsoorit", "natural": "do come in! (Nielsen2012's example, from iserpoq, 'he goes in')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.37", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_kutsuuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_laaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb a little" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-laar", "notes": [ "Bracket -laaq; citation -laarpoq shows the general q->r weakening before this vowel-initial ending, the same pattern already established throughout this repo's nominal entries (e.g. N_luinnaq_N).", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷laar- 1, vb-e en smule, ligge/netop vb-e' ('Vb a little'), with a rich set of its own examples (angilaarpoq 'it is a little big', annerulaarpoq 'it is a little bigger') and notes it combines freely with V_innaq_Vb (this repo's own merged (g)innaq entry, below)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ a little", "verb_phrase": "___ a little", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det lidt", "da": "at gøre det lidt", "en_short": "to ___ a little", "da_short": "at ___ lidt", "composition": { "en": "___ a little", "da": "at ___ lidt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angilaarpoq", "natural": "it is a little big (Nielsen2012's example, from angivoq, 'it is big')" }, { "surface": "annerulaarpoq", "natural": "it is a little bigger (Nielsen2012's example, from anneruvoq, 'it is bigger')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.37", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "id": "V_laaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_lluinnaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is completely Vb'ing (seemingly only with stems for states of being)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(l)luinnar", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+lluinnar" }, "notes": [ "Bracket (l)luinnaq; citation +(l)luinnarpoq shows the general q->r weakening. The parenthetical (l) marks that the initial /l/ is not always present -- see the allomorphs note below (jandahl/oq#375) for the one class this is now encoded for.", "Homonymous root, different word class: this repo already has N_luinnaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, 'complete(ly) N'), whose own bracket form N{(q)luinnaq*}N and citation +(r)luinnaq differ from this V{(l)luinnaq}V (l- vs q/r-initial linking consonant) -- likely a related but not identical morpheme family; not conflated here, and N_luinnaq_N's own left_sandhi is deliberately left unset for its own genuinely mixed evidence, a caution that applies independently to this entry too, which sets no left_sandhi for the same reason (no consonant-final host example given in AITWG-Affixes for the verbal form).", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 independently attests the same root as '+lluinnar- 1, vb-e rigtig meget' ('Vb really a lot'), with example utoqqaalluinnarpoq ('he is really old') -- a good match, though Nielsen's own gloss leans toward intensity ('a lot') rather than AITWG-Affixes' completion sense ('completely'); cited as corroborating, not identical.", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375): only the vowel-final class is encoded, grounded by this entry's own utoqqaalluinnarpoq example (from utoqqaavoq/utoqqaa, vowel-final, Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7). No consonant-host key is added: as this entry's own note above already states, no consonant-final host example is given anywhere checked for this verbal sense (contrast the sentential-affix sibling V_luinnaq_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml, whose own r-stem example -- ajorluinnarpoq -- is independently attested and encoded there)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is completely ___-ing", "da": "er helt og fuldstændigt sådan", "verb_phrase": "be completely ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "er helt og fuldstændigt sådan", "en_short": { "default": "is completely {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "is completely {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "er helt og fuldstændigt sådan", "composition": { "en": "be completely ___-ing" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "utoqqaalluinnarpoq", "natural": "he is really old (Nielsen2012's example, from utoqqaavoq, 'he is old')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.37", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_lluinnaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ngajak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb's almost/more or less (§7.1); is almost Vb'ing, is about to Vb (§7.3) -- Ch7 lists this identical bracket form/citation twice, under 'Degree' and 'Phase of completion', with closely related glosses; combined here as one entry rather than duplicated", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ngajak_Vb:0c362d826074", "items": [ { "text": "Vb's almost/more or less (§7.1); is almost Vb'ing, is about to Vb (§7.3) -- Ch7 lists this identical bracket form/citation twice, under 'Degree' and 'Phase of completion', with closely related glosses; combined here as one entry rather than duplicated", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.37", "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngajap", "notes": [ "Bracket -ŋajak; citation -ngajappoq shows k+p -> pp total assimilation.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1 independently attests the identical root and gloss group, '÷ngajag-, være lige ved at vb-e, næsten vb-e' ('be just about to Vb, almost Vb'), giving nutaangajappoq ('it is almost new') among its examples -- directly matching Bjornum2012's own nominal N{-ngajak}N entry's nutaangajak example already cited on this repo's N_ngajak_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml), suggesting the verbal and nominal -ngajak affixes are closely related, though not asserted as identical here since AITWG-Affixes itself lists them in separate chapters (this V-to-V one in Ch.7, the N-to-N one in Ch.4).", "Nielsen2012 additionally notes this affix combines with V_innaq_Vb (below) and, in a further combination, with +sima- (this repo's own V_sima_Vb, below): nalaannangajassimavoq, 'he had almost only lain down' -- recorded here in prose, not modeled as its own entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "almost ___; about to ___", "en_short": "almost", "verb_phrase": "almost ___; about to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "gør det næsten eller mindre; gør det mere eller mindre; er ved at gøre det", "da": "gør det næsten eller mindre; gør det mere eller mindre; er ved at gøre det", "da_short": "___ næsten eller mindre; ___ mere eller mindre", "composition": { "en": "almost ___; about to ___", "da": "___ næsten eller mindre; ___ mere eller mindre; er ved at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nutaangajappoq", "natural": "it is almost new (Nielsen2012's example, from nutaavoq, 'it is new')" }, { "surface": "kilingajappaa", "natural": "he was just about to wound him/her with a knife (Nielsen2012's example, from kilerpaa, 'he wounds him/her with a knife')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.37", "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "id": "V_ngajak_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_neru_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is more/most Vb'ing (comparative, with adjectival verbal stems); the ablative case marks the object of comparison", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_neru_Vb:6369116fd464", "items": [ { "text": "is more/most Vb'ing (comparative, with adjectival verbal stems); the ablative case marks the object of comparison", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.38", "AITWG:§12.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+neru", "notes": [ "Bracket nəru; citation +neruvoq (ə->e). AITWG-Affixes' own text derives this as a combination of V{nəQ}N (the abstract/'most Vb-ing' participle) and N{-u}V ('to be'), and separately mentions two further bolded combination forms built on the same nəQ participle -- V{nəQpaaju}V, +nerpaa(ju)voq ('is the most Vb-ing', via N{nəQpaaq}N re-verbalized) and V{nərujukcuu}V, +nerujussuuvoq ('Vb's much more', via nəQ combined with the augmentative -rujuk-cuaq chain) -- both folded into this entry's notes rather than given separate IDs, since they are compositionally transparent superlative/intensified elaborations of this same comparative rather than independently opaque morphemes.", "AITWG:§12.2 Definition 12.2 directly derives the same nominal comparative plus N{-u}V chain, gives angineruvoq with an ablative comparison target, and says V{nəq}N{caq}N{-u}V (V{nəqcau}V) means the same as V{nəqpau}V. These source-defined extensions remain compositional forms recorded here, not separate opaque affixes.", "AITWG-Affixes' own worked example shows the comparison target marked in the ABLATIVE case: Nuka Piitamit anneruvoq ('Nuka is bigger than Piitaq', Piitamit = ablative of Piitaq).", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '+neru-, vb-e mere' ('Vb more'), with examples pitsaaneruvoq ('it is better') and piumaneruaa ('he would rather have it'); Nielsen also separately catalogs +nerpaa- ('is the one that Vb's most') and +nerujussuu- ('Vb's a lot more') as its own adjacent headwords, independently confirming both of AITWG-Affixes' own combination forms noted above. The attached MOFO lead V{nəqpau}V (new forms +nerpaavoq and +nerpaajuvoq) is covered by this compositional account, not treated as an additional opaque affix; Nielsen's and AITWG's forms corroborate it, while the MOFO/TOML source specifically contributes the retained-/aq/ variant and the direct example 'Piitaq annerpaavoq'." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is more ___-ing; is most ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "is more {{verb:gerund}}; is most {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "is more {{verb:gerund}}; is most {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "er mere sådan; er mest sådan", "verb_phrase": "be more ___-ing; be most ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "er mere sådan; er mest sådan", "da_short": "er mere sådan; er mest sådan", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pitsaaneruvoq", "natural": "it is better (Nielsen2012's example, from pitsaavoq, 'it is good')" }, { "surface": "Nuka Piitamit anneruvoq", "natural": "Nuka is bigger than Piitaq (AITWG-Affixes' own example, illustrating the ablative-marked comparison target)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.38", "AITWG:§12.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_neru_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_pajaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is partly/more or less Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-pajaar", "notes": [ "Bracket -pajaaq; citation -pajaarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷pajaar-, vb-e delvis, mere eller mindre' ('Vb partly, more or less'), with examples ersipajaarpoq ('he is a little scared') and ittuupajaarpoq ('he is a little shy')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is partly or less ___-ing; is more or less ___-ing", "da": "er delvist eller mindre sådan; er mere eller mindre sådan", "en_short": { "default": "is partly or less {{verb:gerund}}; is more or less {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "is partly or less {{verb:gerund}}; is more or less {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "er delvist eller mindre sådan; er mere eller mindre sådan", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ersipajaarpoq", "natural": "he is a little scared (Nielsen2012's example, from ersivoq, 'he is scared')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.38", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "id": "V_pajaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_piaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is exactly/really Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(r)piar", "notes": [ "Bracket (q)piaq; citation +(r)piarpoq shows the parenthetical /q/ realized as a linking /r/ (q->r weakening) rather than surviving as /q/.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '+(r)piar-, vb-e bestemt, nøjagtigt' ('Vb definitely, exactly'), with example qulinngorpiarpoq ('the clock is exactly ten').", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375 research pass): deliberately NOT populated. MOFO:vv/(q)viaq -- cross-reference only, not independent corroboration, same author as AITWG-Affixes -- explicitly marks this affix's own left join 'Irregular... alternates between being additive and truncative', giving its own tentative account ('on t(ə)-stems, it behaves truncatively... on all other stems, additively'); useful as a research pointer, but not itself citable as grounding a schema value. The one independently-attested example, qulinngorpiarpoq (from qulinngorpoq, itself an already-inflected numeral-based verb form, Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12), does not establish a NEW key: its own bare host stem is not published anywhere in this repo with a stem_type, so there is nothing to key a class on even though the surface itself is unremarkable (equal to the bare additive default). Left as an open gap; unblocked by either an independently-confirmed host stem_type for qulinngorpoq's own base, or a genuinely independent (non-MOFO) source confirming the tə-stem truncative behavior MOFO describes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is exactly ___-ing; is really ___-ing", "da": "er netop sådan; er virkelig sådan", "verb_phrase": "be exactly ___-ing; be really ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "er netop sådan; er virkelig sådan", "en_short": { "default": "is exactly {{verb:gerund}}; is really {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "is exactly {{verb:gerund}}; is really {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "er netop sådan; er virkelig sådan", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qulinngorpiarpoq", "natural": "the clock is exactly ten (Nielsen2012's example, from qulinngorpoq, 'the clock is ten')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.38", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12" ], "id": "V_piaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qqaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "barely Vb'ed; Vb'ed with difficulty" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqar", "notes": [ "Bracket qqaq; citation -qqarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text records that, combined with the negation affix V{ŋŋit}V, this gives V{qqaŋŋit}V ('Vb's a lot' -- the negated-negative reading, 'not barely' = 'plentifully') -- recorded in prose only, not a separate entry, same treatment as V_ngaaq_Vb's ŋŋit-combination note above.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1 independently attests the identical root and a matching gloss group, '÷qqar-, vb-e lige akkurat/med nød og næppe' ('Vb just barely/with great difficulty'), with examples nioqqarpoq ('he barely made it ashore') and tusaqqarpaa ('he only just managed to hear it')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "barely ___-ed; ___-ed with difficulty", "en_short": "barely ___-ed; ___-ed with difficulty", "da": "gjorde det med nød og næppe; gjorde det med nød og besvær", "verb_phrase": "barely ___-ed; ___-ed with difficulty", "da_verb_phrase": "gjorde det med nød og næppe; gjorde det med nød og besvær", "da_short": "gjorde det med nød og næppe; gjorde det med nød og besvær", "composition": { "en": "barely ___-ed; ___-ed with difficulty" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nioqqarpoq", "natural": "he barely made it ashore (Nielsen2012's example, from niuvoq, 'he goes ashore')" }, { "surface": "tusaqqarpaa", "natural": "he only just managed to hear it (Nielsen2012's example, from tusarpaa, 'he hears it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.38", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "id": "V_qqaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qqik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb again (primary sense, §7.4); is very/completely Vb'ing (AITWG-Affixes §7.1 calls its DAKA attestation unusual; Nielsen2012 independently lists the complete sense, §5.3.3.12)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qqik_Vb:c28d27993e47", "items": [ { "text": "Vb again (primary sense, §7.4); is very/completely Vb'ing (AITWG-Affixes §7.1 calls its DAKA attestation unusual; Nielsen2012 independently lists the complete sense, §5.3.3.12)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.38", "AITWG-Affixes:p.43", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qqippoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqip", "search_forms": [ "-qqik" ], "notes": [ "Source-locator correction: Bjornum2012:K9§6 places the productivity comparison with -mavoq/-ngavoq under -qqavoq, not under -qqippoq. The previous corroboration note incorrectly attributed that sentence to this again-affix. Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12 separately lists its stative complete/good-at sense, with qorsooqqippoq and mersoqqippoq; §5.3.3.3 remains the again/onward/back sense.", "Bracket qqik; citation -qqippoq shows k+p -> pp total assimilation.", "AITWG-Affixes' own §7.1 entry states plainly: 'Usually, this affix would mean \"again\", but it is also attested in the DAKA with this second, unusual meaning' -- directly identifying the §7.1 'very/completely' sense as a marked, non-default use of the same affix documented as the primary headword in §7.4. Combined here as one entry rather than duplicated, the same treatment as V_ngajak_Vb and V_innaq_Vb above/below.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 attests the again/onward/back sense with ingerlaqqippoq; Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qqippoq independently gives angerlaqqippoq. Bjornum's productivity comparison with -mavoq/-ngavoq belongs to the neighboring -qqavoq headword (V_qqa_Vb)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___ again", "en_short": "again", "verb_phrase": "___ again", "da_verb_phrase": "gør det igen", "da": "gør det igen", "da_short": "igen", "composition": { "en": "___ again", "da": "___ igen" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qorsooqqippoq", "natural": "it is fully green (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.12, stative degree sense)" }, { "surface": "mersoqqippoq", "natural": "she is good at sewing (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.12, less common skill sense)" }, { "surface": "ingerlaqqippoq", "natural": "he moved on (Nielsen2012's example, from ingerlavoq, 'he goes/travels')" }, { "surface": "angerlaqqippoq", "natural": "he has come home again (Bjornum2012's example, from angerlarpoq, 'he goes home')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.38", "AITWG-Affixes:p.43", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qqippoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12" ], "id": "V_qqik_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qqinnaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is completely Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqinnaar", "notes": [ "Bracket qqinnaaq; citation -qqinnaarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "No independent Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this exact root ('qqinnaar' does not appear as a headword in either transcribed extract, distinct from the unrelated '÷qinnaar-' entries Nielsen2012 does have, e.g. §5.3.3.1's 'north Greenlandic, be about to Vb' sense); this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes alone; the Petersen1951/1967 -qqissaarpoq affix row (tak pointing at -qqinnaarpoq, equated with -vippoq), Ordbogi1977's -qqinnaarpoq headword, Oqaatsit1997's -qqinnaarpoq headword, and Oqaasersiorfik2008's -qqinnaarpoq headword now corroborate it independently (see the pedagogy note)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is completely ___-ing", "da": "er helt sådan", "verb_phrase": "be completely ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "er helt sådan", "en_short": { "default": "is completely {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "is completely {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "er helt sådan", "composition": { "en": "be completely ___-ing" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Completely Vb'ing. Attested through the affix's own dictionary headword -- Petersen1951/1967's -qqissaarpoq affix row cross-references it outright (tak pointing at -qqinnaarpoq, equated with -vippoq), Ordbogi1977 prints the surface pair under its -qqinnaarpoq headword (\"ilumooqqinnaarpoq, er fuldstændig korrekt; qasoqqinnaarpoq, er helt udkørt\"), Oqaatsit1997 repeats the same pair (\"det er helt rigtigt\" / \"er aldeles udkørt\"), and Oqaasersiorfik2008 lists qasoqqinnaarpoq under its own -qqinnaarpoq headword -- the qasoqqinnaarpoq vehicle below is closed by the modern Oqaatsit1997 + Oqaasersiorfik2008 pair. Vowel-final host qasu + truncative -qqinnaar -> qasoqqinnaar- (stem-final /u/ lowers to /o/ before the geminate /qq/, the same lowering seen in cognate truncative joins). Batch L.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qasoqqinnaarpoq", "natural": "he is completely exhausted (qasu + -qqinnaar + -poq; Ordbogi1977's 'er helt udkørt', Oqaatsit1997's 'er aldeles udkørt')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.38", "Petersen1951:-qqissaarpoq#e13228", "Petersen1967:-qqissaarpoq#e13217", "Ordbogi1977:-qqinnaarpoq#e7974", "Oqaatsit1997:-qqinnaarpoq#e13804", "Oqaasersiorfik2008:-qqinnaarpoq (o-o)#e17022" ], "id": "V_qqinnaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_rujuk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb a little" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rujup", "notes": [ "Bracket -rujuk; citation -rujuppoq shows k+p -> pp total assimilation.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 independently attests the identical root, cross-listed as '÷rujug-, ÷kujug-, vb-e lidt/en smule' ('Vb a little/somewhat'), with example sulerujuppoq ('he potters about with something', from sulivoq 'he works') -- the same root already cross-cited on V_kujuk_Vb above." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ a little", "verb_phrase": "___ a little", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det lidt", "da": "at gøre det lidt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} a little" }, "da_short": "at ___ lidt", "composition": { "en": "___ a little", "da": "at ___ lidt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sulerujuppoq", "natural": "he potters about with something (Nielsen2012's example, from sulivoq, 'he works')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.38", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "id": "V_rujuk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_rujuuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb a little" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rujoor", "notes": [ "Bracket -rujuuq (oo/uu is old- vs new-orthography spelling of the same long vowel, the same pattern already documented on several entries in nominal_extenders.yaml, e.g. N_tuuq_big_N); citation -rujoorpoq shows q->r weakening.", "No independent Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific long-vowel variant (distinct from the short-vowel V_rujuk_Vb above, and from Nielsen2012's own unrelated '÷rujoor-, vb-e løs' entry in §5.3.3.7, which is a different, 'work loose at something' sense); this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ a little", "verb_phrase": "___ a little", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det lidt", "da": "at gøre det lidt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} a little" }, "da_short": "at ___ lidt", "composition": { "en": "___ a little", "da": "at ___ lidt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.38" ], "id": "V_rujuuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ruttuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is at the height of Vb'ing; as Vb'ing as possible -- marks the moment of transition from one state of Vb'ing into another" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ruttor", "notes": [ "Bracket -ruttuq; citation -ruttorpoq shows q->r weakening plus a u->o vowel shift.", "AITWG-Affixes' own worked example is tingeruttorpoq, describing an aeroplane at the exact moment its wheels lift off the ground (from tingivoq, 'it takes off'), illustrating a transition-in-progress reading rather than a simple intensifier.", "No independent Nielsen2012 or Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this root; this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___ as much as possible", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb}} as much as possible" }, "verb_phrase": "___ as much as possible", "da_verb_phrase": "er på højden af at gøre det; så meget som muligt", "da": "er på højden af at gøre det; så meget som muligt", "da_short": "er på højden af at ___", "composition": { "en": "___ as much as possible", "da": "er på højden af at ___; så meget som muligt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tingeruttorpoq", "natural": "it is at the very moment of taking off, wheels just lifting off the ground (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from tingivoq, 'it takes off')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.38" ], "id": "V_ruttuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_tiga_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is as Vb as s.t. (comparison, typically with the equative case, e.g. N{tut}); can also anchor to a demonstrative like taama(k)/ima, 'as Vb as that'", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_tiga_Vb:70c5ab0cc0f5", "items": [ { "text": "is as Vb as s.t. (comparison, typically with the equative case, e.g. N{tut}); can also anchor to a demonstrative like taama(k)/ima, 'as Vb as that'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.38", "AITWG:§12.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +tigaaq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tigi", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 allows a measure phrase in modalis as well as an equative or demonstrative: meterinik marlunnik portutigaaq gives a two-metre height. Preserve the measure or comparison expression in glossing; the affix alone does not supply that degree.", "Bracket tigə (ə->i, the same convention already used for this repo's own V_niutigi_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml); citation +tigaaq is given by AITWG-Affixes already as a specific inflected worked-example form rather than a bare -voq/-poq citation, so it is used here as-is rather than further stripped.", "AITWG-Affixes' own worked example: Piitaq Nukatut angitigaaq ('Piitaq is as big as Nuka', with Nukatut in the equative singular); an alternative anchors to a demonstrative instead, Piitaq taama angitigaaq ('Piitaq is as big as that').", "AITWG:§12.1 Definition 12.1 independently gives the relative construction with the equative, qanuq, and taama, and its footnotes directly derive both angitigaaq and interrogative angitigaa from {aŋə}V{təgə}V plus the indicative {vuq}/interrogative {va} endings: this affix-final /ə/ deletes /v/ and fuses with the ending vowel. This grounds inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion for the schwa-final affix form; no additional left-sandhi or stem-class claim is inferred.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 independently attests the identical root and construction, '+tigə-, vb-e så meget (så ...); vb-e hvor meget?' ('Vb so much (so that...); Vb how much?'), restricted -- as Nielsen also notes -- to following ima, taama, qanoq, soorlu, the equative, or the modalis; Nielsen's own worked example angitigaaq, 'as big as a person' (contractible to atsigaaq) directly corroborates AITWG-Affixes' own example word.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +tigaaq (+tigivoq) accepts contracted and uncontracted forms, prefers uncontracted +tigivoq, and states that only the uncontracted form occurs in intransitive participial mood and before further affixes. It compares the inflection with -gaa (K3§5a skema 8). This is source-specific inflection scope; no new executable ending selector or change to the pre-contraction +tigi stem is asserted." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tiga_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "as ___ as ___", "en_short": { "default": "as {{verb}} as {{verb}}" }, "verb_phrase": "as ___ as ___", "da_verb_phrase": "er lige så sådan som noget", "da": "er lige så sådan som noget", "da_short": "er lige så sådan som noget", "composition": { "en": "as ___ as ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "meterinik marlunnik portutigaaq", "natural": "he is two metres tall (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.7)" }, { "surface": "Piitaq Nukatut angitigaaq", "natural": "Piitaq is as big as Nuka (AITWG-Affixes' own example, Nukatut = equative singular of Nuka)" }, { "surface": "inuttut angitigaaq", "natural": "he is as big as a person (Nielsen2012's example; can contract to atsigaaq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.38", "AITWG:§12.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +tigaaq" ], "id": "V_tiga_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ttiaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb a little/a bit" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tsiar", "notes": [ "Bracket ttiaq; citation -tsiarpoq shows /tt/ realized as /ts/ rather than surviving as a plain geminate -- recorded here as a documented divergence, not modeled as a right_sandhi/inflection_sandhi value since it describes the affix's own onset shape rather than a stem-boundary sandhi rule.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 independently lists ÷tsiar- with a close slight/brief meaning and examples anitsiarpoq and sinitsiarpoq. AITWG-Affixes instead brackets this entry ttiaq and gives the truncative citation -tsiarpoq; the surface and semantic match is strong. Enlarged printed PDF page 102 confirms ÷tsiar-, agreeing with this entry's truncating behavior; the previously recorded additive conflict was a transcription error. The Oqaatsit1997 -tsiarpoq#e17541 row gives takkutitsiarpoq, tamussitsiarpoq and sulitsiarpoq with brief/slight readings. MOFO:vv/tciaq additionally labels a “fairly much” sense using sisungaatsiarpoq, but the independent examples checked here do not establish that as a separate sense of this affix, so that reading is not asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ a little; to ___ a bit", "da": "at gøre det lidt", "verb_phrase": "___ a little; ___ a bit", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det lidt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} a little; to {{verb}} a bit" }, "da_short": "at ___ lidt", "composition": { "en": "___ a little; ___ a bit", "da": "at ___ lidt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Oqaatsit1997 directly corroborates the slight/brief citation form and provides the example below. Printed Nielsen2012 ÷tsiar- independently corroborates the slight/brief form and truncating attachment.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sulitsiarpoq", "natural": "he works a little (Oqaatsit1997's example, pinned at -tsiarpoq#e17541)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5", "Oqaatsit1997:-tsiarpoq#e17541" ], "id": "V_ttiaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_umi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb a little (degree sense; lengthens the stem's own preceding vowel)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-vmi", "vowel_copy_positions": [ 1 ], "search_forms": [ "-umi", "-imi", "-ami" ], "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39 prints -Vmi with italic V and states that it lengthens the preceding vowel. Declare literal position one in -vmi; removing the join marker exposes the copying placeholder at builder position zero, using AITWG §13.6's v copying notation and maximum vowel length two. The printed citation forms -umivoq/-imivoq/-amivoq remain navigation forms, not invariant vowel-initial additions. An already-long host gets no third copy. This encoding uses the AITWG degree sense alone; the possible Nielsen half-hearted sense correspondence remains uncertain.", "Genuinely distinct from two other, unrelated -umi-family affixes later in this same chapter -- V_ummiq_Vb ('becomes suddenly Vb'ing', §7.2) and V_umicaaq_Vb ('Vb back and forth', §7.4) -- each given its own separate entry below; not conflated.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this exact degree-sense root under this citation form (Nielsen2012 does have a different, semantically related '÷umi-, vb-e lidt, halvhjertet' entry in §5.3.3.6, 'Vb a little, half-heartedly', with its own vowel-copying note -- a strong candidate match, but its worked examples (eqiimivaa, illuaamivoq) belong to Nielsen's own §5.3.3.6 'half-hearted' semantic subgroup rather than AITWG-Affixes' §7.1 'Degree' subgroup; given the differing subsection placement in each source, this is flagged as a likely but unconfirmed match rather than cited as direct corroboration)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ a little (degree sense", "da": "at gøre det lidt", "verb_phrase": "___ a little (degree sense; lengthens the stem's own preceding vowel)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det lidt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} a little (degree sense" }, "da_short": "at ___ lidt", "composition": { "da": "at ___ lidt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example beyond the bare allomorph citation forms themselves; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "AITWG:§13.6" ], "id": "V_umi_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ucaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is more or less Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-usar", "notes": [ "Bracket -ucaq; citation -usarpoq shows c->s spelling (old vs. new orthography, the same pattern already documented on several nominal_extenders.yaml entries, e.g. N_usaq_N) plus q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 independently attests the identical root and a matching gloss, '÷usar-, vb-e mere eller mindre, er halv-vb-et' ('Vb more or less, is half-Vb'ed'), with example ajuusarpoq ('he is half-bad', from ajorpoq, 'he is bad')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is more or less ___-ing", "da": "er mere eller mindre sådan", "verb_phrase": "be more or less ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "er mere eller mindre sådan", "en_short": { "default": "is more or less {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "is more or less {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "er mere eller mindre sådan", "composition": { "en": "be more or less ___-ing" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ajuusarpoq", "natural": "he is half-bad (Nielsen2012's example, from ajorpoq, 'he is bad')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "id": "V_ucaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_viksuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is really/completely Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-issor" }, "underlying_form": "-vissor", "notes": [ "Bracket -viksuq; citation -vissorpoq shows ks->ss assimilation plus q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12 independently attests this as the extended variant of V_vik_Vb immediately above, cross-listed in the same '÷vig-, ÷vissor- 1' headword, with example pitsaavissorpoq ('it is particularly good', from pitsaavoq, 'it is good')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is really ___-ing; is completely ___-ing", "da": "er virkelig sådan; er helt sådan", "en_short": { "default": "is really {{verb:gerund}}; is completely {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "is really {{verb:gerund}}; is completely {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "er virkelig sådan; er helt sådan", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pitsaavissorpoq", "natural": "it is particularly good (Nielsen2012's example, from pitsaavoq, 'it is good')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12" ], "id": "V_viksuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_jallak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S suddenly Vb'ed a bit" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "aa": "-jallap", "ii": "-jallap", "uu": "-jallap" }, "underlying_form": "-allap", "notes": [ "Bracket -(j)allak; citation -allappoq (after most stems) / -jallappoq (irregularly, after a long vowel) shows k+p -> pp assimilation. AITWG-Affixes' own text flags this affix as irregular: it injects epenthetic /j/ (rather than the regular /v/) whenever phonotactic epenthesis is required, i.e. after a long vowel -- a genuinely irregular right-edge behavior, but describing the AFFIX's OWN onset-epenthesis choice rather than a HOST-stem-final sandhi fact, so it is recorded here in prose only rather than asserted as a left_sandhi/right_sandhi enum value (none of this schema's existing values model 'this specific affix substitutes /j/ where phonotactic epenthesis would normally insert /v/').", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2 independently lists the sudden/small-action pair -allag- / -jallag-, with the latter after a long vowel. aniallappoq and nuannaajallappoq attest both variants. The map uses this record's existing -allap citation-stem convention, retaining its final p; it changes only the onset after long vowels." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} suddenly ___-ed a bit", "da": "nogen gjorde det pludselig lidt", "verb_phrase": "suddenly ___-ed a bit", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gjorde det pludselig lidt", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} suddenly {{verb:past}} a bit", "past": "{{Actor}} suddenly {{verb:past}} a bit" }, "da_short": "nogen gjorde det pludselig lidt", "composition": { "en": "suddenly ___-ed a bit", "da": "nogen ___ pludselig lidt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aniallappoq", "natural": "he goes out for a moment (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.2)" }, { "surface": "nuannaajallappoq", "natural": "he suddenly becomes glad (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.2)" } ], "note": "The worked examples are independently attested in Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2" ], "id": "V_jallak_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_aqcuk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb half-heartedly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-arsup", "notes": [ "Bracket -aqcuk; citation -arsuppoq shows qc->rs and k+p -> pp assimilation.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific root (distinct from Nielsen2012's own unrelated '÷arsug-, ÷varsug-' entry in §5.3.3.6, which is built on a different root, arsug- not aqcuk-, despite a similar half-hearted gloss); this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ half-heartedly", "da": "at gøre det halvhjertet", "verb_phrase": "___ half-heartedly", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det halvhjertet", "en_short": "to ___ half-heartedly", "da_short": "at ___ halvhjertet", "composition": { "en": "___ half-heartedly", "da": "at ___ halvhjertet" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39" ], "id": "V_aqcuk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_gasuaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb quickly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+gasuar", "notes": [ "Bracket gasuaq; citation +gasuarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "AITWG-Affixes itself lists V_nasuaq_Vb (below) as 'an alternative form' of this same affix; kept as two separate entries per the source's own separate bolded headwords, matching the N_kkataaq_N/N_kkallak_N precedent of not silently merging same-gloss-but-separately-headworded source entries.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.8 independently attests both variants together under one shared headword, '+gasuar-, +nasuar-, skynde sig at vb-e, vb-e hurtigt' ('hurry to Vb, Vb quickly'), with example anigasuarpoq ('he hurries to get out', from anivoq, 'he goes out')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ quickly", "da": "at gøre det hurtigt", "verb_phrase": "___ quickly", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det hurtigt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} quickly" }, "da_short": "at ___ hurtigt", "composition": { "en": "___ quickly", "da": "at ___ hurtigt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anigasuarpoq", "natural": "he hurries to get out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.8" ], "id": "V_gasuaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_jaallu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "habitually Vb's early" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-jaallu", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷jaallu-, intr., pleje at vb-e tidligt' ('be in the habit of Vb-ing early'), with example aniaalluvoq ('he usually goes out early')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "habitually ___-s early", "da": "plejer at gøre det tidligt", "verb_phrase": "habitually ___-s early", "da_verb_phrase": "plejer at gøre det tidligt", "en_short": { "default": "habitually {{verb}} early", "third_singular": "habitually {{verb:3sg}} early" }, "da_short": "plejer at ___ tidligt", "composition": { "en": "habitually ___-s early", "da": "plejer at ___ tidligt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aniaalluvoq", "natural": "he usually goes out early (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "id": "V_jaallu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_jaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb early" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-jaar", "i": "-aar", "u": "-jaar" }, "underlying_form": "-jaar", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -jaarpoq explicitly conditions -jaar- on preceding a/u and -aar- on i. Encode only the cited vowel qualities; no independent long-vowel rule is claimed.", "Bracket -jaaq; citation -jaarpoq shows q->r weakening; a plain root-level sibling of V_jaallu_Vb above (the habitual counterpart).", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '+jaar-, vb-e tidligt' ('Vb early'), with example innajaarpoq ('he goes to bed early'). Bjornum2012 independently corroborates with its own dedicated '-jaarpoq (efter a og u) / -aarpoq (efter i) v-v tidligt' entry, giving innajaarta ('let's go to bed early') and makiaarpoq ('got up early') as its own examples." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ early", "da": "at gøre det tidligt", "verb_phrase": "___ early", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det tidligt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} early" }, "da_short": "at ___ tidligt", "composition": { "en": "___ early", "da": "at ___ tidligt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "innajaarpoq", "natural": "he goes to bed early (Nielsen2012's example, from innarpoq, 'he goes to bed')" }, { "surface": "makiaarpoq", "natural": "got up early (Bjornum2012's example, from makippoq, 'he gets up')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -jaarpoq" ], "id": "V_jaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_leqtuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb's quickly; Vb's shortly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lertor", "notes": [ "Bracket -ləqtuq (ə->e); citation -lertorpoq shows qt->rt and q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.8 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷lertor-, vb-e hurtigt (på kort tid)' ('Vb quickly, in a short time'), with example allilertorpoq ('it grows quickly', from allivoq, 'it grows')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___-s quickly; ___-s shortly", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb}} quickly", "third_singular": "{{verb:3sg}} quickly" }, "da": "gør det hurtigt; kort", "verb_phrase": "___-s quickly; ___-s shortly", "da_verb_phrase": "gør det hurtigt; kort", "da_short": "___ hurtigt", "composition": { "en": "___-s quickly; ___-s shortly", "da": "___ hurtigt; kort" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "allilertorpoq", "natural": "it grows quickly (Nielsen2012's example, from allivoq, 'it grows')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.8" ], "id": "V_leqtuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_llarik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S Vb's well (is good at Vb-ing)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llarip", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12 also records fusion with the last host syllable: sisorarpoq becomes sisoqqarippoq. This is a cited lexicalized alternation, not a general replacement rule for every -rar host.", "Bracket llarik; citation -llarippoq shows k+p -> pp assimilation.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷llarig-, være god til at vb-e' ('be good at Vb-ing'), with example akisuallarippoq ('it gives a good echo', from akisuavoq, 'it echoes')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___-s well (is good at ___-ing)", "da": "nogen gør det godt", "verb_phrase": "___-s well (is good at ___-ing)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det godt", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}} well", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}} well" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ godt", "composition": { "da": "nogen ___ godt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sisoqqarippoq", "natural": "he is good at skiing (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.12)" }, { "surface": "akisuallarippoq", "natural": "it gives a good echo (Nielsen2012's example, from akisuavoq, 'it echoes')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12" ], "id": "V_llarik_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_lluaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb well (a very common affix)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(l)luar", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+lluar", "uvular_final_stem": "+luar", "velar_final_stem": "+luar", "alveolar_final_stem": "+luar" }, "notes": [ "Bracket (l)luaq; citation +(l)luarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '+lluar-, vb-e godt, vel' ('Vb well'), with the common formulas pilluarit ('congratulations') and tikilluarit ('welcome'). Bjornum2012 independently corroborates with its own dedicated '+lluarpoq (ved vokalstammen) / +luarpoq (ved r-stammen og konsonantstammen) v-v godt; vel' entry, giving the identical tikilluarit ('welcome') and apuulluarna ('safe travels home') examples.", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#375): Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +lluarpoq states the split directly, in its own words -- '+lluarpoq (ved vokalstammen) / +luarpoq (ved r-stammen og konsonantstammen)' ('at the vowel stem' / 'at the r-stem and [other] consonant stem'). The three published verb-only consonant classes (uvular_final_stem, velar_final_stem, alveolar_final_stem) are keyed with the identical '+luar' value per Bjornum2012's own single 'r-stem and consonant stem' grouping. CORRECTION: unlike vowel_final_stem (not set on any published verb stem -- e.g. neri/sini carry no morphology_class at all), these three consonant classes ARE already populated on real verb stems in this repo (ajoq: uvular_final_stem; allak/naalak: velar_final_stem; tunniut/toqut and others: alveolar_final_stem, kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml and verbs_mofo_derived.yaml), so all three keys fire mechanically against real hosts today -- but none of those specific stems is one of Bjornum2012's own consonant-stem worked forms (sinilluarpoq, tikilluarit, apuulluarna), so this data applies Bjornum2012's general rule to this repo's existing stem inventory rather than verifying it per attested host. Where the vowel-final key fires (vowel-final hosts), oq's own build (jandahl/oq#375) is fully correct; the consonant classes may still need further host-boundary phonology this engine doesn't yet implement for the specific hosts they now fire against (ajoqluar-, allakluar-, etc.), so oq keeps this id's builds honestly flagged even after this data lands." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ well (a very common affix)", "da": "at gøre det godt", "verb_phrase": "___ well (a very common affix)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det godt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} well" }, "da_short": "at ___ godt", "composition": { "da": "at ___ godt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pilluarit", "natural": "congratulations (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from pivoq, 'it happens')" }, { "surface": "tikilluarit", "natural": "welcome (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from tikippoq, 'he arrives')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +lluarpoq" ], "id": "V_lluaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_lussinnaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb'ed in vain" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lussinnar", "notes": [ "Bracket -lussinnaq; citation -lussinnarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷lussinnar-, vb-e forgæves' ('Vb in vain'), with example aalisalussinnarpoq ('he has fished without result', from aalisarpoq, 'he fishes')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___-ed in vain", "da": "gjorde det forgæves", "verb_phrase": "___-ed in vain", "da_verb_phrase": "gjorde det forgæves", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb:past}} in vain", "past": "{{verb:past}} in vain" }, "da_short": "gjorde det forgæves", "composition": { "en": "___-ed in vain", "da": "___ forgæves" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aalisalussinnarpoq", "natural": "he has fished without result (Nielsen2012's example, from aalisarpoq, 'he fishes')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6" ], "id": "V_lussinnaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_luucaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb patiently/slowly/at one's ease" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-luusaar", "notes": [ "Bracket -luucaaq; citation -luusaarpoq shows c->s and q->r.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 independently attests the closely related root, '÷rusaar-, ÷ruusaar-, vb-e langsomt, mageligt' ('Vb slowly, at ease'), with example ikumarusaarpoq ('it burns cosily', from ikumavoq, 'it burns') -- an r-initial variant rather than an exact l-initial match; recorded as a related-but-not-identical corroboration, similar in spirit to how V_gasuaq_Vb's variant V_nasuaq_Vb below is kept separate rather than silently merged." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ patiently; to ___ slowly; to ___ at one's ease", "da": "at gøre det tålmodigt; at gøre det langsomt; at gøre det roligt", "verb_phrase": "___ patiently; ___ slowly; ___ at one's ease", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det tålmodigt; at gøre det langsomt; at gøre det roligt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} patiently; to {{verb}} slowly; to {{verb}} at one's ease" }, "da_short": "at ___ tålmodigt; at ___ langsomt; at ___ roligt", "composition": { "en": "___ patiently; ___ slowly; ___ at one's ease", "da": "at ___ tålmodigt; at ___ langsomt; at ___ roligt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "id": "V_luucaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_nasuaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb quickly (an alternative form of V_gasuaq_Vb, per AITWG-Affixes' own text)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nasuaq_Vb:16437e71a4d5", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb quickly (an alternative form of V_gasuaq_Vb, per AITWG-Affixes' own text)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.8" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nasuar", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.8 supplies a nasuar-specific example, uninnasuarpoq, alongside anigasuarpoq and nuukkasuarpoq for the shared gasuar-/nasuar- headword. The former closes the earlier example gap without deriving an unattested form.", "Bracket nasuaq; citation +nasuarpoq shows q->r weakening. AITWG-Affixes explicitly labels this 'an alternative form of V{gasuaq}V described above' -- kept as its own entry rather than folded into V_gasuaq_Vb's notes because it carries its own distinct bolded headword and citation form in the source, matching the N_kkataaq_N/N_kkallak_N precedent.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.8 independently attests both variants together under one shared headword (see V_gasuaq_Vb's own citation of the same passage, '+gasuar-, +nasuar-, skynde sig at vb-e, vb-e hurtigt')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ quickly", "da": "at gøre det hurtigt", "verb_phrase": "___ quickly (an alternative form of V_gasuaq_Vb, per AITWG-Affixes' own text)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det hurtigt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} quickly" }, "da_short": "at ___ hurtigt", "composition": { "en": "___ quickly", "da": "at ___ hurtigt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uninnasuarpoq", "natural": "he stops abruptly (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.8)" } ], "note": "See V_gasuaq_Vb for this affix's shared worked example (Nielsen2012 documents gasuar-/nasuar- together, with no nasuar-specific example of its own)." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.8" ], "id": "V_nasuaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_niqluk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb badly/unpleasantly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nerlup", "notes": [ "Bracket niqluk; citation +nerluppoq shows iq->er and k+p -> pp assimilation.", "AITWG-Affixes itself lists V_niqliuq_Vb (below) as a separate headword with the identical gloss -- kept separate per the source's own presentation, matching the N_kkataaq_N/N_kkallak_N precedent.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6 independently attests both roots together under one shared headword, '+nerlug-, +nerlior-, vb-e dårligt' ('Vb badly'), with example iternerluppoq ('he is grumpy on waking', from iterpoq, 'he wakes')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ badly; to ___ unpleasantly", "da": "at gøre det dårligt; at gøre det ubehageligt", "verb_phrase": "___ badly; ___ unpleasantly", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det dårligt; at gøre det ubehageligt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} badly; to {{verb}} unpleasantly" }, "da_short": "at ___ dårligt; at ___ ubehageligt", "composition": { "en": "___ badly; ___ unpleasantly", "da": "at ___ dårligt; at ___ ubehageligt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iternerluppoq", "natural": "he is grumpy on waking (Nielsen2012's example, from iterpoq, 'he wakes')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6" ], "id": "V_niqluk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_niqliuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb badly/unpleasantly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nerlior", "notes": [ "Bracket niqliuq; citation +nerliorpoq shows iq->er and q->r weakening; a separately-headworded near-synonym of V_niqluk_Vb above (see that entry's note).", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6 independently attests this root together with V_niqluk_Vb's own root under one shared headword (see that entry's own citation), with example ingerlanerliorpoq ('things are not going well for him', from ingerlavoq, 'he is underway/in progress')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ badly; to ___ unpleasantly", "da": "at gøre det dårligt; at gøre det ubehageligt", "verb_phrase": "___ badly; ___ unpleasantly", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det dårligt; at gøre det ubehageligt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} badly; to {{verb}} unpleasantly" }, "da_short": "at ___ dårligt; at ___ ubehageligt", "composition": { "en": "___ badly; ___ unpleasantly", "da": "at ___ dårligt; at ___ ubehageligt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ingerlanerliorpoq", "natural": "things are not going well for him (Nielsen2012's example, from ingerlavoq, 'he is underway')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6" ], "id": "V_niqliuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_palaaq_manner_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb half-heartedly/with difficulty" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-palaar", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION -- a third, distinct '-palaaq' homograph in this repo: bracket -palaaq, citation -palaarpoq (q->r weakening). Genuinely distinct from the existing MOFO-derived V_palaaq_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, bracket {(q)valaaq}, 'the sound of Vb'ing can be heard, avalent/impersonal') and from nominal_modifiers.yaml's N_palaaq_N (bracket {palaaq}, 'a bad/miserable N') -- three unrelated morphemes sharing only the surface string 'palaaq', per the same non-conflation discipline N_palaaq_N's own note already applies to its own pair. The ID is suffixed _manner_Vb (rather than colliding with the existing V_palaaq_Vb) specifically to keep all three distinguishable at a glance.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷palaar- 4, vb-e ineffektivt, halvhjertet, med vanskelighed' ('Vb ineffectively, half-heartedly, with difficulty'), with example arpapalaarpoq ('he runs with difficulty', from arpappoq, 'he runs')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ half-heartedly; to ___ with difficulty", "da": "at gøre det halvhjertet; at gøre det besværligt", "verb_phrase": "___ half-heartedly; ___ with difficulty", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det halvhjertet; at gøre det besværligt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} half-heartedly; to {{verb}} with difficulty" }, "da_short": "at ___ halvhjertet; at ___ besværligt", "composition": { "en": "___ half-heartedly; ___ with difficulty", "da": "at ___ halvhjertet; at ___ besværligt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arpapalaarpoq", "natural": "he runs with difficulty (Nielsen2012's example, from arpappoq, 'he runs')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6" ], "id": "V_palaaq_manner_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_pallak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb quickly/hurriedly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-pallap", "notes": [ "Bracket -pallak; citation -pallappoq shows k+p -> pp assimilation.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.8 independently attests the identical root, cross-listed as '÷pallag- 4 (+(r)pallag-), skynde sig at vb-e, vb-e hurtigere' ('hurry to Vb, Vb faster'), with example sulipallappoq ('he works quickly', from sulivoq, 'he works'). The source lists both truncative and additive marks without isolating their conditioning; the inherited truncating default remains a review hold, not a universal selector. Bjornum2012 independently corroborates with its own dedicated '-pallappoq v-v skynder sig at' ('hurries to') entry, giving makipallappoq ('hurries to get up', from makippoq, 'he gets up')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ quickly; to ___ hurriedly", "da": "at gøre det hurtigt; at gøre det i hast", "verb_phrase": "___ quickly; ___ hurriedly", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det hurtigt; at gøre det i hast", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} quickly; to {{verb}} hurriedly" }, "da_short": "at ___ hurtigt; at ___ i hast", "composition": { "en": "___ quickly; ___ hurriedly", "da": "at ___ hurtigt; at ___ i hast" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sulipallappoq", "natural": "he works quickly (Nielsen2012's example, from sulivoq, 'he works')" }, { "surface": "makipallappoq", "natural": "hurries to get up (Bjornum2012's example, from makippoq, 'he gets up')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.8", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -pallappoq" ], "id": "V_pallak_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_piluk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb strongly/violently/hard" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-pilup", "notes": [ "Bracket -piluk; citation -piluppoq shows k+p -> pp assimilation.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 independently attests the identical root, cross-listed as '÷pilug-/÷piloor-, vb-e på en voldsom måde' ('Vb in a violent manner'), with example isimmipiluppaa ('he kicks him hard', from isimmippaa, 'he kicks him') -- the same root also underlies V_piluuq_Vb below." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ strongly; to ___ violently; to ___ hard", "da": "at gøre det kraftigt; at gøre det voldsomt; at gøre det hårdt", "verb_phrase": "___ strongly; ___ violently; ___ hard", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det kraftigt; at gøre det voldsomt; at gøre det hårdt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} strongly; to {{verb}} violently; to {{verb}} hard" }, "da_short": "at ___ kraftigt; at ___ voldsomt; at ___ hårdt", "composition": { "en": "___ strongly; ___ violently; ___ hard", "da": "at ___ kraftigt; at ___ voldsomt; at ___ hårdt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isimmipiluppaa", "natural": "he kicks him hard (Nielsen2012's example, from isimmippaa, 'he kicks him')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_piluk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_piluuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb strongly/violently/hard" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-piloor", "notes": [ "Bracket -piluuq; citation -piloorpoq shows q->r weakening; the long-vowel sibling of V_piluk_Vb above (Nielsen2012's own ÷piloor- variant, see that entry's citation), with Nielsen's own example sisupiloorpoq ('he runs headlong', from sisuvoq, 'he slides down')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ strongly; to ___ violently; to ___ hard", "da": "at gøre det kraftigt; at gøre det voldsomt; at gøre det hårdt", "verb_phrase": "___ strongly; ___ violently; ___ hard", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det kraftigt; at gøre det voldsomt; at gøre det hårdt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} strongly; to {{verb}} violently; to {{verb}} hard" }, "da_short": "at ___ kraftigt; at ___ voldsomt; at ___ hårdt", "composition": { "en": "___ strongly; ___ violently; ___ hard", "da": "at ___ kraftigt; at ___ voldsomt; at ___ hårdt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sisupiloorpoq", "natural": "he runs headlong (Nielsen2012's example, from sisuvoq, 'he slides down')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_piluuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qqissaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb carefully/exactly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqissaar", "notes": [ "Bracket qqissaaq; citation -qqissaarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷qqissaar-, vb-e nøjagtigt, forsigtigt, omhyggeligt' ('Vb exactly, carefully, meticulously'), with example isigeqqissaarpaa ('he looks closely at it', from isigaa, 'he looks at it').", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqissaarpoq#e9962 independently attests careful/exact/effortful activity, mostly with transitive bases, and prints isigeqqissaarpaa. Oqaatsit1997:-qqissaarpoq#e13808 also prints intransitive examples illaaqqissaarpoq, ipiiaaqqissaarpoq and naammaateqqissaarpoq. The Petersen cross-reference to -qqinnaarpoq is navigation, not identity with the completely operator V_qqinnaaq_Vb; no universal valency restriction is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ carefully; to ___ exactly", "da": "at gøre det forsigtigt; at gøre det præcist", "verb_phrase": "___ carefully; ___ exactly", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det forsigtigt; at gøre det præcist", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} carefully; to {{verb}} exactly" }, "da_short": "at ___ forsigtigt; at ___ præcist", "composition": { "en": "___ carefully; ___ exactly", "da": "at ___ forsigtigt; at ___ præcist" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isigeqqissaarpaa", "natural": "he looks closely at it (Nielsen2012's example, from isigaa, 'he looks at it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqissaarpoq#e9962", "Oqaatsit1997:-qqissaarpoq#e13808" ], "id": "V_qqissaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_riasaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb suddenly/unexpectedly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riasaar", "notes": [ "Bracket -riasaaq; citation -riasaarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "AITWG-Affixes itself lists V_riataaq_Vb (below) as a separate bolded headword with the identical gloss; Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2, by contrast, groups the two roots together under ONE shared headword, '÷riataar-, ÷riasaar-, vb-e pludseligt' ('Vb suddenly'), with example nueriataarpoq ('he suddenly appears', from nuivoq, 'he appears') -- a genuine source-internal presentation difference (AITWG-Affixes: two separate entries; Nielsen2012: one variant pair), flagged rather than silently resolved. Kept as two separate entries here to match AITWG-Affixes' own primary-source presentation, per the established N_kkataaq_N/N_kkallak_N precedent of not merging separately-headworded same-gloss entries." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ suddenly; to ___ unexpectedly", "da": "at gøre det pludselig; at gøre det uventet", "verb_phrase": "___ suddenly; ___ unexpectedly", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det pludselig; at gøre det uventet", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} suddenly; to {{verb}} unexpectedly" }, "da_short": "at ___ pludselig; at ___ uventet", "composition": { "en": "___ suddenly; ___ unexpectedly", "da": "at ___ pludselig; at ___ uventet" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nueriataarpoq", "natural": "he suddenly appears (Nielsen2012's example, shared under its own combined ÷riataar-/÷riasaar- headword, from nuivoq, 'he appears')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2" ], "id": "V_riasaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_riataaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb suddenly/unexpectedly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-riataar", "notes": [ "Bracket -riataaq; citation -riataarpoq shows q->r weakening; see V_riasaaq_Vb's own note on Nielsen2012 treating this and that root as one variant pair rather than AITWG-Affixes' own two separate headwords." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ suddenly; to ___ unexpectedly", "da": "at gøre det pludselig; at gøre det uventet", "verb_phrase": "___ suddenly; ___ unexpectedly", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det pludselig; at gøre det uventet", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} suddenly; to {{verb}} unexpectedly" }, "da_short": "at ___ pludselig; at ___ uventet", "composition": { "en": "___ suddenly; ___ unexpectedly", "da": "at ___ pludselig; at ___ uventet" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "See V_riasaaq_Vb for this pair's shared Nielsen2012-attested worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2" ], "id": "V_riataaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ruluk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb hard/violently" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rulup", "notes": [ "Bracket -ruluk; citation -ruluppoq shows k+p -> pp assimilation.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷rulug-, vb-e voldsomt, heftigt, hårdt' ('Vb violently, intensely, hard'), with example kaaruluppoq ('he is ravenously hungry', from kaappoq, 'he is hungry')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ hard; to ___ violently", "da": "at gøre det hårdt; at gøre det voldsomt", "verb_phrase": "___ hard; ___ violently", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det hårdt; at gøre det voldsomt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} hard; to {{verb}} violently" }, "da_short": "at ___ hårdt; at ___ voldsomt", "composition": { "en": "___ hard; ___ violently", "da": "at ___ hårdt; at ___ voldsomt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kaaruluppoq", "natural": "he is ravenously hungry (Nielsen2012's example, from kaappoq, 'he is hungry')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.39", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_ruluk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ruluuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb hard or violently" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ruloor", "notes": [ "Bracket -ruluuq; citation -ruloorpaa is a transitive 3sg>3sg form and shows q->r weakening. This long-vowel form is distinct from the shorter -rulug- documented at V_ruluk_Vb; their citation endings do not establish an exclusive valency for either form.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷ruloor-, vb-e voldsomt, hårdt' ('Vb violently, hard'), with example naveeruloorpaa ('he scolds him violently', from naveerpaa, 'he scolds him') -- also a transitive worked example, matching AITWG-Affixes' own transitive citation form." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___ hard or violently", "da": "gøre det hårdt eller voldsomt", "verb_phrase": "___ hard or violently", "da_verb_phrase": "gøre det hårdt eller voldsomt", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb}} hard or violently" }, "da_short": "___ hårdt eller voldsomt", "composition": { "en": "___ hard or violently", "da": "___ hårdt eller voldsomt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naveeruloorpaa", "natural": "he scolds him violently (Nielsen2012's example, from naveerpaa, 'he scolds him')" }, { "surface": "ingeruloorpoq", "natural": "he sits down hard (Nielsen2012's intransitive example, from ingippoq, 'he sits down')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_ruluuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_rucaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb slowly/at one's ease" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rusaar", "notes": [ "Bracket -rucaaq; citation -rusaarpoq shows c->s and q->r weakening; the r-initial sibling already independently attested in Nielsen2012's own '÷rusaar-, ÷ruusaar-' entry, already cited on V_luucaaq_Vb above (§5.3.3.5) -- reused here as this entry's own direct, exact-root match rather than V_luucaaq_Vb's looser one.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 example: ikumarusaarpoq ('it burns cosily', from ikumavoq, 'it burns')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ slowly; to ___ at one's ease", "da": "at gøre det langsomt; at gøre det roligt", "verb_phrase": "___ slowly; ___ at one's ease", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det langsomt; at gøre det roligt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} slowly; to {{verb}} at one's ease" }, "da_short": "at ___ langsomt; at ___ roligt", "composition": { "en": "___ slowly; ___ at one's ease", "da": "at ___ langsomt; at ___ roligt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikumarusaarpoq", "natural": "it burns cosily (Nielsen2012's example, from ikumavoq, 'it burns')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "id": "V_rucaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_tsak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "becomes Vb'ing (seemingly only with verbs for moods/emotions, marking a change into a particular state of mind)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_tsak_Vb:d1260dc03b2e", "items": [ { "text": "becomes Vb'ing (seemingly only with verbs for moods/emotions, marking a change into a particular state of mind)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.40" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tsap", "notes": [ "Bracket tsak; citation -tsappoq shows k+p -> pp assimilation.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific root; this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "become ___ (a feeling or mood)", "da": "bliver sådan (om følelser)", "en_short": { "default": "become {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "bliver sådan", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40" ], "id": "V_tsak_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ummiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "becomes suddenly Vb'ing (used only with verbs for feelings/moods/emotions, marking a sudden shift into that state of mind)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ummiq_Vb:63288a02685b", "items": [ { "text": "becomes suddenly Vb'ing (used only with verbs for feelings/moods/emotions, marking a sudden shift into that state of mind)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2", "Oqaatsit1997:ersiummerpoq#e3256", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ersiummerpoq#e3154" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ummer", "notes": [ "Bracket -ummiq, with a variant -V mmiq (italic-V vowel-copying placeholder, the same convention as V_umi_Vb above) that just lengthens the preceding vowel; AITWG-Affixes' own text says the two forms 'appear to be used interchangeably'. Citation -ummerpoq (representative; also -ammerpoq, -immerpoq per the stem's own vowel) shows iq->er.", "Genuinely distinct from V_umi_Vb (§7.1, 'Vb's a little') and V_umicaaq_Vb (§7.4, 'Vb back and forth') despite the shared -umi(q)- substring; not conflated.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷ummer-, får pludselig følelsen af at vb-e' ('suddenly gets the feeling of Vb-ing'), with example ersiummerpoq/ersiimmerpoq ('he suddenly becomes afraid', from ersivoq, 'he is afraid'). The pair attests both spellings for that example; it does not establish unrestricted interchangeability. Nielsen2012:§5.1.2 states that ÷ummer- copies a preceding short vowel and takes j after a long base vowel; this and the alternative spelling need reconciliation before a general selector is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "suddenly become ___ (a feeling or mood)", "da": "bliver pludselig sådan (om følelser)", "en_short": { "default": "suddenly become {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "bliver pludselig sådan", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ersiummerpoq", "natural": "he suddenly becomes afraid (Nielsen2012's example, from ersivoq, 'he is afraid')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.1.2", "Oqaatsit1997:ersiummerpoq#e3256", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ersiummerpoq#e3154" ], "id": "V_ummiq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_galuttuinnaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb gradually (more and more)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+galuttuinnar", "notes": [ "Bracket galuttuinnaq; citation +galuttuinnarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '+galuttuinnar-, vb-e efterhånden mere og mere; med dramatisk nuance' ('Vb gradually more and more; with a dramatic nuance'), with example sialleraluttuinnarpoq ('it rains more and more', from siallerpoq, 'it rains')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ gradually (more and more)", "da": "at gøre det gradvist (mere og mere)", "verb_phrase": "___ gradually (more and more)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det gradvist (mere og mere)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} gradually (more and more)" }, "da_short": "at ___ gradvist (mere og mere)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sialleraluttuinnarpoq", "natural": "it rains more and more (Nielsen2012's example, from siallerpoq, 'it rains')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "id": "V_galuttuinnaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_gijaqtuaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb gradually (more and more)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-iartuaar", "notes": [ "Bracket (gi)jaqtuaaq; AITWG-Affixes' own text states the parenthetical (gi)-part is 'not present on vowel stems'. Citation forms genuinely mix truncative and additive marks depending on host-stem class: -iartuaarpoq, +jartuaarpoq, -kkiartuaarpoq, -riartuaarpoq -- boundary_behavior is left at this template's truncating default. This is an unresolved operational approximation: the template applies one boundary value despite the mixed source notation. Leaving left_sandhi unset does not remove that default. Host-specific selection and downstream behavior require separate evidence and review.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11 independently attests the closely related root, '+(gi)jartuaar-, vb-e gradvis mere og mere/lidt efter lidt' ('Vb gradually more and more, little by little'), with example nuannariartuaarpaa ('he grows fonder and fonder of her', from nuannaraa, 'he is fond of her')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ gradually (more and more)", "da": "at gøre det gradvist (mere og mere)", "verb_phrase": "___ gradually (more and more)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det gradvist (mere og mere)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} gradually (more and more)" }, "da_short": "at ___ gradvist (mere og mere)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuannariartuaarpaa", "natural": "he grows fonder and fonder of her (Nielsen2012's example, from nuannaraa, 'he is fond of her')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "id": "V_gijaqtuaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_gijaqtuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb more and more" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-iartor", "notes": [ "Bracket (gi)jaqtuq; the shorter, non-'gradual'-augmented sibling of V_gijaqtuaaq_Vb above. Citation forms show the same genuinely mixed truncative/additive allomorphy: -iartorpoq, +jartorpoq, -kkiartorpoq, -riartorpoq -- same treatment as V_gijaqtuaaq_Vb (the truncating template default is an unresolved operational approximation; leaving left_sandhi unset does not remove that default).", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '+(gi)jartor- 2, vb-e mere og mere; kun ved noget der kan måles' ('Vb more and more; only with something measurable'), with example nungukkiartorpoq ('they are becoming fewer and fewer', from nunguppoq, 'it has run out') -- Nielsen also notes this combines with V_ler_Vb (this repo's own existing entry, 'begin to Vb'): sila iluarsiartulerpoq ('the weather is beginning to clear up')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ more and more", "da": "at gøre det mere og mere", "verb_phrase": "___ more and more", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det mere og mere", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} more and more" }, "da_short": "at ___ mere og mere", "composition": { "en": "___ more and more", "da": "at ___ mere og mere" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nungukkiartorpoq", "natural": "they are becoming fewer and fewer (Nielsen2012's example, from nunguppoq, 'it has run out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "id": "V_gijaqtuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_li_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S becomes Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+li", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 restricts this degree-change use to stative hosts, calls it relatively unproductive, and attests transitive allivaa, millivaa and tallivaa beside the three fused intransitive forms. A lexicalized transitive use is documented, rather than a general causative rule for arbitrary hosts.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 independently attests the identical root, cross-listed as '+li- 2, intr., er blevet mere vb-et' ('has become more Vb'), explicitly noted there as added to STATIVE verbs only, not very productive, with a cross-reference to the stative inchoative +si- 3 (V_si_become_Vb, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml). The same section independently lists lexicalized transitive allivaa/millivaa/tallivaa; its +si- 3 reference is not to the unrelated halftransitive V_si_Vb. Nielsen also documents three lexicalized fusions with the base's own final syllable (angivoq->allivoq 'has become bigger', mikivoq->millivoq 'has become smaller', takivoq->tallivoq 'has become longer') -- a real, attested fusional pattern, but not asserted as a left_sandhi:fusional value here since only three specific lexicalized words are attested, not a general rule for this affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} becomes ___-ing", "da": "nogen bliver ___", "verb_phrase": "become ___-ing", "en_short": "{{Subject}} becomes ___-ing", "da_short": "nogen bliver ___", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver ___", "composition": { "en": "become ___-ing", "da": "bliver ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "millivoq", "natural": "it has become smaller (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.7, from mikivoq)" }, { "surface": "tallivoq", "natural": "it has become longer (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.7, from takivoq)" }, { "surface": "akikillivoq", "natural": "it has become cheaper (Nielsen2012's example, from akikippoq, 'it is cheap')" }, { "surface": "allivoq", "natural": "it/she has become bigger (Nielsen2012's own lexicalized-fusion example, from angivoq, 'it/she is big')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_li_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_nialiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to set about to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nialer", "notes": [ "Bracket nialiq; citation +nialerpoq shows iq->er.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '+nialer-, skal til at vb-e' ('is about to Vb'), with example aninialerpoq ('he is about to go out', from anivoq, 'he goes out')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to set about to ___", "da": "at gå i gang med at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "set about to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "at gå i gang med at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "to set about to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "at gå i gang med at ___", "composition": { "en": "set about to ___", "da": "at gå i gang med at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aninialerpoq", "natural": "he is about to go out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "id": "V_nialiq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ngiliq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "has not Vb'ed for some time" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngiler", "notes": [ "Bracket ŋŋiliq; citation -nngilerpoq shows iq->er; built on the negation root ŋŋit (not itself modeled in this chapter) plus the inceptive V_ler_Vb (this repo's own existing entry).", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific compound; this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has not ___-ed for some time", "da": "har ikke gjort det i noget tid", "verb_phrase": "have not ___-ed for some time", "da_verb_phrase": "har ikke gjort det i noget tid", "en_short": { "default": "has not {{verb:past}} for some time", "past": "has not {{verb:past}} for some time" }, "da_short": "har ikke gjort det i noget tid", "composition": { "en": "have not ___-ed for some time", "da": "har ikke ___ i noget tid" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40" ], "id": "V_ngiliq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ngersaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is just about to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngersaar", "notes": [ "Bracket ŋŋiqsaa(q); citation -nngersaavoq (without final /q/) / -nngersaarpoq (with it) -- AITWG-Affixes' own text says the two are 'seemingly used interchangeably'; -nngersaar is used here as underlying_form, matching the with-/q/ citation form.", "Nielsen2012 independently attests both variants, cross-listed in §5.3.3.1 as '÷nngersaa-, være i en situation hvor man er lige ved at vb-e' (uppinngersaavoq, 'there is a danger it will tip over') and '÷nngersaar-, ÷nngissaar-, være lige ved at vb-e' (aallanngersaarpoq, 'he was on the verge of leaving') -- directly corroborating AITWG-Affixes' own claim that the with- and without-/q/ forms are interchangeable variants of one affix, and additionally attesting a THIRD variant, -nngissaar-, not mentioned by AITWG-Affixes at all." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is just about to ___", "da": "er lige ved at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be just about to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "er lige ved at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "is just about to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "er lige ved at ___", "composition": { "en": "be just about to ___", "da": "er lige ved at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aallanngersaarpoq", "natural": "he was on the verge of leaving (Nielsen2012's example, from aallarpoq, 'he leaves')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "id": "V_ngersaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qqa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is in a state of Vb'ing (stative/resultative); with some agentive stems marks a passive-stative reading instead" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqa", "notes": [ "Bracket qqa; citation -qqavoq, unchanged.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text notes two other, no-longer-productive affixes with a similar meaning, V{-ŋa}V and V{ma}V, 'found in lexicalised stems' but 'not actively used in word construction today' -- given no citation form, no worked example, and explicit non-productive status in the source, these are recorded here in prose only rather than given their own (necessarily example-free) entries.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷qqa-, intr., være i en tilstand af at have/være vb-et' ('be in a state of having/being Vb'ed'), with example matoqqavoq ('it is closed', from matuvoq, 'it closes') and a note that some agentive stems instead get a passive-stative reading (matoqqavoq itself illustrating this: 'there is closed' rather than a plain resultative). Bjornum2012 independently and strongly corroborates with its own dedicated '-qqavoq v-v er i tilstand af' ('is in the state of') entry, giving the IDENTICAL matoqqavoq example, and explicitly confirms AITWG-Affixes' own -ŋa/ma claim: 'det eneste produktive affiks af en gruppe med samme betydning, jf. -mavoq og -ngavoq' ('the only productive affix of a group with the same meaning, cf. -mavoq and -ngavoq') -- a genuine three-source convergence on both the affix's core meaning and its relationship to the two archaic alternatives." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is in a state of having ___-ed", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is in a state of having {{verb:past}}", "past": "{{Actor}} is in a state of having {{verb:past}}" }, "da": "nogen er i en tilstand af at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be in a state of ___-ing (stative/resultative); with some agentive stems marks a passive-stative reading instead", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er i en tilstand af at gøre det", "da_short": "nogen er i en tilstand af at ___", "composition": { "da": "nogen er i en tilstand af at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "matoqqavoq", "natural": "it is closed (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from matuvoq, 'it closes')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -qqavoq" ], "id": "V_qqa_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qqajaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is about to Vb; is almost Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqajaa", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own headword line groups two related citation forms under one shared gloss, V{qqajaa}V/V{qqajaq}V, -qqajaavoq/-qqajarpoq, noting 'the two forms have similar meanings' -- combined here as one entry, matching the same source-driven combining precedent already used for N_giit_N/N_nnaq_N.", "Nielsen2012 independently attests both variants under separate but adjacent headwords in §5.3.3.1: '÷qqajaa-, befinde sig i en situation hvor man er lige ved at vb-e' ('be in a situation where one is about to Vb', a variant of ÷qqajar- extended for duration) and '÷qqajar-, være lige ved at vb-e' ('be about to Vb'), with examples kukkoqqajaavoq ('he was about to make a mistake', from kukkuvoq, 'he makes a mistake') and qalaqqajarpoq ('it is about to boil', from qalappoq, 'it boils')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is about to ___; is almost ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "is about to {{verb}}" }, "da": "er ved at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be about to ___; almost ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "er ved at gøre det", "da_short": "er ved at ___", "composition": { "en": "be about to ___; almost ___-ing", "da": "er ved at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qalaqqajarpoq", "natural": "it is about to boil (Nielsen2012's example, from qalappoq, 'it boils')" }, { "surface": "kukkoqqajaavoq", "natural": "he was about to make a mistake (Nielsen2012's example, from kukkuvoq, 'he makes a mistake')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "id": "V_qqajaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qcaare_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A is in the middle of Vb'ing P", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rsaare", "notes": [ "Bracket qcaarə (ə->e); citation -rsaaraa includes the transitive 3sg>3sg ending -aa, so the bare affix root itself is modeled as -rsaare here (stripping only the person-marking -a, not the full '-aa' where ambiguous with the stem's own final vowel).", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific root; this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes alone. This is one of only four Ch7 headwords AITWG-Affixes itself cites in a transitive (rather than intransitive DAKA) form -- see also V_ruluuq_Vb above and V_juqtuq_Vb/V_juraq_Vb below -- consistent with the chapter's own introductory remark that these modifiers do not change valency and may equally appear on transitive stems." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_qcaare_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} is in the middle of ___-ing {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen er midt i at gøre det ved nogen", "verb_phrase": "be in the middle of ___-ing {{Patient}}", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er midt i at gøre det ved nogen", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is in the middle of {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} is in the middle of {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er midt i at ___ ved nogen", "composition": { "en": "be in the middle of ___-ing {{Patient}}", "da": "nogen er midt i at ___ ved nogen" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example beyond the bare citation form; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40" ], "id": "V_qcaare_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_riiqsima_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "has already Vb'ed (perfective; may also carry an evidential 'apparently' nuance when the speaker infers rather than directly observes the action)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-reersima", "notes": [ "Bracket -riiqsima; citation -reersimavoq shows ii->ee (old/new orthography) and q->r weakening. A lexicalized combination of the affix underlying V{-riiq}V (a 'finish Vb-ing' component, not independently modeled as its own entry in this batch) with this repo's own V_sima_Vb (below).", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13 independently attests the finishing-affix component alone, '÷reer-, +Tareer- (Sydgrønland), perfektiv: være færdig med at vb-e; har allerede vb-et' ('be finished Vb-ing; has already Vb'ed'), with example takoreerpaa ('he has seen it', from takuaa, 'he sees it') -- corroborating the -reer- component's own meaning and productivity, though not the full -riiqsima compound as a single citation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has already ___-ed", "da": "har allerede gjort det", "verb_phrase": "have already ___-ed", "da_verb_phrase": "har allerede gjort det", "en_short": { "default": "has already {{verb:past}}", "past": "has already {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "har allerede gjort det", "composition": { "en": "have already ___-ed", "da": "har allerede ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takoreerpaa", "natural": "he has seen it (Nielsen2012's example of the -reer- component alone, from takuaa, 'he sees it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.40", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13" ], "id": "V_riiqsima_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_riiqnekuu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "has already Vb'ed (perfective; per AITWG-Affixes, may be less ambiguous than V_riiqsima_Vb above)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_riiqnekuu_Vb:e84c8aff48f3", "items": [ { "text": "has already Vb'ed (perfective; per AITWG-Affixes, may be less ambiguous than V_riiqsima_Vb above)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.41" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-reernikuu", "notes": [ "Bracket riiqnəkuu; citation -reernikuuvoq shows ii->ee and ə->i; a lexicalized combination of the same -riiq- ('finish') component as V_riiqsima_Vb, but combined with V_nekuu_Vb (above) instead of V_sima_Vb.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific full compound; this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes alone (though its two component affixes, -riiq- and -nekuu-, are independently attested separately -- see V_riiqsima_Vb and V_nekuu_Vb above)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has already ___-ed", "da": "har allerede gjort det", "en_short": { "default": "has already {{verb:past}}", "past": "has already {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "har allerede gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example beyond the bare citation form; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.41" ], "id": "V_riiqnekuu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_simaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S feels well after having Vb'ed (a continuing state)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+simaar", "notes": [ "Bracket simaaq; citation +simaarpoq shows q->r weakening; built on the same sima root as V_sima_Vb above, with an extended 'and feels good about it' sense.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13 independently attests the identical root, cross-listed as '+simaar- 2, befinde sig godt efter at have vb-et' ('be well off after having Vb'ed'), with example sinissimaarpoq ('he is refreshed after a good night's sleep', from sinippoq, 'he sleeps')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} feels well after having ___-ed (a continuing state)", "da": "nogen har det godt efter at have gjort det", "verb_phrase": "feel well after having ___-ed (a continuing state)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen har det godt efter at have gjort det", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} feels well after having {{verb:past}}", "past": "{{Actor}} feels well after having {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "nogen har det godt efter at have gjort det", "composition": { "da": "nogen har det godt efter at have ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sinissimaarpoq", "natural": "he is refreshed after a good night's sleep (Nielsen2012's example, from sinippoq, 'he sleeps')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.41", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13" ], "id": "V_simaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ssaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "has stopped Vb'ing; Vb's no longer" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssaar", "notes": [ "Bracket ssaaq; citation -ssaarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷ssaar-, ÷ssaarneru-, er holdt op med at vb-e' ('has stopped Vb-ing'), with example nerissaarpoq ('he has stopped eating', from nerivoq, 'he eats')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has stopped ___-ing; ___-s no longer", "en_short": { "default": "has stopped {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "has stopped {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "er holdt op med at gøre det; gør det ikke længere", "da_short": "er holdt op med at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerissaarpoq", "natural": "he has stopped eating (Nielsen2012's example, from nerivoq, 'he eats')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.41", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13" ], "id": "V_ssaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_yumaarnertu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is slow to Vb; takes a long time to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+jumaarnertu", "notes": [ "Bracket yumaaqnəqtu (y respelled j, matching the citation's own spelling; q->r; ə->e); a lexicalized combination visibly built on this repo's own V_nertu_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, '-nertu', 'Vb's greatly/is inclined to').", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific full compound; this entry rests on AITWG-Affixes alone. AITWG-Affixes itself lists V_yumaataaq_Vb (below) as a near-synonymous separate headword. MOFO independently catalogs this full combination as V{yumaaqnəqtu}V and cites Kleinschmidt, Schultz-Lorentzen and Oqaatsit; Nielsen's similar long-delay entry is V{jumaataaq}V, not this compound, so it does not settle its analysis." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is slow to ___; takes a long time to ___", "en_short": { "default": "is slow to {{verb}}" }, "da": "er langsom til at gøre det; bruger lang tid på at gøre det", "da_short": "er langsom til at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example beyond the bare citation form; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.41", "MOFO:vv/yumaaqnəqtu" ], "id": "V_yumaarnertu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_yumaataaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is slow to Vb; takes a long time to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+jumaataar", "notes": [ "Bracket yumaataaq (y respelled j; q->r weakening); a near-synonym of V_yumaarnertu_Vb above, kept as a separate entry per AITWG-Affixes' own separate bolded headword.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.9 independently attests the identical root, cross-listed as '+jumaataar-, +kumaataar- efter konsonant; vare længe før/efter sbj vb-er' ('take a long time before/after the subject Vb's'), with example naajumaataarpoq ('it takes a long time to grow', from naavoq, 'it grows')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is slow to ___; takes a long time to ___", "en_short": { "default": "is slow to {{verb}}" }, "da": "er langsom til at gøre det; bruger lang tid på at gøre det", "da_short": "er langsom til at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naajumaataarpoq", "natural": "it takes a long time to grow (Nielsen2012's example, from naavoq, 'it grows')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.41", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.9" ], "id": "V_yumaataaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_junnaiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb's no more; Vb's no longer" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "+junnaar", "i": "+unnaar", "u": "+junnaar" }, "underlying_form": "+junnaar", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +junnaarpoq explicitly conditions the vowel-stem onsets on a/u versus i. The map encodes that independently cited split. Consonant-host variants remain in the existing source note; no class mapping is inferred from their citation strings.", "Bracket yunnaiq (y respelled j, matching the citation's own spelling); citation +junnaarpoq shows the bracket's /ai/ diphthong simplifying to /aa/, plus q->r weakening -- a genuine bracket/citation divergence, not merely q->r.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text describes a truncative variant, V{-gunnaiq}V, 'truncative on all stems, even q-stems' (e.g. erserpoq -> ersigunnaarpoq, 'there's heavy snowfall', where erser- itself is unusual), with AITWG-Affixes itself uncertain whether the two forms are freely interchangeable or whether -gunnaiq is restricted to a few lexicalized stems -- recorded here in prose only rather than as a separate entry, since it is presented as a variant of this same affix (per the source's own 'a variant of this affix') and its own truncative-on-q-stems behavior is a real but narrowly-scoped fact that would risk overclaiming boundary_behavior for the whole affix family if asserted here.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '+junnaannar- [transcribed as +junnaarpoq in the headword line], ikke mere; ikke længere' ('no more; no longer'), with examples asajunnaarpaa ('no longer loves him', from asavaa, 'he loves him') and neriunnaarpoq ('is done eating', from nerivoq, 'he eats') -- the second illustrating a further i-conditioned allomorph (+unnaarpoq after /i/) not mentioned by AITWG-Affixes. Bjornum2012 independently and fully corroborates with its own dedicated four-allomorph entry ('+junnaarpoq efter a/u, +unnaarpoq efter i, -runnaarpoq ved r-stammen, +kunnaarpoq ved konsonantstammen v-v ikke mere; ikke længere'), giving asajunnaarpaa and siallerunnaarpoq ('it has stopped raining') as its own examples -- a genuine three-source convergence, and Bjornum2012's own -runnaarpoq r-stem allomorph is itself worth noting alongside AITWG-Affixes' separately-described -gunnaiq truncative variant, though the two do not obviously describe the identical environment (r-stem vs. 'all stems, even q-stems') and are not conflated here.", "Exact modern ersigunnaarpoq rows mean no longer visible/obscure. AITWG-Affixes:p.41 separately gives heavy snowfall as a weather-context example. Preserve that source-bound idiom without substituting it for every dictionary occurrence or licensing a general -gunnaiq attachment map." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___-s no more; ___-s no longer", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb}} no more", "third_singular": "{{verb:3sg}} no more" }, "da": "gør det ikke mere; gør det ikke længere", "da_short": "___ ikke mere", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "neriunnaarpoq", "natural": "he has finished eating (Bjornum2012 K9§6 s.v. +junnaarpoq)" }, { "surface": "asajunnaarpaa", "natural": "he no longer loves him (Nielsen2012's/Bjornum2012's shared example, from asavaa, 'he loves him')" }, { "surface": "ersigunnaarpoq", "natural": "there's heavy snowfall (AITWG-Affixes' own example of the -gunnaiq truncative variant, from erserpoq, 'the weather clears up' -- an idiomatic/lexicalized use, not a compositional one)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.41", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +junnaarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ersigunnaarpoq#e3244", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ersigunnaarpoq#e3145" ], "id": "V_junnaiq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_tare_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "usually, habitually Vb's (per AITWG-Affixes, probably a more literary-style variant of the existing V_tar_Vb)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_tare_Vb:2e9103bf3191", "items": [ { "text": "usually, habitually Vb's (per AITWG-Affixes, probably a more literary-style variant of the existing V_tar_Vb)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3", "AITWG:§3.1", "Ordbogi1977:-:taraaq#e10090", "Oqaatsit1997:-:taraaq#e17511", "Ordbogi1977:-saraaq#e9138", "Oqaatsit1997:-saraaq#e15867" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+ðarə", "search_forms": [ "+taraaq", "+saraaq" ], "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "+garə" }, "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42 gives the phonemic stem {ðarə}, not the complete inflected citation +taraaq. AITWG:§3.1 supplies the variable initial consonant; retain citation spellings as search forms. Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 explicitly gives +g- after -r-, encoded only for the declared verbal uvular_final_stem class; no class is inferred from spelling alone.", "The final schwa fuses with the following indicative ending vowel in the independently printed anisaraaq (Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3; Ordbogi1977:-saraaq#e9138; Oqaatsit1997:-saraaq#e15867). Declare schwa_vowel_fusion for this affix only; this does not establish unrestricted fusion for every schwa-final stem or every ending.", "AITWG-Affixes explicitly frames this as a stylistic variant of the existing V_tar_Vb entry ('probably a more literary style affix than V{ðaq}V'); kept as its own entry per its own separate bolded headword and distinct underlying form.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 independently attests the identical root, cross-listed as '+Tarə-, pleje gerne at vb-e; litterær stil; +g- efter -r-' ('be in the habit of gladly Vb-ing; literary style; +g- after -r-'), with example anisaraaq ('he usually likes to go out', from anivoq, 'he goes out') -- directly corroborating AITWG-Affixes' own 'literary style' characterization.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Karaaq#e9722 independently describes habitual action, historical class-dependent consonants and alternatives. This corroborates the lexical description, not a new modern selector from those class labels." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "usually ___-s; habitually ___-s", "da": "gør det normalt; gør det sædvanligvis", "verb_phrase": "usually ___; habitually ___", "da_verb_phrase": "gør det normalt; gør det sædvanligvis", "en_short": { "default": "usually {{verb}}; habitually {{verb}}", "third_singular": "usually {{verb:3sg}}; habitually {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "___ normalt; ___ sædvanligvis", "composition": { "en": "usually ___; habitually ___", "da": "___ normalt; ___ sædvanligvis" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anisaraaq", "natural": "he usually likes to go out (Nielsen2012's example, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3", "AITWG:§3.1", "Ordbogi1977:-:taraaq#e10090", "Oqaatsit1997:-:taraaq#e17511", "Ordbogi1977:-saraaq#e9138", "Oqaatsit1997:-saraaq#e15867", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Karaaq#e9722" ], "id": "V_tare_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_neqajuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "never Vb (a two-word construction -- the deverbal nominalizer -neq plus the negative-existential verb ajorpoq, 'is wrong/bad' -- that AITWG-Affixes explicitly says 'should be regarded as a single affix' because it preserves the base stem's own valency (a divalent base keeps its transitive ending on V{nəq ajuq}V itself)", "valency": "ambitransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_neqajuq_Vb:b8c628c5eddf", "items": [ { "text": "never Vb (a two-word construction -- the deverbal nominalizer -neq plus the negative-existential verb ajorpoq, 'is wrong/bad' -- that AITWG-Affixes explicitly says 'should be regarded as a single affix' because it preserves the base stem's own valency (a divalent base keeps its transitive ending on V{nəq ajuq}V itself)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-neq ajuq", "notes": [ "This is the special replacement construction AITWG-Affixes gives for negating the existing V_tar_Vb ('habitually Vb's') to mean 'never Vb's', rather than simply negating V_tar_Vb with V{ŋŋit}V (which would only mean 'doesn't habitually Vb', still allowing occasional occurrence). AITWG-Affixes' own worked example: kaffisortarpunga ('I habitually drink coffee') vs. kaffisorneq ajorpunga ('I never drink coffee') -- note the surface change from -tarpunga to the -neq-ajuq construction, not a simple negation suffix on -tar-.", "underlying_form/boundary_behavior model only the -neq nominalizer's own attachment (additive, matching this repo's established treatment of deverbal -neq elsewhere, e.g. N_mineq_N's own -neq component); ajuq itself is a separate lexical verb stem ('is bad/wrong'), not modeled as part of this affix's own sandhi.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3, in its own V_tar_Vb entry ('+Tar- 1'), independently corroborates the identical construction and worked example almost verbatim: 'Plejer ikke at vb-e kan hedde {+Tanngit-} og {+neq} ajor-... kaffisortarpunga, jeg plejer at drikke kaffe; kaffisorneq ajorpunga, jeg drikker ikke kaffe' -- directly confirming both AITWG-Affixes' construction and its contrast with the simple V{ŋŋit}V negation." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_neqajuq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "never ___", "verb_phrase": "never ___", "da_verb_phrase": "gør det aldrig", "da": "gør det aldrig", "en_short": { "default": "never {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "___ aldrig", "composition": { "en": "never ___", "da": "___ aldrig" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kaffisortarpunga", "natural": "I habitually drink coffee (baseline, via the existing V_tar_Vb entry)" }, { "surface": "kaffisorneq ajorpunga", "natural": "I never drink coffee (AITWG-Affixes' own example and Nielsen2012's independently attested near-identical example, the V{nəq ajuq}V construction replacing V_tar_Vb rather than merely negating it)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "id": "V_neqajuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_tainnaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb often/all the time" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+ðaannar", "search_forms": [ "+taannar" ], "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42 declares initial variable ð in V{ðainnaq}V. Preserve that onset with the modern citation tail -aannar- from +taannarpoq; AITWG:§3.1 Definition 3.1 determines t after consonants and s (phonemic c) after vowels. This mixed notation does not assert a general ai-to-aa rule. Kleinschmidt1871:.Taannarpoq#e10017 independently prints takusaannarpara (I see him continually/very often), corroborating the vowel-host variant.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific root under this citation form; AITWG-Affixes and the cited Kleinschmidt row support this entry, without claiming corroboration from those two grammars." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ often; to ___ all the time", "da": "at gøre det ofte; at gøre det hele tiden", "verb_phrase": "___ often; ___ all the time", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det ofte; at gøre det hele tiden", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} often; to {{verb}} all the time", "third_singular": "to {{verb:3sg}} often; to {{verb:3sg}} all the time" }, "da_short": "at ___ ofte; at ___ hele tiden", "composition": { "en": "___ often; ___ all the time", "da": "at ___ ofte; at ___ hele tiden" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "AITWG:§3.1", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Taannarpoq#e10017" ], "id": "V_tainnaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_gajuk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb often/habitually" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+gajup", "notes": [ "Bracket gajuk; citation +gajuppoq shows k+p -> pp assimilation.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '+gajug-, vb-e ofte, være tilbøjelig til at vb-e' ('Vb often, be inclined to Vb'), noting it was Fabricius' (an 18th-century source) normally-only affix for this meaning, with example suligajuppoq ('he works often', from sulivoq, 'he works')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ often; to ___ habitually", "da": "at gøre det ofte; at gøre det som vane", "verb_phrase": "___ often; ___ habitually", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det ofte; at gøre det som vane", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} often; to {{verb}} habitually" }, "da_short": "at ___ ofte; at ___ som vane", "composition": { "en": "___ often; ___ habitually", "da": "at ___ ofte; at ___ som vane" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "suligajuppoq", "natural": "he works often (Nielsen2012's example, from sulivoq, 'he works')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "id": "V_gajuk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_juaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb continuously/constantly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+juar", "notes": [ "Bracket Juaq: AITWG-Affixes' own text flags a genuinely idiosyncratic sound rule for this affix's initial consonant, unique (per the source's own claim, 'as far as I know, the only example of a /j/ displaying this behaviour') among affixes in this chapter: /J/ becomes /t/ after a consonant (giving +tuarpoq) but stays /j/ after a vowel (giving +juarpoq) -- i.e. /CJ/ -> /Ct/, /VJ/ -> /Vj/. This is described in prose only; no existing left_sandhi enum value models this specific rule, and forcing one (e.g. left_sandhi:default, or a truncative/replacive value) would misrepresent it as an ordinary sandhi pattern rather than the source's own explicitly-flagged unique exception.", "AITWG-Affixes' own text also lists two further dictionary-attested combination forms built on this same /J/-hardening rule, both used here as notes rather than separate entries (neither carries the 'regard as its own affix' framing Ch7 gives V{nəq ajuq}V): V{Juainnaq}V, +juaannarpoq/+tuaannarpoq ('Vb always/continually') and V{Juaqsinnaq}V, +juarsinnarpoq/+tuarsinnarpoq ('Vb all the time; again and again').", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4 independently attests all three forms: '+juar-, +tuar- efter konsonant, vb-e uafbrudt, stadig, altid' ('Vb uninterrupted, constant, always', uujuarpoq 'he always burns himself'), '+juaannar-, vb-e altid, hele tiden' ('Vb always, all the time', suliuaannarpoq 'he always works' -- matching this entry's own Juainnaq combination note), and '+juarsinnar-, variant af +juar- med forstærket udtryk for kontinuation, mest i litterær stil' ('variant of +juar- with intensified continuation, mostly literary style', nasseriuarsinnarpoq 'he has persistent stomach pain' -- matching this entry's own Juaqsinnaq combination note).", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +juaannarpoq explicitly records the combination +juaannarpoq after a/u vowel stems, +uaannarpoq after i, and +tuaannarpoq after r/consonant stems, with the always/all-the-time meaning. AITWG-Affixes:p.42 independently identifies V{Juainnaq}V as a combination of this family. These citations bind the combination to this existing owner for documentation; they do not turn every surface variant into an independent suffix or approve a new executable allomorph selector." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ continuously; to ___ constantly", "da": "at gøre det uafbrudt; at gøre det konstant", "verb_phrase": "___ continuously; ___ constantly", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det uafbrudt; at gøre det konstant", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} continuously; to {{verb}} constantly" }, "da_short": "at ___ uafbrudt; at ___ konstant", "composition": { "en": "___ continuously; ___ constantly", "da": "at ___ uafbrudt; at ___ konstant" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uujuarpoq", "natural": "he always burns himself (Nielsen2012's example, from uuvoq, 'he burns himself')" }, { "surface": "suliuaannarpoq", "natural": "he always works (Nielsen2012's example illustrating the Juainnaq combination, from sulivoq, 'he works')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +juaannarpoq" ], "id": "V_juaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_juqtuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A Vb's all the Ps, one after another (only makes sense with the Patient marker in the plural)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_juqtuq_Vb:d9749b625a90", "items": [ { "text": "A Vb's all the Ps, one after another (only makes sense with the Patient marker in the plural)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-jortor", "notes": [ "Bracket -juqtuq; citation -jortorpai (a transitive form, patient plural per the source's own restriction) shows u->o and q->r weakening.", "AITWG-Affixes itself lists V_juraq_Vb (below) as a separately-headworded near-synonym with the identical gloss and the identical plural-patient restriction -- kept as two entries per the source's own separate presentation, matching the N_kkataaq_N/N_kkallak_N precedent.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11 independently lists -jortor-, transitive, acting on the objects successively, with paasiortorpai from paasivaa. This supports the existing plural-patient sense without conflating the separately listed intransitive -jortui-. The vowel change in paasiortorpai is attested; no unrestricted onset rule is inferred from one host." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_juqtuq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} ___-s all of them, one after another", "da": "nogen gør det ved dem alle, en efter en", "verb_phrase": "___-s all the Ps, one after another (only makes sense with the {{Patient}} marker in the plural)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det ved dem alle, en efter en", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}} all the Ps, one after another", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}} all the Ps, one after another" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ ved dem alle, en efter en", "composition": { "da": "nogen ___ ved dem alle, en efter en" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "paasiortorpai", "natural": "he gradually understands all of it (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.11)" } ], "note": "The worked example is independently attested in Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "id": "V_juqtuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_juraq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A Vb's all the Ps, one after another (only makes sense with the Patient marker in the plural)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_juraq_Vb:cd0ea8cc0c02", "items": [ { "text": "A Vb's all the Ps, one after another (only makes sense with the Patient marker in the plural)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11", "Oqaatsit1997:-jorarpai#e5589" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-jorar", "notes": [ "Bracket -juraq; citation -jorarpai (transitive, patient plural, same restriction as V_juqtuq_Vb) shows u->o and q->r weakening. A near-synonym of V_juqtuq_Vb above, kept as a separate entry per AITWG-Affixes' own separate bolded headword.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11 independently attests a closely related pair of roots, '÷jorar-/÷joqqar-, tr., obj. altid plur.; vb-e obj efterhånden, vb-e obj én efter én' ('Vb the object gradually, one after another; object always plural'), with example angujorarpai ('he catches up with them one after another', from anguai, 'he catches up with them') -- an exact root match (jorar-) with a near-identical plural-patient restriction, though Nielsen's own gloss leans toward 'gradually/one after another' (§5.3.3.11 'more and more') rather than AITWG-Affixes' §7.4 'frequency' framing; cited as corroborating the root and its plural-object restriction, not as an exact subsection-level match." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_juraq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} ___-s all of them, one after another", "da": "nogen gør det ved dem alle, en efter en", "verb_phrase": "___-s all the Ps, one after another (only makes sense with the {{Patient}} marker in the plural)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det ved dem alle, en efter en", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}} all the Ps, one after another", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}} all the Ps, one after another" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ ved dem alle, en efter en", "composition": { "da": "nogen ___ ved dem alle, en efter en" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angujorarpai", "natural": "he catches up with them one after another (Nielsen2012's example, from anguai, 'he catches up with them')" }, { "surface": "nivinngajorarpai", "natural": "he hangs them up one after another (Oqaatsit1997:-jorarpai#e5589)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11", "Oqaatsit1997:-jorarpai#e5589" ], "id": "V_juraq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_kulaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb often/habitually" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kula", "notes": [ "Bracket -kula(q): AITWG-Affixes' own text says forms with or without the final /aq/ (-kula vs. -kulaaq) 'can seemingly be used interchangeably' -- the shorter -kula form (without the optional /aq/) is used here as underlying_form; the -kulaaq variant is recorded as a documented allomorph rather than a separate entry.", "Nielsen2012 independently attests both variants as two adjacent headwords in §5.3.3.3: '÷kula-, vb-e ofte' ('Vb often', orlukulavoq 'he falls often') and '÷kulaar-, vb-e ofte, hyppigt, med små mellemrum' ('Vb often, frequently, at short intervals', nerikulaarpoq 'he eats often') -- directly corroborating AITWG-Affixes' own claim that the two forms are near-interchangeable variants of one affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ often; to ___ habitually", "da": "at gøre det ofte; at gøre det som vane", "verb_phrase": "___ often; ___ habitually", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det ofte; at gøre det som vane", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} often; to {{verb}} habitually" }, "da_short": "at ___ ofte; at ___ som vane", "composition": { "en": "___ often; ___ habitually", "da": "at ___ ofte; at ___ som vane" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "orlukulavoq", "natural": "he falls often (Nielsen2012's example, from orluvoq, 'he falls')" }, { "surface": "nerikulaarpoq", "natural": "he eats often (Nielsen2012's example of the -kulaaq variant, from nerivoq, 'he eats')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "id": "V_kulaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_llattiaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb briefly/for a short while" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llatsiar", "notes": [ "Bracket llattiaq; citation -llatsiarpoq shows tt->ts and q->r weakening.", "Oqaatsit1997:-llatsiarpoq#e7086 directly lists the exact citation form with anillatsiarpoq, oqallatsiarpoq, and takkutillatsiarpoq (briefly out; speaks a few words; appears for a moment). Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.6 independently gives a near-identical short-duration entry and sulillatsiarpoq; the exact relation to AITWG-Affixes' bracket llattiaq analysis remains unverified." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ briefly; to ___ for a short while", "da": "at gøre det kort; at gøre det i et lille stykke tid", "verb_phrase": "___ briefly; ___ for a short while", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det kort; at gøre det i et lille stykke tid", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} briefly; to {{verb}} for a short while" }, "da_short": "at ___ kort; at ___ i et lille stykke tid", "composition": { "en": "___ briefly; ___ for a short while", "da": "at ___ kort; at ___ i et lille stykke tid" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example. Oqaatsit1997 provides directly matched examples under the exact -llatsiarpoq row; citation forms are listed without extending the documented short-duration sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "takkutillatsiarpoq", "natural": "appears for a moment (Oqaatsit1997's direct example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Oqaatsit1997:-llatsiarpoq#e7086" ], "id": "V_llattiaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_llattaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb from time to time" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llattaar", "notes": [ "Bracket llattaaq; citation -llattaarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷llattaar-, vb-e af og til' ('Vb from time to time'), with example isillattaarpoq ('he came in from time to time', from iserpoq, 'he comes in')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ from time to time", "da": "at gøre det fra tid til anden", "verb_phrase": "___ from time to time", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det fra tid til anden", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} from time to time" }, "da_short": "at ___ fra tid til anden", "composition": { "en": "___ from time to time", "da": "at ___ fra tid til anden" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isillattaarpoq", "natural": "he came in from time to time (Nielsen2012's example, from iserpoq, 'he comes in')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "id": "V_llattaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_llatuaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb for once" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llatuar", "notes": [ "Bracket llatuaq; citation -llatuarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2 independently attests the identical root, cross-listed as '÷llatuar-, vb-e for en gangs skyld, endelig; se også ÷tuar-' ('Vb for once, finally; see also ÷tuar-'), with example ajugaallatuarpoq ('he finally won, for once', from ajugaavoq, 'he wins') -- Nielsen also cross-references the related root ÷tuar- (matching this repo's own V_tuaq_Vb below)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ for once", "da": "at gøre det for en gangs skyld", "verb_phrase": "___ for once", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det for en gangs skyld", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} for once" }, "da_short": "at ___ for en gangs skyld", "composition": { "en": "___ for once", "da": "at ___ for en gangs skyld" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ajugaallatuarpoq", "natural": "he finally won, for once (Nielsen2012's example, from ajugaavoq, 'he wins')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.2" ], "id": "V_llatuaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_mmiqsuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb for a long time; for quite some time" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-mmersor", "notes": [ "Bracket mmiqsuq; citation -mmersorpoq shows iq->er, su->so, and q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.9 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷mmersor-, vb-e længe, i et stykke tid' ('Vb for a long time, for a while'), with example inuummersorpoq ('he lives long', from inuuvoq, 'he lives')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ for a long time; for quite some time", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} for a long time" }, "da": "at gøre det i lang tid", "verb_phrase": "___ for a long time; for quite some time", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det i lang tid", "da_short": "at ___ i lang tid", "composition": { "en": "___ for a long time; for quite some time", "da": "at ___ i lang tid" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inuummersorpoq", "natural": "he lives long (Nielsen2012's example, from inuuvoq, 'he lives')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.9" ], "id": "V_mmiqsuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ngisainnaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "never Vb's (a possible alternative to the V_neqajuq_Vb construction above for expressing 'never')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngisaannar", "notes": [ "Bracket ŋŋisainnaq; citation -nngisaannarpoq shows q->r weakening; built on the negation root ŋŋit plus V_innaq_Vb (this repo's own merged entry above).", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this exact compound under this citation form (Nielsen2012 does have a semantically adjacent but formally distinct '+juit-, aldrig vb-e' entry in §5.3.2.5, 'never Vb', e.g. mulujuippoq 'he is never away for long' -- a different root, juit- not ŋŋisainnaq-, expressing the same 'never' meaning by a different means; not cited as corroboration of this specific affix to avoid conflating two different morphemes with the same gloss)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "never ___-s", "da": "gør det aldrig", "verb_phrase": "never ___-s", "da_verb_phrase": "gør det aldrig", "en_short": { "default": "never {{verb}}", "third_singular": "never {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "___ aldrig", "composition": { "en": "never ___-s", "da": "___ aldrig" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG-Affixes gives no worked example for this entry; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.42" ], "id": "V_ngisainnaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qattaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb again and again" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qattaar", "notes": [ "Bracket -qattaaq; citation -qattaarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷qattaar-, vb-e igen og igen, hele tiden' ('Vb again and again, all the time'), with example uteqattaarpoq ('he keeps coming back', from uterpoq, 'he returns'), and separately notes a further intensified variant, ÷Taqattaar- ('unisaqattaarpoq', 'it kept stalling')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ again and again", "da": "at gøre det igen og igen", "verb_phrase": "___ again and again", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det igen og igen", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} again and again" }, "da_short": "at ___ igen og igen", "composition": { "en": "___ again and again", "da": "at ___ igen og igen" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uteqattaarpoq", "natural": "he keeps coming back (Nielsen2012's example, from uterpoq, 'he returns')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.43", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "id": "V_qattaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qcuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "repeated action (per AITWG-Affixes, probably not commonly used in ordinary word construction today, but found in many lexicalized words)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qcuq_Vb:25fb39e7d722", "items": [ { "text": "repeated action (per AITWG-Affixes, probably not commonly used in ordinary word construction today, but found in many lexicalized words)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.43", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+(r)sor", "notes": [ "Bracket (q)cuq; citation +(r)sorpoq shows qc->rs, u->o, and q->r weakening.", "AITWG-Affixes' own worked example shows this affix removing a preceding schwa in a lexicalized form: {apirə}V -> aperaa ('A asks P something'), but combined with this affix, {apiqcuq}V -> apersorpaa ('A questions P') -- the schwa of apirə is deleted before this affix attaches, rather than surfacing as its usual 'e'. This is a real, source-attested schwa-deletion fact about a specific lexicalized combination, but it is not asserted as this entry's own left_sandhi:schwa_deletion value, since it is shown on only one lexicalized example rather than as a general rule for this affix, and AITWG-Affixes itself frames the affix as no-longer-productive.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11 independently attests the same root's transitive sense, '÷jortor-, tr., vb-e obj efterhånden' ('Vb the object gradually'), with example paasiortorpai ('he gradually understands it all', from paasivaa, 'he understands it') -- Nielsen's gloss leans toward 'gradually' (its own §5.3.3.11 'more and more' subsection) rather than AITWG-Affixes' §7.4 'repeated action' framing; cited as corroborating the root, not as an exact semantic match, similar to V_riaq_Vb's own treatment above.", "IDENTITY QUESTION, unresolved (jandahl/oq#375 research pass): Bjornum2012:K9§6 carries a second, distinct v-v headword -- '+torpoq (ved r-stammen og konsonantstammen) / +sorpoq (ved vokalstammen, efter -uppaa, efter i₁ og i nogle få tilfælde)', glossed 'noget med mange' ('something with many/much') -- whose lexicalized-lexicon framing and broad, non-productive character plausibly match this entry's own AITWG-Affixes description ('probably not commonly used... today, but found in many lexicalised words'). But Bjornum2012 models the alternation as an affix-INITIAL t/s split keyed by host class (r-stem/consonant-stem -> t-, vowel-stem -> s-), not this entry's own r-epenthesis account (+(r)sor, q->r weakening) -- and Bjornum2012's own lexicalized examples directly contradict its own stated productive rule (akilersorpaa, from akilerpaa 'betaler det', an R-STEM host, nonetheless takes '-sor-', not the '-tor-' the rule would predict for an r-stem). Not treated as confirmed identity with this entry, and not used to populate allomorphs: if the owner later affirms these are the same affix, the fix is an underlying_form-level remodel (an affix-initial t/s alternation, not an epenthetic-r one), not an allomorphs edit on the current model." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "repeated action", "da": "gentagen handling", "verb_phrase": "repeated action", "da_verb_phrase": "gentagen handling", "en_short": { "default": "repeated action" }, "da_short": "gentagen handling", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "apersorpaa", "natural": "A questions P (AITWG-Affixes' own example, from {apirə}V -> aperaa, 'A asks P something', illustrating the schwa-deletion described above)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.43", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "id": "V_qcuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_tuaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb for once/at least" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tuar", "notes": [ "Bracket -tuaq; citation -tuarpoq shows q->r weakening.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷tuar-, for en gangs skyld vb-e, vb-e én eneste gang; se også ÷llatuar-' ('Vb for once, Vb a single time; see also ÷llatuar-', matching this repo's own V_llatuaq_Vb above), with example oqatuarpoq ('he only said something once', from oqarpoq, 'he says something')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ for once; to ___ for at least", "da": "at gøre det for en gangs skyld; at gøre det for en gangs i det mindste", "verb_phrase": "___ for once; ___ for at least", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det for en gangs skyld; at gøre det for en gangs i det mindste", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} for once; to {{verb}} for at least" }, "da_short": "at ___ for en gangs skyld; at ___ for en gangs i det mindste", "composition": { "en": "___ for once; ___ for at least", "da": "at ___ for en gangs skyld; at ___ for en gangs i det mindste" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oqatuarpoq", "natural": "he only said something once (Nielsen2012's example, from oqarpoq, 'he says something')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.43", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "id": "V_tuaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_umicaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb back and forth; up and down" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-amisaar", "i": "-imisaar", "u": "-umisaar", "aa": "-jumisaar", "ii": "-jumisaar", "uu": "-jumisaar" }, "underlying_form": "-umisaar", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 explicitly gives vowel copying after a single vowel and -jumisaar- after a doubled vowel. The onset map separates these axes; the long-vowel keys take precedence over their single-vowel counterparts. tarriimisaarpoq, qaffaamisaarpoq and ittuujumisaarpoq attest the i, a and long-vowel cases alongside tunuumisaarpoq.", "Bracket -umicaaq, with a variant -V micaaq (italic-V vowel-copying placeholder, the same convention as V_umi_Vb/V_ummiq_Vb above) that just lengthens the preceding vowel. Citation -umisaarpoq (representative; also -amisaarpoq, -imisaarpoq per the stem's own vowel) shows c->s.", "Genuinely distinct from V_umi_Vb (§7.1, 'Vb's a little') and V_ummiq_Vb (§7.2, 'becomes suddenly Vb'ing') despite the shared -umi- substring; not conflated.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3 independently attests the identical root and gloss, '÷umisaar-, vb-e frem og tilbage, med mellemrum' ('Vb back and forth, at intervals'), with example tunuumisaarpoq ('he keeps turning his back and turning around again', from tunuppoq, 'he turns his back'), and independently notes the same vowel-copying allomorphy AITWG-Affixes describes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ back and forth; up and down", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} back and forth" }, "da": "at gøre det frem og tilbage; op og ned", "verb_phrase": "___ back and forth; up and down", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det frem og tilbage; op og ned", "da_short": "at ___ frem og tilbage", "composition": { "en": "___ back and forth; up and down", "da": "at ___ frem og tilbage; op og ned" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tarriimisaarpoq", "natural": "he disappears behind something and reappears at intervals (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.3)" }, { "surface": "qaffaamisaarpoq", "natural": "it rises and falls at intervals (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.3)" }, { "surface": "ittuujumisaarpoq", "natural": "he is somewhat shy (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.3, doubled-vowel variant)" }, { "surface": "tunuumisaarpoq", "natural": "he keeps turning his back and turning around again (Nielsen2012's example, from tunuppoq, 'he turns his back')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.43", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "id": "V_umicaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ucaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to keep on Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "aa": "-jussar", "ii": "-jussar", "uu": "-jussar" }, "underlying_form": "-usaar", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4 explicitly gives -jussar- after a long vowel alongside -usaar-. Encode this length-conditioned variant without conflating the short-vowel -usar- degree affix. The source also describes continuing despite resistance, as in ingerlaasaarpoq; this is a continuation sense rather than simple repetition.", "Bracket -ucaaq; citation -usaarpoq shows c->s weakening; note this is a long-vowel sibling of V_ucaq_Vb (§7.1, 'is more or less Vb'ing') rather than the same affix -- distinct bracket forms (ucaq vs ucaaq) and distinct glosses, not conflated.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4 independently attests the closely related root, cross-listed as '÷usaar- 2, ÷jussar- efter lang vokal, blive ved med at vb-e' ('keep on Vb-ing, after a long vowel'), with example atuaasaarpoq ('he reads and reads', from atuarpoq, 'he reads') -- a strong semantic and formal match." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to keep on ___-ing", "da": "at blive ved med at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "keep on ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "at blive ved med at gøre det", "en_short": "to keep on ___-ing", "da_short": "at blive ved med at ___", "composition": { "en": "keep on ___-ing", "da": "at blive ved med at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ingerlaasaarpoq", "natural": "he continues moving forward despite resistance (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.4)" }, { "surface": "atuaasaarpoq", "natural": "he reads and reads (Nielsen2012's example, from atuarpoq, 'he reads')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.43", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4" ], "id": "V_ucaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_kaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject Vb's suddenly but continuously (singular subject); or Subject Vb's suddenly, all together/in a group (plural subject)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_kaa_Vb:f18721caf2fc", "items": [ { "text": "Subject Vb's suddenly but continuously (singular subject); or Subject Vb's suddenly, all together/in a group (plural subject)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.10" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kaa", "notes": [ "Citation -kaavoq (sg.)/-kaapput (pl.). A surface-identical but etymologically unrelated string already appears in passing in denominal_verbs.yaml's N_ALL_kaq_Vb notes (±mukaapput, 'several go together to N') -- that is the allative-case verbalizer N{ALL}{-kaq}V + V{-a}V, a different compound built on a different 'kaq' morpheme; not the same affix as this one, and explicitly noted there as 'not modeled as a separate entry'.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.10 independently attests this root under the plural/collective sense, '÷kaa-, vb-e i flok, mange på én gang' ('Vb in a group, many at once'), with the identical example word uppikaapput already cited here (from uppipput, 'they topple over'). Nielsen's own extract does not separately corroborate the singular 'suddenly but continuously' sense, which rests on MOFO's own broader description alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___-s suddenly but continuously (singular subject)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}} suddenly but continuously", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}} suddenly but continuously" }, "da": "nogen gør det pludselig men uafbrudt", "verb_phrase": "___-s suddenly but continuously (singular subject); or {{Subject}} ___-s suddenly, all together; or {{Subject}} ___-s suddenly, in a group (plural subject)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det pludselig men uafbrudt", "da_short": "nogen ___ pludselig men uafbrudt", "composition": { "da": "nogen ___ pludselig men uafbrudt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uppikaavoq", "natural": "it collapses (singular; from uppippoq, 'it falls/topples')" }, { "surface": "uppikaapput", "natural": "they all collapse together, at once (Nielsen2012's own example word, from uppipput, 'they topple over')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.10" ], "id": "V_kaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_uma_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject Vb's often (possibly implying enjoyment)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-uma", "notes": [ "Bracket -uma; citation -umavoq/-amavoq (vowel-copying allomorph after /a/), unchanged from the bare bracket form.", "Independently attested by AITWG-Affixes' own N{tuq}V entry (docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md, printed p.27), which names 'the affix V{uma}V' directly and states that, 'in combination with' N{tuq}V ('eat/drink/consume N'), it forms N{tuuma}V, meaning 'S often eats (or uses) N' or 'S likes to eat (or use) N' -- a direct textual confirmation of this affix's own existence and 'often/likes to' meaning, though only demonstrated there via the fused -tuuma- combination, not as its own headword line. This entry's own bare-verb-stem examples (allaamavoq, pujortaamavoq) go beyond what AITWG-Affixes itself independently shows attaching directly to an arbitrary verb stem; flagged rather than silently equated.", "Nielsen2012's own §5.3.1.8.2 entry, '+tuuma- Vb_r, spiser ofte/gerne N' ('eats often/gladly N'), independently corroborates the SAME -tuuma- combination with different example words (neqituumavoq 'he is a meat-eater', inuttuumavoq 'he is a cannibal', aputituumavoq 'he likes to eat snow') -- same pattern, not identical lexemes, as this entry's own MOFO-sourced examples.", "Not to be confused with the archaic, non-productive V{ma}V ('is in a state of Vb'ing') that AITWG-Affixes mentions in passing alongside V{-ŋa}V under this repo's existing V_qqa_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml); MOFO's own page for this entry explicitly flags the same possible-confusion risk and declines to resolve it ('not entirely clear whether that morpheme is also the origin of the present morpheme, since the meaning is different')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___-s often (possibly implying enjoyment)", "da": "nogen gør det ofte", "verb_phrase": "___-s often (possibly implying enjoyment)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det ofte", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}} often", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}} often" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ ofte", "composition": { "da": "nogen ___ ofte" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a habitual or frequent action, often implying the Subject enjoys it. MOFO notes this affix 'does not appear to be used much, except in combination with' the consumption affix N{tuq}V (the -tuuma- pattern above).", "examples": [ { "surface": "allaamavoq", "natural": "he often writes (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from allappoq, 'he writes' -- a direct bare-verb-stem example)" }, { "surface": "pujortaamavoq", "natural": "he often smokes (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from pujortarpoq, 'he smokes (tobacco)')" }, { "surface": "neqituumavoq", "natural": "he is a meat-eater (Nielsen2012's example, §5.3.1.8.2, from neqi, 'meat' + N{tuq}V + this affix)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.27", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2", "MOFO:vv/-uma" ], "id": "V_uma_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_nersari_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Patient is the most Vb'ing of the Agents (partitive superlative: 'X is the biggest OF a group', a distinct construction from the plain superlative V_neru_Vb family)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nersari_Vb:113d7883ee20", "items": [ { "text": "Patient is the most Vb'ing of the Agents (partitive superlative: 'X is the biggest OF a group', a distinct construction from the plain superlative V_neru_Vb family)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§12.3", "Nielsen2012:§6.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§4a" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nersari", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{nəqcarə}V, Constituents V{nəqcaq}N + N{-gə}V: this repo's own V_nersaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml, '+nersaq', the partitive-superlative noun used with plural possessive endings or verbalised with N{-gə}V and a plural subject, Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4 and AITWG:§12.3) verbalised with the same '-gə}V' (\"to have\") family as V_niutigi_Vb/V_qatiseri_Vb. underlying_form '+nersari' respells the bracket's final schwa as 'i', per this repo's own established precedent for this exact schwa-final affix family (verbal_extenders.yaml's own header note).", "AITWG:§12.3 ('Partitive comparative') independently and precisely grounds this construction -- N{caq}N{gə}V{TR n.pl/x} = 'x is/are most Vb'ing of n' -- cross-checked directly against docs/aitwg2ed/ch12-stems-of-state.md's own boxed Definition 12.3 text and footnote 9 (PDF p.246-247/printed p.230-231), matching kalaallisut_data/aitwg_index/ch12.yaml's own existing '12.3' entry. NOT YET in docs/reference/linguistics/mofo-schema-mapping.md's verified-section ledger (checked, absent) -- add that ledger row in a companion docs commit before this citation is used, per CLAUDE.md's AITWG citation rule; the section itself has genuinely been verified against the checked-in PDF transcript, only the ledger bookkeeping is outstanding.", "Genuinely distinct from the plain superlative family already folded into V_neru_Vb's own notes (V{nəqpau}V/+nerpaa(ju)voq, V{nərujukcuu}V/+nerujussuuvoq): this affix requires a PLURAL subject, uses the transitive 'have' construction with reversed word order (Object before Subject: Piitaq notably surfaces in the absolutive, as grammatical Object), and per MOFO's own Valency line is divalent/Agent-increasing with reflexive/reciprocal (BP) diathesis when used intransitively -- a real constructional difference, not just a spelling variant, so kept as its own entry rather than folded into V_neru_Vb's notes." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_nersari_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} is the most ___-ing of the {{Agents}}", "da": "nogen er den mest sådan blandt dem", "verb_phrase": "else is the most ___-ing of the {{Patient}} (partitive superlative: 'X is the biggest OF a group', a distinct construction from the plain superlative V_neru_Vb family)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er den mest sådan blandt dem", "en_short": { "default": "{{Patient}} is the most {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Patient}} is the most {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er den mest sådan blandt dem", "composition": { "en": "else is the most ___-ing of the {{Actors}}" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by two sources with real worked examples: Nielsen2012:§6.5 ('mikinersaraat (kun med subjekt i flertal), »de har den som deres mindste«', explicitly noting the plural-subject restriction) and AITWG:§12.3's own footnote-9 derivation chain, and Bjornum2012:K4§4a's own comparison table ('+nersaraat (+nersarivaat) v-v de har den til mest; den er mest ... af dem (kun med subjekt i pluralis)').", "examples": [ { "surface": "mikinersaraat", "natural": "it is the smallest of them (lit. 'they have it as their smallest'; Nielsen2012's own example, from mikivoq, 'it is small'; only used with a plural subject)" }, { "surface": "Piitaq anginersaraarput", "natural": "Piitaq is the biggest of us (AITWG:§12.3's own worked example; lit. 'we have Piitaq as our biggest', with Piitaq in the absolutive as the transitive Object; anginersaraarput contracts from the expected anginersarivarput because V{gə}V is a schwa-stem that deletes /v/ from the indicative mood marker)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§12.3", "Nielsen2012:§6.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§4a" ], "id": "V_nersari_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_alaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb a little (a rarer variant of V_laaq_Vb, 'to Vb a little', with apparently no difference in meaning)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_alaaq_Vb:bb31b38ae8b4", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb a little (a rarer variant of V_laaq_Vb, 'to Vb a little', with apparently no difference in meaning)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-alaar", "notes": [ "Bracket -(j)alaaq; citation -alaarpoq/-jalaarpoq shows q->r weakening plus a conditioned linking /j/ on some (vowel-final) stems -- underlying_form models the plain '-alaar' form, matching this repo's convention for parenthetical-linking-consonant affixes (e.g. V_jallak_Vb's own /j/-epenthesis note); the '(j)' conditioning recorded in prose only.", "Nielsen2012's own headword explicitly labels this a variant: '÷alaar-, vb-e lidt; variant af ÷laar 1' -- directly matching MOFO's own text ('This affix is a variant of V{-laaq}V... apparently with no difference in meaning... normally, the variant V{-laaq}V will be preferred'). Kept as its own entry rather than merged into V_laaq_Vb, per this repo's established practice of following a primary source's own separate-headword decision even for acknowledged near-synonyms (e.g. V_gasuaq_Vb/V_nasuaq_Vb).", "Not independently attested in AITWG-Affixes: docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md has only the bare V{-laaq}V headword (already this repo's V_laaq_Vb), no separate '-jalaaq' entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ a little", "da": "at gøre det lidt", "verb_phrase": "___ a little (a rarer variant of V_laaq_Vb, 'to ___ a little', with apparently no difference in meaning)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det lidt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} a little" }, "da_short": "at ___ lidt", "composition": { "da": "at ___ lidt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷alaar-' entry (§5.3.3.5) supplies both examples below, matching MOFO's own citations for the same words almost verbatim.", "examples": [ { "surface": "imaajalaarpaa", "natural": "he empties it a bit (Nielsen2012's/MOFO's shared example, from imaarpaa, 'he empties it')" }, { "surface": "naalliualaarpoq", "natural": "he is a little plagued (Nielsen2012's example, from naalliuppoq, 'he is plagued')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "id": "V_alaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_suar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb powerfully/with force; also used as a generic strengthener/emphasis" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+suar", "notes": [ "Bracket V{(q)cuaq}V: the verbal sibling of the nominal augmentative N{(q)cuaq}N, attaching directly to a verb stem -- distinct from V_torsuu_Vb above, which is the separate compositional V{duq}N+N{(q)cuaq}N+N{-u}V chain (+torsuuvoq); this entry has no participle/copula involved. Citation shows q->r weakening on consonant-final hosts (-rsuarpoq); underlying_form models the vowel-stem/default '+suar' shape, the '(q)' conditioning left in prose per this file's established practice for this affix family (see e.g. V_pallak_evidential_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ powerfully; to ___ with force", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} powerfully; to {{verb}} with force" }, "da": "at gøre det kraftigt; at gøre det med styrke", "verb_phrase": "___ powerfully; ___ with force; also used as a generic strengthener; also used as a generic emphasis", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det kraftigt; at gøre det med styrke", "da_short": "at ___ kraftigt; at ___ med styrke", "composition": { "da": "at ___ kraftigt; at ___ med styrke" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+(r)suar-' entry (§5.3.3.7, 'vb-e af al kraft, med voldsomhed' -- Vb with all one's might/violently) gives the SAME dummy-root example word ('persuarpaa') also cited by MOFO's own entry for this affix (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vv/(q)cuaq.html, cross-reference only, no MOFO: provenance tag per this file's own no-MOFO-citations discipline).", "examples": [ { "surface": "persuarpaa", "natural": "he treats him violently/with force (Nielsen2012's example, from the dummy root {pi}V)" }, { "surface": "arpassuarpoq", "natural": "he runs with all his might (Nielsen2012's example, from arpappoq, 'he runs')" }, { "surface": "palersuarpoq", "natural": "he gets badly sunburned (Nielsen2012's example, from palerpoq, 'he gets sunburned')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_suar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_taqaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "A has Vb'ed some/any P (indefinite object); with an already-divalent base stem, the affix removes the Patient from the ending, re-expressible if at all as a defocused/indefinite instrumental-case modifier; negated, 'A hasn't Vb'ed any P'", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_taqaq_Vb:115c74a13bb2", "items": [ { "text": "A has Vb'ed some/any P (indefinite object); with an already-divalent base stem, the affix removes the Patient from the ending, re-expressible if at all as a defocused/indefinite instrumental-case modifier; negated, 'A hasn't Vb'ed any P'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+saqar", "allomorphs": { "alveolar_final_stem": "-taqar", "velar_final_stem": "-gaqar" }, "notes": [ "Compositional: passive participle V{-ðaq}N (see this repo's own V_taccau_Vb/V_tau_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml, for the same front component and its own special sandhi rules) + N{-qaq}V (this repo's own N_qaq_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml, 'to have'). Not in AITWG-Affixes' own affix-list chapters (no docs/affixlist/ hit); the vowel-stem allomorph '+saqar' is directly confirmed by Nielsen2012's own worked example itself (takuaa -> takusaq -> takusaqarpit, an /u/-final host taking the 's' form), not merely modeled by analogy.", "Nielsen2012's own worked-example pair directly parallels MOFO's own illustration of this construction on the identical base verb (taku-), differing only in the indefinite noun used." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_taqaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} has ___-ed some {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} has ___-ed any {{Patient}} (indefinite object)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} has {{verb:past}} some {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} has {{verb:past}} any {{Patient}}", "past": "{{Actor}} has {{verb:past}} some {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} has {{verb:past}} any {{Patient}}" }, "da": "nogen har gjort det ved noget/nogen (ubestemt)", "verb_phrase": "have ___-ed some {{Patient}}; have ___-ed any {{Patient}} (indefinite object); with an already-divalent base stem, the affix removes the {{Patient}} from the ending, re-expressible if at all as a defocused/indefinite instrumental-case modifier; negated, '{{Actor}} hasn't ___-ed any {{Patient}}'", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen har gjort det ved noget/nogen (ubestemt)", "da_short": "nogen har ___ noget/nogen", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+qar-' entry (under its own passive-participle-combinations subsection) is glossed identically ('har vb-et noget' = 'has Vb'ed something').", "examples": [ { "surface": "meeqqanik takusaqarpunga", "natural": "I saw some children (Nielsen2012's example, from takuaa, 'he sees it', with meeqqanik as a defocused/indefinite instrumental-case object)" }, { "surface": "meeqqanik takusaqanngilanga", "natural": "I haven't seen any children (Nielsen2012's example, negated with V_ngngit_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2" ], "id": "V_taqaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ngaatsiar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject Vb's quite a lot" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngaatsiar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "A straightforward combination of the verbal variants of V_ngaaq_Vb (this file, above, 'to Vb greatly, in a high degree') and V_ttiaq_Vb (this file, above, 'to Vb a little/a bit') -- the same compositional pattern already documented for this repo's own N_ngaatsiaq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml), the N-to-N sibling built on the nominal variants of the same two constituents; that entry's own note explicitly flagged this V-to-V counterpart as then-unmodeled, and this fills that gap. Not listed in AITWG-Affixes' own affix-list chapters (docs/affixlist/); this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___-s quite a lot", "da": "nogen gør det ret meget", "verb_phrase": "___-s quite a lot", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det ret meget", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}} quite a lot", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}} quite a lot" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ ret meget", "composition": { "en": "___-s quite a lot", "da": "nogen ___ ret meget" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷ngaatsiar-' entry is glossed identically ('vb-e ret meget' = 'Vb quite a lot'), with the identical worked example already cross-cited on N_ngaatsiaq_N's own note as corroborating evidence for that sibling entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angingaatsiarpoq", "natural": "it is quite big (Nielsen2012's example, from angivoq, 'it is big')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_ngaatsiar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ngajassaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject is repeatedly/all the time just about to Vb (per Nielsen2012's own gloss; the 'repeatedly' nuance is not clearly borne out by the worked examples themselves, an honest gap Nielsen2012's own text does not resolve either)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ngajassaa_Vb:dfb96b75f2f8", "items": [ { "text": "Subject is repeatedly/all the time just about to Vb (per Nielsen2012's own gloss; the 'repeatedly' nuance is not clearly borne out by the worked examples themselves, an honest gap Nielsen2012's own text does not resolve either)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngajassaa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Composed of V_ngajak_Vb (this file, above, '-ngajap', 'is almost Vb'ing, is about to Vb') plus a further segment {caa} of unclear origin -- neither AITWG-Affixes nor Nielsen2012 identifies what {caa} itself is; not modeled as a separate component. Not listed in AITWG-Affixes' own affix-list chapters; this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is repeatedly the time just about to ___; {{Subject}} is all the time just about to ___", "da": "nogen er gentagne gange lige ved at gøre det; nogen er gentagne hele tiden lige ved at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be repeatedly the time just about to ___ (per Nielsen2012's own gloss; the 'repeatedly' nuance is not clearly borne out by the worked examples themselves, an honest gap Nielsen2012's own text does not resolve either); be all the time just about to ___ (per Nielsen2012's own gloss; the 'repeatedly' nuance is not clearly borne out by the worked examples themselves, an honest gap Nielsen2012's own text does not resolve either)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er gentagne gange lige ved at gøre det; nogen er gentagne hele tiden lige ved at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is repeatedly the time just about to {{verb}}; {{Actor}} is all the time just about to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} is repeatedly just about to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "ofte lige ved at ___; hele tiden lige ved at ___", "composition": { "da": "nogen er gentagne gange lige ved at ___; nogen er gentagne hele tiden lige ved at ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "siningajassaavoq", "natural": "sleep is about to overcome him (Nielsen2012's example, from sinippoq, 'he sleeps')" }, { "surface": "uppingajassaavoq", "natural": "he stands very unsteadily, on the verge of falling over (Nielsen2012's example, from uppippoq, 'it falls over')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "id": "V_ngajassaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_gallassa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "shall Vb first/before anything else (per Nielsen2012's own affirmative worked example); used with a negation this may instead read 'shall not Vb anytime soon' -- see notes on a real gloss divergence between sources" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+gallassa", "notes": [ "Compositional: V_gallaq_Vb (this file, above, '+gallar', 'to Vb still/for the time being') + V_ssa_Vb (this file, above, '-ssa', future/prospective) -- MOFO's own leading '+' on its New-orthography citation grounds boundary_behavior:additive; Nielsen2012's own worked example (tigugallassavakka) shows the compound attaching directly onto a vowel-final stem, consistent with the additive model.", "Genuine, not silently resolved, cross-source gloss divergence: this repo's own transcribed Nielsen2012 (2012 ed.) extract illustrates this compound with a plain AFFIRMATIVE example -- 'om det man først skal gøre' ('about what one is to do first'): nassatakka tigugallassavakka, 'I shall first take my luggage' -- with no negation present. MOFO's own page instead attributes a negation-only restriction and a 'shall not Vb anytime soon' gloss to Nielsen's 2019 edition specifically; both readings are recorded here rather than picking one, since only the 2012-edition extract is directly checkable in this repo.", "MOFO's own New-orthography citation is '+gallassaaq', one syllable longer than the compositional 'gallassa' both real attested examples (Nielsen2012's tigugallassavakka; MOFO's own oqarallassanngilanga) actually show; this discrepancy is left unresolved rather than silently smoothed over." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shall ___ first anything else; shall ___ before anything else", "da": "skal gøre det først alt andet; skal gøre det før alt andet", "en_short": { "default": "shall {{verb}} first anything else; shall {{verb}} before anything else" }, "da_short": "skal ___ først alt andet; skal ___ før alt andet", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tigugallassavakka", "natural": "I shall first take them, my luggage (Nielsen2012's example, from tiguaa, 'he takes it', illustrating the plain, non-negated use)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6" ], "id": "V_gallassa_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_naqsi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject has become such as to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+narsi", "notes": [ "Bracket naqsi; citation +narsivoq shows q->r weakening, matching this repo's established respelling convention for this q-stem family (V_ssaaq_Vb, V_nasuaq_Vb, V_mmiqsuq_Vb, V_nialiq_Vb).", "Compositional: V_naq_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, 'is such as to Vb') + the affix {si}V ('has become Vb'ing'); the bare stative inchoative is already represented separately by V_si_become_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml), distinct from the halftransitive V_si_Vb and acquisition N_si_Vb.", "Nielsen2012's own '+si- 3' entry (§5.3.3.7) hedges this as 'ikke så produktivt' (not very productive) and restricts it to stative verbs ('føjes til stative verber') -- a real productivity caveat from an independent source, though MOFO's own non-productive tag for this morpheme is unset (false); kept at CORE tier per CLAUDE.md's tiering rule, which keys off MOFO's own tag and independent corroboration, both of which are satisfied here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has become such as to ___", "da": "nogen er blevet sådan at han kan gøre det; nogen er blevet sådan at han vil gøre det", "verb_phrase": "have become such as to ___", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er blevet sådan at han kan gøre det; nogen er blevet sådan at han vil gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} has become such as to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} has become such as to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "sådan at han kan ___; sådan at han vil ___", "composition": { "en": "have become such as to ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by two sources: Nielsen2012's own kusanarpoq/kusanarsivoq pair ('den er pæn'/'den er blevet pæn', it is pretty/has become pretty) and Bjornum2012's own dedicated '+sivoq' v-v entry, which independently lists both ajornarsivoq and kusanarsivoq.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kusanarsivoq", "natural": "it has become pretty (Nielsen2012's example, from kusanarpoq, 'it is pretty')" }, { "surface": "ajornarsivoq", "natural": "it has become impossible (Bjornum2012's example, from ajornarpoq, 'it is impossible')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sivoq" ], "id": "V_naqsi_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_toqaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "there is Vb'ing; there is someone/something that Vb's (existential clefting/focus construction; only makes sense on monovalent stems, yielding an avalent, 3rd-person-singular verb with the notional Subject demoted to an indeterminate oblique argument in the modalis case; also lexicalised as 'A has (someone/something) who Vb's')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_toqaq_Vb:a73213d78145", "items": [ { "text": "there is Vb'ing; there is someone/something that Vb's (existential clefting/focus construction; only makes sense on monovalent stems, yielding an avalent, 3rd-person-singular verb with the notional Subject demoted to an indeterminate oblique argument in the modalis case; also lexicalised as 'A has (someone/something) who Vb's')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§3a s.v. +toqarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+toqar", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+soqar" }, "notes": [ "Combination of the intransitive participle V{ðuq}N (deverbal_nouns.yaml) and the 'have/there is' affix N_qaq_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml) -- treated here as its own dedicated V->V headword rather than a live two-step derivation, since both independent sources below treat '{+Toqar-}'/'+toqarpoq' as one affix with its own distinct clefting/focus function, the same 'participle + suffix, given its own V->V entry' pattern already used elsewhere (e.g. V_tussaa_Vb, V_torsuu_Vb).", "underlying_form strips the citation's own regular q-stem weakening before the vowel-initial ending (+toqarpoq -> +toqar), the same 'strip the ending' methodology already established for verbal_extenders.yaml's V_tariaqaq_Vb.", "Legacy lexical_facts.valency deliberately left unset: the primary (indefinite-subject) reading is avalent/impersonal, which none of this schema's three legacy values (transitive/intransitive/ambitransitive) describes accurately; per Nielsen2012's own note, a lexicalised subset instead means 'A has (someone/something) who Vb's' and can then take any person ending." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "there is ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "there is {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "there is {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "der er nogen/noget der gør det", "verb_phrase": "there be ___-ing", "da_verb_phrase": "der er nogen/noget der gør det", "da_short": "der er nogen/noget der ___", "composition": { "en": "there be ___-ing", "da": "der er nogen/noget der ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and richly corroborated: Nielsen2012 gives {+Toqar-} its own dedicated bolded headword in §5.3.2.6.4.1 ('der er en/nogle der vb-er; sbj har nogle der vb-er') and further discusses its oblique-subject/modalis-case syntax in §5.5.1.2; Bjornum2012's own '4) Med -qarpoq' entry (K4§3a) matches closely ('der er en, der ...; der er nogen, der ...', 'kun med subjekt i 3. person, singularis') and independently supplies the vowel-stem allomorph +soqarpoq.", "examples": [ { "surface": "isertoqarpoq", "natural": "there is someone going in (Nielsen2012's example, §5.3.2.6.4.1/§5.5.1.2, from iserpoq, 'he goes in')" }, { "surface": "igasoqarpoq", "natural": "there is someone cooking (lexicalised as 'there is a cook') (Bjornum2012's example, K4§3a, from igavoq, 'he cooks')" }, { "surface": "pulaartoqarpunga", "natural": "I have visitors (Nielsen2012's example, §5.3.2.6.4.1, illustrating the lexicalised 'have' reading with a 1st-person ending, from pulaarpoq, 'he is visiting')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§3a s.v. +toqarpoq" ], "id": "V_toqaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_toqassanngit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb'ing is forbidden; nobody may/must Vb (literally 'there shall not be Vb'ing'; V_toqaq_Vb's existential-cleft construction + the future/obligation affix V_ssa_Vb + negation)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+toqassanngit", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+soqassanngit" }, "notes": [ "Compositional: V_toqaq_Vb (above) + V_ssa_Vb ('will/shall Vb', this file's own existing entry) + the negation affix V{ŋŋit}V. Given its own dedicated worked example and idiomatic use (e.g. on prohibition/'no entry' signage) independently attested by both sources below, it is given its own entry here rather than folded into V_toqaq_Vb's notes.", "Legacy lexical_facts.valency left unset, same reasoning as V_toqaq_Vb above." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___-ing is forbidden", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb:gerund}} is forbidden", "gerund": "{{verb:gerund}} is forbidden" }, "da": "det er forbudt at gøre det; ingen må gøre det", "verb_phrase": "___-ing be forbidden", "da_verb_phrase": "det er forbudt at gøre det; ingen må gøre det", "da_short": "det er forbudt at ___", "composition": { "en": "___-ing be forbidden", "da": "det er forbudt at ___; ingen må ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by an exact-word match: both Nielsen2012 (§5.5.1.2, building up the chain iserpoq -> isertoq -> isertoqarpoq -> isertoqassaq -> isertoqassanngilaq) and Bjornum2012 (K4§3a) cite the identical example word isertoqassanngilaq with the identical idiomatic gloss ('ingen må komme ind; adgang forbudt' / 'nobody may enter; entry forbidden').", "examples": [ { "surface": "isertoqassanngilaq", "natural": "nobody may enter; entry forbidden (independently attested with the identical word and gloss by both Nielsen2012 §5.5.1.2 and Bjornum2012 K4§3a, from iserpoq, 'he enters')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§3a s.v. +toqarpoq" ], "id": "V_toqassanngit_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_toqanngit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "there is no-one/nothing that Vb's (negation of V_toqaq_Vb's existential-cleft construction; also lexicalised as 'A has no-one/nothing who Vb's')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+toqanngit", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+soqanngit" }, "notes": [ "Compositional: V_toqaq_Vb (above) + the negation affix V{ŋŋit}V (already represented by V_ngngit_Vb in sentential_affixes.yaml, independently documented in AITWG-Affixes:p.47; its irregular mood behavior remains scoped to that owner). Given its own dedicated bolded headword treatment by Nielsen2012 (not merely mentioned in passing within the V_toqaq_Vb discussion), it is given its own entry here rather than folded into V_toqaq_Vb's notes, matching the precedent of V_qqunngit_Vb (also its own entry despite being compositional).", "Legacy lexical_facts.valency left unset, same reasoning as V_toqaq_Vb above." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "there is no-one/nothing that ___-s", "da": "der er ingen/intet der gør det", "verb_phrase": "there be no-one/nothing that ___", "da_verb_phrase": "der er ingen/intet der gør det", "en_short": { "default": "there is no-one/nothing that {{verb}}", "third_singular": "there is no-one/nothing that {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "der er ingen/intet der ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012 gives '+Toqanngit-' its own dedicated bolded headword immediately adjacent to '+Toqar-' (§5.3.2.6.4.1, 'der er ingen der vb-er (ubøj.); sbj har ingen der vb-er (bøj.)'); Bjornum2012's own K4§3a discussion of the same affix family gives a closely matching example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anisoqanngilaq", "natural": "no-one went out (Nielsen2012's example, §5.3.2.6.4.1, from anivoq, 'he goes out')" }, { "surface": "pulaartoqanngilaq", "natural": "he has no visitors (Nielsen2012's example, §5.3.2.6.4.1, from pulaarpoq, 'he is visiting')" }, { "surface": "angerlarsimasoqanngilaq", "natural": "there is no-one home (Bjornum2012's example, K4§3a, from angerlarsimavoq, 'he is home')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§3a s.v. +toqarpoq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.47" ], "id": "V_toqanngit_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_tuu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is (characteristically) Vb'ing (with adjectival/participle-forming bases whose intransitive participle does not itself use the non-productive V{suuq}N pattern)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tuu", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+suu" }, "notes": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:makittuuvoq#e4866 and SchultzLorentzen1927:makittuuvoq#e9864 independently attest the lexical contrast: the one already out of bed while the others are still lying. Record that narrow only-one-who example; it does not establish an unrestricted exclusive operator on arbitrary verbal hosts. The characteristic-quality gloss remains the primary general sense.", "AITWG:§8.5, Aside 8.1 (printed p.156), directly contrasts Piitaq mikivoq with Piitaq mikisuuvoq: the latter describes a characteristic or permanent quality. This independently supports the characteristic sense, beyond the existing copula examples. The broader productive scope of MOFO’s separate only-one-who reading is not encoded here.", "Combination of the intransitive participle V{ðuq}N (deverbal_nouns.yaml) and the copula N{-u}V ('be N') -- the same 'participle + copula, given its own V->V entry' pattern already used for this file's own V_torsuu_Vb and verbal_extenders.yaml's V_tussaa_Vb.", "underlying_form follows the citation's own regular stem alternation (t- after r-stem/consonant-stem, s- after vowel-stem/i1-final stem), the same q-stem/vowel-stem allomorph pattern as this file's sibling V_toqaq_Vb entry.", "DISAMBIGUATION: not to be confused with the unrelated denominal N{tuu}V ('one who has much N', a verbalizing sibling of N_tuuq_big_N) already flagged as a distinct affix in this repo's own deverbal_nouns.yaml (V_soq_N entry's own disambiguation note) -- this entry is the V->V affix built on the intransitive PARTICIPLE, not that N->V one.", "DISAMBIGUATION from V_toor_accidental_Vb (this file, 'happen to Vb'): pilot aalersuutissaq (#544 theme 1) ties both under blood/future-noun stacks. Prefer this characteristic/participle+copula lane when the sense is classificatory; reserve V_toor_accidental_Vb for accidental/unfortunate readings. See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme1-affix-ambiguity-dossiers.md." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tuu_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is characteristically ___-ing", "da": "nogen er kendetegnende sådan", "verb_phrase": "be (characteristically) ___-ing (with adjectival/participle-forming bases whose intransitive participle does not itself use the non-productive V{suuq}N pattern)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er kendetegnende sådan", "en_short": "{{Subject}} is (characteristically) ___-ing", "da_short": "nogen er kendetegnende sådan", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by an exact-word match: both Nielsen2012 (§5.5.1.2, '÷u, være N') and Bjornum2012 (K4§3a, item '1) Med -uvoq') cite the identical example word atuartuuvoq ('he is a student').", "examples": [ { "surface": "makittuuvoq", "natural": "he is the one out of bed while the others are still lying (Kleinschmidt1871 #e4866; SchultzLorentzen1927 #e9864; lexical contrast, not unrestricted exclusive scope)" }, { "surface": "atuartuuvoq", "natural": "he is a student (lit. is 'characteristically' one who reads) (independently attested with the identical word by both Nielsen2012 §5.5.1.2 and Bjornum2012 K4§3a, from atuarpoq, 'he reads')" }, { "surface": "igasuuvoq", "natural": "he is a cook (Bjornum2012's example, K4§3a, from igavoq, 'he cooks')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:makittuuvoq#e4866", "SchultzLorentzen1927:makittuuvoq#e9864", "AITWG:§8.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§3a s.v. -uvoq" ], "id": "V_tuu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_rrat_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "many Actors Vb together, in a group (reciprocal; only used with intransitive endings and a plural Subject)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_rrat_Vb:c1411b873d3a", "items": [ { "text": "many Actors Vb together, in a group (reciprocal; only used with intransitive endings and a plural Subject)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.10" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rrat", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{-rrat(ə)}V, a combination of V{-raq}V ('many Actors Vb', not yet independently modeled as its own entry in this repo) and the geminating variant of V_ut_Vb (this repo's own '-ut(e)' entry, verbal_extenders.yaml), used here in its reflexive/reciprocal sense -- the gemination causes -raq's own final /r/ to double, giving the '-rrat(ə)' surface shape.", "t(ə)-final stem: right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering matches MOFO's own literal 't(ə) sandhi' facet, the same mapping already established throughout this repo's other t(ə)-final affixes (e.g. N_irut_Vb, N_liuut_Vb)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "many {{Actors}} ___ together, in a group", "da": "flere gør det sammen, i en gruppe (kun i flertal)", "en_short": { "default": "many {{Actors}} {{verb}} together, in a group" }, "da_short": "flere ___ sammen, i en gruppe", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ sammen, i en gruppe (kun i flertal)" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷rratə-' entry (§5.3.3.10, 'vb-e i flok' = 'Vb in a flock/group') supplies the first two examples below, matching MOFO's own gloss and reciprocal-plural restriction closely.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aalisarrapput", "natural": "there are many out fishing (Nielsen2012's example, from aalisarput, 'they fish')" }, { "surface": "pisorrapput", "natural": "they go in a flock (Nielsen2012's example, from pisupput, 'they go/walk')" }, { "surface": "arparrapput", "natural": "they run together, in a group (MOFO's own example, citing Berthelsen et al. 1997 [Oqaatsit], from arpappoq, 'he runs')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.10" ], "id": "V_rrat_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_t_flok_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "many Actors Vb together, in a flock/group, with a dramatic or emphatic nuance (only attested with plural-subject endings)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_t_flok_Vb:4726a99a2bd5", "items": [ { "text": "many Actors Vb together, in a flock/group, with a dramatic or emphatic nuance (only attested with plural-subject endings)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2025:§6.5.3.9" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-t", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "Nielsen2025's own label for this entry is '-T₂-' (bracket (v-v), category Vb_mod, §6.5.3.9): 'vb-er i flok, med dramatisk nuance; ikke produktivt' ('verb-s in a flock, with dramatic nuance; not productive'). The subscript '2' is Nielsen's own catalog numbering for the section's second distinct '-t-'-shaped entry, not part of the morpheme's own spelling -- underlying_form is plain '-t', matching this repo's other '-t' citations.", "Explicitly a DIFFERENT affix from this repo's existing V_t_Vb (MOFO's own vv/-t archaic transitiviser, 'Agent causes Patient to Vb', toquppaa/anippaa) -- unrelated gloss, and Nielsen2025's own T-series treats it as a separate catalog entry from whatever T-number (if any) corresponds to V_t_Vb. Also distinct from this repo's existing V_rrat_Vb (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.10, the similarly-glossed but differently-shaped '-rrat' 'Vb in a flock' affix, just above this entry) -- same rough semantic family (plural-subject 'in a group' derivations), unrelated underlying forms and citation examples.", "left_sandhi:irregular chosen deliberately rather than guessing a single unifying rule: the three attested pairs below show TWO different boundary behaviors, not one -- nuapput/neripput show plain gemination of the preceding consonant (v->ff, r->rr, the same pattern this repo's V_q_inchoative_Vb/V_qluk_Vb/etc. sibling batch models via boundary_behavior:additive), while aalisarpoq/aalitsapput shows the whole medial \"-isar-\" replaced by \"-its-\" -- a genuinely different, more drastic alternation with no attested intermediate step to generalize from a single source passage. Modeling either behavior as the general rule would silently misrepresent the other two-thirds of the source's own examples, exactly the kind of mismatch already fixed once in this file (issue tracked at jandahl/oq#817) -- left unmodeled/flagged honestly instead of guessed.", "Source is the repo owner's own physical 4th-edition (2025) copy, no in-repo transcribed extract exists (unlike Nielsen2012's own docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/) -- see docs/reference/linguistics/source-cross-reference.md's Nielsen2025 roster row and Area D6 for the `print`-tier verification and citation-key governance." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_t_flok_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "many Actors ___ together in a flock, with a dramatic nuance; many Actors ___ together in a group, with a dramatic nuance", "da": "nogen gør det i flok, med dramatisk nuance (kun i flertal)", "da_short": "gør det i flok, dramatisk (kun i flertal)", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ i flok, med dramatisk nuance (kun i flertal)" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aalitsapput", "natural": "many are out fishing (Nielsen2025's example, from aalisarpoq, 'he fishes')" }, { "surface": "nuffapput", "natural": "many are sick/have a cold (Nielsen2025's example, from nuapput, 'they are sick/have a cold')" }, { "surface": "nerripput", "natural": "they are in the middle of a bigger meal (Nielsen2025's example, from neripput, 'they eat')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2025:§6.5.3.9" ], "id": "V_t_flok_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_llaari_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S habitually Vb's, to a particularly high degree", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_llaari_Vb:95010036aa11", "items": [ { "text": "S habitually Vb's, to a particularly high degree", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/llaarə", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llaari", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{llaarə}V, a combination of V{llaq}V (here a generic strengthener/emphasis) and the irregular habitual affix V{ðarə}V ('repeated action'); underlying_form respells the bracket's final schwa as 'i', matching this repo's existing V_suri_Vb precedent (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) for the same ə-contraction stem class (MOFO's own 'Inflection sandhi: ə-contraction' facet, for verb stems ending in -gə/-rə/-qə).", "left_sandhi:truncative is directly evidenced by Nielsen2012's own worked example: imerpoq ('he drinks', r-final consonant stem) -> imillaaraaq, showing regular /r/+/ll/ assimilation and e->i raising before this affix's geminate onset.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Karaaq#e9723 is the headwordless continuation that explicitly describes -llaaraaq and prints angillaaraat, kajumillaaraaq and takorluullaaraara. It also prints historical -llaraasoq (short a), -llaraangat and -llaraaluni. These forms do not approve every modern mood; MOFO leaves their current use uncertain and calls the imperative forms presumed. No additional historical suppletion or imperative rule is encoded here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} habitually ___-s (to a particularly high degree)", "da": "nogen gør det som vane (i særlig høj grad)", "verb_phrase": "habitually ___-s (to a particularly high degree)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen gør det som vane (i særlig høj grad)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} habitually {{verb}} (to a particularly high degree)", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} habitually {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ som vane (i særlig høj grad)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷llaarə-' entry (§5.3.3.3) is glossed closely ('pleje at vb-e meget' = 'habitually Vb a lot'), supplying the imillaaraaq example below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "imillaaraaq", "natural": "he habitually drinks a lot (Nielsen2012's example, from imerpoq, 'he drinks' -- an r-final consonant stem, illustrating left_sandhi:truncative)" }, { "surface": "angillaaraat", "natural": "they are (habitually/recurrently) particularly big (MOFO's own example, cited there to Kleinschmidt 1871 [SK71], from angivoq, 'it is big')" }, { "surface": "anillaaraaq", "natural": "he briefly skips outside, habitually/at regular intervals (MOFO's own example, cited there to Oqaatsit 1997 [CBBJRPIKJR97], from anivoq, 'he goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/llaarə", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Karaaq#e9723", "Petersen1951:-llaaraaq#e13533", "Petersen1967:-llaaraaq#e13503", "Oqaatsit1997:-llaaraaq#e7077" ], "id": "V_llaari_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_nnik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "half-transitivising (HTR): gives a divalent, patient-preserving stem intransitive form without changing the stem's meaning -- 'Agent Vb's (something)', with the Patient left unmarked/indefinite instead of appearing in the ending", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nnik_Vb:ebc104c48b0d", "items": [ { "text": "half-transitivising (HTR): gives a divalent, patient-preserving stem intransitive form without changing the stem's meaning -- 'Agent Vb's (something)', with the Patient left unmarked/indefinite instead of appearing in the ending", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§6", "AITWG:§9.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4 requires deletion of a host-final consonant before the fixed cluster /nn/ of {nnək}. Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3 explicitly marks ÷nnig-. Bjornum2012:K3§6 labels +nnippoq only ved vokalstammen (on vowel stems), where no host-final consonant is present; this does not establish an additive consonant-host exception. HTR selection remains lexical, as qualified by AITWG:§9.2; no new host map or outgoing stem rule is asserted.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{nnək}V; underlying_form '-nnik' respells the medial schwa as 'i', directly attested by the citation form '-nnippoq' (nnik + poq, with the expected k+p -> pp assimilation, the same mechanism this repo's V_kkuk_Vb already documents).", "MOFO's own text: this HTR-morpheme is 'primarily used on ə-stems, almost all of which are formed with N{-gə}V or V{-gə}V', but is also used on some other vowel-stems (asavaa -> asannippoq, takuaa -> takunnippoq) and, per Kleinschmidt, occasionally on q-stems/k-stems (no examples given for the latter, and none are modeled here).", "This repo's other, more common HTR-morpheme, V_si_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, MOFO's V{ði}V), fills the same 'give a divalent stem intransitive form' grammatical role on different, lexically-conditioned stems -- the two are siblings, not variants of one another.", "AITWG:§9.2 Definition 9.3, pp.178–179, gives HTR selection as rules of thumb: /rə/ and /gə/ stems, including stems formed by N{gə}V and V{gə}V, take {nnək}; many but not all other vowel stems do too (asannippoq, takunnippoq). Most stems prefer one HTR; these are not freely interchangeable choices. The named irregular HTR stems aallerpoq and ujaasivoq/ujarlerpoq prevent a universal stem-final selector." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_nnik_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} ___-s (something), {{Agent}} left unmentioned", "da": "gør et 'gøre noget ved nogen'-udsagnsord til et almindeligt 'gøre noget'-udsagnsord", "en_short": "half-transitivising (HTR): gives a divalent,", "da_short": "gør et udsagnsord til et uden objekt", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own §5.3.2.6.3 ('Intransitiv-agentiviserende tilhæng'), entry '÷nnig-', is glossed as used 'især efter {±gə-}' ('especially after {gə-}') and gives the identical asavaa -> asannippoq pair as MOFO's own page; Bjornum2012's own 'Halvtransitive affikser' chapter (K3§6) independently lists this as affix #2 of its own four-member inventory, '+nnippoq (ved vokalstammen)', citing the same asavaa/asannippoq pair a third time.", "examples": [ { "surface": "asannippoq", "natural": "he is in love (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example, from asavaa, 'he loves her/him')" }, { "surface": "soqutiginnippoq", "natural": "he is interested (Nielsen2012's example, from soqutigaa, 'he is interested in it', an ə-stem)" }, { "surface": "piginnippoq", "natural": "he owns (something) (MOFO's own example, from pigaa, 'he owns it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§6", "AITWG:§9.2", "AITWG:§2.3" ], "id": "V_nnik_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_neqsapiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "cannot Vb (source does not specify a cause)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-neq sapiq", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.12 lists V{nəQ sapiq}V among the three special constructions built on the abstract participle V{nəQ}N and glosses it “cannot Vb”. The source gives no worked example or cause restriction here; those details and valency behavior are left unspecified." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cannot ___", "da": "kan ikke gøre det", "verb_phrase": "cannot ___", "da_verb_phrase": "kan ikke ___", "da_short": "kan ikke ___", "composition": { "en": "cannot ___", "da": "kan ikke ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.12" ], "id": "V_neqsapiq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_neqnalu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S cannot/does not know how to Vb, due to ignorance (a two-word periphrastic construction -- the deverbal nominalizer -neq plus the negative-existential verb naluvoq, 'does not know' -- structurally parallel to the existing V_neqajuq_Vb 'never Vb' construction, and preserving the base stem's own valency the same way)", "valency": "ambitransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_neqnalu_Vb:6e905f35aba4", "items": [ { "text": "S cannot/does not know how to Vb, due to ignorance (a two-word periphrastic construction -- the deverbal nominalizer -neq plus the negative-existential verb naluvoq, 'does not know' -- structurally parallel to the existing V_neqajuq_Vb 'never Vb' construction, and preserving the base stem's own valency the same way)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG-Affixes:p.11", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§3c" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-neq nalu", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own Chapter 2 (docs/affixlist/2-nominalisers.md, printed p.11) lists this alongside V{nəq ajuq}V as one of the 'three special constructions' built on the abstract participle V{nəq}N: 'V{nəQ nalu}V (cannot Vb (because of ignorance))' -- no worked example given there. This repo's own kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml already flags both this and the already-modeled V_neqajuq_Vb by name, in a comment, as periphrastic V->V constructions out of scope for that file's own V->N template; this entry fills that previously-flagged gap.", "underlying_form/boundary_behavior model only the -neq nominalizer's own attachment (additive, matching V_neqajuq_Vb's own established treatment); nalu(vaa/voq) itself is a separate lexical verb stem ('does not know/is ignorant of'), not modeled as part of this affix's own sandhi.", "Valency-preserving, directly attested by the examples below: an intransitive ending on a monovalent base (ipunneq naluvoq) and a transitive ending on a divalent base (iluarsarneq naluaa)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_neqnalu_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} cannot not know how to ___, due to ignorance; {{Subject}} does not know how to ___, due to ignorance", "da": "nogen kan ikke/ved ikke hvordan man gør det, af uvidenhed", "verb_phrase": "cannot not know how to ___, due to ignorance (a two-word periphrastic construction -- the deverbal nominalizer -neq plus the negative-existential verb naluvoq, 'does not know' -- structurally parallel to the existing V_neqajuq_Vb 'never ___' construction, and preserving the base stem's own valency the same way); do not know how to ___, due to ignorance (a two-word periphrastic construction -- the deverbal nominalizer -neq plus the negative-existential verb naluvoq, 'does not know' -- structurally parallel to the existing V_neqajuq_Vb 'never ___' construction, and preserving the base stem's own valency the same way)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen kan ikke/ved ikke hvordan man gør det, af uvidenhed", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} cannot not know how to {{verb}}; {{Actor}} does not know how to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} cannot not know how to {{verb:3sg}}; {{Actor}} does not know how to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen kan ikke/ved ikke hvordan man ___, af uvidenhed", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and richly corroborated: Bjornum2012's own K4§3c ('Abstrakt participium') catalogues this alongside V_neqajuq_Vb's own construction in a shared list ('+neq ajorpoq', '+neq naluvoq', '+neq saperpoq', '+neq artorpaa'), glossing this entry '+neq naluvoq, kan ikke (på grund af uvidenhed)' ('cannot, due to ignorance') -- essentially identical to MOFO's own gloss; Nielsen2012's own §5.5.1.1 independently lists the same construction next to its own V_neqajuq_Vb discussion, glossed 'naluvoq, ved ikke hvordan man vb-er' ('does not know how to Vb'), with its own worked example kaffiliorneq naluvunga.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ipunneq naluvoq", "natural": "he does not know how to row (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ipuppoq, 'he rows', monovalent -- intransitive ending)" }, { "surface": "matu iluarsarneq naluaa", "natural": "he does not know how to repair the door (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from iluarsarpaa, 'he repairs it', divalent -- transitive ending; matu = 'door', the absolutive object)" }, { "surface": "kaffiliorneq naluvunga", "natural": "I don't know how to make coffee (Nielsen2012's own example, §5.5.1.1)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.11", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§3c" ], "id": "V_neqnalu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_duqaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "an impersonal clause stating that at least one entity Vb's" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+ðuqaq", "notes": [ "AITWG:§8.11 Definition 8.13 directly names V{ðuqaq}V as the compact impersonal-cleft form corresponding to an intransitive participle plus N{-qaq}V. The source restricts the transformation to simple intransitive clauses with a 3.sg/pl subject, changes the subject from absolutive to instrumental, and gives the resulting verb a 3.sg ending. The combined construction is admitted as the source’s own affix identity; The unmarked outer attachment is additive; the internal N{-qaq}V truncation does not delete the verbal host consonant. The resulting verb is intransitive; no broader input-valency or allomorph rule is inferred." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_duqaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "there is at least one entity that ___s", "da": "der er nogen der ___", "da_short": "der er nogen der ___", "verb_phrase": "there is at least one entity that ___s", "composition": { "en": "there is at least one entity that ___", "da": "der er en eller flere der ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Converts a simple intransitive clause into an impersonal “there is/are someone who Vbs” cleft; the source restricts the construction to 3.sg/pl subjects and cites the third-person singular result.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angutimik sinittoqarpoq", "natural": "there is a man who sleeps (AITWG:§8.11, from angut ABS + sinippoq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§8.11" ], "id": "V_duqaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_daqaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "valency": "intransitive", "meaning": "Vb an indefinite or vague N in an intransitive clause with an instrumental object modifier" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ðaqaq", "notes": [ "AITWG:§8.11 Definition 8.14 directly defines V{-ðaqaq}V as a combination of the passive participle and N{-qaq}V: it changes a transitive clause with a definite object into an intransitive clause with a vague some/any object, which appears as a stranded instrumental modifier. This identity is limited to the source’s described construction; no general allomorph or extension beyond divalent bases is asserted." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_daqaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} ___s some or any ___ (intransitively, with an instrumental modifier)", "da": "nogen ___ nogle eller ingen ___ (intransitivt, med instrumentalis)", "da_short": "nogen ___ nogle eller ingen ___ (intransitivt)", "verb_phrase": "___ some or any ___ in an intransitive clause", "composition": { "en": "___ some or any ___ in an intransitive clause", "da": "nogen ___ nogle eller ingen ___ (intransitivt)" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ nogle eller ingen ___ (intransitivt, med instrumentalis)" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The source’s indefinite-object construction converts a definite transitive object into a stranded instrumental modifier and the verb into an intransitive form.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qimminik takusaqarpunga", "natural": "I saw some dogs (AITWG:§8.11, from qimmit takuakka “I saw the dogs”)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§8.11" ], "id": "V_daqaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ter_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb gradually, step by step, little by little (transitive: A makes P more and more Vb'ed)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ter_Vb:950a3d6e39eb", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb gradually, step by step, little by little (transitive: A makes P more and more Vb'ed)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+ter", "notes": [ "A verbal-side cognate of this repo's existing denominal N_teQ_Vb ('A covers/sprinkles/smears P with N', kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml) sharing the same root, but a distinct V-to-V affix with only a vaguely related meaning -- not conflated, matching that entry's own note that the two 'derive from the same morpheme, although their meanings seem to be only vaguely related' per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary.", "MOFO describes incoming attachment as normally additive, with t-stem truncation probably no longer productive. This does not establish a general productive t-deletion rule.", "Outgoing behavior is separate from incoming attachment. MOFO explicitly preserves the affix's final /q/ before vowel-initial suffixes, weakening it to /r/ in sinerparteruppaa and in the HTR stem /teri/. These facts belong to this verbal affix; they are not transferred from N_teQ_Vb's fields. The existing aterterpoq example also has a consonant-final base.", "The exact .terpoq and -terpoq suffix rows independently attest gradual or stepwise activity. Kleinschmidt1871:.terpoq#e10021 only tentatively adds causative meaning for selected examples; this is not a universal valency change. Incoming t-stem behavior and outgoing q preservation remain separate questions." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ gradually (step by step / little by little)", "da": "at gøre det gradvist (trin for trin)", "verb_phrase": "___ gradually (step by step / little by little) (transitive: {{Actor}} makes {{Patient}} more and more ___-ed)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det gradvist (trin for trin)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} gradually (step by step / little by little)" }, "da_short": "at ___ gradvist (trin for trin)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+ter- 3' (intr.) and '+ter- 2' (tr.) entries (§5.3.3.11, 'Mere og mere') are glossed 'vb-e efterhånden/mere og mere' ('Vb gradually/more and more') and 'sbj gør obj mere og mere vb-et' ('A makes P more and more Vb-ed') respectively, giving the identical worked examples below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aterterpoq", "natural": "he goes down little by little, e.g. from a mountain (Nielsen2012's example, from aterpoq, 'he goes downward')" }, { "surface": "aserorterpaa", "natural": "he destroys it more and more (Nielsen2012's example, from aserorpoq, 'it goes to pieces')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11", "MOFO:vv/təq", "Oqaatsit1997:sinerparteruppaa#e14988", "Kleinschmidt1871:.terpoq#e10021", "Oqaatsit1997:-terpoq#e17516" ], "id": "V_ter_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_toor_accidental_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject happens to Vb, with connotations of the verbal action being accidental, unfortunate, or occurring despite expectations", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_toor_accidental_Vb:4d8a9ebc1e2f", "items": [ { "text": "Subject happens to Vb, with connotations of the verbal action being accidental, unfortunate, or occurring despite expectations", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+toor", "notes": [ "Bracket V{ðuuq}V; underlying_form follows the citation's own 't'-initial spelling, the same apical-respelling precedent already used for V_tit_Vb/V_tariaqaq_Vb/V_tuusaar_Vb. A '+soor' variant is also attested on some hosts (old orthography '-sôrpoĸ, -ssôrpoĸ'), not modeled as a separate allomorph field here.", "DISAMBIGUATION -- surface homograph, different morpheme: distinct from this repo's own N_EQU_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml), the equative-case verbalizer 'S acts like N; S speaks the language N' -- an N->V affix sharing the identical modern citation spelling '+toorpoq'/'±toorpoq' (independently confirmed as a wholly separate affix by both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012, which file it under the equative-verbalizer sense only). This V->V 'happen to Vb' sense was found independently attested only in Nielsen2012 among the sources checked.", "DISAMBIGUATION from V_tuu_Vb (this file, participle+copula 'characteristically Vb-ing'): mid-chain -toor- / -tuu- / -suu- stacks can both exact-match (pilot aalersuutissaq, #544 theme 1). Prefer this accidental 'happen to Vb' entry only with accidental/unfortunate evidence; classificatory / 'intended as' noun stacks favour V_tuu_Vb or clearer deverbal paths. See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme1-affix-ambiguity-dossiers.md." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} happens to ___", "da": "nogen kommer til at gøre det (ved et tilfælde)", "verb_phrase": "happen to ___, with connotations of the verbal action being accidental, unfortunate, or occurring despite expectations", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen kommer til at gøre det (ved et tilfælde)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} happens to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} happens to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen kommer til at ___", "composition": { "en": "happen to ___, with connotations of the verbal action being accidental, unfortunate, or occurring despite expectations" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+Toor-' entry (§5.3.3.6) is glossed closely ('vb-e tilfældigvis, uheldigvis, fordi skæbnen vil det' = 'Vb by chance, unfortunately, because fate wills it').", "examples": [ { "surface": "unittoorpoq", "natural": "it has stalled/come to a halt (Nielsen2012's example, §5.3.3.6, from unippoq, 'it has come to a standstill')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6" ], "id": "V_toor_accidental_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ngisungar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Agent almost/nearly Vb's Patient, with a dramatic element (Nielsen2012 notes this is normally used only in narrative style)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ngisungar_Vb:32a6d0b8b831", "items": [ { "text": "Agent almost/nearly Vb's Patient, with a dramatic element (Nielsen2012 notes this is normally used only in narrative style)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngisungar", "notes": [ "Bracket ŋŋisuŋaq; underlying_form matches Nielsen2012's own identical headword spelling ('÷nngisungar-'). Built on the negation root V{ŋŋit}V (this repo's own V_ngngit_Vb, sentential_affixes.yaml) plus a non-productive affix V{-suŋaq}V ('almost/nearly', not itself modeled in this repo); the combination retains the 'almost' meaning of the non-negated -suŋaq root despite containing a negation, an irregularity neither MOFO nor Nielsen2012 explains.", "Distinct from this repo's own V_ngajak_Vb (also 'almost/about to Vb', the same Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.1 semantic subgroup): Nielsen2012 lists '÷nngisungar-' as its own separate headword with its own distinguishing note, not a variant of '÷ngajag-'." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ngisungar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} almost ___-s {{Agent}}, with a dramatic element; {{Actor}} nearly ___-s {{Patient}}, with a dramatic element", "da": "nogen er lige ved at gøre det ved nogen (dramatisk)", "verb_phrase": "almost ___-s {{Agent}}, with a dramatic element; nearly ___-s {{Patient}}, with a dramatic element", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er lige ved at gøre det ved nogen (dramatisk)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} almost {{verb}} {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} nearly {{verb}} {{Patient}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} almost {{verb:3sg}} {{Patient}}; {{Actor}} nearly {{verb:3sg}} {{Patient}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er lige ved at ___ ved nogen", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '÷nngisungar-' entry (§5.3.3.1) is glossed identically ('næsten vb-e med et moment af dramatik' = 'almost Vb with a moment of drama'; 'normalt kun i fortællestil' = 'normally only in narrative style'), giving the SAME worked example as MOFO's own citation.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tikinngisungarpaa", "natural": "he nearly reached it (Nielsen2012's example, from tikippaa, 'he reaches it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "id": "V_ngisungar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_pajuk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb a little/half-heartedly (mildly derogatory tone)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-pajup", "notes": [ "Bracket -pajuk; citation -pajuppoq shows k+p -> pp assimilation (the same pattern as this file's sibling entries V_piluk_Vb/V_rujuk_Vb/V_ruluk_Vb/V_pallak_Vb).", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 independently attests the identical root, headword '÷pajug-, vb-e lidt; har en let nedsættende klang' ('Vb a little; has a slightly disparaging tone'), with examples pasinapajuppoq and ilaaqqutipajuppoq below. Not listed under AITWG-Affixes' own ch.7 verbal-modifiers headwords -- this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone.", "Not to be confused with the cross-category nominal sibling N_pajuk_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, bracket {-pajuk}N, 'a bad/poor N') -- same root, different word-class direction." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ a little; to ___ half-heartedly", "da": "at gøre det lidt; at gøre det halvhjertet", "verb_phrase": "___ a little; ___ half-heartedly", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det lidt; at gøre det halvhjertet", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} a little; to {{verb}} half-heartedly" }, "da_short": "at ___ lidt; at ___ halvhjertet", "composition": { "da": "at ___ lidt; at ___ halvhjertet" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pasinapajuppoq", "natural": "he is rather suspicious (Nielsen2012's example, from pasinarpoq, 'he is suspicious')" }, { "surface": "ilaaqqutipajuppoq", "natural": "he tags along half-heartedly/for appearance's sake (Nielsen2012's example, from ilaaqquppoq, 'he follows/joins in'; a t(e)-stem)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "id": "V_pajuk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qinnaaq2_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is about to Vb (North Greenlandic usage)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qinnaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012 distinguishes this North-Greenlandic about-to ÷qinnaar-2 (Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1) from completive ÷qinnaar-1 (Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12), already represented separately by V_qinnaaq_Vb. Preserve the two source-numbered senses despite identical citation spelling. The separately authored double-q V_qqinnaaq_Vb is not merged by this reference correction.", "Not to be confused with this repo's own V_qqinnaaq_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, above, '-qqinnaar', 'is completely Vb'ing'), whose own note already flags '÷qinnaar-' as a distinct, unrelated root -- this is that flagged root, now independently attested." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is about to ___ (North Greenlandic usage)", "da": "nogen er ved at gøre det (nordgrønlandsk)", "verb_phrase": "be about to ___ (North Greenlandic usage)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen er ved at gøre det (nordgrønlandsk)", "en_short": "{{Subject}} is about to ___", "da_short": "nogen er ved at ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012 tags this sense as North Greenlandic ('nordgrønlandsk'); no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes/MOFO corroboration was found for this specific dialectal sense beyond Nielsen2012's own entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inortueqinnaarpoq", "natural": "he was about to arrive late (Nielsen2012's example, from inortuivoq, 'he arrives late')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12" ], "id": "V_qinnaaq2_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ummisaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is suddenly overcome by Vb'ing, repeatedly/at intervals (used with verbs of feeling/mood/emotion; distinct from the plain sudden-shift V_ummiq_Vb and from the unrelated back-and-forth V_umicaaq_Vb, despite the overlapping -umi(saar)- substring)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ummisaaq_Vb:83e6ca1396b7", "items": [ { "text": "S is suddenly overcome by Vb'ing, repeatedly/at intervals (used with verbs of feeling/mood/emotion; distinct from the plain sudden-shift V_ummiq_Vb and from the unrelated back-and-forth V_umicaaq_Vb, despite the overlapping -umi(saar)- substring)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3", "Oqaatsit1997:ersiummisaarpoq#e3257", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ersiummisaarpoq#e3155" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ummisaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Not listed under AITWG-Affixes' own ch.7 verbal-modifiers headwords; this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone.", "Genuinely distinct from this repo's own V_ummiq_Vb (§5.3.3.2, above, '-ummer', 'becomes suddenly Vb'ing') and V_umicaaq_Vb (§5.3.3.3, above, '-umisaar', 'Vb back and forth, at intervals'): Nielsen2012 lists '÷ummisaar-' as its own separate, adjacent headword immediately after '÷umisaar-' (V_umicaaq_Vb) in §5.3.3.3; the surface similarity to both siblings is real but not asserted here as a confirmed compositional relationship, since neither Nielsen2012 nor MOFO analyses it as built from either." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is suddenly overcome by ___-ing, repeatedly; {{Subject}} is suddenly overcome by ___-ing, at intervals", "da": "nogen bliver pludselig grebet af at gøre det, gentagne gange", "verb_phrase": "be suddenly overcome by ___-ing, repeatedly (used with verbs of feeling/mood/emotion; distinct from the plain sudden-shift V_ummiq_Vb and from the unrelated back-and-forth V_umicaaq_Vb, despite the overlapping -umi(saar)- substring); be suddenly overcome by ___-ing, at intervals (used with verbs of feeling/mood/emotion; distinct from the plain sudden-shift V_ummiq_Vb and from the unrelated back-and-forth V_umicaaq_Vb, despite the overlapping -umi(saar)- substring)", "da_verb_phrase": "nogen bliver pludselig grebet af at gøre det, gentagne gange", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is suddenly overcome by {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} is suddenly overcome by {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen bliver pludselig grebet af at ___, gentagne gange", "composition": { "da": "nogen bliver pludselig grebet af at ___, gentagne gange" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '÷ummisaar-' entry (§5.3.3.3), glossed 'vb-e pludseligt med mellemrum/med en øjeblikkelig følelse af' ('Vb suddenly at intervals/with a momentary feeling of'); no independent Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes/MOFO corroboration was found.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nilliummisaarpoq", "natural": "he gives a little shriek now and then (Nielsen2012's example, from nillerpoq, 'he gives a shriek')" }, { "surface": "ersiummisaarpoq", "natural": "he is now and then overcome by a feeling of fear (Nielsen2012's example, from ersivoq, 'he is afraid')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3", "Oqaatsit1997:ersiummisaarpoq#e3257", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ersiummisaarpoq#e3155" ], "id": "V_ummisaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_nnguar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb a little (somewhat)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nnguar", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION: distinct from this repo's existing V_nnguaq_Vb (sentential_affixes.yaml, underlying_form -nnguaq, q-final, affection/comfort sense) -- Nielsen2012 itself numbers these as two separate headwords, '÷nnguar- 1' (this entry, Sec.5.3.3.5's degree sense, r-final) and '÷nnguar- 2' (Sec.5.4.4.1's affection/comfort sense, already modeled as V_nnguaq_Vb, whose own notes cite the '2' headword only).", "Enlarged printed Nielsen2012 page 101 confirms ÷nnguar- 1 and igavoq -> igannguarpoq ('he cooked a little'). The previous doubled -nngu- syllable and additive marker were transcription errors, not sound rules.", "No independent Bjornum2012 or AITWG-Affixes match found (grepped both for 'nnguar'; only hits are the unrelated ŋŋuaq affection/comfort affix and the pinnguaq- 'toy/play' homograph family)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ a little (somewhat)", "da": "at gøre det lidt (noget)", "verb_phrase": "___ a little (somewhat)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det lidt (noget)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} a little (somewhat)" }, "da_short": "at ___ lidt (noget)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "igannguarpoq", "natural": "he cooked a little (Nielsen2012's example, from igavoq, 'he cooks'; citation form checked against printed PDF page 101)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5" ], "id": "V_nnguar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_arsuk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb half-heartedly, without putting much into it", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_arsuk_Vb:5cc1b272bb78", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb half-heartedly, without putting much into it", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-arsup", "notes": [ "Citation -arsuppoq (after a short-vowel/consonant host) shows k+p -> pp total assimilation, the same pattern as this file's sibling entries V_pajuk_Vb/V_kujuk_Vb/V_rujuk_Vb; Nielsen2012 separately records a long-vowel-host allomorph '÷varsug-' with an epenthetic /v/ (asaavoq -> asaavarsuppoq), not modeled as its own underlying_form here.", "DISAMBIGUATION: this file's own V_aqcuk_Vb (AITWG-Affixes-sourced, bracket -aqcuk, same 'half-heartedly' gloss) is explicitly flagged in its own notes as a root distinct from this Nielsen2012 arsug- entry -- despite both surfacing as '-arsuppoq' in citation form, recorded here as an open question for a future reviewer rather than silently resolved.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6 is the only attestation found for this headword; grepped docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ and docs/affixlist/ for 'arsug'/'varsug' -- no independent corroboration located." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ half-heartedly (without putting much into it)", "da": "at gøre det halvhjertet (uden at lægge sig i selen)", "verb_phrase": "___ half-heartedly (without putting much into it)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det halvhjertet (uden at lægge sig i selen)", "en_short": "to ___ half-heartedly (without putting much into it)", "da_short": "at ___ halvhjertet (uden at lægge sig i selen)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "neriarsuppoq", "natural": "he eats, but not much (Nielsen2012's example, from nerivoq, 'he eats')" }, { "surface": "asaavarsuppoq", "natural": "he mops the floor, but does a poor job of it (Nielsen2012's example, from asaavoq, 'he mops the floor'; shows the long-vowel ÷varsug- allomorph)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.6" ], "id": "V_arsuk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_nerumaar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb somewhat more, a good deal more", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nerumaar_Vb:7e32ff221dc8", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb somewhat more, a good deal more", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nerumaar", "notes": [ "Closely related to this file's own V_neru_Vb ('+neru-', comparative 'more Vb'ing'), whose own notes already fold in two other intensified siblings Nielsen2012 lists nearby in the same Sec.5.3.3.7 section (+nerpaa-, +nerujussuu-) as combination notes rather than separate entries -- but neither AITWG-Affixes nor Nielsen2012 explicitly analyzes +nerumaar- as a neru-plus-something combination the way they do for those two, so it is drafted here as its own headword rather than folded in without textual support; a future reviewer may want to revisit this.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 is the only attestation found for this headword; grepped docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ and docs/affixlist/ for 'nerumaar' -- no independent corroboration located." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ somewhat more (a good deal more)", "da": "at gøre det noget mere (en hel del mere)", "verb_phrase": "___ somewhat more (a good deal more)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det noget mere (en hel del mere)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} somewhat more (a good deal more)" }, "da_short": "at ___ noget mere (en hel del mere)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anginerumaarpoq", "natural": "he/it is a good deal bigger (Nielsen2012's example, from angivoq, 'he/it is big')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_nerumaar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_suataaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb with all one's might, everything one can (an intensified sibling of V_suar_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_suataaq_Vb:6430e3fec5d6", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb with all one's might, everything one can (an intensified sibling of V_suar_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+suataar", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+rsuataar" }, "notes": [ "Bracket (r)suataar; citation +suataarpoq. A verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml note (V_ataaq_Vb, line 2055) lists '-ssuataarpoq' among compounds it BELIEVES are 'already modeled by this repo's own separate entries', but no such entry actually exists in this repo (verified by grep across kalaallisut_data/) -- that claim appears to be an oversight; this entry fills the actual gap.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012 corroboration found (checked docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md for 'suataar'); this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ with all one's might, everything one can", "da": "at gøre det af al sin kraft", "verb_phrase": "___ with all one's might, everything one can (an intensified sibling of V_suar_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det af al sin kraft", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} with all one's might, everything one can", "third_singular": "to {{verb:3sg}} with all one's might, everything one can" }, "da_short": "at ___ af al sin kraft", "composition": { "en": "___ with all one's might, everything one can", "da": "at ___ af al sin kraft" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerersuataarpoq", "natural": "he eats everything he can (Nielsen2012's example, from nerivoq, 'he eats')" }, { "surface": "sinissuataarpoq", "natural": "he sleeps deeply and a lot (Nielsen2012's example, from sinippoq, 'he sleeps')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_suataaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_tajaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb quite a lot, with an overdoing/excessive nuance", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_tajaaq_Vb:52c8feee6d2e", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb quite a lot, with an overdoing/excessive nuance", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tajaar", "notes": [ "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012 corroboration found (checked docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md for 'tajaar'); this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ quite a lot (with an overdoing/excessive nuance)", "da": "at gøre det en hel del (i overdreven grad)", "verb_phrase": "___ quite a lot (with an overdoing/excessive nuance)", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det en hel del (i overdreven grad)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} quite a lot (with an overdoing/excessive nuance)" }, "da_short": "at ___ en hel del (i overdreven grad)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ingasattajaarpoq", "natural": "he overdoes it, it's simply too much (Nielsen2012's example, from ingasappoq, 'it is too much')" }, { "surface": "tammartajaarpoq", "natural": "he wanders around unable to find his way (Nielsen2012's example, from tammarpoq, 'he goes missing/gets lost')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_tajaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_ar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb for a longer/extended period of time" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ar", "notes": [ "Exact modern yawn rows independently attest the existing aatsaarpoq example. Nielsen2012 section 5.3.3.9 explicitly pairs aatsarpoq and aatsaarpoq under duration ar; dictionary spelling alone does not independently establish segmentation, invariant roots or general duration behavior.", "DISAMBIGUATION: a bare vowel-initial '-ar' root, distinct from every other -aar-tailed affix already in this repo (V_jaaq_Vb 'early', V_laaq_Vb 'a little', V_alaaq_Vb, V_leqtuq_Vb, etc.) which all carry additional root material before the -ar; Nielsen2012 headwords this as its own bolded, unqualified '÷ar-' entry.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012 corroboration found (checked docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md for 'ingerlaar'/'aallaar'); this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ for a longer period of time; to ___ for an extended period of time", "da": "at gøre det i et længere tidsrum; at gøre det i et udvidet tidsrum", "verb_phrase": "___ for a longer period of time; ___ for an extended period of time", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det i et længere tidsrum; at gøre det i et udvidet tidsrum", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} for a longer period of time; to {{verb}} for an extended period of time" }, "da_short": "at ___ i et længere tidsrum; at ___ i et udvidet tidsrum", "composition": { "en": "___ for a longer period of time; ___ for an extended period of time", "da": "at ___ i et længere tidsrum; at ___ i et udvidet tidsrum" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ingerlaarpoq", "natural": "he walked for a while (Nielsen2012's example, from ingerlavoq, 'he walks/is underway')" }, { "surface": "aallaarpoq", "natural": "he is off on a trip (Nielsen2012's example, from aallarpoq, 'he sets off')" }, { "surface": "aatsaarpoq", "natural": "she yawned (Nielsen2012's example, from aatsarpoq, 'she opens her mouth')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aatsaarpoq#e346", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aatsaarpoq#e346", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.9" ], "id": "V_ar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_joraa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb something gradually, one thing after another (intransitive counterpart of V_juraq_Vb's transitive 'A Vb's all the Ps one after another')", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_joraa_Vb:6598c7cf011e", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb something gradually, one thing after another (intransitive counterpart of V_juraq_Vb's transitive 'A Vb's all the Ps one after another')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-joraa", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012 headwords this as its own separate intr. entry, distinct from the transitive ÷jorar-/÷joqqar- pair already modeled as V_juraq_Vb (same 'jor-' root, different valency and citation tail).", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012 corroboration found (checked docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md for 'joraa'/'tigooraa'); this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_joraa_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ something gradually (one thing after another)", "da": "at gøre noget gradvist (en ting efter en anden)", "verb_phrase": "___ something gradually (one thing after another) (intransitive counterpart of V_juraq_Vb's transitive '{{Actor}} ___-s all the Ps one after another')", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre noget gradvist (en ting efter en anden)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} something gradually (one thing after another)", "third_singular": "to {{verb:3sg}} something gradually (one thing after another)" }, "da_short": "at gøre noget gradvist (en ting efter en anden)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tigooraavoq", "natural": "he takes them one after another (Nielsen2012's example, from tiguaa, 'he takes it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "id": "V_joraa_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_jortui_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb gradually (intransitive counterpart of V_qcuq_Vb's transitive 'to Vb P gradually')", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-jortui", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012 headwords this as its own separate intr. entry, distinct from the transitive ÷jortor- already modeled as V_qcuq_Vb (same root, different valency and citation tail).", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012 corroboration found (checked docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md for 'jortui'/'paasiortui'); this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_jortui_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ gradually", "da": "at gøre det gradvist", "verb_phrase": "___ gradually (intransitive counterpart of V_qcuq_Vb's transitive 'to ___ {{Patient}} gradually')", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det gradvist", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} gradually" }, "da_short": "at ___ gradvist", "composition": { "da": "at ___ gradvist" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "paasiortuivoq", "natural": "he gradually understands (Nielsen2012's example, from paasivaa, 'he understands it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "id": "V_jortui_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_teri_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to become more and more Vb'ed (intransitive)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+teri", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012 headwords this as its own bolded '+teri- 2' entry, separate from its own '+ter- 2'/'+ter- 3' pair already modeled as V_ter_Vb -- a genuinely distinct, if closely related, root per this repo's practice of not merging separately-headworded near-synonyms (e.g. V_riasaaq_Vb/V_riataaq_Vb).", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012 corroboration found (checked docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md for 'teri'); this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_teri_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to become more and more ___-ed", "da": "at blive mere og mere sådan", "verb_phrase": "become more and more ___-ed (intransitive)", "da_verb_phrase": "at blive mere og mere sådan", "en_short": { "default": "to become more and more {{verb:past}}", "past": "to become more and more {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "at blive mere og mere sådan", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aserorterivoq", "natural": "he commits vandalism (Nielsen2012's example, from aserorpoq, 'it breaks/goes to pieces')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.11" ], "id": "V_teri_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_lluataaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb really well" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+lluataar", "notes": [ "Bracket lluataaq; citation +lluataarpoq. A verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml note (V_ataaq_Vb, line 2055) lists '-lluataarpoq' among compounds it BELIEVES are 'already modeled by this repo's own separate entries', but no such entry actually exists in this repo (verified by grep across kalaallisut_data/) -- that claim appears to be an oversight; this entry fills the actual gap.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012 corroboration found (checked docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md for 'lluataar'); this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone. A cousin of the existing V_lluaq_Vb ('to Vb well'), kept separate per Nielsen's own distinct bolded headword." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ really well", "da": "at gøre det virkelig godt", "verb_phrase": "___ really well", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre det virkelig godt", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} really well" }, "da_short": "at ___ virkelig godt", "composition": { "en": "___ really well", "da": "at ___ virkelig godt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inuulluataarpoq", "natural": "he lives really well (Nielsen2012's example, from inuuvoq, 'he lives')" }, { "surface": "piniarluataarpoq", "natural": "he does his best as a hunter (Nielsen2012's example, from piniarpoq, 'he is out hunting')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12" ], "id": "V_lluataaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_qinnaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to have Vb'ed completely/thoroughly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qinnaar", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12 gives completive ÷qinnaar-1 with qasuqinnaarpoq and nungoqinnaarpaa. Its North-Greenlandic about-to ÷qinnaar-2 is separately represented by V_qinnaaq2_Vb (Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1). Both remain distinct from the separately authored double-q V_qqinnaaq_Vb; neither the broadly similar meaning nor dictionary -qqinnaarpoq rows alone establishes single/double-q identity.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012 corroboration found (checked docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/9-affikser.md for 'qinnaar'); this entry rests on Nielsen2012 alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have ___-ed completely; to have ___-ed thoroughly", "da": "at have gjort det helt og grundigt", "verb_phrase": "have ___-ed completely; have ___-ed thoroughly", "da_verb_phrase": "at have gjort det helt og grundigt", "en_short": "to have ___-ed completely; to have ___-ed thoroughly", "da_short": "at have gjort det helt og grundigt", "composition": { "en": "have ___-ed completely; have ___-ed thoroughly", "da": "at have ___ helt og grundigt" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qasuqinnaarpoq", "natural": "he is completely worn out (Nielsen2012's example, from qasuvoq, 'he is tired')" }, { "surface": "nungoqinnaarpaa", "natural": "he ate it all up, down to the last crumb (Nielsen2012's example, from nunguppaa, 'he ate it up')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "id": "V_qinnaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_tariaqaarut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Patient no longer needs to be Vb'ed (qaq-containing compound; passive scope attested by Nielsen)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tariaqaarut", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5 separately heads +Tariaqaarutə- and gives three passive examples. This entry captures that narrow Patient reading. AITWG-Affixes:p.33 and MOFO:vv/ðarijaqairut(ə) give an active Subject gloss instead; that reading and its argument structure remain unresolved, not silently equated with the passive.", "Distinct from V_tariaarut_Vb, whose citation lacks the qaq-containing segment. The occurrence in V_tariaqaq_Vb's component note did not provide a whole entry. No decomposition algorithm or unrestricted attachment is asserted here.", "Productivity:nonproductive follows the full cited MOFO record's stem/nonproductive tag, whose prose says use is limited but occasionally found in texts. The linguistic form and passive examples are independently attested by Nielsen. MOFO labels the stem qstem despite its parenthetical t(ə) tail; stem-type and right-sandhi fields remain unset pending resolution.", "The source also attests +sariaqaaruppoq, including iluarsisariaqaaruppoq. Exact host conditioning is not generalized into a vowel-final allomorph rule here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "no longer needs to be ___-ed", "da": "behøver ikke længere at blive ___", "en_short": { "default": "no longer needs to be {{verb:past}}", "past": "no longer needs to be {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "behøver ikke længere at blive ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iluarsisariaqaaruppoq", "natural": "it is no longer necessary to correct it (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.6.5)" }, { "surface": "qalipattariaqaaruppoq", "natural": "it no longer needs to be painted (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.6.5)" }, { "surface": "ammartariaqaaruppoq", "natural": "it no longer needs to be opened (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.6.5)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5", "AITWG-Affixes:p.33", "MOFO:vv/ðarijaqairut(ə)" ], "id": "V_tariaqaarut_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers" } ], "V_nertu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "to Vb greatly/strongly, or be very inclined to Vb; with duration-implying stems, to continue Vb'ing for long", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nertu_Vb:b747dd344126", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb greatly/strongly, or be very inclined to Vb; with duration-implying stems, to continue Vb'ing for long", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/nəqtu", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nertu", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {nəqtu}, a lexicalised combination of the abstract participle V{nəq}N and N_tu_Vb (this repo's own N_tu_Vb entry, see denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) -- MOFO records it as its own dictionary entry with its own citation forms, not merely a live derivation. MOFO notes Kleinschmidt's restriction that this affix only combines with monovalent stems (intransitive, or divalent stems that have first been half-transitivised via an HTR-morpheme) -- not modeled as a schema field, this schema has no way to express a combinatorial restriction like that; recorded in prose only.", "MOFO records TWO left-sandhi behaviors, same structure as N_tu_Vb's own note: the normal case (plain additive, modeled here as left_sandhi:default, inherited from the V{nəq}N component) and a rare elision of a preceding /ə/, likewise not asserted as this entry's left_sandhi value for the same reasons N_tu_Vb gives (MOFO's own productivity hedge, plus this repo's unimplemented isSchwa detection, SG-2).", "Like N_tu_Vb, this affix has a non-productive V->V sibling with the same meaning, {tu}V (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vv/tu.html) -- MOFO explicitly says the present affix would normally be used instead. Also mentioned but not modeled: V{'-qtu}V, formed from this affix with loss of /nə/ and compensatory gemination; V{nəkit}V, the antonym ('is greatly disinclined to Vb')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ greatly; to ___ strongly; to be very inclined to ___", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} greatly; to {{verb}} strongly" }, "da": "at gøre det meget; at gøre det kraftigt; at være meget tilbøjelig til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "___ greatly; ___ strongly; be very inclined to ___; continue ___-ing for long (with duration-implying stems)", "da_short": "at ___ meget; at ___ kraftigt", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ meget; ___ kraftigt; er meget tilbøjelig til at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#97](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/97), P10): Nielsen (§5.3.3.7 s.v. +nertu) gives the identical example pair kamannertuvoq/inuunertuvoq already used in this entry's own pedagogy.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kamannertuvoq", "natural": "He gets very angry. / He is easily angered. (from kamappoq, 'he is angry' -- MOFO notes both readings are possible)" }, { "surface": "inuunertuvoq", "natural": "He lives long. / He keeps on living. (from inuuvoq, 'he is alive')" }, { "surface": "ersinertooq", "natural": "Someone who characteristically gets very scared. (from ersivoq, 'he is scared'; the /uq/-participle form, illustrating right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision directly)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/nəqtu", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "V_nertu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_si_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "half-transitivising (HTR): gives a divalent, patient-preserving stem intransitive form, without changing the stem's meaning -- 'Agent Vb's (something)', with the Patient left unmarked/indefinite instead of appearing in the ending", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_si_Vb:a1b93640bc91", "items": [ { "text": "half-transitivising (HTR): gives a divalent, patient-preserving stem intransitive form, without changing the stem's meaning -- 'Agent Vb's (something)', with the Patient left unmarked/indefinite instead of appearing in the ending", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/ði", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§6 (pp.67–68)", "AITWG:§9.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-si", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "host_boundary_operations": [ "use_additive_join_on_vowel_final_stem", "use_additive_join_on_alveolar_final_stem", "preserve_preceding_t_before_s" ], "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ði}, 'the most commonly used HTR-morpheme' (used on most stems except ə-stems and a few other vowel stems) -- already referenced by name (as 'the usual HTR-morpheme V{ði}V') in this repo's own tuni, tunniut, and ujaq entries before this one existed. MOFO records genuinely irregular left-sandhi, varying by stem type: q-stems mostly join truncatively (atorpaa -> atuivoq) but sometimes as -si- instead (najorpaa -> najorsivoq); stems ending /VVq/ or /əq/ weaken the /q/ to /r/ and join additively (imerterpaa -> imerterivoq); k-stems mostly join additively as -si- but sometimes truncatively instead (nuuppaa -> nuussivoq); t-stems join additively with /tð/ -> 'ts' (see the independently cited toqut and ilinniartit host entries); vowel-stems (the case this entry models) join additively as -si- or -ði- (tunivaa -> tunisivoq); ə-stems elide /ə/ and join onto the preceding consonant as -ci- (uncommon); t(ə)-stems join as -ci-, sometimes assimilating the /t/ (-> [cci]) and sometimes not (-> [tci], spelt 'tsi'). This entry models only the vowel-stem case (additive, -si-/-ði-) as its application_logic.boundary_behavior/underlying_form; the additive vowel/alveolar host gates and plain t+s operation are now represented by the structured host_boundary_operations below, while remaining host-class branches stay source notes rather than rules.", "MOFO notes it is unclear when the -si- form is used versus the expected -ði- form on vowel-stems, but that the distinction is invisible in the new orthography anyway, since phonemic /c/ and /s/ are both spelt 's'.", "MOFO records this affix's Diathesis as 'Subjective' (not modeled -- this schema has no diathesis field, see tuni's note for the out-of-scope reference).", "AITWG:§9.2 Definition 9.3, pp.178–179, presents {ði}, {ci}, and {-i} as HTR forms with lexically conditioned selection: ut(ə)-stems give /t(ə)ði/ → /cci/ (ingerlassivoq); most t-stems give /tði/ → /tci/ (toqutsivoq, +titsivoq); most k-stems take {ci}; most q-stems take {-i}, but /əq/ and /vvq/ retain weakened /r/ (+terivoq, +saarivoq). These are stated as rules of thumb overall, not automatic per-word rules; aallerpoq and ujaasivoq/ujarlerpoq are named exceptions.", "AITWG:§9.2 Definition 9.3 gives the t-final pattern /tð/ -> /tci/ and cites {tuqut}V -> {tuqutci}V (toqutsivoq); Bjørnum2012:K3§6 independently attests the HTR pattern in ilinniartitsivoq from ilinniartit. host_boundary_operations: [preserve_preceding_t_before_s] selects stop preservation only when the host explicitly declares morphology_class.stem_type: alveolar_final_stem and right_sandhi: consonant_cluster_assimilation, and the resolved boundary is t+s. This does not select the operation from surface spelling alone or cover unclassified t-final hosts. use_additive_join_on_vowel_final_stem represents MOFO’s stated additive vowel-stem branch. use_additive_join_on_alveolar_final_stem selects additive attachment for classed alveolar t-final hosts while their own right_sandhi continues to determine the t+s realization, including schwa-buffered hosts such as tunniut." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_si_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "turns a 'do something to {{Agent}}' verb into a plain 'do something' verb — the {{Patient}} is left unsaid, the meaning stays the same", "en_short": "'___ something' without saying what", "da": "gør et 'gøre noget ved nogen'-udsagnsord til et almindeligt 'gøre noget'-udsagnsord, uden at sige hvem/hvad", "da_short": "gør et udsagnsord til et uden objekt", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "patient_decreasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch): Nielsen (§5.3.2.6.3) gives the identical tiguaa/tigusivoq pair already used in this entry's own pedagogy. Bjørnum's own Halvtransitive affikser chapter (K3§6) devotes its entire fourth pattern to exactly this morpheme (+sivoq/-tsivoq, 'ved konsonantstammen'), and its own worked-example table includes BOTH this entry's tiguaa->tigusivoq example AND independently corroborates this entry's own note about k-stems 'sometimes' taking -si- truncatively instead of additively, listing nuuppaa->nuussivoq as its own example -- the same verb MOFO's own entry cites for exactly that alternation.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tunisivoq", "natural": "He gives (something) (to someone). (from tunivaa, 'he gives it to him' -- this repo's own tuni entry; a vowel-stem taking -si-)" }, { "surface": "tigusivoq", "natural": "He takes (something). (from tiguaa, 'he takes it'; a vowel-stem taking -si-)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ði", "AITWG:§9.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§6 (pp.67–68)" ], "id": "V_si_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_niutigi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Patient is Agent's cause/reason for Vb'ing", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-niutigi", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {niutəgə}, historically a combination of V{niutə}N and N{-gə}V, but recorded by MOFO as its own lexicalised dictionary entry with its own citation forms. This affix is valency-increasing: it adds a new Patient role, so if the base stem is already divalent, that stem's own Patient is shadowed by the affix's own Patient role.", "underlying_form '-niutigi' is the pre-contraction bare form, derived the same way as this repo's atsigaaq (from {aŋtəgə}V) -- both affixes share the same {-təgə}-family final shape, so the same word-final /ə/->'i' derivation applies (attested surface 'niutigaa' = niutigi + -gaa, with the stem-final schwa contracting into the vowel-initial ending, matching this entry's inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion).", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset, same open question already flagged on tuni/atsigaaq: MOFO's own facet for this affix is 'ə-stem' (this schema's schwa_final_stem value), but AITWG:§6.4's grounding for schwa_final_stem is titled 'Nominal stem-types' -- whether it extends to a non-nominal (here, affixal) ə-stem specifically has not been confirmed." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_niutigi_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} is {{Actor}}'s cause for ___-ing; {{Agent}} is {{Actor}}'s reason for ___-ing", "da": "nogen er grunden til at nogen gør det", "verb_phrase": "else is {{Patient}}'s cause for ___-ing; else is {{Agent}}'s reason for ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} else is {{Actor}}'s reason for {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} else is {{Actor}}'s reason for {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er grunden til at nogen ___", "composition": { "en": "else is {{Actor}}'s cause for ___-ing; else is {{Actor}}'s reason for ___-ing", "da": "er grunden til at nogen ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er grunden til at nogen ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "patient_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Needs owner judgment (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), one of two flagged cases in issue [#32](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/32)'s research pass): the only candidate hit found in the Nielsen/Bjørnum extracts is a single incidental occurrence, Nielsen §1.5's seventeen-syllable showcase compound '(akia) isumaqatigiinniutiginiarneqarsinnaavoq', glossed there as \"'(prisen på det) kan prøves at have som middel til at have en mening fælles', dvs. (prisen) kan forhandles\" (\"'(the price) can be tried to be had as a means to have a shared meaning', i.e. (the price) is negotiable\"). Nielsen's own gloss ('have som middel til', 'have as a means to') is suggestively close to this entry's own meaning ('Patient is Agent's cause/reason for Vb'ing'), and the surface string does contain '...niutigi...', but the morpheme segmentation of a compound this dense is genuinely ambiguous without independently parsing Nielsen's own analysis of the word (not given beyond the gloss). Per issue [#32](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/32)'s own framing this is NOT treated as a confirmed citation, and no provenance entry has been added for it -- recorded here so the hit isn't lost, but a from-scratch search (not reuse of this incidental occurrence) is recommended before citing Nielsen for this affix.", "examples": [ { "surface": "imerniutigaa", "natural": "It is his pretext for getting a drink. (imer- from imerpoq, 'he drinks')" }, { "surface": "inuuniutigaa", "natural": "It is what provides him with the necessities of life. (inuu- from inuuvoq, 'he is alive')" }, { "surface": "tikinniutigaa", "natural": "It is his reason for wanting to get home. (tikin- from tikippoq, 'he arrives')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/niutəgə" ], "id": "V_niutigi_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_neqaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Patient is/gets Vb'ed (dynamic passive -- a transition into a new state, contrasted with the static passive expressed by the passive-participle + copula construction)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_neqaq_Vb:63a734c69206", "items": [ { "text": "Patient is/gets Vb'ed (dynamic passive -- a transition into a new state, contrasted with the static passive expressed by the passive-participle + copula construction)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/nəqaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.4.4", "Nielsen2012:§6.1", "AITWG:§9.1" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-neqaq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {nəqaq}, a combination of the abstract participle V{nəq}N and N{-qaq}V (this repo's own N_qaq_Vb entry, 'to have') -- MOFO records it as its own lexicalised dictionary entry meaning 'dynamic passive', not a live application of N_qaq_Vb's own 'have' semantics.", "MOFO's own Valency line lists THREE values together: 'Avalent, Monovalent, Agent decreasing'. This entry models valency_scale:monovalent, matching the affix's own main description ('it reduces the valency to yield a monovalent stem'); the avalent possibility is not modeled as a separate fact.", "MOFO records this stem's left-sandhi as 'Default, ə-eliding', inherited from its V{nəq}N component -- same pattern already documented on this file's own V_nertu_Vb (also built on V{nəq}N). Only the default/additive case is modeled here; the elision case is not asserted as this entry's own field value, for the same reasons already given on V_nertu_Vb and N_tu_Vb.", "MOFO contrasts this dynamic passive against the STATIC passive (stem + passive participle V{-ðaq}N + copula N{-u}V, e.g. toqutaavoq, 'is/was killed' as a resulting state) using the same base verb this repo's toqut entry models -- a real, direct cross-reference, not just a shared schema value.", "AITWG:§9.1, pp.174–177, independently presents the dynamic passive as the conventional combination V{nəq}N + N{-qaq}V: the divalent base's patient becomes the intransitive subject, and its former agent may be specified optionally in ablative case without agreement in the verb ending. This contrasts with the static passive V{-ðaq}N + N{-u}V; the latter inherits the passive participle's irregular sandhi. The combined notation is a construction convention, not evidence that bare -qaq always passivizes." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_neqaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} is ___-ed; {{Patient}} gets ___-ed", "da": "nogen bliver gjort det ved (en forandring, ikke en tilstand)", "verb_phrase": "else is ___-ed; else gets ___-ed (dynamic passive -- a transition into a new state, contrasted with the static passive expressed by the passive-participle + copula construction)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Patient}} is {{verb:past}}; {{Patient}} gets {{verb:past}}", "past": "{{Patient}} is {{verb:past}}; {{Patient}} gets {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "nogen bliver ___", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver ___ ved (en forandring, ikke en tilstand)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "agent_decreasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#97](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/97), P13): Nielsen §5.3.2.6.5 defines +neqar- as 'dynamisk passiv, blive vb-et'; §6.4.4.4 explicitly contrasts dynamisk passiv (tunineqarpoq) against statisk passiv (tunisaavoq) and resultativ passiv (tunisippoq) -- built on this repo's own tuni stem, not just a MOFO-internal cross-reference; and §6.1 gives a near-identical worked example (angut toqunneqarpoq, 'manden blev slået ihjel') to this entry's own (qimmeq toqunneqarpoq), on this repo's own toqut stem.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qimmeq toqunneqarpoq", "natural": "The dog is/gets killed. (qimmeq = 'dog', absolutive; contrast the static passive qimmeq toqutaavoq, 'the dog is/was killed [as a resulting state]')" }, { "surface": "qimmeq Piitamit toqunneqarpoq", "natural": "The dog was killed by Piitaq. (Piitamit = 'by Piitaq', ablative case marking the optional agent)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/nəqaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.4.4", "Nielsen2012:§6.1", "AITWG:§9.1" ], "id": "V_neqaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_naq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is (such as to be) Vb'able; used impersonally to express a less personal relationship (compare English 'it is tiresome' vs. 'I am tired of it')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-naq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {naq} -- no schwa or other alternation to transliterate.", "On a monovalent base stem this affix yields an avalent result; on a divalent base stem it yields a monovalent result with the original Patient promoted to Subject. Legacy lexical_facts.valency deliberately left unset: none of this schema's three legacy values (transitive/intransitive/ambitransitive) cleanly describes an impersonal, frequently-avalent derivation like this one.", "MOFO records this affix's left-sandhi as 'Default, ə-eliding': the affix may elide a preceding /ə/, 'especially in lexicalised constructions' (e.g. illigaa -> illinnarpoq). Only the default/additive case is modeled here, for the same reasons already given on N_tu_Vb/V_nertu_Vb/V_neqaq_Vb -- not because this example is weaker than those (it is arguably better-documented, with several worked elision examples), but for consistency with how this repo treats every other instance of this same MOFO left-sandhi pattern." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is ___'able (impersonal)", "da": "er til at ___; er sådan at man ___", "verb_phrase": "be ___'able (impersonal)", "da_verb_phrase": "er til at ___; er sådan at man ___", "en_short": "is (such as to be) ___'able", "da_short": "er til at ___", "composition": { "da": "er til at ___; er sådan at man ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "subject_decreasing" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qiianarpoq", "natural": "It is cold. (literally 'it is such as to become cold'; from qiiavoq, 'he is cold')" }, { "surface": "qasunarpoq", "natural": "It is tiresome. (from qasuvoq, 'he is tired')" }, { "surface": "paasinarpoq", "natural": "It is understandable. (from paasivaa, 'he understands it' -- a divalent base, with the Patient promoted to Subject)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/naq", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +narpoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1" ], "id": "V_naq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_palaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Vb'ing can be heard; there is a sound of Vb'ing -- used only with an impersonal 3sg/4sg ending, no explicit Subject", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_palaaq_Vb:74fe381b791d", "items": [ { "text": "Vb'ing can be heard; there is a sound of Vb'ing -- used only with an impersonal 3sg/4sg ending, no explicit Subject", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/(q)valaaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-palaaq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {(q)valaaq}: the parenthesised /q/ is a conditional initial segment appearing after some stems and not others (the 'New orthography' citation gives both +palaarpoq and -rpalaarpoq as attested forms). underlying_form '-palaaq' models the simpler, directly-attested +palaarpoq shape; the /q/-initial conditioning is not modeled here.", "MOFO's own Valency line for this entry lists only ONE value, 'Decreasing' -- no valency_scale value is co-listed, the cleanest of the valency_effect additions in this batch. Legacy lexical_facts.valency also deliberately left unset: the affix is explicitly avalent/impersonal-only ('the resulting stem is avalent'), which none of this schema's three legacy values (transitive/intransitive/ambitransitive) describes accurately.", "MOFO also records a nominal variant, N{(q)valaaq}V, with a related meaning -- not modeled here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___-ing can be heard; there is a sound of ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb:gerund}} can be heard", "gerund": "{{verb:gerund}} can be heard" }, "da": "man kan høre at nogen gør det; der er en lyd af det", "da_short": "man kan høre at nogen ___", "composition": { "da": "kan høre at nogen ___; der er en lyd af det" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "kan høre at nogen ___; der er en lyd af det" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "decreasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#97](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/97), P11): Nielsen (§5.3.2.1.2 s.v. +(r)palaar- 2) gives the identical example pair qiarpalaarpoq/kuuppalaarpoq already used in this entry's own pedagogy.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qiarpalaarpoq", "natural": "It can be heard that someone is crying. (from qiavoq, 'he cries')" }, { "surface": "kuuppalaarpoq", "natural": "It can be heard that water is running. (from kuuppoq, '(water) runs')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/(q)valaaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2" ], "id": "V_palaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_tit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Agent causes/lets Patient to Vb (causative); also, used intransitively without an intervening HTR-morpheme: 'Patient is (being) Vb'ed' (resultative passive)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_tit_Vb:d889c26277de", "items": [ { "text": "Agent causes/lets Patient to Vb (causative); also, used intransitively without an intervening HTR-morpheme: 'Patient is (being) Vb'ed' (resultative passive)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:assigiinngisitsineq#e2108", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assigiinngisitsineq#e2068", "MOFO:vv/tət", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2", "Oqaatsit1997:ilinniartippaa#e3960", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilinniartippaa#e3838", "Oqaatsit1997:ilinniartitsisoq#e3962", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilinniartitsisoq#e3840", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilinniartitsivoq#e3843" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tit", "left_sandhi": "schwa_buffered_truncative", "right_sandhi": "archaic_ts_assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Pinned noun rows independently attest discrimination/differential treatment in the existing assigiinngisitsineq example. They do not approve its exact negation/causative/nominal segmentation, truncation or the universal intended-agent/control frame. Existing grammatical rule evidence and the unreviewed semantic frame remain separate.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{tət}V, a highly productive causative affix with several related senses beyond the core causative one: a resultative-passive reading ('Patient is (being) Vb'ed') when used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme; 'while/before Patient Vb'ed' with (positive/negative) contemporative endings; and 'Agent thinks that Patient Vb' when following stative/adjectival stems or affixes like N_u_Vb, V_naq_Vb, or N_qaq_Vb. This entry models only the core causative sense in lexical_facts.meaning/pedagogy; the other senses are recorded here in prose, not split into separate entries.", "left_sandhi:t_truncative is MOFO's own literal facet ('This affix may be truncative on t-stems, and on t(ə)-stems it attaches to /ə/, thus causing it to appear. Otherwise, it is additive.') -- this entry models the t-stem-truncative sub-case as its left_sandhi value (directly attested below), while boundary_behavior is kept at this template's additive default to match MOFO's own 'Otherwise, it is additive' general case -- which is also what every one of this entry's own non-t-stem pedagogy examples (ilinniartippaa etc., built on the q-stem {əlitniaq}V) actually shows. A Copilot review on [#27](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/27) flagged the earlier truncating-template choice as a real inconsistency: boundary_behavior is the field the morph engine actually reads today (left_sandhi is still unwired), so asserting truncating there would have made the ENGINE apply the minority t-stem behaviour to every attachment, contradicting both MOFO's own text and this entry's own examples. The t(ə)-stem and 'otherwise additive' cases beyond what's modeled here are not asserted as separate field values, the same one-value-of-several-co-listed approach already used elsewhere in this file (V_neqaq_Vb, V_naq_Vb).", "right_sandhi:tc_exception is MOFO's own literal facet, and MOFO states it unusually plainly for this affix (no productivity hedge, unlike most other tð->ts examples surveyed this round): 'Since this is a t-stem, /tð/ may optionally yield [tc], spelt \"ts\", when this affix is used with e.g. the intransitive participle V{ðuq}N... It ALWAYS happens with the HTR-morpheme V{ði}V, hence the HTR-stem of this affix is {tətci}, spelt -titsi- in the new orthography.' Directly attested by the citation-form pair ilinniartippaa (causative) / ilinniartitsivoq (its own antipassive/HTR form), and by ilinniartitsisoq, 'teacher' (built with this repo's own V_soq_N, the intransitive participle)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tit_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ], "contract_version": "semantic-source/v3", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/tət", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1" ], "sense": { "id": "cause-or-let-patient-perform-base-event", "input": [ { "id": "base_event", "role": "embedded_event", "status": "required" } ], "output": [ { "id": "subject", "role": "causer_or_permitter", "status": "required" }, { "id": "object", "role": "causee_or_permittee", "status": "required" }, { "id": "embedded_subject", "role": "embedded_agent", "status": "required" } ], "variables": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ], "participant_bindings": [ { "from": "agent", "to": "subject" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "object" }, { "from": "patient", "to": "embedded_subject" } ], "contribution": { "operator": "cause_or_allow", "arguments": [ "agent", "patient", "event" ] }, "clause_relations": [ { "id": "patient-controls-base-event", "type": "controlled_complement", "matrix_argument": "object", "embedded_argument": "embedded_subject", "participant_relation": "same_participant", "complement": "base_event" } ], "unsupported_omissions": [ "The intransitive resultative-passive, contemporative, and stative-predicate readings documented in the entry are outside this transitive causative sense." ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/tət", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} causes {{Agent}} ___; {{Actor}} lets {{Patient}} ___; or, {{Patient}} is (being) ___-ed", "en_short": { "default": "causes {{Actor}} else to ___; lets {{Actor}} else ___", "third_singular": "causes {{Actor}} else to ___; lets {{Actor}} else ___" }, "da": "nogen får nogen til at gøre det; nogen lader nogen gøre det", "verb_phrase": "cause {{Agent}} to ___; let {{Patient}} to ___; also, used intransitively without an intervening HTR-morpheme: '{{Patient}} is (being) ___-ed' (resultative passive)", "da_short": "nogen får nogen til at ___; nogen lader nogen ___", "composition": { "en": "cause {{participant:object}} to ___; let {{participant:object}} ___", "da": "får {{participant:object}} til at {{verb:infinitive}}; lader {{participant:object}} {{verb:infinitive}}" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "får nogen til at ___; lader nogen ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#97](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/97), P15): Nielsen reproduces the identical ilinniartippaa -> ilinniartitsivoq -> ilinniartitsisoq derivation chain this entry's own pedagogy already documents, most fully at §5.5.1.2 (all three forms in one passage: 'ilinniartippaa, hun underviser ham; ilinniartitsivoq, hun underviser; ilinniartitsisoq, en lærer'); §5.3.2.3.2 (s.v. +titsi-) independently gives the intransitive step (arnaq ilinniarpoq -> arnamik ilinniartitsivoq); §5.3.2.3.1 (s.v. +tit- 2) confirms the causative meaning and notes it 'kan være trunkativt, jf. §5.1.9' (matching this entry's left_sandhi:schwa_buffered_truncative), though its own worked example in this extract repeats the surface form 'arnaq ilinniartippaa' under two different glosses -- almost certainly a transcription artifact in the extract (the first instance likely should read the intransitive 'arnaq ilinniarpoq'), not a real ambiguity in the source; flagged rather than silently relied on as a second corroborating example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilinniartippaa", "natural": "He teaches him (something). (from ilinniarpoq, 'he is learning'; the monovalent stem {əlitniaq}V is turned divalent, its former Actor becoming the Patient of this causative; a q-stem base, illustrating the general/additive case, not left_sandhi:schwa_buffered_truncative)" }, { "surface": "ilinniartitsivoq", "natural": "He teaches. (intransitive antipassive/HTR form of ilinniartippaa -- directly illustrates right_sandhi:archaic_ts_assibilation: /t/+/ð/ -> [ts])" }, { "surface": "ilinniartitsisoq", "natural": "teacher (literally 'one who teaches', with the intransitive participle V_soq_N -- the same /ts/ pattern surfacing a second way)" }, { "surface": "tillitsippoq", "natural": "It has been stolen. (from tillippaa, 'he steals it' -- the resultative-passive sense, intransitive without HTR; also the general/additive case)" }, { "surface": "assigiinngisitsineq", "natural": "discrimination (literally 'the causing of not-being-alike'; from V{ŋŋit}V, 'not', a t-final negation affix -- directly illustrates left_sandhi:schwa_buffered_truncative: V{ŋŋit}V's own final /t/ truncates before this affix, giving /ŋŋitət/ -> /ŋŋisət/ -> -nngisit-)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assigiinngisitsineq#e2108", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assigiinngisitsineq#e2068", "MOFO:vv/tət", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2", "Oqaatsit1997:ilinniartippaa#e3960", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilinniartippaa#e3838", "Oqaatsit1997:ilinniartitsisoq#e3962", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilinniartitsisoq#e3840", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilinniartitsivoq#e3843" ], "id": "V_tit_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_suri_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Agent thinks that Patient Vb's (reflexive 'Agent thinks that he himself Vb's' when used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme); valency-increasing, forming so-called 'double-transitive' verbs on an already-divalent base stem", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_suri_Vb:a9387d9dc716", "items": [ { "text": "Agent thinks that Patient Vb's (reflexive 'Agent thinks that he himself Vb's' when used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme); valency-increasing, forming so-called 'double-transitive' verbs on an already-divalent base stem", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/surə", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +soraa (pp.228–274)", "AITWG:§9.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-suri", "left_sandhi": "archaic_ts_assibilation", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{surə}V (New orthography citation: +soraa, +sorinnippoq), one of six mutually interchangeable variants (V{surə}V / V{sugə}V, each optionally preceded by {ga}- or {na}-, with no difference in meaning) -- only the base surə form is modeled here.", "AITWG:§9.4 Figure 9.3 and Definition 9.7 (pp.184–186) list this as an agentive affix. On a monovalent host, actor₁=patient₂ is the transitive object; on a divalent host, agent₁=patient₂ becomes the optional allative indirect object, patient₁ remains the transitive object, and agent₂ is the transitive subject. The host patient and the affix patient must not be equated: the affix patient is the host agent in this double-transitive construction. The earlier MOFO description also groups avalent hosts with the monovalent reading; the Chapter 9 role mapping here specifically describes a host actor or agent.", "left_sandhi:tc_exception is MOFO's own literal facet ('Default, tð->ts'); this entry models only the t-stem-specific sub-case, not the 'Default' (plain additive, majority) case, the same one-value-of-several-co-listed approach used on this file's own V_tit_Vb above. MOFO's own hedge on this fact is preserved, not overstated: 'It is unclear whether this behaviour is optional or mandatory, and whether it affects all t-stems and t(ə)-stems or only V{ŋŋit}V.'", "Directly attested by MOFO's own worked example: tikinnasoraa, 'I think he has arrived' [CWSL58], built on the t-stem {təkit}V -- MOFO's own prose adds 'presumably, the form without {na} is tikitsoraa', explicitly flagged there as MOFO's own presumed/inferred form, not itself independently attested with its own citation; not used as this entry's own pedagogy example for that reason, kept to the one directly-cited form (tikinnasoraa) instead.", "A second, independently-attested example, atussanngitsoralugu (from {atuq}V{ssa}V{ŋŋit}V, where {ssa}V is this repo's own V_ssa_Vb, the prospective/future marker), shows the same /ts/ pattern following V{ŋŋit}V -- MOFO's own words: 'illustrates the /ts/ form following V{ŋŋit}V.'", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset, same open question already flagged on this file's own tuni/atsigaaq/V_niutigi_Vb precedent: MOFO's own facet for this affix is 'ə-stem' (this schema's schwa_final_stem value), but whether AITWG:§6.4 ('Nominal stem-types') independently extends to a non-nominal/affixal ə-stem has not been confirmed. Unlike V_tit_Vb above (whose t-stem status is inherent to what the affix itself produces), this affix's OWN stem shape before further suffixation is the ə-stem fact in question, so the same caution applies here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_suri_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} thinks that {{Agent}} ___'s", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} thinks that {{Patient}} {{verb}}'s", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} thinks that {{Patient}} {{verb:3sg}}'s" }, "da": "nogen tror at nogen gør det", "verb_phrase": "think that {{Agent}} ___-s (reflexive '{{Patient}} thinks that he himself ___-s' when used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme); valency-increasing, forming so-called 'double-transitive' verbs on an already-divalent base stem", "da_short": "nogen tror at nogen ___", "composition": { "da": "tror at nogen ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "tror at nogen ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch): Bjørnum's own +soraa affix entry (K9§6, s.v. +soraa) glosses it identically ('tror at han/det', 'thinks that he/it') and separately lists '+nasoraa/+nasugaa' among its variant forms -- directly matching this entry's own note about the {na}-prefixed variant MOFO cites for its own worked example 'tikinnasoraa'. Nielsen (§5.3.2.1.1) gives a parallel worked example on a different base stem: 'anivoq, han går ud; aninasugaa, han tror at hun er gået ud; anisoraara' -- the same {na}-prefixed/bare-soraa doublet pattern (not this entry's own tikit-based example, but independently confirming the same morphological alternation).", "examples": [ { "surface": "aallarsoraara", "natural": "I think that he has departed. (from the monovalent stem aallarpoq, 'he has left/departed'; illustrates the general/Default case, not left_sandhi:archaic_ts_assibilation itself)" }, { "surface": "tikinnasoraa", "natural": "I think he has arrived. (with the optional {na}-prefixed variant, attached to the t-stem {təkit}V; MOFO's own cited worked example for left_sandhi:tc_exception -- see this entry's own notes on why the surface form itself doesn't show /ts/ directly)" }, { "surface": "atussanngitsoralugu", "natural": "..., since I thought it should not be used. (from {atuq}V{ssa}V{ŋŋit}V; MOFO's own second example directly showing the /ts/ form following V{ŋŋit}V)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/surə", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +soraa (pp.228–274)", "AITWG:§9.4" ], "id": "V_suri_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_q_inchoative_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor becomes Vb'ing (inchoative aspect: marks the onset of a state, contrasted with the base stem's own static aspect)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_q_inchoative_Vb:d7b66a60bf46", "items": [ { "text": "Actor becomes Vb'ing (inchoative aspect: marks the onset of a state, contrasted with the base stem's own static aspect)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/'-q", "Kleinschmidt1871:qaammarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qaammarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaammarpoq#e11349" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-q", "left_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket form is V{'-q}V (citation -rpoq, the /q/ regularly weakening to /r/ before the following /p/-initial ending, the same general q-stem rule this repo's V_naq_Vb/V_neqaq_Vb/V_palaaq_Vb already model) -- underlying_form keeps the bracket's own -q rather than the citation's -r for that reason.", "MOFO's own worked contrast: qaamavoq ('it is light', static aspect) vs. this affix's own qaammarpoq ('it becomes light', inchoative aspect).", "Petersen1951:-rpoq#e13270 lists qaammarpoq under its third -rpoq heading; the row does not itself analyze gemination or establish a productive rule.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source specifically analyses this gemination-inchoative derivation after a real search; its own example words (aallarpoq, napparpoq) appear elsewhere in this repo and in Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 only as plain vocabulary, never as an attested instance of this specific affix.", "DISAMBIGUATION (#544 theme 1): lexical stem aallaar ('be on a hunting trip') + IND builds aallaarpoq — do NOT analyse that lemma as aallaa + this inchoative. Nielsen2012 contrasts aallarpoq (departs) vs aallaarpoq (on a trip). This affix's own aallarpoq pedagogy example is the geminating inchoative of aalavoq, a different lemma. See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme1-affix-ambiguity-dossiers.md." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} becomes ___-ing", "da": "nogen begynder at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "become ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} becomes {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} becomes {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen begynder at ___", "composition": { "en": "become ___-ing", "da": "begynder at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "begynder at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aallarpoq", "natural": "he departs/travels (MOFO cites the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary; from aalavoq, 'he is moving about', gemination of /l/ to /ll/)" }, { "surface": "qaammarpoq", "natural": "it becomes light (MOFO cites the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary; from qaamavoq, 'it is light', gemination of /m/ to /mm/)" }, { "surface": "napparpoq", "natural": "it is erected/placed upright (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from napavoq, 'it stands upright', gemination of /p/ to /pp/; homonymous with, but unrelated to, a different napparpoq meaning 'he is ill', from the different stem {nape}V)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/'-q", "Petersen1951:-rpoq#e13270", "Kleinschmidt1871:qaammarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qaammarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaammarpoq#e11349" ], "id": "V_q_inchoative_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qluk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb's badly/unpleasantly", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rlup", "left_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket form is V{'-qluk}V (citation -rluppoq, with the bracket's own /q/ weakening to /r/ and final /k/ assimilating with the following /p/-initial ending to [pp]) -- underlying_form follows the citation's own surface spelling, the same treatment this repo's existing V_niqluk_Vb entry (verbal_modifiers.yaml) already gives its own, semantically identical +nerlup(poq) citation.", "Per MOFO's own analysis this is a non-productive, geminating sibling of the ALREADY-DOCUMENTED V_niqluk_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, underlying_form +nerlup, 'to Vb badly/unpleasantly', Nielsen2012:Sec5.3.3.6): formed by loss of the connecting /ne/ from V{neqluk}V with compensatory gemination taking its place. V_niqluk_Vb's own existing notes do not yet mention any such variant -- recorded here as its own entry rather than folded in, unlike this repo's precedent for V_ut_Vb's '-t(e) sibling.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source specifically attests this geminating variant (as opposed to the productive V_niqluk_Vb root) after a real search." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_qluk_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s badly; {{Subject}} ___'s unpleasantly", "da": "nogen gør det dårligt; nogen gør det ubehageligt", "verb_phrase": "___-s badly; ___-s unpleasantly", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s badly; {{Actor}} {{verb}}'s unpleasantly", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s badly; {{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s unpleasantly" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ dårligt; nogen ___ ubehageligt", "composition": { "en": "___-s badly; ___-s unpleasantly", "da": "___ dårligt; ___ ubehageligt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ dårligt; ___ ubehageligt" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "mattorluppoq", "natural": "it closes badly (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; e.g. a door not closing fully, from matuvoq, 'it closes', gemination of /t/ to /tt/)" }, { "surface": "atuffarluppoq", "natural": "he reads badly; he is bad at reading (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from {atuvaq}V, i.e. atuarpoq, 'he reads', gemination of the unwritten /v/ to [ff])" }, { "surface": "sinnarluppoq", "natural": "he sleeps badly (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 as lexicalised; from {sinek}V, 'he sleeps', with metathesis)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/'-qluk", "Ordbogi1977:mattorluppoq", "Oqaatsit1997:mattorluppoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mattorluppoq" ], "id": "V_qluk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qtu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject is highly inclined to Vb; Vb's a lot", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qtu", "left_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket form is V{'-qtu}V (citation -rtuvoq, the bracket's own /q/ regularly weakening to /r/ before the following /t/-initial affix segment, the same general q-stem rule already modeled by V_naq_Vb etc.) -- underlying_form keeps the bracket's own -qtu.", "Per MOFO's own analysis this is a non-productive, geminating sibling of the ALREADY-DOCUMENTED V_nertu_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, 'to Vb greatly/strongly, or be very inclined to Vb'): formed by loss of the connecting /ne/ from V{neqtu}V with compensatory gemination. V_nertu_Vb's OWN notes already namedrop this exact affix ('V{'-qtu}V, formed from this affix with loss of /ne/ and compensatory gemination') as 'mentioned but not modeled' -- this entry closes that specific, previously-flagged gap with real examples." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_qtu_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is highly inclined to ___; ___'s a lot", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is highly inclined to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} is highly inclined to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da": "nogen er meget tilbøjelig til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be highly inclined to ___; ___-s a lot", "da_short": "nogen er meget tilbøjelig til at ___", "composition": { "en": "be highly inclined to ___; ___-s a lot", "da": "er meget tilbøjelig til at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er meget tilbøjelig til at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oqqartuvoq", "natural": "he brags (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from oqarpoq, 'he says something', gemination of /q/ to /qq/)" }, { "surface": "oqallortuvoq", "natural": "he brags; talks a lot (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from oqaluppoq, 'he talks', gemination of /l/ to /ll/)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/'-qtu", "Rasmussen1893:oqallortuvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:oqallortuvoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqallortuvoq" ], "id": "V_qtu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_rik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject is particularly (good/skilled at) Vb'ing; with adjectival stems, just 'is particularly'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_rik_Vb:0862d0484fc0", "items": [ { "text": "Subject is particularly (good/skilled at) Vb'ing; with adjectival stems, just 'is particularly'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/'-rik", "Rasmussen1893:ipporippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ipporippoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ipporippoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rip", "left_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket form is V{'-rik}V (citation -rippoq, final /k/ assimilating with the following /p/-initial ending to [pp]) -- underlying_form follows the citation's own surface spelling, the exact same k+p->pp treatment this repo's existing, independently-sourced V_llarik_Vb entry (verbal_modifiers.yaml, underlying_form -llarip, 'S Vb's well/is good at Vb-ing', Nielsen2012:Sec5.3.3.12) already gives its own near-identical citation shape.", "Per MOFO's own analysis (citing Kleinschmidt) this is 'marginally productive or non-productive', preferred over the near-synonymous V_qqik_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, the 'is very/completely Vb'ing' DAKA-only sense of that affix, which MOFO calls V{nqik}V) specifically when the stem's pre-final consonant is already short (since -rik will geminate it); V_qqik_Vb is preferred when that consonant is already long. Kept as a separate entry from V_qqik_Vb per this genuine phonological-conditioning distinction described by Kleinschmidt, not a duplicate.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source specifically attests this affix after a real search; MOFO's own sources are all pre-1970 dictionaries (Kleinschmidt 1871, Petersen 1967, Schultz-Lorentzen 1958)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is particularly good at ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is particularly good at {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} is particularly good at {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "nogen er særligt god til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be particularly (good/skilled at) ___-ing; with adjectival stems, just 'is particularly'", "da_short": "nogen er særligt god til at ___", "composition": { "da": "er særligt god til at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er særligt god til at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ipporippoq", "natural": "he is good at rowing (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ipuppoq, 'he rows', gemination of /p/)" }, { "surface": "sannarippoq", "natural": "he is good at crafting; he is a skilled craftsman (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from sanavoq, 'he builds/makes something', gemination of /n/)" }, { "surface": "oqallorippoq", "natural": "he speaks well; he is well-spoken (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from oqaluppoq, 'he speaks', gemination of /l/)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/'-rik", "Rasmussen1893:ipporippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ipporippoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ipporippoq" ], "id": "V_rik_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_riksi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject has become more/better at Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rissi", "left_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own bracket form is V{'-riksi}V (citation -rissivoq), a straightforward combination of this batch's own V_rik_Vb (the geminating 'particularly good at' affix) and this repo's own existing V_si_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, the HTR-morpheme 'has become') -- underlying_form respells the bracket's final /k/+/si/ as the attested surface '-rissi' (k+s -> ss), stripped of the -voq ending.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source was found for this specific compound after a real search. An earlier automated keyword hit on Nielsen2012's 'aasarissivoq' turned out, on direct inspection of the source passage (Sec5.3.1.5.2), to be an UNRELATED denominal verbaliser, '+gissi-, has gotten a better N' (aasaq + gissi -> 'has become midsummer') -- a false positive from substring matching, not used as corroboration." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has become more at ___-ing; {{Subject}} has become better at ___-ing", "da": "nogen er blevet bedre til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "have become more at ___-ing; have become better at ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} has become more at {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} has become better at {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} has become more at {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} has become better at {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er blevet bedre til at ___", "composition": { "en": "have become more at ___-ing; have become better at ___-ing", "da": "er blevet bedre til at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er blevet bedre til at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qaammarissivoq", "natural": "it has become (even) more light (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from qaamavoq, 'it is light', gemination of /m/ to /mm/)" }, { "surface": "oqallorissivoq", "natural": "he has become (even) more well-spoken (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from oqaluppoq, 'he speaks', gemination of /l/ to /ll/)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/'-riksi", "Kleinschmidt1871:qaammarissivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qaammarissivoq" ], "id": "V_riksi_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ser_begin_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject begins to Vb, apparently of its own accord/eagerly (a reflexive-toned counterpart of the plain inceptive V_ler_Vb)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ser_begin_Vb:de4548d86d91", "items": [ { "text": "Subject begins to Vb, apparently of its own accord/eagerly (a reflexive-toned counterpart of the plain inceptive V_ler_Vb)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/'-siq", "Oqaatsit1997:nerriserpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nerriserpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-siq", "left_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "ID disambiguated from the existing, unrelated V_siq_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml, +siq, 'A waits for P to Vb', AITWG-Affixes:p.31) -- a homograph in citation spelling only, not the same morpheme (MOFO gives this candidate its own separate page, bracket V{'-siq}V).", "Per MOFO's own analysis this is a combination of the geminating affix this repo's V_ut_Vb entry (verbal_extenders.yaml) already documents in its own notes as V{'-t(e)}V, here in an intransitive/reflexive sense, plus this repo's existing V_ler_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, '-ler', 'begin to Vb'). Schultz-Lorentzen's Danish gloss 'giver sig til at' ('gives himself to') carries an added element of volition beyond V_ler_Vb's own plain 'begynder at' ('begins to'), a distinction English does not lexicalise.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source specifically attests this affix after a real search; MOFO's own source-search hits on 'iserpoq' (unrelated common vocabulary) were false positives from automated keyword matching." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ser_begin_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} begins to ___, of its own accord; {{Subject}} begins to ___, of its own eagerly", "da": "nogen begynder at gøre det, tilsyneladende ivrigt af sig selv", "verb_phrase": "begin to ___, apparently of its own accord; begin to ___, apparently of its own eagerly (a reflexive-toned counterpart of the plain inceptive V_ler_Vb)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} begins to {{verb}}, of its own accord; {{Actor}} begins to {{verb}}, of its own eagerly", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} begins to {{verb:3sg}}, of its own accord; {{Actor}} begins to {{verb:3sg}}, of its own eagerly" }, "da_short": "nogen begynder at ___, tilsyneladende ivrigt af sig selv", "composition": { "da": "begynder at ___, tilsyneladende ivrigt af sig selv" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "begynder at ___, tilsyneladende ivrigt af sig selv" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerriserpoq", "natural": "he begins to eat (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from nerivoq, 'he eats', gemination of /r/ to /rr/)" }, { "surface": "qallaserpoq", "natural": "it begins to boil (the water) (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from qalappoq, 'it boils', gemination of /l/ to /ll/)" }, { "surface": "atuffaserpoq", "natural": "he began to read (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; from atuarpoq, i.e. {atuvaq}V, gemination of the unwritten /v/ to [ff])" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/'-siq", "Oqaatsit1997:nerriserpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nerriserpoq" ], "id": "V_ser_begin_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ler_htr_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "half-transitivising (HTR): gives a divalent, patient-preserving stem intransitive form, without changing the stem's meaning -- 'Agent Vb's (something)'", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ler_htr_Vb:50162934d788", "items": [ { "text": "half-transitivising (HTR): gives a divalent, patient-preserving stem intransitive form, without changing the stem's meaning -- 'Agent Vb's (something)'", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3", "Oqaatsit1997:aallerpoq#e145", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallerpoq#e143", "MOFO:vv/(k)liq", "Oqaatsit1997:ujarlerpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujarlerpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ler", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "ID disambiguated from the existing V_ler_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'begin to Vb, inceptive'): the two are homophonous (both surface as -lerpoq) but MOFO treats them as two entirely distinct morphemes -- this one tagged 'Grammatical features / HTR-morpheme' and 'Verb-extenders / Relation shifters', not a variant of the inceptive at all. MOFO's own bracket form is V{(k)liq}V, the (k) an epenthetic consonant present on some hosts and not others (Left sandhi: Default -- inferred directly from the morphemic form, unlike this batch's geminating apostrophe-marked entries).", "A second, less-common HTR-morpheme alongside this repo's already-documented V_si_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, the 'most commonly used' HTR-morpheme {di}); MOFO's own worked example base stems are aavaa ('he fetches it') and ujarpaa ('he searches for it').", "Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.6.3 independently lists ÷ller-2 among HTR affixes, describing the transitive-to-agentive change without a meaning change and explicitly pairing aavaa/aallerpoq and ujarpaa/ujarlerpoq. This corroborates the function and these pairs, not every detail of MOFO's phonemic (k)liq analysis, epenthesis or sandhi. Dictionary choice of the appropriate HTR affix remains host-specific; fetch rows do not cover dew or sweating." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ler_htr_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "'{{Actor}} ___'s (something)' -- {{Agent}} left unmarked", "da": "gør et 'gøre noget ved nogen'-udsagnsord til et almindeligt 'gøre noget'-udsagnsord", "en_short": "half-transitivising (HTR): gives a divalent,", "da_short": "gør et udsagnsord til et uden objekt", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aallerpoq", "natural": "he fetches (something) (from aavaa, 'he fetches it')" }, { "surface": "ujarlerpoq", "natural": "he searches for (something) (from ujarpaa, 'he searches for it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3", "Oqaatsit1997:aallerpoq#e145", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallerpoq#e143", "MOFO:vv/(k)liq", "Oqaatsit1997:ujarlerpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujarlerpoq" ], "id": "V_ler_htr_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_juinaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Agent is surprised that Patient does not Vb (a lexicalised, surprise-expressing combination)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_juinaaq_Vb:872edb9eb9ac", "items": [ { "text": "Agent is surprised that Patient does not Vb (a lexicalised, surprise-expressing combination)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-juinaaq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-juinaar", "notes": [ "MOFO's own Constituents line gives V{-juit}V ('never Vb', this repo's own V_juit_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml) + V{-naaq}V (not independently modeled in this repo) -- MOFO records this as its own lexicalised dictionary headword with its own citation forms, not a live derivation.", "MOFO records this affix's Diathesis as 'Agentive (NPP)' and Valency as 'Agent increasing' -- an unusual profile among this batch's mostly valency-preserving candidates, reflected here as morphology_class.valency_effect.", "No independent source found after a real search (grepped docs/affixlist/, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/, docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'juinaa'/'juinaar'/'juinaaq' -- no hits); MOFO's own sources are two mid-20th-century dictionaries only (Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, Petersen 1967), and neither example word's base stem is identified in MOFO's own text." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_juinaaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} is surprised that {{Agent}} does not ___", "da": "nogen er overrasket over at nogen ikke gør det", "verb_phrase": "be surprised that {{Agent}} does not ___ (a lexicalised, surprise-expressing combination)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is surprised that {{Actor}} else does not {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er overrasket over at nogen ikke ___", "composition": { "en": "be surprised that {{Patient}} does not ___", "da": "er overrasket over at nogen ikke ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er overrasket over at nogen ikke ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO gives no base-stem gloss for either example word (both notes null in the source); recorded as attested surface forms only, without an invented 'from X' derivation.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kamajuinaarpara", "natural": "I am surprised that he wasn't angry. [CWSL58]" }, { "surface": "aggerumajuinaarpoq", "natural": "It was surprising that he did not want to come. [CWSL58]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-juinaaq" ], "id": "V_juinaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_juiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject never Vb's (or: Subject no longer Vb's) -- MOFO's own text records disagreement between sources; Kleinschmidt (1871) instead gives 'Subject will not acknowledge Vb'ing', not adopted here", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_juiq_Vb:739b72eefa1d", "items": [ { "text": "Subject never Vb's (or: Subject no longer Vb's) -- MOFO's own text records disagreement between sources; Kleinschmidt (1871) instead gives 'Subject will not acknowledge Vb'ing', not adopted here", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-juiq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.juippoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-juer", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO tags this Tags/List/stem/nonproductive; its own Right sandhi entry additionally records a /j/->[s] alternation on vowel stems (qasuvoq -> qasusuerpoq, not qasujuerpoq) -- not modeled as a right_sandhi enum value here (MOFO's own label is 'Assibilation (t=>s)', which does not literally describe a /j/->[s] shift), recorded in prose only.", "MOFO's own etymology note observes this affix is built from the same {yu-} element as V{-juit}V (this repo's own V_juit_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml, 'S never/cannot Vb'), just combined with a different second element -- explaining the semantic overlap with that already-modeled, well-corroborated entry. Genuinely a different bound morpheme per MOFO's own separate headword/citation form, not a duplicate, so kept as its own tail entry rather than folded into V_juit_Vb.", "No independent source found after a real search (docs/affixlist/, Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 extracts grepped for 'juiq'/'juer'/'suer' -- no hits)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} never ___'s (or, no longer ___'s)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} never {{verb}}'s", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} never {{verb:3sg}}'s" }, "da": "nogen gør det aldrig", "verb_phrase": "never ___-s (or: {{Subject}} no longer ___-s) -- MOFO's own text records disagreement between sources; Kleinschmidt (1871) instead gives '{{Subject}} will not acknowledge ___-ing', not adopted here", "da_short": "nogen ___ aldrig", "composition": { "da": "___ aldrig" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ aldrig" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qasusuerpoq", "natural": "He is tireless. (from qasuvoq, 'he is tired'; /j/ -> [s] on this vowel stem) [CWSL58]" }, { "surface": "soraajuerpoq", "natural": "It is endless; it never stops. (from soraarpoq, 'it ends') [CWSL58]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-juiq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.juippoq" ], "id": "V_juiq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kaallak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject Vb's a little bit (Oqaatsit 1997, presumed current sense); older sources (Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) instead give 'Subject Vb's greatly/strongly' -- MOFO records both, unresolved", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_kaallak_Vb:4b12791dfcb9", "items": [ { "text": "Subject Vb's a little bit (Oqaatsit 1997, presumed current sense); older sources (Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) instead give 'Subject Vb's greatly/strongly' -- MOFO records both, unresolved", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-kaallak", "Oqaatsit1997:unikaallappoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unikaallappoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kaallak", "notes": [ "MOFO's own Constituents line gives V{-kaq}V (this batch's own V_kaq_Vb tail entry, 'Subject Vb suddenly') + V{-(j)allak}V (this repo's own V_jallak_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'S suddenly Vb'ed a bit') -- the second constituent's own AITWG-Affixes-sourced gloss is a good semantic match for the newer of MOFO's two proposed senses; indirect corroboration of the compositional sense, not of the compound '-kaallak' headword itself.", "Citation -kaallappoq: k+p -> pp total assimilation on this k-stem; underlying_form keeps the bracket k-final shape rather than the assimilated surface form, matching this repo's V_kujuk_Vb precedent.", "No independent source found after a real search (docs/affixlist/, Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 extracts grepped for 'kaallak'/'kaallappoq' -- no hits)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s a little bit", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s a little bit", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s a little bit" }, "da": "nogen gør det lidt", "verb_phrase": "___-s a little bit (Oqaatsit 1997, presumed current sense); older sources instead give '{{Subject}} ___-s greatly'; older sources instead give '{{Subject}} ___-s strongly' -- MOFO records both, unresolved", "da_short": "nogen ___ lidt", "composition": { "en": "___-s a little bit", "da": "___ lidt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ lidt" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pillukaallappoq", "natural": "It is a little out of joint (e.g. a shoulder; from pilluppoq, 'it is out of joint'). [CBBJRPIKJR97]" }, { "surface": "unikaallappoq", "natural": "He stops for a moment. (from unippoq, 'he stops') [CBBJRPIKJR97]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-kaallak", "Oqaatsit1997:unikaallappoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unikaallappoq" ], "id": "V_kaallak_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb's suddenly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kar", "notes": [ "Modern dictionaries independently attest the lexicalized assakarpoq falls/tips-over example. The earlier absence statement concerns a separately catalogued sudden-action affix, not absence of its lexical example; modern word rows do not independently establish kaq segmentation or productivity. Keep the nonproductive flag and MOFO-only rule evidence.", "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "DISAMBIGUATION: a homograph, not the same morpheme as this repo's already-modeled N_ALL_kaq_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, N{ALL}{-kaq}V, '±mukarpoq', verbalizes the allative case, 'go to N'). This entry is MOFO's separate V{-kaq}V page: a V-to-V affix meaning 'Subject Vb suddenly', tagged Tags/List/stem/nonproductive, mentioned only in 19th/20th-century dictionaries (Kleinschmidt 1871, Petersen 1967, Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) and absent from Oqaatsit (1997).", "This is also the first constituent MOFO lists for -kaa (this batch's own V_kaa_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml) and -kaallak (this batch's own V_kaallak_Vb, this file).", "No independent source found after a real search: all 'karpoq'-containing hits in docs/affixlist/, Nielsen2012, and Bjornum2012 concern the unrelated N_ALL_kaq_Vb allative verbalizer above, not this affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s suddenly", "da": "nogen gør det pludselig", "verb_phrase": "___-s suddenly", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s suddenly", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s suddenly" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ pludselig", "composition": { "en": "___-s suddenly", "da": "___ pludselig" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ pludselig" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pissikarpoq", "natural": "He suddenly jumps up. (from pissippoq, 'he jumps (up)') [CWSL58]" }, { "surface": "assakarpoq", "natural": "It falls/turns/rolls over. (lexicalised) [CWSL58]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assakarpoq#e2064", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assakarpoq#e2023", "MOFO:vv/-kaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:assakarpoq" ], "id": "V_kaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kataaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb's incompletely (clumsily, ineffectively, or otherwise incorrectly compared to the customary/optimal way of performing the action)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_kataaq_Vb:f8713fe698c6", "items": [ { "text": "Subject Vb's incompletely (clumsily, ineffectively, or otherwise incorrectly compared to the customary/optimal way of performing the action)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-kataaq", "Petersen1967:-kataarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kataar", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "DISAMBIGUATION: a homograph, not the same morpheme as N_kkataaq_N (nominal_modifiers.yaml, N{kkataaq}N, 'a rather big N') -- different word class, different bracket form (double /kk/ vs single /k/), no semantic relation; this is a distinct V-to-V affix.", "MOFO's own text notes all identifiable example stems (from Ordbogeeraq/Schultz-Lorentzen) appear to be k-stems, speculating the affix may be restricted to old k-stems, 'similar to V{-kattaq}V' (already modeled here as V_qattaaq_Vb). The independently catalogued MOFO page `vv/-kattaq` calls this affix a variant of `vv/-qattaaq`; it gives Ordbogeeraq forms `ulikátarpoĸ`, `apukátarpoĸ`, `ajakátarpâ`, `natdlukátarpoĸ`, `sánikátarpoĸ` and Schultz-Lorentzen's `pissikattarpoq`/`ajakattarpaa`. The variant relationship is therefore directly MOFO-source-attested, while the restriction to k-stems remains uncertain because two cited bases are unidentified and one may be a counterexample.", "No independent source found after a real search (docs/affixlist/, Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 extracts grepped for 'kataar'/'kataaq' -- the only hits found concern the unrelated nominal N_kkataaq_N).", "STATUS (issue #349 follow-up, scripts/affix_shape_sweep.py): Petersen 1951/1967 has its own dedicated '-kataaq'/'-kataarpoq' headword entries (cross-referencing sinikataarpoq, tarfikataaq, pilakataarpoq, pulakataarpoq, unikataarpoq, arnakkataarsuaq, etc.), confirming the affix as its own catalogued morpheme rather than only appearing inside coincidentally-matching derived words. pilakataarpoq there is this entry's own pilakataarpaa example's intransitive counterpart (same root pila-)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s incompletely; {{Subject}} ___'s clumsily; {{Subject}} ___'s incorrectly", "da": "nogen gør det ufuldstændigt; nogen gør det klodset", "verb_phrase": "___-s incompletely (clumsily, ineffectively, or otherwise incorrectly compared to the customary/optimal way of performing the action)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s incompletely; {{Actor}} {{verb}}'s clumsily; {{Actor}} {{verb}}'s incorrectly", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s incompletely; {{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s clumsily; {{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s incorrectly" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ ufuldstændigt; nogen ___ klodset", "composition": { "en": "___-s incompletely", "da": "___ ufuldstændigt; ___ klodset" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ ufuldstændigt; ___ klodset" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arpakataarpoq", "natural": "He runs clumsily. (from arpappoq, 'he runs') [CWSL58]" }, { "surface": "pilakataarpaa", "natural": "He cuts pieces off it (a sea animal). (from pilappoq, 'he flenses') [CWSL58]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-kataaq", "Petersen1967:-kataarpoq" ], "id": "V_kataaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kkisiq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb's with all his/her might (as hard/fast/much as possible)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkiser", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Citation -kkiserpoq: the bracket form's final -isiq shows i-lowering before the uvular-adjacent /rp/ of the ending (-isiq -> -iser-), alongside the general q->r weakening.", "No independent source found after a real search (docs/affixlist/, Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 extracts grepped for 'kkisiq'/'kkiserpoq' -- no hits)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s with all his/her might", "da": "nogen gør det af al sin kraft", "verb_phrase": "___-s with all his/her might (as hard/fast/much as possible)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s with all his/her might", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s with all his/her might" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ af al sin kraft", "composition": { "da": "___ af al sin kraft" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ af al sin kraft" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "allakkiserpoq", "natural": "He is writing as hard as he can. (from allappoq, 'he writes') [CWSL58]" }, { "surface": "ulimakkiserpoq", "natural": "He hacks/chops with all his might. (from ulimavoq, 'he hacks/chops with an axe') [CWSL58]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-kkisiq" ], "id": "V_kkisiq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_gtet_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject becomes more so; increasingly Vb's (inchoative-comparative modifier on a gradable intransitive stem)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tsip", "notes": [ "Found in mofodata (mofodata-mirror/languages/kl/Unfinished/tsit_vv_become-more.toml, MOFO's own working id 'gtət'/'tsit', not yet a rendered page in mofo-mirror/site/ -- the author left this page explicitly unfinished and unsure of the precise analysis ('I'm not sure which one of these it is'; 'Is it something g + tət, used intransitively? Maybe something that causes schwa-elision?'). Cited here independently of that uncertainty: Petersen1951/1967 give this affix its own dedicated paradigm-class dictionary entry (glossed '-tsippoq , o-o', i.e. an intransitive-stem-in/intransitive-stem-out pattern, with a parallel transitive/causative sibling '-tippoq, paa' not modeled here), reproducing three of MOFO's own worked examples verbatim (issutsippoq, sukkatsippoq, perratsippoq); Rasmussen1893 and Oqaatsit1997 independently attest sukkatsippoq with a matching 'gets/has gotten faster' sense. This is the bare affix already referenced (but left unmodeled) in this file's own V_kulagtet_Vb entry below, as the second constituent of that lexicalised combination.", "Old orthography per Petersen1951/1967: -gtípoĸ. The new-orthography citation form -tsippoq already shows the modern /tð/->[ts] assibilation spelling, same surface pattern as V_kulagtet_Vb's own citation form; not re-derived here, recorded as given by the sources." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} becomes more so; increasingly ___'s", "en_short": { "default": "becomes increasingly {{verb}}" }, "da": "nogen bliver mere sådan; gør det i stigende grad", "verb_phrase": "become increasingly ___ (of a gradable intransitive stem)", "da_short": "bliver mere sådan", "composition": { "da": "bliver mere sådan; ___ i stigende grad" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver mere sådan; ___ i stigende grad" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "issutsippoq", "natural": "It gets/becomes thicker. (from issu, 'to be thick'; Petersen1951/1967's own Danish gloss for the paradigm-class entry lists this form; this repo's own rendering)" }, { "surface": "sukkatsippoq", "natural": "It gets faster; picks up (more) speed. (Oqaatsit1997's own Danish gloss: 'har fået fart på, kommer hurtigere frem' -- has gotten (more) speed, comes forward faster; this repo's own rendering. Rasmussen1893 glosses the same form 'får stærkere fart; d.s.s. sukkalivoq' -- gets a stronger speed, same as sukkalivoq.)" }, { "surface": "perratsippoq", "natural": "It slides/glides more easily. (from perhaq/perrappoq, 'it glides easily'; Petersen1951/1967's own Danish gloss for the paradigm-class entry lists this form; this repo's own rendering)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/gtət", "Petersen1951:-tsippoq", "Petersen1967:-tsippoq", "Rasmussen1893:sukkatsippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:sukkatsippoq", "Petersen1967:-tsippoq#e12609", "Rasmussen1893:sukkatsippoq#e2026", "Oqaatsit1997:sukkatsippoq#e15559" ], "id": "V_gtet_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kulagtet_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject has begun to Vb often (habit-onset)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kulatsip", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own Constituents line gives V{-kula}V (this repo's already-modeled V_kulaq_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'to Vb often/habitually') + V{gtət}V, now modeled in this same file as V_gtet_Vb ('has become more Vb'ing') -- MOFO records the combination as its own lexicalised headword with a meaning ('has BEGUN to Vb often') distinct from V_kulaq_Vb's own plain 'often' sense, so kept as its own entry rather than a live stacking.", "MOFO's own Right sandhi label is 'tð=>ts'; the citation form -kulatsippoq already shows this spelling in the plain 3sg indicative, which MOFO's own source (Nielsen 2019) does not further explain -- recorded as given, not re-derived.", "Sourced ONLY from Nielsen (2019 ed.) per MOFO's own Sources line -- a DIFFERENT edition than this repo's own citable Nielsen2012 (2012 ed.). A search of this repo's own Nielsen2012 transcribed extracts (docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/) for 'kulagt'/'kulatsip' found no hits, so this is not independently corroborated by the edition this repo can actually cite, despite sharing an author with MOFO's own citation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has begun to ___ often", "da": "nogen er begyndt at gøre det ofte", "verb_phrase": "have begun to ___ often (habit-onset)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} has begun to {{verb}} often", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} has begun to {{verb:3sg}} often" }, "da_short": "nogen er begyndt at ___ ofte", "composition": { "da": "er begyndt at ___ ofte" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er begyndt at ___ ofte" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illoqarfimmut tikikulatsippoq", "natural": "He has begun to come to town often. (from tikippoq, 'he arrives' + ALL 'to town') [FAJN19, via MOFO]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-kulagtət" ], "id": "V_kulagtet_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kutlak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb's clumsily/awkwardly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kutlak", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Citation -kullappoq: /tl/ -> [ll] plus k+p -> pp total assimilation on this k-stem; underlying_form keeps the bracket t-medial shape rather than the assimilated surface form, matching this repo's V_kujuk_Vb precedent for k+p assimilation. MOFO itself hedges on whether the assimilated consonant is really /t/ (per the old-orthography spelling -kutdlagpoĸ) or a separate velar-initial root (Kleinschmidt's independent nominal base kugdlak, 'clumsy') -- not resolved here, following MOFO's own choice to write it as /t/.", "MOFO's own 'Variants' line cross-references a related NOMINAL form, N{-kutlak}N -- already modeled in this repo as N_kullak_N (nominal_modifiers.yaml, 'a rather big N', a different, later-attested sense) via its own MOFO:nn/kutlak citation; not the same word class or meaning as this V-to-V entry, recorded here only as cross-reference.", "No independent source found after a real search (docs/affixlist/, Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 extracts grepped for 'kutlak'/'kullappoq' -- no hits; N_kullak_N's own note likewise records no AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 hit for this root's 'clumsy' sense)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s clumsily; {{Subject}} ___'s awkwardly", "da": "nogen gør det klodset; nogen gør det akavet", "verb_phrase": "___-s clumsily; ___-s awkwardly", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s clumsily; {{Actor}} {{verb}}'s awkwardly", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s clumsily; {{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s awkwardly" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ klodset; nogen ___ akavet", "composition": { "en": "___-s clumsily; ___-s awkwardly", "da": "___ klodset; ___ akavet" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ klodset; ___ akavet" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isikullappoq", "natural": "He entered clumsily. (from iserpoq, 'he enters') [CWSL58]" }, { "surface": "ingikullappoq", "natural": "He sat down clumsily. (from ingippoq, 'he sits down') [CWSL58]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-kutlak" ], "id": "V_kutlak_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_rujukcuaqe_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject Vb enormously/terribly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rujukcuaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis, V{-rujuk}V + V{(q)cuaq}V + V{-qə}V, is a lexicalised three-morpheme fusion (this repo's own V_rujuk_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml, is the first component, 'to Vb a little'), recorded by MOFO as its own dictionary entry rather than a live derivation. Final -qə schwa dropped from underlying_form and reflected as a trailing 'e' in the ID, matching this repo's own V_qqajaqe_Vb precedent (sentential_affixes.yaml) for -qə-final entries.", "Direct historical attestation: Kleinschmidt1871's `.rujunnguaq` entry describes the `.rujussuaq` + `.qaaq` verbal combination as \"uhyre; ganske forfærdelig\" (enormously/terribly) and gives both of this entry's worked examples verbatim: `tupinnarujussuaqaaq` and `ersigerujussuaqaa`. This confirms the lexicalised family and the MOFO sense; Nielsen2012 also carries the first example, but is not needed for the promotion." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s enormously; {{Subject}} ___'s terribly", "da": "nogen gør det enormt meget; nogen gør det forfærdeligt meget", "verb_phrase": "___ enormously; ___ terribly", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s enormously; {{Actor}} {{verb}}'s terribly", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s enormously; {{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s terribly" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ enormt meget; nogen ___ forfærdeligt meget", "composition": { "en": "___ enormously; ___ terribly", "da": "___ enormt meget; ___ forfærdeligt meget" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ enormt meget; ___ forfærdeligt meget" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tupinnarujussuaqaaq", "natural": "it was enormously surprising (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from tupinnarpoq, 'it is strange/surprising')" }, { "surface": "ersigerujussuaqaa", "natural": "he is terribly afraid of it (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ersigaa, 'he fears it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-rujukcuaqə", "Kleinschmidt1871:.rujunnguaq#e9980" ], "id": "V_rujukcuaqe_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ruucaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb slowly/at ease" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ruusaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Bracket -ruucaaq; citation -ruusaarpoq shows the same c->s convention this repo already documents on the sibling V_rucaaq_Vb entry (verbal_modifiers.yaml: \"Bracket -rucaaq; citation -rusaarpoq shows c->s and q->r weakening\") -- underlying_form was previously left at the bracket-form spelling (\"-ruucaaq\"), never updated to match; caught by oq's own tools/check-worked-examples.mjs forward chain-builder, which (correctly, given the uncorrected data) built \"ajoruucaarpoq\" instead of the attested \"ajoruusaarpoq\". Fixed to the citation spelling, \"-ruusaar\" (matching the Rasmussen1893:.ruusaarpoq citation already in this entry's own provenance, and every pedagogy.examples surface below), per this repo's own established bracket-vs-citation convention.", "MOFO records this as a variant of the productive V{-rucaaq}V (this repo's own V_rucaaq_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'to Vb slowly/at one's ease'), with an unexplained lengthened vowel; per MOFO's own text, cited only by Chr. Rasmussen [CR93] and Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58], 'presumably non-productive' -- unlike V_rucaaq_Vb, which IS attested in Oqaatsit and treated there as productive.", "MOFO tags this affix non-productive, sufficient alone for tail status. Nielsen2012 independently attests the closely related r-initial family under one shared '÷rusaar-, ÷ruusaar-' headword (§5.3.3.5, already cited on V_rucaaq_Vb/V_luucaaq_Vb), but its own worked example (ikumarusaarpoq) matches the SHORT-vowel V_rucaaq_Vb form, not this long-vowel one -- not reused as this specific variant's own corroboration." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s slowly; {{Subject}} ___'s at ease", "da": "nogen gør det langsomt; nogen gør det roligt", "verb_phrase": "___ slowly; ___ at ease", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s slowly; {{Actor}} {{verb}}'s at ease", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s slowly; {{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s at ease" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ langsomt; nogen ___ roligt", "composition": { "en": "___ slowly; ___ at ease", "da": "___ langsomt; ___ roligt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ langsomt; ___ roligt" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ingerlaruusaarpoq", "natural": "he walks slowly (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ingerlavoq, 'he goes')" }, { "surface": "ajoruusaarpoq", "natural": "he feels unworthy (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ajorpoq, 'he is bad')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-ruucaaq", "Rasmussen1893:.ruusaarpoq" ], "id": "V_ruucaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ruucaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb moderately" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ruusar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Bracket -ruucaq; citation -ruusarpoq shows the same c->s convention this repo already documents on the sibling V_rucaaq_Vb entry (verbal_modifiers.yaml) and its own long-vowel sibling V_ruucaaq_Vb (this file, above) -- underlying_form was previously left at the bracket-form spelling (\"-ruucaq\"), never updated to match; caught by oq's own tools/check-worked-examples.mjs forward chain-builder, which (correctly, given the uncorrected data) built \"ajoruucarpoq\" instead of the attested \"ajoruusarpoq\". Fixed to the citation spelling, \"-ruusar\", matching every pedagogy.examples surface below (ajoruusarpoq, oqaloruusarpoq, sanaruusarpoq) and this entry's own note two lines down, which already searched the transcript trees for 'ruusar'.", "MOFO records this as a verbal variant of the nominal N{-ruucaq}N (this repo's own N_ruusaq_N, denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, 'a poor/bad N') -- that entry's own note explicitly flags this verbal sibling as 'not modeled here, a different word-class affix', which this entry now fills.", "MOFO tags this affix non-productive ('not mentioned in newer dictionaries such as Oqaatsit, so presumably not used productively'); no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes corroboration was found after checking both 'ruucaq' and 'ruusar' in the transcript trees." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s moderately", "da": "nogen gør det i moderat grad", "verb_phrase": "___ moderately", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s moderately", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s moderately" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ i moderat grad", "composition": { "en": "___ moderately", "da": "___ i moderat grad" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ i moderat grad" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ajoruusarpoq", "natural": "it is moderately bad (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ajorpoq, 'it is bad')" }, { "surface": "oqaloruusarpoq", "natural": "he babbles; chit-chats (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from oqaluppoq, 'he talks')" }, { "surface": "sanaruusarpoq", "natural": "he fumbles with his work (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from sanavoq, 'he makes something')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-ruucaq", "Rasmussen1893:oqaloruusarpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:oqaloruusarpoq" ], "id": "V_ruucaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_sungaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent almost Vb's the Patient (seemingly restricted to 'hit/shoot near a target' bases); tentative gloss per MOFO's own hedge", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-sungaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Modern transitive rows attest shoots/hits a little too low for the existing lexicalized ataasungarpaa example. Keep the bare affix gloss tentative and nonproductive: lexical attestation does not independently establish its segmentation, general near-miss attachment or valency increase, and the distinct negative compound remains separate.", "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own text hedges this translation as only tentative: attested solely in a handful of lexicalised entries (ataasungarpaa 'he hits right below it', qulaasungarpaa 'he hits right above it', uniusungarpaa 'he hits right beside it'), all built on spatial-noun-plus-N{-u}V bases, plus the separate compound V{ŋŋisuŋaq}V ('almost').", "This entry models only the bare affix's own valency-increasing, near-miss-in-shooting sense; the ŋŋisuŋaq compound (independently attested by Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.1's 'tikinngisungarpaa, han nåede det næsten', 'he nearly reached it') is NOT cited as corroboration here, since it is a different, negated compound form, not a direct independent hit on this bare affix.", "Intransitive HTR form recorded by MOFO as qulaasungaavoq (via this repo's own V_si_Vb, {ði}); not asserted as a field value here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_sungaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} almost ___'s the {{Agent}} (near-miss, e.g. shooting)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} almost {{verb}}'s the {{Patient}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} almost {{verb:3sg}}'s the {{Patient}}" }, "da": "nogen rammer næsten nogen (ved at gøre det)", "verb_phrase": "almost ___-s the {{Agent}} (seemingly restricted to 'hit/shoot near a target' bases); tentative gloss per MOFO's own hedge", "da_short": "nogen rammer næsten nogen", "composition": { "en": "almost ___-s the {{Patient}}" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "rammer næsten nogen (ved at ___)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO's own hedge: 'the translation of this affix should only be regarded as tentative.'", "examples": [ { "surface": "ataasungarpaa", "natural": "he hits a bit/right below it (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; lexicalised, from ataavoq, 'it is below something')" }, { "surface": "qulaasungarpaa", "natural": "he hits a bit/right above it (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; lexicalised, from qulaavoq, 'it is above something')" }, { "surface": "uniusungarpaa", "natural": "he hits a bit/right beside it (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; lexicalised, from uniorpoq, 'he misses a target')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ataasungarpaa#e2201", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataasungarpaa#e2162", "MOFO:vv/-suŋaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:uniusungarpaa", "Oqaatsit1997:uniusungarpaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uniusungarpaa" ], "id": "V_sungaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_t_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent causes Patient to Vb (archaic causative)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-t", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "archaic_ts_assibilation", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own text: 'an old, non-productive morpheme...found in many divalent t-stems, where there exists a corresponding monovalent stem without the final /t/'; MOFO and the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10] both suggest this may be the historical root this repo's own productive V_tit_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) is itself derived from.", "right_sandhi:archaic_ts_assibilation matches this repo's own V_tit_Vb precedent for the same /tð/ -> [ts] alternation, directly attested here by the toquppaa/toqutsivoq pair (t-stem {tuqut}V, intransitive HTR form via this repo's own V_si_Vb)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_t_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} causes {{Agent}} to ___ (archaic causative)", "da": "nogen får nogen til at gøre det (gammeldags)", "verb_phrase": "cause {{Agent}} to ___ (archaic causative)", "en_short": "{{Patient}} causes {{Agent}} to ___", "da_short": "nogen får nogen til at ___", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "får nogen til at ___ (gammeldags)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nowadays this repo's own V_tit_Vb would be used productively for this same causative sense; this archaic morpheme survives only in a handful of lexicalised divalent t-stems.", "examples": [ { "surface": "toquppaa", "natural": "he kills him (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; base {tuqut}V, cf. the corresponding monovalent {tuqu}V, 'he dies', without this morpheme)" }, { "surface": "toqutsivoq", "natural": "he kills (something) (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; intransitive HTR form of the same base)" }, { "surface": "anippaa", "natural": "he ejects it (MOFO cites Oqaatsit 1997; base {anet}V, cf. the corresponding monovalent {ane}V, 'he exits/goes out')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-t", "Kleinschmidt1871:toquppaa", "Oqaatsit1997:toquppaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:toquppaa" ], "id": "V_t_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_uq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Vb repeatedly; prolonged/repeated activity with short intervals" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-uq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own text: 'an old, non-productive morpheme, found in a number of lexicalisations,' citing Kleinschmidt [SK71] for the 'prolonged repetition' gloss; also recorded by MOFO as a bound constituent of three OTHER entries already in this repo (all independently sourced, core-tier): V_rujuuq_Vb (-rujuk + this affix), V_ruluuq_Vb (-ruluk + this affix), and, via -tuq, V_viksuq_Vb (-vik + tuq) -- cross-referenced here rather than re-derived, since none of those existing entries currently cite this bare morpheme as their own separate source.", "MOFO's left-sandhi facet for this entry is doubly listed as 'Truncative' AND 'Irregular/idiosyncratic' -- only the truncative value (matching this affix's vowel-initial shape) is modeled here; the 'irregular' hedge is not asserted as a separate field value." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___'s repeatedly, with short intervals", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb}}'s repeatedly, with short intervals" }, "da": "gøre det gentagne gange; en langvarig handling; en gentagen handling", "da_short": "___ gentagne gange", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "taajorpaa", "natural": "he mentions it several times (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from taavaa, 'he mentions it')" }, { "surface": "erniorpoq", "natural": "it breeds (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from ernivoq, 'it gives birth', literally 'gives birth several times')" }, { "surface": "saverorpaa", "natural": "he whittles it here and there; whittles it smooth (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from savippaa, 'he whittles it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-uq", "Kleinschmidt1871:erniorpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:erniorpoq" ], "id": "V_uq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qqajaaginnar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject is still/always just about to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqajaaginnar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "MOFO's own Constituents line: V{lqajaq}V + V{-a}V + V{-(g)innaq}V -- a transparent compound of this repo's own V_qqajaa_Vb ('is about to Vb') and V_innaq_Vb ('just/only Vb'ing'), given by MOFO as its own lexicalised dictionary entry with its own citation form, not merely a live derivation.", "qq-initial affix, same truncative grounding as V_qqajaa_Vb/V_qqu_Vb (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "MOFO records Inflection sandhi as 'Irregular ... see declension examples', but supplies no declension paradigm or worked form illustrating what the irregularity consists of; not asserted as this entry's own inflection_sandhi value for lack of evidence, per this repo's practice of declining to force an enum value without a worked example.", "Direct historical attestation: Kleinschmidt1871's dedicated `.qqajaalavoq` entry gives the variant `.qqajaaginnarpoq` and glosses it as \"er stedse nær ved\" (is always close to/about to), with the worked example `nakkaqqajaaginnarpoq` (always on the point of falling). This directly confirms the MOFO sense and the sibling relationship to V_qqajaala_Vb." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is still just about to ___; {{Subject}} is always just about to ___", "da": "nogen er stadig lige ved at gøre det; nogen er altid lige ved at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be still just about to ___; be always just about to ___", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is still just about to {{verb}}; {{Actor}} is always just about to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} is still just about to {{verb:3sg}}; {{Actor}} is always just about to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "stadig lige ved at ___; altid lige ved at ___", "composition": { "en": "be still just about to ___; be always just about to ___", "da": "er stadig lige ved at ___; er altid lige ved at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er stadig lige ved at ___; er altid lige ved at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aseroqqajaaginnarpara", "natural": "I am still just about to break it (MOFO's own example, from aserorpaa, 'he breaks/destroys it')" }, { "surface": "nakkaqqajaaginnarpoq", "natural": "it is still just about to fall down (MOFO's own example, from nakkarpoq, 'it falls down')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/lqajaaginnaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqajaalavoq#e9953" ], "id": "V_qqajaaginnar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qqajaala_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject is still/always just about to Vb (equivalent in meaning to V_qqajaaginnar_Vb above, per Schultz-Lorentzen)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_qqajaala_Vb:bac1aae25367", "items": [ { "text": "Subject is still/always just about to Vb (equivalent in meaning to V_qqajaaginnar_Vb above, per Schultz-Lorentzen)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/lqajaala", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqajaalavoq#e9953" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqajaala", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "MOFO's own Constituents line: V{lqajaq}V + V{-a}V + V{-la}V -- a transparent compound of this repo's own V_qqajaa_Vb ('is about to Vb') and a '-la' degree/duration element possibly related to this repo's own V_laaq_Vb ('to Vb a little'); that identity is not independently confirmed here, so V_laaq_Vb is not cited as a source for this element.", "qq-initial affix, same truncative grounding as V_qqajaa_Vb/V_qqu_Vb (AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7).", "Direct historical attestation: Kleinschmidt1871's dedicated `.qqajaalavoq` entry glosses the variant as \"er stedse nær ved\" (is always close to/about to), confirming this entry's equivalent-to-`V_qqajaaginnar_Vb` sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is still just about to ___; {{Subject}} is always just about to ___", "da": "nogen er stadig lige ved at gøre det; nogen er altid lige ved at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be still just about to ___; be always just about to ___", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is still just about to {{verb}}; {{Actor}} is always just about to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} is still just about to {{verb:3sg}}; {{Actor}} is always just about to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "stadig lige ved at ___; altid lige ved at ___", "composition": { "en": "be still just about to ___; be always just about to ___", "da": "er stadig lige ved at ___; er altid lige ved at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er stadig lige ved at ___; er altid lige ved at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Kleinschmidt1871 prints kinngoqqajaalavoq under this entry's own dedicated .qqajaalavoq headword; see the Batch N worked example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kinngoqqajaalavoq", "natural": "he is always just about to capsize (Kleinschmidt1871 own headword example; translation ours)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/lqajaala", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqajaalavoq#e9953" ], "id": "V_qqajaala_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qqammeer_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb'ed long ago (the reverse of the related V_qqammiq_Vb's 'recently' sense)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqammeer", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{lqammiiq}V, a combination of V{lqammiq}V (this repo's own V_qqammiq_Vb, 'recently') and a verb-modifying variant of N{-iq}V that MOFO's own text likens to V{-it}V ('is un-Vb'ing', this repo's own V_it_Vb) -- giving the reversed sense 'long ago'. A distinct fourth qqammiq-compound from the three (-nəru/-sima/-ŋŋit) already documented in V_qqammiq_Vb's own notes.", "qq-initial affix: boundary_behavior:truncating/left_sandhi:truncative grounded in AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/-initial rule, the same dual grounding already used throughout this repo's other qq-initial entries (e.g. V_qqu_Vb, V_qqammiq_Vb).", "Bracket-vs-citation vowel divergence, unresolved: MOFO's own bracket ends in a double /ii/ (qqammiiq), but its own citation is '-qqammeerpoq' (long /ee/); recorded here rather than silently smoothed over, per this repo's established practice." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___-ed long ago", "da": "nogen gjorde det for længe siden", "verb_phrase": "___-ed long ago (the reverse of the related V_qqammiq_Vb's 'recently' sense)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb:past}} long ago", "past": "{{Actor}} {{verb:past}} long ago" }, "da_short": "nogen gjorde det for længe siden", "composition": { "da": "___ for længe siden" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ for længe siden" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO's own text flags this as non-productive: 'not listed in newer dictionaries... does not seem to be used productively today'; even Kleinschmidt (1871) called it uncommon already in his own time. No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes source was found for this specific -iq-extended compound.", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqarfigeqqammeerpara", "natural": "I told him a long time ago (MOFO's own example, from oqarfigaa, 'he says something to him')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/lqammiiq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qqammeerpoq" ], "id": "V_qqammeer_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nngu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S feels bad/averse about Vb'ing; if the base stem is divalent, the Patient is dropped (the meaning is always active)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nngu_Vb:488a48fc8020", "items": [ { "text": "S feels bad/averse about Vb'ing; if the base stem is divalent, the Patient is dropped (the meaning is always active)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/lŋu", "Rasmussen1893:takunnguvoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tusannguvoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngu", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{lŋu}V, its own explicit 'variant of N{ŋŋu}V [the denominal 'feels bad/pain in his N' affix, docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md], but here used on verbal stems' -- a related but distinct, different-word-class sibling, not conflated here (the same non-conflation discipline this repo already applies to e.g. V_innaq_Vb/N_innaq_N).", "ŋ-initial affix (spelled doubled 'nng' in the citation): boundary_behavior:truncating/left_sandhi:truncative grounded in AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/-initial rule, the same grounding already used for this repo's V_ngaaq_Vb/V_ngngit_Vb." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} feels bad about ___-ing; {{Subject}} feels averse about ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} feels bad about {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} feels averse about {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} feels bad about {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} feels averse about {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "nogen har det dårligt med at gøre det; nogen er modvillig til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "feel bad about ___-ing; feel averse about ___-ing; if the base stem is divalent, the {{Patient}} is dropped (the meaning is always active)", "da_short": "har det dårligt med at ___; er modvillig til at ___", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "har det dårligt med at ___; er modvillig til at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "patient_decreasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO's own text: 'mentioned in older dictionaries, but not in newer ones, e.g. Oqaatsit... so it is presumably not productive.' The one Nielsen2012 hit found for this root (§5.3.1, qaleralinnguvoq, 'he is disgusted by halibut') is built on a NOUN stem (qaleralik, 'halibut'), i.e. it independently attests the sibling denominal N{ŋŋu}V, not this deverbal V{lŋu}V directly -- not cited here as direct corroboration.", "examples": [ { "surface": "takunnguvoq", "natural": "he feels bad about seeing (something) (MOFO's own example, from takuaa, 'he sees it')" }, { "surface": "tusannguvoq", "natural": "he feels bad about hearing (something) (MOFO's own example, from tusarpaa, 'he hears it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/lŋu", "Rasmussen1893:takunnguvoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tusannguvoq" ], "id": "V_nngu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_rnar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S Vb's for the first time (implying S is thereby inexperienced at Vb'ing); non-productive, mostly surviving lexicalised on the dummy base {pi}V ('pernar-'), used in the contemporative mood as a modifier of the main verb rather than attached to it directly", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_rnar_Vb:54641d95aafe", "items": [ { "text": "S Vb's for the first time (implying S is thereby inexperienced at Vb'ing); non-productive, mostly surviving lexicalised on the dummy base {pi}V ('pernar-'), used in the contemporative mood as a modifier of the main verb rather than attached to it directly", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/qnaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:takornarpaa", "Oqaatsit1997:takornarpaa#e16143", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:takornarpaa#e15144" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rnar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{qnaq}V (New orthography -rnarpoq); underlying_form '-rnar' follows the citation (stripping -poq), per this repo's own header-stated verbal_modifiers.yaml methodology. MOFO's own text (citing the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, Fortescue/Jacobson/Kaplan 2010) reconstructs a historical {n(ə)ʀaʀ(aʀ)(-)} source with the /qn/-cluster realised as [rn]; not independently re-derived here.", "MOFO's own citation carries a leading hyphen (-rnarpoq); grounds boundary_behavior:truncating/left_sandhi:truncative per AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/-initial rule, the same grounding already used throughout this repo for other q/k-initial affixes (e.g. V_kkuk_Vb, V_qqu_Vb).", "MOFO records a milder-productivity sibling, V{qŋaaq}V (this same batch's V_rngaar_Vb, below) -- MOFO's own 'Variants' cross-reference between the two pages; kept as two separate entries since MOFO treats them as two distinct dictionary pages with distinct productivity tags.", "DISAMBIGUATION: not to be confused with this repo's existing V_naq_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, MOFO:vv/naq, 'is Vb'able') -- a coincidentally similar '-narpoq'-shaped surface citation but an unrelated bracket form (V{naq}V, no /q/ onset) and unrelated meaning.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source found after a real search: the offline source-search hits for this MOFO id returned only unrelated '-narpoq'-substring matches belonging to the general adjectival V_naq_Vb family, not this specific 'for the first time' affix. Tail tier per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity policy." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s for the first time (so, is inexperienced)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s for the first time", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s for the first time" }, "da": "nogen gør det for første gang", "verb_phrase": "___-s for the first time (implying {{Subject}} is thereby inexperienced at ___-ing); non-productive, mostly surviving lexicalised on the dummy base {pi}V ('pernar-'), used in the contemporative mood as a modifier of the main verb rather than attached to it directly", "da_short": "nogen ___ for første gang", "composition": { "da": "___ for første gang" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ for første gang" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takornarpaa", "natural": "he sees it for the first time (MOFO's own example, sourced there to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from takuaa, 'he sees it')" }, { "surface": "pernarlunga allaffigaara", "natural": "I write to him for the first time (MOFO's own example, sourced there to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; pernar- from the dummy base {pi}V, used in the contemporative mood as a verbal modifier of the main verb, illustrating the more common lexicalised usage pattern rather than direct attachment to a verb stem)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/qnaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:takornarpaa", "Oqaatsit1997:takornarpaa#e16143", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:takornarpaa#e15144" ], "id": "V_rnar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_rngaar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S Vb's for the first time (implying S is thereby inexperienced at Vb'ing); a marginally-productive sibling of V_rnar_Vb, used in the identical meaning", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_rngaar_Vb:460fdaa73974", "items": [ { "text": "S Vb's for the first time (implying S is thereby inexperienced at Vb'ing); a marginally-productive sibling of V_rnar_Vb, used in the identical meaning", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/qŋaaq", "Oqaatsit1997:-rngaarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rngaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{qŋaaq}V (New orthography -rngaarpoq, ŋ respelled 'ng' per this repo's established orthographic convention); underlying_form '-rngaar' follows the citation (stripping -poq).", "Leading hyphen on MOFO's own citation grounds boundary_behavior:truncating/left_sandhi:truncative per AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋpqr/-initial rule, the same grounding as V_rnar_Vb above.", "MOFO's own text calls this 'a productive (or, at least, marginally productive) variant of V{qnaq}V' (V_rnar_Vb, this same batch) -- MOFO's own 'Variants' cross-reference. Despite the milder productivity claim and MOFO's own non_productive tag being False here, no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source was found after a real search (the offline source-search hits for this MOFO id returned no matches at all in the transcribed extracts), so tail tier still applies per CLAUDE.md's 'no independent source found after a real search' clause.", "DISAMBIGUATION: not to be confused with this repo's existing, independently-sourced V_ngaaq_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, '-ngaar', 'to Vb greatly, in a high degree') -- a coincidentally similar '-ngaarpoq'-shaped surface citation but a distinct bracket form (V{ŋaaq}V, no /q/ onset) and unrelated meaning (degree intensifier vs. this affix's 'for the first time')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s for the first time (so, is inexperienced)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s for the first time", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s for the first time" }, "da": "nogen gør det for første gang", "verb_phrase": "___-s for the first time (implying {{Subject}} is thereby inexperienced at ___-ing); a marginally-productive sibling of V_rnar_Vb, used in the identical meaning", "da_short": "nogen ___ for første gang", "composition": { "da": "___ for første gang" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ for første gang" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nalliuterngaarpoq", "natural": "he turns 1 year old / celebrates his first birthday (MOFO's own example, sourced there to Oqaatsit 1997; from nalliuppoq, 'it is his birthday', literally 'he celebrates birthday for the first time'; a t(e)-stem)" }, { "surface": "qajartorngaarpoq", "natural": "he has sailed in kayak for the first time (MOFO's own example, sourced there to Oqaatsit 1997; from qajartorpoq, 'he sails in kayak')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/qŋaaq", "Oqaatsit1997:-rngaarpoq" ], "id": "V_rngaar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_sak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S Vb's to a somewhat higher degree; non-productive, surviving in a few lexicalised words", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_sak_Vb:59b8fb8813df", "items": [ { "text": "S Vb's to a somewhat higher degree; non-productive, surviving in a few lexicalised words", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/sak", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-sappoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+sak", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Citation +sappoq shows k+p -> pp total regressive assimilation, not a distinct underlying consonant -- the same pattern already established throughout this repo for this exact assimilation (e.g. V_aluk_Vb, V_kujuk_Vb, V_kuluk_Vb, V_rujuk_Vb).", "MOFO records this as non-productive (Tags: 'Stem categorisation / Non-productive morpheme'); no independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source was found after a real search (the offline source-search hits for this MOFO id returned only unrelated same-substring affixes -- N{-isak}V, N{gasak}V, V{tsak}V, V{-kasik}V/V{-kassak}V -- none of which is this specific bare 'sak' morpheme). Tail tier per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity policy.", "DISAMBIGUATION: not to be confused with the unrelated V{tsak}V ('becomes Vb'ing', a mood/emotion-change affix per AITWG-Affixes p.37/docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md line 98 -- not yet in this repo either) despite the shared '-sak-'/'-sappoq' tail; MOFO gives these as two separate dictionary pages with distinct brackets (V{sak}V vs V{tsak}V) and distinct meanings." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s to a somewhat higher degree", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s to a somewhat higher degree", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s to a somewhat higher degree" }, "da": "nogen gør det i noget højere grad", "verb_phrase": "___-s to a somewhat higher degree; non-productive, surviving in a few lexicalised words", "da_short": "nogen ___ i noget højere grad", "composition": { "da": "___ i noget højere grad" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ i noget højere grad" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aalasappoq", "natural": "he is restless (MOFO's own example, sourced there to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from aalavoq, 'he moves around')" }, { "surface": "kavasappaa", "natural": "he pushes (against) him (MOFO's own example, sourced there to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; base stem unknown -- per MOFO's own note, not found in the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary either)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/sak", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-sappoq" ], "id": "V_sak_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_juminarsaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Agent makes Patient easily Vb'able; Agent makes Patient worth Vb'ing", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-juminarsaq", "host_boundary_operations": [ "fuse_preceding_q_with_g" ], "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "+guminarsaq" }, "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {yuminaqsaq}, a lexicalised combination of V{yuminaq}V (this repo's own V_juminar_Vb, 'S is easy/good to Vb', verbal_extenders.yaml) and V{saq}V (this repo's own V_sar_Vb, 'A tries to get P to Vb', verbal_extenders.yaml) -- MOFO records it as its own dictionary entry, apparently mentioned only by Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, not a live/productive derivation.", "underlying_form '-juminarsaq' carries V_juminar_Vb's own established q->r weakening through before the following consonant-initial V_sar_Vb component, the same medial-q-before-a-consonant pattern already documented on this file's own V_nertu_Vb (nəqtu -> -nertu).", "The q+g fusion selected by host_boundary_operations is inherited from MOFO's V{yuminaq}V component; its source explicitly says consonant-stem /g/ merges with /q/ to /r/. This declaration covers only that documented q+g boundary; other consonant-stem strengthening remains outside it.", "Direct adjacent-edition confirmation: Schultz-Lorentzen 1926 has takujuminarsarpaa (historical takujuminarsarpâ), glossed \"pynter ham el. det\" (makes him/it look good), and takujuminarsarpoq, \"pynter sig\" (makes oneself look good). These are the MOFO entry's own worked-example family and confirm the compound's surface and meaning even though MOFO cites 1958." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_juminarsaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} makes {{Agent}} easily ___'able", "da": "nogen gør det let for nogen at blive gjort det ved", "verb_phrase": "make {{Agent}} easily ___'able; {{Agent}} makes {{Patient}} worth ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} makes {{Patient}} easily {{verb}}'able", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} makes {{Actor}} else easily {{verb:3sg}}'able" }, "da_short": "gør det let for nogen at ___", "composition": { "en": "make {{Patient}} easily ___'able; {{Actor}} makes {{Patient}} worth ___-ing", "da": "___ let for nogen at blive ___ ved" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ let for nogen at blive ___ ved" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takujuminarsarpaa", "natural": "he makes it worth watching (MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "atoruminarsarpaa", "natural": "he makes it easy to use; he makes it easily usable (MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "pigiuminarsarpaa", "natural": "he makes it desirable (MOFO's own example, from pigaa, 'he has/owns it', lit. 'he makes it worth/easily own-able')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/yuminaqsaq", "MOFO:vv/yuminaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:takujumnarsarpaa#e17211" ], "id": "V_juminarsaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_tariaarut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "it=Patient no longer needs to be Vb'ed (impersonal; a lexicalised combination of habitual V_tar_Vb, a deverbal nominalizer, and the deprivative 'no longer has' affix)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_tariaarut_Vb:5aae00804d30", "items": [ { "text": "it=Patient no longer needs to be Vb'ed (impersonal; a lexicalised combination of habitual V_tar_Vb, a deverbal nominalizer, and the deprivative 'no longer has' affix)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/ðarijairut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tariaarut", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ðarijairut(ə)}, a compound of V{ðaq}V (habitual, this repo's own V_tar_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml, Fortescue1984:323), the deverbal nominalizer V{-rijaq}N (not independently modeled in this repo), and N{-irut(ə)}V ('no longer has', this repo's own N_irut_Vb, denominal_verbs.yaml) -- MOFO records it as its own lexicalised dictionary entry, tagged by MOFO itself as non-productive.", "underlying_form respells the bracket per this repo's established conventions: ð->t (V_tit_Vb precedent), the bracket's /ai/ diphthong simplifying to /aa/ (V_tainnaq_Vb precedent, the identical 'ðainnaq'->'+taannarpoq' pattern), and the internal /j/ after /i/ not written (V_gijaqtuq_Vb precedent) -- together giving '-tariaarut', matching the directly-attested citation 'tariaaruppoq' (t+p -> pp) once the trailing parenthetical schwa is dropped, the same treatment N_irut_Vb already gives its own '(ə)'.", "right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering is MOFO's own literal facet ('t(ə) sandhi': truncative affixes attach to /ə/, additive affixes attach to /t/) -- the same value already used on this repo's independently-sourced N_irut_Vb/N_liqŋusaut_Vb/N_liuut_Vb entries (denominal_verbs.yaml) for the identical MOFO facet on that same {-irut(ə)} final component.", "A second citation allomorph, '+sariaaruppoq', is directly attested by this entry's own iluarsisariaaruppoq example (from iluarsivaa, an /i/-final stem) -- the same /t/->[s] assibilation-after-/i/ pattern already documented in prose (not as an allomorphs field value) on this repo's own V_tar_Vb entry; not modeled as an allomorphs field value here either, for consistency.", "MOFO's own 'Stem type' facet for this page reads 'q-stem', which does not match this affix's own t(ə)-final tail (per its bracket form and the t+p->pp assimilation visible in every citation) -- flagged as an open, unresolved discrepancy in MOFO's own page rather than asserted as morphology_class.stem_type. MOFO's own 'Valency' line also co-lists three different values ('Increasing', 'Divalent', 'Agent decreasing') with no clear single primary; morphology_class.valency_scale/valency_effect are both left unset rather than guessing among them.", "MOFO lists the distinct qaq-containing V{ðarijaqairut(ə)}V (+tariaqaaruppoq), now modeled as V_tariaqaarut_Vb. The checked-in Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.6.5 body attests that qaq-containing form, whereas its index abbreviates it as +Tariaaruta-. The Nielsen citation below supports this comparison, not independent attestation of this entry's bare tariaaruppoq examples. The later 2019 edition attributed by MOFO remains unavailable for independent verification." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it else no longer needs to be ___-ed; {{Patient}} else no longer needs to be ___-ed; something else no longer needs to be ___-ed", "da": "det behøver ikke længere at blive gjort det ved", "en_short": { "default": "no longer needs to be {{verb:past}}", "past": "no longer needs to be {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "det behøver ikke længere at blive ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO cites three of its four examples to Flemming A.J. Nielsen's 2019 edition of Vestgrønlandsk Grammatik (FAJN19) -- a later edition than the 2012 one this repo has a verified, checked-in transcript of (Nielsen2012); FAJN19 is not independently checkable in this repo, so these are cited here via MOFO only, not as independent Nielsen2012 corroboration.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tusaaqqittariaaruppoq", "natural": "it did not need to be heard again (MOFO's own example, from tusaavaa, 'he hears it', and V{nqik}V, 'Vb again')" }, { "surface": "iluarsisariaaruppoq", "natural": "it no longer needs to be corrected (from iluarsivaa, 'he corrects it' -- an /i/-final stem, illustrating the +sariaarut- allomorph)" }, { "surface": "qalipattariaaruppoq", "natural": "it no longer needs to be painted (from qalipappaa, 'he paints it')" }, { "surface": "ammartariaaruppoq", "natural": "it no longer needs to be opened (from ammarpaa, 'he opens it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ðarijairut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5" ], "id": "V_tariaarut_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nngujuuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S is almost/nearly Vb'ing; possibly, S is just about to (be) Vb'ing", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nngujuuq_Vb:a775ccb8f4d5", "items": [ { "text": "S is almost/nearly Vb'ing; possibly, S is just about to (be) Vb'ing", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/ŋŋujuuq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngujuuq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket form is V{ŋŋujuuq}V; underlying_form follows the bracket directly. The attested citation '-nngujoorpoq' shows the expected q->r weakening before the -poq ending plus the adjacent u->o lowering next to that now-uvular consonant -- an ordinary sound rule on the ENDING's side of the boundary, not modeled as a field value here, the same treatment this repo already gives structurally identical q-weakening citations (e.g. V_yumaaq_Vb, V_riikatak_Vb in sentential_affixes.yaml).", "ŋŋ-initial (doubled /ŋ/) affix: grounds left_sandhi:truncative per the same AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 /kŋpqr/-initial reasoning already used for this repo's other ŋŋ-initial entries (e.g. V_ngngit_Vb, V_nnguaq_Vb); MOFO's own 'Left sandhi: Default' facet (inferred directly from the morphemic form) is consistent with, not contradicted by, this.", "MOFO itself tags this non-productive ('Stem categorisation / Non-productive morpheme') and its own form_and_usage note says the affix 'is listed in Nielsen [FAJN19, the 2019 ed.], but seemingly not anywhere else.' A real search of this repo's own Nielsen2012 (2012 ed.) and Bjornum2012 extracts found no matching entry, so tail-tier MOFO:-only citation applies per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy. Needs a docs/investigations/mofo/mofo-parity-tracking.md backlog row on commit (not added here -- this session is research/drafting only)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is almost ___-ing; {{Subject}} is nearly ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is almost {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} is nearly {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} is almost {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} is nearly {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "nogen er næsten ved at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be almost ___-ing; be nearly ___-ing; possibly, {{Subject}} is just about to (be) ___-ing", "da_short": "nogen er næsten ved at ___", "composition": { "da": "er næsten ved at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er næsten ved at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isumaqatigiinngujoorput", "natural": "they are almost/nearly agreeing (MOFO's own example, from isumaqatigiipput, 'they agree')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ŋŋujuuq" ], "id": "V_nngujuuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nnaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject continues to Vb, out of pleasure/enjoyment", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nnaaq_Vb:7a15169b68f8", "items": [ { "text": "Subject continues to Vb, out of pleasure/enjoyment", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/(n)naaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:nuannaarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:nuannaarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuannaarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+naar", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{(n)naaq}V; citation duality '+naarpoq, -nnaarpoq' shows a conditioned linking /(n)/ present on some stems and not others -- underlying_form models the plain additive '+naar' form (q->r weakening before the vowel-initial ending, this repo's established convention), the '(n)' conditioning recorded in prose only, matching this repo's practice for other parenthetical-linking-consonant affixes (e.g. V_pallak_evidential_Vb, V_lluinnaq_Vb).", "MOFO cross-references this affix (via the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary) as related to V{(n)niq}V and V{(n)narə}V (this same batch's V_nniq_Vb/V_nnari_Vb) -- a MOFO-internal cross-reference only, not independently re-derived.", "Surface words nuannaarpoq/tusarnaarpaa recur elsewhere in this repo's Nielsen2012 extracts (e.g. docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/5.3.3-verbalgraduerende-tilhaeng.md) only as already-lexicalised BASE verbs for unrelated grading affixes, never as this affix's own headword -- checked and declined as independent corroboration, consistent with MOFO's own non-productive tag." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} continues to ___, out of enjoyment", "da": "nogen fortsætter med at gøre det, af fornøjelse", "verb_phrase": "continue to ___, out of pleasure; continue to ___, out of enjoyment", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} continues to {{verb}}, out of enjoyment", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} continues to {{verb:3sg}}, out of enjoyment" }, "da_short": "nogen fortsætter med at ___, af fornøjelse", "composition": { "da": "fortsætter med at ___, af fornøjelse" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "fortsætter med at ___, af fornøjelse" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive, found only in lexicalised words; MOFO's own three examples below (all cited there to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958).", "examples": [ { "surface": "tusarnaarpaa", "natural": "he listens for it; he listens to him (from tusarpaa, 'he hears it')" }, { "surface": "isiginnaarpoq", "natural": "he is a spectator; onlooker (from isigaa, 'he sees it')" }, { "surface": "nuannaarpoq", "natural": "he is happy; joyous (compare nuannerpoq, 'it is joyous')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/(n)naaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:nuannaarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:nuannaarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuannaarpoq" ], "id": "V_nnaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nnari_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent finds Patient enjoyable to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nari", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+nnari" }, "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{(n)narə}V, historically {?} + V{naq}V + V{-gə}V; underlying_form '+nari' respells the bracket's final schwa as 'i', the same pre-contraction-form methodology this repo already uses for the same {-gə}-family shape (V_niutigi_Vb, V_utigi_Vb).", "Ruled out as a false-positive collision against two flagged corpus matches: N_nnaar_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml) is etymologically unrelated -- MOFO's own Constituents line for THIS affix is '{?} + V{naq}V + V{-gə}V', whereas N_nnaar_Vb is built from the nominal N{nnaaq}N ('favourite N') + N{-gə}V, a different compound sharing only a coincidentally similar surface string. V_naar_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml, 'A finds P too Vb'ing') is MOFO's own bare V{narə}V variant (listed on this affix's own page as a 'Variant'), which MOFO explicitly distinguishes: '[V{narə}V] is used productively... but without the enjoyable sense'. Confirmed via separate mofo-mirror pages narə.html (bare) vs (n)narə.html (this entry).", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset: MOFO's own facet is 'ə-stem' (this schema's schwa_final_stem value), but per this repo's own established caution on the same {-gə}-family (V_niutigi_Vb/V_suri_Vb notes), whether AITWG:§6.4's 'Nominal stem-types' grounding extends to a non-nominal/affixal ə-stem has not been confirmed. (That caution is about THIS affix's own classification, unrelated to the host-keyed allomorphs entry above.)", "application_logic.allomorphs.vowel_final_stem '+nnari' (doubled initial /n/) is needed for the dummy root {pi}V (this repo's pi_v, kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml), asserted vowel_final_stem there specifically to key this entry -- see that stem's own note. Citation: pinnaraa ('he finds her beautiful', this entry's own pedagogy.examples, MOFO:vv/(n)narə) -- the doubled-n spelling is the '(n)'-prefixed member of MOFO's own citation duality 'narpaa/(n)narpaa' surfacing after a vowel-final host, the same conditioning already modeled in prose for V_nnaar_Vb/V_nniq_Vb (this batch's sibling entries)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} finds {{Agent}} enjoyable to ___", "da": "nogen synes det er rart at gøre det ved nogen", "verb_phrase": "find {{Agent}} enjoyable to ___", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} finds {{Patient}} enjoyable to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} finds {{Actor}} else enjoyable to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen synes det er rart at ___ ved nogen", "composition": { "en": "find {{Patient}} enjoyable to ___", "da": "synes det er rart at ___ ved nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "synes det er rart at ___ ved nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive; MOFO's own examples below (cited there to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 / Kleinschmidt 1871).", "examples": [ { "surface": "tusarnaraa", "natural": "he likes to hear/listen to it (from tusarpaa, 'he hears it')" }, { "surface": "nuannaraa", "natural": "he enjoys it (compare nuannaarpoq, 'he is happy')" }, { "surface": "pinnaraa", "natural": "he finds her beautiful (from the dummy base {pi}V, giving the pure meaning of the affix; compare pinnerpoq, 'she is beautiful')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/(n)narə", "Kleinschmidt1871:nuannaraa", "Oqaatsit1997:nuannaraa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuannaraa" ], "id": "V_nnari_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nniit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject is bad/awful to Vb (avalent when used with a bare 3sg/4sg ending: 'it is bad/awful to Vb')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+niip", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{(n)niit}V, a straightforward combination of V{(n)niq}V (this same batch's V_nniq_Vb) + V{-it}V (this repo's own V_it_Vb, sentential_affixes.yaml, 'is un-Vb'ing'). Citation '+niippoq' shows t+p -> pp total assimilation, so underlying_form follows this repo's established convention of modeling the assimilated spelling directly (matching V_vik_Vb, V_rujuk_Vb, V_jallak_Vb), not the bracket's own final /t/.", "MOFO also records a secondary right-sandhi fact, tð⇒ts especially with the intransitive participle (-tsoq) -- not modeled as a second right_sandhi value, recorded in prose only, matching this repo's one-value-of-several-co-listed practice (e.g. V_tit_Vb, V_suri_Vb).", "AITWG-Affixes' own V_it_Vb entry (sentential_affixes.yaml) already cites 'pinniippoq' as its own worked example of the bare -it negation applied directly to pinnerpoq -- the same surface word MOFO cites here as evidence for a separate (n)niit affix. AITWG-Affixes itself never identifies '(n)niit' as its own morpheme, so this entry does not cite it; MOFO's own separate dictionary page is the sole basis for cataloguing this as its own entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is bad to ___; {{Subject}} is awful to ___", "da": "det er dårligt at gøre det ved nogen; det er forfærdeligt at gøre det ved nogen", "verb_phrase": "be bad to ___; be awful to ___", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is bad to {{verb}}; {{Actor}} is awful to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} is bad to {{verb:3sg}}; {{Actor}} is awful to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "dårligt at ___ ved nogen; forfærdeligt at ___ ved nogen", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "subject_decreasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive, found only in lexicalised (mostly adjectival) words.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tusarniippoq", "natural": "it is awful to hear; it sounds awful (from tusarpaa, 'he listens to it')" }, { "surface": "inussiarniippoq", "natural": "he is unfriendly (compare inussiarnerpoq, 'he is friendly')" }, { "surface": "pinniippoq", "natural": "he is ugly (compare pinnerpoq, 'he is beautiful'; the same surface word this repo's own V_it_Vb cites as its own example, from the opposite direction)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/(n)niit", "Kleinschmidt1871:tusarniippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:inussiarniippoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inussiarniippoq", "Petersen1951:-niippoq#e13008" ], "id": "V_nniit_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nniq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject is good/enjoyable to Vb (avalent when used with a bare 3sg/4sg ending: 'it is good/enjoyable to Vb')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+ner", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+nner" }, "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{(n)niq}V; citation '+nerpoq, -nnerpoq' shows the general q->r weakening before the vowel-initial ending -- underlying_form '+ner' follows this repo's established convention.", "Ruled out as a false-positive collision against the flagged corpus match V_niq_Vb (sentential_affixes.yaml, '+niq', 'I wonder/maybe'): a coincidental homograph sharing only the surface string 'niq', unrelated bracket form and meaning; not the same morpheme.", "Also genuinely distinct from this repo's own V_neq_N/V_neq_comparative_N (deverbal_nouns.yaml): those are N-side nominalisers of a VERB stem (different category_shift), unrelated function.", "application_logic.allomorphs.vowel_final_stem '+nner' (doubled initial /n/) is needed for the dummy root {pi}V (this repo's pi_v, kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml), asserted vowel_final_stem there specifically to key this entry -- see that stem's own note. Citation: pinnerpoq ('he is beautiful', this entry's own pedagogy.examples, MOFO:vv/(n)niq) -- the doubled-n spelling is the '(n)'-prefixed member of MOFO's own citation duality 'nerpoq/(n)nerpoq' surfacing after a vowel-final host, the same conditioning already modeled in prose for V_nnaar_Vb/V_nnari_Vb (this batch's sibling entries).", "morphology_class.stem_type below (uvular_final_stem) is this AFFIX's own unrelated MOFO-facet classification ('q-stem', how the affix itself behaves as a host for further suffixation), not a host-keying field -- the allomorphs entry above keys on the PRECEDING stem's own stem_type instead." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is good to ___; {{Subject}} is enjoyable to ___", "da": "det er godt at gøre det ved nogen; det er rart at gøre det ved nogen", "verb_phrase": "be good to ___; be enjoyable to ___", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is good to {{verb}}; {{Actor}} is enjoyable to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} is good to {{verb:3sg}}; {{Actor}} is enjoyable to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "det er godt at ___ ved nogen; det er rart at ___ ved nogen", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "subject_decreasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive, found only in lexicalised (mostly adjectival) words.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tusarnerpoq", "natural": "it is good to hear; it is pleasurable to listen to (lexicalised, from tusarpaa, 'he hears it')" }, { "surface": "nuannerpoq", "natural": "it is good/enjoyable (lexicalised; the base is not used independently)" }, { "surface": "pinnerpoq", "natural": "he is beautiful (lexicalised, from the dummy root {pi}V, giving the pure meaning of the affix)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/(n)niq", "Kleinschmidt1871:tusarnerpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:tusarnerpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tusarnerpoq" ], "id": "V_nniq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ttaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject is still/continually Vb'ing, as a characteristic behaviour", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ttaq_Vb:849c71c19016", "items": [ { "text": "Subject is still/continually Vb'ing, as a characteristic behaviour", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/(t)taq", "Kleinschmidt1871:kamagittarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kamagittarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kamagittarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+ttar", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{(t)taq}V; per MOFO's own Comparative Eskimo Dictionary cross-reference, the historic reconstructed form {t(t)aʀ-} confirms the initial consonant is /t/ (despite the old orthography's own apparent 'g'/'-gtarpoĸ' spelling) -- underlying_form '+ttar' follows the new-orthography citation directly (q->r weakening).", "Tentative gloss per MOFO's own hedge ('the meaning is unclear... tentative, since there are not many examples').", "No collision with this repo's own V_tar_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'to V repeatedly, habitually'): that entry's own bracket form is V{ðaq}V, a different phonemic shape from this affix's V{(t)taq}V -- confirmed as two separate MOFO dictionary pages." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is still ___-ing, characteristically; {{Subject}} is continually ___-ing, characteristically", "da": "nogen bliver ved med at gøre det, som en fast vane", "verb_phrase": "be still ___-ing, as a characteristic behaviour; be continually ___-ing, as a characteristic behaviour", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is still {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} is continually {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} is still {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} is continually {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen bliver ved med at ___, som en fast vane", "composition": { "da": "bliver ved med at ___, som en fast vane" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver ved med at ___, som en fast vane" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive, found only in a few lexicalised words (all cited by MOFO to Petersen 1967/Schultz-Lorentzen 1958).", "examples": [ { "surface": "naakkittarpoq", "natural": "he is merciful (from naakkigaa, 'he pities him')" }, { "surface": "misigittarpoq", "natural": "he is sensitive (from misigaa, 'he feels it')" }, { "surface": "kamagittarpoq", "natural": "he is patient/tolerant/slow to anger (from kamagaa, 'he shows tolerance of it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/(t)taq", "Kleinschmidt1871:kamagittarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kamagittarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kamagittarpoq" ], "id": "V_ttaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ma_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject is in a state of having Vb'ed" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ma", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO describes V{-(u)ma}V as generally truncative and proposes that /u/ appears when a preceding consonant is deleted, with possible exceptions. Its proposed metathesis analysis of eqqumavoq is tentative. The current -ma form and truncating boundary do not encode a general vowel selector; the irregular conditioning remains unverified.", "MOFO compares related stative affixes but its list refers back to -(u)ma itself; do not treat that list as a settled inventory. Bjornum2012:K9§6 lists -mavoq as nonproductive and references -ngavoq and -qqavoq.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13 directly lists ÷ma-, restricted in modern usage to lexicalized words. It contrasts recalling with remembering in eqqaavaa / eqqaamavaa, independently corroborating this record's stative-resultative meaning and nonproductive status.", "Modern eqqaamavaa rows attest remembers it, independently of the affix analysis. The awake eqqumavoq example must use Schultz-Lorentzen e3197, not the homographic submerged/pulled-along e3423 reading. These exact word pins do not make -ma productive or independently determine its irregular attachment." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is in a state of having ___-ed", "da": "nogen er i en tilstand af at have gjort det", "verb_phrase": "be in a state of having ___-ed", "en_short": "{{Subject}} is in a state of having ___-ed", "da_short": "nogen er i en tilstand af at have gjort det", "composition": { "en": "be in a state of having ___-ed", "da": "er i en tilstand af at have ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er i en tilstand af at have ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive, found only in lexicalised words (all cited by MOFO to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958).", "examples": [ { "surface": "eqqumavoq", "natural": "he is awake (from iterpoq, 'he wakes up')" }, { "surface": "eqqaamavaa", "natural": "he remembers it (from eqqaavaa, 'he recalls it' -- denotes the resulting state of remembering, vs. eqqaavaa's momentary act of recalling)" }, { "surface": "ikumavoq", "natural": "it burns; it is burning (from {əkə}V, 'it burns', with loss of the final /ə/)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-(u)ma", "Kleinschmidt1871:eqqumavoq#e2884", "SchultzLorentzen1926:eqqumavoq#e3197", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqaamavaa#e2953", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqaamavaa#e2845", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqumavoq#e3065", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqumavoq#e2964", "SchultzLorentzen1927:eqqumavoq#e3197", "Oqaatsit1997:ikumavoq#e3761", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikumavoq#e3627", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -mavoq" ], "id": "V_ma_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_a_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject persists in Vb'ing (sense 1); several Subjects Vb en masse, in flocks/groups, used only in the plural (sense 2) -- MOFO records both senses under one shared, possibly-coincidentally-homonymous headword, unresolved whether historically one or two morphemes", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_a_Vb:1b24d1b7d30d", "items": [ { "text": "Subject persists in Vb'ing (sense 1); several Subjects Vb en masse, in flocks/groups, used only in the plural (sense 2) -- MOFO records both senses under one shared, possibly-coincidentally-homonymous headword, unresolved whether historically one or two morphemes", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-a", "Kleinschmidt1871:neriavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:issiavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isaapput" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-a", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{-a}V, vowel-initial, grounding left_sandhi:truncative per the same vowel-initial-truncative class already used elsewhere in this repo (e.g. V_it_Vb, sentential_affixes.yaml).", "MOFO's own hedge, quoted directly: 'it is not clear whether it is actually originally two different morphemes, that have become homonymous in Kalaallisut, or whether both meanings originally derive from the same meaning' -- both senses are recorded here under one entry (matching MOFO's own single dictionary page), not asserted as definitively one morpheme.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration found: neriavoq/issiavoq/nilliavoq were checked and only found reused elsewhere as already-lexicalised base words for unrelated constructions (e.g. issiavoq as a locative-case example in docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/4-nominer.md), never as this affix's own headword." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} persists in ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} persists in {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} persists in {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "nogen bliver ved med at ___", "verb_phrase": "persist in ___-ing", "da_short": "nogen bliver ved med at ___", "composition": { "en": "persist in ___-ing", "da": "bliver ved med at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver ved med at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive, found only in lexicalised words (all cited by MOFO to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958).", "examples": [ { "surface": "neriavoq", "natural": "he is greedy; eats greedily (sense 1, from nerivoq, 'he eats' -- 'he eats and continues to do so')" }, { "surface": "issiavoq", "natural": "he is sitting (sense 1, from issippoq, 'he sits down' -- the state of being seated, vs. the change-of-state event)" }, { "surface": "isaapput", "natural": "they enter (in groups) (sense 2, plural-only, from {isəq}V, 'Subject enters'; an old lexicalised combination)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-a", "Kleinschmidt1871:neriavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:issiavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isaapput" ], "id": "V_a_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_vaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject Vb's greatly (an intensifier/strengthener)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-aaq" }, "underlying_form": "-vaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {vaaq}, a q-stem; New orthography citation gives both -vaarpoq and -aarpoq as attested surface variants. MOFO's own text notes this affix is 'apparently not mentioned independently' in Kleinschmidt (1871) or Schultz-Lorentzen (1958); a targeted search of this repo's own AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 transcribed extracts (grep for 'vaaq'/'vaar'/'greatly') found no independent corroboration either.", "STATUS (issue #349 follow-up, scripts/affix_shape_sweep.py): Oqaatsit1997 has its own dedicated '-vaarpoq' headword entry reproducing this entry's own angivaarpoq ('er enormt stor', is enormously big) and pisaqavaarpoq ('har sandelig haft en god fangst', really had a good catch) examples verbatim, with matching senses, and cross-references the same -aarpoq variant MOFO's own citation already notes. Petersen 1951/1967 also carries a dedicated '-vaarpoq' headword entry. This closes the lexeme-validation gap MOFO's own citation locators (Kleinschmidt 1871, Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) could not." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s greatly (intensifier)", "da": "nogen gør det kraftigt; nogen gør det meget", "verb_phrase": "___-s greatly (an intensifier/strengthener)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s greatly", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s greatly" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ kraftigt; nogen ___ meget", "composition": { "da": "___ kraftigt; ___ meget" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ kraftigt; ___ meget" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angivaarpoq", "natural": "It is very big. (from angivoq, 'it is big')" }, { "surface": "pisaqavaarpoq", "natural": "He had a very good catch. (from pisaqarpoq, 'he has caught something' -- literally 'he greatly caught (something)')" }, { "surface": "orluaarpoq", "natural": "He fell really hard. (from orluvoq, 'he falls')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3", "MOFO:vv/vaaq", "Oqaatsit1997:-vaarpoq", "Petersen1967:-vaarpoq" ], "id": "V_vaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nga_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject is in a state of having Vb'ed (a non-productive stative/resultative affix)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ŋa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13 directly lists +nga- 2 as lexicalized-only and contrasts toquvoq / toqungavoq and unippoq / uninngavoq. This independently corroborates the nonproductive state use, distinct from the noun-to-verb resemblance affix N_nga_Vb.", "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ŋa}, tagged non-productive by MOFO itself, found only in lexicalised words. MOFO records left-sandhi as 'Truncative, Irregular' -- only the truncative case is modeled here (grounded by AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's /kŋrq/-initial rule), the irregular sub-case left unasserted as a field value, matching this file's established one-value-of-several-co-listed practice (cf. V_niutigi_Vb, V_neqaq_Vb).", "MOFO records three other affixes with the same core meaning, V{-(u)ma}V, V{sa}V, and V{ŋqa}V -- only the last of which is still productive today; not modeled as separate entries here.", "DISAMBIGUATION: homographic in citation spelling only with this repo's own N_nga_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml, 'S resembles N', N->V) -- that entry's own notes already flag and decline this exact V->V '+ngavoq' affix as an unrelated homograph, citing Bjornum2012 directly; this entry is the first to actually author it.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 prints nonproductive +ngavoq for this stative family. The source-specific additive/truncative analyses across its cited variants remain a separate attachment question." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is in a state of having ___-ed", "da": "nogen er i en tilstand af at have gjort det", "verb_phrase": "be in a state of having ___-ed (a non-productive stative/resultative affix)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is in a state of having {{verb:past}}", "past": "{{Actor}} is in a state of having {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er i en tilstand af at have gjort det", "composition": { "en": "be in a state of having ___-ed", "da": "er i en tilstand af at have ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er i en tilstand af at have ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Bjornum2012's own dedicated '+ngavoq v-v er i en tilstand af' entry (9-affikser.md) glosses it identically ('is in a state of'), explicitly notes it is no longer productive ('ikke længere produktivt'), and cross-references -mavoq/-qqavoq the same way MOFO does -- with its own example pair (toqungavoq/uninngavoq), independent of MOFO's own (innangavoq/nakkangavoq/nipinngavoq).", "examples": [ { "surface": "uninngavoq", "natural": "he stands still (Nielsen2012 §5.3.3.13, from unippoq)" }, { "surface": "innangavoq", "natural": "He is lying down. (from innarpoq, 'he goes to bed')" }, { "surface": "nakkangavoq", "natural": "It is hanging down. (from nakkarpoq, 'it falls down')" }, { "surface": "toqungavoq", "natural": "He is dead. (from toquvoq, 'he dies/is dead' -- Bjornum2012's own independently-attested example, not MOFO's)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ŋa", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +ngavoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:innangavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:innangavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:innangavoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13" ], "id": "V_nga_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_tait_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject is without Vb'ing; is Vb-less" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ttaap", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{(t)tait}V, a lexicalised combination of the non-productive V{(t)taq}V (not itself in this repo's data) and the privative V{-it}V, 'is un-Vb'ing' (the same privative already documented in this repo's V_ja_Vb/V_juit_Vb notes, verbal_extenders.yaml, for other combinations).", "underlying_form '-ttaap' is the citation's own surface spelling (-ttaappoq minus the -poq ending), per this repo's established citation-over-bracket convention; MOFO records this affix's own left-sandhi simply as 'Default'." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is without ___-ing; is ___-less", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is without {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} is without {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "nogen er uden at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be without ___-ing; be ___-less", "da_short": "nogen er uden at ___", "composition": { "en": "be without ___-ing; be ___-less", "da": "er uden at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er uden at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes corroboration found; MOFO itself tags this a non-productive stem-categorisation morpheme. Needs a docs/investigations/mofo/mofo-parity-tracking.md backlog row per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity policy.", "examples": [ { "surface": "naakkittaappoq", "natural": "He is merciless. (contrast naakkittarpoq, 'he is merciful')" }, { "surface": "misigittaappoq", "natural": "He is cold/callous. (contrast misigittarpoq, 'he is sensitive')" }, { "surface": "naammagittaappoq", "natural": "He is hard to satisfy; he can never get enough. (contrast naammagittarpoq, 'he is frugal/easily satisfied')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/(t)tait", "Kleinschmidt1871:naakkittaappoq", "Oqaatsit1997:naakkittaappoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naakkittaappoq" ], "id": "V_tait_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_tuinnaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb's incessantly, all the time", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_tuinnaq_Vb:e9862ca49964", "items": [ { "text": "Subject Vb's incessantly, all the time", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/(t)tuinnaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tuinnar", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{(t)tuinnaq}V, a non-productive affix found only in older dictionaries; per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary its first component is a historical {tu-} with no independent Kalaallisut descendant. For the PRODUCTIVE cousin, see this repo's own V_juaq_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml), whose own notes already document MOFO's cross-referenced V{Juainnaq}V/'+juaannarpoq, +tuaannarpoq' as a compound -- a surface-distinct word (tuaannar- vs this entry's tuinnar-), not the same entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s incessantly (all the time)", "da": "nogen gør det uafbrudt (hele tiden)", "verb_phrase": "___-s incessantly (all the time)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s incessantly (all the time)", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s incessantly (all the time)" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ uafbrudt (hele tiden)", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ uafbrudt (hele tiden)" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4 independently records +ttuaannar-/+ttuinnar- with the same “all the time” sense, calls it old-fashioned/biblical, and gives isigittuinnarpaa, inuuuttuinnarpoq, aallartuinnarpoq and naalattuinnarpoq. This is close corroboration for the meaning and tt-initial surface forms, but does not by itself resolve MOFO's parenthesized (t)tuinnaq analysis, the repo's citation-based +tuinnar underlying form, or the nonproductive classification. Comparative Eskimo Dictionary treats MOFO's historical first component tu- as lacking an independent Kalaallisut descendant; retain that as a separate analysis, not a license to normalize the two source descriptions. MOFO itself tags this entry non-productive. Needs a docs/investigations/mofo/mofo-parity-tracking.md backlog row per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity policy.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aallartuinnarpoq", "natural": "He is always travelling." }, { "surface": "atortuinnarpaa", "natural": "He always uses it; he uses it constantly." }, { "surface": "tipaatsuttuinnarpoq", "natural": "He is always happy. (from tipaatsuppoq, 'he is happy')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/(t)tuinnaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4" ], "id": "V_tuinnaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ci_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Patient (unfortunately/accidentally) Vb'ed for Agent", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-i", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {-(c)i}, per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary historically a variant of {li-} ('become (more) Vb'ing', this repo's own V_li_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml) -- but semantically distinct (V_li_Vb is intransitive/stative, this affix is transitive/valency-increasing), not conflated. MOFO also lists V{si}V among its variants; that is a DIFFERENT MOFO catalog page ({ði}, this repo's own V_si_Vb, the unrelated HTR half-transitiviser) sharing only a surface '-si-' string on vowel stems, not this affix's meaning.", "ID kept as 'V_ci_Vb' rather than the bare '-i' the usual parenthetical-stripping convention would suggest, specifically to avoid a same-string clash with the unrelated existing V_si_Vb -- same disambiguation rationale as V_palaaq_manner_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml).", "left_sandhi:irregular is MOFO's own literal facet, directly attested by two distinct worked patterns: truncative on consonant-final hosts with no linking consonant (aserorpoq -> aseruivaa, /q/ deleted; annappoq -> annaavaa, /k/ deleted), and additive with an epenthetic /c/ (spelt 's') on vowel-final hosts (kivivoq -> kivisivaa; tingivoq -> tingisivaa)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_ci_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} (unfortunately/accidentally) ___-ed for {{Agent}}", "da": "nogen kom desværre til at gøre det ved nogen; nogen kom ved et uheld til at gøre det ved nogen", "verb_phrase": "else (unfortunately/accidentally) ___-ed for {{Patient}}", "en_short": "{{Patient}}", "da_short": "kom desværre til at ___; kom ved et uheld til at ___", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "kom desværre til at ___ ved nogen; kom ved et uheld til at ___ ved nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes corroboration found; MOFO itself flags the affix as not very productive in modern use. Needs a docs/investigations/mofo/mofo-parity-tracking.md backlog row per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aseruivaa", "natural": "It (accidentally) broke for him. (from aserorpoq, 'it broke/was destroyed' -- consonant stem, /q/ truncated)" }, { "surface": "annaavaa", "natural": "It escaped him. (e.g. an animal he was hunting; from annappoq, 'it escapes' -- consonant stem, /k/ truncated)" }, { "surface": "kivisivaa", "natural": "It sank for him. (of a boat; from kivivoq, 'it sank' -- vowel stem, epenthetic /c/ inserted)" }, { "surface": "tingisivaa", "natural": "It flew away from him. (e.g. a bird he was hunting; from tingivoq, 'it flew away' -- vowel stem, epenthetic /c/ inserted)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-(c)i", "Kleinschmidt1871:annaavaa", "Oqaatsit1997:annaavaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annaavaa" ], "id": "V_ci_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_la_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "to Vb continuously, in some form of (often erratic) motion indicated by the stem", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_la_Vb:effe04bba9bf", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb continuously, in some form of (often erratic) motion indicated by the stem", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-la", "Kleinschmidt1871:aqqalavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:aqqalavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqalavoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-la", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Non-productive; MOFO's own cited sources give genuinely divergent glosses (Kleinschmidt: subject in a volatile state, moving as the stem indicates; Schultz-Lorentzen: 'liable to Vb' / 'engaged in Vb-ing'), converging only loosely on continuous/erratic motion -- recorded as MOFO's own hedge, not resolved further here.", "MOFO's own general table lists V{lliq}V and V{-lauq}V as 'Variants' of this affix. V{-lauq}V is this repo's own sibling V_lauq_Vb (below), which MOFO indeed analyses as compositionally built on this affix. V{lliq}V is NOT this repo's well-attested, independently-sourced V_ler_Vb ('begin to Vb', verbal_modifiers.yaml) -- MOFO's own -liq page does not reciprocally list -la as a variant, so this asymmetric cross-reference is recorded here as an open MOFO-internal note, not an asserted equivalence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ continuously (in some kind of motion)", "da": "at gøre det uafbrudt (i en form for (ofte uregelmæssig) bevægelse)", "verb_phrase": "___ continuously (in some form of (often erratic) motion indicated by the stem)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} continuously (in some kind of motion)" }, "da_short": "at ___ uafbrudt (i en form for bevægelse)", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ uafbrudt (i en form for (ofte uregelmæssig) bevægelse)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nakkalavoq", "natural": "it falls down gradually, in particles (from nakkarpoq, 'it falls down'; CWSL58)" }, { "surface": "torlulavoq", "natural": "he is yelling, either 'repeatedly' or 'in all directions' (from torlorpoq, 'he yells (through something)'; CWSL58)" }, { "surface": "aqqalavoq", "natural": "he eats greedily -- Kleinschmidt glosses this as 'something is continuously moving', here the mouth (SK71)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-la", "Kleinschmidt1871:aqqalavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:aqqalavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqalavoq" ], "id": "V_la_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_lauq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "to Vb continuously, in motion, with uninterrupted repetition of the individual actions (compositionally V_la_Vb + a repetition/duration element, per MOFO)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_lauq_Vb:2c4fb7a0724f", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb continuously, in motion, with uninterrupted repetition of the individual actions (compositionally V_la_Vb + a repetition/duration element, per MOFO)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-lauq", "Rasmussen1893:illalaarpoq#e428", "Oqaatsit1997:illalaarpoq#e4066", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illalaarpoq#e3952" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-laar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Bracket V{-lauq}V; underlying_form reflects the regular au->aa orthographic merger (confirmed by the old-orthography citation '-laorpoĸ') plus the q->r weakening before the -poq ending, the same pattern already used throughout this repo's own q-stem entries (e.g. V_pajaaq_Vb, V_qattaaq_Vb).", "Per MOFO, this affix is compositionally V_la_Vb (above, 'continuous motion') + V{-uq}V ('repeated/prolonged activity', not separately modeled in this repo).", "MOFO explicitly warns this affix is orthographically indistinguishable, in the new orthography, from the unrelated, independently-sourced, highly productive V_laaq_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'to Vb a little') -- the two are historically and semantically unrelated, and per MOFO, V_laaq_Vb has effectively suppressed this affix's productive use. Entry ID kept bracket-based (V_lauq_Vb) specifically to avoid conflating the two.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-laarpoq#e9839 explicitly describes uninterrupted repetition of individual actions, distinct from the little/small sense in e9837. Petersen1951:e12825 and Petersen1967:e12847 retain historical -laorpoĸ with torlulaarpoq, illalaarpoq and naaralaarpoq; their historical -lârpoĸ rows are separate. These rows corroborate this lexical repetition family, not unrestricted productivity or a boundary selector." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ continuously (in motion; with uninterrupted repetition)", "da": "at gøre det uafbrudt (i bevægelse; med uafbrudt gentagelse)", "verb_phrase": "___ continuously (in motion; with uninterrupted repetition of the individual actions) (compositionally V_la_Vb + a repetition/duration element, per MOFO)", "en_short": "to ___ continuously (in motion)", "da_short": "at ___ uafbrudt (i bevægelse; med uafbrudt gentagelse)", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ uafbrudt (i bevægelse; med uafbrudt gentagelse)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "torlulaarpoq", "natural": "he is yelling loudly (from torlorpoq, 'he yells'; CWSL58)" }, { "surface": "illalaarpoq", "natural": "he roars with laughter, laughs heartily -- lexicalised, from illarpoq, 'he laughs'; the old-orthography spelling igdlalaororpoĸ confirms this is the present affix and not V_laaq_Vb, which would instead mean 'he laughs a little' (SK71)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-lauq", "Rasmussen1893:illalaarpoq#e428", "Oqaatsit1997:illalaarpoq#e4066", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illalaarpoq#e3952", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-laarpoq#e9839", "Petersen1951:-laarpoq#e12825", "Petersen1967:-laarpoq#e12847" ], "id": "V_lauq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_luaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "to Vb a little too much; almost (on size/quantity stems: 'a bit too Vb-ing')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-luar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Bracket V{-luaq}V; underlying_form shows the regular q->r weakening before -poq, matching this repo's other q-stem entries. Non-productive or only marginally productive per MOFO; the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary derives it from a reconstructed {tluk-} ('(too) much') with an unexplained initial /t/ loss, plus an unclear second element MOFO tentatively identifies with V{-aq}V ('a little').", "Genuinely distinct from this repo's existing V_lluaq_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, bracket V{(l)luaq}V, underlying_form '+(l)luar', 'to Vb well') despite the near-identical new-orthography surface (-luarpoq vs +(l)luarpoq) -- MOFO keeps these as separate dictionary pages with different bracket forms (truncative -luaq vs additive (l)luaq) and unrelated meanings; not conflated." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ a little too much; almost too ___", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} a little too much" }, "da": "at gøre det lidt for meget; næsten", "verb_phrase": "___ a little too much; almost (on size/quantity stems: 'a bit too ___-ing')", "da_short": "at ___ lidt for meget", "composition": { "da": "___ lidt for meget; næsten" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ lidt for meget; næsten" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takiluarpoq", "natural": "it is a bit too long (from takivoq, 'it is long'; SK71)" }, { "surface": "mikiluarpoq", "natural": "it is a bit too small, i.e. almost big enough (from mikivoq, 'it is small'; CWSL58)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-luaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-luarpoq#e9852" ], "id": "V_luaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_luuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "to Vb still, a bit (all attested examples are on monovalent stems, per MOFO's own hedge)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_luuq_Vb:00b5768e56ba", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb still, a bit (all attested examples are on monovalent stems, per MOFO's own hedge)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-luuq", "Kleinschmidt1871:pisuloorpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:pisuloorpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pisuloorpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-loor", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Bracket V{-luuq}V; underlying_form shows uu->oo before the weakened /r/, the same treatment already given this repo's sibling V_piluuq_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml) for its own -piloorpoq citation. Non-productive or only marginally productive per MOFO.", "Per MOFO, compositionally V{-luk}V ('too much', cf. this repo's V_lussinnaq_Vb etymology note) + V{-uq}V (hypothesised by MOFO to contribute 'still') -- but MOFO itself flags that the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's 'too much' etymology sits awkwardly with Schultz-Lorentzen's attested 'a bit' gloss; left unresolved, per MOFO's own hedge.", "Distinct from V_piluuq_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, Constituents V{-piluk}V + V{-uq}V, 'to Vb strongly/violently/hard') -- an etymological sibling sharing the final V{-uq}V element but built on a different first component (-piluk vs -luk); not the same affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ still (a bit)", "da": "at gøre det stadig (lidt)", "verb_phrase": "___ still (a bit) (all attested examples are on monovalent stems, per MOFO's own hedge)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} still (a bit)" }, "da_short": "at ___ stadig (lidt)", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ stadig (lidt)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pisuloorpoq", "natural": "he walks around a bit (from pisuppoq, 'he walks'; CWSL58)" }, { "surface": "neriloorpoq", "natural": "he eats a bit (from nerivoq, 'he eats'; CWSL58)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-luuq", "Kleinschmidt1871:pisuloorpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:pisuloorpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pisuloorpoq" ], "id": "V_luuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_micaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "to Vb continually, at intervals, for a bit (possibly with a notion of increasing intensity)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_micaaq_Vb:1d7f108bdaeb", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb continually, at intervals, for a bit (possibly with a notion of increasing intensity)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-micaaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-misaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Bracket V{-micaaq}V; underlying_form shows c->s and q->r weakening before -poq. Non-productive, per MOFO mentioned in older dictionaries but absent from Oqaatsit.", "Per MOFO, compositionally V{-mi}V ('incomplete action') + V{caaq}V ('spaced repetition of the verbal action').", "DISAMBIGUATION -- not the same MOFO page as V{-Vmicaaq}V (mofo-mirror slug -Vmicaaq.html), already this repo's own V_umicaaq_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'to Vb back and forth; up and down', citation -umisaarpoq/-imisaarpoq/-amisaarpoq): MOFO keeps the two as separate dictionary pages with different Constituents (V{-mi}V+V{caaq}V here vs V{-Vmi}V+V{caaq}V there) and this affix alone is tagged non-productive. Flagged given the close surface-citation and gloss overlap (both denote some kind of repeated back-and-forth action), but kept as MOFO's own distinct entry rather than merged." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ continually (at intervals; for a bit)", "da": "at gøre det jævnligt (med mellemrum; i et stykke tid)", "verb_phrase": "___ continually (at intervals; for a bit) (possibly with a notion of increasing intensity)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} continually (at intervals; for a bit)" }, "da_short": "at ___ jævnligt (med mellemrum; i et stykke tid)", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ jævnligt (med mellemrum; i et stykke tid)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qinimisaarpaa", "natural": "he looks for it a bit, e.g. while under way and without stopping (from qinerpaa, 'he looks/searches for him'; SK71)" }, { "surface": "assoruumisaaritsi", "natural": "come on, put some strength into it! -- literally 'use your strength a bit, not all of it, but some, and continually' (from assoroorpoq, 'he uses all his strength/might', + 2pl imperative; SK71)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-micaaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.3" ], "id": "V_micaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_pillak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "to Vb a little, perhaps briefly or lightly", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_pillak_Vb:73a0756b1a01", "items": [ { "text": "to Vb a little, perhaps briefly or lightly", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-pəllak", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-pillappoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-pillak", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Bracket V{-pəllak}V; underlying_form respells the schwa as 'i' per MOFO's own new-orthography citation '-pillappoq' (the k+p -> pp assimilation there is the same process already documented on this repo's own V_kkuk_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml).", "Non-productive; mentioned only in Ordbogeeraq (JP67) and Schultz-Lorentzen (CWSL58), who relates it to a separate affix V{llatciaq}V (not modeled in this repo). Etymology uncertain: the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary reconstructs {vlaɣ-}/{vəlaɣ-}, but MOFO notes it is not clear how the present form derives from this.", "Synthetic ID checked clear of collision with the existing, unrelated V_piluk_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'to Vb badly/hard') -- similar spelling, different morpheme." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ a little, perhaps briefly or lightly", "da": "at gøre det lidt (måske kort eller let)", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} a little (perhaps briefly or lightly)" }, "da_short": "at ___ lidt (måske kort eller let)", "composition": { "en": "___ a little, perhaps briefly or lightly" }, "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "___ a little, perhaps briefly or lightly", "da_verb_phrase": "___ lidt (måske kort eller let)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "attupillappaa", "natural": "he touched it lightly; he brushed against it (from attorpaa, 'he touches it'; CWSL58)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-pəllak", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-pillappoq" ], "id": "V_pillak_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_peraar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "to Vb a little; to be somewhat Vb (Vb-ish)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-peraar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Bracket V{-pəraaq}V; underlying_form respells the schwa as 'e' per MOFO's own new-orthography citation '-peraarpoq', plus the regular q->r weakening before -poq already used throughout this repo's other q-stem entries.", "Non-productive; listed only in Schultz-Lorentzen (CWSL58, 'rather, a bit') and Ordbogeeraq (JP67, which equates its meaning with this repo's own independently-sourced V_laaq_Vb, 'to Vb a little') -- MOFO's own cross-reference is recorded here, not asserted as an equivalence between the two affixes.", "STATUS (issue #349 follow-up, scripts/affix_shape_sweep.py): the entry's own naalliuperaarpugut example's root form, naalliuperaarpoq, is directly attested in Oqaatsit1997 ('er plaget af vanskeligheder; har det ikke så godt', is beset with problems; is not doing well), Oqaasersiorfik2008, and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts itself ('is beset with problems; is not doing well') -- a modern-dictionary hit that closes the lexeme-validation gap. Petersen 1951/1967 also carries its own dedicated '-peraarpoq' headword entry cross-referencing this same word." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ___ a little; to be somewhat ___", "en_short": { "default": "to {{verb}} a little" }, "da": "at gøre det lidt; at være noget sådan", "verb_phrase": "___ a little; be somewhat ___ (___-ish)", "da_short": "at ___ lidt", "composition": { "da": "___ lidt; er noget sådan" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ lidt; er noget sådan" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ajuperaarpoq", "natural": "it is a little bad; it is bad-ish (from ajorpoq, 'it is bad'; CWSL58)" }, { "surface": "naalliuperaarpugut", "natural": "we had to struggle a bit; we were suffering a bit -- Schultz-Lorentzen's translation, though Oqaatsit lexicalises the word specifically with this second sense (CWSL58/CBBJRPIKJR97)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-pəraaq", "Oqaatsit1997:naalliuperaarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naalliuperaarpoq" ], "id": "V_peraar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_caaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb's repeatedly, at intervals of approximately equal length (tentative; meaning depends heavily on the base stem)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_caaq_Vb:5e75dc10d1cb", "items": [ { "text": "Subject Vb's repeatedly, at intervals of approximately equal length (tentative; meaning depends heavily on the base stem)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/caaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:saqisaarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:saqisaarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saqisaarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+saar", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {caaq}, per Kleinschmidt [SK71] the bare, tagged-non-productive root underlying a large family of already-existing V_*caaq_Vb-final combinations in this repo (e.g. V_luucaaq_Vb, V_rucaaq_Vb, V_ucaaq_Vb, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, and verbal_extenders.yaml's V_tuusaar_Vb) -- MOFO records the ATOMIC root itself as its own dictionary entry, distinct from any of those larger, already-modeled compound entries, none of which document the bare root on its own.", "MOFO explicitly tags this non-productive: it 'does not appear to be used productively, but it appears in lexicalised words and other affixes, especially V{-Vmicaaq}V' (this repo's own V_umicaaq_Vb)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s repeatedly (at roughly equal intervals)", "da": "nogen gør det gentagne gange (med nogenlunde jævne mellemrum)", "verb_phrase": "___-s repeatedly (at intervals of approximately equal length) (tentative; meaning depends heavily on the base stem)", "en_short": "{{Subject}} ___-s repeatedly (at intervals)", "da_short": "nogen ___ gentagne gange (med nogenlunde jævne mellemrum)", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ gentagne gange (med nogenlunde jævne mellemrum)" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "saqisaarpoq", "natural": "he walks back and forth (from saqivoq, 'he walks around'; MOFO's own example, [CWSL58])" }, { "surface": "saarlisaarpoq", "natural": "he is ice-skating (from saarlivoq, 'it glides'; MOFO's own example, [CWSL58])" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/caaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:saqisaarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:saqisaarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saqisaarpoq" ], "id": "V_caaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_galuassa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "now, Subject shall Vb (let's see what comes of it) -- Kleinschmidt's own tentative translation; the worked examples only loosely match this gloss", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_galuassa_Vb:b76141a3cec0", "items": [ { "text": "now, Subject shall Vb (let's see what comes of it) -- Kleinschmidt's own tentative translation; the worked examples only loosely match this gloss", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/galuassa", "Kleinschmidt1871:.nngilaq#e9718" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+galuassa", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis: a straightforward combination of V_galuaq_Vb (this repo's own 'would (otherwise) have Vb'ed, but...' entry, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml) + V_ssa_Vb (this repo's own future/prospective entry, same file) -- but MOFO itself flags the ORDERING as unusual: the expected order would be ssa+galuaq ('shall Vb, but...'), not galuaq+ssa, so MOFO records this as its own separate lexicalized combination rather than a live, freely-generable one.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration found for this specific compound (a targeted search for 'galuassa'/old-orthography 'aluásaoĸ' across both transcribed extracts returned nothing); this entry rests on MOFO alone, which itself cites Fortescue1983 [MF83] and Kleinschmidt 1871 [SK71].", "STATUS (issue #349 follow-up): the mirrored Kleinschmidt1871 .nngilaq row directly gives .Kaluassavoq, 'nu skal _ (hvad det så bliver til)', and repeats this entry's own atuaraluassagitit and pissikkaluassaqaanga examples (Kleinschmidt1871:.nngilaq#e9718). This is a direct source confirmation of the lexicalized galuaq+ssa combination, so the row is verified-via-MOFO-source. The additional takugaluassavara and misilikkaluassavara forms found in Bugge1960/Ordbogen2003 remain informative only because those works are not established citation sources yet." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "now, {{Subject}} shall ___ (let's see what comes of it)", "en_short": { "default": "now, {{Actor}} shall {{verb}}", "third_singular": "now, {{Actor}} shall {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da": "nu skal nogen gøre det (lad os se hvad der sker)", "da_short": "nu skal nogen ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atuaraluassagitit", "natural": "try to read them anyway, then we'll see how it goes (from atuaraa, 'he reads it'; MOFO's own example, [SK71] -- MOFO itself notes the participial mood used here is unexplained, imperative would be the expected choice)" }, { "surface": "pissikkaluassaqaanga", "natural": "now I'll jump, then we'll see how it goes (from pissippoq, 'he jumps'; MOFO's own example, [SK71])" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/galuassa", "Kleinschmidt1871:.nngilaq#e9718" ], "id": "V_galuassa_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_mmaqluk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S is bad at Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-mmarluk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{mmaqluk}V, a lexicalised fusion of V{-(u)ma}V ('in a state of Vb'ing') and the geminating affix V{'-qluk}V ('is bad at Vb'ing'), with the geminating property doubling the preceding /m/ to /mm/. MOFO tags this affix non-productive and hedges that it 'may even be that this form is only used with stems that are already derived with V{ma}V' -- recorded as MOFO's own uncertainty, not resolved here.", "mm-initial surface form modeled as left_sandhi:truncative per the same double-consonant-onset phonotactic-truncativity reasoning this repo applies elsewhere for mm/ll/qq-initial affixes (AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4), though no worked example on a consonant-final host was found to directly confirm it -- MOFO's own left-sandhi field for this entry just says 'Default' (inferred from form).", "q->r weakening in underlying_form (bracket 'qluk' -> citation '-mmarluppoq') follows this repo's established respelling convention for this q-stem family." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is bad at ___-ing", "da": "nogen er dårlig til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be bad at ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is bad at {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} is bad at {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er dårlig til at ___", "composition": { "en": "be bad at ___-ing", "da": "er dårlig til at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er dårlig til at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Sole cited example, from MOFO's own single worked form (CWSL58).", "examples": [ { "surface": "ikummarluppoq", "natural": "it is burning badly (from ikumavoq, 'it is burning')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/mmaqluk", "Rasmussen1893:ikummarluppoq#e478", "Oqaatsit1997:ikummarluppoq#e3764", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikummarluppoq#e3630" ], "id": "V_mmaqluk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_mmarik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S is good/skilled at Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-mmarik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{mmarik}V, a lexicalised fusion of V{-(u)ma}V ('in a state of Vb'ing') and the geminating affix V{'-rik}V ('is good at Vb'ing'), the antonym-forming sibling of V_mmaqluk_Vb (see that entry). MOFO tags this affix non-productive and hedges (citing Kleinschmidt 1871) that the added V{ma}V may intensify to 'very/exceptionally good', and that the combination may only be usable on stems already derived with V{ma}V.", "mm-initial surface form: same inferred-not-attested left_sandhi:truncative reasoning as V_mmaqluk_Vb above (double-consonant-onset phonotactic truncativity, AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4); MOFO's own left-sandhi field again just says 'Default'.", "underlying_form matches the bracket directly ('mmarik'); no q->r respelling is needed here, unlike V_mmaqluk_Vb's '-qluk' -> '-rluk' (this affix's own bracket already has 'r', no intervening 'q').", "One of MOFO's own three examples (oqaluummarippoq, 'he is well-spoken') is flagged by MOFO itself as possibly irregularly formed or a spelling mistake in the source (Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) -- not used as this entry's own pedagogy example for that reason." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is good at ___-ing; {{Subject}} is skilled at ___-ing", "da": "nogen er god til at gøre det; nogen er dygtig til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be good at ___-ing; be skilled at ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is good at {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} is skilled at {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} is good at {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} is skilled at {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er god til at ___; nogen er dygtig til at ___", "composition": { "en": "be good at ___-ing; be skilled at ___-ing", "da": "er god til at ___; er dygtig til at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er god til at ___; er dygtig til at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikummarippoq", "natural": "it is burning well (from ikumavoq, 'it is burning'; the direct antonym pair to V_mmaqluk_Vb's own ikummarluppoq example)" }, { "surface": "inuummarippoq", "natural": "he is doing very well (from inuuvoq, 'he is alive'; literally 'he is really well in his current state of being')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/mmarik", "Rasmussen1893:ikummarippoq#e477", "Oqaatsit1997:ikummarippoq#e3762", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikummarippoq#e3628" ], "id": "V_mmarik_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_naaraq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "it is usually Vb'able" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+naarə", "notes": [ "MOFO records bracket V{naarə}V and the citation forms +naaraaq and -nâraoĸ. It relates this to V{naq}V plus an -arə form of V{ðarə}V, but leaves the historical formation tentative. The underlying form preserves that explicit schwa-final stem; +naaraaq is an inflected citation, retained as a search form. MOFO says the dictionaries do not describe this combination's inflection; similarity to V_llaari_Vb is only presumed, not an approved inflection rule.", "This is separate from V_nallaaraq_Vb (V{nallaarə}V), which has an additional V{llaq}V component. MOFO treats the pages as related variants, and Kleinschmidt's entry says the simple form exists but the nallaaraq form is more commonly used.", "Kleinschmidt gives the headword but no clear standalone host example for the simple form; its practical productivity and distribution remain uncertain." ], "search_forms": [ "+naaraaq" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it is usually ___'able", "verb_phrase": "usually be ___'able", "en_short": "usually be ___'able", "composition": { "en": "usually be ___'able" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem", "valency_effect": "subject_decreasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Kleinschmidt's entry describes the free form but says the nallaaraq form is more often used; no standalone worked example for this form was identified." }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/naarə", "Kleinschmidt1871:.naaraaq#e9885", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Karaaq#e9723" ], "id": "V_naaraq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nallaaraq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "is usually Vb'able" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nallaarə", "search_forms": [ "+nallaaraaq" ], "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "irregular", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{nallaarə}V, a non-standard combination of V{naq}V ('it is such as to Vb', this repo's own V_naq_Vb) and V{llaarə}V ('habitually/recurrently, with emphasis'), itself built from V{llaq}V ('emphasis') and the irregular affix V{ðarə}V ('recurrent/habitual action'). These components are represented by V_llaari_Vb and V_tare_Vb; their presence does not verify this compound's inflection. MOFO's separate V{naarə}V page (without the V{llaq}V component) is represented by V_naaraq_Vb; the source describes the two formations as related variants, not identical underlying forms.", "underlying_form preserves MOFO's explicit schwa-final bracket nallaarə and the additive sign of its new-orthography citation +nallaaraaq. The previous -nallaaraq was neither that stem nor the complete citation. Keep the latter as a search form; this correction does not establish a general join selector.", "The retained right_sandhi/inflection_sandhi:irregular flags preserve the unresolved behavior. MOFO's prose says inheritance from V{llaarə}V is only presumed. Do not replace these flags with ordinary schwa contraction merely because the components have entries or a consumer string matches.", "Kleinschmidt's .naaraaq row explicitly includes .nallaaraaq and the examples ajornallaaraaq and uuminallaaraaq; it is not a separately headed .nallaaraaq entry. Petersen independently prints ajornallaaraaq, qiianallaaraaq, oqalunnallaaraaq and kusanallaaraaq. The unclear root of uuminallaaraaq and complete modern inflection remain deferred.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific compound." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is usually ___'able", "da": "kan man som regel gøre det ved", "en_short": { "default": "is usually {{verb}}'able" }, "da_short": "kan man som regel ___ ved", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ajornallaaraaq", "natural": "it is usually not doable (from ajorpoq, 'it does not work')" }, { "surface": "uuminallaaraaq", "natural": "it is such as to get angry about (root unclear; compare uuminarpoq, 'one is angry/annoyed about it', which also contains V_naq_Vb)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/nallaarə", "Kleinschmidt1871:.naaraaq#e9885", "Petersen1951:-nallaaraaq#e12970", "Petersen1967:-nallaaraaq#e12976" ], "id": "V_nallaaraq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_naveersaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Agent strives to prevent Patient from Vb'ing" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+naveersar", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{naviiqsaq}V, a straightforward combination of V{naviiq}V ('can no longer Vb', this repo's own V_naveer_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml) and V{saq}V (an agentive/causative-adjacent final segment this repo does not yet have its own entry for). ID/underlying_form follow the same 'naveer-' surface-vowel spelling already established for this affix family by V_naveer_Vb/V_naveersaar_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml), rather than the bracket's own 'naviiq' spelling.", "MOFO notes Kleinschmidt (1871) sometimes uses this affix interchangeably with V{t(s)aili}V (this repo's own V_tsailiuq_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml), but that the present affix additionally implies the Agent is actively taking preventive measures, where V{t(s)aili}V just means 'prevent' -- kept as a distinct entry, not merged.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found; MOFO cites only Kleinschmidt (1871) and Schultz-Lorentzen (1958) for this affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} strives to prevent {{Agent}} from ___-ing", "da": "nogen bestræber sig på at forhindre nogen i at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "strive to prevent {{Agent}} from ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} strives to prevent {{Actor}} else from {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} strives to prevent {{Actor}} else from {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen bestræber sig på at forhindre nogen i at ___", "composition": { "en": "strive to prevent {{Patient}} from ___-ing", "da": "bestræber sig på at forhindre nogen i at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bestræber sig på at forhindre nogen i at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aninaveersarpaa", "natural": "he prevents him from getting out (from anivoq, 'he goes out'; e.g. by blocking all exits)" }, { "surface": "nakkarnaveersarpaa", "natural": "he prevents it from falling down (from nakkarpoq, 'it falls down'; e.g. by tying it with a rope)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/naviiqsaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.naveersarpaa" ], "id": "V_naveersaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_naveersit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Agent does not let there be a danger that Patient may Vb; Agent does not let Patient Vb (e.g. by taking preventive measures)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+naveersip", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{naviiqsət}V, a combination of V{naviiq}V (this repo's own V_naveer_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml) and V{tət}V (this repo's own V_tit_Vb causative, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) -- the bracket's own 'sət' (rather than 'tət') already shows the assibilation triggered by the preceding /i/, directly grounding right_sandhi:assibilation.", "ID/underlying_form follow the same 'naveer-' surface-vowel spelling established for this affix family by V_naveer_Vb/V_naveersaar_Vb/V_naveersaq_Vb, with the bracket's final schwa respelled 'i' per this repo's own established precedent for this exact affix family.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found; MOFO cites only Kleinschmidt (1871) and Schultz-Lorentzen (1958) for this affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} does not let {{Agent}} ___ (takes preventive measures)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} does not let {{Patient}} {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} does not let {{Patient}} {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da": "nogen sørger for at der ikke er fare for at nogen gør det", "verb_phrase": "do not let there be a danger that {{Agent}} may ___; do not let {{Patient}} ___ (e.g. by taking preventive measures)", "da_short": "nogen sørger for at der ikke er fare for at nogen ___", "composition": { "en": "do not let there be a danger that {{Patient}} may ___; do not let {{Patient}} ___", "da": "sørger for at der ikke er fare for at nogen ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "sørger for at der ikke er fare for at nogen ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "orlunaveersippaa", "natural": "he does not let him fall (e.g. by guarding/watching over him; from orluvoq, 'he falls')" }, { "surface": "nakkarnaveersippaa", "natural": "he ensures that he does not fall down (from nakkarpoq, 'he falls down')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/naviiqsət", "Kleinschmidt1871:.naveersippaa" ], "id": "V_naveersit_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ssanganaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "there will presumably be Vb'ing (avalent, MOFO's own judged-more-likely reading); Actor will presumably Vb (monovalent, per Schultz-Lorentzen's own citation)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ssanganaq_Vb:65046f5754cf", "items": [ { "text": "there will presumably be Vb'ing (avalent, MOFO's own judged-more-likely reading); Actor will presumably Vb (monovalent, per Schultz-Lorentzen's own citation)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/ssaŋanaq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssanganaq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ssaŋanaq}, a combination of this repo's own V_ssanga_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml, 'S expects to Vb') and V_naq_Vb (this same file, above, the impersonal affix V{naq}V) -- MOFO records it as its own lexicalised dictionary entry with its own citation forms, not a live derivation.", "MOFO records two readings depending on source: Schultz-Lorentzen's own citations read as monovalent ('Actor will presumably Vb'), while Oqaatsit's own worked examples read as avalent ('there will presumably be Vb'ing'). MOFO's own text judges the avalent reading more likely, given the naq-component's own avalent-producing behaviour (cf. this file's own V_naq_Vb); only the avalent sense is modeled in lexical_facts.meaning's primary clause.", "Citation -ssanganarpoq shows q->r weakening before the -poq ending, the same pattern already established on this file's own V_naq_Vb/V_neqaq_Vb (which likewise keep the final /q/, not the weakened /r/, in underlying_form)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "there will presumably be ___-ing; {{Actor}} will presumably ___", "da": "der vil formodentlig blive gjort det", "en_short": { "default": "there will presumably be {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "there will presumably be {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "der vil formodentlig blive gjort det", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "subject_decreasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this compound after a real search: Bjornum2012's own vocabulary table has one incidental entry, 'pissanganarpoq, er spændende' ('is exciting') -- plausibly the same affix on the dummy base {pi}V used idiomatically, but Bjornum2012 gives no grammatical description connecting the two, so this is recorded as a plausible but unconfirmed lead, not cited as independent corroboration of the affix's own existence/meaning.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tikissanganarpoq", "natural": "he will presumably arrive (from tikippoq, 'he has arrived')" }, { "surface": "appassanganarpoq", "natural": "there will surely be shot some murre, a type of bird (from appappoq, 'he shoots/catches murre')" }, { "surface": "tapassanganarpoq", "natural": "there will presumably be dancing (from taparpoq, 'he dances')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ssaŋanaq" ], "id": "V_ssanganaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ssangatinngeruttuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "it was not at all expected that Patient=Actor would Vb (impersonal, the Agent role left unspecified); used only in the contemporative mood with transitive endings such as V{(l)lugu}", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_ssangatinngeruttuq_Vb:e1c0dcb93d7b", "items": [ { "text": "it was not at all expected that Patient=Actor would Vb (impersonal, the Agent role left unspecified); used only in the contemporative mood with transitive endings such as V{(l)lugu}", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/ssaŋatəŋŋiruttuq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssangatinngeruttor", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ssaŋatəŋŋiruttuq}, a lexicalised combination of this file's sibling V_ssangatit_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml, 'A expects/thinks P will Vb'), the negation V{ŋŋit}V (kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml's own V_ngngit_Vb), and V_ruttuq_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'is at the height of Vb'ing'). MOFO records it as its own single lexicalised dictionary entry sourced only from Oqaatsit, not a live, freely-composable stack of those three morphemes.", "underlying_form strips the attested citation's own -lugu positive-contemporative ending, the only inflected form MOFO records (per MOFO's own text: 'the affix appears to only be used in the contemporative mood with transitive endings, i.e. V{(l)lugu} etc.', so no bare -voq/-poq citation exists to derive from instead).", "The exact /t/-loss between the ssaŋatət and ŋŋit constituents (compare V{ssaŋatət}V's own final /t/ with the surface -tinnger-, not -titnnger-) is not independently re-derived here; recorded as an open, unresolved segmental detail rather than silently smoothed over.", "Valency/diathesis is genuinely too compound and multi-layered to responsibly reduce to a single morphology_class.valency_effect value (this affix's own four-step derivation mixes preserving, monovalent, and agent-increasing behaviour at different stages); deliberately left unmodeled rather than forced." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it was not at all expected that {{Patient}} would ___", "en_short": { "default": "it was not expected that {{Actor}} else would {{verb}}" }, "da": "det var slet ikke forventet at nogen ville gøre det", "da_short": "det var slet ikke forventet at nogen ville ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes source was found for this specific compound after a real search; MOFO's own sole source is Oqaatsit [CBBJRPIKJR97].", "examples": [ { "surface": "eqqussangatinngeruttorlugu", "natural": "it was not at all expected that (someone) would hit it (from eqqorpaa, 'he hits it')" }, { "surface": "oqassangatinngeruttorlugu", "natural": "it was not at all expected that he would say something (from oqarpoq, 'he says something')" }, { "surface": "tikissangatinngeruttorlugu", "natural": "who would have thought that he would arrive/come home (from tikippoq, 'he has arrived; come home')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ssaŋatəŋŋiruttuq" ], "id": "V_ssangatinngeruttuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_tarinngit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject does not usually/habitually Vb (negation of the habitual affix)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tarinngit", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "irregular", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ðarə} + {ŋŋit}: the habitual affix + the general negation V{ŋŋit}V (already represented by V_ngngit_Vb in sentential_affixes.yaml, independently documented in AITWG-Affixes:p.47; correcting this stale claim does not resolve the habitual allomorph analysis below). This repo's existing, independently-sourced V_tar_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, '-tar', Fortescue1984:323, 'to V repeatedly, habitually') is plausibly the SAME underlying morpheme as MOFO's {ðarə} here, cited via a simpler Fortescue1984 allomorphy account rather than MOFO's fuller, more irregular suppletive one (involving {ɣai-}/{aʀ-}) -- flagged in prose per this repo's established practice (cf. sentential_affixes.yaml's own analogous V{ðaq}V/V_tar_Vb discussion), not merged.", "MOFO records this combination's own left-sandhi as flatly 'Irregular' (not a productivity hedge on an otherwise-default pattern): due to suppletion from morphemes {ɣai-} and {aʀ-}, some forms are barely recognisable as deriving from V{ðarə}V. Only the plain, directly-attested additive citation form (+tarinngilaq) is modeled as underlying_form; MOFO's further suppletive variants (-raraanngilaq, -raanngilaq) are not modeled as regular allomorphs.", "ATTESTED (issue #349 follow-up): Kleinschmidt1871's own '.Karaaq' entry names this exact negated form as its own cited construction, in its closing sentence: the habitual is used with the affix '.nngilaq' 'i dobbelt form' -- in a double form -- '.Karaanngilaq' and '.Tarinngilaq', worked out on 'oqarpoq' as 'oqaraanngilaq / oqartarinngilaq, plejer ikke at sige noget' ('does not usually say anything'). That is this entry's own headword form, its own worked example, and its own gloss, in one of MOFO's own two cited sources. Earlier searches (issue #226 batch 8) reached the same '.Karaaq' entry but quoted only its opening sense line and stopped before this sentence.", "Per that same Kleinschmidt1871 sentence, '.Karaanngilaq' (-raanngilaq) is a co-equal member of a doublet with this form, not the archaic outlier MOFO's own page frames it as -- Kleinschmidt presents both as ordinary. Still not modeled as an allomorph here (the two are suppletive alternants of a preceding morpheme, not stem-type-keyed allomorphs of this one), but the 'archaic' characterization is withdrawn. The same doublet shape recurs independently at Petersen1951/1967's own '-taringat' headword ('takkuttaringat = -taraangat'), confirming '-tari-' as a real combining stem of the habitual before a following affix rather than a one-off of the negation.", "Kleinschmidt1871's own '.Tarpoq' entry independently explains WHY a dedicated combined entry exists rather than free composition of habitual + negation: '.Tarpoq' 'i forbindelse med .nngilaq forekommer ... ikke let, hverken foran eller efter det' (does not readily combine with '.nngilaq', before or after), and '.Karaaq' 'træder i stedet for dette' (steps in instead). So this form is the suppletive negative of the '.Karaaq'/'.Taraaq' habitual, not a compositional negation of V_tar_Vb -- which is a positive argument for keeping it as its own lexicalized entry.", "Two probable later attestations, recorded but NOT relied on for this entry's status: Oqaasersiorfik2008 gives 'makittarinngilaq' (under 'uingavoq'; host makippoq, itself Kleinschmidt1871's own '.Tarpoq' example 'makittarpoq'), a clean parse; Oqaatsit1997/Ordbogen2003/Oqaasersiorfik2008 give 'attarinngilai' ('slider sit tøj hurtigt', glossed in 2008 as 'atatinngilai'), whose morpheme parse is NOT confirmed here and so is not cited in provenance." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} does not usually ___; {{Subject}} does not habitually ___", "da": "nogen plejer ikke at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "do not usually ___; do not habitually ___ (negation of the habitual affix)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} does not usually {{verb}}; {{Actor}} does not habitually {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} does not usually {{verb:3sg}}; {{Actor}} does not habitually {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen plejer ikke at ___", "composition": { "da": "plejer ikke at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "plejer ikke at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving", "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oqartarinngilaq", "natural": "he does not usually say anything (from oqarpoq, 'he says something'; directly attested in Kleinschmidt1871's own '.Karaaq' entry, with this same gloss -- 'plejer ikke at sige noget')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ðarəŋŋit", "Kleinschmidt1871:.Karaaq", "AITWG-Affixes:p.47" ], "id": "V_tarinngit_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_tuatsianngor_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject finally begins to Vb (possibly with an added sense of 'powerfully'/'hard'/'a lot'); or, Subject (begins to) Vb a lot (possibly with an added sense of 'finally') -- MOFO's own page reports these two senses without a clean split", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_tuatsianngor_Vb:24fac23c30a9", "items": [ { "text": "Subject finally begins to Vb (possibly with an added sense of 'powerfully'/'hard'/'a lot'); or, Subject (begins to) Vb a lot (possibly with an added sense of 'finally') -- MOFO's own page reports these two senses without a clean split", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/ðuatciaŋŋuq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tuatsianngor", "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is a combination of V{ðuq}N (intransitive participle) + N{-atciaq}N + N{ŋŋuq}V ('S becomes N'). Per MOFO's own note, because of the V{ðuq}N nominalisation this affix is likely only usable with avalent/monovalent stems.", "A second citation allomorph, '-suatsianngor', is directly attested by this entry's own arpattuatsianngorpoq/ulapittuatsianngorpoq examples (both consonant-final hosts) -- not modeled as an allomorphs field value, since the schema's allomorphs keys must be a specific stem_type enum value and this repo does not have enough attested data to responsibly narrow which consonant-final stem_type(s) this covers; recorded here in prose instead, matching this file's own established practice for the same situation (see V_tariaarut_Vb's own note above).", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes corroboration found despite MOFO's own page listing FAJN19 (Nielsen 2019) among its sources -- that specific citation could not be located in this repo's own transcribed Nielsen2012 extracts (possibly a different edition/printing), so it is not cited here per this repo's never-invent-a-citation rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} finally begins to ___ (powerfully); or, ___'s a lot at last", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} finally begins to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} finally begins to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da": "nogen begynder endelig at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "finally begins to ___ (possibly with an added sense of 'powerfully'/'hard'/'a lot'); or, {{Subject}} (begins to) ___ a lot (possibly with an added sense of 'finally') -- MOFO's own page reports these two senses without a clean split", "da_short": "nogen begynder endelig at ___", "composition": { "da": "begynder endelig at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "begynder endelig at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arpattuatsianngorpoq", "natural": "he finally began to run (fast) (from arpappoq, 'he runs')" }, { "surface": "ulapittuatsianngorpoq", "natural": "he has become terribly busy (from ulapippoq, 'he is busy')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ðuatciaŋŋuq" ], "id": "V_tuatsianngor_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_toqarsinnaa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "one can Vb; it is possible to Vb (impersonal/avalent)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+toqarsinnaa", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "+soqarsinnaa" }, "left_sandhi": "default", "notes": [ "Compositional: this repo's own new V_toqaq_Vb ('there is Vb'ing', verbal_modifiers.yaml) + the already-existing, independently-sourced V_sinnaa_Vb ('can Vb', verbal_modifiers.yaml). MOFO records this combination as its own dedicated lexicalised dictionary page with its own citation forms, not merely a live derivation -- the same treatment already given to this file's existing V_niutigi_Vb/V_neqaq_Vb (also transparent two-piece MOFO compounds with their own dedicated pages).", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes corroboration found for this specific combined headword after a real search, despite both of its own component pieces (V_toqaq_Vb, V_sinnaa_Vb) being independently well-attested separately. An alternative treatment -- folding this as a documented compound into V_toqaq_Vb's own notes rather than a separate entry, the way verbal_extenders.yaml's V_qqusaa_Vb folds its own negated compound -- was considered but not adopted, since MOFO gives this its own full dedicated page; flagged here for owner consideration." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one can ___; it is possible to ___", "en_short": { "default": "one can {{verb}}", "third_singular": "one can {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da": "man kan gøre det; det er muligt at gøre det", "da_short": "man kan ___", "composition": { "da": "kan ___; det er muligt at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "kan ___; det er muligt at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oqartoqarsinnaavoq", "natural": "one can say (something) (from oqarpoq, 'he says (something)')" }, { "surface": "iliuuseqartoqarsinnaavoq", "natural": "one can do (something) (from iliuuseqarpoq, 'he does (something)')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ðuqaqsinnau" ], "id": "V_toqarsinnaa_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_aq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S Vb's a little (esp. with state-of-being stems); an older strand of sources instead glosses it as denoting repeated/prolonged activity" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-aq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket is bare {aq}, no schwa to respell. MOFO records two meaning strands for this non-productive affix and is honest it cannot confirm whether they reflect one historical morpheme or two: the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary relates it to a reconstructed {aʀ-} 'repeated/prolonged activity', while Kleinschmidt/Nielsen instead gloss it 'Vb a little' on state-of-being stems -- both recorded in lexical_facts.meaning, per MOFO's own choice to treat this as one polysemous entry.", "MOFO also lists See also: V{-raq}V, V{-gaq}V -- related but distinct affixes, not modeled here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s a little", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s a little", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s a little" }, "da": "nogen gør det lidt", "verb_phrase": "___-s a little (esp. with state-of-being stems); an older strand of sources instead glosses it as denoting repeated activity; an older strand of sources instead glosses it as denoting prolonged activity", "da_short": "nogen ___ lidt", "composition": { "da": "___ lidt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ lidt" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qaquarpoq", "natural": "it is white-ish (MOFO's own example, ultimately from Oqaatsit [CBBJRPIKJR97]; from qaqorpoq, 'it is white')" }, { "surface": "qalaarpoq", "natural": "is boiling (a bit) (MOFO's own example, ultimately from Oqaatsit [CBBJRPIKJR97]; from qalappoq, 'it boils')" }, { "surface": "isuarpoq", "natural": "it (a liquid) is a little murky (MOFO's own example, ultimately from Kleinschmidt [SK71]; from isorpoq, 'it is murky')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-aq", "Rasmussen1893:qalaarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qalaarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qalaarpoq" ], "id": "V_aq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_iq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S removes/negates the Vb'ing(ness) named by the stem; a non-productive affix found in lexicalised words" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-iq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "notes": [ "Encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct / api.oq.gl#122) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO explicitly cross-references this as the verbal-stem variant of this repo's existing N_iq_Vb entry (denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) -- same root, different attachment site (N-stem vs. V-stem/affix), not the same morpheme; N_iq_Vb is correctly NOT the collision target." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} removes the ___-ing named by the stem; {{Subject}} negates the ___-ing named by the stem", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} removes the {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} negates the {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} removes the {{verb:gerund}}; {{Actor}} negates the {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "nogen fjerner det at gøre det; nogen ophæver det at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "remove the ___-ing; negate the ___-ing", "composition": { "en": "remove the ___-ing; negate the ___-ing", "da": "fjerner det at ___; ophæver det at ___" }, "da_short": "nogen fjerner det at ___; nogen ophæver det at ___", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "fjerner det at ___; ophæver det at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nalunaarpoq", "natural": "he announces (MOFO's own lexicalised example, ultimately from Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58]; from nalunarpoq, 'it is unknown', literally 'removes the unknowing-ness')" }, { "surface": "isumakkeerpaa", "natural": "he puts it out of his mind; forgives him (MOFO's own example, ultimately from Oqaatsit [CBBJRPIKJR97]; from isumakkerpoq, 'bears a grudge')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-iq", "Kleinschmidt1871:isumakkeerpaa", "Oqaatsit1997:isumakkeerpaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isumakkeerpaa" ], "id": "V_iq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kanniq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S almost Vb's" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kanniq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own text: verbal variant of this repo's existing N_kanniq_N entry (nominal_modifiers.yaml, 'almost, more or less an N'), and synonymous with the more-productive V{-ŋajak}V -- neither is an existing V->V corpus entry, so this is a genuine new entry, not a collision." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} almost ___'s", "da": "nogen gør det næsten", "verb_phrase": "almost ___-s", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} almost {{verb}}'s", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} almost {{verb:3sg}}'s" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ næsten", "composition": { "en": "almost ___-s", "da": "___ næsten" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ næsten" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naammakannerput", "natural": "they are almost enough (MOFO's own example, ultimately from Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58]; from naammappoq, 'it is enough')" }, { "surface": "angikannerpoq", "natural": "it is almost big (MOFO's own example, ultimately from Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58]; from angivoq, 'it is big')" }, { "surface": "matukannerpoq", "natural": "it is almost closed (MOFO's own example, ultimately from Nielsen [FAJN19]; from matuvoq, 'it is closed')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-kanniq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1" ], "id": "V_kanniq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_luk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S Vb's a little; non-productive, found in a handful of lexicalised words", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_luk_Vb:26218aabff5b", "items": [ { "text": "S Vb's a little; non-productive, found in a handful of lexicalised words", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-luk", "Ordbogi1977:neriluppoq", "Oqaatsit1997:neriluppoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:neriluppoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-luk", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO gives no bracket-form etymology beyond citing the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's {ʀuluk} entry, glossed 'a little'. Coincidentally same-spelled but unrelated (no MOFO cross-reference given, different gloss) to this repo's existing N_luk_N/N_luk_have_Vb ('+luk', 'a bad N'/'S has bad N') -- those are NOT the collision target." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s a little", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s a little", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s a little" }, "da": "nogen gør det lidt", "verb_phrase": "___-s a little; non-productive, found in a handful of lexicalised words", "da_short": "nogen ___ lidt", "composition": { "da": "___ lidt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ lidt" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "neriluppoq", "natural": "he is munching/snacking on something (MOFO's own lexicalised example, ultimately from Oqaatsit [CBBJRPIKJR97]; from nerivoq, 'he eats', literally 'eats a little')" }, { "surface": "kikkaluppoq", "natural": "he is gnawing on a bone (MOFO's own example, ultimately from Oqaatsit [CBBJRPIKJR97]; from kikkarpaa, 'he gnaws it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-luk", "Ordbogi1977:neriluppoq", "Oqaatsit1997:neriluppoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:neriluppoq" ], "id": "V_luk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_lik_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S Vb's uninterruptedly (continuous action, without a break)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_lik_Vb:e0b73546f136", "items": [ { "text": "S Vb's uninterruptedly (continuous action, without a break)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/-lək", "Kleinschmidt1871:mamilippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:mamilippoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mamilippoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lik", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket is V{-lək}V; underlying_form respells the schwa as 'i', directly confirmed by MOFO's own new-orthography citation '-lippoq' (k+p -> pp total assimilation, the same pattern already established elsewhere in this repo, e.g. V_kujuk_Vb).", "Coincidentally same-spelled but unrelated (no MOFO cross-reference given, unrelated gloss) to this repo's existing N_lik_N ('-lik', 'one provided with N') -- NOT the collision target.", "MOFO records this affix as valency-preserving but notes it 'seems to only be used with monovalent stems' -- not modeled as a schema field, recorded in prose only." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s uninterruptedly, without a break", "da": "nogen gør det uafbrudt", "verb_phrase": "___-s uninterruptedly (continuous action, without a break)", "en_short": "{{Subject}} ___-s uninterruptedly", "da_short": "nogen ___ uafbrudt", "composition": { "da": "___ uafbrudt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ uafbrudt" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "mamilippoq", "natural": "it closes wholly (MOFO's own example, ultimately from Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58]; from mamippoq, 'it heals')" }, { "surface": "issulippoq", "natural": "it flutters/shakes/vibrates continuously (MOFO's own example, ultimately from Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58]; from issuppoq, 'it flutters')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-lək", "Kleinschmidt1871:mamilippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:mamilippoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mamilippoq" ], "id": "V_lik_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_mi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S Vb's incompletely; the action is broken off before completion (MOFO's own tentative gloss -- exact translation depends on the base stem)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-mi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Distinct from this repo's existing V_mmi_Vb (sentential_affixes.yaml, geminate '+(m)mi', narrative 'and then he Vb'ed') -- a coincidental near-homograph on the bare string, not the same morpheme (different gemination, different gloss); V_mmi_Vb is NOT the collision target.", "MOFO cites this affix only from the two oldest dictionaries (SK71, CWSL58), absent from Ordbogeeraq [JP67]/Oqaatsit [CBBJRPIKJR97]. Nielsen2012's own historical-affixes appendix (docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/7.3-historiske-tilhaeng.md, s.v. '÷mi-') cross-references a bare 'mi-' to '÷umi-' ('vb-e lidt, halvhjertet', Vb a little/half-heartedly, Sec.5.3.3.6) -- a plausibly related historical form, but the gloss and this repo's lack of an existing ÷umi- entry to anchor the comparison make this too thin to count as independent corroboration; declined here rather than force-cited." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s incompletely; breaks off before finishing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s incompletely", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s incompletely" }, "da": "nogen gør det ufuldstændigt", "verb_phrase": "___-s incompletely; the action is broken off before completion (MOFO's own tentative gloss -- exact translation depends on the base stem)", "da_short": "nogen ___ ufuldstændigt", "composition": { "en": "___-s incompletely; the action is broken off before completion", "da": "___ ufuldstændigt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ ufuldstændigt" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anersaamivoq", "natural": "he sighs (MOFO's own lexicalised example, ultimately from Kleinschmidt [SK71]; from anersaarpoq, 'he breathes')" }, { "surface": "peqimivoq", "natural": "it (a seal) appears briefly then dives again without arching its back (MOFO's own example, ultimately from Kleinschmidt [SK71]; from peqippoq, 'it bends over/arches its back')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-mi", "Kleinschmidt1871:anersaamivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:anersaamivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anersaamivoq" ], "id": "V_mi_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_lliq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "unclear, likely-opaque semantic contribution; a non-productive affix found in lexicalized constructions, including uumillerpoq, 'grimaces' (Kleinschmidt records this as a variant of V{-la}V, e.g. uumilavoq, same meaning; the ultimate origin of this affix itself is unknown)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_lliq_Vb:1190be29b8f5", "items": [ { "text": "unclear, likely-opaque semantic contribution; a non-productive affix found in lexicalized constructions, including uumillerpoq, 'grimaces' (Kleinschmidt records this as a variant of V{-la}V, e.g. uumilavoq, same meaning; the ultimate origin of this affix itself is unknown)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/lliq", "Oqaatsit1997:uumillerpoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:uumillerpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uumillerpoq", "Petersen1951:-llerpoq#e13543", "Petersen1967:-llerpoq#e13513", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-llerpoq#e10030" ], "rationale": "Correct the false one-word-only restriction and unsupported unrelatedness claim using complete primary prose and Petersen1951:-llerpoq#e13543, Petersen1967:-llerpoq#e13513, Kleinschmidt1871:.-llerpoq#e10030. Retain the complete corrected meaning as one uncertain item; no punctuation-derived sense alternatives are admitted. The historical rows are preserved in the cluster preflight ledger." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-lliq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Incoming attachment is phonotactically truncative under AITWG Definition 2.4 because the fixed morphemic form begins with two consonants. MOFO's Default label includes this predictable behavior; it does not mean additive in every entry. This does not make the lexicalized affix productive. Outgoing assibilation is separately supported below.", "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO analyzes {lliq} as a q-stem and explicitly cites assibilation in suliumallersoq. Petersen1951:-llerpoq#e13543 and the corresponding Petersen1967 row independently distinguish old -tdlerpoq from other -llerpoq homographs, listing uumillerpoq, qasillerpoq, tusarumallerpoq and the participle qasillersoq. The affix is not confined to one word. Its origin remains uncertain; Kleinschmidt compares it with -lavoq, without establishing that all homographic -llerpoq entries are variants.", "The Oqaatsit1997:-llerpoq#e7093 result is a homographic transitive verb-forming entry (‘serve beer/coffee/mattak/meat/chocolate’), matching the separate N{lliq}V ‘serve N’ construction below; it is not evidence for this V-to-V -lliq.", "Coincidental homograph caution: this repo's existing N_lliq_N (denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, 'the N-most') and the N{lliq}V verbalizer 'S serves N' documented in docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md are both spelled -lleq/-llerpoq too, but are a different word-class direction (N->N, N->V) from this V->V affix -- unrelated siblings, not the same morpheme, per MOFO's own separate page for this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "unclear meaning; lexicalized constructions", "en_short": { "default": "unclear meaning" }, "da": "uklar betydning (faste ord)", "da_short": "uklar betydning", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uumillerpoq", "natural": "(he/it) grimaces (a fixed, lexicalized form; compare uumilavoq, which Kleinschmidt relates to V{-la}V; the affix's origin remains uncertain)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "MOFO:vv/lliq", "Petersen1951:-llerpoq#e13543", "Petersen1967:-llerpoq#e13513", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-llerpoq#e10030", "Oqaatsit1997:uumillerpoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:uumillerpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uumillerpoq" ], "id": "V_lliq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_naaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "it Vb's strongly (a closed, non-productive set: only attested on avalent wind-direction verb stems, 'there blows a strong wind from N')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_naaq_Vb:58ac82333374", "items": [ { "text": "it Vb's strongly (a closed, non-productive set: only attested on avalent wind-direction verb stems, 'there blows a strong wind from N')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:assarnaarpoq#e2083", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assarnaarpoq#e2043", "MOFO:vv/naaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:assarnaarpoq" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-naaq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Exact modern rows corroborate the strong east-wind lexical example. They do not independently establish the naaq underlying form, its avalent host classification, productive attachment or alternations. Preserve the separately source-bound closed nonproductive wind-direction scope.", "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {naaq}, a q-stem; per MOFO's own form_and_usage note, these wind-direction verb stems appear to be built the same way as the parallel noun construction N{saq}V + N{saqnəq}N ('wind from N'), with this affix substituting for the abstract-participle affix V{nəq}N in that same pattern.", "Distinct from the unrelated, coincidentally similarly-spelled V_naq_Vb (this file, above, {naq}, single /a/): MOFO gives these as two separate pages with different morphemic forms (long vs. short vowel) and unrelated meanings/restrictions." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it ___'s strongly (wind-direction verbs only)", "da": "det gør det kraftigt (kun om stærk vind fra en retning)", "en_short": { "default": "it {{verb}}'s strongly" }, "da_short": "det ___ kraftigt", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "assarnaarpoq", "natural": "there blows a strong wind from the East (compare assarneq, 'a wind from the east')" }, { "surface": "avannaarpoq", "natural": "there blows a strong wind from the North" }, { "surface": "nunasarnaarpoq", "natural": "there blows a strong wind out from the inland (compare nunasarneq, 'a wind from the direction of the land')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assarnaarpoq#e2083", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assarnaarpoq#e2043", "MOFO:vv/naaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:assarnaarpoq" ], "id": "V_naaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nari_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Agent finds Patient Vb'able (a compositional combination of V_naq_Vb, 'it is such as to be Vb'able', and a further '-gə' affix, 'find/have as')", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_nari_Vb:a08c8b0e8ef2", "items": [ { "text": "Agent finds Patient Vb'able (a compositional combination of V_naq_Vb, 'it is such as to be Vb'able', and a further '-gə' affix, 'find/have as')", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/narə", "Kleinschmidt1871:tupinnaraa" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. Exact local dictionary rows are now recorded below. They provide lexical examples or translations for the cited forms, but the available row wording does not by itself settle the relation between every comma-linked phrase in this grammatical description. No structured alternatives are admitted on punctuation alone; preserve the full raw gloss pending a targeted source interpretation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nari", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {narə}, historically V{naq}V + V{-gə}V (or, per Kleinschmidt/Schultz-Lorentzen's alternative analysis, V{naq}N + N{-gə}V, 'have as' -- MOFO itself prefers the verbal reading). underlying_form '-nari' respells the bracket's final schwa as 'i', the same pre-contraction-form methodology already used by this file's own V_niutigi_Vb/V_suri_Vb, directly confirmed here by MOFO's own alternate citation form '+narinnippoq', which shows the schwa surfacing as 'i' before a consonant-initial continuation; inflection_sandhi:schwa_vowel_fusion is separately grounded by the OTHER citation form, '+naraa' (narə + -aa fusing directly, the same MOFO 'ə-contraction' facet already mapped to this schema value by V_niutigi_Vb/V_suri_Vb).", "Not the same affix as the coincidentally similar-looking V_naar_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml, '-naar', 'A finds P too Vb'ing'): MOFO gives these as two separate pages with genuinely different phonological shapes (long-vowel /naːr/, truncating, vs. this affix's short-vowel-plus-schwa /narə/, additive ə-stem) and different compositional meanings ('too much' vs. 'find X characteristic-able'); flagged as a declined near-miss, not silently conflated, per this repo's established practice (e.g. N_kkallak_N's declined Nielsen2012 near-match).", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset, same open question already flagged on this file's own V_niutigi_Vb/V_suri_Vb precedent: MOFO's own facet for this affix is 'ə-stem', but whether AITWG:§6.4 ('Nominal stem-types') independently extends to a non-nominal/affixal ə-stem has not been confirmed." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_nari_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} finds {{Agent}} ___'able", "da": "nogen synes man kan gøre det ved nogen", "verb_phrase": "find {{Agent}} ___'able (a compositional combination of V_naq_Vb, 'it is such as to be ___'able', and a further '-gə' affix, 'find/have as')", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} finds {{Patient}} {{verb}}'able", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} finds {{Patient}} {{verb:3sg}}'able" }, "da_short": "nogen synes man kan ___ ved nogen", "composition": { "da": "synes man kan ___ ved nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "synes man kan ___ ved nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qiianaraa", "natural": "he finds it (freezingly) cold; he thinks one must be freezing there (from qiiavoq, 'he feels cold')" }, { "surface": "tupinnaraa", "natural": "he finds it surprising (from tupigaa, 'he is surprised by it' -- an ə-stem {tupigə}V, with the affix eliding /ə/ and attaching directly to /g/, giving the double consonant)" }, { "surface": "kajungernaraa", "natural": "he finds it attractive (from kajungerpoq, 'he is attracted (to something)')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/narə", "Kleinschmidt1871:tupinnaraa" ], "id": "V_nari_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nasaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject hesitates to Vb; Subject takes a long time to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nasaaq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {nasaaq}, a q-stem, recorded as non-productive or only marginally productive. MOFO's own note: Kleinschmidt records V{yumaaqnəqtu}V (roughly, 'shall be very inclined to') as usually preferred in this sense instead.", "Coincidental homograph caution: unrelated to this repo's existing 'nasaq' noun stem ('hat; cap; fur hood', stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) despite the similar spelling -- a different word class (noun stem vs. verbal affix) and MOFO page entirely." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} hesitates to ___; takes a long time to ___", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} hesitates to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} hesitates to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da": "nogen tøver med at gøre det; bruger lang tid på at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "hesitate to ___; take a long time to ___", "da_short": "nogen tøver med at ___", "composition": { "en": "hesitate to ___; take a long time to ___", "da": "tøver med at ___; bruger lang tid på at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "tøver med at ___; bruger lang tid på at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iginnasaarpaa", "natural": "he hesitates to throw it away (from igippaa, 'he throws it away')" }, { "surface": "pinasaanngilaq", "natural": "he does not hesitate (to do something); he readily does it (on the dummy verb stem {pi}V, giving the affix's own bare meaning)" }, { "surface": "ninngannasaarpoq", "natural": "he is not quick to anger; he is not easily angered (from ninngappoq, 'he is angry; hysterical')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/nasaaq", "Ordbogi1977:pinasaanngilaq", "Oqaatsit1997:pinasaanngilaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pinasaanngilaq" ], "id": "V_nasaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_niut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "several Subjects strive/hunt together to Vb (only used with plural, intransitive endings; reflexive/reciprocal in force)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-001-250.json#issue1065:V_niut_Vb:5b1442ec31f2", "items": [ { "text": "several Subjects strive/hunt together to Vb (only used with plural, intransitive endings; reflexive/reciprocal in force)", "relation": "uncertain", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:vv/niut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "rationale": "Retain the complete authored gloss as one review unit. No exact local dictionary row could be resolved from this candidate’s existing citation identifiers/forms in the available parsed mirror. The text alone cannot establish the comma relation. Preserve the full raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-niut", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {niut(ə)}, a straightforward combination of V{niaq}V ('tries/strives to Vb'; this repo's own V_niaq_try_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml; compare the related Fortescue V_niar_Vb in verbal_modifiers.yaml and distinguish the sentence-scope V_niaq_Vb in sentential_affixes.yaml) and V{-(cc)ut(ə)}V (this repo's own V_ut_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml, used here in its reflexive/reciprocal sense, hence the plural-only intransitive restriction); underlying_form '-niut' follows the plain, non-schwa spelling already established for V_ut_Vb's own family.", "right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering is grounded by AITWG:§6.10 ('Sandhi of ut(ə)-stems', independently confirmed by Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1/§2.5.4 and Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -uppaa) -- the same MOFO 't(ə) sandhi' facet already mapped to this schema value elsewhere (e.g. denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml); morphology_class.stem_type is left unset, since AITWG:§6.10's own schema_refs ground that value for HOST stems taking a schwa-buffering affix, not for this affix's own -ut(ə)-final shape.", "Partial independent overlap, not treated as full corroboration: docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md (AITWG-Affixes p.29-31) mentions, in passing within its own N{(t)}V ('S catches N') entry, that 'This affix can further be followed by V{-ut(ə)}V ⟹ N{(t)niut(ə)}V (several S'es hunt for N), only used with endings in plural' -- the identical compositional analysis and a closely matching gloss, but only as a footnote to a DIFFERENT (N-side, animal-hunting-specific) headword, not this affix's own general V-to-V citation with its own worked examples; flagged rather than claimed as this entry's independent source." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_niut_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "several of them strive together to ___; several of them hunt together to ___", "da": "flere stræber sammen efter at gøre det; flere jager sammen efter at gøre det", "en_short": { "default": "several Subjects strive together to {{verb}}; several Subjects hunt together to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "stræber sammen efter at ___; jager sammen efter at ___", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "stræber sammen efter at ___; jager sammen efter at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anguniupput", "natural": "many people are out seal-hunting (from anguvoq, 'he is seal-hunting')" }, { "surface": "apuunniupput", "natural": "they strive to reach the destination (from apuuppoq, 'he has arrived at the destination')" }, { "surface": "iserniupput", "natural": "many people are flocking to enter (from iserpoq, 'he enters')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/niut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4" ], "id": "V_niut_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_aqcaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject has begun to Vb a little" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-arsaar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{-aqcaaq}V, glossed by MOFO as apparently a combination of V{-aq}V ('a little') and V{caaq}V, though MOFO itself flags the second component as semantically unmotivated ('this makes no sense w.r.t. the meaning... this may be spurious') -- recorded here as MOFO's own hedge, not resolved further.", "MOFO's own text restricts this affix to stems meaning 'has become' (transitional stems); all three of MOFO's own worked examples are built this way.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration found: checked docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md and docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/5.3.3-verbalgraduerende-tilhaeng.md for 'arsaar'/'aqcaaq', and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/*.md for 'arsaar' -- the only hit (Bjornum's eqaarsaarneq/eqaarsaarpoq, 'gymnastik') is an unrelated stem+affix combination, not this morpheme. MOFO's own Sources table cites FAJN19 (Nielsen's 2019 edition), which this repo cannot independently verify since only the transcribed Nielsen2012 (2012 edition) extracts are citable per CLAUDE.md." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has begun to ___ a little", "da": "nogen er begyndt at gøre det lidt", "verb_phrase": "have begun to ___ a little", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} has begun to {{verb}} a little", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} has begun to {{verb:3sg}} a little" }, "da_short": "nogen er begyndt at ___ lidt", "composition": { "en": "have begun to ___ a little", "da": "er begyndt at ___ lidt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er begyndt at ___ lidt" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "taarsiarsaarpoq", "natural": "dusk has come (from taarsivoq, 'it has become darkness'; MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "unnuarsaarpoq", "natural": "it is early evening (from unnuppoq, 'it is (become) evening'; MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "utoqqaliarsaarpoq", "natural": "he isn't exactly young any more (from utoqqalivoq, 'he has become old', with V{li}V; MOFO's own example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/aqcaaq", "Petersen1967:-arsaarpoq" ], "id": "V_aqcaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ataaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb's strongly! (often as an exclamation in the participial mood, drawing attention to a strong/powerful/hard action)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_ataaq_Vb:f0c9ce080207", "items": [ { "text": "Subject Vb's strongly!", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/ataaq", "Oqaatsit1997:tissiataarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tissiataarpoq" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical is explicitly introduced as additional explanation of the strong-action reading. The cited Oqaatsit and Oqaasileriffik entries attest the example tissiataarpoq (“sails under full sail” / “is sailing under full sail”); the MOFO page identifies the parenthetical as qualification, not an option. No option item is supported." }, { "text": "often as an exclamation in the participial mood, drawing attention to a strong/powerful/hard action", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "Subject Vb's strongly!", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/ataaq", "Oqaatsit1997:tissiataarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tissiataarpoq" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical is explicitly introduced as additional explanation of the strong-action reading. The cited Oqaatsit and Oqaasileriffik entries attest the example tissiataarpoq (“sails under full sail” / “is sailing under full sail”); the MOFO page identifies the parenthetical as qualification, not an option. No option item is supported." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ataar", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO tags this affix's own left sandhi with BOTH 'Truncative' and 'Irregular' (MOFO's own two co-listed facets); left_sandhi:irregular is used here as the more specific of the two, directly attested by MOFO's own example ajorataartoq, where the affix attaches after /q/ rather than truncating it as expected.", "MOFO's own non-productive tag is set. Confirmed distinct from this repo's existing V_riataaq_Vb/V_yumaataaq_Vb ('suddenly/unexpectedly Vb', 'slow to Vb'), which are larger, independently-corroborated compounds sharing only the -ataaq tail, not this bare root.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration found for the BARE root: checked docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md and Nielsen2012's §5.3.3 extract for a plain '-ataarpoq' headword -- only the larger compounds (-riataarpoq, -jumaataarpoq, -lluataarpoq, -ssuataarpoq), already modeled by this repo's own separate entries, were found." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s strongly! (often as an exclamation)", "da": "nogen gør det kraftigt! (udråb)", "verb_phrase": "___-s strongly! (often as an exclamation in the participial mood, drawing attention to a strong/powerful/hard action)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s strongly!", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s strongly!" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ kraftigt!", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ kraftigt! (udråb)" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nivaartaartoq", "natural": "Wow, look how he is shovelling! (from nivappoq, 'he shovels snow'; MOFO's own example, participial exclamation)" }, { "surface": "ajorataartoq", "natural": "Wow, it is really bad! (from ajorpoq, 'it is bad'; MOFO's own example, directly illustrating left_sandhi:irregular -- the affix attaches to /q/ rather than removing it)" }, { "surface": "tissiataarpoq", "natural": "he is sailing hard (from tisserpoq, 'he sails'; MOFO's own example, noted by MOFO as lexicalised)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ataaq", "Oqaatsit1997:tissiataarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tissiataarpoq" ], "id": "V_ataaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_gaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb's repeatedly (sometimes with connotations of 'one after the other')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-gar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "DISAMBIGUATION: not the same morpheme as the well-attested passive-participle nominalizer (docs/affixlist/2-nominalisers.md's V{-ðaq}N, which also idiosyncratically surfaces as '-gaq' on q-stems, e.g. atuagaq 'book') -- that is an N-forming affix with unrelated etymology; this is a distinct, non-productive V->V affix meaning 'repeatedly'.", "MOFO's own non-productive tag is set. Per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary (as cited by MOFO), this affix derives from proto-Inuit {qaq-}, the same root underlying the related affix V{-raq}V, and is also said to relate to V{-aq}V -- neither cognate affix is modeled in this repo yet, so the relation is recorded here in prose only.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration found for this specific 'repeatedly' V->V sense: checked docs/affixlist/6-verbal-extenders.md and docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md, and grepped both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 extracts broadly for 'gaq'/'garpoq' -- the many hits found all belong to the unrelated nominal -gaq family (passive participles, e.g. atuagaq, najugaq) rather than this verbal affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s repeatedly, one after the other", "da": "nogen gør det gentagne gange", "verb_phrase": "___-s repeatedly (sometimes with connotations of 'one after the other')", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s repeatedly, one after the other", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s repeatedly, one after the other" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ gentagne gange", "composition": { "da": "___ gentagne gange" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ gentagne gange" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "siku qitulligarpoq", "natural": "the ice is waving (up and down) (from qituppoq, 'it is soft', + V{li}V; MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "aallagarput", "natural": "they travelled in several groups (from aallarpoq, 'he travels', with deletion of the final /q/; MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "aalisagarput", "natural": "they caught several fish (one after the other) (from aalisarpoq, 'he is fishing'; MOFO's own example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/gaq", "Petersen1967:-garpoq" ], "id": "V_gaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_iqsaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent rids Patient of his Vb'ness (reflexive when used intransitively without a HTR-morpheme: 'Agent rids himself of his Vb'ness')", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ersar", "left_sandhi": "aq_truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket form V{-iqsaq}V surfaces as -ersar- (citations -ersarpaa/-ersarpoq), the same /iq/->/er/ weakening this repo already models elsewhere via left_sandhi:aq_truncative (e.g. N_iqsi_lost_Vb, denominal_verbs.yaml, bracket N{-iqser}V -> -erser-).", "MOFO records this affix's Diathesis as 'Reflexive (BP)' -- not modeled, this schema has no diathesis field (see this repo's tuni entry for the out-of-scope precedent).", "MOFO's own non-productive tag is set; MOFO's own text says it is 'only used with a few verb stems, in particular some built with V{(q)gusuk}V' (this repo's existing V_rusuk_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml, 'would like to Vb').", "Etymology per MOFO/Schultz-Lorentzen: the initial /iq/ is said to derive from V{-iq}V (not yet a separate entry in this repo); the /saq/ segment is unexplained, though MOFO tentatively suggests a link to V{saq}V ('try to cause to') based on a near-doublet, qasuersaarpoq/qasuersarpoq -- both explicitly flagged by MOFO as a working hypothesis only, not asserted here as fact.", "Not independently found in the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary either, per MOFO's own text; no independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration found (checked docs/affixlist/6-verbal-extenders.md and docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md, and both Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 extracts, for 'ersar'/'iqsaq')." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_iqsaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} rids {{Agent}} of his ___'ness", "da": "nogen befrier nogen for det at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "rid {{Agent}} of his ___'ness (reflexive when used intransitively without a HTR-morpheme: '{{Patient}} rids himself of his ___'ness')", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} rids {{Patient}} of his {{verb}}'ness", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} rids {{Patient}} of his {{verb:3sg}}'ness" }, "da_short": "nogen befrier nogen for det at ___", "composition": { "da": "befrier nogen for det at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "befrier nogen for det at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imerusuersarpaa", "natural": "he gives him drinks, to quench his thirst (from imerusuppoq, 'he wants to drink' -- {(q)gusuk} base; MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "qasuersarpoq", "natural": "he rests (from qasuvoq, 'he is tired'; MOFO's own example, illustrating the reflexive intransitive use)" }, { "surface": "tumannguersarpaa", "natural": "he feeds him (from tumannguvoq, 'he is hungry'; MOFO's own example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/iqsaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:imerusuersarpaa", "Kleinschmidt1871:tumannguersarpaa" ], "id": "V_iqsaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_jasi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject now becomes likely to Vb" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-jasi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own analysis: a straightforward combination of V{-ja}V ('can easily' -- this repo's existing V_ja_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml) and a graded/inchoative affix V{si}V ('has become (more) Vb'ing', a variant of V{li}V).", "DISAMBIGUATION: MOFO's '-si' component here is NOT the same morpheme as this repo's existing V_si_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, the half-transitivising HTR-morpheme V{ði}V) -- a homograph only; MOFO's own text identifies this '-si' as a V{li}V variant (the graded/'more and more' family already partly modeled by this repo's V_li_Vb and siblings in verbal_modifiers.yaml), a semantically unrelated affix that happens to share the surface spelling.", "Only a single source (CWSL58/Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) is listed on MOFO's own page, with a single worked example; no independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration found (checked all three for 'jasivoq'/'jasi-')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} now becomes likely to ___", "da": "nogen bliver nu tilbøjelig til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "now becomes likely to ___", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} now becomes likely to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} now becomes likely to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen bliver nu tilbøjelig til at ___", "composition": { "en": "now becomes likely to ___", "da": "bliver nu tilbøjelig til at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver nu tilbøjelig til at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nukillaajasivoq", "natural": "he now easily becomes fatigued/weakened (from nukillaarpoq, 'he gets weak; fatigued'; MOFO's own, and only, example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/jasi" ], "id": "V_jasi_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qattaut_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subjects Vb each other, again and again (reciprocal; only used with intransitive endings and a plural Subject)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_qattaut_Vb:221ab24547c8", "items": [ { "text": "Subjects Vb each other, again and again (reciprocal; only used with intransitive endings and a plural Subject)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/qattaut(ə)", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qattaarpoq" ], "rationale": "The comma joins reciprocal and iterative components of one combined event description. Kleinschmidt’s cited row explicitly describes subjects doing it to one another several times; no selectable gloss boundary is evidenced." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qattaut", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{-qattaut(ə)}V, a lexicalised combination of V_qattaaq_Vb (this repo's own '-qattaaq' entry, verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'to Vb again and again') and V_ut_Vb (this repo's own '-ut(e)' entry, verbal_extenders.yaml), whose own reflexive/reciprocal intransitive sense (per V_ut_Vb's own notes) supplies this compound's obligatory reciprocal reading; V_qattaaq_Vb's own final /aq/ drops before the vowel-initial -ut(ə) per MOFO's own text.", "MOFO records this stem as a t(ə)-stem (right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering, the same 't(ə) sandhi' facet mapping already established throughout this repo, e.g. N_irut_Vb/N_liuut_Vb) and left sandhi Truncative (inherited from V_qattaaq_Vb's own q-initial truncative edge).", "MOFO's own Valency line lists 'Increasing' + 'Monovalent' together (the compound is inherently only used intransitively, with a plural Subject, per its own Diathesis:'Reflexive (BP)' facet) -- not modeled as a single morphology_class.valency_effect value given the mixed listing; recorded here in prose only, the same treatment already used elsewhere in this file for other multi-valued Valency lines (e.g. V_neqaq_Vb)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subjects}} ___ each other, again and again (plural only)", "da": "de gør det ved hinanden, igen og igen (kun i flertal)", "verb_phrase": "___ each other, again and again (reciprocal; only used with intransitive endings and a plural {{Subjects}})", "en_short": { "default": "Subjects {{verb}} each other, again and again" }, "da_short": "de ___ ved hinanden, igen og igen", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ ved hinanden, igen og igen (kun i flertal)" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pasillersaqattaapput", "natural": "they (repeatedly) accuse each other of something (MOFO's own example, citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from pasillerpaa, 'he accuses him of something', with the assibilating -ðaq- infix)" }, { "surface": "qaangerniaqattaapput", "natural": "they fight to get past each other (MOFO's own example, citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from qaangerpaa, 'he passes him', with -niaq- 'intend to')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/qattaut(ə)", "Kleinschmidt1871:.qattaarpoq" ], "id": "V_qattaut_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_riaqar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject=Patient must be Vb'ed (or, avalent, 'there must be Vb'ed'); the bare, less common counterpart of V_tariaqaq_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml), which is this same affix realized with a preceding -tar-/-sar- element", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_riaqar_Vb:612929aea3a7", "items": [ { "text": "Subject=Patient must be Vb'ed", "relation": "alternative", "choice_group": 1, "scope": "transitive use", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/rijaqaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.giaqarpoq", "Petersen1967:-iaqarpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ajorsartut ikioriaqarput", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ajorsartut ikioriaqarput" ], "rationale": "The ledger cites a Kleinschmidt row distinguishing transitive and intransitive/impersonal uses; the gloss explicitly presents the avalent paraphrase with “or”. These are alternate scoped renderings of one reading. The comparison after the semicolon describes the affix relationship and is explanatory, not an alternative." }, { "text": "there must be Vb'ed", "relation": "alternative", "choice_group": 1, "scope": "avalent use", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/rijaqaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.giaqarpoq", "Petersen1967:-iaqarpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ajorsartut ikioriaqarput", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ajorsartut ikioriaqarput" ], "rationale": "The ledger cites a Kleinschmidt row distinguishing transitive and intransitive/impersonal uses; the gloss explicitly presents the avalent paraphrase with “or”. These are alternate scoped renderings of one reading. The comparison after the semicolon describes the affix relationship and is explanatory, not an alternative." }, { "text": "the bare, less common counterpart of V_tariaqaq_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml), which is this same affix realized with a preceding -tar-/-sar- element", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "V_riaqar_Vb", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/rijaqaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.giaqarpoq", "Petersen1967:-iaqarpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ajorsartut ikioriaqarput", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ajorsartut ikioriaqarput" ], "rationale": "The ledger cites a Kleinschmidt row distinguishing transitive and intransitive/impersonal uses; the gloss explicitly presents the avalent paraphrase with “or”. These are alternate scoped renderings of one reading. The comparison after the semicolon describes the affix relationship and is explanatory, not an alternative." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-iaqar", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{-rijaqaq}V (bracket /j/, silent in the New orthography citation '-riaqarpoq'), tagged by MOFO itself as a non-productive stem. Per MOFO's own text, this is 'an old, non-productive variant of V{ðarijaqaq}V without the iterative V{ðaq}V' -- V{ðarijaqaq}V is this repo's own pre-existing V_tariaqaq_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml, '+tariaqar', 'must Vb; needs to Vb'). The entry ID keeps MOFO's own bracket spelling; underlying_form reflects the attested citation form instead (see the SHAPE CORRECTION note below), the same ID-vs-underlying_form split already used in this file for V_llak_Vb.", "Constituents per MOFO: V{-rijaq}N + N{-qaq}V -- a passive-participle-like nominal base ('one who/something that is Vb'ed') plus N{-qaq}V ('to have'), giving a necessitive/passive sense. Partly corroborated: Oqaatsit1997 carries '-riaq' as its own affix headword (ateriaq, sangoriaq), though glossed there locatively ('the place where one goes down') rather than in the 'occasion/need' sense this composition requires -- so MOFO's constituent analysis is recorded, not independently re-derived.", "SHAPE CORRECTION (issue #349 follow-up): the earlier modelling here was underlying_form '-riaqar' with left_sandhi:truncative, grounded on AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /kŋpqr/-initial rule. The attested citation form is not r-initial. Kleinschmidt1871's headword is '.giaqarpoq' and Petersen1951/1967's is '-iaqarpoq' -- both vowel-initial -- and the surface 'r' in forms like ilinniariaqarpoq is the HOST STEM's own final consonant, not part of the affix. Petersen1951/1967's own example set makes this decisive: kalippaa (k-stem, passive participle kalitaq) yields 'kaligiaqarpoq' with k->g, alongside r-stem 'ilinniariaqarpoq' and 'suaariaqarpoq' (old orthography suaoriaĸarpoĸ). '-riaqar' + truncative predicts *kaliriaqarpoq and is simply wrong for any non-r-final host.", "left_sandhi:irregular is chosen deliberately over any other enum value, and is an honest flag rather than a rule: the connecting consonant is determined by the HOST's inflectional class, and this schema has no value expressing that. Kleinschmidt1871 states the rule directly for the parallel '.Karaaq' affix -- between the affix and the host stem's last vowel comes 'hos 1ste kl. r, hos 2den kl. almindeligst tt, sjældnere kk ell. g alene, og hos 3dje, 4de og 5te kl. participiets begyndelseskonsonant' (1st class r; 2nd class usually tt, more rarely kk or g alone; 3rd/4th/5th the participle's initial consonant), worked out on iserpoq->iseraraaq, oqaluppoq->oqaluttaraaq, igippaa->igittaraa, sanavaa->sanasaraa, isigaa->isigisaraa. Petersen1951/1967's own three co-listed headwords for this affix sort the same way: '-iaqarpoq' (ilinniariaqarpoq, suaariaqarpoq, kaligiaqarpoq), '-sariaqarpoq' (pisariaqarpoq, inuusariaqarpoq, nerisariaqarpoq), '-tariaqarpoq' (tusartariaqarpoq, sinittariaqarpoq, nigguttariaqarpoq), each cross-referencing the others. A builder should flag these approximate rather than emit a confidently wrong join; if a class-determined-connecting-consonant mechanism is ever added, the 1st-class (r-final host) case covers the clear majority of attested bare forms.", "DERIVATION DIRECTION: Kleinschmidt1871 opens the '.giaqarpoq' entry with '.giaqarpoq, almindeligst med .Tarpoq: .Tariaqarpoq' -- the bare affix is the base, and the -tar- form is its most common realization, not the other way round. This entry's meaning line previously described it as 'an old, non-productive variant of V_tariaqaq_Vb'; that framing is corrected above. This is also the answer to whether the two should be merged (issue #349's own open question): they should NOT -- both routes are available on the same r-final hosts (tusar takes -tariaqar while ilinniar, ikior, suaor take the bare form), so this is a competing construction, not a positionally-conditioned allomorph of V_tariaqaq_Vb.", "ARGUMENT STRUCTURE, per Kleinschmidt1871's own '.giaqarpoq' text (not previously recorded on this entry, and not expressible in the current schema): the construction is impersonal ('upersonligt'); the agent, when needed, goes in the allative (uannut ataqqisariaqarpoq, 'I must honour him'); and the person endings take on suffix-like reference (nersortariaqarputit, 'you must be praised'; tunisariaqarput, 'they must be given'). Branch 1 is transitive hosts ('man må _ ham/det'), branch 2 intransitive and HTR hosts ('der er et fornødent at man _').", "FALSE-POSITIVE GUARD for anyone re-running a corpus search on this affix: 'nakkariaqarpoq' (SchultzLorentzen1926/1927, 'vejen ... har flere bratte bakker') and the whole 'feeriaqar-' family (feeriaqarpoq, feeriaqarneq, ...) are N + N{-qaq}V 'to have an N', NOT this affix, despite matching on the surface string." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} must be ___-ed (or, impersonally: 'there must be ___-ing')", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} else must be {{verb:past}}; something else must be {{verb:past}}", "past": "{{Actor}} else must be {{verb:past}}; something else must be {{verb:past}}" }, "da": "nogen skal gøres det ved", "da_short": "nogen skal gøres det ved", "composition": { "da": "skal ___ ved" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "skal ___ ved" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anniariaqarpoq", "natural": "one must feel pain; the pain must be endured (Kleinschmidt1871's own example under '.giaqarpoq', branch 2, 'man må føle smerte / tåle smerten'; from anniarpoq, 'he suffers/is in pain' -- a bare form, no -tar-/-sar- element)" }, { "surface": "ilinniariaqarpoq", "natural": "one must learn/study it (Petersen1951/1967's own first example under the '-iaqarpoq' headword; from ilinniarpoq, 'he learns')" }, { "surface": "kaligiaqarpoq", "natural": "it must be towed (Petersen1951/1967's own example under the '-iaqarpoq' headword; from kalippaa, 'he tows it' -- the k-stem case, showing k->g, which is what rules out an r-initial '-riaqar' analysis)" }, { "surface": "ikioriaqarput", "natural": "they must be helped; the needy should be helped (SchultzLorentzen1926/1927's own entry, whose headword is the full phrase 'ajorsartut ikioriaqarput' -- cited that way in provenance; from ikiorpaa, 'he helps him' -- the Subject=Patient necessitive sense this entry glosses)" }, { "surface": "aallariaqarpoq", "natural": "now there must be travelled (MOFO's own example, citing Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; avalent use, from aallarpoq, 'he travels/departs'). NOT independently attested: not found in any of the twelve mirrored dictionaries; retained as MOFO's own citation only, and it is the reason earlier worked-example-driven searches for this entry came back empty." }, { "surface": "atoriaqagaq", "natural": "something that is needed (MOFO's own example, citing Nielsen 2019 [FAJN19], illustrating a further passive-participle derivative -riaqaq + -ðaq -- not itself a direct citation of this affix's own bare verbal form, from atorpaa, 'he uses it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/rijaqaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.giaqarpoq", "Petersen1967:-iaqarpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ajorsartut ikioriaqarput", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ajorsartut ikioriaqarput" ], "id": "V_riaqar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kcau_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S (or, on a divalent base stem, the base stem's own Actor=Patient) is Vb'able", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_kcau_Vb:e5f828f15480", "items": [ { "text": "S (or, on a divalent base stem, the base stem's own Actor=Patient) is Vb'able", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/kcau", "Kleinschmidt1871:takussaavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:takussaavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:takussaavoq" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssaa", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{kcau}V, apparently formed from the nominal future affix N{kcaq}N (normally noun-only; this repo's own N_kcaq_N, nominal_modifiers.yaml) attached directly to a VERBAL base and followed by N{-u}V ('to be') -- per MOFO's own citation of the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10], a marginal/etymologically-unusual formation. Same kc-initial cluster onset as N_kcaq_N/N_ssamaaq_N/this repo's own V_ccamaaq_Vb -- left_sandhi:truncative follows by the same double grounding already established for those three siblings (AITWG:§2.3 Definition 2.4's cluster-onset phonotactic truncativity, and AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7's blanket /k.../-initial rule), inferred here by analogy rather than independently re-verified against AITWG's own text for this MOFO-only entry.", "DISAMBIGUATION: not the same affix as this repo's own V_tussaa_Vb ('+tussaa/+sussaa', 'is supposed to Vb', an obligation sense) or V_taccau_Vb ('+sassaa/-tassaa/-gassaa', 'S is to be Vb'ed', a passive-obligation sense), both verbal_extenders.yaml -- checked and ruled out despite superficial '-ssaavoq'-family citation similarity; this affix's own 'is Vb'able' potentiality sense is distinct from both.", "STRUCTURAL NOTE for a future split: this affix's potentiality sense reads closer to verbal_extenders.yaml's own Sec.6.5 'Potentiality' cluster (V_taccau_Vb, V_tussaa_Vb, V_tussanngor_Vb) than to an ordinary verbal_modifiers.yaml entry -- kept in this file per CLAUDE.md's rule that MOFO-only tail entries always live here regardless of semantic flavor.", "On a divalent base stem, this affix's own Actor is equated with the base stem's Patient (MOFO itself compares this to the stative passive V{-ðau}V) -- a conditional-on-base-valency meaning shift this schema has no dedicated field for, recorded in prose only, the same treatment already used for this repo's independently-sourced V_nerar_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml).", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source was found specifically corroborating this 'is Vb'able' sense after a real search: every Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 hit found instead matched one of the two already-modeled '-ssaavoq'-family affixes ruled out above, or V_sar_Vb's own antipassive/HTR-contracted form (verbal_extenders.yaml). MOFO's own 'Stem categorisation / Non-productive morpheme' tag independently agrees. Hence tail tier, MOFO-only provenance." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_kcau_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} is ___'able", "da": "man kan gøre det ved nogen", "verb_phrase": "(or, on a divalent base stem, the base stem's own {{Patient}}={{Actor}}) is ___'able", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is {{verb}}'able", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} is {{verb:3sg}}'able" }, "da_short": "man kan ___ ved nogen", "composition": { "da": "kan ___ ved nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "kan ___ ved nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "subject_decreasing" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angusaavoq", "natural": "he is catchable; it is possible to catch up with him (MOFO's own example, cited there to Oqaatsit 1997 [CBBJRPIKJR97], from anguaa, 'he catches up with him')" }, { "surface": "takussaavoq", "natural": "it is usable (MOFO's own example, from atorpaa, 'he uses it')" }, { "surface": "tikissaavoq", "natural": "it is reachable; it is possible to get all the way to it (MOFO's own example, cited there to Oqaatsit 1997 [CBBJRPIKJR97], from tikippaa, 'he arrives at it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/kcau", "Kleinschmidt1871:takussaavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:takussaavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:takussaavoq" ], "id": "V_kcau_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_llak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S Vb's suddenly/abruptly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-llak", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO explicitly gives V{llak}V and classifies the result as a k-stem. The citation -llappoq assimilates /k+p/ to /pp/ before the ending; this does not establish an underlying p. Retain -llak independently of that surface assimilation, distinct from q-final V_llaq_Vb.", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-llappoq#e10025 independently discusses short onset and the .-llatsiarpoq formation, with examples including anillappoq and kimillappaa. Its broader historical account does not license general productivity for the source-qualified nonproductive entry.", "MOFO's own tag is 'Stem categorisation / Non-productive morpheme': found only in lexicalised words and as a building block of other combinations (V{-pallak}V, V{-(j)allak}V, N{kkallak}N) -- those are this repo's own separately-sourced/separately-cited entries (V_pallak_Vb, V_jallak_Vb, N_kkallak_N), not conflated here; this entry documents only the bare root MOFO gives its own detail page.", "STRUCTURAL NOTE for a future split: this affix's 'suddenly/abruptly' gloss reads closer to sentential_affixes.yaml's own V_llaq_Vb ('vivid/surprising action', AITWG-Affixes p.48/50) than to an ordinary verbal_modifiers.yaml entry -- but V_llaq_Vb is a DIFFERENT, independently-sourced q-final stem (citation -llarpoq, q->r weakening), not this k-final one; kept in this file per CLAUDE.md's rule that MOFO-only tail entries always live here regardless of semantic flavor.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source was found for this specific bare k-final V{llak}V root after a real search of docs/affixlist/ and both grammar transcript directories -- only affixes built ON a '-llak' element were found (V{-pallak}V, V{-(j)allak}V, N{kkallak}N), none independently attesting this root as its own standalone morpheme. MOFO's own non-productive tag agrees. The phonemic k-stem analysis remains specifically sourced to MOFO; Kleinschmidt supplies independent historical grammatical evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s suddenly; {{Subject}} ___'s abruptly", "da": "nogen gør det pludselig; nogen gør det brat", "verb_phrase": "___-s suddenly; ___-s abruptly", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s suddenly; {{Actor}} {{verb}}'s abruptly", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s suddenly; {{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s abruptly" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ pludselig; nogen ___ brat", "composition": { "en": "___-s suddenly; ___-s abruptly", "da": "___ pludselig; ___ brat" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ pludselig; ___ brat" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anillappoq", "natural": "it gets out (suddenly); escapes (MOFO's own example, cited there to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 [CWSL58], from anivoq, 'he exits')" }, { "surface": "kimillappaa", "natural": "he gives him a scratch; tears a hole in his skin (MOFO's own example, cited there to Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 [CWSL58])" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/llak", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-llappoq#e10025", "Kleinschmidt1871:anillappoq", "Oqaatsit1997:anillappoq#e1469", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anillappoq#e1441" ], "id": "V_llak_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nni_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S looks like/appears to be Vb'ing (a handful of lexicalised forms only, probably restricted to stems denoting a state of being)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_nni_Vb:01cdbc54d3ea", "items": [ { "text": "S looks like/appears to be Vb'ing (a handful of lexicalised forms only, probably restricted to stems denoting a state of being)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/nni", "Kleinschmidt1871:eqiannivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:iteqqaannivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iteqqaannivoq" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nni", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Incoming attachment is phonotactically truncative under AITWG Definition 2.4 because the fixed morphemic form begins with two consonants. MOFO's Default label includes this predictable behavior; it does not mean additive in every entry. This does not make the lexicalized affix productive or establish new outgoing stem rules.", "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {nni} (vowel-final host). MOFO's own text: 'This is a non-productive morpheme found in some lexicalised words... presumably only used with stems denoting a state of being.' MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag is present on this affix's page.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes corroboration found after a real search for the bare root ('nni'/'-nnivoq') or either of MOFO's own cited example words (eqiannivoq, iteqqaannivoq) in both transcribed extracts and AITWG-Affixes' own chapters; all raw string hits for 'nni' were coincidental (the common possessive-locative/ablative-plural nominal ending, or the unrelated -nnippoq HTR-morpheme).", "DISAMBIGUATION from two other, coincidentally similar-looking 'nni' strings already documented in this repo's data: (1) the impersonal person-marker component {nni} inside the unrelated sentential pseudo-affix V{gaanni} (kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml), and (2) the HTR-morpheme V{nnək}V/-nnippoq (see this batch's own nnək candidate) -- three separate morphemes, not variants of one another." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} looks like ___-ing; {{Subject}} appears to be ___-ing", "da": "nogen ser ud til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "look like ___-ing; appear to be ___-ing", "en_short": "{{Subject}} looks like ___-ing; {{Subject}} appears to be ___-ing", "da_short": "nogen ser ud til at ___", "composition": { "en": "look like ___-ing; appear to be ___-ing", "da": "ser ud til at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "ser ud til at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eqiannivoq", "natural": "he looks lazy/slow/slack (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; lexicalised, base not independently attested; cf. eqiagaa, 'he is loth to do it')" }, { "surface": "iteqqaannivoq", "natural": "he looks drowsy/half-awake/bleary-eyed (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from iterpoq, 'he wakes up' -- the middle segment is unclear)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "MOFO:vv/nni", "Kleinschmidt1871:eqiannivoq#e1626", "Oqaatsit1997:iteqqaannivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iteqqaannivoq" ], "id": "V_nni_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qqissi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S has become more Vb'ing (after being less so for a while); non-productive, found only in a handful of lexicalised forms", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_qqissi_Vb:9e9fa331d80c", "items": [ { "text": "S has become more Vb'ing", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/nqiksi", "Kleinschmidt1871:peqqissivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:peqqissivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:peqqissivoq" ], "rationale": "The cited Oqaatsit and Oqaasileriffik peqqissivoq rows say “has become healthy/recovered”; Kleinschmidt explicitly adds “again” and “better than before.” The parenthetical explains the change-of-state reading." }, { "text": "after being less so for a while); non-productive, found only in a handful of lexicalised forms", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "S has become more Vb'ing", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/nqiksi", "Kleinschmidt1871:peqqissivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:peqqissivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:peqqissivoq" ], "rationale": "The cited Oqaatsit and Oqaasileriffik peqqissivoq rows say “has become healthy/recovered”; Kleinschmidt explicitly adds “again” and “better than before.” The parenthetical explains the change-of-state reading." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqissi", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Bracket V{nqiksi}V = V{nqik}V ('completely/very Vb'ing') + V{si}V ('has become Vb'ing') per MOFO's own analysis -- a lexicalized fusion, not itself independently attested as a live derivation. MOFO's own text: 'not mentioned in Oqaatsit [CBBJRPIKJR97], so it is likely not used productively nowadays, but it is found in some lexicalised constructions.' MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag is present on this affix's page.", "qq-initial cluster: the bracket's leading 'n' (as in this repo's sibling V_qqik_Vb, V{nqik}V) never surfaces -- the attested citation is plain '-qqissivoq', matching the already-established V_qqik_Vb/V_qqinnaaq_Vb/V_qqissaaq_Vb precedent of dropping MOFO's own phonemic leading /n/ in favour of the actually-attested surface 'qq-'.", "AMBIGUITY, not treated as independent corroboration: Nielsen2012's own §5.3.3.7 entry '+si- 3' ('er blevet mere vb-et', 'has become more Vb-ed', glossed 'ikke så produktivt'/'not very productive') shares the SAME worked example as MOFO's own page (peqqippoq -> peqqissivoq), but Nielsen segments it as a bare '+si-' attaching onto an already-qqik-final base (peqqi-), not as MOFO's own single fused nqik+si affix -- a genuine, unresolved segmentation disagreement between the two sources, not asserted here as confirmed corroboration of this specific compound, and not sufficient to override MOFO's own non-productive classification for tiering purposes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has become more ___-ing (after being less so)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} has become more {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} has become more {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "nogen er blevet mere sådan", "verb_phrase": "have become more ___-ing (after being less so for a while); non-productive, found only in a handful of lexicalised forms", "da_short": "nogen er blevet mere sådan", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er blevet mere sådan" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "peqqissivoq", "natural": "she has become better (after an illness); she is now well (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from the dummy stem {pi}V, giving the pure meaning of the affix)" }, { "surface": "erseqqissivoq", "natural": "it has become more visible; clearer (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from erserpoq, 'it becomes visible')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/nqiksi", "Kleinschmidt1871:peqqissivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:peqqissivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:peqqissivoq" ], "id": "V_qqissi_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_nekit_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S Vb's a little, to a low degree (often also implying 'characteristically/habitually' Vb's only a little)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_nekit_Vb:36e9a89edece", "items": [ { "text": "S Vb's a little, to a low degree (often also implying 'characteristically/habitually' Vb's only a little)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atanikippoq#e2244", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atanikippoq#e2204", "MOFO:vv/nəkit", "Rasmussen1893:atanikippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:atanikippoq#e2243", "SchultzLorentzen1927:atanikippoq#e2464" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+nikit", "right_sandhi": "archaic_ts_assibilation", "notes": [ "English modern e2203 describes not interacting much with others, whereas Danish e2243 and historical English e2464 concern only loose/small connection. Do not use the social-interaction row as proof of the physical attachment example. The second modern pair e2244/e2204 independently attests connection to mainland by a narrow strip; it is a lexicalized example, not a general productive social or landform rule.", "Bracket V{nəkit}V = V{nəq}N (abstract participle) + N{-kit}V (this repo's own N_kit_Vb, 'has few/little N'); MOFO records it as its own lexicalized dictionary entry, the verbal-side counterpart of N_kit_Vb and the direct antonym of this repo's own V_nertu_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml), whose own notes already flag this exact affix by name ('V{nəkit}V, the antonym (\"is greatly disinclined to Vb\")') as not yet modeled -- this entry fills that previously-flagged gap.", "underlying_form '+nikit' respells the medial schwa as 'i', directly attested by MOFO's own citation '+nikippoq' (nikit + poq, with the expected t+p -> pp assimilation).", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes corroboration found after a real search for the bare root ('nikip'/'nekit') or any of MOFO's own three cited example words (allornikippoq, tunnganikippoq, atanikippoq) in both transcribed extracts and AITWG-Affixes' own chapters; none found.", "right_sandhi:archaic_ts_assibilation matches MOFO's own literal 'tð⇒ts' facet for this t-final affix (cross-reference only, not independently re-derived)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_nekit_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s a little (to a low degree)", "da": "nogen gør det lidt (i lav grad)", "verb_phrase": "___-s a little (to a low degree) (often also implying 'characteristically/habitually' ___-s only a little)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s a little (to a low degree)", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s a little (to a low degree)" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ lidt (i lav grad)", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ lidt (i lav grad)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "allornikippoq", "natural": "he (characteristically) takes small steps (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from allorpoq, 'he takes a step')" }, { "surface": "atanikippoq", "natural": "it is only barely attached (to something) (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871; from atavoq, 'it is attached (to something)')" }, { "surface": "atanikippoq", "natural": "is connected to the mainland by a narrow strip (modern Danish e2244 and English e2204; lexicalized landform use)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atanikippoq#e2244", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atanikippoq#e2204", "MOFO:vv/nəkit", "Rasmussen1893:atanikippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:atanikippoq#e2243", "SchultzLorentzen1927:atanikippoq#e2464" ], "id": "V_nekit_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qqunarsi_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Actor is decreed/told to be worthy of being Vb'ed (an opaque, lexicalized compound built on the same 'bid/ask' root as this repo's V_qqu_Vb family, verbal_extenders.yaml)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_qqunarsi_Vb:6f16d983722b", "items": [ { "text": "Actor is decreed/told to be worthy of being Vb'ed (an opaque, lexicalized compound built on the same 'bid/ask' root as this repo's V_qqu_Vb family, verbal_extenders.yaml)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/tqunaqsi", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqunarsi", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {tqunaqsi}, a lexicalised combination of V{tqu}V ('bid/ask', this repo's own V_qqu_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml) + V{naq}V + V{si}V, recorded by MOFO as its own dictionary entry (sourced there to Nielsen 2019 only) rather than a live derivation.", "qq-initial cluster: same AITWG:§2.3/§2.4 phonotactic-truncativity grounding already used for this repo's V_qqu_Vb/V_qqunngit_Vb/V_qqusaar_Vb siblings (verbal_extenders.yaml), overriding MOFO's own generic 'Default' left-sandhi facet label for this entry, matching how those three sibling entries already treat the same qq- onset.", "Tiered 'tail' under CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity hybrid policy strictly because MOFO itself tags this affix non-productive (Tags: Stem categorisation / Non-productive morpheme) -- NOT for lack of independent corroboration, which does exist (see pedagogy note); filed here per the policy's own instruction that the destination_file is always this MOFO-derived file for tail entries, regardless of independent sourcing found." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} is decreed to be worthy of being ___-ed; {{Actor}} is told to be worthy of being ___-ed", "da": "nogen erklæres værdig til at blive gjort det ved", "verb_phrase": "be decreed/told to be worthy of being ___-ed (an opaque, lexicalized compound built on the same 'bid/ask' root as this repo's V_qqu_Vb family, verbal_extenders.yaml)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is decreed to be worthy of being {{verb:past}}; {{Actor}} is told to be worthy of being {{verb:past}}", "past": "{{Actor}} is decreed to be worthy of being {{verb:past}}; {{Actor}} is told to be worthy of being {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "nogen erklæres værdig til at blive ___", "composition": { "en": "be decreed to be worthy of being ___-ed; be told to be worthy of being ___-ed", "da": "erklæres værdig til at blive ___ ved" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "erklæres værdig til at blive ___ ved" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated despite the tail tiering: Nielsen2012's own '÷qqunarsi-' entry (§5.3.2.3.2, the same subsection this file's sibling V_qqusaa_Vb entry's own citation is drawn from) is glossed 'sbj tilsiges vb-ethed' ('subject is decreed/told to be Vb-ness'), a close match to MOFO's own gloss.", "examples": [ { "surface": "perloqqunarsivoq", "natural": "he is cursed (Nielsen2012's example, matching MOFO's own citation form, from perluppoq, 'he suffers misfortune')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/tqunaqsi", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2" ], "id": "V_qqunarsi_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_titaar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Agent lets Patient Vb in stages (an old, seemingly lexicalized combination of this repo's existing V_titer_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml, with a further -aq extension)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_titaar_Vb:58073e3e36e1", "items": [ { "text": "Agent lets Patient Vb in stages (an old, seemingly lexicalized combination of this repo's existing V_titer_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml, with a further -aq extension)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/tətəaq", "Petersen1967:-titaarpoq" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-titaar", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {tətəaq}, a combination of V{tətəq}V (this repo's own V_titer_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml) and V{-aq}V; MOFO's own text notes the /əa/ -> [aa] surface fusion 'must be old, since stem-internal /ə/ normally do not change their sound' even when a following morpheme changes.", "REAL independent-source search performed, not a token grep-and-give-up: MOFO's own Sources field cites only FAJN19 (Nielsen), and its own form_and_usage text explicitly attributes the meaning/example to Nielsen -- but grepping docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/ for 'titaar' and the cited example word 'immikkoortitaarpai' found no matching headword; the only 'titaar' hits in the transcribed extract (nunaatitaarpoq, angutaatitaarpoq, pequtitaarpoq) are an unrelated denominal '-titaar-, has (recently) gotten a new N' construction, not this affix. No independent corroboration was found in material available in this repo; MOFO's own Nielsen attribution may point to material outside the transcribed extract.", "t(ə)-stem-truncative left-sandhi sub-case: MOFO's own facet is the same 't-truncative' pattern already documented on this repo's V_titer_Vb/V_tit_Vb (schwa_buffered_truncative), but no worked example on a consonant-final host was found for THIS specific -aq-extended form; not asserted as a field value here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_titaar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patient}} lets {{Agent}} ___ in stages", "da": "nogen lader nogen gøre det i etaper", "verb_phrase": "let {{Agent}} ___ in stages (an old, seemingly lexicalized combination of this repo's existing V_titer_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml, with a further -aq extension)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} lets {{Patient}} {{verb}} in stages", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} lets {{Patient}} {{verb:3sg}} in stages" }, "da_short": "nogen lader nogen ___ i etaper", "composition": { "en": "let {{Patient}} ___ in stages", "da": "lader nogen ___ i etaper" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "lader nogen ___ i etaper" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immikkoortitaarpai", "natural": "he groups them (MOFO's sole cited example, from immikkoorput, 'they are separate')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/tətəaq", "Petersen1967:-titaarpoq" ], "id": "V_titaar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kkaar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent lets/causes Patient to Vb (a non-productive, lexicalized extended form of the equally non-productive V_kkaq_Vb below, presumably with a further -aq)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_kkaar_Vb:3e0ea628b5ba", "items": [ { "text": "Agent lets/causes Patient to Vb (a non-productive, lexicalized extended form of the equally non-productive V_kkaq_Vb below, presumably with a further -aq)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/vkaaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ulikkaarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ulikkaarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulikkaarpoq" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkaar", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {vkaaq}, an extended form of {vkaq}V (this repo's own V_kkaq_Vb, in this same file) 'presumably with V{-aq}V' per MOFO's own hedge ('It is not clear what the second component contributes to the meaning').", "MOFO's own gloss history is disputed even within its own sourcing: Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58] translates this as 'far and wide', a reading MOFO itself flags as not making sense and likely an artifact of that same dictionary's own (also-doubted) translation of the base V_kkaq_Vb; MOFO instead uses the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's causative reading for both entries, an inherited uncertainty flagged here rather than treated as settled fact.", "REAL independent-source search performed: grepped docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'kkaar'/'kaar-' -- no headword or matching example found in either transcribed extract. No independent corroboration found." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_kkaar_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} lets {{Agent}} to ___; {{Actor}} causes {{Patient}} to ___", "da": "nogen lader nogen til at gøre det; nogen får nogen til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "let {{Agent}} to ___; cause {{Patient}} to ___", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} lets {{Patient}} to {{verb}}; {{Actor}} causes {{Patient}} to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} lets {{Patient}} to {{verb:3sg}}; {{Actor}} causes {{Patient}} to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen lader nogen til at ___; nogen får nogen til at ___", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "lader nogen til at ___; får nogen til at ___" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ulikkaarpaa", "natural": "he fills it (MOFO's sole cited example, lexicalised, from {ulət}V, ulippoq, 'it is high tide')" }, { "surface": "ulikkaarpoq", "natural": "it is filled (intransitive form of ulikkaarpaa, with a passive reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/vkaaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ulikkaarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ulikkaarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulikkaarpoq" ], "id": "V_kkaar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kkaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent lets/causes Patient to Vb (used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme, the meaning becomes passive: Patient is Vb'ed)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_kkaq_Vb:12cdf02d1ff9", "items": [ { "text": "Agent lets/causes Patient to Vb (used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme, the meaning becomes passive: Patient is Vb'ed)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/vkaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ikikkarpaa#e2000", "Oqaatsit1997:ikikkarpaa#e3659", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikikkarpaa#e3516" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-kkar", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {vkaq}, a non-productive affix found only in a few lexicalised words. Kleinschmidt [SK71] and Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58] gloss it 'Subject Vb's entirely; through-and-through', but MOFO's own text says this reading is unclear from their own examples; MOFO instead follows the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's [MFSJLK10] reconstruction of a causative morpheme {vkaʀ-} ('cause/let'), the same core function this repo's own productive V_tit_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) now serves -- this repo follows MOFO's corrected causative reading, flagging the same inherited uncertainty MOFO itself notes rather than treating either dictionary's gloss as settled fact.", "MOFO records this affix's diathesis as patientive/non-agent-preserving, the same intransitive-without-HTR-is-passive pattern V_tit_Vb documents for its own causative semantics; none of MOFO's own three cited dictionaries record a distinct HTR-form for this affix.", "REAL independent-source search performed: grepped docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ for 'kkar-'/'vkar-' and for the cited example words (ikikkarpaa, pikkarpaa, puikkarpoq) -- the only hits found (nakkarpoq 'falls down', ilikkarpoq 'has learned something') are unrelated lexicalised stems sharing only the bare 'kkar' substring, not this affix. No independent corroboration found.", "The exact modern ikikkarpaa rows attest burns it; Klein additionally describes burning through. They do not settle the competing general causative versus through-and-through analyses or approve productive attachment." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_kkaq_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} lets {{Agent}} to ___; {{Actor}} causes {{Patient}} to ___; or, {{Patient}} is ___-ed", "da": "nogen lader nogen til at gøre det; nogen får nogen til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "let {{Agent}} to ___; cause {{Patient}} to ___ (used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme, the meaning becomes passive: {{Patient}} is ___-ed)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} lets {{Patient}} to {{verb}}; {{Actor}} causes {{Patient}} to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} lets {{Patient}} to {{verb:3sg}}; {{Actor}} causes {{Patient}} to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da_short": "nogen lader nogen til at ___; nogen får nogen til at ___", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "lader nogen til at ___; får nogen til at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikikkarpaa", "natural": "he burns it up (MOFO's example, lexicalised, from ikivaa, 'he burns it; sets it alight')" }, { "surface": "puikkarpoq", "natural": "there is a mirage (MOFO's example, lexicalised, from puivoq, 'it appears out of the water', literally 'it is caused to appear out of the water')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/vkaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ikikkarpaa#e2000", "Oqaatsit1997:ikikkarpaa#e3659", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikikkarpaa#e3516" ], "id": "V_kkaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qqartor_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject (habitually) barely/rarely Vb's (the habitual counterpart of this repo's existing V_qqaq_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_qqartor_Vb:3ce92420d8e0", "items": [ { "text": "Subject (habitually) barely/rarely Vb's (the habitual counterpart of this repo's existing V_qqaq_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/vqaqtuq", "Oqaatsit1997:-qqartorpoq" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqartor", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {vqaqtuq}, a combination of V{vqaq}V (this repo's own V_qqaq_Vb, this same file, 'barely Vb') and the non-productive habitual/repeated-action affix V{tuq}V (not independently modeled in this repo).", "qq-initial cluster, same AITWG:§2.3/§2.4 phonotactic-truncativity grounding already asserted on V_qqaq_Vb and the qqu- family in verbal_extenders.yaml.", "REAL independent-source search performed: MOFO's own Sources field cites 'FAJN19, Under -qqar-' (i.e. Nielsen mentions this only as a sub-example under the ÷qqar- headword, not its own entry) -- but grepping docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/5.3.3-verbalgraduerende-tilhaeng.md's own ÷qqar- entry (§5.3.3.1, already cited on V_qqaq_Vb) and the wider corpus for 'qqartor'/'qartorpoq' found no matching example; the only hits (eqqartorpaat, 'they discuss it') are an unrelated lexicalised word. No independent corroboration was confirmed in material available in this repo; MOFO's own Nielsen attribution may point to material outside the transcribed extract." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} barely ___'s; {{Subject}} rarely ___'s", "da": "nogen gør det sjældent; nogen gør det næsten aldrig", "verb_phrase": "barely ___-s; rarely ___-s", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} barely {{verb}}'s; {{Actor}} rarely {{verb}}'s", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} barely {{verb:3sg}}'s; {{Actor}} rarely {{verb:3sg}}'s" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ sjældent; nogen ___ næsten aldrig", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ sjældent; ___ næsten aldrig" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nereqqartorpoq", "natural": "he barely eats; he does not eat much (MOFO's example, from nerivoq, 'he eats')" }, { "surface": "sineqqartorpoq", "natural": "he barely sleeps; he never sleeps properly (MOFO's example, from sinippoq, 'he sleeps')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/vqaqtuq", "Oqaatsit1997:-qqartorpoq" ], "id": "V_qqartor_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_junnaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject probably Vb's (epistemic modality: 'it must be assumed that Subject Vb's')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+junnar", "allomorphs": { "alveolar_final_stem": "+kunnar" }, "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {yuknaq}, distinct from this repo's existing V_junnaiq_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml, 'Vb's no more/longer', MOFO id yuknaiq) despite the shared yukna- substring -- two different morphemes, not conflated.", "Tiered 'tail' under CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity hybrid policy because MOFO itself tags this affix non-productive (Tags: Stem categorisation / Non-productive morpheme), noting its own productive variant is a separate MOFO entry, V{yuknaqsi}V (not in this batch) -- NOT for lack of independent corroboration, which does exist (see pedagogy note); filed here per the policy's own instruction that the destination_file is always this MOFO-derived file for tail entries.", "STRUCTURALLY RESEMBLES THE SENTENTIAL CHAPTER, flagged per this file's own header instruction for such cases: Nielsen2012 files the identical affix (as one shared headword covering both the bare and -si-extended forms) under §5.4.2 'Vb_ep Epistemisk modalitet' (Epistemic modality) -- AITWG-Affixes Chapter 8's own 'V{modality}V' subgroup, i.e. kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml's own scope, not this file's ordinary verbal_modifier scope. Kept here per the tail-tier destination rule rather than moved to sentential_affixes.yaml, so a future split (once/if independent corroboration is judged sufficient to promote this to core) should route it there instead." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} probably ___'s (it must be assumed)", "da": "nogen gør det sikkert (formodning)", "verb_phrase": "probably ___-s (epistemic modality: 'it must be assumed that {{Subject}} ___-s')", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} probably {{verb}}'s", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} probably {{verb:3sg}}'s" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ sikkert", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ sikkert (formodning)" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated despite the tail tiering: Nielsen2012's own '+junnar(si)-, +kunnar- efter konsonant' entry (§5.4.2) is glossed 'vb-e sandsynligvis, nok, forhåbentlig' ('Vb probably, presumably, hopefully'), a close match to MOFO's own gloss, and groups this bare form together with its own -si-extended variant under one headword (Nielsen does not itself flag the bare form as separately non-productive from the -si- form, a real tension with MOFO's own productivity claim, recorded but not resolved here).", "examples": [ { "surface": "matujunnarpaa", "natural": "he probably closes it (Nielsen2012's example, from matuaa, 'he closes it')" }, { "surface": "peqqikkunnarpoq", "natural": "she is hopefully well (Nielsen2012's example, from peqqippoq, 'she is well' -- illustrating the +kunnar- consonant-stem allomorph)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/yuknaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2" ], "id": "V_junnaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_tigi_passive_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Agent is Vb'ed by Patient (reverses the Agent/Patient roles of the base stem via a passive-like construction, without omitting either role -- literally 'Patient is the one who Vb's Agent')", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_tigi_passive_Vb:25f57ac4c718", "items": [ { "text": "Agent is Vb'ed by Patient (reverses the Agent/Patient roles of the base stem via a passive-like construction, without omitting either role -- literally 'Patient is the one who Vb's Agent')", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/ðəgə", "Kleinschmidt1871:asasigaa", "SchultzLorentzen1926:malitsigaa" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+tigi", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis {ðəgə} is a straightforward combination of the active participle V{ðə}N and the verbal possessive N{-gə}V ('Patient is Agent's N'), which switches the Agent/Patient roles of the underlying stem: asavara, 'I love him' (1sg Agent/3sg Patient, ending V{vara}) vs. asasigaanga, 'he has me as his lover' = 'I am loved by him' (3sg Agent/1sg Patient, ending V{vaaŋa}) -- the same relationship, roles switched.", "DISAMBIGUATION -- surface homograph, different morpheme: not the same affix as this repo's existing V_tiga_Vb (bracket 'tigə', t-initial, 'is as Vb as s.t.', a comparative) or V_qatigi_Vb/V_utigi_Vb (both '-qat-'/'-ut-'-prefixed 'together with' compounds), despite all surfacing as some form of '-tigaa'/'-tigi-' in the modern orthography. MOFO's own bracket form here is ð-initial ('ðəgə'), not t-initial, and its passive-role-reversal meaning is unrelated to any of those three. No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific sense after checking all three under 'tigaa', '-gaa', and related passive-construction terms.", "No independent source found after a real search -- tail tier per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "V_tigi_passive_Vb", "kind": "valency_bearing_derivation", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Agent}} is ___-ed by {{Agent}} ({{Patient}} is the one who ___'s {{Patient}})", "da": "nogen bliver gjort det ved af nogen", "verb_phrase": "be ___-ed by {{Agent}} (reverses the {{Patient}}/{{Patient}} roles of the base stem via a passive-like construction, without omitting either role -- literally '{{Agent}} is the one who ___-s {{Patient}}')", "en_short": "{{Patient}} is ___-ed by {{Agent}}", "da_short": "nogen bliver ___ af nogen", "composition": { "da": "bliver ___ ved af nogen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver ___ ved af nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "asasigaa", "natural": "he is loved by him (from asavaa, 'he loves him')" }, { "surface": "sinnersigaa", "natural": "he is replaced by him (from sinnerpaa, 'he replaces him')" }, { "surface": "malitsigaa", "natural": "he is followed by him (from malippaa, 'he follows him')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ðəgə", "Kleinschmidt1871:asasigaa", "SchultzLorentzen1926:malitsigaa" ], "id": "V_tigi_passive_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ngiluaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject hardly Vb's" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngiluar", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "Bracket ŋŋiluaq; built on the negation root V{ŋŋit}V (this repo's own V_ngngit_Vb, sentential_affixes.yaml) plus a non-productive affix V{-luaq}V (not itself modeled in this repo, with a meaning MOFO itself describes as 'rather complicated'). Per MOFO, mentioned by both Kleinschmidt [SK71] and Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58] under the entry for -luarpoĸ, and by the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary under {tluk-}.", "MOFO's own explicit non-productive tag applies to this entry. No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source was found for this specific compound after a real search -- tail tier per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} hardly ___'s", "da": "nogen gør det næsten ikke", "verb_phrase": "hardly ___-s", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} hardly {{verb}}'s", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} hardly {{verb:3sg}}'s" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ næsten ikke", "composition": { "en": "hardly ___-s", "da": "___ næsten ikke" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ næsten ikke" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuinngiluaannarpoq", "natural": "it is hardly just visible (from nuivoq, 'it appears/becomes visible', plus V{-(g)innaq}V, 'just')" }, { "surface": "takunngiluaannarpara", "natural": "I hardly just saw it (from takuaa, 'he sees it', plus V{-(g)innaq}V, 'just')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ŋŋiluaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-luarpoq#e9852" ], "id": "V_ngiluaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ngitsiar_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "right before Subject Vb'ed (a time expression, used only with transitive participial endings marking a 3sg Object -- semantically empty when the underlying stem is monovalent or avalent)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_ngitsiar_Vb:57e4f3899e58", "items": [ { "text": "right before Subject Vb'ed", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/ŋŋitciaq", "Oqaatsit1997:-nngitsiaraa" ], "rationale": "The cited Oqaatsit -nngitsiaraa row gives examples translated “just before he finished,” “just before it became light,” and “immediately before it rang.” The comma phrase “a time expression” labels the preceding temporal reading; the parentheses add usage restrictions." }, { "text": "a time expression, used only with transitive participial endings marking a 3sg Object -- semantically empty when the underlying stem is monovalent or avalent", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "right before Subject Vb'ed", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/ŋŋitciaq", "Oqaatsit1997:-nngitsiaraa" ], "rationale": "The cited Oqaatsit -nngitsiaraa row gives examples translated “just before he finished,” “just before it became light,” and “immediately before it rang.” The comma phrase “a time expression” labels the preceding temporal reading; the parentheses add usage restrictions." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-nngitsiar", "notes": [ "Bracket ŋŋitciaq (V{ŋŋit}V + V{tciaq}V per MOFO's own constituents field); underlying_form respells the bracket's 'c' as 's', matching this repo's established c/s bracket-vs-citation spelling pattern (e.g. N_ssiaq_N, V_niaqcari_Vb) and MOFO's own citation '-nngitsiaraa'.", "Structurally unusual: always used with a TRANSITIVE participial ending (3sg Object marker), even on monovalent/avalent base stems, where the Object marker refers to nothing -- e.g. qaammanngitsiaraa, 'right before dawn', from the avalent qaammarpoq, 'it becomes light'. This mandatory-ending-class restriction is not modeled as a schema field; recorded in prose only.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source was found for this specific compound after a real search -- tail tier per CLAUDE.md's MOFO Full-Parity Initiative policy." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "right before {{Subject}} ___-ed", "da": "lige før nogen gjorde det", "en_short": { "default": "right before {{Actor}} {{verb:past}}", "past": "right before {{Actor}} {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "lige før nogen gjorde det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ininngitsiaraa", "natural": "just before he finished it (from inerpaa, 'he finishes it')" }, { "surface": "qaammanngitsiaraa", "natural": "right before dawn; right before it became light (from qaammarpoq, 'it becomes light'; the stem is avalent, and neither the Subject nor the Object marker refer to anything)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ŋŋitciaq", "Oqaatsit1997:-nngitsiaraa" ], "id": "V_ngitsiar_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ralak_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject is starting to Vb a little (older sense; likely no longer productive)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ralap", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket form is V{-ralak}V; citation -ralappoq shows k+p -> pp assimilation, the same pattern as this repo's verbal_modifiers.yaml siblings (V_piluk_Vb, V_rujuk_Vb, V_ruluk_Vb, V_pallak_Vb).", "MOFO's own text: this is a verbal variant of N{-ralak}N in the old sense 'a little', meaning 'Subject is starting to Vb a little'; 'this usage is not described in Oqaatsit [CBBJRPIKJR97], so it is likely not productive nowadays' -- MOFO itself tags this affix 'Stem categorisation / Non-productive morpheme'.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 attestation of this V-to-V sense was found after a real search -- only the unrelated nominal sibling N{-ralak}N (this repo's own N_ralak_N, kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml) is independently sourced." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is starting to ___ a little (older sense)", "da": "nogen begynder at gøre det lidt", "verb_phrase": "be starting to ___ a little (older sense; likely no longer productive)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is starting to {{verb}} a little", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} is starting to {{verb:3sg}} a little" }, "da_short": "nogen begynder at ___ lidt", "composition": { "da": "begynder at ___ lidt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "begynder at ___ lidt" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aggeralappoq", "natural": "he is starting to approach (MOFO's example [CWSL58], from aggerpoq, 'he comes/arrives')" }, { "surface": "ingerlaralappoq", "natural": "he is starting to move forward a bit (MOFO's example [CWSL58], from ingerlavoq, 'he goes/moves forward')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/ralak" ], "id": "V_ralak_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_raq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Subject Vb's again and again; with a plural Subject/Object, Subject(s) Vb one (Object) after the other", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_raq_Vb:3ed913a67c35", "items": [ { "text": "Subject Vb's again and again; with a plural Subject/Object, Subject(s) Vb one (Object) after the other", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/raq", "Kleinschmidt1871:tikerarput", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tikerarput" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own bracket form is V{-raq}V; citation -rarpoq/-rarput shows the expected q->r weakening before a vowel-initial ending.", "MOFO tags this affix 'Stem categorisation / Non-productive morpheme'. Per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10, cited by MOFO] it derives from a proto-Inuit root {ʀaq-}, also related there to the (separately unmodeled in this repo) affixes V{-gaq}V and V{-aq}V -- not independently re-verified here.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Bjornum2012 V-to-V attestation was found after a real search. One incidental Nielsen2012 example, userarput ('they all take off their kamiks', §5.3.3), is suggestively similar but was not treated as confirmed corroboration on its own; tail tier stands on MOFO's own non-productive tag regardless.", "Not to be confused with the cross-category nominal sibling N_raq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, bracket {-raq}N, 'an area or part of something, spatially oriented') -- same root, different word-class direction; the false-positive collision this candidate was originally flagged against." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s again and again, one after the other", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s again and again, one after the other", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s again and again, one after the other" }, "da": "nogen gør det igen og igen", "verb_phrase": "___-s again and again; with a plural {{Actor}}, {{Subject}}(s) ___ one after the other; with a plural something, {{Subject}}(s) ___ one after the other; with a plural Object, {{Subject}}(s) ___ one after the other (Object)", "da_short": "nogen ___ igen og igen", "composition": { "da": "___ igen og igen" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ igen og igen" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tigorarpaa", "natural": "he takes it again and again (MOFO's example [CWSL58], from tiguaa, 'he takes it')" }, { "surface": "aallararput", "natural": "they depart, one after the other (MOFO's example [CBBJRPIKJR97], from aallarpoq, 'he departs/travels')" }, { "surface": "tikerarput", "natural": "they arrive one after the other, en masse (MOFO's example [CWSL58], from tikippoq, 'he arrives')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/raq", "Kleinschmidt1871:tikerarput", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tikerarput" ], "id": "V_raq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_rataqe_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject finally Vb'ed (after a long while of not Vb'ing)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-rataqe", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "MOFO's own bracket form is V{-rataqə}V, an explicitly compositional combination of this repo's own V_rataq_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml, '-rataq', 'suddenly, surprisingly') and V_qe_Vb (kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml, '-qe', the bare intensifier V{-qə}V) -- underlying_form '-rataqe' follows V_qe_Vb's own established schwa-respelling precedent (schwa -> 'e') for the shared second component, rather than the citation's own irregularly-contracted schwa-stem surface form '-rataqaaq'.", "MOFO's own text: 'a combination of V{-rataq}V, \"suddenly/surprisingly\", and V{-qə}V, which here appears to emphasise the sense of \"after a while, it finally happened\"' -- recorded by MOFO as its own lexicalised dictionary entry, not merely a live derivation.", "No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 attestation was found after a real search (zero hits of any kind in the material checked for this entry) -- MOFO alone is the source, hence tail tier via the 'no independent source found' clause, even though MOFO itself does not carry a non-productive tag on this specific entry.", "Structurally this entry's own two component morphemes (V_rataq_Vb, V_qe_Vb) both live in sentential_affixes.yaml, not verbal_modifiers.yaml -- flagged here as a future-split candidate per this file's own MOFO-derived-tail convention, but filed here regardless per CLAUDE.md's rule that MOFO-only tail entries always live in this one file." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} finally ___-ed, after a long while", "da": "nogen gjorde det endelig", "verb_phrase": "finally ___-ed (after a long while of not ___-ing)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} finally {{verb:past}}, after a long while", "past": "{{Actor}} finally {{verb:past}}, after a long while" }, "da_short": "nogen gjorde det endelig", "composition": { "da": "___ endelig" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ endelig" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aallarataqaaq", "natural": "finally, he left (MOFO's example [CWSL58], from aallarpoq, 'he left/departed')" }, { "surface": "perataqaara", "natural": "I finally got it (MOFO's example [CWSL58], from pivaa, 'he gets/catches it')" }, { "surface": "aperataqaaq", "natural": "it finally snowed (MOFO's example [SK71], from apivoq, 'it snows')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/rataqə", "Kleinschmidt1871:.ratarpoq" ], "id": "V_rataqe_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_qqaq_distrib_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "Agent Vb's the Patients at length, one by one (distributive-iterative on a plural Patient); a coincidental homograph of this repo's independently-sourced V_qqaq_Vb ('barely Vb'ed, Vb'ed with difficulty', verbal_modifiers.yaml) -- same bracket shape and q->r weakening but MOFO's own sourcing (Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, tentatively tracing to a separate {qqaʀ-} root per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, contra Schultz-Lorentzen's own guess of a shared origin with V{-raq}V) does not connect the two, and the meanings are unrelated", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_qqaq_distrib_Vb:0e7f66ff9a88", "items": [ { "text": "Agent Vb's the Patients at length, one by one", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/qqaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.rarpoq#e9941" ], "rationale": "The cited Kleinschmidt row directly supports the distributive “one by one” reading. The parenthetical scopes that reading to plural patients; the remainder disambiguates a homograph. No second translation is asserted." }, { "text": "distributive-iterative on a plural Patient", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "Agent Vb's the Patients at length, one by one", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/qqaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.rarpoq#e9941" ], "rationale": "The cited Kleinschmidt row directly supports the distributive “one by one” reading. The parenthetical scopes that reading to plural patients; the remainder disambiguates a homograph. No second translation is asserted." }, { "text": "a coincidental homograph of this repo's independently-sourced V_qqaq_Vb ('barely Vb'ed, Vb'ed with difficulty', verbal_modifiers.yaml) -- same bracket shape and q->r weakening but MOFO's own sourcing (Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, tentatively tracing to a separate {qqaʀ-} root per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, contra Schultz-Lorentzen's own guess of a shared origin with V{-raq}V) does not connect the two, and the meanings are unrelated", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "V_qqaq_distrib_Vb", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/qqaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.rarpoq#e9941" ], "rationale": "The cited Kleinschmidt row directly supports the distributive “one by one” reading. The parenthetical scopes that reading to plural patients; the remainder disambiguates a homograph. No second translation is asserted." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-qqar", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Incoming attachment is phonotactically truncative under AITWG Definition 2.4 because the fixed morphemic form begins with two consonants. MOFO's Default label includes this predictable behavior; it does not mean additive in every entry. This does not make the lexicalized affix productive or establish new outgoing stem rules.", "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{qqaq}V (new orthography -qqarpai, old orthography -rĸarpai), q->r weakening before the transitive plural ending -pai, the same regular q-stem sandhi already documented on this repo's (independently-sourced, semantically unrelated) V_qqaq_Vb entry.", "MOFO flags this as non-productive, found in lexicalised words only. Schultz-Lorentzen's own etymological guess (derivation from V{-raq}V, shared with V{-juraq}V/V{-juqtuq}V, AITWG-Affixes' own docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md:159 entry) is explicitly contradicted by the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, which posits an unrelated source root {qqaʀ-} instead -- MOFO records both views without resolving them; recorded here as an open etymological question, not settled.", "ID disambiguated from the pre-existing V_qqaq_Vb (verbal_modifiers.yaml) to avoid a synthetic-ID collision, despite sharing the identical bracket form and underlying_form -- the two are coincidental homographs, not senses of one polysemous affix (see lexical_facts.meaning).", "Direct historical attestation: Kleinschmidt1871's `.rarpoq` entry gives `ilioqqarpai` and glosses the construction as placing many things \"den ene efter den anden\" (one after another), an exact match for this entry's distributive-iterative sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Patients}} ___'s the other {{Agent}} at length, one by one; {{Patient}} ___'s the other things at length, one by one", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s the Patients at length, one by one", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s the Patients at length, one by one" }, "da": "nogen gør det ved dem, en efter en", "verb_phrase": "___-s the other {{Agent}} at length, one by one; ___-s the other things at length, one by one; a coincidental homograph of this repo's independently-sourced V_qqaq_Vb ('barely ___-ed, ___-ed with difficulty', verbal_modifiers.yaml) -- same bracket shape and q->r weakening but MOFO's own sourcing (Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, tentatively tracing to a separate {qqaʀ-} root per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, contra Schultz-Lorentzen's own guess of a shared origin with V{-raq}V) does not connect the two, and the meanings are unrelated", "da_short": "nogen ___ ved dem, en efter en", "composition": { "en": "___-s the {{Patient}} at length, one by one", "da": "___ ved dem, en efter en" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ ved dem, en efter en" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilioqqarpai", "natural": "he places them, one after the other (MOFO's own example, from ilivaa, 'he places it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§2.3", "MOFO:vv/qqaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:iliorarpai, ilioqqarpai#e4395", "SchultzLorentzen1927:iliorarpai, ilioqqarpai#e4395", "Kleinschmidt1871:.rarpoq#e9941" ], "id": "V_qqaq_distrib_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_sa_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S is in a state of having Vb'ed (an intensified/lexicalised stative on monovalent bases; a coincidental homograph of this repo's independently-sourced V_tau_Vb 'stative passive' (verbal_extenders.yaml), which is a wholly different compositional affix, V{-daq}N passive participle + N{-u}V 'be', restricted to divalent bases)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_sa_Vb:3dc6282a68d4", "items": [ { "text": "S is in a state of having Vb'ed (an intensified/lexicalised stative on monovalent bases; a coincidental homograph of this repo's independently-sourced V_tau_Vb 'stative passive' (verbal_extenders.yaml), which is a wholly different compositional affix, V{-daq}N passive participle + N{-u}V 'be', restricted to divalent bases)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/sa", "Kleinschmidt1871:nuisavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:nuisavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuisavoq" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-sa", "left_sandhi": "schwa_buffered_truncative", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{sa}V (new orthography -savoq); per Kleinschmidt and the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary the meaning is 'Subject is in a state of having Vb'ed', similar to (but a separate non-productive affix from) V{-(u)ma}V, V{-ŋa}V, and the productive V{ŋqa}V -- only the last of that family is still productive today.", "MOFO explicitly analyzes kipisavoq from kipippoq and qiisavoq from qiippoq as t-stem truncation examples. The source nevertheless calls the broader t-truncative classification a hypothesis because examples are scarce, and reports q-stem behavior unknown. Its k-stem evidence concerns derived -saar, not bare -sa. The inherited left_sandhi:schwa_buffered_truncative field is retained pending a narrower representation; the generic facet description does not independently attest te buffering for this nonproductive affix.", "Non-productive, found only in a handful of lexicalised words; not to be confused with this repo's own V_tau_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml, bracket V{-daq}N+N{-u}V, 'stative passive', divalent-base-only) despite the coincidental underlying_form overlap ('+saa'/'-taa'/'-gaa' vs. this entry's plain '-sa') -- different composition, different meaning, different valency restriction." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is in a state of having ___-ed (intensified)", "da": "nogen er i en tilstand af at have gjort det", "verb_phrase": "be in a state of having ___-ed (an intensified/lexicalised stative on monovalent bases; a coincidental homograph of this repo's independently-sourced V_tau_Vb 'stative passive' (verbal_extenders.yaml), which is a wholly different compositional affix, V{-daq}N passive participle + N{-u}V 'be', restricted to divalent bases)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is in a state of having {{verb:past}}", "past": "{{Actor}} is in a state of having {{verb:past}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er i en tilstand af at have gjort det", "composition": { "en": "be in a state of having ___-ed", "da": "er i en tilstand af at have ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er i en tilstand af at have ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuisavoq", "natural": "it stands out (from behind something); it is visible (MOFO's own example, lexicalised, from nuivoq, 'it appears (from behind something)')" }, { "surface": "kipisavoq", "natural": "he is longing greatly for something (MOFO's own example, lexicalised, from kipippoq, 'he greatly longs for something')" }, { "surface": "qiisavoq", "natural": "he burns with desire for something (MOFO's own example, lexicalised, from qiippoq, 'he longs for something')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/sa", "Kleinschmidt1871:.-savoq#e9986", "Oqaatsit1997:kipisavoq#e6532", "Oqaatsit1997:qiisavoq#e12963", "Kleinschmidt1871:nuisavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:nuisavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuisavoq" ], "id": "V_sa_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_si_become_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S has become (more) Vb'ing (inchoative, restricted to stems denoting a state of being); a coincidental new-orthography homograph of this repo's own V_si_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, HTR half-transitivising '-si-' from bracket {ði}) -- per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary this is instead a non-productive variant of V{li}V ('become more Vb'ing'), presumably generalised from t-stem replacive contexts into its own bracket {si}", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_si_become_Vb:0814cd310b64", "items": [ { "text": "S has become (more) Vb'ing (inchoative, restricted to stems denoting a state of being); a coincidental new-orthography homograph of this repo's own V_si_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, HTR half-transitivising '-si-' from bracket {ði}) -- per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary this is instead a non-productive variant of V{li}V ('become more Vb'ing'), presumably generalised from t-stem replacive contexts into its own bracket {si}", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/si", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "Kleinschmidt1871:peqqissivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:peqqissivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:peqqissivoq", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:-:sivoq#e15905" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-si", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{si}V (new orthography +sivoq), distinct from V{ði}V (this repo's own V_si_Vb, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) -- the two merge to identical new-orthography spelling ('-si-') only because /s/ and /ð/ are both spelt 's' in the new orthography (the same fact V_si_Vb's own notes already record), but MOFO files them as two separate dictionary pages with unrelated etymologies and no cross-reference between them.", "Only used on stems denoting a state of being (including adjectival stems), per MOFO's own restriction, matching V{li}V's identical restriction.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sivoq v-v corroborates this stative inchoative with ajorsivoq, ajornarsivoq, kusanarsivoq and taarsivoq. Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7 +si- 3 explicitly limits it to stative verbs and says not very productive; that qualification is distinct from the separately attributed MOFO nonproductive flag. Oqaatsit1997:-:sivoq#e15905 is the o-o inchoative row, unlike the t-o acquisition rows e15904/e15906. This owner already exists: no duplicate V_si_inchoative_Vb is needed. Preserve its existing attachment fields; these source witnesses do not establish a new universal boundary or transitive-causative rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has become (more) ___-ing", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} has become {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} has become {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da": "nogen er blevet (mere) sådan", "verb_phrase": "have become (more) ___-ing (inchoative, restricted to stems denoting a state of being); a coincidental new-orthography homograph of this repo's own V_si_Vb (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, HTR half-transitivising '-si-' from bracket {ði}) -- per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary this is instead a non-productive variant of V{li}V ('become more ___-ing'), presumably generalised from t-stem replacive contexts into its own bracket {si}", "da_short": "nogen er blevet sådan", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er blevet (mere) sådan" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own '+si- 3' entry (§5.3.3.7, 'er blevet mere vb-et; føjes til stative verber; ikke så produktivt; se også {+li- 2}' -- 'has become more Vb-ed; added to stative verbs; not very productive; see also {+li-2}') matches MOFO's own gloss and restriction closely, and independently supplies the identical example word peqqissivoq/peqqippoq used below.", "examples": [ { "surface": "peqqissivoq", "natural": "he has become well (from peqqippoq, 'he is well'; independently attested with the identical word by both MOFO and Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7)" }, { "surface": "ajornarsivoq", "natural": "it is no longer possible (MOFO's own example, from ajornarpoq, 'it is impossible')" }, { "surface": "kusanarsivoq", "natural": "it has become pretty (Nielsen2012's example, from kusanarpoq, 'it is pretty')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/si", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "Kleinschmidt1871:peqqissivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:peqqissivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:peqqissivoq", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +sivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:-:sivoq#e15905" ], "id": "V_si_become_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_suk_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S wants to Vb (in a handful of lexicalised forms); on stems denoting an emotional state, S feels Vb'ing; historically the same component found (non-productively) inside V_rusuk_Vb's own bracket V{(q)gusuk}V, but MOFO records it separately as also surviving bare, in its own distinct lexicalised words", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_suk_Vb:3f9f603e95fe", "items": [ { "text": "S wants to Vb (in a handful of lexicalised forms); on stems denoting an emotional state, S feels Vb'ing; historically the same component found (non-productively) inside V_rusuk_Vb's own bracket V{(q)gusuk}V, but MOFO records it separately as also surviving bare, in its own distinct lexicalised words", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/suk", "Kleinschmidt1871:aliasuppoq", "Oqaatsit1997:aliasuppoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aliasuppoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ernisuppoq#e3195", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ernisuppoq#e3095" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-suk", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{suk}V (new orthography +suppoq, k+p -> pp total assimilation), non-productive, found only in lexicalised constructions -- distinct from, but historically a component of, this repo's own V_rusuk_Vb (verbal_extenders.yaml, bracket V{(q)gusuk}V, 'would like to/desires to Vb'). MOFO cites Kleinschmidt and Schultz-Lorentzen for the 'want to' sense and the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary for a second, apparently unrelated 'feel Vb'ing' sense restricted to emotional-state stems.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for either sense of this bare affix after a real search (Nielsen2012's own historical-affix appendix, §7.3, has two bare cross-references '÷suk- 1, se ÷gug-' and '÷suk- 2, se ÷rusug-' pointing elsewhere without a gloss of their own -- not treated as independent corroboration of MOFO's specific two senses, only recorded as a related, unconfirmed lead).", "The exact modern ernisuppoq rows attest labor pains/contractions, not voluntary desire to give birth. This lexicalised example does not establish productive attachment or independently approve every sense of bare -suk." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} wants to ___; or feels ___-ing (a few lexicalised forms)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} wants to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} wants to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da": "nogen vil gerne gøre det", "verb_phrase": "want to ___ (in a handful of lexicalised forms); on stems denoting an emotional state, {{Subject}} feels ___-ing; historically the same component found (non-productively) inside V_rusuk_Vb's own bracket V{(q)gusuk}V, but MOFO records it separately as also surviving bare, in its own distinct lexicalised words", "da_short": "nogen vil gerne ___", "composition": { "en": "want to ___; on stems denoting an emotional state, {{Subject}} feels ___-ing", "da": "vil gerne ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "vil gerne ___" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ernisuppoq", "natural": "she is having birth pains; she is in travail (MOFO's own example, lexicalised, from ernivoq, 'she gives birth')" }, { "surface": "kamassuppoq", "natural": "he feels angry (MOFO's own example, from kamappoq, 'he is angry')" }, { "surface": "aliasuppoq", "natural": "he feels sorrowful (MOFO's own example; the base is not used on its own, compare aliagaa, 'he mourns it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/suk", "Kleinschmidt1871:aliasuppoq", "Oqaatsit1997:aliasuppoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aliasuppoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ernisuppoq#e3195", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ernisuppoq#e3095" ], "id": "V_suk_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_suu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "S is characteristically Vb'ing (a permanent-quality reading, contrasted with the plain adjectival base's more local/temporary reading); only with adjectival bases that independently take V{suuq}N as their intransitive participle, where it replaces V{ðuu}V", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_suu_Vb:fc78cd3cdbaa", "items": [ { "text": "S is characteristically Vb'ing", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/suu", "Kleinschmidt1871:.tuuvoq#e10051" ], "rationale": "The cited Kleinschmidt .tuuvoq row describes “is one who has great etc.” and compares related forms. The parenthetical states a quality reading and distribution; it elaborates rather than supplies another translation." }, { "text": "a permanent-quality reading, contrasted with the plain adjectival base's more local/temporary reading); only with adjectival bases that independently take V{suuq}N as their intransitive participle, where it replaces V{ðuu}V", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "S is characteristically Vb'ing", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/suu", "Kleinschmidt1871:.tuuvoq#e10051" ], "rationale": "The cited Kleinschmidt .tuuvoq row describes “is one who has great etc.” and compares related forms. The parenthetical states a quality reading and distribution; it elaborates rather than supplies another translation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-suu", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is a lexicalised combination of V{suuq}N (the affix's own intransitive-participle form on the relevant adjectival bases) and N{-u}V ('be'). Non-productive: only used where the base independently forms its participle in -suuq rather than the ordinary -ðuq (this repo's V_soq_N).", "In the new orthography this affix is spelt identically to V{ðuu}V (both surface as '-suu-' on vowel-final stems, since /s/ and /ð/ merge in that spelling) -- the same orthographic-merger fact already documented on this file's own V_si_Vb entry -- but MOFO treats this as a separate, non-productive historical-compatibility-only dictionary entry, not a live alternate spelling of V{ðuu}V.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this specific compositional analysis after a real search; several superficially similar Nielsen2012 '-suu-' hits (e.g. its own '+(r)suu-', 'være en stor/meget N') are the unrelated N{(q)cuaq}N augmentative + N{-u}V compound (already independently documented in this repo as V_torsuu_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml) and are not corroboration of this entry.", "Direct historical attestation: Kleinschmidt1871's `.tuuvoq/.suuvoq` entry defines the family as having a characteristic great quality and gives `itisuuvoq` verbatim, matching MOFO's worked example and its permanent-quality reading." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is characteristically ___-ing (permanent quality)", "da": "nogen er kendetegnende sådan (fast egenskab)", "verb_phrase": "be characteristically ___-ing (a permanent-quality reading, contrasted with the plain adjectival base's more local/temporary reading); only with adjectival bases that independently take V{suuq}N as their intransitive participle, where it replaces V{ðuu}V", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is characteristically {{verb:gerund}}", "gerund": "{{Actor}} is characteristically {{verb:gerund}}" }, "da_short": "nogen er kendetegnende sådan", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er kendetegnende sådan (fast egenskab)" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "itisuuvoq", "natural": "it is (very) deep (MOFO's own example, from itisooq, '(something that is) deep', the intransitive participle of itivoq, 'it is deep')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/suu", "Kleinschmidt1871:.tuuvoq#e10051" ], "id": "V_suu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_taaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S Vb's repeatedly (found only in a handful of lexicalised combinations; MOFO itself gives no worked example)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-taaq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN #588 Batch O; MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML taar_vv_repeatedly.toml (form=taaq), cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML vv/taaq.html (Tags/List/stem/nonproductive); encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation. Closes the mofo-parity searched-not-found disposition for this row without inventing a lexical surface.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{taaq}V (new orthography +taarpoq), non-productive; per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary it derives from a morpheme {ta(C)aʀ-} denoting 'repeated action', itself supposedly derived from V{(t)taq}V, though the present morpheme lacks that source's own epenthetic initial consonant -- MOFO records this etymology as the dictionary's own claim, not independently re-derived here.", "No worked example is given by MOFO for this affix ('as the affix is non-productive, there are no examples'); none is invented here, matching this repo's own established practice (e.g. V_kuluk_Vb, verbal_modifiers.yaml) of not inventing a pedagogy example where the source gives none.", "Distinct from the unrelated N{taaq}N/N{taaq}V 'new N' nominal family and from several longer V->V bracket forms elsewhere in this repo that happen to contain '-taaq-'/'-taar-' as a substring (e.g. V_qqusaar_Vb) -- none of those is the same bare morpheme.", "The earlier searched-not-found conclusion is superseded by Kleinschmidt1871:.-taarpoq#e10018, a dedicated verbal affix row explicitly describing repeated action at more or less regular intervals. Its dictionary punctuation is part of the locator; bare taarpoq darkness and the nominal acquire-new-N family are separate rows. The row supplies no worked host example, so none is invented. Nonproductivity remains the separately cited MOFO classification, not inferred from this dictionary description." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s repeatedly (a few lexicalised combinations)", "da": "nogen gør det gentagne gange", "verb_phrase": "___-s repeatedly (found only in a handful of lexicalised combinations; MOFO itself gives no worked example)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} {{verb}}'s repeatedly", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} {{verb:3sg}}'s repeatedly" }, "da_short": "nogen ___ gentagne gange", "composition": { "en": "___-s repeatedly", "da": "___ gentagne gange" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ gentagne gange" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO gives no worked example for this affix; none is invented here." }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:.-taarpoq#e10018", "MOFO:vv/taaq" ], "id": "V_taaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_tu_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S is highly inclined to Vb (found only in a handful of lexicalised words); a non-productive bare variant of this repo's own V_nertu_Vb ('to Vb greatly/strongly, or be very inclined to Vb', bracket V{nəqtu}V, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml), which MOFO's own text says would normally be used instead nowadays; a cross-category coincidental homograph of the unrelated, independently-sourced N->V affix N_tu_Vb ('to have a big N', denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) is NOT the same affix despite the identical new-orthography spelling", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_tu_Vb:d12bde9be139", "items": [ { "text": "S is highly inclined to Vb (found only in a handful of lexicalised words); a non-productive bare variant of this repo's own V_nertu_Vb ('to Vb greatly/strongly, or be very inclined to Vb', bracket V{nəqtu}V, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml), which MOFO's own text says would normally be used instead nowadays; a cross-category coincidental homograph of the unrelated, independently-sourced N->V affix N_tu_Vb ('to have a big N', denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) is NOT the same affix despite the identical new-orthography spelling", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/tu", "Kleinschmidt1871:piumatuvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:mattuvoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mattuvoq" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tu", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "intransitive_participle_t_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{tu}V (new orthography +tuvoq), a non-productive variant of the productive N{tu}V ('has big/many N') -- but this entry is the V->V sibling MOFO itself distinguishes from that N->V affix (see lexical_facts.meaning); not to be conflated with N_tu_Vb despite the coincidental identical surface spelling in the new orthography, per the cross-category-homograph caution this repo already applies elsewhere (e.g. V_si_Vb vs. N_si_Vb).", "right_sandhi:intransitive_participle_t_elision is MOFO's own literal facet ('the verbal stem forms a noun stem with a meaning similar to the intransitive participle, by adding {-uq}, rather than V{ðuq}N'), the identical facet this file's own V_nertu_Vb entry already populates for the historically related V{nəqtu}V compound -- a second, independent real-data example of the same enum value, this time on the bare, non-productive component rather than the productive compound.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration was found for this bare affix's own specific gloss after a real search; MOFO's own piumatuvoq example cites FAJN19 (Nielsen 2019 ed.), a different edition this repo does not hold, and this repo's own transcribed 2012-edition extracts were not found to independently repeat that specific citation under a bare 'tu' headword, so it is not cited here as independent corroboration." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is highly inclined to ___ (a few lexicalised words)", "en_short": { "default": "{{Actor}} is highly inclined to {{verb}}", "third_singular": "{{Actor}} is highly inclined to {{verb:3sg}}" }, "da": "nogen er meget tilbøjelig til at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "be highly inclined to ___ (found only in a handful of lexicalised words); a non-productive bare variant of this repo's own V_nertu_Vb ('to ___ greatly/strongly, or be very inclined to ___', bracket V{nəqtu}V, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml), which MOFO's own text says would normally be used instead nowadays; a cross-category coincidental homograph of the unrelated, independently-sourced ___->___ affix N_tu_Vb ('to have a big ___', denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) is NOT the same affix despite the identical new-orthography spelling", "da_short": "nogen er meget tilbøjelig til at ___", "composition": { "en": "be highly inclined to ___", "da": "er meget tilbøjelig til at ___" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er meget tilbøjelig til at ___" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "mattuvoq", "natural": "it is tough; hard (MOFO's own example; apparently from a verbal form of {maməkak}N historically {mamə}, with loss of the final /ə/)" }, { "surface": "piumatuvoq", "natural": "he is greedy (MOFO's own example, from piumavoq, 'he wants something'; cf. the combination V{jumatu}V, this repo's own V_jumatu_Vb, verbal_extenders.yaml)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/tu", "Kleinschmidt1871:piumatuvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:mattuvoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mattuvoq" ], "id": "V_tu_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_tuq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S Vb's repeatedly, perceived as a collection of smaller actions rather than simple repetition (contrast this repo's V_tar_Vb, {ðaq}V); on stems indicating a state of being, can also indicate an extended period; non-productive, or only marginally productive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_tuq_Vb:58e445db7356", "items": [ { "text": "S Vb's repeatedly, perceived as a collection of smaller actions rather than simple repetition (contrast this repo's V_tar_Vb, {ðaq}V); on stems indicating a state of being, can also indicate an extended period; non-productive, or only marginally productive", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/tuq", "Kleinschmidt1871:simissorpaa", "Oqaatsit1997:ulissorpaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulissorpaa", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +torpoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.torpoq#e10033", "AITWG-Affixes:p.42" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-tuq", "left_sandhi": "default", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "i": "-suq" }, "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN batch5 nonproductive pass (full-inventory sweep); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML, cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML where the page exists; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is V{tuq}V (new orthography +torpoq), distinct from the bare enclitic *{tuq} ('expression of a wish', this repo's own ENCL_tuq, kalaallisut_data/enclitics.yaml, continuation_class:WORD_FINAL) despite the coincidentally identical citation-form spelling -- an ordinary V_POSTBASE derivational affix, not an enclitic, per MOFO's own categorisation.", "Also distinct from the much larger compound V{-juqtuq}V ('A Vb's all the Ps, one after another', AITWG-Affixes docs/affixlist/7-verbal-modifiers.md:159, already represented by V_juqtuq_Vb in verbal_modifiers.yaml, with the source's plural-patient restriction retained) which MOFO itself cross-references as a near-synonym of a DIFFERENT bare morpheme, V{qqaq}V (see this batch's own V_qqaq_distrib_Vb) -- not this entry.", "The /t/ of this affix assibilates to /s/ after a true /i/ in the host stem (per MOFO's own worked examples below, independently corroborated by Kleinschmidt1871's simissorpaa and both Oqaatsit1997's and this repo's own Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts' ulissorpaa), the same t-to-s rule already documented elsewhere in this repo (e.g. AITWG-Affixes' own consumption-affix footnote, docs/affixlist/5-verbalisers.md:172). Structurally encoded via application_logic.vowel_onset_allomorphs (issue #418's -vik precedent, oq#773 triage) rather than right_sandhi, since it is the HOST stem's own final vowel QUALITY conditioning this affix's own onset, not a fact about this affix's own right edge or its morphology_class.stem_type (which stays uvular_final_stem -- a consonant-class key that could never select this vowel-quality condition).", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +torpoq v-v lists lexicalized many-actions +torpoq/+sorpoq, with halftransitive +tuivoq/+suivoq and akilersorpaa (pays in instalments), atisalersorpoq (puts on several pieces of clothing), and naalakkersuivoq (governs). Kleinschmidt1871:.torpoq#e10033 sense 3 independently distinguishes verbal collections of smaller actions from ordinary habitual repetition and its separate nominal consumption sense. This supports the existing V_tuq_Vb meaning, not N_tuq_eat_Vb. K9 gives additional onset contexts beyond true-i assibilation; retain them as source-qualified prose, not a universal vowel selector or an executable HTR chain." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} ___'s repeatedly, as a collection of smaller actions", "da": "nogen gør det gentagne gange, som en række mindre handlinger", "en_short": { "default": "{{verb}} repeatedly", "third_singular": "{{verb:3sg}} repeatedly", "gerund": "{{verb:gerund}} repeatedly" }, "verb_phrase": "___-s repeatedly, perceived as a collection of smaller actions rather than simple repetition (contrast this repo's V_tar_Vb, {ðaq}V); on stems indicating a state of being, can also indicate an extended period; non-productive, or only marginally productive", "da_short": "nogen ___ gentagne gange, som en række mindre handlinger", "composition": { "da": "___ gentagne gange, som en række mindre handlinger" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "___ gentagne gange, som en række mindre handlinger" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +torpoq v-v independently records the lexicalized many-actions family; its examples include paying in instalments and putting on several pieces of clothing. The examples below remain separately attributed to MOFO and Oqaatsit, not to the K9 example list.", "examples": [ { "surface": "simissorpaa", "natural": "he plugs it carefully (MOFO's own example, from {siməq}V, i.e. simippaa, 'he puts a plug in it'; /t/ assibilated to /s/ by the true /i/ in the stem)" }, { "surface": "ulissorpaa", "natural": "he covers it carefully (MOFO's own example, from {ulik}V, i.e. ulippaa, 'he covers it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/tuq", "Kleinschmidt1871:simissorpaa", "Oqaatsit1997:ulissorpaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulissorpaa", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +torpoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:.torpoq#e10033", "AITWG-Affixes:p.42" ], "id": "V_tuq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_ngaaq2_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S looks a little Vb'ing (a non-productive, lexicalised morpheme distinct from the productive V_ngaaq_Vb, 'Vb greatly, in a high degree' -- MOFO's own page for this entry explicitly notes the two are a different, unrelated morpheme that merely shares an identical citation spelling)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_ngaaq2_Vb:aa59ee16f6ee", "items": [ { "text": "S looks a little Vb'ing", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/-ŋaaq/1", "Rasmussen1893:.ngavoq" ], "rationale": "The cited Rasmussen .ngavoq II row says “resembles/is ...-like” and “to some extent,” matching the low-degree paraphrase. The parenthetical distinguishes the non-productive entry from its homograph; it is explanation, not an option." }, { "text": "a non-productive, lexicalised morpheme distinct from the productive V_ngaaq_Vb, 'Vb greatly, in a high degree' -- MOFO's own page for this entry explicitly notes the two are a different, unrelated morpheme that merely shares an identical citation spelling", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "S looks a little Vb'ing", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/-ŋaaq/1", "Rasmussen1893:.ngavoq" ], "rationale": "The cited Rasmussen .ngavoq II row says “resembles/is ...-like” and “to some extent,” matching the low-degree paraphrase. The parenthetical distinguishes the non-productive entry from its homograph; it is explanation, not an option." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ngaaq", "left_sandhi": "truncative", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN #576 follow-up (held homograph closeout); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML ngaar1_vv_looks-like.toml (form=-ŋaaq/1), cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML vv/-ŋaaq/1.html; numbered-form disambiguation (not bare-form collision) admits the entry; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vv/-ŋaaq/1.html -- a numbered-subdirectory homograph-disambiguation page, not the flat -ŋaaq.html which is the unrelated productive V_ngaaq_Vb) analyses this as V{-ŋa}V + V{-aq}V, tentatively 'resemble' + a diminutive 'a little' sense (cf. V{-laaq}V), while flagging real uncertainty about conflation with those two component affixes; recorded here as MOFO's own tentative etymology, not independently re-derived.", "Left sandhi also carries an MOFO 'Irregular' co-tag alongside 'Truncative', with no further explanation given on the page; only the truncative fact is asserted here, per this repo's practice of not overclaiming beyond what is actually described.", "MOFO's own text: 'the present affix appears to only have been used on stems derived with V{-aq}V' -- a combinatorial restriction, not modeled as a schema field, recorded here in prose only." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} looks a little ___-ing (non-productive)", "da": "nogen ser lidt sådan ud", "verb_phrase": "look a little ___-ing (a non-productive, lexicalised morpheme distinct from the productive V_ngaaq_Vb, '___ greatly, in a high degree' -- MOFO's own page for this entry explicitly notes the two are a different, unrelated morpheme that merely shares an identical citation spelling)", "en_short": "{{Subject}} looks a little ___-ing", "da_short": "nogen ser lidt sådan ud", "composition": { "en": "look a little ___-ing" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "ser lidt sådan ud" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive per MOFO's own tag; MOFO's own two example words were searched for independently (Nielsen2012, Bjornum2012, AITWG-Affixes) and not found under this specific 'looks a little Vb'ing' sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "equngaarpoq", "natural": "it looks a little crooked (MOFO's own example, from equngavoq, 'it is crooked')" }, { "surface": "sissangaarpoq", "natural": "he looks a little bow-legged (MOFO's own example, from sissangavoq, 'he is bow-legged')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/-ŋaaq/1", "Rasmussen1893:.ngavoq" ], "id": "V_ngaaq2_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_saar2_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "S is in a state of Vb'ing a little (a tentative, non-productive lexicalised sense -- distinct from the productive V_saar_Vb, 'A tries to get P to Vb as much as possible', kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml, an unrelated morpheme MOFO itself disambiguates onto a separate numbered page despite the identical bracket form V{saaq}V and citation-spelling collision)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_saar2_Vb:29a41b873005", "items": [ { "text": "S is in a state of Vb'ing a little (a tentative, non-productive lexicalised sense -- distinct from the productive V_saar_Vb, 'A tries to get P to Vb as much as possible', kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml, an unrelated morpheme MOFO itself disambiguates onto a separate numbered page despite the identical bracket form V{saaq}V and citation-spelling collision)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/saaq/1", "Rasmussen1893:ikkarlisaarpoq#e456", "Oqaatsit1997:ikkarlisaarpoq#e3713", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikkarlisaarpoq#e3576", "Oqaatsit1997:avalassaarpoq#e2534", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avalassaarpoq#e2478" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "+saar", "notes": [ "Counterbot PIN #576 follow-up (held homograph closeout); MOFO stem/nonproductive tag read from author-provided mofodata-mirror TOML saar1_vv_state-a-little.toml (form=saaq/1), cross-confirmed in mofo-mirror HTML vv/saaq/1.html; numbered-form disambiguation (not bare-form collision) admits the entry; encoded as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can soft-demote free attachment while keeping the entry for documentation and explicit composition.", "MOFO's own page (mofo-mirror/site/Morphemes/kl/affix/vv/saaq/1.html) is itself uncertain about the etymology: Kleinschmidt [SK71] describes it as V{sa}V ('be in a state of') + V{-laaq}V ('a little'), which MOFO's own author finds implausible (no explanation for the missing /la/) and instead proposes V{sa}V + V{-aq}V, 'here in the sense of a little' -- recorded here as MOFO's own tentative etymology, not independently re-derived.", "Left sandhi is additive by default, except MOFO notes it 'may be truncative' on old t-stems/tə-stems, 'thus removing /t/ or revealing /ə/' -- not asserted as a left_sandhi enum value (no single value here captures an additive-with-a-described-consonant-stem-exception pattern), matching this repo's established practice for the same kind of exception elsewhere (e.g. this file's own V_gi_Vb note).", "underlying_form '+saar' is recovered by stripping the DAKA-form ending from MOFO's own citation form (+saarpoq); the identical surface spelling to the unrelated V_saar_Vb's own underlying_form is a genuine coincidence MOFO's page itself flags, not a shared morpheme.", "Modern paired avalassaarpoq rows attest setting off from shore/to sea, but do not independently specify a little. The attenuative gloss remains MOFO-source-specific, tentative and nonproductive; exact whole-word pins do not corroborate that general affix sense, disputed etymology or new attachment." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is in a state of ___-ing a little (tentative)", "da": "nogen er i en tilstand af at gøre det lidt", "verb_phrase": "be in a state of ___-ing a little (a tentative, non-productive lexicalised sense -- distinct from the productive V_saar_Vb, '{{Actor}} tries to get {{Patient}} to ___ as much as possible', kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_extenders.yaml, an unrelated morpheme MOFO itself disambiguates onto a separate numbered page despite the identical bracket form V{saaq}V and citation-spelling collision)", "en_short": "{{Subject}} is in a state of ___-ing a", "da_short": "nogen er i en tilstand af at ___ lidt", "composition": { "en": "be in a state of ___-ing a little", "da": "er i en tilstand af at ___ lidt" }, "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er i en tilstand af at ___ lidt" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive per MOFO's own tag; searched independently under the worked examples below plus the bare 'saarpoq' spelling (Nielsen2012, Bjornum2012, AITWG-Affixes) -- no independent corroboration found for this specific attenuative sense (the only hits found were for the unrelated denominal 'has acquired N' +saaq/+saarpoq and the unrelated V_saar_Vb/V_sar_Vb 'tries to get P to Vb' senses).", "examples": [ { "surface": "nuisaarpoq", "natural": "it sticks out a bit, from behind something (MOFO's own example, from nuivoq, 'it appears from behind something')" }, { "surface": "avalassaarpoq", "natural": "sets off from shore/to sea (modern paired rows); MOFO separately glosses a little, source-specific and lexicalized, from avalappoq (k-stem)" }, { "surface": "ikkarlisaarpoq", "natural": "a vessel scrapes against the bottom (modern Danish vessel-qualified sense; lexicalised example from ikkarlippoq, hits a reef; general attenuative analysis remains source-specific)" }, { "surface": "pississaarpoq", "natural": "he jumps up and down in the same place (MOFO's own example, lexicalised, from pissippoq, 'he jumps'; k-stem, additive here)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/saaq/1", "Rasmussen1893:ikkarlisaarpoq#e456", "Oqaatsit1997:ikkarlisaarpoq#e3713", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikkarlisaarpoq#e3576", "Oqaatsit1997:avalassaarpoq#e2534", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avalassaarpoq#e2478" ], "id": "V_saar2_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "V_kcamaaq_Vb": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "derivational_affix", "category_shift": "V -> V", "meaning": "Subject intends to Vb, or has plans to Vb (with avalent stems, \"will undoubtedly Vb\")", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_kcamaaq_Vb:0c6289c43d72", "items": [ { "text": "Subject intends to Vb, or has plans to Vb (with avalent stems, \"will undoubtedly Vb\")", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:vv/kcamaaq", "Petersen1951:-gssamârpoĸ", "Petersen1967:-gssamârpoĸ" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "-ssamaar", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is V{kcamaaq}V. MOFO's own Constituents field analyses this as N{kcaq}N (nominal future affix) fused with an unidentified further morpheme -- recorded in prose only, not modeled compositionally, matching this repo's established practice for a MOFO-flagged irregular etymology with no live synchronic derivation mechanism in this schema.", "right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision directly transcribes MOFO's own stated '/aq/ drop' facet, i.e. the affix's own final /aq/ elides before a following vowel-initial ending -- the same value already established on this repo's precedent entries for an /aq/-final affix (see kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to intend to ___; to plan to ___", "da": "subjektet har til hensigt at gøre det; planlægger at gøre det", "verb_phrase": "intend to ___; plan to ___", "en_short": { "default": "intends to {{verb}}" }, "da_short": "har til hensigt at ___", "composition": { "en": "intend to ___; plan to ___" }, "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks the actor's intention or plan to perform the verb, with an added sense of certainty when the base is avalent. Independent corroboration is thin but real: Petersen1951 and Petersen1967 both list siallissamaarpoq as part of a productive -ssamaarpoq paradigm alongside several other parallel forms -- a paradigm-list mention rather than a full independent gloss of the affix's own meaning, so treated as core-tier on balance rather than MOFO-only, but weaker than a dedicated dictionary headword hit.", "examples": [ { "surface": "siallissamaarpoq", "natural": "it will undoubtedly rain (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958; from siallerpoq, 'it rains' -- an avalent stem, hence the 'undoubtedly' reading; the surface form -ssamaarpoq is independently listed by Petersen1951 and Petersen1967 in a paradigm of parallel forms)" }, { "surface": "oqassamaarpoq", "natural": "he intends to speak/say it (from oqarpoq, 'he says'; independently listed in the same Petersen1951/1967 paradigm as siallissamaarpoq above)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:vv/kcamaaq", "Petersen1951:-gssamârpoĸ", "Petersen1967:-gssamârpoĸ" ], "id": "V_kcamaaq_Vb", "category": "verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived" } ], "ENCL_aa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "vocative enclitic: 'O ...' (direct address)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+aa", "host_boundary_operations": [ "nasalize_preceding_stop" ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ENCL_aa_vocative", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.53", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K5§2" ], "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "addressed_host", "scope": "unknown", "value": "vocative direct address", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.53", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K5§2" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "O ___! (direct address)", "da": "O ___! (direkte tiltale)", "en_short": "O ___!", "da_short": "O ___!", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks direct address. AITWG-Affixes tentatively suggests formal or solemn use; retain that uncertainty rather than restricting all uses. Dictionary and Bjornum call-outs such as uumaak-aa independently support ordinary attention-calling address. Nielsen2012's own '+aa' entry independently glosses it as marking address and notes it is often used with interjections, and Bjornum2012 separately records the same enclitic '-aa' being added to demonstrative-adverb call-out forms specifically 'when calling out to someone' (Bjornum2012:K5§2) -- three independent sources converging on the same vocative/address function. Nielsen2012 additionally records that a preceding stop nasalizes rather than plainly assimilates before this enclitic (k -> ng, t -> n, q -> rng), a pattern shared with +aasiit and +aat below; this nasalization is not currently covered by any left_sandhi/right_sandhi/inflection_sandhi enum value in this schema (those enums model stem/ending-level sandhi, not this post-inflection enclitic layer), so it is named by application_logic.host_boundary_operations: [nasalize_preceding_stop]; this does not expand the selector to other enclitics.", "examples": [ { "surface": "uumaak-aa", "natural": "hey, you there! (attention-calling direct address; Bjornum2012 K5§2)" }, { "surface": "inungaa", "natural": "O Man! (vocative address, from inuk 'human being')" }, { "surface": "Ataatarpunaa", "natural": "O Our Father! (from Ataatarput 'our Father'; the kind of address heard in church)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.53", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K5§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:aa#e1", "Oqaatsit1997:aa#e0", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aa#e3" ], "id": "ENCL_aa", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_aasiit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "enclitic: 'as usual; how typical of...; there ... goes again'" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+aasiit", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "+asiit" }, "host_boundary_operations": [ "nasalize_preceding_stop" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "as usual; how typical; there ... goes again", "da": "endelse: 'som sædvanlig; hvor typisk for...; der gør han/hun det igen'", "da_short": "endelse: 'som sædvanlig", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Comments that the situation is exactly as expected/typical, often with a mildly exasperated or resigned tone. When it attaches to a host already ending in the vowel a, one of the two adjacent /a/ sounds is usually lost (una 'he/him' + aasiit -> unaasiit, not the expected *unaaasiit) -- structurally encoded via application_logic.vowel_onset_allomorphs (jandahl/oq#773 triage). Corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+aasiit' entry (glossed 'as usual, of course') and its example uangaasiit ('there I went and made the same mistake again, as usual'), and by Bjornum2012's assimilation chapter, which separately records the same enclitic nasalizing a preceding stop rather than a-final host (ulapippit 'are you in a hurry' + aasiit -> ulapippinaasiit [-t- nasalizes to -n-] 'are you in a hurry again?', Bjornum2012:K1§7) -- the same stop-nasalization pattern documented for +aa and +aat. The nasalization pattern conditions on a preceding STOP, not the host's own final vowel, so it is named by application_logic.host_boundary_operations: [nasalize_preceding_stop]. The cited ulapippit + aasiit example is its direct positive vector.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Piitaraasiit", "natural": "that's just typical of Piitaq, there he goes again (from the name Piitaq)" }, { "surface": "unaasiit", "natural": "how typical of him; him again (from una 'he/him')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.53", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K1§7", "Kleinschmidt1871:aasiit#e1168", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aasiit#e2284", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aasiit#e2284", "Oqaatsit1997:aasiit#e325", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasiit#e325", "Katersat:lex_32503" ], "id": "ENCL_aasiit", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_aat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "enclitic: polite request/tag marker ('if you please'; '-- right?')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+aat", "host_boundary_operations": [ "nasalize_preceding_stop" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "add-on for polite request: 'if you please'", "da": "endelse: høflig anmodning ('vær så venlig'; '-- ikke sandt?'); endelse: høflig spørgemarkør ('vær så venlig'; '-- ikke sandt?')", "da_short": "endelse: høflig anmodning; endelse: høflig spørgemarkør", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Softens a request or statement into a polite one, roughly 'if you please' or a tag question like '-- right?'. AITWG-Affixes gives no example for this entry; Nielsen2012 independently glosses '+aat' the same way ('polite address, if you please') and supplies the one concrete example used below. Bjornum2012 separately catalogs a matching interjection 'aat?' glossed 'isn't that so?; what?; shall we?' (Bjornum2012:K5§5) -- a real match in both form and meaning, though there it is listed among free interjections/particles rather than explicitly labeled an enclitic the way Nielsen2012:§3 and AITWG-Affixes ch.9 do, so it is cited as corroborating rather than identical treatment. Shares the same source-described stop-nasalization pattern as +aa and +aasiit and declares application_logic.host_boundary_operations: [nasalize_preceding_stop]. No separate worked vector for +aat is claimed here.", "examples": [ { "surface": "matut iluamik matusarlugit-aat", "natural": "please keep the doors properly closed (polite request; matu 'door')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.53", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Kleinschmidt1871:aat#e146" ], "id": "ENCL_aat", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_guuq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "enclitic: reported-speech/hearsay marker ('it is said that...')" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+gooq", "host_boundary_operations": [ "fuse_preceding_q_with_g", "nasalize_preceding_consonant_and_expand_g" ], "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own headword bracket notation for this entry is *{guuq} (hence this repo's ID ENCL_guuq), while the cited citation/surface form is printed +gooq -- the same ID-vs-underlying_form spelling split as ENCL_tuq below.", "Attested allomorphs -rooq and -nngooq (e.g. qanorooq 'what was said?', angunngooq 'it is said of a man that...') are conditioned by the host word's final segment; recorded here as notes rather than as separate underlying_form entries." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ENCL_guuq_reportative", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.53", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K3§4c" ], "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "proposition", "scope": "clause", "value": "reported speech or hearsay; speaker relays information said or heard from another", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.53", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K3§4c" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "reported-speech marker; hearsay marker", "da": "endelse: markerer, at noget er hørt fra andre ('det siges at ...')", "da_short": "endelse: markerer, at noget er hørt fra andre", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks that the speaker is relaying something said or heard by someone else, common in narration, news, and questions, and frequently used in 'give my regards to X' greeting formulas. When it attaches to a host ending in a consonant other than q, that consonant both assimilates to and nasalizes toward the enclitic's own sound, giving [ŋŋ] (spelled -nngooq) rather than the plain [kk] the ordinary assimilation/fricative pattern would otherwise produce (angut 'man' -> angunngooq). Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012's own '+gooq' entry, which records the same '+ngooq after -p, -t, -k' allomorphy, and by Bjornum2012's optative-mood section, which documents the identical 'give my regards to X' formula with the -rooq allomorph on a name (Piitaq/Piitarooq inuulluarili 'give my regards to Peter', Bjornum2012:K3§4c) -- essentially the same construction as the Makkagooq example below. The separate operations are named by application_logic.host_boundary_operations, in the consumer's established order: q+g fusion first, then p/t/k host nasalization with g→ng expansion. This does not claim the q-final branch has a worked corpus vector.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angunngooq", "natural": "it is said of a man that... (from angut 'man'; hearsay)" }, { "surface": "qanorooq", "natural": "what was said? what news? (hearsay question form of qanoq 'what?')" }, { "surface": "Makkagooq inuulluarili", "natural": "give my regards to Makka (lit. 'it's said [to] Makka, may she live well' -- a greeting formula)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.53", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K3§4c" ], "id": "ENCL_guuq", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_li_but": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "enclitic: 'but' (contrastive conjunction)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+li", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +li describes contrastive but as chiefly written and gives kisianni as the spoken alternative. This is a source-attributed register preference, not a categorical ban; the separate temporal +li also occurs in speech." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "but (contrastive)", "da": "endelse: 'men' (modsætningsbindeord)", "en_short": "but", "da_short": "endelse: 'men'", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks contrast, equivalent to English 'but'; the free particle kisianni carries the same meaning as an alternative. The source's own Chapter 9 explicitly treats this as one of two unrelated, homophonous +li enclitics -- this 'but' sense on printed p.53, versus a distinct temporal 'since; already then' sense on p.54 (authored as a separate entry, ENCL_li_since). Nielsen2012 independently confirms the same two-way split, numbering them '+li 3' (men, 'but') and '+li 4' (siden, 'since') as separate headwords in its own catalog -- strong independent corroboration that these are genuinely two different enclitics sharing one shape, not a single polysemous entry. Bjornum2012's affix list, by contrast, combines both senses under a single '+li' headword ('men; (ved tidsangivelser) siden...', Bjornum2012:K9§6) -- cited here as corroboration for the 'but' sense specifically, while flagging that its own internal treatment differs from AITWG-Affixes' and Nielsen2012's split-entry approach." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.53", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +li" ], "id": "ENCL_li_but", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_li_since": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "since, already then (marks a word as referring to the past; a separate headword from the +li 'but' enclitic on printed p.53, which shares the same underlying form but a distinct meaning and is catalogued under its own ID, ENCL_li_but)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:ENCL_li_since:215c6393efa1", "items": [ { "text": "since, already then (marks a word as referring to the past; a separate headword from the +li 'but' enclitic on printed p.53, which shares the same underlying form but a distinct meaning and is catalogued under its own ID, ENCL_li_but)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +li" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+li", "notes": [ "Attaches to words that describe past events. Beyond a plain 'since'/'already then' reading, it can simply intensify how remote in time the event feels -- the source's own example scales a bare 'a long time ago' up to 'a very long time ago' by adding this enclitic.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +li explicitly permits temporal since/remote-past +li in speech as well as writing, with siornaalli and ullaarli. Its chiefly-written qualification concerns contrastive but, not this temporal use." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "since; already then; marks time as past", "da": "siden, allerede dengang (markerer, at ordet henviser til fortiden; en selvstændig endelse, forskellig fra +li 'men', selvom de ligner hinanden)", "en_short": "since; already then", "da_short": "siden, allerede dengang", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qangarsuarli", "natural": "a very long time ago (qangarsuaq 'a long time ago' + the enclitic's remoteness-emphasising sense)" } ], "note": "Homographic with the unrelated ENCL_li_but enclitic meaning 'but' (also in this affix-list chapter, printed p.53) -- same surface form, distinct meaning and distinct ID in this dataset. This 'since/remoteness' sense is only attested attaching to words already describing past time. Nielsen2012 independently confirms the same two-way +li split ('+li 3' men/'but' vs. '+li 4' siden/'since'); Bjornum2012's affix list instead combines both senses under one '+li' headword (Bjornum2012:K9§6) -- cited here too, flagging that its internal treatment differs from AITWG-Affixes' and Nielsen2012's split-entry approach." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +li" ], "id": "ENCL_li_since", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_lu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "and (coordination); also (additive)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "assimilative", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+lu", "notes": [ "A free-particle alternative with the same meaning is aamma.", "JOIN_ASSIMILATIVE for this l-initial enclitic (general phone-level consonant rule after additive join onto a finalised word, not an ENCL_lu one-shot; see docs/investigations/morphophonology/assimilative-enclitic-lu.md and AITWG:§6.3 Definition 6.1 + Definition 3.9). Host-conditioned surface allomorphy of underlying +lu: (1) vowel-final host → +lu (additive-looking; AITWG-Affixes:p.54 Kaali Piitarlu is q-final — see half 3 — while Nielsen2012:§3 uangalu / illillu uangalu show the V-half cleanly on uanga); (2) non-uvular consonant-final host (p/t/k, and other non-q stops after inflection) → geminated -llu via regressive assimilation C+l → ll (AITWG:§6.3 angut → angullu; Nielsen2012:§3 illit → illillu; Bjornum2012:K1§7 Piitap → Piitallu; Bjornum2012:K9§6 meeqqat → meeqqallu); (3) uvular-final host /q/ → -rlu (q weakens to r before l; AITWG-Affixes:p.54 / AITWG:§6.3 Piitaq → Piitarlu). Do NOT collapse the uvular half into full [ll] (*Piitallu from Piitaq). Distinct from the m-initial JOIN_ASSIMILATIVE split in docs/investigations/morphophonology/assimilative-velar-vs-uvular-m.md (k+m→mm, q+m→rm).", "Enclitic stacking is attested (Nielsen2012:§3 opening: {+lu}{+mi}{+aasiit} → tassalumiaasiit). Stress-run surface …lunilu is typically contemporative …luni (already vowel-final) + ENCL_lu, not a second assimilative C-host join — still the same underlying +lu after a vowel-final host. Grammar declares the sandhi; oq-api consumes it (api.oq.gl#198). Host-stem inventory for stress tokens kammalaatitllu / nerisassaqarlunilu is out of scope for this entry (separate stem issues). Counterbot soft-must on #749: stress kammalaatitllu (visible tll) is approx orthographic noise — gold rebuild after …tit+lu is kammalaatillu (C+l→[ll] absorbs host t); do not preserve t+ll in JOIN.", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +lu gives both and and also. K9§5 places enclitics on the first word in the connected context, but +lu on the last item in an enumeration (tujuuluga, qarlikka alersikkalu errorpakka). It translates before its host (Hansilu, and Hans). These are source construction qualifications, not a new universal scope/placement algorithm; retain existing host-conditioned assimilation." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ENCL_lu_coordination", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "AITWG:§6.3", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K1§7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +lu" ], "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "coordinated_items", "scope": "unknown", "value": "coordinates items with and; additive also is source-attested but its construction binding remains unreviewed", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +lu" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "and; also", "en_short": "and (coordination)", "da": "og; også", "da_short": "og", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Kaali Piitarlu", "natural": "Kaali and Piitaq (Piitaq + ENCL_lu — uvular half, q+l → rl)" }, { "surface": "angullu", "natural": "and the man (angut + ENCL_lu — non-uvular C-final half, t+l → ll; AITWG:§6.3)" }, { "surface": "illillu", "natural": "and thou / and you.sg (illit + ENCL_lu — ABS-shaped C-final host → -llu; Nielsen2012:§3)" }, { "surface": "meeqqallu", "natural": "and the children (meeqqat ABS.PL + ENCL_lu — C-final plural → -llu; Bjornum2012:K9§6)" }, { "surface": "Piitallu", "natural": "and Peter's (Piitap ERG.SG + ENCL_lu — p+l → ll; Bjornum2012:K1§7)" } ], "note": "Unlike English 'and', which precedes the second coordinated item, this enclitic attaches onto the end of the second item itself -- the word that would have followed 'and' in the English translation, not the word that precedes it. After a consonant-final host the surface is -llu (or -rlu after q); after a vowel-final host it remains +lu. Stacking onto a contemporative …luni host yields …lunilu with the vowel-final half." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "AITWG:§6.3", "AITWG:§3.9", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K1§7", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +lu" ], "id": "ENCL_lu", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_lusuuq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "just like; as if" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+lusooq", "notes": [ "Also attested spelled +lusuuq (the headword spelling used elsewhere in the source list) alongside the running-text spelling +lusooq used in this entry's own gloss line; both spellings denote the same enclitic. Nielsen2012's independent catalog entry uses the +lusooq spelling." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "just like; as if", "en_short": "just like", "da": "ligesom; som om", "da_short": "ligesom", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The source gives only the bare gloss for this enclitic, with no worked example sentence to cite." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3" ], "id": "ENCL_lusuuq", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_luunniit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "or; neither...nor; (not) even; (not) at all; 'any-' with interrogatives; 'even though/no matter' in the V{galuaq}V + conditional + luunniit combination" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+luunniit", "notes": [ "Like +lu and +li, this enclitic attaches to the item that would follow 'or' in the equivalent English sentence, not the item that precedes it. On an interrogative word it yields an indefinite 'any-' reading (e.g. 'who?' -> 'anyone'). Combined with a negated predicate it strengthens the negation to 'not even' / 'not at all'. The source additionally reports, attributed there to a 2019 Nielsen edition distinct from this repo's own Nielsen2012 (2012 ed.) citation key, that the combination of the V{galuaq}V affix with a conditional-mood verb plus this enclitic yields an 'even though' / 'no matter' reading -- that specific compound-meaning claim is not cited to Nielsen here on the strength of the source's own uncited-here 2019 reference, but it is independently corroborated below: this repo's own Nielsen2012 (2012 ed.) extract documents the identical conditional-mood + luunniit 'selv om' ('even though') pattern with its own separate examples, so Nielsen2012 is cited directly for that corroboration rather than for the source's own citation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "or; neither...nor; not even; not at all", "da": "eller; hverken...eller; (ikke) engang; (slet) ikke; 'nogen-/hvem-som-helst' sammen med spørgeord; 'selvom' i kombination med V{galuaq}V + betinget måde + denne endelse; 'uanset' i kombination med V{galuaq}V + betinget måde + denne endelse", "da_short": "eller", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Kaali Piitarluunniit", "natural": "Kaali or Piitaq" }, { "surface": "kinaluunniit", "natural": "anyone (kina? 'who?' + the indefinite-forming sense of this enclitic)" }, { "surface": "inoqanngilaq, Piitarluunniit", "natural": "there were no people (at all), not even Piitaq" }, { "surface": "sininngilangaluunniit", "natural": "I haven't slept at all (sininngilanga 'I have not slept' + the intensifying sense under negation)" }, { "surface": "sumiuugaluaruttaluunniit", "natural": "even though we are from anywhere (V{galuaq}V + conditional + this enclitic)" } ], "note": "Attachment pattern mirrors +lu/+li (goes on the item following the logical 'or', not preceding it). Multiple distinct senses layer onto the same underlying form depending on what it attaches to: coordination ('or'), indefinites from interrogatives ('any-'), intensified negation ('not even'/'not at all'), and -- in combination with V{galuaq}V plus a conditional-mood verb -- a concessive 'even though/no matter' reading." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +luunniit" ], "id": "ENCL_luunniit", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_maa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "eh?; how is it? (interrogative tag)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+maa", "notes": [ "The fuller underlying form is +maanna; the source notes this is commonly shortened to just +maa in contemporary usage. Frequently heard trailing the interrogative qanoq ('what?')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "eh?; how's it going? (question tag)", "en_short": "eh?", "da": "hva'? hvordan går det? (spørgende tilføjelse)", "da_short": "hva'? hvordan går det?", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qanormaa(nna)?", "natural": "eh? how is it? (qanoq 'what?' + this enclitic, either the full or shortened form)" } ], "note": "A tag-like enclitic most often heard attached to the question word qanoq; the long form +maanna is increasingly reduced to +maa in modern speech per the source." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3" ], "id": "ENCL_maa", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_mi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "what about ...?; though; indeed (mild contrastive/emphatic particle)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+mi" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "what about ___? (also: though; indeed, as a mild contrastive/emphatic particle)", "en_short": "what about ___?", "da": "hvad med ___? (også: dog; sandelig, som mild modsætnings-/eftertryksendelse)", "da_short": "hvad med ___?", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A general-purpose contrastive or emphatic enclitic, glossed variously as 'what about ...?', 'though', or 'indeed' depending on context. Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 both give independent worked examples showing it turning a word into a pointed question or a mild emphasis on the host.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illimmi?", "natural": "what about you?; do you want more? (illit, 'you')" }, { "surface": "uangami", "natural": "what about me? (uanga, 'I')" }, { "surface": "unami", "natural": "what about that (one)? (una, 'that')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6" ], "id": "ENCL_mi", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_mita": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "I wonder ...; might it be that ...? (speculative enclitic, often on interrogatives)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:ENCL_mita:29c0f7f1c961", "items": [ { "text": "I wonder ...; might it be that ...? (speculative enclitic, often on interrogatives)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+mita", "notes": [ "A fuller variant +mitaava is also attested with the same meaning; AITWG-Affixes cites both spellings side by side.", "On verbs this enclitic co-occurs with the wonder-marking affix niq (surfacing as ner- before a consonant-initial ending), which independently carries the same speculative sense -- see napparsimanerpormita below." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "I wonder...?; might it be that...?", "en_short": "I wonder ...", "da": "mon ...; mon det kan være, at ...? (spekulerende endelse, ofte på spørgeord)", "da_short": "mon", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks speculation or wondering aloud. Attaches readily to interrogative words such as qanoq ('how/what'). Nielsen2012's own examples independently corroborate AITWG-Affixes' claim that, on verbs, the enclitic pairs with the niq/ner- 'wonder' affix rather than attaching to the bare verb stem.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kinamitaava?", "natural": "who, I wonder? (kina, 'who')" }, { "surface": "sorlermita", "natural": "I wonder which one (sorleq, 'which')" }, { "surface": "uangamitaava", "natural": "I wonder what will happen to me (uanga, 'I')" }, { "surface": "napparsimanerpormita", "natural": "I wonder if he might be sick (napparsimavoq, 'he is sick')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3" ], "id": "ENCL_mita", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_taaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "also, too", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:ENCL_taaq:bd6f182fab7a", "items": [ { "text": "also, too", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+taaq", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "+ttaaq" }, "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own headword notation for this entry is +(t)taaq -- kept as a plain string here per docs/reference/linguistics/mofo-schema-mapping.md row 15's rationale against baking (x)-style parenthetical notation into underlying_form (it would complicate every consumer that reads the field as a plain string, e.g. oq's builder). The parenthetical (t) marks that a t surfaces -- and can geminate -- when this enclitic attaches to a vowel-final host, e.g. uanga -> uangattaaq; compare Nielsen2012's illit -> illittaaq (already t-final, so no separate linking segment is visible there). Promoted to a structured vowel_onset_allomorphs entry (jandahl/oq#773 triage) rather than left prose-only: uanga is a-final, so this is currently keyed only on 'a' -- i/u-final hosts would need their own attested examples before adding those keys too, per this repo's never-invent-examples rule." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ENCL_taaq_additive", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3" ], "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "attached_host", "scope": "unknown", "value": "additive contribution 'also; too'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "___, also; ___, too", "da": "___, også; ___, med", "en_short": "___, too", "da_short": "___, også", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Adds 'also/too' onto the host word it attaches to. The linking t is not always present -- it shows up specifically after vowel-final hosts, per Nielsen2012's paradigm.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illittaaq", "natural": "you too (illit, 'you')" }, { "surface": "uangattaaq", "natural": "me too, likewise (uanga, 'I')" }, { "surface": "pissanngilangattaaq", "natural": "I won't have that either (pissanngilanga, 'I won't have it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3" ], "id": "ENCL_taaq", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_tuq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "expression of a wish (if only ...!; I wonder ...; who could it be)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+toq", "notes": [ "AITWG-Affixes' own headword bracket notation for this entry is *{tuq} (hence this repo's ID ENCL_tuq), while the cited citation/surface form is printed +toq.", "DISAMBIGUATION (#544 theme 1): agent-noun / fisherman-type surfaces in -toq (e.g. pilot aalisartoq 'fisherman') compete with ABS + this enclitic because the citation string is +toq. Prefer V_soq_N / intransitive participle (and the participial-mood ending that AITWG equates with the same morpheme) for agent readings; this enclitic is wish/wonder only. Reinforces the pedagogy note that Bjornum2012's +toq participial cross-reference is a different item. See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme1-affix-ambiguity-dossiers.md." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "expression of a wish; if only...!", "da": "udtryk for et ønske (gid ...!; mon ...; hvem mon det kan være)", "da_short": "udtryk for et ønske", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a wish or a wondering rhetorical question about the host word. Nielsen2012's independent entry (glossed 'gid, mon' -- roughly 'if only', 'I wonder') shows the same two-sided sense, attaching to pronouns, interrogatives, and participial verb forms alike. Bjornum2012's own '+toq' entry is a cross-reference to a different grammatical item (the intransitive participle ending, Kap. 4 §3a) that merely shares this string, not the same morpheme -- deliberately not cited here to avoid conflating two distinct items.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kinatoq?", "natural": "who, I wonder? (guess who) (kina, 'who')" }, { "surface": "uangatoq", "natural": "if only it were me (uanga, 'I')" }, { "surface": "ingipportoq", "natural": "if only he would sit down (ingippoq, 'he sits down')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3" ], "id": "ENCL_tuq", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_una": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "meaning": "it is ... (copula-like enclitic; historically/formally a demonstrative)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "+una", "notes": [ "AITWG:§10.4 Definition 10.5 describes the una-cleft: attach +una to the initial emphasized explicit subject or transitive object and use a participial verb; transitivity and the constituent case are unchanged. This definite it-is construction contrasts with the indefinite, subject-defocusing V_duqaq_Vb construction. This note does not implement a clause transformation.", "Plural counterpart is +uku (e.g. suut -> suunuku, 'what are those?')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it is ___ (copula-like add-on)", "da": "det er ___ (fungerer som det forbindende udsagnsord 'er'; oprindeligt/formelt et påpegende stedord)", "en_short": "it is ___", "da_short": "det er ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Functions as a copula-like 'it is ...' enclitic, but the source is explicit that it is actually a demonstrative rather than a true verbal ending -- which is why it inflects for number (singular +una vs. plural +uku) the way a demonstrative pronoun would, rather than behaving like an invariant particle. Commonly combines with interrogatives (suna 'what' -> sunaana 'what is that?'; plural suut -> suunuku 'what are those?') and can be used to self-identify, e.g. answering a call. See also: grammar_schema.json's morphology_class.stem_type enum has a demonstrative_root_stem value (grounded in AITWG:§6.4 per kalaallisut_data/aitwg_index/ch06.yaml), and nouns.yaml separately notes *{una} as an example enclitic trigger on angut's consonant-weakening (angut+una -> angununa). No stem entry for una/demonstrative-pronoun roots exists yet in kalaallisut_data/stems/, so whether this enclitic's own root is literally the same lexical item as that stem class is not confirmed here -- flagged as a plausible connection worth checking if/when demonstrative-pronoun stems are added, not asserted as fact.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sunaana?", "natural": "what is that? (suna, 'what')" }, { "surface": "suunuku?", "natural": "what are those? (suut, plural 'what')" }, { "surface": "Stianiuna", "natural": "it's Stian (e.g. said when answering the phone)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.4", "AITWG-Affixes:p.54", "Nielsen2012:§3", "Bjornum2012:K6§8 pt.5", "Oqaatsit1997:una#e18066", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:una#e17100", "Katersat:lex_13434" ], "id": "ENCL_una", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_gu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "enclitic marking a point in time as referring to the future ('at [time X], in the future'); used only on words denoting a point in time", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "time" ] }, "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:ENCL_gu:c010232b65c5", "items": [ { "text": "enclitic marking a point in time as referring to the future ('at [time X], in the future'); used only on words denoting a point in time", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:gu", "Kleinschmidt1871:aqagu", "Oqaatsit1997:aqagu", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqagu", "Oqaatsit1997:aasaru#e320", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasaru#e320", "AITWG:§11.2" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-gu", "host_boundary_operations": [ "fuse_preceding_q_with_g" ], "notes": [ "The pinned coming-summer dictionary rows corroborate the lexicalized aasaru example only, not a live productive enclitic or the full q/g fusion rule. Preserve the restricted nonproductive framing and independently cited analysis.", "MOFO's own New orthography field prints this enclitic with a leading hyphen (-gu, -ru), not the leading + used by every other enclitic in this file -- and its Left sandhi field independently confirms why: Truncative, Fusional (truncative on consonant-final hosts, e.g. unnuk 'evening' -> unnugu; on q-final hosts /qg/ instead merge to /r/, giving the -ru allomorph, e.g. ukioq 'winter' -> ukioru), unlike the uniformly additive class Nielsen2012's own enclitic-particle chapter opening line describes (Alle er additive, i.e. 'All [enclitic particles] are additive'). The q+g fusion selector is named in application_logic.host_boundary_operations. boundary_behavior remains at the enclitic template's additive default and no left_sandhi/right_sandhi value is set: this metadata names a second-pass host operation without claiming -gu is freely productive or changing its established lexicalized/nonproductive scope.", "MOFO tags this morpheme non-productive (Tags/List/stem/nonproductive); encoded here as lexical_facts.productivity: nonproductive so consumers (oq-api Deconstruct) can skip free attachment while keeping the morpheme for documentation and explicit composition. MOFO tags this morpheme non-productive (Tags/List/stem/nonproductive) and its own prose says as much: limited combination potential, probably not used productively, only on words denoting a point in time, several formed words lexicalised. No independent source (AITWG-Affixes ch.9, Nielsen2012 Sec.3, Bjornum2012 Kap.9) catalogues -gu/-ru as an active enclitic morpheme -- a real search found only the already-lexicalized OUTPUT words (aqagu, qaqugu, unnugu) cited as ordinary fixed vocabulary/adverbs in Bjornum2012's word lists and adverb chapter (docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/1-lyd-og-skrift.md, 5-adverbier.md, 6-diverse.md) and as an example embedded inside Nielsen2012's own +luunniit entry (qaqugu -> qaquguluunniit, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/3-enklitiske-partikler.md), never as an analysed, separately-catalogued enclitic in either source's own enclitic-particle listing -- consistent with MOFO's own non-productive/lexicalized framing, not treated as independent corroboration of a live morpheme.", "AITWG:§11.2 independently analyses nominal future N{gu}N: most, but not all, time nouns have lexicalised forms (ualeru, unnugu, aasaru). It may be omitted when context identifies the coming period, as in aassaq manna aallassaaq. This corroborates the restricted temporal function and lexicalised outputs; it does not establish a freely productive enclitic, settle the N-to-N versus enclitic classification, or independently specify the q/g fusion rule." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ENCL_gu_future_time", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:gu" ], "operator": { "type": "other", "target": "time_denoting_host", "scope": "unknown", "value": "marks a time-denoting word as referring to a future time; source marks this use as restricted and nonproductive", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "MOFO:gu" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "this coming ___", "en_short": "this coming ___", "da": "den kommende ___", "da_short": "den kommende ___", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO's own examples are mostly fully lexicalized time words rather than a live, freely-combining paradigm; cited here as such.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aqagu", "natural": "tomorrow (lexicalized; MOFO notes the underlying base is unclear)" }, { "surface": "qaqugu?", "natural": "when? (i.e. 'when in the future?')" }, { "surface": "unnugu", "natural": "this evening (from unnuk, 'evening'; consonant-truncative allomorph -gu)" }, { "surface": "ukioru", "natural": "this (coming) winter (from ukioq, 'winter'; q+g fusional allomorph -ru)" }, { "surface": "aasaru", "natural": "this (coming) summer (from aasaq, 'summer'; same q+g -> r fusion)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:gu", "Kleinschmidt1871:aqagu", "Oqaatsit1997:aqagu", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqagu", "Oqaatsit1997:aasaru#e320", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasaru#e320", "AITWG:§11.2" ], "id": "ENCL_gu", "category": "enclitics" } ], "ENCL_kiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "enclitic", "productivity": "nonproductive", "meaning": "enclitic expressing wonder or uncertainty, used in exclamations (attaches onto interrogative stems -- 'who/what/how ... I wonder')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:ENCL_kiaq:737fd10f1560", "items": [ { "text": "enclitic expressing wonder or uncertainty, used in exclamations (attaches onto interrogative stems -- 'who/what/how ... I wonder')", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "MOFO:-kiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:kinalikiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:soorlikiaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:soorlikiaq" ], "rationale": "The available exact local dictionary rows are example-word attestations and do not establish the relation among all comma-bearing components of this curated affix/enclitic gloss. Defer semantic annotation until the cited MOFO/grammar source text for this morpheme and its relevant sense is reviewed; preserve the raw gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-kiaq", "notes": [ "MOFO's own sources disagree on the precise sense: the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary glosses it 'wonder'; Kleinschmidt (1871) translates it 'yes' in his own question-word examples (which MOFO itself reads as still supporting a 'wonder' sense); Schultz-Lorentzen (1958) only notes it marks an exclamation, without a translation. MOFO's own example asukiaq ('I don't know', the verbal equivalent of a shrug) points toward a related but distinct 'uncertainty/non-answer' shade -- recorded here as MOFO's own hedge, not resolved to a single gloss.", "MOFO tags this morpheme non-productive; it is not mentioned in MOFO's own Oqaatsit source, suggesting it may not be used productively today, though the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary notes it remains attested in North/East/South Greenlandic dialects.", "No independent source (AITWG-Affixes ch.9, Nielsen2012 Sec.3, Bjornum2012 Kap.9) catalogues -kiaq as its own enclitic. The one tempting lead -- Bjornum2012's own glossary entry for the interjection asukiaq, 'I don't know' -- glosses the already-lexicalized OUTPUT word only, the same way ENCL_gu's own aqagu/qaqugu/unnugu leads do above, not an analysed treatment of -kiaq as a live, separately-catalogued enclitic; not treated as independent corroboration on that basis." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "add-on expressing wonder or uncertainty", "da": "endelse, der udtrykker undren eller usikkerhed, brugt i udråb (sættes på spørgeord -- 'hvem/hvad/hvordan ... mon')", "da_short": "endelse", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "MOFO's own examples are all interrogative-stem exclamations, not a live freely-combining paradigm; cited here as such.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kinalikiaq", "natural": "who (I wonder) is that? (from kina, 'who')" }, { "surface": "sunalikiaq", "natural": "yes, but what? (from suna, 'what')" }, { "surface": "soorlikiaq", "natural": "yes, surely (from soorlu/suu, 'how/yes')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:-kiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:kinalikiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:soorlikiaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:soorlikiaq" ], "id": "ENCL_kiaq", "category": "enclitics" } ], "DEM_ABS_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "absolutive singular demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "absolutive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-na", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Only absolutive singular preserves the velar place in ik/pik/kig, yielding innga/pinnga/kinnga (AITWG §15.4). Nielsen inn(g)a remains optional source evidence, not a rule replacing these attested forms." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "this one", "en_short": "one", "da": "en ___", "da_short": "en", "source": "hand", "composition": { "en": "___", "da": "___" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "una", "natural": "this one" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_ABS_SG", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_ABS_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "absolutive plural demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "absolutive" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-ku", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "these ones", "en_short": "plural", "da": "flere ___", "da_short": "flertal", "source": "hand", "composition": { "en": "___s", "da": "___" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uku", "natural": "these ones" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_ABS_PL", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_ERG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "ergative singular demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "ergative" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-cuma", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "The source analyses singular cum+a and plural ku+a. Do not equate this ergative a with an unrestricted optional exclamatory rule. Nielsen §4.2.1 additionally reports declining plural relative usage and a speaker-dependent nominative/accusative pattern; this entry does not universalize either pattern." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "of this one; this one as doer", "en_short": "owner / do-er", "da": "___'s … (ejeren), eller ___ som den, der gør noget ved nogen/noget", "da_short": "ejer / gør noget", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uuma", "natural": "of this one; this one as doer" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_ERG_SG", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_ERG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "ergative plural demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "ergative" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-kua", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "The source analyses singular cum+a and plural ku+a. Do not equate this ergative a with an unrestricted optional exclamatory rule. Nielsen §4.2.1 additionally reports declining plural relative usage and a speaker-dependent nominative/accusative pattern; this entry does not universalize either pattern." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "of these ones; these ones as doers", "en_short": "owners / do-ers (plural)", "da": "flere ___'s … (ejere), eller flere ___ som dem, der gør noget ved nogen/noget", "da_short": "ejere / gør noget (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukua", "natural": "of these ones; these ones as doers" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_ERG_PL", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_INS_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "instrumental singular demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "instrumental" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-cumiŋŋa", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/about this one", "en_short": "with/using", "da": "med/ved hjælp af en ___", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uuminnga", "natural": "with/about this one" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_INS_SG", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_INS_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "instrumental plural demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "instrumental" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-kuniŋŋa", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/about these ones", "en_short": "with/using (plural)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af flere ___", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukuninnga", "natural": "with/about these ones" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_INS_PL", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_LOC_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "locative singular demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "locative" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-cumani", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at this one", "en_short": "in/at", "da": "i/ved en ___", "da_short": "i/ved", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uumani", "natural": "in/at this one" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_LOC_SG", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_LOC_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "locative plural demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "locative" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-kunani", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at these ones", "en_short": "in/at (plural)", "da": "i/ved flere ___", "da_short": "i/ved (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukunani", "natural": "in/at these ones" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_LOC_PL", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_ALL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "allative singular demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "allative" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-cumuŋŋa", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred.", "Pronoun allative uses double ŋŋ, while demonstrative-adverb allative uses single ŋ. The ik example on PDF printed p.307 contradicts its own root direction and prints from rather than the transcription’s to despite naming allative. The verified paradigm table establishes the case meaning, not that contradictory example gloss." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to this one", "en_short": "to/towards", "da": "til/hen mod en ___", "da_short": "til/hen mod", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uumunnga", "natural": "to this one" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_ALL_SG", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_ALL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "allative plural demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "allative" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-kunuŋŋa", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred.", "Pronoun allative uses double ŋŋ, while demonstrative-adverb allative uses single ŋ. The ik example on PDF printed p.307 contradicts its own root direction and prints from rather than the transcription’s to despite naming allative. The verified paradigm table establishes the case meaning, not that contradictory example gloss." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to these ones", "en_short": "to/towards (plural)", "da": "til/hen mod flere ___", "da_short": "til/hen mod (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukununnga", "natural": "to these ones" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_ALL_PL", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_ABL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "ablative singular demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "ablative" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-cumaŋŋa", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "from this one", "en_short": "from", "da": "fra en ___", "da_short": "fra", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uumannga", "natural": "from this one" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_ABL_SG", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_ABL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "ablative plural demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "ablative" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-kunaŋŋa", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "from these ones", "en_short": "from (plural)", "da": "fra flere ___", "da_short": "fra (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukunannga", "natural": "from these ones" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_ABL_PL", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_VIA_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "vialis singular demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "vialis" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-cumuuna", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "through this one", "en_short": "through / by way of", "da": "gennem en ___ / via en ___", "da_short": "gennem / via", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uumuuna", "natural": "through this one" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_VIA_SG", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_VIA_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "vialis plural demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "vialis" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-kunuuna", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred.", "Figure 15.8 attests ukunuuna. Nielsen §4.2.1 also lists -natigut; no unconditional alternation rule is inferred from that listing." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "through these ones", "en_short": "through / by way of (plural)", "da": "gennem flere ___ / via flere ___", "da_short": "gennem / via (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukunuuna", "natural": "through these ones" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_VIA_PL", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_EQU_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "equalis singular demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "equalis" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-cumatut", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "like this one", "en_short": "like / as", "da": "som en ___ / ligesom en ___, på samme måde som en ___", "da_short": "som / ligesom", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uumatut", "natural": "like this one" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_EQU_SG", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_EQU_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "equalis plural demonstrative pronoun ending", "case": "equalis" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-kunatut", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 Figure 15.7 explicitly gives this demonstrative case-and-number ending. Its notation is phonemic, not an independently attested dictionary headword. It belongs to the closed demonstrative paradigm, not ordinary noun declension.", "Prepositional endings here represent the whole source-defined compound, including singular cum or plural kun before the pure case marker; these are not extra atomic stems. Absolutive and ergative attach directly to the root.", "Ordinary uv uses u instead of uv, and singular um instead of cum. The complete uv join below is directly attested by Figure 15.8; anaphoric uv is regular. mat/tamat also use um in singular. No unrestricted stem-final-class allomorph is inferred.", "Figure 15.8 attests ukunatut. Nielsen §4.2.1 permits -(n)atut; that optional-n alternative is retained as a source difference rather than a general deletion rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "like these ones", "en_short": "like / as (plural)", "da": "som flere ___ / ligesom flere ___", "da_short": "som / ligesom (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukunatut", "natural": "like these ones" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_EQU_PL", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_ADV_LOC": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "particle", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> particle", "meaning": "locative demonstrative adverb ending", "case": "locative" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-ani", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.3 Figure 15.5 directly identifies this ancient demonstrative-adverb ending and explicitly derives the attested ik example. The result is a closed-class particle; ordinary nominal ending attachment and free noun derivation are not licensed.", "uv/mat lose their final consonants here; ugguuna and maana are specifically irregular vialis forms. Do not apply pronoun cum/kun stems to these adverbs. Source notation is phonemic, not a dictionary headword.", "Modern dictionary translations vary between here/there: Danish herhenne and English over here/over there. AITWG:§15.3 explicitly derives locative ikani from the demonstrative root. Translation differences do not approve an unrestricted proximity replacement or ordinary noun attachment." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at that place", "en_short": "in/at", "da": "i/ved ___", "da_short": "i/ved", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikani", "natural": "in that place over there" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.3", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.3", "Oqaatsit1997:ikani#e3614", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikani#e3475", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ikani#e3895" ], "id": "DEM_ADV_LOC", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_ADV_ALL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "particle", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> particle", "meaning": "allative demonstrative adverb ending", "case": "allative" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-uŋa", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.3 Figure 15.5 directly identifies this ancient demonstrative-adverb ending and explicitly derives the attested ik example. The result is a closed-class particle; ordinary nominal ending attachment and free noun derivation are not licensed.", "uv/mat lose their final consonants here; ugguuna and maana are specifically irregular vialis forms. Do not apply pronoun cum/kun stems to these adverbs. Source notation is phonemic, not a dictionary headword.", "Figure 15.5 and running prose specify single ŋ in uŋa, unlike pronoun uŋŋa. Figure 15.6 instead labels its irregular-root column aŋa. The original PDF printed p.304 confirms this label; retain it as source-specific notation, not a transcription error or a general root-conditioned allomorph." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to that place", "en_short": "to/towards", "da": "til/hen mod ___", "da_short": "til/hen mod", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikunga", "natural": "to that place over there" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.3", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.3", "Oqaatsit1997:ikunga#e3768", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikunga#e3633" ], "id": "DEM_ADV_ALL", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_ADV_ABL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "particle", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> particle", "meaning": "ablative demonstrative adverb ending", "case": "ablative" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-aŋŋa", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.3 Figure 15.5 directly identifies this ancient demonstrative-adverb ending and explicitly derives the attested ik example. The result is a closed-class particle; ordinary nominal ending attachment and free noun derivation are not licensed.", "uv/mat lose their final consonants here; ugguuna and maana are specifically irregular vialis forms. Do not apply pronoun cum/kun stems to these adverbs. Source notation is phonemic, not a dictionary headword.", "English from here differs from Danish derhennefra and historical from over there. Preserve the source-specific translations alongside independently cited ablative demonstrative derivation; a dictionary translation alone does not alter the demonstrative root or ordinary noun attachment rules." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "from that place", "en_short": "from", "da": "fra ___", "da_short": "fra", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikannga", "natural": "from that place over there" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.3", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.3", "Oqaatsit1997:ikannga#e3615", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikannga#e3476", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ikannga#e3896" ], "id": "DEM_ADV_ABL", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_ADV_VIA": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "particle", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> particle", "meaning": "vialis demonstrative adverb ending", "case": "vialis" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-uuna", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.3 Figure 15.5 directly identifies this ancient demonstrative-adverb ending and explicitly derives the attested ik example. The result is a closed-class particle; ordinary nominal ending attachment and free noun derivation are not licensed.", "uv/mat lose their final consonants here; ugguuna and maana are specifically irregular vialis forms. Do not apply pronoun cum/kun stems to these adverbs. Source notation is phonemic, not a dictionary headword." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "through that place", "en_short": "through / by way of", "da": "gennem / via ___", "da_short": "gennem / via", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikuuna", "natural": "through that place over there" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.3", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.3", "Oqaatsit1997:ikuuna#e3780", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikuuna#e3645" ], "id": "DEM_ADV_VIA", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_CALL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "singular demonstrative attention call (ergative plus ak)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-cumaak", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 explicitly constructs this attention call from the ordinary uv pronoun: uuma plus ak in singular, or uku plus qsii in plural. The underlying notation records the complete root-to-call composition, not a new atomic case ending.", "Only the directly attested ordinary-uv join is mapped here. The source footnote limits independently observed calls to uumaak and ukorsii; do not infer freely productive calls for every root from a broad source assertion. Bare ak interjection homographs do not attest this attached use." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hey, you there! (one addressee)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uumaak", "natural": "hey, you there! (one addressee)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "Kleinschmidt1871:uumaak#e9601" ], "id": "DEM_CALL_SG", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "DEM_CALL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "plural demonstrative attention call (absolutive plus qsii)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-kuqsii", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.4 explicitly constructs this attention call from the ordinary uv pronoun: uuma plus ak in singular, or uku plus qsii in plural. The underlying notation records the complete root-to-call composition, not a new atomic case ending.", "Only the directly attested ordinary-uv join is mapped here. The source footnote limits independently observed calls to uumaak and ukorsii; do not infer freely productive calls for every root from a broad source assertion. Bare ak interjection homographs do not attest this attached use." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hey, you there! (several addressees)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukorsii", "natural": "hey, you there! (several addressees)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.4", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ukorsii#e19444" ], "id": "DEM_CALL_PL", "category": "demonstrative_cases" } ], "N_DEM_EXCL_A": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "word_class": "demonstrative", "category_shift": "demonstrative -> demonstrative", "meaning": "directional demonstrative exclamation (here!; there!)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "-a", "left_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §15.5 Figure 15.9 constructs these directional exclamations by adding demonstrative a directly to a root. Ordinary forms normally geminate the final consonant, while anaphoric forms normally do not; this closed-class rule is not ordinary noun inflection.", "Explicit exceptions: im gives ima without m-doubling; uv has uffa and ugga, plus anaphoric taava/tassa; mat behaves as macc, giving massa/tamassa; kan has ordinary kana without n-doubling but anaphoric takanna with doubling.", "The attention-pointing prefix aa(j), meaning here/there it is, is separately described in §15.4. Retaining MOFO’s optional predicative provenance does not identify that prefix with this suffix. Lexicalized non-directional meanings of ima/taama, uffa, taava, tassa and massa remain separate particle uses." ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:endings/exclamation/a_dem_excl", "Nielsen2012:§4.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "AITWG:§15.5" ], "id": "N_DEM_EXCL_A", "category": "demonstrative_mofo_derived", "plain_gloss": { "en": "directional demonstrative exclamation (here!; there!)", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_ABS_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive singular (citation form; subject of intransitive verb, object of transitive verb)", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_SG:3e5366d509be", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "Bittner1994:9", "AITWG:§7.5" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "citation form; subject of intransitive verb, object of transitive verb", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive singular", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "Bittner1994:9", "AITWG:§7.5" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "Ø", "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Citation form: the one doing something, or the one something happens to.", "note_da": "Grundform: den, der gør noget, eller den, der bliver udsat for noget.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inuk", "natural": "person (subject of intransitive or object of transitive)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "Bittner1994:9", "AITWG:§7.5" ], "id": "N_ABS_SG", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "one ___", "en_short": "one", "da": "en ___", "da_short": "en", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "___", "da": "___" } } } ], "N_ERG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative/relative singular (subject of transitive verb; possessor)", "case": "ergative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-p", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The -p/-up/-ip allomorph choice is keyed by the STEM's morphology_class.declension_class (whose values name this very form): p-class stems take -p (vowel-final nuna -> nunap, but also consonant-final stems whose final segment changes first -- uvular-deleting arnaq -> arna- -> arnap, alveolar-schwa angut /aŋutə/ -> anguti- -> angutip per the ə-rule); up-class stems take -up (assik -> assingup, with that stem's own weakening); ip-class stems take -ip (ivik -> iffip, with that stem's own metathesis). The surface heuristic '-up after consonant-final stems, -p after vowel-final stems' is a rough first approximation only -- it misclassifies weak q-stems and schwa stems, which is the audit doc's SG-4. No single AITWG Definition number covers the declension-class split; AITWG:§6.7's declension tables are the prose source.", "examples": [ { "surface": "arnap", "natural": "the woman's / the woman (as transitive subject)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "Bittner1994:9", "AITWG:§6.7", "AITWG:§7.5" ], "id": "N_ERG_SG", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "the ___'s … (owner), or the ___ as the one doing something to {{Subject}}", "en_short": "owner / do-er", "da": "___'s … (ejeren), eller ___ som den, der gør noget ved nogen/noget", "da_short": "ejer / gør noget", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_INS_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental singular (object of intransitive verb with -qar; manner; means)", "case": "instrumental" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-mik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Can also mark the noun as what someone has or what exists when used with -qar.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qimmiimik", "natural": "a dog (instrumental — e.g., as object of -qar)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "AITWG:§7.6" ], "id": "N_INS_SG", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using a ___", "en_short": "with/using", "da": "med/ved hjælp af en ___", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_ALL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative singular (motion towards; purpose)", "case": "allative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-mut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.1 Figure 13.2 lists singular N{qmut} as a variant, particularly in temporal or lexicalized forms such as ullormut 'daily' versus ullumut 'to the day'. It is recorded as a variant of this allative, not as a separate productive ending." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atuarfimmut", "natural": "to school, towards school" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "AITWG:§7.6", "AITWG:§13.1" ], "id": "N_ALL_SG", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards a ___", "en_short": "to/towards", "da": "til/hen mod en ___", "da_short": "til/hen mod", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_LOC_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative singular (position at/in)", "case": "locative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-mi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Reusable Danish stays i/ved (issue #812). ved is not only a calque of English at: Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.1 glosses the locative verbalizer as være på/i/ved/hos N. Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -/+miippoq is er i; er på; er hos (på, not ved), and his locative examples are illumi 'i huset' and ullumi 'i dag'. A town or house sentence therefore selects i (Nuummi: i Nuuk; iglumi: in the house). nunami 'on land' is the på case. Do not rewrite the i/ved template into i/på, and do not expand it to every preposition Nielsen lists.", "examples": [ { "surface": "iglumi", "natural": "in the house" }, { "surface": "nunami", "natural": "on land, in the country" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "AITWG:§7.6" ], "id": "N_LOC_SG", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at a ___", "en_short": "in/at", "da": "i/ved en ___", "da_short": "i/ved", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_LOC_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative plural (position at/in/on; plural referent)", "case": "locative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "igaffinni", "natural": "in the kitchens (AITWG:§7.6's explicit locative-plural worked example; igaffik 'kitchen' has a hard k-stem)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.6", "AITWG:§6.7" ], "id": "N_LOC_PL", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at ___s", "en_short": "in/at (plural)", "da": "i/ved flere ___", "da_short": "i/ved (flertal)", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_ABL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative singular (motion away from; origin)", "case": "ablative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-mit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.1 Figure 13.2 also lists singular time/stacking variant N{qmat} and lengthened-vowel variants N{miit}/N{miik}; the prose says these carry no special meaning and reflect variation in distinguishing final /t/ from /k/. The long source form N{mat}{naanniit} means 'originate from N'. These are documented as ablative variants/compositions, not assigned unconditioned allomorph rules or separate IDs here." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iglumit", "natural": "from the house" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "AITWG:§7.6", "AITWG:§13.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§1a Skema 39" ], "id": "N_ABL_SG", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from a ___", "en_short": "from", "da": "fra en ___", "da_short": "fra", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_ABL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative plural (motion away from; origin; plural referent)", "case": "ablative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "The ordinary written plural ablative is -nit, explicitly listed by Bjornum2012:K4§1a Skema 39 and Nielsen2012:§4.1.1.2. AITWG:§7.6 Figure 7.4 uses phonemic N{nət}, while the local §13.1 transcription renders this cell as N{nat}; that notation discrepancy is retained here rather than used as the written build form. The cited paradigm supports this ending even though this pass found no source-backed worked sentence with an ordinary unpossessed common noun; no surface example is invented.", "AITWG:§13.1 Figure 13.2 records plural N{niit}/N{niik} and the long N{nat}{naanniit} form. Its N{qmat}, N{qnat} alternatives are printed together in the singular column, not bound to the plural slot by this table. The lengthened-vowel t/k forms carry no special meaning. Bjornum2012:K4§1a Skema 39 and Nielsen2012:§4.1.1.2 independently list the long plural -ninngaanniit form. These remain documented variants/compositions, without an unconditioned allomorph selector." ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.1", "AITWG:§7.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§1a Skema 39" ], "id": "N_ABL_PL", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from ___s", "en_short": "from (plural)", "da": "fra flere ___", "da_short": "fra (flertal)", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_EQU_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis/similaris singular (like, as, in the manner of)", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_SG:ded44996d431", "items": [ { "text": "equalis/similaris singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "AITWG:§7.6", "AITWG:§13.1" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "like, as, in the manner of", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis/similaris singular", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "AITWG:§7.6", "AITWG:§13.1" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "This ending shares its form with N_EQU_PL; AITWG:§13.1 Figure 13.2 lists singular N{qtut} as a variant in temporal expressions or stacked case endings, recorded on the shared equalis form without a new productivity claim." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angutitut", "natural": "like a man, as a man" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "AITWG:§7.6", "AITWG:§13.1" ], "id": "N_EQU_SG", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like a ___ / as a ___, in the manner of a ___", "en_short": "like / as", "da": "som en ___ / ligesom en ___, på samme måde som en ___", "da_short": "som / ligesom", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_VIA_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis singular (by, through)", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_SG:cb7f57b51338", "items": [ { "text": "vialis singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§7.6" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "by, through", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§7.6" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-kkut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "First real entry for this case (docs/reference/linguistics/aitwg-rule-compliance-audit.md previously flagged case:vialis as AITWG-cited but with zero real-data entries). N_VIA_PL is now modeled separately, with its ordinary common-noun example and plural citation below.", "N_ALL_PL (plain plural allative, -nut, on an ordinary non-possessed common noun) is modeled from cited paradigms, with no invented pedagogy example: searches in docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/ and docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/ found only possessive-fused or pronoun -nut/-nnut examples, not a worked ordinary common-noun example.", "N_ABL_PL is now modeled from AITWG:§13.1 Figure 13.1's explicit N{nat} paradigm cell, cross-checked with the §7.6, Nielsen2012, and Bjornum2012 paradigms. No ordinary unpossessed common-noun sentence was located, so the entry has no fabricated pedagogy example." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "matukkut", "natural": "through the door (AITWG:§7.6's own worked example: Piitap qimmeq matukkut takuaa, 'Peter saw the dog through the door'; from matu, 'door')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.6" ], "id": "N_VIA_SG", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through a ___ / by way of a ___", "en_short": "through / by way of", "da": "gennem en ___ / via en ___", "da_short": "gennem / via", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_VIA_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis plural (by, through, along; plural referent)", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_PL:aab87b943fc2", "items": [ { "text": "vialis plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§7.6", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.3.2.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§1a Skema 39", "Bjornum2012:K4§1b" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "by, through, along; plural referent", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§7.6", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.3.2.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§1a Skema 39", "Bjornum2012:K4§1b" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aqqusinikkut", "natural": "along the roads (plural vialis; ordinary common noun aqqusinik 'road'; Nielsen2012:§6.4.3.2.5 and Bjornum2012:K4§1b give the ordinary singular aqqusinikkut, while AITWG:§7.6 Figure 7.4 and Bjornum2012:K4§1a Skema 39 explicitly give the plural -tigut)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.6", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.3.2.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§1a Skema 39", "Bjornum2012:K4§1b" ], "id": "N_VIA_PL", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through ___s / by way of ___s", "en_short": "through / by way of (plural)", "da": "gennem flere ___ / via flere ___", "da_short": "gennem / via (flertal)", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_ALL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative plural (motion towards; purpose)", "case": "allative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The plural allative ending is independently recorded in the cited grammar sources. No plain, non-possessed common-noun example is included here: the available -nut/-nnut examples are possessive or pronoun forms, so inventing a surface form would violate this repo's no-invented-forms discipline." }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§7.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j" ], "id": "N_ALL_PL", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards ___s", "en_short": "to/towards (plural)", "da": "til/hen mod flere ___", "da_short": "til/hen mod (flertal)", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_ABS_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive plural (subject of intransitive verb, object of transitive verb; identical in form to the ergative plural)", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_PL:025fa4648fbe", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§7.5", "AITWG:§6.7", "Bjornum2012:K4§2i Skema 40" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "subject of intransitive verb, object of transitive verb; identical in form to the ergative plural", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§7.5", "AITWG:§6.7", "Bjornum2012:K4§2i Skema 40" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-t", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Declension-conditioned allomorphy, the plural counterpart of N_ERG_SG's -p/-up split: p-declined (weak) stems take -t (illu -> illut), up-declined (k-stems and strong q-stems) take -it (panik -> paniit). Formally identical to N_ERG_PL in both allomorphs -- Greenlandic marks no absolutive/ergative distinction in the plural (AITWG:§7.5, Figure 7.3); word order or the verb ending disambiguates a bare plural noun.", "examples": [ { "surface": "illut", "natural": "houses (absolutive plural; p-declined stem illu; AITWG:§6.7)" }, { "surface": "paniit", "natural": "daughters (absolutive plural; up-declined k-stem panik; AITWG:§6.7)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.5", "AITWG:§6.7", "Bjornum2012:K4§2i Skema 40" ], "id": "N_ABS_PL", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "more than one ___", "en_short": "plural", "da": "flere ___", "da_short": "flertal", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "___s", "da": "___" } } } ], "N_ERG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative/relative plural (subject of transitive verb; possessor; identical in form to the absolutive plural)", "case": "ergative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-t", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Same -t/-it declension-conditioned allomorphy as N_ABS_PL (p-declined stems take -t, up-declined stems take -it), and formally identical to it -- Greenlandic marks no absolutive/ergative distinction in the plural (AITWG:§7.5, Figure 7.3, and footnote 13's own example 'qimmit takuaat', ambiguous between 'they saw the dogs' [ABS.pl object] and 'the dogs saw them' [ERG.pl subject]).", "examples": [ { "surface": "inuit", "natural": "people (ergative plural; up-declined k-stem inuk; AITWG:§7.5's own worked example 'inuup, inuit')" }, { "surface": "illut", "natural": "houses (ergative plural; p-declined stem illu; AITWG:§6.7)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.5", "AITWG:§6.7", "Bjornum2012:K4§2i Skema 40" ], "id": "N_ERG_PL", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "the ___s' … (owners), or the ___s as the ones doing something to {{Subject}}", "en_short": "owners / do-ers (plural)", "da": "flere ___'s … (ejere), eller flere ___ som dem, der gør noget ved nogen/noget", "da_short": "ejere / gør noget (flertal)", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_INS_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental plural (unpossessed; object of intransitive verb with -qar; indefinite plural object; manner; means, plural referent)", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_PL:a51dc1ff667a", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental plural (unpossessed; object of intransitive verb with -qar; indefinite plural object; manner; means, plural referent)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§1 (p.71)", "Bjornum2012:K4§1b (pp.73-75)" ], "rationale": "The gloss strings together several instrumental uses separated by semicolons and a final comma. The cited grammar references do not establish from this review whether these are one unified role description, separate uses, or a mixture; do not convert any segment into options." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.1 Figure 13.1 shows the singular m / plural n onset alternation in instrumental, allative, ablative and locative endings. This is not an alternation shared by all six oblique cases: vialis has N{kkut}/N{tagut}, and equalis has N{tut} in both numbers. The written instrumental -mik/-nik pair is independently listed by Nielsen2012:§4.1.1.2 and Bjornum2012:K4§1 Skema 39; the historical explanation in Aside 13.1 is not a new productive rule." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "siutinik", "natural": "with/using ears (instrumental plural of siut, 'ear'; contrast singular siummik -- Nielsen2012's own minimal pair)" }, { "surface": "ujaqqanik tigusivoq", "natural": "he took some stones (ujaqqanik = plural instrumental of ujaqqaq, 'stone', indefinite object of the intransitive verb tigusivoq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§1 (p.71)", "Bjornum2012:K4§1b (pp.73-75)" ], "id": "N_INS_PL", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using ___s", "en_short": "with/using (plural)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af flere ___", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af (flertal)", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_EQU_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis/similaris plural (like, as, in the manner of; formally identical to the singular)", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_PL:5bd8c4a34799", "items": [ { "text": "equalis/similaris plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "AITWG:§7.6", "AITWG:§13.1" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "like, as, in the manner of; formally identical to the singular", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis/similaris plural", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "AITWG:§7.6", "AITWG:§13.1" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "This ending shares its form with N_EQU_SG; AITWG:§13.1 Figure 13.2 lists singular N{qtut} as a variant in temporal expressions or stacked case endings, recorded on the shared equalis form without a new productivity claim." ] }, "pedagogy": { "note": "AITWG:§7.6's own Figure 7.4 lists both the equalis singular and plural as N{tut} -- unlike the other five prepositional cases, equalis does not distinguish number morphologically, so this entry's surface form is identical to N_EQU_SG's.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angutitut", "natural": "like men, as men (equalis; same surface form as N_EQU_SG's 'like a man' -- number is disambiguated by context, not the ending)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:26", "AITWG:§7.6", "AITWG:§13.1" ], "id": "N_EQU_PL", "category": "noun_cases", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like ___s / as ___s", "en_short": "like / as (plural)", "da": "som flere ___ / ligesom flere ___", "da_short": "som / ligesom (flertal)", "source": "generated" } } ], "N_ABS_POSS1PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('our Ns')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS1PL_PL:85b2ffb0ccc2", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/-vut" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'our Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/-vut" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-vut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.2's own pattern statement: possessive-absolutive endings for a PLURAL possessum are always truncative (Figure 13.3's own minus-mark on this cell), unlike the singular-possessum counterpart N{(q)vut}, which is epenthetic -- the leading '-' here is Figure 13.3's own mark, not inferred.", "AITWG:§13.2 also records a modern colloquial variant: 'a number of speakers, especially in the younger generation, have taken to saying N{-mit} instead of N{-vut}' for this slot (surfacing as -nin[g] in northern dialects) -- noted as attested variation, not modeled as a second entry." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illuvut", "natural": "our houses (from illu, 'house'; AITWG Figure 13.3's own paradigm noun)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/-vut" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS1PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "our ___ (several things)", "en_short": "our … (several things)", "da": "vores ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "vores … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "our ___", "da": "vores ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS2SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('thy N')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS2SG_SG:e10a99752f2c", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/t/2", "MOFO:n/-it/2" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'thy N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/t/2", "MOFO:n/-it/2" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-t", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_weakening_stem": "-it", "uvular_retaining_stem": "-it", "velar_retaining_stem": "-it" }, "notes": [ "Covers BOTH of MOFO's own two ending/n pages for this slot: N{t} (the p-declined/plain allomorph, MOFO:n/t/2) and N{-it} (the up-declined allomorph, MOFO:n/-it/2) -- one grammatical slot, two declension-conditioned surface forms, folded into a single entry per the same N_ERG_SG -p/-up/-ip precedent (kalaallisut_data/endings/noun_cases.yaml). AITWG:§13.2's own 'Other irregularities' bullet states the conditioning directly: 'the stems that take the unmarked plural variant N{-it} will also take N{-it} as their absolutive 2.sg possessive ending.' Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41 independently lists +it for strong q-stems. The allomorphs map's stem-type keys approximate that up-declined class using the closest existing enum values; the source's own formulation is declension-keyed, not stem-type-keyed, per the note on N_ERG_SG.", "AITWG:§13.2 flags the resulting homography with the unmarked plural (illut = 'thy house' OR 'houses'): speakers disambiguate with the explicit possessor pronoun illit ('illit illut' = unambiguously 'thy house')." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illut", "natural": "thy house (from illu; homographic with the plain plural 'houses', see notes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/t/2", "MOFO:n/-it/2" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS2SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "your ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "your … (one thing)", "da": "din ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "din … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "your ___", "da": "din ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('his/her/its N')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG:dcc97fa836aa", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/-a", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 127" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'his/her/its N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/-a", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 127" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-a", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+aa" }, "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.2 notes 3rd person is the one slot using two entirely UNRELATED markers for singular vs. plural possessum (N{-a} here vs. N{-i} for 'his Ns'), unlike every other person's singular/plural pair -- the 3pl forms are then built by adding the plural marker {t} onto these (see N_ABS_POSS3PL_SG)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illua", "natural": "his/her house (from illu; AITWG Figure 13.3)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/-a", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 127" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "his/her/its ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "his/her/its … (one thing)", "da": "hans/hendes/dens ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "hans/hendes/dens … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "his/her/its ___", "da": "hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS3PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('their N')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS3PL_SG:06f995be33c5", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/-at", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 127" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'their N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/-at", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 127" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-at", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+aat" }, "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.2 derives this cell from N{-a} plus plural {t}. The plural-possessum counterpart N{-i(t)} is present as N_ABS_POSS3PL_PL: the source drops its /t/ unless /i/ assimilates to [a]. The older note calling that slot unmodeled is obsolete. Existing encoded conditions do not by themselves prove all source examples; in particular the printed piit example conflicts with its parenthetical instruction to drop /t/ and remains a source-fidelity hold." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illuat", "natural": "their house (from illu; AITWG:§13.2's own worked example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "MOFO:n/-at", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 127" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS3PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "their ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "their … (one thing)", "da": "deres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "deres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "their ___", "da": "deres ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS4SG_SG_ARCHAIC": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('his/her own N') -- ARCHAIC form; the modern ending for this slot is N{ni}, not modeled here since MOFO's ending/n bucket contains only this archaic page", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS4SG_SG_ARCHAIC:0ede01af6300", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "MOFO:n/'-i", "SchultzLorentzen1926:panni", "Oqaatsit1997:panni", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:panni" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('his/her own N') -- ARCHAIC form; the modern ending for this slot is N{ni}, not modeled here since MOFO's ending/n bucket contains only this archaic page", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "MOFO:n/'-i", "SchultzLorentzen1926:panni", "Oqaatsit1997:panni", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:panni" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-i", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "left_sandhi": "vc_deletion", "notes": [ "AITWG's own Aside 13.2 ('Archaic 4th persons', §13.2) documents this exact ending and its 'very peculiar sandhi rule': it deletes the stem's final vowel+consonant (rime), geminating the exposed onset consonant when possible -- {arnaq}N{-i} -> arni ('his own mother'), panik -> panni ('his own daughter'), atuagaq -> atuakki ('his own book'). Previously modeled as inflection_sandhi:irregular, which is INERT here: inflection_sandhi is always read off the preceding STEM by oq's engine, never off the incoming ending itself (oq#404 follow-up round) -- this ending's own idiosyncratic attachment rule belongs on left_sandhi instead, the same dimension as an ordinary truncative/replacive value. left_sandhi:vc_deletion (oq#404) implements the rule directly: cluster-blocked hosts (arnaq, erneq -- the exposed onset /n/ already follows a consonant /r/) delete the rime only; an intervocalic onset (atuagaq's /g/) would attempt compensatory gemination via the stem's own morphology_class.gemination pair, not yet exercised by any published gold vector here.", "No longer productive: per AITWG's own Aside, it survives only in lexicalised forms 'you may still encounter'; new formations use the modern N{ni}. MOFO's own page id is the apostrophe-marked '-i (its gemination mark), distinct from the plain 3sg/pl N{-i}." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arni", "natural": "his/her own mother (lexicalised archaic form, from arnaq; AITWG Aside 13.2's own example)" }, { "surface": "panni", "natural": "his/her own daughter (from panik, with gemination; AITWG Aside 13.2's own example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "MOFO:n/'-i", "SchultzLorentzen1926:panni", "Oqaatsit1997:panni", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:panni" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS4SG_SG_ARCHAIC", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "his/her/its own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "his/her/its own … (one thing)", "da": "sin egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "sin egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "his/her/its own ___", "da": "sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS4SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('his/her own N', as transitive subject or possessor-of-possessor)", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS4SG_SG:5364084546a3", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "AITWG:§13.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "MOFO:n/mi/1" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('his/her own N', as transitive subject or possessor-of-possessor", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "AITWG:§13.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "MOFO:n/mi/1" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "mi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "AITWG:§13.3's Figure 13.4 gives this cell as N{mi} (additive, per that figure's own singular-possessum-endings-are-additive pattern statement); §13.3's 'Patterns' prose derives it as the absolutive marker {ni} with its initial consonant shifted to the labial /m/ that marks ergativity throughout the set.", "This same {mi} marker is the 4sg member of the reduced {-ERG-} set (AITWG:§13.4, Figure 13.5) that the prepositional-case possessive endings are built on -- e.g. allative panimminut, 'to his own daughter', is {mi} + the prepositional {nut} (§13.4's own worked example)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illumi", "natural": "of his/her own house (from illu; homographic in writing with the locative illumi, 'in the house' -- context and syntax disambiguate)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "AITWG:§13.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "MOFO:n/mi/1" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS4SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "his/her/its own ___ (one thing), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "his/her/its own … (one thing) as owner/do-er", "da": "sin egen ___ (en ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "sin egen … (en ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "his/her/its own ___", "da": "sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS3PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('to their N')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS3PL_SG:12651be8d94d", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.4", "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "MOFO:n/-atnut", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 129" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to their N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.4", "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "MOFO:n/-atnut", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 129" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-annut", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+aannut" }, "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Built per AITWG:§13.4-13.5's uniform construction: the reduced possessor marker for 3pl (the absolutive-derived {-at}, per Figure 13.5's red-arrow ABS-set borrowings) fused with the plain allative morpheme {nut} -- /at/+/nut/ with the ordinary /tn/ -> [nn] assimilation giving the attested -annut. MOFO's own morphemic form N{-atnut} shows the pre-assimilation segmentation directly.", "The modern possessive grid is now present across all eight cases, with sixteen grammatical cells per case and the archaic absolutive fourth-person cell kept separately. AITWG:§13.4–§13.5 explains prepositional endings using reduced possessor markers; its overview treats this modular decomposition as a mnemonic for a frozen paradigm, not productive generation of arbitrary new endings. The earlier claim that the remaining grid is unmodeled is obsolete; presence alone does not certify every boundary rule." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illuannut", "natural": "to their house (from illu)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.4", "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "MOFO:n/-atnut", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 129" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS3PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards their ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "to/towards their … (one thing)", "da": "til/hen mod deres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod deres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards their ___", "da": "til/hen mod deres ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS1SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('my N')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS1SG_SG:420e6a9598ad", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "Bjornum2012:K4§2a", "Nielsen2012:§7.1" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'my N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "Bjornum2012:K4§2a", "Nielsen2012:§7.1" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ga", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_deleting_stem": "-ra" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum's own footnote to Skema 41: of the two weak-stem variants, -ga is used on vowel- and k-stems, -ra on q-stems (with exceptions).", "allomorphs (jandahl/oq#773 triage): the general split is now encoded -- -ga stays the default (already covers the cited vowel-/k-stem case), and the weak q-stem (morphology_class.stem_type:uvular_deleting_stem, Bjornum's Skema 41 is specifically about WEAK stems, not the strong q-stem family) takes -ra.", "isi ('eye') is a real, cited exception -- Bjornum2012 K4§2a's own prose gives isi taking -ra (isera) despite being a vowel-final stem, because its final consonant historically wobbles, independently indexed by Nielsen2012's own irregular-nominals list (§7.1: 'isi, øje, isera, mit øje') -- but genuinely NOT encodable with any mechanism this schema/engine currently supports, confirmed empirically via oq's own tools/check-worked-examples.mjs forward chain-builder, not just reasoned from the field descriptions: application_logic.lexical_overrides bypasses this ending's own boundary_behavior:truncating by design (for cases with genuinely no productive rule) and appends its value verbatim onto the host's UNMODIFIED surface, giving 'isiisera' for a naive {isi: isera} value; application_logic.vowel_onset_allomorphs doesn't bypass boundary_behavior, but oq's own truncative join operation (docs/morph_engine.js) only ever deletes a host's trailing CONSONANT, never a trailing VOWEL -- isi is already vowel-final, so 'truncating' is a no-op for it, and a {i: '-era'} value gives 'isiera', not 'isera' (confirmed by direct engine trace, not assumed). Building 'isera' from 'isi' requires the host's own trailing /i/ to be REPLACED, which no existing boundary_behavior value (truncating/additive/assimilative/none) or JOIN operation supports for a vowel-final host -- a genuine engine gap (a vowel-final-host-replacement join type doesn't exist yet), not a grammarian-side encoding gap. Left in prose only rather than force a structured field that would build the wrong surface; flag for future oq engine work before re-attempting a structured encoding here." ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "Bjornum2012:K4§2a", "Nielsen2012:§7.1" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS1SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "my ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "my … (one thing)", "da": "min ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "min … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "my ___", "da": "min ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS1SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('my Ns')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS1SG_PL:992360b4ead0", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'my Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-kka", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS1SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "my ___ (several things)", "en_short": "my … (several things)", "da": "min ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "min … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "my ___", "da": "min ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS2SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('thy Ns')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS2SG_PL:7d6f7d4ffb69", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'thy Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS2SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "your ___ (several things)", "en_short": "your … (several things)", "da": "din ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "din … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "your ___", "da": "din ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS3SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('his/her/its Ns')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS3SG_PL:7e69152ba62c", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 127" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'his/her/its Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 127" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-i", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+ai" }, "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 127" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS3SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "his/her/its ___ (several things)", "en_short": "his/her/its … (several things)", "da": "hans/hendes/dens ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "hans/hendes/dens … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "his/her/its ___", "da": "hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS4SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('his/her own N')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS4SG_SG:d1a350f1d46d", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('his/her own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "The MODERN ending for this slot; the archaic syllable-replacing N{-i} for the same cell is modeled separately as N_ABS_POSS4SG_SG_ARCHAIC (see that entry)." ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS4SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "his/her/its own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "his/her/its own … (one thing)", "da": "sin egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "sin egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "his/her/its own ___", "da": "sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS4SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('his/her own Ns')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS4SG_PL:33bae57feeba", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('his/her own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS4SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "his/her/its own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "his/her/its own … (several things)", "da": "sin egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "sin egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "his/her/its own ___", "da": "sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS1PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('our N')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS1PL_SG:67d2eaa5a353", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'our N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-rput", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS1PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "our ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "our … (one thing)", "da": "vores ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "vores … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "our ___", "da": "vores ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS2PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('your (pl.) N')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS2PL_SG:333e009b32d5", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'your (pl.) N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-rsi", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS2PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "your (several of you) ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "your (several of you) … (one thing)", "da": "jeres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "jeres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "your ___", "da": "jeres ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS2PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('your (pl.) Ns')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS2PL_PL:d3480bef3b93", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'your (pl.) Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-si", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS2PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "your (several of you) ___ (several things)", "en_short": "your (several of you) … (several things)", "da": "jeres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "jeres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "your ___", "da": "jeres ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS3PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('their Ns')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS3PL_PL:2a45c2f154db", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'their Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-i", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-at" }, "notes": [ "The genuinely irregular cell: AITWG:§13.2's own 'unfortunate, unavoidable irregularity' -- underlyingly N{-i(t)}, the /t/ drops unless the /i/ assimilates to [a] (illui vs. arnaat, AITWG's own four-way example set); Bjornum's Skema 41 records the same i/u-vs-a split.", "vowel_onset_allomorphs (jandahl/oq#773 triage): after an a-final host the /i/ assimilates and the /t/ is retained, surfacing -at (arna + -at -> arnaat, arnaq being this repo's own a-final stem); the default -i covers the t-dropping case attested after the u-final host illu (illu + -i -> illui). Only a is keyed here -- the i-quality slot is left unset pending an attested i-final example in this repo's own sources, per the never-invent-examples rule." ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS3PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "their ___ (several things)", "en_short": "their … (several things)", "da": "deres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "deres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "their ___", "da": "deres ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS4PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('their own N')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS4PL_SG:8907fdc8145f", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('their own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-rtik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS4PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "their own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "their own … (one thing)", "da": "deres egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "deres egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "their own ___", "da": "deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_ABS_POSS4PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('their own Ns')", "case": "absolutive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABS_POSS4PL_PL:586208cb2e99", "items": [ { "text": "absolutive, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('their own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "absolutive, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 41" ], "id": "N_ABS_POSS4PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "their own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "their own … (several things)", "da": "deres egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "deres egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "their own ___", "da": "deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS1SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('my N')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS1SG_SG:ee804dbe6636", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'my N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ma", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS1SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "my ___ (one thing), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "my … (one thing) as owner/do-er", "da": "min ___ (en ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "min … (en ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "my ___", "da": "min ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS1SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('my Ns')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS1SG_PL:e973fc96bc51", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'my Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ma", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS1SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "my ___ (several things), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "my … (several things) as owner/do-er", "da": "min ___ (flere ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "min … (flere ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "my ___", "da": "min ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS2SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('thy N')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS2SG_SG:52dd4ad52096", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'thy N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-rpit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "inflection_sandhi_allomorphs": { "geminating": "-vit" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum's footnote to Skema 42 states -rpit is most common and geminating stems take -vit (example atuakkavit); K8§2 ex83 independently gives meeraq -> meeqqavit. AITWG:§13.3 describes the same gemination-conditioned split. These examples support the profile rule, while the qimmeq paradigm in K4§2 and illu paradigm in K8§2 ex54-62 provide non-geminating controls.", "The selector is keyed by the preceding stem's inflection_sandhi:geminating profile, with that profile's required morphology_class.gemination {from,to} pair; it is intentionally not keyed by stem_type, since geminating and non-geminating stems share stem types." ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS2SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "your ___ (one thing), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "your … (one thing) as owner/do-er", "da": "din ___ (en ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "din … (en ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "your ___", "da": "din ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS2SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('thy Ns')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS2SG_PL:7efc1dc4dfb4", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'thy Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-it" }, "underlying_form": "-vit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS2SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "your ___ (several things), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "your … (several things) as owner/do-er", "da": "din ___ (flere ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "din … (flere ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "your ___", "da": "din ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS3SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('his/her/its N')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS3SG_SG:d49c3b08626b", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 128" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'his/her/its N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 128" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ata", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+aata" }, "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 128" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS3SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "his/her/its ___ (one thing), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "his/her/its … (one thing) as owner/do-er", "da": "hans/hendes/dens ___ (en ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "hans/hendes/dens … (en ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "his/her/its ___", "da": "hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS3SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('his/her/its Ns')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS3SG_PL:967349329c2d", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 128" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'his/her/its Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 128" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-isa", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+aasa" }, "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-asa", "aa": "-isa" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+isa" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +isa form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 128" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS3SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "his/her/its ___ (several things), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "his/her/its … (several things) as owner/do-er", "da": "hans/hendes/dens ___ (flere ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "hans/hendes/dens … (flere ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "his/her/its ___", "da": "hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS4SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('his/her own Ns')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS4SG_PL:5e2685569af0", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('his/her own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-mi", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS4SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "his/her/its own ___ (several things), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "his/her/its own … (several things) as owner/do-er", "da": "sin egen ___ (flere ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "sin egen … (flere ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "his/her/its own ___", "da": "sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS1PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('our N')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS1PL_SG:c77fb24192b9", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'our N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tta", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS1PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "our ___ (one thing), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "our … (one thing) as owner/do-er", "da": "vores ___ (en ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "vores … (en ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "our ___", "da": "vores ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS1PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('our Ns')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS1PL_PL:fce99d354a4e", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'our Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tta", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS1PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "our ___ (several things), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "our … (several things) as owner/do-er", "da": "vores ___ (flere ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "vores … (flere ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "our ___", "da": "vores ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS2PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('your (pl.) N')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS2PL_SG:d975963c56f8", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'your (pl.) N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssi", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS2PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "your (several of you) ___ (one thing), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "your (several of you) … (one thing) as owner/do-er", "da": "jeres ___ (en ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "jeres … (en ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "your ___", "da": "jeres ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS2PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('your (pl.) Ns')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS2PL_PL:2e51e8250d99", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'your (pl.) Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssi", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS2PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "your (several of you) ___ (several things), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "your (several of you) … (several things) as owner/do-er", "da": "jeres ___ (flere ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "jeres … (flere ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "your ___", "da": "jeres ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS3PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('their N')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS3PL_SG:7f3d09985071", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'their N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ata", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS3PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "their ___ (one thing), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "their … (one thing) as owner/do-er", "da": "deres ___ (en ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "deres … (en ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "their ___", "da": "deres ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS3PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('their Ns')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS3PL_PL:fb5a33b245f1", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'their Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-isa", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-asa", "aa": "-isa" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+isa" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +isa form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS3PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "their ___ (several things), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "their … (several things) as owner/do-er", "da": "deres ___ (flere ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "deres … (flere ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "their ___", "da": "deres ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS4PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('their own N')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS4PL_SG:7edbcf08a76b", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('their own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-mik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS4PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "their own ___ (one thing), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "their own … (one thing) as owner/do-er", "da": "deres egen ___ (en ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "deres egen … (en ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "their own ___", "da": "deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_ERG_POSS4PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ergative, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('their own Ns')", "case": "ergative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ERG_POSS4PL_PL:62f2f4356654", "items": [ { "text": "ergative, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('their own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ergative, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-mik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 42" ], "id": "N_ERG_POSS4PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "their own ___ (several things), when it is the owner or the one doing something", "en_short": "their own … (several things) as owner/do-er", "da": "deres egen ___ (flere ting), når det er ejeren eller den, der gør noget", "da_short": "deres egen … (flere ting) som ejer", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "their own ___", "da": "deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS1SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('with my N')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS1SG_SG:e2d2125fed55", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with my N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS1SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using my ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "with/using my … (one thing)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af min ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af min … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using my ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af min ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS1SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('with my Ns')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS1SG_PL:6887f88d8f4c", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with my Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS1SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using my ___ (several things)", "en_short": "with/using my … (several things)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af min ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af min … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using my ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af min ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS2SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('with thy N')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS2SG_SG:f7a912d19a23", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with thy N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS2SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using your ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "with/using your … (one thing)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af din ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af din … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using your ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af din ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS2SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('with thy Ns')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS2SG_PL:350282811ebc", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with thy Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS2SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using your ___ (several things)", "en_short": "with/using your … (several things)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af din ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af din … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using your ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af din ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS3SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('with his/her/its N')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS3SG_SG:871fd0e6d3e7", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with his/her/its N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-anik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS3SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using his/her/its ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "with/using his/her/its … (one thing)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af hans/hendes/dens ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af hans/hendes/dens … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using his/her/its ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS3SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('with his/her/its Ns')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS3SG_PL:39826b226224", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with his/her/its Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-inik", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-anik", "aa": "-inik" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+inik" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +inik form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS3SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using his/her/its ___ (several things)", "en_short": "with/using his/her/its … (several things)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af hans/hendes/dens ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af hans/hendes/dens … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using his/her/its ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS4SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('with his/her own N')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS4SG_SG:5878409a99d6", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('with his/her own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "minik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS4SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using his/her/its own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "with/using his/her/its own … (one thing)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af sin egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af sin egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using his/her/its own ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS4SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('with his/her own Ns')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS4SG_PL:79e30b2ab82a", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('with his/her own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-minik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS4SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using his/her/its own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "with/using his/her/its own … (several things)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af sin egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af sin egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using his/her/its own ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS1PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('with our N')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS1PL_SG:f88aef5d9750", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with our N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsinnik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS1PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using our ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "with/using our … (one thing)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af vores ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af vores … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using our ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af vores ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS1PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('with our Ns')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS1PL_PL:d2adfb86f628", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with our Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsinnik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS1PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using our ___ (several things)", "en_short": "with/using our … (several things)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af vores ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af vores … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using our ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af vores ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS2PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('with your (pl.) N')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS2PL_SG:d66bf1843db4", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with your (pl.) N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssinnik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS2PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using your (several of you) ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "with/using your (several of you) … (one thing)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af jeres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af jeres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using your ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af jeres ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS2PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('with your (pl.) Ns')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS2PL_PL:e2c8ebb2ab6c", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with your (pl.) Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssinnik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS2PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using your (several of you) ___ (several things)", "en_short": "with/using your (several of you) … (several things)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af jeres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af jeres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using your ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af jeres ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS3PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('with their N')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS3PL_SG:6cd743221166", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with their N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-annik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS3PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using their ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "with/using their … (one thing)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af deres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af deres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using their ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af deres ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS3PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('with their Ns')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS3PL_PL:ac36d4a58715", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'with their Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-inik", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-annik", "aa": "-inik" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+inik" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +inik form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS3PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using their ___ (several things)", "en_short": "with/using their … (several things)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af deres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af deres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using their ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af deres ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS4PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('with their own N')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS4PL_SG:e8c1d1cf41d5", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('with their own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "minnik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS4PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using their own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "with/using their own … (one thing)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af deres egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af deres egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using their own ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_INS_POSS4PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "instrumental, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('with their own Ns')", "case": "instrumental", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_INS_POSS4PL_PL:b7d3aa755460", "items": [ { "text": "instrumental, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('with their own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "instrumental, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-minnik", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 43" ], "id": "N_INS_POSS4PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with/using their own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "with/using their own … (several things)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af deres egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af deres egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "with/using their own ___", "da": "med/ved hjælp af deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS1SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('to my N')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS1SG_SG:70e0f886b1b0", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to my N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS1SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards my ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "to/towards my … (one thing)", "da": "til/hen mod min ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod min … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards my ___", "da": "til/hen mod min ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS1SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('to my Ns')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS1SG_PL:66582bf4328b", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to my Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS1SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards my ___ (several things)", "en_short": "to/towards my … (several things)", "da": "til/hen mod min ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod min … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards my ___", "da": "til/hen mod min ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS2SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('to thy N')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS2SG_SG:22df1e22b9ac", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to thy N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS2SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards your ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "to/towards your … (one thing)", "da": "til/hen mod din ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod din … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards your ___", "da": "til/hen mod din ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS2SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('to thy Ns')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS2SG_PL:8debd09a6113", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to thy Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS2SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards your ___ (several things)", "en_short": "to/towards your … (several things)", "da": "til/hen mod din ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod din … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards your ___", "da": "til/hen mod din ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS3SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('to his/her/its N')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS3SG_SG:aacbaa846cfa", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 129" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to his/her/its N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 129" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-anut", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+aanut" }, "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 129" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS3SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards his/her/its ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "to/towards his/her/its … (one thing)", "da": "til/hen mod hans/hendes/dens ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod hans/hendes/dens … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards his/her/its ___", "da": "til/hen mod hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS3SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('to his/her/its Ns')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS3SG_PL:751eb7622cb6", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to his/her/its Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-inut", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-anut", "aa": "-inut" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+inut" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +inut form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS3SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards his/her/its ___ (several things)", "en_short": "to/towards his/her/its … (several things)", "da": "til/hen mod hans/hendes/dens ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod hans/hendes/dens … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards his/her/its ___", "da": "til/hen mod hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS4SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('to his/her own N')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS4SG_SG:d03a5e9e4974", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('to his/her own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "minut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS4SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards his/her/its own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "to/towards his/her/its own … (one thing)", "da": "til/hen mod sin egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod sin egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards his/her/its own ___", "da": "til/hen mod sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS4SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('to his/her own Ns')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS4SG_PL:25a7b489036f", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('to his/her own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-minut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS4SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards his/her/its own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "to/towards his/her/its own … (several things)", "da": "til/hen mod sin egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod sin egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards his/her/its own ___", "da": "til/hen mod sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS1PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('to our N')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS1PL_SG:99923b105b59", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to our N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsinnut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS1PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards our ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "to/towards our … (one thing)", "da": "til/hen mod vores ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod vores … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards our ___", "da": "til/hen mod vores ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS1PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('to our Ns')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS1PL_PL:08cfef3e2a7e", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to our Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsinnut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS1PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards our ___ (several things)", "en_short": "to/towards our … (several things)", "da": "til/hen mod vores ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod vores … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards our ___", "da": "til/hen mod vores ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS2PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('to your (pl.) N')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS2PL_SG:7709262fe746", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to your (pl.) N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssinnut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS2PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards your (several of you) ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "to/towards your (several of you) … (one thing)", "da": "til/hen mod jeres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod jeres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards your ___", "da": "til/hen mod jeres ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS2PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('to your (pl.) Ns')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS2PL_PL:eeb9c5d09c99", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to your (pl.) Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssinnut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS2PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards your (several of you) ___ (several things)", "en_short": "to/towards your (several of you) … (several things)", "da": "til/hen mod jeres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod jeres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards your ___", "da": "til/hen mod jeres ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS3PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('to their Ns')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS3PL_PL:873e54606b04", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'to their Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-inut", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-annut", "aa": "-inut" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+inut" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +inut form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS3PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards their ___ (several things)", "en_short": "to/towards their … (several things)", "da": "til/hen mod deres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod deres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards their ___", "da": "til/hen mod deres ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS4PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('to their own N')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS4PL_SG:5a8ca0ed1b31", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('to their own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "minnut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS4PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards their own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "to/towards their own … (one thing)", "da": "til/hen mod deres egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod deres egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards their own ___", "da": "til/hen mod deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_ALL_POSS4PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "allative, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('to their own Ns')", "case": "allative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ALL_POSS4PL_PL:bf86e72d4e46", "items": [ { "text": "allative, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('to their own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "allative, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-minnut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 44" ], "id": "N_ALL_POSS4PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to/towards their own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "to/towards their own … (several things)", "da": "til/hen mod deres egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "til/hen mod deres egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "to/towards their own ___", "da": "til/hen mod deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS1SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('in/at my N')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS1SG_SG:c47d6507a278", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at my N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS1SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at my ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "in/at my … (one thing)", "da": "i/ved min ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "i/ved min … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at my ___", "da": "i/ved min ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS1SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('in/at my Ns')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS1SG_PL:8d2799b18c4d", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at my Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS1SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at my ___ (several things)", "en_short": "in/at my … (several things)", "da": "i/ved min ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "i/ved min … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at my ___", "da": "i/ved min ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS2SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('in/at thy N')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS2SG_SG:5193c9966d21", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at thy N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS2SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at your ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "in/at your … (one thing)", "da": "i/ved din ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "i/ved din … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at your ___", "da": "i/ved din ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS2SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('in/at thy Ns')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS2SG_PL:4358e73e8c07", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at thy Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS2SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at your ___ (several things)", "en_short": "in/at your … (several things)", "da": "i/ved din ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "i/ved din … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at your ___", "da": "i/ved din ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS3SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('in/at his/her/its N')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS3SG_SG:310d2d5ed202", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at his/her/its N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ani", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS3SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at his/her/its ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "in/at his/her/its … (one thing)", "da": "i/ved hans/hendes/dens ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "i/ved hans/hendes/dens … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at his/her/its ___", "da": "i/ved hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS3SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('in/at his/her/its Ns')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS3SG_PL:00182db228b4", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at his/her/its Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ini", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-ani", "aa": "-ini" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+ini" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +ini form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS3SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at his/her/its ___ (several things)", "en_short": "in/at his/her/its … (several things)", "da": "i/ved hans/hendes/dens ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "i/ved hans/hendes/dens … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at his/her/its ___", "da": "i/ved hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS4SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('in/at his/her own N')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS4SG_SG:bf6e84203b7a", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('in/at his/her own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "mini", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS4SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at his/her/its own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "in/at his/her/its own … (one thing)", "da": "i/ved sin egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "i/ved sin egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at his/her/its own ___", "da": "i/ved sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS4SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('in/at his/her own Ns')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS4SG_PL:9ef86b0dad64", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('in/at his/her own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-mini", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS4SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at his/her/its own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "in/at his/her/its own … (several things)", "da": "i/ved sin egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "i/ved sin egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at his/her/its own ___", "da": "i/ved sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS1PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('in/at our N')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS1PL_SG:58cab8dec725", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at our N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsinni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "The /n/ in '-tsinni' is a fossilized remnant of the archaic dual number (AITWG:§13.5, per Bergsland 1955): Kalaallisut historically had singular/dual/plural, and this /n/ is a trace left behind after dual collapsed into plural -- today a meaningless consonant that simply has to be there, not an active dual marker (issue #235's grammatical-dual research). Modeled as a prose note, not a schema field: unlike application_logic.person_marker_sandhi's verbal-side alternates, this /n/ is not an alternate surface form competing with a plain form -- it's inside the one attested citation form itself, so there's no second form to key a variant-conditioning field on." ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS1PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at our ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "in/at our … (one thing)", "da": "i/ved vores ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "i/ved vores … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at our ___", "da": "i/ved vores ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS1PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('in/at our Ns')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS1PL_PL:8b5bdbb66765", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at our Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsinni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Same archaic-dual-remnant /n/ as N_LOC_POSS1PL_SG's own note (AITWG:§13.5, issue #235) -- see that entry for the full citation." ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS1PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at our ___ (several things)", "en_short": "in/at our … (several things)", "da": "i/ved vores ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "i/ved vores … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at our ___", "da": "i/ved vores ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS2PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('in/at your (pl.) N')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS2PL_SG:2255bcea335c", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at your (pl.) N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssinni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Same archaic-dual-remnant /n/ as N_LOC_POSS1PL_SG's own note (AITWG:§13.5, issue #235) -- see that entry for the full citation." ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS2PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at your (several of you) ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "in/at your (several of you) … (one thing)", "da": "i/ved jeres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "i/ved jeres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at your ___", "da": "i/ved jeres ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS2PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('in/at your (pl.) Ns')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS2PL_PL:79f5e379ff17", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at your (pl.) Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssinni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Same archaic-dual-remnant /n/ as N_LOC_POSS1PL_SG's own note (AITWG:§13.5, issue #235) -- see that entry for the full citation." ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS2PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at your (several of you) ___ (several things)", "en_short": "in/at your (several of you) … (several things)", "da": "i/ved jeres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "i/ved jeres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at your ___", "da": "i/ved jeres ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS3PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('in/at their N')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS3PL_SG:d9152cc3f78b", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at their N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-anni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS3PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at their ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "in/at their … (one thing)", "da": "i/ved deres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "i/ved deres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at their ___", "da": "i/ved deres ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS3PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('in/at their Ns')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS3PL_PL:41dee5f3e195", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'in/at their Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ini", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-anni", "aa": "-ini" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+ini" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +ini form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS3PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at their ___ (several things)", "en_short": "in/at their … (several things)", "da": "i/ved deres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "i/ved deres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at their ___", "da": "i/ved deres ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS4PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('in/at their own N')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS4PL_SG:ad3ecd74d35f", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('in/at their own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "minni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS4PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at their own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "in/at their own … (one thing)", "da": "i/ved deres egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "i/ved deres egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at their own ___", "da": "i/ved deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_LOC_POSS4PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "locative, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('in/at their own Ns')", "case": "locative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_LOC_POSS4PL_PL:88aa770a2775", "items": [ { "text": "locative, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('in/at their own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "locative, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-minni", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 45" ], "id": "N_LOC_POSS4PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in/at their own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "in/at their own … (several things)", "da": "i/ved deres egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "i/ved deres egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "in/at their own ___", "da": "i/ved deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS1SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('from my N')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS1SG_SG:da677a773a03", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from my N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS1SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from my ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "from my … (one thing)", "da": "fra min ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "fra min … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from my ___", "da": "fra min ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS1SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('from my Ns')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS1SG_PL:2d5eede1d671", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from my Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS1SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from my ___ (several things)", "en_short": "from my … (several things)", "da": "fra min ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "fra min … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from my ___", "da": "fra min ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS2SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('from thy N')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS2SG_SG:739190fb3526", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from thy N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS2SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from your ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "from your … (one thing)", "da": "fra din ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "fra din … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from your ___", "da": "fra din ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS2SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('from thy Ns')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS2SG_PL:6c80d8a9535d", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from thy Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS2SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from your ___ (several things)", "en_short": "from your … (several things)", "da": "fra din ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "fra din … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from your ___", "da": "fra din ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS3SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('from his/her/its N')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS3SG_SG:e80fd52dbf08", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from his/her/its N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-anit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS3SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from his/her/its ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "from his/her/its … (one thing)", "da": "fra hans/hendes/dens ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "fra hans/hendes/dens … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from his/her/its ___", "da": "fra hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS3SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('from his/her/its Ns')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS3SG_PL:f8c8db2003d0", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from his/her/its Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-init", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-anit", "aa": "-init" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+init" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +init form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS3SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from his/her/its ___ (several things)", "en_short": "from his/her/its … (several things)", "da": "fra hans/hendes/dens ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "fra hans/hendes/dens … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from his/her/its ___", "da": "fra hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS4SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('from his/her own N')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS4SG_SG:3a4ae62a0843", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('from his/her own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "minit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS4SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from his/her/its own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "from his/her/its own … (one thing)", "da": "fra sin egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "fra sin egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from his/her/its own ___", "da": "fra sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS4SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('from his/her own Ns')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS4SG_PL:ca5169d3d018", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('from his/her own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-minit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS4SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from his/her/its own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "from his/her/its own … (several things)", "da": "fra sin egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "fra sin egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from his/her/its own ___", "da": "fra sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS1PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('from our N')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS1PL_SG:ae7aa5be7c5b", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from our N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsinnit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS1PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from our ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "from our … (one thing)", "da": "fra vores ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "fra vores … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from our ___", "da": "fra vores ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS1PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('from our Ns')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS1PL_PL:899244b9f797", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from our Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsinnit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS1PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from our ___ (several things)", "en_short": "from our … (several things)", "da": "fra vores ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "fra vores … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from our ___", "da": "fra vores ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS2PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('from your (pl.) N')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS2PL_SG:3bdb0136d9b4", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from your (pl.) N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssinnit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS2PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from your (several of you) ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "from your (several of you) … (one thing)", "da": "fra jeres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "fra jeres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from your ___", "da": "fra jeres ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS2PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('from your (pl.) Ns')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS2PL_PL:c6afd9980fa0", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from your (pl.) Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssinnit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS2PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from your (several of you) ___ (several things)", "en_short": "from your (several of you) … (several things)", "da": "fra jeres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "fra jeres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from your ___", "da": "fra jeres ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS3PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('from their N')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS3PL_SG:5172ea030aea", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from their N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-annit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS3PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from their ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "from their … (one thing)", "da": "fra deres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "fra deres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from their ___", "da": "fra deres ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS3PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('from their Ns')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS3PL_PL:e455148c7370", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'from their Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-init", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-annit", "aa": "-init" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+init" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +init form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS3PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from their ___ (several things)", "en_short": "from their … (several things)", "da": "fra deres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "fra deres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from their ___", "da": "fra deres ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS4PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('from their own N')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS4PL_SG:76cc025d7dd1", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('from their own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "minnit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS4PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from their own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "from their own … (one thing)", "da": "fra deres egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "fra deres egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from their own ___", "da": "fra deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_ABL_POSS4PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "ablative, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('from their own Ns')", "case": "ablative", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_ABL_POSS4PL_PL:c8a44c3488b4", "items": [ { "text": "ablative, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('from their own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "ablative, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-minnit", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 46" ], "id": "N_ABL_POSS4PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "from their own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "from their own … (several things)", "da": "fra deres egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "fra deres egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "from their own ___", "da": "fra deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS1SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('through/via my N')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS1SG_SG:fdc315b825e3", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via my N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-kkut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS1SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of my ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "through my … (one thing)", "da": "gennem / via min ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "gennem min … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through my ___", "da": "gennem min ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS1SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('through/via my Ns')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS1SG_PL:8100c3d3c3bb", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via my Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-kkut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS1SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of my ___ (several things)", "en_short": "through my … (several things)", "da": "gennem / via min ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "gennem min … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through my ___", "da": "gennem min ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS2SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('through/via thy N')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS2SG_SG:4301bda2bbab", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via thy N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-kkut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS2SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of your ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "through your … (one thing)", "da": "gennem / via din ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "gennem din … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through your ___", "da": "gennem din ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS2SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('through/via thy Ns')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS2SG_PL:054f62237418", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via thy Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-kkut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS2SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of your ___ (several things)", "en_short": "through your … (several things)", "da": "gennem / via din ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "gennem din … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through your ___", "da": "gennem din ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS3SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('through/via his/her/its N')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS3SG_SG:7332b38aca15", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via his/her/its N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-atigut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Bjornum's own footnote to Skema 47: both -agut and -atigut are used, most frequently the latter (used here as underlying_form)." ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS3SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of his/her/its ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "through his/her/its … (one thing)", "da": "gennem / via hans/hendes/dens ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "gennem hans/hendes/dens … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through his/her/its ___", "da": "gennem hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS3SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('through/via his/her/its Ns')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS3SG_PL:3f5b9937c30c", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 130" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via his/her/its Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 130" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-isigut", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+aasigut" }, "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-asigut", "aa": "-isigut" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+isigut" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +isigut form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 130" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS3SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of his/her/its ___ (several things)", "en_short": "through his/her/its … (several things)", "da": "gennem / via hans/hendes/dens ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "gennem hans/hendes/dens … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through his/her/its ___", "da": "gennem hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS4SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('through/via his/her own N')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS4SG_SG:9c1542b86f98", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('through/via his/her own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "migut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS4SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of his/her/its own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "through his/her/its own … (one thing)", "da": "gennem / via sin egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "gennem sin egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through his/her/its own ___", "da": "gennem sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS4SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('through/via his/her own Ns')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS4SG_PL:c3bc7728f65a", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('through/via his/her own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-migut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS4SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of his/her/its own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "through his/her/its own … (several things)", "da": "gennem / via sin egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "gennem sin egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through his/her/its own ___", "da": "gennem sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS1PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('through/via our N')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS1PL_SG:30f1e2c8d204", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via our N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsigut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS1PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of our ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "through our … (one thing)", "da": "gennem / via vores ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "gennem vores … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through our ___", "da": "gennem vores ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS1PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('through/via our Ns')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS1PL_PL:736353760949", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via our Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsigut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS1PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of our ___ (several things)", "en_short": "through our … (several things)", "da": "gennem / via vores ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "gennem vores … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through our ___", "da": "gennem vores ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS2PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('through/via your (pl.) N')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS2PL_SG:5dc094a2077e", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via your (pl.) N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssigut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS2PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of your (several of you) ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "through your (several of you) … (one thing)", "da": "gennem / via jeres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "gennem jeres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through your ___", "da": "gennem jeres ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS2PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('through/via your (pl.) Ns')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS2PL_PL:3fa425a2908a", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via your (pl.) Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssigut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS2PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of your (several of you) ___ (several things)", "en_short": "through your (several of you) … (several things)", "da": "gennem / via jeres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "gennem jeres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through your ___", "da": "gennem jeres ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS3PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('through/via their N')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS3PL_SG:380838a0a751", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 130" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via their N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 130" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-atigut", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+aatigut" }, "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 130" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS3PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of their ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "through their … (one thing)", "da": "gennem / via deres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "gennem deres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through their ___", "da": "gennem deres ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS3PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('through/via their Ns')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS3PL_PL:7b7e4a100e7d", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'through/via their Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-isigut", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-asigut", "aa": "-isigut" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+isigut" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +isigut form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS3PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of their ___ (several things)", "en_short": "through their … (several things)", "da": "gennem / via deres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "gennem deres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through their ___", "da": "gennem deres ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS4PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('through/via their own N')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS4PL_SG:23d3fd88d2f8", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('through/via their own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "mikkut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS4PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of their own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "through their own … (one thing)", "da": "gennem / via deres egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "gennem deres egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through their own ___", "da": "gennem deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_VIA_POSS4PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "vialis, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('through/via their own Ns')", "case": "vialis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_VIA_POSS4PL_PL:913509202f90", "items": [ { "text": "vialis, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('through/via their own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "vialis, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-mikkut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 47" ], "id": "N_VIA_POSS4PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "through / by way of their own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "through their own … (several things)", "da": "gennem / via deres egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "gennem deres egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "through their own ___", "da": "gennem deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS1SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('like my N')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS1SG_SG:d965636e2d83", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like my N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 1st-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ttut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS1SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as my ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "like / as my … (one thing)", "da": "som/ligesom min ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom min … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as my ___", "da": "som/ligesom min ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS1SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('like my Ns')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS1SG_PL:0ac0eb00654f", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like my Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 1st-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ttut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS1SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as my ___ (several things)", "en_short": "like / as my … (several things)", "da": "som/ligesom min ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom min … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as my ___", "da": "som/ligesom min ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS2SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('like thy N')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS2SG_SG:062bbe12d819", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like thy N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ttut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS2SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as your ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "like / as your … (one thing)", "da": "som/ligesom din ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom din … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as your ___", "da": "som/ligesom din ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS2SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('like thy Ns')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS2SG_PL:78fd1440df19", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like thy Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 2nd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ttut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS2SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as your ___ (several things)", "en_short": "like / as your … (several things)", "da": "som/ligesom din ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom din … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as your ___", "da": "som/ligesom din ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS3SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum ('like his/her/its N')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS3SG_SG:ead7f0c2022d", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 131" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like his/her/its N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 131" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-atut", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+aatut" }, "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 131" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS3SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as his/her/its ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "like / as his/her/its … (one thing)", "da": "som/ligesom hans/hendes/dens ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom hans/hendes/dens … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as his/her/its ___", "da": "som/ligesom hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS3SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum ('like his/her/its Ns')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS3SG_PL:213b7f186d24", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 131" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like his/her/its Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 3rd-person-singular possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 131" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-isut", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+aasut" }, "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-asut", "aa": "-isut" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+isut" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +isut form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 131" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS3SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as his/her/its ___ (several things)", "en_short": "like / as his/her/its … (several things)", "da": "som/ligesom hans/hendes/dens ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom hans/hendes/dens … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as his/her/its ___", "da": "som/ligesom hans/hendes/dens ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS4SG_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('like his/her own N')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS4SG_SG:0897ee092523", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('like his/her own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "misut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS4SG_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as his/her/its own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "like / as his/her/its own … (one thing)", "da": "som/ligesom sin egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom sin egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as his/her/its own ___", "da": "som/ligesom sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS4SG_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 4th-person-singular (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('like his/her own Ns')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS4SG_PL:a591f2faca89", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 4th-person-singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('like his/her own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 4th-person-singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-misut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS4SG_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as his/her/its own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "like / as his/her/its own … (several things)", "da": "som/ligesom sin egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom sin egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as his/her/its own ___", "da": "som/ligesom sin egen ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS1PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('like our N')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS1PL_SG:9de739435952", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like our N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 1st-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsitut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS1PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as our ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "like / as our … (one thing)", "da": "som/ligesom vores ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom vores … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as our ___", "da": "som/ligesom vores ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS1PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('like our Ns')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS1PL_PL:af3d22c69ab3", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like our Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 1st-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tsitut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS1PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as our ___ (several things)", "en_short": "like / as our … (several things)", "da": "som/ligesom vores ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom vores … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as our ___", "da": "som/ligesom vores ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS2PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('like your (pl.) N')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS2PL_SG:31ec804d8bfb", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like your (pl.) N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssisut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS2PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as your (several of you) ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "like / as your (several of you) … (one thing)", "da": "som/ligesom jeres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom jeres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as your ___", "da": "som/ligesom jeres ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS2PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('like your (pl.) Ns')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS2PL_PL:4f2a7ccbd5c0", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like your (pl.) Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 2nd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ssisut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS2PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as your (several of you) ___ (several things)", "en_short": "like / as your (several of you) … (several things)", "da": "som/ligesom jeres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom jeres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as your ___", "da": "som/ligesom jeres ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS3PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum ('like their N')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS3PL_SG:b013d559938b", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 131" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like their N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, singular possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 131" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-attut", "nominal_stem_class_allomorphs": { "t_stem": "+aattut" }, "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 example 131" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS3PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as their ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "like / as their … (one thing)", "da": "som/ligesom deres ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom deres … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as their ___", "da": "som/ligesom deres ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS3PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum ('like their Ns')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS3PL_PL:cb60009edaf5", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "'like their Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 3rd-person-plural possessor, plural possessum", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-isut", "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "a": "-asut", "aa": "-isut" }, "allomorphs": { "uvular_retaining_stem": "+isut" }, "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48 explicitly distinguishes the weak/K-profile variant after a from the i/u form. The a-key records the short-a onset; aa preserves the prior default outside that refinement, where Nielsen2012:§2.5.17 documents hiatus-consonant insertion and variation. The retaining-q class guard copies this cell's +isut form and takes precedence over the vowel map; it selects the suffix, not a repair of the separately unresolved class-specific join. Alveolar-schwa and other boundary realizations remain held. Nielsen2012:§2.5.16's word-final absolutive -i exception is outside this non-absolutive rule." ], "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.16", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS3PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as their ___ (several things)", "en_short": "like / as their … (several things)", "da": "som/ligesom deres ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom deres … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as their ___", "da": "som/ligesom deres ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS4PL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('like their own N')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS4PL_SG:2a29ba6377c7", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, singular possessum ('like their own N'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "sg" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "missut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "notes": [ "AITWG §13.5 Figure 13.6 distinguishes additive singular-possessum N{mini}/N{məkni} from truncative plural-possessum N{-mini}/N{-məkni}; the other prepositional markers substitute into the same construction. This record retains singular possessum and the additive single-m onset; no change to plural-possessum attachment is asserted." ], "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS4PL_SG", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as their own ___ (one thing)", "en_short": "like / as their own … (one thing)", "da": "som/ligesom deres egen ___ (en ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom deres egen … (en ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as their own ___", "da": "som/ligesom deres egen ___" } } } ], "N_EQU_POSS4PL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "equalis, 4th-person-plural (reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('like their own Ns')", "case": "equalis", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:N_EQU_POSS4PL_PL:050d52b74832", "items": [ { "text": "equalis, 4th-person-plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "reflexive) possessor, plural possessum ('like their own Ns'", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "equalis, 4th-person-plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "possession": { "possessor": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "possessum_number": "pl" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-missut", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j Skema 48" ], "id": "N_EQU_POSS4PL_PL", "category": "noun_cases_possessive", "plain_gloss": { "en": "like / as their own ___ (several things)", "en_short": "like / as their own … (several things)", "da": "som/ligesom deres egen ___ (flere ting)", "da_short": "som/ligesom deres egen … (flere ting)", "source": "generated", "composition": { "en": "like / as their own ___", "da": "som/ligesom deres egen ___" } } } ], "RFL_INS_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "by/of oneself (singular; any person)", "case": "instrumental", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "minək", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mi number marker with the pure nək case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "by/of oneself (singular; any person)", "en_short": "with/using", "da": "med/ved hjælp af en ___", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imminik", "natural": "by/of oneself (singular; any person)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_INS_SG", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_INS_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "by/of ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)", "case": "instrumental", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "məknək", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mək number marker with the pure nək case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "by/of ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)", "en_short": "with/using (plural)", "da": "med/ved hjælp af flere ___", "da_short": "med/ved hjælp af (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imminnik", "natural": "by/of ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_INS_PL", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_ALL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "to oneself (singular; any person)", "case": "allative", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "minut", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mi number marker with the pure nut case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to oneself (singular; any person)", "en_short": "to/towards", "da": "til/hen mod en ___", "da_short": "til/hen mod", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imminut", "natural": "to oneself (singular; any person)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_ALL_SG", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_ALL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "to ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)", "case": "allative", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "məknut", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mək number marker with the pure nut case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)", "en_short": "to/towards (plural)", "da": "til/hen mod flere ___", "da_short": "til/hen mod (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imminnut", "natural": "to ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_ALL_PL", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_ABL_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "from oneself (singular; any person)", "case": "ablative", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "minət", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mi number marker with the pure nət case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "from oneself (singular; any person)", "en_short": "from", "da": "fra en ___", "da_short": "fra", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imminit", "natural": "from oneself (singular; any person)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_ABL_SG", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_ABL_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "from ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)", "case": "ablative", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "məknət", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mək number marker with the pure nət case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "from ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)", "en_short": "from (plural)", "da": "fra flere ___", "da_short": "fra (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imminnit", "natural": "from ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_ABL_PL", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_LOC_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "at oneself (singular; any person)", "case": "locative", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "mini", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mi number marker with the pure ni case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "at oneself (singular; any person)", "en_short": "in/at", "da": "i/ved en ___", "da_short": "i/ved", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immini", "natural": "at oneself (singular; any person)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_LOC_SG", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_LOC_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "at ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)", "case": "locative", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "məkni", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mək number marker with the pure ni case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "at ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)", "en_short": "in/at (plural)", "da": "i/ved flere ___", "da_short": "i/ved (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imminni", "natural": "at ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_LOC_PL", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_VIA_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "separately (same source form for singular/plural)", "case": "vialis", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "mikkut", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mi number marker with the pure kkut case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed.", "The source explicitly calls kkut irregular in place of gut and gives no explanation. Singular and plural cells share immikkut; the component notation here is documentary, not a general triple-consonant or gut-to-kkut rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "separately (same source form for singular/plural)", "en_short": "through / by way of", "da": "gennem en ___ / via en ___", "da_short": "gennem / via", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immikkut", "natural": "separately (same source form for singular/plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_VIA_SG", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_VIA_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "separately (same source form for singular/plural)", "case": "vialis", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "məkkkut", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mək number marker with the pure kkut case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed.", "The source explicitly calls kkut irregular in place of gut and gives no explanation. Singular and plural cells share immikkut; the component notation here is documentary, not a general triple-consonant or gut-to-kkut rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "separately (same source form for singular/plural)", "en_short": "through / by way of (plural)", "da": "gennem flere ___ / via flere ___", "da_short": "gennem / via (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immikkut", "natural": "separately (same source form for singular/plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_VIA_PL", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_EQU_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "as oneself (singular; any person)", "case": "equalis", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "mitut", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mi number marker with the pure tut case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "as oneself (singular; any person)", "en_short": "like / as", "da": "som en ___ / ligesom en ___, på samme måde som en ___", "da_short": "som / ligesom", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immisut", "natural": "as oneself (singular; any person)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_EQU_SG", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_EQU_PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "as ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)", "case": "equalis", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "məktut", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 Figure 16.2 explicitly combines the mək number marker with the pure tut case component on əl. This ID represents the complete scoped ending context, not a new historically atomic marker.", "Actual reference may be any person. Do not assign ordinary fourth-person possessor/coreference or possessum-number features. Restrict this context to the reflexive host family. No computed sandhi or whole-word lexical override is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "as ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)", "en_short": "like / as (plural)", "da": "som flere ___ / ligesom flere ___", "da_short": "som / ligesom (flertal)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immittut", "natural": "as ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other (plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3" ], "id": "RFL_EQU_PL", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "QUANT_1SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "I/me (both subject and object; quantitative pronouns)", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "quantitative" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "ma", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.5 Figure 16.4 restricts this ending context to quantitative nominal hosts. It borrows possessive ergative personal markings but does not encode ordinary ergative case or possession.", "First/second persons may serve subject or object; third-person mi/mək forms serve subjects even with transitive verbs, while at/itə forms serve objects only. No ordinary fourth-person coreference or nominative/accusative case enum is inferred.", "Nielsen §4.1.5.1 supplements the argument contrast; mi/mək forms also have possessor function, and at/itə forms occur in adverbial expressions. First/second persons permit possessor and adverbial use too. Subject-only/object-only labels describe the subject/object contrast, not every syntactic function.", "The source explicitly uses third-plural itə instead of ordinary atə. Exact worked chains are documentary; no computed stem alternation or unrestricted allomorph map is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "I/me (both subject and object)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tamarma", "natural": "I/me all/as a whole (both subject and object)" }, { "surface": "kisima", "natural": "I/me alone/only (both subject and object)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2021:§4.1.5.1", "AITWG:§16.5" ], "id": "QUANT_1SG", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "QUANT_2SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "you (singular) (both subject and object; quantitative pronouns)", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "quantitative" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "vət", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.5 Figure 16.4 restricts this ending context to quantitative nominal hosts. It borrows possessive ergative personal markings but does not encode ordinary ergative case or possession.", "First/second persons may serve subject or object; third-person mi/mək forms serve subjects even with transitive verbs, while at/itə forms serve objects only. No ordinary fourth-person coreference or nominative/accusative case enum is inferred.", "Nielsen §4.1.5.1 supplements the argument contrast; mi/mək forms also have possessor function, and at/itə forms occur in adverbial expressions. First/second persons permit possessor and adverbial use too. Subject-only/object-only labels describe the subject/object contrast, not every syntactic function.", "The source explicitly uses third-plural itə instead of ordinary atə. Exact worked chains are documentary; no computed stem alternation or unrestricted allomorph map is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "you (singular) (both subject and object)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tamarpit", "natural": "you (singular) all/as a whole (both subject and object)" }, { "surface": "kisivit", "natural": "you (singular) alone/only (both subject and object)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2021:§4.1.5.1", "AITWG:§16.5" ], "id": "QUANT_2SG", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "QUANT_3SG_OBJ": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "him/her/it (object only in the subject/object contrast; quantitative pronouns)", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "quantitative" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "at", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.5 Figure 16.4 restricts this ending context to quantitative nominal hosts. It borrows possessive ergative personal markings but does not encode ordinary ergative case or possession.", "First/second persons may serve subject or object; third-person mi/mək forms serve subjects even with transitive verbs, while at/itə forms serve objects only. No ordinary fourth-person coreference or nominative/accusative case enum is inferred.", "Nielsen §4.1.5.1 supplements the argument contrast; mi/mək forms also have possessor function, and at/itə forms occur in adverbial expressions. First/second persons permit possessor and adverbial use too. Subject-only/object-only labels describe the subject/object contrast, not every syntactic function.", "The source explicitly uses third-plural itə instead of ordinary atə. Exact worked chains are documentary; no computed stem alternation or unrestricted allomorph map is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "him/her/it (object form in subject/object contrast)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tamaat", "natural": "him/her/it all/as a whole (object form in subject/object contrast)" }, { "surface": "kisiat", "natural": "him/her/it alone/only (object form in subject/object contrast)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2021:§4.1.5.1", "AITWG:§16.5" ], "id": "QUANT_3SG_OBJ", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "QUANT_3SG_SUBJ": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "he/she/it (subject only in the subject/object contrast; quantitative pronouns)", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "quantitative" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "mi", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.5 Figure 16.4 restricts this ending context to quantitative nominal hosts. It borrows possessive ergative personal markings but does not encode ordinary ergative case or possession.", "First/second persons may serve subject or object; third-person mi/mək forms serve subjects even with transitive verbs, while at/itə forms serve objects only. No ordinary fourth-person coreference or nominative/accusative case enum is inferred.", "Nielsen §4.1.5.1 supplements the argument contrast; mi/mək forms also have possessor function, and at/itə forms occur in adverbial expressions. First/second persons permit possessor and adverbial use too. Subject-only/object-only labels describe the subject/object contrast, not every syntactic function.", "The source explicitly uses third-plural itə instead of ordinary atə. Exact worked chains are documentary; no computed stem alternation or unrestricted allomorph map is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "he/she/it (subject form in subject/object contrast)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tamarmi", "natural": "he/she/it all/as a whole (subject form in subject/object contrast)" }, { "surface": "kisimi", "natural": "he/she/it alone/only (subject form in subject/object contrast)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2021:§4.1.5.1", "AITWG:§16.5" ], "id": "QUANT_3SG_SUBJ", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "QUANT_1PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "we/us (both subject and object; quantitative pronouns)", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "quantitative" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "mtə", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.5 Figure 16.4 restricts this ending context to quantitative nominal hosts. It borrows possessive ergative personal markings but does not encode ordinary ergative case or possession.", "First/second persons may serve subject or object; third-person mi/mək forms serve subjects even with transitive verbs, while at/itə forms serve objects only. No ordinary fourth-person coreference or nominative/accusative case enum is inferred.", "Nielsen §4.1.5.1 supplements the argument contrast; mi/mək forms also have possessor function, and at/itə forms occur in adverbial expressions. First/second persons permit possessor and adverbial use too. Subject-only/object-only labels describe the subject/object contrast, not every syntactic function.", "The source explicitly uses third-plural itə instead of ordinary atə. Exact worked chains are documentary; no computed stem alternation or unrestricted allomorph map is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "we/us (both subject and object)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tamatta", "natural": "we/us all/as a whole (both subject and object)" }, { "surface": "kisitta", "natural": "we/us alone/only (both subject and object)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2021:§4.1.5.1", "AITWG:§16.5" ], "id": "QUANT_1PL", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "QUANT_2PL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "you (plural) (both subject and object; quantitative pronouns)", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "quantitative" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "vsi", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.5 Figure 16.4 restricts this ending context to quantitative nominal hosts. It borrows possessive ergative personal markings but does not encode ordinary ergative case or possession.", "First/second persons may serve subject or object; third-person mi/mək forms serve subjects even with transitive verbs, while at/itə forms serve objects only. No ordinary fourth-person coreference or nominative/accusative case enum is inferred.", "Nielsen §4.1.5.1 supplements the argument contrast; mi/mək forms also have possessor function, and at/itə forms occur in adverbial expressions. First/second persons permit possessor and adverbial use too. Subject-only/object-only labels describe the subject/object contrast, not every syntactic function.", "The source explicitly uses third-plural itə instead of ordinary atə. Exact worked chains are documentary; no computed stem alternation or unrestricted allomorph map is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "you (plural) (both subject and object)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tamassi", "natural": "you (plural) all/as a whole (both subject and object)" }, { "surface": "kisissi", "natural": "you (plural) alone/only (both subject and object)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2021:§4.1.5.1", "AITWG:§16.5" ], "id": "QUANT_2PL", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "QUANT_3PL_OBJ": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "them (object only in the subject/object contrast; quantitative pronouns)", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "quantitative" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "itə", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.5 Figure 16.4 restricts this ending context to quantitative nominal hosts. It borrows possessive ergative personal markings but does not encode ordinary ergative case or possession.", "First/second persons may serve subject or object; third-person mi/mək forms serve subjects even with transitive verbs, while at/itə forms serve objects only. No ordinary fourth-person coreference or nominative/accusative case enum is inferred.", "Nielsen §4.1.5.1 supplements the argument contrast; mi/mək forms also have possessor function, and at/itə forms occur in adverbial expressions. First/second persons permit possessor and adverbial use too. Subject-only/object-only labels describe the subject/object contrast, not every syntactic function.", "The source explicitly uses third-plural itə instead of ordinary atə. Exact worked chains are documentary; no computed stem alternation or unrestricted allomorph map is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "them (object form in subject/object contrast)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tamaasa", "natural": "them all/as a whole (object form in subject/object contrast)" }, { "surface": "kisiisa", "natural": "them alone/only (object form in subject/object contrast)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2021:§4.1.5.1", "AITWG:§16.5" ], "id": "QUANT_3PL_OBJ", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "QUANT_3PL_SUBJ": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "they (subject only in the subject/object contrast; quantitative pronouns)", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "quantitative" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "mək", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.5 Figure 16.4 restricts this ending context to quantitative nominal hosts. It borrows possessive ergative personal markings but does not encode ordinary ergative case or possession.", "First/second persons may serve subject or object; third-person mi/mək forms serve subjects even with transitive verbs, while at/itə forms serve objects only. No ordinary fourth-person coreference or nominative/accusative case enum is inferred.", "Nielsen §4.1.5.1 supplements the argument contrast; mi/mək forms also have possessor function, and at/itə forms occur in adverbial expressions. First/second persons permit possessor and adverbial use too. Subject-only/object-only labels describe the subject/object contrast, not every syntactic function.", "The source explicitly uses third-plural itə instead of ordinary atə. Exact worked chains are documentary; no computed stem alternation or unrestricted allomorph map is claimed." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "they (subject form in subject/object contrast)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tamarmik", "natural": "they all/as a whole (subject form in subject/object contrast)" }, { "surface": "kisimik", "natural": "they alone/only (subject form in subject/object contrast)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2021:§4.1.5.1", "AITWG:§16.5" ], "id": "QUANT_3PL_SUBJ", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_ALL_1PL_PERSONAL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "to ourselves; each other (first-person plural personal context)", "case": "allative", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "mtənnut", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 footnote 8 explicitly permits mtə/vsi personal markers; §13.5 combines the reduced personal marker with pure allative nut. This ID represents a complete personal allative context on əl.", "Bjornum2012 K4§5a permits reciprocal or reflexive reference with these personal plural allatives. Its first-plural immitsinnut example is reciprocal; its second-plural immissinnut example is reflexive. Preserve this difference from Chapter 16's reciprocal-only summary. Reference is person-specific here, unlike the mi/mək number-only contexts. No ordinary possessum-number assignment or computed sandhi is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ourselves; each other (first-person plural personal context)", "en_short": "to/towards", "da": "til/hen mod ___", "da_short": "til/hen mod", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immitsinnut", "natural": "to ourselves; each other (first-person plural personal context)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3", "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§5a" ], "id": "RFL_ALL_1PL_PERSONAL", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "RFL_ALL_2PL_PERSONAL": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "to yourselves; each other (second-person plural personal context)", "case": "allative", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "reflexive" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "vsinut", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 footnote 8 explicitly permits mtə/vsi personal markers; §13.5 combines the reduced personal marker with pure allative nut. This ID represents a complete personal allative context on əl.", "Bjornum2012 K4§5a permits reciprocal or reflexive reference with these personal plural allatives. Its first-plural immitsinnut example is reciprocal; its second-plural immissinnut example is reflexive. Preserve this difference from Chapter 16's reciprocal-only summary. Reference is person-specific here, unlike the mi/mək number-only contexts. No ordinary possessum-number assignment or computed sandhi is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to yourselves; each other (second-person plural personal context)", "en_short": "to/towards", "da": "til/hen mod ___", "da_short": "til/hen mod", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immissinnut", "natural": "to yourselves; each other (second-person plural personal context)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3", "AITWG:§13.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§5a" ], "id": "RFL_ALL_2PL_PERSONAL", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "INT_ABS_SG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "category_shift": "N -> N", "meaning": "absolutive singular interrogative marker (what/who)", "case": "absolutive", "enclitic_hosts": { "require_any_semantic_tag": [ "interrogative_na" ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "na", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.4 explicitly states that su and ki both take na as absolutive singular marker. This is a source-restricted interrogative context, not the zero-form ordinary N_ABS_SG or unrestricted attachment of the closed demonstrative ending. The interrogative_na host tag identifies these two roots, not every question word; plural-only qassit does not take this context.", "The irregular ergative and plural paradigms remain separately documented; no entire ordinary declension or alternate kikkun rule is inferred from this singular marker." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "what/who (singular)", "en_short": "one", "da": "en ___", "da_short": "en", "source": "hand", "composition": { "en": "___", "da": "___" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "suna", "natural": "what? (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kina", "natural": "who? (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§5c" ], "id": "INT_ABS_SG", "category": "pronoun_contexts" } ], "V_EXCL_INTR_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_EXCL_INTR", "mood": "exclamation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.2" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "exclamatory singular (X it is!; there is X!)" }, "inflection": { "mood": "exclamation", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "Ø", "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "The exclamatory singular ending is empty; the demonstrative or verbal stem itself forms the exclamation. MOFO's demonstrative-a ending may be added in the separate demonstrative paradigm." ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:endings/exclamation/null_v_sg", "Nielsen2012:§4.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b" ], "id": "V_EXCL_INTR_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "exclamation: ___!", "en_short": "exclamation — he/she/it", "en_mood_label": "exclamation", "da": "udråb: ___!", "da_short": "udråb — han/hun/den", "da_mood_label": "udråb", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_EXCL_INTR_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_EXCL_INTR", "mood": "exclamation", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.2" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "exclamatory plural (X they are!)" }, "inflection": { "mood": "exclamation", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-t", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Optional plural exclamatory ending; the singular exclamation is the unmarked form. Weak q-stems replace the final q with -t, per MOFO's own exclamation ending description." ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:endings/exclamation/t_v_pl", "Nielsen2012:§4.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b" ], "id": "V_EXCL_INTR_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "exclamation: ___!", "en_short": "exclamation — they", "en_mood_label": "exclamation", "da": "udråb: ___!", "da_short": "udråb — de", "da_mood_label": "udråb", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_INTR_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_INTR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative intransitive, 3rd person singular (he/she/it V-s)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_INTR_3SG:c31cfd8802fa", "items": [ { "text": "indicative intransitive, 3rd person singular (he/she/it V-s)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:29", "Lybech2020:60", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-voq", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aaq", "velar_final_stem": "-poq", "uvular_final_stem": "-poq" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Surface -poq after certain consonants (p/t/k); attested velar_final_stem/uvular_final_stem allomorph, encoded below (naalappoq/pulaarpoq, Bjornum2012:K8§1) -- same evidentiary basis as the parallel issue #780 uvular_final_stem allomorphs added elsewhere in this file, which cite this note as precedent. At the time of that initial allomorph review no alveolar_final_stem witness was recorded for this cell. Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.7.2 now supplies the literal subject-bearing pujorsunnippoq witness with +sunnit- (pujoq + N_sunnit_monovalent_Vb + V_IND_INTR_3SG). This one source-bound cell does not establish a general ending selector or complete paradigm; the existing allomorph map remains unchanged." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerivoq", "natural": "He eats." }, { "surface": "sinivoq", "natural": "He sleeps." }, { "surface": "naalappoq", "natural": "He obeys/heeds. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form, velar_final_stem allomorph)" }, { "surface": "pulaarpoq", "natural": "He visits. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form, uvular_final_stem allomorph)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:29", "Lybech2020:60", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_IND_INTR_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: he/she/it ___s", "en_short": "statement — he/she/it", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: han/hun/den ___er", "da_short": "udsagn — han/hun/den", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_INTR_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_INTR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative intransitive, 1st person singular (I V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_INTR_1SG:6184ca2b829b", "items": [ { "text": "indicative intransitive, 1st person singular (I V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:29", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-vunga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aanga" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerivunga", "natural": "I eat." }, { "surface": "takusinnaajunga", "natural": "I can see." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:29", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6" ], "id": "V_IND_INTR_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: I ___", "en_short": "statement — I", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: jeg ___er", "da_short": "udsagn — jeg", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_INTR_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_INTR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative intransitive, 2nd person singular (you V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_INTR_2SG:bb2078fcfd39", "items": [ { "text": "indicative intransitive, 2nd person singular (you V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:29", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-vutit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-putit", "schwa_final_stem": "-aatit" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarputit' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerivutit", "natural": "You eat." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:29", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_IND_INTR_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: you ___", "en_short": "statement — you", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: du ___er", "da_short": "udsagn — du", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_INTR_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_INTR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative intransitive, 1st person plural (we V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_INTR_1PL:1bf036da7860", "items": [ { "text": "indicative intransitive, 1st person plural (we V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-vugut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-pugut", "schwa_final_stem": "-aagut" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarpugut' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerivugut", "natural": "We eat." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_IND_INTR_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: we ___", "en_short": "statement — we", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: vi ___er", "da_short": "udsagn — vi", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_INTR_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_INTR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative intransitive, 2nd person plural (you [pl] V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_INTR_2PL:e2d16496d523", "items": [ { "text": "indicative intransitive, 2nd person plural (you [pl] V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-vusi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-pusi", "schwa_final_stem": "-aasi" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarpusi' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerivusi", "natural": "You (pl.) eat." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_IND_INTR_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: you all ___", "en_short": "statement — you all", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: I ___er", "da_short": "udsagn — I", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_INTR_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_INTR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative intransitive, 3rd person plural (they V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_INTR_3PL:9938e0fd7dc7", "items": [ { "text": "indicative intransitive, 3rd person plural (they V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-pput", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-put", "schwa_final_stem": "-aat" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Gemination: {vu}{t} => -pput uniformly, regardless of stem-final consonant/vowel (AITWG:§14.3)", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarput' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sulipput", "natural": "They work." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_IND_INTR_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: they ___", "en_short": "statement — they", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: de ___er", "da_short": "udsagn — de", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg (he V-s it/him)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3SG_3SG:fcee119ba598", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg (he V-s it/him)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:29", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-aa", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aa" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuaa", "natural": "He sees it / He sees him." }, { "surface": "nerissaa", "natural": "He will eat it." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:29", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.6" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: he/she/it ___s him/her/it", "en_short": "statement — he/she/it → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: han/hun/den ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "udsagn — han/hun/den → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_1SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (I V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_1SG_2SG:fb0509cc300f", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (I V you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-akkit" }, "underlying_form": "-vakkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-pakkit", "schwa_final_stem": "-aakkit" }, "person_marker_sandhi": "object_2sg_voicing_after_1st_subject", "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "AITWG:§B.3's own closing prose flags an attested subform 'vagit' for this cell, alongside the main form 'vakkit' used here (same treatment as V_IND_TR_1PL_3PL's own flagged 'vagut' subform).", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarpakkit' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvakkit", "natural": "I see you." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_1SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: I ___ you", "en_short": "statement — I → you", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: jeg ___er dig", "da_short": "udsagn — jeg → dig", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_1SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (I V it/him)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_1SG_3SG:757ca6b9b3eb", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (I V it/him)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-ara" }, "underlying_form": "-vara", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-para", "schwa_final_stem": "-aara" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarpara' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvara", "natural": "I see it / I see him." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_1SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: I ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "statement — I → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: jeg ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "udsagn — jeg → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_2SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (you V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_2SG_1SG:2edeac22015d", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (you V me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-arma" }, "underlying_form": "-varma", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-parma", "schwa_final_stem": "-aarma" }, "person_marker_sandhi": "object_1sg_hardening_after_2sg_subject", "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "AITWG:§14.6 Table 6 shows an alternate/irregular attested form 'vaqma' for this cell (source's own 'Irregular! Not *vamma' annotation), differing from Appendix B.3's 'varma' used here. Cross-verified directly against PDF pp.293/358 (issue [#96](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/96) follow-up): Appendix B.3's row=subject/column=object house style confirms this is the same paradigm cell in both tables (independently corroborated by Appendix B.6's schwa-stem form '-qaarma' at the identical row/column position), so this is a genuine source-internal q/r variant on one cell, not a transcription ambiguity between different cells.", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarparma' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvarma", "natural": "You see me." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_2SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: you ___ me", "en_short": "statement — you → me", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: du ___er mig", "da_short": "udsagn — du → mig", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_2SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (you V it/him)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_2SG_3SG:42903ebe0d02", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (you V it/him)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-at" }, "underlying_form": "-vat", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aat" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvat", "natural": "You see it / You see him." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_2SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: you ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "statement — you → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: du ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "udsagn — du → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg (he V-s me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3SG_1SG:59ea9c90b4c1", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg (he V-s me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-aanga" }, "underlying_form": "-vaanga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-paanga", "schwa_final_stem": "-aanga" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarpaanga' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvaanga", "natural": "He sees me." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: he/she/it ___s me", "en_short": "statement — he/she/it → me", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: han/hun/den ___er mig", "da_short": "udsagn — han/hun/den → mig", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg (he V-s you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3SG_2SG:0233bd85d835", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg (he V-s you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-aatit" }, "underlying_form": "-vaatit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-paatit", "schwa_final_stem": "-aatit" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarpaatit' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvaatit", "natural": "He sees you." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: he/she/it ___s you", "en_short": "statement — he/she/it → you", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: han/hun/den ___er dig", "da_short": "udsagn — han/hun/den → dig", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl (he V-s us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3SG_1PL:d6c9fb7faf59", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl (he V-s us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-aatigut" }, "underlying_form": "-vaatigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aatigut" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvaatigut", "natural": "He sees us." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: he/she/it ___s us", "en_short": "statement — he/she/it → us", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: han/hun/den ___er os", "da_short": "udsagn — han/hun/den → os", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl (they V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3PL_1PL:f029bc80079c", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl (they V us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-aatigut" }, "underlying_form": "-vaatigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aatigut" }, "person_marker_sandhi": "subject_3pl_reduction_before_nonthird_plural_object", "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvaatigut", "natural": "They see us." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: they ___ us", "en_short": "statement — they → us", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: de ___er os", "da_short": "udsagn — de → os", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl (he V-s you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3SG_2PL:69aefeec7250", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl (he V-s you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-aasi" }, "underlying_form": "-vaasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aasi" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvaasi", "natural": "He sees you (pl.)." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: he/she/it ___s you all", "en_short": "statement — he/she/it → you all", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: han/hun/den ___er jer", "da_short": "udsagn — han/hun/den → jer", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl (they V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3PL_2PL:5cc7c3a5c23a", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl (they V you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-aasi" }, "underlying_form": "-vaasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aasi" }, "person_marker_sandhi": "subject_3pl_reduction_before_nonthird_plural_object", "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvaasi", "natural": "They see you (pl.)." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: they ___ you all", "en_short": "statement — they → you all", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: de ___er jer", "da_short": "udsagn — de → jer", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_1SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (I V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_1SG_2PL:b9c0850f2f25", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (I V you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-assi" }, "underlying_form": "-vassi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aassi" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvassi", "natural": "I see you (pl.)." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_1SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: I ___ you all", "en_short": "statement — I → you all", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: jeg ___er jer", "da_short": "udsagn — jeg → jer", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_1SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (I V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_1SG_3PL:16fa4af8c0f9", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (I V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-akka" }, "underlying_form": "-vakka", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aakka" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvakka", "natural": "I see them." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_1SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: I ___ them", "en_short": "statement — I → them", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: jeg ___er dem", "da_short": "udsagn — jeg → dem", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_1PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (we V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_1PL_2SG:f7be81d14bdf", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (we V you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-atsigit" }, "underlying_form": "-vatsigit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aatsigit" }, "person_marker_sandhi": "object_2sg_voicing_after_1st_subject", "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvatsigit", "natural": "We see you." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_1PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: we ___ you", "en_short": "statement — we → you", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: vi ___er dig", "da_short": "udsagn — vi → dig", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_1PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (we V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_1PL_2PL:56f3ba88ceb2", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (we V you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-assi" }, "underlying_form": "-vassi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aassi" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvassi", "natural": "We see you (pl.)." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_1PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: we ___ you all", "en_short": "statement — we → you all", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: vi ___er jer", "da_short": "udsagn — vi → jer", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_1PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (we V it/him)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_1PL_3SG:0f427bdbfec9", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (we V it/him)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-arput" }, "underlying_form": "-varput", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-parput", "schwa_final_stem": "-aarput" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarparput' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvarput", "natural": "We see it / him." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_1PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: we ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "statement — we → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: vi ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "udsagn — vi → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_1PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (we V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_1PL_3PL:70b0025ca4d6", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (we V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-avut" }, "underlying_form": "-vavut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aavut" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "AITWG:§14.6 Table 6's footnote [^t6c] and AITWG:§B.3's own closing prose both independently flag an attested subform 'vagut' for this cell (medial /v/ replaced by /g/), alongside the main form 'vavut' used here. Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3 and Bjornum2012:K3§5a's own paradigms show only the main form." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvavut", "natural": "We see them." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_1PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: we ___ them", "en_short": "statement — we → them", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: vi ___er dem", "da_short": "udsagn — vi → dem", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_2SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (you V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_2SG_1PL:cc24db846da6", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (you V us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-atsigut" }, "underlying_form": "-vatsigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aatsigut" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvatsigut", "natural": "You see us." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_2SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: you ___ us", "en_short": "statement — you → us", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: du ___er os", "da_short": "udsagn — du → os", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_2SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (you V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_2SG_3PL:46cad37322dc", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (you V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-atit" }, "underlying_form": "-vatit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aatit" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvatit", "natural": "You see them." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_2SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: you ___ them", "en_short": "statement — you → them", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: du ___er dem", "da_short": "udsagn — du → dem", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_2PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (you [pl.] V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_2PL_1SG:7845fe017528", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (you [pl.] V me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-assinga" }, "underlying_form": "-vassinga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aassinga" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvassinga", "natural": "You (pl.) see me." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_2PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: you all ___ me", "en_short": "statement — you all → me", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: I ___er mig", "da_short": "udsagn — I → mig", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_2PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (you [pl.] V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_2PL_1PL:ca07d7888faa", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (you [pl.] V us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-atsigut" }, "underlying_form": "-vatsigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aatsigut" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvatsigut", "natural": "You (pl.) see us." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_2PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: you all ___ us", "en_short": "statement — you all → us", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: I ___er os", "da_short": "udsagn — I → os", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_2PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (you [pl.] V it/him)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_2PL_3SG:4e29d413681f", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (you [pl.] V it/him)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-arsi" }, "underlying_form": "-varsi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-parsi", "schwa_final_stem": "-aarsi" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarparsi' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvarsi", "natural": "You (pl.) see it / him." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_2PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: you all ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "statement — you all → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: I ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "udsagn — I → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_2PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (you [pl.] V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_2PL_3PL:4f06cd0edf1e", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (you [pl.] V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-asi" }, "underlying_form": "-vasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aasi" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvasi", "natural": "You (pl.) see them." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_2PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: you all ___ them", "en_short": "statement — you all → them", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: I ___er dem", "da_short": "udsagn — I → dem", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl (he V-s them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3SG_3PL:693a92a256b5", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl (he V-s them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-ai" }, "underlying_form": "-vai", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-ai" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvai", "natural": "He sees them." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: he/she/it ___s them", "en_short": "statement — he/she/it → them", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: han/hun/den ___er dem", "da_short": "udsagn — han/hun/den → dem", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg (they V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3PL_1SG:034f66e21a7c", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg (they V me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-aannga" }, "underlying_form": "-vaannga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aannga" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvaannga", "natural": "They see me." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: they ___ me", "en_short": "statement — they → me", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: de ___er mig", "da_short": "udsagn — de → mig", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg (they V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3PL_2SG:d56edf50ae4e", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg (they V you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-aatsit" }, "underlying_form": "-vaatsit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aatsit" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvaatsit", "natural": "They see you." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: they ___ you", "en_short": "statement — they → you", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: de ___er dig", "da_short": "udsagn — de → dig", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg (they V it/him)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3PL_3SG:05da5f9624d3", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg (they V it/him)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-aat" }, "underlying_form": "-vaat", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aat" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvaat", "natural": "They see it / him." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: they ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "statement — they → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: de ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "udsagn — de → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IND_TR_3PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IND_TR", "mood": "indicative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl (they V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_IND_TR_3PL_3PL:30255cc0aa7b", "items": [ { "text": "indicative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl (they V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "One English grammatical description of a single paradigm cell: commas separate the case/mood/person-number labels and their argument or pronoun paraphrase. The cited grammar sections/tables treat the record as one cell; no translation alternatives are extracted from its punctuation." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "indicative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-aat" }, "underlying_form": "-vaat", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aat" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvaat", "natural": "They see them." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_IND_TR_3PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "statement: they ___ them", "en_short": "statement — they → them", "en_mood_label": "statement", "da": "udsagn: de ___er dem", "da_short": "udsagn — de → dem", "da_mood_label": "udsagn", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_INTR_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_INTR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial intransitive, 3rd person singular (the one who V-s)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_INTR_3SG:5bada5eb394a", "items": [ { "text": "participial intransitive, 3rd person singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:29", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "the one who V-s", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial intransitive, 3rd person singular", "evidence_refs": [ "Fortescue1984:29", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-soq", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Doubles as a subordinate clause head; -joq after vowels in some environments", "issue #413: added velar_final_stem AND uvular_final_stem allomorph '-toq' -- naalak (velar_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'naalattoq', and pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is independently cited attested 'pulaartoq' (both Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation '-soq' this entry's own default text would give. AITWG:§14.3 only explicitly documents the {ðu}->/cu/ ('ts') realization on T-STEMS specifically (not k-/q-stems generally); this consonant-stem '-toq' allomorph is inferred from the two independent Bjornum2012 attestations by analogy to V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' pattern (a plain stop surfacing after a preceding stop, not assibilating), not independently confirmed in AITWG's own text for these specific stem classes. alveolar_final_stem verb hosts likely need the same allomorph by the same general mechanism but are NOT independently attested here -- flagged, not guessed at.", "oq worked-examples regression (sinissoq): the velar_final_stem:'-toq' allomorph above was generalised from naalak/pulaar alone and turns out NOT to hold for every velar_final_stem host -- this entry's own pedagogy.examples already cites 'sinissoq' (Fortescue1984:292), i.e. sinik (also velar_final_stem, kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) takes the DEFAULT '-soq' text (regularly assimilating k+s -> ss per AITWG:§3.9/Nielsen2012:§2.5.4, the same general consonant-cluster rule already documented on sinik's own right_sandhi:consonant_cluster_assimilation), not the naalak-style '-toq'. Rather than loosen or remove the cited naalattoq/pulaartoq allomorph (still independently attested for those hosts), sinik is carved out here via lexical_overrides -- a real, non-fixable-by-generic-stem_type irregularity between two hosts that otherwise share the same stem_type, same class as the other lexical_overrides entries in this repo (deverbal_nouns.yaml's ajoq, denominal_verbs.yaml's qimmeq). NOTE: naalaguk/naalatsigu/akigitu are separate currently-failing worked examples suspected of sharing this SAME root cause (stem_type-keyed allomorphs being over-generalized across hosts that don't actually share the irregular behavior) -- left untouched here, being investigated independently." ], "allomorphs": { "velar_final_stem": "-toq", "uvular_final_stem": "-toq" }, "lexical_overrides": { "sinik": "soq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerisoq", "natural": "the one who eats / the one eating" }, { "surface": "sinissoq", "natural": "the one who will sleep" }, { "surface": "naalattoq", "natural": "the one who obeys / is obedient. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form, velar_final_stem allomorph)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:29", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_PART_INTR_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that he/she/it ___s (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — he/she/it", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at han/hun/den ___er (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — han/hun/den", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_INTR_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_INTR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial intransitive, 1st person singular (I, the one who V-s)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_INTR_1SG:72d497afd5f7", "items": [ { "text": "participial intransitive, 1st person singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "I, the one who V-s", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial intransitive, 1st person singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-sunga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {ðu}{ŋa} => -sunga on vowel stems (AITWG:§14.3, Figure 14.3); the leading {ð} surfaces as 's' by the same default vowel-stem realization already established by V_PART_INTR_3SG's -soq, becoming '-ts-' on t-stems instead (AITWG:§14.3)", "issue #413: added velar_final_stem AND uvular_final_stem allomorph '-tunga' -- naalak + this ending is cited attested 'naalattunga', and pulaar (uvular_final_stem) is independently cited attested 'pulaartunga' (both Bjornum2012 K8§1); see V_PART_INTR_3SG's own note for the full reasoning (AITWG doesn't explicitly document this consonant-stem realization, inferred by analogy; alveolar_final_stem hosts flagged as likely-but-unattested)." ], "allomorphs": { "velar_final_stem": "-tunga", "uvular_final_stem": "-tunga" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerisunga", "natural": "I, who eat / I who am eating" }, { "surface": "naalattunga", "natural": "I who obey. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form, velar_final_stem allomorph)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the already-attested vowel stem {neri}V, 'eat' (the same stem V_PART_INTR_3SG's own pedagogy.examples uses for 'nerisoq') with the cited ending -sunga; not independently attested as a full AITWG worked example in running prose, same caution as V_OPT_INTR_3SG/V_OPT_INTR_1PL/V_OPT_INTR_3PL's own notes elsewhere in this file." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_PART_INTR_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that I ___ (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — I", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at jeg ___er (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — jeg", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_INTR_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_INTR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial intransitive, 2nd person singular (you, the one who V-s)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_INTR_2SG:3c5ae5019e42", "items": [ { "text": "participial intransitive, 2nd person singular", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you, the one who V-s", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial intransitive, 2nd person singular", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-sutit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {ðu}{tət} => -sutit on vowel stems (AITWG:§14.3, Figure 14.3, resolved via the same {tət} => -tit schwa pattern already seen in V_IND_INTR_2SG's -vutit); matches Appendix B.2's 'ðutit' cell exactly (docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md, Subordinate moods table) -- no cross-source discrepancy here, contrast V_CONT_INTR_2SG's own note on the same {tət} marker in the adjacent Contemporative column of that same table.", "issue #413: added velar_final_stem AND uvular_final_stem allomorph '-tutit' -- naalak + this ending is cited attested 'naalattutit', and pulaar (uvular_final_stem) is independently cited attested 'pulaartutit' (both Bjornum2012 K8§1); see V_PART_INTR_3SG's own note for the full reasoning." ], "allomorphs": { "velar_final_stem": "-tutit", "uvular_final_stem": "-tutit" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerisutit", "natural": "you, who eat / you who are eating" }, { "surface": "naalattutit", "natural": "you who obey. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form, velar_final_stem allomorph)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending, same methodology as V_PART_INTR_1SG; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_PART_INTR_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you ___ (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at du ___er (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — du", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_INTR_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_INTR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial intransitive, 1st person plural (we, the ones who V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_INTR_1PL:a93fe1950d40", "items": [ { "text": "participial intransitive, 1st person plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K3§5g Skema 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 52" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "we, the ones who V", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial intransitive, 1st person plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K3§5g Skema 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 52" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-sugut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {ðu}{gut} => -sugut on vowel stems (AITWG:§14.3, Figure 14.3); indicative and participial both use the {gut} 1.pl marker, not the {tə} used by the two contemporative moods (AITWG:§14.3 prose); matches Appendix B.2's 'ðugut' cell exactly.", "Bjornum2012 K3§5g Skema 35 and K8 examples 35/52 explicitly attest pulaartugut and naalattugut. Root-keyed selection preserves these attested forms without extending a velar/uvular class rule to after-i₁ or marked-ts stems; those distinctions are explicit in Skema 35 and are not represented by the broad stem_type alone. Other roots retain existing selection; that preservation does not approve their predicted forms." ], "lexical_overrides": { "pulaar": "tugut", "naalak": "tugut" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerisugut", "natural": "we, who eat / we who are eating" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending, same methodology as V_PART_INTR_1SG; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K3§5g Skema 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 52" ], "id": "V_PART_INTR_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that we ___ (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — we", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at vi ___er (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — vi", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_INTR_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_INTR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial intransitive, 2nd person plural (you [pl.], the ones who V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_INTR_2PL:6597008f98c1", "items": [ { "text": "participial intransitive, 2nd person plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K3§5g Skema 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 52" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you [pl.], the ones who V", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial intransitive, 2nd person plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K3§5g Skema 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 52" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-susi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {ðu}{si} => -susi on vowel stems (AITWG:§14.3, Figure 14.3); matches Appendix B.2's 'ðusi' cell exactly.", "Bjornum2012 K3§5g Skema 35 and K8 examples 35/52 explicitly attest pulaartusi and naalattusi. Root-keyed selection preserves these attested forms without extending a velar/uvular class rule to after-i₁ or marked-ts stems; those distinctions are explicit in Skema 35 and are not represented by the broad stem_type alone. Other roots retain existing selection; that preservation does not approve their predicted forms." ], "lexical_overrides": { "pulaar": "tusi", "naalak": "tusi" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerisusi", "natural": "you (pl.), who eat / you (pl.) who are eating" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending, same methodology as V_PART_INTR_1SG; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K3§5g Skema 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 35", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 52" ], "id": "V_PART_INTR_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you all ___ (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you all", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at I ___er (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — I", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_INTR_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_INTR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial intransitive, 3rd person plural (those who V / they who V-s)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_INTR_3PL:454dae8ac67e", "items": [ { "text": "participial intransitive, 3rd person plural", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "those who V / they who V-s", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial intransitive, 3rd person plural", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-sut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {ðu}{t} => -sut on vowel stems (AITWG:§14.3, Figure 14.3); unlike V_IND_INTR_3PL's {vu}{t} => -pput, the participial mood marker {ðu} does not geminate before the 3.pl {t} marker -- no epenthetic consonant, matching Appendix B.2's plain 'ðut' cell exactly (contrast V_IND_INTR_3PL's own gemination note).", "issue #413: added velar_final_stem AND uvular_final_stem allomorph '-tut' -- naalak + this ending is cited attested 'naalattut', and pulaar (uvular_final_stem) is independently cited attested 'pulaartut' (both Bjornum2012 K8§1); see V_PART_INTR_3SG's own note for the full reasoning.", "r_final_stem uses the consonant-final -tut form by extension from the source-described consonant-final paradigm (AITWG:§14.3, Figure 14.3; §B.2) and the attested velar/uvular class realizations above. This is a general class inference, not an independently cited r-final paradigm; keep it identified as an inferred rule pending a direct source example." ], "allomorphs": { "velar_final_stem": "-tut", "uvular_final_stem": "-tut", "r_final_stem": "-tut" }, "inferred_allomorph_classes": [ "r_final_stem" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerisut", "natural": "those who eat / they who are eating" }, { "surface": "naalattut", "natural": "those who obey. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form, velar_final_stem allomorph)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending, same methodology as V_PART_INTR_1SG; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_PART_INTR_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that they ___ (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — they", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at de ___er (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — de", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (I, the one who V-s you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG:26d9d356c74c", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "I, the one who V-s you", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gikkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugikkit", "natural": "I, who see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem (already used throughout this file's other transitive entries) with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that I ___ you (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — I → you", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at jeg ___er dig (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — jeg → dig", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (I, the one who V-s him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1SG_3SG:0d1ad1e5e455", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "I, the one who V-s him/her/it", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-giga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugiga", "natural": "I, who see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that I ___ him/her/it (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — I → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at jeg ___er ham/hende/den (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — jeg → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4sg (I, the one who V-s him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1SG_4SG:20c5203f3575", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "I, the one who V-s him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ginni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuginni", "natural": "I, who see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that I ___ himself/herself (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — I → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at jeg ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — jeg → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (I, the one who V-s you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1SG_2PL:51b7fd648f0a", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "I, the one who V-s you [pl.]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gissi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugissi", "natural": "I, who see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that I ___ you all (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — I → you all", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at jeg ___er jer (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — jeg → jer", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (I, the one who V-s them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1SG_3PL:1d4cd4d507f5", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "I, the one who V-s them", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gikka", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugikka", "natural": "I, who see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that I ___ them (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — I → them", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at jeg ___er dem (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — jeg → dem", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4pl (I, the one who V-s them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1SG_4PL:f80e87ec4be3", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "I, the one who V-s them [coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugitsik", "natural": "I, who see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that I ___ themselves (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — I → themselves", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at jeg ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — jeg → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (you, the one who V-s me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2SG_1SG:710c8757fefc", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you, the one who V-s me", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gimma", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugimma", "natural": "you, who see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you ___ me (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you → me", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at du ___er mig (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — du → mig", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (you, the one who V-s him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2SG_3SG:d0f82c12aeb6", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you, the one who V-s him/her/it", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-git", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugit", "natural": "you, who see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you ___ him/her/it (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at du ___er ham/hende/den (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — du → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4sg (you, the one who V-s him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2SG_4SG:035e040581a8", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you, the one who V-s him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ginni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_PART_TR_1SG_4SG's own '-ginni' -- syncretism between 1sg-subject and 2sg-subject when the object is 4sg, matching AITWG:§B.4's table exactly (both cells print 'ginni')." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuginni", "natural": "you, who see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you ___ himself/herself (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at du ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — du → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (you, the one who V-s us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2SG_1PL:90e56f23753a", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you, the one who V-s us", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitsigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugitsigut", "natural": "you, who see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you ___ us (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you → us", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at du ___er os (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — du → os", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (you, the one who V-s them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2SG_3PL:11eaaaa0707c", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you, the one who V-s them", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugitit", "natural": "you, who see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you ___ them (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you → them", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at du ___er dem (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — du → dem", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4pl (you, the one who V-s them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2SG_4PL:7ec5f4f3c0a2", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you, the one who V-s them [coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_PART_TR_1SG_4PL's own '-gitsik' -- syncretism between 1sg-subject and 2sg-subject when the object is 4pl, matching AITWG:§B.4's table exactly (both cells print 'gitsik')." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugitsik", "natural": "you, who see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you ___ themselves (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you → themselves", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at du ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — du → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3sg (he/she, the one who V-s him/her/it [subject coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG:b95fa5bf692d", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "he/she, the one who V-s him/her/it [subject coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ginni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above (the 1sg/2sg block). Incidentally the same surface string as V_PART_TR_1SG_4SG/V_PART_TR_2SG_4SG's own '-ginni' -- those are unrelated cells (1sg/2sg subject acting on a 4sg object, plain marking), not a further syncretism claim; flagged only as a citation-hygiene note in case of future confusion between the three." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuginni", "natural": "he/she, who sees him/her/it (a third party)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell. AITWG:§10.3 excludes fourth-person subjects from modern participial object clauses, while footnote 6 reports archaic expressions via Fortescue (1984, p.35). This preserves the cited paradigm cell without approving a modern object-clause use or independently attesting this constructed full-word example. The restriction concerns subjects: fourth-person objects remain legitimate (Aside 10.1). Clause selection is not encoded here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that he/she (that same one) ___s him/her/it (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — he/she (that same one) → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at han/hun (den samme) ___er ham/hende/den (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — han/hun (den samme) → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_4SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3pl (he/she, the one who V-s them [subject coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_4SG_3PL:596623c0dd4c", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "he/she, the one who V-s them [subject coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gini", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugini", "natural": "he/she, who sees them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG. AITWG:§10.3 excludes fourth-person subjects from modern participial object clauses, while footnote 6 reports archaic expressions via Fortescue (1984, p.35). This preserves the cited paradigm cell without approving a modern object-clause use or independently attesting this constructed full-word example. The restriction concerns subjects: fourth-person objects remain legitimate (Aside 10.1). Clause selection is not encoded here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_4SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that he/she (that same one) ___s them (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — he/she (that same one) → them", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at han/hun (den samme) ___er dem (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — han/hun (den samme) → dem", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (we, the ones who V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1PL_2SG:2f18dc7b622b", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "we, the ones who V you", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitsigit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugitsigit", "natural": "we, who see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that we ___ you (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — we → you", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at vi ___er dig (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — vi → dig", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (we, the ones who V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1PL_3SG:4fbb708f5876", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "we, the ones who V him/her/it", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gipput", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugipput", "natural": "we, who see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that we ___ him/her/it (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — we → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at vi ___er ham/hende/den (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — vi → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4sg (we, the ones who V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1PL_4SG:493ef5c9d461", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "we, the ones who V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitsinni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugitsinni", "natural": "we, who see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that we ___ himself/herself (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — we → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at vi ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — vi → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (we, the ones who V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1PL_2PL:5e9766313a68", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "we, the ones who V you [pl.]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gissi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugissi", "natural": "we, who see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that we ___ you all (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — we → you all", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at vi ___er jer (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — vi → jer", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (we, the ones who V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1PL_3PL:db2db56f080d", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "we, the ones who V them", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-givut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugivut", "natural": "we, who see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that we ___ them (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — we → them", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at vi ___er dem (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — vi → dem", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_1PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4pl (we, the ones who V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_1PL_4PL:f231402ea813", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "we, the ones who V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugitsik", "natural": "we, who see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_1PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that we ___ themselves (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — we → themselves", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at vi ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — vi → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (you [pl.], the ones who V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2PL_1SG:d658be21c7f3", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you [pl.], the ones who V me", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gissinga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugissinga", "natural": "you (pl.), who see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you all ___ me (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you all → me", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at I ___er mig (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — I → mig", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (you [pl.], the ones who V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2PL_3SG:1e34c9bb2666", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you [pl.], the ones who V him/her/it", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gissi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above. Incidentally the same surface string as V_PART_TR_1SG_2PL/V_PART_TR_1PL_2PL's own '-gissi' -- those are unrelated cells (a 2pl object, plain marking), not a further syncretism claim, same caution as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG's own note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugissi", "natural": "you (pl.), who see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you all ___ him/her/it (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you all → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at I ___er ham/hende/den (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — I → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4sg (you [pl.], the ones who V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2PL_4SG:73e8ad02d7b7", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you [pl.], the ones who V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gissinni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugissinni", "natural": "you (pl.), who see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you all ___ himself/herself (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you all → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at I ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — I → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (you [pl.], the ones who V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2PL_1PL:bf813a043915", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you [pl.], the ones who V us", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitsigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugitsigut", "natural": "you (pl.), who see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you all ___ us (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you all → us", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at I ___er os (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — I → os", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (you [pl.], the ones who V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2PL_3PL:4ddeb14ac655", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you [pl.], the ones who V them", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gisi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugisi", "natural": "you (pl.), who see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you all ___ them (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you all → them", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at I ___er dem (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — I → dem", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_2PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4pl (you [pl.], the ones who V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_2PL_4PL:1944cc3b2788", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "you [pl.], the ones who V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugitsik", "natural": "you (pl.), who see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_2PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that you all ___ themselves (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — you all → themselves", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at I ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — I → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg (he/she/it, the one who V-s me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG:3bfa6509692f", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "he/she/it, the one who V-s me", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaanga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaanga", "natural": "he/she/it, who sees me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that he/she/it ___s me (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — he/she/it → me", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at han/hun/den ___er mig (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — han/hun/den → mig", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg (he/she/it, the one who V-s you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3SG_2SG:e6b215dda345", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "he/she/it, the one who V-s you", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaatit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaatit", "natural": "he/she/it, who sees you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that he/she/it ___s you (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — he/she/it → you", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at han/hun/den ___er dig (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — han/hun/den → dig", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg (he/she/it, the one who V-s him/her/it [a different third party -- disjoint reference, not self-reference])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3SG_3SG:239c3c9ea573", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "he/she/it, the one who V-s him/her/it [a different third party -- disjoint reference, not self-reference]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaa", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above (the 1sg/2sg block). A 3rd-person subject acting on a 3rd-person object is grammatical here (disjoint reference) -- unlike the 1st/2nd/4th-person self-reference blocking elsewhere in this grid." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaa", "natural": "he/she/it, who sees him/her/it (another)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that he/she/it ___s him/her/it (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — he/she/it → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at han/hun/den ___er ham/hende/den (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — han/hun/den → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4sg (he/she/it, the one who V-s himself/herself [reflexive/coreferential object])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3SG_4SG:ec44a433c1f9", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "he/she/it, the one who V-s himself/herself [reflexive/coreferential object]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaani", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaani", "natural": "he/she/it, who sees himself/herself" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that he/she/it ___s himself/herself (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — he/she/it → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at han/hun/den ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — han/hun/den → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl (he/she/it, the one who V-s us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3SG_1PL:7fa3e6087acf", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "he/she/it, the one who V-s us", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaatigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_PART_TR_3PL_1PL's own '-gaatigut' below -- 3sg/3pl subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.4's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaatigut", "natural": "he/she/it, who sees us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that he/she/it ___s us (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — he/she/it → us", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at han/hun/den ___er os (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — han/hun/den → os", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl (he/she/it, the one who V-s you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3SG_2PL:b3d48e36907b", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "he/she/it, the one who V-s you [pl.]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_PART_TR_3PL_2PL's own '-gaasi' below -- 3sg/3pl subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.4's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaasi", "natural": "he/she/it, who sees you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that he/she/it ___s you all (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — he/she/it → you all", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at han/hun/den ___er jer (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — han/hun/den → jer", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl (he/she/it, the one who V-s them [disjoint reference])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3SG_3PL:918ac6870b45", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "he/she/it, the one who V-s them [disjoint reference]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gai", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugai", "natural": "he/she/it, who sees them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that he/she/it ___s them (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — he/she/it → them", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at han/hun/den ___er dem (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — han/hun/den → dem", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4pl (he/she/it, the one who V-s them [reflexive/coreferential object])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3SG_4PL:e64e03812825", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "he/she/it, the one who V-s them [reflexive/coreferential object]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaatik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_PART_TR_3PL_4PL's own '-gaatik' below -- 3sg/3pl subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.4's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaatik", "natural": "he/she/it, who sees them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that he/she/it ___s themselves (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — he/she/it → themselves", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at han/hun/den ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — han/hun/den → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg (they, the ones who V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3PL_1SG:a24019df60c9", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "they, the ones who V me", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaannga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaannga", "natural": "they, who see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that they ___ me (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — they → me", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at de ___er mig (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — de → mig", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg (they, the ones who V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3PL_2SG:e68089996d78", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "they, the ones who V you", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaatsit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaatsit", "natural": "they, who see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that they ___ you (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — they → you", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at de ___er dig (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — de → dig", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg (they, the ones who V him/her/it [disjoint reference])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3PL_3SG:bc94933e3733", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "they, the ones who V him/her/it [disjoint reference]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaat", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above. Identical surface form to V_PART_TR_3PL_3PL's own '-gaat' below -- 3sg/3pl object syncretism within this same subject row, matching AITWG:§B.4's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaat", "natural": "they, who see him/her/it (another)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that they ___ him/her/it (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — they → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at de ___er ham/hende/den (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — de → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4sg (they, the ones who V him/her/it [reflexive/coreferential object])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3PL_4SG:de2fc0ec5ed1", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "they, the ones who V him/her/it [reflexive/coreferential object]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaanni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaanni", "natural": "they, who see him/her/it (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that they ___ himself/herself (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — they → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at de ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — de → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl (they, the ones who V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3PL_1PL:e36bd8ecfd8b", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "they, the ones who V us", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaatigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_PART_TR_3SG_1PL's own '-gaatigut' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaatigut", "natural": "they, who see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that they ___ us (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — they → us", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at de ___er os (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — de → os", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl (they, the ones who V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3PL_2PL:98ae6dc8d051", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "they, the ones who V you [pl.]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_PART_TR_3SG_2PL's own '-gaasi' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaasi", "natural": "they, who see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that they ___ you all (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — they → you all", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at de ___er jer (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — de → jer", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl (they, the ones who V them [disjoint reference])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3PL_3PL:6e82a101a8a9", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "they, the ones who V them [disjoint reference]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaat", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above. Identical surface form to V_PART_TR_3PL_3SG's own '-gaat' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaat", "natural": "they, who see them (others)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that they ___ them (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — they → them", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at de ___er dem (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — de → dem", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_3PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4pl (they, the ones who V them [reflexive/coreferential object])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_3PL_4PL:b637c1b62945", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "they, the ones who V them [reflexive/coreferential object]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaatik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_PART_TR_3SG_4PL's own '-gaatik' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaatik", "natural": "they, who see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_3PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that they ___ themselves (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — they → themselves", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at de ___er sig selv (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — de → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_4PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3sg (they, the ones who V him/her/it [subject coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_4PL_3SG:7f7022e39b5e", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3sg", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "they, the ones who V him/her/it [subject coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3sg", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above. Incidentally the same surface string as V_PART_TR_1SG_4PL/V_PART_TR_2SG_4PL/V_PART_TR_1PL_4PL/V_PART_TR_2PL_4PL's own '-gitsik' -- those are unrelated cells (a plain 4pl object, not this cell's POSS-style 3sg object under a 4pl subject), not a further syncretism claim, same caution as V_PART_TR_4SG_3SG's own note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugitsik", "natural": "they, who see him/her/it (a third party, subject itself coreferential)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG. AITWG:§10.3 excludes fourth-person subjects from modern participial object clauses, while footnote 6 reports archaic expressions via Fortescue (1984, p.35). This preserves the cited paradigm cell without approving a modern object-clause use or independently attesting this constructed full-word example. The restriction concerns subjects: fourth-person objects remain legitimate (Aside 10.1). Clause selection is not encoded here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_4PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that they (those same ones) ___ him/her/it (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — they (those same ones) → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at de (de samme) ___er ham/hende/den (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — de (de samme) → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_PART_TR_4PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_PART_TR", "mood": "participial", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "participial transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3pl (they, the ones who V them [subject coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-251-500.json#issue1065:V_PART_TR_4PL_3PL:f22aaa95aa5b", "items": [ { "text": "participial transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3pl", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "single grammatical paradigm cell", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The case/mood/person-number label and its argument-role description identify one grammatical cell; commas in the formula do not mark lexical alternatives." }, { "text": "they, the ones who V them [subject coreferential with the main-clause subject]", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "participial transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3pl", "evidence_refs": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical gives an English paraphrase or clarification of the same grammatical cell, not a separate alternative." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "participial", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Object marking here is POSS-style (absolutive-borrowed), see this section's own header comment above." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugitik", "natural": "they, who see them (others, subject itself coreferential)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_PART_TR_3SG_1SG. AITWG:§10.3 excludes fourth-person subjects from modern participial object clauses, while footnote 6 reports archaic expressions via Fortescue (1984, p.35). This preserves the cited paradigm cell without approving a modern object-clause use or independently attesting this constructed full-word example. The restriction concerns subjects: fourth-person objects remain legitimate (Aside 10.1). Clause selection is not encoded here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_PART_TR_4PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…that they (those same ones) ___ them (used after words like 'sees/knows that')", "en_short": "that … — they (those same ones) → them", "en_mood_label": "that …", "da": "…at de (de samme) ___er dem (bruges efter ord som 'ser/ved at')", "da_short": "at … — de (de samme) → dem", "da_mood_label": "at …", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_INTR_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_INTR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative intransitive, 1st person singular (while I V, as I V -- coreferential subordinate clause)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_INTR_1SG:509868a12555", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative intransitive, 1st person singular (while I V, as I V -- coreferential subordinate clause)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The first comma joins the contemporative/intransitive labels to person-number features in one grammatical description. A second comma joins “while I V” and “as I V”; the local source discusses contemporative temporal/concurrent uses but does not establish that these two authored paraphrases are selectable translation alternatives for this record. Preserve the full string pending a reviewed relation for that internal pair.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 1.sg, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 1.sg, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lunga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-alunga", "vowel_final_stem": "-llunga" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Realizes {(l)lu}{ŋa}; the parenthesised /l/ geminates specifically on a VOWEL-final host (see the vowel_final_stem allomorph below) -- naalak (velar_final_stem)'s own attested 'naalallunga' and pulaar (uvular_final_stem)'s own attested 'pulaarlunga' (Bjornum2012 K8§1 both) independently confirm the DEFAULT single-l form is correct for consonant-final hosts: naalak's k+l->ll comes from its own independent k-assimilation (single-l input, doubled by that unrelated mechanism), and pulaar's r simply stays r+l (no gemination at all) -- neither is evidence the ENDING's own marker doubles.", "issue #413 CORRECTION: an earlier pass in this same fix mistakenly changed this entry's DEFAULT underlying_form to '-llunga' (universal gemination), reasoning from Bjornum2012's own attested aki_v (vowel_final_stem) paradigm 'akillunga' alone. That was too broad: verified against oq's own forward-build checker (tools/check-worked-examples.mjs --local=), a universal '-llunga' default broke pulaar's own already-correct, already-cited 'pulaarlunga' (oq has no r+C consonant-cluster-collapsing mechanism for uvular_final_stem hosts the way it does for velar_final_stem's k, so the extra 'l' simply stacked instead of collapsing). Corrected to a vowel_final_stem-KEYED allomorph instead (matching V_PART_INTR_1SG's/V_IMP_INTR_1PL's own stem-type-keyed allomorph pattern from this same issue), leaving the default -- and every other stem class -- untouched." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerillunga", "natural": "while I eat / as I eat" }, { "surface": "akillunga", "natural": "while I answer. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the vowel stem {neri}V, 'eat', with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_CONT_INTR_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and I ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — I", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og jeg ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — jeg", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_INTR_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_INTR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative intransitive, 2nd person singular (while you V, as you V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_INTR_2SG:5cd47c073fb4", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative intransitive, 2nd person singular (while you V, as you V)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The first comma joins the contemporative/intransitive labels to person-number features in one grammatical description. A second comma joins “while you V” and “as you V”; the local source supports the contemporative context but does not establish that these two authored paraphrases are selectable translation alternatives for this record. Preserve the full string pending a reviewed relation for that internal pair.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 2.sg, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 2.sg, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lutit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-alutit", "vowel_final_stem": "-llutit" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Realizes {(l)lu}{tət}; see the vowel_final_stem-gemination note on V_CONT_INTR_1SG.", "FIDELITY FLAG: Appendix B.2 prints '(l)luit' for this cell (not '(l)lutit') -- see the inline comment above; not independently re-verified against the source PDF.", "Bjornum2012's own attested aki_v paradigm form is 'akillutit' (K8§1), independently confirming -tit (not -it) alongside the 3 sources already listed in the FIDELITY FLAG comment -- a 4th independent data point favouring '-lutit' (via the vowel_final_stem allomorph, '-llutit') over Appendix B.2's '(l)luit'." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerillutit", "natural": "while you eat / as you eat" }, { "surface": "akillutit", "natural": "while you answer. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example. See the FIDELITY FLAG above regarding the exact 2.sg surface form." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_CONT_INTR_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og du ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — du", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_INTR_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_INTR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative intransitive, 4th person singular (while he/she V-s -- same subject as the main clause, coreferential)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_INTR_4SG:7907ad726ff8", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative intransitive, 4th person singular (while he/she V-s -- same subject as the main clause, coreferential)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 4.sg, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 4.sg, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-luni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aluni", "vowel_final_stem": "-lluni" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Realizes {(l)lu}{ni}; see the vowel_final_stem-gemination note on V_CONT_INTR_1SG (issue #413 correction).", "Matches Appendix B.2's '(l)luni' cell.", "Bjornum2012's own attested aki_v paradigm form is 'akilluni' (K8§1), via the vowel_final_stem allomorph." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerilluni", "natural": "while he/she (the same person as the main clause's subject) eats" }, { "surface": "akilluni", "natural": "while he/she (the same person) answers. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_CONT_INTR_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and he/she (that same one) ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one)", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og han/hun (den samme) ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme)", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_INTR_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_INTR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative intransitive, 1st person plural (while we V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_INTR_1PL:b625a7848633", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative intransitive, 1st person plural (while we V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 1.pl, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 1.pl, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-luta", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aluta", "vowel_final_stem": "-lluta" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Realizes {(l)lu}{tə}; contemporative uses the {tə} 1.pl marker (not the {gut} used by indicative/participial), with schwa resolving to [a] by the extended schwa-rule since nothing follows it word-finally (AITWG:§14.3 prose); see the vowel_final_stem-gemination note on V_CONT_INTR_1SG (issue #413 correction).", "Matches Appendix B.2's '(l)luta' cell.", "Bjornum2012's own attested aki_v paradigm form is 'akilluta' (K8§1), via the vowel_final_stem allomorph." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerilluta", "natural": "while we eat" }, { "surface": "akilluta", "natural": "while we answer. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_CONT_INTR_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and we ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og vi ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_INTR_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_INTR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative intransitive, 2nd person plural (while you [pl.] V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_INTR_2PL:3fecde2480e1", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative intransitive, 2nd person plural (while you [pl.] V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 2.pl, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 2.pl, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lusi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-alusi", "vowel_final_stem": "-llusi" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Realizes {(l)lu}{si}; see the vowel_final_stem-gemination note on V_CONT_INTR_1SG (issue #413 correction).", "Matches Appendix B.2's '(l)lusi' cell.", "Bjornum2012's own attested aki_v paradigm form is 'akillusi' (K8§1), via the vowel_final_stem allomorph." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerillusi", "natural": "while you (pl.) eat" }, { "surface": "akillusi", "natural": "while you (pl.) answer. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_CONT_INTR_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you all ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og I ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_INTR_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_INTR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative intransitive, 4th person plural (while they V -- same subject as the main clause, coreferential)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_INTR_4PL:de3a894ea6da", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative intransitive, 4th person plural (while they V -- same subject as the main clause, coreferential)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_INTR_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 4.pl, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 4.pl, column Contemporative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lutik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-alutik", "vowel_final_stem": "-llutik" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Realizes {(l)lu}{tək} => -lutik, via the same {tək} => -tik schwa resolution as V_IND_INTR_3PL's family; see the vowel_final_stem-gemination note on V_CONT_INTR_1SG (issue #413 correction).", "Matches Appendix B.2's '(l)lutik' cell -- unlike 2.sg's {tət}, this cell shows no cross-source discrepancy.", "Bjornum2012's own attested aki_v paradigm form is 'akillutik' (K8§1), via the vowel_final_stem allomorph." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerillutik", "natural": "while they (the same people as the main clause's subject) eat" }, { "surface": "akillutik", "natural": "while they answer. (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_CONT_INTR_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and they (those same ones) ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones)", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og de (de samme) ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme)", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative intransitive, 1st person singular (while I do not V, without my V-ing)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_1SG:8a5ba4362010", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative intransitive, 1st person singular (while I do not V, without my V-ing)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The first comma joins mood/valency labels to person-number features in one grammatical description. The internal comma joins “while I do not V” and “without my V-ing”; the cited source supports negative contemporative function, but does not establish these authored paraphrases as selectable translations rather than clarification. Preserve the full string pending review of that relation.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 1.sg, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 1.sg, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nanga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{ŋa} => -nanga (AITWG:§14.3, Figure 14.3); the {na} mood marker is used instead of the general negation affix V{ŋŋit}V, which the contemporative mood cannot take (AITWG:§14.1).", "Matches Appendix B.2's 'nanga' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerinanga", "natural": "while I don't eat / without my eating" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing / and I do not ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — I — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ / og jeg ikke ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — jeg — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative intransitive, 2nd person singular (while you do not V; also used as a polite prohibition)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_2SG:317d81f42131", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative intransitive, 2nd person singular (while you do not V; also used as a polite prohibition)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 2.sg, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 2.sg, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-natit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tət} => -natit (AITWG:§14.3, both the Figure 14.3 table and the running prose discussing it).", "FIDELITY FLAG: Appendix B.2 prints 'nait' for this cell (not 'natit') -- see the inline comment above and V_CONT_INTR_2SG's parallel note; not independently re-verified against the source PDF.", "An irregular alternate form with personal marker {k} instead of {tət}, V(nak), also exists for this cell -- modeled separately as V_CONTNEG_2SG_NAK (AITWG:§14.3)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerinatit", "natural": "while you don't eat / without your eating" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example (the attested example for this person/number cell is the irregular -nak alternate, see V_CONTNEG_2SG_NAK)." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing / and you do not ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ / og du ikke ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — du — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_2SG_NAK": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative intransitive, 2nd person singular, irregular alternate (do not V! -- a direct, polite prohibition)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_2SG_NAK:fd1cec372e0b", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative intransitive, 2nd person singular, irregular alternate (do not V! -- a direct, polite prohibition)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_2SG_NAK.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_2SG_NAK.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 2.sg, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 2.sg, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nak", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "AITWG:§14.3 explicitly labels this an 'irregular form, with the personal marker {k} instead' of the regular 2.sg ending V_CONTNEG_2SG -- {k} is not among Figure 14.2's two listed 2.sg {ABS} markers ({tət}, {t}), so this is a genuinely lexicalised exception, not a stem-conditioned allomorph; that is why it is modeled as its own entry rather than an application_logic.allomorphs value (whose keys are constrained to stem-type classes by convert/grammar_schema.json).", "Both the positive and negative contemporative are used, among other things, as a 'polite' kind of imperative -- the negative contemporative especially, since the ordinary negation affix V{ŋŋit}V cannot be used in the imperative (AITWG:§14.3)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pujortarnak", "natural": "(kindly) do not smoke!" } ], "note": "AITWG:§14.3's own worked example, verbatim: 'I remember seeing it on a no-smoking sign with the text: pujortarnak, meaning (kindly) do not smoke.' Not re-decomposed into stem+ending components here beyond what AITWG itself states." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_2SG_NAK", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing / and you do not ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ / og du ikke ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — du — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative intransitive, 4th person singular (while he/she does not V -- same subject as the main clause)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_4SG:0d84734e626b", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative intransitive, 4th person singular (while he/she does not V -- same subject as the main clause)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 4.sg, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 4.sg, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nani", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{ni} => -nani (AITWG:§14.3, Figure 14.3); matches Appendix B.2's 'nani' cell exactly.", "A rarer {ga}-marker variant, -gani, also exists for this cell -- modeled separately as V_CONTNEG_4SG_GA (AITWG:§14.1, §14.3)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerinani", "natural": "while he/she (the same person as the main clause's subject) doesn't eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example (the attested example for this cell is the {ga}-marker variant, see V_CONTNEG_4SG_GA)." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing / and he/she (that same one) does not ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ / og han/hun (den samme) ikke ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_4SG_GA": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative intransitive, 4th person singular, {ga}-marker variant (without his/her V-ing -- same subject as the main clause)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_4SG_GA:593ad397b0cf", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative intransitive, 4th person singular, {ga}-marker variant (without his/her V-ing -- same subject as the main clause)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_4SG_GA.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_4SG_GA.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 4.sg, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 4.sg, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gani", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "{ga} is a variant of the {na} negative-contemporative mood marker (Figure 14.1), usable in place of {na} on any stem but especially common on q-stems, where the g-rule merges /qg/ to /r/ so the /g/ itself is never actually seen on the surface -- e.g. {ajuq}V, '(actor) is not OK', gives ajornani (regular {na}) or ajorani ({ga}, with /qg/ => /r/) (AITWG:§14.1, §14.3).", "Matches Appendix B.2's 'gani' cell exactly.", "This single entry represents the {ga}-marker variant attested for the 4.sg cell specifically; the same variant also exists (per Figure 14.3's table) on 1.pl (-gata), 2.pl (-gasi -- also directly AITWG-attested, see V_CONTNEG_2PL's own notes) and 4.pl (-gatik), none of which are modeled as separate entries in this batch (issue [#94](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/94)'s 8-entry scope for negative contemporative) -- flagged here for a future granular split if ever wanted." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qungujugani", "natural": "(he,) without smiling" } ], "note": "AITWG:§14.3's own worked example (from a vowel stem, per the source's own gloss 'which are a vowel stem and a t-stem, respectively' comparing this example to tusarnaaqqaartigasi); not re-decomposed into stem+ending components beyond what AITWG itself states." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_4SG_GA", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing / and he/she (that same one) does not ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ / og han/hun (den samme) ikke ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative intransitive, 1st person plural (while we do not V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_1PL:af4f05194fad", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative intransitive, 1st person plural (while we do not V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 1.pl, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 1.pl, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nata", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tə} => -nata, with the same word-final bare-schwa => [a] resolution as V_CONT_INTR_1PL's -luta (AITWG:§14.3 prose); matches Appendix B.2's 'nata' cell exactly.", "A rarer {ga}-marker variant, -gata, also exists for this cell -- see V_CONTNEG_4SG_GA's note (not separately modeled here)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerinata", "natural": "while we don't eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing / and we do not ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ / og vi ikke ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative intransitive, 2nd person plural (while you [pl.] do not V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_2PL:3d4b99ee4a4c", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative intransitive, 2nd person plural (while you [pl.] do not V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 2.pl, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 2.pl, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{si} => -nasi (AITWG:§14.3, Figure 14.3); matches Appendix B.2's 'nasi' cell exactly.", "A rarer {ga}-marker variant, -gasi, also exists for this cell and is itself directly AITWG-attested: 'tusarnaaqqaartigasi, (you) before having listened (to something)... a t-stem' (AITWG:§14.3) -- not separately modeled as its own entry in this batch, see V_CONTNEG_4SG_GA's note for the general -ga- scope decision." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerinasi", "natural": "while you (pl.) don't eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example (the attested example for this cell's {ga}-marker variant is 'tusarnaaqqaartigasi', a t-stem -- see this entry's own notes)." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing / and you all do not ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ / og I ikke ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative intransitive, 4th person plural (while they do not V -- same subject as the main clause)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_4PL:4964af3e595f", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative intransitive, 4th person plural (while they do not V -- same subject as the main clause)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md#Figure 14.3: row 4.pl, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 14.3: row 4.pl, column Negative cont.", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-natik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tək} => -natik, via the same {tək} => -tik schwa resolution as V_CONT_INTR_4PL's family; matches Appendix B.2's 'natik' cell exactly.", "A rarer {ga}-marker variant, -gatik, also exists for this cell -- see V_CONTNEG_4SG_GA's note (not separately modeled here)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerinatik", "natural": "while they (the same people as the main clause's subject) don't eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing / and they (those same ones) do not ___ (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ / og de (de samme) ikke ___ (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (while I V you, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG:8deda1853360", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (while I V you, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=1.sg, object=2.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lutit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way." ], "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llutit" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulutit", "natural": "while I see you, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and I ___ you (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — I → you", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og jeg ___ dig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — jeg → dig", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_1SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (while I V him/her/it, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_1SG_3SG:99870126dd8d", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (while I V him/her/it, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=1.sg, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugu", "lexical_overrides": { "pi_v": "-galugu" }, "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way." ], "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugu" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugu", "natural": "while I see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_1SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and I ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — I → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og jeg ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — jeg → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_1SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (while I V you [pl.], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_1SG_2PL:ab0ab7c282f1", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (while I V you [pl.], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=1.sg, object=2.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lusi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way." ], "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llusi" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulusi", "natural": "while I see you (pl.), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_1SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and I ___ you all (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — I → you all", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og jeg ___ jer (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — jeg → jer", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_1SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (while I V them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_1SG_3PL:4810c1f8cf2e", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (while I V them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=1.sg, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugit" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} (AITWG:§14.6 Table 10), general elsewhere-case ə-rule -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugit", "natural": "while I see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_1SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and I ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — I → them", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og jeg ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — jeg → dem", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (while I do not V you, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2SG:a032749cb298", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (while I do not V you, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=1.sg, object=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-natit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tət} => -natit, mechanically derived by replacing the positive mood marker {(l)lu} with {na} in V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG's own '-lutit' (AITWG:§B.4's own stated derivation rule: no change to person markers); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunatit", "natural": "while I do not see you, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing you / and I do not ___ you (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — I → you — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dig / og jeg ikke ___ dig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — jeg → dig — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (while I do not V him/her/it, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_3SG:9d60dc9a01de", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (while I do not V him/her/it, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=1.sg, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{gu} => -nagu, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagu", "natural": "while I do not see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing him/her/it / and I do not ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — I → him/her/it — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ ham/hende/den / og jeg ikke ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — jeg → ham/hende/den — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (while I do not V you [pl.], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2PL:f1b9834fa434", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (while I do not V you [pl.], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=1.sg, object=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{si} => -nasi, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunasi", "natural": "while I do not see you (pl.), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing you all / and I do not ___ you all (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — I → you all — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ jer / og jeg ikke ___ jer (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — jeg → jer — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (while I do not V them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_3PL:115596f7c0a7", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (while I do not V them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=1.sg, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} (same resolution as V_CONT_TR_1SG_3PL's own '-lugit'); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagit", "natural": "while I do not see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_1SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing them / and I do not ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — I → them — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dem / og jeg ikke ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — jeg → dem — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (while you V me, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2SG_1SG:c7e319feb097", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (while you V me, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=2.sg, object=1.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lunga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way." ], "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llunga" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulunga", "natural": "while you see me, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you ___ me (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you → me", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og du ___ mig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — du → mig", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (while you V him/her/it, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2SG_3SG:cb806fd6a24d", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (while you V him/her/it, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=2.sg, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugu", "lexical_overrides": { "pi_v": "-galugu" }, "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugu" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_1SG_3SG's own '-lugu' above -- see this section's header comment on cross-subject form identity." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugu", "natural": "while you see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og du ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — du → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (while you V us, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2SG_1PL:af6dfa2f17be", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (while you V us, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=2.sg, object=1.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-luta", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way." ], "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-lluta" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuluta", "natural": "while you see us, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you ___ us (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you → us", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og du ___ os (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — du → os", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (while you V them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2SG_3PL:605a1735c020", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (while you V them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=2.sg, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugit" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugit", "natural": "while you see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you → them", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og du ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — du → dem", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (while you do not V me, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1SG:3cb94880a5c8", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (while you do not V me, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=2.sg, object=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nanga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{ŋa} => -nanga, mechanically derived by replacing the positive mood marker {(l)lu} with {na} (AITWG:§B.4's own stated derivation rule: no change to person markers); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunanga", "natural": "while you do not see me, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing me / and you do not ___ me (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you → me — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ mig / og du ikke ___ mig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — du → mig — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (while you do not V him/her/it, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_3SG:02768bfc0464", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (while you do not V him/her/it, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=2.sg, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{gu} => -nagu, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagu", "natural": "while you do not see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing him/her/it / and you do not ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you → him/her/it — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ ham/hende/den / og du ikke ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — du → ham/hende/den — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (while you do not V us, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1PL:2ab199109a96", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (while you do not V us, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=2.sg, object=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nata", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tə} => -nata, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunata", "natural": "while you do not see us, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing us / and you do not ___ us (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you → us — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ os / og du ikke ___ os (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — du → os — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (while you do not V them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_3PL:9a6b723f9a2b", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (while you do not V them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=2.sg, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} (same resolution as V_CONT_TR_2SG_3PL's own '-lugit'); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagit", "natural": "while you do not see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing them / and you do not ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you → them — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dem / og du ikke ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — du → dem — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 1sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s me, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG:5bd4bed5e4e6", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 1sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s me, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.sg, object=1.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lunga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llunga" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_2SG_1SG's own '-lunga' above -- see this section's header comment on cross-subject form identity." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulunga", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) sees me, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and he/she (that same one) ___ me (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → me", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og han/hun (den samme) ___ mig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → mig", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 2sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4SG_2SG:00edcf15de2b", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 2sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.sg, object=2.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lutit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llutit" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG's own '-lutit' above -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulutit", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) sees you, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and he/she (that same one) ___ you (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → you", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og han/hun (den samme) ___ dig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → dig", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 3sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s him/her/it [another], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4SG_3SG:f053b61f315a", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 3sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s him/her/it [another], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.sg, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugu", "lexical_overrides": { "pi_v": "-galugu" }, "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugu" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_1SG_3SG/V_CONT_TR_2SG_3SG's own '-lugu' above -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugu", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) sees him/her/it (another), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and he/she (that same one) ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og han/hun (den samme) ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 1pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s us, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4SG_1PL:a913df4f4e65", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 1pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s us, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.sg, object=1.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-luta", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-lluta" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_2SG_1PL's own '-luta' above -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuluta", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) sees us, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and he/she (that same one) ___ us (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → us", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og han/hun (den samme) ___ os (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → os", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 2pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you [pl.], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4SG_2PL:2dfd03565e9f", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 2pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you [pl.], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.sg, object=2.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lusi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llusi" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_1SG_2PL's own '-lusi' above -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulusi", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) sees you (pl.), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and he/she (that same one) ___ you all (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → you all", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og han/hun (den samme) ___ jer (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → jer", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 3pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4SG_3PL:4db8c0ebcfe7", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4sg acts on object 3pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.sg, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugit" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugit", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) sees them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and he/she (that same one) ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → them", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og han/hun (den samme) ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → dem", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V me, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG:9b5cefe5ee3b", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V me, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.sg, object=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nanga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{ŋa} => -nanga, mechanically derived by replacing the positive mood marker {(l)lu} with {na} (AITWG:§B.4's own stated derivation rule: no change to person markers); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunanga", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) does not see me, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing me / and he/she (that same one) does not ___ me (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → me — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ mig / og han/hun (den samme) ikke ___ mig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → mig — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V you, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_2SG:82f1cfe4ff81", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V you, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.sg, object=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-natit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tət} => -natit, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunatit", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) does not see you, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing you / and he/she (that same one) does not ___ you (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → you — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dig / og han/hun (den samme) ikke ___ dig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → dig — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V him/her/it [another], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_3SG:e3a6acb3956c", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3sg (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V him/her/it [another], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.sg, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{gu} => -nagu, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagu", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) does not see him/her/it (another), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing him/her/it / and he/she (that same one) does not ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → him/her/it — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ ham/hende/den / og han/hun (den samme) ikke ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → ham/hende/den — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V us, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1PL:30674fc5d131", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V us, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.sg, object=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nata", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tə} => -nata, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunata", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) does not see us, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing us / and he/she (that same one) does not ___ us (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → us — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ os / og han/hun (den samme) ikke ___ os (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → os — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V you [pl.], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_2PL:2c282ecdb727", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V you [pl.], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.sg, object=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{si} => -nasi, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunasi", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) does not see you (pl.), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing you all / and he/she (that same one) does not ___ you all (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → you all — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ jer / og han/hun (den samme) ikke ___ jer (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → jer — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_3PL:c7cd4312d265", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3pl (while he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] does not V them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.sg, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} (same resolution as V_CONT_TR_4SG_3PL's own '-lugit'); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagit", "natural": "while he/she (himself/herself) does not see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing them / and he/she (that same one) does not ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — he/she (that same one) → them — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dem / og han/hun (den samme) ikke ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — han/hun (den samme) → dem — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_1PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (while we V you, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_1PL_2SG:d9cb13e43413", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (while we V you, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=1.pl, object=2.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lutit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llutit" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG/V_CONT_TR_4SG_2SG's own '-lutit' above -- see this section's header comment on cross-subject form identity." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulutit", "natural": "while we see you, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_1PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and we ___ you (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → you", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og vi ___ dig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → dig", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (while we V him/her/it, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG:8d779200ad0f", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (while we V him/her/it, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=1.pl, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugu", "lexical_overrides": { "pi_v": "-galugu" }, "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugu" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_1SG_3SG/V_CONT_TR_2SG_3SG/V_CONT_TR_4SG_3SG's own '-lugu' above -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugu", "natural": "while we see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and we ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og vi ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_1PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (while we V you [pl.], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_1PL_2PL:4c5d5ba20115", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (while we V you [pl.], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=1.pl, object=2.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lusi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llusi" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_1SG_2PL/V_CONT_TR_4SG_2PL's own '-lusi' above -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulusi", "natural": "while we see you (pl.), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_1PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and we ___ you all (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → you all", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og vi ___ jer (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → jer", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (while we V them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL:8da7c8937537", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (while we V them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=1.pl, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugit" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugit", "natural": "while we see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and we ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → them", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og vi ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → dem", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (while we do not V you, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2SG:77c7aa8c4a2c", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (while we do not V you, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=1.pl, object=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-natit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tət} => -natit, mechanically derived by replacing the positive mood marker {(l)lu} with {na} (AITWG:§B.4's own stated derivation rule: no change to person markers); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunatit", "natural": "while we do not see you, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing you / and we do not ___ you (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → you — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dig / og vi ikke ___ dig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → dig — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (while we do not V him/her/it, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG:9c08fa766538", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (while we do not V him/her/it, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=1.pl, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{gu} => -nagu, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagu", "natural": "while we do not see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing him/her/it / and we do not ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → him/her/it — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ ham/hende/den / og vi ikke ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → ham/hende/den — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (while we do not V you [pl.], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2PL:f68741f67f33", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (while we do not V you [pl.], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=1.pl, object=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{si} => -nasi, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunasi", "natural": "while we do not see you (pl.), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing you all / and we do not ___ you all (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → you all — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ jer / og vi ikke ___ jer (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → jer — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (while we do not V them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3PL:b629b3b5000e", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (while we do not V them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=1.pl, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} (same resolution as V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL's own '-lugit'); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagit", "natural": "while we do not see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing them / and we do not ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → them — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dem / og vi ikke ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → dem — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (while you [pl.] V me, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG:3f06684ca889", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (while you [pl.] V me, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=2.pl, object=1.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lunga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llunga" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_2SG_1SG/V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG's own '-lunga' above -- see this section's header comment on cross-subject form identity." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulunga", "natural": "while you (pl.) see me, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you all ___ me (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → me", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og I ___ mig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → mig", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (while you [pl.] V him/her/it, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG:4a7b366aa9b1", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (while you [pl.] V him/her/it, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=2.pl, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugu", "lexical_overrides": { "pi_v": "-galugu" }, "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugu" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_1SG_3SG/V_CONT_TR_2SG_3SG/V_CONT_TR_4SG_3SG/V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG's own '-lugu' above -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugu", "natural": "while you (pl.) see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you all ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og I ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (while you [pl.] V us, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL:c03b9507548a", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (while you [pl.] V us, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=2.pl, object=1.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-luta", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-lluta" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_2SG_1PL/V_CONT_TR_4SG_1PL's own '-luta' above -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuluta", "natural": "while you (pl.) see us, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you all ___ us (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → us", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og I ___ os (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → os", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (while you [pl.] V them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL:58d86beec07c", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (while you [pl.] V them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=2.pl, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugit" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugit", "natural": "while you (pl.) see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you all ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → them", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og I ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → dem", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (while you [pl.] do not V me, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG:1eb803222c9b", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (while you [pl.] do not V me, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=2.pl, object=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nanga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{ŋa} => -nanga, mechanically derived by replacing the positive mood marker {(l)lu} with {na} (AITWG:§B.4's own stated derivation rule: no change to person markers); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunanga", "natural": "while you (pl.) do not see me, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing me / and you all do not ___ me (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → me — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ mig / og I ikke ___ mig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → mig — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (while you [pl.] do not V him/her/it, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3SG:a3874f6c3a91", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (while you [pl.] do not V him/her/it, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=2.pl, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{gu} => -nagu, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagu", "natural": "while you (pl.) do not see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing him/her/it / and you all do not ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → him/her/it — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ ham/hende/den / og I ikke ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → ham/hende/den — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (while you [pl.] do not V us, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1PL:364cdb1ebba4", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (while you [pl.] do not V us, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=2.pl, object=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nata", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tə} => -nata, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunata", "natural": "while you (pl.) do not see us, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing us / and you all do not ___ us (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → us — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ os / og I ikke ___ os (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → os — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (while you [pl.] do not V them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3PL:14a0e111117c", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (while you [pl.] do not V them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=2.pl, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} (same resolution as V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL's own '-lugit'); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagit", "natural": "while you (pl.) do not see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing them / and you all do not ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → them — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dem / og I ikke ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → dem — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 1sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V me, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4PL_1SG:a9ee8dddf601", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 1sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V me, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.pl, object=1.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lunga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llunga" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_2SG_1SG/V_CONT_TR_4SG_1SG/V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG's own '-lunga' above -- see this section's header comment on cross-subject form identity." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulunga", "natural": "while they (themselves) see me, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and they (those same ones) ___ me (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → me", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og de (de samme) ___ mig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → mig", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 2sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4PL_2SG:3ec5d1be47a1", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 2sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.pl, object=2.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lutit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llutit" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_1SG_2SG/V_CONT_TR_4SG_2SG/V_CONT_TR_1PL_2SG's own '-lutit' above -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulutit", "natural": "while they (themselves) see you, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_4PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and they (those same ones) ___ you (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → you", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og de (de samme) ___ dig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → dig", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 3sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V him/her/it [another], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4PL_3SG:620ef2c9bf1e", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 3sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V him/her/it [another], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.pl, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugu", "lexical_overrides": { "pi_v": "-galugu" }, "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugu" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to every other subject batch's own 3sg-object cell above ('-lugu') -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugu", "natural": "while they (themselves) see him/her/it (another), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_4PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and they (those same ones) ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og de (de samme) ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 1pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V us, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4PL_1PL:fda34d66131e", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 1pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V us, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.pl, object=1.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-luta", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-lluta" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_2SG_1PL/V_CONT_TR_4SG_1PL/V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL's own '-luta' above -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuluta", "natural": "while they (themselves) see us, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_4PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and they (those same ones) ___ us (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → us", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og de (de samme) ___ os (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → os", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 2pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you [pl.], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4PL_2PL:e78ab7b17341", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 2pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you [pl.], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.pl, object=2.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lusi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llusi" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Identical surface form to V_CONT_TR_1SG_2PL/V_CONT_TR_4SG_2PL/V_CONT_TR_1PL_2PL's own '-lusi' above -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulusi", "natural": "while they (themselves) see you (pl.), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_4PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and they (those same ones) ___ you all (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → you all", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og de (de samme) ___ jer (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → jer", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_4PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 3pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_4PL_3PL:bc7834f34e8a", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive), subject 4pl acts on object 3pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_4PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-positive-row subject=4.pl, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lugit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llugit" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} -- see this section's header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulugit", "natural": "while they (themselves) see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_4PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_4PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and they (those same ones) ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → them", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og de (de samme) ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → dem", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V me, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG:2118dcf4301b", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V me, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.pl, object=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nanga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{ŋa} => -nanga, mechanically derived by replacing the positive mood marker {(l)lu} with {na} (AITWG:§B.4's own stated derivation rule: no change to person markers); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunanga", "natural": "while they (themselves) do not see me, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing me / and they (those same ones) do not ___ me (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → me — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ mig / og de (de samme) ikke ___ mig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → mig — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V you, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_2SG:9a1dbc6c89a9", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V you, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.pl, object=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-natit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tət} => -natit, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunatit", "natural": "while they (themselves) do not see you, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing you / and they (those same ones) do not ___ you (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → you — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dig / og de (de samme) ikke ___ dig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → dig — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V him/her/it [another], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_3SG:aabc99a24d1a", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3sg (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V him/her/it [another], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.pl, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{gu} => -nagu, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagu", "natural": "while they (themselves) do not see him/her/it (another), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing him/her/it / and they (those same ones) do not ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → him/her/it — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ ham/hende/den / og de (de samme) ikke ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → ham/hende/den — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V us, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1PL:84ffefa8669e", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V us, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.pl, object=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nata", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tə} => -nata, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunata", "natural": "while they (themselves) do not see us, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing us / and they (those same ones) do not ___ us (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → us — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ os / og de (de samme) ikke ___ os (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → os — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V you [pl.], [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_2PL:6938a69b5698", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V you [pl.], [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.pl, object=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{si} => -nasi, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunasi", "natural": "while they (themselves) do not see you (pl.), ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing you all / and they (those same ones) do not ___ you all (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → you all — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ jer / og de (de samme) ikke ___ jer (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → jer — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V them, [main clause])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_3PL:0f87dcd17a21", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3pl (while they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] do not V them, [main clause])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-I-negative-row subject=4.pl, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nagit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Surface [git] from the pre-sandhi reduced marker {gət} (same resolution as V_CONT_TR_4PL_3PL's own '-lugit'); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunagit", "natural": "while they (themselves) do not see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_4PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing them / and they (those same ones) do not ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — they (those same ones) → them — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dem / og de (de samme) ikke ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — de (de samme) → dem — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (while we V him/her/it, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL:b768da22b8b4", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (while we V him/her/it, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-positive-row subject=1.pl, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lutigu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llutigu" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Dual-marked alternate to V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG's own object-only '-lugu' -- AITWG:§B.4's own [^b4_dual] footnote: 'the ordinary object-only form and, alongside it, the alternate form used when 1.pl/2.pl is also marked as subject.' Pre-sandhi {tə}{gu}=>-tigu (ə=>i, general elsewhere-case ə-rule) layered onto the mood marker, giving -lu-tigu." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulutigu", "natural": "while we (explicitly, as a group) see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and we ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og vi ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (while we V them, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL_DUAL:285f8a5f719f", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (while we V them, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-positive-row subject=1.pl, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lutigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llutigik" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Dual-marked alternate to V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL's own object-only '-lugit' -- see V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL's note. Uses the FULL {git}-derived object marker (not Contemporative I's reduced {gət}), matching this section's own header comment." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulutigik", "natural": "while we (explicitly, as a group) see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_1PL_3PL_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and we ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → them", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og vi ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → dem", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (while you [pl.] V me, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG_DUAL:6634d22a1a0b", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (while you [pl.] V me, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-positive-row subject=2.pl, object=1.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lusinga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llusinga" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Dual-marked alternate to V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG's own object-only '-lunga' -- see V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL's note. The explicit 2pl subject marker {si} surfaces here (lu-si-nga), absent from the object-only form." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulusinga", "natural": "while you (pl., explicitly, as a group) see me, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2PL_1SG_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you all ___ me (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → me", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og I ___ mig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → mig", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (while you [pl.] V him/her/it, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG_DUAL:69a43ee1cde8", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (while you [pl.] V him/her/it, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-positive-row subject=2.pl, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lusiuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llusiuk" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Dual-marked alternate to V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG's own object-only '-lugu' -- see V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL's note. Pre-sandhi combined marker is {lusijuk} (AITWG:§14.6 Table 10); the g->j shift (Definition 14.1 rule 3) never surfaces in plain orthography here either -- j is never written after i (AITWG:§14.7), the 2pl subject marker {si}'s own final /i/ triggering the same deletion already documented for V_INTERR_TR_2PL_3SG's parallel cell." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulusiuk", "natural": "while you (pl., explicitly, as a group) see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you all ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og I ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (while you [pl.] V us, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL_DUAL:85d1c1e3bc9f", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (while you [pl.] V us, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-positive-row subject=2.pl, object=1.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lutigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llutigut" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Dual-marked alternate to V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL's own object-only '-luta' -- see V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL's note. Uses the FULL {təgut} object marker (not Contemporative I's reduced {tə})." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulutigut", "natural": "while you (pl., explicitly, as a group) see us, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2PL_1PL_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you all ___ us (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → us", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og I ___ os (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → os", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONT_TR", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (while you [pl.] V them, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL_DUAL:bffe8724ba71", "items": [ { "text": "contemporative transitive (positive, dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (while you [pl.] V them, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-positive-row subject=2.pl, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.4-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lusigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llusigik" }, "notes": [ "issue #413 follow-up: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph (doubled '-ll-') for the same reason as V_CONT_INTR_*'s own fix -- AITWG:§14.6 Table 10 gives this ending's own marker as '{(l)lu}' too (same notation as Figure 14.3's intransitive column), and aki_v (vowel_final_stem)'s independently-cited intransitive paradigm already confirmed the doubling is real on a true vowel-final host, not an artifact of naalak's own k-assimilation. Not independently spot-checked against a transitive gold example for THIS specific cell (unlike the intransitive fix's naalak/pulaar/aki_v citations), but same marker, same mechanism, same schema field -- scoped as a KEYED allomorph (default stays untouched) specifically because the intransitive fix's own first attempt at a blanket change broke pulaar's uvular_final_stem case; verified this allomorph doesn't fire for consonant-final hosts either way.", "Dual-marked alternate to V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL's own object-only '-lugit' -- see V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulusigik", "natural": "while you (pl., explicitly, as a group) see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONT_TR_2PL_3PL_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…while/and you all ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → them", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…mens/og I ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → dem", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (while we do not V him/her/it, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL:9349afc31023", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (while we do not V him/her/it, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-negative-row subject=1.pl, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-natigu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tə}{gu} => -natigu, mechanically derived by replacing the positive mood marker {(l)lu} with {na} in V_CONT_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL's own '-lutigu' (AITWG:§B.4's own stated derivation rule: no change to person markers); matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own Contemporative II negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunatigu", "natural": "while we (explicitly, as a group) do not see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing him/her/it / and we do not ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → him/her/it — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ ham/hende/den / og vi ikke ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → ham/hende/den — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3PL_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (while we do not V them, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3PL_DUAL:a98b380f4f40", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (while we do not V them, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3PL_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3PL_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-negative-row subject=1.pl, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-natigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tə}{gək} => -natigik, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own Contemporative II negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunatigik", "natural": "while we (explicitly, as a group) do not see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3PL_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing them / and we do not ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — we → them — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dem / og vi ikke ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — vi → dem — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (while you [pl.] do not V me, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG_DUAL:731f428ce08d", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (while you [pl.] do not V me, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-negative-row subject=2.pl, object=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nasinga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{si}{ŋa} => -nasinga, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own Contemporative II negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunasinga", "natural": "while you (pl., explicitly, as a group) do not see me, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1SG_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing me / and you all do not ___ me (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → me — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ mig / og I ikke ___ mig (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → mig — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3SG_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (while you [pl.] do not V him/her/it, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3SG_DUAL:545c477c0318", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (while you [pl.] do not V him/her/it, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3SG_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3SG_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-negative-row subject=2.pl, object=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nasiuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{si}{juk} => -nasiuk, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL, plus the same j-after-i orthographic deletion already noted on V_CONT_TR_2PL_3SG_DUAL; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own Contemporative II negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunasiuk", "natural": "while you (pl., explicitly, as a group) do not see him/her/it, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3SG_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing him/her/it / and you all do not ___ him/her/it (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → him/her/it — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ ham/hende/den / og I ikke ___ ham/hende/den (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → ham/hende/den — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1PL_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (while you [pl.] do not V us, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1PL_DUAL:edd952e764b8", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (while you [pl.] do not V us, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1PL_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1PL_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-negative-row subject=2.pl, object=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-natigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{tə}{gut} => -natigut, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own Contemporative II negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunatigut", "natural": "while you (pl., explicitly, as a group) do not see us, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_1PL_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing us / and you all do not ___ us (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → us — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ os / og I ikke ___ os (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → os — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3PL_DUAL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR", "mood": "contemporative_negative", "clause_relation": [ "subordinate", "concurrent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§12.5" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (while you [pl.] do not V them, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3PL_DUAL:bbc6906e33c4", "items": [ { "text": "negative contemporative transitive (dual-marked), subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (while you [pl.] do not V them, [main clause] -- subject overtly marked alongside the object)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3PL_DUAL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3PL_DUAL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md#Contemporative-II-negative-row subject=2.pl, object=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch10-coreference.md#10.5-and-10.8", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "contemporative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "polarity": "negative" }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nasigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {na}{si}{gək} => -nasigik, same derivation methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL; matches AITWG:§14.6 Table 10's own Contemporative II negative row exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunasigik", "natural": "while you (pl., explicitly, as a group) do not see them, ..." } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CONTNEG_TR_1PL_3SG_DUAL." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.4" ], "id": "V_CONTNEG_TR_2PL_3PL_DUAL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "…without ___-ing them / and you all do not ___ them (adds on to the main verb of the sentence)", "en_short": "while/and — you all → them — not", "en_mood_label": "while/and", "da": "…uden at ___ dem / og I ikke ___ dem (føjer sig til sætningens hovedudsagn)", "da_short": "mens/og — I → dem — ikke", "da_mood_label": "mens/og", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_INTR_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_INTR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative/subordinate intransitive, 3rd person plural (because they V; when they V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_INTR_3PL:04185f3eec1b", "items": [ { "text": "causative/subordinate intransitive, 3rd person plural (because they V; when they V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 3.pl, column causative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 3.pl, column causative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "Fortescue1984:33", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 16", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 27" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-mata" }, "underlying_form": "-mmata", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Signals co-reference with main-clause subject in some analyses" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "siumut nerilersimammata", "natural": "because they had already started eating" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:33", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 16", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 27" ], "id": "V_CAU_INTR_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they ___-ed", "en_short": "because/when — they", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de ___-ede", "da_short": "fordi/når — de", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_INTR_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_INTR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative intransitive, 1st person singular (because/when I V-ed)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_INTR_1SG:9b5cf2f52750", "items": [ { "text": "causative intransitive, 1st person singular (because/when I V-ed)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 1.sg, column causative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 1.sg, column causative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.3" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gama", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {ga}{ma} => -gama (AITWG:§14.5, Figure 14.5); matches Appendix B.2's 'gama' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sinissagama", "natural": "because I shall sleep" } ], "note": "AITWG:§11.3's own worked example, from 'innalerpunga sinissagama' ('I'm going to bed because I shall sleep') -- the causative 1.sg ending -gama attached to the future-marked stem {sinək}V{ssa}V, 'shall sleep' (V{ssa}V, the future affix; the causative here denotes cause rather than time, per Definition 11.2's own note on affix-bearing dependent-mood clauses). Not re-derived on the bare {neri}V stem used elsewhere in this file, since a directly attested worked example exists for this exact cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.3" ], "id": "V_CAU_INTR_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when I ___-ed", "en_short": "because/when — I", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når jeg ___-ede", "da_short": "fordi/når — jeg", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_INTR_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_INTR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative intransitive, 2nd person singular (because/when you V-ed)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_INTR_2SG:3b2c5d1ae7dd", "items": [ { "text": "causative intransitive, 2nd person singular (because/when you V-ed)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 2.sg, column causative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 2.sg, column causative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gavit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {ga}{vət} => -gavit; the marker-internal /v/ is retained because it stands between /a/ and schwa (realizing as /i/), not between /u/ and /a/-or-/i/, so the voiced-fricative spelling rule (per AITWG ch.5's Definition 5.4) does not delete it here -- contrast conditional 2.sg -guit, where {gu}{vət}'s /v/ *is* between /u/ and /i/ and so is dropped (see V_COND_INTR_2SG's own note).", "Matches Appendix B.2's 'gavit' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigavit", "natural": "because/when you eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_CAU_INTR_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you ___-ed", "en_short": "because/when — you", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når du ___-ede", "da_short": "fordi/når — du", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_INTR_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_INTR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative intransitive, 3rd person singular (because/when he/she/it V-ed)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_INTR_3SG:e8a9f73e8f11", "items": [ { "text": "causative intransitive, 3rd person singular (because/when he/she/it V-ed)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 3.sg, column causative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 3.sg, column causative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Oqaatsit1997:ataasinngormat#e2191", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataasinngormat#e2152" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-mmat", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-mat" }, "notes": [ "Causative uses the special 3rd-person mood marker {(m)m} rather than {ga} (AITWG:§14.5, Figure 14.5 and its surrounding prose); this entry's default form is the geminated '-mmat' shown in Figure 14.5/Appendix B.2 -- the precise stem-class conditioning of the parenthesised /m/ is not spelled out in AITWG's prose here and is not re-derived from scratch (see the pedagogy note below for an attested consonant-stem example showing a different, non-geminated realization).", "Matches Appendix B.2's '(m)mat' cell exactly.", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarmat' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against.", "Modern rows corroborate last/previous Monday in the existing AITWG weekday example. Historical rows additionally mention when it was one oclock, a source-bound context. These lexical rows do not independently establish the mood table, stem-conditioned weakening or the unreviewed construction." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ataasinngormat", "natural": "(it was) last Monday (lit. because/when it became one)" } ], "note": "AITWG:§11.5's own worked example (the days-of-the-week paragraph closing chapter 11), on the stem underlying 'ataasinngoq' ({atausiq}N + {ŋŋuq}V, '(actor) becomes N'). The attested surface shows a single, non-geminated /m/ after the stem's final /q/ ('-ngormat', not this entry's default vowel-stem-table form '-ngoqmmat'/'-ngommat') -- a q-plus-consonant weakening pattern that AITWG's own ch.14.6-14.9 material (docs/aitwg2ed/14.6-14.9-transitive-endings-and-special-affixes.md's Fidelity notes) flags as attested but not tied to any specific numbered Definition; not re-derived as a general rule here, only the attested form is cited. Same caution applies to V_COND_INTR_3SG's parallel 'ataasinngorpat' and V_ITER_INTR_3SG's parallel 'ataasinngoraangat'." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Oqaatsit1997:ataasinngormat#e2191", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataasinngormat#e2152" ], "id": "V_CAU_INTR_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she/it ___-ed", "en_short": "because/when — he/she/it", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun/den ___-ede", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun/den", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_INTR_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_INTR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative intransitive, 4th person singular (because/when he/she/it -- himself/herself/itself, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V-ed)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_INTR_4SG:b54000975c2a", "items": [ { "text": "causative intransitive, 4th person singular (because/when he/she/it -- himself/herself/itself, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V-ed)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 4.sg, column causative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 4.sg, column causative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.3" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gami", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {ga}{mi} => -gami (AITWG:§14.5, Figure 14.5); matches Appendix B.2's 'gami' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aalakoorami", "natural": "because he (himself) was drunk" } ], "note": "AITWG:§11.3's own worked example, from 'aalakoorami Piitap qimmini aallaavaa' ('Peter shot his dog because he [Peter himself] was drunk') -- the 4.sg causative ending is required because the drunk person and the main clause's subject (Peter) are the same referent. The attested surface form shows the marker's initial /g/ absent after this particular stem ('aalakoorami', not '*aalakoorgami'); not re-derived as a general rule here (same caution as V_COND_INTR_4SG's parallel 'aalakooruni' example), only the attested form is cited." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.3" ], "id": "V_CAU_INTR_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she (that same one) ___-ed", "en_short": "because/when — he/she (that same one)", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun (den samme) ___-ede", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun (den samme)", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_INTR_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_INTR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative intransitive, 1st person plural (because/when we V-ed)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_INTR_1PL:de3b5aab4c34", "items": [ { "text": "causative intransitive, 1st person plural (because/when we V-ed)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 1.pl, column causative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 1.pl, column causative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gatta", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Figure 14.5's pre-sandhi {ga}{mtə} cluster /mt/ reduces to -tt- by the general consonant rule (regressive assimilation, per AITWG ch.3's Definition 3.9), giving -gatta; matches Appendix B.2's 'gatta' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigatta", "natural": "because/when we eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_CAU_INTR_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when we ___-ed", "en_short": "because/when — we", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når vi ___-ede", "da_short": "fordi/når — vi", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_INTR_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_INTR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative intransitive, 2nd person plural (because/when you [pl.] V-ed)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_INTR_2PL:fabff6195849", "items": [ { "text": "causative intransitive, 2nd person plural (because/when you [pl.] V-ed)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 2.pl, column causative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 2.pl, column causative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gassi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Figure 14.5's pre-sandhi {ga}{vsi} cluster /vs/ reduces to -ss- by the general consonant rule (per AITWG ch.3's Definition 3.9); matches Appendix B.2's 'gassi' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigassi", "natural": "because/when you (pl.) eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_CAU_INTR_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you all ___-ed", "en_short": "because/when — you all", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når I ___-ede", "da_short": "fordi/når — I", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_INTR_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_INTR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative intransitive, 4th person plural (because/when they -- themselves, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V-ed)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_INTR_4PL:47bf6dd8f73c", "items": [ { "text": "causative intransitive, 4th person plural (because/when they -- themselves, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V-ed)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_INTR_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 4.pl, column causative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 4.pl, column causative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {ga}{mək} => -gamik, schwa resolving to /i/ word-finally by the default schwa rule (the same {tək}=>-tik pattern independently established by V_CONT_INTR_4PL's parallel cell elsewhere in this file); matches Appendix B.2's 'gamik' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigamik", "natural": "because/when they (themselves) eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_CAU_INTR_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they (those same ones) ___-ed", "en_short": "because/when — they (those same ones)", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de (de samme) ___-ede", "da_short": "fordi/når — de (de samme)", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4sg (because/when we V him/her/it -- coreferential with the main-clause subject)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1PL_4SG:48b68b7ba93d", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4sg (because/when we V him/her/it -- coreferential with the main-clause subject)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gatsinni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "person_marker_sandhi": "object_4sg_n_doubling_after_plural_subject" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugatsinni", "natural": "because/when we see him/her/it (himself/herself/itself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the takU- 'see' stem (already used throughout this file's other transitive entries) with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when we ___-ed himself/herself", "en_short": "because/when — we → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når vi ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — vi → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4sg (because/when you [pl.] V him/her/it -- coreferential with the main-clause subject)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2PL_4SG:0f9a39523c9f", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4sg (because/when you [pl.] V him/her/it -- coreferential with the main-clause subject)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gassinni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "person_marker_sandhi": "object_4sg_n_doubling_after_plural_subject" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugassinni", "natural": "because/when you (pl.) see him/her/it (himself/herself/itself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1PL_4SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you all ___-ed himself/herself", "en_short": "because/when — you all → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når I ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — I → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (because/when we V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1PL_3PL:a5fbfb516bdd", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (because/when we V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gatsigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "person_marker_sandhi": "object_3pl_dual_form_after_plural_subject" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugatsigik", "natural": "because/when we see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1PL_4SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when we ___-ed them", "en_short": "because/when — we → them", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når vi ___-ede dem", "da_short": "fordi/når — vi → dem", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (because/when you [pl.] V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2PL_3PL:cb60ccf5a9e1", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (because/when you [pl.] V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gassigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "person_marker_sandhi": "object_3pl_dual_form_after_plural_subject" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugassigik", "natural": "because/when you (pl.) see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1PL_4SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you all ___-ed them", "en_short": "because/when — you all → them", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når I ___-ede dem", "da_short": "fordi/når — I → dem", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (because/when I V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG:6b4d8397ec06", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (because/when I V you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gakkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_1SG_3PL's own '-gakkit' below -- 2sg/3pl-object syncretism within this subject row, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly (same pattern already documented for Iterative/Conditional's own row-1sg cells)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugakkit", "natural": "because/when I see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when I ___-ed you", "en_short": "because/when — I → you", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når jeg ___-ede dig", "da_short": "fordi/når — jeg → dig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (because/when I V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1SG_3SG:d4315a845868", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (because/when I V him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gakku", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_2SG_3SG's own '-gakku' below -- 1sg/2sg-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugakku", "natural": "because/when I see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when I ___-ed him/her/it", "en_short": "because/when — I → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når jeg ___-ede ham/hende/den", "da_short": "fordi/når — jeg → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4sg (because/when I V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1SG_4SG:355f53886d4d", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4sg (because/when I V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ganni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_2SG_4SG's own '-ganni' below -- 1sg/2sg-subject syncretism on this object column, same pattern as V_CAU_TR_1SG_3SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuganni", "natural": "because/when I see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when I ___-ed himself/herself", "en_short": "because/when — I → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når jeg ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — jeg → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (because/when I V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1SG_2PL:bce825e9dc9b", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (because/when I V you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gassi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugassi", "natural": "because/when I see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when I ___-ed you all", "en_short": "because/when — I → you all", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når jeg ___-ede jer", "da_short": "fordi/når — jeg → jer", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (because/when I V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1SG_3PL:4693e49c1831", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (because/when I V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gakkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG's own '-gakkit' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugakkit", "natural": "because/when I see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when I ___-ed them", "en_short": "because/when — I → them", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når jeg ___-ede dem", "da_short": "fordi/når — jeg → dem", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4pl (because/when I V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1SG_4PL:c382d5936714", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4pl (because/when I V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1SG_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gatsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_2SG_4PL's own '-gatsik' below -- 1sg/2sg-subject syncretism on this object column, same pattern as V_CAU_TR_1SG_3SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugatsik", "natural": "because/when I see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when I ___-ed themselves", "en_short": "because/when — I → themselves", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når jeg ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — jeg → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (because/when you V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2SG_1SG:29c23588244b", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (because/when you V me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamma", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugamma", "natural": "because/when you see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you ___-ed me", "en_short": "because/when — you → me", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når du ___-ede mig", "da_short": "fordi/når — du → mig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (because/when you V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2SG_3SG:be4276f81528", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (because/when you V him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gakku", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_1SG_3SG's own '-gakku' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugakku", "natural": "because/when you see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you ___-ed him/her/it", "en_short": "because/when — you → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når du ___-ede ham/hende/den", "da_short": "fordi/når — du → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4sg (because/when you V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2SG_4SG:69321f793b84", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4sg (because/when you V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ganni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_1SG_4SG's own '-ganni' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuganni", "natural": "because/when you see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you ___-ed himself/herself", "en_short": "because/when — you → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når du ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — du → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (because/when you V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2SG_1PL:6954419eda8f", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (because/when you V us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gatsigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugatsigut", "natural": "because/when you see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you ___-ed us", "en_short": "because/when — you → us", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når du ___-ede os", "da_short": "fordi/når — du → os", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (because/when you V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2SG_3PL:6b0137164583", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (because/when you V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gakkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG/V_CAU_TR_1SG_3PL's own '-gakkit' above -- see V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugakkit", "natural": "because/when you see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you ___-ed them", "en_short": "because/when — you → them", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når du ___-ede dem", "da_short": "fordi/når — du → dem", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4pl (because/when you V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2SG_4PL:b4be78c2f343", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4pl (because/when you V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2SG_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gatsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_1SG_4PL's own '-gatsik' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugatsik", "natural": "because/when you see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you ___-ed themselves", "en_short": "because/when — you → themselves", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når du ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — du → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg (because/when he/she/it V-s me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG:dcd4f6db185f", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg (because/when he/she/it V-s me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-manga" }, "underlying_form": "-mmanga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Default geminated '-mm-' form of the special 3rd-person mood marker {(m)m} -- see this section's own header comment and V_CAU_INTR_3SG's parallel note on the intransitive '-mmat' cell for the general caution about consonant-stem degemination." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummanga", "natural": "because/when he/she/it sees me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she/it ___-ed me", "en_short": "because/when — he/she/it → me", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun/den ___-ede mig", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun/den → mig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg (because/when he/she/it V-s you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3SG_2SG:07eaa32ae92a", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg (because/when he/she/it V-s you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-matit" }, "underlying_form": "-mmatit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummatit", "natural": "because/when he/she/it sees you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she/it ___-ed you", "en_short": "because/when — he/she/it → you", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun/den ___-ede dig", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun/den → dig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg (because/when he/she/it V-s him/her/it [disjoint reference])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3SG_3SG:1d1ca3e1483b", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg (because/when he/she/it V-s him/her/it [disjoint reference])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-mmagu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-magu" }, "notes": [ "Plain {gu} object marker, not POSS-style -- the Causative mood keeps the ordinary transitive object markers throughout, matching AITWG:§14.6 Table 2's own row/column skeleton (same as already noted on this mood's existing V_CAU_TR_1PL_3PL entry).", "issue #780 (oq) follow-up: added a uvular_final_stem allomorph -- pulaar (uvular_final_stem) + this ending is cited attested 'pulaarmagu' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive-concatenation-plus-gemination surface this entry's own default text builds. No independent phonological-rule citation was found for WHY a uvular_final_stem host suppresses this ending's own gemination/devoices a following voiced fricative (Nielsen2012's own transcribed extracts have no full R-stem paradigm table to check against, only isolated citation forms) -- this allomorph is the directly ATTESTED surface form itself (same evidentiary basis as V_IND_INTR_3SG's own '-poq after certain consonants (p/t/k)' note), not a derived rule. pulaar is the only uvular_final_stem verb currently exercising this ending in the worked_examples corpus; ajoq/aallaq have no worked examples for this cell to cross-check against." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummagu", "natural": "because/when he/she/it sees him/her/it (another)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she/it ___-ed him/her/it", "en_short": "because/when — he/she/it → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun/den ___-ede ham/hende/den", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun/den → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4sg (because/when he/she/it V-s himself/herself)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3SG_4SG:677fd632a0d9", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4sg (because/when he/she/it V-s himself/herself)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-mani" }, "underlying_form": "-mmani", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummani", "natural": "because/when he/she/it sees himself/herself" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she/it ___-ed himself/herself", "en_short": "because/when — he/she/it → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun/den ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun/den → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl (because/when he/she/it V-s us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3SG_1PL:5a76f0e4adc1", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl (because/when he/she/it V-s us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-matigut" }, "underlying_form": "-mmatigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_3PL_1PL's own '-mmatigut' below -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummatigut", "natural": "because/when he/she/it sees us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she/it ___-ed us", "en_short": "because/when — he/she/it → us", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun/den ___-ede os", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun/den → os", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl (because/when he/she/it V-s you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3SG_2PL:ff3c0acf8882", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl (because/when he/she/it V-s you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-masi" }, "underlying_form": "-mmasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_3PL_2PL's own '-mmasi' below -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummasi", "natural": "because/when he/she/it sees you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she/it ___-ed you all", "en_short": "because/when — he/she/it → you all", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun/den ___-ede jer", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun/den → jer", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl (because/when he/she/it V-s them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3SG_3PL:d0f4fb24844d", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl (because/when he/she/it V-s them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-magit" }, "underlying_form": "-mmagit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Plain {gət}-derived object marker, not POSS-style -- see V_CAU_TR_3SG_3SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummagit", "natural": "because/when he/she/it sees them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she/it ___-ed them", "en_short": "because/when — he/she/it → them", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun/den ___-ede dem", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun/den → dem", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4pl (because/when he/she/it V-s them [reflexive/coreferential object])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3SG_4PL:4a81975b22d4", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4pl (because/when he/she/it V-s them [reflexive/coreferential object])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3SG_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-matik" }, "underlying_form": "-mmatik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_3PL_4PL's own '-mmatik' below -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummatik", "natural": "because/when he/she/it sees them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she/it ___-ed themselves", "en_short": "because/when — he/she/it → themselves", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun/den ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun/den → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1sg (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4SG_1SG:36c5ae7be1da", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1sg (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaminga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaminga", "natural": "because/when he/she (himself/herself) sees me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she (that same one) ___-ed me", "en_short": "because/when — he/she (that same one) → me", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun (den samme) ___-ede mig", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun (den samme) → mig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2sg (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4SG_2SG:79b2d54d9156", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2sg (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamisit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugamisit", "natural": "because/when he/she (himself/herself) sees you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she (that same one) ___-ed you", "en_short": "because/when — he/she (that same one) → you", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun (den samme) ___-ede dig", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun (den samme) → dig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3sg (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4SG_3SG:a060f055e018", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3sg (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamiuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugamiuk", "natural": "because/when he/she (himself/herself) sees him/her/it (a third party)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she (that same one) ___-ed him/her/it", "en_short": "because/when — he/she (that same one) → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun (den samme) ___-ede ham/hende/den", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun (den samme) → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1pl (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4SG_1PL:d7b1ee061a86", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1pl (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamisigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugamisigut", "natural": "because/when he/she (himself/herself) sees us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she (that same one) ___-ed us", "en_short": "because/when — he/she (that same one) → us", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun (den samme) ___-ede os", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun (den samme) → os", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2pl (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4SG_2PL:147007540b9e", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2pl (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamisi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugamisi", "natural": "because/when he/she (himself/herself) sees you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she (that same one) ___-ed you all", "en_short": "because/when — he/she (that same one) → you all", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun (den samme) ___-ede jer", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun (den samme) → jer", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3pl (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4SG_3PL:8b3f9c7d1c28", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3pl (because/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamigit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugamigit", "natural": "because/when he/she (himself/herself) sees them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when he/she (that same one) ___-ed them", "en_short": "because/when — he/she (that same one) → them", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når han/hun (den samme) ___-ede dem", "da_short": "fordi/når — han/hun (den samme) → dem", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (because/when we V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG:a4543bf69acf", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (because/when we V you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gatsigit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugatsigit", "natural": "because/when we see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when we ___-ed you", "en_short": "because/when — we → you", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når vi ___-ede dig", "da_short": "fordi/når — vi → dig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (because/when we V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1PL_3SG:7e249a17c653", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (because/when we V him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gatsigu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugatsigu", "natural": "because/when we see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when we ___-ed him/her/it", "en_short": "because/when — we → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når vi ___-ede ham/hende/den", "da_short": "fordi/når — vi → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (because/when we V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1PL_2PL:e811bc1cc8ec", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (because/when we V you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gassi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugassi", "natural": "because/when we see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when we ___-ed you all", "en_short": "because/when — we → you all", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når vi ___-ede jer", "da_short": "fordi/når — vi → jer", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_1PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4pl (because/when we V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_1PL_4PL:c3978ee84fe2", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4pl (because/when we V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_1PL_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gatsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_2PL_4PL's own '-gatsik' below -- 1pl/2pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugatsik", "natural": "because/when we see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_1PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when we ___-ed themselves", "en_short": "because/when — we → themselves", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når vi ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — vi → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (because/when you [pl.] V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2PL_1SG:4872eea52d03", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (because/when you [pl.] V me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gassinga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugassinga", "natural": "because/when you (pl.) see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you all ___-ed me", "en_short": "because/when — you all → me", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når I ___-ede mig", "da_short": "fordi/når — I → mig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (because/when you [pl.] V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2PL_3SG:540e6111a75f", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (because/when you [pl.] V him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gassiuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugassiuk", "natural": "because/when you (pl.) see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you all ___-ed him/her/it", "en_short": "because/when — you all → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når I ___-ede ham/hende/den", "da_short": "fordi/når — I → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (because/when you [pl.] V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2PL_1PL:521073088856", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (because/when you [pl.] V us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gatsigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugatsigut", "natural": "because/when you (pl.) see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you all ___-ed us", "en_short": "because/when — you all → us", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når I ___-ede os", "da_short": "fordi/når — I → os", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_2PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4pl (because/when you [pl.] V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_2PL_4PL:b695fdd792f1", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4pl (because/when you [pl.] V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_2PL_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gatsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_1PL_4PL's own '-gatsik' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugatsik", "natural": "because/when you (pl.) see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_2PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when you all ___-ed themselves", "en_short": "because/when — you all → themselves", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når I ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — I → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg (because/when they V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG:cb21a67a55b7", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg (because/when they V me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-mannga" }, "underlying_form": "-mmannga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummannga", "natural": "because/when they see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they ___-ed me", "en_short": "because/when — they → me", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de ___-ede mig", "da_short": "fordi/når — de → mig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg (because/when they V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3PL_2SG:fc7436afedda", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg (because/when they V you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-matsit" }, "underlying_form": "-mmatsit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummatsit", "natural": "because/when they see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they ___-ed you", "en_short": "because/when — they → you", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de ___-ede dig", "da_short": "fordi/når — de → dig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg (because/when they V him/her/it [disjoint reference])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3PL_3SG:2a7bbf16ef9d", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg (because/when they V him/her/it [disjoint reference])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-massuk" }, "underlying_form": "-mmassuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Irregular fused form, not naive concatenation -- the same memorized 3pl-subject/3sg-object exception Definition 14.3 (AITWG:§14.5) documents for the bare combination {at}{gu} => accuk, cf. V_ITER_TR_3PL_3SG/V_COND_TR_3PL_3SG/V_OPT_TR_3PL_3SG's own analogous cells ('-gaangassuk'/'-ppassuk'/'-lissuk') -- the fourth mood sharing this same structural exception." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummassuk", "natural": "because/when they see him/her/it (another)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they ___-ed him/her/it", "en_short": "because/when — they → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de ___-ede ham/hende/den", "da_short": "fordi/når — de → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4sg (because/when they V him/her/it [reflexive/coreferential object])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3PL_4SG:5fa03754ac9a", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4sg (because/when they V him/her/it [reflexive/coreferential object])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-manni" }, "underlying_form": "-mmanni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummanni", "natural": "because/when they see him/her/it (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they ___-ed himself/herself", "en_short": "because/when — they → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — de → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl (because/when they V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3PL_1PL:6e037fc5ec59", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl (because/when they V us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-matigut" }, "underlying_form": "-mmatigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_3SG_1PL's own '-mmatigut' above -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummatigut", "natural": "because/when they see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they ___-ed us", "en_short": "because/when — they → us", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de ___-ede os", "da_short": "fordi/når — de → os", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl (because/when they V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3PL_2PL:f23c0b077ae6", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl (because/when they V you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-masi" }, "underlying_form": "-mmasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_3SG_2PL's own '-mmasi' above -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummasi", "natural": "because/when they see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they ___-ed you all", "en_short": "because/when — they → you all", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de ___-ede jer", "da_short": "fordi/når — de → jer", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl (because/when they V them [disjoint reference])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3PL_3PL:6d219bc4d577", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl (because/when they V them [disjoint reference])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "notes": [ "The uvular_final_stem -matigik retains the existing final-k variant: Bjornum2012 K3§5 introduction and Skema 18 print +matigit (k), where (k) explicitly denotes the older k-for-t form, largely out of use. K8 example 28 corroborates that qualified variant; this selector only changes the initial mm to m." ], "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-matigik" }, "underlying_form": "-mmatigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummatigik", "natural": "because/when they see them (others)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they ___-ed them", "en_short": "because/when — they → them", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de ___-ede dem", "da_short": "fordi/når — de → dem", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_3PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4pl (because/when they V them [reflexive/coreferential object])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_3PL_4PL:eff8d597906e", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4pl (because/when they V them [reflexive/coreferential object])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_3PL_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-matik" }, "underlying_form": "-mmatik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_CAU_TR_3SG_4PL's own '-mmatik' above -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takummatik", "natural": "because/when they see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5d Skema 18", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 28" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_3PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they ___-ed themselves", "en_short": "because/when — they → themselves", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de ___-ede sig selv", "da_short": "fordi/når — de → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1sg (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4PL_1SG:e910394bc66e", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1sg (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaminnga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaminnga", "natural": "because/when they (themselves) see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they (those same ones) ___-ed me", "en_short": "because/when — they (those same ones) → me", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de (de samme) ___-ede mig", "da_short": "fordi/når — de (de samme) → mig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2sg (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4PL_2SG:9a8de7a467e1", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2sg (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamitsit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugamitsit", "natural": "because/when they (themselves) see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they (those same ones) ___-ed you", "en_short": "because/when — they (those same ones) → you", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de (de samme) ___-ede dig", "da_short": "fordi/når — de (de samme) → dig", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3sg (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4PL_3SG:d98c6508f08a", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3sg (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamikku", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugamikku", "natural": "because/when they (themselves) see him/her/it (a third party)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they (those same ones) ___-ed him/her/it", "en_short": "because/when — they (those same ones) → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de (de samme) ___-ede ham/hende/den", "da_short": "fordi/når — de (de samme) → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1pl (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4PL_1PL:830b74fbbac9", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1pl (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamisigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugamisigut", "natural": "because/when they (themselves) see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they (those same ones) ___-ed us", "en_short": "because/when — they (those same ones) → us", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de (de samme) ___-ede os", "da_short": "fordi/når — de (de samme) → os", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2pl (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4PL_2PL:fc6350cbaaad", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2pl (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamisi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugamisi", "natural": "because/when they (themselves) see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they (those same ones) ___-ed you all", "en_short": "because/when — they (those same ones) → you all", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de (de samme) ___-ede jer", "da_short": "fordi/når — de (de samme) → jer", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_CAU_TR_4PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_CAU_TR", "mood": "causative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "cause_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3pl (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_CAU_TR_4PL_3PL:a1f28a6712f5", "items": [ { "text": "causative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3pl (because/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_CAU_TR_4PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "causative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gamikkik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugamikkik", "natural": "because/when they (themselves) see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_CAU_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_CAU_TR_4PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "because/when they (those same ones) ___-ed them", "en_short": "because/when — they (those same ones) → them", "en_mood_label": "because/when", "da": "fordi/når de (de samme) ___-ede dem", "da_short": "fordi/når — de (de samme) → dem", "da_mood_label": "fordi/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_INTR_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_INTR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative intransitive, 1st person singular (whenever I V -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_INTR_1SG:06b2db7a2d34", "items": [ { "text": "iterative intransitive, 1st person singular (whenever I V -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 1.sg, column iterative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 1.sg, column iterative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangama", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {gaaŋa}{ma} => -gaangama (AITWG:§14.5, Figure 14.5); matches Appendix B.2's 'gaangama' cell exactly.", "AITWG:§11.5 Definition 11.4: the iterative mood always requires the habitual affix V{ðaq}V on the main verb, and translates as 'whenever'." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigaangama", "natural": "whenever I eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_INTR_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever I ___", "en_short": "whenever — I", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang jeg ___er", "da_short": "hver gang — jeg", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_INTR_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_INTR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative intransitive, 2nd person singular (whenever you V -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_INTR_2SG:9a3888e2e396", "items": [ { "text": "iterative intransitive, 2nd person singular (whenever you V -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 2.sg, column iterative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 2.sg, column iterative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangavit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {gaaŋa}{vət} => -gaangavit; the marker-internal /v/ is retained (not between /u/ and /a/-or-/i/, so the ch.5 Definition 5.4 spelling rule does not apply -- same pattern as causative 2.sg -gavit, contrast conditional 2.sg -guit).", "Matches Appendix B.2's 'gaangavit' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigaangavit", "natural": "whenever you eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_INTR_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you ___", "en_short": "whenever — you", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang du ___er", "da_short": "hver gang — du", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_INTR_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_INTR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative intransitive, 3rd person singular (whenever he/she/it V-s -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_INTR_3SG:71ba6cbb1ee4", "items": [ { "text": "iterative intransitive, 3rd person singular (whenever he/she/it V-s -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 3.sg, column iterative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 3.sg, column iterative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangat", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Iterative uses the special 3rd-person mood marker {gaaŋ} rather than {gaaŋa} (AITWG:§14.5, Figure 14.5 and its surrounding prose); matches Appendix B.2's 'gaangat' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ataasinngoraangat", "natural": "whenever it is Monday" } ], "note": "AITWG:§11.5's own worked example (days-of-the-week paragraph): 'ataasinngoraangat', on the stem underlying 'ataasinngoq' -- the marker's initial /g/ is absent after the stem's final /q/ ('-ngoraangat', not '*-ngoqgaangat'), the same stem-specific weakening pattern flagged on V_CAU_INTR_3SG's parallel 'ataasinngormat' and V_COND_INTR_3SG's parallel 'ataasinngorpat'; not re-derived as a general rule here. AITWG's author himself hedges this specific example ('although I think ataasinngornikkut... would be more common') -- a note about idiomatic naturalness, not about the grammaticality of the iterative 3.sg form itself, which Figure 14.5/Appendix B.2 both independently confirm as regular." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_INTR_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she/it ___s", "en_short": "whenever — he/she/it", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun/den ___er", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun/den", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_INTR_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_INTR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative intransitive, 4th person singular (whenever he/she/it -- himself/herself/itself, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V-s; main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_INTR_4SG:a5491d32e29e", "items": [ { "text": "iterative intransitive, 4th person singular (whenever he/she/it -- himself/herself/itself, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V-s; main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 4.sg, column iterative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 4.sg, column iterative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangami", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {gaaŋa}{mi} => -gaangami (AITWG:§14.5, Figure 14.5); matches Appendix B.2's 'gaangami' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigaangami", "natural": "whenever he/she (himself/herself, the same person as the main clause's subject) eats" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_INTR_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she (that same one) ___s", "en_short": "whenever — he/she (that same one)", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun (den samme) ___er", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun (den samme)", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_INTR_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_INTR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative intransitive, 1st person plural (whenever we V -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_INTR_1PL:ce49a2014e86", "items": [ { "text": "iterative intransitive, 1st person plural (whenever we V -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 1.pl, column iterative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 1.pl, column iterative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatta", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Figure 14.5's pre-sandhi {gaaŋa}{mtə} cluster /mt/ reduces to -tt- by the general consonant rule (same pattern as causative 1.pl -gatta); matches Appendix B.2's 'gaangatta' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigaangatta", "natural": "whenever we eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_INTR_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever we ___", "en_short": "whenever — we", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang vi ___er", "da_short": "hver gang — vi", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_INTR_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_INTR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative intransitive, 2nd person plural (whenever you [pl.] V -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_INTR_2PL:4c3b0cd1183e", "items": [ { "text": "iterative intransitive, 2nd person plural (whenever you [pl.] V -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 2.pl, column iterative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 2.pl, column iterative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangassi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Figure 14.5's pre-sandhi {gaaŋa}{vsi} cluster /vs/ reduces to -ss- by the general consonant rule (same pattern as causative 2.pl -gassi); matches Appendix B.2's 'gaangassi' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigaangassi", "natural": "whenever you (pl.) eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_INTR_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you all ___", "en_short": "whenever — you all", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang I ___er", "da_short": "hver gang — I", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_INTR_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_INTR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative intransitive, 3rd person plural (whenever they V -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_INTR_3PL:84bedddefa78", "items": [ { "text": "iterative intransitive, 3rd person plural (whenever they V -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 3.pl, column iterative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 3.pl, column iterative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangata", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {gaaŋ}{atə} => -gaangata, the plural counterpart of the special 3rd-person marker {gaaŋ} (AITWG:§14.5, Figure 14.5); matches Appendix B.2's 'gaangata' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigaangata", "natural": "whenever they eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_INTR_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they ___", "en_short": "whenever — they", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de ___er", "da_short": "hver gang — de", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_INTR_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_INTR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative intransitive, 4th person plural (whenever they -- themselves, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V; main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_INTR_4PL:e33cef3a5299", "items": [ { "text": "iterative intransitive, 4th person plural (whenever they -- themselves, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V; main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_INTR_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 4.pl, column iterative", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 4.pl, column iterative", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {gaaŋa}{mək} => -gaangamik, schwa resolving to /i/ word-finally (same {mək}=>-mik pattern as causative 4.pl -gamik); matches Appendix B.2's 'gaangamik' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigaangamik", "natural": "whenever they (themselves) eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_INTR_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they (those same ones) ___", "en_short": "whenever — they (those same ones)", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de (de samme) ___er", "da_short": "hver gang — de (de samme)", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (whenever I V you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG:5b0ed179d869", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (whenever I V you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangakkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_1SG_3PL's own '-gaangakkit' below -- 2sg/3pl-object syncretism within this subject row, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly (the same syncretism already documented for Causative's own row-1sg 2sg-object/3pl-object cells)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangakkit", "natural": "whenever I see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever I ___ you", "en_short": "whenever — I → you", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang jeg ___er dig", "da_short": "hver gang — jeg → dig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (whenever I V him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1SG_3SG:4e8327769ad6", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (whenever I V him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangakku", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_2SG_3SG's own '-gaangakku' below -- 1sg/2sg-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly (same pattern as Causative's own row-1sg/row-2sg 3sg-object cells)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangakku", "natural": "whenever I see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever I ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "whenever — I → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang jeg ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hver gang — jeg → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4sg (whenever I V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1SG_4SG:a56cef6476ec", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4sg (whenever I V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaanganni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_2SG_4SG's own '-gaanganni' below -- 1sg/2sg-subject syncretism on this object column, same pattern as V_ITER_TR_1SG_3SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaanganni", "natural": "whenever I see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever I ___ himself/herself", "en_short": "whenever — I → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang jeg ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — jeg → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (whenever I V you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1SG_2PL:6c7f23bbf369", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (whenever I V you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangassi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangassi", "natural": "whenever I see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever I ___ you all", "en_short": "whenever — I → you all", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang jeg ___er jer", "da_short": "hver gang — jeg → jer", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (whenever I V them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1SG_3PL:68568323c033", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (whenever I V them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangakkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG's own '-gaangakkit' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangakkit", "natural": "whenever I see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever I ___ them", "en_short": "whenever — I → them", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang jeg ___er dem", "da_short": "hver gang — jeg → dem", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4pl (whenever I V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1SG_4PL:1fdb2f454c18", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4pl (whenever I V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1SG_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_2SG_4PL's own '-gaangatsik' below -- 1sg/2sg-subject syncretism on this object column, same pattern as V_ITER_TR_1SG_3SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatsik", "natural": "whenever I see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever I ___ themselves", "en_short": "whenever — I → themselves", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang jeg ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — jeg → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (whenever you V me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2SG_1SG:df3e08c2f515", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (whenever you V me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamma", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangamma", "natural": "whenever you see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you ___ me", "en_short": "whenever — you → me", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang du ___er mig", "da_short": "hver gang — du → mig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (whenever you V him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2SG_3SG:b9032dfc4375", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (whenever you V him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangakku", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_1SG_3SG's own '-gaangakku' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangakku", "natural": "whenever you see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "whenever — you → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang du ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hver gang — du → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4sg (whenever you V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2SG_4SG:82c0488b6d64", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4sg (whenever you V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaanganni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_1SG_4SG's own '-gaanganni' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaanganni", "natural": "whenever you see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you ___ himself/herself", "en_short": "whenever — you → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang du ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — du → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (whenever you V us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2SG_1PL:8f588608c802", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (whenever you V us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatsigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatsigut", "natural": "whenever you see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you ___ us", "en_short": "whenever — you → us", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang du ___er os", "da_short": "hver gang — du → os", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (whenever you V them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2SG_3PL:c14586599d0e", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (whenever you V them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangakkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG/V_ITER_TR_1SG_3PL's own '-gaangakkit' above -- see V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangakkit", "natural": "whenever you see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you ___ them", "en_short": "whenever — you → them", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang du ___er dem", "da_short": "hver gang — du → dem", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4pl (whenever you V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2SG_4PL:94d546eba6dd", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4pl (whenever you V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2SG_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_1SG_4PL's own '-gaangatsik' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatsik", "natural": "whenever you see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you ___ themselves", "en_short": "whenever — you → themselves", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang du ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — du → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg (whenever he/she/it V-s me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG:bc534514799c", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg (whenever he/she/it V-s me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaanganga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaanganga", "natural": "whenever he/she/it sees me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she/it ___s me", "en_short": "whenever — he/she/it → me", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun/den ___er mig", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun/den → mig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg (whenever he/she/it V-s you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3SG_2SG:3bc2c05c2d57", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg (whenever he/she/it V-s you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatit", "natural": "whenever he/she/it sees you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she/it ___s you", "en_short": "whenever — he/she/it → you", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun/den ___er dig", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun/den → dig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg (whenever he/she/it V-s him/her/it [disjoint reference] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3SG_3SG:f6607df250b8", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg (whenever he/she/it V-s him/her/it [disjoint reference] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangagu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Plain {gu} object marker, not POSS-style -- unlike Participial's 3rd-person object columns, the Iterative mood keeps the ordinary transitive object markers throughout (AITWG:§14.6 Table 3's own row/column skeleton)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangagu", "natural": "whenever he/she/it sees him/her/it (another)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she/it ___s him/her/it", "en_short": "whenever — he/she/it → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun/den ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun/den → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4sg (whenever he/she/it V-s himself/herself -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3SG_4SG:d43514c4c729", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4sg (whenever he/she/it V-s himself/herself -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangani", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangani", "natural": "whenever he/she/it sees himself/herself" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she/it ___s himself/herself", "en_short": "whenever — he/she/it → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun/den ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun/den → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl (whenever he/she/it V-s us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3SG_1PL:1471833be01a", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl (whenever he/she/it V-s us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatigut", "natural": "whenever he/she/it sees us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she/it ___s us", "en_short": "whenever — he/she/it → us", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun/den ___er os", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun/den → os", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl (whenever he/she/it V-s you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3SG_2PL:21a55ab9751a", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl (whenever he/she/it V-s you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangasi", "natural": "whenever he/she/it sees you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she/it ___s you all", "en_short": "whenever — he/she/it → you all", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun/den ___er jer", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun/den → jer", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl (whenever he/she/it V-s them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3SG_3PL:383159d67375", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl (whenever he/she/it V-s them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangagit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Plain {gət}-derived object marker, not POSS-style -- see V_ITER_TR_3SG_3SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangagit", "natural": "whenever he/she/it sees them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she/it ___s them", "en_short": "whenever — he/she/it → them", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun/den ___er dem", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun/den → dem", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4pl (whenever he/she/it V-s them [reflexive/coreferential object] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3SG_4PL:654047b1b719", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4pl (whenever he/she/it V-s them [reflexive/coreferential object] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3SG_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatik", "natural": "whenever he/she/it sees them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she/it ___s themselves", "en_short": "whenever — he/she/it → themselves", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun/den ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun/den → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1sg (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4SG_1SG:02bd758c58a7", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1sg (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangaminga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangaminga", "natural": "whenever he/she (himself/herself) sees me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she (that same one) ___s me", "en_short": "whenever — he/she (that same one) → me", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun (den samme) ___er mig", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun (den samme) → mig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2sg (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4SG_2SG:3a479608674f", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2sg (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamisit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangamisit", "natural": "whenever he/she (himself/herself) sees you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she (that same one) ___s you", "en_short": "whenever — he/she (that same one) → you", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun (den samme) ___er dig", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun (den samme) → dig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3sg (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4SG_3SG:73d153244eab", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3sg (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamiuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangamiuk", "natural": "whenever he/she (himself/herself) sees him/her/it (a third party)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she (that same one) ___s him/her/it", "en_short": "whenever — he/she (that same one) → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun (den samme) ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun (den samme) → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1pl (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4SG_1PL:bcacecfd9ade", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1pl (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamisigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangamisigut", "natural": "whenever he/she (himself/herself) sees us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she (that same one) ___s us", "en_short": "whenever — he/she (that same one) → us", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun (den samme) ___er os", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun (den samme) → os", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2pl (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4SG_2PL:ed9f42fbeb40", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2pl (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamisi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangamisi", "natural": "whenever he/she (himself/herself) sees you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she (that same one) ___s you all", "en_short": "whenever — he/she (that same one) → you all", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun (den samme) ___er jer", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun (den samme) → jer", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3pl (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4SG_3PL:42b2c21b5b37", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3pl (whenever he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamigit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangamigit", "natural": "whenever he/she (himself/herself) sees them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever he/she (that same one) ___s them", "en_short": "whenever — he/she (that same one) → them", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang han/hun (den samme) ___er dem", "da_short": "hver gang — han/hun (den samme) → dem", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (whenever we V you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG:68e3e7195d3d", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (whenever we V you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatsigit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatsigit", "natural": "whenever we see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever we ___ you", "en_short": "whenever — we → you", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang vi ___er dig", "da_short": "hver gang — vi → dig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (whenever we V him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1PL_3SG:548c50d8b1f8", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (whenever we V him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatsigu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatsigu", "natural": "whenever we see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever we ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "whenever — we → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang vi ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hver gang — vi → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4sg (whenever we V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1PL_4SG:91796a6e4a99", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4sg (whenever we V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatsinni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatsinni", "natural": "whenever we see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever we ___ himself/herself", "en_short": "whenever — we → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang vi ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — vi → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (whenever we V you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1PL_2PL:7ecfc49b5b09", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (whenever we V you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangassi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangassi", "natural": "whenever we see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever we ___ you all", "en_short": "whenever — we → you all", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang vi ___er jer", "da_short": "hver gang — vi → jer", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (whenever we V them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1PL_3PL:5dee43442a44", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (whenever we V them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatsigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatsigik", "natural": "whenever we see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever we ___ them", "en_short": "whenever — we → them", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang vi ___er dem", "da_short": "hver gang — vi → dem", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_1PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4pl (whenever we V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_1PL_4PL:d635bd1bdbe9", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4pl (whenever we V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_1PL_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatsik", "natural": "whenever we see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_1PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever we ___ themselves", "en_short": "whenever — we → themselves", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang vi ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — vi → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (whenever you [pl.] V me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2PL_1SG:ce78b083a02a", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (whenever you [pl.] V me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangassinga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangassinga", "natural": "whenever you (pl.) see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you all ___ me", "en_short": "whenever — you all → me", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang I ___er mig", "da_short": "hver gang — I → mig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (whenever you [pl.] V him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2PL_3SG:9ec3b95ba39e", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (whenever you [pl.] V him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangassiuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangassiuk", "natural": "whenever you (pl.) see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you all ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "whenever — you all → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang I ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hver gang — I → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4sg (whenever you [pl.] V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2PL_4SG:e4931b385644", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4sg (whenever you [pl.] V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangassinni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangassinni", "natural": "whenever you (pl.) see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you all ___ himself/herself", "en_short": "whenever — you all → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang I ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — I → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (whenever you [pl.] V us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2PL_1PL:8c1ad563ec4f", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (whenever you [pl.] V us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatsigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatsigut", "natural": "whenever you (pl.) see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you all ___ us", "en_short": "whenever — you all → us", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang I ___er os", "da_short": "hver gang — I → os", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (whenever you [pl.] V them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2PL_3PL:05daa879b47b", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (whenever you [pl.] V them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangassigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangassigik", "natural": "whenever you (pl.) see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you all ___ them", "en_short": "whenever — you all → them", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang I ___er dem", "da_short": "hver gang — I → dem", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_2PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4pl (whenever you [pl.] V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_2PL_4PL:5648a77a5287", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4pl (whenever you [pl.] V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_2PL_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_1PL_4PL's own '-gaangatsik' above -- 1pl/2pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatsik", "natural": "whenever you (pl.) see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_2PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever you all ___ themselves", "en_short": "whenever — you all → themselves", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang I ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — I → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg (whenever they V me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG:347a466fd695", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg (whenever they V me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangannga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangannga", "natural": "whenever they see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they ___ me", "en_short": "whenever — they → me", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de ___er mig", "da_short": "hver gang — de → mig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg (whenever they V you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3PL_2SG:ced5c1bc6e1b", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg (whenever they V you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatsit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatsit", "natural": "whenever they see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they ___ you", "en_short": "whenever — they → you", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de ___er dig", "da_short": "hver gang — de → dig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg (whenever they V him/her/it [disjoint reference] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3PL_3SG:6051c82c9304", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg (whenever they V him/her/it [disjoint reference] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangassuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Irregular fused form, not naive {gaaŋa}{at}{gu} concatenation -- the same memorized 3pl-subject/3sg-object exception Definition 14.3 (AITWG:§14.5) documents for the bare combination {at}{gu} => accuk, cf. V_CAU_TR's own analogous 3pl/3sg cell '(m)massuk' (Causative, same irregular pattern, structurally identical mood per AITWG:§14.6 Table 3's own caption)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangassuk", "natural": "whenever they see him/her/it (another)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "whenever — they → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hver gang — de → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4sg (whenever they V him/her/it [reflexive/coreferential object] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3PL_4SG:3b503f330428", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4sg (whenever they V him/her/it [reflexive/coreferential object] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaanganni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_3SG_4SG's own '-gaangani' would be expected but is NOT identical -- this cell geminates to '-gaanganni' (double /n/) where the 3sg-subject cell has single /n/ ('-gaangani'), matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly; a genuine 3sg/3pl-subject minimal pair, not a syncretism." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaanganni", "natural": "whenever they see him/her/it (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they ___ himself/herself", "en_short": "whenever — they → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — de → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl (whenever they V us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3PL_1PL:afc339d73ec5", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl (whenever they V us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_3SG_1PL's own '-gaangatigut' above -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatigut", "natural": "whenever they see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they ___ us", "en_short": "whenever — they → us", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de ___er os", "da_short": "hver gang — de → os", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl (whenever they V you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3PL_2PL:1b3dc7acd657", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl (whenever they V you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_3SG_2PL's own '-gaangasi' above -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangasi", "natural": "whenever they see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they ___ you all", "en_short": "whenever — they → you all", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de ___er jer", "da_short": "hver gang — de → jer", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl (whenever they V them [disjoint reference] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3PL_3PL:a005a8c6731c", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl (whenever they V them [disjoint reference] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatigik", "natural": "whenever they see them (others)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they ___ them", "en_short": "whenever — they → them", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de ___er dem", "da_short": "hver gang — de → dem", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_3PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4pl (whenever they V them [reflexive/coreferential object] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_3PL_4PL:f40cdadb5a5b", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4pl (whenever they V them [reflexive/coreferential object] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_3PL_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangatik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_ITER_TR_3SG_4PL's own '-gaangatik' above -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangatik", "natural": "whenever they see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_3PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they ___ themselves", "en_short": "whenever — they → themselves", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hver gang — de → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1sg (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4PL_1SG:c45304536f6b", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1sg (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V me -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangaminnga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangaminnga", "natural": "whenever they (themselves) see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they (those same ones) ___ me", "en_short": "whenever — they (those same ones) → me", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de (de samme) ___er mig", "da_short": "hver gang — de (de samme) → mig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2sg (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4PL_2SG:1ea081238cdd", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2sg (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamitsit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangamitsit", "natural": "whenever they (themselves) see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they (those same ones) ___ you", "en_short": "whenever — they (those same ones) → you", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de (de samme) ___er dig", "da_short": "hver gang — de (de samme) → dig", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3sg (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4PL_3SG:9e71b0da06c2", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3sg (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V him/her/it -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamikku", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangamikku", "natural": "whenever they (themselves) see him/her/it (a third party)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they (those same ones) ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "whenever — they (those same ones) → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de (de samme) ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hver gang — de (de samme) → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1pl (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4PL_1PL:0228d92a9676", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1pl (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V us -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamisigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangamisigut", "natural": "whenever they (themselves) see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they (those same ones) ___ us", "en_short": "whenever — they (those same ones) → us", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de (de samme) ___er os", "da_short": "hver gang — de (de samme) → os", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2pl (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4PL_2PL:83dcb73ef226", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2pl (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you [pl.] -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamisi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangamisi", "natural": "whenever they (themselves) see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they (those same ones) ___ you all", "en_short": "whenever — they (those same ones) → you all", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de (de samme) ___er jer", "da_short": "hver gang — de (de samme) → jer", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_ITER_TR_4PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_ITER_TR", "mood": "iterative", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "recurrent_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3pl (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_ITER_TR_4PL_3PL:50f01b9f1fde", "items": [ { "text": "iterative transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3pl (whenever they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V them -- main verb takes the habitual affix V{ðaq}V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_ITER_TR_4PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "iterative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gaangamikkik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugaangamikkik", "natural": "whenever they (themselves) see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_ITER_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "AITWG:§11.5" ], "id": "V_ITER_TR_4PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "whenever they (those same ones) ___ them", "en_short": "whenever — they (those same ones) → them", "en_mood_label": "whenever", "da": "hver gang de (de samme) ___er dem", "da_short": "hver gang — de (de samme) → dem", "da_mood_label": "hver gang", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_INTR_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_INTR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional intransitive, 1st person singular (if/when I V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_INTR_1SG:e3bca97fda60", "items": [ { "text": "conditional intransitive, 1st person singular (if/when I V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 1.sg, column conditional", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 1.sg, column conditional", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-guma", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {gu}{ma} => -guma (AITWG:§14.5, Figure 14.5); matches Appendix B.2's 'guma' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "neriguma", "natural": "if/when I eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_COND_INTR_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when I ___", "en_short": "if/when — I", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når jeg ___er", "da_short": "hvis/når — jeg", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_INTR_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_INTR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional intransitive, 2nd person singular (if/when you V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_INTR_2SG:f78e6062ea9e", "items": [ { "text": "conditional intransitive, 2nd person singular (if/when you V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 2.sg, column conditional", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 2.sg, column conditional", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-guit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Figure 14.5's pre-sandhi {gu}{vət} loses the marker-internal /v/, because it stands between /u/ and schwa (realizing as /i/) -- exactly the environment of the voiced-fricative spelling rule (per AITWG ch.5's Definition 5.4: a single [v] between [u] and either [a] or [i] is not written), giving -guit. Contrast causative/iterative 2.sg -gavit/-gaangavit, where the marker-internal /v/ sits between /a/ and schwa and so is retained.", "Matches Appendix B.2's 'guit' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "neriguit", "natural": "if/when you eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_COND_INTR_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you ___", "en_short": "if/when — you", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når du ___er", "da_short": "hvis/når — du", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_INTR_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_INTR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional intransitive, 3rd person singular (if/when he/she/it V-s)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_INTR_3SG:f24bd91d84d1", "items": [ { "text": "conditional intransitive, 3rd person singular (if/when he/she/it V-s)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 3.sg, column conditional", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 3.sg, column conditional", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5", "Oqaatsit1997:ataasinngorpat#e2196", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataasinngorpat#e2157", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 24", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 29" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-pat" }, "underlying_form": "-ppat", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Conditional uses the special 3rd-person mood marker {(p)p} rather than {gu} (AITWG:§14.5, Figure 14.5 and its surrounding prose); this entry's default form is the geminated '-ppat' shown in Figure 14.5/Appendix B.2 -- see the pedagogy note below for an attested consonant-stem example showing a different, non-geminated realization (same caution as V_CAU_INTR_3SG's parallel '(m)mat' cell).", "Matches Appendix B.2's '(p)pat' cell exactly.", "Modern rows corroborate coming/next Monday in the existing AITWG example. The verbal stem ataasinngoq is distinct from the Monday noun ataasinngorneq; do not attach this verbal ending directly to that noun or derive general weakening from lexical word rows. Construction metadata remains unreviewed." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ataasinngorpat", "natural": "next Monday (lit. if/when it becomes one)" } ], "note": "AITWG:§11.5's own worked example (days-of-the-week paragraph), on the stem underlying 'ataasinngoq'. The attested surface shows a single, non-geminated /p/ after the stem's final /q/ ('-ngorpat', not this entry's default vowel-stem-table form '-ngoqppat'/'-ngoppat') -- the same stem-specific weakening pattern flagged on V_CAU_INTR_3SG's parallel 'ataasinngormat'; not re-derived as a general rule here, only the attested form is cited." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.5", "Oqaatsit1997:ataasinngorpat#e2196", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataasinngorpat#e2157", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 24", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 29" ], "id": "V_COND_INTR_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she/it ___s", "en_short": "if/when — he/she/it", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun/den ___er", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun/den", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_INTR_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_INTR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional intransitive, 4th person singular (if/when he/she/it -- himself/herself/itself, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V-s)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_INTR_4SG:3ba10b9c53ec", "items": [ { "text": "conditional intransitive, 4th person singular (if/when he/she/it -- himself/herself/itself, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V-s)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 4.sg, column conditional", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 4.sg, column conditional", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.3" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-guni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {gu}{ni} => -guni; the conditional irregularly uses /n/ rather than /m/ in its 4th-person markers ({ni}/{nək} instead of the usual {mi}/{mək} used by causative/iterative), a fact AITWG's own prose flags as unexplained ('for unknown reasons', AITWG:§14.5, Figure 14.5's caption).", "Matches Appendix B.2's 'guni' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aalakooruni", "natural": "if/when he (himself) gets drunk" } ], "note": "AITWG:§11.3's own worked example, from 'aalakooruni Piitap qimmini aallaassavaa' ('if/when Peter gets drunk, he will shoot his dog') -- the 4.sg conditional ending is required because the drunk person and the main clause's subject (Peter) are the same referent. The attested surface form shows the marker's initial /g/ absent after this particular stem ('aalakooruni', not '*aalakoorguni'), the same stem-specific weakening pattern flagged on V_CAU_INTR_4SG's parallel 'aalakoorami'; not re-derived as a general rule here." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§11.3" ], "id": "V_COND_INTR_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she (that same one) ___s", "en_short": "if/when — he/she (that same one)", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun (den samme) ___er", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun (den samme)", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_INTR_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_INTR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional intransitive, 1st person plural (if/when we V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_INTR_1PL:310c58b50975", "items": [ { "text": "conditional intransitive, 1st person plural (if/when we V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 1.pl, column conditional", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 1.pl, column conditional", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gutta", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Figure 14.5's pre-sandhi {gu}{mtə} cluster /mt/ reduces to -tt- by the general consonant rule (same pattern as causative 1.pl -gatta); matches Appendix B.2's 'gutta' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigutta", "natural": "if/when we eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_COND_INTR_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when we ___", "en_short": "if/when — we", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når vi ___er", "da_short": "hvis/når — vi", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_INTR_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_INTR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional intransitive, 2nd person plural (if/when you [pl.] V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_INTR_2PL:0c0f7c37e727", "items": [ { "text": "conditional intransitive, 2nd person plural (if/when you [pl.] V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 2.pl, column conditional", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 2.pl, column conditional", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gussi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Figure 14.5's pre-sandhi {gu}{vsi} cluster /vs/ reduces to -ss- by the general consonant rule (same pattern as causative 2.pl -gassi); matches Appendix B.2's 'gussi' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigussi", "natural": "if/when you (pl.) eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_COND_INTR_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you all ___", "en_short": "if/when — you all", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når I ___er", "da_short": "hvis/når — I", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_INTR_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_INTR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional intransitive, 3rd person plural (if/when they V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_INTR_3PL:c4bc4f923407", "items": [ { "text": "conditional intransitive, 3rd person plural (if/when they V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 3.pl, column conditional", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 3.pl, column conditional", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 24", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 29" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-pata" }, "underlying_form": "-ppata", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {(p)p}{atə} => -ppata, the plural counterpart of the special 3rd-person marker {(p)p} (AITWG:§14.5, Figure 14.5); matches Appendix B.2's '(p)pata' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerippata", "natural": "if/when they eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 24", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 29" ], "id": "V_COND_INTR_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they ___", "en_short": "if/when — they", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de ___er", "da_short": "hvis/når — de", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_INTR_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_INTR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional intransitive, 4th person plural (if/when they -- themselves, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_INTR_4PL:214d0d5c4b71", "items": [ { "text": "conditional intransitive, 4th person plural (if/when they -- themselves, coreferential with the main-clause subject -- V)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_INTR_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#Figure 11.2: row 4.pl, column conditional", "local-AITWG-paradigm:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.2-Figure 11.2: row 4.pl, column conditional", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Realizes {gu}{nək} => -gunik, schwa resolving to /i/ word-finally (same {mək}=>-mik pattern as causative 4.pl -gamik, but with the conditional's irregular /n/ per the note on V_COND_INTR_4SG); matches Appendix B.2's 'gunik' cell exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerigunik", "natural": "if/when they (themselves) eat" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of {neri}V with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.2", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_COND_INTR_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they (those same ones) ___", "en_short": "if/when — they (those same ones)", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de (de samme) ___er", "da_short": "hvis/når — de (de samme)", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (if/when I V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG:98197e52084f", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (if/when I V you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gukkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_1SG_3PL's own '-gukkit' below -- 2sg/3pl-object syncretism within this subject row, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly (same pattern already documented for Causative/Iterative's own row-1sg cells)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugukkit", "natural": "if/when I see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when I ___ you", "en_short": "if/when — I → you", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når jeg ___er dig", "da_short": "hvis/når — jeg → dig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (if/when I V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1SG_3SG:1925c6767459", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (if/when I V him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gukku", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_2SG_3SG's own '-gukku' below -- 1sg/2sg-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugukku", "natural": "if/when I see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when I ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "if/when — I → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når jeg ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hvis/når — jeg → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4sg (if/when I V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1SG_4SG:45444623936f", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4sg (if/when I V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_2SG_4SG's own '-gunni' below -- 1sg/2sg-subject syncretism on this object column, same pattern as V_COND_TR_1SG_3SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugunni", "natural": "if/when I see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when I ___ himself/herself", "en_short": "if/when — I → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når jeg ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — jeg → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (if/when I V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1SG_2PL:410f2487def3", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (if/when I V you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gussi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugussi", "natural": "if/when I see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when I ___ you all", "en_short": "if/when — I → you all", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når jeg ___er jer", "da_short": "hvis/når — jeg → jer", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (if/when I V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1SG_3PL:0161032d2bf0", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (if/when I V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gukkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG's own '-gukkit' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugukkit", "natural": "if/when I see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when I ___ them", "en_short": "if/when — I → them", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når jeg ___er dem", "da_short": "hvis/når — jeg → dem", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4pl (if/when I V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1SG_4PL:a8155990c432", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 4pl (if/when I V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1SG_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.sg, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gutsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_2SG_4PL's own '-gutsik' below -- 1sg/2sg-subject syncretism on this object column, same pattern as V_COND_TR_1SG_3SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugutsik", "natural": "if/when I see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when I ___ themselves", "en_short": "if/when — I → themselves", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når jeg ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — jeg → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (if/when you V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2SG_1SG:42805c8b954e", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (if/when you V me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gumma", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugumma", "natural": "if/when you see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you ___ me", "en_short": "if/when — you → me", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når du ___er mig", "da_short": "hvis/når — du → mig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (if/when you V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2SG_3SG:8a5e4f708d05", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (if/when you V him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gukku", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_1SG_3SG's own '-gukku' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugukku", "natural": "if/when you see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "if/when — you → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når du ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hvis/når — du → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4sg (if/when you V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2SG_4SG:89df2f007d44", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4sg (if/when you V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_1SG_4SG's own '-gunni' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugunni", "natural": "if/when you see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you ___ himself/herself", "en_short": "if/when — you → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når du ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — du → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (if/when you V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2SG_1PL:3a16517c4ff6", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (if/when you V us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gutsigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugutsigut", "natural": "if/when you see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you ___ us", "en_short": "if/when — you → us", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når du ___er os", "da_short": "hvis/når — du → os", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (if/when you V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2SG_3PL:701226e43c41", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (if/when you V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gukkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG/V_COND_TR_1SG_3PL's own '-gukkit' above -- see V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugukkit", "natural": "if/when you see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you ___ them", "en_short": "if/when — you → them", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når du ___er dem", "da_short": "hvis/når — du → dem", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4pl (if/when you V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2SG_4PL:b3476061d68c", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 4pl (if/when you V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2SG_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.sg, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gutsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_1SG_4PL's own '-gutsik' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugutsik", "natural": "if/when you see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you ___ themselves", "en_short": "if/when — you → themselves", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når du ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — du → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg (if/when he/she/it V-s me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG:ab6a59a9a917", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg (if/when he/she/it V-s me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-panga" }, "underlying_form": "-ppanga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Default geminated '-pp-' form of the special 3rd-person mood marker {(p)p} -- see this section's own header comment and V_COND_INTR_3SG's parallel note on the intransitive '-ppat' cell for the general caution about consonant-stem degemination." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppanga", "natural": "if/when he/she/it sees me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she/it ___s me", "en_short": "if/when — he/she/it → me", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun/den ___er mig", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun/den → mig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg (if/when he/she/it V-s you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3SG_2SG:d9ed948876b9", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg (if/when he/she/it V-s you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-patit" }, "underlying_form": "-ppatit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppatit", "natural": "if/when he/she/it sees you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she/it ___s you", "en_short": "if/when — he/she/it → you", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun/den ___er dig", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun/den → dig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg (if/when he/she/it V-s him/her/it [disjoint reference])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3SG_3SG:0d2911901e5e", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg (if/when he/she/it V-s him/her/it [disjoint reference])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ppagu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Plain {gu} object marker, not POSS-style -- see this section's own header comment. Note the mood marker itself is still the special {(p)p} form even before a plain object marker." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppagu", "natural": "if/when he/she/it sees him/her/it (another)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she/it ___s him/her/it", "en_short": "if/when — he/she/it → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun/den ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun/den → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3SG_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4sg (if/when he/she/it V-s himself/herself)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3SG_4SG:47e57fb457e7", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4sg (if/when he/she/it V-s himself/herself)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ppani", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppani", "natural": "if/when he/she/it sees himself/herself" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3SG_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she/it ___s himself/herself", "en_short": "if/when — he/she/it → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun/den ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun/den → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl (if/when he/she/it V-s us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3SG_1PL:767a3178bd85", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl (if/when he/she/it V-s us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-patigut" }, "underlying_form": "-ppatigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_3PL_1PL's own '-ppatigut' below -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppatigut", "natural": "if/when he/she/it sees us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she/it ___s us", "en_short": "if/when — he/she/it → us", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun/den ___er os", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun/den → os", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl (if/when he/she/it V-s you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3SG_2PL:a308ba5501de", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl (if/when he/she/it V-s you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-pasi" }, "underlying_form": "-ppasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_3PL_2PL's own '-ppasi' below -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppasi", "natural": "if/when he/she/it sees you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she/it ___s you all", "en_short": "if/when — he/she/it → you all", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun/den ___er jer", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun/den → jer", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl (if/when he/she/it V-s them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3SG_3PL:4c31983521c9", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl (if/when he/she/it V-s them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ppagit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Plain {gət}-derived object marker, not POSS-style -- see V_COND_TR_3SG_3SG's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppagit", "natural": "if/when he/she/it sees them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she/it ___s them", "en_short": "if/when — he/she/it → them", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun/den ___er dem", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun/den → dem", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3SG_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4pl (if/when he/she/it V-s them [reflexive/coreferential object])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3SG_4PL:1997db97ddf0", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 4pl (if/when he/she/it V-s them [reflexive/coreferential object])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3SG_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.sg, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ppatik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_3PL_4PL's own '-ppatik' below -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppatik", "natural": "if/when he/she/it sees them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3SG_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she/it ___s themselves", "en_short": "if/when — he/she/it → themselves", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun/den ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun/den → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1sg (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4SG_1SG:7c96bde0593f", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1sg (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-guninga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuguninga", "natural": "if/when he/she (himself/herself) sees me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she (that same one) ___s me", "en_short": "if/when — he/she (that same one) → me", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun (den samme) ___er mig", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun (den samme) → mig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2sg (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4SG_2SG:6831395e9c12", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2sg (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunisit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugunisit", "natural": "if/when he/she (himself/herself) sees you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she (that same one) ___s you", "en_short": "if/when — he/she (that same one) → you", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun (den samme) ___er dig", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun (den samme) → dig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3sg (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4SG_3SG:e3d5cd719bb3", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3sg (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-guniuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuguniuk", "natural": "if/when he/she (himself/herself) sees him/her/it (a third party)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she (that same one) ___s him/her/it", "en_short": "if/when — he/she (that same one) → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun (den samme) ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun (den samme) → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1pl (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4SG_1PL:0ec97f74f5fc", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 1pl (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunisigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugunisigut", "natural": "if/when he/she (himself/herself) sees us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she (that same one) ___s us", "en_short": "if/when — he/she (that same one) → us", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun (den samme) ___er os", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun (den samme) → os", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2pl (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4SG_2PL:346d5895b4be", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 2pl (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunisi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugunisi", "natural": "if/when he/she (himself/herself) sees you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she (that same one) ___s you all", "en_short": "if/when — he/she (that same one) → you all", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun (den samme) ___er jer", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun (den samme) → jer", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3pl (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4SG_3PL:da93ea19bd58", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4sg acts on object 3pl (if/when he/she [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V-s them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_4SG_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=4.sg, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.4.6", "Bjornum2012:K3§3", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 11", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 47" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunigit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Editorial emendation of AITWG:§B.5's printed 'gamigit' at this conditional 4sg-subject/3pl-object cell: the main conditional paradigm in AITWG:§14.6, Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.4.6, and Bjornum2012:K3§3 / K8§1 independently support '-gunigit'. Appendix B remains transcribed as printed; see docs/investigations/source-coverage/2026-10-19-conditional-4sg-3pl-emendation.md." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugunigit", "natural": "if/when he/she (himself/herself) sees them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3SG_1SG, using the emended conditional cell; Appendix B's conflicting printed form is documented in the source-coverage disposition." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.4.6", "Bjornum2012:K3§3", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 11", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 47" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when he/she (that same one) ___s them", "en_short": "if/when — he/she (that same one) → them", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når han/hun (den samme) ___er dem", "da_short": "hvis/når — han/hun (den samme) → dem", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (if/when we V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG:77803440d86b", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (if/when we V you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gutsigit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "FIDELITY FLAG, preserved verbatim: AITWG:§14.6 Table 4's own [^t4] footnote flags the pre-sandhi form of this exact cell ('gumtəgit', not the pattern-expected 'gumtəgət') as a genuine source-level oddity -- every other analogous row/column position across Tables 1-4 (Causative {gamtəgət}, Iterative {gaaŋamtəgət}) has object-marker {gət} here, but the source consistently prints {gət}'s /ə/ replaced by /i/ at this one cell. The fully-sandhied form here, '-gutsigit', reflects that same irregular /i/ (contrast the regular -tsigut/-tsigit alternation seen elsewhere in this grid). Not silently corrected -- transcribed as printed in both AITWG:§14.6 and AITWG:§B.5." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugutsigit", "natural": "if/when we see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending, using the source's printed (unemended) form." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when we ___ you", "en_short": "if/when — we → you", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når vi ___er dig", "da_short": "hvis/når — vi → dig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (if/when we V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1PL_3SG:301c00ef4abb", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (if/when we V him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gutsigu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugutsigu", "natural": "if/when we see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when we ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "if/when — we → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når vi ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hvis/når — vi → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4sg (if/when we V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1PL_4SG:c1422dde5deb", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4sg (if/when we V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gutsinni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugutsinni", "natural": "if/when we see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when we ___ himself/herself", "en_short": "if/when — we → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når vi ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — vi → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (if/when we V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1PL_2PL:3e48e88c3bcf", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (if/when we V you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_2PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_2PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=2.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gussi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugussi", "natural": "if/when we see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when we ___ you all", "en_short": "if/when — we → you all", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når vi ___er jer", "da_short": "hvis/når — vi → jer", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (if/when we V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1PL_3PL:7f6c5ca02b83", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (if/when we V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gutsigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugutsigik", "natural": "if/when we see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when we ___ them", "en_short": "if/when — we → them", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når vi ___er dem", "da_short": "hvis/når — vi → dem", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_1PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4pl (if/when we V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_1PL_4PL:bccf3beb49a5", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 4pl (if/when we V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_1PL_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=1.pl, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gutsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_2PL_4PL's own '-gutsik' below -- 1pl/2pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugutsik", "natural": "if/when we see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_1PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when we ___ themselves", "en_short": "if/when — we → themselves", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når vi ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — vi → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (if/when you [pl.] V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2PL_1SG:45fcd5391719", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (if/when you [pl.] V me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gussinga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugussinga", "natural": "if/when you (pl.) see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you all ___ me", "en_short": "if/when — you all → me", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når I ___er mig", "da_short": "hvis/når — I → mig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (if/when you [pl.] V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2PL_3SG:9179c6f9b878", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (if/when you [pl.] V him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_3SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_3SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=3.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gussiuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugussiuk", "natural": "if/when you (pl.) see him/her/it" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you all ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "if/when — you all → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når I ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hvis/når — I → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4sg (if/when you [pl.] V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2PL_4SG:4cd92a50256d", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4sg (if/when you [pl.] V him/her/it [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_4SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_4SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=4.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gussinni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugussinni", "natural": "if/when you (pl.) see him/her/it (himself/herself)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you all ___ himself/herself", "en_short": "if/when — you all → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når I ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — I → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (if/when you [pl.] V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2PL_1PL:b962d97dbb25", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (if/when you [pl.] V us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_1PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_1PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=1.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gutsigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugutsigut", "natural": "if/when you (pl.) see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you all ___ us", "en_short": "if/when — you all → us", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når I ___er os", "da_short": "hvis/når — I → os", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (if/when you [pl.] V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2PL_3PL:4bea9399395a", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (if/when you [pl.] V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_3PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_3PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=3.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gussigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugussigik", "natural": "if/when you (pl.) see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you all ___ them", "en_short": "if/when — you all → them", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når I ___er dem", "da_short": "hvis/når — I → dem", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_2PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4pl (if/when you [pl.] V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_2PL_4PL:abb100129d73", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 4pl (if/when you [pl.] V them [coreferential with the main-clause subject])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_4PL.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_2PL_4PL.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=2.pl, object-column=4.pl", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gutsik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_1PL_4PL's own '-gutsik' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugutsik", "natural": "if/when you (pl.) see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_2PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when you all ___ themselves", "en_short": "if/when — you all → themselves", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når I ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — I → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg (if/when they V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG:f1a463955651", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg (if/when they V me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=1.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-pannga" }, "underlying_form": "-ppannga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppannga", "natural": "if/when they see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they ___ me", "en_short": "if/when — they → me", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de ___er mig", "da_short": "hvis/når — de → mig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg (if/when they V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-501-750.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3PL_2SG:36835faaf75f", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg (if/when they V you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire gloss", "rationale": "The comma-separated grammatical labels, argument features, example clause, and any parenthetical usage/coreference notes jointly describe this ending. Keep the authored wording together; punctuation does not establish independent translations.", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3PL_2SG.lexical_facts.meaning", "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#V_COND_TR_3PL_2SG.construction-and-inflection", "local-AITWG-exact-row:docs/aitwg2ed/B-graphemistic-endings.md#B.5-subject-row=3.pl, object-column=2.sg", "local-AITWG-discussion:docs/aitwg2ed/ch11-time.md#11.3", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ] } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-patsit" }, "underlying_form": "-ppatsit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppatsit", "natural": "if/when they see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they ___ you", "en_short": "if/when — they → you", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de ___er dig", "da_short": "hvis/når — de → dig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg (if/when they V him/her/it [disjoint reference])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3PL_3SG:b304bb1ebbf1", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg (if/when they V him/her/it [disjoint reference])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-passuk" }, "underlying_form": "-ppassuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Irregular fused form, not naive concatenation -- the same memorized 3pl-subject/3sg-object exception Definition 14.3 (AITWG:§14.5) documents for the bare combination {at}{gu} => accuk, cf. V_ITER_TR_3PL_3SG's own analogous cell '-gaangassuk' and V_CAU_TR's Causative parallel '(m)massuk' (all three moods share this structural exception)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppassuk", "natural": "if/when they see him/her/it (another)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "if/when — they → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hvis/når — de → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3PL_4SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4sg (if/when they V him/her/it [reflexive/coreferential object])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3PL_4SG:793f54be80c9", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4sg (if/when they V him/her/it [reflexive/coreferential object])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "sg", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-panni" }, "underlying_form": "-ppanni", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppanni", "natural": "if/when they see him/her/it (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3PL_4SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they ___ himself/herself", "en_short": "if/when — they → himself/herself", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — de → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl (if/when they V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3PL_1PL:5d09059e1fd9", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl (if/when they V us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-patigut" }, "underlying_form": "-ppatigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_3SG_1PL's own '-ppatigut' above -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppatigut", "natural": "if/when they see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they ___ us", "en_short": "if/when — they → us", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de ___er os", "da_short": "hvis/når — de → os", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl (if/when they V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3PL_2PL:182cce4072dd", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl (if/when they V you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-pasi" }, "underlying_form": "-ppasi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_3SG_2PL's own '-ppasi' above -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppasi", "natural": "if/when they see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they ___ you all", "en_short": "if/when — they → you all", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de ___er jer", "da_short": "hvis/når — de → jer", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl (if/when they V them [disjoint reference])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3PL_3PL:59541271fb9f", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl (if/when they V them [disjoint reference])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ppatigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppatigik", "natural": "if/when they see them (others)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they ___ them", "en_short": "if/when — they → them", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de ___er dem", "da_short": "hvis/når — de → dem", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_3PL_4PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4pl (if/when they V them [reflexive/coreferential object])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_3PL_4PL:db64833d9e7a", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 4pl (if/when they V them [reflexive/coreferential object])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" } }, "application_logic": { "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-patik" }, "underlying_form": "-ppatik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_COND_TR_3SG_4PL's own '-ppatik' above -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.5's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuppatik", "natural": "if/when they see them (themselves)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.5", "Bjornum2012:K3§5e Skema 26", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 30" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_3PL_4PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they ___ themselves", "en_short": "if/when — they → themselves", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de ___er sig selv", "da_short": "hvis/når — de → sig selv", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1sg (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V me)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4PL_1SG:5e56b9775326", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1sg (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V me)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-guninnga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuguninnga", "natural": "if/when they (themselves) see me" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they (those same ones) ___ me", "en_short": "if/when — they (those same ones) → me", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de (de samme) ___er mig", "da_short": "hvis/når — de (de samme) → mig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2sg (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4PL_2SG:f02c8260594b", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2sg (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunitsit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugunitsit", "natural": "if/when they (themselves) see you" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they (those same ones) ___ you", "en_short": "if/when — they (those same ones) → you", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de (de samme) ___er dig", "da_short": "hvis/når — de (de samme) → dig", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3sg (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V him/her/it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4PL_3SG:119b706ad67e", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3sg (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V him/her/it)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunikku", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugunikku", "natural": "if/when they (themselves) see him/her/it (a third party)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they (those same ones) ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "if/when — they (those same ones) → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de (de samme) ___er ham/hende/den", "da_short": "hvis/når — de (de samme) → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1pl (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V us)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4PL_1PL:9d43b4ffbf2d", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 1pl (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V us)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunisigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugunisigut", "natural": "if/when they (themselves) see us" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they (those same ones) ___ us", "en_short": "if/when — they (those same ones) → us", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de (de samme) ___er os", "da_short": "hvis/når — de (de samme) → os", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2pl (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you [pl.])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4PL_2PL:c98ef9572155", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 2pl (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V you [pl.])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunisi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugunisi", "natural": "if/when they (themselves) see you (pl.)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they (those same ones) ___ you all", "en_short": "if/when — they (those same ones) → you all", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de (de samme) ___er jer", "da_short": "hvis/når — de (de samme) → jer", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_COND_TR_4PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_COND_TR", "mood": "conditional", "clause_relation": [ "dependent", "condition_or_time" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4", "AITWG:§11.3" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3pl (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V them)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_COND_TR_4PL_3PL:45befde42a31", "items": [ { "text": "conditional transitive, subject 4pl acts on object 3pl (if/when they [coreferential with the main-clause subject] V them)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "conditional", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 4, "number": "pl", "coreference_condition": "main_clause_subject" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gunikkik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugunikkik", "natural": "if/when they (themselves) see them" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_COND_TR_3PL_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.5" ], "id": "V_COND_TR_4PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if/when they (those same ones) ___ them", "en_short": "if/when — they (those same ones) → them", "en_mood_label": "if/when", "da": "hvis/når de (de samme) ___er dem", "da_short": "hvis/når — de (de samme) → dem", "da_mood_label": "hvis/når", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_INTR_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_INTR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative intransitive, 2nd person singular (do you V? / dost thou V?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_INTR_2SG:028b7efb0520", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative intransitive, 2nd person singular (do you V? / dost thou V?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-it" }, "underlying_form": "-vit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aat" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Reduced mood: uses the reduced {t} marker for 2.sg (AITWG:§14.2), not the {tət} used elsewhere" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerivit?", "natural": "Do you eat?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_INTERR_INTR_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: you ___?", "en_short": "question — you", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: du ___er?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — du", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_INTR_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_INTR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative intransitive, 3rd person singular (does he/she/it V?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_INTR_3SG:ecc43b1f7e42", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative intransitive, 3rd person singular (does he/she/it V?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-a" }, "underlying_form": "-va", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aa" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Interrogative uses the special 3rd-person mood marker {va}, distinct from indicative's {vu} (AITWG:§14.1, Figure 14.1)" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "neriva?", "natural": "Does he/she eat?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_INTERR_INTR_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: he/she/it ___s?", "en_short": "question — he/she/it", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: han/hun/den ___er?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — han/hun/den", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_INTR_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_INTR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative intransitive, 2nd person plural (do you [pl.] V?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_INTR_2PL:79827093119b", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative intransitive, 2nd person plural (do you [pl.] V?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-isi" }, "underlying_form": "-visi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aasi" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerivisi?", "natural": "Do you (pl.) eat?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_INTERR_INTR_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: you all ___?", "en_short": "question — you all", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: I ___er?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — I", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_INTR_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_INTR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative intransitive, 3rd person plural (do they V?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_INTR_3PL:7e59b02f001d", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative intransitive, 3rd person plural (do they V?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a Skema 1", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 20" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ppat", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "uvular_final_stem": "-pat", "schwa_final_stem": "-aat" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Gemination: {va}{t} => -ppat as the default vowel-stem form (AITWG:§14.3), the same /v/-doubling process as indicative 3.pl -pput (cf. V_IND_INTR_3PL) Bjornum2012 K3§5a Skema 1 and K8 example 20 instead print a single p for the R-stem; the uvular_final_stem selector records that class-qualified onset." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sulippat?", "natural": "Do they work?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K3§5a Skema 1", "Bjornum2012:K8§1 example 20" ], "id": "V_INTERR_INTR_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: they ___?", "en_short": "question — they", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: de ___er?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — de", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_TR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (do you V it/him?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_TR_2SG_3SG:cd3d129dca0d", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (do you V it/him?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-iuk" }, "underlying_form": "-viuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aajuk" }, "person_marker_sandhi": "object_3sg_j_after_i", "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "The underlying g->j shift (Definition 14.1 rule 3, AITWG:§14.5) never surfaces in plain orthography -- Kalaallisut never writes j after i (AITWG:§14.7's own prose, quoted in this section's header comment above) -- so the plain form here is '-viuk', not '-vijuk'. It becomes visible only on a schwa-final stem, where the schwa surfaces as [aa] rather than [i] and the deletion rule no longer applies: AITWG:§B.6's own schwa table gives '-qaajuk' for this exact cell, independently corroborated by AITWG:§14.7's own separate worked example {nuannarə}V{vijuk} -> nuannaraajuk (a different schwa-final stem, same phenomenon)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuviuk?", "natural": "Do you see it / him?" }, { "surface": "nuannaraajuk", "natural": "Do you enjoy/like it? (AITWG:§14.7's own worked schwa-stem example, {nuannarə}V{vijuk} -- shows the ending's underlying j surfacing in writing, since it isn't preceded by [i] on this stem)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: you ___ him/her/it?", "en_short": "question — you → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: du ___er ham/hende/den?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — du → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_TR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (do you V me?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_TR_2SG_1SG:e7e0d01e1742", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (do you V me?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-inga" }, "underlying_form": "-vinga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aanga" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvinga?", "natural": "Do you see me?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: you ___ me?", "en_short": "question — you → me", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: du ___er mig?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — du → mig", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_TR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (do you V us?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_TR_2SG_1PL:cc26c8f831f4", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (do you V us?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-isigut" }, "underlying_form": "-visigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aasigut" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvisigut?", "natural": "Do you see us?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: you ___ us?", "en_short": "question — you → us", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: du ___er os?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — du → os", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_TR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (do you V them?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_TR_2SG_3PL:d69d9426bf0c", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (do you V them?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-igit" }, "underlying_form": "-vigit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aagit" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvigit?", "natural": "Do you see them?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_INTERR_TR_2SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: you ___ them?", "en_short": "question — you → them", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: du ___er dem?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — du → dem", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_TR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (do you [pl.] V me?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_TR_2PL_1SG:98aa0e4a8292", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (do you [pl.] V me?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-isinga" }, "underlying_form": "-visinga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aasinga" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvisinga?", "natural": "Do you (pl.) see me?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: you all ___ me?", "en_short": "question — you all → me", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: I ___er mig?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — I → mig", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_TR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (do you [pl.] V it/him?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_TR_2PL_3SG:7f179acd0b24", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (do you [pl.] V it/him?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-isiuk" }, "underlying_form": "-visiuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aasiuk" }, "person_marker_sandhi": "object_3sg_j_after_i", "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "The g->j shift here is triggered by the 2pl subject marker {si}'s own final /i/, not a schwa-stem (contrast V_INTERR_TR_2SG_3SG) -- but the same orthographic rule (AITWG:§14.7: j is never written after i) still hides it: AITWG:§B.3 gives the fully-sandhied form as 'visiuk', not 'visijuk'." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvisiuk?", "natural": "Do you (pl.) see it / him?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: you all ___ him/her/it?", "en_short": "question — you all → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: I ___er ham/hende/den?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — I → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_TR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (do you [pl.] V us?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_TR_2PL_1PL:5122e4bc14ec", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (do you [pl.] V us?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-isigut" }, "underlying_form": "-visigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aasigut" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvisigut?", "natural": "Do you (pl.) see us?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: you all ___ us?", "en_short": "question — you all → us", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: I ___er os?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — I → os", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_INTERR_TR", "mood": "interrogative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "interrogative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (do you [pl.] V them?)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_INTERR_TR_2PL_3PL:38999a4f90d6", "items": [ { "text": "interrogative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (do you [pl.] V them?)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "interrogative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "vowel_onset_allomorphs": { "u": "-isigik" }, "underlying_form": "-visigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-aasigik" }, "person_marker_sandhi": "object_3pl_dual_form_after_plural_subject", "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuvisigik?", "natural": "Do you (pl.) see them?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 Retskrivningsregel 3" ], "id": "V_INTERR_TR_2PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "question: you all ___ them?", "en_short": "question — you all → them", "en_mood_label": "question", "da": "spørgsmål: I ___er dem?", "da_short": "spørgsmål — I → dem", "da_mood_label": "spørgsmål", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_INTR_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_INTR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative intransitive, 1st person singular (let me V! / may I V!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_INTR_1SG:3e1a86567775", "items": [ { "text": "optative intransitive, 1st person singular (let me V! / may I V!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-langa", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Optative expressions are always addressed to thee/you; no 2nd-person combinations exist in this mood (AITWG:§14.3)" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iserlanga!", "natural": "Let me in!" } ], "note": "AITWG:§14.3's own worked example, from the q-stem {isəq}V, 'enter' (q+l -> r via the general q-drop pattern; not re-derived for other stem types here)." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_OPT_INTR_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let me ___", "en_short": "wish — I", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad mig ___", "da_short": "ønske — jeg", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_INTR_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_INTR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative intransitive, 3rd person singular (let him/her/it V!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_INTR_3SG:f1c6f477089d", "items": [ { "text": "optative intransitive, 3rd person singular (let him/her/it V!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-li", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Optative uses the special 3rd-person mood marker {li}, distinct from {la(q)} used for the other optative persons (AITWG:§14.1, Figure 14.1)" ] }, "pedagogy": { "note": "No AITWG worked example survives for this cell specifically (only 1.sg -langa and the imperative endings are illustrated in running prose); surface form -li is taken directly from Figure 14.4/Appendix B.2 rather than an attested sentence, so no pedagogy.examples entry is given here to avoid constructing an unattested vowel-stem+l-initial combination." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_OPT_INTR_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let him/her/it ___", "en_short": "wish — he/she/it", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad ham/hende/den ___", "da_short": "ønske — han/hun/den", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_INTR_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_INTR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative intransitive, 1st person plural, exclusive (let us [not you] V!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_INTR_1PL:3e11fa93d321", "items": [ { "text": "optative intransitive, 1st person plural, exclusive (let us [not you] V!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lata", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Exclusive 'us' (excludes the addressee), contrasting with the inclusive imperative 1.pl -ta; AITWG notes this ending 'may be uncommon nowadays', with imperative -ta often used instead (AITWG:§14.3)" ] }, "pedagogy": { "note": "No AITWG worked example survives for this cell specifically; surface form -lata is taken directly from Figure 14.4/Appendix B.2, so no pedagogy.examples entry is given here (same caution as V_OPT_INTR_3SG)." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_OPT_INTR_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let us ___", "en_short": "wish — we", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad os ___", "da_short": "ønske — vi", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_INTR_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_INTR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative intransitive, 3rd person plural (let them V!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_INTR_3PL:eea4db94fff3", "items": [ { "text": "optative intransitive, 3rd person plural (let them V!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "issue #413: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph '-llit' (default stays '-lit'). Bjornum2012's own K8§1 paradigm directly transcribes 'akillit' (double l), 'lad dem svare' -- confirmed against docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/8-bojningseksempler.md's own transcript, not a typo. This CONFLICTS with AITWG's own Figure 14.4 (docs/aitwg2ed/14-1-to-14-5-verbal-endings-setup.md), which prints a plain 'V(lit)' for this cell -- no '(l)' gemination marker, unlike the contemporative column of the adjacent Figure 14.3 table; this entry prioritizes the directly-attested, independently-transcribed Bjornum2012 worked example over AITWG's schematic table for the vowel-final case specifically, but the discrepancy itself is NOT resolved/explained by any source found -- flagged, not silently picked. Scoped as a KEYED allomorph, not a default-underlying_form change (an earlier pass in this same fix made that mistake for V_CONT_INTR_*'s own {(l)lu} marker and had to correct it -- see that family's own notes): pulaar (uvular_final_stem)'s own attested 'pulaarlit' (Bjornum2012 K8§1, same source) confirms the DEFAULT single-l '-lit' is correct for at least that other stem class, so gemination is not universal here either." ], "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-llit" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akillit", "natural": "let them answer! (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form; see application_logic.notes for the AITWG Figure 14.4 discrepancy this form resolves in favor of Bjornum2012)" } ], "note": "No AITWG worked example survives for this cell specifically; AITWG's own schematic surface form is 'lit' (Figure 14.4/Appendix B.2), but see application_logic.notes for why this entry now instead follows Bjornum2012's directly attested 'akillit'." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_OPT_INTR_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let them ___", "en_short": "wish — they", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad dem ___", "da_short": "ønske — de", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (let me V you!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG:c6f662a96771", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2sg (let me V you!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lakkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulakkit", "natural": "let me see you!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let me ___ you", "en_short": "wish — I → you", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad mig ___ dig", "da_short": "ønske — jeg → dig", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_1SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (let me V him/her/it!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_1SG_3SG:b9db17695f05", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3sg (let me V him/her/it!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lara", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulara", "natural": "let me see him/her/it!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_1SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let me ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "wish — I → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad mig ___ ham/hende/den", "da_short": "ønske — jeg → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_1SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (let me V you [pl.]!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_1SG_2PL:268888a86407", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 2pl (let me V you [pl.]!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lassi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_OPT_TR_1PL_2PL's own '-lassi' below -- 1sg/1pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.3's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulassi", "natural": "let me see you (pl.)!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_1SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let me ___ you all", "en_short": "wish — I → you all", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad mig ___ jer", "da_short": "ønske — jeg → jer", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_1SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (let me V them!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_1SG_3PL:16c7371afbbd", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 1sg acts on object 3pl (let me V them!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lakka", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulakka", "natural": "let me see them!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_1SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let me ___ them", "en_short": "wish — I → them", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad mig ___ dem", "da_short": "ønske — jeg → dem", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg (let him/her/it V me!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3SG_1SG:fbb1c2f24891", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1sg (let him/her/it V me!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-linga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "3sg subject uses the reduced marker {∅} rather than the usual {a} (Table 7's own caption, cf. Figure 14.2's 'reduced markers... for 2.sg and 3.sg')." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulinga", "natural": "let him/her/it see me!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let him/her/it ___ me", "en_short": "wish — he/she/it → me", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad ham/hende/den ___ mig", "da_short": "ønske — han/hun/den → mig", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3SG_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg (let him/her/it V you!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3SG_2SG:fdfeaf53dd93", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2sg (let him/her/it V you!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lisit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulisit", "natural": "let him/her/it see you!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3SG_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let him/her/it ___ you", "en_short": "wish — he/she/it → you", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad ham/hende/den ___ dig", "da_short": "ønske — han/hun/den → dig", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg (let him/her/it V him/her/it [disjoint reference]!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3SG_3SG:0ff5326a7d67", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3sg (let him/her/it V him/her/it [disjoint reference]!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-liuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "The underlying g->j shift (Definition 14.1 rule 3, AITWG:§14.5) is present here in principle (pre-sandhi {lijuk}, AITWG:§14.6 Table 7) but never surfaces in plain orthography -- Kalaallisut never writes j after i (AITWG:§14.7) -- same phenomenon already grounded via V_INTERR_TR_2SG_3SG's schwa-stem worked example; not re-grounded here since that value is already sufficiently sourced." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuliuk", "natural": "let him/her/it see him/her/it (another)!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let him/her/it ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "wish — he/she/it → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad ham/hende/den ___ ham/hende/den", "da_short": "ønske — han/hun/den → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl (let him/her/it V us!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3SG_1PL:1e3019d40e99", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 1pl (let him/her/it V us!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lisigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulisigut", "natural": "let him/her/it see us!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let him/her/it ___ us", "en_short": "wish — he/she/it → us", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad ham/hende/den ___ os", "da_short": "ønske — han/hun/den → os", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3SG_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl (let him/her/it V you [pl.]!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3SG_2PL:12808d926016", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 2pl (let him/her/it V you [pl.]!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lisi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_OPT_TR_3PL_2PL's own '-lisi' below -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.3's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulisi", "natural": "let him/her/it see you (pl.)!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3SG_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let him/her/it ___ you all", "en_short": "wish — he/she/it → you all", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad ham/hende/den ___ jer", "da_short": "ønske — han/hun/den → jer", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl (let him/her/it V them!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3SG_3PL:e2c56325ae2c", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3sg acts on object 3pl (let him/her/it V them!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ligit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuligit", "natural": "let him/her/it see them!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1SG_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let him/her/it ___ them", "en_short": "wish — he/she/it → them", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad ham/hende/den ___ dem", "da_short": "ønske — han/hun/den → dem", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (let us V you!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG:fd59322f3fc7", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2sg (let us V you!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-latsigit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulatsigit", "natural": "let us see you!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let us ___ you", "en_short": "wish — we → you", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad os ___ dig", "da_short": "ønske — vi → dig", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_1PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (let us V him/her/it!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_1PL_3SG:218662d7434e", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (let us V him/her/it!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-larput", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Optative half of a dual-stacked cell in AITWG:§B.3 ([^b3_dual]) -- this same 1pl-subject/3sg-object position also has an Imperative reading, 'tigu' ('-tigu'), authored separately as V_IMP_TR_1PL_3SG (Phase E). The two forms are NOT variants of each other; they belong to different moods that happen to share this one subject/object cell.", "Pre-sandhi 'laqvut' (AITWG:§14.6 Table 7) surfaces as 'larput' via the same qv->rp sandhi already seen on V_IND_TR_1PL_3SG's own '-varput'." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takularput", "natural": "let us see him/her/it!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_1PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let us ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "wish — we → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad os ___ ham/hende/den", "da_short": "ønske — vi → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_1PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (let us V you [pl.]!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_1PL_2PL:591c84383882", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 2pl (let us V you [pl.]!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lassi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_OPT_TR_1SG_2PL's own '-lassi' above -- 1sg/1pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.3's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulassi", "natural": "let us see you (pl.)!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_1PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let us ___ you all", "en_short": "wish — we → you all", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad os ___ jer", "da_short": "ønske — vi → jer", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_1PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (let us V them!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_1PL_3PL:01e98f6f7bc2", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (let us V them!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lavut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Optative half of a dual-stacked cell in AITWG:§B.3 ([^b3_dual]) -- see V_OPT_TR_1PL_3SG's own note. The Imperative half, 'tigik' ('-tigik'), is authored separately as V_IMP_TR_1PL_3PL (Phase E)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulavut", "natural": "let us see them!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_1PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let us ___ them", "en_short": "wish — we → them", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad os ___ dem", "da_short": "ønske — vi → dem", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg (let them V me!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3PL_1SG:de2be0490054", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1sg (let them V me!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-linnga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "3pl subject uses the reduced marker {t} rather than the usual {at} (Table 7's own caption, extending Figure 14.2's 'reduced markers' statement -- see V_OPT_TR_3SG_1SG's parallel note on the 3sg reduced marker {∅})." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulinnga", "natural": "let them see me!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let them ___ me", "en_short": "wish — they → me", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad dem ___ mig", "da_short": "ønske — de → mig", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3PL_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg (let them V you!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3PL_2SG:6fb612868963", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2sg (let them V you!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-litsit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "AITWG:§14.6 Table 7's own side-note on this exact cell (pre-sandhi {t}{tət}='littət'): pronounced *litsit*, explicitly contrasted with V_OPT_TR_3SG_2SG's own {∅}{tət}='lisət' -> *lisit*, with the caution that the two must NOT collapse into an identical *lissit*. AITWG:§B.3 itself prints this cell as 'li(t)sit', the parenthetical (t) marking the same distinguishing consonant; 'litsit' (with the /t/ retained) is used here as the citation form to keep this cell orthographically distinct from V_OPT_TR_3SG_2SG's '-lisit'." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulitsit", "natural": "let them see you!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3PL_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let them ___ you", "en_short": "wish — they → you", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad dem ___ dig", "da_short": "ønske — de → dig", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg (let them V him/her/it [disjoint reference]!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3PL_3SG:e6a31cf7c5b7", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3sg (let them V him/her/it [disjoint reference]!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lissuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Irregular fused form, not naive concatenation -- the same memorized 3pl-subject/3sg-object exception Definition 14.3 (AITWG:§14.5) documents for the bare combination {at}{gu} => accuk, cf. V_ITER_TR_3PL_3SG/V_COND_TR_3PL_3SG's own analogous cells ('-gaangassuk'/'-ppassuk') and Causative's '(m)massuk'." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulissuk", "natural": "let them see him/her/it (another)!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.5", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let them ___ him/her/it", "en_short": "wish — they → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad dem ___ ham/hende/den", "da_short": "ønske — de → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl (let them V us!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3PL_1PL:d8d910c63c2e", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 1pl (let them V us!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lisigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_OPT_TR_3SG_1PL's own '-lisigut' above -- 3sg/3pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.3's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulisigut", "natural": "let them see us!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let them ___ us", "en_short": "wish — they → us", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad dem ___ os", "da_short": "ønske — de → os", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3PL_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl (let them V you [pl.]!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3PL_2PL:bee9c89fc770", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 2pl (let them V you [pl.]!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lisi", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_OPT_TR_3SG_2PL's own '-lisi' above -- see that entry's note." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulisi", "natural": "let them see you (pl.)!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3PL_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let them ___ you all", "en_short": "wish — they → you all", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad dem ___ jer", "da_short": "ønske — de → jer", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_OPT_TR_3PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_OPT_TR", "mood": "optative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl (let them V them [disjoint reference]!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_OPT_TR_3PL_3PL:5d05ae9482fa", "items": [ { "text": "optative transitive, subject 3pl acts on object 3pl (let them V them [disjoint reference]!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "optative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-lisigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takulisigik", "natural": "let them see them (others)!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_OPT_TR_1PL_2SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_OPT_TR_3PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wish: let them ___ them", "en_short": "wish — they → them", "en_mood_label": "wish", "da": "ønske: lad dem ___ dem", "da_short": "ønske — de → dem", "da_mood_label": "ønske", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_INTR_2SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_INTR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative intransitive, 2nd person singular (V! -- command to one person)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_INTR_2SG:77ca8a7dd3bd", "items": [ { "text": "imperative intransitive, 2nd person singular (V! -- command to one person)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-git", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-iit" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Truncative, except on q-stems where it fuses normally with /q/ instead (AITWG:§14.3, Aside 14.1)" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "unigit!", "natural": "Stop! (to one person)" }, { "surface": "iserit!", "natural": "Come in! (to one person)" } ], "note": "Aside 14.1 (AITWG:§14.3) records an alternate, more polite ending -na for this cell, used especially with the near-future affix V{gi}V (e.g. sinilluarina! 'good night!', vs. plain sinilluarit!); -na is not modelled as a separate entry per issue [#93](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/93)'s scope, only flagged here as the alternate form." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "AITWG:§B.6" ], "id": "V_IMP_INTR_2SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___! (said to you)", "en_short": "command — you", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___! (sagt til dig)", "da_short": "befaling — du", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_INTR_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_INTR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative intransitive, 1st person plural, inclusive (let us [together] V!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_INTR_1PL:169c5a716165", "items": [ { "text": "imperative intransitive, 1st person plural, inclusive (let us [together] V!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ta", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Inclusive 'us' (includes the addressee), contrasting with the exclusive optative 1.pl V_OPT_INTR_1PL; regularly -ta => -sa after /i/ by the t-to-s rule, though some speakers now generalise this to -ta on any vowel (AITWG:§14.3)", "issue #413: added a vowel_final_stem allomorph '-sa' to actually ENFORCE the t-to-s rule the note above only described in prose -- aki_v (vowel_final_stem, true final /i/) + this ending is cited attested 'akisa' (Bjornum2012 K8§1), not the naive '-ta' this entry's default text would give. Deliberately imprecise: AITWG's own rule is conditioned on a TRUE /i/ specifically (explicitly NOT any vowel-final stem, e.g. AITWG:§14.7's schwa-stem digression: 'the final vowel is not a true /i/, and therefore never will cause assibilation'), but this repo's stem_type enum has no finer-grained 'last vowel is /i/' distinction than the coarse vowel_final_stem (covers -a/-i/-u alike, Nielsen2012:§4.3.2) -- keying the allomorph on vowel_final_stem will wrongly fire '-sa' on a future a-/u-final verb stem too. Flagged rather than silently over-scoped; aki_v is this repo's only vowel_final_stem verb stem today, so no such conflict exists yet." ], "allomorphs": { "vowel_final_stem": "-sa" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iserta!", "natural": "Let us (together) enter!" }, { "surface": "akisa!", "natural": "Let us (together) answer! (Bjornum2012's own attested K8§1 paradigm form, vowel_final_stem allomorph)" } ], "note": "AITWG:§14.3's own worked example, from {isəq}V, 'enter'; the t-to-s rule does not apply here because the preceding sound is /r/ (from q-drop), not /i/." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_IMP_INTR_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___! (said to us)", "en_short": "command — we", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___! (sagt til os)", "da_short": "befaling — vi", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_INTR_2PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_INTR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative intransitive, 2nd person plural (V! -- command to more than one person)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_INTR_2PL:1f432fd5c716", "items": [ { "text": "imperative intransitive, 2nd person plural (V! -- command to more than one person)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "intransitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gitsi", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Truncative, except on q-stems where it fuses normally with /q/ instead (AITWG:§14.3, Aside 14.1); V_IMP_INTR_2SG's own {git} marker plus the 2.pl {si} marker, with the final /t/ of V_IMP_INTR_2SG's {git} not assimilated, so the final graphemic form is -gitsi" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iseritsi!", "natural": "Come in! (to more than one person)" } ], "note": "Aside 14.1 (AITWG:§14.3) records an alternate, more polite ending -si (without the duplicated {git} marker) for this cell, used especially with the near-future affix V{gi}V (e.g. sinilluarisi! 'good night! [to more than one]', vs. plain sinilluaritsi!); -si is not modelled as a separate entry per issue [#93](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/93)'s scope, only flagged here as the alternate form." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.3", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.2" ], "id": "V_IMP_INTR_2PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___! (said to you all)", "en_short": "command — you all", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___! (sagt til jer)", "da_short": "befaling — I", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (V me!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG:c1ef6e83b2c5", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (V me!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-nnga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Source-flagged irregularity, preserved verbatim ([^t9a] in AITWG:§14.6 Table 9): the regular pattern (subject {k} + object {ma}, Definition 14.1 rule 1) would predict a form like *-kma, but the attested imperative form is this cell's own irregular 'nnga' instead -- surfacing from pre-sandhi {k}{ŋa} via /kŋ/ assimilating to /ŋŋ/, spelled 'nng' per ordinary Kalaallisut orthography. Not silently corrected." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takunnga", "natural": "See me!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ me! (said to you)", "en_short": "command — you → me", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ mig! (sagt til dig)", "da_short": "befaling — du → mig", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_2SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (V him/her/it!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_2SG_3SG:5c3e7552c3ec", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (V him/her/it!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "AITWG:§14.3", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-guk", "boundary_behavior": "truncating", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "allomorphs": { "schwa_final_stem": "-uuk" }, "notes": [ "AITWG:§B.6 uses V{-qə}V as an example carrier. Its quoted q-initial table shapes include that stem consonant; this allomorph stores only the ending contribution. Cell identity, remaining graphemes and source qualifications are unchanged, including potentially archaic imperative usage.", "Source-flagged irregularity, preserved verbatim ([^t9b] in AITWG:§14.6 Table 9): the regular pattern (subject {k} + object {gu}) would predict *-kgu, but the attested form is '-guk' instead.", "issue #422 (Counterbot PIN soft-agreed): boundary_behavior corrected to truncating (was additive). MOFO V{-guk} (MOFO:endings/imperative/guk_v_2sg-3sg) states this ending is truncative except on q-stems where /qg/ regularly fuse to /r/ -- the same conditioned truncativity already authored on the parallel intransitive V_IMP_INTR_2SG (AITWG:§14.3, Aside 14.1). Independently corroborated by Bjornum2012:K8§1 surfaces naalaguk (naalak, velar_final_stem: stem-final /k/ deletes), pulaaruk (pulaaq, uvular_final_stem: /qg/→/r/), and akiguk (aki_v, vowel_final_stem). No SER, no stem_type allomorphs, no lexical_overrides -- the single global truncating join plus the engine's existing q-stem g-fusion (same path as V_IMP_INTR_2SG) covers all three cited surfaces. underlying_form stays '-guk'; schwa_final_stem allomorph '-quuk' unchanged (AITWG:§14.7/§B.6)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuguk", "natural": "See him/her/it!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.3", "AITWG:§B.6", "AITWG:§14.3", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_2SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ him/her/it! (said to you)", "en_short": "command — you → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ ham/hende/den! (sagt til dig)", "da_short": "befaling — du → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_2SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (V us!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_2SG_1PL:46991ad4bc62", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (V us!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Source-flagged irregularity, preserved verbatim ([^t9c] in AITWG:§14.6 Table 9): the 2sg subject marker {k} does not surface before the 1pl object marker {təgut} here -- the source's own side-annotation reads '{k} has been dropped'." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takutigut", "natural": "See us!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_2SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ us! (said to you)", "en_short": "command — you → us", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ os! (sagt til dig)", "da_short": "befaling — du → os", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_2SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (V them!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_2SG_3PL:6bf6a5545afe", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive, subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (V them!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-kkit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takukkit", "natural": "See them!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_2SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ them! (said to you)", "en_short": "command — you → them", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ dem! (sagt til dig)", "da_short": "befaling — du → dem", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_1PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (let's V him/her/it!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_1PL_3SG:c72ab6a40be8", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3sg (let's V him/her/it!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tigu", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Imperative half of a dual-stacked cell in AITWG:§B.3 ([^b3_dual]) -- this same 1pl-subject/3sg-object position also has an Optative reading, '-larput', authored separately as V_OPT_TR_1PL_3SG (Phase D). The two forms are NOT variants of each other; they belong to different moods that happen to share this one subject/object cell. Only 3sg/3pl objects are valid for a 1pl-subject plain imperative (AITWG:§14.6 Table 9's own row).", "FLAGGED GAP (issue #423(A), Counterbot PIN soft-agreed): the former three-way inconsistency (naalattigu-wrong / naalatsigu-attested / akigitu-attested) collapses once the worked-example typo akigitu→akitigu is corrected -- aki_v (vowel_final_stem) + additive '-tigu' regularly builds akitigu, matching the corrected attestation and the parallel akitigit / akitigut cells in the same Bjornum2012:K8§1 paradigm. Catalog keeps underlying_form '-tigu' and boundary_behavior additive; do NOT add a velar_final_stem '-tsigu' allomorph or lexical_overrides. Remaining gap is productive tt→ts before /i/ (naalak + this ending assimilates to naive naalattigu, then needs tt→ts/_i → attested naalatsigu), which is an engine-side sound rule (Nielsen2012:§2.5.7–8; AITWG:§3.6 Definition 3.6 t-rule), tracked as #423(B) / oq-api -- not a catalog cell fix." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takutigu", "natural": "Let's see him/her/it!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_1PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ him/her/it! (said to us)", "en_short": "command — we → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ ham/hende/den! (sagt til os)", "da_short": "befaling — vi → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_1PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (let's V them!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_1PL_3PL:6114e6c13a95", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive, subject 1pl acts on object 3pl (let's V them!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Imperative half of a dual-stacked cell in AITWG:§B.3 ([^b3_dual]) -- see V_IMP_TR_1PL_3SG's own note. The Optative half, '-lavut', is V_OPT_TR_1PL_3PL (Phase D)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takutigik", "natural": "Let's see them!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_1PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ them! (said to us)", "en_short": "command — we → them", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ dem! (sagt til os)", "da_short": "befaling — vi → dem", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_2PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (V me! [to more than one person])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_2PL_1SG:cac5c3607273", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (V me! [to more than one person])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-singa", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takusinga", "natural": "See me! (to more than one person)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_2PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ me! (said to you all)", "en_short": "command — you all → me", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ mig! (sagt til jer)", "da_short": "befaling — I → mig", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_2PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (V him/her/it! [to more than one person])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_2PL_3SG:9899c5c6ed9f", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (V him/her/it! [to more than one person])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-siuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takusiuk", "natural": "See him/her/it! (to more than one person)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_2PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ him/her/it! (said to you all)", "en_short": "command — you all → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ ham/hende/den! (sagt til jer)", "da_short": "befaling — I → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_2PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (V us! [to more than one person])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_2PL_1PL:000fd2c5841f", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (V us! [to more than one person])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-tigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Identical surface form to V_IMP_TR_2SG_1PL's own '-tigut' above -- 2sg/2pl-subject syncretism on this object column, matching AITWG:§B.3's table exactly." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takutigut", "natural": "See us! (to more than one person)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_2PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ us! (said to you all)", "en_short": "command — you all → us", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ os! (sagt til jer)", "da_short": "befaling — I → os", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_2PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (V them! [to more than one person])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_2PL_3PL:c08bf295ec78", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive, subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (V them! [to more than one person])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-sigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takusigik", "natural": "See them! (to more than one person)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.3" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_2PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ them! (said to you all)", "en_short": "command — you all → them", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ dem! (sagt til jer)", "da_short": "befaling — I → dem", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (V me [in a moment]!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1SG:cf62b2e90039", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2sg acts on object 1sg (V me [in a moment]!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-ginga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Near-future affix {gi} pushes the command a little into the future (AITWG:§B.9's own framing); contrast the plain imperative's own V_IMP_TR_2SG_1SG '-nnga'." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuginga", "natural": "See me (in a moment)!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation of the taku- 'see' stem with the cited ending; not an independently attested AITWG worked example for this specific cell." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ me! (said to you)", "en_short": "command — you → me", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ mig! (sagt til dig)", "da_short": "befaling — du → mig", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (V him/her/it [in a moment]!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_3SG:2eb655ad1192", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2sg acts on object 3sg (V him/her/it [in a moment]!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-giuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Pre-sandhi combined marker is {gijuk} (AITWG:§14.6 Table 9); the g->j shift (Definition 14.1 rule 3) never surfaces in plain orthography -- j is never written after i (AITWG:§14.7) -- same phenomenon already grounded via V_INTERR_TR_2SG_3SG's schwa-stem worked example, not re-grounded here." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugiuk", "natural": "See him/her/it (in a moment)!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.7", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ him/her/it! (said to you)", "en_short": "command — you → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ ham/hende/den! (sagt til dig)", "da_short": "befaling — du → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (V us [in a moment]!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1PL:d65ba8d1624d", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2sg acts on object 1pl (V us [in a moment]!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Source-flagged irregularity, preserved verbatim ([^t9d] in AITWG:§14.6 Table 9): mood {gi} + subject {∅} + object {təgut} would regularly give *-gitəgut, but the attested form drops the object marker's own /tə/, giving '-gigut' -- the source's own side-annotation reads '{tə} has been dropped'. Not silently corrected." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugigut", "natural": "See us (in a moment)!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ us! (said to you)", "en_short": "command — you → us", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ os! (sagt til dig)", "da_short": "befaling — du → os", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (V them [in a moment]!)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_3PL:12763e55664a", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2sg acts on object 3pl (V them [in a moment]!)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "sg" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gigit", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugigit", "natural": "See them (in a moment)!" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ them! (said to you)", "en_short": "command — you → them", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ dem! (sagt til dig)", "da_short": "befaling — du → dem", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_1SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (V me [in a moment]! [to more than one person])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_1SG:9af281f3975a", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2pl acts on object 1sg (V me [in a moment]! [to more than one person])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gisinga", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugisinga", "natural": "See me (in a moment)! (to more than one person)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_1SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ me! (said to you all)", "en_short": "command — you all → me", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ mig! (sagt til jer)", "da_short": "befaling — I → mig", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_3SG": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (V him/her/it [in a moment]! [to more than one person])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_3SG:6f505ffc4076", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2pl acts on object 3sg (V him/her/it [in a moment]! [to more than one person])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "sg" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gisiuk", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugisiuk", "natural": "See him/her/it (in a moment)! (to more than one person)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_3SG", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ him/her/it! (said to you all)", "en_short": "command — you all → him/her/it", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ ham/hende/den! (sagt til jer)", "da_short": "befaling — I → ham/hende/den", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_1PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (V us [in a moment]! [to more than one person])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_1PL:46d70fb95fa6", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2pl acts on object 1pl (V us [in a moment]! [to more than one person])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 1, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gisigut", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "notes": [ "Unlike V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1PL's own irregular '-gigut', this 2pl-subject cell keeps the object marker's /tə/ ('-sigut', from {si}+{təgut}) -- the [^t9d] dropped-/tə/ irregularity is specific to the 2sg-subject cell, not general to the near-future group." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugisigut", "natural": "See us (in a moment)! (to more than one person)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_1PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ us! (said to you all)", "en_short": "command — you all → us", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ os! (sagt til jer)", "da_short": "befaling — I → os", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_3PL": [ { "construction": { "id": "V_IMP_TR", "mood": "imperative", "clause_relation": [ "independent" ], "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§7.4" ] }, "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "inflectional_ending", "meaning": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (V them [in a moment]! [to more than one person])", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_3PL:d12d67cecf0d", "items": [ { "text": "imperative transitive (near-future), subject 2pl acts on object 3pl (V them [in a moment]! [to more than one person])", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "rationale": "The comma separates a grammatical category label (mood/valency) from the person-number argument description. Parentheses then give a single corresponding English example. These are one grammatical definition, not selectable lexical gloss alternatives; retain the authored text as one unit." } ] } }, "inflection": { "mood": "imperative", "transitivity": "transitive", "subject": { "person": 2, "number": "pl" }, "object": { "person": 3, "number": "pl" } }, "application_logic": { "underlying_form": "-gisigik", "boundary_behavior": "additive", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takugisigik", "natural": "See them (in a moment)! (to more than one person)" } ], "note": "Constructed by mechanical concatenation, same methodology as V_IMP_TR_GI_2SG_1SG." }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§14.6", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§B.9" ], "id": "V_IMP_TR_GI_2PL_3PL", "category": "verb_moods", "plain_gloss": { "en": "command: ___ them! (said to you all)", "en_short": "command — you all → them", "en_mood_label": "command", "da": "befaling: ___ dem! (sagt til jer)", "da_short": "befaling — I → dem", "da_mood_label": "befaling", "source": "generated" } } ], "aamma": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "and; also" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "aamma" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "and; also", "en_short": "and", "da": "og; også", "da_short": "og", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A free-standing coordinating particle meaning 'and'/'also'; the enclitic +lu (this repo's own ENCL_lu, kalaallisut_data/enclitics.yaml) carries a closely related coordinating sense but attaches onto the second coordinated word rather than standing free. Nielsen2012 independently lists aamma both as an example 'partikelrod' (particle-root) and as an instance of the conjunction subtype of the particle word class (two separate mentions in its own typology chapter); Bjornum2012 separately catalogues it among established particles in its word-class overview and its own adverb/conjunction chapter.", "examples": [ { "surface": "immaqalu aamma piffissaanerpa", "natural": "that was perhaps also the time (Nielsen2012's example; immaqa+lu 'maybe, and' + aamma 'also')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§1.1", "Nielsen2012:§1.2.2", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K2§3", "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Kleinschmidt1871:aamma#e632", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aamma#e1152", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aamma#e1152", "Oqaatsit1997:aamma#e161", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aamma#e161", "Katersat:lex_10981" ], "id": "aamma", "category": "particles" } ], "aammalu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "furthermore; again" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "aammalu", "notes": [ "Historically compositional (aamma 'also' + the coordinating enclitic +lu, this repo's own ENCL_lu), per MOFO's own Constituents analysis, but Nielsen2012 independently lists it alongside aamma itself as a worked example of a 'partikelrod' (particle-root) -- i.e. treated as its own lexicalised free-standing item there, not merely a live/productive combination -- which is why it is entered here as its own particle rather than left purely compositional." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "furthermore; again", "en_short": "furthermore", "da": "desuden; igen", "da_short": "desuden", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012 glosses this particle 'igen' ('again'), narrower than MOFO's own broader 'furthermore; do it again!'. Only a single independent attestation (the bare gloss, no worked sentence) was found in the sources checked." }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§1.2.2", "Katersat:lex_146020" ], "id": "aammalu", "category": "particles" } ], "aatsaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "not until (a specified time); only then; (also) just now" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "aatsaat" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "not until (a time); only then", "en_short": "not until (a specified time)", "da": "ikke før et bestemt tidspunkt; først da; (også) lige for nylig", "da_short": "først da", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks that a verbal action does not/did not happen until a specified time; the negative sense ('not until X') is carried by the particle itself, without a separate negation in the sentence. Bjornum2012 independently corroborates both the particle/adverb word-class membership and a matching worked example about a clock time.", "examples": [ { "surface": "unnuaqeqqanut aatsaat sinilerpugut", "natural": "we didn't fall asleep until midnight (Bjornum2012's example, lit. 'at midnight we only-then fell asleep')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Bjornum2012:K6§6", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:aatsaat#e149", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aatsaat#e304", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aatsaat#e304", "Oqaatsit1997:aatsaat#e347", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aatsaat#e347", "Katersat:lex_13799" ], "id": "aatsaat", "category": "particles" } ], "aluu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "hello; hi; hallo; goddag (greeting interjection)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "aluu", "notes": [ "Dictionary headword aluu! (Oqaatsit1997#e1139 hallo!/hej!/goddag!; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts#e1123 Hi! Hello!; Katersat lex_3104 aluu+Interj). Nielsen2012:§1.2.2 lists aluu 'hej' among derivable interjections and gives aluukkut / aluukkuut 'hej, alle sammen' via the group affix {÷kkut} (his §4.1.1.4 / §5.5.2.4 — this catalog's N_kkut_N, inherently plural 'N and companions / the N-group'). Nielsen2012:§6.1.6 repeats the same derivation for plural address on interjections.", "Misiliineq surface Haluukkut. is the group-greeting form with Danish-influenced H-prosthesis (hallo → aluu / Haluu). Prefer analysing Haluukkut = aluu + N_kkut_N rather than inventing a Prop stem Haluuk: Oqaasileriffik personal-name search has no Haluuk; no mirror lists Haluuk/Haluukkut as a name headword. Soft note — do not add a second host Haluu unless Counterbot requires an explicit orthographic alias.", "Do NOT gloss N_kkut_N as vialis 'via/through' here: vialis is the case ending N_VIA_SG (-kkut). Catalog N_kkut_N is the truncative group/family extender (pedagogy Kaalikkut); Nielsen uses that same group affix for aluukkut.", "Open engine question for Counterbot: can N_kkut_N attach to a particle/interjection host, or must aluukkut be lexicalised as its own particle? Nielsen treats it as live derivation; if the particle word-class gate blocks affixation, admit aluukkut as a second particle (out of minimal scope unless required)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hello", "en_short": "hello", "da": "hej", "da_short": "hej", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Greeting interjection. Singular-address aluu!; group-address aluukkut. Nielsen2012:§1.2.2 glosses aluukkut / aluukkuut as 'hej, alle sammen'. The H- of Haluukkut is not a different Danish in that source or in Oqaatsit (aluu is hallo!/hej!/goddag!); both surfaces use Nielsen's group wording (issue #807).", "examples": [ { "surface": "aluu", "natural": "hello! (Oqaatsit1997#e1139; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG#e1123)", "natural_da": "hej!" }, { "surface": "aluukkut", "natural": "hello, everyone! (Nielsen2012:§1.2.2 / §6.1.6; aluu + N_kkut_N)", "natural_da": "hej, alle sammen" }, { "surface": "Haluukkut", "natural": "hello, everyone! (Misiliineq opener; H-variant of aluukkut)", "natural_da": "hej, alle sammen" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§1.2.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.1.4", "Nielsen2012:§6.1.6", "Oqaatsit1997:aluu!#e1139", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aluu!#e1123", "Katersat:lex_3104", "Misiliineq empty reading Haluukkut (group greeting; Jan 2026-09-25) — not a personal name" ], "id": "aluu", "category": "particles" } ], "ilumut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "it is true; that's right" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "ilumut" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "it is true; that's right", "en_short": "it is true", "da": "det er sandt; det er rigtigt", "da_short": "det er sandt", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Assertive particle 'it is true / that's right'; with interrogative intonation/punctuation (ilumut?) 'is that true? / is that right?'. Core OQ wraps have-N clauses with the interrogative surface for 'is it true that you have …?'. Bjornum2012 catalogues it among particles/interjections (K5§5); Nielsen2012 cites ilumut! beside derived ilumoorpoq.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilumut", "natural": "it is true; that's right (Oqaatsit1997:ilumut#e4281; Oqaasileriffik ENG 'True!; That's for sure!')" }, { "surface": "ilumut?", "natural": "is that true?; is that right? (Oqaatsit1997:ilumut?#e4282; Oqaasileriffik ENG 'Is that right? Really?')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1", "Oqaatsit1997:ilumut#e4281", "Oqaatsit1997:ilumut?#e4282", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilumut#e4162", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ilumut#e4632", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ilumut#e4632", "Kleinschmidt1871:ilumut#e2264", "Katersat:lex_7942", "Katersat:lex_174700" ], "id": "ilumut", "category": "particles" } ], "ima": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "thus; so; like this (anchors or refers to a manner of action already/about to be described)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "ima", "notes": [ "Etymologically demonstrative-rooted (from the demonstrative root im-, per both MOFO's own form_and_usage note and Nielsen2012's independent analysis), and Nielsen2012's own four-way word-class typology (nominer/demonstrativer/verber/partikler, §1.1) places ima under 'demonstrativer' (as a demonstrative adverb, §4.2.3) rather than under 'partikler' -- a genuine cross-source classification difference, flagged rather than silently resolved. Bjornum2012, by contrast, lists ima directly within its own 'adverbier' chapter, which its own glossary explicitly treats as a subtype of the broader 'partikel' word class (see this repo's particle template's own header comment); MOFO also files this morpheme's page under its particle/ URL facet. Entered here under Bjornum2012's/MOFO's classification." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thus; so; like this", "en_short": "thus", "da": "sådan; på denne måde (peger på en måde at gøre noget på, som lige er blevet nævnt eller er ved at blive nævnt)", "da_short": "sådan", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Frequently paired with the bound existential/locative copula stem {ət}V (this repo's own ENCL_et_derivational entry) to give imaappoq, 'it is thus'; also used (alongside qanoq/taama) to anchor the comparative affix V{təgə}V, already documented elsewhere in this repo's data (kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, kalaallisut_data/affixes/verbal_modifiers.yaml).", "examples": [ { "surface": "ima oqarpoq", "natural": "he said thus; he said as follows (Bjornum2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.5", "Bjornum2012:K5§1", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.3", "Kleinschmidt1871:ima#e2275", "Rasmussen1893:ima#e566", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ima#e4673", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ima#e4673", "Oqaatsit1997:ima#e4314", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ima#e4194", "Katersat:lex_33757" ], "id": "ima", "category": "particles" } ], "imaluunniit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "or" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "imaluunniit", "notes": [ "Historically compositional (ima + the enclitic *{luunniit}, this repo's own ENCL_luunniit), per MOFO's own Constituents analysis, but Nielsen2012 independently and explicitly catalogues imaluunniit as its own conjunction/particle headword ('Konjunktioner er også en ordklasse af ganske begrænset omfang: aamma, også; imaluunniit, eller.', §1.1). Unlike kinaluunniit, imaluunniit does not itself inflect, and MOFO's own page raises no 'technically not a particle' caveat for it -- consistent with Nielsen2012 treating it as a genuine lexicalised particle rather than a live pronoun+enclitic combination." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "or", "da": "eller", "da_short": "eller", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "No full worked sentence is attested for this particle in the independent sources checked, only the bare gloss 'eller' ('or')." }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§1.1", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imaluunniit#e4219", "Katersat:lex_164241", "Oqaatsit1997:imaluunniit#e4339" ], "id": "imaluunniit", "category": "particles" } ], "immaqa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "maybe; perhaps (poses a statement, question, or exhortation as uncertain)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:immaqa:c6637e61e971", "items": [ { "text": "maybe", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "translation of the uncertain proposition", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/particles.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Bjornum2012:K3§4a", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.5.2", "SchultzLorentzen1926:immaqa#e4718", "SchultzLorentzen1927:immaqa#e4718", "Oqaatsit1997:immaqa#e4424", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immaqa#e4299", "Katersat:lex_33825" ], "rationale": "The dictionary sources support “maybe” alongside “perhaps”; this is a selectable translation equivalent.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "perhaps", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "translation of the uncertain proposition", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/particles.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Bjornum2012:K3§4a", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.5.2", "SchultzLorentzen1926:immaqa#e4718", "SchultzLorentzen1927:immaqa#e4718", "Oqaatsit1997:immaqa#e4424", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immaqa#e4299", "Katersat:lex_33825" ], "rationale": "The dictionary sources support “perhaps” alongside “maybe”; this is a selectable translation equivalent.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "poses a statement, question, or exhortation as uncertain", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "describes the pragmatic scope of the alternatives", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/particles.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Bjornum2012:K3§4a", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.5.2", "SchultzLorentzen1926:immaqa#e4718", "SchultzLorentzen1927:immaqa#e4718", "Oqaatsit1997:immaqa#e4424", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immaqa#e4299", "Katersat:lex_33825" ], "rationale": "The authored parenthetical describes how the particle marks uncertainty across statement, question, and exhortation; it is not another translation option." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "immaqa" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "maybe; perhaps", "en_short": "maybe", "da": "måske (gør et udsagn, spørgsmål eller en opfordring usikker)", "da_short": "måske", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Marks a statement, question, or exhortation as uncertain/speculative. When posing a question, the indicative mood is used with interrogative intonation rather than an interrogative ending -- Bjornum2012 independently corroborates this exact restriction with a matching worked example. Bjornum2012 also directly catalogues immaqa within the particle/adverb word class.", "examples": [ { "surface": "immaqa angerlarusupputit?", "natural": "maybe you want to go home? (Bjornum2012's example; intransitive indicative used despite being a question)" }, { "surface": "immaqalu aamma piffissaanerpa", "natural": "that was perhaps also the time (Nielsen2012's example; immaqa+lu 'maybe, and' + aamma 'also')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Bjornum2012:K3§4a", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.5.2", "SchultzLorentzen1926:immaqa#e4718", "SchultzLorentzen1927:immaqa#e4718", "Oqaatsit1997:immaqa#e4424", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immaqa#e4299", "Katersat:lex_33825" ], "id": "immaqa", "category": "particles" } ], "kisianni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "but; although" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "kisianni", "notes": [ "Also attested shortened to kisiat (MOFO's own New orthography field lists both). A free-standing synonym of the enclitic +li in its 'but' sense -- this repo's own ENCL_li_but (kalaallisut_data/enclitics.yaml) already cross-references kisianni by name as its free-particle alternative." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "but; although", "en_short": "but", "da": "men; selvom", "da_short": "men", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Bjornum2012 independently catalogues kisianni directly within the particle word class, in both its word-class overview and its own adverb/conjunction chapter, and supplies a matching worked example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Jensi pujortartarpoq, kisianni uanga pujortarneq ajorpunga", "natural": "Jens smokes, but I don't smoke (Bjornum2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K2§3", "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Bjornum2012:K4§5a", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kisianni#e9322", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kisianni#e9322", "Oqaatsit1997:kisianni#e6571", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kisianni#e6296", "Katersat:lex_506" ], "id": "kisianni", "category": "particles" } ], "sooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "why? (interrogative particle)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "suuq", "notes": [ "Surface sooq derives from underlying suuq via the regular /uu/ -> [oo] lowering before r/q that Bjornum2012's own phonology chapter documents with this exact word as its worked example (Bjornum2012:K1§1, 'uu ... åbent foran r/q ... sooq hvorfor').", "Flagged during MOFO-parity review as a possible collision with V_sooq_N (kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns.yaml's deverbal +sooq 'characteristically V' nominalizer) on pure surface-string similarity; confirmed a false positive. MOFO's own page notes the historical composition {su}V + V{ðuq}N (the pro-base 'what/who' plus the same participle-forming affix family as +sooq/+tooq), but is itself explicit that the whole has fully lexicalized into an uninflected particle ('despite its origin as a noun stem, it behaves as a particle; i.e. it is not inflected') -- cross-referenced here for background only, not as provenance for the meaning/classification below." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "why?", "da": "hvorfor?", "da_short": "hvorfor", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "One of five interrogative adverbs in Nielsen2012's own list (§6.7: qanoq, qanga, qaqugu, sooq, naak). Bjornum2012 groups it under 'adverbielle spørgeord' (adverbial question-words, Kap.5 §4) and states explicitly that -- unlike the interrogative pronouns -- these question words are particles.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Sooq?", "natural": "Why? (bare interrogative particle; Nielsen2012:§6.7)" }, { "surface": "sooq aallassavit?", "natural": "why are you leaving? (Bjornum2012:K5§4, example 8)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§6.7", "Bjornum2012:K5§4", "Bjornum2012:K1§1" ], "id": "sooq", "category": "particles" } ], "assut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "very; a lot; strongly, quickly; hurry up!", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:assut:8c011bb0df2f", "items": [ { "text": "very; a lot; strongly, quickly; hurry up!", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/particles.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:assut", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assut", "Kleinschmidt1871:assut#e96", "SchultzLorentzen1926:assut#e228", "SchultzLorentzen1927:assut#e228", "Katersat:lex_2347" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "assut" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Free-standing intensifying/degree particle." }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assut", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assut", "Kleinschmidt1871:assut#e96", "SchultzLorentzen1926:assut#e228", "SchultzLorentzen1927:assut#e228", "Katersat:lex_2347" ], "id": "assut", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "very; a lot; strongly, quickly; hurry up!", "en_short": "very", "source": "generated" } } ], "assungaatsiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "rather much; quite a lot" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "assungaatsiaq" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rather much; quite a lot", "en_short": "rather much", "da": "temmelig meget", "da_short": "temmelig meget", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Free-standing degree particle ('rather much'); lexicalized -- do not segment as assut + -ngaatsiaq.", "examples": [ { "surface": "assungaatsiaq", "natural": "rather much (SchultzLorentzen1926:assungaatsiaq#e230)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:assungaatsiaq#e230", "SchultzLorentzen1927:assungaatsiaq#e230", "Kleinschmidt1871:assorsuaq", "Katersat:lex_5271" ], "id": "assungaatsiaq", "category": "particles" } ], "maanna": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "now" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "maanna", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5 lists maanna *nu* and notes that maanna, maannakkut and massakkut can be used interchangeably in some uses; K9 table of lexicalised non-verbal glosses pairs maanna *nu* with maannaanngitsoq *ikke nu* (and likewise maannakkut / massakkut). Nielsen2012:§1.1 cites maanna *nu* as the worked example of a particle functioning as a time adverb. Distinct from the enclitic +maanna (Nielsen2012:§3 / ENCL family) — this entry is the free-standing particle." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "now", "da": "nu", "da_short": "nu", "en_short": "now", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Free-standing temporal particle 'now' (oqaaseeraq). Interchangeable with maannakkut / massakkut in some uses (Bjornum2012:K5§5). Not admitted here: maannakkut / massakkut (sibling surfaces; out of this PR's scope).", "examples": [ { "surface": "maanna", "natural": "now (Oqaatsit1997:maanna#e7151; Oqaasileriffik ENG oqaaseeraq 'now'; Bjornum2012:K5§5)" }, { "surface": "maanna angerlarsimassaaq", "natural": "he must be home now (Bjornum2012:K9 worked example; angerlarsimavoq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Bjornum2012:K9", "Nielsen2012:§1.1", "Oqaatsit1997:maanna#e7151", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:maanna#e6767", "Kleinschmidt1871:maanna#e4812", "SchultzLorentzen1926:maanna#e10017", "SchultzLorentzen1927:maanna#e10017", "Katersat:lex_13796" ], "id": "maanna", "category": "particles" } ], "qujanaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "thank you; thanks (interjection)" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "qujanaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary headword qujanaq! (Oqaatsit1997#e13542 tak!; Ordbogi1977#e7809 tak!; SchultzLorentzen1926#e7948 tak! / det var dejligt!; SchultzLorentzen1927#e7948 thank you; how lucky!; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts#e12765 Thank you; Thanks; Katersat lex_27520 qujanaq+Interj). Bjornum2012:K5§5 lists qujanaq *tak* among particles/adverbs; Nielsen2012:§1.1 / §5.5.3.1 / §6.1.6 treat qujanaq as a derivable interjection (*tak*).", "AITWG-Affixes (verbal extenders): V{naq}V used bare as exclamatory V{naq!} yields qujanaq! from {quja}V 'say thanks' — historically compositional, but the citation form is a sealed interjection/particle in every dictionary checked. Prefer this particle for the frozen thanks form; leave quja+V_naq for live compositional Deconstruct when wanted.", "Reciprocal thanks formula (dictionaries): Bugge1960:selv#e28267 *selv tak* — qujanaq illillu; Ordbogen2003:tak 1#e30669 / Ordbogen2003:måde#e20254 *tak i lige måde* — sg [qujanaq] illillu, pl [qujanaq] ilissilu. Host half is illit + ENCL_lu (ABS-shaped C-final → -llu), already exemplified on ENCL_lu.", "Misiliineq surface Qujanaq illinnguarlu (issue #820): prefer illit + N_nnguaq_N + ENCL_lu (affectionate 'and dear little you'; q-final -nnguaq + lu → -rlu). False friend: illeq 'sleeping platform / briks' + N_nnguaq_N + ABS + ENCL_lu must not win for this formula. Ranking via worked_examples gold / pedagogy notes only — no engine ranking code in this catalog PR.", "Counterbot PIN bar: new particle + reciprocal-formula claim (exact DA sketch Tak, og dig også / Tak, og dig søde TBD). Soft note — do not mint a second particle for illinnguarlu; keep it compositional on illit." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thank you!", "en_short": "thank you", "da": "tak!", "da_short": "tak", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Thanks interjection (oqaaseeraq). Citation form qujanaq!; reciprocal formula qujanaq illillu (sg) / qujanaq ilissilu (pl) = *tak i lige måde* (Bugge1960, Ordbogen2003). Affectionate Misiliineq variant qujanaq illinnguarlu = qujanaq + illit+N_nnguaq_N+ENCL_lu — not illeq (briks). Do not invent a Prop.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qujanaq", "natural": "thank you! (Oqaatsit1997:qujanaq!#e13542; Ordbogi1977:qujanaq!#e7809; Bjornum2012:K5§5)", "natural_da": "tak!" }, { "surface": "qujanaq illillu", "natural": "thank you; the same to you (sg) (Bugge1960:selv#e28267 selv tak; Ordbogen2003:tak 1#e30669 tak i lige måde — illit + ENCL_lu)", "natural_da": "tak i lige måde" }, { "surface": "qujanaq illinnguarlu", "natural": "thank you; and dear little you too (Misiliineq reciprocal; prefer illit + N_nnguaq_N + ENCL_lu — not illeq 'briks'; Counterbot PIN for exact DA)", "natural_da": "tak, og dig søde også" }, { "surface": "qujanaq ilissilu", "natural": "thank you; the same to you (pl) (Ordbogen2003:tak 1#e30669 — ilissi + ENCL_lu)", "natural_da": "tak i lige måde (flertal)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Nielsen2012:§1.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§6.1.6", "AITWG-Affixes:V{naq!} (qujanaq!)", "Oqaatsit1997:qujanaq!#e13542", "Ordbogi1977:qujanaq!#e7809", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qujanaq#e7948", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qujanaq#e7948", "Kleinschmidt1871:qujanaq#e3943", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qujanaq!#e12765", "Bugge1960:selv#e28267", "Ordbogen2003:tak 1#e30669", "Ordbogen2003:måde#e20254", "Katersat:lex_27520", "Misiliineq Qujanaq illinnguarlu (reciprocal thanks; Jan 2026-09-28) — prefer illit+N_nnguaq_N+ENCL_lu, not illeq" ], "id": "qujanaq", "category": "particles" } ], "aap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "yes" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "aap", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 describes aap as a polite affirmative usable in formal contexts. It contrasts colloquial suu; this is a source-specific register note, not an inferred allomorph." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "yes", "da": "ja", "en_short": "yes", "da_short": "ja", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aap", "natural": "yes" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aap#e194", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aap#e193", "Bjornum2012:K5§5" ], "id": "aap", "category": "particles" } ], "naagga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "no" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "naagga", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 describes naagga as a polite negative usable in formal contexts and contrasts colloquial naamik. The English dictionary additionally has a tentative reply gloss; no obligatory uncertainty is imposed on every use." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "no", "da": "nej", "en_short": "no", "da_short": "nej", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naagga", "natural": "no" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naagga#e7977", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naagga#e7558", "Bjornum2012:K5§5" ], "id": "naagga", "category": "particles" } ], "naamik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "no; no, there are none", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:naamik:6ae2f4fd4eb3", "items": [ { "text": "no", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/particles.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:naamik#e8129", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naamik#e7692", "Bjornum2012:K5§5" ], "rationale": "The cited entries attest a negative response." }, { "text": "no, there are none", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "elaborates the negative response", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/particles.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:naamik#e8129", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naamik#e7692", "Bjornum2012:K5§5" ], "rationale": "The review finds this a context-specific elaboration of “no”, not an independent choice." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "naamik", "notes": [ "The dictionaries give both a negative reply and absence denial. Bjornum2012 K5§5 distinguishes its everyday register from formal naagga; it is not the verbal negation affix V_nngit_Vb." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "no; no, there are none", "da": "nej; nej, der er ingen", "en_short": "no; no, there are none", "da_short": "nej; nej, der er ingen", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naamik", "natural": "no; no, there are none" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naamik#e8129", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naamik#e7692", "Bjornum2012:K5§5" ], "id": "naamik", "category": "particles" } ], "qanoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "how; what" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "qanoq", "notes": [ "The dictionary headword contains question punctuation, qanoq?. Underlying form omits that punctuation. Bjornum2012 K5§4 treats this as an interrogative particle rather than a nominal interrogative pronoun and also allows a nonquestion manner use. No nominal case paradigm is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "how; what", "en_short": "how; what", "da": "hvordan; hvad", "da_short": "hvordan; hvad", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qanoq?", "natural": "how; what" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.4", "Oqaatsit1997:qanoq?#e12515", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qanoq?#e11755", "Bjornum2012:K5§4" ], "id": "qanoq", "category": "particles" } ], "qaqugu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "when (in the future); sometime in the future" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "qaqugu", "notes": [ "The dictionary restricts interrogative qaqugu to future time. Bjornum2012 K5§4 additionally describes nonquestion future sometime use. Keep this temporal distinction from past-oriented qanga." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "when (in the future); sometime in the future", "en_short": "when (in the future); sometime in the future", "da": "hvornår (i fremtiden); engang i fremtiden", "da_short": "hvornår (i fremtiden); engang i fremtiden", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qaqugu?", "natural": "when (in the future); sometime in the future" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.4", "Oqaatsit1997:qaqugu#e12614", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaqugu#e11852", "Bjornum2012:K5§4" ], "id": "qaqugu", "category": "particles" } ], "qanga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "when (in the past); long ago; in the old days" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "qanga", "notes": [ "Two dictionary rows distinguish the past-time question from the nonquestion old-days sense. Bjornum2012 K5§4 confirms both. This entry does not collapse them with future-oriented qaqugu or assert the further exclamatory reading from a MOFO tag alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "when (in the past); long ago; in the old days", "en_short": "when (in the past); long ago; in the old days", "da": "hvornår (i fortiden); tidligere; i gamle dage", "da_short": "hvornår (i fortiden); tidligere; i gamle dage", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qanga?", "natural": "when (in the past); long ago; in the old days" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.4", "Oqaatsit1997:qanga#e12454", "Oqaatsit1997:qanga#e12455", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qanga#e11689", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qanga#e11690", "Bjornum2012:K5§4" ], "id": "qanga", "category": "particles" } ], "suli_particle": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "still; yet" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "suli", "notes": [ "A free particle, not the homographic verb stem suli (work) inside sulivoq. The dictionaries and Bjornum2012 K5§5 independently give the still/yet reading; do not conflate word classes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "still; yet", "en_short": "still; yet", "da": "endnu; stadig", "da_short": "endnu; stadig", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "suli", "natural": "still; yet" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:suli#e15597", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:suli#e14674", "Bjornum2012:K5§5" ], "id": "suli_particle", "category": "particles" } ], "taava": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "then; so; after that" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "taava", "notes": [ "Dictionary homographs are row-pinned: this temporal/discourse sense differs from spatial taava, there in the north. This entry cites only temporal/discourse rows; the spatial meaning is not included." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "then; so; after that", "en_short": "then; so; after that", "da": "så; derpå; derefter", "da_short": "så; derpå; derefter", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "taava", "natural": "then; so; after that" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:taava#e16074", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taava#e15074", "Bjornum2012:K5§5" ], "id": "taava", "category": "particles" } ], "ata_caution": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "caution; asking someone to be careful" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "ata", "notes": [ "Modern rows attest the free caution particle in ata orluniaqinak! Historical rows independently label ata an attention-calling interjection. This entry selects the modern caution reading; it is neither the -ata possessive ending nor the ata verb whose citation atavoq means exists. No productive ending analysis or universal imperative-strengthening rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "be careful!", "en_short": "caution", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ata orluniaqinak!", "natural": "be careful and do not fall again!" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ata#e2168", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ata#e2128", "Kleinschmidt1871:ata#e1246", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ata#e2374" ], "id": "ata_caution", "category": "particles" } ], "aasiit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "as usual; unsurpisingly" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "aasiit", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | aasiit | *nu igen; som sædvanlig; uanga-aasiit el. uangaasiit det er mig igen* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: aasiit nu igen som sædvanlig" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aasiit", "natural": "as usual; unsurpisingly (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasiit#e325", "Oqaatsit1997:aasiit#e325" ], "id": "aasiit", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "as usual; unsurpisingly", "en_short": "as usual", "source": "generated" } } ], "asuli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "for fun; without any real purpose" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "asuli", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | asuli | *for sjov* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: asuli for sjov til ingen nytte" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "asuli", "natural": "for fun; without any real purpose (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asuli#e2122", "Oqaatsit1997:asuli#e2161" ], "id": "asuli", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "for fun; without any real purpose", "en_short": "for fun", "source": "generated" } } ], "asulu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "in addition; moreover; furthermore" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "asulu", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | asulu | *oven i købet* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: asulu oven i købet" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "asulu", "natural": "in addition; moreover; furthermore (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asulu#e2127", "Oqaatsit1997:asulu#e2166" ], "id": "asulu", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in addition; moreover; furthermore", "en_short": "in addition", "source": "generated" } } ], "erniinnaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "in a moment" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "erniinnaq", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | erniinnaq | *snart; straks* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: erniinnaq snart straks" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "erniinnaq", "natural": "in a moment (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erniinnaq#e3089", "Oqaatsit1997:erniinnaq#e3189" ], "id": "erniinnaq", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "in a moment", "source": "generated" } } ], "ila-ila": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "indeed; you bet; absolutely" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "ila-ila", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | ila-ila | *ja i høj grad; ja det kan du tro* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: ila-ila ja i høj grad det kan du tro" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ila-ila", "natural": "indeed; you bet; absolutely (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ila-ila#e3654", "Oqaatsit1997:ila-ila#e3786" ], "id": "ila-ila", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "indeed; you bet; absolutely", "en_short": "indeed", "source": "generated" } } ], "imaallaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "luckily; fortunately" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "imaallaat", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | imaallaat | *så (heldigvis); seqinnerpoq, imaallaat anissaanga solen skinner, så kan jeg (heldigvis) gå ud* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: imaallaat til alt held" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imaallaat", "natural": "luckily; fortunately (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imaallaat#e4200", "Oqaatsit1997:imaallaat#e4322" ], "id": "imaallaat", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "luckily; fortunately", "en_short": "luckily", "source": "generated" } } ], "kiisa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "finally; at last" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "kiisa", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | kiisa | *omsider; til sidst* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: kiisa endelig langt om længe omsider" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kiisa", "natural": "finally; at last (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiisa#e5993", "Oqaatsit1997:kiisa#e6251" ], "id": "kiisa", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "finally; at last", "en_short": "finally", "source": "generated" } } ], "kiisami": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "finally; at long last" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "kiisami", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | kiisami | *endelig; langt om længe; omsider* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: kiisami endelig langt om længe omsider" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kiisami", "natural": "finally; at long last (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiisami#e5996", "Oqaatsit1997:kiisami#e6254" ], "id": "kiisami", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "finally; at long last", "en_short": "finally", "source": "generated" } } ], "kiisalu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "and finally…" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "kiisalu", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | kiisalu | *og endelig; samt* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: kiisalu og endelig samt" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kiisalu", "natural": "and finally… (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiisalu#e5995", "Oqaatsit1997:kiisalu#e6253" ], "id": "kiisalu", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "and finally…", "source": "generated" } } ], "maannakkut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "now" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "maannakkut", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | maannakkut | *nu* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: maannakkut nu" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "maannakkut", "natural": "now (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:maannakkut#e6770", "Oqaatsit1997:maannakkut#e7154" ], "id": "maannakkut", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "now", "source": "generated" } } ], "massa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "even though; nevertheless; despite that" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "massa", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | massa | *selv om; massa suliinnaavissoq ooriuteqarneq ajorpoq selv om han arbejder hele tiden, har han ingen penge* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: massa selv om endog dog til trods for uanset" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "massa", "natural": "even though; nevertheless; despite that (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:massa#e7145", "Oqaatsit1997:massa#e7540" ], "id": "massa", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "even though; nevertheless; despite that", "en_short": "even though", "source": "generated" } } ], "massakkut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "right now; this minute; immediately" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "massakkut", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | massakkut | *nu* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: massakkut nu" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "massakkut", "natural": "right now; this minute; immediately (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:massakkut#e7149", "Oqaatsit1997:massakkut#e7544" ], "id": "massakkut", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "right now; this minute; immediately", "en_short": "right now", "source": "generated" } } ], "naamerluinnaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "not at all; absolutely not" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "naamerluinnaq", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | naamerluinnaq | *nej slet ikke; det kan der ikke være tale om* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: naamerluinnaq nej slet ikke slet ikke ikke tale om overhovedet ikke" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naamerluinnaq", "natural": "not at all; absolutely not (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naamerluinnaq#e7690", "Oqaatsit1997:naamerluinnaq#e8127" ], "id": "naamerluinnaq", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "not at all; absolutely not", "en_short": "not at all", "source": "generated" } } ], "naamivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "No, indeed.", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:naamivik:88d0983c4ee1", "items": [ { "text": "No, indeed.", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/particles.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naamivik#e7693", "Oqaatsit1997:naamivik#e8130" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "naamivik", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | naamivik | *bestemt nej* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: naamivik du kan tro nej" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naamivik", "natural": "No, indeed. (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naamivik#e7693", "Oqaatsit1997:naamivik#e8130" ], "id": "naamivik", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "No, indeed.", "source": "generated" } } ], "qanortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "if only; would it were; I wish …" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "qanortoq", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | qanortoq | *gid; bare* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: qanortoq gid bare" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qanortoq", "natural": "if only; would it were; I wish … (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qanortoq#e11759", "Oqaatsit1997:qanortoq#e12525" ], "id": "qanortoq", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "if only; would it were; I wish …", "en_short": "if only", "source": "generated" } } ], "qaqutigut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "seldom; rarely" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "qaqutigut", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | qaqutigut | *sjældent* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: qaqutigut sjældent" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qaqutigut", "natural": "seldom; rarely (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaqutigut#e11863", "Oqaatsit1997:qaqutigut#e12626" ], "id": "qaqutigut", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "seldom; rarely", "en_short": "seldom", "source": "generated" } } ], "soorunami": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "naturally; of course" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "soorunami", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | soorunami | *selvfølgelig* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: soorunami selvfølgelig naturligvis" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "soorunami", "natural": "naturally; of course (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:soorunami#e14461", "Oqaatsit1997:soorunami#e15387" ], "id": "soorunami", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "naturally; of course", "en_short": "naturally", "source": "generated" } } ], "sussa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "that doesn't matter; never mind that; we don't care about that" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "sussa", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | sussa | *skidt med det* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: sussa det er ligegyldigt skidt med det det gør ikke noget pyt med det" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sussa", "natural": "that doesn't matter; never mind that; we don't care about that (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sussa#e14874", "Oqaatsit1997:sussa#e15800" ], "id": "sussa", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "that doesn't matter; never mind that; we don't care about that", "source": "generated" } } ], "suu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "yes" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "suu", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | suu | *ja (dagligsprog; ikke i officielt sprog som aap)* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: suu ja" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "suu", "natural": "yes (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:suu#e14891", "Oqaatsit1997:suu#e15817" ], "id": "suu", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "yes", "source": "generated" } } ], "taamaallaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "only; just" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "taamaallaat", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | taamaallaat | *men; kun; men kun* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: taamaallaat kun blot alene" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "taamaallaat", "natural": "only; just (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taamaallaat#e14965", "Oqaatsit1997:taamaallaat#e15972" ], "id": "taamaallaat", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "only; just", "en_short": "only", "source": "generated" } } ], "taamaattoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "although; nevertheless" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "taamaattoq", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | taamaattoq | *alligevel* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: taamaattoq dog alligevel" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "taamaattoq", "natural": "although; nevertheless (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taamaattoq#e14981", "Oqaatsit1997:taamaattoq#e15987" ], "id": "taamaattoq", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "although; nevertheless", "en_short": "although", "source": "generated" } } ], "taamaattumik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "therefore" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "taamaattumik", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | taamaattumik | *derfor* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: taamaattumik derfor" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "taamaattumik", "natural": "therefore (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taamaattumik#e14984", "Oqaatsit1997:taamaattumik#e15990" ], "id": "taamaattumik", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "therefore", "source": "generated" } } ], "taamani": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "then; at that time" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "taamani", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | taamani | *dengang (i fortiden); taamani meeraagallarratta dengang vi var børn* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: taamani dengang" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "taamani", "natural": "then; at that time (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taamani#e14987", "Oqaatsit1997:taamani#e15993" ], "id": "taamani", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "then; at that time", "en_short": "then", "source": "generated" } } ], "taannaqa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "I suspected as much; that's what I thought; no wonder that …" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "taannaqa", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | taannaqa | *gid det snart var; tænkte jeg det ikke nok; det overrasker mig ikke* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: taannaqa det tænkte jeg nok det var hvad man kunne vente det var ikke så mærkeligt at ..." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "taannaqa", "natural": "I suspected as much; that's what I thought; no wonder that … (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taannaqa#e15004", "Oqaatsit1997:taannaqa#e16012" ], "id": "taannaqa", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "I suspected as much; that's what I thought; no wonder that …", "en_short": "I suspected as much", "source": "generated" } } ], "tamatigut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "always; at all times" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "tamatigut", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | tamatigut | *altid* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: tamatigut altid på alle måder" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tamatigut", "natural": "always; at all times (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tamatigut#e15300", "Oqaatsit1997:tamatigut#e16293" ], "id": "tamatigut", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "always; at all times", "en_short": "always", "source": "generated" } } ], "tassami": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "indeed; in any case" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "tassami", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | tassami | *for; ganske rigtigt; ja det ved jeg godt; ja det har du ret i* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: tassami for ganske rigtigt i alt fald" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tassami", "natural": "indeed; in any case (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tassami#e15569", "Oqaatsit1997:tassami#e16537" ], "id": "tassami", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "indeed; in any case", "en_short": "indeed", "source": "generated" } } ], "tassanngaannaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "suddenly; all of a sudden" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "tassanngaannaq", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | tassanngaannaq | *pludselig* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: tassanngaannaq pludselig lige med ét" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tassanngaannaq", "natural": "suddenly; all of a sudden (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tassanngaannaq#e15572", "Oqaatsit1997:tassanngaannaq#e16540" ], "id": "tassanngaannaq", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "suddenly; all of a sudden", "en_short": "suddenly", "source": "generated" } } ], "tassaqa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "I doubt it; I don't think so; probably not" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "tassaqa", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | tassaqa | *det tror jeg ikke* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: tassaqa det er tvivlsomt mon dog? det tror jeg ikke på" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tassaqa", "natural": "I doubt it; I don't think so; probably not (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tassaqa#e15573", "Oqaatsit1997:tassaqa#e16541" ], "id": "tassaqa", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "I doubt it; I don't think so; probably not", "en_short": "I doubt it", "source": "generated" } } ], "tuaviinnaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "quickly; fast; hurrying" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "tuaviinnaq", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | tuaviinnaq | *i fuld fart* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: tuaviinnaq hurtigt i en fart" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tuaviinnaq", "natural": "quickly; fast; hurrying (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuaviinnaq#e16177", "Oqaatsit1997:tuaviinnaq#e17108" ], "id": "tuaviinnaq", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "quickly; fast; hurrying", "en_short": "quickly", "source": "generated" } } ], "uffa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "although; even though; in spite of" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "uffa", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | uffa | *selv om* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: uffa skønt selv om til trods for uanset at ..." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uffa", "natural": "although; even though; in spite of (exact modern English dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uffa#e16655", "Oqaatsit1997:uffa#e17617" ], "id": "uffa", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "although; even though; in spite of", "en_short": "although", "source": "generated" } } ], "usiuffa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "I thought that… (but was wrong); I had assumed that" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "usiuffa", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012 K5§5 catalogs this literal form among particles. Modern English wording is retained from the exact cited row; no productive derivation, attachment rule or additional sense is inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | usiuffa | *jeg troede ellers at (se også sunaaffa)* |", "Oqaatsit1997 row: usiuffa jeg troede ellers at ...", "Shared complement evidence (non-exhaustive, not obligatory): Disse ord er partikler og ubøjelige. Nogle partikler har en betydning, der nærmest er verbal, og som kan have et komplement, fx usiuffa kuulti *jeg troede ellers, at det var guld* (kuulti er komplement). Et verbum i participialmåde kan også være komplement, fx usiuffa sapertutit *jeg troede ellers ikke, at du kunne*. Partikler af denne type er naak, soorlu, sunaaffa, usiuffa, måske flere (se også Kap. 3, § 4g: Participialmåde, eks. 17-20)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "usiuffa", "natural": "I thought that… (but was wrong); I had assumed that (exact modern English dictionary headword)" }, { "surface": "usiuffa kuulti", "natural": "I thought it was gold (Bjornum K5§5 noun-complement example)" }, { "surface": "usiuffa sapertutit", "natural": "I thought you could not (Bjornum K5§5 participial-complement example)" } ], "note": "Bjornum K5§5 gives both a noun complement and a participial verb complement. These are source-quoted phrases, not generated chains or a declaration of obligatory complement valency." }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:usiuffa#e17382", "Oqaatsit1997:usiuffa#e18359" ], "id": "usiuffa", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "I thought that… (but was wrong); I had assumed that", "en_short": "I thought that… (but was wrong)", "source": "generated" } } ], "allaat_particle": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "even; into the bargain" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "allaat", "notes": [ "Lexical particle reading scoped to the selected source rows and Bjornum K5§5. No productive derivation, segmentation or inflection paradigm inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | allaat | *oven i købet* |" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "allaat", "natural": "even; into the bargain (selected cited lexical reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "SchultzLorentzen1927:allaat#e74", "Oqaatsit1997:allaat#e957" ], "id": "allaat_particle", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "even; into the bargain", "en_short": "even", "source": "generated" } } ], "tamassa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "please come in; come on in" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "tamassa", "notes": [ "Lexical particle reading scoped to the selected source rows and Bjornum K5§5. No productive derivation, segmentation or inflection paradigm inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | tamassa | *værsgo at komme indenfor* |" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tamassa", "natural": "please come in; come on in (selected cited lexical reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tamassa#e15291", "Oqaatsit1997:tamassa#e16284" ], "id": "tamassa", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "please come in; come on in", "en_short": "please come in", "source": "generated" } } ], "tamaviat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "with all his/her might" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "tamaviat", "notes": [ "Lexical particle reading scoped to the selected source rows and Bjornum K5§5. No productive derivation, segmentation or inflection paradigm inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | tamaviat | *af alle kræfter* |" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tamaviat", "natural": "with all his/her might (selected cited lexical reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tamaviat#e15312", "Oqaatsit1997:tamaviat#e16307" ], "id": "tamaviat", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "with all his/her might", "source": "generated" } } ], "usi_particle": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "as a matter of fact; by the way" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "usi", "notes": [ "Lexical particle reading scoped to the selected source rows and Bjornum K5§5. No productive derivation, segmentation or inflection paradigm inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | usi | *forresten* |" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "usi", "natural": "as a matter of fact; by the way (selected cited lexical reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:usi#e17365", "Oqaatsit1997:usi#e18342" ], "id": "usi_particle", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "as a matter of fact; by the way", "en_short": "as a matter of fact", "source": "generated" } } ], "uffami_affirmative": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "Yes, that's right", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:uffami_affirmative:895cbb693550", "items": [ { "text": "Yes, that's right", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/particles.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uffami#e16656", "Oqaatsit1997:uffami#e17619" ], "rationale": "The exact Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts row e16656 begins ‘Yes, that's right’ and continues with the same particle’s wish-like readings; Oqaatsit1997 e17619 says ‘jo, det er rigtigt’. The comma after ‘Yes’ is sentence punctuation inside one response, not a boundary between translations." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "uffami", "notes": [ "Lexical particle reading scoped to the selected source rows and Bjornum K5§5. No productive derivation, segmentation or inflection paradigm inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | uffami | *jo det er rigtigt* |", "Affirmative reading only. English e16656 groups affirmative and wish readings; Danish e17619 and the grammar row select affirmation. Wish readings from Danish e17618 are not assigned to this owner." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uffami", "natural": "Yes, that's right (selected cited lexical reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uffami#e16656", "Oqaatsit1997:uffami#e17619" ], "id": "uffami_affirmative", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "Yes, that's right", "source": "generated" } } ], "asuliinnaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "just for fun; without a purpose; just to make sure; just to be safe" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "asuliinnaq", "notes": [ "Lexical particle reading scoped to the selected source rows and Bjornum K5§5. No productive derivation, segmentation or inflection paradigm inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | asuliinnaq | *bare for sjov; til ingen nytte; for alle tilfældes skyld* |", "The modern English rows label these readings as intransitive verbs; Bjornum K5§5 explicitly lists the literal form among uninflected particles. Preserve that source-class disagreement; no verbal stem or productive paradigm is inferred." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "asuliinnaq", "natural": "just for fun; without a purpose; just to make sure; just to be safe (selected cited lexical reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asuliinnaq#e2123", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asuliinnaq#e2124", "Oqaatsit1997:asuliinnaq#e2162", "Oqaatsit1997:asuliinnaq#e2163" ], "id": "asuliinnaq", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "just for fun; without a purpose; just to make sure; just to be safe", "en_short": "just for fun", "source": "generated" } } ], "atagu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "Let me see it; let me see what happens; We'll just wait and see. Let's just see what happens" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "atagu", "notes": [ "Lexical particle reading scoped to the selected source rows and Bjornum K5§5. No productive derivation, segmentation or inflection paradigm inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | atagu | *må jeg se; lad mig se; lad os nu se* |" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atagu", "natural": "Let me see it; let me see what happens; We'll just wait and see. Let's just see what happens (selected cited lexical reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atagu#e2190", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atagu#e2191", "Oqaatsit1997:atagu#e2229" ], "id": "atagu", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "Let me see it; let me see what happens; We'll just wait and see. Let's just see what happens", "en_short": "Let me see it", "source": "generated" } } ], "naak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "although; even so; nevertheless; despite the fact that …" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "naak", "notes": [ "Lexical particle reading scoped to the selected source rows and Bjornum K5§5. No productive derivation, segmentation or inflection paradigm inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | naak | *skønt; selv om; naak? hvor er ...?; hvor er den?; naak sialleraluartoq anivoq skønt det regnede, gik han ud; naak piffissaqanngikkaluarluni utoqqaq ikiorpaa skønt han ikke havde tid, hjalp han den gamle; naak matuersaatiga? hvor er min nøgle?* |", "This owner records the concessive lexical reading. The grammar also quotes interrogative naak?; that distinct usage is retained in the source quote and is not assigned the concessive English gloss.", "Shared complement evidence (non-exhaustive, not obligatory): Disse ord er partikler og ubøjelige. Nogle partikler har en betydning, der nærmest er verbal, og som kan have et komplement, fx usiuffa kuulti *jeg troede ellers, at det var guld* (kuulti er komplement). Et verbum i participialmåde kan også være komplement, fx usiuffa sapertutit *jeg troede ellers ikke, at du kunne*. Partikler af denne type er naak, soorlu, sunaaffa, usiuffa, måske flere (se også Kap. 3, § 4g: Participialmåde, eks. 17-20)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naak", "natural": "although; even so; nevertheless; despite the fact that … (selected cited lexical reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naak#e7570", "Oqaatsit1997:naak#e7990" ], "id": "naak", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "although; even so; nevertheless; despite the fact that …", "en_short": "although", "source": "generated" } } ], "soorlu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "for example; just like …" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "soorlu", "notes": [ "Lexical particle reading scoped to the selected source rows and Bjornum K5§5. No productive derivation, segmentation or inflection paradigm inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | soorlu | *som; ligesom; det er som om; soorlu ersilersoq det er, som om det ved at klare op (vejret); soorlu oqareersunga som jeg allerede har sagt; soorlu unga aamma ligesom mig* |", "Shared complement evidence (non-exhaustive, not obligatory): Disse ord er partikler og ubøjelige. Nogle partikler har en betydning, der nærmest er verbal, og som kan have et komplement, fx usiuffa kuulti *jeg troede ellers, at det var guld* (kuulti er komplement). Et verbum i participialmåde kan også være komplement, fx usiuffa sapertutit *jeg troede ellers ikke, at du kunne*. Partikler af denne type er naak, soorlu, sunaaffa, usiuffa, måske flere (se også Kap. 3, § 4g: Participialmåde, eks. 17-20)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "soorlu", "natural": "for example; just like … (selected cited lexical reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:soorlu#e14455", "Oqaatsit1997:soorlu#e15381" ], "id": "soorlu", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "for example; just like …", "en_short": "for example", "source": "generated" } } ], "sunaaffa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "what I had never expected that! Indeed!" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "sunaaffa", "notes": [ "Lexical particle reading scoped to the selected source rows and Bjornum K5§5. No productive derivation, segmentation or inflection paradigm inferred.", "Complete grammar row: | sunaaffa | *tænk!; tænk dog; minsandten! og så var det (ofte efter usiuffa): usiuffa tuttu sunaaffa ujarak jeg troede, at det var et rensdyr, og så var det en sten; usiuffa aggissaqoq, sunaaffa sallusoq jeg troede ellers, at han ville komme, og så løj han* |", "Historical English wording is source evidence, with modern form and usage independently attested by the grammar and Oqaatsit1997. No unattested modern English dictionary row is claimed.", "Shared complement evidence (non-exhaustive, not obligatory): Disse ord er partikler og ubøjelige. Nogle partikler har en betydning, der nærmest er verbal, og som kan have et komplement, fx usiuffa kuulti *jeg troede ellers, at det var guld* (kuulti er komplement). Et verbum i participialmåde kan også være komplement, fx usiuffa sapertutit *jeg troede ellers ikke, at du kunne*. Partikler af denne type er naak, soorlu, sunaaffa, usiuffa, måske flere (se også Kap. 3, § 4g: Participialmåde, eks. 17-20)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sunaaffa", "natural": "what I had never expected that! Indeed! (selected cited lexical reading)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§5", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sunaaffa#e16867", "Oqaatsit1997:sunaaffa#e15729" ], "id": "sunaaffa", "category": "particles", "plain_gloss": { "en": "what I had never expected that! Indeed!", "source": "generated" } } ], "siorna": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "particle", "meaning": "last year" }, "application_logic": { "boundary_behavior": "none", "continuation_class": "WORD_FINAL", "underlying_form": "siorna", "notes": [ "The modern English rows label this temporal word oqaaseeraq, and the Danish row gives sidste år/i fjor. Admit the independent lexicalized temporal particle without inferring historical atomicity or productive noun-plus-ending decomposition.", "Historical dictionaries also list same-spelled siorna as his/its front. That spatial noun analysis stays on siuneq with its own bounded selector; this particle does not admit front/face or the historical regional some years ago reading." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "last year", "en_short": "last year", "da": "sidste år; i fjor", "da_short": "sidste år", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:siorna#e15119", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siorna#e14199", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siorna#e16578", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f" ], "id": "siorna", "category": "particles" } ], "DEM_IM": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "hidden or distant reference; especially back then in time" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "im", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_DEM_EXCL_A": "ima" }, "search_forms": [ "ima", "taama" ], "notes": [ "AITWG §15.1 Figure 15.1 explicitly lists this bound root; it belongs to the closed demonstrative class, with its own pronoun, adverbial and exclamatory endings. N_POSTBASE is the existing demonstrative-template continuation marker, not evidence that arbitrary nominal affixes attach freely.", "AITWG §15.5 Figure 15.9 explicitly gives the listed ordinary and anaphoric exclamations. Preserve the source forms; do not reconstruct an invariant surface stem from dictionary spelling. Geographical compass interpretations depend on the speaker-relative West Greenlandic orientation in §15.1.", "AITWG §15.5 explicitly exempts im from exclamatory m-doubling. Existing particle ima encodes the lexicalized thus/so use; this bound root is a different level of representation, not another atomic ima stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hidden or distant reference; especially back then in time", "en_short": "hidden or distant reference", "da": "skjult eller fjern henvisning; især dengang", "da_short": "skjult eller fjern henvisning; især dengang", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ima", "natural": "lexicalized thus/so particle; historical root association, not a productive directional gloss" }, { "surface": "taama", "natural": "anaphoric demonstrative exclamation for the same source-defined direction (AITWG Figure 15.9)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.1", "AITWG:§15.5", "Oqaatsit1997:ima#e4314", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ima#e4194", "Kleinschmidt1871:ima#e2275" ], "id": "DEM_IM", "category": "demonstratives" } ], "DEM_IK": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "over there nearby; rightwards along the coast" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ik", "special_ending_realizations": { "DEM_ADV_ALL": "ikunga", "DEM_ADV_LOC": "ikani", "DEM_ADV_ABL": "ikannga", "DEM_ADV_VIA": "ikuuna", "DEM_EQU_PL": [ "ikkunatut", "ikkuatut" ], "DEM_EQU_SG": "issumatut", "DEM_VIA_PL": [ "ikkunuuna", "ikkunatigut" ], "DEM_VIA_SG": "issumuuna", "DEM_ABL_PL": "ikkunannga", "DEM_ABL_SG": "issumannga", "DEM_LOC_PL": "ikkunani", "DEM_LOC_SG": "issumani", "DEM_ALL_PL": "ikkununnga", "DEM_ALL_SG": "issumunnga", "DEM_INS_PL": "ikkuninnga", "DEM_INS_SG": "issuminnga", "DEM_ERG_PL": "ikkua", "DEM_ERG_SG": "issuma", "DEM_ABS_PL": "ikku", "DEM_ABS_SG": "innga", "N_DEM_EXCL_A": "ikka" }, "search_forms": [ "ikka", "taaka" ], "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§2 prints all four ordinary demonstrative adverb forms for this source-numbered root. AITWG §15.3 independently describes the root-plus-adverb-ending construction. These slots yield closed-class particles, not pronoun case forms or unrestricted noun stems; anaphoric columns remain separately reviewed.", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 54 attests the complete ordinary case map, including plural vialis alternatives and optional-n equative forms with explicitly identical meaning. Primary PDF page 105 (printed 107) was visually checked. Anaphoric columns remain separate; no adverb or exclamation is substituted for a pronoun case.", "AITWG §15.1 Figure 15.1 explicitly lists this bound root; it belongs to the closed demonstrative class, with its own pronoun, adverbial and exclamatory endings. N_POSTBASE is the existing demonstrative-template continuation marker, not evidence that arbitrary nominal affixes attach freely.", "AITWG §15.5 Figure 15.9 explicitly gives the listed ordinary and anaphoric exclamations. Preserve the source forms; do not reconstruct an invariant surface stem from dictionary spelling. Geographical compass interpretations depend on the speaker-relative West Greenlandic orientation in §15.1." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "over there nearby; rightwards along the coast", "en_short": "over there nearby", "da": "derhenne i nærheden; langs kysten til højre", "da_short": "derhenne i nærheden; langs kysten til højre", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikka", "natural": "over there!" }, { "surface": "taaka", "natural": "anaphoric demonstrative exclamation for the same source-defined direction (AITWG Figure 15.9)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.1", "AITWG:§15.5", "Oqaatsit1997:taaka#e15938", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taaka#e14930", "Kleinschmidt1871:ikka#e1938", "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "Bjornum2012:K5§2", "AITWG:§15.3" ], "id": "DEM_IK", "category": "demonstratives" } ], "DEM_AV": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "farther rightwards along the coast (northward in the West Greenlandic orientation)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "av", "special_ending_realizations": { "DEM_ADV_ALL": "avunga", "DEM_ADV_LOC": "avani", "DEM_ADV_ABL": "avannga", "DEM_ADV_VIA": "avuuna", "DEM_EQU_PL": [ "akkunatut", "akkuatut" ], "DEM_EQU_SG": "assumatut", "DEM_VIA_PL": [ "akkunuuna", "akkunatigut" ], "DEM_VIA_SG": "assumuuna", "DEM_ABL_PL": "akkunannga", "DEM_ABL_SG": "assumannga", "DEM_LOC_PL": "akkunani", "DEM_LOC_SG": "assumani", "DEM_ALL_PL": "akkununnga", "DEM_ALL_SG": "assumunnga", "DEM_INS_PL": "akkuninnga", "DEM_INS_SG": "assuminnga", "DEM_ERG_PL": "akkua", "DEM_ERG_SG": "assuma", "DEM_ABS_PL": "akku", "DEM_ABS_SG": "anna", "N_DEM_EXCL_A": "affa" }, "search_forms": [ "affa", "taava" ], "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§2 prints all four ordinary demonstrative adverb forms for this source-numbered root. AITWG §15.3 independently describes the root-plus-adverb-ending construction. These slots yield closed-class particles, not pronoun case forms or unrestricted noun stems; anaphoric columns remain separately reviewed.", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 60 attests the complete ordinary case map, including plural vialis alternatives and optional-n equative forms with explicitly identical meaning. Primary PDF page 107 (printed 109) was visually checked. Anaphoric columns remain separate; no adverb or exclamation is substituted for a pronoun case.", "AITWG §15.1 Figure 15.1 explicitly lists this bound root; it belongs to the closed demonstrative class, with its own pronoun, adverbial and exclamatory endings. N_POSTBASE is the existing demonstrative-template continuation marker, not evidence that arbitrary nominal affixes attach freely.", "AITWG §15.5 Figure 15.9 explicitly gives the listed ordinary and anaphoric exclamations. Preserve the source forms; do not reconstruct an invariant surface stem from dictionary spelling. Geographical compass interpretations depend on the speaker-relative West Greenlandic orientation in §15.1." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "farther rightwards along the coast (northward in the West Greenlandic orientation)", "da": "længere langs kysten til højre (mod nord i vestgrønlandsk orientering)", "da_short": "længere langs kysten til højre", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "affa", "natural": "there toward the north!" }, { "surface": "taava", "natural": "anaphoric demonstrative exclamation for the same source-defined direction (AITWG Figure 15.9)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.1", "AITWG:§15.5", "Oqaatsit1997:affa#e388", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:affa#e386", "Kleinschmidt1871:affa#e1476", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "AITWG:§15.4", "Bjornum2012:K5§2", "AITWG:§15.3" ], "id": "DEM_AV", "category": "demonstratives" } ], "DEM_KIG": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "nearby leftwards along the coast; outside" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kig", "special_ending_realizations": { "DEM_ABS_SG": "kinnga", "N_DEM_EXCL_A": "kigga" }, "search_forms": [ "kigga", "takkiga" ], "notes": [ "AITWG §15.1 Figure 15.1 explicitly lists this bound root; it belongs to the closed demonstrative class, with its own pronoun, adverbial and exclamatory endings. N_POSTBASE is the existing demonstrative-template continuation marker, not evidence that arbitrary nominal affixes attach freely.", "AITWG §15.5 Figure 15.9 explicitly gives the listed ordinary and anaphoric exclamations. Preserve the source forms; do not reconstruct an invariant surface stem from dictionary spelling. Geographical compass interpretations depend on the speaker-relative West Greenlandic orientation in §15.1." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nearby leftwards along the coast; outside", "en_short": "nearby leftwards along the coast", "da": "i nærheden langs kysten til venstre; udenfor", "da_short": "i nærheden langs kysten til venstre; udenfor", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kigga", "natural": "out there! (nearby leftwards)" }, { "surface": "takkiga", "natural": "anaphoric demonstrative exclamation for the same source-defined direction (AITWG Figure 15.9)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.1", "AITWG:§15.5", "Oqaatsit1997:takkiga#e16116", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:takkiga#e15115", "Kleinschmidt1871:takkiga#e4388", "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1" ], "id": "DEM_KIG", "category": "demonstratives" } ], "DEM_QAV": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "farther leftwards along the coast (southward in the West Greenlandic orientation)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qav", "special_ending_realizations": { "DEM_ADV_ALL": "qavunga", "DEM_ADV_LOC": "qavani", "DEM_ADV_ABL": "qavannga", "DEM_ADV_VIA": "qavuuna", "DEM_EQU_PL": [ "qakkunatut", "qakkuatut" ], "DEM_EQU_SG": "qassumatut", "DEM_VIA_PL": [ "qakkunuuna", "qakkunatigut" ], "DEM_VIA_SG": "qassumuuna", "DEM_ABL_PL": "qakkunannga", "DEM_ABL_SG": "qassumannga", "DEM_LOC_PL": "qakkunani", "DEM_LOC_SG": "qassumani", "DEM_ALL_PL": "qakkununnga", "DEM_ALL_SG": "qassumunnga", "DEM_INS_PL": "qakkuninnga", "DEM_INS_SG": "qassuminnga", "DEM_ERG_PL": "qakkua", "DEM_ERG_SG": "qassuma", "DEM_ABS_PL": "qakku", "DEM_ABS_SG": "qanna", "N_DEM_EXCL_A": "qaffa" }, "search_forms": [ "qaffa", "taqqava" ], "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§2 prints all four ordinary demonstrative adverb forms for this source-numbered root. AITWG §15.3 independently describes the root-plus-adverb-ending construction. These slots yield closed-class particles, not pronoun case forms or unrestricted noun stems; anaphoric columns remain separately reviewed.", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 59 attests the complete ordinary case map, including plural vialis alternatives and optional-n equative forms with explicitly identical meaning. Primary PDF page 107 (printed 109) was visually checked. Anaphoric columns remain separate; no adverb or exclamation is substituted for a pronoun case.", "AITWG §15.1 Figure 15.1 explicitly lists this bound root; it belongs to the closed demonstrative class, with its own pronoun, adverbial and exclamatory endings. N_POSTBASE is the existing demonstrative-template continuation marker, not evidence that arbitrary nominal affixes attach freely.", "AITWG §15.5 Figure 15.9 explicitly gives the listed ordinary and anaphoric exclamations. Preserve the source forms; do not reconstruct an invariant surface stem from dictionary spelling. Geographical compass interpretations depend on the speaker-relative West Greenlandic orientation in §15.1.", "Nielsen §4.2.1 groups the southern and inside/outside qanna series in one surface-paradigm row; AITWG §15.1/§15.5 differentiates qav and qam and their qaffa/qamma exclamations. Keep these bound roots distinct; shared qanna/qassuma surfaces do not collapse their meanings." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "farther leftwards along the coast (southward in the West Greenlandic orientation)", "da": "længere langs kysten til venstre (mod syd i vestgrønlandsk orientering)", "da_short": "længere langs kysten til venstre", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qaffa", "natural": "there toward the south!" }, { "surface": "taqqava", "natural": "anaphoric demonstrative exclamation for the same source-defined direction (AITWG Figure 15.9)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.1", "AITWG:§15.5", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1", "Oqaatsit1997:qaffa#e12237", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaffa#e11472", "Kleinschmidt1871:qaffa#e3453", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "AITWG:§15.4", "Bjornum2012:K5§2", "AITWG:§15.3" ], "id": "DEM_QAV", "category": "demonstratives" } ], "DEM_QAM": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "on the other side of something; inside or outside relative to the speaker" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qam", "special_ending_realizations": { "DEM_ADV_ALL": "qamunga", "DEM_ADV_LOC": "qamani", "DEM_ADV_ABL": "qamannga", "DEM_ADV_VIA": "qamuuna", "DEM_EQU_PL": [ "qakkunatut", "qakkuatut" ], "DEM_EQU_SG": "qassumatut", "DEM_VIA_PL": [ "qakkunuuna", "qakkunatigut" ], "DEM_VIA_SG": "qassumuuna", "DEM_ABL_PL": "qakkunannga", "DEM_ABL_SG": "qassumannga", "DEM_LOC_PL": "qakkunani", "DEM_LOC_SG": "qassumani", "DEM_ALL_PL": "qakkununnga", "DEM_ALL_SG": "qassumunnga", "DEM_INS_PL": "qakkuninnga", "DEM_INS_SG": "qassuminnga", "DEM_ERG_PL": "qakkua", "DEM_ERG_SG": "qassuma", "DEM_ABS_PL": "qakku", "DEM_ABS_SG": "qanna", "N_DEM_EXCL_A": "qamma" }, "search_forms": [ "qamma", "taqqama" ], "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§2 prints all four ordinary demonstrative adverb forms for this source-numbered root. AITWG §15.3 independently describes the root-plus-adverb-ending construction. These slots yield closed-class particles, not pronoun case forms or unrestricted noun stems; anaphoric columns remain separately reviewed.", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 59 attests the complete ordinary case map, including plural vialis alternatives and optional-n equative forms with explicitly identical meaning. Primary PDF page 107 (printed 109) was visually checked. Anaphoric columns remain separate; no adverb or exclamation is substituted for a pronoun case.", "AITWG §15.1 Figure 15.1 explicitly lists this bound root; it belongs to the closed demonstrative class, with its own pronoun, adverbial and exclamatory endings. N_POSTBASE is the existing demonstrative-template continuation marker, not evidence that arbitrary nominal affixes attach freely.", "AITWG §15.5 Figure 15.9 explicitly gives the listed ordinary and anaphoric exclamations. Preserve the source forms; do not reconstruct an invariant surface stem from dictionary spelling. Geographical compass interpretations depend on the speaker-relative West Greenlandic orientation in §15.1.", "Nielsen §4.2.1 groups the southern and inside/outside qanna series in one surface-paradigm row; AITWG §15.1/§15.5 differentiates qav and qam and their qaffa/qamma exclamations. Keep these bound roots distinct; shared qanna/qassuma surfaces do not collapse their meanings." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "on the other side of something; inside or outside relative to the speaker", "en_short": "on the other side of something", "da": "på den anden side af noget; inde eller ude i forhold til den talende", "da_short": "på den anden side; inde eller ude", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qamma", "natural": "in there!" }, { "surface": "taqqama", "natural": "anaphoric demonstrative exclamation for the same source-defined direction (AITWG Figure 15.9)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.1", "AITWG:§15.5", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1", "Oqaatsit1997:qamma#e12427", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qamma#e11661", "Kleinschmidt1871:taqqama#e3196", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "AITWG:§15.4", "Bjornum2012:K5§2", "AITWG:§15.3" ], "id": "DEM_QAM", "category": "demonstratives" } ], "DEM_PIK": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "above the speaker nearby; inward/upward" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pik", "special_ending_realizations": { "DEM_ADV_ALL": "pikunga", "DEM_ADV_LOC": "pikani", "DEM_ADV_ABL": "pikannga", "DEM_ADV_VIA": "pikuuna", "DEM_EQU_PL": [ "pikkunatut", "pikkuatut" ], "DEM_EQU_SG": "pissumatut", "DEM_VIA_PL": [ "pikkunuuna", "pikkunatigut" ], "DEM_VIA_SG": "pissumuuna", "DEM_ABL_PL": "pikkunannga", "DEM_ABL_SG": "pissumannga", "DEM_LOC_PL": "pikkunani", "DEM_LOC_SG": "pissumani", "DEM_ALL_PL": "pikkununnga", "DEM_ALL_SG": "pissumunnga", "DEM_INS_PL": "pikkuninnga", "DEM_INS_SG": "pissuminnga", "DEM_ERG_PL": "pikkua", "DEM_ERG_SG": "pissuma", "DEM_ABS_PL": "pikku", "DEM_ABS_SG": "pinnga", "N_DEM_EXCL_A": "pikka" }, "search_forms": [ "pikka", "tappika" ], "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§2 prints all four ordinary demonstrative adverb forms for this source-numbered root. AITWG §15.3 independently describes the root-plus-adverb-ending construction. These slots yield closed-class particles, not pronoun case forms or unrestricted noun stems; anaphoric columns remain separately reviewed.", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 58 attests the complete ordinary case map, including plural vialis alternatives and optional-n equative forms with explicitly identical meaning. Primary PDF page 107 (printed 109) was visually checked. Anaphoric columns remain separate; no adverb or exclamation is substituted for a pronoun case.", "AITWG §15.1 Figure 15.1 explicitly lists this bound root; it belongs to the closed demonstrative class, with its own pronoun, adverbial and exclamatory endings. N_POSTBASE is the existing demonstrative-template continuation marker, not evidence that arbitrary nominal affixes attach freely.", "AITWG §15.5 Figure 15.9 explicitly gives the listed ordinary and anaphoric exclamations. Preserve the source forms; do not reconstruct an invariant surface stem from dictionary spelling. Geographical compass interpretations depend on the speaker-relative West Greenlandic orientation in §15.1." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "above the speaker nearby; inward/upward", "en_short": "above the speaker nearby", "da": "ovenfor den talende i nærheden; indad/opad", "da_short": "ovenfor den talende i nærheden; indad/opad", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pikka", "natural": "up there! (nearby above the speaker)" }, { "surface": "tappika", "natural": "anaphoric demonstrative exclamation for the same source-defined direction (AITWG Figure 15.9)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.1", "AITWG:§15.5", "Oqaatsit1997:tappika#e16396", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tappika#e15411", "Kleinschmidt1871:tappika#e7079", "AITWG:§15.4", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "Bjornum2012:K5§2", "AITWG:§15.3" ], "id": "DEM_PIK", "category": "demonstratives" } ], "DEM_PAV": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "farther inland/upward (eastward in the West Greenlandic orientation)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pav", "special_ending_realizations": { "DEM_ADV_ALL": "pavunga", "DEM_ADV_LOC": "pavani", "DEM_ADV_ABL": "pavannga", "DEM_ADV_VIA": "pavuuna", "DEM_EQU_PL": [ "pakkunatut", "pakkuatut" ], "DEM_EQU_SG": "passumatut", "DEM_VIA_PL": [ "pakkunuuna", "pakkunatigut" ], "DEM_VIA_SG": "passumuuna", "DEM_ABL_PL": "pakkunannga", "DEM_ABL_SG": "passumannga", "DEM_LOC_PL": "pakkunani", "DEM_LOC_SG": "passumani", "DEM_ALL_PL": "pakkununnga", "DEM_ALL_SG": "passumunnga", "DEM_INS_PL": "pakkuninnga", "DEM_INS_SG": "passuminnga", "DEM_ERG_PL": "pakkua", "DEM_ERG_SG": "passuma", "DEM_ABS_PL": "pakku", "DEM_ABS_SG": "panna", "N_DEM_EXCL_A": "paffa" }, "search_forms": [ "paffa", "tappava" ], "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§2 prints all four ordinary demonstrative adverb forms for this source-numbered root. AITWG §15.3 independently describes the root-plus-adverb-ending construction. These slots yield closed-class particles, not pronoun case forms or unrestricted noun stems; anaphoric columns remain separately reviewed.", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 57 attests the complete ordinary case map, including plural vialis alternatives and optional-n equative forms with explicitly identical meaning. Primary PDF page 106 (printed 108) was visually checked. Anaphoric columns remain separate; no adverb or exclamation is substituted for a pronoun case.", "AITWG §15.1 Figure 15.1 explicitly lists this bound root; it belongs to the closed demonstrative class, with its own pronoun, adverbial and exclamatory endings. N_POSTBASE is the existing demonstrative-template continuation marker, not evidence that arbitrary nominal affixes attach freely.", "AITWG §15.5 Figure 15.9 explicitly gives the listed ordinary and anaphoric exclamations. Preserve the source forms; do not reconstruct an invariant surface stem from dictionary spelling. Geographical compass interpretations depend on the speaker-relative West Greenlandic orientation in §15.1." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "farther inland/upward (eastward in the West Greenlandic orientation)", "da": "længere inde i landet/opad (mod øst i vestgrønlandsk orientering)", "da_short": "længere inde i landet/opad", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "paffa", "natural": "up there! (farther inland)" }, { "surface": "tappava", "natural": "anaphoric demonstrative exclamation for the same source-defined direction (AITWG Figure 15.9)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.1", "AITWG:§15.5", "Oqaatsit1997:paffa#e10479", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paffa#e9818", "Kleinschmidt1871:paffa#e6702", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "AITWG:§15.4", "Bjornum2012:K5§2", "AITWG:§15.3" ], "id": "DEM_PAV", "category": "demonstratives" } ], "DEM_KAN": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "below the speaker nearby; down towards the sea" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kan", "special_ending_realizations": { "DEM_ADV_ALL": "kanunga", "DEM_ADV_LOC": "kanani", "DEM_ADV_ABL": "kanannga", "DEM_ADV_VIA": "kanuuna", "DEM_EQU_PL": [ "kakkunatut", "kakkuatut" ], "DEM_EQU_SG": "kassumatut", "DEM_VIA_PL": [ "kakkunuuna", "kakkunatigut" ], "DEM_VIA_SG": "kassumuuna", "DEM_ABL_PL": "kakkunannga", "DEM_ABL_SG": "kassumannga", "DEM_LOC_PL": "kakkunani", "DEM_LOC_SG": "kassumani", "DEM_ALL_PL": "kakkununnga", "DEM_ALL_SG": "kassumunnga", "DEM_INS_PL": "kakkuninnga", "DEM_INS_SG": "kassuminnga", "DEM_ERG_PL": "kakkua", "DEM_ERG_SG": "kassuma", "DEM_ABS_PL": "kakku", "DEM_ABS_SG": "kanna", "N_DEM_EXCL_A": "kana" }, "search_forms": [ "kana", "takanna" ], "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§2 prints all four ordinary demonstrative adverb forms for this source-numbered root. AITWG §15.3 independently describes the root-plus-adverb-ending construction. These slots yield closed-class particles, not pronoun case forms or unrestricted noun stems; anaphoric columns remain separately reviewed.", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 56 attests the complete ordinary case map, including plural vialis alternatives and optional-n equative forms with explicitly identical meaning. Primary PDF page 106 (printed 108) was visually checked. Anaphoric columns remain separate; no adverb or exclamation is substituted for a pronoun case.", "AITWG §15.1 Figure 15.1 explicitly lists this bound root; it belongs to the closed demonstrative class, with its own pronoun, adverbial and exclamatory endings. N_POSTBASE is the existing demonstrative-template continuation marker, not evidence that arbitrary nominal affixes attach freely.", "AITWG §15.5 Figure 15.9 explicitly gives the listed ordinary and anaphoric exclamations. Preserve the source forms; do not reconstruct an invariant surface stem from dictionary spelling. Geographical compass interpretations depend on the speaker-relative West Greenlandic orientation in §15.1.", "AITWG §15.5 gives ordinary kana without n-doubling, but anaphoric takanna with doubling; §15.2 separately excepts kan from initial k-doubling under ta(c). Do not replace these individual restrictions with a general gemination rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "below the speaker nearby; down towards the sea", "en_short": "below the speaker nearby", "da": "nedenfor den talende i nærheden; ned mod havet", "da_short": "nedenfor den talende i nærheden; ned mod havet", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kana", "natural": "down there! (nearby below the speaker)" }, { "surface": "takanna", "natural": "anaphoric demonstrative exclamation for the same source-defined direction (AITWG Figure 15.9)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.1", "AITWG:§15.5", "Oqaatsit1997:takanna#e16105", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:takanna#e15105", "Kleinschmidt1871:kana#e4199", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "AITWG:§15.4", "Bjornum2012:K5§2", "AITWG:§15.3" ], "id": "DEM_KAN", "category": "demonstratives" } ], "DEM_SAM": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "farther down/out at sea (westward in the West Greenlandic orientation)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sam", "special_ending_realizations": { "DEM_ADV_ALL": "samunga", "DEM_ADV_LOC": "samani", "DEM_ADV_ABL": "samannga", "DEM_ADV_VIA": "samuuna", "DEM_EQU_PL": [ "sakkunatut", "sakkuatut" ], "DEM_EQU_SG": "sassumatut", "DEM_VIA_PL": [ "sakkunuuna", "sakkunatigut" ], "DEM_VIA_SG": "sassumuuna", "DEM_ABL_PL": "sakkunannga", "DEM_ABL_SG": "sassumannga", "DEM_LOC_PL": "sakkunani", "DEM_LOC_SG": "sassumani", "DEM_ALL_PL": "sakkununnga", "DEM_ALL_SG": "sassumunnga", "DEM_INS_PL": "sakkuninnga", "DEM_INS_SG": "sassuminnga", "DEM_ERG_PL": "sakkua", "DEM_ERG_SG": "sassuma", "DEM_ABS_PL": "sakku", "DEM_ABS_SG": "sanna", "N_DEM_EXCL_A": "samma" }, "search_forms": [ "samma", "tasama" ], "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§2 prints all four ordinary demonstrative adverb forms for this source-numbered root. AITWG §15.3 independently describes the root-plus-adverb-ending construction. These slots yield closed-class particles, not pronoun case forms or unrestricted noun stems; anaphoric columns remain separately reviewed.", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 55 attests the complete ordinary case map, including plural vialis alternatives and optional-n equative forms with explicitly identical meaning. Primary PDF page 106 (printed 108) was visually checked. Anaphoric columns remain separate; no adverb or exclamation is substituted for a pronoun case.", "AITWG §15.1 Figure 15.1 explicitly lists this bound root; it belongs to the closed demonstrative class, with its own pronoun, adverbial and exclamatory endings. N_POSTBASE is the existing demonstrative-template continuation marker, not evidence that arbitrary nominal affixes attach freely.", "AITWG §15.5 Figure 15.9 explicitly gives the listed ordinary and anaphoric exclamations. Preserve the source forms; do not reconstruct an invariant surface stem from dictionary spelling. Geographical compass interpretations depend on the speaker-relative West Greenlandic orientation in §15.1." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "farther down/out at sea (westward in the West Greenlandic orientation)", "da": "længere nede/ude på havet (mod vest i vestgrønlandsk orientering)", "da_short": "længere nede/ude på havet", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "samma", "natural": "down there! out there at sea!" }, { "surface": "tasama", "natural": "anaphoric demonstrative exclamation for the same source-defined direction (AITWG Figure 15.9)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.1", "AITWG:§15.5", "Oqaatsit1997:samma#e14185", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:samma#e13289", "Kleinschmidt1871:tasama#e7530", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "AITWG:§15.4", "Bjornum2012:K5§2", "AITWG:§15.3" ], "id": "DEM_SAM", "category": "demonstratives" } ], "politiit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "police", "inherent_number": "plural" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "politiit", "notes": [ "Attested as the lexical plural in Oqaatsit1997:politiit#e11671 (word class 't qass', Danish 'politiet') and in Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:politiit#e10948 ('police department'). This entry records the exact plural citation and does not assert productive singular formation or declension behavior. Distinct from MOFO's separately attested example spelling Poliit; see docs/investigations/source-coverage/candidates/2026-11-04-poliit-spelling-audit.json and its linked review ledger." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "police", "da": "politiet", "en_short": "police", "da_short": "politiet", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:politiit#e11671", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:politiit#e10948", "Bjornum2012:K1§7 p.246" ], "id": "politiit", "category": "nouns" } ], "umiatsiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "row boat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "umiatsiaq", "notes": [ "Exact citation-form dictionary row: Oqaatsit1997:umiatsiaq#e18045 gives 'robåd (-en)' and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:umiatsiaq#e17080 gives 'row boat'. Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Umiatsiaq describes the contemporary lexeme and separately documents its inflectional paradigm; this lexical record alone does not assert that paradigm.", "Danish common gender follows the source's robåd (-en) headword notation; countability follows the ordinary boat noun sense. These presentation facts support target-language articles without adding Kalaallisut or Danish number forms." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "row boat", "da": "robåd", "en_short": "row boat", "da_short": "robåd", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "countability": "count", "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:umiatsiaq#e18045", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:umiatsiaq#e17080", "Bjornum2012:K8§2" ], "id": "umiatsiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "paasissutissaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "information" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paasissutissaq", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Dictionary evidence gives paasissutissaq as an equivalent of Danish oplysning and information, including the collocation 'søger oplysninger' → paasissutissarsiorpoq (Ordbogen2003:oplysning#e21620, information#e14153). The separate source-backed N_siuq_Vb entry licenses the productive search-for-N derivation; this root record does not claim an independently attested participial form." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "information", "da": "information", "en_short": "information", "da_short": "information", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "provenance": [ "Ordbogen2003:oplysning#e21620", "Ordbogen2003:information#e14153" ], "id": "paasissutissaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "suliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "work; occupation" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "suliaq", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Oqaatsit and Oqaasileriffik attest the citation noun with the general meanings 'work; occupation'. The weak uvular-deleting profile is supported for this locative chain by the source-attested form suliami and the independently sourced -mi locative ending; the source does not establish 'case' as an unrestricted standalone gloss." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "work; occupation", "en_short": "work", "da": "arbejde; beskæftigelse", "da_short": "arbejde", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "contextual_glosses": [ { "when": { "case": "locative" }, "en": "in a case", "da": "i en sag", "source": "https://ina.gl/media/op0peq5o/pkt9_em2012_omb_ber_2011_dk.pdf#page=36" } ], "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:suliaq#e15598", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:suliaq#e14676", "Ordbogi1977:suliaq#e9025", "Bjornum2012:K8§2", "AITWG:§7.6", "FolketingetsOmbudsmand2011:p.36" ], "id": "suliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "isi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "eye" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isi", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Real homograph collision, disambiguated by row id: Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts' own 2018-kal-eng front end lists THREE distinct 'isi' headword entries -- 'violin string' (row e4960), 'eye' (row e4961, cited here), and 'drum skin' (row e4962) -- all under the same modern-orthography spelling. Kleinschmidt1871's own 'isi' headword ('skindet på en tromme' / 'en streng... på en violin') corresponds to the OTHER two senses, not this one: Bjornum2012's own orthography chapter (K1§7, docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/1-lyd-og-skrift.md:571) glosses 'isse (isi) et øje' -- i.e. Kleinschmidt's own spelling for THIS sense ('eye') was isse (double-s), a distinct headword from his bare isi; the two only merged into one modern spelling after the ss->s orthography reform, which is exactly why the 2018 dictionary shows three same-spelled entries where Kleinschmidt's own orthography kept two of them apart.", "FST pin (issue #516, lex_33084): intended analysis is isi+N+Abs+Sg (this entry's 'eye' sense). Competing isaq/iseq/isoq lines are 4sg-possessed q-stems whose surface can also be isi -- inflectional lookalikes, not this lexeme. Dictionary homographs (violin string e4960, drum skin e4962) remain row-pinned as above. Modeled sense isolated; entry preserved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "eye", "da": "øje", "da_short": "øje", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "countability": "count", "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "øje", "singular_definite": "øjet", "plural": [ "øjne", "øjer" ], "plural_definite": [ "øjnene", "øjerne" ] } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A weak, regular i-final stem (Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1's own vowel-stem class -- illu/ini's own paradigm), EXCEPT for one irregular cell: its own absolutive possessive-1sg-singular form is isera ('my eye'), not the *isiga the regular vowel-stem paradigm would predict -- see N_ABS_POSS1SG_SG's own lexical_overrides entry for the encoding.", "examples": [ { "surface": "isera", "natural": "my eye (Bjornum2012's and Nielsen2012's own irregular-paradigm example; see N_ABS_POSS1SG_SG)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isi#e4961", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "Bjornum2012:K1§7", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Kleinschmidt1871:isi#e2725", "Rasmussen1893:isi#e661", "SchultzLorentzen1926:isi#e5536", "SchultzLorentzen1927:isi#e5536", "Oqaatsit1997:isi#e5084", "Katersat:lex_33084", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41515" ], "id": "isi", "category": "nouns" } ], "illu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "house, home", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:illu:3856e7767688", "items": [ { "text": "house, home", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illu", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "Kleinschmidt1871:illu#e1854", "SchultzLorentzen1926:illu#e3717", "SchultzLorentzen1927:illu#e3717", "Oqaatsit1997:illu#e4121", "Katersat:lex_33378" ], "rationale": "No source edit is proposed; preserve the complete raw meaning. Further annotation would require a reviewed relation that the available source rows establish." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illu", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "house, home", "da": "hus, hjem", "da_short": "hus, hjem", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "countability": "count", "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illumi", "natural": "in the house" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illu", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "Kleinschmidt1871:illu#e1854", "SchultzLorentzen1926:illu#e3717", "SchultzLorentzen1927:illu#e3717", "Oqaatsit1997:illu#e4121", "Katersat:lex_33378" ], "id": "illu", "category": "nouns" } ], "aki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "price; payment, return; the opposite side (of something)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:aki:e463e174f3e8", "items": [ { "text": "price; payment, return; the opposite side (of something)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Kleinschmidt1871:aki", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aki#e612", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aki#e691", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aki#e691", "Oqaatsit1997:aki#e612", "Katersat:lex_1448" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aki", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Kleinschmidt1871's own headword entry gives the 3rd-person-singular possessed form directly: \"aki, m.s. akia\" (\"aki, with suffix akia\") -- a plain vowel-final possessive with no consonant epenthesis or stem alternation, same declension pattern as illu/nuna/siku above.", "Not to be confused with kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml's {akik}N ('barb'), whose own entry note flags {aki}N ('price') as the unrelated stem this one is. The Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts mirror complicates that tidy split somewhat: it lists a same-spelled 'aki : barb' sense (id e609) immediately alongside 'aki : price' (id e612) under the identical bare headword 'aki' -- see daka.gl-mirror/2018-kal-eng/raw/entries-3.html. This entry cites only the 'price' sense (e612); the 'barb' sense is left with {akik}N per the existing note, and the apparent homograph/synonymy between the two dictionaries' groupings is flagged here rather than silently resolved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "price; payment, return; the opposite side (of something)", "en_short": "price", "da": "pris; betaling, gengæld; den modsatte side", "da_short": "pris", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akia", "natural": "his/her/its payment; the opposite side of it (3rd-person-singular possessed; Kleinschmidt1871's own citation form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:aki", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aki#e612", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aki#e691", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aki#e691", "Oqaatsit1997:aki#e612", "Katersat:lex_1448" ], "id": "aki", "category": "nouns" } ], "qimmeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dog" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qimmeq", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "inflection_sandhi:none here means 'deletes final /q/ before a consonant-initial ending, no additional gemination' -- not 'nothing happens', same reading as this repo's own arnaq entry. qimmeq is a plain, non-geminating weak q-stem (AITWG:§6.4's Definition 6.2), independently corroborated by Bjornum2012's own 'Stammer' overview table (K4§2), which classifies qimmeq alongside arnaq/ukioq as exactly this class -- already cited on this repo's own ukioq/arnaq entries, now added here directly since this entry itself previously carried no morphology_class at all (the gap N_cuaq_N's own notes flag: 'qimmersuaq ... is attested by name ... but neither host stem is currently published with a morphology_class in this repo's own stems data, so no stem_type exists yet to key [it] on')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dog", "da": "hund", "da_short": "hund", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hund", "singular_definite": "hunden", "plural": "hunde", "plural_definite": "hundene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qimmeqarpoq", "natural": "He has a dog." }, { "surface": "qimmersuaq", "natural": "a big/bad/dumb dog (this repo's own N_cuaq_N 'big/bad N' affix; independently attested by AITWG-Affixes, Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.7 and Bjornum2012:K9§6 -- see N_cuaq_N's own pedagogy.examples)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:270", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qimmeq#e12338", "Katersat:lex_26665", "Kleinschmidt1871:qimmeq#e3706", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qimmeq#e7466", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qimmeq#e7466", "Oqaatsit1997:qimmeq#e13111", "AITWG:§6.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41457" ], "id": "qimmeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qitsuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qitsuk", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cat", "da": "kat", "da_short": "kat", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qitsuuteqarpoq", "natural": "He has a cat." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qitsuk#e12618", "Oqaatsit1997:qitsuk#e13393", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40150", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42905" ], "id": "qitsuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "inuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "person, human being", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:inuk:f24bda2c9c5f", "items": [ { "text": "person, human being", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Fortescue1984:114", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inuk", "AITWG:§6.7", "AITWG:§7.5", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2c", "Kleinschmidt1871:inuk#e2470", "SchultzLorentzen1926:inuk#e5041", "SchultzLorentzen1927:inuk#e5041", "Oqaatsit1997:inuk#e4831", "Katersat:lex_8210" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inuk", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "person, human being", "da": "person, menneske", "da_short": "person, menneske", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "number_forms": { "en": { "singular": "person", "plural": "people" }, "da": { "singular": "person", "plural": "personer" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A regular, up-declined k-stem: the stem-final /k/ drops before a vowel-initial ending (AITWG:§6.7's own worked example is this exact stem -- 'inuk, human, would become inuup, inuit in ergative singular and plural', AITWG:§7.5/Figure 7.3). Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.1 ('inuk, menneske, inuup, inuit, inummik') and Bjornum2012:K4§2c, which names inuk directly alongside panik/akkak as words of this pattern that 'decline regularly' ('bøjes regelmæssigt').", "examples": [ { "surface": "inuup", "natural": "person's (ergative singular; AITWG:§7.5's own worked example)" }, { "surface": "inuit", "natural": "people (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:114", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inuk", "AITWG:§6.7", "AITWG:§7.5", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2c", "Kleinschmidt1871:inuk#e2470", "SchultzLorentzen1926:inuk#e5041", "SchultzLorentzen1927:inuk#e5041", "Oqaatsit1997:inuk#e4831", "Katersat:lex_8210" ], "id": "inuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "inuuik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "birthday" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inuuik", "right_sandhi": "consonant_cluster_assimilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "right_sandhi:consonant_cluster_assimilation (AITWG:§3.9's own Definition 3.9, 'all consonant clusters c1c2 are regressively assimilated to c2c2') is what produces the attested inuuik+sior -> inuuissior- alternation modeled in the companion worked example (kalaallisut_data/worked_examples/verbal.yaml's inuuissiorpoq): the stem-final /k/ fully assimilates to N_siuq_Vb's own initial /s/, giving [ss] rather than a truncated or unassimilated *inuuiksior-. Same general mechanism, same enum value, as this file's own atuarfik entry (k+m -> [mm] in atuarfimmut) and kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml's sinik/oqaluk/tikit/toqut entries (k/t + p -> [pp]) -- not a new phenomenon requiring a schema change, just this general fact's first nominal-stem-before-derivational-affix (rather than nominal-stem-before-inflectional-ending) attestation.", "inflection_sandhi:none follows atuarfik's own established precedent for an ordinary k-final noun with no independent evidence of the weakening/metathesis alternations the strong/weak k-stem classes show -- NOT independently attested here for inuuik specifically (no ergative-singular or absolutive-plural surface form for inuuik was found in any source searched: docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/, docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/, daka.gl-mirror/, katersat-mirror/). Flag for independent verification if an inflected (non-derived) surface form for this stem is ever cited, matching atuarfik's own flag for the identical gap.", "Distinct from inuuffik (also glossed 'birthday; birthplace; native country' by several of the same dictionaries -- see Kleinschmidt1871's own entry, which lists inuuik as a 'provincial variant' of inuuffik, and SchultzLorentzen1926/1927's shared headword 'inuufik, inuuik'). Modeled here as its own stem per katersat's own separate lex_id and per Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts' own separate headword entry (e4748) -- not asserted as historically underived (Kleinschmidt's cross-reference suggests inuuik may itself originate as a reduced/dialectal form of inuuffik, i.e. inuk + V_fik_N), just not re-derived as such here since no source gives an explicit synchronic derivation for the modern form." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "birthday", "da": "fødselsdag", "da_short": "fødselsdag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fødselsdag", "singular_definite": "fødselsdagen", "plural": "fødselsdage", "plural_definite": "fødselsdagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Attested overwhelmingly as 'birthday' across every dictionary searched (Kleinschmidt1871, SchultzLorentzen1926/1927, Petersen1951/1967, Bugge1960, Ordbogi1977, Oqaatsit1997, Ordbogen2003, Oqaasersiorfik2008, WordList2018, Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts, katersat's own lex_33740) -- the strongest-attested sense of any pilot-case stem in this epic.", "examples": [ { "surface": "inuuik", "natural": "birthday (absolutive singular; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts' own citation form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inuuik", "Katersat:lex_33740", "Kleinschmidt1871:inuuffik", "SchultzLorentzen1926:inuuik", "SchultzLorentzen1927:inuuik", "Oqaatsit1997:inuuik", "AITWG:§3.9", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52189" ], "id": "inuuik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kangerluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fjord, bay (an inlet running from the sea, or a comparatively larger body of water, into the land, regardless of size, length, or direction)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:kangerluk:12005092c87a", "items": [ { "text": "fjord", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the inlet term", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Kleinschmidt1871:kangerluk", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kangerluk", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kangerluk", "Oqaatsit1997:kangerluk#e5920", "Petersen1967:kangerluk", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kangerluk#e8455", "Katersat:lex_9320" ], "rationale": "The cited entries explicitly give “fjord” and “bay” as equivalent translations.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "bay", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the inlet term", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Kleinschmidt1871:kangerluk", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kangerluk", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kangerluk", "Oqaatsit1997:kangerluk#e5920", "Petersen1967:kangerluk", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kangerluk#e8455", "Katersat:lex_9320" ], "rationale": "The cited entries explicitly give “bay” and “fjord” as equivalent translations.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "an inlet running from the sea, or a comparatively larger body of water, into the land, regardless of size, length, or direction", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "definition of the preceding translations", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Kleinschmidt1871:kangerluk", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kangerluk", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kangerluk", "Oqaatsit1997:kangerluk#e5920", "Petersen1967:kangerluk", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kangerluk#e8455", "Katersat:lex_9320" ], "rationale": "The cited lexicographic definition explains the shared referent and is not a selectable translation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kangerluk", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Same regular, up-declined k-stem pattern as inuk above: Petersen1967's own terse declension-code entry ('kangerdluk, t it -gssuaq, -atsiaq, aup, -dluarssuk, -dluatsiaq, aup, ait -dlussaq, -ngmio' in the source's old orthography) lists the ergative-singular suffix code as 'aup' -- i.e. the citation form's final /k/ is simply replaced by the ending, kangerluk -> kangerluup, the same plain k-drop as inuk -> inuup, not a weakening/nasalating '-ngup' variant." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fjord, bay", "da": "fjord, vig", "da_short": "fjord, vig", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kangerluup", "natural": "fjord's (ergative/relative singular; derived per Petersen1967's own declension-code entry)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:kangerluk", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kangerluk", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kangerluk", "Oqaatsit1997:kangerluk#e5920", "Petersen1967:kangerluk", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kangerluk#e8455", "Katersat:lex_9320", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63745", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72850" ], "id": "kangerluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "nuna": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "land, country, ground", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:nuna:d80a8e5c7c0c", "items": [ { "text": "land, country, ground", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Fortescue1984:218", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "Kleinschmidt1871:nuna#e6293", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nuna#e12672", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nuna#e12672", "Oqaatsit1997:nuna#e9656", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuna#e9106", "Katersat:lex_6522" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuna", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "land, country, ground", "da": "land, jord", "da_short": "land, jord", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Nunarsuaq", "natural": "Greenland (literally: the great land)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:218", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "Kleinschmidt1871:nuna#e6293", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nuna#e12672", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nuna#e12672", "Oqaatsit1997:nuna#e9656", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuna#e9106", "Katersat:lex_6522" ], "id": "nuna", "category": "nouns" } ], "siku": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sea ice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siku", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sea ice", "da": "havis", "da_short": "havis", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "havis", "singular_definite": "havisen" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sikumi", "natural": "on the sea ice" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:289", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "Kleinschmidt1871:siku#e7810", "Rasmussen1893:siku#e1924", "SchultzLorentzen1926:siku#e15777", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siku#e15777", "Oqaatsit1997:siku#e14812", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siku#e13892", "Katersat:lex_29782", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.138008" ], "id": "siku", "category": "nouns" } ], "angut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "man, male", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:angut:f3f741fd92d0", "items": [ { "text": "man, male", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Fortescue1984:13", "AITWG:§3.4", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "Bjornum2012:K1§8", "Kleinschmidt1871:angut#e940", "SchultzLorentzen1926:angut#e1774", "SchultzLorentzen1927:angut#e1774", "Oqaatsit1997:angut#e1423", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angut#e1397", "Katersat:lex_1762" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angut", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "right_sandhi verified as none for INFLECTIONAL ENDINGS specifically (AITWG:§6.7's p-declined description covers angut's {aŋutə}N base with only the ordinary sandhi rules). AITWG:§6.4 separately shows the stem's /t/ undergoes weakening/nasalisation before certain ENCLITICS (*{lu}, *{una}, *{guuq} -> angununa, arnaq angullu) -- but enclitics are a distinct, currently out-of-scope morpheme class in this schema (see docs/reference/linguistics/mofo-schema-mapping.md row 1), so that finding isn't asserted here. Do not set right_sandhi:verbal_schwa_buffering for this entry: AITWG:§6.10 (the section that value is grounded in) is exclusively about VERBAL ut(e)-stems (Figure 6.7: 'Verbal stem types'), an unrelated phenomenon that (under the pre-rename naming) happened to share the name 'te' (te_sandhi vs. te_stem)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "man, male", "da": "mand", "da_short": "mand", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mand", "singular_definite": "manden", "plural": "mænd", "plural_definite": "mændene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "nominal_stem_class": "t_stem", "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angutaavoq", "natural": "He is a man." }, { "surface": "angutip", "natural": "the man's / the man (ergative)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:13", "AITWG:§3.4", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "Bjornum2012:K1§8", "Kleinschmidt1871:angut#e940", "SchultzLorentzen1926:angut#e1774", "SchultzLorentzen1927:angut#e1774", "Oqaatsit1997:angut#e1423", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angut#e1397", "Katersat:lex_1762", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43651" ], "id": "angut", "category": "nouns" } ], "arnaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "woman, female", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:arnaq:5a2390be8748", "items": [ { "text": "woman, female", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Fortescue1984:16", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "Kleinschmidt1871:arnaq#e1065", "SchultzLorentzen1926:arnaq#e2057", "SchultzLorentzen1927:arnaq#e2057", "Oqaatsit1997:arnaq#e1886", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arnaq#e1856", "Katersat:lex_4667" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arnaq", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "inflection_sandhi:none here means 'deletes final /q/ before a consonant-initial ending, no additional gemination' -- not 'nothing happens'. arnaq is a weak q-stem (AITWG:§6.4's Definition 6.2: the /q/ is unconditionally removed before a consonant-initial ending) with no consonant to geminate (unlike amiq/taliq/ukaliq), matching the already-cited surface arnaq -> arnap directly." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "woman, female", "da": "kvinde", "da_short": "kvinde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kvinde", "singular_definite": "kvinden", "plural": "kvinder", "plural_definite": "kvinderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arnap", "natural": "the woman's / the woman (ergative)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:16", "AITWG:§6.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "Kleinschmidt1871:arnaq#e1065", "SchultzLorentzen1926:arnaq#e2057", "SchultzLorentzen1927:arnaq#e2057", "Oqaatsit1997:arnaq#e1886", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arnaq#e1856", "Katersat:lex_4667", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43453" ], "dictionary_entry_refs": [ { "source": "oqaasileriffik", "id": "A_Gloss_1476" } ], "id": "arnaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kalaaliq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a Greenlander" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kalaaliq", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "AITWG:§6.6's Aside 6.1 ('Why is the language called Kalaallisut?') is a full worked derivation naming this exact stem: '{kalaaliq}N... is a weak q-stem, displaying gemination of the /l/, and the last vowel is a true /i/ that will activate the t-to-s rule [assibilation].' The aside then derives {kalaaliq}N{tut} (this repo's N_EQU_SG, -tut) step by step: gemination (/l/ -> /ll/, dropping /q/) then the t-to-s rule (/it/ -> /is/) -> kalaallisut -- composing right_sandhi:assibilation with inflection_sandhi:geminating in one cited real word, closing SG-8 (docs/reference/linguistics/aitwg-rule-compliance-audit.md).", "Same stem_type/declension_class/gemination shape as taliq/ukaliq (kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) but independently AITWG-sourced, not MOFO-derived -- does not need the MOFO: provenance exception." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a Greenlander", "da": "en grønlænder", "da_short": "en grønlænder", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "grønlænder", "singular_definite": "grønlænderen", "plural": "grønlændere", "plural_definite": "grønlænderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "kalaaliq is the underlying/citation-analysis form; the surfaced absolutive singular is kalaaleq (the same underlying-i/surface-e lowering pattern as taliq/ukaliq's -eq surface forms), independently confirmed by Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3's own paradigm kalaaleq/kalaallip/kalaallit/kalaallimik.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kalaaleq", "natural": "a Greenlander (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kalaallip", "natural": "the Greenlander's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "kalaallisut", "natural": "like the Greenlanders (speak); the Greenlandic language (equalis singular, AITWG:§6.6 Aside 6.1's own worked example: kalaaliq + N{tut})" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§6.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Oqaatsit1997:kalaaleq#e5774", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kalaaleq#e5567", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87501" ], "id": "kalaaliq", "category": "nouns" } ], "assoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "windward side; side of the boat the wind is coming from (luv side)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Host for assungaatsiaq (assoq + -ngaatsiaq: stem-final -q truncates before the affix's -ng-, the same left-edge behaviour N_ngaatsiaq_N inherits from its N_ttiaq_N constituent). Katersat's own lexicon has the bare stem (lex_5212: assoq+N+Abs+Sg) and the NGAATSIAQ-tagged composition (lex_5271: assoq+NGAATSIAQ+Der/nn). The bare-stem sense here is the windward-side noun (Kleinschmidt1871:assoq 'vindsiden; luvsiden'; SL1926:assoq 'vindside; luvside'), not the ass- quantifier family. morphology_class follows the oq-stem majority precedent (uvular_deleting_stem/p/weak, e.g. amaroq/aqajaroq); gemination left unset (no doubled-consonant citation observed)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "windward side; weather side", "en_short": "windward side", "da": "vindside; luvart", "da_short": "vindside", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "assoq", "natural": "windward side (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assoq#e2131", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assoq#e2092", "Kleinschmidt1871:assoq", "Katersat:lex_5212" ], "id": "assoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "assak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hand; (older sources) finger -- historically 'finger' was singular and 'hand' the plural sense (a hand as a collection of fingers); nowadays 'hand' is also used in the singular" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Per Kleinschmidt [SK71], this stem meant 'finger' in the singular and 'hand' in the plural; Oqaatsit 1997 now records only 'hand', including in the singular ('finger' is expressed instead by a separate stem, inujak). Both the meaning and this diachronic shift are independently corroborated: Bjornum2012 K1§9 glosses 'agssak (assak) en hånd' (a hand), and Bjornum2012 K9§6 (s.v. assammioq, 'finger ring') glosses assak itself as 'hånd, tidligere finger' (hand, formerly finger) -- matching MOFO's own account directly, not just the bare gloss." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hand; (older sources) finger", "en_short": "hand", "da": "hånd; (ældre kilder) finger", "da_short": "hånd", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§5.5.2.2, 'assak, hånd; assammioq, fingerring') and Bjornum2012 (K1§9, K9§6), both directly on the lexeme's existence and meaning.", "examples": [ { "surface": "assak", "natural": "hand (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "assaap", "natural": "hand's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "assaat", "natural": "hands (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K1§9", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:assak#e101", "SchultzLorentzen1926:assak#e162", "SchultzLorentzen1927:assak#e162", "Oqaatsit1997:assak#e2060", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assak#e2019", "Katersat:lex_5057" ], "id": "assak", "category": "nouns" } ], "agiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "violin; fiddle; (secondary, shamanic use) a grindstone rubbed by a shaman/angakkoq for ritual/meditative purposes", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:agiaq:783cbf623e25", "items": [ { "text": "violin; fiddle; (secondary, shamanic use) a grindstone rubbed by a shaman/angakkoq for ritual/meditative purposes", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§2.2", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:agiaq#e423", "Katersat:lex_201", "SchultzLorentzen1926:agiaq#e26", "SchultzLorentzen1927:agiaq#e26", "Oqaatsit1997:agiaq#e425" ], "rationale": "No source YAML change is proposed; retain the complete raw meaning. If structured annotations are added later, preserve the exact row citations and represent the indicated relation explicitly." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "agiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO derives this from a root {aɣiɣ-} 'to rub (against something)' [MFSJLK10], either an irregular passive participle or a nominalised V{-aq}V ('repeated/prolonged activity') form; the 'violin/fiddle' sense reflects the bowing/rubbing motion. MOFO's own morphemic form is {agijaq}N, written WITHOUT parentheses around the j -- unlike this repo's aaqnuaq/ajuaq/allunaaq entries, MOFO does not co-list an 'Injection' facet here, only 'Geminating' ('agissap','agissat'), so plain geminating is asserted rather than injection, even though the surface pattern (no visible consonant in either 'agia' or 'agissa') looks structurally similar to those entries.", "The inflected forms agissap/agissat are cited from MOFO's own declension table; Nielsen2012's independent hit attests only the bare citation form and gloss ('agiaq, violin'), not the inflected paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "violin; fiddle; a grindstone rubbed by a shaman for ritual purposes; a grindstone rubbed by a shaman for meditative purposes (angakkoq)", "en_short": "violin", "da": "violin; (også) en slibesten brugt af en åndemaner", "da_short": "violin", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§2.2), which glosses 'agiaq, violin' directly as an example word for the pronunciation of written g -- an on-point attestation of the lexeme and its primary meaning, not an incidental mention.", "examples": [ { "surface": "agiaq", "natural": "violin / fiddle (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "agissap", "natural": "violin's / fiddle's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "agissat", "natural": "violins / fiddles (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§2.2", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:agiaq#e423", "Katersat:lex_201", "SchultzLorentzen1926:agiaq#e26", "SchultzLorentzen1927:agiaq#e26", "Oqaatsit1997:agiaq#e425" ], "id": "agiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aappaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the other (of two who belong together); Possessor's mate, friend, partner, or spouse; (secondary, lexicalised sense) the second, in a numbered row or list", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:aappaq:253458a522a5", "items": [ { "text": "the other (of two who belong together); Possessor's mate, friend, partner, or spouse; (secondary, lexicalised sense) the second, in a numbered row or list", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:aappaa#e212", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappaa#e209", "Oqaatsit1997:aappaat#e216", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappaat#e215", "Oqaatsit1997:aappaq#e228", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappaq#e226", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K1§9", "Kleinschmidt1871:aappaq#e133", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aappaq#e268", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aappaq#e268", "Oqaatsit1997:aappaq#e227", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappaq#e227", "Katersat:lex_181037" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aappaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Exact modern noun rows independently attest aappaa one/the other of a pair, aappaat the other, and companion aappaq (Danish e228, English e226). Kleinschmidt e133 explicitly supplies possessed aappaa and ordinal context arfineq aappaat. Modern aappaat headword rows alone do not establish every ordinal or possessive rule; bring and melt verbs aappaa are different readings.", "Weak q-stem with no sandhi peculiarities of its own (MOFO's own 'Right sandhi: Default/none', 'Inflection sandhi: Default/none'); MOFO notes the stem is primarily used with possessive endings rather than the bare grammatical-case forms, which are 'likely seldom used'. The ordinal-number sense ('second', e.g. aappaat, arfineq-aappaat 'seventh') is a secondary, lexicalised extension of the primary 'other (of a pair)' sense, not a separate homonymous stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the other; the owner's mate, friend, partner, or spouse", "en_short": "the other (of two who belong together)", "da": "den anden (af to der hører sammen); ens ven, kæreste eller ægtefælle", "da_short": "den anden", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.1.1: 'aappaq, den ene/anden'; §5.3.1.4.2: 'aappaq, ægtefælle, ledsager') and Bjornum2012 (K1§9: 'den anden (af to); ægtefælle; ledsager; kammerat'), which together give the same two-sense structure (other/mate + companion/spouse) as MOFO's own primary sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aappara", "natural": "my friend / my companion / my spouse (absolutive, possessed 1sg) [MOFO, citing SK71]" }, { "surface": "aappaat", "natural": "the second (ordinal number, lexicalised) [MOFO, citing Oqaatsit 1997]" }, { "surface": "aapparma", "natural": "my comrade's (possessed, oblique) [Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aappaa#e212", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappaa#e209", "Oqaatsit1997:aappaat#e216", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappaat#e215", "Oqaatsit1997:aappaq#e228", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappaq#e226", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K1§9", "Kleinschmidt1871:aappaq#e133", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aappaq#e268", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aappaq#e268", "Oqaatsit1997:aappaq#e227", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappaq#e227", "Katersat:lex_181037" ], "id": "aappaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aaveq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "walrus" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaveq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aivəq}N, a strong q-stem declining with metathesis, but records TWO co-attested declension variants: the majority up-declined pattern (aarrup, aarrit -- ə-drop plus /vq/ assimilated to /rr/) and a minority ip-declined pattern (aarfip, aarfit -- true metathesis of /vəq/ to /qv/, spelt -rf-). MOFO notes the -rr- forms 'may be preferred today, maybe to distinguish this stem from' the unrelated {auvəq}N. This entry models the majority up-declined pattern.", "Nielsen2012's own paradigm independently attests BOTH variants co-occurring: 'aaveq, hvalros, aarrup/aarfup/aarfip, aarrit/aarfit' -- directly corroborating MOFO's own dual-declension claim, not just the bare lexeme." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "walrus", "da": "hvalros", "da_short": "hvalros", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hvalros", "singular_definite": "hvalrossen", "plural": "hvalrosser", "plural_definite": "hvalrosserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and strongly corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.2.6, §7.1) and Bjornum2012 (K4§2f), all glossing 'hvalros' (walrus) with a matching inflected paradigm.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aaveq", "natural": "walrus (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aarrup", "natural": "walrus's (ergative singular; majority up-declined variant)" }, { "surface": "aarfip", "natural": "walrus's (ergative singular; minority ip-declined true-metathesis variant, also independently attested)" }, { "surface": "aarrit", "natural": "walruses (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Kleinschmidt1871:aaveq#e1466", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aaveq#e2848", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aaveq#e2848", "Oqaatsit1997:aaveq#e369", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaveq#e368", "Katersat:lex_33054", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65331" ], "id": "aaveq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "abscess; boil (on the skin)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajuaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aju(j)aq}N: an unwritten historical consonant between /u/ and /a/ (parenthesised as (j)) is absent from the citation form 'ajuaq' but resurfaces geminated under inflection (ajussap, ajussat), the same inflection_sandhi:injection pattern already established by this repo's naaq entry. MOFO co-lists 'Geminating, Injection' for this stem.", "gemination {from,to} deliberately not set, same reasoning as naaq: no visible 'from' consonant in the citation form 'ajuaq' to name." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "abscess; boil (on the skin)", "en_short": "abscess", "da": "byld", "da_short": "byld", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "byld", "singular_definite": "bylden", "plural": "bylder", "plural_definite": "bylderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.1.3) and Bjornum2012 (K4§2e, item 22 of its gemination-pattern table, '-uaq > -ussat'), which give the identical paradigm ajuaq/ajussap/ajussat/ajussamik already reflected in this entry, matching this repo's own amiq/taliq/ukaliq precedent style (full independently-attested paradigm, not just a bare gloss).", "examples": [ { "surface": "ajuaq", "natural": "abscess / boil (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ajussap", "natural": "abscess's / boil's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "ajussat", "natural": "abscesses / boils (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:ajuaq#e286", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ajuaq#e544", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ajuaq#e544", "Oqaatsit1997:ajuaq#e541", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajuaq#e538", "Katersat:lex_986", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55213" ], "id": "ajuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akeraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "enemy" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akeraq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {akiraq}N, a weak q-stem geminating the stem-final /r/ to /qq/ before a consonant-initial ending (akera- before vowel, akeqqa- before consonant: akeraq, akeqqap, akeqqat) -- the same r->qq target cluster as this batch's own alleroq entry, filling a real gap not yet in this repo's gemination examples." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "enemy", "da": "fjende", "da_short": "fjende", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fjende", "singular_definite": "fjenden", "plural": "fjender", "plural_definite": "fjenderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.1.3: 'akeraq, fjende, akeqqat'), which directly attests both the lexeme+meaning and the geminated plural form 'akeqqat' matching MOFO's own declension table -- a single but unambiguous, on-point source (this stem's only MOFO-cited source is itself Oqaatsit 1997 alone).", "examples": [ { "surface": "akeraq", "natural": "enemy (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "akeqqap", "natural": "enemy's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "akeqqat", "natural": "enemies (absolutive plural; independently attested by Nielsen2012)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akeraq#e594", "Katersat:lex_1321", "SchultzLorentzen1926:akeraq#e814", "SchultzLorentzen1927:akeraq#e814", "Oqaatsit1997:akeraq#e597", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75490" ], "id": "akeraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "allunaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "strap; cord; sealskin-rope (a thin cord/strap cut from ussuk sealskin)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allunaaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {akluna(j)aq}N: an unwritten historical consonant between /u/ and /a/ (parenthesised as (j)) is absent from the citation form 'allunaaq' but resurfaces geminated under inflection (allunassap, allunassat), the same inflection_sandhi:injection pattern already established by this repo's naaq entry. Per Ordbogeeraq [JP67], the stem may alternatively inflect as a regular p-declined weak q-stem without gemination (allunaat instead of allunassat); MOFO records only the geminating pattern as primary, which this entry follows -- and which matches Nielsen2012's own independently-attested plural 'allunassat' (the geminated form, not the ungeminated alternative).", "gemination {from,to} deliberately not set, same reasoning as naaq: no visible 'from' consonant in the citation form 'allunaaq' to name." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "strap; cord; sealskin-rope", "en_short": "strap", "da": "rem; snor; sælskindsreb", "da_short": "rem", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.1.3: 'allunaaq, rem, allunassat' -- 'rem' = strap/belt, matching MOFO's 'strap; cord' directly, plus the geminated plural form).", "examples": [ { "surface": "allunaaq", "natural": "strap / cord (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "allunassap", "natural": "strap's / cord's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "allunassat", "natural": "straps / cords (absolutive plural; independently attested by Nielsen2012)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allunaaq#e1094", "Katersat:lex_2993", "Kleinschmidt1871:allunaaq#e59", "SchultzLorentzen1926:allunaaq#e110", "SchultzLorentzen1927:allunaaq#e110" ], "id": "allunaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akunneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the space or area between things; (spatial/directional stem, typically possessed with a plural possessor) the area between them", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:akunneq:e3f2b0d8e717", "items": [ { "text": "the space or area between things", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.5", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j", "SchultzLorentzen1926:akunneq#e962", "SchultzLorentzen1927:akunneq#e962", "Oqaatsit1997:akunneq#e858", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akunneq#e845", "Katersat:lex_207003", "Bjornum2012:K4§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:akunneq#e532" ], "rationale": "The dictionary evidence supports an interval/space-between meaning." }, { "text": "spatial/directional stem, typically possessed with a plural possessor", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "grammatical and distributional restriction on the primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.5", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j", "SchultzLorentzen1926:akunneq#e962", "SchultzLorentzen1927:akunneq#e962", "Oqaatsit1997:akunneq#e858", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akunneq#e845", "Katersat:lex_207003", "Bjornum2012:K4§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:akunneq#e532" ], "rationale": "The cited grammar and lexicographic material support this as usage/syntactic qualification." }, { "text": "the area between them", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "restatement under the stated possession pattern", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.5", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j", "SchultzLorentzen1926:akunneq#e962", "SchultzLorentzen1927:akunneq#e962", "Oqaatsit1997:akunneq#e858", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akunneq#e845", "Katersat:lex_207003", "Bjornum2012:K4§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:akunneq#e532" ], "rationale": "The reviewer identifies this as a restatement of the interval meaning in its possessed use." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akunneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {akunnəq}N, a strong q-stem that declines with weakening in the relative/plural cells (akunnerup, akunnerit) but metathesis in possessed forms (akornga, 'its/their between-space'), where the /ə/ preceding /q/ swaps past the geminate /nn/ to give /qŋ/ -- MOFO's own text calls this combination 'highly irregular', hence inflection_sandhi:irregular rather than picking one of weakening/metathesis alone.", "Nielsen2012 independently reaches a near-identical diagnosis: 'Akunneq, mellemrum, danner uregelmæssige former ved metatese: akorna...; akornatsinni... – den tilsvarende regelmæssige form, akunnitsinni, betyder imellem os' (forms irregular forms by metathesis...; the corresponding regular form means 'between us') -- independently corroborating both the metathesis mechanism and MOFO's own note that a competing regular (non-metathesised) form coexists.", "Only three source-labelled spatial slots and the citation form are keyed: K4§6 gives among them with plural possessor and regular locative endings, and explicitly contrasts vialis singular possessum akornatigut (through their one gap) with plural akornisigut (through their several gaps). Bjornum restricts this spatial use to plural possessors; no singular-possessor extension or general double-consonant metathesis algorithm is admitted." ], "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_SG": "akunneq", "N_LOC_POSS3PL_SG": "akornanni", "N_VIA_POSS3PL_SG": "akornatigut", "N_VIA_POSS3PL_PL": "akornisigut" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the space or area between things; the area between them", "en_short": "the space or area between things", "da": "rummet eller området mellem ting", "da_short": "rummet eller området mellem ting", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and extensively corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§6.4.5's spatial-nouns list, §4.1.4.2.6's metathesis discussion) and Bjornum2012 (K4§2f's metathesis section and its own dedicated Bøjningseksempel 8, 'Akunneq', a full possessive paradigm).", "examples": [ { "surface": "akunneq", "natural": "space / interval (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "akunnerup", "natural": "space's / interval's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "akornanni", "natural": "between them (locative, 3pl possessor; independently attested identically by MOFO, Nielsen2012, and Bjornum2012)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§6.4.5", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Bjornum2012:K4§2j", "SchultzLorentzen1926:akunneq#e962", "SchultzLorentzen1927:akunneq#e962", "Oqaatsit1997:akunneq#e858", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akunneq#e845", "Katersat:lex_207003", "Bjornum2012:K4§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:akunneq#e532" ], "id": "akunneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "amaroq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wolf (most commonly the polar wolf)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amaroq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {amaruq}N; declension geminates /r/ to [qq] (amaroq -> amaqqup/amaqqut), the same r⇒qq target as this batch's akeroq/aqajaroq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wolf (most commonly the polar wolf)", "da": "ulv", "da_short": "ulv", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ulv", "singular_definite": "ulven", "plural": "ulve", "plural_definite": "ulvene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: both Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.1.3's geminating-nouns table and §7.1's irregular-noun index) and Bjornum2012 (K4§2e's own gemination table) give the identical paradigm this entry's pedagogy uses -- amaroq/amaqqup/amaqqut/amaqqumik -- confirming lexeme, gloss ('ulv', wolf), and the r=>qq gemination directly, not just an incidental example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "amaroq", "natural": "wolf (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "amaqqup", "natural": "wolf's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "amaqqut", "natural": "wolves (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:amaruq", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:amaroq#e638", "SchultzLorentzen1926:amaroq#e1162", "SchultzLorentzen1927:amaroq#e1162", "Oqaatsit1997:amaroq#e1153", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amaroq#e1136", "Katersat:lex_3123", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70905" ], "id": "amaroq", "category": "nouns" } ], "anaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "feces; turd; dung; excrement; shit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {anaq}N (no schwa); declension geminates /n/ to [nn] (anaq -> annap/annat) -- the first n-initial gemination pair in this repo's data (existing entries use m/l/r targets)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "feces; turd; dung; excrement; shit", "en_short": "feces", "da": "afføring", "da_short": "afføring", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "afføring", "singular_definite": "afføringen" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "n", "to": "nn" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, though single-source and thin (a phonology-chapter minimal-pair example, not a full declension paradigm): Nielsen2012:§2.1 ('Vokaler') glosses 'anaq, lort' ('anaq, turd') directly, contrasted with 'arnaq, kvinde'. No corresponding Bjornum2012 hit was found despite a direct follow-up grep.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anaq", "natural": "feces / turd (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "annap", "natural": "feces' (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "annat", "natural": "feces (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "ullorissap anaa", "natural": "shooting star (literally 'the star's shit', 3sg/sg possessive; idiom cited by MOFO via Kleinschmidt [SK71])" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:anaq", "Nielsen2012:§2.1", "Kleinschmidt1871:anaq#e725", "SchultzLorentzen1926:anaq#e1351", "SchultzLorentzen1927:anaq#e1351", "Oqaatsit1997:anaq#e1295", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anaq#e1271", "Katersat:lex_3423", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78637" ], "id": "anaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqqusineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "road; (originally) a path formed or traced out by repeated use" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqusineq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {apqusinəq}N, a historical compound of {apqutə}N ('path/road/way' -- see this repo's own aqqut entry) + N{-li}V + V{nəq}N; right and inflection sandhi are inherited from the rightmost component, V{nəq}N (not independently modeled in this repo).", "MOFO records this word's declension as genuinely dual-attested: 'either as strong q-stem with weakening, or with metathesis'. This entry follows Bjornum2012's own worked-paradigm choice (K4§2f's metathesis table and K8§2's Bøjningseksempel 106 heading, both titled 'stærk q-stamme med metatese') and models inflection_sandhi:metathesis; the equally-attested non-metathesis/weakening forms (aqqusinerup/aqqusinerit/aqqusinera, also shown by Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 as parenthetical alternates, and matching MOFO's own headline 'New orthography' citation 'aqqusinerit') are NOT silently discarded -- flagged here as a real, unresolved dual pattern rather than a single settled fact." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "road; a path formed or traced out by repeated use", "en_short": "road", "da": "vej; en sti dannet ved gentagen brug", "da_short": "vej", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, and strongly: Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.2.6's own metathesis-noun list, and §7.1's irregular-noun index) and Bjornum2012 (K4§2f's own metathesis table, naming aqqusineq explicitly in both its non-possessive and possessive forms, plus K8§2's full worked paradigm, Bøjningseksempel 106) all attest the lexeme and the aqqusineq/aqqusern(g)up/aqqusern(g)it paradigm directly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aqqusineq", "natural": "road (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aqqusinerit", "natural": "roads (absolutive plural; MOFO's own headline citation form, the weakening variant -- the metathesis variant aqqusernit/aqquserngit is also attested, see notes)" }, { "surface": "Borgmesterip Aniitap Aqqusernga", "natural": "Mayor Aniita's Road (a real street name in Nuuk, cited by MOFO; aqqusernga = 'his/her/its road', absolutive 3sg/sg possessive)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:apqusinəq", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Aqqusineq", "Bøjningseksempel 106", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aqqusineq#e3069", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aqqusineq#e3069", "Oqaatsit1997:aqqusineq#e1778", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqusineq#e1748", "Katersat:lex_4495" ], "id": "aqqusineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "path; road; way" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqut", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {apqutə}N, a tə-stem (same class as this repo's own angut/{aŋutə}N entry, nouns.yaml) -- the second tə-stem/p-declension example in this repo's data, not a first-time gap close. Stem-before-consonant form is 'aqquti', stem-before-vowel form is 'aqquta' (both per MOFO's own declension table)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "path; road; way", "en_short": "path", "da": "sti; vej", "da_short": "sti", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, though single-source and thin (an orthography-assimilation-rule example, not a full paradigm): Bjornum2012:K1§7's old-vs-new-orthography table glosses item 57 as 'avκut (aqqut) vej; rute' ('aqqut, road; route'), directly matching MOFO's lexeme and gloss. No corresponding Nielsen2012 hit was found.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aqqut", "natural": "path / road / way (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aqqutip", "natural": "path's / road's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "aqqutit", "natural": "paths / roads (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "Aalborgip aqqutaa", "natural": "Aalborg-street (literally 'Aalborg's road/way', a real street name in Illoqqortoormiut, cited by MOFO)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:apqutə", "Bjornum2012:K1§7", "Kleinschmidt1871:aqqut#e1567", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aqqut#e3052", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aqqut#e3052", "Oqaatsit1997:aqqut#e1782", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqut#e1752", "Katersat:lex_4523", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40797", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71972" ], "id": "aqqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqajaroq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stomach (the internal digestive organ, as distinct from a stomach-sack used as a bag/pouch)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:aqajaroq:283a29a0e153", "items": [ { "text": "stomach", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:aqajaruq", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aqajaroq#e604", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aqajaroq#e604", "Oqaatsit1997:aqajaroq#e1718", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqajaroq#e1689", "Katersat:lex_4404" ], "rationale": "The dictionary evidence supports the internal digestive organ reading." }, { "text": "the internal digestive organ, as distinct from a stomach-sack used as a bag/pouch", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "narrows the intended referent of the primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:aqajaruq", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aqajaroq#e604", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aqajaroq#e604", "Oqaatsit1997:aqajaroq#e1718", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqajaroq#e1689", "Katersat:lex_4404" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical distinguishes the intended organ from the bag/pouch sense; it constrains reference rather than adding a translation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqajaroq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aqajaruq}N; declension geminates /r/ to [qq] (aqajaroq -> aqajaqqup/aqajaqqut), the same r⇒qq target as this batch's akeroq/amaroq. Kleinschmidt [SK71], via MOFO, distinguishes the possessed organ sense (aqajarua, 'his stomach, the one inside him') from a derived sense (aqajaruutaa, 'a [seal-]stomach he uses as a bag') -- paraphrased here, not quoted verbatim." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stomach", "da": "mave (det indre organ)", "da_short": "mave", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mave", "singular_definite": "maven", "plural": "maver", "plural_definite": "maverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, single-source but exact: Nielsen2012:§7.1's irregular-noun index gives 'aqajaroq, mavesæk, aqajaqqut' ('aqajaroq, stomach-sack, aqajaqqut'), matching both MOFO's lexeme and its geminated plural aqajaqqut directly, not just an incidental use. No corresponding Bjornum2012 hit was found.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aqajaroq", "natural": "stomach (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aqajaqqup", "natural": "stomach's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "aqajaqqut", "natural": "stomachs (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aqajaruq", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aqajaroq#e604", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aqajaroq#e604", "Oqaatsit1997:aqajaroq#e1718", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqajaroq#e1689", "Katersat:lex_4404", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94740" ], "id": "aqajaroq", "category": "nouns" } ], "arlaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the other (of a possessor's two); also 'the one' in 'the one ... (and) the other ...' constructions -- a partitive pronoun-like stem contrasting with {ila}N's inclusive 'a part of'" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arlaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aqlaq}N. MOFO itself does not give a full declension pattern, noting this stem is 'almost always only used with possessive endings'." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the other; also 'the one... the other...'", "da": "den anden (af ejerens to)", "da_short": "den anden", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The strongest corroboration in this batch: this stem is directly named and defined by AITWG itself, not just a secondary source -- AITWG:§8.3 (Definition 8.3, 'Partitive nouns') names {aqlaq} as one of the three dedicated partitive devices, glossed 'a more exclusive one out of, and not any of the others', already indexed in this repo's own kalaallisut_data/aitwg_index/ch08.yaml ('8.3'). That same index entry records independent confirmation from Nielsen2012:§6.4.6 ('Partitive udtryk'), which uses {arlaq} (Nielsen's spelling) with the identical worked example 'ullut arlaanni' ('on one of the days') as AITWG's own. Bjornum2012:K4§5c gives a full independent treatment ('Arlaq \"en af dem\"') with its own worked examples.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kina arlaat aallassava?", "natural": "who of them shall travel? (arlaat = absolutive 3pl/pl possessive, 'the others/them'; example independently cited by both MOFO [CWSL58] and Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "periarfissat arlaqarput", "natural": "there are several possibilities (derived with the verbalizer +qar-, 'have N'; example from Nielsen2012:§6.4.6)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aqlaq", "AITWG:§8.3", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§5c", "Kleinschmidt1871:arlaq#e1044", "SchultzLorentzen1926:arlaq#e2015", "SchultzLorentzen1927:arlaq#e2015", "Katersat:lex_4638" ], "id": "arlaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "arfinillit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "six (quantity, e.g. of years, months, days); inherently plural, used only with plural endings (for the number, see arfineq)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:arfinillit:4f27d2a0885e", "items": [ { "text": "six (quantity, e.g. of years, months, days); inherently plural, used only with plural endings (for the number, see arfineq)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:aqvinələk", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.7.1", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:arfinillit#e1849", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfinillit#e1820", "Katersat:lex_186410" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arfinillit", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis_limited_to_ergative_and_plural", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aqvinələk}N, a compound of {aqvinəq}N (this repo's own arfineq entry, 'six [number]') + N{-lək}N. Right and inflection sandhi are inherited from N{-lək}N (not independently modeled in this repo).", "inflection_sandhi:metathesis_limited_to_ergative_and_plural is a reasonable-fit mapping, not an exact one: MOFO frames N{-lək}N's own sandhi as 'limited metathesis', and Bjornum2012:K6§2 independently describes the identical fact in its own terms -- '-lik, som har metatese i grammatiske kasus (-llit), men ikke i de oblikke kasus (arfinilinnik...)' ('-lik, which has metathesis in the grammatical cases [-llit], but not in the oblique cases [arfinilinnik...]') -- the same 'metathesis in some but not all case forms' shape this repo's ivik entry already uses this value for, though framed as 'grammatical vs. oblique cases' rather than 'ergative and plural' specifically.", "morphology_class.declension_class deliberately left unset: MOFO gives no explicit p/up/ip declension-type facet for this word (unlike its aqvinəq/aqviqsanəq/aqviqsanələk siblings), and as an inherently plural-only quantity word it has no absolutive-singular form to classify against.", "Katersat D (lex_186410) rejected on re-admit: fst_analyses also lists arfeq+Sem/Aich+NIP+…Opt+3Pl (whale), a spurious collision; clean Num Abs/Rel Pl analyses are present. Not a derived-morph stem.", "Deconstruct target is compositional arfineq + N_lik_N + Abs/Rel.Pl (-llit); this stem remains atomic in the inventory for have-N / dictionary-headword use. Engine Abs.Pl metathesis on -lik is the required consumer fix (api.oq.gl follow-up). Bjornum2012:K6§2; Nielsen2012:§5.5." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "six (quantity)", "en_short": "six", "da": "seks (antal)", "da_short": "seks", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012 (§6.4.7.1's cardinal-numeral list, and §7.1's irregular-noun index: 'arfineq el. arfinillit, 6, arfinilinnik') and Bjornum2012 (K6§2's own full table, including arfinilinnik/arfiniliupput) both directly attest the lexeme, gloss, and the -linnik oblique-case form. Quantity vs counting: arfinillit (pl.) for mængdeangivelse; arfineq for optælling/klokken.", "examples": [ { "surface": "arfinillit", "natural": "six (absolutive/relative plural, the citation/quantity form)" }, { "surface": "arfinilinnik", "natural": "six (instrumental plural; oblique case, no metathesis -- Bjornum2012:K6§2; cf. aqqanilinnik)" }, { "surface": "arfinilinnik ukioqarpoq", "natural": "he is six years old (literally 'he has six years'; arfinilinnik = instrumental plural)" }, { "surface": "ukiut arfinillit", "natural": "six years (arfinillit = absolutive plural, the metathesis grammatical-case form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aqvinələk", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.7.1", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:arfinillit#e1849", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfinillit#e1820", "Katersat:lex_186410" ], "id": "arfinillit", "category": "nouns" } ], "arfineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "six (number) -- used only for counting and telling time; grammatically singular though the meaning is plural -- for the quantity, see arfinillit", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:arfineq:1cef2e5dd0f5", "items": [ { "text": "six (number) -- used only for counting and telling time; grammatically singular though the meaning is plural -- for the quantity, see arfinillit", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:aqvinəq", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.7.1", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:arfineq#e1019", "Oqaatsit1997:arfineq#e1828", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfineq#e1799", "Katersat:lex_4605" ], "rationale": "Kleinschmidt1871 e1019 and the 1997/2018 dictionary rows give ‘six’ as a numeral; the gloss’s counting/time restrictions and grammatical singular note describe its use. Commas organize grammatical specification, not selectable meanings." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arfineq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aqvinəq}N, per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10] historically a compound of {aqvak}N ('edge of the hand' -- this repo's own arfak entry, nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) + N{-li}V + V{nəq}N; already noted on that arfak entry's own pedagogy ('Arfineq er beslægtet med arfak', Bjornum2012:K6§2). Metathesis subtype here is Cəq⇒qn/qŋ (schwa drops, /qn/ surfaces as [rn] or nasal [rng]) -- a different target from ateq/aleq's Cəq⇒Cq subtype, though this schema has one generic 'metathesis' value for both." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "six (number)", "en_short": "six", "da": "seks (tal)", "da_short": "seks", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012 (§6.4.7.1's cardinal-numeral list and §7.1's irregular-noun index) and Bjornum2012 (K6§2's own numeral chapter, using arfineq/arfinermut/arferngat repeatedly in worked date and clock-time examples) both directly attest the lexeme and the arferng-metathesis paradigm.", "examples": [ { "surface": "arfinermut", "natural": "at 6 o'clock (allative singular; the singular ending is used even though 'six' is semantically plural)" }, { "surface": "immikkoortut arferngat", "natural": "sixth chapter (literally 'the chapters' sixth'; arferngat = absolutive 3pl/sg possessive, the ordinal-number use)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aqvinəq", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.7.1", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:arfineq#e1019", "Oqaatsit1997:arfineq#e1828", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfineq#e1799", "Katersat:lex_4605" ], "id": "arfineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "arfineq-marluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "seven" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arfineq-marluk", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "search_forms": [ "arfinimarluk" ], "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2: not a sum; finger-counting continuation past five (two on the other hand). Alternate spelling arfinimarluk (search_forms only; build with hyphenated underlying_form)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arfineq_marluk_lexicalized_cardinal_seven", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:arfineq-marluk#e1833", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfineq-marluk#e1804" ], "operator": { "type": "quantity", "target": "counted_nominal", "scope": "argument", "value": "lexicalized exact cardinal quantity seven; not asserted to be a productive arithmetic composition", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:arfineq-marluk#e1833", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfineq-marluk#e1804" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arfineq-marluk", "natural": "seven (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'syv')" }, { "surface": "arfineq-marlunnik", "natural": "seven (instrumentalis plural; Bjornum2012:K6§2)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:arfineq-marluk#e1833", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfineq-marluk#e1804" ], "id": "arfineq-marluk", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "seven", "source": "generated" } } ], "arfineq-pingasut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "eight" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arfineq-pingasut", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2: not a sum; finger-counting continuation past five (three on the other hand)." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arfineq-pingasut", "natural": "eight (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'otte')" }, { "surface": "ullut arfineq-pingasut qaangiuppagut", "natural": "we shall leave in eight days (Bjornum2012:K6§2 example; fidelity flag on -pagut vs -pata kept as printed)" }, { "surface": "arfineq-pingasunik", "natural": "eight (instrumentalis plural; Bjornum2012:K6§2)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:arfineq-pingasut#e1838", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfineq-pingasut#e1809" ], "id": "arfineq-pingasut", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "eight", "source": "generated" } } ], "arfersanillit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sixteen (quantity) -- used for counting sixteen items; inherently plural, used only with plural endings", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:arfersanillit:90833172810c", "items": [ { "text": "sixteen (quantity) -- used for counting sixteen items; inherently plural, used only with plural endings", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:aqviqsanələk", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:arfersanillit#e1827", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfersanillit#e1798", "Katersat:lex_186405" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arfersanillit", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis_limited_to_ergative_and_plural", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aqviqsanələk}N, a compound of {aqviqsanəq}N (this repo's own arfersaneq entry, 'sixteen [numeral]') + N{-lək}N -- structurally identical to this batch's arfinillit ('six [quantity]'), same N{-lək}N final constituent, same inherited sandhi.", "morphology_class.declension_class deliberately left unset, same reasoning as arfinillit: no explicit MOFO facet, and it is an inherently plural-only quantity word.", "Deconstruct target is compositional arfersaneq + N_lik_N + Abs/Rel.Pl (-llit); stem remains atomic for have-N / headword use. Same -lik grammatical-case metathesis as arfinillit (api.oq.gl follow-up). Bjornum2012:K6§2." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sixteen (quantity)", "en_short": "sixteen", "da": "seksten (antal)", "da_short": "seksten", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012:§6.4.7.1's cardinal-numeral list continues past 15 with '(arfersaneq) arfersanillit', and Bjornum2012:K6§2's own numeral table gives the identical form ('16 | (arfersaneq) arfersanillit').", "examples": [ { "surface": "arfersanilinnik ukioqarpoq", "natural": "he is sixteen years old (arfersanilinnik = instrumental plural, the non-metathesis oblique form)" }, { "surface": "ukiut arfersanillit", "natural": "sixteen years (arfersanillit = absolutive plural, the metathesis grammatical-case form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aqviqsanələk", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:arfersanillit#e1827", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfersanillit#e1798", "Katersat:lex_186405" ], "id": "arfersanillit", "category": "nouns" } ], "arfersaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sixteen (number) -- used only for counting; grammatically singular though the meaning is plural" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arfersaneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aqviqsanəq}N, derived (per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10]) from {aqvak}N ('edge of the hand', this repo's own arfak entry), similar to {aqvinəq}N ('six') -- but MOFO explicitly flags the source of the middle /qsa/ segment as unexplained, an open etymological question, not resolved here either. Same Cəq⇒qn/qŋ metathesis subtype as this batch's arfineq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sixteen (number)", "en_short": "sixteen", "da": "seksten (tal)", "da_short": "seksten", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012:§6.4.7.1's cardinal-numeral list continues past 15 with '(arfersaneq) arfersanillit; 17 arfersaneq-marluk...', and Bjornum2012:K6§2's own numeral table gives the identical form and the compound-numeral pattern (17-19 built on arfersaneq-N).", "examples": [ { "surface": "immikkoortut arfersarngat", "natural": "sixteenth chapter (literally 'the chapters' sixteenth'; arfersarngat = absolutive 3pl/sg possessive, the ordinal-number use)" }, { "surface": "arfersaneq-marluk", "natural": "seventeen (literally 'sixteen-two', built by suffixing a further cardinal numeral)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aqviqsanəq", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Katersat:lex_4615" ], "id": "arfersaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "arfeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "whale (a general term, used for any whale; specific species have their own names)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:arfeq:8f81c4dbdff7", "items": [ { "text": "whale (a general term, used for any whale; specific species have their own names)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:aqvəq", "Nielsen2012:§2.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:arfeq#e1014", "SchultzLorentzen1926:arfeq#e1950", "SchultzLorentzen1927:arfeq#e1950", "Oqaatsit1997:arfeq#e1822", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfeq#e1793", "Katersat:lex_4614" ], "rationale": "Kleinschmidt1871 e1014 explicitly describes arfeq as the general word for whale and contrasts it with a more specific whale term; SchultzLorentzen1926 e1950 gives ‘whale’. The parenthetical is a scope restriction/example of the one general category, not a second translation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arfeq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "whale", "da": "hval", "da_short": "hval", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hval", "singular_definite": "hvalen", "plural": "hvaler", "plural_definite": "hvalerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, and strongly: Nielsen2012 (§2.2's phonology note on the -rf- cluster, §4.1.4.2.5's 'Meget stærke nominer: -eq' paradigm table giving 'arfeq, hval, arferup, arferit, arfermik' verbatim-matching, and §7.1's irregular-noun index) and Bjornum2012 (K1§2's pronunciation note '[arf-feq]', and K4§2's own stem-type overview table, which groups arfeq with the NON-metathesis strong q-stems -- confirming MOFO's own 'Weakening' [not metathesis] declension-sandhi choice independently) all directly attest lexeme, gloss, and the arferup/arferit paradigm.", "examples": [ { "surface": "arfeq", "natural": "whale (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "arferup", "natural": "whale's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "arferit", "natural": "whales (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aqvəq", "Nielsen2012:§2.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:arfeq#e1014", "SchultzLorentzen1926:arfeq#e1950", "SchultzLorentzen1927:arfeq#e1950", "Oqaatsit1997:arfeq#e1822", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfeq#e1793", "Katersat:lex_4614", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77012" ], "id": "arfeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ataaseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "one (numeral); used for counting and telling time (for the ordinal 'first', see siulliq)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:ataaseq:244bfcd76d5f", "items": [ { "text": "one (numeral); used for counting and telling time (for the ordinal 'first', see siulliq)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:ataaseq#e1266", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ataaseq (atavoq)#e2420", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ataaseq (atavoq)#e2420", "Oqaatsit1997:ataaseq#e2181", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataaseq#e2142", "Katersat:lex_5887", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ataaseq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {atausiq}N, historically {?} + V{-usiq}N, with sandhi 'inherited from the right-most component, V{-usiq}N' (not independently modeled in this repo) -- the earlier annotation omitted the gemination {from,to} pair; Bjornum2012 independently confirms geminating declension ('Ataaseq har gemination (som alle ord paa -seq)') without itself naming a single clean from-consonant either.", "Inherently singular in meaning; used with plural endings only when referring to an inherently-plural noun (both MOFO and Bjornum2012 note this explicitly).", "Later rule review: Bjornum2012:K6§2 explicitly identifies ataaseq as a geminating -seq noun and gives ataatsip/ataatsit. Bjornum2012:K4§2e and Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 supply the closed-class consonant pattern; gemination s to ts is now declared from that paradigm, without altering the numeral or plural-scope restrictions." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ataaseq_exact_cardinal", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:ataaseq#e2181" ], "operator": { "type": "quantity", "target": "counted_nominal", "scope": "argument", "value": "exact cardinal quantity one in the numeral sense; ordinal 'first' is a separate lexeme", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:ataaseq#e2181" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one; used for counting and telling time", "en_short": "one (numeral)", "da": "en/et (tal)", "da_short": "en/et", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own irregular-noun index (§7.1) lists this stem with its own paradigm (ataaseq 'one, a single one, the same', with ataatsit/ataatsip/ataatsimik), and Bjornum2012 devotes a dedicated numeral table plus an explanatory note (K6§2) to it, independently confirming both the lexeme/meaning and the geminating paradigm this entry's pedagogy uses.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ataaseq", "natural": "one (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ataatsip", "natural": "one's (ergative/relative singular; Bjornum2012's own cited form)" }, { "surface": "ataatsit", "natural": "ones (absolutive plural; used e.g. with inherently-plural nouns)" }, { "surface": "ataatsimut", "natural": "at one o'clock (allative, telling time)" }, { "surface": "ataatsimik", "natural": "one (instrumentalis singular; Bjornum2012:K6§2; geminating -seq paradigm)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:ataaseq#e1266", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ataaseq (atavoq)#e2420", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ataaseq (atavoq)#e2420", "Oqaatsit1997:ataaseq#e2181", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataaseq#e2142", "Katersat:lex_5887", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3" ], "id": "ataaseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "annoraaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "anorak (a traditional Inuit over-coat; the loanword source of English 'anorak')" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annoraaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {atnura(j)aq}N: an unwritten historical consonant (recorded parenthetically as (j), same notation naaq uses) resurfaces and geminates to [cc] (spelt 'ss') under inflection -- the same inflection_sandhi:injection pattern as this repo's own naaq entry, and likewise with no historical source for the consonant per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's reconstructed {atnuraaq}.", "As with naaq, morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately NOT set: the citation form 'annoraaq' has no visible consonant to name as the 'from' segment.", "MOFO notes some older sources also allow declining this stem as an ordinary weak q-stem without gemination; only the geminating/injecting pattern (matching the independently-attested plural below) is modeled here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "anorak", "da": "anorak", "da_short": "anorak", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "anorak", "singular_definite": "anorakken", "plural": "anorakker", "plural_definite": "anorakkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own irregular-noun index (§7.1) lists 'annoraaq, anorak, annorassat' with the exact geminated plural MOFO's declension table gives, cross-referencing its own geminating-nominer table (§4.1.4.1.3) -- the same evidentiary pattern already used for this repo's amiq/taliq/ukaliq/naaq entries. Bjornum2012 independently attests the bare lexeme via a derived form (K9§6: annoraamineq, 'cloth, a piece of clothing', from annoraaq).", "examples": [ { "surface": "annoraaq", "natural": "anorak (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "annorassap", "natural": "anorak's (ergative singular; the unwritten (j) injects and geminates to [ss])" }, { "surface": "annorassat", "natural": "anoraks (absolutive plural; independently attested by Nielsen2012 §7.1)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:annoraaq#e811", "SchultzLorentzen1926:annoraaq#e1513", "SchultzLorentzen1927:annoraaq#e1513", "Oqaatsit1997:annoraaq#e1595", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annoraaq#e1566", "Katersat:lex_4089", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86539" ], "id": "annoraaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqqanillit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "eleven (quantity, e.g. of years, months, days); inherently plural, used only with plural endings (for the number, see aqqaneq)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:aqqanillit:aebb337890fd", "items": [ { "text": "eleven (quantity, e.g. of years, months, days); inherently plural, used only with plural endings (for the number, see aqqaneq)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:aqqanillit#e1761", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqanillit#e1731", "Katersat:lex_186407" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqanillit", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis_limited_to_ergative_and_plural", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {atqanələk}N, a combination of {atqanəq}N + N{-lək}N ('having eleven'); its own inflection sandhi is 'inherited from the right-most component, N{-lək}N' (not independently modeled in this repo) and co-lists 'Limited metathesis, Metathesis' as its two facet tags. No 'Inflection Declension pattern' table exists on this stem's own MOFO page (fully deferred to N{-lək}N); declension_class:up below is inferred by analogy with this repo's other Regular-k-stem entry (arfak), not directly stated on this page.", "'Limited metathesis' is chosen as the primary value (matching this repo's ivik entry, the first to populate metathesis_limited_to_ergative_and_plural) because Bjornum2012 independently describes exactly this grammatical/oblique-case contrast in its own words: -lik metathesizes in the grammatical cases (-llit) but not the oblique cases (arfinilinnik, aqqanilinnik, isikkanilinnik) -- though this stem, being plural-only, has no singular for the 'ergative and plural' label to literally apply to.", "Deconstruct target is compositional aqqaneq + N_lik_N + Abs/Rel.Pl (-llit); stem remains atomic for have-N / headword use. Engine Abs.Pl metathesis on -lik is the required consumer fix (api.oq.gl follow-up). Bjornum2012:K6§2." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "eleven (quantity)", "en_short": "eleven", "da": "elleve (antal)", "da_short": "elleve", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012 (§6.4.7.1's cardinal-numeral list: '10 qulit; 11 (aqqaneq) aqqanillit, (isikkaneq) isikkanillit; 12...') and Bjornum2012 (K6§2's numeral table, row 11: 'aqqanillit | aqqanilinnik | aqqaniliupput | de er elleve', plus its explanatory note on -lik's limited metathesis) independently attest the lexeme, meaning, and the specific grammatical/oblique-case metathesis contrast this entry models.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aqqanillit", "natural": "eleven (absolutive/relative plural, the citation/quantity form)" }, { "surface": "aqqanilinnik", "natural": "eleven (instrumental plural; oblique case, no metathesis -- Bjornum2012's own example, from 'ukioqarpoq aqqanilinnik', 'he's eleven years old')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§6.4.7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:aqqanillit#e1761", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqanillit#e1731", "Katersat:lex_186407" ], "id": "aqqanillit", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqqaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "eleven (number, used for counting and telling time; singular in form though the meaning is plural -- for the quantity, see aqqanillit)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:aqqaneq:eddfeb303e41", "items": [ { "text": "eleven (number, used for counting and telling time; singular in form though the meaning is plural -- for the quantity, see aqqanillit)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:aqqaneq#e1036", "Oqaatsit1997:aqqaneq#e1750", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqaneq#e1720", "Katersat:lex_4475" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqaneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {atqanəq}N. Per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, it derives from the directional root {atə}N ('area below', i.e. counting continues on the toes past ten) plus an unclear /qa/ segment; MOFO records this middle segment as unresolved, not modeled further here.", "MOFO's own metathesis subtype is 'Caeq⇒qn or qng' (aqqaneq -> aqqarngup/aqqarngit, with /qn/ optionally spelt 'rng' as a nasal uvular) -- a different realization from this repo's existing ateq (Caeq⇒Cq) and this batch's own aaveq (Ceq⇒rr) subtypes, but the same broad inflection_sandhi:metathesis value; the schema has no separate enum slot for the subtype, matching this repo's existing practice on ateq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "eleven (number)", "da": "elleve (tal)", "en_short": "eleven", "da_short": "elleve", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012's own irregular-noun index (§7.1: 'aqqaneq, elleve, aqqarngup -- §4.1.4.2.6') directly attests both the lexeme and the metathesized ergative form, and Bjornum2012 (K6§2) independently states the same singular-despite-plural-meaning fact MOFO records ('Arfineq, aqqaneq og isikkaneq er singularis... De kan ikke bruges til maengdeangivelse').", "examples": [ { "surface": "aqqaneq", "natural": "eleven (absolutive singular, the number)" }, { "surface": "aqqarngup", "natural": "eleven's (ergative singular; metathesized -- also cited by Nielsen2012 §7.1)" }, { "surface": "aqqanermut", "natural": "at 11 o'clock (allative, telling time; both MOFO's and Bjornum2012's own example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:aqqaneq#e1036", "Oqaatsit1997:aqqaneq#e1750", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqaneq#e1720", "Katersat:lex_4475" ], "id": "aqqaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "avataq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sealing bladder; sealskin float (an inflated sealskin used to keep prey from sinking)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "avataq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sealing bladder; sealskin float", "en_short": "sealing bladder", "da": "sælskindsflåd (oppustet sælskind)", "da_short": "sælskindsflåd", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "t", "to": "tt" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, and strongly: both Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.1.3's own 'svage, geminerende nominer' table: '-t- avataq, fangeblaere, avattap, avattat, avattamik') and Bjornum2012 (K4§2e's gemination table -- the same table already cited for this repo's amiq/taliq/ukaliq entries: 'avataq | fangeblaere | avattap | avattat | avattamik') give the identical paradigm this entry's pedagogy uses, directly confirming both the lexeme/meaning and the t/tt gemination.", "examples": [ { "surface": "avataq", "natural": "sealing bladder (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "avattap", "natural": "sealing bladder's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "avattat", "natural": "sealing bladders (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:avataq#e1521", "SchultzLorentzen1926:avataq (avat)#e2962", "SchultzLorentzen1927:avataq (avat)#e2962", "Oqaatsit1997:avataq#e2582", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avataq#e2524", "Katersat:lex_6042" ], "id": "avataq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aalisagaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fish (as animal / catch; general)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aalisagaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Pinned modern fish-house rows independently confirm the exact existing aalisakkerivik lexical example. The composition and fusion analysis remains grounded separately in the grammatical sources; the dictionary spelling does not independently establish a productive sandhi rule.", "#544 theme 2 shared base for the aalisakke* fish-plant cluster. Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.8.2.3 and Bjornum2012 K9§6 derive aalisakkerivoq / aalisakkerivik from this noun + ÷leri- (N_lire_Vb) with fusion on -aq bases (aalisagaq → aalisakkeri-). Prefer that composition over per-lemma dict_* roots.", "DISAMBIGUATION: not wallpaper aalisaq (nouns_mofo_derived.yaml). Not the fishing verb aalisar (this PR). Pilot aalisakke* bestPartial wrongly rode aalisaq + loanword verbaliser — reject for fish-plant glosses.", "MOFO's V{ðaq}N entry explicitly derives aalisagaq from aalisarpoq but calls it irregularly formed and lexicalized because aalisar is intransitive. Katersat lex_32204 lists both the lexical N analysis and aalisar+TAQ; retain the latter as historical/lexicalized structure, not a live parse that displaces this established noun (also independently listed with its geminating paradigm by Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012).", "Composition caveat: unlocking aalisakkerisoq / aalisakkerivik still needs the engine to apply Nielsen's -aq/-eq fusion for N_lire_Vb; stem alone is necessary but may not be sufficient until that sandhi is confirmed live." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fish", "da": "fisk", "da_short": "fisk", "en_short": "fish", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fisk", "singular_definite": "fisken", "plural": "fisk", "plural_definite": "fiskene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 / §7.1 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e give the geminating paradigm aalisagaq / aalisakkap / aalisakkat / aalisakkamik. Same g→kk shape as allagaq / iigaq in this file.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aalisagaq", "natural": "fish (absolutive singular; Oqaatsit1997:e78)" }, { "surface": "aalisakkap", "natural": "fish's (ergative singular; Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3)" }, { "surface": "aalisakkat", "natural": "fish (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "aalisakkerivoq", "natural": "he/she works with fish (this stem + N_lire_Vb with -aq fusion; Nielsen2012 §5.3.1.8.2.3; Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "aalisakkerivik", "natural": "fish house / fish plant (aalisakkeri- + place -vik; Nielsen2012)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalisakkerivik#e85", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalisakkerivik#e86", "Oqaatsit1997:aalisagaq#e78", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalisagaq#e79", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:aalisagaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aalisagaq", "Katersat:lex_32204", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42931" ], "id": "aalisagaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "alla": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "another; the other; a different one" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alla", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "HOMOGRAPH (distinct lexeme): not the verb stem allak 'to write' (verbs.yaml). Modern spelling collapses historical avdla (SchultzLorentzen / Kleinschmidt old orthography) with allak's surface family; sense and word-class separate them (dictionaries mark this headword as taggit / t).", "Host for allanngorpoq / allanngorneq ('become different' / 'change') via N_nnguq_Vb (+ optionally V_neq_N). Without this stem the engine oversegments allanngorpoq onto allak+V_nngu+… (write-stem false host).", "Vowel-final stem; Abs.pl allat, Rel.sg allap. Katersat FST pin alla+N+Abs+Sg (lex_2735 'another'; lex_150613 'stranger' is the same citation surface, second sense)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "another; the other; a different one", "en_short": "another", "da": "en anden; den anden", "da_short": "en anden", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently attested as a free dictionary headword across Kleinschmidt1871, SchultzLorentzen1926/27, Ordbogi1977, Oqaatsit1997, Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG 2018, and Katersat — admission bar for #617 (not katersat-only).", "examples": [ { "surface": "alla", "natural": "another / the other (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "allat", "natural": "others (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "allanngorpoq", "natural": "it changes / becomes different (alla + N_nnguq_Vb; Nielsen2012 §5.3.2 illustration family)" }, { "surface": "allanngorneq", "natural": "change; transformation (alla + N_nnguq_Vb + V_neq_N; event reading per #616/#761; Oqaatsit1997:allanngorneq#e1018; Katersat:lex_2441)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:alla#e1586", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alla#e3071", "SchultzLorentzen1927:alla#e3071", "Ordbogi1977:alla#e444", "Oqaatsit1997:alla#e945", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alla#e931", "Katersat:lex_2735" ], "id": "alla", "category": "nouns" } ], "allagaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "letter (mail); in older usage only plural even for a single letter, but singular in modern usage", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:allagaq:f1075747ffb7", "items": [ { "text": "letter (mail); in older usage only plural even for a single letter, but singular in modern usage", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§8.8", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:allakkat#e18", "AITWG-Affixes:p.13", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Katersat:lex_2745" ], "rationale": "Kleinschmidt1871 e18 distinguishes senses of the plural citation form, including ‘a letter’; Katersat lex_2745 records the modern lexeme. Here the semicolon contrasts historical plural-only usage with current singular usage for one item; it is a usage note, not an alternative gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allagaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {anglagaq}N, the passive-participle formation {anglak}V ('write') + V{-thaq}N -- but MOFO flags this specific combination as non-standardly formed: V{-thaq}N has attached to the stem's final consonant (giving /g/) rather than removing it as the modern rule would, 'more common with old combinations'.", "AITWG:§8.8, Aside 8.3, explicitly names allagaq among lexicalised -gaq formations and prints plural allakkat. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 places -gaq stems in the weak geminating class: the final consonant deletes outside absolutive singular, but vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. Universal aq deletion would additionally consume the retained a, contradicting that class rule. The MOFO inheritance proposal remains unreviewed for other aq-deleting affixation; it is not encoded as a general vowel-ending rule. No unattested possessive gold or productive historical decomposition is added." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "letter (mail); older usage was plural-only, now also singular", "en_short": "letter (mail)", "da": "brev", "da_short": "brev", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "brev", "singular_definite": "brevet", "plural": "breve", "plural_definite": "brevene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: AITWG-Affixes itself (p.13, footnote 1) names this exact stem as a worked example of V{-thaq}N's lexicalization ('{aglak}V (A writes P) ... lexicalised form allagaq (letter)'); Nielsen2012 (§5.3.1.4.2: 'allakkat, brev (sg. allagaq); allagarsivoq, han har faaet brev') and Bjornum2012 (K9§6, twice: 'allakkerivoq ... (allakkat, sg.: allagaq)' and 'allagarsivoq ... (allagakkat, sg.: allagaq)') both independently confirm the lexeme, meaning, and g/kk geminated plural.", "examples": [ { "surface": "allagaq", "natural": "letter (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "allakkap", "natural": "letter's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "allakkat", "natural": "letters (absolutive plural; independently attested by Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§8.8", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:allakkat#e18", "AITWG-Affixes:p.13", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Katersat:lex_2745", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43288" ], "id": "allagaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ila": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "part; member (of a larger whole, of Possessor); companion, one's own kind (with 1st/2nd/4th person possessor)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:ila:81600440b894", "items": [ { "text": "part; member (of a larger whole, of Possessor); companion, one's own kind (with 1st/2nd/4th person possessor)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.6", "Bjornum2012:K6§10", "Kleinschmidt1871:ila#e2046", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ila#e4097", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ila#e4097", "Oqaatsit1997:ila#e3784", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ila#e3652", "Katersat:lex_43800", "Oqaatsit1997:ila#e3785", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ila#e3653" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ila", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Almost always used with a possessive ending (Bjornum2012:K6§10: 'kun med possessive endelser eller affikser'); meaning shifts with possessor number/person: 3sg possessor -> 'part/a part of it', 3pl possessor -> 'one/some of them', 1st/2nd/4th person possessor -> 'companion(s)/the other(s)'." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "part; member; companion, one's own kind", "en_short": "part", "da": "del; medlem (af en større helhed)", "da_short": "del", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Bjornum2012 devotes a full dedicated section (K6§10, titled simply 'ILA') to this exact stem, and Nielsen2012:§6.4.6 ('Partitive udtryk') independently glosses it 'del, ledsager' (part, companion) -- matching MOFO's own gloss directly, not just incidental example use.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nunap ilaa", "natural": "a part of the country (3sg/sg possessive)" }, { "surface": "qimmima ilaat toquvoq", "natural": "one of my dogs died (3pl/sg possessive as subject)" }, { "surface": "naak ilakka?", "natural": "where are my companions/the others? (1sg/pl possessive)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§6.4.6", "Bjornum2012:K6§10", "Kleinschmidt1871:ila#e2046", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ila#e4097", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ila#e4097", "Oqaatsit1997:ila#e3784", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ila#e3652", "Katersat:lex_43800", "Oqaatsit1997:ila#e3785", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ila#e3653" ], "id": "ila", "category": "nouns" } ], "imaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sea; content(s) (of Possessor)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "imaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012's own gloss pairs both senses directly ('imaq, hav, indhold', §7.1), matching MOFO's own two-meanings-one-historic-form analysis rather than Schultz-Lorentzen 1958's outlier claim of two distinct forms ima/imaq -- not independently corroborated either way, so not asserted here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sea; content(s) (of the owner)", "en_short": "sea", "da": "hav; indhold", "da_short": "hav", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "m", "to": "mm" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imaq", "natural": "sea; contents (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "immap", "natural": "sea's / contents' (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "immat", "natural": "seas / contents (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1", "Kleinschmidt1871:imaq#e2326", "SchultzLorentzen1926:imaq#e4773", "SchultzLorentzen1927:imaq#e4773", "Oqaatsit1997:imaq#e4345", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imaq#e4224", "Katersat:lex_40527", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43510", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.59371" ], "id": "imaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqaluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "arctic char; trout" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqaluk", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO also records a rare, minority p-declined weak-k-stem variant with gemination (l=>ll: eqallup/eqallut), attributed only to Ordbogeeraq 1967; not modeled here since only the regular up-declined pattern is independently attested. Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1's own citation ('eqaluk, ørred; eqalliaq, en der fisker ørred') confirms the lexeme and gloss directly but doesn't show inflected forms, so morphology_class below cross-references MOFO for the declension pattern itself." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "arctic char; trout", "en_short": "arctic char", "da": "fjeldørred", "da_short": "fjeldørred", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fjeldørred", "singular_definite": "fjeldørreden", "plural": [ "fjeldørreder", "fjeldørred" ], "plural_definite": "fjeldørrederne" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen supplies independent grammatical lexical corroboration; modern paired dictionary rows separately attest arctic char/trout, and Klein explicitly gives plural eqaluit. The minority geminating variant remains source-specific and unmodeled; do not describe the current lexical support as Nielsen alone.", "examples": [ { "surface": "eqaluk", "natural": "arctic char / trout (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "eqaluup", "natural": "arctic char's / trout's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "eqaluit", "natural": "arctic char / trout (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1", "MOFO:iqaluk", "Kleinschmidt1871:eqaluk#e1607", "SchultzLorentzen1926:eqaluk#e3152", "SchultzLorentzen1927:eqaluk#e3152", "Oqaatsit1997:eqaluk#e2881", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqaluk#e2771", "Katersat:lex_6396", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57691" ], "id": "eqaluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "erneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "son" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Weakening here is q=>r before a vowel-initial ending (erneq -> ernerup/ernerit), per both MOFO and Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5's own 'meget stærke nominer: -eq' class, which independently names exactly this retain-and-weaken pattern for erneq. A new stem_type/inflection_sandhi combination for this repo: uvular_weakening_stem was previously only paired with inflection_sandhi:metathesis (ateq); erneq is the first pairing with inflection_sandhi:weakening.", "Irregular absolutive 4sg/sg 'erni' (N{-i}, dropping /eq/ entirely) is independently attested by both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "son", "da": "søn", "da_short": "søn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "søn", "singular_definite": "sønnen", "plural": "sønner", "plural_definite": "sønnerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Unusually strongly corroborated: Bjornum2012 uses erneq as its own canonical strong-q-stem paradigm example throughout Kap. 4 and gives it a full dedicated inflection table (K8§2, Bøjningseksempel 100).", "examples": [ { "surface": "erneq", "natural": "son (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ernerup", "natural": "son's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "ernerit", "natural": "sons (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "erni", "natural": "his (own) son (absolutive 4th person singular/singular possessive)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. erneq", "Bøjningseksempel 100", "Kleinschmidt1871:erneq#e1734", "SchultzLorentzen1926:erneq#e3468", "SchultzLorentzen1927:erneq#e3468", "Oqaatsit1997:erneq#e3158", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erneq#e3063", "Katersat:lex_7042", "Oqaatsit1997:erni#e3184", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erni#e3085", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43535" ], "id": "erneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ernutaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "grandchild" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ernutaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Weak aq-stem with inflectional Flexionsgemination. Katersat:lex_7063 marks 'utt'; Bjornum2012:K4§2e lists all -utaq nouns as geminating (t→tt). Modeled as uvular_deleting_stem / declension_class:p / strength:weak with gemination:{from:t,to:tt} — same closed -utaq class as ilaqutaq / najoqqutaq / nalunaaqutaq (docs/investigations/morphophonology/flexionsgemination-uvular.md; issue #748). Uvular deletion before vowel-initial affixes yields ernutannguaq (ernutaq + N_nnguaq_N) and possessed ernutannguara.", "Dialect/allomorph erngutaq (Kleinschmidt1871:ernutaq#e1752 'prov. erngutaq'; Ordbogi1977:ernutaq#e1574 'naleqq erngutaq'; Bjornum2012:K1§2 'erngutaq … (= ernutaq)'; Oqaatsit1997:erngutaq#e3181). Recorded as a note only — not a second stem id.", "Soft (prior PIN / Counterbot on #836 tip): Oqaatsit1997:erngutaq#e3182 also glosses dialect erngutaq as Danish nevø / niece. That sense belongs on the erngutaq allomorph note only — never promote nephew/niece into ernutaq plain_gloss.en / en_short (grandchild stays primary). Reverse-dict nephew/niece paths likewise must not win the short EN for this stem id.", "Primary plain_gloss is gender-neutral (DA barnebarn / EN grandchild). Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ernutaq#e3102 (and MOFO E_Sheet1_350) taggit 'grandson' is a known ENG-only narrowing and must not win plain_gloss.en. Sex-specific readings are compositional/periphrastic (Bugge1960), not a separate headword gloss of ernutaq.", "Bugge1960 lists ernutaq under all four sex-specific Danish headwords — sønnesøn (ernutaq, ernerup ernera), sønnedatter (ernutaq, ernerup pania), dattersøn (ernutaq, paniata ernera), datterdatter (ernutaq, paniata pania) — showing the lexeme is used across sexes, with optional periphrases when sex must be named. Soft caveat: Bugge1960's generic barnebarn row (#e1856) lists only erngutaq, not ernutaq; that row is not cited as a primary claim for this stem id." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grandchild", "da": "barnebarn", "en_short": "grandchild", "da_short": "barnebarn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "barnebarn", "singular_definite": "barnebarnet", "plural": "børnebørn", "plural_definite": "børnebørnene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "t", "to": "tt" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Affectionate ernutannguaq / possessed ernutannguara ('my dear little grandchild') — the Misiliineq witness surface. Sex-specific needs Bugge's periphrases (ernerup ernera / ernerup pania / paniata …), not a gendered primary gloss. Independently corroborated by Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Kleinschmidt1871 / Katersat (grandchild/barnebarn) plus Bugge1960's four sex-specific rows.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ernutaq", "natural": "grandchild (absolutive singular; gender-neutral)" }, { "surface": "ernuttat", "natural": "grandchildren (absolutive plural; -utaq Flexionsgemination t→tt)" }, { "surface": "ernutannguaq", "natural": "dear little grandchild (ernutaq + N_nnguaq_N; affectionate)" }, { "surface": "ernutannguara", "natural": "my dear little grandchild (ernutannguaq + Abs 1sg/sg possessed; Misiliineq witness Ernutannguara)" }, { "surface": "ernerup ernera", "natural": "son's son (Bugge1960:sønnesøn periphrasis; sex-specific reading of ernutaq)" }, { "surface": "ernerup pania", "natural": "son's daughter (Bugge1960:sønnedatter periphrasis)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:ernutaq#e3495", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ernutaq#e3495", "Oqaatsit1997:ernutaq#e3200", "Oqaatsit1997:erngutaq#e3182", "Kleinschmidt1871:ernutaq#e1752", "Katersat:lex_7063", "Bugge1960:sønnesøn#e33829", "Bugge1960:sønnedatter#e33826", "Bugge1960:dattersøn#e4574", "Bugge1960:datterdatter#e4572", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ernutaq#e3102", "Bjornum2012:K1§2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Oqaatsit1997:erngutaq#e3181", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erngutaq#e3083", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71921" ], "id": "ernutaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "isuma": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mind; thought; intention, (own) accord; meaning", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:isuma:6aac33849d3f", "items": [ { "text": "mind; thought; intention, (own) accord; meaning", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:isuma#e2811", "SchultzLorentzen1926:isuma#e5720", "SchultzLorentzen1927:isuma#e5720", "Oqaatsit1997:isuma#e5279", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isuma#e5141", "Katersat:lex_161104", "Oqaatsit1997:isuma#e5280", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isuma#e5142", "Petersen1967:isuma#e2711" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isuma", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "First vowel_final_stem entry in this repo to co-occur with inflection_sandhi:geminating -- illu/nuna/siku/ila (this repo's other vowel_final_stem entries) are all inflection_sandhi:none. Both Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.1.3's own 'svage, geminerende nominer' list) and Bjornum2012 (K4§2/K4§2e, explicitly parenthesized '(med gemination)' among the vowel stems) independently corroborate this irregular pairing directly, not just the bare lexeme.", "FST pin (issue #516, lex_161104): intended analysis is isuma+N+Abs+Sg. Competing isoq/isu Rel+1SgPoss lines are possessed forms that can surface as isuma -- inflectional lookalikes, not another sense of 'mind'. Modeled sense isolated; entry preserved.", "Execution checkpoint: inspected oq-api fc4e5097 (0.4.25) returns unflagged isumap/isumat/isumamik for the cited isummap/isummat/isummamik cells. Both original grammars explicitly support the stored vowel-final geminating rule. Preserve that rule; do not remove m-to-mm gemination to fit these failed projections. No new gold or general execution claim is admitted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mind; thought; intention, (own) accord; meaning", "en_short": "mind", "da": "sind; tanke; hensigt; betydning", "da_short": "sind", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p", "gemination": { "from": "m", "to": "mm" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isuma", "natural": "mind; thought; meaning (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "isummap", "natural": "mind's / meaning's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "isumaqarpunga", "natural": "I think (so); I have a mind/opinion (isuma + N{-qaq}V + IND.1sg) -- an extremely common combination in both independent sources" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:isuma#e2811", "SchultzLorentzen1926:isuma#e5720", "SchultzLorentzen1927:isuma#e5720", "Oqaatsit1997:isuma#e5279", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isuma#e5141", "Katersat:lex_161104", "Oqaatsit1997:isuma#e5280", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isuma#e5142", "Petersen1967:isuma#e2711" ], "id": "isuma", "category": "nouns" } ], "isigak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "foot; (archaic, per MOFO) toe", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:isigak:527f9f2cb40e", "items": [ { "text": "foot; (archaic, per MOFO) toe", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:isigak#e2776", "SchultzLorentzen1926:isigak (isi)#e5654", "SchultzLorentzen1927:isigak (isi)#e5654", "Oqaatsit1997:isigak#e5092", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isigak#e4968", "Katersat:lex_34419" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isigak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Independent sources (Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3/§7.1's own paradigm, Bjornum2012 K4§2e's identical table, and Bjornum2012 K6§2's etymological aside on the numeral 'isikkaneq') all gloss this stem as 'fod' (foot) only -- matching MOFO's modern/plural-generalized sense. MOFO's primary-listed 'toe' sense (said by MOFO itself to be non-productive today) has no independent corroboration found and is recorded only as MOFO's own additional gloss." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "foot; (older sources) toe", "en_short": "foot", "da": "fod; (gammeldags) tå", "da_short": "fod", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isigak", "natural": "foot (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "isikkap", "natural": "foot's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "isikkat", "natural": "feet (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "isi(ga)mmippaa", "natural": "he kicks it (isigak + a verbalising affix + transitive 3sg/3sg; Nielsen2012's own parenthetical notation for an optional elided syllable)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:isigak#e2776", "SchultzLorentzen1926:isigak (isi)#e5654", "SchultzLorentzen1927:isigak (isi)#e5654", "Oqaatsit1997:isigak#e5092", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isigak#e4968", "Katersat:lex_34419" ], "id": "isigak", "category": "nouns" } ], "illeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sleeping platform (in a traditional house)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illeq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sleeping platform (in a traditional house)", "da": "briks (sovebriks i et traditionelt hus)", "da_short": "briks", "en_short": "sleeping platform", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "briks", "singular_definite": "briksen", "plural": "brikse", "plural_definite": "briksene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5 ('Meget stærke nominer: -eq') gives the identical paradigm illeq/illerup/illerit/illermik (weakening, up-declined strong q-stem); Bjornum2012:K4§2b's own 'stærk q-stamme' paragraph lists illeq ('briks') alongside arfeq/kalleq/nerleq as members of the same class. Not to be confused with killeq ('border, edge'), a different lexeme already covered elsewhere in this repo (N-lleq spatial-comparative affix family).", "examples": [ { "surface": "illeq", "natural": "sleeping platform (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "illerup", "natural": "sleeping platform's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "illerit", "natural": "sleeping platforms (ergative plural)" }, { "surface": "illermik", "natural": "sleeping-platform (instrumental singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2b", "Kleinschmidt1871:illeq#e1839", "SchultzLorentzen1926:illeq#e3678", "SchultzLorentzen1927:illeq#e3678", "Oqaatsit1997:illeq#e4075", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illeq#e3960", "Katersat:lex_34130", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86079" ], "id": "illeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "iigaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wall (interior wall panelling, or turf outer-wall covering, of a house)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:iigaq:7b62b807e6dd", "items": [ { "text": "wall (interior wall panelling, or turf outer-wall covering, of a house)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "SchultzLorentzen1926:iigaq#e3624", "SchultzLorentzen1927:iigaq#e3624", "Oqaatsit1997:iigaq#e3562", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iigaq#e3418", "Katersat:lex_33985" ], "rationale": "SchultzLorentzen1926 e3624 gives ‘wall covering; panel’ and SchultzLorentzen1927 e3624 gives ‘wall covering; wainscot’. The parenthetical gives the two constructional realizations of the same wall covering; retain this as one definition, not a list of selectable senses." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iigaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wall", "da": "væg (indervæg eller tørvevæg)", "da_short": "væg", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "væg", "singular_definite": "væggen", "plural": "vægge", "plural_definite": "væggene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 ('Svage, geminerende nominer') and Bjornum2012:K4§2e both give the identical paradigm iigaq/iikkap/iikkat/iikkamik. This repo's own denominal_verbs.yaml already cites Nielsen2012's iigaq example in an affix's pedagogy; this entry is the first bare-stem modeling of the lexeme itself.", "examples": [ { "surface": "iigaq", "natural": "wall (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "iikkap", "natural": "wall's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "iikkat", "natural": "walls (ergative plural)" }, { "surface": "iikkamik", "natural": "wall (instrumental singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "SchultzLorentzen1926:iigaq#e3624", "SchultzLorentzen1927:iigaq#e3624", "Oqaatsit1997:iigaq#e3562", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iigaq#e3418", "Katersat:lex_33985", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40576" ], "id": "iigaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kanajoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "arctic sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius); a bottom-dwelling fish" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "search_forms": [ "kanajoq", "kanioq" ], "underlying_form": "kanajoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Ordbogi1977 explicitly cross-references kanioq to kanajoq; paired modern rows attest the same fish sense. Retain kanioq as a lexical variant lookup and exact example, without transferring the canonical stem alternations to that written variant.", "Nielsen prints kanajok while Bjornum and the exact paired modern rows print kanajoq. Preserve that source spelling difference without guessing its cause or applying a generic k/q normalization. The canonical owner and existing kanioq lookup remain unchanged." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "arctic sculpin; a bottom-dwelling fish", "en_short": "arctic sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius)", "da": "ulk (bundlevende fisk)", "da_short": "ulk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ulk", "singular_definite": "ulken", "plural": "ulke", "plural_definite": "ulkene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ss" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by two sources with a fully matching paradigm: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e (table row 'kanajoq | ulk | kanassup | kanassut | kanassumik').", "examples": [ { "surface": "kanioq", "natural": "arctic sculpin" }, { "surface": "kanajoq", "natural": "arctic sculpin (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kanassup", "natural": "arctic sculpin's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "kanassut", "natural": "arctic sculpins (ergative plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Ordbogi1977:kanioq#e3115", "Oqaatsit1997:kanioq#e5938", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kanioq#e5696", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:kanajoq#e4211", "Oqaatsit1997:kanajoq#e5901", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kanajoq#e5667", "Katersat:lex_9264", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65510" ], "id": "kanajoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kalleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "thunder" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kalleq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thunder", "da": "torden", "da_short": "torden", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "torden", "singular_definite": "tordenen", "plural": "tordener", "plural_definite": "tordenerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5 gives the identical paradigm kalleq/kallerup/kallerit/kallermik; Bjornum2012:K4§2b's 'stærk q-stamme' paragraph lists kalleq ('torden') among the same declension class as illeq/arfeq/nerleq.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kalleq", "natural": "thunder (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kallerup", "natural": "thunder's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "kallerit", "natural": "thunders (ergative plural)" }, { "surface": "kallermik", "natural": "thunder (instrumental singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2b", "Kleinschmidt1871:kalleq#e4069", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kalleq#e8196", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kalleq#e8196", "Oqaatsit1997:kalleq#e5844", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kalleq#e5606", "Katersat:lex_9011", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.54720" ], "id": "kalleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaffi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "coffee (Danish loanword, Greenlandised vowel-final shape; as prepared drink)", "semantic_tags": [ "loanword" ], "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:kaffi:b46b96097a54", "items": [ { "text": "coffee (Danish loanword, Greenlandised vowel-final shape; as prepared drink)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaffi#e5493", "Oqaatsit1997:kaffi#e5695", "Katersat:lex_8646" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaffi", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final loanword host (same class as this repo's biili/palasi/juulli). Katersat's own lexicon has two kaffi rows (lex_8646 with english 'coffee', lex_260037 without); the Oqaatsit1997 headword below ('kaffe (som færdig drik)', as prepared drink) is the sense that hosts kaffillerpoq ('serves coffee')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "coffee", "da": "kaffe", "da_short": "kaffe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kaffe", "singular_definite": "kaffen", "plural": "kaffer", "plural_definite": "kafferne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kaffi", "natural": "coffee (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaffi#e5493", "Oqaatsit1997:kaffi#e5695", "Katersat:lex_8646", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43580" ], "id": "kaffi", "category": "nouns" } ], "kina": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "semantic_tags": [ "interrogative_na" ], "meaning": "who (interrogative pronoun, used to inquire about persons)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:kina:a4c1b5615bd6", "items": [ { "text": "who (interrogative pronoun, used to inquire about persons)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§5c", "AITWG:§16.4", "Oqaatsit1997:kina#e6395", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kina#e6132", "Kleinschmidt1871:kina#e4349" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ki", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.4 describes the plural oblique alternate as kikkun, while Nielsen describes additive endings on kikku(t). Exact written forms are retained with both source analyses; no new free kikkun noun or unrestricted allomorph map is inferred.", "AITWG Figure 16.3 gives no singular equative, whereas existing Nielsen/Bjørnum evidence gives kinatut. Preserve the source disagreement. Interrogative kimik is distinct from the strength noun; China and the Kleinschmidt continuation row are not this lexical sense.", "Highly irregular, suppletive-like paradigm on the bound root {ki}: absolutive singular takes {na} (-> kina), ergative singular takes {a} (-> kia), and both absolutive and ergative plural share {kkut} (-> kikkut). The oblique-case singular endings attach additively and regularly to ki- (kimik, kimut, kimit, kimi), and the oblique-case plural endings attach additively to the plural base kikkut- (kikkunnik, kikkunnut, etc.) -- per Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.4's own description ('de oblikke kasusendelser er additive og føjes til ki* (sing.) og kikku(t)* (plur.)').", "declension_class is set to 'none' rather than 'p' here: MOFO's own page nominally tags this stem 'p-declined', but the actual ERG.sg/PL markers (kia, kikkut) bear no resemblance to the ordinary p-class -p/-t endings, so 'p' would misrepresent the real paradigm; 'none' better matches this schema's own stated definition for an unpredictable/non-standard pattern.", "Equalis singular discrepancy: both Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.4's own table and Bjornum2012:K4§5c's Skema 63 independently give 'kinatut' as the equalis singular ('as/like whom') -- but MOFO's own page instead records this cell as nonexistent ('-'). A real, sourced disagreement, not resolved here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "who (asking about a person)", "da": "hvem", "da_short": "hvem", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Extremely well corroborated: Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.4 and Bjornum2012:K4§5c (Skema 63) each give a full declension table matching each other and closely matching this entry's own paradigm, down to Bjornum's own note that 'relativ kia and kiap can be used interchangeably' echoing this repo's/MOFO's shared observation about a pleonastic kiap variant.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kina", "natural": "who? (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kia", "natural": "who (ergative singular; subject or possessor)" }, { "surface": "kikkut", "natural": "who (absolutive/ergative plural; also vialis singular in AITWG Figure 16.3)" }, { "surface": "kimut", "natural": "to whom (allative singular)" }, { "surface": "kinatut", "natural": "as/like whom (equalis singular; Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 both attest this, though MOFO's own page claims this cell doesn't exist -- see notes)" }, { "surface": "kimik", "natural": "concerning whom (singular; interrogative sense)" }, { "surface": "kikkunnik", "natural": "concerning whom (plural)" }, { "surface": "kikkunnut", "natural": "to whom (plural)" }, { "surface": "kimit", "natural": "from whom (singular)" }, { "surface": "kikkunnit", "natural": "from whom (plural)" }, { "surface": "kimi", "natural": "at/with whom (singular)" }, { "surface": "kikkunni", "natural": "at/with whom (plural)" }, { "surface": "kikkutigut", "natural": "through whom (plural)" }, { "surface": "kikkutut", "natural": "like whom (plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§5c", "AITWG:§16.4", "Oqaatsit1997:kina#e6395", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kina#e6132", "Kleinschmidt1871:kina#e4349" ], "id": "kina", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiasik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shoulder blade" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiasik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own detail page tags this stem's stem_type as 'Weak q-stem' (with the /q/-final tooltip description), but its own morphemic form {kiasək}N and its own declension table both show a /k/-final stem (ABS.sg kiasik, not *kiasiq) -- the same shape as this repo's own kikiak/kujak siblings, both of which MOFO correctly tags 'Weak k-stem'. Treated here as a probable labeling slip on that one MOFO page; modeled as a weak k-stem (velar_metathesizing_stem) to match the stem's actual final consonant.", "FST pin (issue #516, lex_9985): intended analysis is kiasik+N+Abs+Sg. Competing kiak+N+Abs+Pl+4PlPoss is an inflectional lookalike. The verb kiak 'be warm' (kiappoq) in stems/verbs.yaml is a different word. Modeled sense isolated; entry preserved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shoulder blade", "da": "skulderblad", "da_short": "skulderblad", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skulderblad", "singular_definite": "skulderbladet", "plural": "skulderblade", "plural_definite": "skulderbladene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§7.1's own irregular-noun index: 'kiasik, skulderblad, kiatsi/kiatini/kiasini' -- confirming the lexeme, gloss, and the kiatsi- consonant-initial stem shape (matching MOFO's own kiatsip/kiatsit). Single-source corroboration (no Bjornum2012 hit found).", "examples": [ { "surface": "kiasik", "natural": "shoulder blade (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kiatsip", "natural": "shoulder blade's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "kiatsit", "natural": "shoulder blades (ergative plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiasik#e5897", "Katersat:lex_9985", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kiasik#e8770", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kiasik#e8770", "Oqaatsit1997:kiasik#e6151", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67922" ], "id": "kiasik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiinaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "face (of a person); also, in older sources, the edge of a sharp tool", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:kiinaq:e5df86d246ee", "items": [ { "text": "face (of a person); also, in older sources, the edge of a sharp tool", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:kiinni#e6247", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiinni#e5990", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:kiinaq#e4482", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kiinaq#e9034", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kiinaq#e9034", "Oqaatsit1997:kiinaq#e6236", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiinaq#e5979", "Katersat:lex_8176" ], "rationale": "No source YAML change is proposed; retain the complete raw meaning. If structured annotations are added later, preserve the exact row citations and represent the indicated relation explicitly." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "search_forms": [ "kiinaq", "kiinni" ], "underlying_form": "kiinaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Oqaatsit1997 explicitly cross-references kiinni to kiinaq and the English row gives his/her own face. This independently attests the possessed surface, without establishing an ending decomposition, productive special paradigm or archaic/current register.", "MOFO describes kiinni as a special archaic absolutive fourth-person possessed form. Independent dictionary rows now confirm the own-face surface; the archaic register, productive special ending and computed gemination remain source-scoped MOFO claims rather than newly admitted rules." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "face; also, in older sources, the edge of a sharp tool", "en_short": "face (of a person)", "da": "ansigt", "da_short": "ansigt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ansigt", "singular_definite": "ansigtet", "plural": "ansigter", "plural_definite": "ansigterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "n", "to": "nn" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3/§7.1 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e both give the identical paradigm kiinaq/kiinnap/kiinnat/kiinnamik.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kiinni", "natural": "his/her own face" }, { "surface": "kiinaq", "natural": "face (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kiinnap", "natural": "face's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "kiinnat", "natural": "faces (ergative plural)" }, { "surface": "kiinnamik", "natural": "face (instrumental singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kiinni#e6247", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiinni#e5990", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:kiinaq#e4482", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kiinaq#e9034", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kiinaq#e9034", "Oqaatsit1997:kiinaq#e6236", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiinaq#e5979", "Katersat:lex_8176", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44263" ], "id": "kiinaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kikiak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nail; tack; bolt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kikiak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The geminating consonant is an unwritten historical reflex (MOFO records the morphemic form as {kəkijak}N, with the /j/ never surfacing except as gemination under inflection) -- not visible anywhere in the citation form 'kikiak' itself, similar in kind to this repo's own naaq entry, though MOFO's own page tags this stem's declension sandhi plainly 'Geminating' rather than singling it out as 'Injection', so inflection_sandhi:geminating (not :injection) is asserted here, matching MOFO's own facet choice." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nail; tack; bolt", "en_short": "nail", "da": "søm; stift; bolt", "da_short": "søm", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ss" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3/§7.1 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e both give the identical paradigm kikiak/kikissap/kikissat/kikissamik.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kikiak", "natural": "nail (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kikissap", "natural": "nail's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "kikissat", "natural": "nails (ergative plural)" }, { "surface": "kikissamik", "natural": "nail (instrumental singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:kikiak#e4431", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kikiak#e8908", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kikiak#e8908", "Oqaatsit1997:kikiak#e6263", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kikiak#e6005", "Katersat:lex_10326" ], "id": "kikiak", "category": "nouns" } ], "manna": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "this (here/now); proximal demonstrative pronoun/adverbial root" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mat", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_DEM_EXCL_A": "massa", "DEM_ABS_SG": "manna", "DEM_ABS_PL": "makku", "DEM_ERG_SG": "matuma", "DEM_ERG_PL": "makkua", "DEM_INS_SG": "matuminnga", "DEM_INS_PL": "makkuninnga", "DEM_LOC_SG": "matumani", "DEM_LOC_PL": "makkunani", "DEM_ALL_SG": "matumunnga", "DEM_ALL_PL": "makkununnga", "DEM_ABL_SG": "matumannga", "DEM_ABL_PL": "makkunannga", "DEM_VIA_SG": "matumuuna", "DEM_VIA_PL": [ "makkunuuna", "makkunatigut" ], "DEM_EQU_SG": "matumatut", "DEM_EQU_PL": [ "makkunatut", "makkuatut" ], "DEM_ADV_LOC": "maani", "DEM_ADV_ALL": "maanga", "DEM_ADV_ABL": "maannga", "DEM_ADV_VIA": "maana" }, "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "Canonical ordinary case and adverb slots refine this existing mat-root owner. Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 53 prints plural vialis makkunuuna/makkunatigut and equative makku(n)atut; the section states no meaning difference with/without equative n. Visual inspection of primary PDF page 105 (printed 107) corrected the earlier dropped-n transcription. Anaphoric alternatives remain separate.", "AITWG:§15.3 separates the adverbial mat→ma and tamat→tama forms from the pronominal stem in §15.4; vialis maana/tamaana undergoes the source-described vowel reduction. Do not apply this t-loss to every demonstrative-pronoun form.", "Bound demonstrative root {mat}, one of Kleinschmidt's closed class of 'pegeord' (pointing-words) per Nielsen2012:§4.2 -- an unproductive word class with its own dedicated case endings, distinct from ordinary nominal declension. Absolutive singular manna, ergative singular matuma (an alternative massuma-type form with /ss/ instead of /t/ is also independently attested by Bjornum2012's own K4§5b note), absolutive/ergative plural makku/makkua. The anaphoric-prefixed series (tamanna, tamatuma, tamakku, tamakkua, per Nielsen2012's own table) is not modeled as a separate entry here.", "First real-data population of morphology_class.stem_type:demonstrative_root_stem and morphology_class.declension_class:demonstrative (both previously 0/44 populated per docs/reference/linguistics/aitwg-rule-compliance-audit.md, which specifically calls out declension_class:demonstrative's untested oq mapping as SG-4-adjacent and recommends closing it 'only with a real demonstrative entry to test against')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "this (here/now)", "en_short": "this (here/now)", "da": "denne/dette (her/nu)", "da_short": "denne/dette", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated with a full matching declension table in two sources: Nielsen2012:§4.2.1's own demonstrative-pronoun table (row 'Denne, dette (hos mig)': manna/matuma, makku/makkua) and Bjornum2012:K4§5b's Skema 53 ('Demonstrativt pronomen: manna'), which additionally confirms the vialis singular matumuuna ('hereby') already used in this entry's own pedagogy. Nielsen2012:§6.6.2 independently supplies a real running-text example of the temporal sense.", "examples": [ { "surface": "manna", "natural": "this (here) (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "matuma", "natural": "of this (ergative/possessor singular)" }, { "surface": "makkua", "natural": "of these (ergative/possessor plural)" }, { "surface": "matumuuna", "natural": "hereby; through this (vialis singular)" }, { "surface": "aasaq manna Kalaallit Nunaannut aallassaaq", "natural": "this (coming) summer he will travel to Greenland (Nielsen2012:§6.6.2's own example; manna used temporally, 'this/now')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1", "Nielsen2012:§6.6.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "AITWG:§15.3", "AITWG:§15.4", "Oqaatsit1997:manna#e7399", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:manna#e7004", "Kleinschmidt1871:manna#e4819", "Kleinschmidt1871:massa#e4814", "AITWG:§15.5" ], "id": "manna", "category": "nouns" } ], "meeraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "child (from about walking age until legal adulthood)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "meeraq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "child (from about walking age until legal adulthood)", "da": "barn", "da_short": "barn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "barn", "singular_definite": "barnet", "plural": "børn", "plural_definite": "børnene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3/§7.1 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e both give the identical paradigm meeraq/meeqqap/meeqqat/meeqqamik. This exact paradigm is already cited elsewhere in this repo (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) as a host example for unrelated affixes, but no bare meeraq stem entry previously existed -- not a collision, this is the first dedicated entry for the lexeme itself.", "examples": [ { "surface": "meeraq", "natural": "child (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "meeqqap", "natural": "child's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "meeqqat", "natural": "children (ergative plural)" }, { "surface": "meeqqamik", "natural": "child (instrumental singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "SchultzLorentzen1926:meeraq#e10295", "SchultzLorentzen1927:meeraq#e10295", "Oqaatsit1997:meeraq#e7620", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:meeraq#e7227", "Katersat:lex_8214", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40473" ], "id": "meeraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "misiliineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "experiment; test" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misiliineq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Lexicalised event/abstract noun corresponding to IV misilii + V_neq_N (misilii- + -neq → misiliineq). Morphology: treat as a strong q-stem with weakening like other productive -neq nouns (q→r before vowel-initial endings: misiliinerup / misiliinerit), matching erneq and the V{nəq}N-inherited pattern on aqqusineq's weakening variant (api.oq.gl#122).", "Path is HTR of TV misilip (Bjørnum2012:K3§6 pattern 1) → misilii → misiliivoq, then + V_neq_N. Parallel: Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.1 aserorterpaa → aserorterivoq → aserorterineq. Katersat FST analyses misiliineq as misilip+Gram/TV+HTR…+NIQ (lex_14753), not as misilip+iq+neq.", "Do NOT parse as misilip+V_iq_Vb+V_neq_N: that chain rebuilds the long-ii surface but is an oversegment (V_iq non-productive / lexicalised-words- only; glosses talk about 'removing/negating testing' next to the short dictionary sense 'experiment; test'). Do NOT add a bare ip+neq→iineq sandhi rule; the lexical stem is the grammarian fix (api.oq.gl#122)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "experiment; test", "en_short": "experiment", "da": "forsøg; eksperiment; prøve", "da_short": "forsøg", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated as a free noun headword (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Katersat) and as the -neq nominal of HTR misilii (Katersat FST misilip+HTR+NIQ; Bjørnum2012:K3§6; Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.1 parallel).", "examples": [ { "surface": "misiliineq", "natural": "experiment; test (absolutive singular; Oqaatsit1997/DAKA headword)" }, { "surface": "misiliinerup", "natural": "experiment's (ergative singular; expected strong-q weakening)" }, { "surface": "misiliivoq", "natural": "he/she does an experiment (IV host; see verbs.yaml:misilii)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misiliineq#e7840", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misiliineq#e7438", "Katersat:lex_14753", "Bjornum2012:K3§6", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.1" ], "id": "misiliineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "niu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "leg; like other body-part terms, sometimes used in the plural (niui) even with a singular meaning", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:niu:8653fccd240e", "items": [ { "text": "leg; like other body-part terms, sometimes used in the plural (niui) even with a singular meaning", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:niu#e6038", "SchultzLorentzen1926:niu#e12179", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niu#e12179", "Oqaatsit1997:niu#e9369", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niu#e8841", "Katersat:lex_18893" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niu", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {niju}N, from a historical {niʀu} (Comparative Eskimo Dictionary) whose /ʀ/ dropped at some point; the resulting /j/ is unwritten and never surfaces except as gemination -- MOFO's own 'Stem before vowel' form is 'niu' (identical to the bare citation form, no /j/ at all), matching this repo's own inflection_sandhi:injection criterion (naaq, kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) directly; morphology_class.gemination is deliberately not set for the same reason given there.", "The gemination outcome here is non-standard: /j/ -> [ss] (spelt 'ss'), rather than the usual [cc] pattern seen on e.g. mikiaq/naalungiaq. MOFO itself calls this 'a rare form of gemination'." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "leg; sometimes used in the plural for one leg", "en_short": "leg", "da": "ben", "da_short": "ben", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ben", "singular_definite": "benet", "plural": "ben", "plural_definite": "benene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, including the rare j->ss gemination itself: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 ('niu, ben, nissup (niup), nissut (niut), nissumik (niumik)') gives the same paradigm MOFO records -- and Bjornum2012:K4§2e lists 'niu' as its own worked example (item 21 of nos.19-23) of exactly the unwritten-consonant gemination class its own prose analyzes as '...et j eller v, der ikke skrives' ('a j or v that isn't written'), already cited on this repo's naaq entry for the identical phenomenon. Nielsen2012's parenthetical alternate forms (niup, niut, niumik) also independently show the non-geminating variant MOFO's own page does not mention.", "examples": [ { "surface": "niu", "natural": "leg (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "nissup", "natural": "leg's (ergative singular; the geminating/standard pattern -- an ungeminated alternative 'niup' is also independently attested, see notes)" }, { "surface": "nissut", "natural": "legs (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:niu#e6038", "SchultzLorentzen1926:niu#e12179", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niu#e12179", "Oqaatsit1997:niu#e9369", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niu#e8841", "Katersat:lex_18893", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41490" ], "id": "niu", "category": "nouns" } ], "nujaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hair; specifically a single strand of hair on the head in the singular, 'hair' collectively in the plural (nutsat)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:nujaq:de4663037c16", "items": [ { "text": "hair; specifically a single strand of hair on the head in the singular, 'hair' collectively in the plural (nutsat)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Bjornum2012:K1§7", "Rasmussen1893:nujaq#e1521", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nujaq#e12537", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nujaq#e12537", "Oqaatsit1997:nujaq#e9566", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nujaq#e9019", "Katersat:lex_14079" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nujaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {nujaq}N, matching this entry's own underlying_form directly. Kleinschmidt's 1871 dictionary erroneously records the stem as 'nujak' (k-final); MOFO and the newer dictionaries (Ordbogeeraq, Schultz-Lorentzen, Oqaatsit) all agree on the q-final form modeled here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hair; one strand in the singular, hair collectively in the plural", "en_short": "hair", "da": "hår", "da_short": "hår", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hår", "singular_definite": "håret", "plural": "hår", "plural_definite": "hårene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, including the full inflectional paradigm: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 ('nujaq, hovedhår, nutsap, nutsat, nutsamik') and Bjornum2012:K4§2e ('nujaq | hovedhår | nutsap | nutsat | nutsamik') give the identical j->ts geminating paradigm. Bjornum2012:K1§7 independently attests the same worked example MOFO's own page uses ('nujaq, et hovedhår -> nujaruna, det er et hår').", "examples": [ { "surface": "nujaq", "natural": "a hair / strand of hair (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "nutsap", "natural": "hair's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "nutsat", "natural": "hair (collective, absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "nujaruna", "natural": "it's a hair (nujaq + *{una} 'it is...'; independently attested by Bjornum2012:K1§7)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Bjornum2012:K1§7", "Rasmussen1893:nujaq#e1521", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nujaq#e12537", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nujaq#e12537", "Oqaatsit1997:nujaq#e9566", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nujaq#e9019", "Katersat:lex_14079", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43215" ], "id": "nujaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nerleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "goose; wild goose" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nerleq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "goose; wild goose", "en_short": "goose", "da": "gås", "da_short": "gås", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gås", "singular_definite": "gåsen", "plural": "gæs", "plural_definite": "gæssene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5 ('Meget stærke nominer') gives the full paradigm nerleq/nerlerup/nerlerit/nerlermik in its own worked list of strong-q-stem nouns, and Bjornum2012:K4§2b names nerleq 'gås' directly among its own examples of the strong q-stem class -- matching MOFO's stem_type/declension_class/weakening claims exactly, not just the bare lexeme.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nerleq", "natural": "goose (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "nerlerup", "natural": "goose's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "nerlerit", "natural": "geese (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2b", "Kleinschmidt1871:nerleq#e5910", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nerleq#e11914", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nerleq#e11914", "Oqaatsit1997:nerleq#e9048", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nerleq#e8540", "Katersat:lex_17790", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95855" ], "id": "nerleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "(some)thing -- a bound 'dummy'/pro-base used in place of an ordinary noun stem, especially with possessive endings, so the ownership/affix meaning can be expressed without naming the owned thing; often contributes no independent meaning of its own beyond whatever ending or affix attaches to it", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:pi:0d61fcbcad68", "items": [ { "text": "(some)thing -- a bound 'dummy'/pro-base used in place of an ordinary noun stem, especially with possessive endings, so the ownership/affix meaning can be expressed without naming the owned thing; often contributes no independent meaning of its own beyond whatever ending or affix attaches to it", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K4§4a", "Bjornum2012:K9§6" ], "rationale": "Resolve a cited grammar or dictionary row (including non-Daka citation sources if applicable), with exact wording and stable source locator." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pi", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Not used in non-possessed absolutive or ergative singular (only plural, e.g. piit) -- MOFO marks it up-declined on that basis, an unusual pairing with its own vowel_final_stem classification (this repo's existing vowel-final stems -- illu/nuna/siku -- are all p-declined); flagged as a genuinely novel stem_type/declension_class combination." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thing", "en_short": "thing", "da": "ting", "da_short": "ting", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "up" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated for existence+meaning (not just MOFO's own curation): Bjornum2012 glosses 'pi-' as 'ting (kun med endelser eller affikser)' -- 'thing (only with endings or affixes)' -- in at least two separate affix entries (K4§4a's own comparation examples, and K9§6's own affix-list glosses for peqatigiit and pisivoq), independently matching both MOFO's gloss and its 'bound pro-base' description.", "examples": [ { "surface": "peqarpoq", "natural": "there is (something); he has (something) (MOFO's own cited example [SK71], from {pi} + N_qaq_Vb)" }, { "surface": "pia", "natural": "his thing(s) (MOFO's own cited example [SK71])" }, { "surface": "pisivoq", "natural": "he has bought something (Bjornum2012's example, K9§6, glossing pi- as 'ting')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§4a", "Bjornum2012:K9§6" ], "id": "pi", "category": "nouns" } ], "pooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bag; (with a possessive ending) container for the possessor (e.g. sheath, box, barrel, depending on context)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:pooq:93ae03092dd0", "items": [ { "text": "bag; (with a possessive ending) container for the possessor (e.g. sheath, box, barrel, depending on context)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:pooq#e7253", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pooq#e14451", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pooq#e14451", "Oqaatsit1997:pooq#e11677", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pooq#e10955", "Katersat:lex_23992" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pooq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {pu(g)uq}N: a historical, unwritten /g/ (per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary) that resurfaces only in the geminated forms (devoiced to [xx], written 'gg').", "MOFO also records an alternative, non-geminating declension (pooq, puut) per Schultz-Lorentzen 1951; only the majority geminating pattern (pooq, puggut) is modeled here, matching how nouns_mofo_derived.yaml's own anori entry handles a similar two-pattern stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bag; container for the possessor", "en_short": "bag", "da": "pose; (med ejestedord) beholder", "da_short": "pose", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "gg" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: both Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4 and Bjornum2012:K9§6 independently cite the identical example 'puujutaa, hans pose' ('his bag'), directly glossing pooq as 'pose'/'bag' -- matching MOFO's meaning.", "examples": [ { "surface": "pooq", "natural": "bag (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "puujutaa", "natural": "his bag (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's shared example)" }, { "surface": "puggut", "natural": "bags (absolutive plural, geminated form, per MOFO's own table)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.4", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:pooq#e7253", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pooq#e14451", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pooq#e14451", "Oqaatsit1997:pooq#e11677", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pooq#e10955", "Katersat:lex_23992" ], "id": "pooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pujoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "smoke; steam; mist; fog; (in the plural) clouds" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pujoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "smoke; steam; mist; fog; (in the plural) clouds", "en_short": "smoke", "da": "røg; damp; dis; tåge; (i flertal) skyer", "da_short": "røg", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 (via its own §7.1 cross-reference, 'pujoq, røg, tåge, damp, putsup, putsut, skyer') gives the full paradigm and gloss matching MOFO's own table exactly (putsup/putsut geminated forms; meanings smoke/fog/steam/clouds); Bjornum2012:K1§2 separately cites pujoq 'røg' as its own phonetics example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "pujoq", "natural": "smoke; fog; mist (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "putsup", "natural": "smoke's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "putsut", "natural": "clouds (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2", "Kleinschmidt1871:pujoq#e7279", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pujoq#e14583", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pujoq#e14583", "Oqaatsit1997:pujoq#e11824", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pujoq#e11099", "Katersat:lex_191225" ], "id": "pujoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "putugoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "big toe (of the foot)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "putugoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "big toe (of the foot)", "da": "storetå", "da_short": "storetå", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "storetå", "singular_definite": "storetåen", "plural": "storetæer", "plural_definite": "storetæerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.1.3, via its own §7.1 cross-reference) and Bjornum2012:K4§2e (gemination table, item 5: 'g > kk') both give the identical paradigm putugoq/putukkup/putukkut/putukkumik, matching MOFO's own table exactly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "putugoq", "natural": "big toe (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "putukkup", "natural": "big toe's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "putukkut", "natural": "big toes (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:putugoq#e7355", "SchultzLorentzen1926:putugoq#e14782", "SchultzLorentzen1927:putugoq#e14782", "Oqaatsit1997:putugoq#e11993", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:putugoq#e11259", "Katersat:lex_24599", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89419" ], "id": "putugoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qajaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kayak (either the vessel itself, or a kayak with a man in it)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qajaq:9dbac8391aab", "items": [ { "text": "kayak (either the vessel itself, or a kayak with a man in it)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:qaanni#e12158", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaanni#e11391", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Bjornum2012:K6§12", "Kleinschmidt1871:qajaq#e3026", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qajaq#e6204", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qajaq#e6204", "Oqaatsit1997:qajaq#e12265", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qajaq#e11500", "Katersat:lex_24997" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qajaq", "search_forms": [ "qajaq", "qaanni" ], "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The dictionaries independently attest qaanni as his/her own kayak. Keep that exact surface as lexical pedagogy/search evidence; no ending decomposition, productive alternation or new paradigm is inferred from this row.", "Rare gemination pattern: /j/ is replaced by 'ann' (written; phonemically /inn/) rather than ordinary doubling, in the geminated stem -- MOFO notes this 'phenomenon can also be seen in {najak}N and seemingly nowhere else'; Bjornum2012:K4§2e records the same alternation under its own transcription 'aj > aann' (item 8, 'det eneste ord med denne gemination' -- 'the only word with this gemination'), an independent grammarian converging on the same rarity claim." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kayak", "da": "kajak", "da_short": "kajak", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kajak", "singular_definite": "kajakken", "plural": "kajakker", "plural_definite": "kajakkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ann" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated extensively: Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.1.3 paradigm qajaq/qaannap/qaannat) and Bjornum2012 (K4§2e's gemination table, K6§12's transport-word list, K9§6) all independently confirm both the lexeme and the rare j->ann/inn gemination pattern.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qaanni", "natural": "his/her own kayak" }, { "surface": "qajaq", "natural": "kayak (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qaannap", "natural": "kayak's (ergative/relative singular; illustrates the rare j->ann gemination)" }, { "surface": "qajartorpoq", "natural": "he travels by kayak (Bjornum2012's example, K6§12 'Transportmidler')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qaanni#e12158", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaanni#e11391", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Bjornum2012:K6§12", "Kleinschmidt1871:qajaq#e3026", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qajaq#e6204", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qajaq#e6204", "Oqaatsit1997:qajaq#e12265", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qajaq#e11500", "Katersat:lex_24997", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93907" ], "id": "qajaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qilak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sky; heaven; the cloud cover / vault of the sky" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qilak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Velar-retaining k-stem (cf. inuk/qitsuk). With assimilative m-initial continuers, /k/+/m/ -> [mm] (same general JOIN_ASSIMILATIVE velar half as Nuuk + -miu -> Nuummiu-). MOFO:miuq cites qilak + -mioq -> qilammioq ('inhabitant of Heaven'); MOFO:miu cites qilammiuvoq. Distinct from uvular-final hosts, which take the q+m -> rm half (see N_miu_N).", "Katersat FST for the place name Qilakitsoq is qilak+KIP+TUQ (this stem + N_kit_Vb + V_soq_N). That derived q-final noun then takes -miu via the uvular half: qilakitsoq + -miu -> qilakitsormiu." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sky; heaven", "en_short": "sky", "da": "himmel; skydække", "da_short": "himmel", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qilak", "natural": "sky; heaven (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qilammioq", "natural": "inhabitant of Heaven / angel (MOFO:miuq; lexicalised from qilak + -mioq — velar assimilative half)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Katersat:lex_26364", "Oqaatsit1997:qilak#e12979", "Kleinschmidt1871:qilak#e3574", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qilak", "MOFO:miuq", "MOFO:miu" ], "id": "qilak", "category": "nouns" } ], "qilalugaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas); narwhal (Monodon monoceros) -- general term for the two Monodontidae species, usually disambiguated with a modifier: qilalugaq qaqortaq ('white qilalugaq') for beluga, qilalugaq qernertaq ('black qilalugaq') for narwhal", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qilalugaq:44535236b0d7", "items": [ { "text": "beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas)", "relation": "distinct_sense", "scope": "one referent of the general term", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Nielsen2012:§6.2.4.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K7§6", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "Oqaatsit1997:qilalugaq#e12985", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qilalugaq#e12211", "Katersat:lex_26374" ], "rationale": "The cited entry explicitly says the term can refer to beluga or narwhal; these are distinct species referents within the shared category.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "narwhal (Monodon monoceros)", "relation": "distinct_sense", "scope": "one referent of the general term", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Nielsen2012:§6.2.4.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K7§6", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "Oqaatsit1997:qilalugaq#e12985", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qilalugaq#e12211", "Katersat:lex_26374" ], "rationale": "The cited entry explicitly says the term can refer to narwhal or beluga; these are distinct species referents within the shared category.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "general term for the two Monodontidae species", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "explains the shared category of the two referents", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Nielsen2012:§6.2.4.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K7§6", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "Oqaatsit1997:qilalugaq#e12985", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qilalugaq#e12211", "Katersat:lex_26374" ], "rationale": "The source explicitly identifies the pair as the two members of the family." }, { "text": "usually disambiguated with a modifier: qilalugaq qaqortaq ('white qilalugaq') for beluga, qilalugaq qernertaq ('black qilalugaq') for narwhal", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "describes how speakers distinguish the two referents", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Nielsen2012:§6.2.4.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K7§6", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "Oqaatsit1997:qilalugaq#e12985", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qilalugaq#e12211", "Katersat:lex_26374" ], "rationale": "The authored clause records the modifier-based disambiguation described by the review." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qilalugaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "beluga whale; narwhal", "en_short": "beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas)", "da": "hvidhval; narhval", "da_short": "hvidhval", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by both Nielsen (§5.3.1.5.2's 'qilalugaq, hvidhval; qilalugarput, de har fanget hvidhval' and §6.2.4.1.2's 'Qilalugaq takusara') and Bjørnum (K7§6's identical 'qilalugaq takusara, narhvalen, som jeg så' and K4§5b's plural 'aasakku qilalukkat, der er narhvaler derude') -- both the lexeme and both of MOFO's recorded senses (hvidhval/beluga, narhval/narwhal) are directly attested, and the plural surface form qilalukkat independently confirms the g-to-kk gemination this entry's morphology_class asserts.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qilalugaq", "natural": "beluga whale / narwhal (absolutive singular, general term)" }, { "surface": "qilalugarput", "natural": "they have caught a beluga whale (Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2)" }, { "surface": "qilalukkat", "natural": "narwhals (absolutive plural -- geminated stem, Bjornum2012:K4§5b)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Nielsen2012:§6.2.4.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K7§6", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "Oqaatsit1997:qilalugaq#e12985", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qilalugaq#e12211", "Katersat:lex_26374", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70011", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84180" ], "id": "qilalugaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qingaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nose; (by extension) a smoke hole or exhaust vent in a house; the hard protuberance at the base of a bird's bill; the two cord-holes in a harpoon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qingaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The cited qinngap/qinngat paradigm realizes ng-to-nng gemination in applicable consonant-initial nominal inflection. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e explicitly block gemination before vowel- or r-initial endings. The stored profile is unchanged.", "Kleinschmidt (per MOFO) originally distinguished 'nostril' (singular) from 'nose' (plural, qingai); the newer Oqaatsit dictionary lists 'nose' in singular, the modern usage. The secondary 'smoke hole'/'bird bill protuberance'/'harpoon cord-hole' senses are recorded per MOFO only, not independently corroborated in this session's search.", "This stem is separately used (uncited here) as the host example in two existing denominal-verb affix entries (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml and denominal_verbs_mofo_derived.yaml, 'qingakippoq'/'qingartuvoq') -- noted for cross-reference, not a collision." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nose; (by extension) a smoke hole or exhaust vent in a house", "en_short": "nose", "da": "næse", "da_short": "næse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "næse", "singular_definite": "næsen", "plural": "næser", "plural_definite": "næserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "ng", "to": "nng" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012 (§4.1.4.1.3's 'svage, geminerende nominer' table, and §7.1's irregular-noun index) and Bjornum2012 (K4§2e's own 'ng > nng' gemination table) all give the identical lexeme, gloss ('næse'), and paradigm qingaq/qinngap/qinngat/qinngamik -- confirming the lexeme+meaning and the ng/nng gemination pattern directly, not just incidental example use.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qingaq", "natural": "nose (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qinngap", "natural": "nose's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "qinngat", "natural": "noses (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "qinngamik", "natural": "with/using a nose (instrumental singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:qingaq#e3687", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qingaq#e7429", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qingaq#e7429", "Oqaatsit1997:qingaq#e13161", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qingaq#e12389", "Katersat:lex_26735", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76244" ], "id": "qingaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "siu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bow/front (of a kayak, boat, or other vessel); the area or side in front (of something), also used in a temporal sense ('beforehand')", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:siu:d7c17caf17ee", "items": [ { "text": "bow/front (of a kayak, boat, or other vessel); the area or side in front (of something), also used in a temporal sense ('beforehand')", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§4b", "Kleinschmidt1871:siu#e8202", "SchultzLorentzen1926:siu#e16543", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siu#e16543", "Oqaatsit1997:siu#e15236", "Oqaatsit1997:siumut#e15288", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siu#e14315", "Katersat:lex_30563" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siu", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Entry id and underlying_form corrected from an earlier 'sivu' (with a /v/), the same v-bleed shape as this file's own sibling correction on siulliq (see that entry's own note): every attested form cited below, including the allative singular siumut and the possessed siua, is already v-less -- independently confirmed directly against the Nielsen2012 transcript at two separate locations (docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/5.3.1-verbaliserende-tilhaeng.md:490, 'siu, forende; siumoorpoq, han går frem'; 5.5-nominaltilhaeng.md:979, 'siu, forende; siulleq, forst, forrest'), neither showing a 'sivu'/'sivumut' form. The /v/ was very likely MOFO's own etymological {sivu}N spelling (still valid as an etymology, and still how MOFO's own cross-linked pages such as {sivuraq}N spell the bound/compounding form) bleeding into the underlying_form field, which this schema uses for the synchronic bare-stem form the engine builds from, not the etymology.", "Per Kleinschmidt (via MOFO), the bare stem is essentially only used possessed (siua, 'its front/foremost part') or in the allative singular (siumut, 'forward'); the regular unpossessed absolutive/ergative/plural forms in MOFO's own declension table are the predictable vowel-stem pattern, not independently attested as commonly used on their own.", "This stem is also referenced (as MOFO's own cross-linked base, spelled with its etymological /v/, {sivu}N) inside this repo's existing N_raq_N affix entry (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) and one denominal-verb entry -- noted for cross-reference/consistency, not a collision, since neither gives 'sivu'/'siu' its own independent bare-stem treatment, and neither is this entry's own worked example (MOFO's cited {sivuraq}N/sioraq compound shows a DIFFERENT vowel-fusion outcome than the plain bare-stem environment this entry models)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bow; front; the area or side in front, also used in a temporal sense", "en_short": "bow/front (of a kayak, boat, or other vessel)", "da": "stævn; forende (på en kajak eller båd); fremad", "options": { "da": { "stævn": "stævn; forende", "fremad": "fremad" } }, "da_short": "stævn; forende; fremad", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012 attests the bare root 'siu' glossed 'forende' (front end/fore-part) twice -- §5.3.1.6.2 ('siu, forende; siumoorpoq, han går frem') and §5.5.3.2 (the +lleq affix entry: 'siu, forende; siulleq, forst, forrest', directly matching MOFO's own {sivu}N + N{(l)liq}N decomposition of this file's own sibling entry siulliq). Bjornum2012 (K4§4b, in its own siulleq gloss) independently glosses the same root 'siu-' as 'forende; forstavn' (front end; bow/prow of a boat), matching MOFO's own 'bow/front (of a kayak or boat)' sense specifically.", "examples": [ { "surface": "siumut", "natural": "forward; to the front (allative singular) [SK71]", "natural_da": "fremad" }, { "surface": "siua", "natural": "its front/foremost part (3sg/sg possessed) [SK71]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§4b", "Kleinschmidt1871:siu#e8202", "SchultzLorentzen1926:siu#e16543", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siu#e16543", "Oqaatsit1997:siu#e15236", "Oqaatsit1997:siumut#e15288", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siu#e14315", "Katersat:lex_30563" ], "id": "siu", "category": "nouns" } ], "siulliq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the first; the foremost; the previous (ones)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siulliq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Entry id and underlying_form corrected from an earlier 'sivulliq' (with a /v/): every attested form in this entry's own cited paradigm, INCLUDING the absolutive singular citation form (siulleq, which takes no ending at all and so cannot reflect any sandhi deletion), is already v-less -- confirmed independently across four separate locations in the Nielsen2012 transcript (docs/flemming_aj_nielsen_vestgronland_grammatik/4.1-nominal-fleksion.md, 5.5-nominaltilhaeng.md, 6.4-mest-om-nominer.md, 7.1-uregelmaessige-nominer.md) and three in Bjornum2012 (docs/bjornum_gronlandsk_grammatik/3-verber.md, 4-nominer.md, 6-diverse.md) -- none show a 'sivulleq'/'sivulliq' form anywhere. The /v/ was very likely MOFO's own etymological decomposition {sivu}N + N{(l)liq}N (still cited below, and a real, independently-corroborated etymology) bleeding into the underlying_form field, which this schema uses for the synchronic form the engine builds from, not the etymology.", "MOFO analyses this as a lexicalised combination {sivu}N + N{(l)liq}N ('one in the most forward direction'), i.e. siu (this file's own sibling entry, 'front/fore area' -- itself corrected from an earlier 'sivu' id, see that entry's own note) plus a superlative/extreme-direction affix -- independently confirmed by Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2's own +lleq affix entry, whose own example is this exact word: 'siu, forende; siulleq, forst, forrest'.", "Also used as the ordinal number corresponding to the cardinal {atausiq}N ('one'), per MOFO; not independently corroborated in this session's search, so not asserted beyond the general 'first' gloss.", "Nielsen2012's own irregular-noun index (§7.1) cross-references this word to '§4.1.4.2.3', but the actual worked example ('siulleq, første, siulliup, siulliit, siullermik') appears in the body text under §4.1.4.2.4 (verified against that file's own header structure) -- cited here as §4.1.4.2.4, flagging the index's own cross-reference as likely a minor misprint rather than silently following it.", "declension_class corrected from an earlier 'p' to 'up', and right_sandhi from an earlier 'assibilation' to 'none': both were leftover artifacts of the pre-correction 'sivulliq' entry, and neither matches this entry's own cited paradigm. The cited ergative/plural forms (siulliup, siulliit) are the vowel-initial -up/-it allomorph, not the plain -p/-t a declension_class:p would resolve to, and nothing in the paradigm shows an assibilation effect -- both fields now match utoqqaq's own already-correct entry (nouns_mofo_derived.yaml), the other member of this same Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.4 irregular class." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the first; the foremost; the previous (ones)", "en_short": "the first", "da": "den første; den forreste; den forrige", "da_short": "den første", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012 gives the identical paradigm siulleq/siulliup/siulliit/siullermik in both its main declension-class listing (§4.1.4.2.4) and its irregular-noun index (§7.1) -- confirming lexeme, gloss ('forste'), and full paradigm directly. Bjornum2012 (K4§4b) independently glosses the same word's own root as 'siu- forende; forstavn' within its comparison-affix (+(r)leq) discussion.", "examples": [ { "surface": "siulleq", "natural": "the first (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "siulliup", "natural": "the first one's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "siulliit", "natural": "the first ones; the forefathers (absolutive plural) [SK71]" }, { "surface": "siullermik", "natural": "firstly (instrumental singular, adverbial use)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.4", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§4b", "Oqaatsit1997:siulleq#e15266", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siulleq#e14345" ], "id": "siulliq", "category": "nouns" } ], "siuraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a grain of sand; (plural, sioqqat) sand", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:siuraq:039b57b3b76d", "items": [ { "text": "a grain of sand; (plural, sioqqat) sand", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6" ], "rationale": "Resolve a cited grammar or dictionary row (including non-Daka citation sources if applicable), with exact wording and stable source locator." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siuraq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO warns this stem is UNRELATED to the homographic {sivuraq}N ('front/foremost part of Possessor', a tail-tier sibling entry in nouns_mofo_derived.yaml) despite both surfacing identically as 'sioraq' in the new orthography -- the underlying forms differ ({siuraq} vs {sivuraq}), kept distinct here via ID/underlying_form per this repo's own convention of using the pre-lowering morphemic form as the entry key rather than the ambiguous surface citation spelling." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a grain of sand; (plural, sioqqat) sand", "en_short": "a grain of sand", "da": "et sandkorn; sand", "da_short": "et sandkorn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated via affix-example-list citations rather than a dedicated noun-paradigm listing (same caveat structure as nouns_mofo_derived.yaml's own anori entry): Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1 (the +usa(a)q affix list: 'sioraq, sandkorn; sioraasaq, sukker') and Bjornum2012:K9§6 (its own +usaq affix-list entry: 'sioraasat (pl.) sukker; stodt melis (sioraq sandkorn, pl. sioqqat sand)') both independently gloss 'sioraq' as 'sandkorn' (grain of sand) and BOTH independently give the same plural 'sioqqat' (sand) MOFO's own entry records -- solid corroboration of lexeme, gloss, and the geminating r/qq plural directly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sioraq", "natural": "a grain of sand (absolutive singular, surface form -- see note on the homographic sivuraq)" }, { "surface": "sioqqat", "natural": "sand (absolutive plural, literally 'grains of sand') [Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1], [Bjornum2012:K9§6]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74963", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.83516" ], "id": "siuraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uanga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "I; me (1st-person-singular personal pronoun)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uanga", "right_sandhi": "irregular", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.1 describes the historical first-person construction uv+a followed by the verbal personal marker ŋa (I/me) or gut (we/us). These fragments are preserved as source analysis, not independent freely attaching nominal affixes or a replacement for the lexical citation stem.", "Personal pronouns exist only for 1st/2nd person; 3rd person uses the demonstrative pronoun una instead (Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.2, Bjornum2012 K4§5a's own intro) -- una is a genuinely different word class in this grammar (its own dedicated demonstrative paradigm and oblique-case ending set, per Nielsen2012:§4.2/Bjornum2012 K4§5b), modeled through uv and the dedicated demonstrative endings, rather than as a noun_stem sibling.", "Absolutive and relative case are NOT distinguished for this pronoun -- both read 'uanga' (Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.2's own paradigm table; Bjornum2012 K4§5a Skema 50 shows the identical form in both rows).", "Independently confirmed letter-for-letter by both Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.2 and Bjornum2012 K4§5a Skema 50: 'dannet af demonstrativrødder... men har nominale kasusendelser' (formed from demonstrative roots but taking nominal case endings) -- but the oblique-case forms actually printed (uannik, uannut, uanni, uannit, uakkut, uattut) do not transparently decompose as this stem plus this repo's own regular N_* nominal-case endings (e.g. modalis -nnik, not the ordinary -mik); an irregular/fused paradigm, exact forms retained as pedagogy, with productive ending composition still unmodeled. Flag before adding any oblique-case worked example for this stem.", "In spoken language often shortened to 'ua' (Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.2) -- not modeled as a separate form here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "I; me", "da": "jeg; mig", "da_short": "jeg", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated for existence, meaning, and full paradigm by Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.2 and Bjornum2012 K4§5a Skema 50, agreeing on every cell.", "examples": [ { "surface": "uanga", "natural": "I; me (absolutive/relative singular; no case distinction)" }, { "surface": "uannik", "natural": "concerning me" }, { "surface": "uannut", "natural": "to me" }, { "surface": "uannit", "natural": "from me" }, { "surface": "uanni", "natural": "at my place" }, { "surface": "uakkut", "natural": "through me" }, { "surface": "uattut", "natural": "like me" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.1", "Oqaatsit1997:uanga", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uanga", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5a Skema 50", "Kleinschmidt1871:uanga#e9609", "SchultzLorentzen1926:uanga (ua)#e19964", "SchultzLorentzen1927:uanga (ua)#e19964", "Katersat:lex_33230" ], "id": "uanga", "category": "nouns" } ], "illit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "you (2nd-person-singular personal pronoun)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illit", "right_sandhi": "irregular", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "The exact Chapter 16 verbalization ilinniipput is preserved; the illit citation form does not establish a productive ələc stem or an ordinary possessed-noun chain.", "AITWG §16.1 describes ələc as a root we can think of, rather than an independently attested free noun; no productive atomic root or unrestricted doubling rule is admitted by this cross-reference.", "Same personal-pronoun family as uanga (this file, above) -- see that entry's own notes for the shared 1st/2nd-person-only distribution, the una/demonstrative 3rd-person substitute, and the general 'formed from demonstrative roots' sourcing.", "Absolutive and relative case are NOT distinguished for this pronoun -- both read 'illit' (Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.2's own paradigm table; Bjornum2012 K4§5a Skema 50 shows the identical form in both rows).", "Independently confirmed letter-for-letter by both Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.2 and Bjornum2012 K4§5a Skema 50: the oblique-case forms (ilinnik, ilinnut, ilinni, ilinnit, ilikkut, ilittut) are the same kind of irregular/fused paradigm as uanga's own -- exact forms retained as pedagogy, with productive ending composition still unmodeled.", "FST pin (issue #516, lex_7823): intended analyses are illit+Pron+Abs+2Sg and illit+Pron+Rel+2Sg (this 2sg personal pronoun). Competing IP/illip/ip lines are verb analyses of the same short surface; illit+N+Abs+Sg is not this entry. Modeled sense isolated; entry preserved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "you (singular)", "da": "du; dig", "da_short": "du", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated for existence, meaning, and full paradigm by Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.2 and Bjornum2012 K4§5a Skema 50, agreeing on every cell. Reciprocal-thanks host (#820): illillu = illit + ENCL_lu (*i lige måde* / *and you.sg*; Bugge1960, Ordbogen2003, Nielsen2012:§3 / §2). Affectionate Misiliineq illinnguarlu = illit + N_nnguaq_N + ENCL_lu (q+l → -rlu) — prefer that parse over false-friend illeq 'sleeping platform / briks' for the qujanaq illinnguarlu formula. Ranking note only; Counterbot PIN for formula.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilinniipput", "natural": "they are at your place (singular you; verbalized personal locative)" }, { "surface": "illit", "natural": "you (absolutive/relative singular; no case distinction)" }, { "surface": "illillu", "natural": "and you.sg; likewise / the same to you (illit + ENCL_lu; Nielsen2012:§3; Bugge1960 / Ordbogen2003 reciprocal-thanks half)", "natural_da": "og dig; i lige måde" }, { "surface": "illinnguarlu", "natural": "and dear little you (illit + N_nnguaq_N + ENCL_lu; Misiliineq qujanaq illinnguarlu — not illeq 'briks')", "natural_da": "og dig søde" }, { "surface": "ilinnik", "natural": "concerning you (singular)" }, { "surface": "ilinnut", "natural": "to you (singular)" }, { "surface": "ilinnit", "natural": "from you (singular)" }, { "surface": "ilinni", "natural": "at your place (singular)" }, { "surface": "ilikkut", "natural": "through you (singular)" }, { "surface": "ilittut", "natural": "like you (singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.1", "Oqaatsit1997:illit#e4105", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illit#e3989", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5a Skema 50", "Kleinschmidt1871:illit#e2982", "SchultzLorentzen1926:illit#e5975", "SchultzLorentzen1927:illit#e5975", "Katersat:lex_7823", "Oqaatsit1997:ilikkut#e3928", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilikkut#e3809", "Oqaatsit1997:ilittut#e4041", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilittut#e3926", "Oqaatsit1997:illillu#e4099", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illillu#e3983" ], "id": "illit", "category": "nouns" } ], "su": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "semantic_tags": [ "interrogative_na" ], "meaning": "(interrogative/indefinite pronominal stem) what; something (unknown); (with negation) nothing at all -- also usable as a pro-base standing in for an unspecified nominal base that affixes attach to" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "su", "right_sandhi": "irregular", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.4 explicitly attests sumukalerpit and the long ablative verbalization suminngaanneerpit. Its printed long-form component ŋanniit is retained as a source variant; it is not silently normalized to Chapter 13 naanniit or guessed into an unconditioned allomorph rule.", "AITWG Figure 16.3 independently gives suup/suut and the six nominal prepositional cases. Its extra-u explanation is source-specific; interrogative sukkut is distinct from the sugar homograph.", "MOFO records a genuinely irregular declension: the absolutive singular takes the demonstrative marker {na} (giving suna, not a plain vowel-stem ending), the ergative singular is the regular up-declined {-up} (suup), but the plural marker is the irregular {-ut} (suut) rather than the usual up-declined {-it} -- independently confirmed letter-for-letter by both Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.4 ('Suna (suup, suut)') and Bjornum2012:K4§5c's own full paradigm table (Skema 62), including the oblique-case forms (sumik/sunik, sumut/sunut, sumi/suni, sumit/sunit, sukkut/sutigut, sutut/sutut).", "MOFO also documents a verbal variant {su}V ('do what') and a distinct pro-base usage (replacing a nominal base whose affixes the speaker asks to have repeated) -- both independently corroborated in spirit by Bjornum2012:K4§5c's own 'Suvoq' and 'Den nominale ordstamme su-' subsections, the verbal reading is separately modeled as su_v; the nominal pro-base usage remains documented here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "what; something", "en_short": "(interrogative/indefinite pronominal stem) what", "da": "hvad; noget; (med negation) intet", "da_short": "hvad", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "up" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, and unusually strongly for a function word: Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.4 (its own 'Sporgepronominer' section) gives 'Suna (suup, suut), hvad, hvilket' directly, matching MOFO's own irregular declension claim exactly. Bjornum2012:K4§5c gives a full 7-row paradigm table (Skema 62) plus a dedicated subsection 'Den nominale ordstamme su- \"hvad?\"; \"noget\"' independently describing the same what/something dual meaning MOFO's own entry describes.", "examples": [ { "surface": "suminngaanneerpit", "natural": "where are you from?" }, { "surface": "sumukalerpit", "natural": "where are you going?" }, { "surface": "suna", "natural": "what? (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "suup", "natural": "what's / by what (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "suut", "natural": "which ones? (absolutive plural -- also the irregular ergative plural, per MOFO)" }, { "surface": "sumut", "natural": "whither; to what/where (allative singular)" }, { "surface": "sumik", "natural": "concerning what (singular)" }, { "surface": "sunik", "natural": "concerning which things (plural)" }, { "surface": "sunut", "natural": "to which things (plural)" }, { "surface": "sumit", "natural": "from what/where (singular)" }, { "surface": "sunit", "natural": "from which things (plural)" }, { "surface": "sumi", "natural": "at what/where (singular)" }, { "surface": "suni", "natural": "at which things (plural)" }, { "surface": "sukkut", "natural": "through what/where (singular; interrogative sense)" }, { "surface": "sutigut", "natural": "through which things (plural)" }, { "surface": "sutut", "natural": "like what/which things (same singular/plural form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.5.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§5c", "AITWG:§16.4", "Oqaatsit1997:suna#e15726", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:suna#e14801", "Kleinschmidt1871:suna#e8059" ], "id": "su", "category": "nouns" } ], "tanneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the longest (comparative/superlative of 'long'); by extension, the long/minute hand of an analogue clock, used in telling the time", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:tanneq:9a41d597d10c", "items": [ { "text": "the longest (comparative/superlative of 'long'); by extension, the long/minute hand of an analogue clock, used in telling the time", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§12.3", "Nielsen2012:§6.6.5", "Bjornum2012:K6§6 (pp.139–140)", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tanneq (takivoq)#e17415", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tanneq (takivoq)#e17415", "Oqaatsit1997:tanneq#e16358", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tanneq#e15373" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tanneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Historically a lexicalised derivative, {takə}V{nəq}N ⟹ /taknəq/ ⟹* tanneq, with the comparative affix V{nəq}N attaching directly to {takə}V's own schwa-dropped final consonant instead of the regular route (which gives takineq) -- AITWG:§12.3's own Aside 12.1 names this exact derivation and surface form directly, alongside the parallel minneq/anneq pair. Modeled here as a base noun stem (matching MOFO's own base/n filing and this repo's existing atuarfik precedent for lexicalised-but-synchronically-bare derived nouns), not as a live N_neq_V combination.", "AITWG:§12.3's own footnote to Aside 12.1: 'The word tanneq, meaning the longest, is also used for the minute hand on a clock, because it is the longest of the two clock hands... lexicalised, so tanneq is still used in this sense today.' Independently and precisely corroborated by Nielsen2012:§6.6.5's clock-telling section and Bjornum2012:K6§6's own glossary gloss ('tanneq: den store viser', 'the big/long hand') plus its extensive worked time-telling examples using the identical construction pattern (NUM+nut tanneq NUM+ngorpoq).", "right_sandhi:none and morphology_class below are MOFO's own facet claims for {taknəq}N; its page gives no declension table of its own, explicitly describing both facets as 'inherited from the right-most component, V{nəq}N' and co-listing TWO possible inflection-sandhi values ('Weakening', 'Metathesis') without a concrete disambiguating form. No independent source shows tanneq in an inflected form (Nielsen2012's and Bjornum2012's own examples all use the bare form). inflection_sandhi is therefore deliberately NOT asserted here.", "AITWG:§12.3 is a newly-verified citation (checked against the checked-in docs/aitwg2ed/ transcript) not yet listed in docs/reference/linguistics/mofo-schema-mapping.md's verified-section ledger -- needs a ledger row added in a follow-up docs commit per CLAUDE.md's AITWG citation rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the longest; also the long hand of a clock; also the minute hand of a clock", "en_short": "the longest (comparative/superlative of 'long')", "da": "den/det længste", "da_short": "den/det længste", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated for existence, meaning, and the specialised clock-hand usage (not just an incidental example word) by AITWG:§12.3 itself and, in much greater worked-example depth, Nielsen2012:§6.6.5 and Bjornum2012:K6§6 -- but NOT for its own inflectional morphology, which remains MOFO-only and unconfirmed (see application_logic.notes).", "examples": [ { "surface": "tanneq", "natural": "the long/minute hand of a clock; 'longest' (Bjornum2012's own glossary gloss: 'den store viser')" }, { "surface": "sisamanut tanneq qulit", "natural": "ten minutes to four (Nielsen2012:§6.6.5's example; literally 'towards four, the long hand [is at] ten')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§12.3", "Nielsen2012:§6.6.5", "Bjornum2012:K6§6 (pp.139–140)", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tanneq (takivoq)#e17415", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tanneq (takivoq)#e17415", "Oqaatsit1997:tanneq#e16358", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tanneq#e15373" ], "id": "tanneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "taquaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "travelling provisions; food brought along on a trip, whether short or long", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:taquaq:6fdccec01ac2", "items": [ { "text": "travelling provisions", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:taquaq#e8422", "SchultzLorentzen1926:taquaq#e17142", "SchultzLorentzen1927:taquaq#e17142", "Oqaatsit1997:taquaq#e16443", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taquaq#e15464", "Katersat:lex_34690" ], "rationale": "The cited dictionary rows give “travel provisions”." }, { "text": "food brought along on a trip, whether short or long", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "definition of the primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:taquaq#e8422", "SchultzLorentzen1926:taquaq#e17142", "SchultzLorentzen1927:taquaq#e17142", "Oqaatsit1997:taquaq#e16443", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taquaq#e15464", "Katersat:lex_34690" ], "rationale": "The cited Kleinschmidt entry explicitly defines the term as food taken along on a journey regardless of duration." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taquaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {taqu(j)aq}N -- per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, the reconstructed historical form has an injected, otherwise-unattested consonant between /u/ and /a/, written parenthetically as (j) since it resurfaces and geminates to [tʃː] (spelt 'ss': taquaq -> taqussap) under inflection. This is inflection_sandhi:injection, not ordinary geminating -- matching this repo's existing naaq precedent for the same (j)-marked phenomenon; morphology_class.gemination is correspondingly NOT set, since there is no visible 'from' consonant in the citation form 'taquaq' to name.", "Nielsen2012's transcription gives tarussap, tarussat and tarussamik, while Bjornum2012 gives taqussap, taqussat and taqussamik. The cause of this source difference remains unresolved. Preserve the exact readings; do not silently correct Nielsen or claim that both sources independently give the same inflected paradigm. This entry's operational series follows the cited Bjornum cells." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "travelling provisions; food brought along on a trip, whether short or long", "en_short": "travelling provisions", "da": "rejseproviant", "da_short": "rejseproviant", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3/§7.1 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e corroborate the travelling-provisions sense. Bjornum explicitly gives the inflected examples below. Nielsen's tarussap/tarussat/tarussamik readings differ and are not claimed as identical corroborating forms.", "examples": [ { "surface": "taquaq", "natural": "travelling provisions (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "taqussap", "natural": "the provisions' (ergative singular; Bjornum2012:K4§2e's own paradigm table)" }, { "surface": "taqussat", "natural": "provisions (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:taquaq#e8422", "SchultzLorentzen1926:taquaq#e17142", "SchultzLorentzen1927:taquaq#e17142", "Oqaatsit1997:taquaq#e16443", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taquaq#e15464", "Katersat:lex_34690" ], "id": "taquaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tarajoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "salt; saltwater; brine (plural: grains of table salt)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tarajoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "salt; saltwater; brine (plural: grains of table salt)", "en_short": "salt", "da": "salt; saltvand", "da_short": "salt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, full paradigm: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3/§7.1 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e both give the identical gloss ('salt') and the same four-form paradigm (tarajoq/taratsup/taratsut/taratsumik) this entry's own pedagogy uses, confirming the j->ts gemination directly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tarajoq", "natural": "salt; saltwater (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "taratsup", "natural": "salt's (ergative singular; gemination of /j/ to [tʃ], spelt 'ts')" }, { "surface": "taratsut", "natural": "grains of salt; table salt (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:tarajoq#e8564", "Rasmussen1893:tarajoq#e2110", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tarajoq#e17464", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tarajoq#e17464", "Oqaatsit1997:tarajoq#e16449", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tarajoq#e15471", "Katersat:lex_34878", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43602", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78424" ], "id": "tarajoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "taseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lake, especially an inland freshwater lake", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:taseq:b37b3cf2ca69", "items": [ { "text": "lake, especially an inland freshwater lake", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:taseq#e8587", "SchultzLorentzen1926:taseq#e17596", "SchultzLorentzen1927:taseq#e17596", "Oqaatsit1997:taseq#e16511", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taseq#e15539", "Katersat:lex_34915" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taseq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lake, especially an inland freshwater lake", "da": "sø", "da_short": "sø", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sø", "singular_definite": "søen", "plural": "søer", "plural_definite": "søerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, full paradigm: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3/§7.1 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e both give the identical gloss ('sø'/'lake') and the same four-form paradigm (taseq/tatsip/tatsit/tatsimik) this entry's own pedagogy uses, confirming the s->ts gemination directly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "taseq", "natural": "lake (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "tatsip", "natural": "lake's (ergative singular; gemination of /s/ to [tʃ], spelt 'ts')" }, { "surface": "tatsit", "natural": "lakes (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:taseq#e8587", "SchultzLorentzen1926:taseq#e17596", "SchultzLorentzen1927:taseq#e17596", "Oqaatsit1997:taseq#e16511", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taseq#e15539", "Katersat:lex_34915", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70530" ], "id": "taseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ujaloq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sinew (within a body, or as sewing thread); by extension, 'strength'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:ujaloq:61c9675347bb", "items": [ { "text": "sinew (within a body, or as sewing thread); by extension, 'strength'", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujaloq", "Oqaatsit1997:ujaloq", "Petersen1951:erlaq", "Petersen1967:erlaq", "Katersat:lex_19647" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ujaloq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO records an older vowel-stem variant 'ujalu' [SK71][CWSL58][JP67], not used in the newer Oqaatsit dictionary [CBBJRPIKJR97] and not recorded here.", "FST pin (issue #516 / #514, lex_19647): intended analysis is ujaloq+N+Abs+Sg. Competing ujalu+Err/Sub+N+Abs+Sg is the older vowel-stem variant already noted above, tagged Err/Sub by Katersat. Lexeme preserved.", "#514 admission review (2026-09-15): l->ll gemination independently confirmed -- Petersen1951/1967 ergative ujallup inside their erlaq headword entries (\"ujallup qisuulluunniit nujaarnera\"), both established MOFO-cited sources; ungeminated *ujalup scores zero hits in every mirrored dictionary (negative evidence for the gemination); Petersen's own \"ujatdlut, t = ujalut\" / \"ujallut, t = ujalut\" equations pair the spellings as one lexeme, not a counter-paradigm. Promoted to core per #512 (full paradigm now corroborated: Abs Nielsen2012/KAL-ENG/Oqaatsit1997, Erg Petersen1951/1967); redundant MOFO: tag dropped per the najak precedent for independently-corroborated entries." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sinew; by extension, 'strength'", "en_short": "sinew (within a body, or as sewing thread)", "da": "sene; (også) styrke", "da_short": "sene", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2's own affix-example list glosses 'ujaloq, senetråd' ('sinew thread') as the base of 'ujalussiaq' ('sytråd', sewing thread) -- genuine corroboration of the lexeme's existence and meaning, not merely incidental use.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ujaloq", "natural": "sinew; thread (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ujalussiaq", "natural": "sewing thread (ujaloq + N{-ssiaq}N 'material for N'; Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2)" }, { "surface": "taanna ujaloqanngilaq", "natural": "he has no strength (literally 'he has no sinews'; MOFO/Kleinschmidt)" }, { "surface": "ujallup", "natural": "sinew's (ergative singular; l->ll gemination -- Petersen1951/1967)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujaloq", "Oqaatsit1997:ujaloq", "Petersen1951:erlaq", "Petersen1967:erlaq", "Katersat:lex_19647" ], "id": "ujaloq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ujamik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "necklace -- seemingly mostly used in the plural (ujammit), even with singular meaning, likely because a necklace is perceived as consisting of multiple parts", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:ujamik:cd91ca8f86d2", "items": [ { "text": "necklace -- seemingly mostly used in the plural (ujammit), even with singular meaning, likely because a necklace is perceived as consisting of multiple parts", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujamik#e9256", "Rasmussen1893:ujamik#e2324", "Katersat:lex_36631" ], "rationale": "Kleinschmidt1871 e9256 and Rasmussen1893 e2324 both give ‘necklace’; Rasmussen explicitly notes plural ujammit. The parenthetical records number usage while retaining a singular meaning; it does not add a separate gloss." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ujamik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "necklace", "en_short": "necklace", "da": "halskæde", "da_short": "halskæde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "halskæde", "singular_definite": "halskæden", "plural": "halskæder", "plural_definite": "halskæderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "m", "to": "mm" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, full paradigm and usage note: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3/§7.1 give the identical gloss ('halskæde') and four-form paradigm (ujamik/ujammip/ujammit/ujamminik, kun plur.) this entry's own pedagogy uses; Bjornum2012:K4§2e matches the paradigm and separately, in its own prose, independently discusses the same 'mostly used in plural even for a single item' usage fact MOFO records, confirming both the m->mm gemination and the usage note directly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ujamik", "natural": "necklace (absolutive singular, rarely used)" }, { "surface": "ujammit", "natural": "necklace(s) (absolutive plural -- the form ordinarily used even for a single necklace)" }, { "surface": "ujammip", "natural": "necklace's (ergative singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujamik#e9256", "Rasmussen1893:ujamik#e2324", "Katersat:lex_36631", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65691" ], "id": "ujamik", "category": "nouns" } ], "ujarak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stone; rock, from small pebbles to large boulders; can also refer to the material 'stone' itself", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:ujarak:b20e9ca84ff7", "items": [ { "text": "stone; rock, from small pebbles to large boulders; can also refer to the material 'stone' itself", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "AITWG:§6.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujarak#e9261", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ujarak#e19068", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ujarak#e19068", "Oqaatsit1997:ujarak#e17729", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujarak#e16771", "Katersat:lex_35745" ], "rationale": "No source YAML change is proposed; retain the complete raw meaning. If structured annotations are added later, preserve the exact row citations and represent the indicated relation explicitly." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ujarak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "AITWG:§6.6 itself names this exact stem directly as its own worked example of 'irregular gemination': '{ujarak}N (stone) ⟹* ujaqqat', one of only a few k-stems AITWG describes as displaying gemination and dropping their final /k/ 'as if they were weak q-stems' -- an independently real, cited word (not merely an abstract rule), matching MOFO's own 'Weak k-stem, p-declined, Geminating (r⇒qq)' facet triad exactly." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stone; rock, small to large; also the material stone", "en_short": "stone", "da": "sten; klippe", "da_short": "sten", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Strongly corroborated, independent of MOFO: AITWG:§6.6 itself gives the stem and its geminated plural directly; Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3/§7.1 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e both independently give the identical full paradigm (ujarak/ujaqqap/ujaqqat/ujaqqamik) this entry's own pedagogy uses.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ujarak", "natural": "stone; rock (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ujaqqap", "natural": "stone's (ergative singular; gemination of /r/ to [qq])" }, { "surface": "ujaqqat", "natural": "stones (absolutive plural; AITWG:§6.6's own cited example of this exact word)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§6.6", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujarak#e9261", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ujarak#e19068", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ujarak#e19068", "Oqaatsit1997:ujarak#e17729", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujarak#e16771", "Katersat:lex_35745", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.46615", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52238", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63811" ], "id": "ujarak", "category": "nouns" } ], "aasaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "summer", "semantic_tags": [ "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aasaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Pinned modern rows distinguish summer (Danish e313, English e314) and in-summer (Danish e314, English e313); picked-up-person English e312 is a different reading. Fixed time expressions do not establish unrestricted bare-noun temporal syntax or productive GU attachment. Exact aasaru rows attest the existing coming-summer example, keeping morphological analysis separately source-bound.", "Cited as the host of ENCL_gu → aasaru in MOFO's -gu pedagogy and Nielsen2012's own summer examples (e.g. aasaq manna …). Surface absolutive often 'aasaq'; uvular-final like sibling time stems." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "summer", "da": "sommer", "da_short": "sommer", "en_short": "summer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sommer", "singular_definite": "sommeren", "plural": "somre", "plural_definite": "somrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Added as an ENCL_gu time host (api.oq.gl#107) so grammarian-published semantic_tags can replace oq-api's hard-coded stem-id allowlist. Independently cited in Nielsen2012 summer examples and MOFO ENCL_gu pedagogy (aasaru).", "examples": [ { "surface": "aasaq", "natural": "in the summer (dictionary-listed temporal reading)" }, { "surface": "aasaq", "natural": "summer (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aasaru", "natural": "this (coming) summer (aasaq + ENCL_gu; MOFO:gu pedagogy)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§6.6.2", "MOFO:gu", "MOFO:aasaq", "Oqaatsit1997:aasaq#e313", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasaq#e314", "Oqaatsit1997:aasaq#e314", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasaq#e313", "Oqaatsit1997:aasaru#e320", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasaru#e320", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42726" ], "id": "aasaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "unnuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "evening", "semantic_tags": [ "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unnuk", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Cited as the host of ENCL_gu → unnugu in MOFO's -gu pedagogy (consonant-truncative allomorph -gu). Related to unnuaq 'night' (Comparative Eskimo / Schultz-Lorentzen notes) but kept as its own stem id for the evening sense used in ENCL_gu examples." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "evening", "da": "aften", "da_short": "aften", "en_short": "evening", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "aften", "singular_definite": "aftenen", "plural": [ "aftner", "aftener" ], "plural_definite": [ "aftnerne", "aftenerne" ] } } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Added as an ENCL_gu time host (api.oq.gl#107). MOFO pedagogy: unnuk + -gu → unnugu 'this evening'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "unnuk", "natural": "evening" }, { "surface": "unnugu", "natural": "this evening (unnuk + ENCL_gu; MOFO:gu pedagogy)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:gu", "MOFO:unnuk", "SchultzLorentzen1926:unnuaq (unnuk)", "Oqaatsit1997:unnuk#e18243", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unnuk#e17269", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40911" ], "id": "unnuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "ukiuq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "year; winter", "semantic_tags": [ "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ukiuq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is {ukiuq}N; the word-final /u/ lowers to [o] before /q/ (New orthography absolutive singular 'ukioq'), but MOFO's own plural citation form 'ukiut' (not *ukiot*) shows /u/ resurfacing before the consonant-initial plural ending -- directly attesting the underlying vowel this entry's underlying_form records, matching this repo's existing kalaaliq/taliq/ukaliq precedent of recording the underlying (not word-final-lowered) vowel." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "year; winter", "en_short": "year", "da": "år; vinter", "da_short": "år", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Bjornum's own 'Stammer' overview table (K4§2) classifies ukioq alongside arnaq/qimmeq as a plain, non-geminating weak q-stem -- directly confirming this entry's inflection_sandhi:none claim, not just the bare lexeme. Nielsen (§5.5.2.2, §5.5.3.8) and Bjornum (K6§1) independently gloss both the 'year' and 'winter' senses.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ukioq", "natural": "year / winter (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ukiut", "natural": "years (absolutive plural, e.g. 'ukiut sisamat', four years) [MOFO, citing SK71]" }, { "surface": "ukiumut", "natural": "per year (allative singular) [Bjornum2012:K6§1]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.8", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "Bjornum2012:K6§1", "MOFO:ukiuq" ], "id": "ukiuq", "category": "nouns" } ], "unaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "harpoon shaft" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unaaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {una(r)aq}N: the reconstructed historical form {unəʀaʀ} lost its /ʀ/, which may optionally resurface during inflection, geminating to [χχ] (spelt 'rr'). Per Kleinschmidt and Schultz-Lorentzen 1951 this gemination is not used by all speakers, and Ordbogeeraq records the stem instead as an ordinary, non-geminating weak q-stem (unaaq/unaat) -- only the geminating pattern is modeled here, matching MOFO's own choice, and flagged as an existing alternate rather than the only one.", "morphology_class.gemination is deliberately left unset, matching this repo's naaq precedent: there is no visible 'from' consonant in the citation form 'unaaq' to name (the geminating /r/ is unwritten/injected). Recorded as morphology_class.injected_cluster instead -- see that field's own schema description." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "harpoon shaft", "da": "harpunskaft", "da_short": "harpunskaft", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "rr" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by a single source: Nielsen (§5.5.3.1) glosses 'unaaq, harpun' directly before showing the derived diminutive/pejorative 'unaavarsuk, en elendig harpun' (a wretched harpoon) -- confirming the lexeme and meaning, though (like MOFO's own citation of the same derived word) it does not itself show the injected-r gemination pattern in an inflected case form.", "examples": [ { "surface": "unaaq", "natural": "harpoon shaft (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "unarrap", "natural": "harpoon shaft's (ergative singular, injected-and-geminated pattern)" }, { "surface": "unarrat", "natural": "harpoon shafts (absolutive plural, injected-and-geminated pattern)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.1", "MOFO:una(r)aq", "Kleinschmidt1871:unaaq#e9417", "SchultzLorentzen1926:unaaq#e19459", "SchultzLorentzen1927:unaaq#e19459", "Oqaatsit1997:unaaq#e18067", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unaaq#e17101", "Katersat:lex_35990" ], "id": "unaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "unnuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "night; (as a time expression) last night", "semantic_tags": [ "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unnuaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {unnu(j)aq}N, related to {unnuk}N 'evening'; per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary the reconstructed historical form is {unnu(C)aʀ}, with an unwritten consonant that may geminate to [cc] during inflection. Schultz-Lorentzen 1951 notes this gemination is optional (an ordinary, non-geminating declension also exists), and Ordbogeeraq does not record it at all -- only the geminating pattern is modeled here, matching MOFO's own choice.", "morphology_class.gemination is deliberately left unset, matching naaq/unaaq's precedent: the geminating consonant is unwritten/injected, not visible in the citation form 'unnuaq'." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "night; (as a time expression) last night", "en_short": "night", "da": "nat", "da_short": "nat", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "nat", "singular_definite": "natten", "plural": "nætter", "plural_definite": "nætterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Bjornum's own time-expression vocabulary table (K6§1) glosses 'unnuaq | nat; i nat' -- matching BOTH of MOFO's own senses ('night' and 'last night') directly; Nielsen (§6.6.2) independently attests the lexeme in a real sentence, 'unnuaq assut annernarpoq' (it hurt a lot last night).", "examples": [ { "surface": "unnuaq", "natural": "night / last night (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "unnuaq nipaappoq", "natural": "the night is so quiet [MOFO, citing CWSL58]" }, { "surface": "unnussap", "natural": "night's (ergative singular, injected-and-geminated pattern) [MOFO]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§1", "Nielsen2012:§6.6.2", "MOFO:unnu(j)aq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:unnuaq (unnuk)#e19683", "SchultzLorentzen1927:unnuaq (unnuk)#e19683", "Oqaatsit1997:unnuaq#e18229", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unnuaq#e17257", "Katersat:lex_31812", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43949" ], "id": "unnuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uqaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tongue" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uqaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is {uqaq}N; word-initial /u/ lowers to [o] before the following /q/ (surface citation 'oqaq'), per the general vowel-lowering rule (i,u -> e,o before q/r) that Nielsen §2.1 states explicitly using this exact word as its own worked example ('oqaq, tunge'). This repo records the underlying, un-lowered vowel in underlying_form, matching the kalaaliq/taliq/ukaliq precedent, even though (unlike those entries) MOFO's own declension table shows the lowered [o] throughout the attested paradigm with no resurfacing [u].", "See also the verbal variant {uqaq}V 'say something' (MOFO cross-reference), represented separately by verb entry oqaq. The noun remains uqaq; identical surface spelling does not merge the word classes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tongue", "da": "tunge", "da_short": "tunge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tunge", "singular_definite": "tungen", "plural": "tunger", "plural_definite": "tungerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "q", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, and strongly: both Nielsen (§4.1.4.1.3's 'svage, geminerende nominer' table -- the same table already hosting this repo's amiq/taliq/ukaliq/kalaaliq entries) and Bjornum (K4§2e's gemination table, category '13) q > qq') give the identical paradigm oqaq/oqqap/oqqat/oqqamik this entry's own pedagogy uses, directly confirming both the lexeme and the q/qq gemination.", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqaq", "natural": "tongue (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "oqqap", "natural": "tongue's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "oqqat", "natural": "tongues (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§2.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "MOFO:uqaq", "Oqaatsit1997:oqaq#e10097", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqaq#e9462", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.50913" ], "id": "uqaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uqausiq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "word; (possessed, of a group) language", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:uqausiq:20917e48cea4", "items": [ { "text": "word; (possessed, of a group) language", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "MOFO:uqausiq" ], "rationale": "Resolve a cited grammar or dictionary row (including non-Daka citation sources if applicable), with exact wording and stable source locator." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uqausiq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own page records this as a denominal derivative, {uqaq}V + V{-usiq}N, and states its inflection sandhi is 'inherited from the right-most component, V{-usiq}N' (not modeled in this repo) rather than giving its own declension table -- unlike this batch's other MOFO pages. declension_class:p is therefore inferred from the constant Weak-q-stem/p-declension pairing observed throughout this repo's corpus (no exception found), not read directly off a page-shown table for this specific entry; morphology_class.gemination is left unset for the same reason (no confirmed target consonant)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "word; (possessed, of a group) language", "en_short": "word", "da": "ord; (også) sprog", "da_short": "ord", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen glosses 'oqaaseq, ord' directly, twice (§5.5.2.2: oqaaseq -> oqaasileritooq, 'linguist'; §5.5.3.3: oqaaseq -> oqaasipiluk, 'swear word'), confirming the lexeme and 'word' meaning; the 'language' sense (kalaallit oqaasii) is MOFO's own, not independently corroborated here.", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqaaseq", "natural": "word (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "oqaatsit", "natural": "words (absolutive plural) [MOFO]" }, { "surface": "oqaasii", "natural": "his words / what he said (3sg-possessed) [MOFO, citing SK71]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3", "MOFO:uqausiq" ], "id": "uqausiq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uugaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cod" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uugaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Bjornum K4§2e literally co-lists uuaq; uugaq for fjord cod with uukkap/uukkat/uukkamik. Both modern dictionary spellings have separate exact rows. Preserve the existing uuaq owner and its independent citations; this shared table does not authorize stable-ID deletion or an untested profile transfer.", "Nielsen K4.1.4.1.3 prints uu(g)aq with uukkap/ukkat/ukkamik, confirmed visually on original PDF page 34. The shorter plural/instrumental spellings disagree with Bjornum; preserve the source difference without silently correcting the transcription or admitting those cells as interchangeable variants.", "FST pin (issue #516, lex_35544) records uugaq+N+Abs+Sg. The source co-listing is spelling evidence, not authority to merge existing owners or infer historical orthographic mechanics from MOFO alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cod", "da": "torsk", "da_short": "torsk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "torsk", "singular_definite": "torsken", "plural": "torsk", "plural_definite": "torskene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Bjornum's own gemination table (K4§2e) gives the identical paradigm 'uuaq; uugaq | fjordtorsk | uukkap | uukkat | uukkamik' this entry's own pedagogy uses, directly confirming the lexeme, meaning, and g/kk gemination.", "examples": [ { "surface": "uugaq", "natural": "cod (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "uukkap", "natural": "cod's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "uukkat", "natural": "cod (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "uukkamik", "natural": "with cod (instrumental singular) [Bjornum2012:K4§2e]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "MOFO:uugaq", "Oqaatsit1997:uugaq#e18494", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uugaq#e17511", "Katersat:lex_35544", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72463" ], "id": "uugaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uviluq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mussel; clam (the animal or its shell)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uiluq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is {uviluq}N, but /v/ is never written before /i/ in the new orthography (a general spelling rule, matching uugaq's own /uva/->[uu] note) and does not resurface anywhere in the attested paradigm -- so, matching uugaq's own precedent of encoding the attested surface rather than MOFO's historical phonemic form, this entry's underlying_form omits it: 'uiluq', not 'uviluq'. (Previously retained the /v/ 'for traceability'; corrected once that was found to make the v surface wrongly in every derived form, e.g. producing *uvillup instead of the attested uillup.)" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mussel; clam (the animal or its shell)", "en_short": "mussel", "da": "musling", "da_short": "musling", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "musling", "singular_definite": "muslingen", "plural": "muslinger", "plural_definite": "muslingerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, and strongly: both Nielsen (§4.1.4.1.3/§7.1, the same 'svage, geminerende nominer' table already hosting this repo's amiq/taliq/ukaliq/kalaaliq/uqaq entries) and Bjornum (K4§2e, category '9) l > ll') give the identical paradigm uiloq/uillup/uillut this entry's own pedagogy uses.", "examples": [ { "surface": "uiloq", "natural": "mussel / clam (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "uillup", "natural": "mussel's / clam's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "uillut", "natural": "mussels / clams (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "MOFO:uviluq", "Oqaatsit1997:uiloq#e17652", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uiloq#e16689", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78054" ], "id": "uviluq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ungat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a separating/partitioning wall; (possessed, as a spatial noun) the area beyond/on the other side of Possessor", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:ungat:8dd0376baaf0", "items": [ { "text": "a separating/partitioning wall; (possessed, as a spatial noun) the area beyond/on the other side of Possessor", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§6", "MOFO:uŋatə", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ungat#e19612", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ungat#e19612", "Oqaatsit1997:ungat#e18127", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ungat#e17157", "Katersat:lex_35917" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ungat", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {uŋatə}N, a schwa-final derivative of {uŋa}N (this repo's own 'unga' entry) + N{-tə}N -- structurally the same schwa-final t-stem pattern as this repo's existing angut ({aŋutə}N) entry, mapped to the same stem_type:alveolar_schwa_stem. declension_class:p is inferred by analogy to angut's own AITWG-sourced p-declension (MOFO's own page for this entry does not itself show a declension table)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a separating wall; a partitioning wall; the area beyond the owner; the area on the other side of the owner", "en_short": "a separating/partitioning wall", "da": "en skillevæg; området på den anden side", "da_short": "en skillevæg", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen's own dedicated spatial-nouns section (§6.4.5) glosses 'ungatə*, den anden side' directly; Bjornum devotes a full possessive-locative paradigm to it (K4§6, item 22: 'ungat, den anden (fraevendte) side af noget (fx et fjeld, en mur)', with the complete table ungatinni/ungataani/ungatimini/ungatitsinni/ungatissinni/ungataanni/ungatiminni). Both independent sources emphasise the spatial 'other/far side' sense, matching MOFO's own possessed 'area beyond Possessor' meaning most directly; MOFO's unpossessed 'wall' gloss is narrower but consistent with Bjornum's own parenthetical example ('en mur', a wall).", "examples": [ { "surface": "ungammut ingillutit", "natural": "sit down beside the wall (/e/ elides before the m-initial ending) [MOFO, citing SK71]" }, { "surface": "kuup ungataa", "natural": "the land on the other side of the river (3sg-possessed) [MOFO, citing SK71]" }, { "surface": "qaqqap ungataani tuttoqarpoq", "natural": "there are reindeer on the other side of the mountain [Bjornum2012:K4§6]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§6.4.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§6", "MOFO:uŋatə", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ungat#e19612", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ungat#e19612", "Oqaatsit1997:ungat#e18127", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ungat#e17157", "Katersat:lex_35917" ], "id": "ungat", "category": "nouns" } ], "iffiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rye bread" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iffiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {əkviaq}N, presumably {əvək}N (this repo's own 'ivik', 'grass') + N{-lijaq}N ('something made from N'), with metathesis and loss of /l/ in the affix -- visible in the old orthography spelling 'igfiaĸ', where 'g' reflects the stem-final /k/ from /əvək/. Despite the historically gemination-triggering -lijaq affix, MOFO notes this stem does not decline with gemination, just as an ordinary weak q-stem.", "Kleinschmidt1871:iffiaq#e2959 and Schultz-Lorentzen also record straw objects and grass-gathering senses beside bread. Preserve these historical contexts without replacing modern rye bread or using a dictionary sense to prove the proposed etymology." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rye bread", "da": "rugbrød", "da_short": "rugbrød", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rugbrød", "singular_definite": "rugbrødet", "plural": "rugbrød", "plural_definite": "rugbrødene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen glosses 'iffiaq, rugbrød' directly (§2.2, as an example of the orthographic rule that /f/ is never written single in native words; §5.5.3.7: iffiaq -> iffialiaq, 'homemade rye bread'); Bjornum's own Kleinschmidt-to-new-orthography conversion table (K1§9) glosses 'igfiaκ (iffiaq), rugbrød' independently, and its affix list (9-affikser) independently attests 'iffiamineq' (a piece of rye bread) and 'iffiartorpoq' (eats rye bread).", "examples": [ { "surface": "iffiaq", "natural": "rye bread (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "iffiap", "natural": "rye bread's (ergative singular) [MOFO]" }, { "surface": "iffialiaq", "natural": "homemade rye bread [Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.7]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§2.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.7", "Bjornum2012:K1§9", "MOFO:əkviaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:iffiaq#e5946", "SchultzLorentzen1927:iffiaq#e5946", "Oqaatsit1997:iffiaq#e3487", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iffiaq#e3340", "Katersat:lex_7379", "Kleinschmidt1871:iffiaq#e2959", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60318" ], "id": "iffiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ini": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "room; space; place (of residence); dwelling; nest; lair" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ini", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1 explicitly places ini (-ə; room) among regular vowel stems, and Bjornum2012:K4§2 lists it in the vowel row. Bjornum2012:K1§8 and K8§2 explicitly identify final i₂, so morphology_class.final_vowel_class records that source-attested vowel quality. Retain literal ini and schwa_final_stem with p-declension; the conflicting MOFO weak-q facet is provenance evidence, not authority to invent a deleted q.", "Both cited sources give inip/init/inimik, and Bjornum2012:K1§8 / K8§2 example 70 gives inaa/inai. K8§2 examples 69–74 document the wider paradigm. These citations support the lexical class and forms; they do not imply that every possessive ending or surface interaction is implemented by every consumer." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "room; space; a place to live; dwelling; nest; lair", "en_short": "room", "da": "rum; plads; sted; bolig; rede; hule", "da_short": "rum", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "final_vowel_class": "i2", "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The named regular vowel stem ends in original schwa / i₂ (Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1; Bjornum K1§8 and K4§2). K8§2 examples 69–70 independently attest ini/inip/init/inimik and inaa/inai. The old K8§1 reference pointed to verbs; the noun paradigms are in §2. No uvular deletion or hidden consonant is asserted.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ini", "natural": "room (absolutive singular; Bjornum2012:K8§2's own Bøjningseksempel 69: ini/inip/init, 'stue/stuens/stuer')" }, { "surface": "illu pingasunik initaqarpoq", "natural": "The house has three rooms. (MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "nerlerit inaat", "natural": "The nest of the geese. (MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "inaa", "natural": "his/her room (singular possessum); source-attested, consumer execution remains unresolved" }, { "surface": "inai", "natural": "his/her rooms (plural possessum); source-attested, consumer execution remains unresolved" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "MOFO:ənə", "Kleinschmidt1871:ini#e2434", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ini#e4950", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ini#e4950", "Oqaatsit1997:ini#e4646", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ini#e4529", "Katersat:lex_8132", "Bjornum2012:K1§8", "Bjornum2012:K8§2" ], "id": "ini", "category": "nouns" } ], "ataa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "area/space below (of possessor); by extension a specific thing located below (of possessor)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ataa", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {atə}N, one of AITWG:§8.2's 'spatial nouns' -- Figure 8.1 (the labeled house photograph) lists {atə}N literally as 'area below (of possessor)', alongside {qulə}N ('above'), {kətə}N ('west'), etc. This stem has no independent unpossessed absolutive form (MOFO's own declension table leaves ABS.sg blank); it is used almost exclusively with possessive endings, or the unpossessed allative singular 'ammut' ('downwards'). This entry's ID/underlying_form uses the 3sg-possessed absolutive citation form 'ataa' (X's ataa = 'the area below X'), the form both MOFO's own examples (qaqqap ataa, 'the area below the mountain', citing Kleinschmidt 1871) and AITWG's own worked example (illu Piitap ataaniippoq, 'the house is below Peter') actually cite the stem by." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "area below; space below; by extension a specific thing located below", "en_short": "area/space below (of possessor)", "da": "området nedenunder; rummet nedenunder", "da_short": "området nedenunder; rummet nedenunder", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illu Piitap ataaniippoq", "natural": "the house is below Peter (AITWG:§8.2)" }, { "surface": "qaqqap ataa", "natural": "the area below (at the foot of) the mountain (MOFO, citing Kleinschmidt 1871)" }, { "surface": "ammut", "natural": "downwards (unpossessed allative singular -- the only unpossessed form this stem takes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§8.2", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataa#e2129", "Oqaatsit1997:ataa#e2169" ], "id": "ataa", "category": "nouns" } ], "najak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "little sister (of a male sibling); contrast nukaq, 'younger sibling of the same gender'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:najak:6fad464d70e9", "items": [ { "text": "little sister (of a male sibling); contrast nukaq, 'younger sibling of the same gender'", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Bjornum2012:K6§11", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:najak#e7854", "Katersat:lex_15364", "Kleinschmidt1871:najak#e5359", "SchultzLorentzen1926:najak#e10863", "SchultzLorentzen1927:najak#e10863", "Oqaatsit1997:najak#e8305" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "najak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Regular k-stem, up-declined, no gemination (MOFO: 'Declension sandhi: Default/none'). MOFO separately records an archaic, irregular ABS.4sg/sg possessive form 'naanni' (ending N{'-i}, causing /VC/ drop and compensatory gemination/interpolation of /j/, similar to qajaq's own pattern) -- not modeled as a separate example here; recorded for anyone extending this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "little sister; contrast nukaq, a younger sibling of the same sex", "en_short": "little sister (of a male sibling)", "da": "lillesøster (til en mand)", "da_short": "lillesøster", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lillesøster", "singular_definite": "lillesøsteren", "plural": "lillesøstre", "plural_definite": "lillesøstrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Bjornum2012:K6§11 glosses 'najak' as 'lillesøster (til en dreng)' -- 'little sister (to a boy)' -- word-for-word the same sense MOFO records, plus the exact possessed form 'najaga' ('my little sister') MOFO's own page also cites in its Form-and-usage prose. NOTE: a different entry elsewhere in this repo (kalaallisut_data/affixes/nominal_modifiers.yaml, N_nnguak_kuluk_N's 'najannguakkuluk' example) glosses this same stem 'younger sister of a woman' -- the opposite possessor gender from both MOFO and Bjornum2012 here. Flagged as a likely pre-existing error in that other entry, not corrected here (out of this entry's own scope).", "examples": [ { "surface": "najak", "natural": "little sister, said by a man (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "najaap", "natural": "little sister's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "najaat", "natural": "little sisters (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "najaga", "natural": "my little sister (1sg-possessed; independently attested by Bjornum2012:K6§11)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§11", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:najak#e7854", "Katersat:lex_15364", "Kleinschmidt1871:najak#e5359", "SchultzLorentzen1926:najak#e10863", "SchultzLorentzen1927:najak#e10863", "Oqaatsit1997:najak#e8305", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82608" ], "id": "najak", "category": "nouns" } ], "nalunaaqutaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "watch; clock (the common modern meaning); also, more generally, 'sign; mark; marker', and 'sight' (aiming device on a rifle)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:nalunaaqutaq:dcf6b4cac10b", "items": [ { "text": "watch; clock (the common modern meaning); also, more generally, 'sign; mark; marker', and 'sight' (aiming device on a rifle)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§6.6.5", "Nielsen2012:§6.1.1.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Bjornum2012:K6§6", "Oqaatsit1997:nalunaaqutaq#e8599", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nalunaaqutaq#e8123", "Katersat:lex_8538" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalunaaqutaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {nalunaiqutaq}N. MOFO's own Constituents field derives this as {nalu}V + V{naq}V + V{-iq}V + {?} + V{-utaq}N -- 'a sign/marker by which one can know something' -- but flags the /q/ immediately before -utaq as unexplained; the final morpheme is almost certainly V{-utaq}N ('means/tool for V-ing', kalaallisut_data/affixes/deverbal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml), not modeled here as a live decomposition, only as the lexicalised whole.", "Older dictionaries (Kleinschmidt, Chr. Rasmussen, Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) give a double-q form (nalunaaqqutaq); the modern dictionaries (Ordbogeeraq, Oqaatsit) and this entry instead follow the single-q form used today." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "watch; clock; also 'sign, mark' or a rifle's sight", "en_short": "watch", "da": "ur; (også) mærke, tegn; sigtekorn", "da_short": "ur", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "t", "to": "tt" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, including the full inflectional paradigm: Bjornum2012:K4§2e's own gemination-pattern table gives 'nalunaaqutaq | et ur | nalunaaquttap | nalunaaquttat | nalunaaquttamik' -- the identical t->tt pattern already independently attested for the sibling -utaq entries elsewhere in this repo. Nielsen2012:§6.6.5 and §6.1.1.2 both independently attest the lexeme in real time-telling sentences ('nalunaaqutaq, ur, klokken'; 'akissutaa tassaavoq nalunaaqutaq, svaret på det var et ur'), and §5.5.1.5 glosses it as the sole example under its own '÷qutaq' headword.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nalunaaqutaq", "natural": "watch / clock (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "nalunaaquttap", "natural": "watch's / clock's (ergative singular; Bjornum2012's own table)" }, { "surface": "nalunaaquttat", "natural": "watches / clocks (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "Nalunaaqutaq pingasunngorpoq", "natural": "it's three o'clock (literally: the clock becomes three; Bjornum2012:K6§6's own worked time-telling example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§6.6.5", "Nielsen2012:§6.1.1.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Bjornum2012:K6§6", "Oqaatsit1997:nalunaaqutaq#e8599", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nalunaaqutaq#e8123", "Katersat:lex_8538" ], "id": "nalunaaqutaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nanoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bear; polar bear (Ursus maritimus)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nanoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {nanuq}N, per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's reconstructed historical {nanuʀ} (a final uvular consonant) -- surfacing as /o/ in the modern citation form 'nanoq' by the ordinary vowel-lowering found before uvulars, the same general pattern already noted on kalaaliq's own entry (nouns.yaml) for i/e. MOFO also records an alternate, interchangeable vowel-stem citation form 'nanu' (used identically in modern speech), recorded as an alternate citation example here; no automatic variant selection is modeled." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bear; polar bear (Ursus maritimus)", "en_short": "bear", "da": "bjørn; isbjørn", "da_short": "bjørn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "n", "to": "nn" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated, including the full inflectional paradigm: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.2/§4.1.4.1.3 ('nanoq/nanu, bjørn, nannup, nannut, nannumik') and Bjornum2012:K4§2e ('nanoq | bjørn | nannup | nannut | nannumik') give the identical n->nn geminating paradigm; both also separately attest the lexeme+gloss in their own phonology chapters (Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1's consonant-list example; Bjornum2012:K1§2's own /n/-phoneme example).", "examples": [ { "surface": "nanu", "natural": "bear / polar bear (dictionary-listed alternate citation form)" }, { "surface": "nanoq", "natural": "bear / polar bear (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "nannup", "natural": "bear's / polar bear's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "nannut", "natural": "bears / polar bears (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Bjornum2012:K1§2", "Oqaatsit1997:nanoq#e8726", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nanoq#e8242", "Katersat:lex_16662", "Oqaatsit1997:nanu#e8732", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nanu#e8248", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.59931", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72405" ], "id": "nanoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "naraseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "frog; toad" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naraseq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {narasiq}N. MOFO's own 'Gemination type' tooltip on this page reads 'm⇒mm', which does not match its own declension table on the same page (narasi/naratsi, i.e. an s->ts alternation, identical in shape to nasaq's own s⇒tc pattern) -- apparently a copy-paste labeling error inherited from an unrelated entry. This entry follows the table's own directly-attested forms (below), not the mismatched label.", "Per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, the word was borrowed into the Inuit languages from Athabascan; Kleinschmidt in turn borrowed it from a Labrador source, apparently for his Bible translation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "frog; toad", "en_short": "frog", "da": "frø; tudse", "da_short": "frø", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Bjornum2012:K4§2e's own gemination-pattern declension-example table gives 'naraseq | en frø | naratsip | naratsit | naratsimik (narasermik)' -- matching lexeme, gloss, and the full s->ts geminating paradigm directly, including the non-geminating instrumental variant 'narasermik' MOFO's own page does not mention.", "examples": [ { "surface": "naraseq", "natural": "frog / toad (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "naratsip", "natural": "frog's / toad's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "naratsit", "natural": "frogs / toads (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naraseq#e8360", "Katersat:lex_17010", "Kleinschmidt1871:naraseq#e5739", "SchultzLorentzen1926:naraseq#e11525", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naraseq#e11525", "Oqaatsit1997:naraseq#e8852" ], "id": "naraseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aput": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "snow (lying on the ground)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aput", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "snow (lying on the ground)", "da": "sne", "da_short": "sne", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sne", "singular_definite": "sneen" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aput", "natural": "snow (absolutive singular; Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'sne')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aput", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aput", "Kleinschmidt1871:aput#e998", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aput#e1890", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aput#e1890", "Katersat:lex_4374", "MOFO:nv/-ijaq", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.53672", "Oqaatsit1997:aput#e1696", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aput#e1667" ], "id": "aput", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqagu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tomorrow", "semantic_tags": [ "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqagu", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aqagu", "natural": "tomorrow (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'i morgen')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqagu", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqagu", "Kleinschmidt1871:aqagu#e311", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aqagu#e587", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aqagu#e587", "Katersat:lex_4389" ], "id": "aqagu", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "tomorrow", "source": "generated" } } ], "nuliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wife" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuliaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuliaq", "natural": "wife (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nuliaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuliaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:nuliaq#e6269", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nuliaq#e12632", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nuliaq#e12632", "Katersat:lex_4669" ], "id": "nuliaq", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "wife", "source": "generated" } } ], "nuuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "headland; cape; promontory" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuuk", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuuk", "natural": "headland / cape (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nuuk#e9812", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuuk", "Kleinschmidt1871:nuuk#e6213", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nuuk#e12567", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nuuk#e12567", "Katersat:lex_9304" ], "id": "nuuk", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "headland; cape; promontory", "en_short": "headland", "source": "generated" } } ], "panik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "daughter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "panik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "N_ABS_PL's own worked example already attests this stem's up-declined plural form (paniit, 'daughters') -- see kalaallisut_data/endings/noun_cases.yaml.", "Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 explicitly attest this noun class and its paradigm. This profile records the cited class; no historical root, productive derivation or unrestricted possessed paradigm is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "daughter", "da": "datter", "da_short": "datter", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "datter", "singular_definite": "datteren", "plural": "døtre", "plural_definite": "døtrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular", "last_vowel_class": "i1" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "panik", "natural": "daughter (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "paniit", "natural": "daughters (absolutive plural; AITWG:§6.7, already cited by N_ABS_PL)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Oqaatsit1997:panik", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:panik", "AITWG:§6.7", "Kleinschmidt1871:panik#e6598", "SchultzLorentzen1926:panik#e13262", "SchultzLorentzen1927:panik#e13262", "Katersat:lex_21949", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2c", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42516", "Oqaatsit1997:panik#e10576", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:panik#e9917" ], "id": "panik", "category": "nouns" } ], "qaqqaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mountain; peak" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaqqaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "presentation_variants": { "countability": "count", "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qaqqaq", "natural": "mountain / peak (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qaqqaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaqqaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qaqqaq (qaa)#e6261", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qaqqaq (qaa)#e6261", "Katersat:lex_25619" ], "id": "qaqqaq", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "mountain; peak", "en_short": "mountain", "source": "generated" } } ], "seqineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sun" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "seqineq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "Current inspected oq-api 0.4.25 reproduces the reviewed instrumental form, but grammatical n-family metathesis remains approximate/unimplemented. The source-attested profile does not claim exact consumer execution or select an optional-g variant; do not hide that limitation with an invented surface.", "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.2.6 and Bjornum2012 K4§2f explicitly list this owner among strong q-stems with metathesis. The profile records that cited class, not a rule inferred from final spelling. In nonpossessive forms metathesis is confined to grammatical cases; obliques use the strong nonmetathesized stem. Possessive behavior is person-conditioned and source variants remain separately reviewable; this lexical family is not generally productive." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "seqineq", "natural": "sun (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "strength": "strong", "declension_class": "up" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:seqineq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:seqineq", "Kleinschmidt1871:seqineq#e7684", "SchultzLorentzen1926:seqineq#e15518", "SchultzLorentzen1927:seqineq#e15518", "Katersat:lex_29363", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f" ], "id": "seqineq", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "sun", "source": "generated" } } ], "ulloq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "day; date" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ulloq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ulloq", "natural": "day / date (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ulloq#e17901", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulloq#e16938", "Kleinschmidt1871:ulloq#e9655", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ulloq#e20079", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ulloq#e20079", "Katersat:lex_31801" ], "id": "ulloq", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "day; date", "en_short": "day", "source": "generated" } } ], "marluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "two" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "marluk", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "marluk", "natural": "two (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'to')" }, { "surface": "marlunnik", "natural": "two (instrumentalis plural; Bjornum2012:K6§2)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:marluk", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:marluk", "Kleinschmidt1871:marluk#e5009", "SchultzLorentzen1926:marluk (malik)#e10119", "SchultzLorentzen1927:marluk (malik)#e10119", "Katersat:lex_3" ], "id": "marluk", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "two", "source": "generated" } } ], "pingasut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "three" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pingasut", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "pingasut_exact_cardinal", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:pingasut#e11294", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pingasut#e10592" ], "operator": { "type": "quantity", "target": "counted_nominal", "scope": "argument", "value": "exact cardinal quantity three", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:pingasut#e11294", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pingasut#e10592" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pingasut", "natural": "three (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'tre')" }, { "surface": "ukiut pingasut", "natural": "three years (Bjornum2012 quantity use)" }, { "surface": "pingasunik", "natural": "three (instrumentalis plural; ABS.pl -t dropped before -nik; Bjornum2012:K6§2)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:pingasut#e11294", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pingasut#e10592", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pingasut#e14054", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pingasut#e14054", "Kleinschmidt1871:pingasut#e7112" ], "id": "pingasut", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "three", "source": "generated" } } ], "sisamat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "four" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sisamat", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sisamat", "natural": "four (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'fire')" }, { "surface": "ukiut sisamat", "natural": "four years (MOFO / worked-example citation pattern)" }, { "surface": "sisamanik", "natural": "four (instrumentalis plural; Bjornum2012:K6§2)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:sisamat#e15184", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sisamat#e14265", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sisamat#e16155", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sisamat#e16155" ], "id": "sisamat", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "four", "source": "generated" } } ], "tallimat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "five" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tallimat", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tallimat", "natural": "five (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'fem')" }, { "surface": "tallimanik", "natural": "five (instrumentalis plural; Bjornum2012:K6§2)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:tallimat", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tallimat", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tallimat (taleq)#e17649", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tallimat (taleq)#e17649", "Katersat:lex_35341" ], "id": "tallimat", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "five", "source": "generated" } } ], "qassit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "how many?" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qassit", "search_forms": [ "qavci" ], "notes": [ "AITWG §16.4 explicitly gives phonemic qavci and restricts nominal prepositional endings to plural. The source attests qassiuppat with N{-u}V; preserve the lexical citation form here without inferring a universal surface-building rule." ], "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qassit_wh_quantity", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§5c", "Nielsen2012:§4.1" ], "operator": { "type": "quantity", "target": "counted_entities", "scope": "argument", "value": "interrogative wh-quantity 'how many?' (plural-only; instrumentalis qassinik used in have-N stranded-object pattern); distinct from qassiit 'several/many'", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§5c", "Nielsen2012:§4.1" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qassit", "natural": "how many? (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik headword)" }, { "surface": "qassinik", "natural": "how many? (instrumentalis plural — have-N stranded-object pattern)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§5c", "AITWG:§16.4", "Oqaatsit1997:qassit?#e12743", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qassit?#e11979", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qassit?#e7014", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qassit?#e7014" ], "id": "qassit", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "how many?", "source": "generated" } } ], "qassiit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "several; many; a number of" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qassiit", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qassiit_vague_quantity", "contract_version": "semantic-source/v2", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -riarpoq" ], "operator": { "type": "quantity", "target": "counted_entities", "scope": "argument", "value": "vague/indefinite quantity 'several/many/a number of' (plural-only; instrumentalis qassiinik used in have-N stranded-object pattern); distinct from interrogative qassit 'how many?'; not an exact cardinal", "review_status": "unreviewed", "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -riarpoq" ] } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qassiit", "natural": "several / many / a number of (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik headword)" }, { "surface": "qassiinik", "natural": "several / many (instrumentalis plural — have-N stranded-object; Ordbogen2003 'qassiinik atuagaateqarpoq')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -riarpoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Oqaatsit1997:qassiit#e12730", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qassiit#e11967", "Ordbogen2003:adskillige#e100", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qassiit#e7021", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qassiit#e7021", "Kleinschmidt1871:qassiit#e3469", "Petersen1967:qasseeraarpoq#e3544" ], "id": "qassiit", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "several; many; a number of", "en_short": "several", "source": "generated" } } ], "qulingiluat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qulingiluat", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qulingiluat", "natural": "nine (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'ni')" }, { "surface": "qulingiluanik", "natural": "nine (instrumentalis plural; Bjornum2012:K6§2 table ABS qulingilua-t → INS qulingilua-nik)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:qulingiluat", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qulingiluat", "Katersat:lex_124835" ], "id": "qulingiluat", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "nine", "source": "generated" } } ], "qulit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ten" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qulit", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "FST pin (issue #516, lex_27618): intended analyses are qulit+Num+Abs+Pl and qulit+Num+Rel+Pl (the numeral 'ten', Oqaatsit e13615). Competing qule+N plural / 2sg-possessed lines are the spatial/etymological parse ('the upper ones'), not this numeral; qulip+Gram/IV+V+Ind+Pl is a verb lookalike. Do not model the numeral as qule plus a plural ending. Modeled sense isolated; entry preserved.", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3 explicitly lists qulit as plural with qulingat. Bjornum2012:K4§2g restricts nasalization to vowel-initial third-person possessive endings and glosses qulingat as the tenth of them. This does not establish a singular base, an unpossessed nasalizing paradigm, or the same behavior for the embroidered-canvas homograph. A complete possessive profile remains unspecified." ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qulit", "natural": "ten (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'ti')" }, { "surface": "qulinik", "natural": "ten (instrumentalis plural; Bjornum2012:K6§2)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2g", "Bjornum2012:K6§2", "Oqaatsit1997:qulit#e13615", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qulit#e12838", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qulit (quli)#e8029", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qulit (quli)#e8029", "Katersat:lex_27618" ], "id": "qulit", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "ten", "source": "generated" } } ], "anaana": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mother (informal/kinship term)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anaana", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mother (informal/kinship term)", "da": "mor", "da_short": "mor", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Not ambiguous in any mirrored dictionary (a single sense in each hit). Kleinschmidt1871 glosses it as a child's word for 'mother'; the paired ataata row (Kleinschmidt1871:ataata#e1265) says anaana and ataata were used by many throughout their lives of their own parents. That historical statement does not establish universal adult use.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anaana", "natural": "mother (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:anaana#e735", "SchultzLorentzen1926:anaana#e1372", "SchultzLorentzen1927:anaana", "Oqaatsit1997:anaana", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anaana", "Katersat:lex_4189" ], "id": "anaana", "category": "nouns" } ], "ataata": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "father; dad (kinship term)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ataata", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "FST pin (issue #516, lex_164825): intended analysis is ataata+N+Abs+Sg. Competing ate+N+Rel+Sg+3SgPoss/3PlPoss lines are inflectional lookalikes. Modeled sense isolated; entry preserved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "father; dad (kinship term)", "en_short": "father", "da": "far; fader", "da_short": "far", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Modern dictionaries attest father/dad without a universal register restriction. Kleinschmidt1871 calls ataata a child-word but explicitly says many people use it, together with anaana, throughout their lives of their own parents; this does not establish universal adult use. Its historical added-q God context does not restrict the separately attested modern ataataq noun.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ataata", "natural": "father (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:ataata#e1265", "Oqaatsit1997:ataata#e2202", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataata#e2163", "Katersat:lex_164825" ], "id": "ataata", "category": "nouns" } ], "umiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "umiak; the traditional open Greenlandic skin boat (rowed by women, distinct from the one-man qajaq)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:umiaq:83220e426814", "items": [ { "text": "umiak; the traditional open Greenlandic skin boat (rowed by women, distinct from the one-man qajaq)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Kleinschmidt1871:umiaq", "Rasmussen1893:umiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:umiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:umiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:umiaq#e18009", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:umiaq#e17042" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "umiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Weak (q-deleting) q-stem: plural 'umiat' is directly attested in running Kleinschmidt1871 text ('umiat marluk aggerput', two umiaks come), and ergative 'umiap' is attested repeatedly as a possessor form across Kleinschmidt1871 and SchultzLorentzen1926 compound entries (e.g. 'umiap qulaa') -- consistent with uvular_deleting_stem, matching this repo's own arnaq precedent, not a gemination/retaining pattern." ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "umiaq", "natural": "umiak (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "umiap", "natural": "umiak's (ergative singular; attested in Kleinschmidt1871's compound entries, e.g. 'umiap qulaa')" }, { "surface": "umiat", "natural": "umiaks (absolutive plural; attested in running Kleinschmidt1871 text)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:umiaq", "Rasmussen1893:umiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:umiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:umiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:umiaq#e18009", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:umiaq#e17042" ], "id": "umiaq", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "umiak; the traditional open Greenlandic skin boat (rowed by women, distinct from the one-man qajaq)", "en_short": "umiak", "source": "generated" } } ], "niviarsiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a young unmarried woman" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niviarsiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "This headword is ambiguous in Oqaatsit1997 (unnumbered same-spelled entries for 'young unmarried woman', 'nurse', and a plant name) and in Ordbogi1977 (numbered I/II/III for the same three senses). This entry cites the 'young unmarried woman' sense only, pinned to Oqaatsit1997's own row id per CLAUDE.md's disambiguation rule, since that source itself does not number its duplicates." ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Kleinschmidt1871 traces it as derived from niviaq ('an unmarried woman', now used mostly disparagingly) -- historical derivation noted for context, not asserted as an active morpheme boundary in this entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "niviarsiaq", "natural": "a young unmarried woman (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:niviarsiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:niviarsiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niviarsiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:niviarsiaq#e9416", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niviarsiaq" ], "id": "niviarsiaq", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "a young unmarried woman", "source": "generated" } } ], "nukappiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a young unmarried man; bachelor" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nukappiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Not ambiguous in any mirrored dictionary. Petersen1951/1967's own paradigm line ('nukappiaq, t iss (: aak panertuliaq, kukkarnaaq); -araq, qq -atoqaq, qq -aaluit, -atsiaq, aap, aat -asussuk, -apassuk, -aavoq') independently confirms a plain, non-geminating weak q-stem (bare -t plural, -araq/-atoqaq/etc. suffixed forms attach directly to the q-final stem)." ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "This is the base this repo's own nukappiaraq worked example ('boy') derives from via the diminutive N_araq_N -- Kleinschmidt1871's own combined entry lists the size-graded family directly: 'nukappiatsiaq, nukappiaraq, nukappiarannguaq (alt efter størrelsen), en dreng' (depending on size, a boy), i.e. nukappiaq itself denotes an adult (unmarried) man, and the diminutive-suffixed forms denote successively younger/smaller boys. See kalaallisut_data/worked_examples/nominal.yaml.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nukappiaq", "natural": "a young unmarried man; bachelor (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:nukappiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nukappiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nukappiaq", "Ordbogi1977:nukappiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:nukappiaq", "Petersen1951:nukagpiaĸ", "Petersen1967:nukagpiaĸ" ], "id": "nukappiaq", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "a young unmarried man; bachelor", "en_short": "a young unmarried man", "source": "generated" } } ], "sila": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "weather" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sila", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Real homograph/polysemy collision: Oqaatsit1997 and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts both list four separate 'sila' headword rows under the same modern spelling -- 'weather' (chosen sense here), 'mind/intelligence', 'the natural order of the world', and 'the personified spirit of the air'. Kleinschmidt1871's own single entry does not split these -- it glosses them together as one polysemous word, so it is cited bare rather than pinned. Only the two dictionaries that actually split the headword into separate rows are pinned to the 'weather' sense specifically." ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "silap assinga", "natural": "a globe (literally 'the world's image'; SchultzLorentzen1926/1927) -- confirms the ergative singular silap, an a-final vowel stem with no gemination" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:sila", "Rasmussen1893:sila", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sila", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sila", "Oqaatsit1997:sila#e14830", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sila#e13913", "Katersat:lex_29798" ], "id": "sila", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "weather", "source": "generated" } } ], "neqi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "meat; flesh" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "neqi", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Oqaatsit1997 has a second, unrelated 'neqi' row glossed only '(stednavn)' (place name) -- not truly ambiguous since that sense is trivially distinct; the food sense is pinned below anyway per the disambiguation rule." ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "neqip majuunnissaa artorpara", "natural": "I can't manage to carry the meat up, it's too heavy (Bjornum2012, Nielsen2012:§5.5) -- confirms the ergative singular neqip, an i-final vowel stem" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:neqi", "Rasmussen1893:neqi", "SchultzLorentzen1926:neqi", "SchultzLorentzen1927:neqi", "Oqaatsit1997:neqi#e8998", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:neqi#e8498", "Katersat:lex_17524" ], "id": "neqi", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "meat; flesh", "en_short": "meat", "source": "generated" } } ], "qeqertaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "island" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qeqertaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Regular weak q-stem, matching this repo's own arnaq pattern (q deletes before a consonant-initial ending, no gemination): 'qeqertap eqqaanut pivoq', he came near the island (Bjornum2012), attests the ergative singular qeqertap directly. Oqaatsit1997 has a second, unrelated 'qeqertaq' row glossed only '(stednavn)' (place name), trivially distinct from the common-noun sense pinned below." ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qeqertap eqqaanut pivoq", "natural": "he came near the island (Bjornum2012)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:qeqertaq", "Bjornum2012:4-nominer", "Oqaatsit1997:qeqertaq#e12854", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qeqertaq#e12088", "Katersat:lex_26098" ], "id": "qeqertaq", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "island", "source": "generated" } } ], "qaammat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "moon; month" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaammat", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "'Moon' and 'month' are one polysemous lexeme (Kleinschmidt1871's single combined entry glosses both together), not a real homograph collision -- but Oqaatsit1997, Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts, and Katersat's own lexicon all separately split moon/month into distinct rows/lex_ids anyway. Pinned to the 'month' row/id below per the disambiguation rule; this is the same 'source splits a sense range this repo treats as one lexeme' shape as CLAUDE.md's own eqalugaq example, and would need a scripts/known_ambiguous_citations.txt entry before this passes --check-citations for real.", "Ergative singular qaammatip (Bjornum2012:K6§1, point 13) and locative plural qaammatini in qaammatini sisamani Nuummiippunga, “I was in Nuuk for four months” (Nielsen2012:§6.6.2), are different case/number cells. The allative singular qaammamut (Bjornum2012:K6§1, point 5) exhibits the loss of original i₂ before a nonpossessive m-initial ending described in Bjornum2012:K4§2d; these examples do not establish blanket /t/ retention before consonant-initial endings or a complete paradigm." ] }, "morphology_class": { "nominal_stem_class": "t_stem", "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qaammatip ataatsip kingornatigut", "natural": "a month later (Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "qaammatini sisamani Nuummiippunga", "natural": "I was in Nuuk for four months (Nielsen2012:§6.6-6.9)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:qaammat", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qaammat#e6954", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qaammat#e6954", "Bjornum2012:6-diverse", "Bjornum2012:K6§1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2d", "Nielsen2012:§6.6-6.9", "Nielsen2012:§6.6.2", "Oqaatsit1997:qaammat#e12121", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaammat#e11356", "Katersat:lex_28152" ], "id": "qaammat", "category": "nouns", "plain_gloss": { "en": "moon; month", "en_short": "moon", "source": "generated" } } ], "appa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "common murre; guillemot (Uria; a cliff-nesting auk). Source species labels vary -- Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts names Uria aalge (common murre/guillemot); Katersat rows gloss thick-billed murre / razorbill / alkefugl; Nielsen2012 and Oqaatsit1997 use lomvie / alk." }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "appa", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. N_naq_N's own notes use this stem to illustrate the -rnaq allomorph (appa -> apparnaq); Petersen1967's own declension-code entry lists it as a t-class noun with aap/aat (vowel-stem -p/-t), matching vowel_final_stem / declension_class:p. No MOFO nbases page is mirrored for this stem -- morphology_class is taken from the Petersen1967 codes plus the productive vowel-final attachment pattern already cited on N_naq_N, not from a MOFO facet dump." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "common murre; guillemot", "en_short": "common murre", "da": "lomvie; alk", "da_short": "lomvie", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated as a free noun and as an affix host: Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2 ('appa, lomvie; appanippoq, der er kommet lomvier') and §5.3.1.8.3 ('appa, alk, lomvie; appaliorpoq'), plus Oqaatsit1997/Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts headword rows.", "examples": [ { "surface": "appa", "natural": "common murre / guillemot (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "appanippoq", "natural": "razorbills/murres have arrived (Nielsen2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:appa#e1638", "Oqaatsit1997:appa#e1668", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.5.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.3", "Kleinschmidt1871:appa#e65", "SchultzLorentzen1926:appa#e118", "SchultzLorentzen1927:appa#e118", "Petersen1967:appa#e49", "Katersat:lex_4298" ], "id": "appa", "category": "nouns" } ], "niisa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "harbour porpoise; porpoise (Phocoena). Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts glosses the same headword more broadly as 'dolphin'; Oqaatsit1997 and Katersat give the narrower marsvin / harbour-porpoise sense used here." }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niisa", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. N_naq_N's own notes use this stem to illustrate the -rnaq allomorph (niisa -> niisarnaq); Petersen1967 lists the derived -rnaq form on this headword's own code line. Katersat FST root is niisa+N+Abs+Sg. No MOFO nbases page is mirrored for this stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "harbour porpoise; porpoise", "en_short": "harbour porpoise", "da": "marsvin", "da_short": "marsvin", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "marsvin", "singular_definite": "marsvinet", "plural": "marsvin", "plural_definite": "marsvinene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Orthography-chapter corroboration in Nielsen2012:§2.2 (niisa ← nîsa); dictionary headword across Kleinschmidt1871 / Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts.", "examples": [ { "surface": "niisa", "natural": "harbour porpoise (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "niisarnaq", "natural": "pilot whale (the N-like form from this stem + N_naq_N; independently attested as a dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niisa#e8643", "Oqaatsit1997:niisa#e9161", "Nielsen2012:§2.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:niisa#e6102", "SchultzLorentzen1926:niisa#e12278", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niisa#e12278", "Petersen1967:niisa#e7042", "Katersat:lex_18156", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71663", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77141" ], "id": "niisa", "category": "nouns" } ], "nateq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "floor; bottom (of a room, vessel, valley, etc.)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:nateq:bf803445b528", "items": [ { "text": "floor; bottom (of a room, vessel, valley, etc.)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nateq#e8447", "Oqaatsit1997:nateq", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Kleinschmidt1871:nateq#e5776", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nateq#e11657", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nateq#e11657", "Petersen1967:nateq#e6627", "Katersat:lex_17333" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nateq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6 and Bjornum2012:K4§2f explicitly classify the selected qq series as strong q-stem metathesis-like forms, not a weak q-stem. Use the observed strong up/it operation without a reconstructed stem. The historical process is not asserted to be true metathesis. Bjornum also preserves weak natip/natit alternatives; the selected strong series is not exclusive. Possessive forms have their own source scope; no complete possessive paradigm is inferred.", "Bjornum restricts the bare noun to floor and allows floor/bottom in possessed forms. The modern dictionaries attest bare bottom as well. Preserve this source-specific difference rather than claiming that all witnesses have identical semantic scope.", "Oqaatsit1997 splits 'gulv' and 'bund' into two same-spelled rows (e8944/e8945); Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts keeps both senses on one row (e8447). This entry treats them as one polysemous lexeme (floor; bottom) -- bare Oqaatsit1997:nateq is listed in scripts/known_ambiguous_citations.txt for that reason." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "floor; bottom", "en_short": "floor", "da": "gulv; bund", "da_short": "gulv; bund", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The strong qq grammatical-case series is independently given by Nielsen2012:§7.1/§4.1.4.2.6 and Bjornum2012:K4§2f. Nielsen gives instrumental natermik; Bjornum lists locative natermi, not the identical oblique cell. Possessive and lexicalized forms retain their own scope; Petersen1967 also gives qq.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nateq", "natural": "floor / bottom (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "naqqup", "natural": "floor's / bottom's (ergative/relative singular; selected strong qq series)" }, { "surface": "naqqit", "natural": "floors / bottoms (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "naqqa", "natural": "its floor / bottom (possessive 3sg; Bjornum2012 / Kleinschmidt1871)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nateq#e8447", "Oqaatsit1997:nateq", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Kleinschmidt1871:nateq#e5776", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nateq#e11657", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nateq#e11657", "Petersen1967:nateq#e6627", "Katersat:lex_17333" ], "id": "nateq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uummat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "heart" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uummat", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Alveolar/tə-stem (same class as this repo's angut/aqqut/qaammat): Petersen1967's own code line is 't ip, it', and Nielsen2012:§2.2's orthography table lists uummat ← ũmat. MOFO's N_naq_N page analyses the Uummannaq host as {uummatə}N -- matching alveolar_schwa_stem -- and uses it to illustrate left_sandhi:schwa_deletion (uummatə + naq -> Uummannaq). No separate MOFO nbases page is mirrored for the bare stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "heart", "da": "hjerte", "da_short": "hjerte", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hjerte", "singular_definite": "hjertet", "plural": "hjerter", "plural_definite": "hjerterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3 ('uummat, hjerte; uummaserivoq'), §5.5.1.5 (uummat as the deverbal 'heart' from uumavoq), §5.5.2.1 (uummataasaq), and Bjornum2012:K9 (uummatitorpoq / uummataasaq), plus dictionary headwords.", "examples": [ { "surface": "uummat", "natural": "heart (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "uummataasaq", "natural": "Christmas heart ornament (Nielsen2012 / Bjornum2012)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uummat#e17592", "Oqaatsit1997:uummat#e18572", "Nielsen2012:§2.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K9", "Kleinschmidt1871:uummat#e9379", "SchultzLorentzen1926:uummat#e19345", "SchultzLorentzen1927:uummat#e19345", "Petersen1967:uummat#e11936", "Katersat:lex_35589", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44401" ], "id": "uummat", "category": "nouns" } ], "allu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "seal's breathing hole in the ice; opening in ice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allu", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. Kleinschmidt1871 gives the possessed form allua, and N_aq_N's own cited example alluaq preserves the host unchanged before -aq. No full noun paradigm was located in this sweep, so declension_class and inflectional alternations are intentionally left unspecified." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "seal's breathing hole in the ice", "da": "sælens åndehul i isen", "da_short": "åndehul i isen", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independent headword support in Oqaatsit1997 and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts; N_aq_N's own pedagogy cites alluaq ('fishing hole in ice') as an example built from this host.", "examples": [ { "surface": "allu", "natural": "seal's breathing hole in the ice" }, { "surface": "alluaq", "natural": "fishing hole in ice (allu + N_aq_N; independently attested)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allu#e1092", "Oqaatsit1997:allu#e1109", "Kleinschmidt1871:allu#e44", "SchultzLorentzen1926:allu#e105", "SchultzLorentzen1927:allu#e105", "Petersen1967:allu#e37" ], "id": "allu", "category": "nouns" } ], "naaja": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "seagull; gull" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naaja", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. Petersen1967 records naaja and its derivational forms but gives no full noun paradigm; naajaaq is listed separately with its own endings. Model only the vowel-final stem shape here and leave declension_class and inflectional alternations unspecified." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "seagull; gull", "en_short": "seagull", "da": "måge", "da_short": "måge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "måge", "singular_definite": "mågen", "plural": "måger", "plural_definite": "mågerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independent headword support in Oqaatsit1997, Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts, and Bjornum2012:K1§2 (naaja, 'a gull'); N_aq_N's own pedagogy cites naajaaq ('young seagull') from this host.", "examples": [ { "surface": "naaja", "natural": "seagull; gull" }, { "surface": "naajaaq", "natural": "young seagull (naaja + N_aq_N; independently attested)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naaja#e7564", "Oqaatsit1997:naaja#e7983", "Kleinschmidt1871:naaja#e5797", "SchultzLorentzen1926:naaja#e11712", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naaja#e11712", "Petersen1967:naaja#e6670", "Bjornum2012:K1§2", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84456" ], "id": "naaja", "category": "nouns" } ], "naatsiiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "potato; cultivated plant (esp. potato / root crop)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naatsiiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "#771 Alltagstamm: admit atomic naatsiiaq so Deconstruct can host potato morphology (naatsiiartor-, naatsiiassaq, …) without requiring grow-naa_grow + V_tsiiaq_N to outrank finish-homograph naa.", "Katersat FST cites atomic naatsiiaq+N (lex_6371); related naatsiiassaq = naatsiiaq+SSAQ (lex_17011); naatsiiartuumavoq = naatsiiaq+TUR+GUMA (lex_143681). Prefer composition for those extensions once the host stem exists — do not mint them as separate stems here.", "Etymological composition naa_grow + V_tsiiaq_N ('something awaited to grow') remains valid pedagogy (MOFO/AITWG-Affixes; Kleinschmidt lit. 'det på hvis fremvækst man venter'); the atomic stem is the citation form Oqaasileriffik/Katersat expose." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "potato; cultivated plant", "en_short": "potato", "da": "kartoffel; dyrket vækst", "da_short": "kartoffel", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naatsiiaq", "natural": "potato (absolutive singular; Oqaatsit1997:e8242; Katersat lex_6371)" }, { "surface": "naatsiiat", "natural": "potatoes (absolutive plural; Kleinschmidt1871:e5833)" }, { "surface": "naatsiiassaq", "natural": "seed / potato-seed (naatsiiaq+SSAQ; Katersat lex_17011)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naatsiiaq#e8242", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naatsiiaq#e7796", "Kleinschmidt1871:naatsiiaq#e5833", "SchultzLorentzen1926:naatsiiaq#e11750", "Katersat:lex_6371" ], "id": "naatsiiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "igalaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "window" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "igalaaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Long-vowel-final weak q-stem: Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.2 and Bjornum2012:K4§2 document the vowel-initial possessive igalaava ('his window'), while Petersen1967:igalaaq#e1541 records the standard -aap/-aat paradigm. The v is the regular hiatus breaker after aa (§2.5.17), not stem-final q retention." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "window", "da": "vindue", "da_short": "vindue", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vindue", "singular_definite": "vinduet", "plural": "vinduer", "plural_definite": "vinduerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "igalaava", "natural": "his/her/its window (Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.2)" }, { "surface": "igalaap", "natural": "window's (ergative singular; Petersen1967 paradigm)" }, { "surface": "igalaat", "natural": "windows (absolutive plural; Petersen1967 paradigm)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.2", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.17", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "Petersen1967:igalaaq#e1541", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:igalaaq#e3363", "Oqaatsit1997:igalaaq#e3509", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84725" ], "id": "igalaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "atuagaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "book" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atuagaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "R-stem in -gaq; Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2 and §4.1.4.1.3, plus Bjornum2012:K4§3b, explicitly state that -gaq stems geminate. The voiced fricative /g/ devoices in its doubled spelling, yielding kk (AITWG:§3.10); atuakkat is directly shown in Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2.", "Modern paired atuakkat rows explicitly label the headword plural; retain it as the independently grammatical atuagaq plural example, not a separate singular book stem. The modern English row also glosses book; its word-class label and Danish plural wording bound that translation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "book", "da": "bog", "da_short": "bog", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atuakkat", "natural": "books (absolutive plural; Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2)" }, { "surface": "atuakkap", "natural": "book's (ergative singular; regular -gaq gemination)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§3b", "AITWG:§3.10", "Petersen1967:atuagaq#e1068", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuagaq#e2380", "Oqaatsit1997:atuagaq#e2432", "Oqaatsit1997:atuakkat#e2438", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuakkat#e2384", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41274", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44359" ], "id": "atuagaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sikaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cigar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sikaaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Long-vowel-final weak q-stem: Petersen1967:sikaaq#e9474 records -aap/-aat. Nielsen2012's own N_araq_N example (sikaavaraq) independently shows q truncation before a vowel-initial affix and v epenthesis after aa; this models the host as a regular weak q-stem without adding the derivation itself." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cigar", "da": "cigar", "da_short": "cigar", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "cigar", "singular_definite": "cigaren", "plural": "cigarer", "plural_definite": "cigarerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sikaap", "natural": "cigar's (ergative singular; Petersen1967 paradigm)" }, { "surface": "sikaat", "natural": "cigars (absolutive plural; Petersen1967 paradigm)" }, { "surface": "sikaavaraq", "natural": "cigarillo (Nielsen2012's sikaaq + -araq example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.2", "Nielsen2012:§2.5", "Petersen1967:sikaaq#e9474", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sikaaq#e13844", "Oqaatsit1997:sikaaq#e14763", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75150" ], "id": "sikaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akkak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "uncle (father's brother)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akkak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Strong, regular up-declined k-stem. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.1 gives akkaap, akkaat, akkammik; Bjornum2012:K4§2c explicitly groups akkak with regular strong k-stems inuk and panik. No gemination is modeled." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "uncle (father's brother)", "da": "farbror", "da_short": "farbror", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "farbror", "singular_definite": [ "farbroren", "farbroderen" ], "plural": "farbrødre", "plural_definite": "farbrødrene" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akkaap", "natural": "uncle's (ergative singular; Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.1)" }, { "surface": "akkaat", "natural": "uncles (absolutive plural; Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.1)" }, { "surface": "akkammik", "natural": "with an uncle (instrumental singular; Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.1)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2c", "Petersen1967:akkak#e245", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akkak#e764", "Oqaatsit1997:akkak#e772", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78331" ], "id": "akkak", "category": "nouns" } ], "sianeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bell; ringer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sianeq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "Strong, up-declined q-stem with schwa-conditioned metathesis. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6/§7.1 and Bjornum2012:K4§2f give siarngup, siarngit, sianermik: grammatical cases have the explicitly written rng series, while the instrumental retains the citation stem. These cited sianeq forms do not give an optional-g spelling. The current runtime does not implement this nasal outcome; the source examples do not prove runtime coverage.", "Execution checkpoint: inspected oq-api fc4e5097 (0.4.25) marks sianequp/sianeqit approximate for the cited siarngup/siarngit cells. Preserve the stored source class and existing cited examples. The Petersen rn(g) facet is separate source evidence and does not by itself approve an unreviewed optional-g execution rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bell; ringer", "en_short": "bell", "da": "klokke; ringeapparat", "da_short": "klokke", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The source paradigms distinguish the metathesizing grammatical cases from the non-metathesizing oblique instrumental; do not regularize sianeq to a weak q-stem.", "examples": [ { "surface": "siarngup", "natural": "bell's (ergative singular; Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "siarngit", "natural": "bells (absolutive plural; Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "sianermik", "natural": "with a bell (instrumental singular; non-metathesizing oblique form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Petersen1967:sianeq#e9931", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sianeq#e13761", "Oqaatsit1997:sianeq#e14679" ], "id": "sianeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "mattak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "edible whale skin with some of the blubber; muktuk" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mattak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§1 explicitly classifies mattak as a strong k-stem. This supports the velar-retaining stem type; no more specific alternation is asserted here. The noun is independently verified as a dictionary headword, and Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1 supplies the compositional denominal example mattaajarpaa." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "edible whale skin with some of the blubber; muktuk", "en_short": "edible whale skin with some of the blubber", "da": "mattak (hvalhud)", "da_short": "mattak", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "mattak", "natural": "edible whale skin with some blubber (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "mattaajarpaa", "natural": "he cuts the mattak off it (Nielsen2012's example; see N_iaq_Vb)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.1", "Petersen1967:mattak#e5773", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mattak#e7172", "Oqaatsit1997:mattak#e7566" ], "id": "mattak", "category": "nouns" } ], "ussuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ussuk", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Petersen1967's headword row labels ussuk as t-class and gives the derived form -ssuaq; this supports a regular consonant-final stem but does not supply an inflectional paradigm here, so declension_class is omitted. The attested composition ussuk + N_vaaluk_N -> ussuppaaluit directly shows the k+p sequence realized as pp in this derived form; this entry does not generalize that observation into a productive sandhi rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bearded seal", "da": "remmesæl", "da_short": "remmesæl", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "remmesæl", "singular_definite": "remmesælen", "plural": "remmesæler", "plural_definite": "remmesælerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ussuppaaluit", "natural": "a group of bearded seals (Oqaatsit1997; see N_vaaluk_N)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ussuk#e17429", "Oqaatsit1997:-:paaluit#e12040", "Petersen1967:ussuk#e11643", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.96321" ], "id": "ussuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "itersaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "depression; low place on a surface" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "itersaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Petersen1967's headword row directly records the derived form -saruaq, corresponding to itersaq + N_rujaq_N -> itersaruaq. This supports the cited lexicalized composition only; no independent paradigm was located to assign a declension class or productive host behavior." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "depression; low place on a surface", "en_short": "depression", "da": "fordybning", "da_short": "fordybning", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fordybning", "singular_definite": "fordybningen", "plural": "fordybninger", "plural_definite": "fordybningerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "itersaruaq", "natural": "a pock mark (Petersen1967; lexicalized N_rujaq_N formation)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:itersaq#e5263", "Oqaatsit1997:itersaq#e5409", "Petersen1967:itersaq#e2751", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93473" ], "id": "itersaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qaleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ribbon for decorating packages" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaleq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "The exact host sense is independently pinned: Oqaatsit1997 gives qaleq 'pyntebånd' and the affix's qalequtaq entry is 'betræk'; Oqaasileriffik likewise gives 'ribbon for decorating packages' and 'pillow case; comforter cover; duvet cover'. This matches the N_qutaq_N example's stated host and derived sense. No inflectional paradigm was located, so no morphology class is assigned." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ribbon for decorating packages", "da": "pyntebånd", "da_short": "pyntebånd", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qalequtaq", "natural": "pillow case; duvet cover (Oqaatsit1997; lexicalized N_qutaq_N formation)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaleq#e11549", "Oqaatsit1997:qaleq#e12314" ], "id": "qaleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qanak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ridge pole of a tent" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qanak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Petersen1967's headword row lists its t-class code and the derived example -ttaq; no independent paradigm was found to resolve the class ambiguity of the aap/aat codes, so morphology_class is omitted. The lexicalized form qanaguaq is also attested, but its -guaq/-ruaq relationship is explicitly irregular across k-final hosts in N_rujaq_N's notes and is not encoded as a productive composition here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ridge pole of a tent", "da": "teltstang (en overligger)", "da_short": "teltstang", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "teltstang", "singular_definite": "teltstangen", "plural": "teltstænger", "plural_definite": "teltstængerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qanak", "natural": "ridge pole of a tent (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qanaguaq", "natural": "auxiliary tent pole; auxiliary roof beam (lexicalized; see N_rujaq_N)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qanak#e11682", "Oqaatsit1997:qanak#e12447", "Petersen1967:qanak#e3201", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94303" ], "id": "qanak", "category": "nouns" } ], "tuttu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "caribou; reindeer (Rangifer tarandus; barren-ground caribou in Greenland)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuttu", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. Petersen1967's own code line is bare 't' (no aap/aat / ip,it / gemination code), matching vowel_final_stem / declension_class:p. Independently used throughout Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 as a plain vowel-stem animal-name host (tuttuppoq, tuttunniaq, tuttutaq)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "caribou; reindeer", "en_short": "caribou", "da": "rensdyr; ren", "da_short": "rensdyr", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated as a free noun and as an affix host across Nielsen2012 (§5.5.2.1 tuttunniaq; §6.1 tuttunik takunnippoq) and Bjornum2012 (K1§2 orthography example; K9§6 tuttuppoq / tuttutaq), plus dictionary headwords.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tuttu", "natural": "caribou / reindeer (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "tuttunniaq", "natural": "a caribou/reindeer hunter (Nielsen2012's own ÷nniaq example)" }, { "surface": "tuttuppoq", "natural": "he has caught a caribou/reindeer (Bjornum2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuttu#e16561", "Oqaatsit1997:tuttu#e17464", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.1", "Nielsen2012:§6.1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:tuttu#e8924", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tuttu#e18401", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tuttu#e18401", "Petersen1967:tuttu#e11311", "Katersat:lex_33521" ], "id": "tuttu", "category": "nouns" } ], "puisi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "seal (Phocidae; the ordinary Greenlandic word for 'seal' as game/animal)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "puisi", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. Petersen1967's own code line is bare 't'. Bjornum2012:K9§6 records the lexicalised etymology from puivoq ('comes up out of the water') but the modern citation form is the free noun puisi. Katersat FST sometimes analyses the surface as a deverbal -tuq form; this entry follows the modern-dictionary headword (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik) and the grammarians' own host-stem treatment." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "seal", "da": "sæl; sælhund", "da_short": "sæl", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§5.5.2.2 puiseerniaq / puisilik; §5.3.2 puisippoq) and Bjornum2012 (K1§2 orthography; K7§ syntax puisi tamaat; K9§6 puisippoq), plus dictionary headwords.", "examples": [ { "surface": "puisi", "natural": "seal (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "puisippoq", "natural": "he has caught a seal (Nielsen2012 / Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "puisilik", "natural": "a place with seals (Nielsen2012's ÷lik example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:puisi#e11068", "Oqaatsit1997:puisi#e11792", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K1§2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:puisi#e7218", "Petersen1967:puisi#e8692", "Katersat:lex_24189", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72566", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73329" ], "id": "puisi", "category": "nouns" } ], "savik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "knife" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "savik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Strong, up-declined k-stem with OPTIONAL gemination of /v/ to /ff/, per Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2 ('Stærke nominer med geminering: -k'): savik / saviup / saviit/saffit / savini/saffi / savimmik. Petersen1967 marks the same stem 't (gf)' -- geminating facultative -- matching the dual (ungeminated majority + geminated alternate) pattern. Primary forms modeled here are the regular up-declined set (saviup, saviit, savimmik); geminated saffit/saffi/sappik (historical dual) are recorded in pedagogy, not as a separate gemination:{from,to} assertion, because Nielsen lists them as co-attested alternates rather than the sole paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "knife", "da": "kniv", "da_short": "kniv", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "countability": "count", "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kniv", "singular_definite": "kniven", "plural": "knive", "plural_definite": "knivene" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Full paradigm independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2 and §7.1; Bjornum2012:K1§2 (savinguna) and K9§6 (savimineq / savilersorpoq) independently attest the lexeme as an affix host.", "examples": [ { "surface": "savik", "natural": "knife (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "saviup", "natural": "knife's (ergative/relative singular; regular up-declined)" }, { "surface": "saviit", "natural": "knives (absolutive plural; ungerminated alternate)" }, { "surface": "saffit", "natural": "knives (absolutive plural; geminated alternate, Nielsen2012)" }, { "surface": "savimineq", "natural": "iron / metal (lexicalised N_mineq_N derivative; independently a dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:savik#e13591", "Oqaatsit1997:savik#e14501", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:savik#e7658", "SchultzLorentzen1926:savik#e15456", "SchultzLorentzen1927:savik#e15456", "Petersen1967:savik#e9281", "Katersat:lex_29248", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78578" ], "id": "savik", "category": "nouns" } ], "imeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fresh water; drinking water (not seawater -- contrast imaq 'sea; contents')" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "imeq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "Strong q-stem with metathesis under inflection (imeq / ermup~erngup / ermit / imermik), the same Bjornum2012:K4§2f class as aaveq/qaneq/seqineq. Petersen1967's own code line marks 't rm ... ts ...' -- direct evidence for the metathesizing pattern. Nielsen2012:§7.1 lists the identical paradigm. Oblique cases keep the un-metathesized stem (imermik). No possessive paradigm is productively attested for this mass noun (Bjornum2012 notes the same gap for aaveq/imeq/seqineq).", "Not the same lexeme as this repo's imaq ('sea; contents'): different headword, different morphology (imaq is a plain weak q-stem without metathesis), and N_qaq_Vb's own imaqarpoq worked example correctly uses imaq, not this stem.", "Execution checkpoint: inspected oq-api fc4e5097 (0.4.25) marks imequp/imeqit approximate instead of executing the cited ermup/erngup and ermit/erngit grammatical forms. The independently attested metathesis class remains; instrumental imermik is a separate successful cell, not proof of complete paradigm execution." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fresh water; drinking water", "en_short": "fresh water", "da": "ferskvand", "da_short": "ferskvand", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "countability": "mass", "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ferskvand", "singular_definite": "ferskvandet", "plural": "ferskvande", "plural_definite": "ferskvandene" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Full metathesis paradigm independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§7.1 / §4.1.4.2.6 and Bjornum2012:K4§2f's own imeq row (ermup/erngup, ermit, imermik), plus Petersen1967's rm/ts codes.", "examples": [ { "surface": "imeq", "natural": "fresh water (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ermup", "natural": "fresh water's (ergative/relative singular; metathesis)" }, { "surface": "erngup", "natural": "fresh water's (alternate metathesized spelling, Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "ermit", "natural": "fresh waters (absolutive plural; metathesis)" }, { "surface": "imermik", "natural": "with fresh water (instrumental singular; un-metathesized oblique)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imeq#e4247", "Oqaatsit1997:imeq#e4369", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Kleinschmidt1871:imeq#e2340", "SchultzLorentzen1926:imeq#e4799", "SchultzLorentzen1927:imeq#e4799", "Petersen1967:imeq#e2124", "Katersat:lex_7988", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68976" ], "id": "imeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "orsoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "blubber; fat (esp. seal/whale blubber)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "orsoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Weak q-stem with no additional gemination under inflection (q deletes before consonant-initial endings), matching this repo's arnaq/qimmeq pattern. Petersen1967's own code line is bare 't' (no qq / gemination code). Productive truncative attachment is independently attested by Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2 and Bjornum2012:K9§6's own orsivik ('blubber shed') example -- the same N_livik_N pedagogy host this entry unblocks. Historical Kleinschmidt spelling orssoκ reflects orthography of the /rs/ cluster, not a geminating paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "blubber; fat", "en_short": "blubber", "da": "spæk; fedt", "da_short": "spæk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated as a free noun and as an affix host: Nielsen2012 (§5.5.2.2 orsivik; §5.3.1 orsorasappoq / orsuerluerpoq / orsiarpoq) and Bjornum2012 (K1§2 orthography; K9§6 orsivik), plus dictionary headwords.", "examples": [ { "surface": "orsoq", "natural": "blubber / fat (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "orsivik", "natural": "a blubber shed (Nielsen2012 / Bjornum2012's ÷livik example; independently a dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:orsoq#e9640", "Oqaatsit1997:orsoq#e10277", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1", "Bjornum2012:K1§2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Kleinschmidt1871:orsoq#e6481", "SchultzLorentzen1926:orsoq#e13088", "SchultzLorentzen1927:orsoq#e13088", "Petersen1967:orsoq#e7598", "Katersat:lex_21740", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42013", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77428" ], "id": "orsoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nipi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "voice; sound; tone" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nipi", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. Petersen1967's own code line is bare 't'. Productive vowel-stem attachment is independently attested by Nielsen2012's own nipaatsumik / nipaavoq-family examples built on this stem.", "Soft note: keep voice/sound *nipi* (this entry; Oqaatsit1997:nipi#e9300) distinct from stick/adhere *nipippoq* ('klæber'; Kleinschmidt1871:nipippoq#e6084 / nipippaa#e6089). Do not collapse this noun onto that IV family." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "voice; sound; tone", "en_short": "voice", "da": "stemme; røst; lyd", "da_short": "stemme; lyd", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§5.3.1.2 nipaatsumik 'quietly'; §5.3.1.8.1-family voice/sound examples) and dictionary headwords across Kleinschmidt1871 / Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nipi", "natural": "voice / sound (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "nipaatsumik", "natural": "quietly / softly (independently a dictionary headword built on this stem)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nipi#e8776", "Oqaatsit1997:nipi#e9300", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:nipi#e6060", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nipi#e12221", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nipi#e12221", "Petersen1967:nipi#e7010", "Katersat:lex_6894" ], "id": "nipi", "category": "nouns" } ], "nersut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "land animal (four-footed and warm-blooded, incl. the polar bear); domestic animal, livestock", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:nersut:21ad2b7a5187", "items": [ { "text": "land animal (four-footed and warm-blooded, incl. the polar bear); domestic animal, livestock", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nersut#e8582", "Oqaatsit1997:nersut#e9093", "Kleinschmidt1871:nersut", "Katersat:lex_17917" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nersut", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Plain, non-geminating weak t-final stem on the qimmeq precedent (uvular_deleting_stem/p). Petersen1951/1967 attest nersusiuppaa, and Katersat lex_17917 includes a nersut+LIUTE analysis; together these support this word and a possible liut derivation. They do not establish a productive /t/→/s/ selector before liut. Do not cite aki + liut (Katersat lex_1710) as a /t/+/l/ control: aki is vowel-final. Kleinschmidt1871's own headword gives 'nersut, et landdyr (firfodet og varmblodigt ... inkl. isbjørnen)'; Oqaatsit1997:nersut#e9093 and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nersut#e8582 confirm the modern headword." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "land animal; domestic animal, livestock", "en_short": "land animal (four-footed and warm-blooded, incl. the polar bear)", "da": "landpattedyr", "da_short": "landpattedyr", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nersut", "natural": "land animal (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "nersut kusanartoq", "natural": "a beautiful/magnificent animal (Kleinschmidt1871's own example phrase)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nersut#e8582", "Oqaatsit1997:nersut#e9093", "Kleinschmidt1871:nersut", "Katersat:lex_17917" ], "id": "nersut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ulu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ulu; women's knife (semicircular Inuit chopping knife)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ulu", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. Petersen1967's own code line is bare 't'. Oqaatsit1997 splits a same-spelled 'lance/harpoon blade' sense onto a second row (e17978); this entry cites only the women's-knife row (e17977), matching Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulu#e17011. Not the same stem as MOFO's {ulu(j)ak}N whose geminated plural ulussat is already a worked_example elsewhere." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ulu; women's knife", "en_short": "ulu", "da": "kvindekniv; ulu", "da_short": "ulu", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 orthography/host uses and by dictionary headwords (Kleinschmidt1871 / Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik).", "examples": [ { "surface": "ulu", "natural": "ulu / women's knife (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulu#e17011", "Oqaatsit1997:ulu#e17977", "Kleinschmidt1871:ulu#e9354", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ulu#e19291", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ulu#e19291", "Petersen1967:ulu#e11881", "Katersat:lex_120749" ], "id": "ulu", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikinngut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "friend; companion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikinngut", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Alveolar/tə-stem (same class as this repo's angut/aqqut/uummat): Petersen1967's own code line is 't ip, it', matching alveolar_schwa_stem / declension_class:p. Stem-before-consonant form surfaces with -i (ikinngutip)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "friend; companion", "en_short": "friend", "da": "ven; veninde; kammerat", "da_short": "ven", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "nominal_stem_class": "t_stem", "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§5.5.3 (ikinngunerpaaq 'best friend') and dictionary headwords (Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Petersen1967).", "examples": [ { "surface": "ikinngut", "natural": "friend (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ikinngunerpaaq", "natural": "best friend (Nielsen2012's -nerpaaq example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikinngut#e3531", "Oqaatsit1997:ikinngut#e3670", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ikinngut#e3990", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ikinngut#e3990", "Petersen1967:ikinngut#e1786", "Bjornum2012:K4§2d", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Ikinngut, Bøjningseksempel 126", "Katersat:lex_9216", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40223", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71550", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81694" ], "id": "ikinngut", "category": "nouns" } ], "kigut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tooth" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kigut", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Alveolar/tə-stem (same class as angut/ikinngut/uummat): Petersen1967's own code line is 't ip, it', matching alveolar_schwa_stem / declension_class:p." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tooth", "da": "tand", "da_short": "tand", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tand", "singular_definite": "tanden", "plural": "tænder", "plural_definite": "tænderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§5.3.1.4.2 kigutikkataavoq 'has rather big teeth'; §5.5.1 tooth-about-to-break-through example) and dictionary headwords (Kleinschmidt1871 / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Petersen1967).", "examples": [ { "surface": "kigut", "natural": "tooth (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kigutip", "natural": "tooth's (ergative/relative singular; tə-stem -ip)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kigut#e5954", "Oqaatsit1997:kigut#e6211", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:kigut#e4625", "Petersen1967:kigut#e4954", "Katersat:lex_10182", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42830" ], "id": "kigut", "category": "nouns" } ], "kamik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kamik; traditional Greenlandic skin boot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kamik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Strong k-stem with gemination, per Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2: kamik / kammip (kamiup) / kammit/kanngit (kamiit) / kamimmik. Petersen1967 marks 't ngm' with explicit tak-forms kanngit/kamiit/kammit -- the same dual (geminated majority + ungerminated/nasalised alternates) pattern. Primary forms modeled here follow Nielsen's geminated majority (kammip, kammit); kamiup/kamiit/kanngit are recorded in pedagogy as co-attested alternates. gemination:{from:m,to:mm} names the visible medial alternation in the majority paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kamik; Greenlandic skin boot", "en_short": "kamik", "da": "kamik; grønlandsk støvle", "da_short": "kamik", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular", "gemination": { "from": "m", "to": "mm" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Full paradigm independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2 and Petersen1967's ngm/tak line; Bjornum and dictionary headwords independently attest the lexeme.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kamik", "natural": "kamik / skin boot (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kammip", "natural": "boot's (ergative/relative singular; geminated majority)" }, { "surface": "kamiup", "natural": "boot's (ergative/relative singular; ungerminated alternate)" }, { "surface": "kammit", "natural": "boots (absolutive plural; geminated majority)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kamik#e5640", "Oqaatsit1997:kamik#e5875", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:kamik#e4184", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kamik#e8358", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kamik#e8358", "Petersen1967:kamik#e4571", "Katersat:lex_9167" ], "id": "kamik", "category": "nouns" } ], "palasi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "priest; Lutheran pastor (loanword)", "semantic_tags": [ "loanword" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "palasi", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final loanword host. Petersen1967's own code line is 't oqs' (loan/orthography marker) without aap/aat or gemination codes, matching vowel_final_stem / declension_class:p. Productive vowel-stem attachment is independently attested by Nielsen2012's own palasinngorpoq / palasiuvoq / palasippaa examples." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "priest; Lutheran pastor", "en_short": "priest", "da": "præst", "da_short": "præst", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "præst", "singular_definite": "præsten", "plural": "præster", "plural_definite": "præsterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§5.3.1.4.1 palasinngorpoq; §5.3.1.8.2 palasiuvoq 'looks like a priest'; §5.3.1.9 palasippaa) and dictionary headwords.", "examples": [ { "surface": "palasi", "natural": "priest (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "palasinngorpoq", "natural": "he has become a priest (Nielsen2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:palasi#e9853", "Oqaatsit1997:palasi#e10513", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:palasi#e6556", "SchultzLorentzen1926:palasi#e13203", "SchultzLorentzen1927:palasi#e13203", "Petersen1967:palasi#e7672", "Katersat:lex_21859", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52824" ], "id": "palasi", "category": "nouns" } ], "niaqoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "head" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niaqoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Weak q-stem geminating the stem-final /q/ to /qq/ before a consonant-initial ending (niaqoq / niaqqup / niaqqut / niaqqumik), per Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and §7.1. Petersen1967's own code line marks 't qq' -- direct evidence for gemination:{from:q,to:qq}, the same pairing already populated elsewhere in this repo (e.g. oqaq).", "Execution checkpoint: inspected oq-api fc4e5097 (0.4.25) returns unflagged niaqoqqup/niaqoqqit for the cited niaqqup/niaqqut cells. Original Nielsen page 33 confirms the printed forms. Preserve the independently cited weak, up-declined geminating profile and the underlying citation form; these consumer failures are not grounds for a reconstructed root or different source class." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "head", "da": "hoved", "da_short": "hoved", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hoved", "singular_definite": "hovedet", "plural": "hoveder", "plural_definite": "hovederne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "q", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Full paradigm independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 / §7.1 ('niaqoq, hoved, niaqqup, niaqqut, niaqqumik; niaqqi, sit hoved') and Petersen1967's qq code. Relative singular is niaqqup (up-shaped), so declension_class is up -- not p -- while keeping q->qq gemination (oqaq peer).", "examples": [ { "surface": "niaqoq", "natural": "head (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "niaqqup", "natural": "head's (ergative/relative singular; q->qq gemination)" }, { "surface": "niaqqut", "natural": "heads (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "niaqqi", "natural": "his/her own head (absolutive 4sg possessive; Nielsen2012)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niaqoq#e8601", "Oqaatsit1997:niaqoq#e9113", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Kleinschmidt1871:niaqoq#e5934", "SchultzLorentzen1926:niaqoq#e11996", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niaqoq#e11996", "Petersen1967:niaqoq#e6851", "Katersat:lex_17992", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41786" ], "id": "niaqoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "juulli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Christmas", "semantic_tags": [ "loanword" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "juulli", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final loanword host. Petersen1967's own code line is 't oqs' (loan/orthography marker) without gemination codes, matching vowel_final_stem / declension_class:p. Productive vowel-stem attachment is independently attested by Nielsen2012's juullilerput and Bjornum2012's juulligaa examples." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Christmas", "da": "jul", "da_short": "jul", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "jul", "singular_definite": "julen", "plural": "jule", "plural_definite": "julene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§5.3.1.8 juullilerput 'they are celebrating Christmas') and Bjornum2012 (K9 juulligaa 'had a good Christmas'), plus modern-dictionary headwords (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Petersen1967).", "examples": [ { "surface": "juulli", "natural": "Christmas (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "juullilerput", "natural": "they are celebrating Christmas (Nielsen2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:juulli#e5388", "Oqaatsit1997:juulli#e5559", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8", "Bjornum2012:K9", "Petersen1967:juulli#e2896", "Katersat:lex_8600", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.48309" ], "id": "juulli", "category": "nouns" } ], "taanna": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "that one (just mentioned); the anaphoric demonstrative 'that/he/she/it'" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taanna", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "Anaphoric member of Kleinschmidt's closed 'pegeord' class (Nielsen2012:§4.2): formed with the prefix {ta-} on una. Absolutive singular taanna, relative singular taassuma, absolutive/relative plural taakku/taakkua (Nielsen2012:§4.2.1; Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 52). Not ordinary p/up nominal declension -- inflection_sandhi is irregular for that dedicated demonstrative paradigm.", "Affix attachment is vowel-final: Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2's own +(r)piaq example is taanna → taannarpiaq, which is why stem_type is vowel_final_stem (matching N_piaq_N's already-keyed allomorph) rather than manna's demonstrative_root_stem. declension_class remains demonstrative.", "Petersen1967 has two same-spelled taanna rows. This entry pins the táuna / 'just mentioned' series (e10798), matching Oqaatsit1997:taanna#e16010 and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taanna#e15002. The other Petersen row (e10302, tak: inna) is the anaphoric of inn(g)a and is not this lexeme. Kleinschmidt1871:taanna#e2302 {taivna} is that other historical row and is not cited here.", "Katersat FST (lex_34630) analyses the surface as una+Prefix/TA -- corroboration that this is the lexicalized anaphoric pronoun, not a ghost stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "that one (just mentioned)", "en_short": "that one (just mentioned)", "da": "det dér; han dér", "da_short": "det dér", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated with a full matching declension table in Nielsen2012:§4.2.1 and Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 52, plus productive vowel-stem attachment in Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2 (taannarpiaq / taannaannaq).", "examples": [ { "surface": "taanna", "natural": "that one / he/she/it (just mentioned) (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "taassuma", "natural": "of that one (relative/ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "taakku", "natural": "those (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "taannarpiaq", "natural": "exactly that one (Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2's own +(r)piaq example; independently in Kleinschmidt1871:.rpiaq and Petersen1967:-rpiaq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taanna#e15002", "Oqaatsit1997:taanna#e16010", "Petersen1967:taanna#e10798", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "Katersat:lex_34630" ], "id": "taanna", "category": "nouns" } ], "iga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cooking pot; pot; pan" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iga", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. Petersen1967's own code line is 'iga (q), t -gaasaq, -gaaraq, qq': the bare 't' matches vowel_final_stem / declension_class:p. The parenthetical (q) and trailing qq mark historical/derived q-forms (Schultz-Lorentzen phrases such as igaq ikkullugu; lexicalised iggavik 'kitchen') and are NOT modeled as a geminating q-stem on this free noun -- Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.7 attaches +siaq directly (iga → igasiaq), the vowel-stem pattern.", "Not the same lexeme as igalaaq 'window' (Oqaatsit1997:igalaaq#e3509). N_lior_Vb's own Fortescue pedagogy example igaliorpaa is glossed there as 'making a window'; the independently attested host for that surface is this pot-stem (iga + -lior). igaliorpaa itself is not a modern-dictionary headword, so no worked_example is added for it." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cooking pot; pot; pan", "en_short": "cooking pot", "da": "gryde", "da_short": "gryde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gryde", "singular_definite": "gryden", "plural": "gryder", "plural_definite": "gryderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated as a free noun (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Kleinschmidt1871 / Schultz-Lorentzen) and as an affix host (Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.7 igasiaq).", "examples": [ { "surface": "iga", "natural": "cooking pot (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "igasiaq", "natural": "a pot one has bought or found (Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.7's own +siaq example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iga#e3352", "Oqaatsit1997:iga#e3498", "Petersen1967:iga#e1538", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.7", "Kleinschmidt1871:iga#e1794", "SchultzLorentzen1926:iga#e3601", "SchultzLorentzen1927:iga#e3601", "Katersat:lex_7395", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73856" ], "id": "iga", "category": "nouns" } ], "tunu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "back; backside; the rear side" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tunu", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. Petersen1967's own code line is bare 't' with '-rleq = tunulleq', matching vowel_final_stem / declension_class:p. Kleinschmidt1871 lists a double citation tunuk / tunu but states that all suffixes attach to tunu; modern dictionaries (Oqaatsit1997:tunu#e17307 / Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tunu#e16393) headword the vowel-final form.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2 derives tunullerpaaq ('allerbagerst') from this root + +llerpaaq; the same section's truncative twin is tunorlerpaaq. Katersat lex_39344 analyses tunullerpaaq as tunu+LLIQ+PAAQ. tunuller is not a dictionary headword. The lexicalised directional tunorleq/tunulleq ('hindmost') is a different, already-derived noun (Oqaatsit1997:tunorleq#e17306) and is not admitted here.", "Oqaatsit1997 also has a place-name row Tunu 'East Greenland'; this entry pins only the common-noun row e17307." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "back; backside", "en_short": "back", "da": "ryg; bagside", "da_short": "ryg; bagside", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated as a free noun and as the N_lliqpaaq_N host: Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2 tunullerpaaq / tunorlerpaaq, Petersen1967's -rleq line, plus modern-dictionary headwords.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tunu", "natural": "back / backside (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "tunullerpaaq", "natural": "the very furthest back (Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2's own +llerpaaq example)" }, { "surface": "tunorlerpaaq", "natural": "the very furthest back (Nielsen2012's truncative-variant twin on the same host)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tunu#e16393", "Oqaatsit1997:tunu#e17307", "Petersen1967:tunu#e11415", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:tunuk#e9074", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tunu#e18564", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tunu#e18564", "Katersat:lex_167275", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40409", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77330" ], "id": "tunu", "category": "nouns" } ], "biili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "car; automobile (Danish loanword, Greenlandised vowel-final shape)", "semantic_tags": [ "loanword" ], "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_alternatives", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:biili:e7761f191d7a", "items": [ { "text": "car", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the borrowed vehicle term", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:biili#e2608", "Oqaatsit1997:biili#e2720", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K6§12", "Bjornum2012:K1§4", "Oqaatsit1997:biilerpoq#e2718", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:biilerpoq#e2604" ], "rationale": "The cited English dictionary entry explicitly gives “car” and “automobile” as translations.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "automobile", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the borrowed vehicle term", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:biili#e2608", "Oqaatsit1997:biili#e2720", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K6§12", "Bjornum2012:K1§4", "Oqaatsit1997:biilerpoq#e2718", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:biilerpoq#e2604" ], "rationale": "The cited English dictionary entry explicitly gives “automobile” and “car” as translations.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "Danish loanword, Greenlandised vowel-final shape", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "etymological and form information", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:biili#e2608", "Oqaatsit1997:biili#e2720", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K6§12", "Bjornum2012:K1§4", "Oqaatsit1997:biilerpoq#e2718", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:biilerpoq#e2604" ], "rationale": "The cited linguistic sources support the borrowing/form note; it is not a gloss choice." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "biili", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final loanword host (same class as this repo's palasi/juulli). Not in Petersen1967 as a bare headword; morphology is pinned by Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3 and Bjornum2012:K6§12 / K1§4 (loanwords adapted to vowel-final -i shape). Host-final /i/ surfaces as 'e' before the loanword verbaliser's uvular /r/ (biili -> biiler-), the regular i-lowering-before-uvular orthographic pattern.", "Paired biilerpoq rows attest driving/going by car, corroborating the separately grammatical biili plus loanword verbalizer example. They do not establish the bare noun declension by themselves or license native hosts for this loanword-restricted derivation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "car; automobile", "en_short": "car", "da": "bil", "da_short": "bil", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bil", "singular_definite": "bilen", "plural": "biler", "plural_definite": "bilerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3 (biilerpoq) and Bjornum2012:K6§12 (same biilerpoq row in the transport-verbalisation table), plus modern-dictionary headwords.", "examples": [ { "surface": "biili", "natural": "car (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "biilerpoq", "natural": "he drives / goes by car (Nielsen2012 / Bjornum2012; independently a dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:biili#e2608", "Oqaatsit1997:biili#e2720", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K6§12", "Bjornum2012:K1§4", "Oqaatsit1997:biilerpoq#e2718", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:biilerpoq#e2604", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42395" ], "id": "biili", "category": "nouns" } ], "sikkili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bicycle (Danish loanword, Greenlandised vowel-final shape)", "semantic_tags": [ "loanword" ], "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:sikkili:4c89694938c2", "items": [ { "text": "bicycle (Danish loanword, Greenlandised vowel-final shape)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sikkili#e13876", "Oqaatsit1997:sikkili#e14796", "Bjornum2012:K6§12", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sikkili", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final loanword host (same class as biili/palasi/juulli). Not in Petersen1967 as a bare headword; morphology is pinned by Bjornum2012:K6§12 (sikkilerpoq in the transport-verbalisation table) and the same Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3 loanword-verbaliser pattern. Host-final /i/ -> 'e' before uvular /r/ (sikkili -> sikkiler-)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bicycle", "da": "cykel", "da_short": "cykel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "cykel", "singular_definite": "cyklen", "plural": "cykler", "plural_definite": "cyklerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Bjornum2012:K6§12 (sikkilerpoq / sikkilimik qarpoq pedagogy) and modern-dictionary headwords (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik).", "examples": [ { "surface": "sikkili", "natural": "bicycle (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "sikkilerpoq", "natural": "he cycles (Bjornum2012; independently a dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sikkili#e13876", "Oqaatsit1997:sikkili#e14796", "Bjornum2012:K6§12", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.3", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.45412" ], "id": "sikkili", "category": "nouns" } ], "simiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cork; plug; wooden stopper (esp. the plug used to stop a seal's wound so the blood does not run out; also ordinary bottle cork by extension)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "simiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Weak aq-stem. Petersen1967's own code line is bare 't' (with a parenthetical sense note) plus productive -rpaa / -aliorpoq derivatives -- no qq / gemination code -- matching uvular_deleting_stem / declension_class:p / strength:weak. N_iq_Vb's own left_sandhi:aq_truncative is independently attested on this host (simiaq -> simeerpaa)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cork; plug; wooden stopper", "en_short": "cork", "da": "træprop; prop (af træ i sælsår)", "da_short": "prop", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by MOFO nv/-iq (simeerpaa) and modern-dictionary headwords (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Schultz-Lorentzen / Petersen1967).", "examples": [ { "surface": "simiaq", "natural": "cork / plug (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "simeerpaa", "natural": "he uncorks it / pulls the plug out (N_iq_Vb; independently a dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:simiaq#e14047", "Oqaatsit1997:simiaq#e14963", "SchultzLorentzen1926:simiaq#e15978", "SchultzLorentzen1927:simiaq#e15978", "Petersen1967:simiaq#e9578", "Katersat:lex_30028" ], "id": "simiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qiteq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "middle; centre (of a thing). Distinct Oqaatsit1997/Oqaasileriffik row #e13339/#e12565 covers the waist/waistline sense of the same spelling -- this entry pins the 'middle' pedagogy host used by N_qutaq_N." }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qiteq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6 and Bjornum2012:K4§2f explicitly classify the selected qq series as strong q-stem metathesis-like forms, not a weak q-stem. Use the observed strong up/it operation without a reconstructed stem. The historical process is not asserted to be true metathesis. Bjornum also preserves weak qitip/qitit alternatives; the selected strong series is not exclusive. Possessive forms have their own source scope; no complete possessive paradigm is inferred.", "Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts each split 'middle' and 'waist' into two same-spelled rows; this entry pins the middle sense via Oqaatsit1997:qiteq#e13338 / Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiteq#e12564 (N_qutaq_N pedagogy host)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "middle; centre", "en_short": "middle", "da": "midte", "da_short": "midte", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "midte", "singular_definite": "midten" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Selected strong q-stem paradigm independently given by Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6 and Bjornum2012:K4§2f; Petersen1967 also gives qq (tak: qeqqa). N_qutaq_N independently cites qiteqqutaq ('half a loaf of rye bread') from this host, and that surface is a modern-dictionary headword.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qiteq", "natural": "middle / centre (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qiteqqutaq", "natural": "half a loaf of rye bread (N_qutaq_N counterexample in MOFO; independently a dictionary headword)" }, { "surface": "qeqqup", "natural": "middle: relative singular (selected strong qq series; Nielsen/Bjornum)" }, { "surface": "qeqqit", "natural": "middles: absolutive plural (selected strong qq series; Nielsen/Bjornum)" }, { "surface": "qitermik", "natural": "middle: instrumental singular (strong oblique stem; Nielsen/Bjornum)" }, { "surface": "ullup qeqqa", "natural": "noon (lexicalized possessive expression; Bjornum K4§2f)" }, { "surface": "ullup qeqqanut", "natural": "at twelve o'clock (lexicalized possessive expression; Bjornum K4§2f)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiteq#e12564", "Oqaatsit1997:qiteq#e13338", "Kleinschmidt1871:qiteq#e3798", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qiteq#e7631", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qiteq#e7631", "Petersen1967:qiteq#e4003", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43207" ], "id": "qiteq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tunuleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the hindmost one; one behind something" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tunuleq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Weak q-stem (positional -leq form; Petersen1967 equates it with timileq and marks bare 't' with no qq gemination code), matching uvular_deleting_stem / declension_class:p / strength:weak. Productive truncative attachment is the pattern N_qutaq_N records for tunulequtaq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the hindmost one; one behind it", "en_short": "the hindmost one", "da": "én der er bagved; bagest", "da_short": "bagest", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Schultz-Lorentzen / Petersen1967 headwords; N_qutaq_N cites tunulequtaq from this host (independently a dictionary headword).", "examples": [ { "surface": "tunuleq", "natural": "the hindmost one (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "tunulequtaq", "natural": "backer / mastermind (lexicalised N_qutaq_N derivative; independently a dictionary headword -- sense pinned to Oqaatsit1997:tunulequtaq#e17318)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tunuleq#e16405", "Oqaatsit1997:tunuleq#e17317", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tunuleq#e18584", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tunuleq#e18584", "Petersen1967:tunuleq#e11422", "Katersat:lex_34777" ], "id": "tunuleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tusagassiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "news item; message; announcement (esp. radio broadcast)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tusagassiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Plain, non-geminating weak q-stem on the qimmeq precedent (uvular_deleting_stem/p): stem-final /q/ deletes before the ccaqqik affix (tusagassiaq + ssaqqik -> tusagassiassaqqissoq), the ordinary k-initial truncative pattern AITWG:§2.4 Definition 2.7 grounds. Ordbogi1977:tusagassiaq ('radioudsendelse(-n); meddelelse(-n)') and Oqaatsit1997:tusagassiaq#e17386 confirm the modern headword; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tusagassiaq#e16482 ('message; news; announcement') closes the lexeme-validation bar." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "news item; message; announcement", "en_short": "news item", "da": "nyhed; meddelelse", "da_short": "nyhed", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tusagassiaq", "natural": "news item; announcement (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tusagassiaq#e16482", "Oqaatsit1997:tusagassiaq#e17386", "Ordbogi1977:tusagassiaq", "Katersat:lex_248873", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43885", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90458" ], "id": "tusagassiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sanileq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "neighbour; person next to one (also at table)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sanileq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Weak q-stem (positional -leq form, same sandhi-truncative class N_qutaq_N groups with alleq/tunuleq). Oqaatsit1997 has a second same-spelled row #e14266: the table-companion idiom *nereqatigiinnermi sanileq* (borddame/bordherre), not an empty sibling. This entry pins the neighbour sense via #e14265 / Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sanileq#e13368." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "neighbour; person next door", "en_short": "neighbour", "da": "sidemand; nabo", "da_short": "nabo", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik headwords; N_qutaq_N cites sanilequtaq ('wife; woman one lives with') from this host, independently a dictionary headword.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sanileq", "natural": "neighbour (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "sanilequtaq", "natural": "wife; woman one lives with (lexicalised N_qutaq_N derivative; independently a dictionary headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sanileq#e13368", "Oqaatsit1997:sanileq#e14265", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sanileq#e15121", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sanileq#e15121", "Katersat:lex_6807", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.58591", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89708" ], "id": "sanileq", "category": "nouns" } ], "oqaaseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "word; gloss; dictionary entry" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqaaseq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Weak q-stem with inflectional Flexionsgemination. Petersen1967's code line marks 't ts'; Bjornum2012:K4§2e lists all -seq nouns as geminating (s→ts, surface -tsit); Oqaatsit1997 headword oqaatsit cross-references singular oqaaseq ('ord / gloser / opslagsord'). Modeled as uvular_deleting_stem / declension_class:p / strength:weak with gemination:{from:s,to:ts} — parallel to taseq→tatsit (docs/investigations/morphophonology/flexionsgemination-uvular.md; issue #748). Productive -seraa / -rluut / -rsivaa remain derivative notes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "word; gloss", "en_short": "word", "da": "ord; glose; opslagsord", "da_short": "ord", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2 (oqaasileritooq), Oqaatsit1997:oqaatsit (pl. of oqaaseq), Petersen1967 't ts', and Bjornum2012:K4§2e's general -seq gemination class (cf. taseq/tatsit).", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqaaseq", "natural": "word (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "oqaatsit", "natural": "words / glosses / headwords (absolutive plural; Oqaatsit1997:oqaatsit)" }, { "surface": "oqaasileritooq", "natural": "a linguist / one highly inclined to work with words (Nielsen2012's ÷leritooq example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqaaseq#e9308", "Oqaatsit1997:oqaaseq#e9946", "Oqaatsit1997:oqaatsit#e9993", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "SchultzLorentzen1926:oqaaseq#e12927", "SchultzLorentzen1927:oqaaseq#e12927", "Petersen1967:oqaaseq#e7477", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "oqaaseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajoqi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "catechist; teacher (esp. a trained Greenlander who teaches Christian doctrine in smaller settlements)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajoqi", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. Petersen1967's own code line is bare 't' with plural equated to -qiit (ajoqiit), matching vowel_final_stem / declension_class:p. No gemination code." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "catechist; teacher", "en_short": "catechist", "da": "kateket", "da_short": "kateket", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kateket", "singular_definite": "kateketen", "plural": "kateketer", "plural_definite": "kateketerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Petersen1967 headwords; frequently cited across denominal-noun and nominal-modifier pedagogy (ajoqeraq / ajoqersuisoq naming).", "examples": [ { "surface": "ajoqi", "natural": "catechist (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajoqi#e474", "Oqaatsit1997:ajoqi#e476", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ajoqi#e394", "Petersen1967:ajoqi#e164", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56080" ], "id": "ajoqi", "category": "nouns" } ], "tumi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "footprint; track; trail" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tumi", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final host. Petersen1967's own code line is bare 't' (with -rsuaq / -rpassuit derivatives), matching vowel_final_stem / declension_class:p." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "footprint; track", "en_short": "footprint", "da": "fodspor; spor", "da_short": "fodspor", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Kleinschmidt1871 / Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Petersen1967 headwords; denominal-verb pedagogy cites tumilerpoq from this host.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tumi", "natural": "footprint / track (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tumi#e16296", "Oqaatsit1997:tumi#e17222", "Kleinschmidt1871:tumi#e9052", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tumi#e18508", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tumi#e18508", "Petersen1967:tumi#e11393", "Katersat:lex_34740", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43507", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73480" ], "id": "tumi", "category": "nouns" } ], "nutaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "something new; new (as a free noun / quality stem)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nutaaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Weak aq-stem with the ordinary long-vowel -aaq paradigm (nutaaq / nutaap / nutaat). Petersen1967's 't aap, aat' here is the standard weak-aq relative/plural coding for -aaq stems -- NOT the same ambiguous aap,aat class that blocks mannik/mattak (those are k-stems where aap,aat alone does not distinguish up-declined regular from geminating weak). No qq gemination code on this headword. Bjornum2012 and Nielsen2012 independently use nutaaq as a plain q-final host (nutaangajak, nutaanngortippaa)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something new; new", "en_short": "something new", "da": "ny; en ny ting", "da_short": "ny", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (nutaanngortippaa) and Bjornum2012 (nutaangajak), plus dictionary headwords across Kleinschmidt1871 / Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Petersen1967.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nutaaq", "natural": "something new (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "nutaangajak", "natural": "almost new (Bjornum2012's N_ngajak_N example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nutaaq#e9219", "Oqaatsit1997:nutaaq#e9774", "Kleinschmidt1871:nutaaq#e6343", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nutaaq#e12791", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nutaaq#e12791", "Petersen1967:nutaaq#e7373", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K9", "Katersat:lex_8245" ], "id": "nutaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kuulti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "gold (Danish/European loanword, Greenlandised vowel-final shape)", "semantic_tags": [ "loanword" ], "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:kuulti:7f1b53113ad2", "items": [ { "text": "gold (Danish/European loanword, Greenlandised vowel-final shape)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kuulti#e6662", "Oqaatsit1997:kuulti#e6943", "Kleinschmidt1871:kuulti#e4760", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kuulti#e9628", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kuulti#e9628", "Petersen1967:kuulti#e5394", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1", "Bjornum2012:K9", "Katersat:lex_12310" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kuulti", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final loanword host. Petersen1967's own code line is 't oqs' (loan/orthography marker), matching vowel_final_stem / declension_class:p -- the same coding already used on this repo's palasi/juulli." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gold", "da": "guld", "da_short": "guld", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "guld", "singular_definite": "guldet" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (kuultinnappugut) and Bjornum2012 (kuultiterpaa), plus dictionary headwords across Kleinschmidt1871 / Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Petersen1967.", "examples": [ { "surface": "kuulti", "natural": "gold (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kuultinnappugut", "natural": "we won gold! (Nielsen2012's example)" }, { "surface": "kuultiterpaa", "natural": "he gilds it (Bjornum2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kuulti#e6662", "Oqaatsit1997:kuulti#e6943", "Kleinschmidt1871:kuulti#e4760", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kuulti#e9628", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kuulti#e9628", "Petersen1967:kuulti#e5394", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1", "Bjornum2012:K9", "Katersat:lex_12310", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41386" ], "id": "kuulti", "category": "nouns" } ], "qatanngut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sibling; brother or sister" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qatanngut", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Alveolar/tə-stem (same class as this repo's angut/aqqut/ikinngut/kigut/uummat): Petersen1967's own code line is 't ip, it', matching alveolar_schwa_stem / declension_class:p." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sibling; brother or sister", "en_short": "sibling", "da": "bror; søster", "da_short": "søskende", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Bjornum2012 (qatanngutigipput 'we are siblings') and dictionary headwords across Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Petersen1967.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qatanngut", "natural": "sibling (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qatanngutigipput", "natural": "we are siblings (Bjornum2012's example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qatanngut#e12009", "Oqaatsit1997:qatanngut#e12775", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qatanngut#e6859", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qatanngut#e6859", "Petersen1967:qatanngut#e3420", "Bjornum2012:K9", "Katersat:lex_25930" ], "id": "qatanngut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilaqutaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "family member; relative; next of kin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilaqutaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Weak aq-stem with inflectional Flexionsgemination. Petersen1967's code line marks 't utt'; Bjornum2012:K4§2e lists all -utaq nouns as geminating (t→tt) and gives the paradigm ilaqutaq / ilaquttap / ilaquttat / ilaquttamik; Nielsen2012:§7.1 and §4.1.4.1.3 independently list the same four forms. Modeled as uvular_deleting_stem / declension_class:p / strength:weak with gemination:{from:t,to:tt} — parallel to nalunaaqutaq (docs/investigations/morphophonology/flexionsgemination-uvular.md; issue #748). Collective -qutariit / -tariipput remain derivative notes, not a substitute for the inflectional declaration." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "family member; next of kin", "en_short": "family member", "da": "familiemedlem; pårørende; tilhørende", "da_short": "familiemedlem", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "t", "to": "tt" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§7.1 / §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e (full paradigm ilaqutaq/ilaquttap/ilaquttat/ilaquttamik) plus dictionary headwords across Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Petersen1967. Bjornum2012:K6 also notes 'ilaqutaq (har gemination: ilaquttat)'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilaqutaq", "natural": "family member / relative (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ilaquttap", "natural": "family member's / relative's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "ilaquttat", "natural": "family members / relatives (absolutive plural; stress-token Ilaquttat)" }, { "surface": "ilaquttamik", "natural": "a family member / relative (instrumental singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilaqutaq#e3730", "Oqaatsit1997:ilaqutaq#e3855", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ilaqutaq#e4149", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ilaqutaq#e4149", "Petersen1967:ilaqutaq#e1859", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Bjornum2012:K6", "Katersat:lex_33513" ], "id": "ilaqutaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilinniut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "textbook; learning material" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilinniut", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Alveolar schwa (tə) stem / p-declension, same class as angut / aqqut / peqqut. Citation Abs.sg ilinniut; before consonant-initial affixes the schwa surfaces as i (ilinniuti-), yielding Abs.pl ilinniutit and Rel.sg ilinniutip (AITWG:§3.4 ə-rule; AITWG:§6.7 p-class).", "Lexicalised free noun (textbook / lærebog). Historically compositional: AITWG:ch6 documents {əlitniaq}V{-utə}N{t} ⟹ ilinniutit (ilinniaq + V_ut_N + Abs.pl). Katersat:lex_122462 FST also lists ilip+NIUTE and related live paths — do not rely on live NIUTE/UT composition for prefer-catalog; the free stem closes the Misiliineq over-segmentation into ilit+V_niut_Vb+….", "Modern dictionaries often cite the Abs.pl as headword: Oqaatsit1997:ilinniutit#e3967 and Ordbogi1977:ilinniutit#e2017 mark t qass; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG 2018:ilinniutit#e3846 marks taggit qasseersiut. SchultzLorentzen1926/1927 and Katersat:lex_122462 still list Abs.sg ilinniut. Katersat:lex_189158 ilinniutit = skolebøger is the plural citation, not a second stem id.", "The cited University of Copenhagen catalog records Kalaallisut ilinniutipajuit as one 2026 textbook (1st ed., 151 pp.; https://researchprofiles.ku.dk/en/publications/kalaallisut-ilinniutipajuit-l%C3%A6rebog-for-gr%C3%B8nlandsk-som-fremmedspr/), but gives no morphological analysis. The final -it is compatible with the absolutive-plural ending form under the proposed N_ABS_PL chain (AITWG:§6.7, §7.5); treat that segmentation as a surface-based analysis, not a title-specific source statement. Oqaatsit1997, Ordbogi1977 and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG mark the headword ilinniutit as plural while glossing it as a textbook/lærebog in the singular, so plural morphology alone does not establish a series or multiple-book referent. Do not assign an affectionate diminutive gloss to -pajuk here: AITWG-Affixes:p.18 and Nielsen2012:§5.5.3.3 document the nominal modifier as bad/poor; their contrasting positive uses are exclamatory (illipajuk! / taannapajuk!), not a cited affectionate nominal reading. Title-specific semantics and the intended wordplay remain unresolved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "textbook", "en_short": "textbook", "da": "lærebog", "da_short": "lærebog", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lærebog", "singular_definite": "lærebogen", "plural": "lærebøger", "plural_definite": "lærebøgerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Textbook / learning-material noun. Modern headwords often Abs.pl ilinniutit; SL and Katersat still show Abs.sg ilinniut.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilinniut", "natural": "textbook (absolutive singular; SchultzLorentzen1926:ilinniut#e4344 / Katersat:lex_122462)" }, { "surface": "ilinniutit", "natural": "textbooks; lærebøger (absolutive plural; Oqaatsit1997:ilinniutit#e3967; common modern citation form)" }, { "surface": "ilinniutipajuit", "natural": "title word in Kalaallisut ilinniutipajuit, the title of one textbook (University of Copenhagen Research Portal, 2026; source does not provide a morphological gloss)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:ilinniut#e4344", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ilinniut#e4344", "Oqaatsit1997:ilinniutit#e3967", "Ordbogi1977:ilinniutit#e2017", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilinniutit#e3846", "Katersat:lex_122462", "Katersat:lex_189158", "AITWG:ch6", "AITWG:§3.4", "AITWG:§6.7", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97565" ], "id": "ilinniut", "category": "nouns" } ], "qipik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "duvet; blanket; comforter; quilt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qipik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Petersen1951:qipik#e3931 and Petersen1967:qipik#e3946 print 't kk' and the forms qikka / qikkit. They do not print the previously claimed qippiup, qippip or qippiit, and do not support the former p->pp pair. That pair is withdrawn. The retained geminating operation has no independently established encoding pair; consumers must flag the unresolved operation rather than silently generate a regular paradigm. The existing strong-k/up profile is retained pending a separate full paradigm review, not newly verified here. Do not interpret the tak forms as unpossessed plural cells without establishing their labels." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "duvet; blanket; comforter", "en_short": "duvet", "da": "dyne; tæppe; sengetæppe", "da_short": "dyne", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Petersen1951 and Petersen1967 print kk / tak (qikka, qikkit); their exact cell scope and an executable stem alternation remain unresolved. These forms do not establish the previously claimed pp paradigm. Dictionary headwords across Kleinschmidt1871 / Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik independently support the lexical entry.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qipik", "natural": "duvet / blanket (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qikka", "natural": "dictionary-listed inflected form; exact cell assignment remains under review" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qipik#e12485", "Oqaatsit1997:qipik#e13259", "Kleinschmidt1871:qipik#e3733", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qipik#e7533", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qipik#e7533", "Petersen1951:qipik#e3931", "Petersen1967:qipik#e3946" ], "id": "qipik", "category": "nouns" } ], "nuak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spittle; saliva; snivel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Respelling per the #14 probe: the triage headword \"nuaq\" is unattested everywhere; the spittle lexeme is nuak (k, not q) in Kleinschmidt1871, Rasmussen1893, SchultzLorentzen1926/1927, Ordbogi1977, Oqaatsit1997, and Katersat (lex_19204 spittle/saliva; lex_149551 cold/snivel share the spelling). Old orthography keeps k (katersat old_spelling \"nuak\"). Do not mint nuaq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spittle; saliva; snivel", "en_short": "spittle", "da": "spyt; snue", "da_short": "spyt; snue", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuak", "natural": "spittle; saliva (Kleinschmidt1871:nuak; Oqaatsit1997:nuak#e9485; Katersat:lex_19204)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:nuak#e6167", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nuak#e12440", "Oqaatsit1997:nuak#e9485", "Katersat:lex_19204" ], "id": "nuak", "category": "nouns" } ], "paaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "soot; gunpowder" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Homograph pin: three paaq lexemes share the spelling (I merganser/duck, II mouth/opening, III soot). This entry is the soot homograph only (old spelling paoq, vs pâq for duck/mouth; Katersat:lex_132703 da \"sod\"). Keep distinct from the paaq-superlative affix and from paaqqivaa \"take care of\" — same surface root, distinct lexemes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "soot; gunpowder", "en_short": "soot", "da": "sod; krudt", "da_short": "sod; krudt", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "paaq", "natural": "soot (Kleinschmidt1871:paaq#e6541; Oqaatsit1997:paaq#e10344; Katersat:lex_132703)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:paaq#e6541", "SchultzLorentzen1926:paaq#e13280", "Oqaatsit1997:paaq#e10344", "Katersat:lex_132703" ], "id": "paaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "attakut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "refuse heap; midden; manure heap" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "attakut", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Modern Danish e2394 and English e2344 explicitly label this lexical citation plural (qass/qasseersiut). Preserve attakut as the independently attested plural-shaped headword; do not infer a singular attak or analyze every heap as grammatically singular.", "Re-scoped per the #14 probe: the triage headword \"attak\" is unattested as a free stem (only attakut/attat/attakoorpoq exist); the authorable item is attakut as N, a main headword in 5 fronts. Katersat has no attakut lexeme but attakoorfik (lex_5639, FST attakoor+VIK) confirms the attakoor- stem family independently." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "refuse heap; midden; manure heap", "en_short": "refuse heap", "da": "køkkenmødding; mødding", "da_short": "køkkenmødding", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "attakut", "natural": "refuse heap; midden (SchultzLorentzen1926:attakut#e240; Oqaatsit1997:attakut#e2394)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:attakut#e240", "Oqaatsit1997:attakut#e2394", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:attakut#e2344", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76189", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78344" ], "id": "attakut", "category": "nouns" } ], "kammalaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "friend; pal; buddy; comrade" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kammalaat", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Alveolar/tə-stem (relative sapaatip-class -ip): Katersat FST lists both a compositional kammak+LAAQ line and a lexicalised kammalaat+N+Abs+Sg (lex_9215). Modeled as the lexicalised Abs.sg stem so productive case/enclitic attachment (kammalaatitllu) does not require live -laaq composition first.", "Homograph-adjacent to ikinngut ('friend; companion', already in this file) but a distinct headword (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Ordbogi1977)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "friend; pal; buddy", "en_short": "friend", "da": "kammerat; ven", "da_short": "kammerat", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated as a free noun headword (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Katersat / Ordbogi1977).", "examples": [ { "surface": "kammalaat", "natural": "friend / pal (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kammalaatit", "natural": "friends (absolutive plural; alveolar -it)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kammalaat#e5657", "Oqaatsit1997:kammalaat#e5891", "Ordbogi1977:kammalaat#e3078", "Katersat:lex_9215", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40223", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71550" ], "id": "kammalaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "aanaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "grandmother; grandma (esp. maternal; also general bedstemor)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aanaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Exact modern aanaa headwords independently attest grandmother and his/her grandmother. They confirm the existing example spelling and lexicalized reading, not every possessed cell or a restriction to maternal relatives.", "Weak q-stem. Abs 3sg/sg possessed surfaces as aanaa; Rel 3sg/sg possessed as aanaata — matching the stress-sentence token and Bjornum2012:K6§11's own 'aanaq (aanaa)' kinship pair. Lexicalised bare aanaa is also a Katersat Abs.sg analysis (lex_146733); this entry pins the dictionary citation form aanaq so both possessed cells rebuild without a second stem id.", "Not the same lexeme as anaana ('mother') or as anaq ('feces', geminating n→nn)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grandmother; grandma", "en_short": "grandmother", "da": "bedstemor; bedstemoder", "da_short": "bedstemor", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Bjornum2012:K6§11 lists aanaq (aanaa); ningiu as bedstemor. Dictionary headwords across Kleinschmidt / Schultz-Lorentzen / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Katersat.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aanaq", "natural": "grandmother (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aanaa", "natural": "his/her grandmother (absolutive 3sg/sg possessed; also lexicalised Abs.sg)" }, { "surface": "aanaata", "natural": "his/her grandmother's (relative 3sg/sg possessed; stress-sentence token)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aanaa#e170", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aanaa#e169", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aanaq#e175", "Oqaatsit1997:aanaq#e176", "Kleinschmidt1871:aanak#e734", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aanak, aanaq#e1369", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aanak, aanaq#e1369", "Bjornum2012:K6§11", "Katersat:lex_18473", "Petersen1967:aanaq" ], "id": "aanaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "najoqqutaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "source; reference; something to lean on / hold to; (also) the day's Bible text" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "najoqqutaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Weak aq-stem with inflectional Flexionsgemination. Petersen1967/1951 code line marks 't utt' (plus -taraa, -ssaq, -ssiaq); Bjornum2012:K4§2e lists all -utaq nouns as geminating (t→tt). Modeled as uvular_deleting_stem / declension_class:p / strength:weak with gemination:{from:t,to:tt} — parallel to ilaqutaq / nalunaaqutaq (docs/investigations/morphophonology/flexionsgemination-uvular.md; issue #748 follow-up after #750; Counterbot soft-agree on #751 that this under-declaration should match the closed -utaq class). Ordbogen2003:e19926 surfaces najoqquttatut (equative on the geminated Abs.pl base).", "Oqaasileriffik/Oqaatsit pin a specialised 'day's Bible text / sermon subject' sense; Katersat and Kleinschmidt keep the broader 'source / something to lean on' sense that feeds the guidelines derivative najoqqutassaq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "source; reference; support; day's Bible text", "en_short": "source", "da": "kilde; reference; støtte; dagens tekst", "da_short": "kilde", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "t", "to": "tt" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Kleinschmidt1871 / Petersen1951 / Petersen1967 ('t utt') / Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Katersat; Abs.pl najoqquttat follows the closed -utaq class (Bjornum2012:K4§2e) and is embedded in Ordbogen2003's najoqquttatut. Erg.sg najoqquttap not separately sourced in mirrors — class-predicted only, not pinned in pedagogy.", "examples": [ { "surface": "najoqqutaq", "natural": "source / reference / day's text (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "najoqquttat", "natural": "sources / references / day's texts (absolutive plural; t→tt Flexionsgemination)" }, { "surface": "najoqqutassaq", "natural": "guideline / regulation (this stem + N_ssaq_N; see also lexicalised najoqqutassaq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:najoqqutaq#e7858", "Oqaatsit1997:najoqqutaq#e8310", "Kleinschmidt1871:najoqqut#e5367", "Petersen1951:najoqqutaq#e6146", "Petersen1967:najoqqutaq#e6163", "Ordbogen2003:motto#e19926", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Katersat:lex_2753" ], "id": "najoqqutaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "najoqqutassaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "guideline; regulation; prescription; statute" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "najoqqutassaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Lexicalised najoqqutaq + N_ssaq_N (Katersat FST najoqqutaq+SSAQ+Der/nn+N+Abs+Sg, lex_409). Kept as its own stem id so Deconstruct can attach further morphology (e.g. programme/guidelines possessives) without requiring live SSAQ composition first — same inventory pattern as other lexicalised -ssaq hosts.", "Oqaatsit1997 cites the Abs.pl najoqqutassat 'retningslinier'; Oqaasileriffik e7861 likewise glosses the plural. Singular Abs.sg is the Katersat citation form; Bugge1960 pins the same equivalent under the Danish headword rettesnor." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "guideline; regulation; prescription", "en_short": "guideline", "da": "retningslinje; forskrift; reglement", "da_short": "retningslinje", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Guidelines/programme register host for invitation texts (issue #746).", "examples": [ { "surface": "najoqqutassaq", "natural": "guideline / regulation (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "najoqqutassat", "natural": "guidelines (absolutive plural; Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:najoqqutassat#e7861", "Oqaatsit1997:najoqqutassat#e8314", "Katersat:lex_409", "Katersat:lex_169964", "Bugge1960:rettesnor#e26776" ], "id": "najoqqutassaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sapaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Sunday; sabbath", "semantic_tags": [ "loanword", "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sapaat", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Alveolar/tə-stem loanword (Petersen1967 't oqs'; relative sapaatip in sapaatip akunnera 'week'). Bjornum2012:K6§5: Sunday is the Biblical sabbat loan; sapaatiuvoq inserts i before -uvoq (loanword exception). semantic_tags carry both loanword (N_r_loanword gate) and time (ENCL_gu / weekday hosts)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Sunday", "en_short": "Sunday", "da": "søndag", "da_short": "søndag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "søndag", "singular_definite": "søndagen", "plural": "søndage", "plural_definite": "søndagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Full weekday table in Bjornum2012:K6§5; Nielsen and dictionary headwords independently attest sapaat / sapaatip akunnera.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sapaat", "natural": "Sunday (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "sapaammi", "natural": "on Sunday (locative singular; stress-sentence token)" }, { "surface": "sapaatiuvoq", "natural": "it is Sunday (Bjornum2012:K6§5 loanword +uvoq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sapaat#e13421", "Oqaatsit1997:sapaat#e14320", "Kleinschmidt1871:sapaat#e7591", "Petersen1967:sapaat", "Bjornum2012:K6§5", "Nielsen2012:§6.6 (sapaatip akunnera)", "Katersat:lex_29002", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42752" ], "id": "sapaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "ataasinngorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Monday", "semantic_tags": [ "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ataasinngorneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Lexicalised weekday noun (ataaseq + N_nngur_Vb + V_neq_N). Strong -eq class with q→r weakening before vowel-initial endings (ataasinngorneruvoq, Bjornum2012:K6§5), matching this repo's erneq / misiliineq uvular_weakening_stem pattern. Kept as a free stem so case/time morphology attaches without live numeral composition." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Monday", "da": "mandag", "da_short": "mandag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mandag", "singular_definite": "mandagen", "plural": "mandage", "plural_definite": "mandagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ataasinngorneq", "natural": "Monday (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ataasinngorpat", "natural": "on Monday (future/conditional weekday; Bjornum2012:K6§5; stress-sentence ataasinngorpat)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataasinngorneq#e2153", "Oqaatsit1997:ataasinngorneq#e2192", "Bjornum2012:K6§5", "Katersat:lex_5900", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41385" ], "id": "ataasinngorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "marlunngorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Tuesday", "semantic_tags": [ "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "marlunngorneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Lexicalised weekday noun (marluk + N_nngur_Vb + V_neq_N). Citation form follows Oqaatsit1997/Oqaasileriffik/Katersat marlunngorneq; Bjornum2012:K6§5 prints marluunngorneq (long uu) — recorded as orthographic alternate, not a separate stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Tuesday", "da": "tirsdag", "da_short": "tirsdag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tirsdag", "singular_definite": "tirsdagen", "plural": "tirsdage", "plural_definite": "tirsdagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "marlunngorneq", "natural": "Tuesday (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:marlunngorneq#e7084", "Oqaatsit1997:marlunngorneq#e7483", "Bjornum2012:K6§5", "Katersat:lex_13665", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42892" ], "id": "marlunngorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pingasunngorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Wednesday", "semantic_tags": [ "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pingasunngorneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Lexicalised weekday noun (pingasut + N_nngur_Vb + V_neq_N); same strong -eq weakening class as ataasinngorneq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Wednesday", "da": "onsdag", "da_short": "onsdag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "onsdag", "singular_definite": "onsdagen", "plural": "onsdage", "plural_definite": "onsdagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pingasunngorneq", "natural": "Wednesday (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pingasunngorneq#e10586", "Oqaatsit1997:pingasunngorneq#e11287", "Bjornum2012:K6§5", "Katersat:lex_23248", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.49413" ], "id": "pingasunngorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sisamanngorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Thursday", "semantic_tags": [ "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sisamanngorneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Lexicalised weekday noun (sisamat + N_nngur_Vb + V_neq_N)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Thursday", "da": "torsdag", "da_short": "torsdag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "torsdag", "singular_definite": "torsdagen", "plural": "torsdage", "plural_definite": "torsdagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sisamanngorneq", "natural": "Thursday (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sisamanngorneq#e14253", "Oqaatsit1997:sisamanngorneq#e15172", "Bjornum2012:K6§5", "Katersat:lex_30434", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41480" ], "id": "sisamanngorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tallimanngorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Friday", "semantic_tags": [ "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tallimanngorneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Lexicalised weekday noun (tallimat + N_nngur_Vb + V_neq_N)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Friday", "da": "fredag", "da_short": "fredag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fredag", "singular_definite": "fredagen", "plural": "fredage", "plural_definite": "fredagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tallimanngorneq", "natural": "Friday (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tallimanngorneq#e15224", "Oqaatsit1997:tallimanngorneq#e16219", "Bjornum2012:K6§5", "Katersat:lex_35336", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40536" ], "id": "tallimanngorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "arfininngorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Saturday", "semantic_tags": [ "time" ] }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arfininngorneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Lexicalised weekday noun (arfineq + N_nngur_Vb + V_neq_N)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Saturday", "da": "lørdag", "da_short": "lørdag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lørdag", "singular_definite": "lørdagen", "plural": "lørdage", "plural_definite": "lørdagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arfininngorneq", "natural": "Saturday (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfininngorneq#e1822", "Oqaatsit1997:arfininngorneq#e1851", "Bjornum2012:K6§5", "Katersat:lex_4620", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44233" ], "id": "arfininngorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ningiu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "grandmother; matriarch; female head of a family" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ningiu", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final kinship stem. Bjornum2012:K6§11 pairs ningiu with aanaq as bedstemor; Oqaasileriffik e8734 'matriarch; female head of a family; grandmother'. Distinct institutional sense (food-manager, e8733) is not this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grandmother; matriarch", "en_short": "grandmother", "da": "bedstemor; kvindeligt familieoverhoved", "da_short": "bedstemor", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ningiu", "natural": "grandmother / matriarch (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ningiu#e8734", "Oqaatsit1997:ningiu#e9253", "Bjornum2012:K6§11", "Katersat:lex_18469", "Petersen1967:ningioq" ], "id": "ningiu", "category": "nouns" } ], "aataq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "grandfather; grandpa" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aataq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "The pinned English aataa row corroborates the existing grandfather / his-her grandfather example and existing Danish headword. It does not independently establish the full q-stem possessive paradigm; aataaq harp seal remains distinct.", "Weak q-stem. Abs 3sg/sg possessed / lexicalised Abs.sg surfaces as aataa (Oqaatsit1997 headword; Bjornum2012:K6§11 'aataq (aataa)'). Citation form pinned to aataq so possessed cells rebuild; do not confuse with aataaq 'harp seal'.", "Parallel alternate ittu ('grandfather') is a separate Katersat/Oqaasileriffik headword, not folded into this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grandfather; grandpa", "en_short": "grandfather", "da": "bedstefar; bedstefader", "da_short": "bedstefar", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aataq", "natural": "grandfather (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aataa", "natural": "his/her grandfather (absolutive 3sg/sg possessed; also lexicalised Abs.sg)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aataa#e335", "Oqaatsit1997:aataa#e335", "Bjornum2012:K6§11", "Katersat:lex_32931", "Katersat:lex_173140" ], "id": "aataq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nuka": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "younger same-sex sibling; younger brother (of a boy); younger sister (of a girl)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuka", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final kinship stem (Oqaatsit1997/Oqaasileriffik/Katersat citation form nuka). Bjornum2012:K6§11 prints older nukaq with possessed nukara — recorded as historical alternate spelling of the same kinship cell, not a separate stem id." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "younger same-sex sibling", "en_short": "younger same-sex sibling", "da": "lillebror (drengs); lillesøster (piges)", "da_short": "lillebror; lillesøster", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuka", "natural": "younger brother / younger sister (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuka#e9031", "Oqaatsit1997:nuka#e9579", "Bjornum2012:K6§11", "Katersat:lex_4473" ], "id": "nuka", "category": "nouns" } ], "angajoqqaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "parent" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angajoqqaaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Weak -aaq q-stem (Abs.pl angajoqqaat 'parents'). Kleinschmidt1871 cites possessed angajoqqai; modern Abs.sg is Katersat lex_176729; Ordbogen2003 lists it under the Danish headword forˈælder. Complements this file's anaana/ataata child-words with the adult 'parent' stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "parent", "da": "forælder", "da_short": "forælder", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "forælder", "singular_definite": "forælderen", "plural": "forældre", "plural_definite": "forældrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angajoqqaaq", "natural": "parent (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "angajoqqaat", "natural": "parents (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Katersat:lex_176729", "Ordbogen2003:forˈælder#e8921", "Kleinschmidt1871:angajoqqaaq#e844", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63542" ], "id": "angajoqqaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "asasaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "beloved; dear one; sweetheart" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asasaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Lexicalised asa + V_taq_N (Katersat FST asa+Gram/TV+TAQ+Der/vn+N+Abs+Sg). Kept as a free stem for invitation/letter register (SchultzLorentzen 'Kære!' in letters) without requiring live TAQ composition. Weak aq-stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "beloved; dear one", "en_short": "beloved", "da": "kær; elskede; elsket", "da_short": "elskede", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "asasaq", "natural": "beloved / dear one (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asasaq#e1949", "Oqaatsit1997:asasaq#e1987", "Kleinschmidt1871:asasaq#e1120", "SchultzLorentzen1926:asasaq#e2176", "SchultzLorentzen1927:asasaq#e2176", "Katersat:lex_4892" ], "id": "asasaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nerisassaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "food; something to eat; provisions" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nerisassaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Lexicalised neri + V_taq_N + N_ssaq_N (Katersat FST neri+Gram/TV+TAQ+SSAQ). Invitation-register host for nerisassaqarlunilu-type chains (stress sentence). Weak aq-stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "food; something to eat", "en_short": "food", "da": "mad; føde; spise", "da_short": "mad", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerisassaq", "natural": "food / something to eat (absolutive singular)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:nerisassaq#e5875", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nerisassaq#e11880", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nerisassaq#e11880", "Katersat:lex_8270", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.45152", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.48041", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.50460", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57898" ], "id": "nerisassaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "peqqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cause; reason; occasion (also anledning / begrundelse)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "peqqut", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Pinned to the cause/reason/occasion sense (Oqaatsit1997#e10822 anledning/årsag; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG#e10144 cause; reason; Katersat lex_22356 årsag / lex_234985 anledning / lex_236851 begrundelse; DAKA 2018-eng-kal-dan e2925 reason = pissut, patsit, peqqut). plain_gloss.da shows Oqaatsit's pair with årsag first (the sentence reading) and anledning second; begrundelse stays in lexical_facts.meaning because it is Katersat, not that Oqaatsit pair (Feldüberladungssemikolon). Not the shrimp/creustacean family (peqquttaq / peqquk) and not apeqqut 'question'.", "Composition with existing N_ge_Vb (denominal_verbs.yaml): peqqutigaa 'it is due to / that is the reason for it' (Katersat lex_22357 'be due to'). The contemporative peqqutigalugu publishes as 'because of that', the sentence gloss of the same construction on pissut (pissutigalugu). The literal 'having that as the reason' stays the morpheme composition, not the first sentence alternative (issue #800). Katersat FST for peqqutigaa includes peqqut+GE+Der/nv (preferred) alongside a live TIGE parse -- do not mint a separate TIGE affix for this.", "Historically related to dummy pi + V_qqut_N 'means/reason' (deverbal_nouns.yaml notes peqqut from {pi}V); modeled here as a lexicalised free noun stem (Katersat FST peqqut+N+Abs+Sg).", "DISAMBIGUATION from apeqqut (question; aper- family) and from apeqqutigaa 'asks about it' (apeqqut + N_ge_Vb / aper- + TIGE). peqqutigaa is cause/reason, not ask-about." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cause", "en_short": "cause", "da": "årsag; anledning", "options": { "da": { "årsag": "årsag", "anledning": "anledning" } }, "da_short": "årsag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Cause/reason noun; with N_ge_Vb yields peqqutigaa (Nielsen2012's nuunnissaq kisiat peqqutigaa).", "examples": [ { "surface": "peqqut", "natural": "cause; reason; occasion (absolutive singular; Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Katersat)" }, { "surface": "peqqutigaa", "natural": "it is due to it / that is the reason for it (peqqut + N_ge_Vb; Katersat lex_22357)" }, { "surface": "peqqutigalugu", "natural": "because of that (sentence gloss. Same GE + contemporative construction as pissutigalugu, which Oqaatsit1997#e11526 glosses 'på grund af det; af den grund' and Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5 glosses 'på grund af det'. peqqutigaa is 'be due to', Katersat lex_22357. Not a peqqutigalugu headword.)", "natural_da": "på grund af det" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:peqqut#e10822", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:peqqut#e10144", "Katersat:lex_22356", "Katersat:lex_234985", "DAKA-2018-eng-kal-dan:reason#e2925", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.3.2.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5", "Oqaatsit1997:pissutigalugu#e11526", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pissutigalugu#e10820", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.48163", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.50224" ], "id": "peqqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "sungiusaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "exercise; practice; training (øvelse)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sungiusaat", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Lexicalised -ut noun, not only a live product of sungiusar + V_ut_N. Katersat lex_31326 FST includes sungiusar+Gram/TV+UTE+Der/vn+N+Abs+Sg (øvelse) beside unrelated sungen+USIQ possessives; prefer this sealed stem so Abs Pl sungiusaatit rebuilds without that sandhi closing first. Same lexicalised-output pattern as peqqut / kammalaat in this file.", "Alveolar/tə-stem: Petersen1951:sungiusaat#e10107 and Petersen1967:sungiusaat#e10126 code the paradigm 't ip, it' (relative -ip, plural -it), matching alveolar_schwa_stem / declension_class:p (ikinngut / kigut).", "Title pedagogy is the plural: Berthelsen 1996 *Kalaallisut Sungiusaatit* (AITWG bibliography spelling). Katersat lex_187828 glosses sungiusaatit 'øvelser' and analyses sungiusar+Gram/TV+UTE+N+Abs+Pl (also Abs+Sg+2SgPoss and Rel+Pl). The Misiliineq URL token Sungiusattit is a near-miss of that plural, not a second headword.", "Not sungiusaatissaq 'øvelsesmiddel' or sungiusaatissat 'lærebog' (SchultzLorentzen1926:sungiusaatissaq#e16912 / sungiusaatissat#e16913). Verb base sungiusar is a separate stem in verbs.yaml." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "exercise", "en_short": "exercise", "da": "øvelse", "options": { "en": { "exercise": "exercise", "practice": "practice", "training": "training" }, "da": { "øvelse": "øvelse", "træning": "træning" } }, "da_short": "øvelse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation": { "number_forms": { "en": { "singular": "exercise", "plural": "exercises" }, "da": { "singular": "øvelse", "plural": "øvelser", "singular_definite": "øvelsen", "plural_definite": "øvelserne" } }, "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Dictionary headword sungiusaat 'øvelse / practice; training'. Abs Pl sungiusaatit is the Berthelsen title word.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sungiusaat", "natural": "exercise; practice; training (absolutive singular; Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik / Katersat lex_31326)", "natural_da": "øvelse" }, { "surface": "sungiusaatit", "natural": "exercises (absolutive plural; Berthelsen 1996 title word; Katersat lex_187828 'øvelser')", "natural_da": "øvelser" }, { "surface": "sungiusaatip", "natural": "exercise's (ergative/relative singular; Petersen 't ip, it')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sungiusaat#e15746", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sungiusaat#e14820", "Petersen1951:sungiusaat#e10107", "Petersen1967:sungiusaat#e10126", "Katersat:lex_31326", "Katersat:lex_187828", "WordList2018:practice#e2772", "WordList2018:work-out#e4206", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71120" ], "id": "sungiusaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "kavaajaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "jacket; coat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kavaajaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary headwords independently establish the selected spelling and meaning. A declension class or inflectional alternation has not been independently verified in this pass; no such morphology_class or sandhi rule is inferred from the new MOFO inventory." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "jacket; coat", "en_short": "jacket; coat", "da": "jakke; frakke", "da_short": "jakke; frakke", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kavaajaq", "natural": "jacket; coat" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kavaajaq#e6120", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kavaajaq#e5868", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42488", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.83449" ], "id": "kavaajaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sukkulaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "chocolate" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sukkulaat", "notes": [ "Dictionary headwords independently establish the selected spelling and meaning. A declension class or inflectional alternation has not been independently verified in this pass; no such morphology_class or sandhi rule is inferred from the new MOFO inventory." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "chocolate", "da": "chokolade", "en_short": "chocolate", "da_short": "chokolade", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "chokolade", "singular_definite": "chokoladen", "plural": "chokolader", "plural_definite": "chokoladerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sukkulaat", "natural": "chocolate" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sukkulaat#e15567", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sukkulaat#e14644", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56721" ], "id": "sukkulaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "tii": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tea (prepared drink)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tii", "notes": [ "Dictionary headwords independently establish the selected spelling and meaning. A declension class or inflectional alternation has not been independently verified in this pass; no such morphology_class or sandhi rule is inferred from the new MOFO inventory.", "The cited dictionary sense is the prepared tea drink, rather than an inferred tea-plant or tea-leaf sense. Alternative loanword declensions are not asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tea (prepared drink)", "da": "te (færdig drik)", "en_short": "tea (prepared drink)", "da_short": "te (færdig drik)", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "te", "singular_definite": "teen", "plural": "teer", "plural_definite": "teerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tii", "natural": "tea (prepared drink)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tii#e16691", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tii#e15741", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43088" ], "id": "tii", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiffaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "housemaid; servant" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiffaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary headwords independently establish the selected spelling and meaning. A declension class or inflectional alternation has not been independently verified in this pass; no such morphology_class or sandhi rule is inferred from the new MOFO inventory." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "housemaid; servant", "en_short": "housemaid; servant", "da": "hushjælp; tjener", "da_short": "hushjælp; tjener", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kiffaq", "natural": "housemaid; servant" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kiffaq#e6165", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiffaq#e5911", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.50440", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55498" ], "id": "kiffaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "punneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "butter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "punneq", "notes": [ "Dictionary headwords independently establish the selected spelling and meaning. A declension class or inflectional alternation has not been independently verified in this pass; no such morphology_class or sandhi rule is inferred from the new MOFO inventory." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "butter", "da": "smør", "en_short": "butter", "da_short": "smør", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "smør", "singular_definite": "smørret" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "punneq", "natural": "butter" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:punneq#e11926", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:punneq#e11195", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40973" ], "id": "punneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qallunaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a Dane" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qallunaaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary headwords independently establish the selected spelling and meaning. A declension class or inflectional alternation has not been independently verified in this pass; no such morphology_class or sandhi rule is inferred from the new MOFO inventory.", "Row-pinned Dane sense only. The independently listed white-person sense is not combined into this record without a separate semantic review." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a Dane", "da": "dansker", "en_short": "a Dane", "da_short": "dansker", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "dansker", "singular_definite": "danskeren", "plural": "danskere", "plural_definite": "danskerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qallunaaq", "natural": "a Dane" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qallunaaq#e12374", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qallunaaq#e11609", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.49371" ], "id": "qallunaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tupeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tent" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tupeq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6 and Bjornum2012:K4§2f independently give the strong qq grammatical-case series. The operational metathesis label does not assert historical true metathesis. Bjornum also gives weak tupip/tupit alternatives; the selected series is not exclusive. Oblique cases retain the strong stem. No reconstructed underlying form or complete possessive paradigm is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tent", "da": "telt", "en_short": "tent", "da_short": "telt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "telt", "singular_definite": "teltet", "plural": "telte", "plural_definite": "teltene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tupeq", "natural": "tent" }, { "surface": "toqqup", "natural": "tupeq: relative singular (selected strong qq series; Nielsen/Bjornum)" }, { "surface": "toqqit", "natural": "tupeq: absolutive plural (selected strong qq series; Nielsen/Bjornum)" }, { "surface": "tupermik", "natural": "tupeq: instrumental singular (Nielsen2012; strong oblique stem)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Tupeq, Bøjningseksempel 108", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Oqaatsit1997:tupeq#e17347", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tupeq#e16439", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55887" ], "id": "tupeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ullaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "morning" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ullaaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary headwords independently establish the selected spelling and meaning. A declension class or inflectional alternation has not been independently verified in this pass; no such morphology_class or sandhi rule is inferred from the new MOFO inventory.", "Row-pinned noun morning only; the separately listed this-morning adverbial reading is not inferred to have the same inflectional behavior." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "morning", "da": "morgen", "en_short": "morning", "da_short": "morgen", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "morgen", "singular_definite": "morgenen", "plural": [ "morgner", "morgener" ], "plural_definite": [ "morgnerne", "morgenerne" ] } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ullaaq", "natural": "morning" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ullaaq#e17893", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ullaaq#e16931", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43995" ], "id": "ullaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "issi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cold; coldness" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "issi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cold; coldness", "en_short": "cold; coldness", "da": "kulde", "da_short": "kulde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kulde", "singular_definite": "kulden" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "issi", "natural": "cold; coldness" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:issi#e5202", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:issi#e5071", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87017" ], "id": "issi", "category": "nouns" } ], "sialuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rain" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sialuk", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rain", "da": "regn", "en_short": "rain", "da_short": "regn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "regn", "singular_definite": "regnen" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sialuk", "natural": "rain" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sialuk#e14662", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sialuk#e13747", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44737" ], "id": "sialuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "nittaalaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "snowflake" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nittaalaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted.", "Only the snowflake row is admitted. Oqaatsit separately lists a snow-thickening sense; it is not merged into this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "snowflake", "da": "snefnug", "en_short": "snowflake", "da_short": "snefnug", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "snefnug", "singular_definite": "snefnugget", "plural": "snefnug", "plural_definite": "snefnuggene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nittaalaq", "natural": "snowflake" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nittaalaq#e9356", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nittaalaq#e8830", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60472" ], "id": "nittaalaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "blood" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "blood", "da": "blod", "en_short": "blood", "da_short": "blod", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "blod", "singular_definite": "blodet" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aak", "natural": "blood" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aak#e19", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aak#e22", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.99185" ], "id": "aak", "category": "nouns" } ], "natsersuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hooded seal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "natsersuaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hooded seal", "da": "klapmyds", "en_short": "hooded seal", "da_short": "klapmyds", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "klapmyds", "singular_definite": "klapmydsen", "plural": "klapmydser", "plural_definite": "klapmydserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "natsersuaq", "natural": "hooded seal" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:natsersuaq#e8952", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:natsersuaq#e8454", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71782" ], "id": "natsersuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqisseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ptarmigan" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqisseq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ptarmigan", "da": "rype", "en_short": "ptarmigan", "da_short": "rype", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rype", "singular_definite": "rypen", "plural": "ryper", "plural_definite": "ryperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aqisseq", "natural": "ptarmigan" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqisseq#e1735", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqisseq#e1706", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.96455" ], "id": "aqisseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "iipili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "apple" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iipili", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "apple", "da": "æble", "en_short": "apple", "da_short": "æble", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "æble", "singular_definite": "æblet", "plural": "æbler", "plural_definite": "æblerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iipili", "natural": "apple" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iipili#e3578", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iipili#e3435", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40648" ], "id": "iipili", "category": "nouns" } ], "appelsiina": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "orange (fruit)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "appelsiina", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "orange (fruit)", "da": "appelsin", "en_short": "orange (fruit)", "da_short": "appelsin", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "appelsin", "singular_definite": "appelsinen", "plural": "appelsiner", "plural_definite": "appelsinerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "appelsiina", "natural": "orange (fruit)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:appelsiina#e1681", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:appelsiina#e1652", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61056" ], "id": "appelsiina", "category": "nouns" } ], "banaani": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "banana" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "banaani", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted.", "The admission is supported by the Oqaasileriffik English dictionary alone; no exact Oqaatsit headword was found in this pass." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "banana", "da": "banan", "en_short": "banana", "da_short": "banan", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "banan", "singular_definite": "bananen", "plural": "bananer", "plural_definite": "bananerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "banaani", "natural": "banana" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:banaani#e2580", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63821" ], "id": "banaani", "category": "nouns" } ], "mannik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "egg" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mannik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "egg", "da": "æg", "en_short": "egg", "da_short": "æg", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "æg", "singular_definite": "ægget", "plural": "æg", "plural_definite": "æggene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "mannik", "natural": "egg" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mannik#e7424", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mannik#e7027", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40625" ], "id": "mannik", "category": "nouns" } ], "umimmak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "muskox" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "umimmak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "muskox", "da": "moskusokse", "en_short": "muskox", "da_short": "moskusokse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "moskusokse", "singular_definite": "moskusoksen", "plural": "moskusokser", "plural_definite": "moskusokserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "umimmak", "natural": "muskox" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:umimmak#e18055", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:umimmak#e17089", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70474" ], "id": "umimmak", "category": "nouns" } ], "immussuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cheese" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "immussuaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cheese", "da": "ost", "en_short": "cheese", "da_short": "ost", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ost", "singular_definite": "osten", "plural": "oste", "plural_definite": "ostene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immussuaq", "natural": "cheese" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:immussuaq#e4509", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immussuaq#e4393", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86280" ], "id": "immussuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "marraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "clay" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "marraq", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.4 and Bjornum2012:K4§2b explicitly give this regular strong-q class: marraap, marraat, marrarmik. Kleinschmidt1871:marraq#e5002 independently binds marraap to the selected clay sense. Complete the regular up profile without adding the grammar gloss mud as a new lexical reading.", "Other lexical senses, productive derivation and reconstructed roots remain outside this profile admission." ], "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "clay", "da": "ler", "en_short": "clay", "da_short": "ler", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ler", "singular_definite": "leret" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "marraq", "natural": "clay" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:marraq#e7507", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:marraq#e7111", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§2b", "Kleinschmidt1871:marraq#e5002", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64111" ], "id": "marraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sava": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sheep" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sava", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sheep", "da": "får", "en_short": "sheep", "da_short": "får", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "får", "singular_definite": "fåret", "plural": "får", "plural_definite": "fårene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sava", "natural": "sheep" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sava#e14475", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sava#e13565", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.46569" ], "id": "sava", "category": "nouns" } ], "iluliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "iceberg" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iluliaq", "notes": [ "The exact modern rows establish the spelling and iceberg sense. No phonemic root, productive derivation or historical atomicity is inferred.", "Bjornum K4§2 explicitly places iluliaq among weak geminating q-stems. This independently grounds uvular_deleting_stem / strength weak with the already admitted p-declension; the injected consonant/cluster and the disputed instrumental remain unapproved.", "Only the literal citation, relative singular and absolutive plural cells are keyed with operational irregular selection. The named weak-q classification does not resolve the printed Nielsen/Bjornum ilussamik/ilulissamik discrepancy, and no instrumental map or gold is supplied.", "Original-page checkpoint: Nielsen printed/PDF page 33 really gives ilussamik, while Bjornum printed page 81 (PDF page 79) gives ilulissamik. The discrepancy is not a Markdown transcription error. Keep the existing relative/plural cells and instrumental deferral; no source normalization or new instrumental gold is approved." ], "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_SG": "iluliaq", "N_ERG_SG": "ilulissap", "N_ABS_PL": "ilulissat" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "iceberg", "da": "isfjeld", "en_short": "iceberg", "da_short": "isfjeld", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "isfjeld", "singular_definite": "isfjeldet", "plural": "isfjelde", "plural_definite": "isfjeldene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iluliaq", "natural": "iceberg" } ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iluliaq#e4255", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iluliaq#e4135", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "Oqaatsit1997:iluliaq#e4255", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iluliaq#e4135", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.83733" ], "id": "iluliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pequt": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "piece of furniture" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pequt", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted.", "Admitted as the dictionary-listed lexical noun, without claiming historical atomicity or inventing a decomposition from its spelling." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "piece of furniture", "da": "møbel", "en_short": "piece of furniture", "da_short": "møbel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "møbel", "singular_definite": "møblet", "plural": "møbler", "plural_definite": "møblerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pequt", "natural": "piece of furniture" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pequt#e10832", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pequt#e10154", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92088" ], "id": "pequt", "category": "nouns" } ], "aallaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rifle; shotgun; firearm" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aallaat", "notes": [ "Both modern dictionaries attest the gun noun. Bjornum K4§2 explicitly names it in the t-stem class; K1§8 describes t-stems originating in -ti₂ and separately identifies the last visible assimilated vowel in aallaat as i₁, changing following t to s before a vowel. Preserve literal aallaat; no reconstructed underlying spelling is supplied.", "The p-declined t-stem annotation is source classification. Operational irregular selection keys only the sixteen complete, explicitly labelled nonpossessive cells in K8§2 example 132, including aallaasip/aallaasit/aallaammik. It does not pretend that the generic t-stem implementation covers the i₁ alternation or an unrestricted possessed paradigm. Historical atomicity and productive decomposition remain unclaimed." ], "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_SG": "aallaat", "N_ABS_PL": "aallaasit", "N_ERG_SG": "aallaasip", "N_ERG_PL": "aallaasit", "N_INS_SG": "aallaammik", "N_INS_PL": "aallaasinik", "N_ALL_SG": "aallaammut", "N_ALL_PL": "aallaasinut", "N_LOC_SG": "aallaammi", "N_LOC_PL": "aallaasini", "N_ABL_SG": "aallaammit", "N_ABL_PL": "aallaasinit", "N_VIA_SG": "aallaasikkut", "N_VIA_PL": "aallaasitigut", "N_EQU_SG": "aallaasitut", "N_EQU_PL": "aallaasitut" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rifle; shotgun; firearm", "en_short": "rifle; shotgun; firearm", "da": "gevær; riffel; skydevåben", "da_short": "gevær; riffel; skydevåben", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "nominal_stem_class": "t_stem", "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aallaat", "natural": "rifle; shotgun; firearm" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aallaat#e104", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallaat#e105", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "Bjornum2012:K1§8", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Aallaat, Bøjningseksempel 132", "Oqaatsit1997:aallaat#e104", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallaat#e105" ], "id": "aallaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "qarliit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pants; trousers" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qarliit", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionary headword establishes the spelling and selected lexical meaning. This is a practical lexical citation stem; no independently unverified declension class, schwa behavior, or inflectional alternation is asserted.", "Both dictionaries explicitly mark the headword plural (qass/qasseersiut). The plural citation word is stored as a lexical base; no singular citation form or case paradigm is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pants; trousers", "en_short": "pants; trousers", "da": "bukser", "da_short": "bukser", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qarliit", "natural": "pants; trousers" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qarliit#e12646", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qarliit#e11883" ], "id": "qarliit", "category": "nouns" } ], "ui": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "husband" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ui", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "husband", "da": "ægtemand", "en_short": "husband", "da_short": "ægtemand", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ægtemand", "singular_definite": "ægtemanden", "plural": "ægtemænd", "plural_definite": "ægtemændene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ui", "natural": "husband" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ui#e17630", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ui#e16666", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91092" ], "id": "ui", "category": "nouns" } ], "aja": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "maternal aunt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aja", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1 explicitly names the maternal-aunt noun as a regular vowel stem and prints ajap, ajat, ajamik; Bjornum2012:K4§2a identifies its vowel-stem paradigm. Admit vowel_final_stem/p only, without reconstructed roots or productive derivation." ], "inflection_sandhi": "none" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "maternal aunt", "da": "moster", "en_short": "maternal aunt", "da_short": "moster", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "moster", "singular_definite": "mosteren", "plural": "mostre", "plural_definite": "mostrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aja", "natural": "maternal aunt" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aja#e441", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aja#e439", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2a", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71981" ], "id": "aja", "category": "nouns" } ], "asi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "remote place" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "remote place", "da": "afsides sted", "en_short": "remote place", "da_short": "afsides sted", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "asi", "natural": "remote place" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asi#e2024", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asi#e1985" ], "id": "asi", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fjord inlet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fjord inlet", "da": "vig i en fjord", "en_short": "fjord inlet", "da_short": "vig i en fjord", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eqi", "natural": "fjord inlet" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:eqi#e2904", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqi#e2792" ], "id": "eqi", "category": "nouns" } ], "ipu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shaft" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ipu", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shaft", "da": "skaft", "en_short": "shaft", "da_short": "skaft", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skaft", "singular_definite": "skaftet", "plural": "skafter", "plural_definite": "skafterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ipu", "natural": "shaft" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ipu#e5006", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ipu#e4883", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69403" ], "id": "ipu", "category": "nouns" } ], "isu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "end" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isu", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "end", "da": "ende", "en_short": "end", "da_short": "ende", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ende", "singular_definite": "enden", "plural": "ender", "plural_definite": "enderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isu", "natural": "end" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:isu#e5268", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isu#e5130", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41640" ], "id": "isu", "category": "nouns" } ], "qui": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "food storage shed" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qui", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "food storage shed", "da": "forrådsskur", "en_short": "food storage shed", "da_short": "forrådsskur", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qui", "natural": "food storage shed" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qui#e13510", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qui#e12734" ], "id": "qui", "category": "nouns" } ], "akit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pillow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akit", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pillow", "da": "hovedpude", "en_short": "pillow", "da_short": "hovedpude", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hovedpude", "singular_definite": "hovedpuden", "plural": "hovedpuder", "plural_definite": "hovedpuderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akit", "natural": "pillow" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akit#e748", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akit#e739", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79988" ], "id": "akit", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stern" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqoq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stern", "da": "agterstavn", "en_short": "stern", "da_short": "agterstavn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": [ "agterstavn", "agterstævn" ], "singular_definite": [ "agterstavnen", "agterstævnen" ], "plural": [ "agterstavne", "agterstævne" ], "plural_definite": [ "agterstavnene", "agterstævnene" ] } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aqoq", "natural": "stern" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqoq#e1741", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqoq#e1711", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92153" ], "id": "aqoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "arki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "paper sheet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arki", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "paper sheet", "da": "papirark", "en_short": "paper sheet", "da_short": "papirark", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "papirark", "singular_definite": "papirarket", "plural": "papirark", "plural_definite": "papirarkene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arki", "natural": "paper sheet" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arki#e1863", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arki#e1834", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.127444" ], "id": "arki", "category": "nouns" } ], "atsa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "paternal aunt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atsa", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "paternal aunt", "da": "faster", "en_short": "paternal aunt", "da_short": "faster", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "faster", "singular_definite": "fasteren", "plural": "fastre", "plural_definite": "fastrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atsa", "natural": "paternal aunt" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atsa#e2365", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atsa#e2316", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61119" ], "id": "atsa", "category": "nouns" } ], "avat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "anorak hem ribbon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "avat", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The cited sense is a wide silk ribbon at the lower hem of a woman's anorak." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "anorak hem ribbon", "da": "silkebånd ved anorakkens kant", "en_short": "anorak hem ribbon", "da_short": "silkebånd ved anorakkens kant", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "avat", "natural": "anorak hem ribbon" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:avat#e2567", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avat#e2511" ], "id": "avat", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mouth corner" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqeq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mouth corner", "da": "mundvig", "en_short": "mouth corner", "da_short": "mundvig", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mundvig", "singular_definite": "mundvigen", "plural": "mundvige", "plural_definite": "mundvigene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eqeq", "natural": "mouth corner" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:eqeq#e2902", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqeq#e2790", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81571" ], "id": "eqeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "essi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ace card" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "essi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ace card", "da": "es", "en_short": "ace card", "da_short": "es", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "es", "singular_definite": "esset", "plural": "esser", "plural_definite": "esserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "essi", "natural": "ace card" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:essi#e3271", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:essi#e3168", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52209" ], "id": "essi", "category": "nouns" } ], "fagi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "school subject" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "fagi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "school subject", "da": "skolefag", "en_short": "school subject", "da_short": "skolefag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skolefag", "singular_definite": "skolefaget", "plural": "skolefag", "plural_definite": "skolefagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "fagi", "natural": "school subject" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:fagi#e3283", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:fagi#e3173", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.88731" ], "id": "fagi", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "teammate" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilik", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "teammate", "da": "holdkammerat", "en_short": "teammate", "da_short": "holdkammerat", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "holdkammerat", "singular_definite": "holdkammeraten", "plural": "holdkammerater", "plural_definite": "holdkammeraterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilik", "natural": "teammate" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilik#e3923", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilik#e3804", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.96421" ], "id": "ilik", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "oxygen" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilti", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "oxygen", "da": "ilt", "en_short": "oxygen", "da_short": "ilt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ilt", "singular_definite": "ilten" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilti", "natural": "oxygen" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilti#e4190", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilti#e4070", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.66309" ], "id": "ilti", "category": "nouns" } ], "ipak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fibre" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ipak", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fibre", "da": "fiber", "en_short": "fibre", "da_short": "fiber", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fiber", "singular_definite": "fiberen", "plural": "fibre", "plural_definite": "fibrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ipak", "natural": "fibre" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ipak#e4929", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ipak#e4807", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60175" ], "id": "ipak", "category": "nouns" } ], "ipeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "grime" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ipeq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grime", "da": "snavs", "en_short": "grime", "da_short": "snavs", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "snavs", "singular_definite": "snavset" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ipeq", "natural": "grime" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ipeq#e4934", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ipeq#e4812", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57646" ], "id": "ipeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "iput": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "oar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iput", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "oar", "da": "åre", "en_short": "oar", "da_short": "åre", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "åre", "singular_definite": "åren", "plural": "årer", "plural_definite": "årerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iput", "natural": "oar" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iput#e5013", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iput#e4890", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86009" ], "id": "iput", "category": "nouns" } ], "ittu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "grandfather" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ittu", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grandfather", "da": "bedstefar", "en_short": "grandfather", "da_short": "bedstefar", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bedstefar", "singular_definite": [ "bedstefaren", "bedstefaderen" ], "plural": "bedstefædre", "plural_definite": "bedstefædrene" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ittu", "natural": "grandfather" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ittu#e5471", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ittu#e5320", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97316" ], "id": "ittu", "category": "nouns" } ], "ivaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fish roe" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ivaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fish roe", "da": "fiskerogn", "en_short": "fish roe", "da_short": "fiskerogn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rogn", "singular_definite": "rognen" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ivaq", "natural": "fish roe" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ivaq#e5494", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ivaq#e5342", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91531" ], "id": "ivaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "walrus skin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaak", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "walrus skin", "da": "hvalroshud", "en_short": "walrus skin", "da_short": "hvalroshud", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kaak", "natural": "walrus skin" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kaak#e5629", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaak#e5428" ], "id": "kaak", "category": "nouns" } ], "katu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "drum beater" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "katu", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "drum beater", "da": "trommestik", "en_short": "drum beater", "da_short": "trommestik", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "trommestik", "singular_definite": "trommestikken", "plural": "trommestikker", "plural_definite": "trommestikkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "katu", "natural": "drum beater" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:katu#e6111", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:katu#e5860", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95063" ], "id": "katu", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "upper body" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiat", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "upper body", "da": "overkrop", "en_short": "upper body", "da_short": "overkrop", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "overkrop", "singular_definite": "overkroppen", "plural": "overkroppe", "plural_definite": "overkroppene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kiat", "natural": "upper body" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kiat#e6156", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiat#e5904", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92471" ], "id": "kiat", "category": "nouns" } ], "kilo": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kilogram" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kilo", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kilogram", "da": "kilogram", "en_short": "kilogram", "da_short": "kilogram", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kilogram", "singular_definite": "kilogrammet", "plural": "kilogram", "plural_definite": "kilogrammene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kilo", "natural": "kilogram" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kilo#e6350", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kilo#e6087", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73806" ], "id": "kilo", "category": "nouns" } ], "kilu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "platform foot end" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kilu", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The cited platform is the sleeping platform in a traditional sod house; the foot end is near the wall." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "platform foot end", "da": "briksens fodende", "en_short": "platform foot end", "da_short": "briksens fodende", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kilu", "natural": "platform foot end" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kilu#e6352", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kilu#e6089" ], "id": "kilu", "category": "nouns" } ], "lama": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "llama" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "lama", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "llama", "da": "lama", "en_short": "llama", "da_short": "lama", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lama", "singular_definite": "lamaen", "plural": "lamaer", "plural_definite": "lamaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "lama", "natural": "llama" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:lama#e7039", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:lama#e6701", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60166" ], "id": "lama", "category": "nouns" } ], "lava": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lava" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "lava", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lava", "da": "lava", "en_short": "lava", "da_short": "lava", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lava", "singular_definite": "lavaen", "plural": "lavaer", "plural_definite": "lavaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "lava", "natural": "lava" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:lava#e7056", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:lava#e6717", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.99348" ], "id": "lava", "category": "nouns" } ], "ludo": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Ludo game" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ludo", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Ludo game", "da": "ludospil", "en_short": "Ludo game", "da_short": "ludospil", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ludospil", "singular_definite": "ludospillet", "plural": "ludospil", "plural_definite": "ludospillene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ludo", "natural": "Ludo game" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ludo#e7071", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ludo#e6733", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67823" ], "id": "ludo", "category": "nouns" } ], "manu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "upper chest" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "manu", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "upper chest", "da": "øverste del af brystet", "en_short": "upper chest", "da_short": "øverste del af brystet", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "manu", "natural": "upper chest" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:manu#e7434", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:manu#e7036" ], "id": "manu", "category": "nouns" } ], "napu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sled crossbar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "napu", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sled crossbar", "da": "tværtræ på en slæde", "en_short": "sled crossbar", "da_short": "tværtræ på en slæde", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "napu", "natural": "sled crossbar" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:napu#e8800", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:napu#e8311" ], "id": "napu", "category": "nouns" } ], "nuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "record disc" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuut", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "record disc", "da": "grammofonplade", "en_short": "record disc", "da_short": "grammofonplade", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "grammofonplade", "singular_definite": "grammofonpladen", "plural": "grammofonplader", "plural_definite": "grammofonpladerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuut", "natural": "record disc" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nuut#e9824", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuut#e9262", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57038" ], "id": "nuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "oase": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "oasis" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oase", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "oasis", "da": "oase", "en_short": "oasis", "da_short": "oase", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "oase", "singular_definite": "oasen", "plural": "oaser", "plural_definite": "oaserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oase", "natural": "oasis" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:oase#e9910", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oase#e9272", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97687" ], "id": "oase", "category": "nouns" } ], "oori": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "øre coin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oori", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "øre coin", "da": "øremønt", "en_short": "øre coin", "da_short": "øremønt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "øre", "singular_definite": "øren", "plural": [ "ører", "øre" ], "plural_definite": [ "ørene", "ørerne" ] } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oori", "natural": "øre coin" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:oori#e9930", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oori#e9292", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42767" ], "id": "oori", "category": "nouns" } ], "oquk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mould" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oquk", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mould", "da": "skimmel", "en_short": "mould", "da_short": "skimmel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oquk", "natural": "mould" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:oquk#e10194", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oquk#e9562", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86574", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92730" ], "id": "oquk", "category": "nouns" } ], "pana": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sword" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pana", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sword", "da": "sværd", "en_short": "sword", "da_short": "sværd", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sværd", "singular_definite": "sværdet", "plural": "sværd", "plural_definite": "sværdene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pana", "natural": "sword" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pana#e10552", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pana#e9893", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65164" ], "id": "pana", "category": "nouns" } ], "pilu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "plant leaf" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pilu", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "plant leaf", "da": "planteblad", "en_short": "plant leaf", "da_short": "planteblad", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "blad", "singular_definite": "bladet", "plural": "blade", "plural_definite": "bladene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pilu", "natural": "plant leaf" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pilu#e11217", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pilu#e10513", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43645" ], "id": "pilu", "category": "nouns" } ], "piut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "childhood sweetheart" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "piut", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Childhood sweetheart follows the more specific English row; the Danish row gives the broader kæreste." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "childhood sweetheart", "da": "barndomskæreste", "en_short": "childhood sweetheart", "da_short": "barndomskæreste", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "barndomskæreste", "singular_definite": "barndomskæresten", "plural": "barndomskærester", "plural_definite": "barndomskæresterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "piut", "natural": "childhood sweetheart" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:piut#e11644", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piut#e10931", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.146814" ], "id": "piut", "category": "nouns" } ], "puak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lung" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "puak", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lung", "da": "lunge", "en_short": "lung", "da_short": "lunge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lunge", "singular_definite": "lungen", "plural": "lunger", "plural_definite": "lungerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "puak", "natural": "lung" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:puak#e11738", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:puak#e11014", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62786" ], "id": "puak", "category": "nouns" } ], "puik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "swelling" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "puik", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "swelling", "da": "hævelse", "en_short": "swelling", "da_short": "hævelse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hævelse", "singular_definite": "hævelsen", "plural": "hævelser", "plural_definite": "hævelserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "puik", "natural": "swelling" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:puik#e11775", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:puik#e11052", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.59661" ], "id": "puik", "category": "nouns" } ], "putu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hole" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "putu", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hole", "da": "hul", "en_short": "hole", "da_short": "hul", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hul", "singular_definite": "hullet", "plural": "huller", "plural_definite": "hullerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "putu", "natural": "hole" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:putu#e11990", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:putu#e11256", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42200" ], "id": "putu", "category": "nouns" } ], "pære": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pear; light bulb" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pære", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pear; light bulb", "en_short": "pear; light bulb", "da": "pære", "da_short": "pære", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pære", "singular_definite": "pæren", "plural": "pærer", "plural_definite": "pærerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pære", "natural": "pear; light bulb" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pære#e12038", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pære#e11305", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69621" ], "id": "pære", "category": "nouns" } ], "qeeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "grey hair" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qeeq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grey hair", "da": "gråt hår", "en_short": "grey hair", "da_short": "gråt hår", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qeeq", "natural": "grey hair" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qeeq#e12833", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qeeq#e12069", "STO:2008-v2/grå#d411a725c7d89343f6108cd0c7f52797f03a66784c0e57fdfb16ab19b8052014", "STO:2008-v2/hår#6347a3185de6dfd106f706a1fd3e1926a065472400ca115b8fbca2ddb3229f06" ], "id": "qeeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "urine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qooq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "urine", "da": "urin", "en_short": "urine", "da_short": "urin", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "urin", "singular_definite": "urinen", "plural": "uriner", "plural_definite": "urinerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qooq", "natural": "urine" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qooq#e13439", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qooq#e12664", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63968" ], "id": "qooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "quaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "frozen meat or fish" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "quaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "frozen meat or fish", "da": "frosset kød eller fisk", "en_short": "frozen meat or fish", "da_short": "frosset kød eller fisk", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "quaq", "natural": "frozen meat or fish" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:quaq#e13478", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:quaq#e12703" ], "id": "quaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "race": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "breed" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "race", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "breed", "da": "race", "en_short": "breed", "da_short": "race", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "race", "singular_definite": "racen", "plural": "racer", "plural_definite": "racerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "race", "natural": "breed" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:race#e13825", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:race#e13014", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78242" ], "id": "race", "category": "nouns" } ], "ruua": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "turnip" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ruua", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "turnip", "da": "roe", "en_short": "turnip", "da_short": "roe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "roe", "singular_definite": "roen", "plural": "roer", "plural_definite": "roerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ruua", "natural": "turnip" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ruua#e13864", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ruua#e13052", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76294" ], "id": "ruua", "category": "nouns" } ], "saaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "front side" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "front side", "da": "forside", "en_short": "front side", "da_short": "forside", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "forside", "singular_definite": "forsiden", "plural": "forsider", "plural_definite": "forsiderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "saaq", "natural": "front side" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:saaq#e14017", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saaq#e13126", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56042" ], "id": "saaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "same": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Sami person" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "same", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Sami person", "da": "same", "en_short": "Sami person", "da_short": "same", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "same", "singular_definite": "samen", "plural": "samer", "plural_definite": "samerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "same", "natural": "Sami person" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:same#e14183", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:same#e13287", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82845" ], "id": "same", "category": "nouns" } ], "seeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tundra willow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "seeq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "No Latin species designation is asserted; the English and Danish vernacular plant labels are retained in the selected sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tundra willow", "da": "tundrapil", "en_short": "tundra willow", "da_short": "tundrapil", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "seeq", "natural": "tundra willow" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:seeq#e14522", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:seeq#e13612" ], "id": "seeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "silu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "found sea-animal carcass" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "silu", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "found sea-animal carcass", "da": "fundet ådsel af et havdyr", "en_short": "found sea-animal carcass", "da_short": "fundet ådsel af et havdyr", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "silu", "natural": "found sea-animal carcass" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:silu#e14943", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:silu#e14026" ], "id": "silu", "category": "nouns" } ], "sisi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fox burrow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sisi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fox burrow", "da": "rævehule", "en_short": "fox burrow", "da_short": "rævehule", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sisi", "natural": "fox burrow" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sisi#e15190", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sisi#e14271" ], "id": "sisi", "category": "nouns" } ], "sofa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sofa" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sofa", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sofa", "da": "sofa", "en_short": "sofa", "da_short": "sofa", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sofa", "singular_definite": "sofaen", "plural": "sofaer", "plural_definite": "sofaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sofa", "natural": "sofa" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sofa#e15376", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sofa#e14452", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77215" ], "id": "sofa", "category": "nouns" } ], "soya": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "soya" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "soya", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "soya", "da": "soya", "en_short": "soya", "da_short": "soya", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "soya", "natural": "soya" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:soya#e15464", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:soya#e14536" ], "id": "soya", "category": "nouns" } ], "sueq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "air draught" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sueq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "air draught", "da": "trækvind", "en_short": "air draught", "da_short": "trækvind", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "trækvind", "singular_definite": "trækvinden", "plural": "trækvinde", "plural_definite": "trækvindene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sueq", "natural": "air draught" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sueq#e15507", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sueq#e14582", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57673" ], "id": "sueq", "category": "nouns" } ], "talu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "partition" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "talu", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "partition", "da": "skillevæg", "en_short": "partition", "da_short": "skillevæg", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skillevæg", "singular_definite": "skillevæggen", "plural": "skillevægge", "plural_definite": "skillevæggene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "talu", "natural": "partition" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:talu#e16240", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:talu#e15247", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.85002" ], "id": "talu", "category": "nouns" } ], "taxa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "taxi" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taxa", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "taxi", "da": "taxa", "en_short": "taxi", "da_short": "taxa", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "taxa", "singular_definite": "taxaen", "plural": "taxaer", "plural_definite": "taxaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "taxa", "natural": "taxi" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:taxa#e16586", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taxa#e15623", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76528" ], "id": "taxa", "category": "nouns" } ], "timi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "body" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "timi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "body", "da": "krop", "en_short": "body", "da_short": "krop", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "krop", "singular_definite": "kroppen", "plural": "kroppe", "plural_definite": "kroppene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "timi", "natural": "body" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:timi#e16797", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:timi#e15853", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42887" ], "id": "timi", "category": "nouns" } ], "tipi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "smell" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tipi", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish smell, not the same-spelled tipi tent in the Danish reverse dictionary. Bjornum K4§2f gives tikka (tipaa), his/its smell; Ordbogen2003:lugt#e18351 independently gives dens lugt tikka.", "Only literal ABS.SG tipi and the complete third-singular-possessor singular-possessum alternatives are keyed. Irregular is an operational whole-form selector. No historical tipik underlying form, declension class, hidden consonant or general metathesis profile is inferred." ], "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_SG": "tipi", "N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG": [ "tikka", "tipaa" ] } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "smell", "da": "lugt", "en_short": "smell", "da_short": "lugt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lugt", "singular_definite": "lugten", "plural": "lugte", "plural_definite": "lugtene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tipi", "natural": "smell" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tipi#e16901", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tipi#e15964", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Ordbogen2003:lugt#e18351", "Oqaatsit1997:tipi#e16901", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tipi#e15964", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82846" ], "id": "tipi", "category": "nouns" } ], "tupa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tobacco" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tupa", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tobacco", "da": "tobak", "en_short": "tobacco", "da_short": "tobak", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tobak", "singular_definite": "tobakken", "plural": "tobakker", "plural_definite": "tobakkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tupa", "natural": "tobacco" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tupa#e17336", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tupa#e16425", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.83533" ], "id": "tupa", "category": "nouns" } ], "uiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "young beluga or narwhal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uiaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The English row additionally includes dolphin young; the selected sense is limited to the beluga/narwhal young supported by both rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "young beluga or narwhal", "da": "hvidhvalunge eller narhvalunge", "en_short": "young beluga or narwhal", "da_short": "hvidhvalunge eller narhvalunge", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uiaq", "natural": "young beluga or narwhal" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uiaq#e17633", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uiaq#e16669" ], "id": "uiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "usuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "penis" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "usuk", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "penis", "da": "penis", "en_short": "penis", "da_short": "penis", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "penis", "singular_definite": "penissen", "plural": "penisser", "plural_definite": "penisserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "usuk", "natural": "penis" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:usuk#e18411", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:usuk#e17430", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.99576" ], "id": "usuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "uuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fjord cod" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uuaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Bjornum K4§2e co-lists uuaq; uugaq with uukkap/uukkat/uukkamik. The existing uugaq owner has that modeled paradigm. Preserve both stable IDs and exact dictionary pins; the shared source does not grant this citation-only uuaq owner an untested profile or normalize its underlying form.", "Nielsen's original PDF page 34 prints uu(g)aq with ukkat/ukkamik instead of Bjornum's uukkat/uukkamik. Keep the literal disagreement unresolved; no transcription correction or alternate gold is approved.", "Execution checkpoint: this citation-only spelling owner returns unflagged uuaqup/uuaqit/uuarmik in inspected oq-api fc4e5097 (0.4.25). Bjornum co-lists uuaq/uugaq, but that does not approve a profile transfer, changed underlying form or stable-ID merge. Preserve the separate owner and existing source-spelling/cell deferrals." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fjord cod", "da": "fjordtorsk", "en_short": "fjord cod", "da_short": "fjordtorsk", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uuaq", "natural": "fjord cod" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Oqaatsit1997:uuaq#e18491", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uuaq#e17508" ], "id": "uuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uueq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nearly cooked meat or fish" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uueq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "This is the listed noun for meat or fish almost cooked, not a newly inferred productive participial rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nearly cooked meat or fish", "da": "næsten kogt kød eller fisk", "en_short": "nearly cooked meat or fish", "da_short": "næsten kogt kød eller fisk", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uueq", "natural": "nearly cooked meat or fish" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uueq#e18493", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uueq#e17510" ], "id": "uueq", "category": "nouns" } ], "yoga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "yoga" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "yoga", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "yoga", "da": "yoga", "en_short": "yoga", "da_short": "yoga", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "yoga", "singular_definite": "yogaen" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "yoga", "natural": "yoga" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:yoga#e18716", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:yoga#e17677", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72262" ], "id": "yoga", "category": "nouns" } ], "aaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "forearm cover" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: aaraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "forearm cover", "da": "ærmebeskytter", "en_short": "forearm cover", "da_short": "ærmebeskytter", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aaraq", "natural": "forearm cover" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aaraq#e272", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaraq#e275", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "aaraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aatak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "grandfather" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aatak", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grandfather", "da": "bedstefar", "en_short": "grandfather", "da_short": "bedstefar", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bedstefar", "singular_definite": [ "bedstefaren", "bedstefaderen" ], "plural": "bedstefædre", "plural_definite": "bedstefædrene" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aatak", "natural": "grandfather" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aatak#e340", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aatak#e340", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97316" ], "id": "aatak", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "deck crossbeam" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajaaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "deck crossbeam", "da": "tværbjælke på et fartøj", "en_short": "deck crossbeam", "da_short": "tværbjælke på et fartøj", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ajaaq", "natural": "deck crossbeam" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajaaq#e445", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajaaq#e443" ], "id": "ajaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "illness" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajuut", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "illness", "da": "sygdom", "en_short": "illness", "da_short": "sygdom", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sygdom", "singular_definite": "sygdommen", "plural": "sygdomme", "plural_definite": "sygdommene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ajuut", "natural": "illness" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajuut#e585", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajuut#e582", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43626" ], "id": "ajuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "aktia": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "share certificate" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aktia", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "share certificate", "da": "aktie", "en_short": "share certificate", "da_short": "aktie", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "aktie", "singular_definite": "aktien", "plural": "aktier", "plural_definite": "aktierne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aktia", "natural": "share certificate" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aktia#e795", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aktia#e786", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98309" ], "id": "aktia", "category": "nouns" } ], "akuak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lower abdomen" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akuak", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lower abdomen", "da": "underliv", "en_short": "lower abdomen", "da_short": "underliv", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "underliv", "singular_definite": "underlivet", "plural": "underliv", "plural_definite": "underlivene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akuak", "natural": "lower abdomen" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akuak#e803", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akuak#e794", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65654" ], "id": "akuak", "category": "nouns" } ], "aleni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ell measure" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aleni", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ell measure", "da": "alen", "en_short": "ell measure", "da_short": "alen", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "alen", "singular_definite": "alenen", "plural": "alen" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aleni", "natural": "ell measure" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aleni#e905", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aleni#e892", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79864" ], "id": "aleni", "category": "nouns" } ], "aleqa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "boy's older sister" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aleqa", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "boy's older sister", "da": "en drengs storesøster", "en_short": "boy's older sister", "da_short": "en drengs storesøster", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aleqa", "natural": "boy's older sister" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aleqa#e907", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aleqa#e894" ], "id": "aleqa", "category": "nouns" } ], "amaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "child-carrying hooded garment" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amaat", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The cited garment has a large rear hood for carrying an infant." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "child-carrying hooded garment", "da": "bærepels", "en_short": "child-carrying hooded garment", "da_short": "bærepels", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "amaat", "natural": "child-carrying hooded garment" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amaat#e1150", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amaat#e1133" ], "id": "amaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "angak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "maternal uncle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angak", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "maternal uncle", "da": "morbror", "en_short": "maternal uncle", "da_short": "morbror", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "morbror", "singular_definite": [ "morbroren", "morbroderen" ], "plural": "morbrødre", "plural_definite": "morbrødrene" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angak", "natural": "maternal uncle" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angak#e1340", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angak#e1314", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65775" ], "id": "angak", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "child's lullaby" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqaat", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "child's lullaby", "da": "kælevise for et barn", "en_short": "child's lullaby", "da_short": "kælevise for et barn", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aqaat", "natural": "child's lullaby" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqaat#e1704", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqaat#e1675" ], "id": "aqaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "arsaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ball" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arsaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ball", "da": "bold", "en_short": "ball", "da_short": "bold", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bold", "singular_definite": "bolden", "plural": "bolde", "plural_definite": "boldene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arsaq", "natural": "ball" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arsaq#e1946", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arsaq#e1911", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.85793" ], "id": "arsaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "assit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ruminant reticulum" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assit", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Both source rows classify the reticulum sense as a noun. No number paradigm is inferred from the final spelling." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ruminant reticulum", "da": "netmave", "en_short": "ruminant reticulum", "da_short": "netmave", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "netmave", "singular_definite": "netmaven", "plural": "netmaver", "plural_definite": "netmaverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "assit", "natural": "ruminant reticulum" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assit#e2128", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assit#e2089", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71966" ], "id": "assit", "category": "nouns" } ], "ateeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "namesake" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ateeq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "namesake", "da": "navnefælle", "en_short": "namesake", "da_short": "navnefælle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "navnefælle", "singular_definite": "navnefællen", "plural": "navnefæller", "plural_definite": "navnefællerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ateeq", "natural": "namesake" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ateeq#e2271", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ateeq#e2229", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.138014" ], "id": "ateeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "atomi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "atom" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atomi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "atom", "da": "atom", "en_short": "atom", "da_short": "atom", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "atom", "singular_definite": "atomet", "plural": "atomer", "plural_definite": "atomerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atomi", "natural": "atom" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atomi#e2309", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atomi#e2265", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61871" ], "id": "atomi", "category": "nouns" } ], "avaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "back of head" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "avaaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "back of head", "da": "baghoved", "en_short": "back of head", "da_short": "baghoved", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "baghoved", "singular_definite": "baghovedet", "plural": "baghoveder", "plural_definite": "baghovederne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "avaaq", "natural": "back of head" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:avaaq#e2516", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avaaq#e2461", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91182" ], "id": "avaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "banjo": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "banjo" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "banjo", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "banjo", "da": "banjo", "en_short": "banjo", "da_short": "banjo", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "banjo", "singular_definite": "banjoen", "plural": "banjoer", "plural_definite": "banjoerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "banjo", "natural": "banjo" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:banjo#e2695", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:banjo#e2582", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97568" ], "id": "banjo", "category": "nouns" } ], "banki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bank" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "banki", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bank", "da": "bank", "en_short": "bank", "da_short": "bank", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bank", "singular_definite": "banken", "plural": "banker", "plural_definite": "bankerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "banki", "natural": "bank" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:banki#e2697", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:banki#e2583", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.50687" ], "id": "banki", "category": "nouns" } ], "banko": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bingo game" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "banko", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bingo game", "da": "bankospil", "en_short": "bingo game", "da_short": "bankospil", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bankospil", "singular_definite": "bankospillet", "plural": "bankospil", "plural_definite": "bankospillene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "banko", "natural": "bingo game" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:banko#e2698", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:banko#e2584", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.138466" ], "id": "banko", "category": "nouns" } ], "boksi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "deposit or postal box" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "boksi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "deposit or postal box", "da": "boks", "en_short": "deposit or postal box", "da_short": "boks", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "boks", "singular_definite": "boksen", "plural": "bokse", "plural_definite": "boksene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "boksi", "natural": "deposit or postal box" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:boksi#e2744", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:boksi#e2637", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93055" ], "id": "boksi", "category": "nouns" } ], "brøki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fraction" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "brøki", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fraction", "da": "brøk", "en_short": "fraction", "da_short": "brøk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "brøk", "singular_definite": "brøken", "plural": "brøker", "plural_definite": "brøkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "brøki", "natural": "fraction" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:brøki#e2757", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:brøki#e2648", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92722" ], "id": "brøki", "category": "nouns" } ], "bussi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bus" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "bussi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bus", "da": "bus", "en_short": "bus", "da_short": "bus", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bus", "singular_definite": "bussen", "plural": "busser", "plural_definite": "busserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "bussi", "natural": "bus" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:bussi#e2762", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:bussi#e2653", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63246" ], "id": "bussi", "category": "nouns" } ], "bøffi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "beef" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "bøffi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The selected meat sense follows Danish bøf; the English row gives the broader beef gloss." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "beef", "da": "bøf", "en_short": "beef", "da_short": "bøf", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bøf", "singular_definite": "bøffen", "plural": "bøffer", "plural_definite": "bøfferne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "bøffi", "natural": "beef" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:bøffi#e2766", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:bøffi#e2657", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74259" ], "id": "bøffi", "category": "nouns" } ], "celle": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cell" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "celle", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cell", "da": "celle", "en_short": "cell", "da_short": "celle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "celle", "singular_definite": "cellen", "plural": "celler", "plural_definite": "cellerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "celle", "natural": "cell" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:celle#e2773", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:celle#e2665", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64197" ], "id": "celle", "category": "nouns" } ], "cello": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cello" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "cello", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cello", "da": "cello", "en_short": "cello", "da_short": "cello", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "cello", "singular_definite": "celloen", "plural": "celloer", "plural_definite": "celloerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "cello", "natural": "cello" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:cello#e2774", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:cello#e2666", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67785" ], "id": "cello", "category": "nouns" } ], "dunki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "liquid container" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "dunki", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "liquid container", "da": "dunk", "en_short": "liquid container", "da_short": "dunk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "dunk", "singular_definite": "dunken", "plural": "dunke", "plural_definite": "dunkene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "dunki", "natural": "liquid container" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:dunki#e2849", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:dunki#e2743", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62159" ], "id": "dunki", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqqeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqqeq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nit", "da": "luseæg", "en_short": "nit", "da_short": "luseæg", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "luseæg", "singular_definite": "luseægget", "plural": "luseæg", "plural_definite": "luseæggene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eqqeq", "natural": "nit" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:eqqeq#e3025", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqeq#e2925", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.127679" ], "id": "eqqeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "eriaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "skin water bucket" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eriaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "skin water bucket", "da": "vandspand af skind", "en_short": "skin water bucket", "da_short": "vandspand af skind", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eriaq", "natural": "skin water bucket" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:eriaq#e3099", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eriaq#e3005" ], "id": "eriaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "erluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rectum" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erluk", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rectum", "da": "endetarm", "en_short": "rectum", "da_short": "endetarm", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "endetarm", "singular_definite": "endetarmen", "plural": "endetarme", "plural_definite": "endetarmene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "erluk", "natural": "rectum" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:erluk#e3142", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erluk#e3048", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95848" ], "id": "erluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "ersaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cheek" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ersaq", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cheek", "da": "kind", "en_short": "cheek", "da_short": "kind", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kind", "singular_definite": "kinden", "plural": "kinder", "plural_definite": "kinderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ersaq", "natural": "cheek" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ersaq#e3224", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ersaq#e3124", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97152" ], "id": "ersaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "farsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "minced meat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "farsi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "minced meat", "da": "fars", "en_short": "minced meat", "da_short": "fars", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fars", "singular_definite": "farsen", "plural": "farser", "plural_definite": "farserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "farsi", "natural": "minced meat" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:farsi#e3286", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:farsi#e3176", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69609" ], "id": "farsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "filmi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "film" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "filmi", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "film", "da": "film", "en_short": "film", "da_short": "film", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "film", "singular_definite": "filmen", "plural": "film", "plural_definite": "filmene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "filmi", "natural": "film" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:filmi#e3299", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:filmi#e3195", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44009" ], "id": "filmi", "category": "nouns" } ], "firma": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "business" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "firma", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the listed noun spelling and selected sense. This lexical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "business", "da": "firma", "en_short": "business", "da_short": "firma", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "firma", "singular_definite": "firmaet", "plural": "firmaer", "plural_definite": "firmaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "firma", "natural": "business" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:firma#e3306", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:firma#e3203", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42828" ], "id": "firma", "category": "nouns" } ], "tv": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "television" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tv", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "television", "da": "fjernsyn", "en_short": "television", "da_short": "fjernsyn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fjernsyn", "singular_definite": "fjernsynet", "plural": "fjernsyn", "plural_definite": "fjernsynene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tv", "natural": "television" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tv#e17487", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tv#e16585", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97629" ], "id": "tv", "category": "nouns" } ], "wc": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "toilet room" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "wc", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "This is the listed borrowed noun for a toilet room; no abbreviation-expansion or inflectional rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "toilet room", "da": "toiletrum", "en_short": "toilet room", "da_short": "toiletrum", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "toiletrum", "singular_definite": "toiletrummet", "plural": "toiletrum", "plural_definite": "toiletrummene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "wc", "natural": "toilet room" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:wc#e18709", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:wc#e17670", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.100571" ], "id": "wc", "category": "nouns" } ], "base": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "military base" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "base", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "military base", "da": "militærbase", "en_short": "military base", "da_short": "militærbase", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "militærbase", "singular_definite": "militærbasen", "plural": "militærbaser", "plural_definite": "militærbaserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "base", "natural": "military base" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:base#e2705", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:base#e2592", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.141607" ], "id": "base", "category": "nouns" } ], "aaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "decay" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaneq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "decay", "da": "forrådnelse", "en_short": "decay", "da_short": "forrådnelse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "forrådnelse", "singular_definite": "forrådnelsen" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aaneq", "natural": "decay" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aaneq#e181", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaneq#e180", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94021" ], "id": "aaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "affaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "half" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "affaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "half", "da": "halvdel", "en_short": "half", "da_short": "halvdel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "halvdel", "singular_definite": "halvdelen", "plural": "halvdele", "plural_definite": "halvdelene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "affaq", "natural": "half" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:affaq#e392", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:affaq#e390", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41656" ], "id": "affaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "backi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "defensive player" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "backi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "defensive player", "da": "forsvarsspiller", "en_short": "defensive player", "da_short": "forsvarsspiller", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "forsvarsspiller", "singular_definite": "forsvarsspilleren", "plural": "forsvarsspillere", "plural_definite": "forsvarsspillerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "backi", "natural": "defensive player" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:backi#e2683", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:backi#e2568", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.119351" ], "id": "backi", "category": "nouns" } ], "døgni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "24-hour period" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "døgni", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "24-hour period", "da": "døgn", "en_short": "24-hour period", "da_short": "døgn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "døgn", "singular_definite": "døgnet", "plural": "døgn", "plural_definite": "døgnene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "døgni", "natural": "24-hour period" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:døgni#e2854", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:døgni#e2748", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43665" ], "id": "døgni", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqqaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vicinity" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqqaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vicinity", "da": "omegn", "en_short": "vicinity", "da_short": "omegn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "omegn", "singular_definite": "omegnen", "plural": "omegne", "plural_definite": "omegnene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eqqaq", "natural": "vicinity" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:eqqaq#e2980", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqaq#e2877", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93852" ], "id": "eqqaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "erfaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kayaker's dehaired sealskin coat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erfaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kayaker's dehaired sealskin coat", "da": "vandskindspels", "en_short": "kayaker's dehaired sealskin coat", "da_short": "vandskindspels", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "erfaq", "natural": "kayaker's dehaired sealskin coat" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:erfaq#e3094", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erfaq#e3000" ], "id": "erfaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "fondi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "foundation" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "fondi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "foundation", "da": "fond", "en_short": "foundation", "da_short": "fond", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "fondi", "natural": "foundation" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:fondi#e3313", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:fondi#e3211" ], "id": "fondi", "category": "nouns" } ], "gigti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "arthritis" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "gigti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "arthritis", "da": "gigt", "en_short": "arthritis", "da_short": "gigt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gigt", "singular_definite": "gigten" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "gigti", "natural": "arthritis" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:gigti#e3360", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:gigti#e3252", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80091" ], "id": "gigti", "category": "nouns" } ], "gipsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "plaster" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "gipsi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "plaster", "da": "gips", "en_short": "plaster", "da_short": "gips", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gips", "singular_definite": "gipsen" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "gipsi", "natural": "plaster" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:gipsi#e3361", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:gipsi#e3253", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.83567" ], "id": "gipsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "glose": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vocabulary word" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "glose", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vocabulary word", "da": "glose", "en_short": "vocabulary word", "da_short": "glose", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "glose", "singular_definite": "glosen", "plural": "gloser", "plural_definite": "gloserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "glose", "natural": "vocabulary word" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:glose#e3364", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:glose#e3256", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77090" ], "id": "glose", "category": "nouns" } ], "gradi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "degree" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "gradi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "degree", "da": "grad", "en_short": "degree", "da_short": "grad", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "grad", "singular_definite": "graden", "plural": "grader", "plural_definite": "graderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "gradi", "natural": "degree" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:gradi#e3370", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:gradi#e3263", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44248" ], "id": "gradi", "category": "nouns" } ], "greve": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "earl" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "greve", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "earl", "da": "greve", "en_short": "earl", "da_short": "greve", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "greve", "singular_definite": "greven", "plural": "grever", "plural_definite": "greverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "greve", "natural": "earl" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:greve#e3374", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:greve#e3267", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94186" ], "id": "greve", "category": "nouns" } ], "gummi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rubber" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "gummi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The Danish source points to kummi as a comparison spelling; no automatic allomorph rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rubber", "da": "gummi", "en_short": "rubber", "da_short": "gummi", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "gummi", "natural": "rubber" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:gummi#e3386", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:gummi#e3273" ], "id": "gummi", "category": "nouns" } ], "guuti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "god" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "guuti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The lowercase guuti rows are pinned. Oqaatsit also has a separate uppercase Guuti row (e3387); it is not merged into this entry. No religious identity or productive capitalization rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "god", "da": "gud", "en_short": "god", "da_short": "gud", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gud", "singular_definite": "guden", "plural": "guder", "plural_definite": "guderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "guuti", "natural": "god" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:guuti#e3388", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:guuti#e3275", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40744" ], "id": "guuti", "category": "nouns" } ], "hashi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hashish" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "hashi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hashish", "da": "hash", "en_short": "hashish", "da_short": "hash", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hash", "singular_definite": "hashen" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "hashi", "natural": "hashish" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:hashi#e3438", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:hashi#e3290", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55537" ], "id": "hashi", "category": "nouns" } ], "hesti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "horse" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "hesti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The Danish source points to hiisti as a comparison spelling; no automatic allomorph rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "horse", "da": "hest", "en_short": "horse", "da_short": "hest", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hest", "singular_definite": "hesten", "plural": "heste", "plural_definite": "hestene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "hesti", "natural": "horse" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:hesti#e3448", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:hesti#e3300", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44267" ], "id": "hesti", "category": "nouns" } ], "igaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cooked food" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "igaaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The source sense includes food being cooked or already cooked. No productive participial derivation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cooked food", "da": "kogt mad", "en_short": "cooked food", "da_short": "kogt mad", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "igaaq", "natural": "cooked food" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:igaaq#e3500", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:igaaq#e3354" ], "id": "igaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "iguut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stinger" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iguut", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stinger", "da": "brod", "en_short": "stinger", "da_short": "brod", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "brod", "singular_definite": "brodden", "plural": "brodde", "plural_definite": "broddene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iguut", "natural": "stinger" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iguut#e3561", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iguut#e3417", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.99695" ], "id": "iguut", "category": "nouns" } ], "iisaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fishing hook snood" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iisaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The source describes the short line connecting a hook to the main line in longline fishing." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fishing hook snood", "da": "tavs til fiskekrog", "en_short": "fishing hook snood", "da_short": "tavs til fiskekrog", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iisaq", "natural": "fishing hook snood" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iisaq#e3579", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iisaq#e3436" ], "id": "iisaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikkeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hard driftwood" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikkeq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hard driftwood", "da": "hårdt drivtømmer", "en_short": "hard driftwood", "da_short": "hårdt drivtømmer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikkeq", "natural": "hard driftwood" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ikkeq#e3724", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikkeq#e3587", "STO:2008-v2/hård#9277e8a2fd4391b8a6b5839160b19c03c34604e2a75561a99cd479a037b90309", "STO:2008-v2/drivtømmer#2a23b7e63f286e2789c10cfb82ce3d0f53988f7932289f3843f3aacb7205dbc4" ], "id": "ikkeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikkik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "gums" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikkik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gums", "da": "tandkød", "en_short": "gums", "da_short": "tandkød", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tandkød", "singular_definite": "tandkødet" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikkik", "natural": "gums" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ikkik#e3727", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikkik#e3590", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97922" ], "id": "ikkik", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "patch" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilaaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "patch", "da": "lap", "en_short": "patch", "da_short": "lap", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lap", "singular_definite": "lappen", "plural": "lapper", "plural_definite": "lapperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilaaq", "natural": "patch" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilaaq#e3796", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilaaq#e3665", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74707", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90592" ], "id": "ilaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "immuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "milk" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "immuk", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "milk", "da": "mælk", "en_short": "milk", "da_short": "mælk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immuk", "natural": "milk" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:immuk#e4501", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immuk#e4383", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40408", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43635" ], "id": "immuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "ingeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mons pubis" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ingeq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mons pubis", "da": "venusbjerg", "en_short": "mons pubis", "da_short": "venusbjerg", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "venusbjerg", "singular_definite": "venusbjerget", "plural": "venusbjerge", "plural_definite": "venusbjergene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ingeq", "natural": "mons pubis" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ingeq#e4612", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ingeq#e4495", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69419" ], "id": "ingeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "inneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fire" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inneq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fire", "da": "ild", "en_short": "fire", "da_short": "ild", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ild", "singular_definite": "ilden" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inneq", "natural": "fire" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:inneq#e4708", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inneq#e4587", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.53088" ], "id": "inneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ippat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lamp platform" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ippat", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lamp platform", "da": "lampebriks", "en_short": "lamp platform", "da_short": "lampebriks", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ippat", "natural": "lamp platform" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ippat#e4981", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ippat#e4859" ], "id": "ippat", "category": "nouns" } ], "issoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "peat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "issoq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "peat", "da": "tørv", "en_short": "peat", "da_short": "tørv", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tørv", "singular_definite": "tørven", "plural": "tørv", "plural_definite": "tørvene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "issoq", "natural": "peat" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:issoq#e5235", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:issoq#e5100", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97567" ], "id": "issoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "issuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "testicle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "issuk", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "testicle", "da": "testikel", "en_short": "testicle", "da_short": "testikel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "testikel", "singular_definite": "testiklen", "plural": "testikler", "plural_definite": "testiklerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "issuk", "natural": "testicle" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:issuk#e5254", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:issuk#e5118", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61007" ], "id": "issuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "itsik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "egg white" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "itsik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "egg white", "da": "æggehvide", "en_short": "egg white", "da_short": "æggehvide", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "æggehvide", "singular_definite": "æggehviden", "plural": "æggehvider", "plural_definite": "æggehviderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "itsik", "natural": "egg white" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:itsik#e5453", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:itsik#e5307", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92253" ], "id": "itsik", "category": "nouns" } ], "ittuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "roaring sound" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ittuk", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "roaring sound", "da": "brus", "en_short": "roaring sound", "da_short": "brus", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ittuk", "natural": "roaring sound" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ittuk#e5475", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ittuk#e5324" ], "id": "ittuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "ivaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "egg for incubation" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ivaaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "egg for incubation", "da": "rugeæg", "en_short": "egg for incubation", "da_short": "rugeæg", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rugeæg", "singular_definite": "rugeægget", "plural": "rugeæg", "plural_definite": "rugeæggene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ivaaq", "natural": "egg for incubation" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ivaaq#e5491", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ivaaq#e5340", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89379" ], "id": "ivaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "jakke": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "jacket" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "jakke", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "jacket", "da": "jakke", "en_short": "jacket", "da_short": "jakke", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "jakke", "singular_definite": "jakken", "plural": "jakker", "plural_definite": "jakkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "jakke", "natural": "jacket" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:jakke#e5540", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:jakke#e5368", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.83449" ], "id": "jakke", "category": "nouns" } ], "jazzi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "jazz" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "jazzi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "jazz", "da": "jazz", "en_short": "jazz", "da_short": "jazz", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "jazz", "singular_definite": "jazzen" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "jazzi", "natural": "jazz" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:jazzi#e5543", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:jazzi#e5371", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77890" ], "id": "jazzi", "category": "nouns" } ], "juuli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "July" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "juuli", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "July", "da": "juli", "en_short": "July", "da_short": "juli", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "juli" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "juuli", "natural": "July" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:juuli#e5555", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:juuli#e5384", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41319" ], "id": "juuli", "category": "nouns" } ], "juuni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "June" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "juuni", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "June", "da": "juni", "en_short": "June", "da_short": "juni", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "juni" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "juuni", "natural": "June" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:juuni#e5577", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:juuni#e5405", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41729" ], "id": "juuni", "category": "nouns" } ], "juuti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Jewish person" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "juuti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Jewish person", "da": "jøde", "en_short": "Jewish person", "da_short": "jøde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "jøde", "singular_definite": "jøden", "plural": "jøder", "plural_definite": "jøderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "juuti", "natural": "Jewish person" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:juuti#e5578", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:juuti#e5406", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60812" ], "id": "juuti", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaagi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cake" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaagi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cake", "da": "kage", "en_short": "cake", "da_short": "kage", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kage", "singular_definite": "kagen", "plural": "kager", "plural_definite": "kagerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kaagi", "natural": "cake" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kaagi#e5616", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaagi#e5415", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75364" ], "id": "kaagi", "category": "nouns" } ], "kajoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "brown dog" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kajoq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "brown dog", "da": "brun hund", "en_short": "brown dog", "da_short": "brun hund", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kajoq", "natural": "brown dog" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kajoq#e5706", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kajoq#e5504", "STO:2008-v2/brun#74418c5f2fffa3236cce5b6ff217cb1779081062bd9a0c15b2c25a89cdd1c2b6", "STO:2008-v2/hund#b2f1c9db41cf693576650af3f7f1cbd7255683a613f28a28cd113b072372c607" ], "id": "kajoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kakao": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cocoa" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kakao", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The Danish source points to kakaavi/kakaavu as comparison spellings; no automatic allomorph rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cocoa", "da": "kakao", "en_short": "cocoa", "da_short": "kakao", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kakao", "singular_definite": "kakaoen" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kakao", "natural": "cocoa" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kakao#e5734", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kakao#e5530", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75418" ], "id": "kakao", "category": "nouns" } ], "kalki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lime" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kalki", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lime", "da": "kalk", "en_short": "lime", "da_short": "kalk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kalki", "natural": "lime" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kalki#e5838", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kalki#e5600", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70558", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77824" ], "id": "kalki", "category": "nouns" } ], "kallu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kayak-paddle bone tip" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kallu", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The cited object is a bone fitting at each tip of a kayak paddle." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kayak-paddle bone tip", "da": "benbeslag på kajakåre", "en_short": "kayak-paddle bone tip", "da_short": "benbeslag på kajakåre", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kallu", "natural": "kayak-paddle bone tip" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kallu#e5850", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kallu#e5612" ], "id": "kallu", "category": "nouns" } ], "kande": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pitcher" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kande", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pitcher", "da": "kande", "en_short": "pitcher", "da_short": "kande", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kande", "singular_definite": "kanden", "plural": "kander", "plural_definite": "kanderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kande", "natural": "pitcher" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kande#e5907", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kande#e5673", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92433" ], "id": "kande", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hoarfrost" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaneq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The hoarfrost sense is shared by both rows; Danish also lists dew, which is not added here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hoarfrost", "da": "rimfrost", "en_short": "hoarfrost", "da_short": "rimfrost", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rimfrost", "singular_definite": "rimfrosten" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kaneq", "natural": "hoarfrost" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kaneq#e5908", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaneq#e5674", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80630" ], "id": "kaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "karra": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "outermost headland" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "karra", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "outermost headland", "da": "yderste forbjerg", "en_short": "outermost headland", "da_short": "yderste forbjerg", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "karra", "natural": "outermost headland" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:karra#e6010", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:karra#e5765" ], "id": "karra", "category": "nouns" } ], "karsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "box" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "karsi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "box", "da": "kasse", "en_short": "box", "da_short": "kasse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kasse", "singular_definite": "kassen", "plural": "kasser", "plural_definite": "kasserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "karsi", "natural": "box" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:karsi#e6016", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:karsi#e5771", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42708" ], "id": "karsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "kegle": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bowling pin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kegle", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bowling pin", "da": "kegle", "en_short": "bowling pin", "da_short": "kegle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kegle", "singular_definite": "keglen", "plural": "kegler", "plural_definite": "keglerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kegle", "natural": "bowling pin" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kegle#e6128", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kegle#e5875", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61607" ], "id": "kegle", "category": "nouns" } ], "kemii": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "chemistry" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kemii", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "chemistry", "da": "kemi", "en_short": "chemistry", "da_short": "kemi", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kemi", "singular_definite": "kemien", "plural": "kemier", "plural_definite": "kemierne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kemii", "natural": "chemistry" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kemii#e6129", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kemii#e5876", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81649" ], "id": "kemii", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stitch" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiluk", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stitch", "da": "sting", "en_short": "stitch", "da_short": "sting", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sting", "singular_definite": "stinget", "plural": "sting", "plural_definite": "stingene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kiluk", "natural": "stitch" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kiluk#e6359", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiluk#e6095", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89651" ], "id": "kiluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "kimik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "strength" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kimik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "strength", "da": "kraft", "en_short": "strength", "da_short": "kraft", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kraft", "singular_definite": "kraften", "plural": "kræfter", "plural_definite": "kræfterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kimik", "natural": "strength" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kimik#e6369", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kimik#e6104", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43129" ], "id": "kimik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kissi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "biscuit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kissi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "biscuit", "da": "kiks", "en_short": "biscuit", "da_short": "kiks", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kiks", "singular_definite": "kiksen", "plural": "kiks", "plural_definite": "kiksene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kissi", "natural": "biscuit" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kissi#e6619", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kissi#e6343", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98910" ], "id": "kissi", "category": "nouns" } ], "kitsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "putty" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kitsi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "putty", "da": "kit", "en_short": "putty", "da_short": "kit", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kitsi", "natural": "putty" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kitsi#e6641", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kitsi#e6363", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75190", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89794" ], "id": "kitsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "kjole": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dress" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kjole", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dress", "da": "kjole", "en_short": "dress", "da_short": "kjole", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kjole", "singular_definite": "kjolen", "plural": "kjoler", "plural_definite": "kjolerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kjole", "natural": "dress" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kjole#e6676", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kjole#e6396", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44486" ], "id": "kjole", "category": "nouns" } ], "klima": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "climate" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "klima", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "climate", "da": "klima", "en_short": "climate", "da_short": "klima", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "klima", "singular_definite": "klimaet", "plural": "klimaer", "plural_definite": "klimaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "klima", "natural": "climate" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:klima#e6682", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:klima#e6402", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52897" ], "id": "klima", "category": "nouns" } ], "konto": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "account" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "konto", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "account", "da": "konto", "en_short": "account", "da_short": "konto", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "konto", "singular_definite": "kontoen", "plural": [ "kontoer", "konti" ], "plural_definite": [ "kontoerne", "kontiene" ] } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "konto", "natural": "account" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:konto#e6717", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:konto#e6436", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63876" ], "id": "konto", "category": "nouns" } ], "koori": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "basket" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "koori", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "basket", "da": "kurv", "en_short": "basket", "da_short": "kurv", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kurv", "singular_definite": "kurven", "plural": "kurve", "plural_definite": "kurvene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "koori", "natural": "basket" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:koori#e6721", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:koori#e6441", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82863" ], "id": "koori", "category": "nouns" } ], "krani": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crane" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "krani", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crane", "da": "kran", "en_short": "crane", "da_short": "kran", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kran", "singular_definite": "kranen", "plural": "kraner", "plural_definite": "kranerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "krani", "natural": "crane" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:krani#e6734", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:krani#e6458", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.53586" ], "id": "krani", "category": "nouns" } ], "kukik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nail; claw" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kukik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nail; claw", "en_short": "nail; claw", "da": "negl; klo", "da_short": "negl; klo", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kukik", "natural": "nail; claw" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kukik#e6799", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kukik#e6521", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.53685", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94426" ], "id": "kukik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kumak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "louse" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kumak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "louse", "da": "lus", "en_short": "louse", "da_short": "lus", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lus", "singular_definite": "lusen", "plural": "lus", "plural_definite": "lusene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kumak", "natural": "louse" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kumak#e6843", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kumak#e6566", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62950" ], "id": "kumak", "category": "nouns" } ], "kunik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kiss" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kunik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kiss", "da": "kys", "en_short": "kiss", "da_short": "kys", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kys", "singular_definite": "kysset", "plural": "kys", "plural_definite": "kyssene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kunik", "natural": "kiss" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kunik#e6861", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kunik#e6583", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63647" ], "id": "kunik", "category": "nouns" } ], "laaja": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "historical casual worker" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "laaja", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The Danish source places this casual-worker term in former KGH employment in Greenland; its historical context is retained." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "historical casual worker", "da": "historisk løsarbejder", "en_short": "historical casual worker", "da_short": "historisk løsarbejder", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "laaja", "natural": "historical casual worker" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:laaja#e7032", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:laaja#e6694" ], "id": "laaja", "category": "nouns" } ], "lakki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "varnish" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "lakki", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "varnish", "da": "lak", "en_short": "varnish", "da_short": "lak", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lak", "singular_definite": "lakken", "plural": "lakker", "plural_definite": "lakkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "lakki", "natural": "varnish" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:lakki#e7036", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:lakki#e6698", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90465" ], "id": "lakki", "category": "nouns" } ], "lasti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cargo" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "lasti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cargo", "da": "last", "en_short": "cargo", "da_short": "last", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "last", "singular_definite": "lasten", "plural": "laster", "plural_definite": "lasterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "lasti", "natural": "cargo" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:lasti#e7054", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:lasti#e6715", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71618" ], "id": "lasti", "category": "nouns" } ], "liste": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "list" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "liste", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "list", "da": "liste", "en_short": "list", "da_short": "liste", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "liste", "singular_definite": "listen", "plural": "lister", "plural_definite": "listerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "liste", "natural": "list" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:liste#e7069", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:liste#e6730", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.49368" ], "id": "liste", "category": "nouns" } ], "løveq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "løveq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lion", "da": "løve", "en_short": "lion", "da_short": "løve", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "løve", "singular_definite": "løven", "plural": "løver", "plural_definite": "løverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "løveq", "natural": "lion" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:løveq#e7076", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:løveq#e6738", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84191" ], "id": "løveq", "category": "nouns" } ], "maaji": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "May" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "maaji", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "May", "da": "maj", "en_short": "May", "da_short": "maj", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "maj" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "maaji", "natural": "May" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:maaji#e7130", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:maaji#e6744", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41207" ], "id": "maaji", "category": "nouns" } ], "majsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "maize" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "majsi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "maize", "da": "majs", "en_short": "maize", "da_short": "majs", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "majs", "singular_definite": "majsen", "plural": "majs", "plural_definite": "majsene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "majsi", "natural": "maize" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:majsi#e7187", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:majsi#e6801", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86405" ], "id": "majsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "mamik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hairless side of a skin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mamik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hairless side of a skin", "da": "bagside af skind", "en_short": "hairless side of a skin", "da_short": "bagside af skind", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "mamik", "natural": "hairless side of a skin" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mamik#e7341", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mamik#e6951" ], "id": "mamik", "category": "nouns" } ], "maneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "peat for lamp wicks" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "maneq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The English source specifically identifies turf suitable for wicks in soapstone lamps; the Danish source gives a broader peat-mass gloss." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "peat for lamp wicks", "da": "tørv til lampevæger", "en_short": "peat for lamp wicks", "da_short": "tørv til lampevæger", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "maneq", "natural": "peat for lamp wicks" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:maneq#e7357", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:maneq#e6965" ], "id": "maneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "mappi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "folder" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mappi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "folder", "da": "mappe", "en_short": "folder", "da_short": "mappe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mappe", "singular_definite": "mappen", "plural": "mapper", "plural_definite": "mapperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "mappi", "natural": "folder" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mappi#e7441", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mappi#e7043", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77420" ], "id": "mappi", "category": "nouns" } ], "masak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "moisture" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "masak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "moisture", "da": "væde", "en_short": "moisture", "da_short": "væde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "væde", "singular_definite": "væden" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "masak", "natural": "moisture" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:masak#e7523", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:masak#e7127", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89583" ], "id": "masak", "category": "nouns" } ], "meqqi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "brand label" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "meqqi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The Danish source points to mærke as a comparison spelling; no automatic allomorph rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "brand label", "da": "mærke", "en_short": "brand label", "da_short": "mærke", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mærke", "singular_definite": "mærket", "plural": "mærker", "plural_definite": "mærkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "meqqi", "natural": "brand label" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:meqqi#e7633", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:meqqi#e7241", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.48945" ], "id": "meqqi", "category": "nouns" } ], "miili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mile" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "miili", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mile", "da": "mil", "en_short": "mile", "da_short": "mil", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mil", "singular_definite": "milen", "plural": "mil", "plural_definite": "milene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "miili", "natural": "mile" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:miili#e7702", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:miili#e7302", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64362" ], "id": "miili", "category": "nouns" } ], "milak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spot; freckle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spot; freckle", "en_short": "spot; freckle", "da": "plet; fregne", "da_short": "plet; fregne", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "milak", "natural": "spot; freckle" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:milak#e7722", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milak#e7322" ], "id": "milak", "category": "nouns" } ], "milik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stopper" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stopper", "da": "prop", "en_short": "stopper", "da_short": "prop", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "prop", "singular_definite": "proppen", "plural": "propper", "plural_definite": "propperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "milik", "natural": "stopper" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:milik#e7726", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milik#e7326", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97644" ], "id": "milik", "category": "nouns" } ], "missi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dried fish" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "missi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dried fish", "da": "tørfisk", "en_short": "dried fish", "da_short": "tørfisk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tørfisk", "singular_definite": "tørfisken", "plural": "tørfisk", "plural_definite": "tørfiskene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "missi", "natural": "dried fish" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:missi#e7866", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:missi#e7464", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62320" ], "id": "missi", "category": "nouns" } ], "miteq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "eider duck" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "miteq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6 and Bjornum2012:K4§2f independently give the strong qq grammatical-case series. The operational metathesis label does not assert historical true metathesis. Bjornum also gives weak mitip/mitit alternatives; the selected series is not exclusive. Oblique cases retain the strong stem. No reconstructed underlying form or complete possessive paradigm is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "eider duck", "da": "edderfugl", "en_short": "eider duck", "da_short": "edderfugl", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "edderfugl", "singular_definite": "edderfuglen", "plural": "edderfugle", "plural_definite": "edderfuglene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "miteq", "natural": "eider duck" }, { "surface": "meqqup", "natural": "miteq: relative singular (selected strong qq series; Nielsen/Bjornum)" }, { "surface": "meqqit", "natural": "miteq: absolutive plural (selected strong qq series; Nielsen/Bjornum)" }, { "surface": "mitermik", "natural": "miteq: instrumental singular (Nielsen2012; strong oblique stem)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Oqaatsit1997:miteq#e7902", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:miteq#e7497", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73579" ], "id": "miteq", "category": "nouns" } ], "musaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "carrot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "musaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "carrot", "da": "gulerod", "en_short": "carrot", "da_short": "gulerod", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gulerod", "singular_definite": "guleroden", "plural": "gulerødder", "plural_definite": "gulerødderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "musaq", "natural": "carrot" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:musaq#e7951", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:musaq#e7546", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55580" ], "id": "musaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nalla": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "landmark mountain" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalla", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "landmark mountain", "da": "pejlefjeld", "en_short": "landmark mountain", "da_short": "pejlefjeld", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nalla", "natural": "landmark mountain" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nalla#e8526", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nalla#e8053" ], "id": "nalla", "category": "nouns" } ], "naneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "peat mass" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naneq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "peat mass", "da": "tørvemasse", "en_short": "peat mass", "da_short": "tørvemasse", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naneq", "natural": "peat mass" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naneq#e8671", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naneq#e8188" ], "id": "naneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nigeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "southerly wind" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nigeq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Both sources classify this headword as a noun. The selected wind sense covers the southerly sector described by the sources; no verbal stem is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "southerly wind", "da": "søndenvind", "en_short": "southerly wind", "da_short": "søndenvind", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "søndenvind", "singular_definite": "søndenvinden", "plural": "søndenvinde", "plural_definite": "søndenvindene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nigeq", "natural": "southerly wind" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nigeq#e9147", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nigeq#e8629", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60929" ], "id": "nigeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nikku": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dried meat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nikku", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dried meat", "da": "tørret kød", "en_short": "dried meat", "da_short": "tørret kød", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nikku", "natural": "dried meat" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nikku#e9189", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nikku#e8670" ], "id": "nikku", "category": "nouns" } ], "nilak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "freshwater ice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nilak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "freshwater ice", "da": "ferskvandsis", "en_short": "freshwater ice", "da_short": "ferskvandsis", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nilak", "natural": "freshwater ice" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nilak#e9200", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nilak#e8681" ], "id": "nilak", "category": "nouns" } ], "nileq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fart" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nileq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fart", "da": "prut", "en_short": "fart", "da_short": "prut", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "prut", "singular_definite": "prutten", "plural": "prutter", "plural_definite": "prutterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nileq", "natural": "fart" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nileq#e9203", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nileq#e8684", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77213" ], "id": "nileq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nimeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wrapping" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nimeq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wrapping", "da": "forbinding", "en_short": "wrapping", "da_short": "forbinding", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "forbinding", "singular_definite": "forbindingen", "plural": "forbindinger", "plural_definite": "forbindingerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nimeq", "natural": "wrapping" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nimeq#e9232", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nimeq#e8712", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68933" ], "id": "nimeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "niulu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "furniture leg" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niulu", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "furniture leg", "da": "møbelben", "en_short": "furniture leg", "da_short": "møbelben", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "niulu", "natural": "furniture leg" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:niulu#e9398", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niulu#e8865" ], "id": "niulu", "category": "nouns" } ], "normu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "identifying number" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "normu", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "identifying number", "da": "nummer", "en_short": "identifying number", "da_short": "nummer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "nummer", "singular_definite": "nummeret", "plural": "numre", "plural_definite": "numrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "normu", "natural": "identifying number" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:normu#e9472", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:normu#e8930", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44186" ], "id": "normu", "category": "nouns" } ], "nuiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cloud" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuiaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cloud", "da": "sky", "en_short": "cloud", "da_short": "sky", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuiaq", "natural": "cloud" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nuiaq#e9527", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuiaq#e8984", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60058", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73562" ], "id": "nuiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nukaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "younger same-sex sibling" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nukaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The selected kinship sense is a younger sibling of the same sex as the referent, as both rows specify." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "younger same-sex sibling", "da": "yngre søskende af samme køn", "en_short": "younger same-sex sibling", "da_short": "yngre søskende af samme køn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nukaq", "natural": "younger same-sex sibling" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nukaq#e9589", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nukaq#e9041", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55883", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82608" ], "id": "nukaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "opera": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "opera" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "opera", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "opera", "da": "opera", "en_short": "opera", "da_short": "opera", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "opera", "singular_definite": "operaen", "plural": "operaer", "plural_definite": "operaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "opera", "natural": "opera" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:opera#e9934", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:opera#e9296", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92090" ], "id": "opera", "category": "nouns" } ], "oqqoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lee side" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqqoq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lee side", "da": "læside", "en_short": "lee side", "da_short": "læside", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "læside", "singular_definite": "læsiden" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oqqoq", "natural": "lee side" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:oqqoq#e10182", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqqoq#e9550", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78197" ], "id": "oqqoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ozoni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ozone" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ozoni", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ozone", "da": "ozon", "en_short": "ozone", "da_short": "ozon", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ozoni", "natural": "ozone" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ozoni#e10306", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ozoni#e9666" ], "id": "ozoni", "category": "nouns" } ], "paleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cartridge wadding" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paleq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cartridge wadding", "da": "forladning i patron", "en_short": "cartridge wadding", "da_short": "forladning i patron", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "paleq", "natural": "cartridge wadding" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:paleq#e10520", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paleq#e9861" ], "id": "paleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "palme": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "palm tree" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "palme", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "palm tree", "da": "palme", "en_short": "palm tree", "da_short": "palme", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "palme", "singular_definite": "palmen", "plural": "palmer", "plural_definite": "palmerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "palme", "natural": "palm tree" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:palme#e10540", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:palme#e9880", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56322" ], "id": "palme", "category": "nouns" } ], "papik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tail feather" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "papik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tail feather", "da": "halefjer", "en_short": "tail feather", "da_short": "halefjer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "halefjer", "singular_definite": "halefjeren", "plural": "halefjer", "plural_definite": "halefjerene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "papik", "natural": "tail feather" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:papik#e10596", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:papik#e9937", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.88007" ], "id": "papik", "category": "nouns" } ], "pappi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cardboard" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pappi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cardboard", "da": "pap", "en_short": "cardboard", "da_short": "pap", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pappi", "natural": "cardboard" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pappi#e10603", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pappi#e9944" ], "id": "pappi", "category": "nouns" } ], "pateq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bone marrow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pateq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bone marrow", "da": "knoglemarv", "en_short": "bone marrow", "da_short": "knoglemarv", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "knoglemarv", "singular_definite": "knoglemarven" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pateq", "natural": "bone marrow" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pateq#e10677", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pateq#e10011", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63025" ], "id": "pateq", "category": "nouns" } ], "peqat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fellow confirmand" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "peqat", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries establish the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The selected noun sense concerns a person confirmed together with another person; no broader fellow/companion sense is imported." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fellow confirmand", "da": "medkonfirmand", "en_short": "fellow confirmand", "da_short": "medkonfirmand", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "peqat", "natural": "fellow confirmand" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:peqat#e10752", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:peqat#e10077" ], "id": "peqat", "category": "nouns" } ], "øre": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "øre coin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "øre", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The selected coin sense excludes the English row’s malformed currency wording; no quantitative conversion is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "øre coin", "da": "øremønt", "en_short": "øre coin", "da_short": "øremønt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "øre", "singular_definite": "øren", "plural": [ "ører", "øre" ], "plural_definite": [ "ørene", "ørerne" ] } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "øre", "natural": "øre coin" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:øre#e18729", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:øre#e17695", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42767" ], "id": "øre", "category": "nouns" } ], "asaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "floor-cleaning cloth" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asaat", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "floor-cleaning cloth", "da": "gulvklud", "en_short": "floor-cleaning cloth", "da_short": "gulvklud", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gulvklud", "singular_definite": "gulvkluden", "plural": "gulvklude", "plural_definite": "gulvkludene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "asaat", "natural": "floor-cleaning cloth" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asaat#e1973", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asaat#e1936", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84941" ], "id": "asaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "ittoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "male family head" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ittoq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "male family head", "da": "familiens mandlige overhoved", "en_short": "male family head", "da_short": "familiens mandlige overhoved", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ittoq", "natural": "male family head" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ittoq#e5467", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ittoq#e5318" ], "id": "ittoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kalak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Greenlander (emphatic)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kalak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The emphatic lexical sense is retained without claims about historical atomicity." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Greenlander (emphatic)", "da": "grønlænder (eftertrykkeligt)", "en_short": "Greenlander (emphatic)", "da_short": "grønlænder (eftertrykkeligt)", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "grønlænder", "singular_definite": "grønlænderen", "plural": "grønlændere", "plural_definite": "grønlænderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kalak", "natural": "Greenlander (emphatic)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kalak#e5822", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kalak#e5584", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87501" ], "id": "kalak", "category": "nouns" } ], "kingu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "back end" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kingu", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "back end", "da": "bagende", "en_short": "back end", "da_short": "bagende", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bagende", "singular_definite": "bagenden", "plural": "bagender", "plural_definite": "bagenderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kingu", "natural": "back end" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kingu#e6450", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kingu#e6177", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70493" ], "id": "kingu", "category": "nouns" } ], "krone": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "krone coin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "krone", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The selected coin sense follows the Danish row; English Crowne does not establish a conversion or regalia sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "krone coin", "da": "kronemønt", "en_short": "krone coin", "da_short": "kronemønt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "krone", "singular_definite": "kronen", "plural": "kroner", "plural_definite": "kronerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "krone", "natural": "krone coin" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:krone#e6745", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:krone#e6469", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.99957" ], "id": "krone", "category": "nouns" } ], "piivi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Lapland longspur" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "piivi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Lapland longspur", "da": "laplandsværling", "en_short": "Lapland longspur", "da_short": "laplandsværling", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "piivi", "natural": "Lapland longspur" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:piivi#e11048", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piivi#e10362" ], "id": "piivi", "category": "nouns" } ], "pingu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "knoll" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pingu", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "knoll", "da": "forhøjning i jorden", "en_short": "knoll", "da_short": "forhøjning i jorden", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pingu", "natural": "knoll" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pingu#e11299", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pingu#e10597", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61114", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93372" ], "id": "pingu", "category": "nouns" } ], "piseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "traditional Greenlandic song" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "piseq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: piseq has a literal single consonant in -seq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and s becomes ts before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "traditional Greenlandic song", "da": "traditionel grønlandsk vise", "en_short": "traditional Greenlandic song", "da_short": "traditionel grønlandsk vise", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "piseq", "natural": "traditional Greenlandic song" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:piseq#e11427", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piseq#e10723", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "STO:2008-v2/traditionel#dbf2df02d83e8c605220568264ba8a99383158de824e682039d4a21e2abb1891", "STO:2008-v2/grønlandsk#4b39939ffeb7c57f0684485957a1debc14d55c2ba38d7eacda402a447591acd5", "STO:2008-v2/vise#ccb91890673ceac54f8be2b561f106edacc1beadd0a214c9e01287af3e4fe929" ], "id": "piseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "porre": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "leek" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "porre", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "leek", "da": "porre", "en_short": "leek", "da_short": "porre", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "porre", "singular_definite": "porren", "plural": "porrer", "plural_definite": "porrerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "porre", "natural": "leek" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:porre#e11702", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:porre#e10978", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.96854" ], "id": "porre", "category": "nouns" } ], "pukak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "snow crust of ice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pukak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "snow crust of ice", "da": "isskorpe på sne", "en_short": "snow crust of ice", "da_short": "isskorpe på sne", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pukak", "natural": "snow crust of ice" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pukak#e11862", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pukak#e11135" ], "id": "pukak", "category": "nouns" } ], "pukeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "white-haired caribou skin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pukeq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The sources disagree on belly versus hindquarters. Only the shared white-haired caribou-skin sense is admitted; anatomical location remains unresolved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "white-haired caribou skin", "da": "hvidhåret renskind", "en_short": "white-haired caribou skin", "da_short": "hvidhåret renskind", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pukeq", "natural": "white-haired caribou skin" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pukeq#e11864", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pukeq#e11137" ], "id": "pukeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pumpe": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pump" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pumpe", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pump", "da": "pumpe", "en_short": "pump", "da_short": "pumpe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pumpe", "singular_definite": "pumpen", "plural": "pumper", "plural_definite": "pumperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pumpe", "natural": "pump" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pumpe#e11923", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pumpe#e11192", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80397" ], "id": "pumpe", "category": "nouns" } ], "pundi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pound (500 g in the source)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pundi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The 500 g value is explicitly source-scoped, not asserted as a general international pound conversion." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pound (500 g in the source)", "da": "pund", "en_short": "pound (500 g in the source)", "da_short": "pund", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pund", "singular_definite": "pundet", "plural": "pund", "plural_definite": "pundene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pundi", "natural": "pound (500 g in the source)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pundi#e11925", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pundi#e11194", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55166" ], "id": "pundi", "category": "nouns" } ], "pupik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mushroom" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pupik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mushroom", "da": "svamp", "en_short": "mushroom", "da_short": "svamp", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "svamp", "singular_definite": "svampen", "plural": "svampe", "plural_definite": "svampene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pupik", "natural": "mushroom" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pupik#e11934", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pupik#e11203", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92867" ], "id": "pupik", "category": "nouns" } ], "pølse": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sausage" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pølse", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sausage", "da": "pølse", "en_short": "sausage", "da_short": "pølse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pølse", "singular_definite": "pølsen", "plural": "pølser", "plural_definite": "pølserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pølse", "natural": "sausage" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pølse#e12039", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pølse#e11307", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94853" ], "id": "pølse", "category": "nouns" } ], "qalak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bubble in boiling liquid" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qalak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bubble in boiling liquid", "da": "boble i kogende væske", "en_short": "bubble in boiling liquid", "da_short": "boble i kogende væske", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "boble", "singular_definite": "boblen", "plural": "bobler", "plural_definite": "boblerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qalak", "natural": "bubble in boiling liquid" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qalak#e12299", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qalak#e11534", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81221" ], "id": "qalak", "category": "nouns" } ], "qallu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "eyebrow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qallu", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "eyebrow", "da": "øjenbryn", "en_short": "eyebrow", "da_short": "øjenbryn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "øjenbryn", "singular_definite": "øjenbrynet", "plural": "øjenbryn", "plural_definite": "øjenbrynene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qallu", "natural": "eyebrow" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qallu#e12370", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qallu#e11606", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81684" ], "id": "qallu", "category": "nouns" } ], "qaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mouth" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaneq", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "search_forms": [ "qaneq", "qarnga" ], "notes": [ "Current inspected oq-api 0.4.25 reproduces the reviewed instrumental form, but grammatical n-family metathesis remains approximate/unimplemented. The source-attested profile does not claim exact consumer execution or select an optional-g variant; do not hide that limitation with an invented surface.", "The dictionaries independently attest qarnga as his/her mouth. Keep that exact surface as lexical pedagogy/search evidence; no ending decomposition, productive alternation or new paradigm is inferred from this row.", "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.2.6 and Bjornum2012 K4§2f explicitly list this owner among strong q-stems with metathesis. The profile records that cited class, not a rule inferred from final spelling. In nonpossessive forms metathesis is confined to grammatical cases; obliques use the strong nonmetathesized stem. Possessive behavior is person-conditioned and source variants remain separately reviewable; this lexical family is not generally productive." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mouth", "da": "mund", "en_short": "mouth", "da_short": "mund", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mund", "singular_definite": "munden", "plural": "munde", "plural_definite": "mundene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qarnga", "natural": "his/her mouth" }, { "surface": "qaneq", "natural": "mouth" } ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "strength": "strong", "declension_class": "up" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qarnga#e12672", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qarnga#e11909", "Oqaatsit1997:qaneq#e12450", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaneq#e11685", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44333" ], "id": "qaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qanik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "snowflake" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qanik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "snowflake", "da": "snefnug", "en_short": "snowflake", "da_short": "snefnug", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "snefnug", "singular_definite": "snefnugget", "plural": "snefnug", "plural_definite": "snefnuggene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qanik", "natural": "snowflake" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qanik#e12480", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qanik#e11715", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60472" ], "id": "qanik", "category": "nouns" } ], "qatik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bird breastbone" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qatik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bird breastbone", "da": "brystben på en fugl", "en_short": "bird breastbone", "da_short": "brystben på en fugl", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "brystben", "singular_definite": "brystbenet", "plural": "brystben", "plural_definite": "brystbenene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qatik", "natural": "bird breastbone" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qatik#e12790", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qatik#e12024", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74660" ], "id": "qatik", "category": "nouns" } ], "qavak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Greenlander from the far south" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qavak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Greenlander from the far south", "da": "grønlænder fra Kap Farvel-området", "en_short": "Greenlander from the far south", "da_short": "grønlænder fra Kap Farvel-området", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sydlænding", "singular_definite": "sydlændingen", "plural": "sydlændinge", "plural_definite": "sydlændingene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qavak", "natural": "Greenlander from the far south" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qavak#e12824", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qavak#e12060", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80647" ], "id": "qavak", "category": "nouns" } ], "qeqoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lime" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qeqoq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lime", "da": "kalk", "en_short": "lime", "da_short": "kalk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qeqoq", "natural": "lime" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qeqoq#e12864", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qeqoq#e12091", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70558", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77824" ], "id": "qeqoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qumaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "intestinal worm" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qumaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "intestinal worm", "da": "indvoldsorm", "en_short": "intestinal worm", "da_short": "indvoldsorm", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "indvoldsorm", "singular_definite": "indvoldsormen", "plural": [ "indvoldsorme", "indvoldsorm" ], "plural_definite": "indvoldsormene" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qumaq", "natural": "intestinal worm" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qumaq#e13661", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qumaq#e12883", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95448" ], "id": "qumaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qutuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "collarbone" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qutuk", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Lowercase anatomical noun rows are pinned; separate uppercase Qutuk constellation rows are excluded. No capitalization rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "collarbone", "da": "nøgleben", "en_short": "collarbone", "da_short": "nøgleben", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "nøgleben", "singular_definite": "nøglebenet", "plural": "nøgleben", "plural_definite": "nøglebenene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qutuk", "natural": "collarbone" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qutuk#e13772", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qutuk#e12996", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87332" ], "id": "qutuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "quuik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "seal hind-flipper bone" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "quuik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "seal hind-flipper bone", "da": "knogle i sælens baglalle", "en_short": "seal hind-flipper bone", "da_short": "knogle i sælens baglalle", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "quuik", "natural": "seal hind-flipper bone" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:quuik#e13774", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:quuik#e12998" ], "id": "quuik", "category": "nouns" } ], "raaja": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shrimp" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "raaja", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shrimp", "da": "reje", "en_short": "shrimp", "da_short": "reje", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "reje", "singular_definite": "rejen", "plural": "rejer", "plural_definite": "rejerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "raaja", "natural": "shrimp" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:raaja#e13819", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:raaja#e13008", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67499" ], "id": "raaja", "category": "nouns" } ], "radio": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "radio" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "radio", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "radio", "da": "radio", "en_short": "radio", "da_short": "radio", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "radio", "singular_definite": "radioen", "plural": "radioer", "plural_definite": "radioerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "radio", "natural": "radio" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:radio#e13827", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:radio#e13016", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42278" ], "id": "radio", "category": "nouns" } ], "rente": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "interest" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "rente", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "interest", "da": "rente", "en_short": "interest", "da_short": "rente", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rente", "singular_definite": "renten", "plural": "renter", "plural_definite": "renterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "rente", "natural": "interest" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:rente#e13848", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:rente#e13037", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60232" ], "id": "rente", "category": "nouns" } ], "rocki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rock music" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "rocki", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rock music", "da": "rockmusik", "en_short": "rock music", "da_short": "rockmusik", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rockmusik", "singular_definite": "rockmusikken" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "rocki", "natural": "rock music" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:rocki#e13855", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:rocki#e13045", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67577" ], "id": "rocki", "category": "nouns" } ], "rommi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rum" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "rommi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rum", "da": "rom", "en_short": "rum", "da_short": "rom", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "rommi", "natural": "rum" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:rommi#e13858", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:rommi#e13047", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56704", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60016" ], "id": "rommi", "category": "nouns" } ], "rommy": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rummy game" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "rommy", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rummy game", "da": "rommyspil", "en_short": "rummy game", "da_short": "rommyspil", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rommy", "singular_definite": "rommyen" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "rommy", "natural": "rummy game" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:rommy#e13859", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:rommy#e13048", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95200" ], "id": "rommy", "category": "nouns" } ], "ruusa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rose" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ruusa", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rose", "da": "rose", "en_short": "rose", "da_short": "rose", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rose", "singular_definite": "rosen", "plural": "roser", "plural_definite": "roserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ruusa", "natural": "rose" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ruusa#e13869", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ruusa#e13056", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63348" ], "id": "ruusa", "category": "nouns" } ], "rytme": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rhythm" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "rytme", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rhythm", "da": "rytme", "en_short": "rhythm", "da_short": "rytme", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rytme", "singular_definite": "rytmen", "plural": "rytmer", "plural_definite": "rytmerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "rytme", "natural": "rhythm" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:rytme#e13872", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:rytme#e13059", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91790" ], "id": "rytme", "category": "nouns" } ], "sakku": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "weapon; tool" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sakku", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "weapon; tool", "en_short": "weapon; tool", "da": "våben; værktøj", "da_short": "våben; værktøj", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sakku", "natural": "weapon; tool" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sakku#e14101", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sakku#e13207", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.45484", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70192" ], "id": "sakku", "category": "nouns" } ], "sallu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "falsehood" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sallu", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "falsehood", "da": "usandhed", "en_short": "falsehood", "da_short": "usandhed", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "usandhed", "singular_definite": "usandheden", "plural": "usandheder", "plural_definite": "usandhederne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sallu", "natural": "falsehood" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sallu#e14157", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sallu#e13261", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78675" ], "id": "sallu", "category": "nouns" } ], "sanik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dust particle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sanik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dust particle", "da": "støvgran", "en_short": "dust particle", "da_short": "støvgran", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "støvgran", "singular_definite": [ "støvgranet", "støvgrannet" ], "plural": "støvgran", "plural_definite": [ "støvgranene", "støvgrannene" ] } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sanik", "natural": "dust particle" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sanik#e14262", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sanik#e13365", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89938" ], "id": "sanik", "category": "nouns" } ], "saput": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dam for blocking fish" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saput", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dam for blocking fish", "da": "ørredspærre", "en_short": "dam for blocking fish", "da_short": "ørredspærre", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "dæmning", "singular_definite": "dæmningen", "plural": "dæmninger", "plural_definite": "dæmningerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "saput", "natural": "dam for blocking fish" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:saput#e14373", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saput#e13474", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62489" ], "id": "saput", "category": "nouns" } ], "sigti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rye-and-wheat bread" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sigti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The Danish row compares sitsi; no automatic spelling or inflectional variant mapping is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rye-and-wheat bread", "da": "sigtebrød", "en_short": "rye-and-wheat bread", "da_short": "sigtebrød", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sigtebrød", "singular_definite": "sigtebrødet", "plural": "sigtebrød", "plural_definite": "sigtebrødene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sigti", "natural": "rye-and-wheat bread" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sigti#e14739", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sigti#e13821", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87636" ], "id": "sigti", "category": "nouns" } ], "simik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bung" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "simik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bung", "da": "spuns", "en_short": "bung", "da_short": "spuns", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "spuns", "singular_definite": "spunsen", "plural": [ "spunse", "spunser" ], "plural_definite": [ "spunsene", "spunserne" ] } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "simik", "natural": "bung" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:simik#e14965", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:simik#e14049", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56290" ], "id": "simik", "category": "nouns" } ], "sisak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "steel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sisak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "steel", "da": "stål", "en_short": "steel", "da_short": "stål", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sisak", "natural": "steel" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sisak#e15163", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sisak#e14243", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62286", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69714" ], "id": "sisak", "category": "nouns" } ], "skooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shoe" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "skooq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shoe", "da": "sko", "en_short": "shoe", "da_short": "sko", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sko", "singular_definite": "skoen", "plural": "sko", "plural_definite": "skoene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "skooq", "natural": "shoe" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:skooq#e15361", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:skooq#e14437", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79707" ], "id": "skooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sukaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "supporting post" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sukaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "supporting post", "da": "stolpe", "en_short": "supporting post", "da_short": "stolpe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "stolpe", "singular_definite": "stolpen", "plural": "stolper", "plural_definite": "stolperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sukaq", "natural": "supporting post" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sukaq#e15537", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sukaq#e14613", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81705" ], "id": "sukaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sukku": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sugar cube" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sukku", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sugar cube", "da": "sukkerstykke", "en_short": "sugar cube", "da_short": "sukkerstykke", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sukku", "natural": "sugar cube" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sukku#e15565", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sukku#e14642" ], "id": "sukku", "category": "nouns" } ], "suppa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "soup" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "suppa", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "soup", "da": "suppe", "en_short": "soup", "da_short": "suppe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "suppe", "singular_definite": "suppen", "plural": "supper", "plural_definite": "supperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "suppa", "natural": "soup" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:suppa#e15782", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:suppa#e14856", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97579" ], "id": "suppa", "category": "nouns" } ], "susaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "direct object (grammar)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "susaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Dictionary grammatical terminology is a lexical sense, not a new syntactic rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "direct object (grammar)", "da": "genstandsled", "en_short": "direct object (grammar)", "da_short": "genstandsled", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "genstandsled", "singular_definite": "genstandsleddet", "plural": "genstandsled", "plural_definite": "genstandsleddene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "susaq", "natural": "direct object (grammar)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:susaq#e15791", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:susaq#e14865", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55076" ], "id": "susaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "susoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "subject (grammar)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "susoq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Dictionary grammatical terminology is a lexical sense, not a new syntactic rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "subject (grammar)", "da": "grundled", "en_short": "subject (grammar)", "da_short": "grundled", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "grundled", "singular_definite": "grundleddet", "plural": "grundled", "plural_definite": "grundleddene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "susoq", "natural": "subject (grammar)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:susoq#e15797", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:susoq#e14871", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91407" ], "id": "susoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sølvi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "silver" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sølvi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "silver", "da": "sølv", "en_short": "silver", "da_short": "sølv", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sølv", "singular_definite": "sølvet" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sølvi", "natural": "silver" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sølvi#e15841", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sølvi#e14915", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68887" ], "id": "sølvi", "category": "nouns" } ], "takti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "musical rhythm" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "takti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "musical rhythm", "da": "takt i musik", "en_short": "musical rhythm", "da_short": "takt i musik", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "takt", "singular_definite": "takten", "plural": "takter", "plural_definite": "takterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takti", "natural": "musical rhythm" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:takti#e16155", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:takti#e15158", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.46977" ], "id": "takti", "category": "nouns" } ], "tanki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "liquid tank" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tanki", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "liquid tank", "da": "væskebeholder", "en_short": "liquid tank", "da_short": "væskebeholder", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "beholder", "singular_definite": "beholderen", "plural": "beholdere", "plural_definite": "beholderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tanki", "natural": "liquid tank" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tanki#e16356", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tanki#e15369", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69087" ], "id": "tanki", "category": "nouns" } ], "tapeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "supplement; subsidy" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tapeq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "supplement; subsidy", "en_short": "supplement; subsidy", "da": "tillæg; tilskud", "da_short": "tillæg; tilskud", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tapeq", "natural": "supplement; subsidy" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tapeq#e16366", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tapeq#e15379", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.47654", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98307" ], "id": "tapeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "taqaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "blood vessel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taqaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "blood vessel", "da": "blodåre", "en_short": "blood vessel", "da_short": "blodåre", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "blodåre", "singular_definite": "blodåren", "plural": "blodårer", "plural_definite": "blodårerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "taqaq", "natural": "blood vessel" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:taqaq#e16416", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taqaq#e15436", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71313" ], "id": "taqaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tartu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kidney" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tartu", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kidney", "da": "nyre", "en_short": "kidney", "da_short": "nyre", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "nyre", "singular_definite": "nyren", "plural": "nyrer", "plural_definite": "nyrerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tartu", "natural": "kidney" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tartu#e16500", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tartu#e15528", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67144" ], "id": "tartu", "category": "nouns" } ], "tiimi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "class period" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tiimi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "class period", "da": "undervisningstime", "en_short": "class period", "da_short": "undervisningstime", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "undervisningstime", "singular_definite": "undervisningstimen", "plural": "undervisningstimer", "plural_definite": "undervisningstimerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tiimi", "natural": "class period" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tiimi#e16695", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tiimi#e15745", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70492" ], "id": "tiimi", "category": "nouns" } ], "tonsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ton" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tonsi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ton", "da": "ton", "en_short": "ton", "da_short": "ton", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tonsi", "natural": "ton" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tonsi#e16964", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tonsi#e16030" ], "id": "tonsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "tormi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "inch" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tormi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "inch", "da": "tomme", "en_short": "inch", "da_short": "tomme", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tomme", "singular_definite": "tommen", "plural": "tommer", "plural_definite": "tommerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tormi", "natural": "inch" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tormi#e17073", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tormi#e16143", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.50760" ], "id": "tormi", "category": "nouns" } ], "tuaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "landfast ice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuaaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "landfast ice", "da": "landfast is", "en_short": "landfast ice", "da_short": "landfast is", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tuaaq", "natural": "landfast ice" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tuaaq#e17103", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuaaq#e16171" ], "id": "tuaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tuluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "English person" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuluk", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "English person", "da": "englænder", "en_short": "English person", "da_short": "englænder", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "englænder", "singular_definite": "englænderen", "plural": "englændere", "plural_definite": "englænderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tuluk", "natural": "English person" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tuluk#e17203", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuluk#e16277", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.66280" ], "id": "tuluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "tuneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "legendary inlander" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuneq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Only the shared legendary-inlander sense is selected; no archaeological identification is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "legendary inlander", "da": "indlandsbo i sagn", "en_short": "legendary inlander", "da_short": "indlandsbo i sagn", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tuneq", "natural": "legendary inlander" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tuneq#e17236", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuneq#e16313" ], "id": "tuneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tungu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fruit or berry juice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tungu", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fruit or berry juice", "da": "frugt- eller bærsaft", "en_short": "fruit or berry juice", "da_short": "frugt- eller bærsaft", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tungu", "natural": "fruit or berry juice" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tungu#e17248", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tungu#e16327" ], "id": "tungu", "category": "nouns" } ], "tussi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "marker pen" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tussi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Only the shared marker-pen sense is admitted. Other English glosses, including stroll, are not imported." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "marker pen", "da": "spritpen", "en_short": "marker pen", "da_short": "spritpen", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tussi", "natural": "marker pen" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tussi#e17434", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tussi#e16533", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.148622" ], "id": "tussi", "category": "nouns" } ], "tutuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ingrained dirt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tutuk", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ingrained dirt", "da": "indgroet snavs", "en_short": "ingrained dirt", "da_short": "indgroet snavs", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tutuk", "natural": "ingrained dirt" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tutuk#e17472", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tutuk#e16569" ], "id": "tutuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "tæppe": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "blanket" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tæppe", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "blanket", "da": "tæppe", "en_short": "blanket", "da_short": "tæppe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tæppe", "singular_definite": "tæppet", "plural": "tæpper", "plural_definite": "tæpperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tæppe", "natural": "blanket" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tæppe#e17503", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tæppe#e16599", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44323" ], "id": "tæppe", "category": "nouns" } ], "ualeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "afternoon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ualeq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "afternoon", "da": "eftermiddag", "en_short": "afternoon", "da_short": "eftermiddag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "eftermiddag", "singular_definite": "eftermiddagen", "plural": "eftermiddage", "plural_definite": "eftermiddagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ualeq", "natural": "afternoon" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ualeq#e17572", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ualeq#e16611", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44868" ], "id": "ualeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uigoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lengthening piece" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uigoq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lengthening piece", "da": "forlængerstykke", "en_short": "lengthening piece", "da_short": "forlængerstykke", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "forlængerstykke", "singular_definite": "forlængerstykket", "plural": "forlængerstykker", "plural_definite": "forlængerstykkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uigoq", "natural": "lengthening piece" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uigoq#e17641", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uigoq#e16678", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78627" ], "id": "uigoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uinik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "human flesh" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uinik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "human flesh", "da": "kød på kroppen", "en_short": "human flesh", "da_short": "kød på kroppen", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kød", "singular_definite": "kødet" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uinik", "natural": "human flesh" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uinik#e17658", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uinik#e16698", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42691" ], "id": "uinik", "category": "nouns" } ], "uisuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "partner; beloved" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uisuk", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "partner; beloved", "en_short": "partner; beloved", "da": "samlever; kæreste", "da_short": "samlever; kæreste", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uisuk", "natural": "partner; beloved" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uisuk#e17691", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uisuk#e16732", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.51216", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56012" ], "id": "uisuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "ukiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "autumn" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ukiaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "autumn", "da": "efterår", "en_short": "autumn", "da_short": "efterår", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "efterår", "singular_definite": "efteråret", "plural": "efterår", "plural_definite": "efterårene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukiaq", "natural": "autumn" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ukiaq#e17764", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ukiaq#e16805", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42748" ], "id": "ukiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ukuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "daughter-in-law; sister-in-law" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ukuaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "daughter-in-law; sister-in-law", "en_short": "daughter-in-law; sister-in-law", "da": "svigerdatter; svigerinde", "da_short": "svigerdatter; svigerinde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukuaq", "natural": "daughter-in-law; sister-in-law" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ukuaq#e17823", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ukuaq#e16864", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62667", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71142" ], "id": "ukuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uliut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "beluga back portion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uliut", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The cited beluga back portion is described as a share from a catch; that lexical context is retained." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "beluga back portion", "da": "rygstykke af hvidhval", "en_short": "beluga back portion", "da_short": "rygstykke af hvidhval", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uliut", "natural": "beluga back portion" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uliut#e17887", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uliut#e16925" ], "id": "uliut", "category": "nouns" } ], "uniut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "towing line" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uniut", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "towing line", "da": "trækline", "en_short": "towing line", "da_short": "trækline", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "snor", "singular_definite": "snoren", "plural": "snore", "plural_definite": "snorene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uniut", "natural": "towing line" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uniut#e18186", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uniut#e17212", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98046" ], "id": "uniut", "category": "nouns" } ], "unneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "frost-whitened sealskin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unneq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "frost-whitened sealskin", "da": "frostbleget sælskind", "en_short": "frost-whitened sealskin", "da_short": "frostbleget sælskind", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "unneq", "natural": "frost-whitened sealskin" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:unneq#e18193", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unneq#e17222" ], "id": "unneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "upaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "food taken home from a gathering" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "upaaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "food taken home from a gathering", "da": "mad taget med hjem fra et selskab", "en_short": "food taken home from a gathering", "da_short": "mad taget med hjem fra et selskab", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "upaaq", "natural": "food taken home from a gathering" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:upaaq#e18256", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:upaaq#e17282" ], "id": "upaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uppat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "thigh; hindquarters" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uppat", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thigh; hindquarters", "en_short": "thigh; hindquarters", "da": "lår; bagkrop", "da_short": "lår; bagkrop", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uppat", "natural": "thigh; hindquarters" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uppat#e18290", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uppat#e17314" ], "id": "uppat", "category": "nouns" } ], "uppik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "owl" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uppik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "owl", "da": "ugle", "en_short": "owl", "da_short": "ugle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ugle", "singular_definite": "uglen", "plural": "ugler", "plural_definite": "uglerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uppik", "natural": "owl" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uppik#e18327", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uppik#e17350", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92678" ], "id": "uppik", "category": "nouns" } ], "upput": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lament song" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "upput", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The noun lament/dirge is distinct from the separately listed bound deverbal affix -upput; no affix behavior is imported." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lament song", "da": "klagesang", "en_short": "lament song", "da_short": "klagesang", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "klagesang", "singular_definite": "klagesangen", "plural": "klagesange", "plural_definite": "klagesangene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "upput", "natural": "lament song" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:upput#e18335", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:upput#e17358", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97971" ], "id": "upput", "category": "nouns" } ], "urani": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "uranium" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "urani", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "uranium", "da": "uran", "en_short": "uranium", "da_short": "uran", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "urani", "natural": "uranium" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:urani#e18338", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:urani#e17361" ], "id": "urani", "category": "nouns" } ], "ussat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "proverb" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ussat", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "proverb", "da": "ordsprog", "en_short": "proverb", "da_short": "ordsprog", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ordsprog", "singular_definite": "ordsproget", "plural": "ordsprog", "plural_definite": "ordsprogene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ussat", "natural": "proverb" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ussat#e18378", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ussat#e17401", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72171" ], "id": "ussat", "category": "nouns" } ], "uulia": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "oil" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uulia", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "oil", "da": "olie", "en_short": "oil", "da_short": "olie", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "olie", "singular_definite": "olien", "plural": "olier", "plural_definite": "olierne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uulia", "natural": "oil" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uulia#e18504", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uulia#e17521", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41943" ], "id": "uulia", "category": "nouns" } ], "uuneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "burn injury" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uuneq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "burn injury", "da": "brandsår", "en_short": "burn injury", "da_short": "brandsår", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "brandsår", "singular_definite": "brandsåret", "plural": "brandsår", "plural_definite": "brandsårene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uuneq", "natural": "burn injury" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uuneq#e18583", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uuneq#e17606", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81121" ], "id": "uuneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uutuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cradle cap" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uutuk", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cradle cap", "da": "arp", "en_short": "cradle cap", "da_short": "arp", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "arp", "singular_definite": "arpen" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uutuk", "natural": "cradle cap" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uutuk#e18613", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uutuk#e17630", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90963" ], "id": "uutuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "valsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "waltz" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "valsi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "waltz", "da": "vals", "en_short": "waltz", "da_short": "vals", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vals", "singular_definite": "valsen", "plural": "valse", "plural_definite": "valsene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "valsi", "natural": "waltz" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:valsi#e18653", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:valsi#e17636", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77137" ], "id": "valsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "vavva": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dog (child's word)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "vavva", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Both rows mark this dog word as children’s language." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dog (child's word)", "da": "hund (barnesprog)", "en_short": "dog (child's word)", "da_short": "hund (barnesprog)", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hund", "singular_definite": "hunden", "plural": "hunde", "plural_definite": "hundene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "vavva", "natural": "dog (child's word)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:vavva#e18657", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:vavva#e17640", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41457" ], "id": "vavva", "category": "nouns" } ], "versi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "verse" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "versi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "verse", "da": "vers", "en_short": "verse", "da_short": "vers", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vers", "singular_definite": "verset", "plural": "vers", "plural_definite": "versene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "versi", "natural": "verse" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:versi#e18661", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:versi#e17644", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40453" ], "id": "versi", "category": "nouns" } ], "video": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "video" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "video", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "video", "da": "video", "en_short": "video", "da_short": "video", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "video", "singular_definite": "videoen", "plural": "videoer", "plural_definite": "videoerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "video", "natural": "video" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:video#e18663", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:video#e17646", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.50456" ], "id": "video", "category": "nouns" } ], "villa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "detached house" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "villa", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "detached house", "da": "villa", "en_short": "detached house", "da_short": "villa", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "villa", "singular_definite": "villaen", "plural": "villaer", "plural_definite": "villaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "villa", "natural": "detached house" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:villa#e18675", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:villa#e17658", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72877" ], "id": "villa", "category": "nouns" } ], "vodka": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vodka" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "vodka", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vodka", "da": "vodka", "en_short": "vodka", "da_short": "vodka", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vodka", "singular_definite": "vodkaen", "plural": "vodkaer", "plural_definite": "vodkaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "vodka", "natural": "vodka" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:vodka#e18679", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:vodka#e17662", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80138" ], "id": "vodka", "category": "nouns" } ], "voksi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wax" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "voksi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wax", "da": "voks", "en_short": "wax", "da_short": "voks", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "voksi", "natural": "wax" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:voksi#e18680", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:voksi#e17663" ], "id": "voksi", "category": "nouns" } ], "volti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "volt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "volti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "volt", "da": "volt", "en_short": "volt", "da_short": "volt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "volt", "plural": "volt" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "volti", "natural": "volt" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:volti#e18682", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:volti#e17665", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61645" ], "id": "volti", "category": "nouns" } ], "watti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "watt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "watti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "watt", "da": "watt", "en_short": "watt", "da_short": "watt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "watt", "plural": "watt" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "watti", "natural": "watt" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:watti#e18708", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:watti#e17669", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79775" ], "id": "watti", "category": "nouns" } ], "whist": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "whist card game" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "whist", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "whist card game", "da": "kortspillet whist", "en_short": "whist card game", "da_short": "kortspillet whist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "whist", "singular_definite": "whisten" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "whist", "natural": "whist card game" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:whist#e18713", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:whist#e17673", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60683" ], "id": "whist", "category": "nouns" } ], "ymeri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ymer fermented milk product" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ymeri", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The named Danish sour-milk product is retained without further composition or production claims." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ymer fermented milk product", "da": "ymer", "en_short": "ymer fermented milk product", "da_short": "ymer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ymer", "singular_definite": "ymeren" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ymeri", "natural": "ymer fermented milk product" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ymeri#e18715", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ymeri#e17676", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82549" ], "id": "ymeri", "category": "nouns" } ], "zebra": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "zebra" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "zebra", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "zebra", "da": "zebra", "en_short": "zebra", "da_short": "zebra", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "zebra", "singular_definite": "zebraen", "plural": "zebraer", "plural_definite": "zebraerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "zebra", "natural": "zebra" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:zebra#e18718", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:zebra#e17680", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92827" ], "id": "zebra", "category": "nouns" } ], "zinki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "zinc" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "zinki", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "zinc", "da": "zink", "en_short": "zinc", "da_short": "zink", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "zinki", "natural": "zinc" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:zinki#e18719", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:zinki#e17682" ], "id": "zinki", "category": "nouns" } ], "æteri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ether" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "æteri", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ether", "da": "æter", "en_short": "ether", "da_short": "æter", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "æter", "singular_definite": "æteren", "plural": "ætere", "plural_definite": "æterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "æteri", "natural": "ether" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:æteri#e18725", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:æteri#e17690", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94246" ], "id": "æteri", "category": "nouns" } ], "aaffaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "caribou hunting area" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaffaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "caribou hunting area", "da": "renjagtområde", "en_short": "caribou hunting area", "da_short": "renjagtområde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aaffaq", "natural": "caribou hunting area" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aaffaq#e5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaffaq#e8" ], "id": "aaffaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aagooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "eider duck" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aagooq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Both rows attest this eider headword. The separately attested aavooq is retained without an invented spelling relation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "eider duck", "da": "edderfugl", "en_short": "eider duck", "da_short": "edderfugl", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "edderfugl", "singular_definite": "edderfuglen", "plural": "edderfugle", "plural_definite": "edderfuglene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aagooq", "natural": "eider duck" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aagooq#e11", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aagooq#e14", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73579" ], "id": "aagooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aaqqat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "glove or mitten" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaqqat", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The dictionary-listed citation spelling and glove/mitten sense are retained without asserting a singular/plural paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "glove or mitten", "da": "handske eller vante", "en_short": "glove or mitten", "da_short": "handske eller vante", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aaqqat", "natural": "glove or mitten" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aaqqat#e255", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaqqat#e256" ], "id": "aaqqat", "category": "nouns" } ], "aariak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "area between the shoulder blades" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aariak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "area between the shoulder blades", "da": "partiet mellem skulderbladene", "en_short": "area between the shoulder blades", "da_short": "partiet mellem skulderbladene", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aariak", "natural": "area between the shoulder blades" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aariak#e275", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aariak#e277" ], "id": "aariak", "category": "nouns" } ], "aarluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "killer whale" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aarluk", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "killer whale", "da": "spækhugger", "en_short": "killer whale", "da_short": "spækhugger", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "spækhugger", "singular_definite": "spækhuggeren", "plural": "spækhuggere", "plural_definite": "spækhuggerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aarluk", "natural": "killer whale" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aarluk#e291", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarluk#e293", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76050" ], "id": "aarluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "aasiak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spider" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "underlying_form": "aasiak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 explicitly attest this noun class and its paradigm. This profile records the cited class; no historical root, productive derivation or unrestricted possessed paradigm is inferred. Both grammars explicitly contrast aasiak with geminating nouns: aasiaap/aasiaat. Its placement within the weak-stem discussion does not make it a weak stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spider", "da": "edderkop", "en_short": "spider", "da_short": "edderkop", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "edderkop", "singular_definite": "edderkoppen", "plural": "edderkopper", "plural_definite": "edderkopperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aasiak", "natural": "spider" } ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aasiak#e322", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasiak#e322", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95988" ], "id": "aasiak", "category": "nouns" } ], "aataaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "harp seal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aataaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Harp seal is distinct from existing aataq grandfather; vowel length is preserved and no shortening map is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "harp seal", "da": "grønlandssæl", "en_short": "harp seal", "da_short": "grønlandssæl", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "grønlandssæl", "singular_definite": "grønlandssælen", "plural": "grønlandssæler", "plural_definite": "grønlandssælerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aataaq", "natural": "harp seal" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aataaq#e336", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aataaq#e336", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91574" ], "id": "aataaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aatsoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vest" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aatsoq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vest", "da": "vest", "en_short": "vest", "da_short": "vest", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vest", "singular_definite": "vesten", "plural": "veste", "plural_definite": "vestene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aatsoq", "natural": "vest" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aatsoq#e358", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aatsoq#e357", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52326" ], "id": "aatsoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aaviak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "coagulated blood" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaviak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "coagulated blood", "da": "størknet blod", "en_short": "coagulated blood", "da_short": "størknet blod", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aaviak", "natural": "coagulated blood" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aaviak#e376", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaviak#e374" ], "id": "aaviak", "category": "nouns" } ], "aavooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "eider duck" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aavooq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Both rows attest this eider headword. No equivalence or automatic alternation with aagooq is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "eider duck", "da": "edderfugl", "en_short": "eider duck", "da_short": "edderfugl", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "edderfugl", "singular_definite": "edderfuglen", "plural": "edderfugle", "plural_definite": "edderfuglene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aavooq", "natural": "eider duck" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aavooq#e378", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aavooq#e376", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73579" ], "id": "aavooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajagaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Greenlandic catching game" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajagaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: ajagaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Greenlandic catching game", "da": "grønlandsk gribespil", "en_short": "Greenlandic catching game", "da_short": "grønlandsk gribespil", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ajagaq", "natural": "Greenlandic catching game" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajagaq#e447", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajagaq#e445", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "ajagaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajorti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajorti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sin", "da": "synd", "en_short": "sin", "da_short": "synd", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "synd", "singular_definite": "synden", "plural": "synder", "plural_definite": "synderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ajorti", "natural": "sin" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajorti#e515", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajorti#e512", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81580" ], "id": "ajorti", "category": "nouns" } ], "akileq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "neighbor directly opposite" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akileq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "neighbor directly opposite", "da": "genbo", "en_short": "neighbor directly opposite", "da_short": "genbo", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "genbo", "singular_definite": "genboen", "plural": "genboer", "plural_definite": "genboerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akileq", "natural": "neighbor directly opposite" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akileq#e645", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akileq#e642", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67320" ], "id": "akileq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akiseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pillow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akiseq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: akiseq has a literal single consonant in -seq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and s becomes ts before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pillow", "da": "hovedpude", "en_short": "pillow", "da_short": "hovedpude", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hovedpude", "singular_definite": "hovedpuden", "plural": "hovedpuder", "plural_definite": "hovedpuderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akiseq", "natural": "pillow" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akiseq#e722", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akiseq#e714", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79988" ], "id": "akiseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akorti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "piecework pay agreement" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akorti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The English row restricts the agreement to compensation per produced item, not an unrestricted musical chord or accord." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "piecework pay agreement", "da": "akkordaftale", "en_short": "piecework pay agreement", "da_short": "akkordaftale", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "akkord", "singular_definite": "akkorden", "plural": "akkorder", "plural_definite": "akkorderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akorti", "natural": "piecework pay agreement" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akorti#e794", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akorti#e785", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.54658" ], "id": "akorti", "category": "nouns" } ], "akusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mixture" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akusaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mixture", "da": "blanding", "en_short": "mixture", "da_short": "blanding", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "blanding", "singular_definite": "blandingen", "plural": "blandinger", "plural_definite": "blandingerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akusaq", "natural": "mixture" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akusaq#e864", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akusaq#e850", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72236" ], "id": "akusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akutaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fair-haired person" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akutaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: akutaq has a literal single consonant in -utaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and t becomes tt before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fair-haired person", "da": "lyshåret person", "en_short": "fair-haired person", "da_short": "lyshåret person", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "t", "to": "tt" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akutaq", "natural": "fair-haired person" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akutaq#e868", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akutaq#e854", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "akutaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "alliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "underlay for lying on" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alliaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "underlay for lying on", "da": "underlag til at ligge på", "en_short": "underlay for lying on", "da_short": "underlag til at ligge på", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "underlag", "singular_definite": "underlaget", "plural": "underlag", "plural_definite": "underlagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "alliaq", "natural": "underlay for lying on" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alliaq#e1086", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alliaq#e1068", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62347" ], "id": "alliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "altani": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "balcony" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "altani", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "balcony", "da": "altan", "en_short": "balcony", "da_short": "altan", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "altan", "singular_definite": "altanen", "plural": "altaner", "plural_definite": "altanerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "altani", "natural": "balcony" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:altani#e1124", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:altani#e1107", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81111" ], "id": "altani", "category": "nouns" } ], "altari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "altar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "altari", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "altar", "da": "alter", "en_short": "altar", "da_short": "alter", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "alter", "singular_definite": [ "altret", "alteret" ], "plural": "altre", "plural_definite": "altrene" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "altari", "natural": "altar" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:altari#e1125", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:altari#e1108", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86180" ], "id": "altari", "category": "nouns" } ], "amigaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "painting" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amigaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: amigaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "painting", "da": "maleri", "en_short": "painting", "da_short": "maleri", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "maleri", "singular_definite": "maleriet", "plural": "malerier", "plural_definite": "malerierne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "amigaq", "natural": "painting" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amigaq#e1192", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amigaq#e1174", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79360" ], "id": "amigaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "amikoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cephalopod" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amikoq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cephalopod", "da": "blæksprutte", "en_short": "cephalopod", "da_short": "blæksprutte", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "blæksprutte", "singular_definite": "blæksprutten", "plural": "blæksprutter", "plural_definite": "blæksprutterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "amikoq", "natural": "cephalopod" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amikoq#e1206", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amikoq#e1188", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.58206" ], "id": "amikoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ammaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "flint" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ammaaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "flint", "da": "flint", "en_short": "flint", "da_short": "flint", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "flint", "singular_definite": "flinten" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ammaaq", "natural": "flint" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ammaaq#e1216", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ammaaq#e1197", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.88960" ], "id": "ammaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "angaju": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "older sibling of the same sex" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angaju", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Both sources restrict the older-sibling sense to a sibling of the same sex as the referent." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "older sibling of the same sex", "da": "ældre søskende af samme køn", "en_short": "older sibling of the same sex", "da_short": "ældre søskende af samme køn", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angaju", "natural": "older sibling of the same sex" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angaju#e1337", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angaju#e1311" ], "id": "angaju", "category": "nouns" } ], "anngaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pumice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anngaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pumice", "da": "pimpsten", "en_short": "pumice", "da_short": "pimpsten", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pimpsten", "singular_definite": "pimpstenen", "plural": "pimpsten", "plural_definite": "pimpstenene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anngaq", "natural": "pumice" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anngaq#e1560", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anngaq#e1531", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67254" ], "id": "anngaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "anngik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "patch for a kamik sole" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anngik", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "patch for a kamik sole", "da": "lap til en kamiksål", "en_short": "patch for a kamik sole", "da_short": "lap til en kamiksål", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anngik", "natural": "patch for a kamik sole" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anngik#e1566", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anngik#e1537" ], "id": "anngik", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqajak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "animal belly" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqajak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "animal belly", "da": "bug", "en_short": "animal belly", "da_short": "bug", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aqajak", "natural": "animal belly" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqajak#e1713", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqajak#e1684", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.54813", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79069" ], "id": "aqajak", "category": "nouns" } ], "areali": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "area" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "areali", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "area", "da": "areal", "en_short": "area", "da_short": "areal", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "areal", "singular_definite": "arealet", "plural": "arealer", "plural_definite": "arealerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "areali", "natural": "area" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:areali#e1816", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:areali#e1787", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98204" ], "id": "areali", "category": "nouns" } ], "arkivi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "archive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arkivi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "archive", "da": "arkiv", "en_short": "archive", "da_short": "arkiv", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "arkiv", "singular_definite": "arkivet", "plural": "arkiver", "plural_definite": "arkiverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arkivi", "natural": "archive" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arkivi#e1865", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arkivi#e1836", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95689" ], "id": "arkivi", "category": "nouns" } ], "arlaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "afterbirth" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arlaaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "afterbirth", "da": "efterbyrd", "en_short": "afterbirth", "da_short": "efterbyrd", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "efterbyrd", "singular_definite": "efterbyrden", "plural": "efterbyrder", "plural_definite": "efterbyrderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arlaaq", "natural": "afterbirth" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arlaaq#e1867", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arlaaq#e1838", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.66081" ], "id": "arlaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "asorut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dandelion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asorut", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dandelion", "da": "mælkebøtte", "en_short": "dandelion", "da_short": "mælkebøtte", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mælkebøtte", "singular_definite": "mælkebøtten", "plural": "mælkebøtter", "plural_definite": "mælkebøtterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "asorut", "natural": "dandelion" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asorut#e2043", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asorut#e2005", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97994" ], "id": "asorut", "category": "nouns" } ], "atequt": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "skirt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atequt", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "skirt", "da": "nederdel", "en_short": "skirt", "da_short": "nederdel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "nederdel", "singular_definite": "nederdelen", "plural": "nederdele", "plural_definite": "nederdelene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atequt", "natural": "skirt" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atequt#e2278", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atequt#e2236", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42106" ], "id": "atequt", "category": "nouns" } ], "atigeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "woman's caribou-skin coat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atigeq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Both rows specify a woman’s caribou-skin coat with the hair on the outside." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "woman's caribou-skin coat", "da": "kvindepels af rensdyrskind", "en_short": "woman's caribou-skin coat", "da_short": "kvindepels af rensdyrskind", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atigeq", "natural": "woman's caribou-skin coat" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atigeq#e2285", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atigeq#e2243" ], "id": "atigeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "atisaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "article of clothing" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atisaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "article of clothing", "da": "klædningsstykke", "en_short": "article of clothing", "da_short": "klædningsstykke", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "klædningsstykke", "singular_definite": "klædningsstykket", "plural": "klædningsstykker", "plural_definite": "klædningsstykkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atisaq", "natural": "article of clothing" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atisaq#e2293", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atisaq#e2251", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.138153" ], "id": "atisaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "attaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "consideration given for a loan" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "attaat", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "consideration given for a loan", "da": "vederlag for et lån", "en_short": "consideration given for a loan", "da_short": "vederlag for et lån", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "modydelse", "singular_definite": "modydelsen", "plural": "modydelser", "plural_definite": "modydelserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "attaat", "natural": "consideration given for a loan" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:attaat#e2393", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:attaat#e2343", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78643" ], "id": "attaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "aviisi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "newspaper" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aviisi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "newspaper", "da": "avis", "en_short": "newspaper", "da_short": "avis", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "avis", "singular_definite": "avisen", "plural": "aviser", "plural_definite": "aviserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aviisi", "natural": "newspaper" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aviisi#e2592", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aviisi#e2533", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41896" ], "id": "aviisi", "category": "nouns" } ], "baalia": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tub" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "baalia", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tub", "da": "balje", "en_short": "tub", "da_short": "balje", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "balje", "singular_definite": "baljen", "plural": "baljer", "plural_definite": "baljerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "baalia", "natural": "tub" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:baalia#e2681", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:baalia#e2565", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87022" ], "id": "baalia", "category": "nouns" } ], "bilagi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "document appendix" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "bilagi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "document appendix", "da": "bilag", "en_short": "document appendix", "da_short": "bilag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bilag", "singular_definite": "bilaget", "plural": "bilag", "plural_definite": "bilagene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "bilagi", "natural": "document appendix" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:bilagi#e2724", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:bilagi#e2612", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86727" ], "id": "bilagi", "category": "nouns" } ], "brinti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hydrogen" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "brinti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hydrogen", "da": "brint", "en_short": "hydrogen", "da_short": "brint", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "brint", "singular_definite": "brinten" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "brinti", "natural": "hydrogen" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:brinti#e2752", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:brinti#e2644", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.85422" ], "id": "brinti", "category": "nouns" } ], "bronze": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bronze" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "bronze", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bronze", "da": "bronze", "en_short": "bronze", "da_short": "bronze", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bronze", "singular_definite": "bronzen", "plural": "bronzer", "plural_definite": "bronzerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "bronze", "natural": "bronze" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:bronze#e2754", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:bronze#e2646", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81998" ], "id": "bronze", "category": "nouns" } ], "checki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bank check" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "checki", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bank check", "da": "bankcheck", "en_short": "bank check", "da_short": "bankcheck", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "check", "singular_definite": "checken", "plural": [ "checks", "check" ], "plural_definite": "checkene" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "checki", "natural": "bank check" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:checki#e2787", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:checki#e2679", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68034" ], "id": "checki", "category": "nouns" } ], "dusøri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "reward for returning lost property" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "dusøri", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "reward for returning lost property", "da": "dusør for tilbagelevering af hittegods", "en_short": "reward for returning lost property", "da_short": "dusør for tilbagelevering af hittegods", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "dusør", "singular_definite": "dusøren", "plural": "dusører", "plural_definite": "dusørerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "dusøri", "natural": "reward for returning lost property" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:dusøri#e2852", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:dusøri#e2746", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68434" ], "id": "dusøri", "category": "nouns" } ], "dynamo": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dynamo" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "dynamo", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dynamo", "da": "dynamo", "en_short": "dynamo", "da_short": "dynamo", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "dynamo", "singular_definite": "dynamoen", "plural": "dynamoer", "plural_definite": "dynamoerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "dynamo", "natural": "dynamo" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:dynamo#e2853", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:dynamo#e2747", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82005" ], "id": "dynamo", "category": "nouns" } ], "eertaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pea or bean" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eertaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pea or bean", "da": "ært eller bønne", "en_short": "pea or bean", "da_short": "ært eller bønne", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eertaq", "natural": "pea or bean" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:eertaq#e2856", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eertaq#e2750" ], "id": "eertaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqarti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "outer layer of skin or leather" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqarti", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "outer layer of skin or leather", "da": "narv", "en_short": "outer layer of skin or leather", "da_short": "narv", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "narv", "singular_definite": "narven" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eqarti", "natural": "outer layer of skin or leather" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:eqarti#e2895", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqarti#e2783", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64801" ], "id": "eqarti", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqitaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stick used in a strength contest" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqitaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stick used in a strength contest", "da": "pind til en styrkeprøve", "en_short": "stick used in a strength contest", "da_short": "pind til en styrkeprøve", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eqitaq", "natural": "stick used in a strength contest" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:eqitaq#e2933", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqitaq#e2825" ], "id": "eqitaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "erinaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "melody" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erinaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "melody", "da": "melodi", "en_short": "melody", "da_short": "melodi", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "melodi", "singular_definite": "melodien", "plural": "melodier", "plural_definite": "melodierne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "erinaq", "natural": "melody" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:erinaq#e3101", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erinaq#e3007", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84865" ], "id": "erinaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ermiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "face washcloth" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ermiut", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "face washcloth", "da": "vaskeklud til ansigtet", "en_short": "face washcloth", "da_short": "vaskeklud til ansigtet", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vaskeklud", "singular_definite": "vaskekluden", "plural": "vaskeklude", "plural_definite": "vaskekludene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ermiut", "natural": "face washcloth" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ermiut#e3150", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ermiut#e3056", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87868" ], "id": "ermiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ernaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "heartwood" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ernaaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "heartwood", "da": "kerneved", "en_short": "heartwood", "da_short": "kerneved", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kerneved", "singular_definite": "kerneveddet" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ernaaq", "natural": "heartwood" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ernaaq#e3156", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ernaaq#e3061", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63236" ], "id": "ernaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "erruut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dishcloth" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erruut", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dishcloth", "da": "karklud", "en_short": "dishcloth", "da_short": "karklud", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "karklud", "singular_definite": "karkluden", "plural": "karklude", "plural_definite": "karkludene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "erruut", "natural": "dishcloth" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:erruut#e3217", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erruut#e3117", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98033" ], "id": "erruut", "category": "nouns" } ], "feberi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fever" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "feberi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fever", "da": "feber", "en_short": "fever", "da_short": "feber", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "feber", "singular_definite": "feberen", "plural": "febre", "plural_definite": "febrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "feberi", "natural": "fever" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:feberi#e3287", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:feberi#e3177", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76650" ], "id": "feberi", "category": "nouns" } ], "feeria": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vacation" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "feeria", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vacation", "da": "ferie", "en_short": "vacation", "da_short": "ferie", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ferie", "singular_definite": "ferien", "plural": "ferier", "plural_definite": "ferierne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "feeria", "natural": "vacation" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:feeria#e3289", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:feeria#e3179", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40101" ], "id": "feeria", "category": "nouns" } ], "garage": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "garage" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "garage", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "garage", "da": "garage", "en_short": "garage", "da_short": "garage", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "garage", "singular_definite": "garagen", "plural": "garager", "plural_definite": "garagerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "garage", "natural": "garage" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:garage#e3344", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:garage#e3236", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60529" ], "id": "garage", "category": "nouns" } ], "grammi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "gram" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "grammi", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gram", "da": "gram", "en_short": "gram", "da_short": "gram", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gram", "singular_definite": "grammet", "plural": "gram", "plural_definite": "grammene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "grammi", "natural": "gram" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:grammi#e3372", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:grammi#e3265", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41981" ], "id": "grammi", "category": "nouns" } ], "hoteli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hotel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "hoteli", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hotel", "da": "hotel", "en_short": "hotel", "da_short": "hotel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hotel", "singular_definite": "hotellet", "plural": "hoteller", "plural_definite": "hotellerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "hoteli", "natural": "hotel" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:hoteli#e3468", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:hoteli#e3319", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44092" ], "id": "hoteli", "category": "nouns" } ], "igaleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cooking room in a sod house" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "igaleq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cooking room in a sod house", "da": "kogerum i en tørvehytte", "en_short": "cooking room in a sod house", "da_short": "kogerum i en tørvehytte", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "igaleq", "natural": "cooking room in a sod house" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:igaleq#e3521", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:igaleq#e3376" ], "id": "igaleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "igasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cook" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "igasoq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cook", "da": "kok", "en_short": "cook", "da_short": "kok", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kok", "singular_definite": "kokken", "plural": "kokke", "plural_definite": "kokkene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "igasoq", "natural": "cook" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:igasoq#e3525", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:igasoq#e3379", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61611", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.99978" ], "id": "igasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "igimaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "harpoon fore-shaft" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "igimaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The Danish fore-shaft sense is selected; malformed English wording does not supply further attachment anatomy." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "harpoon fore-shaft", "da": "harpunens forskaft", "en_short": "harpoon fore-shaft", "da_short": "harpunens forskaft", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "igimaq", "natural": "harpoon fore-shaft" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:igimaq#e3542", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:igimaq#e3399" ], "id": "igimaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "igunaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rancid fat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "igunaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rancid fat", "da": "råddent spæk", "en_short": "rancid fat", "da_short": "råddent spæk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "igunaq", "natural": "rancid fat" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:igunaq#e3557", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:igunaq#e3412", "STO:2008-v2/rådden#670dddd5958e6f1d23fb2bd7d5d3c97288bb52baf442dc54f57aa1853da57375", "STO:2008-v2/spæk#fd20ff2f92fb27448b74b619ae3e10604a08d409291660e94563f5a276167254" ], "id": "igunaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "burnt area of land" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikineq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "burnt area of land", "da": "afbrændt landområde", "en_short": "burnt area of land", "da_short": "afbrændt landområde", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikineq", "natural": "burnt area of land" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ikineq#e3666", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikineq#e3527" ], "id": "ikineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikiuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "help or support" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikiuut", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "help or support", "da": "hjælp eller understøttelse", "en_short": "help or support", "da_short": "hjælp eller understøttelse", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikiuut", "natural": "help or support" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ikiuut#e3704", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikiuut#e3567" ], "id": "ikiuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "iliveq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "grave" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iliveq", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "Current inspected oq-api 0.4.25 reproduces the reviewed genitive, plural and instrumental iliveq forms unflagged; alternative rf/rr forms and possessive variants remain explicit source evidence, not a guarantee that every variant is executed.", "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.2.6 and Bjornum2012 K4§2f explicitly list this owner among strong q-stems with metathesis. The profile records that cited class, not a rule inferred from final spelling. In nonpossessive forms metathesis is confined to grammatical cases; obliques use the strong nonmetathesized stem. Possessive behavior is person-conditioned and source variants remain separately reviewable; this lexical family is not generally productive.", "The default consumer ilerrup differs from Bjornum's displayed ilerfup, but Ordbogen2003:grav#e10794 explicitly lists both as genitives for iliveq. Treat that one table comparison as source-attested variant coverage, not an unflagged grammatical error. The existing ilerrup gold already preserves it; do not force the engine to the table's first variant or claim every rf/rr cell executes." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grave", "da": "grav", "en_short": "grave", "da_short": "grav", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "grav", "singular_definite": "graven", "plural": "grave", "plural_definite": "gravene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iliveq", "natural": "grave" } ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "strength": "strong", "declension_class": "up" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iliveq#e4045", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iliveq#e3930", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Ordbogen2003:grav#e10794", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65560" ], "id": "iliveq", "category": "nouns" } ], "illaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "seal or whale embryo" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illaaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The Danish row restricts the embryo sense to a seal or whale; that scope is retained." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "seal or whale embryo", "da": "foster hos en sæl eller hval", "en_short": "seal or whale embryo", "da_short": "foster hos en sæl eller hval", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illaaq", "natural": "seal or whale embryo" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:illaaq#e4060", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illaaq#e3944" ], "id": "illaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "illuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sling for throwing stones" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illuut", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The Danish row explicitly identifies a stone-throwing sling; the English typo sing does not establish a different object." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sling for throwing stones", "da": "slynge til at kaste sten med", "en_short": "sling for throwing stones", "da_short": "slynge til at kaste sten med", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "slynge", "singular_definite": "slyngen", "plural": "slynger", "plural_definite": "slyngerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illuut", "natural": "sling for throwing stones" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:illuut#e4169", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illuut#e4050", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.58672" ], "id": "illuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilumiu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "embryo" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilumiu", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "embryo", "da": "foster", "en_short": "embryo", "da_short": "foster", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "foster", "singular_definite": [ "fostret", "fosteret" ], "plural": "fostre", "plural_definite": "fostrene" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilumiu", "natural": "embryo" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilumiu#e4268", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilumiu#e4147", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95965" ], "id": "ilumiu", "category": "nouns" } ], "iluseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shape" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iluseq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: iluseq has a literal single consonant in -seq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and s becomes ts before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shape", "da": "form", "en_short": "shape", "da_short": "form", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iluseq", "natural": "shape" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iluseq#e4301", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iluseq#e4181", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.45417", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.50819" ], "id": "iluseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilutak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "step or pace" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilutak", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "step or pace", "da": "skridt", "en_short": "step or pace", "da_short": "skridt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skridt", "singular_definite": "skridtet", "plural": "skridt", "plural_definite": "skridtene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilutak", "natural": "step or pace" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilutak#e4309", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilutak#e4189", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.47501" ], "id": "ilutak", "category": "nouns" } ], "immiit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ramrod" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "immiit", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ramrod", "da": "ladestok", "en_short": "ramrod", "da_short": "ladestok", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immiit", "natural": "ramrod" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:immiit#e4446", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immiit#e4321" ], "id": "immiit", "category": "nouns" } ], "imusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "roll of something" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "imusaq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation.", "The noun rows describe a roll or rolled-up object. No productive participial derivation is encoded." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "roll of something", "da": "noget sammenrullet", "en_short": "roll of something", "da_short": "noget sammenrullet", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rulle", "singular_definite": "rullen", "plural": "ruller", "plural_definite": "rullerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "imusaq", "natural": "roll of something" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:imusaq#e4519", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imusaq#e4402", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.53698" ], "id": "imusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ineqat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "roommate" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ineqat", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "roommate", "da": "medlogerende", "en_short": "roommate", "da_short": "medlogerende", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "medlogerende", "plural": "medlogerende" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ineqat", "natural": "roommate" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ineqat#e4570", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ineqat#e4455", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.100107" ], "id": "ineqat", "category": "nouns" } ], "inoqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "household member" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inoqut", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "household member", "da": "medlem af husstanden", "en_short": "household member", "da_short": "medlem af husstanden", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inoqut", "natural": "household member" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:inoqut#e4770", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inoqut#e4649" ], "id": "inoqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ipineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "meat next to the bone" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ipineq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "meat next to the bone", "da": "kød inderst ved benet", "en_short": "meat next to the bone", "da_short": "kød inderst ved benet", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ipineq", "natural": "meat next to the bone" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ipineq#e4955", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ipineq#e4833" ], "id": "ipineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "isaroq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wing bone" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isaroq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wing bone", "da": "vingeben", "en_short": "wing bone", "da_short": "vingeben", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vingeben", "singular_definite": "vingebenet", "plural": "vingeben", "plural_definite": "vingebenene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isaroq", "natural": "wing bone" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:isaroq#e5033", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isaroq#e4910", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81066" ], "id": "isaroq", "category": "nouns" } ], "isikku": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "appearance" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isikku", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "appearance", "da": "udseende", "en_short": "appearance", "da_short": "udseende", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "udseende", "singular_definite": "udseendet", "plural": "udseender", "plural_definite": "udseenderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isikku", "natural": "appearance" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:isikku#e5138", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isikku#e5011", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76966" ], "id": "isikku", "category": "nouns" } ], "issiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "something caught in the eye" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "issiut", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something caught in the eye", "da": "noget i øjet", "en_short": "something caught in the eye", "da_short": "noget i øjet", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "issiut", "natural": "something caught in the eye" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:issiut#e5234", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:issiut#e5099" ], "id": "issiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "iteroq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "urine saved for treating skins" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iteroq", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "urine saved for treating skins", "da": "urin til behandling af skind", "en_short": "urine saved for treating skins", "da_short": "urin til behandling af skind", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iteroq", "natural": "urine saved for treating skins" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iteroq#e5406", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iteroq#e5260" ], "id": "iteroq", "category": "nouns" } ], "iverut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "earring" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iverut", "notes": [ "The row-pinned dictionaries attest the listed noun spelling and selected lexical sense. This practical citation stem does not assert historical atomicity, a declension class, schwa behavior, or an unverified inflectional alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "earring", "da": "ørering", "en_short": "earring", "da_short": "ørering", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ørering", "singular_definite": "øreringen", "plural": "øreringe", "plural_definite": "øreringene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iverut", "natural": "earring" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iverut#e5501", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iverut#e5349", "STO:2008-v2/ørering#950cb9706338261a88bb8049608f6b98e5587bf9770bafb8b4872df667db8cd3" ], "id": "iverut", "category": "nouns" } ], "agurki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cucumber" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "agurki", "notes": [ "The cited rows establish the selected noun spelling and lexical sense; no historical atomicity, declension class or unverified alternation is asserted.", "Independent Ordbogi1977 and WordList2018 support cucumber; the conflicting English pickle row is excluded." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cucumber", "da": "agurk", "en_short": "cucumber", "da_short": "agurk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "agurk", "singular_definite": "agurken", "plural": "agurker", "plural_definite": "agurkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "agurki", "natural": "cucumber" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:agurki#e436", "Ordbogi1977:agurki#e210", "WordList2018:cucumber#e848", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70570" ], "id": "agurki", "category": "nouns" } ], "amiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "paint" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amiut", "notes": [ "The cited rows establish the selected noun spelling and lexical sense; no historical atomicity, declension class or unverified alternation is asserted.", "Rasmussen1893 explicitly gives painting material (maling til noget), supporting paint rather than the English painting wording; no brush or finished artwork sense is imported." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "paint", "da": "maling", "en_short": "paint", "da_short": "maling", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "maling", "singular_definite": "malingen", "plural": "malinger", "plural_definite": "malingerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "amiut", "natural": "paint" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amiut#e1214", "Rasmussen1893:amiut#e130", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86695" ], "id": "amiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "emalje": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "enamel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "emalje", "notes": [ "The cited rows establish the selected noun spelling and lexical sense; no historical atomicity, declension class or unverified alternation is asserted.", "Two forward Danish noun rows support the enamel sense. The English enamelware wording is excluded; no unrestricted coated-object sense is imported." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "enamel", "da": "emalje", "en_short": "enamel", "da_short": "emalje", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "emalje", "singular_definite": "emaljen", "plural": "emaljer", "plural_definite": "emaljerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "emalje", "natural": "enamel" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:emalje#e2865", "Ordbogi1977:emalje#e1399", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81563" ], "id": "emalje", "category": "nouns" } ], "inaluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "intestinal skin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inaluk", "notes": [ "The cited rows establish the selected noun spelling and lexical sense; no historical atomicity, declension class or unverified alternation is asserted.", "The forward Oqaatsit noun and explicit reverse Ordbogen2003 tarmskind equivalent support the skin material; the modern English intestine/gut wording is excluded." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "intestinal skin", "da": "tarmskind", "en_short": "intestinal skin", "da_short": "tarmskind", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inaluk", "natural": "intestinal skin" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:inaluk#e4533", "Ordbogen2003:tarmskind#e30848" ], "id": "inaluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "ippak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "trouser flap" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ippak", "notes": [ "The cited rows establish the selected noun spelling and lexical sense; no historical atomicity, declension class or unverified alternation is asserted.", "Historical Danish and English sources attest a trouser flap, not the conflicting modern English pants-pocket sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "trouser flap", "da": "bukseklap", "en_short": "trouser flap", "da_short": "bukseklap", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ippak", "natural": "trouser flap" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ippak#e4970", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ippak#e5377", "Kleinschmidt1871:ippak#e2636" ], "id": "ippak", "category": "nouns" } ], "isoqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "knob at the end of something" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isoqut", "notes": [ "The cited rows establish the selected noun spelling and lexical sense; no historical atomicity, declension class or unverified alternation is asserted.", "Historical sources specify a button/knob on the end of something. The modern English broad bump/lump wording is not used to generalize the selected object sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "knob at the end of something", "da": "dup på enden af noget", "en_short": "knob at the end of something", "da_short": "dup på enden af noget", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "dup", "singular_definite": "duppen", "plural": "dupper", "plural_definite": "dupperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isoqut", "natural": "knob at the end of something" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:isoqut#e5161", "SchultzLorentzen1927:isoqut#e5678", "Kleinschmidt1871:isoqut#e2787", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70162" ], "id": "isoqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "puiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bird crop" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "puiaq", "notes": [ "The cited rows establish the selected noun spelling and lexical sense; no historical atomicity, declension class or unverified alternation is asserted.", "The selected organ is a bird crop, not a gizzard. Oqaatsit and Ordbogi specify fowl; no inference equates the two anatomical organs." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bird crop", "da": "fuglekro", "en_short": "bird crop", "da_short": "fuglekro", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kro", "singular_definite": "kroen", "plural": "kroer", "plural_definite": "kroerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "puiaq", "natural": "bird crop" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:puiaq#e11765", "Kleinschmidt1871:puiaq#e7213", "Ordbogi1977:puiaq#e6698", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87947" ], "id": "puiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "puja": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "congealed layer of blubber oil" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "puja", "notes": [ "The cited rows establish the selected noun spelling and lexical sense; no historical atomicity, declension class or unverified alternation is asserted.", "Two Danish noun rows support a congealed blubber-oil layer. The English surfacing predicate is excluded." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "congealed layer of blubber oil", "da": "størknet tranlag", "en_short": "congealed layer of blubber oil", "da_short": "størknet tranlag", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "puja", "natural": "congealed layer of blubber oil" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:puja#e11811", "Ordbogi1977:puja#e6733" ], "id": "puja", "category": "nouns" } ], "qinoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "snow slush on the sea" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qinoq", "notes": [ "The cited rows establish the selected noun spelling and lexical sense; no historical atomicity, declension class or unverified alternation is asserted.", "The sea location is independently stated in Kleinschmidt1871 and Ordbogi1977; the selected sense is snow slush on the sea, not an unrestricted inference about every kind of ice slush." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "snow slush on the sea", "da": "grødsne på havet", "en_short": "snow slush on the sea", "da_short": "grødsne på havet", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "grødis", "singular_definite": "grødisen" } } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qinoq", "natural": "snow slush on the sea" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qinoq#e13241", "Ordbogi1977:qinoq#e7620", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qinoq#e7412", "Kleinschmidt1871:qinoq#e3674", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qinoq#e12467", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69622" ], "id": "qinoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "saki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "parent-in-law" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saki", "notes": [ "The cited rows establish the selected noun spelling and lexical sense; no historical atomicity, declension class or unverified alternation is asserted.", "Independent historical sources attest father-/mother-in-law. The English stepfather row is excluded; no stepfamily sense or kinship derivation is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "parent-in-law", "da": "svigerforælder", "en_short": "parent-in-law", "da_short": "svigerforælder", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "saki", "natural": "parent-in-law" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:saki#e14083", "SchultzLorentzen1927:saki#e14956", "Kleinschmidt1871:saki#e7492" ], "id": "saki", "category": "nouns" } ], "skema": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "school timetable" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "skema", "notes": [ "The cited rows establish the selected noun spelling and lexical sense; no historical atomicity, declension class or unverified alternation is asserted.", "The forward Oqaatsit noun and reverse Ordbogen2003 skoleskema equivalent support a school timetable. The lesson-plan/course-outline wording is excluded; skiima comparison does not create an automatic variant map." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "school timetable", "da": "skoleskema", "en_short": "school timetable", "da_short": "skoleskema", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skoleskema", "singular_definite": "skoleskemaet", "plural": "skoleskemaer", "plural_definite": "skoleskemaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "skema", "natural": "school timetable" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:skema#e15357", "Ordbogen2003:skoleskema#e26863", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92052" ], "id": "skema", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaaria": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "curry" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaaria", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "curry", "da": "karry", "da_short": "karry", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "karry", "singular_definite": "karryen" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kaaria#e5647", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaaria#e5446", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79677" ], "id": "kaaria", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaarsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cress" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaarsi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cress", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kaarsi#e5648", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaarsi#e5447" ], "id": "kaarsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaataq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hammer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaataq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hammer", "da": "hammer", "da_short": "hammer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hammer", "singular_definite": "hammeren", "plural": [ "hamre", "hammere" ], "plural_definite": [ "hamrene", "hammerne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kaataq#e5665", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaataq#e5464", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65350" ], "id": "kaataq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaaveq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "top of something" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaaveq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Kaarfa is independently listed as its top, not a second free stem. Retain that exact possessed surface without inferring its ending, stem alternation or a general allomorph map." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "top of something", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kaaveq#e5678", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaaveq#e5475", "Oqaatsit1997:kaarfa#e5646", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaarfa#e5445", "Kleinschmidt1871:kaaveq#e4318", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kaaveq#e8686", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kaaveq#e8686" ], "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kaarfa", "natural": "its top" } ] }, "id": "kaaveq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kabeli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cable" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kabeli", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cable", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kabeli#e5692", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kabeli#e5489" ], "id": "kabeli", "category": "nouns" } ], "kakiak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fishing spear with several prongs" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kakiak", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Kleinschmidt describes preferred plural kakissat and the fishing implement without its long shaft. Modern dictionaries independently list the singular citation; no plural alternation is encoded." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fishing spear with several prongs", "da": "lyster", "da_short": "lyster", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lyster", "singular_definite": "lysteren", "plural": "lystre", "plural_definite": "lystrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kakiak#e5740", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kakiak#e5535", "Kleinschmidt1871:kakiak#e4149", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81848" ], "id": "kakiak", "category": "nouns" } ], "kakkik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mucus; snot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kakkik", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mucus; snot", "en_short": "mucus", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kakkik#e5763", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kakkik#e5557" ], "id": "kakkik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kallut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tow rope; towing line" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kallut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tow rope; towing line", "en_short": "tow rope", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kallut#e5853", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kallut#e5617" ], "id": "kallut", "category": "nouns" } ], "kammak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "friend; pal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kammak", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "friend; pal", "en_short": "friend", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kammak#e5890", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kammak#e5656" ], "id": "kammak", "category": "nouns" } ], "kanaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kanaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shin", "da": "skinneben", "da_short": "skinneben", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skinneben", "singular_definite": "skinnebenet", "plural": "skinneben", "plural_definite": "skinnebenene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kanaaq#e5898", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kanaaq#e5664", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73852" ], "id": "kanaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kangoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "snow goose" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kangoq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "The English source includes an older scientific name. Admit the attested snow-goose lexical sense without resolving taxonomy or updating the source name." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "snow goose", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kangoq#e5933", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kangoq#e5691" ], "id": "kangoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kasseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "top of the skull" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kasseq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "top of the skull", "da": "isse", "da_short": "isse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "isse", "singular_definite": "issen", "plural": "isser", "plural_definite": "isserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kasseq#e6020", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kasseq#e5775", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89771" ], "id": "kasseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kassoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bluish chunk of ice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kassoq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bluish chunk of ice", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kassoq#e6022", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kassoq#e5777" ], "id": "kassoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kerubi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cherub" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kerubi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cherub", "da": "kerub", "da_short": "kerub", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kerub", "singular_definite": "keruben", "plural": "keruber", "plural_definite": "keruberne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kerubi#e6132", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kerubi#e5879", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89151" ], "id": "kerubi", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiggaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "scratch; fissure; groove" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiggaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "scratch; fissure; groove", "en_short": "scratch", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kiggaq#e6193", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiggaq#e5936" ], "id": "kiggaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiggeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bite wound; insect sting" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiggeq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bite wound; insect sting", "en_short": "bite wound", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kiggeq#e6196", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiggeq#e5939" ], "id": "kiggeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kikkik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the ugly one" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kikkik", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the ugly one", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kikkik#e6274", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kikkik#e6016" ], "id": "kikkik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiliut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "scraper" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiliut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "scraper", "da": "skraber", "da_short": "skraber", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skraber", "singular_definite": "skraberen", "plural": "skrabere", "plural_definite": "skraberne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kiliut#e6303", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiliut#e6041", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57975" ], "id": "kiliut", "category": "nouns" } ], "killoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wrong way; the reverse" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "killoq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Kleinschmidt restricts the unmarked form to adverbial/interjection use and discusses allative/vialis and constructions with tungaa. Modern dictionaries label it nominal; this lexical admission does not license unrestricted ordinary case use or encode a full paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wrong way; the reverse", "en_short": "wrong way", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:killoq#e6336", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:killoq#e6074", "Kleinschmidt1871:killoq#e4410", "SchultzLorentzen1926:killoq#e8856", "SchultzLorentzen1927:killoq#e8856" ], "id": "killoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kimmik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "heel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kimmik", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "heel", "da": "hæl", "da_short": "hæl", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hæl", "singular_definite": "hælen", "plural": "hæle", "plural_definite": "hælene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kimmik#e6386", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kimmik#e6123", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86427" ], "id": "kimmik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kinguk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "amphipod" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kinguk", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "amphipod", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kinguk#e6468", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kinguk#e6197" ], "id": "kinguk", "category": "nouns" } ], "kinneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dregs; grounds" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kinneq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dregs; grounds", "en_short": "dregs", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kinneq#e6512", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kinneq#e6238" ], "id": "kinneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kioski": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kiosk" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kioski", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kiosk", "da": "kiosk", "da_short": "kiosk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kiosk", "singular_definite": "kiosken", "plural": "kiosker", "plural_definite": "kioskerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kioski#e6523", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kioski#e6248", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69200" ], "id": "kioski", "category": "nouns" } ], "kippaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "piece cut off" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kippaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "piece cut off", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kippaq#e6541", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kippaq#e6266" ], "id": "kippaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kissaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "warmth; heat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kissaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "warmth; heat", "en_short": "warmth", "da": "varme", "da_short": "varme", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "varme", "singular_definite": "varmen" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kissaq#e6597", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kissaq#e6321", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.51520" ], "id": "kissaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kladde": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rough draft" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kladde", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rough draft", "da": "kladde", "da_short": "kladde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kladde", "singular_definite": "kladden", "plural": "kladder", "plural_definite": "kladderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kladde#e6677", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kladde#e6397", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.88199" ], "id": "kladde", "category": "nouns" } ], "klasse": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "school class; classroom; grade level" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "klasse", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "school class; classroom; grade level", "en_short": "school class", "da": "klasse", "da_short": "klasse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "klasse", "singular_definite": "klassen", "plural": "klasser", "plural_definite": "klasserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:klasse#e6678", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:klasse#e6398", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44438" ], "id": "klasse", "category": "nouns" } ], "klejne": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Danish Christmas cookie" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "klejne", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Danish Christmas cookie", "da": "klejne", "da_short": "klejne", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "klejne", "singular_definite": "klejnen", "plural": "klejner", "plural_definite": "klejnerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:klejne#e6681", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:klejne#e6401", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60327" ], "id": "klejne", "category": "nouns" } ], "klubbi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "club; organization" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "klubbi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "club; organization", "en_short": "club", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:klubbi#e6688", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:klubbi#e6408" ], "id": "klubbi", "category": "nouns" } ], "knægti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "jack in playing cards" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "knægti", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "jack in playing cards", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:knægti#e6694", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:knægti#e6411" ], "id": "knægti", "category": "nouns" } ], "komité": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "committee" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "komité", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "committee", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:komité#e6700", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:komité#e6415" ], "id": "komité", "category": "nouns" } ], "koorpu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cowboy" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "koorpu", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cowboy", "da": "cowboy", "da_short": "cowboy", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "cowboy", "singular_definite": "cowboyen", "plural": [ "cowboyer", "cowboys" ], "plural_definite": "cowboyerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:koorpu#e6722", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:koorpu#e6442", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67308" ], "id": "koorpu", "category": "nouns" } ], "kridti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "chalk" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kridti", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "chalk", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kridti#e6738", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kridti#e6462" ], "id": "kridti", "category": "nouns" } ], "krydsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "X mark" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "krydsi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "X mark", "da": "kryds", "da_short": "kryds", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kryds", "singular_definite": "krydset", "plural": [ "kryds", "krydser" ], "plural_definite": [ "krydsene", "krydserne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:krydsi#e6746", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:krydsi#e6470", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42543" ], "id": "krydsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "kræfti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cancer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kræfti", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cancer", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kræfti#e6748", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kræfti#e6473" ], "id": "kræfti", "category": "nouns" } ], "kuarti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "one fourth; quarter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kuarti", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "one fourth; quarter", "en_short": "one fourth", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kuarti#e6754", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kuarti#e6477" ], "id": "kuarti", "category": "nouns" } ], "kuinaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Sorensen's catchfly" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kuinaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "The English source supplies the common plant name and a scientific-name spelling. Preserve lexical attestation without asserting a modern taxonomic identification or silently correcting that spelling." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Sorensen's catchfly", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kuinaq#e6763", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kuinaq#e6486" ], "id": "kuinaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kujaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "keel of a boat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kujaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "keel of a boat", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kujaaq#e6779", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kujaaq#e6501" ], "id": "kujaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kukkaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "food caught between the teeth" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kukkaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "food caught between the teeth", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kukkaq#e6803", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kukkaq#e6526" ], "id": "kukkaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kulloq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "thumb" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kulloq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thumb", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kulloq#e6830", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kulloq#e6553" ], "id": "kulloq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kummut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "back scratcher" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kummut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "back scratcher", "da": "kløpind", "da_short": "kløpind", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kløpind", "singular_definite": "kløpinden", "plural": "kløpinde", "plural_definite": "kløpindene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kummut#e6858", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kummut#e6580", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62034" ], "id": "kummut", "category": "nouns" } ], "kunngi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "king" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kunngi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "king", "da": "konge", "da_short": "konge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "konge", "singular_definite": "kongen", "plural": "konger", "plural_definite": "kongerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kunngi#e6867", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kunngi#e6589", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43992" ], "id": "kunngi", "category": "nouns" } ], "kussak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "northern wheatear" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kussak", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "northern wheatear", "da": "stenpikker", "da_short": "stenpikker", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "stenpikker", "singular_definite": "stenpikkeren", "plural": "stenpikkere", "plural_definite": "stenpikkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kussak#e6906", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kussak#e6626", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91224" ], "id": "kussak", "category": "nouns" } ], "kussuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "witch; sorcerer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kussuk", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "witch; sorcerer", "en_short": "witch", "da": "heks", "da_short": "heks", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "heks", "singular_definite": "heksen", "plural": "hekse", "plural_definite": "heksene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kussuk#e6921", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kussuk#e6640", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.54503" ], "id": "kussuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "kutsuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "resin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kutsuk", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "resin", "da": "harpiks", "da_short": "harpiks", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "harpiks", "singular_definite": "harpiksen", "plural": "harpikser", "plural_definite": "harpikserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kutsuk#e6930", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kutsuk#e6649", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92180" ], "id": "kutsuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "legati": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "scholarship; trust fund" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "legati", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "scholarship; trust fund", "en_short": "scholarship", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:legati#e7058", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:legati#e6719" ], "id": "legati", "category": "nouns" } ], "liimmi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "glue; paste" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "liimmi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "glue; paste", "en_short": "glue", "da": "lim", "da_short": "lim", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lim", "singular_definite": "limen", "plural": "lime", "plural_definite": "limene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:liimmi#e7063", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:liimmi#e6724", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71077" ], "id": "liimmi", "category": "nouns" } ], "likøri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "liqueur" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "likøri", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "liqueur", "da": "likør", "da_short": "likør", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "likør", "singular_definite": "likøren", "plural": "likører", "plural_definite": "likørerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:likøri#e7065", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:likøri#e6726", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90867" ], "id": "likøri", "category": "nouns" } ], "literi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "liter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "literi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "liter", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:literi#e7070", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:literi#e6731" ], "id": "literi", "category": "nouns" } ], "mallak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "clever person" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mallak", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "clever person", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mallak#e7284", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mallak#e6894" ], "id": "mallak", "category": "nouns" } ], "maqqaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "portage between bodies of water" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "maqqaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "portage between bodies of water", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:maqqaq#e7454", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:maqqaq#e7057" ], "id": "maqqaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "marneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pus" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "marneq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "The English row has the spelling puss, while Danish and historical rows independently identify wound matter/pus. The authored English gloss uses pus; no medical claim or derivation is encoded." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pus", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:marneq#e7500", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:marneq#e7103", "Kleinschmidt1871:marneq#e4852" ], "id": "marneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "marski": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "marsh" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "marski", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "marsh", "da": "marsk", "da_short": "marsk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "marsk", "singular_definite": "marsken", "plural": "marsker", "plural_definite": "marskerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:marski#e7520", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:marski#e7124", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82797" ], "id": "marski", "category": "nouns" } ], "massak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spleen" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "massak", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spleen", "da": "milt", "da_short": "milt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "milt", "singular_definite": "milten", "plural": "milte", "plural_definite": "miltene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:massak#e7541", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:massak#e7146", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91659" ], "id": "massak", "category": "nouns" } ], "mattut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bandage; dressing" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mattut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bandage; dressing", "en_short": "bandage", "da": "forbinding", "da_short": "forbinding", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "forbinding", "singular_definite": "forbindingen", "plural": "forbindinger", "plural_definite": "forbindingerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mattut#e7579", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mattut#e7185", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68933" ], "id": "mattut", "category": "nouns" } ], "meloni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "melon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "meloni", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "melon", "da": "melon", "da_short": "melon", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "melon", "singular_definite": "melonen", "plural": "meloner", "plural_definite": "melonerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:meloni#e7631", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:meloni#e7239", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64596" ], "id": "meloni", "category": "nouns" } ], "meqqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sewing needle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "meqqut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Admit the sewing-needle sense. Reverse dictionary rows also contain meqqut as plural hair from a different lexeme; these are not a second meaning or inflection rule for this needle entry. Kleinschmidt also lists qualified needle subentries separately." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sewing needle", "da": "nål", "da_short": "nål", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "nål", "singular_definite": "nålen", "plural": "nåle", "plural_definite": "nålene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:meqqut#e7653", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:meqqut#e7256", "Kleinschmidt1871:meqqut#e3878", "Kleinschmidt1871:meqqut#e3879", "Kleinschmidt1871:meqqut#e5101", "SchultzLorentzen1926:meqqut#e10341", "SchultzLorentzen1927:meqqut#e10341", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40594" ], "id": "meqqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "minaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "good food taken home from a meal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "minaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "good food taken home from a meal", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:minaaq#e7773", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:minaaq#e7373" ], "id": "minaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "minguk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dirt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "minguk", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dirt", "da": "snavs", "da_short": "snavs", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "snavs", "singular_definite": "snavset" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:minguk#e7779", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:minguk#e7379", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57646" ], "id": "minguk", "category": "nouns" } ], "minneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the smaller or smallest one" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "minneq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the smaller or smallest one", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:minneq#e7800", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:minneq#e7398" ], "id": "minneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "naartu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fetus" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naartu", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Kleinschmidt describes possessed naartua/naartui use. Modern paired rows independently list naartu as a noun. Admission retains the fetus sense without inferring free historical use or an unrestricted possessed paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fetus", "da": "foster", "da_short": "foster", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "foster", "singular_definite": [ "fostret", "fosteret" ], "plural": "fostre", "plural_definite": "fostrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naartu#e8199", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naartu#e7755", "Kleinschmidt1871:naartu#e5382", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95965" ], "id": "naartu", "category": "nouns" } ], "naasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "flower; plant" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naasoq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "flower; plant", "en_short": "flower", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naasoq#e8212", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naasoq#e7766" ], "id": "naasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "naffaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "broken-off stump" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naffaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "broken-off stump", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naffaq#e8269", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naffaq#e7821" ], "id": "naffaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nakuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the strong one" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nakuaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the strong one", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nakuaq#e8426", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nakuaq#e7964" ], "id": "nakuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nammik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "structural rib of a boat or building" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nammik", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "structural rib of a boat or building", "da": "spant", "da_short": "spant", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "spant", "singular_definite": "spantet", "plural": "spanter", "plural_definite": "spanterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nammik#e8659", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nammik#e8179", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.83421" ], "id": "nammik", "category": "nouns" } ], "nangeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "diaper" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nangeq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "diaper", "da": "ble", "da_short": "ble", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ble", "singular_definite": "bleen", "plural": "bleer", "plural_definite": "bleerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nangeq#e8697", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nangeq#e8213", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.83220" ], "id": "nangeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "napput": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tool for softening leather lines" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "napput", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tool for softening leather lines", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:napput#e8799", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:napput#e8310" ], "id": "napput", "category": "nouns" } ], "naqqoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "arrowhead" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naqqoq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "arrowhead", "da": "pilespids", "da_short": "pilespids", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pilespids", "singular_definite": "pilespidsen", "plural": "pilespidser", "plural_definite": "pilespidserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naqqoq#e8846", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naqqoq#e8354", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.88129" ], "id": "naqqoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "narsaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "plain; level land" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "narsaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Admit lowercase narsaq, plain. Capitalized Narsaq is a separately pinned place-name row in the same dictionaries; it is not the sense admitted here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "plain; level land", "en_short": "plain", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:narsaq#e8877", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:narsaq#e8384", "Kleinschmidt1871:narsaq#e5760", "SchultzLorentzen1926:narsaq#e11597", "SchultzLorentzen1927:narsaq#e11597" ], "id": "narsaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nassuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "horn; antler" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nassuk", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "horn; antler", "en_short": "horn", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nassuk#e8930", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nassuk#e8433" ], "id": "nassuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "nataaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bottom of a barrel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nataaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bottom of a barrel", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nataaq#e8935", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nataaq#e8438" ], "id": "nataaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "negeri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a black person" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "negeri", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "This is the exact attested dictionary spelling and selected source sense; no replacement spelling or claim about current usage/register is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a black person", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:negeri#e8989", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:negeri#e8489" ], "id": "negeri", "category": "nouns" } ], "nerpik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fish meat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nerpik", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fish meat", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nerpik#e9063", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nerpik#e8553" ], "id": "nerpik", "category": "nouns" } ], "niggit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bow of a bow drill" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niggit", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bow of a bow drill", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:niggit#e9150", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niggit#e8632" ], "id": "niggit", "category": "nouns" } ], "niggoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fish slime" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niggoq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fish slime", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:niggoq#e9151", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niggoq#e8633" ], "id": "niggoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nilleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cold" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nilleq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cold", "da": "kulde", "da_short": "kulde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kulde", "singular_definite": "kulden" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nilleq#e9217", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nilleq#e8697", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87017" ], "id": "nilleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ningeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "share of a hunted animal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ningeq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "share of a hunted animal", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ningeq#e9243", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ningeq#e8723" ], "id": "ningeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nipisa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lumpsucker" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nipisa", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lumpsucker", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nipisa#e9320", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nipisa#e8796" ], "id": "nipisa", "category": "nouns" } ], "nissik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hook; boat hook" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nissik", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hook; boat hook", "en_short": "hook", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nissik#e9347", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nissik#e8821" ], "id": "nissik", "category": "nouns" } ], "niuleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "uppermost neck vertebra" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niuleq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "uppermost neck vertebra", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:niuleq#e9397", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niuleq#e8864" ], "id": "niuleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "niutak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "trouser leg" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niutak", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Modern paired dictionaries independently attest trouser leg. Kleinschmidt describes boat stem-timber under the same spelling; that historical sense is not silently substituted for the modern selected sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "trouser leg", "da": "bukseben", "da_short": "bukseben", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bukseben", "singular_definite": "buksebenet", "plural": "bukseben", "plural_definite": "buksebenene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:niutak#e9401", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niutak#e8868", "Kleinschmidt1871:niutak#e6043", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89595" ], "id": "niutak", "category": "nouns" } ], "nomade": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nomad" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nomade", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nomad", "da": "nomade", "da_short": "nomade", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "nomade", "singular_definite": "nomaden", "plural": "nomader", "plural_definite": "nomaderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nomade#e9433", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nomade#e8895", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72366" ], "id": "nomade", "category": "nouns" } ], "norraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "caribou calf" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "norraq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "caribou calf", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:norraq#e9475", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:norraq#e8933" ], "id": "norraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "norsaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spear thrower" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "norsaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spear thrower", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:norsaq#e9477", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:norsaq#e8935" ], "id": "norsaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nuilaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "neckband" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuilaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "neckband", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nuilaq#e9534", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuilaq#e8990" ], "id": "nuilaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nuttaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crack; fissure" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuttaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crack; fissure", "en_short": "crack", "da": "revne", "da_short": "revne", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "revne", "singular_definite": "revnen", "plural": "revner", "plural_definite": "revnerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nuttaq#e9807", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuttaq#e9249", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61473" ], "id": "nuttaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nyloni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nylon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nyloni", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nylon", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nyloni#e9833", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nyloni#e9270" ], "id": "nyloni", "category": "nouns" } ], "ordeni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "neatness; tidiness; order" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ordeni", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "neatness; tidiness; order", "en_short": "neatness", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ordeni#e10214", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ordeni#e9581" ], "id": "ordeni", "category": "nouns" } ], "orsuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "orsuut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Modern paired rows establish tar. Schultz-Lorentzen also has a separate tent-door-skin row and a blubber/grease/tar row; these are preserved in the research report, not collapsed into one modern sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tar", "da": "tjære", "da_short": "tjære", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tjære", "singular_definite": "tjæren" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:orsuut#e10298", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:orsuut#e9659", "Kleinschmidt1871:orsuut#e6490", "SchultzLorentzen1926:orsuut#e20140", "SchultzLorentzen1926:orsuut#e13116", "SchultzLorentzen1927:orsuut#e20140", "SchultzLorentzen1927:orsuut#e13116", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65528" ], "id": "orsuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "paagut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stake; tent stake" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paagut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stake; tent stake", "en_short": "stake", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:paagut#e10315", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paagut#e9673" ], "id": "paagut", "category": "nouns" } ], "paaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fistfight; brawl" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paaneq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fistfight; brawl", "en_short": "fistfight", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:paaneq#e10335", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paaneq#e9692" ], "id": "paaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "paffik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wrist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paffik", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wrist", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:paffik#e10481", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paffik#e9820" ], "id": "paffik", "category": "nouns" } ], "pakkut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kayak balancing pole" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pakkut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kayak balancing pole", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pakkut#e10509", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pakkut#e9849" ], "id": "pakkut", "category": "nouns" } ], "palleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "alder; willow (regional senses)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "palleq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Sources explicitly distinguish regional alder and willow readings. Retain both without asserting a single botanical species." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "alder; willow (regional senses)", "en_short": "alder", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:palleq#e10527", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:palleq#e9868", "Kleinschmidt1871:palleq#e6688", "SchultzLorentzen1926:palleq#e13467", "SchultzLorentzen1927:palleq#e13467" ], "id": "palleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "paluaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "butterfly" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paluaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "butterfly", "da": "sommerfugl", "da_short": "sommerfugl", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sommerfugl", "singular_definite": "sommerfuglen", "plural": "sommerfugle", "plural_definite": "sommerfuglene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:paluaq#e10544", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paluaq#e9884", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55852" ], "id": "paluaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pamiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "barb on a harpoon point" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pamiaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Modern admission selects the paired barb/spur-on-harpoon-point sense. Historical sources describe a terminal peg and Ordbogi a small harpoon point; no assertion that every implement part is identical is made." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "barb on a harpoon point", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pamiaq#e10548", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pamiaq#e9889", "Ordbogi1977:pamiaq#e5995", "Kleinschmidt1871:pamiaq#e6574", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pamiaq#e13238", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pamiaq#e13238" ], "id": "pamiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pamioq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tail of a land mammal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pamioq", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the selected lexical sense and exact modern spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root or productive derivation is inferred; separate cited grammar evidence supports the inflection profile.", "Historical sources discuss possessed pamiua. Modern paired dictionaries independently list the land-mammal-tail noun; no possessed ending or unrestricted paradigm is inferred. Reverse hale rows include unrelated whale, fish and human expressions, not extra senses of this entry.", "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e explicitly give pamissup, pamissut and pamissumik for the land-animal-tail noun. The weak q-deleting injection operation records the observed ss cluster, not a reconstructed underlying consonant. This inflection evidence does not extend to possessed pamiua or unrelated tail senses." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tail of a land mammal", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "declension_class": "p", "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "strength": "weak", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e independently attest these nominal cells. No possessed forms or productive derivation are inferred.", "examples": [ { "surface": "pamissup", "natural": "tail of a land mammal (relative singular)" }, { "surface": "pamissut", "natural": "tail of a land mammal (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "pamissumik", "natural": "tail of a land mammal (instrumental)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pamioq#e10549", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pamioq#e9890", "Kleinschmidt1871:pamioq#e6571", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pamioq#e13234", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pamioq#e13234", "Ordbogen2003:svans#e30004", "Ordbogen2003:hale#e11464", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "pamioq", "category": "nouns" } ], "partii": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "party; political party" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "partii", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "The reverse Danish entry distinguishes association/political party from landscape, sport and role readings with other Kalaallisut expressions. Those other readings are not admitted under partii." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "party; political party", "en_short": "party", "da": "parti", "da_short": "parti", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "parti", "singular_definite": "partiet", "plural": "partier", "plural_definite": "partierne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:partii#e10647", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:partii#e9987", "Ordbogen2003:parti#e22499", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.51589" ], "id": "partii", "category": "nouns" } ], "passik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wrist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "passik", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wrist", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:passik#e10667", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:passik#e10004" ], "id": "passik", "category": "nouns" } ], "patsit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "excuse; reason; pretext" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "patsit", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "excuse; reason; pretext", "en_short": "excuse", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:patsit#e10693", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:patsit#e10027" ], "id": "patsit", "category": "nouns" } ], "pedeli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "janitor" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pedeli", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "janitor", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pedeli#e10726", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pedeli#e10052" ], "id": "pedeli", "category": "nouns" } ], "peeraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "boyfriend; girlfriend; lover" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "peeraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: peeraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "boyfriend; girlfriend; lover", "en_short": "boyfriend", "da": "kæreste", "da_short": "kæreste", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kæreste", "singular_definite": "kæresten", "plural": "kærester", "plural_definite": "kæresterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:peeraq#e10727", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:peeraq#e10053", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.51216" ], "id": "peeraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "perneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "forearm" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "perneq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Modern dictionaries independently establish forearm. Historical elbow-joint and timber-joint readings remain historical source senses rather than being substituted for the selected modern sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "forearm", "da": "underarm", "da_short": "underarm", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "underarm", "singular_definite": "underarmen", "plural": "underarme", "plural_definite": "underarmene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:perneq#e10882", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:perneq#e10200", "Kleinschmidt1871:perneq#e7041", "SchultzLorentzen1926:perneq#e13655", "SchultzLorentzen1927:perneq#e13655", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75748" ], "id": "perneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "perseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "blowing snow; whiteout" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "perseq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Ordbogi explicitly cross-refers persoq to perseq and modern paired rows give the same selected snow condition. Keep persoq as an exact lexical search variant without transferring a declension class or inferring a productive alternation." ], "search_forms": [ "perseq", "persoq" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "blowing snow; whiteout", "en_short": "blowing snow", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:perseq#e10916", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:perseq#e10234", "Ordbogi1977:persoq#e6226", "Oqaatsit1997:persoq#e10920", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:persoq#e10237" ], "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "persoq", "natural": "blowing snow; whiteout" } ] }, "id": "perseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "piiaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pencil eraser" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "piiaat", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Modern paired dictionaries establish pencil eraser. Historical sources list a general removal tool and separately qualified screwdriver and eraser constructions; these do not license every removal-tool sense or a productive derivation here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pencil eraser", "da": "viskelæder", "da_short": "viskelæder", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "viskelæder", "singular_definite": "viskelæderet", "plural": "viskelædere", "plural_definite": "viskelæderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:piiaat#e11027", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piiaat#e10341", "Kleinschmidt1871:piiaat#e6798", "SchultzLorentzen1926:piiaat#e13759", "SchultzLorentzen1927:piiaat#e13759", "Ordbogen2003:opløsningstegn#e21641", "Ordbogen2003:viskelæder#e34962", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89847" ], "id": "piiaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "piinsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Pentecost; Whitsuntide" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "piinsi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Pentecost; Whitsuntide", "en_short": "Pentecost", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:piinsi#e11035", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piinsi#e10349" ], "id": "piinsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "pilaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "piece of skin or fat cut off while flensing a sea mammal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pilaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Kleinschmidt describes shortened pilagaq and predominantly possessed use. The modern paired citation rows independently establish the selected flensed-piece noun. No productive shortening, unpossessed historical use or invariant phonemic root is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "piece of skin or fat cut off while flensing a sea mammal", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pilaaq#e11104", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pilaaq#e10414", "Kleinschmidt1871:pilaaq#e7082", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pilaaq#e13888", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pilaaq#e13888" ], "id": "pilaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pillat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "flensing knife; skinning knife" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pillat", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "flensing knife; skinning knife", "en_short": "flensing knife", "da": "flænsekniv", "da_short": "flænsekniv", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "flænsekniv", "singular_definite": "flænsekniven", "plural": "flænseknive", "plural_definite": "flænseknivene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pillat#e11178", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pillat#e10482", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61067" ], "id": "pillat", "category": "nouns" } ], "piloti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pilot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "piloti", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pilot", "da": "pilot", "da_short": "pilot", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pilot", "singular_definite": "piloten", "plural": "piloter", "plural_definite": "piloterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:piloti#e11216", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piloti#e10512", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76991" ], "id": "piloti", "category": "nouns" } ], "pimmak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "experienced person" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pimmak", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Kleinschmidt contrasts experienced with a northern self-important reading and compares related forms. Admit the modern paired experienced-person sense without assigning that regional reading universally or inferring a derivational chain." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "experienced person", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pimmak#e11232", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pimmak#e10527", "Kleinschmidt1871:pimmak#e6862" ], "id": "pimmak", "category": "nouns" } ], "pingeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "red driftwood" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pingeq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "The English row is broad driftwood; Danish and both Schultz-Lorentzen rows specify red wood/driftwood. Retain that narrower source-attested material description without identifying a tree species." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "red driftwood", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pingeq#e11298", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pingeq#e10596", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pingeq#e14077", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pingeq#e14077" ], "id": "pingeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "piniut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hunting implement" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "piniut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hunting implement", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:piniut#e11324", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piniut#e10622" ], "id": "piniut", "category": "nouns" } ], "pisaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "new purchase; something recently acquired" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pisaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "new purchase; something recently acquired", "en_short": "new purchase", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pisaaq#e11379", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pisaaq#e10679" ], "id": "pisaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pisiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a purchase; what one has bought" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pisiaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a purchase; what one has bought", "en_short": "a purchase", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pisiaq#e11431", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pisiaq#e10727" ], "id": "pisiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pisooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wealthy person" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pisooq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wealthy person", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pisooq#e11452", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pisooq#e10752" ], "id": "pisooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pissut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cause; reason; motivation" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pissut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cause; reason; motivation", "en_short": "cause", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pissut#e11522", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pissut#e10816" ], "id": "pissut", "category": "nouns" } ], "pisuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the only thing one owns" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pisuaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the only thing one owns", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pisuaq#e11529", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pisuaq#e10822" ], "id": "pisuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "plussi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "plus in mathematics" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "plussi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "plus in mathematics", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:plussi#e11663", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:plussi#e10940" ], "id": "plussi", "category": "nouns" } ], "pokali": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "trophy cup" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pokali", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "trophy cup", "da": "pokal", "da_short": "pokal", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pokal", "singular_definite": "pokalen", "plural": "pokaler", "plural_definite": "pokalerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pokali#e11664", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pokali#e10941", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68979" ], "id": "pokali", "category": "nouns" } ], "prammi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "barge; scow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "prammi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "barge; scow", "en_short": "barge", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:prammi#e11710", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:prammi#e10986" ], "id": "prammi", "category": "nouns" } ], "prinsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "prince" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "prinsi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "prince", "da": "prins", "da_short": "prins", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "prins", "singular_definite": "prinsen", "plural": "prinser", "plural_definite": "prinserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:prinsi#e11713", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:prinsi#e10989", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40425" ], "id": "prinsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "prisme": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "prism" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "prisme", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "prism", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:prisme#e11714", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:prisme#e10990" ], "id": "prisme", "category": "nouns" } ], "præmie": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "prize won in a contest" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "præmie", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Admit the contest prize sense. Reverse Danish prize/premium entries distinguish insurance-payment expressions; an insurance premium is not inferred as another sense here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "prize won in a contest", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:præmie#e11730", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:præmie#e11006", "Ordbogen2003:præmie#e23703" ], "id": "præmie", "category": "nouns" } ], "pukkoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tap hole in a vessel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pukkoq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tap hole in a vessel", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pukkoq#e11870", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pukkoq#e11143" ], "id": "pukkoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pullat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fox trap" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pullat", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Modern dictionaries establish fox trap; historical sources distinguish plural fish-trap and qualified steel-trap contexts. No plural allomorph map or generic trap extension is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fox trap", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pullat#e11918", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pullat#e11187", "Kleinschmidt1871:pullat#e7319", "Ordbogen2003:rævefælde#e25318", "Ordbogen2003:stenfælde#e29073", "Ordbogen2003:fælde#e9638" ], "id": "pullat", "category": "nouns" } ], "pussoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hole in the sole of a boot or shoe" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pussoq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hole in the sole of a boot or shoe", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pussoq#e11950", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pussoq#e11218" ], "id": "pussoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "putuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lace hole at the side of a traditional boot sole" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "putuaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lace hole at the side of a traditional boot sole", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:putuaq#e11992", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:putuaq#e11258" ], "id": "putuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "puunsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "punch; alcoholic drink" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "puunsi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "punch; alcoholic drink", "en_short": "punch", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:puunsi#e12028", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:puunsi#e11295" ], "id": "puunsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "qaaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "space under a traditional sleeping platform" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaaneq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "space under a traditional sleeping platform", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qaaneq#e12135", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaaneq#e11369" ], "id": "qaaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qaarut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "headband" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaarut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "headband", "da": "pandebånd", "da_short": "pandebånd", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pandebånd", "singular_definite": "pandebåndet", "plural": "pandebånd", "plural_definite": "pandebåndene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qaarut#e12210", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaarut#e11442", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.96329" ], "id": "qaarut", "category": "nouns" } ], "qaliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "roof" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaliaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Kleinschmidt describes an upper storey/attic and predominantly possessed use. The modern paired rows independently establish roof; no free historical use, possessive ending or full paradigm is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "roof", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qaliaq#e12327", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaliaq#e11563", "Kleinschmidt1871:qaliaq#e3142", "Ordbogen2003:tag#e30650" ], "id": "qaliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qallut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ladle; scoop; bailer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qallut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Admit the paired water-scoop/bailer sense. The reverse bryn row reflects eyebrow qallut, not an extra meaning or plural rule for this scoop entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ladle; scoop; bailer", "en_short": "ladle", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qallut#e12393", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qallut#e11626", "Kleinschmidt1871:qallut#e3159", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qallut#e6429", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qallut#e6429", "Ordbogen2003:pøs#e23944", "Ordbogen2003:vandøse#e34230", "Ordbogen2003:øse#e35695" ], "id": "qallut", "category": "nouns" } ], "qamaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "game animal one is lying in wait for" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qamaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "game animal one is lying in wait for", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qamaaq#e12410", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qamaaq#e11645" ], "id": "qamaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qapiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wood plane" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qapiut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wood plane", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qapiut#e12541", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qapiut#e11776" ], "id": "qapiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "qarloq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lip" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qarloq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lip", "da": "læbe", "da_short": "læbe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "læbe", "singular_definite": "læben", "plural": "læber", "plural_definite": "læberne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qarloq#e12652", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qarloq#e11889", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84682" ], "id": "qarloq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qarmaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "masonry; stone or brick wall" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qarmaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Danish and historical rows establish wall/masonry. The English brick; stone and mortal comprising a wall wording is preserved in the evidence report; the authored gloss refers to masonry, not an isolated brick or a silently corrected source quotation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "masonry; stone or brick wall", "en_short": "masonry", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qarmaq#e12668", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qarmaq#e11906", "Kleinschmidt1871:qarmaq#e3313", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qarmaq#e6723", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qarmaq#e6723", "Ordbogen2003:mur#e20004", "Ordbogen2003:murværk#e20018" ], "id": "qarmaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qarsoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "arrow for a bow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qarsoq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "arrow for a bow", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qarsoq#e12677", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qarsoq#e11914" ], "id": "qarsoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qattaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pail; bucket" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qattaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pail; bucket", "en_short": "pail", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qattaq#e12817", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qattaq#e12053" ], "id": "qattaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qilaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Inuit drum" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qilaat", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Admit the modern Inuit-drum sense. Historical northern violin/guitar readings and separate cross-reference rows remain source-scoped; no universal modern string-instrument sense is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Inuit drum", "da": "tromme", "da_short": "tromme", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tromme", "singular_definite": "trommen", "plural": "trommer", "plural_definite": "trommerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qilaat#e12977", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qilaat#e12203", "Kleinschmidt1871:qilaat#e3584", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qilaat#e7219", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qilaat#e18518", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qilaat#e7219", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qilaat#e18518", "Ordbogen2003:tromme#e32002", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.66428" ], "id": "qilaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "qillat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "magical incantation" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qillat", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "magical incantation", "da": "trylleformular", "da_short": "trylleformular", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "trylleformular", "singular_definite": "trylleformularen", "plural": "trylleformularer", "plural_definite": "trylleformularerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qillat#e13033", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qillat#e12257", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89305" ], "id": "qillat", "category": "nouns" } ], "qilloq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "carcass on land; carrion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qilloq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Danish and historical rows specify carcass found on land. Reverse Danish distinguishes stranded/rotting sea-animal silu; that contrast is retained rather than broadening this noun to all animal remains." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "carcass on land; carrion", "en_short": "carcass on land", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qilloq#e13046", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qilloq#e12271", "Kleinschmidt1871:qilloq#e3536", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qilloq#e7160", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qilloq#e15943", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qilloq#e7160", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qilloq#e15943", "Ordbogen2003:ådsel#e35761" ], "id": "qilloq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qinnut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "prayer; petition" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qinnut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "prayer; petition", "en_short": "prayer", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qinnut#e13233", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qinnut#e12459" ], "id": "qinnut", "category": "nouns" } ], "qippaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "twisted thread or rope" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qippaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "twisted thread or rope", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qippaq#e13282", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qippaq#e12508" ], "id": "qippaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qippoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "braid; cable in knitting" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qippoq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Admit only the independently paired modern nominal braid/knitting-cable sense. Historical qippoq hops is verbal evidence under the same spelling and does not establish a verbal category or valency for this noun." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "braid; cable in knitting", "en_short": "braid", "da": "snoning", "da_short": "snoning", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "snoning", "singular_definite": "snoningen", "plural": "snoninger", "plural_definite": "snoningerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qippoq#e13286", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qippoq#e12512", "Kleinschmidt1871:qippoq#e3539", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qippoq#e7169", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qippoq#e7169", "Ordbogen2003:snoning#e27960", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90982" ], "id": "qippoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qissaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spun thread" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qissaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spun thread", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qissaq#e13296", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qissaq#e12521" ], "id": "qissaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qivioq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "down; fluff" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qivioq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "down; fluff", "en_short": "down", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qivioq#e13428", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qivioq#e12653" ], "id": "qivioq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qooroq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "valley" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qooroq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "valley", "da": "dal", "da_short": "dal", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "dal", "singular_definite": "dalen", "plural": "dale", "plural_definite": "dalene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qooroq#e13451", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qooroq#e12675", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65919" ], "id": "qooroq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qoqaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shadow of land on water" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qoqaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shadow of land on water", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qoqaaq#e13455", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qoqaaq#e12679" ], "id": "qoqaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qorfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "potty; chamber pot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qorfik", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "potty; chamber pot", "en_short": "potty", "da": "potte", "da_short": "potte", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "potte", "singular_definite": "potten", "plural": "potter", "plural_definite": "potterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qorfik#e13461", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qorfik#e12686", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95322" ], "id": "qorfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "qorsuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "something green" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qorsuk", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Modern English explicitly lists something green as nominal. Historical colour and uncertain etymological comparisons do not establish a productive adjectival suffix or historical atomicity." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something green", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qorsuk#e13472", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qorsuk#e12697", "Kleinschmidt1871:qorsuk#e3875", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qorsuk#e7840", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qorsuk#e7840", "Ordbogen2003:grøn#e11082" ], "id": "qorsuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "quasak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "smooth ice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "quasak", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "smooth ice", "da": "glatis", "da_short": "glatis", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "glatis", "singular_definite": "glatisen" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:quasak#e13486", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:quasak#e12711", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61411" ], "id": "quasak", "category": "nouns" } ], "querti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cataract in the eye" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "querti", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cataract in the eye", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:querti#e13504", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:querti#e12728" ], "id": "querti", "category": "nouns" } ], "qunneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crevice; ravine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qunneq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crevice; ravine", "en_short": "crevice", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qunneq#e13700", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qunneq#e12921" ], "id": "qunneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "quppaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crack; split" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "quppaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crack; split", "en_short": "crack", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:quppaq#e13730", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:quppaq#e12951" ], "id": "quppaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qupput": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "splitting tool; wedge" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qupput", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "splitting tool; wedge", "en_short": "splitting tool", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qupput#e13740", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qupput#e12962" ], "id": "qupput", "category": "nouns" } ], "qussuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "swan" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qussuk", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Admit lowercase swan only. Capitalized Qussuk is separately pinned as a place-name/gold-exploration site and is not the selected lexeme." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "swan", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qussuk#e13753", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qussuk#e12976", "Kleinschmidt1871:qussuk#e3918", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qussuk#e7904", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qussuk#e7904", "Ordbogen2003:svane#e29993" ], "id": "qussuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "radari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "radar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "radari", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "radar", "da": "radar", "da_short": "radar", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "radar", "singular_definite": "radaren", "plural": "radarer", "plural_definite": "radarerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:radari#e13826", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:radari#e13015", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81843" ], "id": "radari", "category": "nouns" } ], "radise": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "radish" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "radise", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "radish", "da": "radise", "da_short": "radise", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "radise", "singular_definite": "radisen", "plural": "radiser", "plural_definite": "radiserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:radise#e13832", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:radise#e13021", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82581" ], "id": "radise", "category": "nouns" } ], "rinngi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ring" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "rinngi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ring", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:rinngi#e13853", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:rinngi#e13042" ], "id": "rinngi", "category": "nouns" } ], "ruderi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "diamonds; playing card suit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ruderi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "diamonds; playing card suit", "en_short": "diamonds", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ruderi#e13860", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ruderi#e13049" ], "id": "ruderi", "category": "nouns" } ], "russeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Russian person" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "russeq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Russian person", "da": "russer", "da_short": "russer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "russer", "singular_definite": "russeren", "plural": "russere", "plural_definite": "russerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:russeq#e13861", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:russeq#e13050", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75973" ], "id": "russeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "saamik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "left hand" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saamik", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Admit the modern paired left-hand sense. Historical and reverse left-handed-person readings are preserved as source distinctions without guessing an adjectival category or full paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "left hand", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:saamik#e13980", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saamik#e13089", "Kleinschmidt1871:saamik#e7532", "SchultzLorentzen1926:saamik#e15049", "SchultzLorentzen1927:saamik#e15049", "Ordbogen2003:venstrehåndet#e34564", "Ordbogen2003:kejte#e15324", "Ordbogen2003:kejthåndet#e15326" ], "id": "saamik", "category": "nouns" } ], "saaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bone" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saaneq", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "Current inspected oq-api 0.4.25 reproduces the reviewed instrumental form, but grammatical n-family metathesis remains approximate/unimplemented. The source-attested profile does not claim exact consumer execution or select an optional-g variant; do not hide that limitation with an invented surface.", "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.2.6 and Bjornum2012 K4§2f explicitly list this owner among strong q-stems with metathesis. The profile records that cited class, not a rule inferred from final spelling. In nonpossessive forms metathesis is confined to grammatical cases; obliques use the strong nonmetathesized stem. Possessive behavior is person-conditioned and source variants remain separately reviewable; this lexical family is not generally productive." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bone", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "strength": "strong", "declension_class": "up" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:saaneq#e13992", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saaneq#e13101", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f" ], "id": "saaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "saggaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hide with thin hair; seal regrowing hair after molting" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saggaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Danish specifies a hide with thin hair or a seal regrowing hair after molting; English describes a thin-haired hide or just-molted seal. Historical light-fog and thin-snow senses remain separate from this admission." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hide with thin hair; seal regrowing hair after molting", "en_short": "hide with thin hair", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:saggaq#e14069", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saggaq#e13175", "Kleinschmidt1871:saggaq#e7357", "SchultzLorentzen1926:saggaq#e14812", "SchultzLorentzen1927:saggaq#e14812" ], "id": "saggaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "salleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the outermost toward the open ocean" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "salleq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the outermost toward the open ocean", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:salleq#e14141", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:salleq#e13245" ], "id": "salleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sanaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "something one has made" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sanaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Historical shortening from sanasaq and predominantly possessed use do not establish a productive shortening rule. Modern paired dictionaries independently establish something made." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something one has made", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sanaaq#e14206", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sanaaq#e13309", "Kleinschmidt1871:sanaaq#e7542", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sanaaq#e15064", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sanaaq#e15064", "Ordbogen2003:produkt#e23533", "Ordbogen2003:fabrikat#e6555", "Ordbogen2003:forarbejdet#e7870", "Ordbogen2003:konstruktion#e16272" ], "id": "sanaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sannat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tool; woodworking tool" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sannat", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tool; woodworking tool", "en_short": "tool", "da": "værktøj", "da_short": "værktøj", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "værktøj", "singular_definite": "værktøjet", "plural": "værktøjer", "plural_definite": "værktøjerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sannat#e14294", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sannat#e13395", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70192" ], "id": "sannat", "category": "nouns" } ], "sarfaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "water current; electrical current" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sarfaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "water current; electrical current", "en_short": "water current", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sarfaq#e14431", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sarfaq#e13521" ], "id": "sarfaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "seqiak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "contents of the small intestine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "seqiak", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "contents of the small intestine", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:seqiak#e14563", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:seqiak#e13654" ], "id": "seqiak", "category": "nouns" } ], "seqqoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hind flipper of a sea mammal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "seqqoq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hind flipper of a sea mammal", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:seqqoq#e14590", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:seqqoq#e13681" ], "id": "seqqoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "serafi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "seraph; a type of angel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "serafi", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "seraph; a type of angel", "en_short": "seraph", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:serafi#e14608", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:serafi#e13699" ], "id": "serafi", "category": "nouns" } ], "serfaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "black guillemot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "serfaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Admit the attested black-guillemot common-name sense. Scientific-name text is source evidence and is not independently updated as a taxonomic claim." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "black guillemot", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:serfaq#e14610", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:serfaq#e13701", "Kleinschmidt1871:serfaq#e7694", "SchultzLorentzen1926:serfaq#e15543", "SchultzLorentzen1927:serfaq#e15543", "Ordbogen2003:tejst#e30920" ], "id": "serfaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sermeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "glacier; ice sheet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sermeq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Modern paired rows establish glacier/ice sheet; historical sources also discuss ice on solid objects. Reverse Danish distinguishes sea ice siku and other ice conditions; these are not collapsed into this noun." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "glacier; ice sheet", "en_short": "glacier", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sermeq#e14615", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sermeq#e13706", "Kleinschmidt1871:sermeq#e7714", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sermeq#e15583", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sermeq#e15583", "Ordbogen2003:bræ#e3581", "Ordbogen2003:gletscher#e10559", "Ordbogen2003:is#e14398", "Ordbogen2003:jøkel#e14859", "Ordbogen2003:landis#e17504" ], "id": "sermeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "serrat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "magical incantation; conjuring formula" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "serrat", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "magical incantation; conjuring formula", "en_short": "magical incantation", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:serrat#e14644", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:serrat#e13732" ], "id": "serrat", "category": "nouns" } ], "siataq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "something fried" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siataq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something fried", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:siataq#e14714", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siataq#e13796" ], "id": "siataq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sigguk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "snout; beak" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sigguk", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Admit lowercase snout/beak only. Capitalized Sigguk is the separately pinned Svartenhuk place name and is not the sense admitted here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "snout; beak", "en_short": "snout", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sigguk#e14735", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sigguk#e13818", "Kleinschmidt1871:sigguk#e7778", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sigguk#e15709", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sigguk#e15709", "Ordbogen2003:næb#e20957", "Ordbogen2003:snude#e27979", "Ordbogen2003:tryne#e32111" ], "id": "sigguk", "category": "nouns" } ], "sikuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "newly formed ice; thin ice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sikuaq", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_SG": "sikuaq", "N_ERG_SG": "sikussap", "N_ABS_PL": "sikussat" }, "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling and thin/new ice sense. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, stem type, hidden consonant or productive derivation is inferred.", "Bjornum K4§2e explicitly lists sikuaq with sikussap/sikussat; Kleinschmidt1871 independently prints sikussat. Admit only p-declension and the three literal citation/relative/plural cells with an operational irregular selector. Leave stem type and hidden consonant unset, rather than inventing a complete -uaq profile.", "Bjornum printed page 81 (PDF page 79) really prints instrumental sikuassamik. This unusual spelling is not introduced by the transcription. Preserve it as source evidence, but defer instrumental execution and do not normalize it or add a gold without further corroboration." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "newly formed ice; thin ice", "en_short": "newly formed ice", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "declension_class": "p" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sikuaq#e14814", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sikuaq#e13894", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:sikuaq#e7816", "Petersen1967:sikuaq#e9502" ], "id": "sikuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sillaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crowbar; wrecking bar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sillaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crowbar; wrecking bar", "en_short": "crowbar", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sillaq#e14927", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sillaq#e14009" ], "id": "sillaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sillit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sharpening stone; whetstone" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sillit", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sharpening stone; whetstone", "en_short": "sharpening stone", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sillit#e14942", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sillit#e14025" ], "id": "sillit", "category": "nouns" } ], "sinaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "edge of the ice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sinaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "edge of the ice", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sinaaq#e14977", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sinaaq#e14061" ], "id": "sinaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "singeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "boot lace; shoelace" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "singeq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "boot lace; shoelace", "en_short": "boot lace", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:singeq#e14998", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:singeq#e14082" ], "id": "singeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sinneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "excess; remainder" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sinneq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred.", "Kleinschmidt records shortening from simineq and possessed sinnera; modern paired rows independently attest remainder/excess. No productive shortening or possessive paradigm is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "excess; remainder", "en_short": "excess", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sinneq#e15043", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sinneq#e14127", "Kleinschmidt1871:sinneq#e7896", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sinneq#e16277", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sinneq#e16277", "Ordbogen2003:rest#e24693" ], "id": "sinneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sioqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "jib; foresail" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sioqut", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "jib; foresail", "en_short": "jib", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sioqut#e15097", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sioqut#e14177" ], "id": "sioqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "sipaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spades; playing card suit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sipaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spades; playing card suit", "en_short": "spades", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sipaaq#e15139", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sipaaq#e14219" ], "id": "sipaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sipili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crane for lifting" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sipili", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crane for lifting", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sipili#e15148", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sipili#e14228" ], "id": "sipili", "category": "nouns" } ], "skakki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "chess" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "skakki", "notes": [ "Lexical admission uses the exact modern dictionary citation spelling. No historical atomicity, reconstructed phonemic root, declension class, stem strength, sound alternation or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "chess", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:skakki#e15356", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:skakki#e14432" ], "id": "skakki", "category": "nouns" } ], "assaat_forearm": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "forearm; lower arm" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assaat", "notes": [ "The exact modern noun rows attest forearm/lower arm, independently of assak hands plural assaat. Historical rows explicitly distinguish old-orthography agssaut forearm from agssait hands. Practical dictionary citation stem only: no declension class, reconstructed root, inflectional alternation, historical atomicity or productive relationship to assak is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "forearm; lower arm", "en_short": "forearm", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "assaat", "natural": "forearm; lower arm" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assaat#e2055", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assaat#e2014", "Kleinschmidt1871:assaat#e103", "SchultzLorentzen1926:assaat#e183", "SchultzLorentzen1927:assaat#e183" ], "id": "assaat_forearm", "category": "nouns" } ], "assi_photo": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "photograph; photo" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assi", "notes": [ "Exact modern noun rows attest photograph/photo. This is independent of verb assi, whose citation assivoq means spits blood. Practical dictionary citation stem only: no complete declension class, reconstructed root, historical atomicity or productive relationship to the verb is inferred. The separately cited possessive alternation below has its own restricted evidence scope.", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3 explicitly lists assi / assinga in the six-member historical strong-k nasalizing class. Bjornum2012:K4§2g independently includes photograph and restricts this alternation to vowel-initial third-person possessive endings: assinga, assingat, assingi. Retain modern citation assi; this evidence does not establish an unpossessed assingup/assingit paradigm or a blanket weakening rule for the modern noun. The historical assik entry is reviewed separately.", "Source-bound literal cell only: Bjornum2012:K4§2g explicitly includes photograph and gives assinga for a photograph or likeness depicting him/her. N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG selects that third-person possessive cell; it does not mean unrestricted ownership or an unpossessed nasalizing paradigm. inflection_sandhi irregular opts into the keyed complete realization only, not a complete class or reconstructed assik stem." ], "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG": "assinga" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "photograph; photo", "en_short": "photograph", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "assi", "natural": "photograph; photo" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assi#e2098", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assi#e2058", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2g" ], "id": "assi_photo", "category": "nouns" } ], "ataataq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "father; dad" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ataataq", "notes": [ "Modern noun rows independently attest ataataq father/dad, alongside the separately catalogued vowel-final ataata. Historical Schultz-Lorentzen rows also attest father. Practical dictionary citation stem only: no q insertion, declension, reconstructed root or productive relation is inferred. Kleinschmidt describes an added-q Father/God usage under ataata; that historical context does not restrict this modern noun to God." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "father; dad", "en_short": "father", "da": "far; fader", "da_short": "far", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ataataq", "natural": "father; dad" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:ataata#e1265", "Oqaatsit1997:ataataq#e2203", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataataq#e2164", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ataataq#e2418", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ataataq#e2418" ], "id": "ataataq", "category": "nouns" } ], "atsiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "someone named after a deceased person" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atsiaq", "notes": [ "Exact modern noun rows attest someone named after a deceased person. This free noun is distinct from adjectival-degree affix N_atsiaq_N rather/quite N, despite normalization of the affix attachment mark. Practical dictionary citation stem only: no declension, invariant root, atomic historical origin or productive naming derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Actor}} named after a deceased person", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atsiaq", "natural": "someone named after a deceased person" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atsiaq#e2372", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atsiaq#e2323", "SchultzLorentzen1926:atsiaq#e2520", "SchultzLorentzen1927:atsiaq#e2520" ], "id": "atsiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "iki_wound": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wound" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iki", "notes": [ "Exact noun headwords establish practical lexical spelling and wound meaning. No unverified declension, schwa behavior or inflectional alternation is asserted.", "Distinct from the verb stems iki (be few), iki_fire and iki_board. Historical duplicate empty iki rows do not add another sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wound", "da": "sår", "en_short": "wound", "da_short": "sår", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sår", "singular_definite": "såret", "plural": "sår", "plural_definite": "sårene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iki", "natural": "wound" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iki#e3635", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iki#e3493", "Kleinschmidt1871:iki#e1974", "SchultzLorentzen1927:iki#e3925", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71992" ], "id": "iki_wound", "category": "nouns" } ], "ili_ally": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ally; teammate; fellow club member" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ili", "notes": [ "Exact noun citation rows establish practical spelling and selected lexical meanings. This is distinct from existing verbal ili, become like that; no unverified declension or inflectional alternation is asserted.", "Ordbogen2003 reverse ally/teammate entries also list ilik and plural iligiit. Preserve those source-bound leads; they do not alone establish a universal ili/ilik stem allomorph map." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ally; teammate; fellow club member", "en_short": "ally; teammate", "da": "forbundsfælle; holdkammerat", "da_short": "forbundsfælle; holdkammerat", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ili", "natural": "ally; teammate; fellow club member" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ili#e3916", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ili#e3797", "Ordbogen2003:forbundsfælle#e7953", "Ordbogen2003:holdkammerat#e12514", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60290", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.96421" ], "id": "ili_ally", "category": "nouns" } ], "sliski": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ramp; slipway" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sliski", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ramp; slipway", "en_short": "ramp; slipway", "da": "slisk", "da_short": "slisk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": [ "slisk", "sliske" ], "singular_definite": "slisken", "plural": "slisker", "plural_definite": "sliskerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sliski#e15369", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sliski#e14445", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60751" ], "id": "sliski", "category": "nouns" } ], "soqqaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "baleen" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "soqqaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "baleen", "en_short": "baleen", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:soqqaq#e15390", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:soqqaq#e14464" ], "id": "soqqaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sorluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nostril" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sorluk", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nostril", "da": "næsebor", "da_short": "næsebor", "en_short": "nostril", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "næsebor", "singular_definite": "næseboret", "plural": "næsebor", "plural_definite": "næseborene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sorluk#e15434", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sorluk#e14507", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77540" ], "id": "sorluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "spandi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bucket for washing floors" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "spandi", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bucket for washing floors", "en_short": "bucket for washing floors", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:spandi#e15466", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:spandi#e14538" ], "id": "spandi", "category": "nouns" } ], "sporti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sport" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sporti", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sport", "da": "sport", "da_short": "sport", "en_short": "sport", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sport", "singular_definite": "sporten" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sporti#e15473", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sporti#e14545", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.53203" ], "id": "sporti", "category": "nouns" } ], "svampi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sponge" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "svampi", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sponge", "da": "svamp", "da_short": "svamp", "en_short": "sponge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "svamp", "singular_definite": "svampen", "plural": "svampe", "plural_definite": "svampene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:svampi#e15831", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:svampi#e14905", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92867" ], "id": "svampi", "category": "nouns" } ], "svendi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "journeyman" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "svendi", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "journeyman", "da": "svend", "da_short": "svend", "en_short": "journeyman", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "svend", "singular_definite": "svenden", "plural": "svende", "plural_definite": "svendene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:svendi#e15832", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:svendi#e14906", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79958" ], "id": "svendi", "category": "nouns" } ], "soeloeve": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sea lion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "søløve", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows.", "Foreign-spelling loan form is retained exactly as labeled Kalaallisut in the paired sources; no orthographic adaptation rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sea lion", "en_short": "sea lion", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:søløve#e15842", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:søløve#e14916" ], "id": "soeloeve", "category": "nouns" } ], "soemili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nautical mile" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sømili", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows.", "Foreign-spelling loan form is retained exactly as labeled Kalaallisut in the paired sources; no orthographic adaptation rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nautical mile", "en_short": "nautical mile", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sømili#e15843", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sømili#e14917" ], "id": "soemili", "category": "nouns" } ], "taarti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "replacement; substitute" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taarti", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "replacement; substitute", "en_short": "replacement; substitute", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:taarti#e16040", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taarti#e15036" ], "id": "taarti", "category": "nouns" } ], "taasaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "messenger" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taasaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "messenger", "en_short": "messenger", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:taasaq#e16051", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taasaq#e15047" ], "id": "taasaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "taattu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "complexion; skin tone" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taattu", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "complexion; skin tone", "en_short": "complexion; skin tone", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:taattu#e16068", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taattu#e15069" ], "id": "taattu", "category": "nouns" } ], "tabeli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "table (of figures)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tabeli", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "table (of figures)", "en_short": "table (of figures)", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tabeli#e16083", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tabeli#e15084" ], "id": "tabeli", "category": "nouns" } ], "taggit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "noun; nominal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taggit", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "noun; nominal", "en_short": "noun; nominal", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:taggit#e16090", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taggit#e15091" ], "id": "taggit", "category": "nouns" } ], "tagiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "violin bow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tagiut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "violin bow", "da": "violinbue", "da_short": "violinbue", "en_short": "violin bow", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "violinbue", "singular_definite": "violinbuen", "plural": "violinbuer", "plural_definite": "violinbuerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tagiut#e16095", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tagiut#e15097", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68892" ], "id": "tagiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "talloq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "chin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "talloq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "chin", "da": "hage", "da_short": "hage", "en_short": "chin", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hage", "singular_definite": "hagen", "plural": "hager", "plural_definite": "hagerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:talloq#e16236", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:talloq#e15243", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61349" ], "id": "talloq", "category": "nouns" } ], "taqqaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cross-strap on a kayak deck" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taqqaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cross-strap on a kayak deck", "en_short": "cross-strap on a kayak deck", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:taqqaq#e16437", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taqqaq#e15457" ], "id": "taqqaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tarneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "soul; psyche" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tarneq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "soul; psyche", "en_short": "soul; psyche", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tarneq#e16462", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tarneq#e15486" ], "id": "tarneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tarraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shadow; reflected image" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tarraq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shadow; reflected image", "en_short": "shadow; reflected image", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tarraq#e16485", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tarraq#e15513" ], "id": "tarraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tasiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "handgrip on a kayak paddle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tasiaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "handgrip on a kayak paddle", "en_short": "handgrip on a kayak paddle", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tasiaq#e16517", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tasiaq#e15545" ], "id": "tasiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tasseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ribbon; band" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tasseq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows.", "tasseq and tassik are separately attested citation forms; these rows do not establish an allomorph map." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ribbon; band", "en_short": "ribbon; band", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tasseq#e16545", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tasseq#e15577" ], "id": "tasseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tassik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ribbon; band" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tassik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows.", "tasseq and tassik are separately attested citation forms; these rows do not establish an allomorph map." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ribbon; band", "en_short": "ribbon; band", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tassik#e16546", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tassik#e15579" ], "id": "tassik", "category": "nouns" } ], "tattak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fish scale" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tattak", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fish scale", "en_short": "fish scale", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tattak#e16569", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tattak#e15606" ], "id": "tattak", "category": "nouns" } ], "terlik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "seal floating calmly at the surface" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "terlik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "seal floating calmly at the surface", "en_short": "seal floating calmly at the surface", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:terlik#e16632", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:terlik#e15668" ], "id": "terlik", "category": "nouns" } ], "tiggak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "old male seal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tiggak", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "old male seal", "en_short": "old male seal", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tiggak#e16652", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tiggak#e15691" ], "id": "tiggak", "category": "nouns" } ], "tilioq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "best friend" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tilioq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "best friend", "en_short": "best friend", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tilioq#e16749", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tilioq#e15805" ], "id": "tilioq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tilleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pulse" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tilleq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pulse", "da": "puls", "da_short": "puls", "en_short": "pulse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "puls", "singular_definite": "pulsen", "plural": [ "pulse", "pulser" ], "plural_definite": [ "pulsene", "pulserne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tilleq#e16751", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tilleq#e15807", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75708" ], "id": "tilleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "timmik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "gannet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "timmik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gannet", "en_short": "gannet", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:timmik#e16822", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:timmik#e15879" ], "id": "timmik", "category": "nouns" } ], "tinguk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "liver" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tinguk", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "liver", "da": "lever", "da_short": "lever", "en_short": "liver", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lever", "singular_definite": "leveren", "plural": "levere", "plural_definite": "leverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tinguk#e16853", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tinguk#e15913", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44921" ], "id": "tinguk", "category": "nouns" } ], "tippik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rib of a kayak" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tippik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rib of a kayak", "en_short": "rib of a kayak", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tippik#e16911", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tippik#e15974" ], "id": "tippik", "category": "nouns" } ], "tisaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fish split down the middle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tisaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fish split down the middle", "en_short": "fish split down the middle", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tisaaq#e16916", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tisaaq#e15979" ], "id": "tisaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tomati": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tomato" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tomati", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tomato", "da": "tomat", "da_short": "tomat", "en_short": "tomato", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tomat", "singular_definite": "tomaten", "plural": "tomater", "plural_definite": "tomaterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tomati#e16962", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tomati#e16028", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78994" ], "id": "tomati", "category": "nouns" } ], "torluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "windpipe; trachea" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "torluk", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "windpipe; trachea", "en_short": "windpipe; trachea", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:torluk#e17069", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:torluk#e16139" ], "id": "torluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "troppi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "scout troop" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "troppi", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows.", "English also says the tropics; only the scout-troop meaning is corroborated by Danish and the inspected reverse index. The tropics sense is not admitted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "scout troop", "en_short": "scout troop", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:troppi#e17098", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:troppi#e16167" ], "id": "troppi", "category": "nouns" } ], "trumfi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "trump (in cards)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "trumfi", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "trump (in cards)", "en_short": "trump (in cards)", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:trumfi#e17099", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:trumfi#e16168" ], "id": "trumfi", "category": "nouns" } ], "tuilik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kayaking jacket with attached spray skirt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuilik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kayaking jacket with attached spray skirt", "en_short": "kayaking jacket with attached spray skirt", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tuilik#e17126", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuilik#e16198" ], "id": "tuilik", "category": "nouns" } ], "tuimiu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "epaulet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuimiu", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "epaulet", "en_short": "epaulet", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tuimiu#e17128", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuimiu#e16200" ], "id": "tuimiu", "category": "nouns" } ], "tunnoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tallow (of reindeer)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tunnoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tallow (of reindeer)", "en_short": "tallow (of reindeer)", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tunnoq#e17302", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tunnoq#e16387" ], "id": "tunnoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tuujuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "common ringed plover" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuujuk", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "common ringed plover", "en_short": "common ringed plover", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tuujuk#e17477", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuujuk#e16574" ], "id": "tuujuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "tyskeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a German person" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tyskeq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a German person", "da": "tysker", "da_short": "tysker", "en_short": "a German person", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tysker", "singular_definite": "tyskeren", "plural": "tyskere", "plural_definite": "tyskerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tyskeq#e17496", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tyskeq#e16593", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84852" ], "id": "tyskeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uaasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cradle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uaasoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cradle", "da": "vugge", "da_short": "vugge", "en_short": "cradle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vugge", "singular_definite": "vuggen", "plural": "vugger", "plural_definite": "vuggerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uaasoq#e17566", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uaasoq#e16605", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70297" ], "id": "uaasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uiffak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fern; bracken" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uiffak", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fern; bracken", "en_short": "fern; bracken", "da": "bregne", "da_short": "bregne", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bregne", "singular_definite": "bregnen", "plural": "bregner", "plural_definite": "bregnerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uiffak#e17638", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uiffak#e16674", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68918" ], "id": "uiffak", "category": "nouns" } ], "uiguut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "derivational suffix (grammar)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uiguut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "derivational suffix (grammar)", "en_short": "derivational suffix (grammar)", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uiguut#e17647", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uiguut#e16683" ], "id": "uiguut", "category": "nouns" } ], "uiluik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "scallop; oyster" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uiluik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows.", "English gives scallop, Danish gives oyster; SchultzLorentzen1927 explicitly lists both. Source-specific naming is retained without a taxonomic equivalence claim." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "scallop; oyster", "en_short": "scallop; oyster", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uiluik#e17653", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uiluik#e16693", "SchultzLorentzen1927:uiluik#e18988" ], "id": "uiluik", "category": "nouns" } ], "uissaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bridegroom; future husband" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uissaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bridegroom; future husband", "en_short": "bridegroom; future husband", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uissaq#e17684", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uissaq#e16724" ], "id": "uissaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ujagaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "object of a search" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ujagaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: ujagaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "object of a search", "en_short": "object of a search", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ujagaq#e17700", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujagaq#e16741", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "ujagaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ujoroq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sister's child; nephew or niece" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ujoroq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sister's child; nephew or niece", "da": "nevø (søstersøn); niece (søsterdatter)", "en_short": "sister's child; nephew or niece", "da_short": "nevø; niece", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ujoroq#e17746", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujoroq#e16788" ], "id": "ujoroq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ukkuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hide curtain" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ukkuaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hide curtain", "en_short": "hide curtain", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ukkuaq#e17816", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ukkuaq#e16855" ], "id": "ukkuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "unaqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sweetheart; boyfriend or girlfriend" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unaqut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sweetheart; boyfriend or girlfriend", "en_short": "sweetheart; boyfriend or girlfriend", "da": "kæreste", "da_short": "kæreste", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kæreste", "singular_definite": "kæresten", "plural": "kærester", "plural_definite": "kæresterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:unaqut#e18077", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unaqut#e17111", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.51216" ], "id": "unaqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ungaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "infant; youngest sibling" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ungaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "infant; youngest sibling", "en_short": "infant; youngest sibling", "da": "spædbarn; baby; den yngste i søskendeflokken", "da_short": "spædbarn; yngste i søskendeflokken", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ungaaq#e18093", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ungaaq#e17125" ], "id": "ungaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uniaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "something dragged behind one" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uniaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something dragged behind one", "en_short": "something dragged behind one", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uniaaq#e18152", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uniaaq#e17180" ], "id": "uniaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "unngoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wart" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unngoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wart", "da": "vorte", "da_short": "vorte", "en_short": "wart", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vorte", "singular_definite": "vorten", "plural": "vorter", "plural_definite": "vorterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:unngoq#e18220", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unngoq#e17249", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94920" ], "id": "unngoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uummaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fresh or green plant" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uummaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fresh or green plant", "en_short": "fresh or green plant", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uummaq#e18564", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uummaq#e17585" ], "id": "uummaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uuttoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "seal sunning itself on the ice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uuttoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "seal sunning itself on the ice", "en_short": "seal sunning itself on the ice", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uuttoq#e18603", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uuttoq#e17625" ], "id": "uuttoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "viinni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wine; bottle of wine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "viinni", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wine; bottle of wine", "en_short": "wine; bottle of wine", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:viinni#e18667", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:viinni#e17650" ], "id": "viinni", "category": "nouns" } ], "vikari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "substitute teacher; temporary worker" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "vikari", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "substitute teacher; temporary worker", "en_short": "substitute teacher; temporary worker", "da": "vikar", "da_short": "vikar", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vikar", "singular_definite": "vikaren", "plural": "vikarer", "plural_definite": "vikarerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:vikari#e18673", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:vikari#e17656", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79726" ], "id": "vikari", "category": "nouns" } ], "whisky": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "whisky" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "whisky", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "whisky", "da": "whisky", "da_short": "whisky", "en_short": "whisky", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "whisky", "singular_definite": "whiskyen", "plural": "whiskyer", "plural_definite": "whiskyerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:whisky#e18711", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:whisky#e17672", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94863" ], "id": "whisky", "category": "nouns" } ], "aalaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "movement; motion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aalaneq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "movement; motion", "en_short": "movement; motion", "da": "bevægelse", "da_short": "bevægelse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bevægelse", "singular_definite": "bevægelsen", "plural": "bevægelser", "plural_definite": "bevægelserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalaneq#e48", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalaneq#e50", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52648" ], "id": "aalaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aaqqiak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "friend" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaqqiak", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "friend", "en_short": "friend", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aaqqiak#e258", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaqqiak#e259" ], "id": "aaqqiak", "category": "nouns" } ], "aasarik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "high summer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aasarik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "high summer", "en_short": "high summer", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aasarik#e315", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasarik#e315" ], "id": "aasarik", "category": "nouns" } ], "aasivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "summer gathering place" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aasivik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "summer gathering place", "en_short": "summer gathering place", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aasivik#e328", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasivik#e328" ], "id": "aasivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "aattooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "something rich in blood" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aattooq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something rich in blood", "en_short": "something rich in blood", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aattooq#e363", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aattooq#e362" ], "id": "aattooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "adresse": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "address" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "adresse", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "address", "da": "adresse", "da_short": "adresse", "en_short": "address", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "adresse", "singular_definite": "adressen", "plural": "adresser", "plural_definite": "adresserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:adresse#e385", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:adresse#e383", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40746" ], "id": "adresse", "category": "nouns" } ], "adventi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Advent" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "adventi", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Advent", "en_short": "Advent", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:adventi#e386", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:adventi#e384" ], "id": "adventi", "category": "nouns" } ], "aggusti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "August" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aggusti", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "August", "en_short": "August", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aggusti#e420", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aggusti#e418" ], "id": "aggusti", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "something bad or evil" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajortoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something bad or evil", "en_short": "something bad or evil", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajortoq#e519", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajortoq#e516" ], "id": "ajortoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akerleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "opponent" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akerleq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "opponent", "en_short": "opponent", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akerleq#e601", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akerleq#e598" ], "id": "akerleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akissut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "answer; response" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akissut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "answer; response", "en_short": "answer; response", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akissut#e730", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akissut#e722" ], "id": "akissut", "category": "nouns" } ], "akornut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "obstacle; hindrance" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akornut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "obstacle; hindrance", "en_short": "obstacle; hindrance", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akornut#e791", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akornut#e782" ], "id": "akornut", "category": "nouns" } ], "akulaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crotch" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akulaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crotch", "da": "skræv", "da_short": "skræv", "en_short": "crotch", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skræv", "singular_definite": "skrævet", "plural": "skræv", "plural_definite": "skrævene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akulaaq#e821", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akulaaq#e810", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90925" ], "id": "akulaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akulleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the one in the middle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akulleq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the one in the middle", "en_short": "the one in the middle", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akulleq#e839", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akulleq#e828" ], "id": "akulleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akutsuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fog bank formed with a north wind" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akutsuk", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fog bank formed with a north wind", "en_short": "fog bank formed with a north wind", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akutsuk#e869", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akutsuk#e855" ], "id": "akutsuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "akuugaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mixture; alloy" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akuugaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: akuugaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mixture; alloy", "en_short": "mixture; alloy", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akuugaq#e877", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akuugaq#e864", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "akuugaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "albummi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "album" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "albummi", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "album", "en_short": "album", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:albummi#e904", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:albummi#e891" ], "id": "albummi", "category": "nouns" } ], "alerseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sock; stocking" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alerseq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sock; stocking", "en_short": "sock; stocking", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alerseq#e910", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alerseq#e897" ], "id": "alerseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "algebra": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "algebra" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "algebra", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "algebra", "en_short": "algebra", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:algebra#e911", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:algebra#e898" ], "id": "algebra", "category": "nouns" } ], "alinneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tear; rip; slit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alinneq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tear; rip; slit", "en_short": "tear; rip; slit", "da": "flænge", "da_short": "flænge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "flænge", "singular_definite": "flængen", "plural": "flænger", "plural_definite": "flængerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alinneq#e936", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alinneq#e922", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60659" ], "id": "alinneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "allalik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "something patterned, striped, flowered or checked", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:allalik:f794864195ad", "items": [ { "text": "something patterned, striped, flowered or checked", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:allalik#e1005", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allalik#e988" ], "rationale": "Oqaatsit1997 e1005 gives ‘mønstret blomstret ternet stribet’ and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts e988 says ‘patterned, for ex. striped, flowered, checked’. The adjectives after ‘patterned’ are explicitly examples of the single pattern category; they are not options." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allalik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something patterned, striped, flowered or checked", "en_short": "something patterned, striped, flowered or checked", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:allalik#e1005", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allalik#e988" ], "id": "allalik", "category": "nouns" } ], "allarut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "towel; dish towel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allarut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "towel; dish towel", "en_short": "towel; dish towel", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:allarut#e1042", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allarut#e1024" ], "id": "allarut", "category": "nouns" } ], "alligaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spear with a float" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alligaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: alligaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spear with a float", "en_short": "spear with a float", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alligaq#e1089", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alligaq#e1071", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "alligaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "alloreq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tent-door board" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alloreq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows.", "Danish and historical sources describe a board standing on edge at a tent entrance. English calls it a vertical pole; that description is not adopted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tent-door board", "en_short": "tent-door board", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alloreq#e1099", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alloreq#e1081", "Kleinschmidt1871:alloreq#e55" ], "id": "alloreq", "category": "nouns" } ], "amatoeri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "amateur" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amatøri", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows.", "Foreign-spelling loan form is retained exactly as labeled Kalaallisut in the paired sources; no orthographic adaptation rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "amateur", "en_short": "amateur", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amatøri#e1155", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amatøri#e1138" ], "id": "amatoeri", "category": "nouns" } ], "amigaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "goods in short supply" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amigaat", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "goods in short supply", "en_short": "goods in short supply", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amigaat#e1191", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amigaat#e1173" ], "id": "amigaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "amiigaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "skinned carcass" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amiigaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: amiigaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "skinned carcass", "en_short": "skinned carcass", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amiigaq#e1196", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amiigaq#e1178", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "amiigaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "amiisoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "painter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amiisoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "painter", "da": "maler", "da_short": "maler", "en_short": "painter", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "maler", "singular_definite": "maleren", "plural": "malere", "plural_definite": "malerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amiisoq#e1202", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amiisoq#e1184", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61092" ], "id": "amiisoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "amoorut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "winch for hauling vessels" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amoorut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "winch for hauling vessels", "en_short": "winch for hauling vessels", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amoorut#e1261", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amoorut#e1239" ], "id": "amoorut", "category": "nouns" } ], "amuagaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "steel or copper wire" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amuagaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: amuagaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "steel or copper wire", "en_short": "steel or copper wire", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amuagaq#e1264", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amuagaq#e1242", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "amuagaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "anaanaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mother" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anaanaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mother", "da": "mor; moder", "en_short": "mother", "da_short": "mor", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anaanaq#e1285", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anaanaq#e1262" ], "id": "anaanaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "anaataq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "club; cudgel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anaataq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "club; cudgel", "en_short": "club; cudgel", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anaataq#e1290", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anaataq#e1267" ], "id": "anaataq", "category": "nouns" } ], "anariaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a kind of fly" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anariaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a kind of fly", "en_short": "a kind of fly", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anariaq#e1296", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anariaq#e1272" ], "id": "anariaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "anarluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dirty glacier-calved ice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anarluk", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dirty glacier-calved ice", "en_short": "dirty glacier-calved ice", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anarluk#e1298", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anarluk#e1274" ], "id": "anarluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "anerneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "breath" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anerneq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "breath", "da": "ånde", "da_short": "ånde", "en_short": "breath", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ånde", "singular_definite": "ånden" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anerneq#e1312", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anerneq#e1287", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56946" ], "id": "anerneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "angajoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "older same-sex sibling" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angajoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "older same-sex sibling", "da": "storebror (til en dreng); storesøster (til en pige)", "en_short": "older same-sex sibling", "da_short": "storebror; storesøster", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angajoq#e1334", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angajoq#e1308" ], "id": "angajoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "angisoq_caribou": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "full-grown male caribou" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angisoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation form only. No productive derivation, declension class or inflectional stem alternation is admitted by these word rows.", "Lowercase animal sense is distinct from capitalized Angisoq weather-station name; neither capitalization nor surface resemblance establishes a derivation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "full-grown male caribou", "en_short": "full-grown male caribou", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angisoq#e1379", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angisoq#e1353" ], "id": "angisoq_caribou", "category": "nouns" } ], "apriili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "April" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "apriili", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "April", "en_short": "April", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:apriili#e1659", "Oqaatsit1997:apriili#e1688" ], "id": "apriili", "category": "nouns" } ], "atlassi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "atlas" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atlassi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "atlas", "en_short": "atlas", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atlassi#e2264", "Oqaatsit1997:atlassi#e2308" ], "id": "atlassi", "category": "nouns" } ], "basalti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "basalt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "basalti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "basalt", "da": "basalt", "da_short": "basalt", "en_short": "basalt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "basalt", "singular_definite": "basalten", "plural": "basalter", "plural_definite": "basalterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:basalti#e2591", "Oqaatsit1997:basalti#e2704", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73416" ], "id": "basalti", "category": "nouns" } ], "cementi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cement" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "cementi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cement", "en_short": "cement", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:cementi#e2669", "Oqaatsit1997:cementi#e2777" ], "id": "cementi", "category": "nouns" } ], "dollari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dollar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "dollari", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dollar", "da": "dollar", "da_short": "dollar", "en_short": "dollar", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "dollar", "singular_definite": "dollaren", "plural": [ "dollars", "dollar" ], "plural_definite": [ "dollarsene", "dollarene" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:dollari#e2736", "Oqaatsit1997:dollari#e2844", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43909" ], "id": "dollari", "category": "nouns" } ], "emblemi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "emblem" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "emblemi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "emblem", "da": "emblem", "da_short": "emblem", "en_short": "emblem", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "emblem", "singular_definite": "emblemet", "plural": "emblemer", "plural_definite": "emblemerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:emblemi#e2759", "Oqaatsit1997:emblemi#e2866", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62533" ], "id": "emblemi", "category": "nouns" } ], "gorilla": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "gorilla" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "gorilla", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gorilla", "da": "gorilla", "da_short": "gorilla", "en_short": "gorilla", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gorilla", "singular_definite": "gorillaen", "plural": "gorillaer", "plural_definite": "gorillaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:gorilla#e3262", "Oqaatsit1997:gorilla#e3369", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87299" ], "id": "gorilla", "category": "nouns" } ], "guitari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "guitar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "guitari", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "guitar", "da": "guitar", "da_short": "guitar", "en_short": "guitar", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "guitar", "singular_definite": "guitaren", "plural": "guitarer", "plural_definite": "guitarerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:guitari#e3272", "Oqaatsit1997:guitari#e3385", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65551" ], "id": "guitari", "category": "nouns" } ], "hangari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hangar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "hangari", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hangar", "da": "hangar", "da_short": "hangar", "en_short": "hangar", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hangar", "singular_definite": "hangaren", "plural": "hangarer", "plural_definite": "hangarerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:hangari#e3289", "Oqaatsit1997:hangari#e3437", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76979" ], "id": "hangari", "category": "nouns" } ], "heroini": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "heroin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "heroini", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "heroin", "en_short": "heroin", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:heroini#e3296", "Oqaatsit1997:heroini#e3444" ], "id": "heroini", "category": "nouns" } ], "ipaguaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fiber" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ipaguaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fiber", "da": "fiber", "da_short": "fiber", "en_short": "fiber", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fiber", "singular_definite": "fiberen", "plural": "fibre", "plural_definite": "fibrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ipaguaq#e4806", "Oqaatsit1997:ipaguaq#e4928", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60175" ], "id": "ipaguaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "jaguari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "jaguar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "jaguari", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "jaguar", "da": "jaguar", "da_short": "jaguar", "en_short": "jaguar", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "jaguar", "singular_definite": "jaguaren", "plural": "jaguarer", "plural_definite": "jaguarerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:jaguari#e5367", "Oqaatsit1997:jaguari#e5539", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72596" ], "id": "jaguari", "category": "nouns" } ], "juristi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "jurist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "juristi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "jurist", "da": "jurist", "da_short": "jurist", "en_short": "jurist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "jurist", "singular_definite": "juristen", "plural": "jurister", "plural_definite": "juristerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:juristi#e5381", "Oqaatsit1997:juristi#e5552", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64369" ], "id": "juristi", "category": "nouns" } ], "juujooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "yoyo" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "juujooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "yoyo", "da": "yoyo", "da_short": "yoyo", "en_short": "yoyo", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "yoyo", "singular_definite": "yoyoen", "plural": "yoyoer", "plural_definite": "yoyoerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:juujooq#e5382", "Oqaatsit1997:juujooq#e5553", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76368" ], "id": "juujooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "maajooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lemming" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "maajooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "Modern paired sense is admitted separately from wider historical descriptions; no etymology or historical inflection is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lemming", "da": "lemming", "da_short": "lemming", "en_short": "lemming", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lemming", "singular_definite": "lemmingen", "plural": "lemminger", "plural_definite": "lemmingerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:maajooq#e6745", "Oqaatsit1997:maajooq#e7131", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55194" ], "id": "maajooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "magneti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "magnet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "magneti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "magnet", "da": "magnet", "da_short": "magnet", "en_short": "magnet", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "magnet", "singular_definite": "magneten", "plural": "magneter", "plural_definite": "magneterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:magneti#e6791", "Oqaatsit1997:magneti#e7175", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.59118" ], "id": "magneti", "category": "nouns" } ], "malaria": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "malaria" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "malaria", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "malaria", "da": "malaria", "da_short": "malaria", "en_short": "malaria", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "malaria", "singular_definite": "malariaen" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:malaria#e6855", "Oqaatsit1997:malaria#e7243", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94474" ], "id": "malaria", "category": "nouns" } ], "martyri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "martyr" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "martyri", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "martyr", "da": "martyr", "da_short": "martyr", "en_short": "martyr", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "martyr", "singular_definite": "martyren", "plural": "martyrer", "plural_definite": "martyrerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:martyri#e7125", "Oqaatsit1997:martyri#e7521", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89585" ], "id": "martyri", "category": "nouns" } ], "mongoli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Mongol (person from Mongolia)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mongoli", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "Admit only the person-from-Mongolia sense. The dated disability label in the reverse index is not extended to this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Mongol (person from Mongolia)", "da": "mongol", "da_short": "mongol", "en_short": "Mongol (person from Mongolia)", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mongol", "singular_definite": "mongolen", "plural": "mongoler", "plural_definite": "mongolerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mongoli#e7513", "Oqaatsit1997:mongoli#e7914", "Ordbogen2003:mongol#e19790", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68308" ], "id": "mongoli", "category": "nouns" } ], "mormoni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Mormon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mormoni", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Mormon", "da": "mormon", "da_short": "mormon", "en_short": "Mormon", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mormon", "singular_definite": "mormonen", "plural": "mormoner", "plural_definite": "mormonerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mormoni#e7521", "Oqaatsit1997:mormoni#e7924", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77102" ], "id": "mormoni", "category": "nouns" } ], "motoori": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "motor" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "motoori", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "motor", "da": "motor", "da_short": "motor", "en_short": "motor", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "motor", "singular_definite": "motoren", "plural": "motorer", "plural_definite": "motorerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:motoori#e7527", "Oqaatsit1997:motoori#e7930", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42332" ], "id": "motoori", "category": "nouns" } ], "opiummi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "opium" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "opiummi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "opium", "en_short": "opium", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:opiummi#e9297", "Oqaatsit1997:opiummi#e9935" ], "id": "opiummi", "category": "nouns" } ], "patenti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "patent" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "patenti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "patent", "da": "patent", "da_short": "patent", "en_short": "patent", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "patent", "singular_definite": "patentet", "plural": "patenter", "plural_definite": "patenterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:patenti#e10010", "Oqaatsit1997:patenti#e10676", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65744" ], "id": "patenti", "category": "nouns" } ], "primusi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "primus" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "primusi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "primus", "en_short": "primus", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:primusi#e10987", "Oqaatsit1997:primusi#e11711" ], "id": "primusi", "category": "nouns" } ], "radiusi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "radius" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "radiusi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "radius", "da": "radius", "da_short": "radius", "en_short": "radius", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "radius", "singular_definite": [ "radien", "radiussen" ], "plural": [ "radier", "radiusser" ], "plural_definite": [ "radierne", "radiusserne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:radiusi#e13024", "Oqaatsit1997:radiusi#e13835", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.58833" ], "id": "radiusi", "category": "nouns" } ], "rituali": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ritual" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "rituali", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ritual", "da": "ritual", "da_short": "ritual", "en_short": "ritual", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ritual", "singular_definite": "ritualet", "plural": "ritualer", "plural_definite": "ritualerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:rituali#e13043", "Oqaatsit1997:rituali#e13854", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93451" ], "id": "rituali", "category": "nouns" } ], "saneraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "side" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saneraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: saneraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "side", "da": "side", "da_short": "side", "en_short": "side", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "side", "singular_definite": "siden", "plural": "sider", "plural_definite": "siderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saneraq#e13337", "Oqaatsit1997:saneraq#e14234", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43291" ], "id": "saneraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "siminti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cement" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siminti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "Modern paired rows attest cement. Historical English concrete is retained as a source-specific distinction, not equated with cement." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cement", "en_short": "cement", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siminti#e14050", "Oqaatsit1997:siminti#e14966" ], "id": "siminti", "category": "nouns" } ], "talanti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "talent (biblical monetary denomination)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "talanti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "talent (biblical monetary denomination)", "en_short": "talent (biblical monetary denomination)", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:talanti#e15200", "Oqaatsit1997:talanti#e16195" ], "id": "talanti", "category": "nouns" } ], "tiigeri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tiger" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tiigeri", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tiger", "da": "tiger", "da_short": "tiger", "en_short": "tiger", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tiger", "singular_definite": "tigeren", "plural": [ "tigre", "tigere" ], "plural_definite": [ "tigrene", "tigerne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tiigeri#e15743", "Oqaatsit1997:tiigeri#e16693", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64553" ], "id": "tiigeri", "category": "nouns" } ], "vikingi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "viking" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "vikingi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "viking", "da": "viking", "da_short": "viking", "en_short": "viking", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "viking", "singular_definite": "vikingen", "plural": "vikinger", "plural_definite": "vikingerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:vikingi#e17657", "Oqaatsit1997:vikingi#e18674", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98485" ], "id": "vikingi", "category": "nouns" } ], "admirali": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "admiral" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "admirali", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "admiral", "da": "admiral", "da_short": "admiral", "en_short": "admiral", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "admiral", "singular_definite": "admiralen", "plural": "admiraler", "plural_definite": "admiralerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:admirali#e382", "Oqaatsit1997:admirali#e384", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76687" ], "id": "admirali", "category": "nouns" } ], "avinngaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lemming" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "avinngaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "Modern paired sense is admitted separately from wider historical descriptions; no etymology or historical inflection is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lemming", "da": "lemming", "da_short": "lemming", "en_short": "lemming", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lemming", "singular_definite": "lemmingen", "plural": "lemminger", "plural_definite": "lemmingerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avinngaq#e2544", "Oqaatsit1997:avinngaq#e2604", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55194" ], "id": "avinngaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ballasti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ballast" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ballasti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ballast", "da": "ballast", "da_short": "ballast", "en_short": "ballast", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ballast", "singular_definite": "ballasten", "plural": "ballaster", "plural_definite": "ballasterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ballasti#e2576", "Oqaatsit1997:ballasti#e2690", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90996" ], "id": "ballasti", "category": "nouns" } ], "baptisti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Baptist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "baptisti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Baptist", "da": "baptist", "da_short": "baptist", "en_short": "Baptist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "baptist", "singular_definite": "baptisten", "plural": "baptister", "plural_definite": "baptisterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:baptisti#e2585", "Oqaatsit1997:baptisti#e2699", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93341" ], "id": "baptisti", "category": "nouns" } ], "celsiusi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Celsius" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "celsiusi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Celsius", "en_short": "Celsius", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:celsiusi#e2668", "Oqaatsit1997:celsiusi#e2776" ], "id": "celsiusi", "category": "nouns" } ], "eskimooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Eskimo" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eskimooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Eskimo", "da": "eskimo", "da_short": "eskimo", "en_short": "Eskimo", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "eskimo", "singular_definite": "eskimoen", "plural": "eskimoer", "plural_definite": "eskimoerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eskimooq#e3167", "Oqaatsit1997:eskimooq#e3270", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94520" ], "id": "eskimooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "generali": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "general" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "generali", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "general", "da": "general", "da_short": "general", "en_short": "general", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "general", "singular_definite": "generalen", "plural": "generaler", "plural_definite": "generalerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:generali#e3244", "Oqaatsit1997:generali#e3352", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74146" ], "id": "generali", "category": "nouns" } ], "kilisaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "trawler" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kilisaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "Modern paired sense is admitted separately from wider historical descriptions; no etymology or historical inflection is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "trawler", "da": "trawler", "da_short": "trawler", "en_short": "trawler", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "trawler", "singular_definite": "trawleren", "plural": "trawlere", "plural_definite": "trawlerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kilisaat#e6037", "Oqaatsit1997:kilisaat#e6298", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73996" ], "id": "kilisaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "musliimi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Muslim" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "musliimi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Muslim", "da": "muslim", "da_short": "muslim", "en_short": "Muslim", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "muslim", "singular_definite": "muslimen", "plural": "muslimer", "plural_definite": "muslimerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:musliimi#e7547", "Oqaatsit1997:musliimi#e7952", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75284" ], "id": "musliimi", "category": "nouns" } ], "napparut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mast" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "napparut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "Modern paired sense is admitted separately from wider historical descriptions; no etymology or historical inflection is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mast", "da": "mast", "da_short": "mast", "en_short": "mast", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mast", "singular_definite": "masten", "plural": "master", "plural_definite": "masterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:napparut#e8309", "Oqaatsit1997:napparut#e8798", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84651" ], "id": "napparut", "category": "nouns" } ], "officeri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "officer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "officeri", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "officer", "da": "officer", "da_short": "officer", "en_short": "officer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "officer", "singular_definite": "officeren", "plural": "officerer", "plural_definite": "officererne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:officeri#e9274", "Oqaatsit1997:officeri#e9912", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95007" ], "id": "officeri", "category": "nouns" } ], "omeletti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "omelet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "omeletti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "omelet", "en_short": "omelet", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:omeletti#e9281", "Oqaatsit1997:omeletti#e9919" ], "id": "omeletti", "category": "nouns" } ], "papyrusi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "papyrus" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "papyrusi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "papyrus", "da": "papyrus", "da_short": "papyrus", "en_short": "papyrus", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "papyrus", "singular_definite": "papyrussen", "plural": [ "papyrusser", "papyrus" ], "plural_definite": [ "papyrusserne", "papyrussene" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:papyrusi#e9957", "Oqaatsit1997:papyrusi#e10616", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77587" ], "id": "papyrusi", "category": "nouns" } ], "silasiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "barometer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "silasiut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "barometer", "da": "barometer", "da_short": "barometer", "en_short": "barometer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "barometer", "singular_definite": [ "barometret", "barometeret" ], "plural": "barometre", "plural_definite": "barometrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:silasiut#e13978", "Oqaatsit1997:silasiut#e14896", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86712" ], "id": "silasiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "trawleri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "trawler" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "trawleri", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "trawler", "da": "trawler", "da_short": "trawler", "en_short": "trawler", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "trawler", "singular_definite": "trawleren", "plural": "trawlere", "plural_definite": "trawlerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:trawleri#e16161", "Oqaatsit1997:trawleri#e17092", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73996" ], "id": "trawleri", "category": "nouns" } ], "uniformi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "uniform" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uniformi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "uniform", "da": "uniform", "da_short": "uniform", "en_short": "uniform", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "uniform", "singular_definite": "uniformen", "plural": "uniformer", "plural_definite": "uniformerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uniformi#e17188", "Oqaatsit1997:uniformi#e18160", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.59966" ], "id": "uniformi", "category": "nouns" } ], "vitamini": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vitamin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "vitamini", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vitamin", "da": "vitamin", "da_short": "vitamin", "en_short": "vitamin", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vitamin", "singular_definite": "vitaminet", "plural": "vitaminer", "plural_definite": "vitaminerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:vitamini#e17661", "Oqaatsit1997:vitamini#e18678", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74476" ], "id": "vitamini", "category": "nouns" } ], "weekendi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "weekend" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "weekendi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "weekend", "da": "weekend", "da_short": "weekend", "en_short": "weekend", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "weekend", "singular_definite": "weekenden", "plural": "weekender", "plural_definite": "weekenderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:weekendi#e17671", "Oqaatsit1997:weekendi#e18710", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.46655" ], "id": "weekendi", "category": "nouns" } ], "agguaaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "division (arithmetic)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "agguaaneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "division (arithmetic)", "da": "division", "da_short": "division", "en_short": "division (arithmetic)", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "division", "singular_definite": "divisionen", "plural": "divisioner", "plural_definite": "divisionerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:agguaaneq#e406", "Oqaatsit1997:agguaaneq#e408", "Ordbogen2003:division#e5056", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.47210" ], "id": "agguaaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ambulance": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ambulance" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ambulance", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ambulance", "da": "ambulance", "da_short": "ambulance", "en_short": "ambulance", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ambulance", "singular_definite": "ambulancen", "plural": "ambulancer", "plural_definite": "ambulancerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ambulance#e1141", "Oqaatsit1997:ambulance#e1158", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55103" ], "id": "ambulance", "category": "nouns" } ], "bungalowi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bungalow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "bungalowi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bungalow", "da": "bungalow", "da_short": "bungalow", "en_short": "bungalow", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bungalow", "singular_definite": "bungalowen", "plural": "bungalower", "plural_definite": "bungalowerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:bungalowi#e2652", "Oqaatsit1997:bungalowi#e2761", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87116" ], "id": "bungalowi", "category": "nouns" } ], "champagne": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "champagne" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "champagne", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "champagne", "da": "champagne", "da_short": "champagne", "en_short": "champagne", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "champagne", "singular_definite": "champagnen", "plural": "champagner", "plural_definite": "champagnerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:champagne#e2676", "Oqaatsit1997:champagne#e2784", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86126" ], "id": "champagne", "category": "nouns" } ], "computeri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "computer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "computeri", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "computer", "da": "computer", "da_short": "computer", "en_short": "computer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "computer", "singular_definite": "computeren", "plural": "computere", "plural_definite": "computerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:computeri#e2688", "Oqaatsit1997:computeri#e2796", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63924" ], "id": "computeri", "category": "nouns" } ], "cylinderi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cylinder" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "cylinderi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cylinder", "da": "cylinder", "da_short": "cylinder", "en_short": "cylinder", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "cylinder", "singular_definite": "cylinderen", "plural": [ "cylindre", "cylindere" ], "plural_definite": [ "cylindrene", "cylinderne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:cylinderi#e2693", "Oqaatsit1997:cylinderi#e2801", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75593" ], "id": "cylinderi", "category": "nouns" } ], "decembari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "December" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "decembari", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "December", "en_short": "December", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:decembari#e2703", "Oqaatsit1997:decembari#e2815" ], "id": "decembari", "category": "nouns" } ], "diagrammi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "diagram" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "diagrammi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "diagram", "en_short": "diagram", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:diagrammi#e2711", "Oqaatsit1997:diagrammi#e2824" ], "id": "diagrammi", "category": "nouns" } ], "diameteri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "diameter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "diameteri", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "diameter", "da": "diameter", "da_short": "diameter", "en_short": "diameter", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "diameter", "singular_definite": "diameteren", "plural": "diametre", "plural_definite": "diametrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:diameteri#e2715", "Oqaatsit1997:diameteri#e2827", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62346" ], "id": "diameteri", "category": "nouns" } ], "elevatori": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "elevator" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "elevatori", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "elevator", "da": "elevator", "da_short": "elevator", "en_short": "elevator", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "elevator", "singular_definite": "elevatoren", "plural": "elevatorer", "plural_definite": "elevatorerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:elevatori#e2756", "Oqaatsit1997:elevatori#e2863", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77634" ], "id": "elevatori", "category": "nouns" } ], "heliporti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "heliport" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "heliporti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "heliport", "da": "heliport", "da_short": "heliport", "en_short": "heliport", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "heliport", "singular_definite": "heliporten", "plural": [ "heliporte", "heliports" ], "plural_definite": "heliportene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:heliporti#e3295", "Oqaatsit1997:heliporti#e3443", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61315" ], "id": "heliporti", "category": "nouns" } ], "linoleumi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "linoleum" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "linoleumi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "linoleum", "da": "linoleum", "da_short": "linoleum", "en_short": "linoleum", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "linoleum", "singular_definite": "linoleummet" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:linoleumi#e6727", "Oqaatsit1997:linoleumi#e7066", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98815" ], "id": "linoleumi", "category": "nouns" } ], "margarine": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "margarine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "margarine", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "margarine", "en_short": "margarine", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:margarine#e7063", "Oqaatsit1997:margarine#e7460" ], "id": "margarine", "category": "nouns" } ], "novembari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "November" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "novembari", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "November", "en_short": "November", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:novembari#e8940", "Oqaatsit1997:novembari#e9482" ], "id": "novembari", "category": "nouns" } ], "organisti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "organist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "organisti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "organist", "da": "organist", "da_short": "organist", "en_short": "organist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "organist", "singular_definite": "organisten", "plural": "organister", "plural_definite": "organisterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:organisti#e9584", "Oqaatsit1997:organisti#e10217", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64629" ], "id": "organisti", "category": "nouns" } ], "partisani": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "partisan (resistance fighter)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "partisani", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "partisan (resistance fighter)", "da": "partisan", "da_short": "partisan", "en_short": "partisan (resistance fighter)", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "partisan", "singular_definite": "partisanen", "plural": "partisaner", "plural_definite": "partisanerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:partisani#e9988", "Oqaatsit1997:partisani#e10648", "Ordbogen2003:partisan#e22512", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.96539" ], "id": "partisani", "category": "nouns" } ], "plastikki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "plastic" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "plastikki", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "plastic", "en_short": "plastic", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:plastikki#e10939", "Oqaatsit1997:plastikki#e11662" ], "id": "plastikki", "category": "nouns" } ], "qamutilik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cannon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qamutilik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "Modern English row retains untranslated kanon; exact historical and WordList English rows establish cannon. Historical sledge-owner sense and productive derivation are not admitted here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cannon", "en_short": "cannon", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qamutilik#e11674", "Oqaatsit1997:qamutilik#e12439", "WordList2018:cannon#e495" ], "id": "qamutilik", "category": "nouns" } ], "qullunneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fold (in paper; fabric; etc. )" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qullunneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fold (in paper; fabric; etc. )", "en_short": "fold (in paper; fabric; etc. )", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qullunneq#e12869", "Oqaatsit1997:qullunneq#e13647" ], "id": "qullunneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "religioni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "religion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "religioni", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "religion", "da": "religion", "da_short": "religion", "en_short": "religion", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "religion", "singular_definite": "religionen", "plural": "religioner", "plural_definite": "religionerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:religioni#e13035", "Oqaatsit1997:religioni#e13846", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65580" ], "id": "religioni", "category": "nouns" } ], "spaghetti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spaghetti" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "spaghetti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spaghetti", "da": "spaghetti", "da_short": "spaghetti", "en_short": "spaghetti", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "spaghetti", "singular_definite": "spaghettien", "plural": [ "spaghettier", "spaghetti" ], "plural_definite": [ "spaghettierne", "spaghettiene" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:spaghetti#e14537", "Oqaatsit1997:spaghetti#e15465", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72543" ], "id": "spaghetti", "category": "nouns" } ], "vaseliina": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vaseline" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "vaseliina", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vaseline", "da": "vaseline", "da_short": "vaseline", "en_short": "vaseline", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vaseline", "singular_definite": "vaselinen", "plural": "vaseliner", "plural_definite": "vaselinerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:vaseliina#e17638", "Oqaatsit1997:vaseliina#e18655", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.88411" ], "id": "vaseliina", "category": "nouns" } ], "vermouthi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vermouth" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "vermouthi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vermouth", "da": "vermouth", "da_short": "vermouth", "en_short": "vermouth", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vermouth", "singular_definite": "vermouthen", "plural": "vermouther", "plural_definite": "vermoutherne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:vermouthi#e17643", "Oqaatsit1997:vermouthi#e18660", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84641" ], "id": "vermouthi", "category": "nouns" } ], "apersuineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "interview" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "apersuineq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "interview", "da": "interview", "da_short": "interview", "en_short": "interview", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "interview", "singular_definite": "interviewet", "plural": [ "interviews", "interview" ], "plural_definite": "interviewene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:apersuineq#e1626", "Oqaatsit1997:apersuineq#e1655", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.47315" ], "id": "apersuineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "badmintoni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "badminton" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "badmintoni", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "badminton", "da": "badminton", "da_short": "badminton", "en_short": "badminton", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "badminton", "singular_definite": "badmintonen" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:badmintoni#e2570", "Oqaatsit1997:badmintoni#e2684", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80028" ], "id": "badmintoni", "category": "nouns" } ], "bulldozeri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bulldozer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "bulldozeri", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bulldozer", "da": "bulldozer", "da_short": "bulldozer", "en_short": "bulldozer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bulldozer", "singular_definite": "bulldozeren", "plural": "bulldozere", "plural_definite": "bulldozerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:bulldozeri#e2649", "Oqaatsit1997:bulldozeri#e2758", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93432" ], "id": "bulldozeri", "category": "nouns" } ], "centrifuge": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "centrifuge" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "centrifuge", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "centrifuge", "da": "centrifuge", "da_short": "centrifuge", "en_short": "centrifuge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "centrifuge", "singular_definite": "centrifugen", "plural": "centrifuger", "plural_definite": "centrifugerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:centrifuge#e2674", "Oqaatsit1997:centrifuge#e2782", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87385" ], "id": "centrifuge", "category": "nouns" } ], "generatori": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "generator" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "generatori", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "generator", "da": "generator", "da_short": "generator", "en_short": "generator", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "generator", "singular_definite": "generatoren", "plural": "generatorer", "plural_definite": "generatorerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:generatori#e3245", "Oqaatsit1997:generatori#e3353", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68084" ], "id": "generatori", "category": "nouns" } ], "glyceriina": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "glycerin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "glyceriina", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "glycerin", "da": "glycerin", "da_short": "glycerin", "en_short": "glycerin", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "glycerin", "singular_definite": "glycerinen" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:glyceriina#e3257", "Oqaatsit1997:glyceriina#e3365", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57343" ], "id": "glyceriina", "category": "nouns" } ], "inuusaliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "statue" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inuusaliaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "statue", "da": "statue", "da_short": "statue", "en_short": "statue", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "statue", "singular_definite": "statuen", "plural": "statuer", "plural_definite": "statuerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inuusaliaq#e4776", "Oqaatsit1997:inuusaliaq#e4897", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93556" ], "id": "inuusaliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "isumasiuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "definition (of a word)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isumasiuut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "definition (of a word)", "da": "definition", "da_short": "definition", "en_short": "definition (of a word)", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "definition", "singular_definite": "definitionen", "plural": "definitioner", "plural_definite": "definitionerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isumasiuut#e5221", "Oqaatsit1997:isumasiuut#e5362", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84557" ], "id": "isumasiuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "katitsineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "addition" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "katitsineq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "addition", "da": "addition", "da_short": "addition", "en_short": "addition", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "addition", "singular_definite": "additionen", "plural": "additioner", "plural_definite": "additionerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:katitsineq#e5838", "Oqaatsit1997:katitsineq#e6089", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74245" ], "id": "katitsineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "makkariina": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "margarine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "makkariina", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "margarine", "en_short": "margarine", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:makkariina#e6841", "Oqaatsit1997:makkariina#e7230" ], "id": "makkariina", "category": "nouns" } ], "mandoliina": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mandolin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mandoliina", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mandolin", "da": "mandolin", "da_short": "mandolin", "en_short": "mandolin", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mandolin", "singular_definite": "mandolinen", "plural": "mandoliner", "plural_definite": "mandolinerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mandoliina#e6964", "Oqaatsit1997:mandoliina#e7356", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69915" ], "id": "mandoliina", "category": "nouns" } ], "milakulaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "leopard" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milakulaaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "leopard", "da": "leopard", "da_short": "leopard", "en_short": "leopard", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "leopard", "singular_definite": "leoparden", "plural": "leoparder", "plural_definite": "leoparderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milakulaaq#e7323", "Oqaatsit1997:milakulaaq#e7723", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68837" ], "id": "milakulaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "polyesteri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "polyester" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "polyesteri", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "polyester", "en_short": "polyester", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:polyesteri#e10954", "Oqaatsit1997:polyesteri#e11676" ], "id": "polyesteri", "category": "nouns" } ], "professori": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "professor" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "professori", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "professor", "da": "professor", "da_short": "professor", "en_short": "professor", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "professor", "singular_definite": "professoren", "plural": "professorer", "plural_definite": "professorerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:professori#e10994", "Oqaatsit1997:professori#e11718", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41061" ], "id": "professori", "category": "nouns" } ], "propaganda": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "propaganda" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "propaganda", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "propaganda", "da": "propaganda", "da_short": "propaganda", "en_short": "propaganda", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "propaganda", "singular_definite": "propagandaen" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:propaganda#e10998", "Oqaatsit1997:propaganda#e11722", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70337" ], "id": "propaganda", "category": "nouns" } ], "sarfaliuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "generator" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sarfaliuut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "generator", "da": "generator", "da_short": "generator", "en_short": "generator", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "generator", "singular_definite": "generatoren", "plural": "generatorer", "plural_definite": "generatorerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sarfaliuut#e13518", "Oqaatsit1997:sarfaliuut#e14428", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68084" ], "id": "sarfaliuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "septembari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "September" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "septembari", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "September", "en_short": "September", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:septembari#e13643", "Oqaatsit1997:septembari#e14553" ], "id": "septembari", "category": "nouns" } ], "socialisti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "socialist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "socialisti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "socialist", "da": "socialist", "da_short": "socialist", "en_short": "socialist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "socialist", "singular_definite": "socialisten", "plural": "socialister", "plural_definite": "socialisterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:socialisti#e14448", "Oqaatsit1997:socialisti#e15372", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61290" ], "id": "socialisti", "category": "nouns" } ], "sulorarneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "badminton" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sulorarneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "badminton", "da": "badminton", "da_short": "badminton", "en_short": "badminton", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "badminton", "singular_definite": "badmintonen" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sulorarneq#e14762", "Oqaatsit1997:sulorarneq#e15688", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80028" ], "id": "sulorarneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "telegrammi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "telegram" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "telegrammi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "telegram", "en_short": "telegram", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:telegrammi#e15642", "Oqaatsit1997:telegrammi#e16606" ], "id": "telegrammi", "category": "nouns" } ], "tuggortooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rasp (a kind of file)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuggortooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rasp (a kind of file)", "en_short": "rasp (a kind of file)", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuggortooq#e16194", "Oqaatsit1997:tuggortooq#e17122" ], "id": "tuggortooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tuniniaasi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "agent" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuniniaasi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "agent", "da": "agent", "da_short": "agent", "en_short": "agent", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "agent", "singular_definite": "agenten", "plural": "agenter", "plural_definite": "agenterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuniniaasi#e16354", "Oqaatsit1997:tuniniaasi#e17274", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74847" ], "id": "tuniniaasi", "category": "nouns" } ], "unngiaasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "barber" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unngiaasoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "barber", "da": "barber", "da_short": "barber", "en_short": "barber", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "barber", "singular_definite": "barberen", "plural": "barberer", "plural_definite": "barbererne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unngiaasoq#e17245", "Oqaatsit1997:unngiaasoq#e18215", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.54746" ], "id": "unngiaasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "assiliartaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "illustration" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assiliartaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "illustration", "da": "illustration", "da_short": "illustration", "en_short": "illustration", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "illustration", "singular_definite": "illustrationen", "plural": "illustrationer", "plural_definite": "illustrationerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assiliartaq#e2078", "Oqaatsit1997:assiliartaq#e2117", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82698" ], "id": "assiliartaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilangaaqqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "supplement" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilangaaqqut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "supplement", "en_short": "supplement", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilangaaqqut#e3706", "Oqaatsit1997:ilangaaqqut#e3836" ], "id": "ilangaaqqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "journalisti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "journalist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "journalisti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "journalist", "da": "journalist", "da_short": "journalist", "en_short": "journalist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "journalist", "singular_definite": "journalisten", "plural": "journalister", "plural_definite": "journalisterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:journalisti#e5377", "Oqaatsit1997:journalisti#e5550", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52959" ], "id": "journalisti", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaavikulooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "polka" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaavikulooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "polka", "da": "polka", "da_short": "polka", "en_short": "polka", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "polka", "singular_definite": "polkaen", "plural": "polkaer", "plural_definite": "polkaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaavikulooq#e5481", "Oqaatsit1997:kaavikulooq#e5684", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.66944" ], "id": "kaavikulooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "narlumukaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lemming" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "narlumukaaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lemming", "da": "lemming", "da_short": "lemming", "en_short": "lemming", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lemming", "singular_definite": "lemmingen", "plural": "lemminger", "plural_definite": "lemmingerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:narlumukaaq#e8365", "Oqaatsit1997:narlumukaaq#e8857", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55194" ], "id": "narlumukaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "penicillini": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "penicillin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "penicillini", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "penicillin", "en_short": "penicillin", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:penicillini#e10065", "Oqaatsit1997:penicillini#e10741" ], "id": "penicillini", "category": "nouns" } ], "pilersaarut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "plan" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pilersaarut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "plan", "en_short": "plan", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pilersaarut#e10452", "Oqaatsit1997:pilersaarut#e11145" ], "id": "pilersaarut", "category": "nouns" } ], "seqquluttoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "raisin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "seqquluttoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "English modern row says rosin, conflicting with Danish rosin (raisin); historical English explicitly says raisin. Resin/rosin sense is not admitted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "raisin", "en_short": "raisin", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:seqquluttoq#e13687", "Oqaatsit1997:seqquluttoq#e14596", "SchultzLorentzen1927:seqquluttoq#e15570" ], "id": "seqquluttoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ungasorsuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stork" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ungasorsuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stork", "da": "stork", "da_short": "stork", "en_short": "stork", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "stork", "singular_definite": "storken", "plural": "storke", "plural_definite": "storkene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ungasorsuaq#e17156", "Oqaatsit1997:ungasorsuaq#e18126", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68163" ], "id": "ungasorsuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "volleyballi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "volleyball" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "volleyballi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "volleyball", "en_short": "volleyball", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:volleyballi#e17664", "Oqaatsit1997:volleyballi#e18681" ], "id": "volleyballi", "category": "nouns" } ], "aaqanngitsoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vest" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaqanngitsoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vest", "en_short": "vest", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaqanngitsoq#e253", "Oqaatsit1997:aaqanngitsoq#e252" ], "id": "aaqanngitsoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "alanngersaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "parasol" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alanngersaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "parasol", "en_short": "parasol", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alanngersaat#e878", "Oqaatsit1997:alanngersaat#e891" ], "id": "alanngersaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "anersaartuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "respirator" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anersaartuut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "respirator", "da": "respirator", "da_short": "respirator", "en_short": "respirator", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "respirator", "singular_definite": "respiratoren", "plural": "respiratorer", "plural_definite": "respiratorerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anersaartuut#e1300", "Oqaatsit1997:anersaartuut#e1326", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.53550" ], "id": "anersaartuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "atorfeqarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "institution" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atorfeqarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "institution", "da": "institution", "da_short": "institution", "en_short": "institution", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "institution", "singular_definite": "institutionen", "plural": "institutioner", "plural_definite": "institutionerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atorfeqarfik#e2274", "Oqaatsit1997:atorfeqarfik#e2318", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.51660" ], "id": "atorfeqarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "illusisarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hotel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illusisarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hotel", "en_short": "hotel", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illusisarfik#e4040", "Oqaatsit1997:illusisarfik#e4159" ], "id": "illusisarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kuseriartaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pipette" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kuseriartaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pipette", "da": "pipette", "da_short": "pipette", "en_short": "pipette", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pipette", "singular_definite": "pipetten", "plural": "pipetter", "plural_definite": "pipetterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kuseriartaat#e6621", "Oqaatsit1997:kuseriartaat#e6900", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77853" ], "id": "kuseriartaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "nivaatarsuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bulldozer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nivaatarsuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bulldozer", "da": "bulldozer", "da_short": "bulldozer", "en_short": "bulldozer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bulldozer", "singular_definite": "bulldozeren", "plural": "bulldozere", "plural_definite": "bulldozerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nivaatarsuaq#e8877", "Oqaatsit1997:nivaatarsuaq#e9410", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93432" ], "id": "nivaatarsuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sangusaarneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "slalom" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sangusaarneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "slalom", "en_short": "slalom", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sangusaarneq#e13350", "Oqaatsit1997:sangusaarneq#e14247" ], "id": "sangusaarneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aviisiliortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "journalist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aviisiliortoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "journalist", "da": "journalist", "da_short": "journalist", "en_short": "journalist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "journalist", "singular_definite": "journalisten", "plural": "journalister", "plural_definite": "journalisterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aviisiliortoq#e2534", "Oqaatsit1997:aviisiliortoq#e2593", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52959" ], "id": "aviisiliortoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "iivangkilisti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "evangelist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iivangkilisti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "evangelist", "da": "evangelist", "da_short": "evangelist", "en_short": "evangelist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "evangelist", "singular_definite": "evangelisten", "plural": "evangelister", "plural_definite": "evangelisterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iivangkilisti#e3450", "Oqaatsit1997:iivangkilisti#e3592", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92410" ], "id": "iivangkilisti", "category": "nouns" } ], "inuusuttuaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "teenager" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inuusuttuaraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: inuusuttuaraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "teenager", "da": "teenager", "da_short": "teenager", "en_short": "teenager", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "teenager", "singular_definite": "teenageren", "plural": "teenagere", "plural_definite": "teenagerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inuusuttuaraq#e4792", "Oqaatsit1997:inuusuttuaraq#e4913", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.99129" ], "id": "inuusuttuaraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "manngertorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rust" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "manngertorneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rust", "da": "rust", "da_short": "rust", "en_short": "rust", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rust", "singular_definite": "rusten" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:manngertorneq#e7020", "Oqaatsit1997:manngertorneq#e7416", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84375" ], "id": "manngertorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "oqimaaloqutaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ballast" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqimaaloqutaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: oqimaaloqutaq has a literal single consonant in -utaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and t becomes tt before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ballast", "da": "ballast", "da_short": "ballast", "en_short": "ballast", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ballast", "singular_definite": "ballasten", "plural": "ballaster", "plural_definite": "ballasterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "t", "to": "tt" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqimaaloqutaq#e9511", "Oqaatsit1997:oqimaaloqutaq#e10142", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90996" ], "id": "oqimaaloqutaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "suliffeqarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "institution" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "suliffeqarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "institution", "en_short": "institution", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:suliffeqarfik#e14691", "Oqaatsit1997:suliffeqarfik#e15615" ], "id": "suliffeqarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "nalunaarasuaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "telegram" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalunaarasuaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "telegram", "en_short": "telegram", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nalunaarasuaat#e8130", "Oqaatsit1997:nalunaarasuaat#e8606" ], "id": "nalunaarasuaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "neriniartarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "restaurant" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "neriniartarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "restaurant", "da": "restaurant", "da_short": "restaurant", "en_short": "restaurant", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "restaurant", "singular_definite": "restauranten", "plural": "restauranter", "plural_definite": "restauranterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:neriniartarfik#e8516", "Oqaatsit1997:neriniartarfik#e9020", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52929" ], "id": "neriniartarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "pilersaarusiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "plan" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pilersaarusiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "plan", "en_short": "plan", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pilersaarusiaq#e10450", "Oqaatsit1997:pilersaarusiaq#e11143" ], "id": "pilersaarusiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qeriuaannartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "permafrost" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qeriuaannartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "permafrost", "da": "permafrost", "da_short": "permafrost", "en_short": "permafrost", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "permafrost", "singular_definite": "permafrosten" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qeriuaannartoq#e12111", "Oqaatsit1997:qeriuaannartoq#e12887", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78207" ], "id": "qeriuaannartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tusagassiortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "journalist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tusagassiortoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "journalist", "da": "journalist", "da_short": "journalist", "en_short": "journalist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "journalist", "singular_definite": "journalisten", "plural": "journalister", "plural_definite": "journalisterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tusagassiortoq#e16485", "Oqaatsit1997:tusagassiortoq#e17388", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52959" ], "id": "tusagassiortoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "administrationi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "administration" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "administrationi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "administration", "da": "administration", "da_short": "administration", "en_short": "administration", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "administration", "singular_definite": "administrationen", "plural": "administrationer", "plural_definite": "administrationerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:administrationi#e381", "Oqaatsit1997:administrationi#e383", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.58636" ], "id": "administrationi", "category": "nouns" } ], "katersugaasivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "museum" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "katersugaasivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "museum", "en_short": "museum", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:katersugaasivik#e5809", "Oqaatsit1997:katersugaasivik#e6055" ], "id": "katersugaasivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "inatsisileritooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "jurist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inatsisileritooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "jurist", "da": "jurist", "da_short": "jurist", "en_short": "jurist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "jurist", "singular_definite": "juristen", "plural": "jurister", "plural_definite": "juristerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inatsisileritooq#e4432", "Oqaatsit1997:inatsisileritooq#e4546", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64369" ], "id": "inatsisileritooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "upperisarsiorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "religion (as a course in school)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "upperisarsiorneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "religion (as a course in school)", "en_short": "religion (as a course in school)", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:upperisarsiorneq#e17325", "Oqaatsit1997:upperisarsiorneq#e18301" ], "id": "upperisarsiorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "neriulluarniartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "optimist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "neriulluarniartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "optimist", "da": "optimist", "da_short": "optimist", "en_short": "optimist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "optimist", "singular_definite": "optimisten", "plural": "optimister", "plural_definite": "optimisterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:neriulluarniartoq#e8530", "Oqaatsit1997:neriulluarniartoq#e9035", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75761" ], "id": "neriulluarniartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qularinninniartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pessimist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qularinninniartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pessimist", "da": "pessimist", "da_short": "pessimist", "en_short": "pessimist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pessimist", "singular_definite": "pessimisten", "plural": "pessimister", "plural_definite": "pessimisterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qularinninniartoq#e12804", "Oqaatsit1997:qularinninniartoq#e13581", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.59269" ], "id": "qularinninniartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "isumassarsisitaaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "inspiration" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isumassarsisitaaneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "inspiration", "da": "inspiration", "da_short": "inspiration", "en_short": "inspiration", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "inspiration", "singular_definite": "inspirationen", "plural": "inspirationer", "plural_definite": "inspirationerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isumassarsisitaaneq#e5231", "Oqaatsit1997:isumassarsisitaaneq#e5372", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.50143" ], "id": "isumassarsisitaaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "isumatsassimangaarneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "depression" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isumatsassimangaarneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "depression", "da": "depression", "da_short": "depression", "en_short": "depression", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "depression", "singular_definite": "depressionen", "plural": "depressioner", "plural_definite": "depressionerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isumatsassimangaarneq#e5238", "Oqaatsit1997:isumatsassimangaarneq#e5382", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.85028" ], "id": "isumatsassimangaarneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "iivangkiiliulersaartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "evangelist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iivangkiiliulersaartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "evangelist", "da": "evangelist", "da_short": "evangelist", "en_short": "evangelist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "evangelist", "singular_definite": "evangelisten", "plural": "evangelister", "plural_definite": "evangelisterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iivangkiiliulersaartoq#e3449", "Oqaatsit1997:iivangkiiliulersaartoq#e3591", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92410" ], "id": "iivangkiiliulersaartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aalisaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fishing line" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aalisaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fishing line", "da": "fiskesnøre", "da_short": "fiskesnøre", "en_short": "fishing line", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fiskesnøre", "singular_definite": "fiskesnøren", "plural": "fiskesnører", "plural_definite": "fiskesnørerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalisaat#e78", "Oqaatsit1997:aalisaat#e77", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aalisaat#e2766", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90032" ], "id": "aalisaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "aappersariaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "consonant" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aappersariaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "consonant", "en_short": "consonant", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappersariaq#e241", "Oqaatsit1997:aappersariaq#e241", "WordList2018:consonant#e752" ], "id": "aappersariaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "assakaasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wheel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assakaasoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wheel", "da": "hjul", "da_short": "hjul", "en_short": "wheel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hjul", "singular_definite": "hjulet", "plural": "hjul", "plural_definite": "hjulene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assakaasoq#e2020", "Oqaatsit1997:assakaasoq#e2061", "SchultzLorentzen1927:assakaasoq#e148", "WordList2018:wheel#e4125", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40860" ], "id": "assakaasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "assiliivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "camera" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assiliivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "camera", "en_short": "camera", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assiliivik#e2081", "Oqaatsit1997:assiliivik#e2120", "WordList2018:camera#e485" ], "id": "assiliivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "avalequtinnguaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "twig" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "avalequtinnguaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "twig", "da": "kvist", "da_short": "kvist", "en_short": "twig", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kvist", "singular_definite": "kvisten", "plural": "kviste", "plural_definite": "kvistene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avalequtinnguaq#e2484", "Oqaatsit1997:avalequtinnguaq#e2540", "WordList2018:twig#e3926", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60193" ], "id": "avalequtinnguaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "avataarsualiartaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "space ship" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "avataarsualiartaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "space ship", "da": "rumskib", "da_short": "rumskib", "en_short": "space ship", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rumskib", "singular_definite": "rumskibet", "plural": "rumskibe", "plural_definite": "rumskibene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avataarsualiartaat#e2515", "Oqaatsit1997:avataarsualiartaat#e2571", "WordList2018:space ship#e3427", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84527" ], "id": "avataarsualiartaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "avataarsualiartartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "astronaut" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "avataarsualiartartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "astronaut", "en_short": "astronaut", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avataarsualiartartoq#e2516", "Oqaatsit1997:avataarsualiartartoq#e2572", "WordList2018:astronaut#e178" ], "id": "avataarsualiartartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "biibili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Bible" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "biibili", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Bible", "en_short": "Bible", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:biibili#e2600", "Oqaatsit1997:biibili#e2714", "WordList2018:bible#e320" ], "id": "biibili", "category": "nouns" } ], "bilitsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ticket" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "bilitsi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ticket", "en_short": "ticket", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:bilitsi#e2613", "Oqaatsit1997:bilitsi#e2725", "WordList2018:ticket#e3782" ], "id": "bilitsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "blomkåli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cauliflower" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "blomkåli", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cauliflower", "da": "blomkål", "da_short": "blomkål", "en_short": "cauliflower", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "blomkål", "singular_definite": "blomkålen", "plural": "blomkål", "plural_definite": "blomkålene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:blomkåli#e2633", "Oqaatsit1997:blomkåli#e2742", "WordList2018:cauliflower#e542", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86619" ], "id": "blomkåli", "category": "nouns" } ], "borgmesteri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mayor" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "borgmesteri", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mayor", "da": "borgmester", "da_short": "borgmester", "en_short": "mayor", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "borgmester", "singular_definite": "borgmesteren", "plural": "borgmestre", "plural_definite": "borgmestrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:borgmesteri#e2640", "Oqaatsit1997:borgmesteri#e2748", "WordList2018:mayor#e2218", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.46690" ], "id": "borgmesteri", "category": "nouns" } ], "citroni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lemon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "citroni", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lemon", "da": "citron", "da_short": "citron", "en_short": "lemon", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "citron", "singular_definite": "citronen", "plural": "citroner", "plural_definite": "citronerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:citroni#e2686", "Oqaatsit1997:citroni#e2793", "WordList2018:lemon#e2029", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.58928" ], "id": "citroni", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqaarsaarneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "gymnastics" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqaarsaarneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gymnastics", "en_short": "gymnastics", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqaarsaarneq#e2763", "Oqaatsit1997:eqaarsaarneq#e2870", "WordList2018:gymnastics#e1612" ], "id": "eqaarsaarneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqqarsaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "thought" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqqarsaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thought", "da": "tanke", "da_short": "tanke", "en_short": "thought", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tanke", "singular_definite": "tanken", "plural": "tanker", "plural_definite": "tankerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqarsaat#e2884", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqarsaat#e2987", "SchultzLorentzen1927:eqqarsaat#e3332", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43706" ], "id": "eqqarsaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqqartuussissuserisoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lawyer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqqartuussissuserisoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lawyer", "en_short": "lawyer", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqartuussissuserisoq#e2904", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqartuussissuserisoq#e3006", "WordList2018:lawyer#e2007" ], "id": "eqqartuussissuserisoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqqornaveeqqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shield" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqqornaveeqqut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shield", "en_short": "shield", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqornaveeqqut#e2947", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqornaveeqqut#e3047", "SchultzLorentzen1927:eqqornaveeqqut#e3404" ], "id": "eqqornaveeqqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqqusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sea urchin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqqusaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sea urchin", "da": "søpindsvin", "da_short": "søpindsvin", "en_short": "sea urchin", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "søpindsvin", "singular_definite": "søpindsvinet", "plural": "søpindsvin", "plural_definite": "søpindsvinene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqusaq#e2983", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqusaq#e3077", "WordList2018:sea urchin#e4314", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93449" ], "id": "eqqusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "equutissaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "toilet paper" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "equutissaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "toilet paper", "en_short": "toilet paper", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:equutissaq#e2992", "Oqaatsit1997:equutissaq#e3086", "WordList2018:toilet paper#e3822" ], "id": "equutissaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "erinarsuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "song" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erinarsuut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "song", "da": "sang", "da_short": "sang", "en_short": "song", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sang", "singular_definite": "sangen", "plural": "sange", "plural_definite": "sangene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erinarsuut#e3015", "Oqaatsit1997:erinarsuut#e3107", "WordList2018:song#e3409", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40424" ], "id": "erinarsuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "erlippak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "molar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erlippak", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "molar", "da": "kindtand", "da_short": "kindtand", "en_short": "molar", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kindtand", "singular_definite": "kindtanden", "plural": "kindtænder", "plural_definite": "kindtænderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erlippak#e3042", "Oqaatsit1997:erlippak#e3136", "SchultzLorentzen1927:erlippak#e3434", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.58536" ], "id": "erlippak", "category": "nouns" } ], "ernissaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stepson" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ernissaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stepson", "en_short": "stepson", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ernissaq#e3093", "Oqaatsit1997:ernissaq#e3193", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ernissaq#e3470" ], "id": "ernissaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "errorsivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wash tub" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "errorsivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wash tub", "en_short": "wash tub", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:errorsivik#e3108", "Oqaatsit1997:errorsivik#e3207", "SchultzLorentzen1927:errorsivik#e3517" ], "id": "errorsivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "februaari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "February" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "februaari", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "February", "en_short": "February", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:februaari#e3178", "Oqaatsit1997:februaari#e3288", "WordList2018:February#e1240" ], "id": "februaari", "category": "nouns" } ], "iffiortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "baker" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iffiortoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "baker", "da": "bager", "da_short": "bager", "en_short": "baker", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bager", "singular_definite": "bageren", "plural": "bagere", "plural_definite": "bagerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iffiortoq#e3348", "Oqaatsit1997:iffiortoq#e3494", "WordList2018:baker#e231", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78773" ], "id": "iffiortoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikaartarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bridge" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikaartarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bridge", "da": "bro", "da_short": "bro", "en_short": "bridge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bro", "singular_definite": "broen", "plural": "broer", "plural_definite": "broerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikaartarfik#e3462", "Oqaatsit1997:ikaartarfik#e3603", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ikaartarfik#e3942", "WordList2018:bridge#e410", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93215" ], "id": "ikaartarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikerasaliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "canal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikerasaliaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "canal", "da": "kanal", "da_short": "kanal", "en_short": "canal", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kanal", "singular_definite": "kanalen", "plural": "kanaler", "plural_definite": "kanalerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikerasaliaq#e3484", "Oqaatsit1997:ikerasaliaq#e3625", "WordList2018:canal#e490", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71404" ], "id": "ikerasaliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikitsit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "match" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikitsit", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "match", "en_short": "match", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikitsit#e3552", "Oqaatsit1997:ikitsit#e3689", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ikitsit#e4017" ], "id": "ikitsit", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikiueqqaarneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "first aid" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikiueqqaarneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "first aid", "da": "førstehjælp", "da_short": "førstehjælp", "en_short": "first aid", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "førstehjælp", "singular_definite": "førstehjælpen" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikiueqqaarneq#e3556", "Oqaatsit1997:ikiueqqaarneq#e3693", "WordList2018:first aid#e1304", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73323" ], "id": "ikiueqqaarneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilaasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "passenger" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilaasoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "passenger", "en_short": "passenger", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilaasoq#e3677", "Oqaatsit1997:ilaasoq#e3806", "WordList2018:passenger#e2594" ], "id": "ilaasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilerfiartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crusader" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilerfiartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crusader", "da": "korsfarer", "da_short": "korsfarer", "en_short": "crusader", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "korsfarer", "singular_definite": "korsfareren", "plural": "korsfarere", "plural_definite": "korsfarerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilerfiartoq#e3788", "Oqaatsit1997:ilerfiartoq#e3908", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ilerfiartoq#e4407", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55757" ], "id": "ilerfiartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilisivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shelf" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilisivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shelf", "da": "hylde", "da_short": "hylde", "en_short": "shelf", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hylde", "singular_definite": "hylden", "plural": "hylder", "plural_definite": "hylderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilisivik#e3904", "Oqaatsit1997:ilisivik#e4022", "WordList2018:shelf#e3242", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.58110" ], "id": "ilisivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "illernartuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sanctuary" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illernartuut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sanctuary", "en_short": "sanctuary", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illernartuut#e3967", "Oqaatsit1997:illernartuut#e4082", "SchultzLorentzen1927:illernartuut#e5969" ], "id": "illernartuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajunngitsuliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "good deed" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajunngitsuliaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "good deed", "da": "velgerning", "da_short": "velgerning", "en_short": "good deed", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "velgerning", "singular_definite": "velgerningen", "plural": "velgerninger", "plural_definite": "velgerningerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajunngitsuliaq#e569", "Oqaatsit1997:ajunngitsuliaq#e572", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ajunngitsuliaq#e528", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98267" ], "id": "ajunngitsuliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "iluatsitsilluarneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "success" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iluatsitsilluarneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "success", "da": "succes", "da_short": "succes", "en_short": "success", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "succes", "singular_definite": "succesen", "plural": "succeser", "plural_definite": "succeserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iluatsitsilluarneq#e4130", "Oqaatsit1997:iluatsitsilluarneq#e4249", "WordList2018:success#e3575", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41864" ], "id": "iluatsitsilluarneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "imaarsaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pump" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "imaarsaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pump", "da": "pumpe", "da_short": "pumpe", "en_short": "pump", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pumpe", "singular_definite": "pumpen", "plural": "pumper", "plural_definite": "pumperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imaarsaat#e4207", "Oqaatsit1997:imaarsaat#e4329", "SchultzLorentzen1927:imaarsaat#e4735", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80397" ], "id": "imaarsaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "imermiutarsuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hippopotamus" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "imermiutarsuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "Admit the modern hippopotamus sense corroborated by WordList2018. Historical English rhinoceros is conflicting evidence and is not cited as support for this meaning." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hippopotamus", "da": "flodhest", "da_short": "flodhest", "en_short": "hippopotamus", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "flodhest", "singular_definite": "flodhesten", "plural": "flodheste", "plural_definite": "flodhestene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imermiutarsuaq#e4258", "Oqaatsit1997:imermiutarsuaq#e4382", "WordList2018:hippopotamus#e4280", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65012" ], "id": "imermiutarsuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ingeniøri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "engineer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ingeniøri", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "engineer", "da": "ingeniør", "da_short": "ingeniør", "en_short": "engineer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ingeniør", "singular_definite": "ingeniøren", "plural": "ingeniører", "plural_definite": "ingeniørerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ingeniøri#e4494", "Oqaatsit1997:ingeniøri#e4611", "WordList2018:engineer#e1117", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63142" ], "id": "ingeniøri", "category": "nouns" } ], "inngili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "angel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inngili", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "angel", "da": "engel", "da_short": "engel", "en_short": "angel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "engel", "singular_definite": "englen", "plural": "engle", "plural_definite": "englene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inngili#e4617", "Oqaatsit1997:inngili#e4738", "SchultzLorentzen1927:inngili#e5291", "WordList2018:angel#e107", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76373" ], "id": "inngili", "category": "nouns" } ], "iperaataq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "whip" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "underlying_form": "iperaataq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 explicitly attest this noun class and its paradigm. This profile records the cited class; no historical root, productive derivation or unrestricted possessed paradigm is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "whip", "en_short": "whip", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "t", "to": "tt" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaataq#e4817", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaataq#e4939", "SchultzLorentzen1927:iperaataq#e5407", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "iperaataq", "category": "nouns" } ], "issiavik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "chair" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "issiavik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "chair", "da": "stol", "da_short": "stol", "en_short": "chair", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "stol", "singular_definite": "stolen", "plural": "stole", "plural_definite": "stolene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:issiavik#e5076", "Oqaatsit1997:issiavik#e5207", "WordList2018:chair#e564", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67107" ], "id": "issiavik", "category": "nouns" } ], "issisiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "thermometer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "issisiut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thermometer", "da": "termometer", "da_short": "termometer", "en_short": "thermometer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "termometer", "singular_definite": [ "termometret", "termometeret" ], "plural": "termometre", "plural_definite": "termometrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:issisiut#e5094", "Oqaatsit1997:issisiut#e5228", "SchultzLorentzen1927:issisiut#e5613", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84158" ], "id": "issisiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "isumassarsiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "idea" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isumassarsiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "idea", "da": "idé", "da_short": "idé", "en_short": "idea", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": [ "idé", "ide" ], "singular_definite": [ "idéen", "ideen" ], "plural": [ "idéer", "ideer" ], "plural_definite": [ "idéerne", "ideerne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isumassarsiaq#e5227", "Oqaatsit1997:isumassarsiaq#e5368", "WordList2018:idea#e1811", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.47313" ], "id": "isumassarsiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "itsarnisarsiooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "archeologist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "itsarnisarsiooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "archeologist", "da": "arkæolog", "da_short": "arkæolog", "en_short": "archeologist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "arkæolog", "singular_definite": "arkæologen", "plural": "arkæologer", "plural_definite": "arkæologerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:itsarnisarsiooq#e5302", "Oqaatsit1997:itsarnisarsiooq#e5448", "WordList2018:archeologist#e140", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84296" ], "id": "itsarnisarsiooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "januaari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "January" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "januaari", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "January", "en_short": "January", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:januaari#e5370", "Oqaatsit1997:januaari#e5542", "WordList2018:January#e1903" ], "id": "januaari", "category": "nouns" } ], "juulliaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Christmas Eve" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "juulliaraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Retain the cited English Christmas Eve label; Danish juleaftensdag refers to the day. No day-versus-evening temporal rule is inferred.", "Closed-ending rule review: juulliaraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Christmas Eve", "en_short": "Christmas Eve", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:juulliaraq#e5389", "Oqaatsit1997:juulliaraq#e5560", "WordList2018:Christmas Eve#e619", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "juulliaraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "juullisiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Christmas carol" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "juullisiut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Christmas carol", "en_short": "Christmas carol", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:juullisiut#e5402", "Oqaatsit1997:juullisiut#e5573", "WordList2018:Christmas carol#e617" ], "id": "juullisiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaaffik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "anvil" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaaffik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "anvil", "da": "ambolt", "da_short": "ambolt", "en_short": "anvil", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ambolt", "singular_definite": "ambolten", "plural": "ambolte", "plural_definite": "amboltene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaaffik#e5413", "Oqaatsit1997:kaaffik#e5614", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kaaffik#e8673", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93544" ], "id": "kaaffik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaasarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pocket" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaasarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pocket", "da": "lomme", "da_short": "lomme", "en_short": "pocket", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lomme", "singular_definite": "lommen", "plural": "lommer", "plural_definite": "lommerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaasarfik#e5449", "Oqaatsit1997:kaasarfik#e5650", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kaasarfik#e8676", "WordList2018:pocket#e2720", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74020" ], "id": "kaasarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaasarfissiooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pickpocket" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaasarfissiooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pickpocket", "da": "lommetyv", "da_short": "lommetyv", "en_short": "pickpocket", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lommetyv", "singular_definite": "lommetyven", "plural": "lommetyve", "plural_definite": "lommetyvene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaasarfissiooq#e5451", "Oqaatsit1997:kaasarfissiooq#e5653", "WordList2018:pickpocket#e2660", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56617" ], "id": "kaasarfissiooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaffisorfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "coffee pot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaffisorfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "coffee pot", "en_short": "coffee pot", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaffisorfik#e5498", "Oqaatsit1997:kaffisorfik#e5700", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kaffisorfik#e8701", "WordList2018:coffee pot#e687" ], "id": "kaffisorfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kanajaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "diaphragm" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kanajaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "diaphragm", "da": "mellemgulv", "da_short": "mellemgulv", "en_short": "diaphragm", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mellemgulv", "singular_definite": "mellemgulvet" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kanajaat#e5666", "Oqaatsit1997:kanajaat#e5900", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kanajaat#e8416", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79622" ], "id": "kanajaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "kigaallassaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "parachute" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kigaallassaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "parachute", "da": "faldskærm", "da_short": "faldskærm", "en_short": "parachute", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "faldskærm", "singular_definite": "faldskærmen", "plural": "faldskærme", "plural_definite": "faldskærmene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kigaallassaat#e5922", "Oqaatsit1997:kigaallassaat#e6177", "WordList2018:parachute#e2575", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89083" ], "id": "kigaallassaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiggiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "beaver" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiggiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "beaver", "da": "bæver", "da_short": "bæver", "en_short": "beaver", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bæver", "singular_definite": "bæveren", "plural": "bævere", "plural_definite": "bæverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiggiaq#e5941", "Oqaatsit1997:kiggiaq#e6198", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kiggiaq#e8808", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79961" ], "id": "kiggiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kilitsissiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spy" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kilitsissiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spy", "da": "spion", "da_short": "spion", "en_short": "spy", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "spion", "singular_definite": "spionen", "plural": "spioner", "plural_definite": "spionerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kilitsissiaq#e6040", "Oqaatsit1997:kilitsissiaq#e6302", "WordList2018:spy#e3471", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.59988" ], "id": "kilitsissiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "killaagut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "darning needle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "killaagut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "darning needle", "da": "stoppenål", "da_short": "stoppenål", "en_short": "darning needle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "stoppenål", "singular_definite": "stoppenålen", "plural": "stoppenåle", "plural_definite": "stoppenålene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:killaagut#e6042", "Oqaatsit1997:killaagut#e6304", "SchultzLorentzen1927:killaagut#e8820", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80924" ], "id": "killaagut", "category": "nouns" } ], "kimmissaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spur" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kimmissaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spur", "da": "spore", "da_short": "spore", "en_short": "spur", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "spore", "singular_definite": "sporen", "plural": "sporer", "plural_definite": "sporerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kimmissaat#e6125", "Oqaatsit1997:kimmissaat#e6388", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kimmissaat#e9111", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89429" ], "id": "kimmissaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "kinguppak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shrimp" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kinguppak", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shrimp", "da": "reje", "da_short": "reje", "en_short": "shrimp", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "reje", "singular_definite": "rejen", "plural": "rejer", "plural_definite": "rejerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kinguppak#e6222", "Oqaatsit1997:kinguppak#e6497", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kinguppak#e9230", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67499" ], "id": "kinguppak", "category": "nouns" } ], "kissaviarsuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "falcon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kissaviarsuk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "falcon", "da": "falk", "da_short": "falk", "en_short": "falcon", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "falk", "singular_definite": "falken", "plural": "falke", "plural_definite": "falkene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kissaviarsuk#e6341", "Oqaatsit1997:kissaviarsuk#e6617", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kissaviarsuk#e8885", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61938" ], "id": "kissaviarsuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "koteletti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cutlet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "koteletti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cutlet", "en_short": "cutlet", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:koteletti#e6454", "Oqaatsit1997:koteletti#e6730", "WordList2018:cutlet#e867" ], "id": "koteletti", "category": "nouns" } ], "kristumiussuseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Christianity" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kristumiussuseq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: kristumiussuseq has a literal single consonant in -seq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and s becomes ts before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Christianity", "en_short": "Christianity", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kristumiussuseq#e6465", "Oqaatsit1997:kristumiussuseq#e6741", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kristumiussuseq#e9495", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "kristumiussuseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kufferti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "suitcase" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kufferti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "suitcase", "da": "kuffert", "da_short": "kuffert", "en_short": "suitcase", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kuffert", "singular_definite": "kufferten", "plural": "kufferter", "plural_definite": "kufferterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kufferti#e6481", "Oqaatsit1997:kufferti#e6758", "WordList2018:suitcase#e3587", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98459" ], "id": "kufferti", "category": "nouns" } ], "kujasik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "south wind" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kujasik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "south wind", "da": "søndenvind", "da_short": "søndenvind", "en_short": "south wind", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "søndenvind", "singular_definite": "søndenvinden", "plural": "søndenvinde", "plural_definite": "søndenvindene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kujasik#e6508", "Oqaatsit1997:kujasik#e6786", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kujasik#e9568", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60929" ], "id": "kujasik", "category": "nouns" } ], "kukiffak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hoof" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kukiffak", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hoof", "en_short": "hoof", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kukiffak#e6517", "Oqaatsit1997:kukiffak#e6795", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kukiffak#e9592" ], "id": "kukiffak", "category": "nouns" } ], "kukkilattariaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "harp" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kukkilattariaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "harp", "en_short": "harp", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kukkilattariaq#e6531", "Oqaatsit1997:kukkilattariaq#e6809", "WordList2018:harp#e1649" ], "id": "kukkilattariaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kutsineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lumbar vertebra" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kutsineq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lumbar vertebra", "en_short": "lumbar vertebra", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kutsineq#e6646", "Oqaatsit1997:kutsineq#e6927", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kutsineq#e9738" ], "id": "kutsineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "manoqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bib" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "manoqut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bib", "en_short": "bib", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:manoqut#e7035", "Oqaatsit1997:manoqut#e7433", "SchultzLorentzen1927:manoqut#e10075" ], "id": "manoqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "marulluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mud" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "marulluk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mud", "da": "mudder", "da_short": "mudder", "en_short": "mud", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mudder", "singular_definite": "mudderet" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:marulluk#e7126", "Oqaatsit1997:marulluk#e7522", "WordList2018:mud#e2337", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68821" ], "id": "marulluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "masarsuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "swamp" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "masarsuk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "swamp", "da": "sump", "da_short": "sump", "en_short": "swamp", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sump", "singular_definite": "sumpen", "plural": "sumpe", "plural_definite": "sumpene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:masarsuk#e7133", "Oqaatsit1997:masarsuk#e7529", "WordList2018:swamp#e3622", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57123" ], "id": "masarsuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "matserfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "door frame" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "matserfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "door frame", "da": "dørkarm", "da_short": "dørkarm", "en_short": "door frame", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "dørkarm", "singular_definite": "dørkarmen", "plural": "dørkarme", "plural_definite": "dørkarmene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:matserfik#e7169", "Oqaatsit1997:matserfik#e7563", "SchultzLorentzen1927:matserfik#e10213", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71217" ], "id": "matserfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "matuersaaserfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "keyhole" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "matuersaaserfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "keyhole", "en_short": "keyhole", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:matuersaaserfik#e7195", "Oqaatsit1997:matuersaaserfik#e7589", "SchultzLorentzen1927:matuersaaserfik#e10219" ], "id": "matuersaaserfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "matuersaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "key" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "matuersaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "key", "en_short": "key", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:matuersaat#e7196", "Oqaatsit1997:matuersaat#e7590", "SchultzLorentzen1927:matuersaat#e10222", "WordList2018:key#e1948" ], "id": "matuersaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "mersortarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sewing room" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mersortarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sewing room", "da": "systue", "da_short": "systue", "en_short": "sewing room", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "systue", "singular_definite": "systuen", "plural": "systuer", "plural_definite": "systuerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mersortarfik#e7284", "Oqaatsit1997:mersortarfik#e7680", "SchultzLorentzen1927:mersortarfik#e10361", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77397" ], "id": "mersortarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "mikrofoni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "microphone" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mikrofoni", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "microphone", "da": "mikrofon", "da_short": "mikrofon", "en_short": "microphone", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mikrofon", "singular_definite": "mikrofonen", "plural": "mikrofoner", "plural_definite": "mikrofonerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mikrofoni#e7318", "Oqaatsit1997:mikrofoni#e7718", "WordList2018:microphone#e2253", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91843" ], "id": "mikrofoni", "category": "nouns" } ], "mulequt": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "leaf of a plant" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mulequt", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "leaf of a plant", "en_short": "leaf of a plant", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mulequt#e7531", "Oqaatsit1997:mulequt#e7935", "SchultzLorentzen1927:mulequt#e10671" ], "id": "mulequt", "category": "nouns" } ], "naaralaartitsivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lighthouse" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naaralaartitsivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lighthouse", "en_short": "lighthouse", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naaralaartitsivik#e7746", "Oqaatsit1997:naaralaartitsivik#e8189", "WordList2018:lighthouse#e2063" ], "id": "naaralaartitsivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "naatsiivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "garden" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naatsiivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "garden", "da": "have", "da_short": "have", "en_short": "garden", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "have", "singular_definite": "haven", "plural": "haver", "plural_definite": "haverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naatsiivik#e7798", "Oqaatsit1997:naatsiivik#e8244", "WordList2018:garden#e1472", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44308" ], "id": "naatsiivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "naatsiivilerisoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "gardener" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naatsiivilerisoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gardener", "en_short": "gardener", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naatsiivilerisoq#e7799", "Oqaatsit1997:naatsiivilerisoq#e8245", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naatsiivilerisoq#e11757", "WordList2018:gardener#e1473" ], "id": "naatsiivilerisoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nagguaatsoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "elephant" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nagguaatsoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "elephant", "da": "elefant", "da_short": "elefant", "en_short": "elephant", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "elefant", "singular_definite": "elefanten", "plural": "elefanter", "plural_definite": "elefanterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nagguaatsoq#e7841", "Oqaatsit1997:nagguaatsoq#e8292", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nagguaatsoq#e11781", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92311" ], "id": "nagguaatsoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nalunaarasuartaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "telegraph" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalunaarasuartaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "telegraph", "da": "telegraf", "da_short": "telegraf", "en_short": "telegraph", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "telegraf", "singular_definite": "telegrafen", "plural": "telegrafer", "plural_definite": "telegraferne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nalunaarasuartaat#e8133", "Oqaatsit1997:nalunaarasuartaat#e8609", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nalunaarasuartaat#e11227", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76101" ], "id": "nalunaarasuartaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "naneruut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "candle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naneruut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "candle", "da": "stearinlys", "da_short": "stearinlys", "en_short": "candle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "stearinlys", "singular_definite": "stearinlyset", "plural": "stearinlys", "plural_definite": "stearinlysene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naneruut#e8201", "Oqaatsit1997:naneruut#e8685", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naneruut#e11320", "WordList2018:candle#e492", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60834" ], "id": "naneruut", "category": "nouns" } ], "nappartaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "barrel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nappartaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "barrel", "da": "tønde", "da_short": "tønde", "en_short": "barrel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tønde", "singular_definite": "tønden", "plural": "tønder", "plural_definite": "tønderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nappartaq#e8306", "Oqaatsit1997:nappartaq#e8795", "WordList2018:barrel#e249", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62548" ], "id": "nappartaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nattoraliusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vulture" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nattoraliusaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vulture", "en_short": "vulture", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nattoraliusaq#e8468", "Oqaatsit1997:nattoraliusaq#e8966", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nattoraliusaq#e10842" ], "id": "nattoraliusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "neriusaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rainbow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "neriusaaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rainbow", "da": "regnbue", "da_short": "regnbue", "en_short": "rainbow", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "regnbue", "singular_definite": "regnbuen", "plural": "regnbuer", "plural_definite": "regnbuerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:neriusaaq#e8535", "Oqaatsit1997:neriusaaq#e9042", "WordList2018:rainbow#e2889", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78599" ], "id": "neriusaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nimeriaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "eel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nimeriaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "eel", "da": "ål", "da_short": "ål", "en_short": "eel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ål", "singular_definite": "ålen", "plural": "ål", "plural_definite": "ålene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nimeriaq#e8713", "Oqaatsit1997:nimeriaq#e9233", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nimeriaq#e12136", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60487" ], "id": "nimeriaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nimeriarluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "electric eel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nimeriarluk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "electric eel", "en_short": "electric eel", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nimeriarluk#e8714", "Oqaatsit1997:nimeriarluk#e9234", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nimeriarluk#e12137" ], "id": "nimeriarluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "nipilersortartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "musician" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nipilersortartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "musician", "da": "musiker", "da_short": "musiker", "en_short": "musician", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "musiker", "singular_definite": "musikeren", "plural": "musikere", "plural_definite": "musikerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nipilersortartoq#e8782", "Oqaatsit1997:nipilersortartoq#e9306", "WordList2018:musician#e2348", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87406" ], "id": "nipilersortartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "niutsit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ladle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niutsit", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ladle", "en_short": "ladle", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niutsit#e8871", "Oqaatsit1997:niutsit#e9404", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niutsit#e12316" ], "id": "niutsit", "category": "nouns" } ], "niviarsiaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "girl" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niviarsiaraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: niviarsiaraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "girl", "da": "pige", "da_short": "pige", "en_short": "girl", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pige", "singular_definite": "pigen", "plural": "piger", "plural_definite": "pigerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niviarsiaraq#e8884", "Oqaatsit1997:niviarsiaraq#e9419", "WordList2018:girl#e1506", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41437" ], "id": "niviarsiaraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nukappiaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "boy" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nukappiaraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: nukappiaraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "boy", "da": "dreng", "da_short": "dreng", "en_short": "boy", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "dreng", "singular_definite": "drengen", "plural": "drenge", "plural_definite": "drengene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nukappiaraq#e9037", "Oqaatsit1997:nukappiaraq#e9585", "WordList2018:boy#e386", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41426" ], "id": "nukappiaraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nunasiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "colony" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nunasiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "colony", "da": "koloni", "da_short": "koloni", "en_short": "colony", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "koloni", "singular_definite": "kolonien", "plural": "kolonier", "plural_definite": "kolonierne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nunasiaq#e9156", "Oqaatsit1997:nunasiaq#e9710", "WordList2018:colony#e702", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82774" ], "id": "nunasiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "oktobari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "October" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oktobari", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "October", "en_short": "October", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oktobari#e9275", "Oqaatsit1997:oktobari#e9913", "WordList2018:October#e2471" ], "id": "oktobari", "category": "nouns" } ], "oqaluffik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "church" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqaluffik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "church", "da": "kirke", "da_short": "kirke", "en_short": "church", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kirke", "singular_definite": "kirken", "plural": "kirker", "plural_definite": "kirkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqaluffik#e9406", "Oqaatsit1997:oqaluffik#e10042", "WordList2018:church#e622", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42140" ], "id": "oqaluffik", "category": "nouns" } ], "oqaluut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "verb" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqaluut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "verb", "en_short": "verb", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqaluut#e9453", "Oqaatsit1997:oqaluut#e10087", "WordList2018:verb#e3996" ], "id": "oqaluut", "category": "nouns" } ], "paattuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "peg" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paattuut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "peg", "en_short": "peg", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paattuut#e9808", "Oqaatsit1997:paattuut#e10465", "SchultzLorentzen1927:paattuut#e13149" ], "id": "paattuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "paavooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "peacock" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paavooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "peacock", "da": "påfugl", "da_short": "påfugl", "en_short": "peacock", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "påfugl", "singular_definite": "påfuglen", "plural": "påfugle", "plural_definite": "påfuglene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paavooq#e9816", "Oqaatsit1997:paavooq#e10476", "WordList2018:peacock#e2618", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94965" ], "id": "paavooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "panissiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "foster daughter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "panissiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "Only the foster-daughter reading is admitted; Danish also mentions adoptive daughter, which is not inferred as an equivalent relationship." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "foster daughter", "en_short": "foster daughter", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:panissiaq#e9922", "Oqaatsit1997:panissiaq#e10580", "SchultzLorentzen1927:panissiaq#e13269" ], "id": "panissiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "papikuujuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "parrot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "papikuujuk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "parrot", "da": "papegøje", "da_short": "papegøje", "en_short": "parrot", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "papegøje", "singular_definite": "papegøjen", "plural": "papegøjer", "plural_definite": "papegøjerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:papikuujuk#e9939", "Oqaatsit1997:papikuujuk#e10598", "WordList2018:parrot#e4355", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60847" ], "id": "papikuujuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "alussaateeraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "teaspoon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alussaateeraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: alussaateeraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "teaspoon", "da": "teske", "da_short": "teske", "en_short": "teaspoon", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "teske", "singular_definite": "teskeen", "plural": "teskeer", "plural_definite": "teskeerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alussaateeraq#e1116", "Oqaatsit1997:alussaateeraq#e1132", "WordList2018:teaspoon#e3693", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94526" ], "id": "alussaateeraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "peqquttaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shrimp" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "peqquttaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shrimp", "da": "reje", "da_short": "reje", "en_short": "shrimp", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "reje", "singular_definite": "rejen", "plural": "rejer", "plural_definite": "rejerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:peqquttaq#e10148", "Oqaatsit1997:peqquttaq#e10826", "SchultzLorentzen1927:peqquttaq#e13590", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67499" ], "id": "peqquttaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "perloqqussut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "curse" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "perloqqussut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "curse", "da": "forbandelse", "da_short": "forbandelse", "en_short": "curse", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "forbandelse", "singular_definite": "forbandelsen", "plural": "forbandelser", "plural_definite": "forbandelserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:perloqqussut#e10188", "Oqaatsit1997:perloqqussut#e10869", "SchultzLorentzen1927:perloqqussut#e13643", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89253" ], "id": "perloqqussut", "category": "nouns" } ], "pilattuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "saw" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pilattuut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "saw", "da": "sav", "da_short": "sav", "en_short": "saw", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sav", "singular_definite": "saven", "plural": "save", "plural_definite": "savene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pilattuut#e10427", "Oqaatsit1997:pilattuut#e11119", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pilattuut#e13895", "WordList2018:saw#e3135", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75767" ], "id": "pilattuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "pillaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "punishment" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pillaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "punishment", "en_short": "punishment", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pillaat#e10472", "Oqaatsit1997:pillaat#e11168", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pillaat#e14289" ], "id": "pillaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "pinerluut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crime" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pinerluut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crime", "da": "forbrydelse", "da_short": "forbrydelse", "en_short": "crime", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "forbrydelse", "singular_definite": "forbrydelsen", "plural": "forbrydelser", "plural_definite": "forbrydelserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pinerluut#e10553", "Oqaatsit1997:pinerluut#e11256", "WordList2018:crime#e827", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57831" ], "id": "pinerluut", "category": "nouns" } ], "poorski": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Easter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "poorski", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Easter", "da": "påske", "da_short": "påske", "en_short": "Easter", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "påske", "singular_definite": "påsken", "plural": "påsker", "plural_definite": "påskerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:poorski#e10961", "Oqaatsit1997:poorski#e11685", "SchultzLorentzen1927:poorski#e14478", "WordList2018:Easter#e1072", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.99433" ], "id": "poorski", "category": "nouns" } ], "poortalik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "marsupial" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "poortalik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "marsupial", "da": "pungdyr", "da_short": "pungdyr", "en_short": "marsupial", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pungdyr", "singular_definite": "pungdyret", "plural": "pungdyr", "plural_definite": "pungdyrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:poortalik#e10966", "Oqaatsit1997:poortalik#e11690", "SchultzLorentzen1927:poortalik#e14469", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98732" ], "id": "poortalik", "category": "nouns" } ], "pruffiiti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Prophet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pruffiiti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Prophet", "da": "profet", "da_short": "profet", "en_short": "Prophet", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "profet", "singular_definite": "profeten", "plural": "profeter", "plural_definite": "profeterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pruffiiti#e11003", "Oqaatsit1997:pruffiiti#e11727", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pruffiiti#e14484", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64803" ], "id": "pruffiiti", "category": "nouns" } ], "præsidenti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "president" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "præsidenti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "president", "da": "præsident", "da_short": "præsident", "en_short": "president", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "præsident", "singular_definite": "præsidenten", "plural": "præsidenter", "plural_definite": "præsidenterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:præsidenti#e11008", "Oqaatsit1997:præsidenti#e11732", "WordList2018:president#e2785", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.52880" ], "id": "præsidenti", "category": "nouns" } ], "puiaasaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bottle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "puiaasaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bottle", "da": "flaske", "da_short": "flaske", "en_short": "bottle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "flaske", "singular_definite": "flasken", "plural": "flasker", "plural_definite": "flaskerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:puiaasaq#e11040", "Oqaatsit1997:puiaasaq#e11763", "SchultzLorentzen1927:puiaasaq#e14540", "WordList2018:bottle#e377", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41536" ], "id": "puiaasaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pujoralak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dust" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pujoralak", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dust", "da": "støv", "da_short": "støv", "en_short": "dust", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "støv", "singular_definite": "støvet" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pujoralak#e11106", "Oqaatsit1997:pujoralak#e11831", "WordList2018:dust#e1049", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98688" ], "id": "pujoralak", "category": "nouns" } ], "pujorsiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "compass" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pujorsiut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "compass", "en_short": "compass", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pujorsiut#e11113", "Oqaatsit1997:pujorsiut#e11838", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pujorsiut#e14603" ], "id": "pujorsiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "pujortaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tobacco pipe" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pujortaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tobacco pipe", "da": "pibe", "da_short": "pibe", "en_short": "tobacco pipe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pibe", "singular_definite": "piben", "plural": "piber", "plural_definite": "piberne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pujortaat#e11115", "Oqaatsit1997:pujortaat#e11840", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pujortaat#e14607", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74851" ], "id": "pujortaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "puttaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ice floe" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "puttaaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ice floe", "da": "isflage", "da_short": "isflage", "en_short": "ice floe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "isflage", "singular_definite": "isflagen", "plural": "isflager", "plural_definite": "isflagerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:puttaaq#e11244", "Oqaatsit1997:puttaaq#e11976", "WordList2018:ice floe#e1806", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70701" ], "id": "puttaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qalersaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hair ribbon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qalersaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hair ribbon", "da": "hårbånd", "da_short": "hårbånd", "en_short": "hair ribbon", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hårbånd", "singular_definite": "hårbåndet", "plural": "hårbånd", "plural_definite": "hårbåndene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qalersaq#e11557", "Oqaatsit1997:qalersaq#e12322", "WordList2018:hair ribbon#e1614", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.96119" ], "id": "qalersaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qaqiffiliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tower" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaqiffiliaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tower", "da": "tårn", "da_short": "tårn", "en_short": "tower", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tårn", "singular_definite": "tårnet", "plural": "tårne", "plural_definite": "tårnene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaqiffiliaq#e11807", "Oqaatsit1997:qaqiffiliaq#e12569", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qaqiffiliaq#e6288", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93621" ], "id": "qaqiffiliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qaqqortariaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nut" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaqqortariaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nut", "en_short": "nut", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaqqortariaq#e11842", "Oqaatsit1997:qaqqortariaq#e12606", "WordList2018:nut#e2460" ], "id": "qaqqortariaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qarmasissiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "brick" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qarmasissiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "brick", "da": "mursten", "da_short": "mursten", "en_short": "brick", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mursten", "singular_definite": "murstenen", "plural": "mursten", "plural_definite": "murstenene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qarmasissiaq#e11908", "Oqaatsit1997:qarmasissiaq#e12671", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qarmasissiaq#e6728", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92724" ], "id": "qarmasissiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "amusartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "drawer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amusartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "drawer", "da": "skuffe", "da_short": "skuffe", "en_short": "drawer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skuffe", "singular_definite": "skuffen", "plural": "skuffer", "plural_definite": "skufferne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amusartoq#e1248", "Oqaatsit1997:amusartoq#e1270", "WordList2018:drawer#e1022", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56636" ], "id": "amusartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "angallanneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "traffic" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angallanneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "traffic", "en_short": "traffic", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angallanneq#e1324", "Oqaatsit1997:angallanneq#e1350", "WordList2018:traffic#e3864" ], "id": "angallanneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "angissuseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "size" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angissuseq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: angissuseq has a literal single consonant in -seq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and s becomes ts before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "size", "da": "størrelse", "da_short": "størrelse", "en_short": "size", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "størrelse", "singular_definite": "størrelsen", "plural": "størrelser", "plural_definite": "størrelserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angissuseq#e1355", "Oqaatsit1997:angissuseq#e1381", "WordList2018:size#e3312", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43930" ], "id": "angissuseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qatigattuusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ostrich" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qatigattuusaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ostrich", "da": "struds", "da_short": "struds", "en_short": "ostrich", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "struds", "singular_definite": "strudsen", "plural": "strudse", "plural_definite": "strudsene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qatigattuusaq#e12020", "Oqaatsit1997:qatigattuusaq#e12786", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qatigattuusaq#e6906", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72518" ], "id": "qatigattuusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qatserisartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fireman" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qatserisartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fireman", "da": "brandmand", "da_short": "brandmand", "en_short": "fireman", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "brandmand", "singular_definite": "brandmanden", "plural": "brandmænd", "plural_definite": "brandmændene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qatserisartoq#e12034", "Oqaatsit1997:qatserisartoq#e12800", "WordList2018:fireman#e1297", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73755" ], "id": "qatserisartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qattuneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hill" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qattuneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hill", "da": "høj", "da_short": "høj", "en_short": "hill", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "høj", "singular_definite": "højen", "plural": "høje", "plural_definite": "højene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qattuneq#e12055", "Oqaatsit1997:qattuneq#e12819", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qattuneq#e6162", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.51674" ], "id": "qattuneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qeerlutooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "duck" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qeerlutooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "duck", "da": "and", "da_short": "and", "en_short": "duck", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "and", "singular_definite": "anden", "plural": "ænder", "plural_definite": "ænderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qeerlutooq#e12076", "Oqaatsit1997:qeerlutooq#e12841", "WordList2018:duck#e4342", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.45192" ], "id": "qeerlutooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qerattarsaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "starch" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qerattarsaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "starch", "da": "stivelse", "da_short": "stivelse", "en_short": "starch", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "stivelse", "singular_definite": "stivelsen", "plural": "stivelser", "plural_definite": "stivelserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qerattarsaat#e12105", "Oqaatsit1997:qerattarsaat#e12880", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qerattarsaat#e7063", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84995" ], "id": "qerattarsaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "qilattaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "knitting needle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qilattaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "knitting needle", "da": "strikkepind", "da_short": "strikkepind", "en_short": "knitting needle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "strikkepind", "singular_definite": "strikkepinden", "plural": "strikkepinde", "plural_definite": "strikkepindene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qilattaat#e12226", "Oqaatsit1997:qilattaat#e13001", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qilattaat#e7201", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89936" ], "id": "qilattaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "qimmiaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "puppy" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qimmiaraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: qimmiaraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "puppy", "da": "hundehvalp", "da_short": "hundehvalp", "en_short": "puppy", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hundehvalp", "singular_definite": "hundehvalpen", "plural": "hundehvalpe", "plural_definite": "hundehvalpene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qimmiaraq#e12340", "Oqaatsit1997:qimmiaraq#e13113", "WordList2018:puppy#e2842", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84422" ], "id": "qimmiaraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qinerseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "gland" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qinerseq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gland", "da": "kirtel", "da_short": "kirtel", "en_short": "gland", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kirtel", "singular_definite": "kirtlen", "plural": "kirtler", "plural_definite": "kirtlerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qinerseq#e12376", "Oqaatsit1997:qinerseq#e13148", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qinerseq#e7410", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.83677" ], "id": "qinerseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qinneriaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "screwdriver" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qinneriaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "screwdriver", "da": "skruetrækker", "da_short": "skruetrækker", "en_short": "screwdriver", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skruetrækker", "singular_definite": "skruetrækkeren", "plural": "skruetrækkere", "plural_definite": "skruetrækkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qinneriaat#e12418", "Oqaatsit1997:qinneriaat#e13193", "WordList2018:screwdriver#e3160", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78144" ], "id": "qinneriaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "qinnilik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "screw" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qinnilik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "screw", "da": "skrue", "da_short": "skrue", "en_short": "screw", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skrue", "singular_definite": "skruen", "plural": "skruer", "plural_definite": "skruerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qinnilik#e12449", "Oqaatsit1997:qinnilik#e13225", "WordList2018:screw#e3159", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80886" ], "id": "qinnilik", "category": "nouns" } ], "qinnuteqaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "application" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qinnuteqaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "application", "da": "ansøgning", "da_short": "ansøgning", "en_short": "application", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ansøgning", "singular_definite": "ansøgningen", "plural": "ansøgninger", "plural_definite": "ansøgningerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qinnuteqaat#e12460", "Oqaatsit1997:qinnuteqaat#e13234", "WordList2018:application#e132", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.85367" ], "id": "qinnuteqaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "qissivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spinning wheel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qissivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spinning wheel", "en_short": "spinning wheel", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qissivik#e12539", "Oqaatsit1997:qissivik#e13313", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qissivik#e7798" ], "id": "qissivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "qitsuarsuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lynx" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qitsuarsuk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lynx", "en_short": "lynx", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qitsuarsuk#e12617", "Oqaatsit1997:qitsuarsuk#e13392", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qitsuarsuk#e7599" ], "id": "qitsuarsuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "qiversarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hinge" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qiversarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hinge", "en_short": "hinge", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiversarfik#e12645", "Oqaatsit1997:qiversarfik#e13420", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qiversarfik#e7720" ], "id": "qiversarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "qorlortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "waterfall" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qorlortoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "waterfall", "da": "vandfald", "da_short": "vandfald", "en_short": "waterfall", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vandfald", "singular_definite": "vandfaldet", "plural": "vandfald", "plural_definite": "vandfaldene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qorlortoq#e12693", "Oqaatsit1997:qorlortoq#e13468", "WordList2018:waterfall#e4074", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.96645" ], "id": "qorlortoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qungasersooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "giraffe" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qungasersooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "giraffe", "en_short": "giraffe", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qungasersooq#e12904", "Oqaatsit1997:qungasersooq#e13683", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qungasersooq#e8082" ], "id": "qungasersooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qungussutariaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mermaid" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qungussutariaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mermaid", "en_short": "mermaid", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qungussutariaq#e12918", "Oqaatsit1997:qungussutariaq#e13697", "WordList2018:mermaid#e2245" ], "id": "qungussutariaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qutsissormiutaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lark" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qutsissormiutaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: qutsissormiutaq has a literal single consonant in -utaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and t becomes tt before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lark", "da": "lærke", "da_short": "lærke", "en_short": "lark", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lærke", "singular_definite": "lærken", "plural": "lærker", "plural_definite": "lærkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "t", "to": "tt" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qutsissormiutaq#e12992", "Oqaatsit1997:qutsissormiutaq#e13768", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qutsissormiutaq#e8170", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89509" ], "id": "qutsissormiutaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "saagulerfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "curtain rod" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saagulerfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "curtain rod", "da": "gardinstang", "da_short": "gardinstang", "en_short": "curtain rod", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gardinstang", "singular_definite": "gardinstangen", "plural": "gardinstænger", "plural_definite": "gardinstængerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saagulerfik#e13074", "Oqaatsit1997:saagulerfik#e13964", "SchultzLorentzen1927:saagulerfik#e14870", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92444" ], "id": "saagulerfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "saaliaqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "apron" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saaliaqut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "apron", "da": "forklæde", "da_short": "forklæde", "en_short": "apron", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "forklæde", "singular_definite": "forklædet", "plural": "forklæder", "plural_definite": "forklæderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saaliaqut#e13079", "Oqaatsit1997:saaliaqut#e13969", "WordList2018:apron#e137", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.77840" ], "id": "saaliaqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "saanikuliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "skeleton" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saanikuliaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "skeleton", "en_short": "skeleton", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saanikuliaq#e13107", "Oqaatsit1997:saanikuliaq#e13998", "WordList2018:skeleton#e3316" ], "id": "saanikuliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sakkutooqqinneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "knight" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sakkutooqqinneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "knight", "da": "ridder", "da_short": "ridder", "en_short": "knight", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ridder", "singular_definite": "ridderen", "plural": "riddere", "plural_definite": "ridderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sakkutooqqinneq#e13222", "Oqaatsit1997:sakkutooqqinneq#e14116", "WordList2018:knight#e1967", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80257" ], "id": "sakkutooqqinneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sakramente": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sacrament" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sakramente", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sacrament", "da": "sakramente", "da_short": "sakramente", "en_short": "sacrament", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sakramente", "singular_definite": "sakramentet", "plural": "sakramenter", "plural_definite": "sakramenterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sakramente#e13231", "Oqaatsit1997:sakramente#e14126", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sakramente#e15004", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75034" ], "id": "sakramente", "category": "nouns" } ], "salliligaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "board" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "salliligaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: salliligaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "board", "en_short": "board", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:salliligaq#e13247", "Oqaatsit1997:salliligaq#e14143", "SchultzLorentzen1927:salliligaq#e14836", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "salliligaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "savaaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lamb" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "savaaraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: savaaraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lamb", "en_short": "lamb", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:savaaraq#e13567", "Oqaatsit1997:savaaraq#e14477", "SchultzLorentzen1927:savaaraq#e15435", "WordList2018:lamb#e1981", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "savaaraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "savaasaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "goat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "savaasaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "goat", "da": "ged", "da_short": "ged", "en_short": "goat", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ged", "singular_definite": "geden", "plural": "geder", "plural_definite": "gederne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:savaasaq#e13570", "Oqaatsit1997:savaasaq#e14480", "SchultzLorentzen1927:savaasaq#e15437", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95499" ], "id": "savaasaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "seeqqoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "knee" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "seeqqoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "knee", "da": "knæ", "da_short": "knæ", "en_short": "knee", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "knæ", "singular_definite": "knæet", "plural": "knæ", "plural_definite": "knæene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:seeqqoq#e13617", "Oqaatsit1997:seeqqoq#e14527", "SchultzLorentzen1927:seeqqoq#e15555", "WordList2018:knee#e1963", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60261" ], "id": "seeqqoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sequtserivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mortar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sequtserivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mortar", "en_short": "mortar", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sequtserivik#e13696", "Oqaatsit1997:sequtserivik#e14605", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sequtserivik#e15534" ], "id": "sequtserivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "siiliki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "silk" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siiliki", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "silk", "da": "silke", "da_short": "silke", "en_short": "silk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "silke", "singular_definite": "silken", "plural": "silker", "plural_definite": "silkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siiliki#e13826", "Oqaatsit1997:siiliki#e14745", "WordList2018:silk#e3289", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65008" ], "id": "siiliki", "category": "nouns" } ], "silamiu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "human being" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "silamiu", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "human being", "da": "menneske", "da_short": "menneske", "en_short": "human being", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "menneske", "singular_definite": "mennesket", "plural": "mennesker", "plural_definite": [ "menneskene", "menneskerne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:silamiu#e13948", "Oqaatsit1997:silamiu#e14866", "SchultzLorentzen1927:silamiu#e15871", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40428" ], "id": "silamiu", "category": "nouns" } ], "aningaasaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "coin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aningaasaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "coin", "da": "mønt", "da_short": "mønt", "en_short": "coin", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mønt", "singular_definite": "mønten", "plural": "mønter", "plural_definite": "mønterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aningaasaq#e1465", "Oqaatsit1997:aningaasaq#e1493", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aningaasaq#e1440", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72739" ], "id": "aningaasaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "annassut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "salvation" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annassut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "salvation", "da": "frelse", "da_short": "frelse", "en_short": "salvation", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "frelse", "singular_definite": "frelsen" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annassut#e1514", "Oqaatsit1997:annassut#e1543", "SchultzLorentzen1927:annassut#e1336", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70659" ], "id": "annassut", "category": "nouns" } ], "siniffik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bed" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siniffik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bed", "da": "seng", "da_short": "seng", "en_short": "bed", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "seng", "singular_definite": "sengen", "plural": "senge", "plural_definite": "sengene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siniffik#e14093", "Oqaatsit1997:siniffik#e15009", "WordList2018:bed#e281", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41184" ], "id": "siniffik", "category": "nouns" } ], "sinittarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bedroom" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sinittarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bedroom", "da": "soveværelse", "da_short": "soveværelse", "en_short": "bedroom", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "soveværelse", "singular_definite": "soveværelset", "plural": "soveværelser", "plural_definite": "soveværelserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sinittarfik#e14109", "Oqaatsit1997:sinittarfik#e15025", "WordList2018:bedroom#e285", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64736" ], "id": "sinittarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "siperneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "buckle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siperneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "buckle", "da": "spænde", "da_short": "spænde", "en_short": "buckle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "spænde", "singular_definite": "spændet", "plural": "spænder", "plural_definite": "spænderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siperneq#e14227", "Oqaatsit1997:siperneq#e15147", "WordList2018:buckle#e432", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70045" ], "id": "siperneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sisorarneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "skiing" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sisorarneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "skiing", "da": "skiløb", "da_short": "skiløb", "en_short": "skiing", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skiløb", "singular_definite": "skiløbet", "plural": "skiløb", "plural_definite": "skiløbene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sisorarneq#e14279", "Oqaatsit1997:sisorarneq#e15199", "WordList2018:skiing#e3319", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94905" ], "id": "sisorarneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sissinnguaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "squirrel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sissinnguaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "squirrel", "da": "egern", "da_short": "egern", "en_short": "squirrel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "egern", "singular_definite": "egernet", "plural": "egern", "plural_definite": [ "egernene", "egernerne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sissinnguaq#e14293", "Oqaatsit1997:sissinnguaq#e15213", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sissinnguaq#e15740", "WordList2018:squirrel#e3475", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.59761" ], "id": "sissinnguaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "siunissaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "future" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siunissaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "future", "da": "fremtid", "da_short": "fremtid", "en_short": "future", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fremtid", "singular_definite": "fremtiden", "plural": "fremtider", "plural_definite": "fremtiderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siunissaq#e14384", "Oqaatsit1997:siunissaq#e15305", "WordList2018:future#e1458", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42795" ], "id": "siunissaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "siuteroq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "snail" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "underlying_form": "siuteroq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 explicitly attest this noun class and its paradigm. This profile records the cited class; no historical root, productive derivation or unrestricted possessed paradigm is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "snail", "da": "snegl", "da_short": "snegl", "en_short": "snail", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "snegl", "singular_definite": "sneglen", "plural": "snegle", "plural_definite": "sneglene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siuteroq#e14401", "Oqaatsit1997:siuteroq#e15324", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siuteroq#e16232", "WordList2018:snail#e3363", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70577" ], "id": "siuteroq", "category": "nouns" } ], "siuusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bowsprit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siuusaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bowsprit", "da": "bovspryd", "da_short": "bovspryd", "en_short": "bowsprit", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bovspryd", "singular_definite": "bovsprydet", "plural": "bovspryd", "plural_definite": "bovsprydene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siuusaq#e14409", "Oqaatsit1997:siuusaq#e15332", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siuusaq#e16699", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63935" ], "id": "siuusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sorsunneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "war" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sorsunneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "war", "da": "krig", "da_short": "krig", "en_short": "war", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "krig", "singular_definite": "krigen", "plural": "krige", "plural_definite": "krigene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sorsunneq#e14522", "Oqaatsit1997:sorsunneq#e15450", "WordList2018:war#e4045", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42067" ], "id": "sorsunneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sulisitsisoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "employer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sulisitsisoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "employer", "da": "arbejdsgiver", "da_short": "arbejdsgiver", "en_short": "employer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "arbejdsgiver", "singular_definite": "arbejdsgiveren", "plural": "arbejdsgivere", "plural_definite": "arbejdsgiverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sulisitsisoq#e14716", "Oqaatsit1997:sulisitsisoq#e15643", "WordList2018:employer#e1108", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81261" ], "id": "sulisitsisoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sullineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "insect" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sullineq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "insect", "da": "insekt", "da_short": "insekt", "en_short": "insect", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "insekt", "singular_definite": "insektet", "plural": "insekter", "plural_definite": "insekterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sullineq#e14735", "Oqaatsit1997:sullineq#e15662", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sullineq#e16497", "WordList2018:insect#e1851", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91071" ], "id": "sullineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "takornariaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tourist" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "takornariaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tourist", "da": "turist", "da_short": "turist", "en_short": "tourist", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "turist", "singular_definite": "turisten", "plural": "turister", "plural_definite": "turisterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:takornariaq#e15140", "Oqaatsit1997:takornariaq#e16140", "WordList2018:tourist#e3845", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68569" ], "id": "takornariaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tarrarsuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mirror" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tarrarsuut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mirror", "da": "spejl", "da_short": "spejl", "en_short": "mirror", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "spejl", "singular_definite": "spejlet", "plural": "spejle", "plural_definite": "spejlene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tarrarsuut#e15516", "Oqaatsit1997:tarrarsuut#e16488", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tarrarsuut#e17531", "WordList2018:mirror#e2270", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82665" ], "id": "tarrarsuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "tattoqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wedge" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tattoqut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wedge", "da": "kile", "da_short": "kile", "en_short": "wedge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kile", "singular_definite": "kilen", "plural": "kiler", "plural_definite": "kilerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tattoqut#e15613", "Oqaatsit1997:tattoqut#e16576", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tattoqut#e17669", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89141" ], "id": "tattoqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "terianniaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fox" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "terianniaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fox", "da": "ræv", "da_short": "ræv", "en_short": "fox", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ræv", "singular_definite": "ræven", "plural": "ræve", "plural_definite": "rævene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:terianniaq#e15660", "Oqaatsit1997:terianniaq#e16624", "SchultzLorentzen1927:terianniaq#e17757", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76967" ], "id": "terianniaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "teriarsuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rat" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "teriarsuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rat", "da": "rotte", "da_short": "rotte", "en_short": "rat", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rotte", "singular_definite": "rotten", "plural": "rotter", "plural_definite": "rotterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:teriarsuaq#e15665", "Oqaatsit1997:teriarsuaq#e16629", "WordList2018:rat#e2899", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75734" ], "id": "teriarsuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tiguaasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "conqueror" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tiguaasoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "conqueror", "da": "erobrer", "da_short": "erobrer", "en_short": "conqueror", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "erobrer", "singular_definite": "erobreren", "plural": "erobrere", "plural_definite": "erobrerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tiguaasoq#e15710", "Oqaatsit1997:tiguaasoq#e16665", "WordList2018:conqueror#e748", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.80655" ], "id": "tiguaasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tiiporti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tea pot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tiiporti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tea pot", "en_short": "tea pot", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tiiporti#e15750", "Oqaatsit1997:tiiporti#e16700", "WordList2018:tea pot#e3683" ], "id": "tiiporti", "category": "nouns" } ], "tissaluttuliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fountain" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tissaluttuliaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fountain", "da": "springvand", "da_short": "springvand", "en_short": "fountain", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "springvand", "singular_definite": "springvandet", "plural": "springvand", "plural_definite": "springvandene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tissaluttuliaq#e15986", "Oqaatsit1997:tissaluttuliaq#e16923", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tissaluttuliaq#e17830", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74534" ], "id": "tissaluttuliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "apusineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "snow drift" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "apusineq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "snow drift", "da": "snedrive", "da_short": "snedrive", "en_short": "snow drift", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "snedrive", "singular_definite": "snedriven", "plural": "snedriver", "plural_definite": "snedriverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:apusineq#e1662", "Oqaatsit1997:apusineq#e1691", "SchultzLorentzen1927:apusineq#e1896", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.66887" ], "id": "apusineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "apustili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Apostle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "apustili", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Apostle", "da": "apostel", "da_short": "apostel", "en_short": "Apostle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "apostel", "singular_definite": "apostlen", "plural": "apostle", "plural_definite": "apostlene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:apustili#e1665", "Oqaatsit1997:apustili#e1694", "SchultzLorentzen1927:apustili#e1888", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60083" ], "id": "apustili", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqerluusaasivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pencil box" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqerluusaasivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pencil box", "da": "penalhus", "da_short": "penalhus", "en_short": "pencil box", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": [ "penalhus", "pennalhus" ], "singular_definite": [ "penalhuset", "pennalhuset" ], "plural": [ "penalhuse", "pennalhuse" ], "plural_definite": [ "penalhusene", "pennalhusene" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqerluusaasivik#e1699", "Oqaatsit1997:aqerluusaasivik#e1728", "WordList2018:pencil box#e2631", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98508" ], "id": "aqerluusaasivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqerluusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pencil" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqerluusaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pencil", "da": "blyant", "da_short": "blyant", "en_short": "pencil", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "blyant", "singular_definite": "blyanten", "plural": "blyanter", "plural_definite": "blyanterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqerluusaq#e1700", "Oqaatsit1997:aqerluusaq#e1729", "WordList2018:pencil#e2630", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78681" ], "id": "aqerluusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "titartaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ruler" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "titartaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ruler", "da": "lineal", "da_short": "lineal", "en_short": "ruler", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lineal", "singular_definite": "linealen", "plural": "linealer", "plural_definite": "linealerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:titartaat#e16019", "Oqaatsit1997:titartaat#e16954", "WordList2018:ruler#e3074", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64561" ], "id": "titartaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "traktori": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tractor" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "traktori", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tractor", "da": "traktor", "da_short": "traktor", "en_short": "tractor", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "traktor", "singular_definite": "traktoren", "plural": "traktorer", "plural_definite": "traktorerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:traktori#e16160", "Oqaatsit1997:traktori#e17091", "WordList2018:tractor#e3861", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43373" ], "id": "traktori", "category": "nouns" } ], "trillebøri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wheelbarrow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "trillebøri", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wheelbarrow", "da": "trillebør", "da_short": "trillebør", "en_short": "wheelbarrow", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "trillebør", "singular_definite": "trillebøren", "plural": "trillebøre", "plural_definite": "trillebørene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:trillebøri#e16164", "Oqaatsit1997:trillebøri#e17095", "WordList2018:wheelbarrow#e4127", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92754" ], "id": "trillebøri", "category": "nouns" } ], "tumerparpaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "drum" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tumerparpaaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "The modern Danish row qualifies its drum reading as non-Eskimo; no equivalence with qilaat or productive derivation from tumi is admitted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "drum", "en_short": "drum", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tumerparpaaq#e16293", "Oqaatsit1997:tumerparpaaq#e17219", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tumerparpaaq#e18517" ], "id": "tumerparpaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tungusunnitsuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "honey" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tungusunnitsuut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "honey", "da": "honning", "da_short": "honning", "en_short": "honey", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "honning", "singular_definite": "honningen", "plural": "honninger", "plural_definite": "honningerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tungusunnitsuut#e16336", "Oqaatsit1997:tungusunnitsuut#e17258", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tungusunnitsuut#e18670", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84996" ], "id": "tungusunnitsuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "tunnulik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "blue whale" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tunnulik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "blue whale", "da": "blåhval", "da_short": "blåhval", "en_short": "blue whale", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "blåhval", "singular_definite": "blåhvalen", "plural": "blåhvaler", "plural_definite": "blåhvalerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tunnulik#e16389", "Oqaatsit1997:tunnulik#e17304", "WordList2018:blue whale#e4323", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71942" ], "id": "tunnulik", "category": "nouns" } ], "tunusuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nape" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tunusuk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nape", "da": "nakke", "da_short": "nakke", "en_short": "nape", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "nakke", "singular_definite": "nakken", "plural": "nakker", "plural_definite": "nakkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tunusuk#e16424", "Oqaatsit1997:tunusuk#e17335", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tunusuk#e18605", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61407" ], "id": "tunusuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "tupaarnaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "thyme" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tupaarnaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thyme", "en_short": "thyme", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tupaarnaq#e16428", "Oqaatsit1997:tupaarnaq#e17338", "WordList2018:thyme#e4382" ], "id": "tupaarnaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tusarnaartitsineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "concert" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tusarnaartitsineq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "concert", "da": "koncert", "da_short": "koncert", "en_short": "concert", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "koncert", "singular_definite": "koncerten", "plural": "koncerter", "plural_definite": "koncerterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tusarnaartitsineq#e16509", "Oqaatsit1997:tusarnaartitsineq#e17408", "WordList2018:concert#e741", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.50658" ], "id": "tusarnaartitsineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tuttorsuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "deer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuttorsuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "deer", "en_short": "deer", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuttorsuaq#e16560", "Oqaatsit1997:tuttorsuaq#e17463", "WordList2018:deer#e911" ], "id": "tuttorsuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tuugaalik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "narwhale" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuugaalik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "narwhale", "da": "narhval", "da_short": "narhval", "en_short": "narwhale", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "narhval", "singular_definite": "narhvalen", "plural": "narhvaler", "plural_definite": "narhvalerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tuugaalik#e16572", "Oqaatsit1997:tuugaalik#e17475", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tuugaalik#e18325", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70011" ], "id": "tuugaalik", "category": "nouns" } ], "uanitsoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "onion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uanitsoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "onion", "da": "løg", "da_short": "løg", "en_short": "onion", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "løg", "singular_definite": "løget", "plural": "løg", "plural_definite": "løgene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uanitsoq#e16624", "Oqaatsit1997:uanitsoq#e17585", "WordList2018:onion#e2505", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43653" ], "id": "uanitsoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uillarneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "widow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uillarneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "widow", "da": "enke", "da_short": "enke", "en_short": "widow", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "enke", "singular_definite": "enken", "plural": "enker", "plural_definite": "enkerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uillarneq#e16685", "Oqaatsit1997:uillarneq#e17649", "SchultzLorentzen1927:uillarneq#e20028", "WordList2018:widow#e4157", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67259" ], "id": "uillarneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ulimmavik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "chopping block" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ulimmavik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "chopping block", "en_short": "chopping block", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulimmavik#e16908", "Oqaatsit1997:ulimmavik#e17870", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ulimmavik#e19265" ], "id": "ulimmavik", "category": "nouns" } ], "ulloriarsiorfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "observatory" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ulloriarsiorfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "observatory", "en_short": "observatory", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulloriarsiorfik#e16957", "Oqaatsit1997:ulloriarsiorfik#e17923", "WordList2018:observatory#e2466" ], "id": "ulloriarsiorfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "ulussaarsuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hurricane" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ulussaarsuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hurricane", "da": "orkan", "da_short": "orkan", "en_short": "hurricane", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "orkan", "singular_definite": "orkanen", "plural": "orkaner", "plural_definite": "orkanerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulussaarsuaq#e17022", "Oqaatsit1997:ulussaarsuaq#e17989", "WordList2018:hurricane#e1787", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86643" ], "id": "ulussaarsuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "umiariaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "canoe" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "umiariaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "canoe", "da": "kano", "da_short": "kano", "en_short": "canoe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kano", "singular_definite": "kanoen", "plural": "kanoer", "plural_definite": "kanoerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:umiariaq#e17043", "Oqaatsit1997:umiariaq#e18010", "WordList2018:canoe#e497", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.60326" ], "id": "umiariaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "umiarsuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ship" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "umiarsuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ship", "da": "skib", "da_short": "skib", "en_short": "ship", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skib", "singular_definite": "skibet", "plural": "skibe", "plural_definite": "skibene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:umiarsuaq#e17054", "Oqaatsit1997:umiarsuaq#e18019", "WordList2018:ship#e3248", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62696" ], "id": "umiarsuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uniaaluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ant" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uniaaluk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ant", "da": "myre", "da_short": "myre", "en_short": "ant", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "myre", "singular_definite": "myren", "plural": "myrer", "plural_definite": "myrerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uniaaluk#e17179", "Oqaatsit1997:uniaaluk#e18151", "SchultzLorentzen1927:uniaaluk#e19540", "WordList2018:ant#e4262", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63545" ], "id": "uniaaluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "universiteti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "university" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "universiteti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "university", "da": "universitet", "da_short": "universitet", "en_short": "university", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "universitet", "singular_definite": "universitetet", "plural": "universiteter", "plural_definite": "universiteterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:universiteti#e17216", "Oqaatsit1997:universiteti#e18190", "WordList2018:university#e3956", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93337" ], "id": "universiteti", "category": "nouns" } ], "unnuariannguaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nightingale" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unnuariannguaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nightingale", "en_short": "nightingale", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unnuariannguaq#e17259", "Oqaatsit1997:unnuariannguaq#e18232", "WordList2018:nightingale#e2414" ], "id": "unnuariannguaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "utaqqisarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "waiting room" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "utaqqisarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "waiting room", "en_short": "waiting room", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:utaqqisarfik#e17440", "Oqaatsit1997:utaqqisarfik#e18421", "WordList2018:waiting room#e4029" ], "id": "utaqqisarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "uunnaavik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kettle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uunnaavik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kettle", "en_short": "kettle", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uunnaavik#e17609", "Oqaatsit1997:uunnaavik#e18587", "SchultzLorentzen1927:uunnaavik#e19457", "WordList2018:kettle#e1947" ], "id": "uunnaavik", "category": "nouns" } ], "viinnissaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "grape" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "viinnissaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grape", "en_short": "grape", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:viinnissaq#e17653", "Oqaatsit1997:viinnissaq#e18670", "SchultzLorentzen1927:viinnissaq#e20157" ], "id": "viinnissaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "yoghurti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "yoghurt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "yoghurti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "yoghurt", "en_short": "yoghurt", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:yoghurti#e17678", "Oqaatsit1997:yoghurti#e18717", "WordList2018:yoghurt#e4250" ], "id": "yoghurti", "category": "nouns" } ], "arnaasaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "an effeminate man" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arnaasaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence.", "The literal cited descriptive wording is retained as source evidence; usage register and contemporary acceptability are not established." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "an effeminate man", "en_short": "an effeminate man", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arnaasaq#e1853", "Oqaatsit1997:arnaasaq#e1882", "SchultzLorentzen1927:arnaasaq#e2073" ], "id": "arnaasaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "arnassaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stepmother" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arnassaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stepmother", "da": "stedmor; stedmoder", "en_short": "stepmother", "da_short": "stedmor", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arnassaq#e1868", "Oqaatsit1997:arnassaq#e1899", "SchultzLorentzen1927:arnassaq#e2060" ], "id": "arnassaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "arpattartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "runner" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arpattartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "runner", "da": "løber", "da_short": "løber", "en_short": "runner", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "løber", "singular_definite": "løberen", "plural": "løbere", "plural_definite": "løberne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arpattartoq#e1885", "Oqaatsit1997:arpattartoq#e1920", "WordList2018:runner#e3080", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44895" ], "id": "arpattartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "arsakoorfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ashtray" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arsakoorfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; no productive derivation, declension class or inflectional alternation is inferred from dictionary word evidence." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ashtray", "en_short": "ashtray", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arsakoorfik#e1910", "Oqaatsit1997:arsakoorfik#e1945", "WordList2018:ashtray#e166" ], "id": "arsakoorfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "aapakaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "monkey; ape" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aapakaaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "monkey; ape", "en_short": "monkey; ape", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aapakaaq#e197", "Oqaatsit1997:aapakaaq#e198", "WordList2018:monkey#e4284", "WordList2018:ape#e127" ], "id": "aapakaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aarluarsuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dolphin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aarluarsuk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dolphin", "en_short": "dolphin", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarluarsuk#e292", "Oqaatsit1997:aarluarsuk#e290", "WordList2018:dolphin#e997" ], "id": "aarluarsuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "assiliisoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "photographer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assiliisoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "photographer", "en_short": "photographer", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assiliisoq#e2079", "Oqaatsit1997:assiliisoq#e2118", "WordList2018:photographer#e2654" ], "id": "assiliisoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ataatsimiinneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "meeting" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ataatsimiinneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "meeting", "en_short": "meeting", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ataatsimiinneq#e2176", "Oqaatsit1997:ataatsimiinneq#e2215", "WordList2018:meeting#e2235" ], "id": "ataatsimiinneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "atisaasivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wardrobe" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atisaasivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wardrobe", "en_short": "wardrobe", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atisaasivik#e2248", "Oqaatsit1997:atisaasivik#e2290", "SchultzLorentzen1927:atisaasivik#e2538", "WordList2018:wardrobe#e4048" ], "id": "atisaasivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "atuagassiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "magazine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atuagassiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "magazine", "en_short": "magazine", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuagassiaq#e2381", "Oqaatsit1997:atuagassiaq#e2434", "WordList2018:magazine#e2163" ], "id": "atuagassiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "atuartartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "reader" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atuartartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "reader", "en_short": "reader", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuartartoq#e2414", "Oqaatsit1997:atuartartoq#e2467", "WordList2018:reader#e2915" ], "id": "atuartartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "atuartitsisoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "teacher" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atuartitsisoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "teacher", "en_short": "teacher", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuartitsisoq#e2415", "Oqaatsit1997:atuartitsisoq#e2468", "SchultzLorentzen1927:atuartitsisoq#e2618" ], "id": "atuartitsisoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "atuartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pupil" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atuartoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pupil", "en_short": "pupil", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuartoq#e2417", "Oqaatsit1997:atuartoq#e2470", "WordList2018:pupil#e2840" ], "id": "atuartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqqartuussisoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "judge" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqqartuussisoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "judge", "en_short": "judge", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqartuussisoq#e2901", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqartuussisoq#e3003", "WordList2018:judge#e1927" ], "id": "eqqartuussisoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "eqqartuussivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "courtroom" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqqartuussivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "courtroom", "en_short": "courtroom", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqartuussivik#e2910", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqartuussivik#e3012", "WordList2018:courtroom#e805" ], "id": "eqqartuussivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "erinniaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tune" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erinniaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tune", "en_short": "tune", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erinniaq#e3025", "Oqaatsit1997:erinniaq#e3118", "SchultzLorentzen1927:erinniaq#e3281" ], "id": "erinniaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "errorsissut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "washing machine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "errorsissut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "washing machine", "da": "vaskemaskine", "da_short": "vaskemaskine", "en_short": "washing machine", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vaskemaskine", "singular_definite": "vaskemaskinen", "plural": "vaskemaskiner", "plural_definite": "vaskemaskinerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:errorsissut#e3107", "Oqaatsit1997:errorsissut#e3206", "WordList2018:washing machine#e4061", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43790" ], "id": "errorsissut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ferskeni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "peach" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ferskeni", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "peach", "da": "fersken", "da_short": "fersken", "en_short": "peach", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fersken", "singular_definite": "ferskenen", "plural": [ "ferskner", "ferskener" ], "plural_definite": [ "fersknerne", "ferskenerne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ferskeni#e3182", "Oqaatsit1997:ferskeni#e3292", "WordList2018:peach#e2617", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.85053" ], "id": "ferskeni", "category": "nouns" } ], "filmertarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cinema" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "filmertarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cinema", "da": "biograf", "da_short": "biograf", "en_short": "cinema", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "biograf", "singular_definite": "biografen", "plural": "biografer", "plural_definite": "biograferne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:filmertarfik#e3194", "Oqaatsit1997:filmertarfik#e3298", "WordList2018:cinema#e626", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69783" ], "id": "filmertarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "iisartagaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pill" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iisartagaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: iisartagaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pill", "en_short": "pill", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iisartagaq#e3438", "Oqaatsit1997:iisartagaq#e3581", "WordList2018:pill#e2672", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "iisartagaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikaartaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ferry" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikaartaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ferry", "da": "færge", "da_short": "færge", "en_short": "ferry", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "færge", "singular_definite": "færgen", "plural": "færger", "plural_definite": "færgerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikaartaat#e3461", "Oqaatsit1997:ikaartaat#e3602", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ikaartaat#e3943", "WordList2018:ferry#e1251", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92965" ], "id": "ikaartaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikiorti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "helper" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikiorti", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "helper", "da": "medhjælper", "da_short": "medhjælper", "en_short": "helper", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "medhjælper", "singular_definite": "medhjælperen", "plural": "medhjælpere", "plural_definite": "medhjælperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikiorti#e3543", "Oqaatsit1997:ikiorti#e3681", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ikiorti#e4003", "WordList2018:helper#e1686", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67223" ], "id": "ikiorti", "category": "nouns" } ], "ikumatitaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bonfire" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikumatitaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bonfire", "da": "bål", "da_short": "bål", "en_short": "bonfire", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bål", "singular_definite": "bålet", "plural": "bål", "plural_definite": "bålene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikumatitaq#e3625", "Oqaatsit1997:ikumatitaq#e3759", "WordList2018:bonfire#e363", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63946" ], "id": "ikumatitaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ileqqoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "custom" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ileqqoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "custom", "en_short": "custom", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ileqqoq#e3762", "Oqaatsit1997:ileqqoq#e3883", "WordList2018:custom#e863" ], "id": "ileqqoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilisineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "funeral" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilisineq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "funeral", "en_short": "funeral", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilisineq#e3901", "Oqaatsit1997:ilisineq#e4019", "WordList2018:funeral#e1449" ], "id": "ilisineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilisserut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pattern" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilisserut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pattern", "da": "mønster", "da_short": "mønster", "en_short": "pattern", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mønster", "singular_definite": [ "mønstret", "mønsteret" ], "plural": "mønstre", "plural_definite": "mønstrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilisserut#e3910", "Oqaatsit1997:ilisserut#e4027", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ilisserut#e4291", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42341" ], "id": "ilisserut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilitsersuisoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "instructor" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilitsersuisoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "instructor", "en_short": "instructor", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilitsersuisoq#e3914", "Oqaatsit1997:ilitsersuisoq#e4031", "WordList2018:instructor#e1859" ], "id": "ilitsersuisoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "illerfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "coffin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illerfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "coffin", "en_short": "coffin", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illerfik#e3962", "Oqaatsit1997:illerfik#e4077", "WordList2018:coffin#e688" ], "id": "illerfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "illoqarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "town" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illoqarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "town", "en_short": "town", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illoqarfik#e3995", "Oqaatsit1997:illoqarfik#e4111", "WordList2018:town#e3850" ], "id": "illoqarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajaappiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stick" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajaappiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stick", "en_short": "stick", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajaappiaq#e440", "Oqaatsit1997:ajaappiaq#e442", "WordList2018:stick#e3514" ], "id": "ajaappiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajunaarnersuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "catastrophe" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajunaarnersuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "catastrophe", "da": "katastrofe", "da_short": "katastrofe", "en_short": "catastrophe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "katastrofe", "singular_definite": "katastrofen", "plural": "katastrofer", "plural_definite": "katastroferne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajunaarnersuaq#e557", "Oqaatsit1997:ajunaarnersuaq#e560", "WordList2018:catastrophe#e535", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79467" ], "id": "ajunaarnersuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "imertaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "water pail" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "imertaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "water pail", "en_short": "water pail", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imertaat#e4266", "Oqaatsit1997:imertaat#e4390", "SchultzLorentzen1927:imertaat#e4825" ], "id": "imertaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "immikkoortortaqarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "branch" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "immikkoortortaqarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "branch", "en_short": "branch", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immikkoortortaqarfik#e4335", "Oqaatsit1997:immikkoortortaqarfik#e4458", "WordList2018:branch#e392" ], "id": "immikkoortortaqarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "inassut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "order" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inassut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "order", "en_short": "order", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inassut#e4422", "Oqaatsit1997:inassut#e4537", "SchultzLorentzen1927:inassut#e4908" ], "id": "inassut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ingerlavik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "route" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ingerlavik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "route", "en_short": "route", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ingerlavik#e4510", "Oqaatsit1997:ingerlavik#e4627", "WordList2018:route#e3056" ], "id": "ingerlavik", "category": "nouns" } ], "innganeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dregs" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "innganeq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dregs", "da": "bundfald", "da_short": "bundfald", "en_short": "dregs", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bundfald", "singular_definite": "bundfaldet", "plural": "bundfald", "plural_definite": "bundfaldene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:innganeq#e4602", "Oqaatsit1997:innganeq#e4723", "SchultzLorentzen1927:innganeq#e5244", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89819" ], "id": "innganeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "inuiaassuseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nationality" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inuiaassuseq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: inuiaassuseq has a literal single consonant in -seq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and s becomes ts before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nationality", "da": "nationalitet", "da_short": "nationalitet", "en_short": "nationality", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "nationalitet", "singular_definite": "nationaliteten", "plural": "nationaliteter", "plural_definite": "nationaliteterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inuiaassuseq#e4691", "Oqaatsit1997:inuiaassuseq#e4814", "WordList2018:nationality#e2371", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73279" ], "id": "inuiaassuseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "isertarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "entrance" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isertarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "entrance", "da": "indgang", "da_short": "indgang", "en_short": "entrance", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "indgang", "singular_definite": "indgangen", "plural": "indgange", "plural_definite": "indgangene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isertarfik#e4945", "Oqaatsit1997:isertarfik#e5069", "SchultzLorentzen1927:isertarfik#e5648", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61192" ], "id": "isertarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "issingersit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sieve" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "issingersit", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sieve", "en_short": "sieve", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:issingersit#e5087", "Oqaatsit1997:issingersit#e5219", "SchultzLorentzen1927:issingersit#e6021" ], "id": "issingersit", "category": "nouns" } ], "itersaliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "itersaliaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pit", "en_short": "pit", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:itersaliaq#e5262", "Oqaatsit1997:itersaliaq#e5408", "WordList2018:pit#e2682" ], "id": "itersaliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaffequt": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "coffee tree" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaffequt", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "coffee tree", "en_short": "coffee tree", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaffequt#e5492", "Oqaatsit1997:kaffequt#e5694", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kaffequt#e8694" ], "id": "kaffequt", "category": "nouns" } ], "katsorsaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "medicine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "katsorsaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "medicine", "da": "medicin", "da_short": "medicin", "en_short": "medicine", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "medicin", "singular_definite": "medicinen", "plural": "mediciner", "plural_definite": "medicinerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:katsorsaat#e5848", "Oqaatsit1997:katsorsaat#e6099", "SchultzLorentzen1927:katsorsaat#e8634", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.53442" ], "id": "katsorsaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiassaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "radiator" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiassaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "radiator", "en_short": "radiator", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiassaat#e5899", "Oqaatsit1997:kiassaat#e6153", "WordList2018:radiator#e2879" ], "id": "kiassaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "akigititaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rate" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akigititaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rate", "da": "takst", "da_short": "takst", "en_short": "rate", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "takst", "singular_definite": "taksten", "plural": "takster", "plural_definite": "taksterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akigititaq#e620", "Oqaatsit1997:akigititaq#e623", "WordList2018:rate#e2900", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.59619" ], "id": "akigititaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akiniaaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "revenge" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akiniaaneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "revenge", "da": "hævn", "da_short": "hævn", "en_short": "revenge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hævn", "singular_definite": "hævnen" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akiniaaneq#e699", "Oqaatsit1997:akiniaaneq#e707", "WordList2018:revenge#e2997", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.58497" ], "id": "akiniaaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiserliorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "loneliness" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiserliorneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "loneliness", "da": "ensomhed", "da_short": "ensomhed", "en_short": "loneliness", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ensomhed", "singular_definite": "ensomheden" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiserliorneq#e6285", "Oqaatsit1997:kiserliorneq#e6560", "WordList2018:loneliness#e2105", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72693" ], "id": "kiserliorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kissaallak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "brandy" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kissaallak", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "brandy", "da": "snaps", "da_short": "snaps", "en_short": "brandy", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "snaps", "singular_definite": "snapsen", "plural": "snapse", "plural_definite": "snapsene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kissaallak#e6313", "Oqaatsit1997:kissaallak#e6590", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kissaallak#e9311", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76467" ], "id": "kissaallak", "category": "nouns" } ], "kissarsuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "stove" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kissarsuut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stove", "en_short": "stove", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kissarsuut#e6330", "Oqaatsit1997:kissarsuut#e6607", "WordList2018:stove#e3537" ], "id": "kissarsuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "kuisimanngitsoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "heathen" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kuisimanngitsoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved.", "Retain only the literal cited heathen reading. Contemporary register and any equivalence between religious identity and baptism status are not established." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "heathen", "en_short": "heathen", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kuisimanngitsoq#e6489", "Oqaatsit1997:kuisimanngitsoq#e6766", "WordList2018:heathen#e1675" ], "id": "kuisimanngitsoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kuisimasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Christian" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kuisimasoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved.", "The literal Christian reading has an explicitly nominal baptized-person sibling in the primary source. No universal equation of religious identity with baptism status or productive participle rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Christian", "en_short": "Christian", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kuisimasoq#e6490", "Oqaatsit1997:kuisimasoq#e6767", "WordList2018:Christian#e614" ], "id": "kuisimasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kukkuneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mistake" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kukkuneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mistake", "en_short": "mistake", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kukkuneq#e6541", "Oqaatsit1997:kukkuneq#e6818", "WordList2018:mistake#e2276" ], "id": "kukkuneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kussiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ditch" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kussiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ditch", "da": "grøft", "da_short": "grøft", "en_short": "ditch", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "grøft", "singular_definite": "grøften", "plural": "grøfter", "plural_definite": "grøfterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kussiaq#e6635", "Oqaatsit1997:kussiaq#e6916", "WordList2018:ditch#e981", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73337" ], "id": "kussiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "maniilaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "unevenness" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "maniilaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "unevenness", "da": "ujævnhed", "da_short": "ujævnhed", "en_short": "unevenness", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ujævnhed", "singular_definite": "ujævnheden", "plural": "ujævnheder", "plural_definite": "ujævnhederne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:maniilaq#e6983", "Oqaatsit1997:maniilaq#e7374", "SchultzLorentzen1927:maniilaq#e10054", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91080" ], "id": "maniilaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "marluliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "twin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "marluliaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "twin", "da": "tvilling", "da_short": "tvilling", "en_short": "twin", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tvilling", "singular_definite": "tvillingen", "plural": "tvillinger", "plural_definite": "tvillingerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:marluliaq#e7078", "Oqaatsit1997:marluliaq#e7476", "SchultzLorentzen1927:marluliaq#e10137", "WordList2018:twin#e3927", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.66167" ], "id": "marluliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "mattuffik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "monastery" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mattuffik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "monastery", "da": "kloster", "da_short": "kloster", "en_short": "monastery", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kloster", "singular_definite": [ "klostret", "klosteret" ], "plural": "klostre", "plural_definite": "klostrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mattuffik#e7179", "Oqaatsit1997:mattuffik#e7573", "WordList2018:monastery#e2292", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.54467" ], "id": "mattuffik", "category": "nouns" } ], "meriarsaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "emetic" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "meriarsaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "emetic", "en_short": "emetic", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:meriarsaat#e7270", "Oqaatsit1997:meriarsaat#e7665", "SchultzLorentzen1927:meriarsaat#e10314" ], "id": "meriarsaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "minutsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "minute" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "minutsi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "minute", "en_short": "minute", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:minutsi#e7408", "Oqaatsit1997:minutsi#e7810", "WordList2018:minute#e2269" ], "id": "minutsi", "category": "nouns" } ], "misigissut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sense" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misigissut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sense", "en_short": "sense", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misigissut#e7432", "Oqaatsit1997:misigissut#e7834", "SchultzLorentzen1927:misigissut#e10564" ], "id": "misigissut", "category": "nouns" } ], "naalaffik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "temple" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naalaffik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "temple", "en_short": "temple", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naalaffik#e7599", "Oqaatsit1997:naalaffik#e8020", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naalaffik#e11086", "WordList2018:temple#e3708" ], "id": "naalaffik", "category": "nouns" } ], "naalungiarsuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "baby" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naalungiarsuk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "baby", "en_short": "baby", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naalungiarsuk#e7682", "Oqaatsit1997:naalungiarsuk#e8119", "WordList2018:baby#e215" ], "id": "naalungiarsuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "naasorissaaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "farming" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naasorissaaneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "farming", "da": "landbrug", "da_short": "landbrug", "en_short": "farming", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "landbrug", "singular_definite": "landbruget", "plural": "landbrug", "plural_definite": "landbrugene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naasorissaaneq#e7767", "Oqaatsit1997:naasorissaaneq#e8213", "WordList2018:farming#e1222", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.46533" ], "id": "naasorissaaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "naasorissaasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "farmer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naasorissaasoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "farmer", "en_short": "farmer", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naasorissaasoq#e7768", "Oqaatsit1997:naasorissaasoq#e8214", "WordList2018:farmer#e1221" ], "id": "naasorissaasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "naggasiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "conclusion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naggasiut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "conclusion", "en_short": "conclusion", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naggasiut#e7826", "Oqaatsit1997:naggasiut#e8274", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naggasiut#e10717" ], "id": "naggasiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "nakasuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "urinary bladder" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nakasuk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "urinary bladder", "da": "urinblære", "da_short": "urinblære", "en_short": "urinary bladder", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "urinblære", "singular_definite": "urinblæren", "plural": "urinblærer", "plural_definite": "urinblærerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nakasuk#e7892", "Oqaatsit1997:nakasuk#e8350", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nakasuk#e10982", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71457" ], "id": "nakasuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "nakasunnaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "calf (lower leg)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nakasunnaaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved.", "The calf reading is the body part: primary English also lists lower leg and calf muscle; the Danish row gives læg. The displayed qualifier lower leg clarifies this cited context, not the animal sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "calf (lower leg)", "en_short": "calf (lower leg)", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nakasunnaaq#e7894", "Oqaatsit1997:nakasunnaaq#e8352", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nakasunnaaq#e10984" ], "id": "nakasunnaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nakkartitsivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "filter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nakkartitsivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "filter", "en_short": "filter", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nakkartitsivik#e7931", "Oqaatsit1997:nakkartitsivik#e8393", "WordList2018:filter#e1270" ], "id": "nakkartitsivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "nakorsaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "doctor" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nakorsaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "doctor", "da": "læge", "da_short": "læge", "en_short": "doctor", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "læge", "singular_definite": "lægen", "plural": "læger", "plural_definite": "lægerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nakorsaq#e7956", "Oqaatsit1997:nakorsaq#e8418", "WordList2018:doctor#e992", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43531" ], "id": "nakorsaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nalaasaarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sofa" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalaasaarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sofa", "en_short": "sofa", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nalaasaarfik#e7990", "Oqaatsit1997:nalaasaarfik#e8458", "WordList2018:sofa#e3389" ], "id": "nalaasaarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "akuersissut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "permission" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akuersissut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "permission", "en_short": "permission", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akuersissut#e804", "Oqaatsit1997:akuersissut#e814", "WordList2018:permission#e2642" ], "id": "akuersissut", "category": "nouns" } ], "akunnittarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hotel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akunnittarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hotel", "en_short": "hotel", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akunnittarfik#e849", "Oqaatsit1997:akunnittarfik#e863", "WordList2018:hotel#e1758" ], "id": "akunnittarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "aliikkusersuineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "entertainment" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aliikkusersuineq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "entertainment", "en_short": "entertainment", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aliikkusersuineq#e915", "Oqaatsit1997:aliikkusersuineq#e929", "WordList2018:entertainment#e1126" ], "id": "aliikkusersuineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aliortugaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ghost" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aliortugaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: aliortugaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ghost", "da": "spøgelse", "da_short": "spøgelse", "en_short": "ghost", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "spøgelse", "singular_definite": "spøgelset", "plural": "spøgelser", "plural_definite": "spøgelserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aliortugaq#e925", "Oqaatsit1997:aliortugaq#e939", "WordList2018:ghost#e1501", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.89667" ], "id": "aliortugaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "allakkerivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "post office" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allakkerivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "post office", "en_short": "post office", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allakkerivik#e984", "Oqaatsit1997:allakkerivik#e1001", "WordList2018:post office#e2758" ], "id": "allakkerivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "nalimmatserut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "harrow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalimmatserut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "harrow", "da": "harve", "da_short": "harve", "en_short": "harrow", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "harve", "singular_definite": "harven", "plural": "harver", "plural_definite": "harverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nalimmatserut#e8044", "Oqaatsit1997:nalimmatserut#e8515", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nalimmatserut#e11190", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87623" ], "id": "nalimmatserut", "category": "nouns" } ], "nalluut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fishing line" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalluut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved.", "The Danish row qualifies the fishing apparatus as used from the shore. Other fishing-rod or fishing-pole readings and productive instrument formation are not approved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fishing line", "en_short": "fishing line", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nalluut#e8096", "Oqaatsit1997:nalluut#e8570", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nalluut#e11697" ], "id": "nalluut", "category": "nouns" } ], "nalorsitsaarut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "riddle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalorsitsaarut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "riddle", "en_short": "riddle", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nalorsitsaarut#e8112", "Oqaatsit1997:nalorsitsaarut#e8587", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nalorsitsaarut#e11202", "WordList2018:riddle#e3008" ], "id": "nalorsitsaarut", "category": "nouns" } ], "naluttarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "swimming pool" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naluttarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "swimming pool", "en_short": "swimming pool", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naluttarfik#e8166", "Oqaatsit1997:naluttarfik#e8646", "WordList2018:swimming pool#e3636" ], "id": "naluttarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "naneruuserfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "candlestick" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naneruuserfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "candlestick", "da": "lysestage", "da_short": "lysestage", "en_short": "candlestick", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lysestage", "singular_definite": "lysestagen", "plural": "lysestager", "plural_definite": "lysestagerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naneruuserfik#e8199", "Oqaatsit1997:naneruuserfik#e8683", "WordList2018:candlestick#e493", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68069" ], "id": "naneruuserfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "nappaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "illness; sickness" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nappaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "illness; sickness", "en_short": "illness; sickness", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nappaat#e8286", "Oqaatsit1997:nappaat#e8773", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nappaat#e11426", "WordList2018:sickness#e3276" ], "id": "nappaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "nassaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "find" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nassaaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "find", "en_short": "find", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nassaaq#e8406", "Oqaatsit1997:nassaaq#e8902", "WordList2018:find#e1275" ], "id": "nassaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nataqqoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cartilage" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nataqqoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cartilage", "da": "brusk", "da_short": "brusk", "en_short": "cartilage", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "brusk", "singular_definite": "brusken", "plural": "bruske", "plural_definite": "bruskene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nataqqoq#e8441", "Oqaatsit1997:nataqqoq#e8938", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nataqqoq#e11651", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.85128" ], "id": "nataqqoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nataqqornaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hail" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nataqqornaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hail", "en_short": "hail", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nataqqornaq#e8442", "Oqaatsit1997:nataqqornaq#e8939", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nataqqornaq#e11652" ], "id": "nataqqornaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "natersuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "carpet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "natersuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "carpet", "da": "gulvtæppe", "da_short": "gulvtæppe", "en_short": "carpet", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gulvtæppe", "singular_definite": "gulvtæppet", "plural": "gulvtæpper", "plural_definite": "gulvtæpperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:natersuaq#e8449", "Oqaatsit1997:natersuaq#e8947", "WordList2018:carpet#e519", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73691" ], "id": "natersuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nerisarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dining room" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nerisarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dining room", "en_short": "dining room", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nerisarfik#e8522", "Oqaatsit1997:nerisarfik#e9027", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nerisarfik#e11886" ], "id": "nerisarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "ningaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "son-in-law; brother-in-law" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ningaaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "son-in-law; brother-in-law", "en_short": "son-in-law; brother-in-law", "da": "svigersøn; svoger", "da_short": "svigersøn; svoger", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ningaaq#e8718", "Oqaatsit1997:ningaaq#e9238", "WordList2018:son-in-law#e3408", "WordList2018:brother-in-law#e425" ], "id": "ningaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "niuertarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shop" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niuertarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shop", "en_short": "shop", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niuertarfik#e8850", "Oqaatsit1997:niuertarfik#e9382", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niuertarfik#e12324" ], "id": "niuertarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "nuarluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "jellyfish" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuarluk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "jellyfish", "en_short": "jellyfish", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuarluk#e8968", "Oqaatsit1997:nuarluk#e9511", "WordList2018:jellyfish#e4308" ], "id": "nuarluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "oqaasilerineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "grammar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqaasilerineq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grammar", "en_short": "grammar", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqaasilerineq#e9324", "Oqaatsit1997:oqaasilerineq#e9962", "WordList2018:grammar#e1561" ], "id": "oqaasilerineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "oqaluttualiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "novel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqaluttualiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "novel", "en_short": "novel", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqaluttualiaq#e9426", "Oqaatsit1997:oqaluttualiaq#e10062", "WordList2018:novel#e2448" ], "id": "oqaluttualiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "oqaluttuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "story" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqaluttuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "story", "en_short": "story", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqaluttuaq#e9429", "Oqaatsit1997:oqaluttuaq#e10064", "WordList2018:story#e3535" ], "id": "oqaluttuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "oqinninnguaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "deer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqinninnguaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "deer", "da": "rådyr", "da_short": "rådyr", "en_short": "deer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rådyr", "singular_definite": "rådyret", "plural": "rådyr", "plural_definite": "rådyrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqinninnguaq#e9523", "Oqaatsit1997:oqinninnguaq#e10154", "SchultzLorentzen1927:oqinninnguaq#e12996", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.85542" ], "id": "oqinninnguaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ornigaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "destination" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ornigaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: ornigaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "destination", "en_short": "destination", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ornigaq#e9600", "Oqaatsit1997:ornigaq#e10234", "WordList2018:destination#e937", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "ornigaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "orpigaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bush" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "orpigaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: orpigaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bush", "en_short": "bush", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:orpigaq#e9607", "Oqaatsit1997:orpigaq#e10241", "WordList2018:bush#e451", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "orpigaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "paarmortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "reptile" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paarmortoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "reptile", "da": "krybdyr", "da_short": "krybdyr", "en_short": "reptile", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "krybdyr", "singular_definite": "krybdyret", "plural": "krybdyr", "plural_definite": "krybdyrene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paarmortoq#e9737", "Oqaatsit1997:paarmortoq#e10386", "WordList2018:reptile#e2981", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.67978" ], "id": "paarmortoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pajugut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "gift" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pajugut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gift", "en_short": "gift", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pajugut#e9827", "Oqaatsit1997:pajugut#e10489", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pajugut#e13164" ], "id": "pajugut", "category": "nouns" } ], "parnaarussivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "jail; prison" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "parnaarussivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "jail; prison", "en_short": "jail; prison", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:parnaarussivik#e9979", "Oqaatsit1997:parnaarussivik#e10639", "WordList2018:jail#e1901", "WordList2018:prison#e2797" ], "id": "parnaarussivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "allattarfissuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "blackboard" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allattarfissuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "blackboard", "en_short": "blackboard", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allattarfissuaq#e1039", "Oqaatsit1997:allattarfissuaq#e1057", "WordList2018:blackboard#e341" ], "id": "allattarfissuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "alussaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spoon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alussaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spoon", "da": "ske", "da_short": "ske", "en_short": "spoon", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ske", "singular_definite": "skeen", "plural": "skeer", "plural_definite": "skeerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alussaat#e1115", "Oqaatsit1997:alussaat#e1131", "WordList2018:spoon#e3462", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.45904" ], "id": "alussaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "periarfissaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "opportunity" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "periarfissaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "opportunity", "en_short": "opportunity", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:periarfissaq#e10163", "Oqaatsit1997:periarfissaq#e10841", "WordList2018:opportunity#e2518" ], "id": "periarfissaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "piginnittoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "owner; proprietor" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "piginnittoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "owner; proprietor", "en_short": "owner; proprietor", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piginnittoq#e10331", "Oqaatsit1997:piginnittoq#e11014", "WordList2018:owner#e2544", "WordList2018:proprietor#e2826" ], "id": "piginnittoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pinnguaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "toy" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pinnguaq", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the selected lexical sense and citation spelling. Other dictionary siblings and productive derivation remain unapproved; the cited grammar evidence separately supports the inflection profile.", "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e explicitly give the lexical toy noun pinngussap, pinngussat and pinngussamik. Admit its observed ss injection series without reconstructing an underlying consonant. Bjornum explicitly says this noun does not decline like suffix -nnguaq; no suffix-profile inheritance is admitted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "toy", "da": "legetøj", "da_short": "legetøj", "en_short": "toy", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "legetøj", "singular_definite": "legetøjet" } } }, "morphology_class": { "declension_class": "p", "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "strength": "weak", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e independently attest these nominal cells. No possessed forms or productive derivation are inferred.", "examples": [ { "surface": "pinngussap", "natural": "toy (relative singular)" }, { "surface": "pinngussat", "natural": "toy (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "pinngussamik", "natural": "toy (instrumental)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pinnguaq#e10664", "Oqaatsit1997:pinnguaq#e11363", "WordList2018:toy#e3856", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71913" ], "id": "pinnguaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pooqattaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "handbag" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pooqattaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "handbag", "da": "taske", "da_short": "taske", "en_short": "handbag", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "taske", "singular_definite": "tasken", "plural": "tasker", "plural_definite": "taskerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pooqattaq#e10956", "Oqaatsit1997:pooqattaq#e11679", "WordList2018:handbag#e1630", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84781" ], "id": "pooqattaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pujortulik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "steamer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pujortulik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "steamer", "en_short": "steamer", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pujortulik#e11128", "Oqaatsit1997:pujortulik#e11854", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pujortulik#e14593" ], "id": "pujortulik", "category": "nouns" } ], "punnerusaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vaseline" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "punnerusaaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vaseline", "en_short": "vaseline", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:punnerusaaq#e11197", "Oqaatsit1997:punnerusaaq#e11928", "SchultzLorentzen1927:punnerusaaq#e14672" ], "id": "punnerusaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qalipaasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "painter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qalipaasoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "painter", "en_short": "painter", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qalipaasoq#e11567", "Oqaatsit1997:qalipaasoq#e12331", "WordList2018:painter#e2558" ], "id": "qalipaasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qalipak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crust" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qalipak", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crust", "en_short": "crust", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qalipak#e11578", "Oqaatsit1997:qalipak#e12341", "WordList2018:crust#e846" ], "id": "qalipak", "category": "nouns" } ], "qanersoriaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mouth organ" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qanersoriaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mouth organ", "da": "mundharmonika", "da_short": "mundharmonika", "en_short": "mouth organ", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mundharmonika", "singular_definite": "mundharmonikaen", "plural": "mundharmonikaer", "plural_definite": "mundharmonikaerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qanersoriaq#e11688", "Oqaatsit1997:qanersoriaq#e12453", "WordList2018:mouth organ#e2323", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94060" ], "id": "qanersoriaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qarlortaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wind instrument" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qarlortaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wind instrument", "en_short": "wind instrument", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qarlortaat#e11891", "Oqaatsit1997:qarlortaat#e12654", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qarlortaat#e6702" ], "id": "qarlortaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "ammassaaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sardine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ammassaaraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Only the sardine reading is modeled here, supported by primary English, WordList2018:sardine and Ordbogen2003:sardin. Modern Danish gives anchovy; sardine and anchovy are not equated.", "Closed-ending rule review: ammassaaraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sardine", "en_short": "sardine", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ammassaaraq#e1214", "WordList2018:sardine#e3122", "Ordbogen2003:sardin#e25854", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "ammassaaraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "amusariaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "chest of drawers" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amusariaq", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations establish the selected lexical sense and citation spelling. Other dictionary siblings and productive derivation remain unapproved; the cited grammar evidence separately supports the inflection profile.", "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e explicitly give amusarissap, amusarissat and amusarissamik for the chest-of-drawers sense. The weak q-deleting injection operation records the observed ss cluster, not a reconstructed underlying consonant or productive derivation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "chest of drawers", "da": "kommode", "da_short": "kommode", "en_short": "chest of drawers", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kommode", "singular_definite": "kommoden", "plural": "kommoder", "plural_definite": "kommoderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "declension_class": "p", "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "strength": "weak", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e independently attest these nominal cells. No possessed forms or productive derivation are inferred.", "examples": [ { "surface": "amusarissap", "natural": "chest of drawers (relative singular)" }, { "surface": "amusarissat", "natural": "chest of drawers (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "amusarissamik", "natural": "chest of drawers (instrumental)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amusariaq#e1247", "Oqaatsit1997:amusariaq#e1269", "WordList2018:chest of drawers#e591", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97340" ], "id": "amusariaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "anartarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "toilet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anartarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "toilet", "en_short": "toilet", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anartarfik#e1279", "Oqaatsit1997:anartarfik#e1304", "WordList2018:toilet#e3820" ], "id": "anartarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "aneersuartarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "balcony" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aneersuartarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "balcony", "en_short": "balcony", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aneersuartarfik#e1285", "Oqaatsit1997:aneersuartarfik#e1310", "WordList2018:balcony#e235" ], "id": "aneersuartarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "angajulleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the oldest" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angajulleq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved.", "The nominal the oldest reading is supported by historical English and the senior noun entry in Ordbogen2003. Comparative formation, sibling restrictions and possessive replacement forms remain unmodeled." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the oldest", "en_short": "the oldest", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angajulleq#e1312", "Oqaatsit1997:angajulleq#e1338", "SchultzLorentzen1927:angajulleq#e1566", "Ordbogen2003:senior#e26187" ], "id": "angajulleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "angallat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "vessel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angallat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "vessel", "da": "fartøj", "da_short": "fartøj", "en_short": "vessel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fartøj", "singular_definite": "fartøjet", "plural": "fartøjer", "plural_definite": "fartøjerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angallat#e1327", "Oqaatsit1997:angallat#e1353", "WordList2018:vessel#e4000", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73801" ], "id": "angallat", "category": "nouns" } ], "qernersaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "printer's ink" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qernersaat", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "printer's ink", "da": "sværte", "da_short": "sværte", "en_short": "printer's ink", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sværte", "singular_definite": "sværten", "plural": "sværter", "plural_definite": "sværterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qernersaat#e12129", "Oqaatsit1997:qernersaat#e12903", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qernersaat#e7112", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65426" ], "id": "qernersaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "qillertuusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "can" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qillertuusaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "can", "da": "dåse", "da_short": "dåse", "en_short": "can", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "dåse", "singular_definite": "dåsen", "plural": "dåser", "plural_definite": "dåserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qillertuusaq#e12266", "Oqaatsit1997:qillertuusaq#e13041", "WordList2018:can#e487", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94447" ], "id": "qillertuusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "quiasaarut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "joke" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "quiasaarut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "joke", "en_short": "joke", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:quiasaarut#e12741", "Oqaatsit1997:quiasaarut#e13518", "WordList2018:joke#e1921" ], "id": "quiasaarut", "category": "nouns" } ], "qungasequt": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "scarf" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qungasequt", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "scarf", "da": "halstørklæde", "da_short": "halstørklæde", "en_short": "scarf", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "halstørklæde", "singular_definite": "halstørklædet", "plural": "halstørklæder", "plural_definite": "halstørklæderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qungasequt#e12903", "Oqaatsit1997:qungasequt#e13682", "WordList2018:scarf#e3143", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73621" ], "id": "qungasequt", "category": "nouns" } ], "quperloq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "maggot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "quperloq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "maggot", "da": "maddike", "da_short": "maddike", "en_short": "maggot", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "maddike", "singular_definite": "maddiken", "plural": "maddiker", "plural_definite": "maddikerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:quperloq#e12939", "Oqaatsit1997:quperloq#e13719", "SchultzLorentzen1927:quperloq#e8124", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.92923" ], "id": "quperloq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qussaataq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "chisel" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qussaataq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "chisel", "da": "mejsel", "da_short": "mejsel", "en_short": "chisel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "mejsel", "singular_definite": "mejslen", "plural": "mejsler", "plural_definite": "mejslerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qussaataq#e12965", "Oqaatsit1997:qussaataq#e13743", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qussaataq#e8191", "WordList2018:chisel#e604", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90432" ], "id": "qussaataq", "category": "nouns" } ], "saaniluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tortoise; turtle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saaniluk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tortoise; turtle", "en_short": "tortoise; turtle", "da": "skildpadde", "da_short": "skildpadde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skildpadde", "singular_definite": "skildpadden", "plural": "skildpadder", "plural_definite": "skildpadderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saaniluk#e13110", "Oqaatsit1997:saaniluk#e14001", "SchultzLorentzen1927:saaniluk#e15418", "WordList2018:turtle#e3920", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72574" ], "id": "saaniluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "saffiortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "smith" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saffiortoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "smith", "da": "smed", "da_short": "smed", "en_short": "smith", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "smed", "singular_definite": "smeden", "plural": "smede", "plural_definite": "smedene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saffiortoq#e13171", "Oqaatsit1997:saffiortoq#e14065", "WordList2018:smith#e3357", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93930" ], "id": "saffiortoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sallutooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "liar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sallutooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "liar", "en_short": "liar", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sallutooq#e13270", "Oqaatsit1997:sallutooq#e14166", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sallutooq#e14863" ], "id": "sallutooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sanasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "carpenter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sanasoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "carpenter", "en_short": "carpenter", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sanasoq#e13323", "Oqaatsit1997:sanasoq#e14220", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sanasoq#e15081", "WordList2018:carpenter#e518" ], "id": "sanasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sapangaaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "glass bead" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sapangaaraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: sapangaaraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "glass bead", "en_short": "glass bead", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sapangaaraq#e13435", "Oqaatsit1997:sapangaaraq#e14334", "WordList2018:glass bead#e1517", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "sapangaaraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "saqisoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "waiter" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saqisoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "waiter", "en_short": "waiter", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saqisoq#e13482", "Oqaatsit1997:saqisoq#e14382", "WordList2018:waiter#e4028" ], "id": "saqisoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sekundi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "second" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sekundi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved.", "Only the second reading is admitted. The primary English sibling sixtieth of an hour is not accepted as a duration definition; no conversion rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "second", "en_short": "second", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sekundi#e13641", "Oqaatsit1997:sekundi#e14551", "WordList2018:second#e3177" ], "id": "sekundi", "category": "nouns" } ], "sianiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nerve" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sianiut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nerve", "en_short": "nerve", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sianiut#e13776", "Oqaatsit1997:sianiut#e14694", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sianiut#e15679" ], "id": "sianiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "silaannaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "air" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "silaannaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "air", "en_short": "air", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:silaannaq#e13926", "Oqaatsit1997:silaannaq#e14843", "WordList2018:air#e64" ], "id": "silaannaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "silassaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "weather forecast" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "silassaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "weather forecast", "en_short": "weather forecast", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:silassaq#e13979", "Oqaatsit1997:silassaq#e14897", "WordList2018:weather forecast#e4092" ], "id": "silassaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aningaasaasivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "safe" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aningaasaasivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "safe", "en_short": "safe", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aningaasaasivik#e1447", "Oqaatsit1997:aningaasaasivik#e1475", "WordList2018:safe#e3092" ], "id": "aningaasaasivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "aningaasivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wallet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aningaasivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wallet", "en_short": "wallet", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aningaasivik#e1484", "Oqaatsit1997:aningaasivik#e1513", "WordList2018:wallet#e4036" ], "id": "aningaasivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "simernaveeqqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "blotting paper" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "simernaveeqqut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "blotting paper", "da": "trækpapir", "da_short": "trækpapir", "en_short": "blotting paper", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "trækpapir", "singular_definite": "trækpapiret", "plural": "trækpapirer", "plural_definite": "trækpapirerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:simernaveeqqut#e14037", "Oqaatsit1997:simernaveeqqut#e14954", "SchultzLorentzen1927:simernaveeqqut#e15962", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79321" ], "id": "simernaveeqqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "sisupiloorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "downhill race" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sisupiloorneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "downhill race", "da": "styrtløb", "da_short": "styrtløb", "en_short": "downhill race", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "styrtløb", "singular_definite": "styrtløbet", "plural": "styrtløb", "plural_definite": "styrtløbene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sisupiloorneq#e14303", "Oqaatsit1997:sisupiloorneq#e15224", "WordList2018:downhill race#e1015", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72704" ], "id": "sisupiloorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "siunnersuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "advice; suggestion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siunnersuut", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "advice; suggestion", "en_short": "advice; suggestion", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siunnersuut#e14390", "Oqaatsit1997:siunnersuut#e15312", "WordList2018:advice#e39", "WordList2018:suggestion#e3582" ], "id": "siunnersuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "siutisiortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "earwig" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siutisiortoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "earwig", "da": "ørentvist", "da_short": "ørentvist", "en_short": "earwig", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ørentvist", "singular_definite": "ørentvisten", "plural": [ "ørentviste", "ørentvister" ], "plural_definite": [ "ørentvistene", "ørentvisterne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siutisiortoq#e14403", "Oqaatsit1997:siutisiortoq#e15326", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siutisiortoq#e16235", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56608" ], "id": "siutisiortoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "suliffissaaleqineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "unemployment" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "suliffissaaleqineq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "unemployment", "da": "arbejdsløshed", "da_short": "arbejdsløshed", "en_short": "unemployment", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "arbejdsløshed", "singular_definite": "arbejdsløsheden" } } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:suliffissaaleqineq#e14696", "Oqaatsit1997:suliffissaaleqineq#e15620", "WordList2018:unemployment#e3946", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87070" ], "id": "suliffissaaleqineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sungiusaasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "trainer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sungiusaasoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "trainer", "da": "træner", "da_short": "træner", "en_short": "trainer", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "træner", "singular_definite": "træneren", "plural": "trænere", "plural_definite": "trænerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sungiusaasoq#e14819", "Oqaatsit1997:sungiusaasoq#e15745", "WordList2018:trainer#e3868", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.47311" ], "id": "sungiusaasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "taalliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "poem" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taalliaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "poem", "en_short": "poem", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taalliaq#e14940", "Oqaatsit1997:taalliaq#e15949", "WordList2018:poem#e2723" ], "id": "taalliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "taalliortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "poet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taalliortoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "poet", "en_short": "poet", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taalliortoq#e14947", "Oqaatsit1997:taalliortoq#e15956", "WordList2018:poet#e2724" ], "id": "taalliortoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "talittarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "quay" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "talittarfik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "quay", "en_short": "quay", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:talittarfik#e15217", "Oqaatsit1997:talittarfik#e16212", "WordList2018:quay#e2861" ], "id": "talittarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "teqeqqoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "corner" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "teqeqqoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "corner", "en_short": "corner", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:teqeqqoq#e15643", "Oqaatsit1997:teqeqqoq#e16607", "WordList2018:corner#e779" ], "id": "teqeqqoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tigumatooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "miser" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tigumatooq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "miser", "da": "gnier", "da_short": "gnier", "en_short": "miser", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "gnier", "singular_definite": "gnieren", "plural": "gniere", "plural_definite": "gnierne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tigumatooq#e15716", "Oqaatsit1997:tigumatooq#e16670", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tigumatooq#e17865", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.71710" ], "id": "tigumatooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tigutsisilik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bird of prey" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tigutsisilik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bird of prey", "da": "rovfugl", "da_short": "rovfugl", "en_short": "bird of prey", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rovfugl", "singular_definite": "rovfuglen", "plural": "rovfugle", "plural_definite": "rovfuglene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tigutsisilik#e15737", "Oqaatsit1997:tigutsisilik#e16688", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tigutsisilik#e17884", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.65695" ], "id": "tigutsisilik", "category": "nouns" } ], "tillinniaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "thief; burglar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tillinniaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "thief; burglar", "en_short": "thief; burglar", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tillinniaq#e15819", "Oqaatsit1997:tillinniaq#e16764", "WordList2018:thief#e3745", "WordList2018:burglar#e442" ], "id": "tillinniaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tillinniarneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "burglary" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tillinniarneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "burglary", "en_short": "burglary", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tillinniarneq#e15820", "Oqaatsit1997:tillinniarneq#e16765", "WordList2018:burglary#e443" ], "id": "tillinniarneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "timmiakuluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fulmar" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "timmiakuluk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fulmar", "en_short": "fulmar", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:timmiakuluk#e15871", "Oqaatsit1997:timmiakuluk#e16814", "SchultzLorentzen1927:timmiakuluk#e18032" ], "id": "timmiakuluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "appaliarsuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "little auk" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "appaliarsuk", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "little auk", "en_short": "little auk", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:appaliarsuk#e1646", "Oqaatsit1997:appaliarsuk#e1675", "WordList2018:little auk#e4352" ], "id": "appaliarsuk", "category": "nouns" } ], "aqajaruusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pipe bowl" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqajaruusaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pipe bowl", "da": "pibehoved", "da_short": "pibehoved", "en_short": "pipe bowl", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": [ "pibehoved", "pivehoved" ], "singular_definite": [ "pibehovedet", "pivehovedet" ], "plural": [ "pibehoveder", "pivehoveder" ], "plural_definite": [ "pibehovederne", "pivehovederne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqajaruusaq#e1690", "Oqaatsit1997:aqajaruusaq#e1719", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aqajaruusaq#e614", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87682" ], "id": "aqajaruusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "titartagaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "drawing" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "titartagaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: titartagaq has a literal single consonant in -gaq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and g becomes kk before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "drawing", "da": "tegning", "da_short": "tegning", "en_short": "drawing", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tegning", "singular_definite": "tegningen", "plural": "tegninger", "plural_definite": "tegningerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:titartagaq#e16021", "Oqaatsit1997:titartagaq#e16955", "WordList2018:drawing#e1023", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44288" ], "id": "titartagaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "toorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "toorneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dot", "en_short": "dot", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:toorneq#e16038", "Oqaatsit1997:toorneq#e16973", "WordList2018:dot#e1004" ], "id": "toorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tujuuluaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "T-shirt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tujuuluaraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: tujuuluaraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "T-shirt", "en_short": "T-shirt", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tujuuluaraq#e16204", "Oqaatsit1997:tujuuluaraq#e17132", "WordList2018:T-shirt#e3646", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "tujuuluaraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tulugatsiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crow" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tulugatsiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crow", "da": "krage", "da_short": "krage", "en_short": "crow", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "krage", "singular_definite": "kragen", "plural": "krager", "plural_definite": "kragerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tulugatsiaq#e16274", "Oqaatsit1997:tulugatsiaq#e17200", "WordList2018:crow#e839", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.88135" ], "id": "tulugatsiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tungujorsiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "blue-dyed skin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tungujorsiaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved.", "The Danish row specifies blue-dyed seal skin; the literal English blue-dyed skin reading is retained without a claim that every kind of animal skin has this name." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "blue-dyed skin", "en_short": "blue-dyed skin", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tungujorsiaq#e16331", "Oqaatsit1997:tungujorsiaq#e17252", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tungujorsiaq#e18662" ], "id": "tungujorsiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tunisivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "place of sacrifice" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tunisivik", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "place of sacrifice", "en_short": "place of sacrifice", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tunisivik#e16365", "Oqaatsit1997:tunisivik#e17284", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tunisivik#e18547" ], "id": "tunisivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "tunngaviliisoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "founder" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tunngaviliisoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "founder", "da": "grundlægger", "da_short": "grundlægger", "en_short": "founder", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "grundlægger", "singular_definite": "grundlæggeren", "plural": "grundlæggere", "plural_definite": "grundlæggerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tunngaviliisoq#e16376", "Oqaatsit1997:tunngaviliisoq#e17293", "WordList2018:founder#e1408", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90418" ], "id": "tunngaviliisoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tyggegummi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "chewing gum" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tyggegummi", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "chewing gum", "da": "tyggegummi", "da_short": "tyggegummi", "en_short": "chewing gum", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "tyggegummi", "singular_definite": "tyggegummiet", "plural": "tyggegummier", "plural_definite": "tyggegummierne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tyggegummi#e16591", "Oqaatsit1997:tyggegummi#e17494", "WordList2018:chewing gum#e593", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70615" ], "id": "tyggegummi", "category": "nouns" } ], "ulloqeqqa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "noon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ulloqeqqa", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "noon", "en_short": "noon", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulloqeqqa#e16946", "Oqaatsit1997:ulloqeqqa#e17910", "WordList2018:noon#e2429" ], "id": "ulloqeqqa", "category": "nouns" } ], "ulluinnaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "weekday" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ulluinnaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "weekday", "en_short": "weekday", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulluinnaq#e16974", "Oqaatsit1997:ulluinnaq#e17939", "WordList2018:weekday#e4099" ], "id": "ulluinnaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "umiatsiaaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "dinghy" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "umiatsiaaraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Dictionary rows establish the selected noun spelling and sense. The separate cited closed-ending rule supplies the gemination class; historical atomicity, schwa behavior, productive derivation and other dictionary siblings remain unapproved.", "Closed-ending rule review: umiatsiaaraq has a literal single consonant in -raq. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e place this closed class among weak geminating nominals: final q is deleted outside absolutive singular, and r becomes qq before consonant-initial endings except r. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. No individual unattested surface or productive decomposition is supplied." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "dinghy", "en_short": "dinghy", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:umiatsiaaraq#e17076", "Oqaatsit1997:umiatsiaaraq#e18042", "WordList2018:dinghy#e955", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "umiatsiaaraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "unammineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "competition" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unammineq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "competition", "en_short": "competition", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unammineq#e17108", "Oqaatsit1997:unammineq#e18074", "WordList2018:competition#e730" ], "id": "unammineq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ussippaarsuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bison" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ussippaarsuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved.", "Only bison is modeled, directly listed in primary English and supported by Danish bisonokse rows. The ambiguous WordList English buffalo/bison/bøffel evidence is not used to approve a broader animal class." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bison", "da": "bisonokse", "da_short": "bisonokse", "en_short": "bison", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bisonokse", "singular_definite": "bisonoksen", "plural": "bisonokser", "plural_definite": "bisonokserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ussippaarsuaq#e17426", "Oqaatsit1997:ussippaarsuaq#e18407", "Ordbogen2003:bisonokse#e2638", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68446" ], "id": "ussippaarsuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uumasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "animal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uumasoq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "animal", "en_short": "animal", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uumasoq#e17548", "Oqaatsit1997:uumasoq#e18529", "WordList2018:animal#e110" ], "id": "uumasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "uumasuusivissuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "zoo" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uumasuusivissuaq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "zoo", "en_short": "zoo", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uumasuusivissuaq#e17562", "Oqaatsit1997:uumasuusivissuaq#e18541", "WordList2018:zoo#e4260" ], "id": "uumasuusivissuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "arsaanneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "soccer" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arsaanneq", "notes": [ "Complete lexical citation form; only the reviewed reading or readings are admitted. Other dictionary siblings, productive derivation, declension and inflectional alternation remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "soccer", "en_short": "soccer", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arsaanneq#e1899", "Oqaatsit1997:arsaanneq#e1934", "WordList2018:soccer#e3386" ], "id": "arsaanneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aquttoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "helmsman" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aquttoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Only helmsman is admitted; a competing WordList goalkeeper translation is not treated as corroboration." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "helmsman", "en_short": "helmsman", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aquttoq#e1772", "Oqaatsit1997:aquttoq#e1802", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aquttoq#e662" ], "id": "aquttoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "atorfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "position" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atorfik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "position", "en_short": "position", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atorfik#e2277", "Oqaatsit1997:atorfik#e2322", "SchultzLorentzen1927:atorfik#e2568" ], "id": "atorfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "iluaqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "advantage; benefit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iluaqut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "advantage; benefit", "en_short": "advantage; benefit", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iluaqut#e4093", "Oqaatsit1997:iluaqut#e4213", "SchultzLorentzen1927:iluaqut#e4491" ], "id": "iluaqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilulleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shirt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilulleq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Printed listed-headword rows are navigation evidence; no productive alias/allomorph rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shirt", "da": "skjorte", "da_short": "skjorte", "en_short": "shirt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skjorte", "singular_definite": "skjorten", "plural": "skjorter", "plural_definite": "skjorterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilulleq#e4141", "Oqaatsit1997:ilulleq#e4262", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ilulleq#e4596", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86213" ], "id": "ilulleq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ilupaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shirt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilupaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Printed listed-headword rows are navigation evidence; no productive alias/allomorph rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shirt", "da": "skjorte", "da_short": "skjorte", "en_short": "shirt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skjorte", "singular_definite": "skjorten", "plural": "skjorter", "plural_definite": "skjorterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilupaaq#e4174", "Oqaatsit1997:ilupaaq#e4294", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ilupaaq#e4657", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.86213" ], "id": "ilupaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "napasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "upright" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "napasoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Only the concrete upright/column reading is admitted; reverse adjective readings do not establish generic nominal usage." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "upright", "en_short": "upright", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:napasoq#e8264", "Oqaatsit1997:napasoq#e8751", "SchultzLorentzen1927:napasoq#e11458" ], "id": "napasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "naqqiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "correction" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naqqiut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "correction", "en_short": "correction", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naqqiut#e8353", "Oqaatsit1997:naqqiut#e8845", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naqqiut#e11550" ], "id": "naqqiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "noqarti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "violin string" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "noqarti", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "violin string", "en_short": "violin string", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:noqarti#e8906", "Oqaatsit1997:noqarti#e9446", "SchultzLorentzen1927:noqarti#e12412" ], "id": "noqarti", "category": "nouns" } ], "qiterut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "belt" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qiterut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "belt", "en_short": "belt", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiterut#e12581", "Oqaatsit1997:qiterut#e13355", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qiterut#e7662" ], "id": "qiterut", "category": "nouns" } ], "unngiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crease" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unngiaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Crease is supported in the traditional boot/fold context; no new productive analysis is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crease", "en_short": "crease", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unngiaq#e17247", "Oqaatsit1997:unngiaq#e18218", "SchultzLorentzen1927:unngiaq#e19643" ], "id": "unngiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aggorneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fraction" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aggorneq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fraction", "en_short": "fraction", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aggorneq#e401", "Oqaatsit1997:aggorneq#e403", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aggorneq#e3017" ], "id": "aggorneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "allerneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "taboo" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allerneq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Taboo is the cited cultural/historical nominal reading; no productive taboo-marker analysis is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "taboo", "en_short": "taboo", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allerneq#e1060", "Oqaatsit1997:allerneq#e1078", "SchultzLorentzen1927:allerneq#e90" ], "id": "allerneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "amileraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fibula; radius" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amileraq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The exact Petersen1967 row records qq after the noun label, independently consistent with the grammar target. Its abbreviated notation is not expanded into literal worked-example golds.", "Selected lexical readings retain their row-pinned dictionary evidence. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e independently supply the closed weak-q/p gemination class and target for this literal single-consonant ending; they do not separately print this whole-word paradigm. Gemination is blocked before vowel- and r-initial endings. Other senses, productive derivation and reconstructed roots remain unapproved." ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fibula; radius", "en_short": "fibula; radius", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amileraq#e1189", "Oqaatsit1997:amileraq#e1207", "SchultzLorentzen1927:amileraq#e1276", "Petersen1967:amileraq#e469", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "amileraq", "category": "nouns" } ], "angakkoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "shaman" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angakkoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Only shaman is admitted; historical regional non-person senses are not approved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "shaman", "da": "åndemaner", "da_short": "åndemaner", "en_short": "shaman", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "åndemaner", "singular_definite": "åndemaneren", "plural": "åndemanere", "plural_definite": "åndemanerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angakkoq#e1315", "Oqaatsit1997:angakkoq#e1341", "SchultzLorentzen1927:angakkoq#e1590", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76607" ], "id": "angakkoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "assiliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "picture" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assiliaq", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations independently establish the selected lexical sense and citation spelling. Other senses, productive derivation and reconstructed roots remain unapproved; the cited grammar evidence separately supports the inflection profile.", "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e explicitly give assilissap, assilissat and assilissamik for the picture sense. Admit the weak q-deleting injection operation and observed ss cluster; no underlying j/v/g or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "picture", "da": "billede", "da_short": "billede", "en_short": "picture", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "billede", "singular_definite": "billedet", "plural": "billeder", "plural_definite": "billederne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e independently attest these nominal cells. No possessed forms or productive derivation are inferred.", "examples": [ { "surface": "assilissap", "natural": "picture (relative singular)" }, { "surface": "assilissat", "natural": "picture (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "assilissamik", "natural": "picture (instrumental)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assiliaq#e2076", "Oqaatsit1997:assiliaq#e2116", "SchultzLorentzen1927:assiliaq#e2267", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.42457" ], "id": "assiliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "inngerut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "song" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inngerut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "song", "da": "sang", "da_short": "sang", "en_short": "song", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sang", "singular_definite": "sangen", "plural": "sange", "plural_definite": "sangene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inngerut#e4606", "Oqaatsit1997:inngerut#e4727", "SchultzLorentzen1927:inngerut#e6001", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40424" ], "id": "inngerut", "category": "nouns" } ], "kinguaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "descendant" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kinguaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "descendant", "da": "efterkommer", "da_short": "efterkommer", "en_short": "descendant", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "efterkommer", "singular_definite": "efterkommeren", "plural": "efterkommere", "plural_definite": "efterkommerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kinguaaq#e6179", "Oqaatsit1997:kinguaaq#e6452", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kinguaaq#e9147", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95343" ], "id": "kinguaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "naqitsit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "signet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naqitsit", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Only signet is admitted; disputed historical sealing-wax usage is not approved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "signet", "en_short": "signet", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naqitsit#e8342", "Oqaatsit1997:naqitsit#e8834", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naqitsit#e10943" ], "id": "naqitsit", "category": "nouns" } ], "niaqorut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crown" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niaqorut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crown", "en_short": "crown", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niaqorut#e8609", "Oqaatsit1997:niaqorut#e9124", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niaqorut#e12008" ], "id": "niaqorut", "category": "nouns" } ], "orpiliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Christmas tree" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "orpiliaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Only Christmas tree is admitted; the historical wood-fetcher sibling is not approved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Christmas tree", "da": "juletræ", "da_short": "juletræ", "en_short": "Christmas tree", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "juletræ", "singular_definite": "juletræet", "plural": "juletræer", "plural_definite": "juletræerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:orpiliaq#e9614", "Oqaatsit1997:orpiliaq#e10250", "SchultzLorentzen1927:orpiliaq#e13071", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81277" ], "id": "orpiliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pilluaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "happiness" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pilluaat", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "happiness", "en_short": "happiness", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pilluaat#e10493", "Oqaatsit1997:pilluaat#e11195", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pilluaat#e14429" ], "id": "pilluaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "pissuseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nature" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pissuseq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The exact Petersen1967 row records ts after the noun label, independently consistent with the grammar target. Its abbreviated notation is not expanded into literal worked-example golds.", "Selected lexical readings retain their row-pinned dictionary evidence. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e independently supply the closed weak-q/p gemination class and target for this literal single-consonant ending; they do not separately print this whole-word paradigm. Gemination is blocked before vowel- and r-initial endings. Other senses, productive derivation and reconstructed roots remain unapproved.", "Nature is the character/nature/essence reading; landscape nature and unreviewed sibling senses are not admitted." ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nature", "en_short": "nature", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pissuseq#e10811", "Oqaatsit1997:pissuseq#e11516", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pissuseq#e14246", "Petersen1967:pissuseq#e8452", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:pissuseq#e6957" ], "id": "pissuseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qalutaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ladle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qalutaat", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ladle", "en_short": "ladle", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qalutaat#e11643", "Oqaatsit1997:qalutaat#e12408", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qalutaat#e6427" ], "id": "qalutaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "sineriak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "coast" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sineriak", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "Dictionary citations independently establish the selected lexical sense and citation spelling. Other senses, productive derivation and reconstructed roots remain unapproved; the cited grammar evidence separately supports the inflection profile.", "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e explicitly give the coast noun's weak series sinerissap, sinerissat and sinerissamik. The operational weak-k profile uses final k deletion and the observed ss cluster; its schema label velar_metathesizing_stem does not assert metathesis for this noun. No underlying consonant is reconstructed.", "Petersen1967:sineriak#e9599 also records aap/aat alongside iss. This entry selects the independently cited geminating series for generation; it does not reject the other source series or claim an exclusive paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "coast", "da": "kyst", "da_short": "kyst", "en_short": "coast", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kyst", "singular_definite": "kysten", "plural": "kyster", "plural_definite": "kysterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Nielsen2012 §4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012 K4§2e independently attest these nominal cells. No possessed forms or productive derivation are inferred.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sinerissap", "natural": "coast (relative singular)" }, { "surface": "sinerissat", "natural": "coast (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "sinerissamik", "natural": "coast (instrumental)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sineriak#e14068", "Oqaatsit1997:sineriak#e14984", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sineriak#e16009", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Petersen1967:sineriak#e9599", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64541" ], "id": "sineriak", "category": "nouns" } ], "siulequt": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "preface" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siulequt", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Only preface is admitted; historical personal-name senses are not approved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "preface", "da": "forord", "da_short": "forord", "en_short": "preface", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "forord", "singular_definite": "forordet", "plural": "forord", "plural_definite": "forordene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siulequt#e14330", "Oqaatsit1997:siulequt#e15251", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siulequt#e16630", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98283" ], "id": "siulequt", "category": "nouns" } ], "tunissut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "gift" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tunissut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gift", "en_short": "gift", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tunissut#e16368", "Oqaatsit1997:tunissut#e17285", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tunissut#e18549" ], "id": "tunissut", "category": "nouns" } ], "kaajallak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "brandy" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaajallak", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "The shared brandy reading belongs to the cited distilled-alcohol context; other spirit names are not separately admitted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "brandy", "da": "brændevin", "da_short": "brændevin", "en_short": "brandy", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "brændevin", "singular_definite": "brændevinen", "plural": "brændevine", "plural_definite": "brændevinene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaajallak#e5421", "Oqaatsit1997:kaajallak#e5622", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kaajallak#e8658", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.68443" ], "id": "kaajallak", "category": "nouns" } ], "mersorfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sewing machine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mersorfik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sewing machine", "da": "symaskine", "da_short": "symaskine", "en_short": "sewing machine", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "symaskine", "singular_definite": "symaskinen", "plural": "symaskiner", "plural_definite": "symaskinerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mersorfik#e7280", "Oqaatsit1997:mersorfik#e7676", "SchultzLorentzen1927:mersorfik#e10360", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.99630" ], "id": "mersorfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "naaqqavik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "peg" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naaqqavik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "peg", "en_short": "peg", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naaqqavik#e7744", "Oqaatsit1997:naaqqavik#e8187", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naaqqavik#e11531" ], "id": "naaqqavik", "category": "nouns" } ], "nassuiaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "explanation" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nassuiaat", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "explanation", "en_short": "explanation", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nassuiaat#e8430", "Oqaatsit1997:nassuiaat#e8927", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nassuiaat#e11839" ], "id": "nassuiaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "niutsivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tureen" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niutsivik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tureen", "en_short": "tureen", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niutsivik#e8872", "Oqaatsit1997:niutsivik#e9405", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niutsivik#e12317" ], "id": "niutsivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "oqaluuseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sermon" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqaluuseq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The exact Petersen1967 row records ts after the noun label, independently consistent with the grammar target. Its abbreviated notation is not expanded into literal worked-example golds.", "Selected lexical readings retain their row-pinned dictionary evidence. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e independently supply the closed weak-q/p gemination class and target for this literal single-consonant ending; they do not separately print this whole-word paradigm. Gemination is blocked before vowel- and r-initial endings. Other senses, productive derivation and reconstructed roots remain unapproved." ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sermon", "da": "prædiken", "da_short": "prædiken", "en_short": "sermon", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "prædiken", "singular_definite": "prædikenen", "plural": "prædikener", "plural_definite": "prædikenerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqaluuseq#e9444", "Oqaatsit1997:oqaluuseq#e10078", "SchultzLorentzen1927:oqaluuseq#e12890", "Petersen1967:oqaluuseq#e7440", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82599" ], "id": "oqaluuseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pattagiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "harmonium" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pattagiaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Only harmonium is admitted here; the piano, organ, drum and keyboard siblings do not receive separate approval." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "harmonium", "en_short": "harmonium", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pattagiaq#e10035", "Oqaatsit1997:pattagiaq#e10702", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pattagiaq#e13427" ], "id": "pattagiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pissaaneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "power; strength" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pissaaneq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "power; strength", "en_short": "power; strength", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pissaaneq#e10772", "Oqaatsit1997:pissaaneq#e11471", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pissaaneq#e14146" ], "id": "pissaaneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qajuuttaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ladle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qajuuttaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ladle", "en_short": "ladle", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qajuuttaq#e11526", "Oqaatsit1997:qajuuttaq#e12291", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qajuuttaq#e6246" ], "id": "qajuuttaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "sakkutooq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "soldier" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sakkutooq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "soldier", "en_short": "soldier", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sakkutooq#e13220", "Oqaatsit1997:sakkutooq#e14114", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sakkutooq#e15001" ], "id": "sakkutooq", "category": "nouns" } ], "silarsuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "the world" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "silarsuaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the world", "da": "verden", "da_short": "verden", "en_short": "the world", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "verden", "singular_definite": "verden", "plural": [ "verdner", "verdener" ], "plural_definite": [ "verdnerne", "verdenerne" ] } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:silarsuaq#e13973", "Oqaatsit1997:silarsuaq#e14891", "SchultzLorentzen1927:silarsuaq#e15890", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40523" ], "id": "silarsuaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "singerneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ankle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "singerneq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Only ankle is corroborated here; the modern English wrist sibling is not admitted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ankle", "en_short": "ankle", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:singerneq#e14084", "Oqaatsit1997:singerneq#e15000", "SchultzLorentzen1927:singerneq#e16066" ], "id": "singerneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tinupasoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pimple" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tinupasoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pimple", "en_short": "pimple", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tinupasoq#e15946", "Oqaatsit1997:tinupasoq#e16883", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tinupasoq#e17991" ], "id": "tinupasoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "torsuusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hall" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "torsuusaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hall", "en_short": "hall", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:torsuusaq#e16157", "Oqaatsit1997:torsuusaq#e17087", "SchultzLorentzen1927:torsuusaq#e18281" ], "id": "torsuusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "unnerluut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "complaint" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unnerluut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "complaint", "en_short": "complaint", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:unnerluut#e17231", "Oqaatsit1997:unnerluut#e18201", "SchultzLorentzen1927:unnerluut#e19509" ], "id": "unnerluut", "category": "nouns" } ], "upperuseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "religion" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "upperuseq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:upperuseq#e9198 prints upperusia for his manner of believing or religion and qualifies the expression as uncommon. The worked chain is historical attestation, not a claim of present frequency.", "The exact Petersen1967 row records ts after the noun label, independently consistent with the grammar target. Its abbreviated notation is not expanded into literal worked-example golds.", "Selected lexical readings retain their row-pinned dictionary evidence. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e independently supply the closed weak-q/p gemination class and target for this literal single-consonant ending; they do not separately print this whole-word paradigm. Gemination is blocked before vowel- and r-initial endings. Other senses, productive derivation and reconstructed roots remain unapproved." ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "religion", "en_short": "religion", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:upperuseq#e17347", "Oqaatsit1997:upperuseq#e18324", "SchultzLorentzen1927:upperuseq#e18921", "Petersen1967:upperuseq#e11627", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "Kleinschmidt1871:upperuseq#e9198" ], "id": "upperuseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajoqersuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "doctrine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajoqersuut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "doctrine", "en_short": "doctrine", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajoqersuut#e472", "Oqaatsit1997:ajoqersuut#e474", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ajoqersuut#e418" ], "id": "ajoqersuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "ajortuliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sin" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajortuliaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sin", "en_short": "sin", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajortuliaq#e519", "Oqaatsit1997:ajortuliaq#e522", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ajortuliaq#e480" ], "id": "ajortuliaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "allunaasaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "string" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allunaasaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "string", "en_short": "string", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allunaasaq#e1097", "Oqaatsit1997:allunaasaq#e1114", "SchultzLorentzen1927:allunaasaq#e113" ], "id": "allunaasaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "angusalluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "male fish" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angusalluk", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "male fish", "en_short": "male fish", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angusalluk#e1389", "Oqaatsit1997:angusalluk#e1415", "SchultzLorentzen1927:angusalluk#e1796" ], "id": "angusalluk", "category": "nouns" } ], "kapinartoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spine" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kapinartoq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Spine means a sharp thorn/quill/barb in the cited rows; this does not approve a vertebral-column reading." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spine", "en_short": "spine", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kapinartoq#e5728", "Oqaatsit1997:kapinartoq#e5970", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kapinartoq#e8522" ], "id": "kapinartoq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kiliortuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "scraper" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiliortuut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "scraper", "da": "skraber", "da_short": "skraber", "en_short": "scraper", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skraber", "singular_definite": "skraberen", "plural": "skrabere", "plural_definite": "skraberne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kiliortuut#e6033", "Oqaatsit1997:kiliortuut#e6293", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kiliortuut#e8952", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57975" ], "id": "kiliortuut", "category": "nouns" } ], "naalakkiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "order" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naalakkiut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "order", "en_short": "order", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naalakkiut#e7640", "Oqaatsit1997:naalakkiut#e8067", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naalakkiut#e11105" ], "id": "naalakkiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "naalannaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "glory" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naalannaat", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "glory", "en_short": "glory", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naalannaat#e7643", "Oqaatsit1997:naalannaat#e8070", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naalannaat#e11123" ], "id": "naalannaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "nunaqarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "village" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nunaqarfik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "village", "en_short": "village", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nunaqarfik#e9144", "Oqaatsit1997:nunaqarfik#e9697", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nunaqarfik#e12686" ], "id": "nunaqarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "qaaqqussut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "invitation" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaaqqussut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "invitation", "en_short": "invitation", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaaqqussut#e11409", "Oqaatsit1997:qaaqqussut#e12176", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qaaqqussut#e6190" ], "id": "qaaqqussut", "category": "nouns" } ], "qalugiusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lance" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qalugiusaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lance", "en_short": "lance", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qalugiusaq#e11636", "Oqaatsit1997:qalugiusaq#e12402", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qalugiusaq#e6414" ], "id": "qalugiusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qillaalaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "moth" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qillaalaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "moth", "en_short": "moth", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qillaalaaq#e12248", "Oqaatsit1997:qillaalaaq#e13023", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qillaalaaq#e7749" ], "id": "qillaalaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "tammaarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "camping place" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tammaarfik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "camping place", "en_short": "camping place", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tammaarfik#e15315", "Oqaatsit1997:tammaarfik#e16309", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tammaarfik#e17409" ], "id": "tammaarfik", "category": "nouns" } ], "toorumisaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sprit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "toorumisaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Sprit is the attested nautical spar supported by older Danish sprydstage evidence; it is not corrected to spirit." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sprit", "da": "sprydstage", "da_short": "sprydstage", "en_short": "sprit", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sprydstage", "singular_definite": "sprydstagen", "plural": "sprydstager", "plural_definite": "sprydstagerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:toorumisaq#e16045", "Oqaatsit1997:toorumisaq#e16980", "SchultzLorentzen1927:toorumisaq#e18289", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.95793" ], "id": "toorumisaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "akissarsiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wages" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akissarsiaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wages", "en_short": "wages", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akissarsiaq#e720", "Oqaatsit1997:akissarsiaq#e728", "SchultzLorentzen1927:akissarsiaq#e745" ], "id": "akissarsiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "allagassiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "writing paper" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allagassiaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "writing paper", "en_short": "writing paper", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allagassiaq#e971", "Oqaatsit1997:allagassiaq#e988", "SchultzLorentzen1927:allagassiaq#e51" ], "id": "allagassiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "illerfiusaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "box" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illerfiusaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "box", "en_short": "box", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:illerfiusaq#e3963", "Oqaatsit1997:illerfiusaq#e4078", "SchultzLorentzen1927:illerfiusaq#e3696" ], "id": "illerfiusaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "kinguliaqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "family name" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kinguliaqut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Printed listed-headword rows are navigation evidence; no productive alias/allomorph rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "family name", "da": "efternavn", "da_short": "efternavn", "en_short": "family name", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "efternavn", "singular_definite": "efternavnet", "plural": "efternavne", "plural_definite": "efternavnene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kinguliaqut#e6205", "Oqaatsit1997:kinguliaqut#e6476", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kinguliaqut#e9194", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.59982" ], "id": "kinguliaqut", "category": "nouns" } ], "nalunaajaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "explanation; evidence" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalunaajaat", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "explanation; evidence", "en_short": "explanation; evidence", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nalunaajaat#e8116", "Oqaatsit1997:nalunaajaat#e8591", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nalunaajaat#e11249" ], "id": "nalunaajaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "qimatulivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "depot" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qimatulivik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "depot", "en_short": "depot", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qimatulivik#e12322", "Oqaatsit1997:qimatulivik#e13096", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qimatulivik#e7319" ], "id": "qimatulivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "tipigissaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "incense" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tipigissaat", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "incense", "da": "røgelse", "da_short": "røgelse", "en_short": "incense", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "røgelse", "singular_definite": "røgelsen", "plural": "røgelser", "plural_definite": "røgelserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tipigissaat#e15966", "Oqaatsit1997:tipigissaat#e16903", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tipigissaat#e18081", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82009" ], "id": "tipigissaat", "category": "nouns" } ], "katersuiffik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "harvest" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "katersuiffik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Only the shared harvest reading is admitted; the gathering-place sibling and productive derivation are unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "harvest", "da": "høst", "da_short": "høst", "en_short": "harvest", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "høst", "singular_definite": "høsten", "plural": "høster", "plural_definite": "høsterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:katersuiffik#e5811", "Oqaatsit1997:katersuiffik#e6057", "SchultzLorentzen1927:katersuiffik#e8589", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91463" ], "id": "katersuiffik", "category": "nouns" } ], "taqaleqisaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "butterfly" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taqaleqisaaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved.", "Older source evidence marks North Greenland regional usage; this record does not generalize a productive regional rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "butterfly", "da": "sommerfugl", "da_short": "sommerfugl", "en_short": "butterfly", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sommerfugl", "singular_definite": "sommerfuglen", "plural": "sommerfugle", "plural_definite": "sommerfuglene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taqaleqisaaq#e15426", "Oqaatsit1997:taqaleqisaaq#e16408", "SchultzLorentzen1927:taqaleqisaaq#e17120", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55852" ], "id": "taqaleqisaaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "aallaqqaasiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "introduction; prelude" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aallaqqaasiut", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "introduction; prelude", "en_short": "introduction; prelude", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallaqqaasiut#e115", "Oqaatsit1997:aallaqqaasiut#e114", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aallaqqaasiut#e2801" ], "id": "aallaqqaasiut", "category": "nouns" } ], "aningaaserivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bank" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aningaaserivik", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bank", "en_short": "bank", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aningaaserivik#e1482", "Oqaatsit1997:aningaaserivik#e1511", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aningaaserivik#e1445" ], "id": "aningaaserivik", "category": "nouns" } ], "malittarisassaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rule" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "malittarisassaq", "notes": [ "Lexical citation-form admission only: selected identical literal English readings in the complete modern and historical rows; the modern Danish row supports the noun category. Other senses, derivation, stem alternation, reconstructed roots and declension remain unapproved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rule", "en_short": "rule", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:malittarisassaq#e6893", "Oqaatsit1997:malittarisassaq#e7283", "SchultzLorentzen1927:malittarisassaq#e9930" ], "id": "malittarisassaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "timmiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bird" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "timmiaq", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "Bird sense only. The paired modern dictionaries separately list birdskin-jacket homographs; those rows and the non-geminating timmiat garment series are not admitted to this bird owner.", "Record only the observed output cluster under consonant-initial nominal inflection. No underlying j/v/g, historical atomicity or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bird", "en_short": "bird", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "timmissap", "natural": "bird (relative singular)" }, { "surface": "timmissat", "natural": "bird (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "timmissamik", "natural": "bird (instrumental)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:timmiaq#e16816", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:timmiaq#e15873", "WordList2018:bird#e328", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "timmiaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "soraluaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "nephew or niece" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "soraluaq", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "The two named grammar sources independently give the same three weak inflection cells for the nephew/niece noun.", "Record only the observed output cluster under consonant-initial nominal inflection. No underlying j/v/g, historical atomicity or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "nephew or niece", "en_short": "nephew or niece", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "soralussap", "natural": "nephew or niece (relative singular)" }, { "surface": "soralussat", "natural": "nephew or niece (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "soralussamik", "natural": "nephew or niece (instrumental)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:soraluaq#e15428", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:soraluaq#e14501", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "soraluaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pakkaluaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "butterfly" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pakkaluaq", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "Nielsen and Bjornum explicitly attest the kk injection series. Ordbogen2003 also lists pakkalussat in its butterfly row; Petersen1951/1967 records uss. Preserve those competing series: this operational profile selects the two-grammar-source kk series without claiming that other forms are invalid.", "Record only the observed output cluster under consonant-initial nominal inflection. No underlying j/v/g, historical atomicity or productive derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "butterfly", "da": "sommerfugl", "da_short": "sommerfugl", "en_short": "butterfly", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "sommerfugl", "singular_definite": "sommerfuglen", "plural": "sommerfugle", "plural_definite": "sommerfuglene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "injected_cluster": "kk" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pakkalukkap", "natural": "butterfly (relative singular)" }, { "surface": "pakkalukkat", "natural": "butterfly (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "pakkalukkamik", "natural": "butterfly (instrumental)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pakkaluaq#e10503", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pakkaluaq#e9841", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pakkaluaq#e13194", "Ordbogen2003:sommerfugl#e28170", "Petersen1951:pakkaluaq#e7641", "Petersen1967:pakkaluaq#e7659", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.55852" ], "id": "pakkaluaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "isaruaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "spectacles" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isaruaq", "notes": [ "The cited grammar lemma is isaruaq, but the spectacles sense is explicitly plural-only. Admit the independently attested isarussat and isarussanik surfaces without asserting a singular spectacles form or an unrestricted productive profile.", "Kleinschmidt1871 explicitly lists spectacles among plural isarussat senses. Historical dictionary siblings also discuss eye spots and crystalline lenses; those senses are not admitted here. The paired modern dictionary preflight has no exact isaruaq row, so no modern bare-form dictionary agreement is claimed.", "Only the two independently agreeing plural cells are keyed: N_ABS_PL isarussat and N_INS_PL isarussanik. inflection_sandhi irregular is an operational selector for these complete forms, not an unrestricted injection class. No singular spectacles form, historical consonant reconstruction, or other inflection cell is admitted." ], "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_PL": "isarussat", "N_INS_PL": "isarussanik" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spectacles", "en_short": "spectacles", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isarussat", "natural": "spectacles (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "isarussanik", "natural": "spectacles (instrumental plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:isaruaq#e2735", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "isaruaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "malik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wave (on water)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "malik", "notes": [ "The literal relative-singular alternatives mallip and maliup are both stored. The geminating profile keeps mallip as its forward default; an explicit surface guide can select the co-attested regular maliup form without changing other cases.", "Common noun for a water wave, independently row-pinned in both modern dictionaries and named by both grammars. Distinct from the capitalized personal-name owner Malik; neither owner substitutes for the other.", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2 and Bjornum2012:K4§2f name the strong geminating k-stem and print mallip (maliup), mallit, malimmik. The stored profile selects the cited geminated grammatical series and retains k in oblique cases; the regular maliup alternative remains co-attested. This is the water-wave noun, not personal-name Malik." ], "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ERG_SG": [ "mallip", "maliup" ] } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wave (on water)", "da": "bølge", "da_short": "bølge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "bølge", "singular_definite": "bølgen", "plural": "bølger", "plural_definite": "bølgerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "malik", "natural": "wave (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "mallip", "natural": "wave: relative singular (geminated series; Nielsen/Bjornum)" }, { "surface": "mallit", "natural": "waves (geminated plural; Nielsen/Bjornum)" }, { "surface": "malimmik", "natural": "with a wave (instrumental singular; Nielsen/Bjornum)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:malik#e7267", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:malik#e6879", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "Kleinschmidt1871:malik#e4898", "SchultzLorentzen1927:malik#e9913", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.70878" ], "id": "malik", "category": "nouns" } ], "siuneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "front; space in front" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siuneq", "notes": [ "The modern rows attest the selected front/forepart reading; the historical dictionaries and grammatical spatial discussion support the space-in-front reading. Danish forparti quotes Oqaatsit1997 e15293; rummet foran quotes SchultzLorentzen1926 e16664. The modern face reading and temporal readings remain in the complete preflight and are not generalized into this selected entry.", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.5 restricts spatial function to possessed or derived forms. This is not a bare preposition or a productive metathesis declaration. Only the independently attested spatial third-person singular whole forms siorna (his/its front) and siornani (in front of him/her/it), plus the citation form, are keyed.", "SchultzLorentzen1926/1927:siorna#e16665 and Kleinschmidt1871:siuneq#e8236 identify the spatial possessed siorna; Bjornum K4§6 explicitly labels third-singular possessor siornani in the locative table. Keep this spatial analysis distinct from the separately admitted temporal particle siorna, last year. Neither that particle nor the historical front/face/temporal relatives broaden this selected noun sense." ], "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_SG": "siuneq", "N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG": "siorna", "N_LOC_POSS3SG_SG": "siornani" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "front; the space in front", "en_short": "front", "da": "forparti; rummet foran", "da_short": "forparti; rummet foran", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "siuneq", "natural": "front; space in front (dictionary citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:siuneq#e15293", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siuneq#e14372", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "SchultzLorentzen1926:siuneq#e16664", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siuneq#e16664", "Kleinschmidt1871:siuneq#e8236", "Bjornum2012:K4§6", "SchultzLorentzen1926:siorna#e16665", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siorna#e16665", "Oqaatsit1997:siornani#e15124", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siornani#e14206", "Oqaatsit1997:siuneq#e15293", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siuneq#e14372", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.5", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "SchultzLorentzen1926:siuneq#e16664", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siuneq#e16664", "Kleinschmidt1871:siuneq#e8236" ], "id": "siuneq", "category": "nouns" } ], "killeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "boundary; border" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "killeq", "notes": [ "The selected boundary/border sense is distinct from the western/westernmost homograph. A killeq citation in N_lliq_N does not substitute for this lexical noun. Preserve modern spelling; no historical killik reconstruction or complete nasalizing profile is inferred.", "Source-bound literal cell only: both grammars give killinga for its boundary/edge. N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG is restricted to the selected boundary sense, not the westernmost homograph. inflection_sandhi irregular opts into this keyed third-person possessive realization only; no full stem class, reconstructed killik or unpossessed nasalizing paradigm is inferred." ], "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG": "killinga" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "boundary; border", "en_short": "boundary", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "killeq", "natural": "boundary; border (citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:killeq#e6309", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:killeq#e6047", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2g" ], "id": "killeq", "category": "nouns" } ], "mumik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "side of a leaf in a book" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mumik", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG": "muminga" }, "notes": [ "Only the literal third-person singular possessive muminga is keyed, from both grammars. Preserve the book-leaf-side and possibly-obsolete scope; this operational selector supplies no unpossessed nasalizing class, reconstructed stem or modern frequency claim.", "Both grammars explicitly name the book-leaf-side noun. Bjornum marks it possibly obsolete. Historical dictionaries co-list mummi; modern exact paired rows are absent. Do not silently modernize the spelling, claim current usage, or generalize back/reverse-side possession into an unrestricted profile." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "side of a leaf in a book", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "mumik", "natural": "side of a leaf in a book (citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:mumik, mummi#e10677", "SchultzLorentzen1927:mumik, mummi#e10677", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2g" ], "id": "mumik", "category": "nouns" } ], "nali_value": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "value; worth" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nali", "notes": [ "Selected value/worth sense only. Both grammars restrict nasalization to this sense; time/place/direction nalaa and the separate English direction row are not admitted to this owner. No unconditional weakening rule, reconstructed nalik or complete inflection profile is assigned.", "Source-bound literal cell only: both grammars restrict nalinga to value/worth. N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG selects its value, not the time/place/direction nalaa sense. inflection_sandhi irregular opts into this keyed third-person possessive realization only; no reconstructed nalik or complete inflection profile is assigned." ], "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG": "nalinga" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "value; worth", "en_short": "value", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nali", "natural": "value; worth (citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nali#e8494", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nali#e8023", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2g" ], "id": "nali_value", "category": "nouns" } ], "nukik_energy": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "energy; power" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nukik", "notes": [ "Selected energy/power sense only. The English row groups energy and sinew/muscle, but Danish splits e9600/e9601 and both grammars restrict nasalization to power/energy. Muscle/sinew nukii is not assigned to this owner. No unconditional weakening rule or complete inflection profile is inferred.", "Source-bound literal cell only: both grammars restrict nukinga to energy/power. N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG selects its power, not muscle/sinew or nukii. inflection_sandhi irregular opts into this keyed third-person possessive realization only; other cells and a complete nasalizing profile remain unapproved." ], "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG": "nukinga" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "energy; power", "en_short": "energy", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nukik", "natural": "energy; power (citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nukik#e9600", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nukik#e9052", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2g" ], "id": "nukik_energy", "category": "nouns" } ], "siut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ear" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siut", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "Distinct lexical ear noun, not the denominal affix N_siut_N. The cited grammar explicitly supplies the t-stem paradigm; no reconstructed siutə is stored.", "The four cited head-form cells use an operational irregular literal selector: inspected consumer 0.4.25 otherwise builds unflagged siutimik. This does not classify the linguistic t-stem paradigm as irregular or approve untested cells." ], "special_ending_realizations": { "N_ABS_SG": "siut", "N_ERG_SG": "siutip", "N_ABS_PL": "siutit", "N_INS_SG": "siummik" } }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ear", "da": "øre", "en_short": "ear", "da_short": "øre", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "øre", "singular_definite": "øret", "plural": [ "øren", "ører" ], "plural_definite": [ "ørene", "ørerne" ] } } }, "morphology_class": { "nominal_stem_class": "t_stem", "stem_type": "alveolar_schwa_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "siut", "natural": "ear (citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:siut#e15320", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siut#e14397", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2d", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.41277" ], "id": "siut", "category": "nouns" } ], "sapangaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "pearl" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sapangaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Selected modern pearl row only; the separately listed bone button on a kayak strap is not admitted. Both grammars explicitly name this ng-to-nng paradigm; it is not inferred from a generic gaq spelling rule." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "pearl", "da": "perle", "en_short": "pearl", "da_short": "perle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "perle", "singular_definite": "perlen", "plural": "perler", "plural_definite": "perlerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "ng", "to": "nng" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sapangaq", "natural": "pearl (citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sapangaq#e14336", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sapangaq#e13437", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69355" ], "id": "sapangaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "pisoqaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "something old (a thing)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pisoqaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Selected old-thing reading only, distinct from utoqqaq for old people/animals. Admit the explicitly named weak geminating class without inferring productive derivation or historical atomicity." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "something old (a thing)", "da": "gammel ting", "en_short": "something old (a thing)", "da_short": "gammel ting", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "q", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pisoqaq", "natural": "something old (a thing) (citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pisoqaq#e11456", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pisoqaq#e10756", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "STO:2008-v2/gammel#424de8187301e05bd4cd4782578f90c1f806dd37427a6b8dac815619ed2791ea", "STO:2008-v2/ting#bdb704a42bc3666f3f2a49bd0d46eeecb505a0263b5b097f6605e8b02db0ec74", "STO:2008-v2/ting#79a97a711ae5116c8ea883256e890468a970ea6083c4b5ab3db8adb0eaa9b1df" ], "id": "pisoqaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "qarasaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "brain" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qarasaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Canonical modern qarasaq is row-pinned in both dictionaries and printed by Bjornum. Nielsen prints qarasak, and Schultz-Lorentzen explicitly co-lists qarasaq/qarasak; preserve that source difference without generic k/q normalization or assigning a separate morpheme." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "brain", "da": "hjerne", "en_short": "brain", "da_short": "hjerne", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hjerne", "singular_definite": "hjernen", "plural": "hjerner", "plural_definite": "hjernerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qarasaq", "natural": "brain (citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qarasaq#e12637", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qarasaq#e11874", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.58338" ], "id": "qarasaq", "category": "nouns" } ], "umik_beard_hair": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a beard hair" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "umik", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Selected modern beard-hair reading only. Curtain, under-nail and other sibling readings are not admitted to this owner. The unpossessed strong-k cells are explicitly listed in the grammar; possessive umma/unnga/umia alternatives and their sense/number scope remain unmodeled." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a beard hair", "da": "skæghår", "en_short": "a beard hair", "da_short": "skæghår", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skæghår", "singular_definite": "skæghåret", "plural": "skæghår", "plural_definite": "skæghårene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "umik", "natural": "a beard hair (citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:umik#e18053", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:umik#e17087", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2c", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.57256" ], "id": "umik_beard_hair", "category": "nouns" } ], "qulleq_lamp": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lamp" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qulleq", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Selected lamp row only, distinct from highest/uppermost and eye-tear siblings. A qulleq example under N_lliq_N is not standalone lamp-noun coverage. Both grammars name the strong-q lamp paradigm; no productive historical derivation is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lamp", "da": "lampe", "en_short": "lamp", "da_short": "lampe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lampe", "singular_definite": "lampen", "plural": "lamper", "plural_definite": "lamperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qulleq", "natural": "lamp (citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qulleq#e13631", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qulleq#e12853", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§2b", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.90990" ], "id": "qulleq_lamp", "category": "nouns" } ], "ermuseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mug" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ermuseq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Selected modern mug reading, corroborated by the explicitly named Bjornum paradigm. Historical ladle, bottle, chalice and regional readings are not independently admitted to this owner.", "Bjornum lists ermutsip, ermutsit and ermutsimik with ermusermik as an instrumental alternative. This is named lexical evidence, not admission from the generic -seq spelling alone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mug", "da": "krus", "en_short": "mug", "da_short": "krus", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ermuseq", "natural": "mug (citation headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ermuseq#e3154", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ermuseq#e3060", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.84243", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98937" ], "id": "ermuseq", "category": "nouns" } ], "nattoralik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "eagle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nattoralik", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The paired modern rows and historical eagle rows independently attest this selected lexical sense. No stingray sense, species taxonomy or productive nattora-plus-lik decomposition is inferred.", "Bjornum K4§2 explicitly names this strong k-stem with metathesis. K8§2 example 125 states that all -lik-final words follow atilik. The retaining-k/up profile selects the cited grammatical l-to-ll series; it does not supply independently unattested inflected worked examples or claim variant exclusivity." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "eagle", "en_short": "eagle", "da": "ørn", "da_short": "ørn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ørn", "singular_definite": "ørnen", "plural": "ørne", "plural_definite": "ørnene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nattoralik#e8965", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nattoralik#e8467", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nattoralik#e10838", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Atilik, Bøjningseksempel 125", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61599" ], "id": "nattoralik", "category": "nouns" } ], "amiq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "skin; hide; leather (of a human or animal)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amiq", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "skin; hide; leather (of a human or animal)", "en_short": "skin", "da": "hud; skind; læder", "da_short": "hud", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "m", "to": "mm" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch): both Nielsen (§4.1.4.1.3's 'svage, geminerende nominer' table and §7.1's irregular-noun index) and Bjørnum (K4§2e's gemination table) give the identical paradigm this entry's own pedagogy already uses -- ameq (absolutive singular), ammip (ergative singular), ammit (absolutive plural) -- confirming both the m/mm gemination and the underlying-amiq/surface-ameq split (right_sandhi:assibilation) directly, not just the bare lexeme.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ameq", "natural": "skin (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ammip", "natural": "skin's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "ammit", "natural": "skins (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:amiq", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Oqaatsit1997:ameq#e1165", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ameq#e1148" ], "id": "amiq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "taliq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "arm (of a human or animal)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taliq", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "arm (of a human or animal)", "da": "arm (på et menneske eller dyr)", "da_short": "arm", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch): both Nielsen (§4.1.4.1.3, §7.1) and Bjørnum (K4§2e) give the identical paradigm this entry's own pedagogy already uses -- taleq/tallip/tallit -- confirming both the l/ll gemination and the underlying-taliq/surface-taleq split directly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "taleq", "natural": "arm (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "tallip", "natural": "arm's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "tallit", "natural": "arms (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:taliq", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Oqaatsit1997:taleq#e16197", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taleq#e15202" ], "id": "taliq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "ukaliq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "arctic hare (Lepus arcticus)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ukaliq", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "arctic hare (Lepus arcticus)", "da": "hare (arktisk hare)", "da_short": "hare", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hare", "singular_definite": "haren", "plural": "harer", "plural_definite": "harerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch): both Nielsen (§4.1.4.1.3, §7.1, and §6.1's 'soorlu ukaleq' idiom) and Bjørnum (K4§2e) give the identical paradigm this entry's own pedagogy already uses -- ukaleq/ukallip/ukallit -- confirming both the l/ll gemination and the underlying-ukaliq/surface-ukaleq split directly.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ukaleq", "natural": "arctic hare (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ukallip", "natural": "arctic hare's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "ukallit", "natural": "arctic hares (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ukaliq", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Oqaatsit1997:ukaleq#e17753", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ukaleq#e16794", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.76312" ], "id": "ukaliq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "ateq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "name (of a person or thing)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ateq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {atəq}N: before a vowel-initial ending /ə/ drops but /q/ doesn't itself move, so the resulting /tq/ cluster assimilates to [qq] (ateq -> aqqit, not *atqit) -- MOFO subclasses this as metathesis subtype 'Cəq⇒Cq'. This repo's inflection_sandhi enum has no separate value for that subtype; MOFO's own facet groups it under plain 'Metathesis', matching this entry's inflection_sandhi:metathesis.", "MOFO also records an archaic possessive form 'atii' (4sg/sg, ending N{-i}) where /ə/ does not alternate to [a], and notes the stem can alternatively be ip-declined ('aqqip' for ERG.sg) per Schultz-Lorentzen 1951, though up-declined is the preferred pattern today. Not modeled as a separate example here; recorded for anyone extending this entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "name (of a person or thing)", "da": "navn (på en person eller ting)", "da_short": "navn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "navn", "singular_definite": "navnet", "plural": "navne", "plural_definite": "navnene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#97](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/97), P16): Bjørnum's own full possessive-paradigm table (K8§2, Bøjningseksempel 107) is titled 'Ateq \"navn\" (stærk q-stamme med metatese)' -- independent confirmation not just of the lexeme but of the specific inflection_sandhi:metathesis and morphology_class.stem_type:uvular_weakening_stem schema claims this entry makes. The table's own bracketed alternate forms (atit/aqqit, atia/aqqa, atiat/aqqat, …) directly show the /tq/->[qq] metathesis-then-assimilation pattern this entry's own notes describe.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ateq", "natural": "name (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aqqup", "natural": "name's / the name (ergative singular; also spelled aqqip)" }, { "surface": "aqqit", "natural": "names (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:atəq", "Bjornum2012:K8§2 s.v. Ateq, Bøjningseksempel 107 (pp.189–218)", "Kleinschmidt1871:ateq#e1287", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ateq#e2493", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ateq#e2493", "Oqaatsit1997:ateq#e2273", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ateq#e2231", "Katersat:lex_5415", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44082" ], "id": "ateq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "assik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "an image, likeness, or copy (of someone/something); by extension: a map, portrait, or model", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:assik:e790520fed75", "items": [ { "text": "an image, likeness, or copy (of someone/something)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "core gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:accək", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2g (p.84)", "Kleinschmidt1871:assik#e1181", "SchultzLorentzen1926:assik#e2249", "SchultzLorentzen1927:assik#e2249", "Katersat:lex_5178" ], "rationale": "The cited dictionaries support the image/likeness meaning; these coordinated words express one core concept here." }, { "text": "by extension: a map, portrait, or model", "relation": "distinct_sense", "scope": "extended applications of the core likeness meaning", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:accək", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2g (p.84)", "Kleinschmidt1871:assik#e1181", "SchultzLorentzen1926:assik#e2249", "SchultzLorentzen1927:assik#e2249", "Katersat:lex_5178" ], "rationale": "The review identifies these as examples/extensions rather than interchangeable translation options." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {accək}N; declension sandhi is nasalation/weakening of the final consonant before a vowel-initial ending (assik -> assingup), matching MOFO's 'Weakening' facet.", "MOFO notes this stem's strong-k-stem inflection is regarded as archaic; today it is more often inflected as a vowel-stem (assigaa, assigiipput...), and some speakers treat it as a weak q-stem ('asseq' singular) -- a form MOFO explicitly does not record as standard, since Oqaatsit 1997 only lists the vowel-stem form. This entry records only the historical/prescriptive strong-k-stem pattern per Schultz-Lorentzen 1951/Kleinschmidt 1871, not the more common living usage -- flagged rather than papered over." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "an image, likeness, or copy; by extension: a map, portrait, or model", "en_short": "an image, likeness, or copy (of {{Subject}})", "da": "et billede, en afbildning eller kopi", "da_short": "et billede, en afbildning eller kopi", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Needs owner judgment (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), one of two flagged cases in issue [#32](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/32)'s research pass): Nielsen (§7.1: 'assi (billede), assinga') and Bjørnum (K4§2g 'Nasalering', item 1: 'assi -- billede; fotografi; noget der ligner', with assinga/assingat/assingi) both independently attest the lexeme, gloss, and the possessed forms assinga/assingat/assingi. These are not the unpossessed assingup/assingit shown below: Bjornum restricts nasalering to vowel-initial third-person possessive endings, and neither cited passage independently corroborates those two unpossessed forms. BOTH cite the citation/absolutive form as 'assi', not MOFO's strong-k-stem 'assik'. This corroborates this entry's own existing hedge ('today it is more often inflected as a vowel-stem') rather than contradicting it, but the inflection-class discrepancy itself (velar_weakening_stem vs. vowel-stem citation form) is real and left unresolved here -- recorded for owner review, not silently reconciled. Separately, Bjørnum's own term for the assi/assinga alternation is 'nasalering' (nasalization, historical k -> ng before vowel-initial possessive endings), a different label from this entry's/MOFO's own inflection_sandhi:weakening. The primary grammar scope is possessive; it does not independently validate extending that label to every vowel-initial inflectional ending in the historical entry. Retain the distinction pending review of its separately cited historical paradigm.", "examples": [ { "surface": "assik", "natural": "image / likeness / map (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "assingup", "natural": "image's / map's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "assingit", "natural": "images / maps (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "nunap assinga", "natural": "map of the land (nunap = land's, assinga = its map/image, 3sg-possessed)" }, { "surface": "silap assinga", "natural": "globe (literally 'the world's image') [SK71]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:accək", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Bjornum2012:K4§2g (p.84)", "Kleinschmidt1871:assik#e1181", "SchultzLorentzen1926:assik#e2249", "SchultzLorentzen1927:assik#e2249", "Katersat:lex_5178" ], "id": "assik", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "ivik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "blade of grass; (by extension) a type of hard ship biscuit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ivik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis_limited_to_ergative_and_plural", "notes": [ "Exact historical grass and modern biscuit rows support those selected readings independently. Modern hagfish rows e5511/e5357 are excluded. Nielsen gives historical dual ippik for grass; that isolated dual is not approval of this existing whole weak/ip profile or a modern grass-headword claim.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {əvək}N. MOFO labels this stem's declension sandhi 'Limited metathesis': unlike full metathesis (see ateq), this stem behaves as an ordinary weak k-stem before most consonant-initial endings, but shows a /k/-/v/ reordering specifically in the ergative singular and plural -- surfacing in the practical orthography as ivik -> iffip/iffit (the digraph 'ff' spells the resulting cluster).", "MOFO notes the original 'blade of grass' meaning has mostly been taken over by the separately-derived stem {əvəgaq}N (not modeled in this repo); 'ship biscuit' is now the more common sense of the bare stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "blade of grass; (by extension) a type of hard ship biscuit", "en_short": "blade of grass", "da": "græsstrå; (også) en hård skibskiks", "da_short": "græsstrå", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "ip", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "v", "to": "ff" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ivik", "natural": "blade of grass / ship biscuit (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "iffip", "natural": "blade of grass's / ship biscuit's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "iffit", "natural": "blades of grass / ship biscuits (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:əvək", "Kleinschmidt1871:ivik#e2955", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ivik#e5941", "Oqaatsit1997:ivik#e5510", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ivik#e5356", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.2" ], "id": "ivik", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "arfak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "edge of the hand" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arfak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aqvak}N. Some older dictionaries (e.g. Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, who writes it 'arfaĸ') list this stem as a q-stem instead, but the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary derives it from a proto-form {aʀvaɣ}, confirming the k-stem form as original -- flagged since it's a real, sourced disagreement between dictionaries, not settled beyond dispute." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "edge of the hand", "da": "kanten af hånden", "da_short": "kanten af hånden", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Partially corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch): Bjørnum's numerals chapter (K6§2) notes 'Arfineq er beslægtet med arfak, ydekanten af hånden (der, hvor man begynder at tælle videre)' -- 'six [arfineq] is related to arfak, the edge of the hand (where one starts counting again)' -- independently confirming both the lexeme and gloss ('edge of the hand'), plus a folk-etymological link to the number six via traditional finger-counting not present in MOFO's own entry. No Nielsen hit was found for this stem despite searching across all extracted chapters; flagged as single-source corroboration only, weaker than this batch's other entries.", "examples": [ { "surface": "arfak", "natural": "edge of the hand (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "arfaap", "natural": "edge of the hand's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "arfaat", "natural": "edges of the hand (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aqvak", "Bjornum2012:K6§2 (pp.134–135)", "Oqaatsit1997:arfak#e1817", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfak#e1788", "Katersat:lex_4602" ], "id": "arfak", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "utoqqaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "an old (person or animal) -- not used of old things" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "utoqqaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {utuqqaq}N. MOFO flags this as 'one of the rare, regular q-stems with up-declension' -- most regular q-stems and p-declension pair together more often (compare N_qaq_Vb's already-cited uvular_deleting_stem/p pairing), so this entry is a genuinely notable counter-example, not a typical case.", "MOFO notes a possible historical derivation from the affix N{-tuqaq}N (compare {pi}N + N{-tuqaq}N -> pisoqaq, 'an old thing'), but flags this as uncertain and does not record it here as a live combination -- not modeled as a derivation in this entry either." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "an old (person or animal)", "en_short": "an old (person or animal)", "da": "en gammel (person eller dyr)", "da_short": "en gammel", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "utoqqaq", "natural": "an old person / animal (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "utoqqaap", "natural": "the old person's / animal's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "utoqqaat", "natural": "old people / animals (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:utuqqaq", "Oqaatsit1997:utoqqaq#e18470", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:utoqqaq#e17487", "Kleinschmidt1871:utoqqaq#e9585", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.2.4", "Bjornum2012:K4§2b" ], "id": "utoqqaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "anori": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wind" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anori", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {anurə}N -- 'one of the relatively rare, original ə-stems' per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary (derived from a historical {anuqə}, not from a stem that merely lost a final /q/ or /k/, unlike this repo's other schwa-adjacent entries).", "MOFO records TWO documented declension patterns for this stem: the majority pattern (Kleinschmidt, Schultz-Lorentzen 1951, Petersen, Nielsen -- 4 sources) geminates /r/ to /rr/ (devoiced to [χχ] in speech, still spelled 'rr': anori -> anorrip), which is what this entry models; a minority alternative (Schultz-Lorentzen 1951 only) declines without gemination instead (anori -> anorip). Only the majority pattern is modeled here; flagged rather than silently picking one without noting the other exists.", "MOFO also records an irregular ergative singular variant 'anorrup' (alongside the regular 'anorrip'), used by some speakers who treat the stem as if it had metathesis (compare ateq's genuine metathesis pattern) -- explicitly noted by MOFO as NOT actual metathesis, since the absolutive 3sg/sg possessive form 'anoraa' proves the stem doesn't have it. Not modeled as a separate example; recorded here so it isn't mistaken for evidence of metathesis if this entry is extended." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wind", "da": "vind", "da_short": "vind", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "vind", "singular_definite": "vinden", "plural": "vinde", "plural_definite": "vindene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "schwa_final_stem", "declension_class": "p", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "rr" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Partially corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch): Nielsen's own affix-example lists independently confirm the lexeme and 'wind' gloss twice (§5.3.1.6.2: 'anori, vind; anorisiorpoq, han er ude i vinden'; §5.3.1.7.2: 'anori, vind; anorerpallappoq, man kan høre vinden'), matching the underlying anor- shape ({anurə}N). Neither example shows the stem in its geminating ergative/plural form, so this doesn't independently confirm the rr-gemination claim itself -- only the lexeme, gloss, and underlying shape. Flagged as weaker corroboration than this batch's amiq/taliq/ukaliq/naaq entries, which do independently attest the full inflected paradigm.", "examples": [ { "surface": "anori", "natural": "wind (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "anorrip", "natural": "wind's (ergative singular; the regular form -- an alternative, irregular 'anorrup' is also attested by some speakers, see notes)" }, { "surface": "anorrit", "natural": "winds (absolutive plural -- geminated, matching this entry's chosen majority declension pattern; the alternative non-geminating pattern's absolutive plural would be 'anorit' instead, see notes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:anurə", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.6.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.7.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:anori#e822", "SchultzLorentzen1926:anori (anivoq)#e1530", "SchultzLorentzen1927:anori (anivoq)#e1530", "Oqaatsit1997:anori#e1612", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anori#e1583", "Katersat:lex_4142", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.48997" ], "id": "anori", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "naaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "belly; stomach; abdomen (of a human or animal); commonly used in the plural even with a singular meaning" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naaq", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {na(j)aq}N. Per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10], the reconstructed historical form is {na(ẑ)aq}, with a consonant that has since been dropped from the citation/absolutive form -- but it resurfaces during inflection (geminating to [cc], spelt 'ss'), which MOFO records by writing it parenthetically as (j) in the morphemic form. This is inflection_sandhi:injection: an unwritten historical consonant re-appearing under inflection, not merely an already-visible consonant doubling (contrast this repo's own amiq/taliq/ukaliq/anori, where the geminating consonant is already present in the citation form). MOFO co-lists THREE inflection-sandhi values for this stem (Default/none, Geminating, Injection); this entry asserts injection specifically, the genuinely novel fact being closed here -- the gemination itself is already well-corroborated elsewhere in this repo.", "morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately NOT set on this entry, even though gemination is co-occurring here: that struct's existing amiq/taliq/ukaliq/anori usage always names a consonant already visible in the citation form (e.g. m->mm). Here there is no such visible 'from' consonant in the absolutive 'naaq' to name -- forcing this into the same {from,to} shape would misrepresent an injection as an ordinary doubling. Recorded as morphology_class.injected_cluster instead (a plain literal target cluster, no 'from' side needed) -- see that field's own schema description for the same rationale, generalized once unaaq (this file's own sibling entry) needed the identical mechanism with a different injected consonant.", "right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision is directly attested, though MOFO's own phrasing hedges slightly ('this indicates that the final /aq/ may drop'): per Kleinschmidt [SK71], 'his stomach' (plural) is 'nai', with the absolutive 3sg/pl possessive ending N{-i} -- corroborates this repo's own V_galuaq_N, the first entry to populate this value.", "Some newer sources [JP67], [KGJRP03] alternatively record this stem inflecting as a REGULAR p-declined weak q-stem, without gemination or injection at all (plural 'naat' instead of 'nassat') -- MOFO explicitly declines to record that alternative pattern in its own declension table, since it is the regular/unremarkable case. Only the geminating/injecting pattern is modeled here, matching MOFO's own choice." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "belly; stomach; abdomen; commonly used in the plural even with a singular meaning", "en_short": "belly", "da": "mave; bug", "da_short": "mave", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch), and unusually strongly: both Nielsen (§7.1, §4.1.4.1.3) and Bjørnum (K4§2e) give the identical paradigm naaq/nassap(naap)/nassat(naat)/nassanik(naanik) already used in this entry's own pedagogy. Bjørnum's own prose (K4§2e, discussing gemination patterns nos.19-23) goes further and independently arrives at essentially the same unwritten-historical-consonant analysis this entry's inflection_sandhi:injection asserts: 'Den tilsyneladende manglende konsonant, der gemineres i nr. 19-23, er et j eller v, der ikke skrives... Det er sikkert en tilsvarende konsonant, der gemineres i naaq' ('The apparently-missing consonant that geminates in nos.19-23 is a j or v that isn't written... it's surely a similar consonant that geminates in naaq') -- an independent grammarian's own reasoning converging on the same fact MOFO records, not just a matching surface paradigm.", "examples": [ { "surface": "naaq", "natural": "belly / stomach (absolutive singular, though the plural is more commonly used with the same meaning)" }, { "surface": "nassat", "natural": "bellies / stomachs (absolutive plural -- the /j/ injects and geminates to [ss], illustrating inflection_sandhi:injection directly)" }, { "surface": "nassap", "natural": "belly's / stomach's (ergative singular; same injected-and-geminated pattern)" }, { "surface": "nassakka", "natural": "my belly/stomach (possessed; the meaning is singular even though the form is plural, per this stem's own inherent-plural quirk)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:na(j)aq", "Nielsen2012:§7.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e (pp.79–81)", "Kleinschmidt1871:naaq#e5373", "SchultzLorentzen1926:naaq#e10910", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naaq#e10910", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.54813", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.79069", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94740" ], "id": "naaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "aarnuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "amulet; talisman (a secret, personal protective object, e.g. sewn into clothing or kept in a kayak)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:aarnuaq:fa10d673b6da", "items": [ { "text": "amulet", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the protective object", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:aaqnu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarnuaq", "Oqaatsit1997:aarnuaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aarnuaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aarnuaq#e2080", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aarnuaq#e2080", "Katersat:lex_32852" ], "rationale": "The cited English dictionary explicitly gives “amulet” and “talisman” as translations.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "talisman", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the protective object", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:aaqnu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarnuaq", "Oqaatsit1997:aarnuaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aarnuaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aarnuaq#e2080", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aarnuaq#e2080", "Katersat:lex_32852" ], "rationale": "The cited English dictionary explicitly gives “talisman” and “amulet” as translations.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "a secret, personal protective object, e.g. sewn into clothing or kept in a kayak", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "description and examples of the object", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:aaqnu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarnuaq", "Oqaatsit1997:aarnuaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aarnuaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aarnuaq#e2080", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aarnuaq#e2080", "Katersat:lex_32852" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical explains the culturally specific referent and use, rather than adding a translation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aarnuaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aaqnu(j)aq}N: an unwritten historical consonant between /u/ and /a/ (parenthesised as (j)) is absent from the citation form 'aarnuaq' but resurfaces geminated under inflection (aarnussap, aarnussat -- devoiced to [cc], spelt 'ss'). MOFO co-lists 'Geminating, Injection' for this stem, the same pairing already used for this repo's naaq entry, so injection is asserted here for the same reason: it is the more specific, novel fact." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "amulet; talisman", "en_short": "amulet", "da": "amulet; talisman", "da_short": "amulet", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aarnuaq", "natural": "amulet / talisman (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aarnussap", "natural": "amulet's / talisman's (ergative singular; the /j/ injects and geminates to [cc], spelt 'ss')" }, { "surface": "aarnussat", "natural": "amulets / talismans (absolutive plural; same injected-and-geminated pattern)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aaqnu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarnuaq", "Oqaatsit1997:aarnuaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aarnuaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aarnuaq#e2080", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aarnuaq#e2080", "Katersat:lex_32852", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81424", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.82330" ], "id": "aarnuaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "alleroq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "lower jawbone (mandible), of human or animal", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:alleroq:72c133c36940", "items": [ { "text": "lower jawbone", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:agliruq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alleroq", "Oqaatsit1997:alleroq", "Kleinschmidt1871:alleroq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alleroq#e80", "SchultzLorentzen1927:alleroq#e80", "Katersat:lex_2899" ], "rationale": "The cited dictionary defines the term as a jawbone/lower jaw." }, { "text": "mandible", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "technical appositive for “lower jawbone”", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:agliruq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alleroq", "Oqaatsit1997:alleroq", "Kleinschmidt1871:alleroq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alleroq#e80", "SchultzLorentzen1927:alleroq#e80", "Katersat:lex_2899" ], "rationale": "The cited entry supports “mandible” as a technical restatement, not an independent option." }, { "text": "of human or animal", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "specifies the possible possessor/referent", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:agliruq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alleroq", "Oqaatsit1997:alleroq", "Kleinschmidt1871:alleroq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alleroq#e80", "SchultzLorentzen1927:alleroq#e80", "Katersat:lex_2899" ], "rationale": "The source definition explicitly applies to humans and animals." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alleroq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {agliruq}N. Declines with gemination of the stem-final /r/ to /qq/ before a consonant-initial ending (alleru- before vowel, allequ- before consonant: alleroq, alleqqup, alleqqut) -- a different target cluster from this repo's existing m->mm/l->ll examples, filling a new r->qq gemination-cluster gap with real MOFO data (shared with this batch's own akeraq entry)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "lower jawbone (mandible), of human or animal", "da": "underkæbe", "da_short": "underkæbe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "underkæbe", "singular_definite": "underkæben", "plural": "underkæber", "plural_definite": "underkæberne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "alleroq", "natural": "lower jawbone (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "alleqqup", "natural": "lower jawbone's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "alleqqut", "natural": "lower jawbones (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:agliruq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alleroq", "Oqaatsit1997:alleroq", "Kleinschmidt1871:alleroq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alleroq#e80", "SchultzLorentzen1927:alleroq#e80", "Katersat:lex_2899", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.59704" ], "id": "alleroq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "aalaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "steam; moisture; (older, possibly archaic) sweat (on the body)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:aalaq:028191eae0c4", "items": [ { "text": "steam; moisture; (older, possibly archaic) sweat (on the body)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:ailaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalaq", "Oqaatsit1997:aalaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aalaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aalaq#e264", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aalaq#e264", "Katersat:lex_9918" ], "rationale": "No source YAML change is proposed; retain the complete raw meaning. If structured annotations are added later, preserve the exact row citations and represent the indicated relation explicitly." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aalaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ailaq}N, a weak q-stem with plain gemination of the visible stem-final /l/ to /ll/ before a consonant-initial ending (aala- before vowel, aalla- before consonant: aalaq, aallap, aallat) -- the same l->ll pattern already established by this repo's taliq/ukaliq/kalaaliq/(this batch's own aalisaq-adjacent) entries, on a new lexeme. Kleinschmidt [SK71] additionally records a 'sweat (on the body)' sense not carried into the newer Oqaatsit 1997 dictionary, so it may be archaic; both senses are recorded per MOFO's own text." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "steam; moisture; sweat", "en_short": "steam", "da": "damp; fugt; (ældre) sved", "da_short": "damp", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aalaq", "natural": "steam / moisture (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aallap", "natural": "steam's / moisture's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "aallat", "natural": "steams / moistures (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ailaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalaq", "Oqaatsit1997:aalaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aalaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aalaq#e264", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aalaq#e264", "Katersat:lex_9918" ], "id": "aalaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "aalisaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wallpaper; wall-hanging; tapestry (originally: wall-covering skin lining the walls of a traditional house)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aalisaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ailisaq}N, reconstructed by the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10] from an older {ailitaq}, whose /t/ assibilated to /s/ after the preceding true /i/ (aalisa- before vowel) but resurfaces as /ts/ before a consonant-initial ending (aalitsa-: aalisaq, aalitsap, aalitsat). MOFO's own gemination code is 's⇒tc' (orthographic 'ts', phonemically [tc]), a distinct target cluster from this repo's existing gemination examples, recorded here as {from: s, to: ts}.", "MOFO flags its singular-headword wallpaper sense as possibly no longer current. Oqaatsit 1997 and the English dictionary independently list the plural-form headword aalitsat as wallpaper. These modern rows contradict blanket absence from Oqaatsit; they do not establish modern free singular usage, the full paradigm, or MOFO's reconstructed assibilation rule.", "DISAMBIGUATION (#544 theme 2 / #558): this wallpaper stem is NOT the fishing verb aalisar and NOT the fish noun aalisagaq. Pedagogy aalisarpoq must not ride aalisaq + N_r_loanword_Vb / N_t_hunt_Vb. See docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme2-shared-bases.md." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wallpaper; wall-hanging; tapestry", "en_short": "wallpaper", "da": "tapet; vægbeklædning; gobelin", "da_short": "tapet", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aalisaq", "natural": "wallpaper / tapestry (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aalitsap", "natural": "wallpaper's / tapestry's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "aalitsat", "natural": "wallpaper (modern dictionary plural-form headword)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalitsat#e93", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalitsat#e93", "MOFO:ailisaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aalisaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aalisaq#e1095", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aalisaq#e1095", "Katersat:lex_32215" ], "id": "aalisaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "akik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "barb (on a harpoon or fish hook)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {akək}N, a strong k-stem declining with weakening (nasalation) of /k/ before a vowel-initial ending (akik -> akingup, akingit); MOFO itself notes the up-declension is 'presumably' correct by analogy since its own cited sources (Kleinschmidt, Ordbogeeraq, Schultz-Lorentzen's grammar) do not state it explicitly -- recorded as a hedge, not independently confirmed here either.", "Not to be confused with the unrelated, similarly-spelled stem {aki}N ('price', not itself modeled as its own entry in this repo) -- all of this batch's precomputed search hits for 'aki/akik' (akikippoq 'is cheap', akikitsoq 'cheap', etc.) belong to that different lexeme and are not evidence for this stem." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "barb (on a harpoon or fish hook)", "da": "modhage (på en harpun eller fiskekrog)", "da_short": "modhage", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "modhage", "singular_definite": "modhagen", "plural": "modhager", "plural_definite": "modhagerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akik", "natural": "barb (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "akingup", "natural": "barb's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "akingit", "natural": "barbs (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:akək", "Kleinschmidt1871:akik", "SchultzLorentzen1926:akik", "SchultzLorentzen1927:akik#e828", "Katersat:lex_1516", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69232" ], "id": "akik", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "akeroq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "knot (in wood)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akeroq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {akəruq}N. No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source was found after a real search (grepped 'akeroq'/'akəruq'/'akeqqut' across all three extracted corpora; no hits at all)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "knot (in wood)", "da": "knast (i træ)", "da_short": "knast", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "knast", "singular_definite": "knasten", "plural": "knaster", "plural_definite": "knasterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akeroq", "natural": "knot in wood (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "akeqqup", "natural": "knot's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "akeqqut", "natural": "knots (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:akəruq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akeroq", "Oqaatsit1997:akeroq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:akeroq#e836", "SchultzLorentzen1927:akeroq#e836", "Katersat:lex_1431", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56730" ], "id": "akeroq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "aligoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crystal (rock); quartz crystal" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aligoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aliguq}N. No independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 source was found after a real search (grepped 'aligoq'/'aliguq'/'alikkut'; no hits)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crystal (rock); quartz crystal", "en_short": "crystal (rock)", "da": "krystal; bjergkrystal", "da_short": "krystal", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aligoq", "natural": "quartz crystal (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "alikkup", "natural": "crystal's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "alikkut", "natural": "crystals (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aliguq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aligoq", "Oqaatsit1997:aligoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aligoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aligoq#e1077", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aligoq#e1077", "Katersat:lex_2662" ], "id": "aligoq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "aloq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sole (of a bare foot or of a boot)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aloq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aluq}N. All source_search_hits for the raw string 'aloq' were coincidental substring matches inside the unrelated verb oqaloqatigaa ('talks with him', from oqaluppoq 'speaks') and its derivatives, plus the unrelated noun ujaloq ('sewing thread') -- not this lexeme. No genuine independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 hit was found." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sole (of a bare foot or of a boot)", "da": "fodsål; (også) støvlesål", "da_short": "fodsål", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aloq", "natural": "sole of the foot / of a boot (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "allup", "natural": "sole's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "allut", "natural": "soles (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aluq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aloq", "Oqaatsit1997:aloq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aloq#e609", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aloq#e1110", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aloq#e1110", "Katersat:lex_3048" ], "id": "aloq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "aleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "harpoon line (thong or line for a harpoon)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aleq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "metathesis", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aləq}N, a strong q-stem with the same Cəq⇒Cq metathesis subtype as this repo's own ateq entry (schwa drops, /lq/ metathesizes and assimilates, spelled 'rl': aleq -> arlup, arlit).", "All source_search_hits for the raw string 'aleq' were coincidental substring matches inside unrelated words ending in -aleq (kalaaleq 'Greenlander', ukaleq 'hare', taleq 'arm', ualeq 'afternoon') or the unrelated affix {ccailiqə}V; none is this lexeme. No genuine independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 hit was found." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "harpoon line (thong or line for a harpoon)", "da": "harpunline", "da_short": "harpunline", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aleq", "natural": "harpoon line (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "arlup", "natural": "harpoon line's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "arlit", "natural": "harpoon lines (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aləq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aleq", "Oqaatsit1997:aleq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aleq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aleq (pl. arlit)#e1047", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aleq (pl. arlit)#e1047", "Katersat:lex_2611" ], "id": "aleq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "asaloq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "kayak stool (a small scaffold in front of the kayak man's seat, on which the harpoon line rests)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:asaloq:8f86170b3fc1", "items": [ { "text": "kayak stool (a small scaffold in front of the kayak man's seat, on which the harpoon line rests)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:asaluq", "Kleinschmidt1871:asaloq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:asaloq#e2160", "SchultzLorentzen1927:asaloq#e2160", "Katersat:lex_4866" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asaloq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {asaluq}N. Not recorded in the newer dictionary Oqaatsit [CBBJRPIKJR97]; MOFO's only sources are Kleinschmidt 1871/Petersen 1967/Schultz-Lorentzen 1951/1958 -- flagged as possibly archaic, extra reason the Oqaasileriffik cross-check below matters." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "kayak stool", "da": "kajakskammel", "da_short": "kajakskammel", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "asaloq", "natural": "kayak stool (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "asallup", "natural": "kayak stool's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "asallut", "natural": "kayak stools (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:asaluq", "Kleinschmidt1871:asaloq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:asaloq#e2160", "SchultzLorentzen1927:asaloq#e2160", "Katersat:lex_4866" ], "id": "asaloq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "aamaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "glow; ember; (by extension) coal, glowing coal", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:aamaq:0f5345ea16a5", "items": [ { "text": "glow; ember", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "core gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:aumaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aamaq", "Oqaatsit1997:aamaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aama", "Katersat:lex_32471" ], "rationale": "The source rows support glow/ember as the core meaning." }, { "text": "(by extension) coal, glowing coal", "relation": "distinct_sense", "scope": "related extended sense", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:aumaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aamaq", "Oqaatsit1997:aamaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aama", "Katersat:lex_32471" ], "rationale": "The review treats coal as an explicitly marked extension from the core glowing-ember meaning, not as an interchangeable option." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aamaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aumaq}N. Older dictionaries (Kleinschmidt 1871, Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, Petersen 1967) record this as a VOWEL stem 'auma', but the newer Oqaatsit 1997 lists only the q-stem 'aamaq' -- MOFO follows Oqaatsit and records it only as a q-stem, which this entry follows.", "Per Schultz-Lorentzen 1951, this stem may optionally decline without gemination; only the geminating pattern (MOFO's own primary declension table) is modeled here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "glow; ember; (by extension) coal, glowing coal", "en_short": "glow", "da": "glød; gløder; kul", "da_short": "glød", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "m", "to": "mm" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aamaq", "natural": "glow / ember (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "aammap", "natural": "glow's / ember's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "aammat", "natural": "glows / embers (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:aumaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aamaq", "Oqaatsit1997:aamaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aama", "Katersat:lex_32471" ], "id": "aamaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "anngiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a secret; child born in secrecy (after a concealed pregnancy); archaically, a malicious spirit in Greenlandic mythology said to arise from such a child", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:anngiaq:68abd4bfc16f", "items": [ { "text": "a secret", "relation": "distinct_sense", "scope": "secretly born child sense", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:angngijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anngiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:anngiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:anngiaq", "Rasmussen1893:anngiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:anngiaq#e1626", "SchultzLorentzen1927:anngiaq#e1626", "Katersat:lex_3951" ], "rationale": "The sources document the secretly born child meaning." }, { "text": "child born in secrecy (after a concealed pregnancy)", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "definition/context of the child sense", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:angngijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anngiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:anngiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:anngiaq", "Rasmussen1893:anngiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:anngiaq#e1626", "SchultzLorentzen1927:anngiaq#e1626", "Katersat:lex_3951" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical explains the secret-birth sense." }, { "text": "archaically, a malicious spirit in Greenlandic mythology said to arise from such a child", "relation": "distinct_sense", "scope": "archaic mythological sense", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:angngijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anngiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:anngiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:anngiaq", "Rasmussen1893:anngiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:anngiaq#e1626", "SchultzLorentzen1927:anngiaq#e1626", "Katersat:lex_3951" ], "rationale": "The sources attest a separate archaic spirit referent and its origin relation to the secretly born child." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anngiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {angngijaq}N; per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary the root is a verbal stem {angngi-} ('to conceal a secret') + the passive participle V{-thaq}N, but since {angngi-} is not independently attested as a Kalaallisut verb, MOFO records the whole as a single (non-combinatory) morpheme -- followed here.", "MOFO records a documented meaning shift: Kleinschmidt 1871's mythological 'malicious spirit' sense is flagged by MOFO as archaic; the newer Oqaatsit 1997 lists only 'a secret' and 'child born in secrecy' (via Rasmussen 1893), not the mythological sense.", "The geminating consonant (j) is not visible in the citation form 'anngiaq' (unlike e.g. avataq's visible 't'), so morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is left unset here rather than misleadingly naming an invisible segment -- same reasoning as naaq/annoraaq, though MOFO classifies THIS stem's sandhi as plain 'Geminating' (not co-listing 'Injection' as an alternative the way it does for naaq/annoraaq), so inflection_sandhi:geminating is kept rather than :injection." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a secret; child born in secrecy", "en_short": "a secret", "da": "en hemmelighed; et barn født i hemmelighed", "da_short": "en hemmelighed", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anngiaq", "natural": "a secret / child born in secrecy (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "anngissap", "natural": "the secret's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "anngissat", "natural": "secrets (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:angngijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anngiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:anngiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:anngiaq", "Rasmussen1893:anngiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:anngiaq#e1626", "SchultzLorentzen1927:anngiaq#e1626", "Katersat:lex_3951" ], "id": "anngiaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "iseraq_goblin": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "mythological creature; a type of small goblin or troll said to hide in the ground" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iseraq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION: a true homograph, not a duplicate -- MOFO catalogues a wholly separate stem also citation-spelled 'iseraq' meaning 'ankle' (this repo's own iseraq_ankle, this same file), with its own distinct MOFO id (isəraq) and etymology. Renamed with a sense-disambiguating suffix since both share the identical practical-orthography citation form.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {icəraq}N; per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary it derives from {ithər-}, 'to hide', though the nominalising affix is unexplained.", "This batch's pre-fetched source_search_hits list one Bjornum2012 hit ('miseraasivik | sovekande | (miseraq sovs)'), but on inspection this is a coincidental substring match on the unrelated word miseraq ('sauce/gravy') containing '-iseraq' as its own final syllables, not this stem -- not treated as corroboration." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "mythological creature; a type of small goblin or troll said to hide in the ground", "en_short": "mythological creature", "da": "mytologisk væsen; en slags lille trold der gemmer sig i jorden", "da_short": "mytologisk væsen", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iseraq", "natural": "goblin / troll (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "iseqqap", "natural": "goblin's / troll's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "iseqqat", "natural": "goblins / trolls (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:icəraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iseraq", "Oqaatsit1997:iseraq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:iseraq#e5632", "SchultzLorentzen1927:iseraq#e5632" ], "id": "iseraq_goblin", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "iggiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "throat; gullet; esophagus" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iggiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {iggijaq}N; per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary it derives from {igyar(ar)}, from {igə-} 'to swallow' + {yar} 'place where an action takes place'.", "The geminating consonant (j) is not visible in the citation form 'iggiaq' (unlike e.g. avataq's visible 't'), so morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is left unset -- same reasoning as anngiaq below/above; MOFO classifies this stem's sandhi as plain 'Geminating' (not co-listing 'Injection'), so inflection_sandhi:geminating is kept." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "throat; gullet; esophagus", "en_short": "throat", "da": "hals; svælg; spiserør", "da_short": "hals", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iggiaq", "natural": "throat / gullet / esophagus (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "iggissap", "natural": "throat's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "iggissat", "natural": "throats (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:iggijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iggiaq#e3390", "Oqaatsit1997:iggiaq#e3535", "Kleinschmidt1871:iggiaq#e1816", "SchultzLorentzen1926:iggiaq#e3635", "SchultzLorentzen1927:iggiaq#e3635", "Katersat:lex_7432" ], "id": "iggiaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "ikusik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "elbow (esp. the outer side of the forearm nearest the elbow, per Kleinschmidt)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:ikusik:d5ebe30b12c3", "items": [ { "text": "elbow (esp. the outer side of the forearm nearest the elbow, per Kleinschmidt)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:ikusək", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikusik#e3637", "Oqaatsit1997:ikusik#e3772", "Kleinschmidt1871:ikusik#e2040", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ikusik#e4059", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ikusik#e4059", "Katersat:lex_34088" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikusik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO records this as an IRREGULAR gemination (/s/ -> [tc], spelt 'ts' rather than the expected 'ss'): 'As this is not regular, we write it as /tc/ in the phonemic inflection.' Recorded here as gemination:{from:s,to:ts} using the practical-orthography spelling of the alternation.", "The stem-internal historical schwa has become true /i/ and does not alternate with [a] even when /k/ drops before a vowel-initial ending (ikusia, not *ikusaa)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "elbow", "da": "albue", "da_short": "albue", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "albue", "singular_definite": "albuen", "plural": "albuer", "plural_definite": "albuerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikusik", "natural": "elbow (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ikutsip", "natural": "elbow's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "ikutsit", "natural": "elbows (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "ikusia", "natural": "his elbow (absolutive 3sg/sg possessive, per Kleinschmidt)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ikusək", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikusik#e3637", "Oqaatsit1997:ikusik#e3772", "Kleinschmidt1871:ikusik#e2040", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ikusik#e4059", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ikusik#e4059", "Katersat:lex_34088", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61718" ], "id": "ikusik", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "inuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "toe (archaic); deck of playing cards (plural; the only sense Oqaatsit records); draughtsman/checker piece (rare)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inuaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic form is {inu(g)aq}N: a historical /g/ between /u/ and /a/ is unwritten in the new orthography, but resurfaces and geminates to [kk] under inflection (inuaq -> inukkap) -- the same unwritten-consonant-resurfacing pattern this file's own naaq entry models as inflection_sandhi:injection. gemination:{from,to} is deliberately left unset here, for the same reason given on naaq's own entry: there is no visible 'from' consonant in the citation form 'inuaq' to name.", "Older variant of {inu(j)ak}N (see this file's own inuak entry): per MOFO, this -aq/-g- form is recorded by older dictionaries (Kleinschmidt, Schultz-Lorentzen) while newer ones (Ordbogeeraq, Oqaatsit) record only the -ak/-j- variant instead. Oqaatsit's only recorded meaning for this specific form is 'deck of playing cards.'" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "toe; deck of playing cards", "en_short": "toe (archaic)", "da": "tå (gammeldags); spillekort (i flertal); brikker (sjælden)", "da_short": "tå", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "kk", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inuaq", "natural": "toe (archaic); a checker/draughts piece (rare, absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "inukkap", "natural": "toe's / checker piece's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "inukkat", "natural": "deck of playing cards (absolutive plural -- the only sense Oqaatsit records for this form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:inu(g)aq", "Kleinschmidt1871:inuaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:inuaq#e5161", "SchultzLorentzen1927:inuaq#e5161", "Katersat:lex_39734" ], "id": "inuaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "inuak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "toe; (rarely) finger" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inuak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO records TWO competing inflection patterns for this stem: (1) regular k-stem with up-declension (modeled here; MOFO says this is 'likely the most common inflection pattern today'), and (2) an older/alternate weak-k-stem pattern with gemination of a historically-/g/-then-/v/-then-fully-dropped consonant to [cc] (spelt 'ss': inuak -> inussap/inussat), reflecting the stem's ultimate etymology. Only pattern (1) is modeled here; pattern (2) is recorded in prose only, matching this file's own naaq/anori/assik precedent for un-modeled alternate declensions.", "Etymologically {inuk}N + N{-aq}N per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary (inuk is already an independently-sourced entry in this repo's nouns.yaml) -- but MOFO treats the modern stem as atomic/non-productive, not a live combination, and this entry follows that.", "Variant of {inu(g)aq}N (see this file's own inuaq entry); MOFO records this -ak/-j- form as the one preferred by newer dictionaries (Ordbogeeraq, Oqaatsit), unlike the older -aq/-g- form." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "toe; (rarely) finger", "en_short": "toe", "da": "tå; (sjældent) finger", "da_short": "tå", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inuak", "natural": "toe (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "inuaap", "natural": "toe's (ergative singular, regular k-stem pattern)" }, { "surface": "inuaat", "natural": "toes (absolutive plural); also 'the fingers' in the possessive phrase assaasa inuaat, literally 'the toes of his hands' (rare sense, per Kleinschmidt)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:inu(j)ak", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inuak", "Oqaatsit1997:inuak", "Katersat:lex_34409" ], "id": "inuak", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "iperaq_cord": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "harpoon cord (a short cord or thong attached to a harpoon, used for seal hunting on ice)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:iperaq_cord:fa2ce41034bd", "items": [ { "text": "harpoon cord (a short cord or thong attached to a harpoon, used for seal hunting on ice)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:ipiraq", "Kleinschmidt1871:iperaq II", "Petersen1967:iperaq", "Katersat:lex_153644", "Kleinschmidt1871:iperaq#e2643", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iperaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The existing weak-q/p r-to-qq class is independently supported by Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e for the literal single-r -raq ending. The cited dictionary row establishes this selected lexical sense; the closed rule supplies the class, not a separately printed complete paradigm. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. Historical/MOFO analyses remain attributed, not independently approved here.", "DISAMBIGUATION: a true homograph, not a duplicate -- MOFO catalogues a wholly separate stem also citation-spelled 'iperaq' meaning 'sphagnum moss / lamp wick' (this repo's own iperaq_wick, this same file), with its own distinct MOFO id (əpəraq). Renamed with a sense-disambiguating suffix since both share the identical practical-orthography citation form.", "MOFO notes this word is absent from Oqaatsit and other newer dictionaries, 'which may indicate that the word is not used nowadays.'" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "harpoon cord", "da": "harpunsnor", "en_short": "harpoon cord", "da_short": "harpunsnor", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iperaq", "natural": "harpoon cord (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ipeqqap", "natural": "harpoon cord's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "ipeqqat", "natural": "harpoon cords (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ipiraq", "Kleinschmidt1871:iperaq II", "Petersen1967:iperaq", "Katersat:lex_153644", "Kleinschmidt1871:iperaq#e2643", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "iperaq_cord", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "eqalugaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "immature trout; arctic cod" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqalugaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO derives this historically from {iqaluk}N (this repo's own eqaluk entry, 'arctic char'/'trout') + N{-aq}N ('young of N'/'resembling N'), with the affix attaching directly to the stem-final /k/ and weakening it to /g/ rather than deleting it. MOFO treats the modern stem as atomic rather than a live combination; this entry follows that and is not modeled as a real eqaluk+N{-aq}N combination.", "The two Oqaatsit rows explicitly distinguish immature trout e2877 from polar/arctic cod e2878; modern English e2769 attests immature trout only. Preserve both already modeled lexical readings with separate pins, without treating the English row as evidence for cod or asserting biological identity between the readings. Historical MOFO derivation remains lexicalized, not live eqaluk plus a productive young-of affix." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "immature trout; arctic cod", "en_short": "immature trout", "da": "ung ørred; polartorsk", "da_short": "ung ørred", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eqalugaq", "natural": "immature trout / arctic cod (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "eqalukkap", "natural": "immature trout's / arctic cod's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "eqalukkat", "natural": "immature trout / arctic cod (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:iqalugaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqalugaq#e2769", "Oqaatsit1997:eqalugaq#e2877", "Katersat:lex_6394", "Oqaatsit1997:eqalugaq#e2878" ], "id": "eqalugaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "iseraq_ankle": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ankle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iseraq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The existing weak-q/p r-to-qq class is independently supported by Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e for the literal single-r -raq ending. The cited dictionary row establishes this selected lexical sense; the closed rule supplies the class, not a separately printed complete paradigm. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. Historical/MOFO analyses remain attributed, not independently approved here. SchultzLorentzen1927:iseraq#e5533 is the ankle row. Kleinschmidt1871:iseraq#e2856 and its plural iseqqat belong to the separate goblin owner and are excluded as ankle-form evidence.", "DISAMBIGUATION: a true homograph, not a duplicate -- MOFO catalogues a wholly separate stem also citation-spelled 'iseraq' meaning 'mythological goblin/troll' (this repo's own iseraq_goblin, this same file), with its own distinct MOFO id (icəraq) and etymology. Renamed with a sense-disambiguating suffix since both share the identical practical-orthography citation form.", "MOFO notes this word appears in the older dictionaries (Kleinschmidt, Schultz-Lorentzen) but not in Ordbogeeraq or Oqaatsit, and is absent from the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary; MOFO's own morphemic form is its own reconstruction from {itəɣ} ('boot tip', cf. this repo's not-yet-added {isə}N candidate), flagged by MOFO itself as an inference rather than directly attested." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ankle", "da": "ankel", "en_short": "ankle", "da_short": "ankel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ankel", "singular_definite": "anklen", "plural": "ankler", "plural_definite": "anklerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iseraq", "natural": "ankle (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "iseqqap", "natural": "ankle's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "iseqqat", "natural": "ankles (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:isəraq", "Kleinschmidt1871:iseraq#e2777", "SchultzLorentzen1926:iseraq#e5533", "SchultzLorentzen1927:iseraq#e5533", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81179" ], "id": "iseraq_ankle", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "kangeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "promontory; headland (also, in older sources, a bunch of grain/flowers/seed pod atop a plant, in metathesised forms only)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:kangeq:3ac8172fb644", "items": [ { "text": "promontory; headland (also, in older sources, a bunch of grain/flowers/seed pod atop a plant, in metathesised forms only)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:kaŋəq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kangeq", "Oqaatsit1997:kangeq#e5915", "Kleinschmidt1871:kangeq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kangeq#e8451", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kangeq#e8451", "Katersat:lex_9302" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kangeq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "MOFO records a second, alternative declension pattern for this stem (Schultz-Lorentzen 1951 only): an irregular metathesis where /ŋq/ becomes [χχ] spelt 'rr' (e.g. plural karrit instead of kangerit) -- and notes the secondary 'grain/flower' sense is ONLY attested with these metathesised forms (e.g. karra, 'the top of it'). Not modeled as a second application_logic block here; recorded in prose only, matching this file's own established practice (see anori's entry for a similar two-pattern case).", "Weak supporting evidence beyond MOFO, not enough to promote this to core: Nielsen2012's 6.1-neksus.md quotes the place name 'Kangerup saanguani ... Kangeq' -- the ergative form of the Nuuk-area settlement name Kangeq, which happens to match this stem's own predicted weakening ergative singular (kangerup) exactly, but the text never glosses Kangeq as 'headland' and is a proper-noun usage, not an attestation of the common noun's meaning.", "FST pin (issue #516 / #513, lex_9302): intended analysis is kangeq+N+Abs+Sg. Competing kangi+Err/Sub+N+Abs+Sg is Katersat's own error/substandard tag, not a live alternative root. Lexeme preserved; Nielsen2012's place-name Kangerup remains insufficient inflection evidence for the common noun, as already noted above.", "#513 admission review (2026-09-15): ergative kangerup independently confirmed -- Kleinschmidt1871:kangeq sense 1 gives \"(gen. kangerup; m.s. fork. karra)\" directly, plus the metathesised karra variant. Ergative plural kangerit has zero hits in any mirrored dictionary (this review) and rests on MOFO + Katersat alone -- so the weakening paradigm is partially corroborated (Abs + Erg) and the entry STAYS TAIL per the anori/arfak partial-corroboration precedent, not promoted to core." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "promontory; headland", "en_short": "promontory", "da": "forbjerg; næs", "da_short": "forbjerg", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kangeq", "natural": "promontory; headland (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kangerup", "natural": "promontory's; headland's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "kangerit", "natural": "promontories; headlands (ergative plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:kaŋəq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kangeq", "Oqaatsit1997:kangeq#e5915", "Kleinschmidt1871:kangeq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kangeq#e8451", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kangeq#e8451", "Katersat:lex_9302", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.69091", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.94189" ], "id": "kangeq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "kujak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "loin (of a human or animal)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kujak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own sources disagree on the declension class: Schultz-Lorentzen 1951 gives p-declension (kutsap, kutsat, modeled here, per MOFO's own judgment that this 'seems the most likely to be used'); Ordbogeeraq (Petersen 1967) instead gives up-declension (kujaup, kujait) while still geminating /j/. Both are MOFO-internal disagreements, not independently cross-checked here; the up-declined alternative is recorded here in prose only, not as a second application_logic block." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "loin (of a human or animal)", "da": "lænd", "da_short": "lænd", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "lænd", "singular_definite": "lænden", "plural": "lænder", "plural_definite": "lænderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kujak", "natural": "loin (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "kutsap", "natural": "loin's (ergative singular, p-declined pattern)" }, { "surface": "kutsat", "natural": "loins (ergative plural, p-declined pattern)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:kujak", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kujak", "Oqaatsit1997:kujak", "Kleinschmidt1871:kujak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kujak#e9547", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kujak#e9547", "Katersat:lex_11749", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75414" ], "id": "kujak", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "milliaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a thin cover placed between a surface and something else (e.g. a tablecloth, napkin, or cushion cover); an archaic sense 'umbilical cord' is no longer current (replaced by qalasiq)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:milliaq:d7d7c3bf4851", "items": [ { "text": "a thin cover placed between a surface and something else (e.g. a tablecloth, napkin, or cushion cover); an archaic sense 'umbilical cord' is no longer current (replaced by qalasiq)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:məklijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milliaq", "Oqaatsit1997:milliaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:milliaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:milliaq#e10388", "SchultzLorentzen1927:milliaq#e10388" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milliaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a thin cover placed between two surfaces", "en_short": "a thin cover placed between a surface and something else (e.g. a tablecloth, napkin, or cushion cover)", "da": "et tyndt underlag mellem en overflade og noget andet", "da_short": "et tyndt underlag mellem en overflade og noget andet", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ss" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "milliaq", "natural": "cover (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "millissap", "natural": "cover's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "millissat", "natural": "covers (ergative plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:məklijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milliaq", "Oqaatsit1997:milliaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:milliaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:milliaq#e10388", "SchultzLorentzen1927:milliaq#e10388" ], "id": "milliaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "mikiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fermented food (especially fermented meat or fish)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mikiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {məkəjaq}N, with the /j/ never surfacing in the citation form or before a vowel-initial ending (MOFO's own 'Stem before vowel' form is 'mikia', with no /j/ at all) -- it resurfaces only as gemination [cc] (spelt 'ss') before a consonant-initial ending, e.g. mikiaq -> mikissap. This matches this repo's own inflection_sandhi:injection criterion (naaq, kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml): an unwritten consonant reappearing under inflection, not an already-visible consonant doubling -- so morphology_class.gemination is deliberately not set here either, for the same reason given on naaq's entry.", "MOFO records a related verbal stem {məkəjaq}V (not modeled in this repo) and notes Kleinschmidt's 'provincial' variant mikigaq/mikikkat (standard /g/->[kk] gemination), which the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary treats as closer to the historical form but only attested in older sources -- not modeled here; only the standard modern j-pattern is." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fermented food (especially fermented meat or fish)", "da": "gæret mad (især gæret kød eller fisk)", "da_short": "gæret mad", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "mikiaq", "natural": "fermented food (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "mikissap", "natural": "fermented food's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "mikissat", "natural": "fermented foods (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:məkəjaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mikiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:mikiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:mikiaq#e5134" ], "id": "mikiaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "naalungiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "infant (used approximately until a child can walk; contrast miiraq, used afterward)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:naalungiaq:21ff75615534", "items": [ { "text": "infant (used approximately until a child can walk; contrast miiraq, used afterward)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:naaluŋijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naalungiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:naalungiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:naalungiaq#e5576", "SchultzLorentzen1926:naalungiaq#e11251", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naalungiaq#e11251", "Katersat:lex_14060" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naalungiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {naaluŋijaq}N. Per Schultz-Lorentzen 1951, this stem normally declines with gemination of an UNWRITTEN /j/ to [cc] (spelt 'ss') -- MOFO's own 'Stem before vowel' form 'naalungia' shows no /j/ at all, matching this repo's own inflection_sandhi:injection criterion (naaq, kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml); morphology_class.gemination is deliberately not set for the same reason given there.", "MOFO also records Schultz-Lorentzen's own hedge that the stem may alternatively decline WITHOUT gemination, as an ordinary weak q-stem -- only the majority geminating pattern is modeled here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "infant", "da": "spædbarn", "da_short": "spædbarn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "spædbarn", "singular_definite": "spædbarnet", "plural": "spædbørn", "plural_definite": "spædbørnene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naalungiaq", "natural": "infant (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "naalungissap", "natural": "infant's (ergative singular; the geminating/majority pattern -- an alternative non-geminating 'naalungiap' is also recorded by Schultz-Lorentzen, see notes)" }, { "surface": "naalungissat", "natural": "infants (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:naaluŋijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naalungiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:naalungiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:naalungiaq#e5576", "SchultzLorentzen1926:naalungiaq#e11251", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naalungiaq#e11251", "Katersat:lex_14060", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.66306" ], "id": "naalungiaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "nasseraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "archery target (traditionally set up in pairs so archers could shoot back and forth between them)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nasseraq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The existing weak-q/p r-to-qq class is independently supported by Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e for the literal single-r -raq ending. The cited dictionary row establishes this selected lexical sense; the closed rule supplies the class, not a separately printed complete paradigm. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. Historical/MOFO analyses remain attributed, not independently approved here.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {naksiraq}N. The stem is only recorded in the older dictionaries (Kleinschmidt 1871, Ordbogeeraq 1967, Schultz-Lorentzen 1951/1958), not in Oqaatsit 1997 or any newer dictionary -- MOFO itself flags this as possibly obsolete today, though it does not carry MOFO's own formal non-productive tag." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "archery target", "da": "skydeskive (til bueskydning)", "da_short": "skydeskive", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skydeskive", "singular_definite": "skydeskiven", "plural": "skydeskiver", "plural_definite": "skydeskiverne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nasseraq", "natural": "archery target (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "nasseqqap", "natural": "archery target's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "nasseqqat", "natural": "archery targets (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:naksiraq", "Kleinschmidt1871:nasseraq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nasseraq#e10799", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nasseraq#e10799", "Kleinschmidt1871:nasseraq#e5318", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.91963" ], "id": "nasseraq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "niarnaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "son (archaic; iqnaq is used in this sense today)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niarnaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {niaqnaq}N. MOFO itself cannot determine this stem's declension pattern: Petersen (Ordbogeeraq 1967) suggests it declines as an ordinary weak q-stem (niarnaq, niarnat, niarnaa), but Paul Egede's 1750 dictionary separately records 'niárnga', which LOOKS like a metathesised absolutive-possessive form -- though Egede's orthography is too inconsistent to be sure. MOFO explicitly declines to record a declension pattern; this entry follows that same caution and asserts inflection_sandhi:irregular rather than guessing.", "MOFO's own Tags/List/stem/nonproductive tag is set on this page: 'an old, non-productive stem found in a few dictionaries', not found in the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, so of unknown origin." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "son (archaic; iqnaq is used in this sense today)", "da": "søn (gammeldags)", "da_short": "søn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "søn", "singular_definite": "sønnen", "plural": "sønner", "plural_definite": "sønnerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "niarnaq", "natural": "son (absolutive singular; archaic, per Paul Egede 1750 -- see notes for the uncertain declension)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:niaqnaq", "Petersen1967:niarnaq", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.43535" ], "id": "niarnaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "niisoraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "neck cavity (the cavity of the neck above the breastbone, e.g. the jugular notch)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:niisoraq:f11a7068986e", "items": [ { "text": "neck cavity (the cavity of the neck above the breastbone, e.g. the jugular notch)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:niisuraq", "Kleinschmidt1871:niisoraq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:niisoraq#e12281", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niisoraq#e12281", "Katersat:lex_18164", "Kleinschmidt1871:niisoraq#e6105", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niisoraq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The existing weak-q/p r-to-qq class is independently supported by Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e for the literal single-r -raq ending. The cited dictionary row establishes this selected lexical sense; the closed rule supplies the class, not a separately printed complete paradigm. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. Historical/MOFO analyses remain attributed, not independently approved here.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {niisuraq}N. Per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, the historical reconstructed form is a VERB stem {nəɣituqaʀ-} ('to have hiccough'); /ə/ historically became [i] before /ɣ/, which later dropped, leaving [ii] -- MOFO records the modern initial segment as /nii/ (not the historical /ə/) to avoid an incorrect sound-rule outcome if the historical vowel were used directly.", "Only recorded in the older dictionaries (Kleinschmidt, Ordbogeeraq, Schultz-Lorentzen 1958), not in Oqaatsit 1997 or any newer dictionary, suggesting it may not be in current use." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "neck cavity", "da": "halsgrube", "da_short": "halsgrube", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "niisoraq", "natural": "neck cavity (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "niisoqqap", "natural": "neck cavity's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "niisoqqat", "natural": "neck cavities (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:niisuraq", "Kleinschmidt1871:niisoraq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:niisoraq#e12281", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niisoraq#e12281", "Katersat:lex_18164", "Kleinschmidt1871:niisoraq#e6105", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "niisoraq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "niuertoruseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "(secondary) storekeeper; village manager (manager of a small village with a small store)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niuertoruseq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {niuvəqðurusiq}N, derived from {niuvəqðuq}N ('merchant', this repo's niuertoq) + N{-rusiq}N. MOFO states inflection sandhi is inherited from N{-rusiq}N (not independently modeled in this repo); no declension table is given on this stem's own MOFO page, only the two citation forms below.", "Later rule review: the exact dictionary rows establish niuertoruseq as a noun with a literal single-s -seq ending. Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e explicitly cover this closed geminating class, supplying the s to ts target omitted from the earlier inherited-sandhi annotation. This uses the cited class rule; it does not claim a separately named whole-lexeme paradigm in those grammar sections." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "storekeeper; village manager", "en_short": "(secondary) storekeeper", "da": "assisterende butiksbestyrer; bygdebestyrer", "da_short": "assisterende butiksbestyrer", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "niuertoruseq", "natural": "storekeeper / village manager (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "niuertorutsit", "natural": "storekeepers / village managers (absolutive plural, per MOFO's own citation form; the -seq consonant pattern is now supported by the cited grammar class rule, without a separately named whole-word paradigm)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:niuvəqðurusiq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niuertoruseq", "Oqaatsit1997:niuertoruseq", "Kleinschmidt1871:niuertoruseq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:niuertoruseq#e12327", "SchultzLorentzen1927:niuertoruseq#e12327", "Katersat:lex_18922", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "niuertoruseq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "nuloq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "arse; behind; buttock; rump (of a human or animal)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuloq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "arse; behind; buttock; rump (of a human or animal)", "en_short": "arse", "da": "bagdel; numse", "da_short": "bagdel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuloq", "natural": "buttock/rump (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "nullup", "natural": "buttock's/rump's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "nullut", "natural": "buttocks/rumps (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nuluq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuloq", "Oqaatsit1997:nuloq", "Kleinschmidt1871:nuloq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nuloq#e12666", "Katersat:lex_6691", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61788", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97211" ], "id": "nuloq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "nigaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "snare (for catching animals); (per Kleinschmidt, possibly archaic) spider web", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:nigaq:30395f7018aa", "items": [ { "text": "snare (for catching animals); (per Kleinschmidt, possibly archaic) spider web", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:nəgaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nigaq", "Oqaatsit1997:nigaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:nigaq#e5949", "Rasmussen1893:nigaq#e1453", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nigaq#e12018", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nigaq#e12018", "Katersat:lex_16727" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nigaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Exact-row review resolves independent evidence: Kleinschmidt1871:nigaq#e5949 explicitly gives plural niggat for the snare entry. This supports the exceptional written g to gg alternation; ornigaq is an unrelated substring hit. It does not independently establish the phonetic [xx] claim below or every cell of a modern paradigm. Retain the lexical exception rather than replacing gg with the usual kk target.", "MOFO notes this stem's geminated /gg/ devoices to [xx] rather than the usual [kk], 'a rare form of gemination... not clear why this happens'." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "snare; spider web", "en_short": "snare (for catching animals)", "da": "snare (til at fange dyr); (muligvis) spindelvæv", "da_short": "snare", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "gg" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nigaq", "natural": "snare (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "niggap", "natural": "snare's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "niggat", "natural": "snares (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:nəgaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nigaq", "Oqaatsit1997:nigaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:nigaq#e5949", "Rasmussen1893:nigaq#e1453", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nigaq#e12018", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nigaq#e12018", "Katersat:lex_16727" ], "id": "nigaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "panneq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "caribou bull; reinbuck; (in newer dictionaries also) musk ox" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "panneq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Searched source hits for 'panneq' all turn out to be the unrelated verb form qalipanneqar- ('to be painted', from qalippaa + passive -neqar-) -- a coincidental substring collision, not attestation of this stem; no real independent source found." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "caribou bull; reinbuck; (in newer dictionaries also) musk ox", "en_short": "caribou bull", "da": "rensdyrtyr; (også) moskusokse", "da_short": "rensdyrtyr", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "panneq", "natural": "caribou bull (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "pannerup", "natural": "caribou bull's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "pannerit", "natural": "caribou bulls (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:pagnəq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:panneq", "Oqaatsit1997:panneq", "Kleinschmidt1871:panneq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:panneq#e13276", "SchultzLorentzen1927:panneq#e13276", "Katersat:lex_21973" ], "id": "panneq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "paperoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "fish tail" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paperoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "fish tail", "da": "fiskehale", "da_short": "fiskehale", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "fiskehale", "singular_definite": "fiskehalen", "plural": "fiskehaler", "plural_definite": "fiskehalerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "paperoq", "natural": "fish tail (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "papeqqup", "natural": "fish tail's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "papeqqut", "natural": "fish tails (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:papəruq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paperoq", "Oqaatsit1997:paperoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:paperoq#e13333", "SchultzLorentzen1927:paperoq#e13333", "Katersat:lex_21997", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.127725" ], "id": "paperoq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "piaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "youngling; young of an animal (e.g. puppy, lamb, foal)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:piaraq:475006411ccb", "items": [ { "text": "youngling; young of an animal (e.g. puppy, lamb, foal)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:piaraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piaraq", "Kleinschmidt1871:piaraq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:piaraq (pi)#e13737", "SchultzLorentzen1927:piaraq (pi)#e13737", "Oqaatsit1997:piaraq#e10968", "Katersat:lex_22616", "Bugge1960:føl#e9778", "Oqaatsit1997:hiisti piaraq#e3459", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:hiisti piaraq#e3311" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "piaraq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO records this stem as a combination, {pi}N ('thing', see this batch's own pi entry) + N{-araq}N ('young of'), with inflection sandhi inherited from the affix -- modeled here as its own citable stem entry, same precedent as this file's own atuarfik/nerisassaq.", "The one apparent Nielsen2012 hit for 'piaraq' (nukappiaraq, 'little orphan boy') is a coincidental substring: that word is nukappiaq ('boy') + the SAME -araq diminutive suffix on a different host, not attestation of this bound {pi}+araq analysis; no independent grammar-source corroboration of that analysis was found. Exact dictionary phrase evidence is recorded separately below.", "The complete phrase hiisti piaraq is independently attested as foal by Bugge1960 and both modern dictionaries. These exact phrase rows corroborate the example, not the pi + -araq internal analysis or its inflection rules; no separate atomic foal stem is admitted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "youngling; young of an animal (e.g. puppy, lamb, foal)", "en_short": "youngling", "da": "unge (af et dyr)", "da_short": "unge", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "unge", "singular_definite": "ungen", "plural": "unger", "plural_definite": "ungerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "piaraq", "natural": "young of an animal (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "piaqqat", "natural": "youngs of an animal (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "hiisti piaraq", "natural": "foal (MOFO's own cited example, from hiisti 'horse')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:piaraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:piaraq", "Kleinschmidt1871:piaraq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:piaraq (pi)#e13737", "SchultzLorentzen1927:piaraq (pi)#e13737", "Oqaatsit1997:piaraq#e10968", "Katersat:lex_22616", "Bugge1960:føl#e9778", "Oqaatsit1997:hiisti piaraq#e3459", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:hiisti piaraq#e3311", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40092" ], "id": "piaraq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qajoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "soup; meat broth" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qajoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "soup; meat broth", "en_short": "soup", "da": "suppe; kødsuppe", "da_short": "suppe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qajoq", "natural": "soup; broth (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qatsup", "natural": "soup's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "qatsut", "natural": "soups (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qajuq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qajoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qajoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qajoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qajoq#e6238", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qajoq#e6238", "Katersat:lex_25031", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97579", "COREXT:1.0/COR.EXT.144470" ], "id": "qajoq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qalaseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "navel; umbilical cord" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qalaseq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "navel; umbilical cord", "en_short": "navel", "da": "navle; navlestreng", "da_short": "navle", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qalaseq", "natural": "navel; umbilical cord (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qalatsip", "natural": "navel's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "qalatsit", "natural": "navels (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qalasiq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qalaseq", "Oqaatsit1997:qalaseq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qalaseq", "Katersat:lex_25097", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61672", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.85349" ], "id": "qalaseq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qalugiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "whale lance (a lance used for whaling)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qalugiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {qalugijaq}N: the geminating consonant is /j/, orthographically silent between /i/ and /a/ in the citation form (a general Kalaallisut spelling rule, not a reconstructed/uncertain historical consonant like naaq's) but resurfacing and geminating to [cc] (spelt 'ss') before consonant-initial endings: qalugiaq -> qalugissap/qalugissat.", "morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately not set, matching this file's own naaq precedent: there is no visible 'j' in the citation form 'qalugiaq' to name as the 'from' consonant." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "whale lance (a lance used for whaling)", "da": "hvallanse", "da_short": "hvallanse", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qalugiaq", "natural": "whale lance (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qalugissap", "natural": "whale lance's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "qalugissat", "natural": "whale lances (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qalugijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qalugiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qalugiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qalugiaq", "Katersat:lex_20502" ], "id": "qalugiaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qaquiseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bone knob at the end of a bird dart" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaquiseq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis (/qaquisəq/, gemination s⇒[tc] spelt 'ts') is explicitly flagged by MOFO itself as a hypothesis, not settled fact: Kleinschmidt records only 'qaquit' (singular), and MOFO reconstructs the /q/ in 'qaquiseq' as a possibly-superfluous later extension. The vowel-initial possessive form qaquisaa (not *qaquitaa) is MOFO's own cited evidence for the stem-final /ə/ analysis." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bone knob at the end of a bird dart", "da": "benknop for enden af et fuglespyd", "da_short": "benknop for enden af et fuglespyd", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qaquiseq", "natural": "bone knob on a bird dart (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qaquitsip", "natural": "bone knob's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "qaquitsit", "natural": "bone knobs (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qaquisəq", "Oqaatsit1997:qaquiseq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qaquit" ], "id": "qaquiseq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qasaloq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "tree bark, especially bark from (fir) driftwood; used for dyeing skins", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qasaloq:c5c8d36035cb", "items": [ { "text": "tree bark, especially bark from (fir) driftwood; used for dyeing skins", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qasaluq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qasaloq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qasaloq#e6803", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qasaloq#e6803" ], "rationale": "Kleinschmidt1871 e3348 explicitly says the bark, especially fir driftwood bark, was formerly used to dye skins red; SchultzLorentzen1926 e6803 gives ‘bark (of fir, used to dye skins)’. The clauses describe one material and its use." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qasaloq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "tree bark, especially from driftwood; used for dyeing skins", "en_short": "tree bark, especially bark from (fir) driftwood", "da": "træbark", "da_short": "træbark", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qasaloq", "natural": "tree bark (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qasallup", "natural": "the bark's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "qasallut", "natural": "(pieces of) tree bark (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qasaluq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qasaloq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qasaloq#e6803", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qasaloq#e6803" ], "id": "qasaloq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qasigiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "speckled seal; harbour seal (Phoca vitulina)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qasigiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {qasigijaq}N, structurally identical to this batch's qalugiaq: the geminating consonant is an orthographically-silent /j/ between /i/ and /a/, not visible in the citation form 'qasigiaq' (resurfaces as [cc], spelt 'ss', before consonant-initial endings: qasigissap/qasigissat).", "morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately not set, matching this file's own naaq precedent, for the same reason as qalugiaq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "speckled seal; harbour seal (Phoca vitulina)", "en_short": "speckled seal", "da": "spættet sæl", "da_short": "spættet sæl", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qasigiaq", "natural": "speckled/harbour seal (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qasigissap", "natural": "the seal's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "qasigissat", "natural": "speckled/harbour seals (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qasigijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qasigiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qasigiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qasigiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qasigiaq#e6815", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qasigiaq#e6815", "Katersat:lex_25818" ], "id": "qasigiaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qatigak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "back (of a human or animal, including clothing/anatomy generally)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qatigak:8febd93aa39b", "items": [ { "text": "back (of a human or animal, including clothing/anatomy generally)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qatəgak", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qatigak", "Oqaatsit1997:qatigak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qatigak#e6898", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qatigak#e6898", "Katersat:lex_125397" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qatigak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {qatəgak}N; the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary derives it from {qatəɣ}, 'chest', though the final /ak/ is unexplained.", "MOFO records a disputed alternate gemination pattern (g⇒[kk], per Schultz-Lorentzen 1951) alongside the majority g⇒[xx] ('gg') pattern given by Kleinschmidt, Petersen, and Schultz-Lorentzen's own later dictionary; MOFO treats the 1951 form as a likely error and does not record it, and this entry follows that choice.", "Note the special ABS.4sg/sg possessive form qatiggi, 'his (own) back' (N{-i}), recorded by MOFO alongside the regular paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "back", "da": "ryg", "da_short": "ryg", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ryg", "singular_definite": "ryggen", "plural": "rygge", "plural_definite": "ryggene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "gg" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qatigak", "natural": "back (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qatiggap", "natural": "back's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "qatiggat", "natural": "backs (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "qatiggi", "natural": "his (own) back (irregular ABS.4sg/sg possessive, N{-i})" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qatəgak", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qatigak", "Oqaatsit1997:qatigak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qatigak#e6898", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qatigak#e6898", "Katersat:lex_125397", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40409" ], "id": "qatigak", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qiporaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "furrow on the belly of a baleen whale, especially the humpback whale (qipoqqaq)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qiporaq:16aa21e3ec8d", "items": [ { "text": "furrow on the belly of a baleen whale, especially the humpback whale (qipoqqaq)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qipuraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiporaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qiporaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qiporaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qiporaq (qiperoq)#e7566", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qiporaq (qiperoq)#e7566" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qiporaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary (as reported by MOFO), this stem and the related humpback-whale term qipoqqaq both derive from a verbal base {qipuk-}, 'to scratch'. See also the closely related stem {qipəruq}N ('groove; furrow', this batch's qiperoq), which MOFO treats as cognate but more general in meaning." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "furrow on the belly of a baleen whale", "da": "fure på maven af en bardehval", "da_short": "fure på maven af en bardehval", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qiporaq", "natural": "furrow on a baleen whale's belly (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qipoqqap", "natural": "the furrow's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "qipoqqat", "natural": "furrows (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qipuraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiporaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qiporaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qiporaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qiporaq (qiperoq)#e7566", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qiporaq (qiperoq)#e7566" ], "id": "qiporaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qiperoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "groove; furrow (carved into wood, bone, metal, etc.)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_alternatives", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qiperoq:b332b9ab3bfc", "items": [ { "text": "groove", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of a cut channel", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qipəruq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiperoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qiperoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qiperoq", "Katersat:lex_26946" ], "rationale": "The cited dictionary explicitly pairs “groove” and “furrow” as translations.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "furrow", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of a cut channel", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qipəruq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiperoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qiperoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qiperoq", "Katersat:lex_26946" ], "rationale": "The cited dictionary explicitly pairs “furrow” and “groove” as translations.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "carved into wood, bone, metal, etc.", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "specifies the material context", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qipəruq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiperoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qiperoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qiperoq", "Katersat:lex_26946" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical records the relevant carved-channel context and examples; it does not add a choice." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qiperoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis (/qipəruq/) is hedged: the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary derives the stem from {qipuk-}, 'to scratch', possibly influenced by {qipə-}, 'to twist', but MOFO itself calls the resulting /ə/-vs-/i/ analysis 'guesswork'. See also the closely related {qipuraq}N ('furrow on a baleen whale's belly', this batch's qiporaq)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "groove; furrow (carved into wood, bone, metal, etc.)", "en_short": "groove", "da": "rille; fure", "da_short": "rille", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qiperoq", "natural": "groove/furrow (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qipeqqup", "natural": "the groove's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "qipeqqut", "natural": "grooves (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qipəruq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiperoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qiperoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qiperoq", "Katersat:lex_26946", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.53554", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64133" ], "id": "qiperoq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qinnguaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "light ray; sun ray; moon beam -- especially sunlight or moonlight filtering through clouds, visible in the air", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qinnguaq:9433dfcf06d4", "items": [ { "text": "light ray", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "general gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qitŋu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qinnguaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qinnguaq", "Katersat:lex_26829" ], "rationale": "The sources establish the light-ray phenomenon as the shared category." }, { "text": "sun ray", "relation": "distinct_sense", "scope": "sunlight instance of the general category", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qitŋu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qinnguaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qinnguaq", "Katersat:lex_26829" ], "rationale": "The cited rows explicitly distinguish sunbeam/sun ray as one of the two referents.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "moon beam", "relation": "distinct_sense", "scope": "moonlight instance of the general category", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qitŋu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qinnguaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qinnguaq", "Katersat:lex_26829" ], "rationale": "The cited rows explicitly distinguish moonbeam/moon ray as the other referent.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "especially sunlight or moonlight filtering through clouds, visible in the air", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "describes the phenomenon and typical appearance", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qitŋu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qinnguaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qinnguaq", "Katersat:lex_26829" ], "rationale": "The dash clause explains the shared optical phenomenon and circumstances." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qinnguaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {qitŋu(j)aq}N: like this file's own naaq, there is a dropped historical consonant (written parenthetically as (j) in MOFO's morphemic form) that is absent from the citation form 'qinnguaq' but resurfaces and geminates to [cc] (spelt 'ss') under inflection -- matching this repo's inflection_sandhi:injection value directly (MOFO co-tags this entry 'Geminating, Injection', unlike this batch's plain-'Geminating' qalugiaq/qasigiaq/qungiaq, whose morphemic ids MOFO writes without parentheses).", "morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately not set, matching naaq's own precedent: no visible consonant in 'qinnguaq' to name as 'from'.", "A doublet form qinnuaq (without the geminating consonant) also exists, per MOFO from progressive assimilation of /t/ onto /ŋ/; not modeled as a separate entry here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "light ray; sun ray; moon beam", "en_short": "light ray", "da": "lysstråle; solstråle; måneskin", "da_short": "lysstråle", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qinnguaq", "natural": "light ray / sun ray / moon beam (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qinngussap", "natural": "the light ray's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "seqerngup qinnguai", "natural": "rays of the sun (MOFO's own cited example; absolutive plural possessed by seqernaq 'sun')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qitŋu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qinnguaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qinnguaq", "Katersat:lex_26829" ], "id": "qinnguaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qeeraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "catfish; wolf fish (Anarhichas lupus)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qeeraq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "This stem is not recorded in the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary; MOFO speculates (its own hedge, not a sourced fact) that it may be related to {qiəq}N, 'strand of white/grey hair', but this is not modeled as a derivation here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "catfish; wolf fish (Anarhichas lupus)", "en_short": "catfish", "da": "havkat", "da_short": "havkat", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "havkat", "singular_definite": "havkatten", "plural": "havkatte", "plural_definite": "havkattene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qeeraq", "natural": "catfish / wolf fish (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qeeqqap", "natural": "the catfish's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "qeeqqat", "natural": "catfish / wolf fish (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qiəraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qeeraq", "Oqaatsit1997:qeeraq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qeeraq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qeeraq#e7054", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qeeraq#e7054", "Katersat:lex_214879", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.98126" ], "id": "qeeraq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "quaraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "seed pod; catkin (e.g. of the kuanneq/Angelica plant)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "quaraq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "seed pod; catkin (e.g. of the kuanneq/Angelica plant)", "en_short": "seed pod", "da": "frøkapsel; rakle", "da_short": "frøkapsel", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "quaraq", "natural": "seed pod / catkin (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "quaqqap", "natural": "the seed pod's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "quaqqat", "natural": "seed pods / catkins (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:quaraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:quaraq", "Oqaatsit1997:quaraq", "Kleinschmidt1871:quaraq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:quaraq#e7863", "SchultzLorentzen1927:quaraq#e7863", "Katersat:lex_27398", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81226", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87930" ], "id": "quaraq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qungaseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "neck; throat (also 'shirt collar', per Schultz-Lorentzen)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qungaseq:2c0f200c6736", "items": [ { "text": "neck", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the body-part term", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:quŋasiq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qungaseq", "Oqaatsit1997:qungaseq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qungaseq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qungaseq#e8077", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qungaseq#e8077", "Katersat:lex_27781" ], "rationale": "The cited entry explicitly gives “neck” and “throat” for the core body-part sense.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "throat", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the body-part term", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:quŋasiq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qungaseq", "Oqaatsit1997:qungaseq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qungaseq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qungaseq#e8077", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qungaseq#e8077", "Katersat:lex_27781" ], "rationale": "The cited entry explicitly gives “throat” and “neck” for the core body-part sense.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "also 'shirt collar', per Schultz-Lorentzen", "relation": "distinct_sense", "scope": "source-attributed contextual extension", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:quŋasiq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qungaseq", "Oqaatsit1997:qungaseq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qungaseq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qungaseq#e8077", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qungaseq#e8077", "Katersat:lex_27781" ], "rationale": "The reviewer identifies shirt collar as a separately attested extension, not an interchangeable body-part translation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qungaseq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's reconstructed historical form is {quŋəʀ}; Kleinschmidt speculates there is a second, unexplained morpheme /asiq/ added at the end, but this is not modeled as a derivation here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "neck; throat (also 'shirt collar', per Schultz-Lorentzen)", "en_short": "neck", "da": "nakke; hals", "da_short": "nakke", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qungaseq", "natural": "neck / throat (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qungatsip", "natural": "the neck's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "qungatsit", "natural": "necks / throats (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:quŋasiq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qungaseq", "Oqaatsit1997:qungaseq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qungaseq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qungaseq#e8077", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qungaseq#e8077", "Katersat:lex_27781", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.44197", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61407" ], "id": "qungaseq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qungiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crack; fracture (in wood, bone, walrus tooth, etc.)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qungiaq:fe53bd33e590", "items": [ { "text": "crack; fracture (in wood, bone, walrus tooth, etc.)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:quŋijaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qungiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qungiaq (qupivaa)#e8088", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qungiaq (qupivaa)#e8088" ], "rationale": "No source edit is proposed; preserve the complete raw meaning. Further annotation would require a reviewed relation that the available source rows establish." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qungiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO tags this stem's own 'Stem categorisation' facet as 'Non-productive morpheme': Kleinschmidt marks it 'provincial', and newer dictionaries (Oqaatsit) do not record it at all -- MOFO itself concludes it is presumably not used productively today. This is a second, independent reason (alongside the absence of any hit in this repo's own AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 search) for tailing this entry.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {quŋijaq}N, structurally identical to this batch's qalugiaq/qasigiaq: the geminating consonant is an orthographically-silent /j/ between /i/ and /a/, not visible in the citation form 'qungiaq'.", "morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately not set, matching this file's own naaq precedent, for the same reason as qalugiaq/qasigiaq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crack; fracture (in wood, bone, walrus tooth, etc.)", "en_short": "crack", "da": "revne; brud", "da_short": "revne", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qungiaq", "natural": "crack / fracture (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qungissap", "natural": "the crack's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "qungissat", "natural": "cracks / fractures (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:quŋijaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qungiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qungiaq (qupivaa)#e8088", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qungiaq (qupivaa)#e8088" ], "id": "qungiaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qilluaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crotch (the point where the torso forks to form the legs)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qilluaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO tags this stem's own 'Stem categorisation' facet as 'Non-productive morpheme' -- a second, independent reason (alongside the absence of any hit in this repo's own AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 search) for tailing this entry.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {qəllu(j)aq}N: like naaq and this batch's qinnguaq, there is a dropped historical consonant, written parenthetically as (j), absent from the citation form 'qilluaq' but resurfacing and geminating to [cc] (spelt 'ss') under inflection -- matching inflection_sandhi:injection (MOFO co-tags 'Geminating, Injection').", "Per Kleinschmidt, the base meaning is 'a clear cut down into something', with 'crotch' originally a provincial extension; the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary now records 'crotch' as the primary meaning, which this entry follows.", "morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately not set, matching naaq's own precedent: no visible consonant in 'qilluaq' to name as 'from'." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crotch (the point where the torso forks to form the legs)", "da": "skridt (hvor kroppen deler sig i ben)", "da_short": "skridt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "skridt", "singular_definite": "skridtet", "plural": "skridt", "plural_definite": "skridtene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qilluaq", "natural": "crotch (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qillussap", "natural": "the crotch's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "qillussat", "natural": "crotches (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qəllu(j)aq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qilluaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qilluaq#e7680", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qilluaq#e7680", "Katersat:lex_26496", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.47501" ], "id": "qilluaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qeqquaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "seaweed (often used in the plural, qeqqussat, for the masses of seaweed found on a beach)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qeqquaq:b1397874ca09", "items": [ { "text": "seaweed (often used in the plural, qeqqussat, for the masses of seaweed found on a beach)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qəlqu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qeqquaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qeqquaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qeqquaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qeqquaq#e7076", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qeqquaq#e7076", "Katersat:lex_26114" ], "rationale": "The only comma in the raw meaning is inside the parenthetical usage explanation (‘often used in the plural, qeqqussat, for the masses…’); it does not separate alternatives. Kleinschmidt1871 e3495 explains the plural form and collective beach use, while the 2018 English row e12096 gives ‘seaweed; algae’. Preserve this as one lexical definition with a usage note." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qeqquaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {qəlqu(j)aq}N. Per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10], the reconstructed historical form is {qəlquðaʀ}, with /ð/ having dropped from the citation form at some point -- but it resurfaces during inflection, geminating to [cc] (spelt 'ss': qeqqussa/qeqqussat), which MOFO records by writing it parenthetically as (j) in the morphemic form. Matches this repo's own established application_logic.inflection_sandhi:injection precedent (naaq, this same file).", "morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately NOT set on this entry, matching naaq's own established precedent: there is no visible 'from' consonant in the absolutive citation form 'qeqquaq' to name." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "seaweed", "da": "tang", "da_short": "tang", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qeqquaq", "natural": "seaweed (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qeqqussat", "natural": "seaweed (absolutive plural -- the /j/ injects and geminates to [ss]; also the more commonly used form per Kleinschmidt)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qəlqu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qeqquaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qeqquaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qeqquaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qeqquaq#e7076", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qeqquaq#e7076", "Katersat:lex_26114", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.87001", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.93961" ], "id": "qeqquaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qimeriaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "eyelash (singular: a single strand; plural, qimerissat: the eyelash as a whole, above one or both eyes)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qimeriaq:4fdc2af41e70", "items": [ { "text": "eyelash (singular: a single strand; plural, qimerissat: the eyelash as a whole, above one or both eyes)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qəmərijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qimeriaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qimeriaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qimeriaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qimeriaq#e7337", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qimeriaq#e7337", "Katersat:lex_26629" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qimeriaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {qəmərijaq}N, with a /j/ that is not written in the absolutive citation form 'qimeriaq' but resurfaces geminated ([cc], spelt 'ss': qimerissa/qimerissat) under inflection -- the same unwritten-consonant-then-gemination pattern as this file's own qeqquaq/sakiak/siffiaq entries (all sharing MOFO's identical 'Gemination type: j⇒cc' declension facet).", "Unlike qeqquaq and saattuaq, MOFO's own top-of-page summary for this entry tags only 'Geminating' (not 'Geminating, Injection') -- an apparent inconsistency in MOFO's own tagging for what is, per the declension table itself, the identical phonological shape; treated here as injection for internal consistency across this stem family, flagged rather than silently resolved. No morphology_class.gemination struct is set, matching naaq's precedent (no visible 'from' consonant to name)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "eyelash", "da": "øjenvippe", "da_short": "øjenvippe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "øjenvippe", "singular_definite": "øjenvippen", "plural": "øjenvipper", "plural_definite": "øjenvipperne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qimeriaq", "natural": "eyelash (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qimeriai", "natural": "his eyelashes (absolutive, 3sg/pl possessed) [SK71]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qəmərijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qimeriaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qimeriaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qimeriaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qimeriaq#e7337", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qimeriaq#e7337", "Katersat:lex_26629", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.75636" ], "id": "qimeriaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qiseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "saliva; spit" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qiseq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {qəsiq}N; the stem-final /s/ geminates to [tc] (spelt 'ts': qitsi/qitsit) before a vowel-initial ending, per Schultz-Lorentzen -- though MOFO notes it may alternatively decline without gemination.", "Per Kleinschmidt, the nominal form was historically uncommon (the nominalisation qiserneq, via V{neq}N on the related verb qiserpoq 'he spits', was preferred); the newer Oqaatsit dictionary lists qiseq directly, suggesting it is now in regular use." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "saliva; spit", "en_short": "saliva", "da": "spyt", "da_short": "spyt", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "spyt", "singular_definite": "spyttet" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qiseq", "natural": "saliva; spit (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qitsip", "natural": "saliva's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "qitsit", "natural": "(instances of) spit (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qəsiq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiseq", "Oqaatsit1997:qiseq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qiseq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qiseq#e7580", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qiseq#e7580", "Katersat:lex_19213", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.64951" ], "id": "qiseq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "qitornaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "child (of Possessor); offspring -- used regardless of the age of the child, unlike the age-restricted {miiraq}N", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qitornaq:b6e257e8c32e", "items": [ { "text": "child (of Possessor)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qətuqnaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qitornaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qitornaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qitornaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qitornaq#e7687", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qitornaq#e7687", "Katersat:lex_14035" ], "rationale": "Both cited dictionaries give “child”; the possessor is part of the gloss frame." }, { "text": "offspring", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "restatement of the possessor-relative child meaning", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qətuqnaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qitornaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qitornaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qitornaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qitornaq#e7687", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qitornaq#e7687", "Katersat:lex_14035" ], "rationale": "The review treats “offspring” as a restatement rather than a separate selectable option." }, { "text": "used regardless of the age of the child, unlike the age-restricted {miiraq}N", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "age-related usage contrast", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qətuqnaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qitornaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qitornaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qitornaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qitornaq#e7687", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qitornaq#e7687", "Katersat:lex_14035" ], "rationale": "The clause records the cited contrast with miiraq and qualifies usage." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qitornaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {qətuqnaq}N; a regular, non-geminating weak q-stem (no consonant to double).", "Per Kleinschmidt, this stem was historically restricted to possessed use only ('child of Possessor'); dictionaries after Kleinschmidt (Schultz-Lorentzen 1958, Oqaatsit) do not record that restriction, suggesting the distinction from {miiraq}N (age-restricted 'child') may be blurring in modern usage. {miiraq}N itself is not modeled in this repo yet." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "child (of the owner); offspring", "en_short": "child (of Possessor)", "da": "barn; afkom", "da_short": "barn", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qitornaq", "natural": "child / offspring (of Possessor) (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "qitornap", "natural": "the child's (ergative/relative singular)" }, { "surface": "qitornat", "natural": "children (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qətuqnaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qitornaq", "Oqaatsit1997:qitornaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:qitornaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qitornaq#e7687", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qitornaq#e7687", "Katersat:lex_14035", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.40473", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.85804" ], "id": "qitornaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "saattuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crab" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "saattuaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {saaktu(j)aq}N. Per Schultz-Lorentzen, this stem geminates an unwritten consonant between /ua/ (the same injection pattern as this file's own qeqquaq/naaq entries), written parenthetically as (j) in the morphemic form; MOFO's own top-of-page summary tags this entry 'Geminating, Injection', matching qeqquaq's tagging exactly.", "MOFO notes Ordbogeeraq (JP67) does not record this stem as geminating at all, suggesting a regular (non-geminating) p-declension may also be in use; only the geminating/injecting declension is modeled here, matching MOFO's own choice to record only that pattern.", "The origin of the stem is unrecorded in the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary; MOFO notes Schultz-Lorentzen's speculative derivation from the spatial stem {sak}N ('front') is uncertain and not asserted here as fact." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crab", "da": "krabbe", "da_short": "krabbe", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "krabbe", "singular_definite": "krabben", "plural": "krabber", "plural_definite": "krabberne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "saattuaq", "natural": "crab (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "saattussat", "natural": "crabs (absolutive plural -- the injected consonant geminates to [ss])" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:saaktu(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:saattuaq", "Oqaatsit1997:saattuaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:saattuaq (sak)#e14877", "SchultzLorentzen1927:saattuaq (sak)#e14877", "Katersat:lex_31703", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.62821" ], "id": "saattuaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "sakiak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "rib (of a human or animal); (plural) chest -- the chest perceived as a collection of ribs" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sakiak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {sakijak}N, from a reconstructed historical form {caki(C)aɣ} per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: an unknown consonant that is not written in the absolutive citation form 'sakiak' but geminates to [cc] (spelt 'ss': sakissa/sakissat) under inflection -- MOFO's own prose explicitly describes this consonant as 'appearing during inflection', the same phenomenon this file's own qeqquaq/naaq entries model as injection, even though MOFO's top-of-page summary for this entry tags only 'Geminating' (not 'Injection') -- flagged as an apparent tagging inconsistency, not resolved here.", "This is a weak K-stem (not a q-stem, unlike this file's other j-injecting entries in this batch)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "rib (of a human or animal); (plural) chest", "en_short": "rib (of a human or animal)", "da": "ribben; (i flertal) brystkasse", "da_short": "ribben", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "This stem may have a singular meaning ('rib') despite the plural form regularly denoting 'chest' -- MOFO groups this with other body-part stems showing the same singular/plural-meaning split.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sakiak", "natural": "rib (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "sakissat", "natural": "chest (absolutive plural, literally 'ribs')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:sakijak", "Kleinschmidt1871:sakiak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sakiak#e14962", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sakiak#e14962", "Katersat:lex_15476" ], "id": "sakiak", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "siffiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hip (also used in plural with a singular meaning, for the hip bone and joint as a whole)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:siffiaq:9ea156ca6be2", "items": [ { "text": "hip (also used in plural with a singular meaning, for the hip bone and joint as a whole)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:sipvijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siffiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:siffiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:siffiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:siffiaq#e16260", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siffiaq#e16260", "Katersat:lex_29598" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siffiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {sipvijaq}N, with a /j/ that is not written in the absolutive citation form 'siffiaq' but resurfaces geminated ([cc], spelt 'ss': siffissa/siffissat) under inflection -- the same unwritten-consonant pattern as this file's own qeqquaq/qimeriaq/sakiak entries (all sharing MOFO's identical 'Gemination type: j⇒cc' declension facet), even though MOFO's top-of-page summary for this entry (like qimeriaq's) tags only 'Geminating', not 'Injection' -- flagged as an apparent tagging inconsistency, not resolved here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hip", "da": "hofte", "da_short": "hofte", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "hofte", "singular_definite": "hoften", "plural": "hofter", "plural_definite": "hofterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "siffiaq", "natural": "hip (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "siffiai", "natural": "his hip (absolutive, 3sg/pl possessed -- hip bone and joint as a whole) [SK71]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:sipvijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siffiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:siffiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:siffiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:siffiaq#e16260", "SchultzLorentzen1927:siffiaq#e16260", "Katersat:lex_29598", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.56637" ], "id": "siffiaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "suluppaagaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "reddish rockfish; Norway haddock (Sebastes marinus)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "suluppaagaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {sulukvaugaq}N; regular gemination of /g/ to [kk] before a vowel-initial ending (suluppaaga/suluppaakkat). Per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, this stem may derive from {suluk}N ('wing'), possibly referencing the fish's fins, though the exact derivation is unclear and not asserted here as fact.", "Even in the old orthography (sulugpâvaĸ), the /v/ before the ending geminated to [kk] (spelt 'vk'), revealing the underlying consonant is a /g/, not a /v/ -- per Schultz-Lorentzen, this pattern was standard for old-orthography stems ending in '-vaĸ'." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "reddish rockfish; Norway haddock (Sebastes marinus)", "en_short": "reddish rockfish", "da": "rødfisk", "da_short": "rødfisk", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "rødfisk", "singular_definite": "rødfisken", "plural": "rødfisk", "plural_definite": "rødfiskene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "suluppaagaq", "natural": "reddish rockfish / Norway haddock (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "suluppaakkat", "natural": "reddish rockfish / Norway haddock (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:sulukvaugaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:suluppaagaq", "Oqaatsit1997:suluppaagaq", "Katersat:lex_214719", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.72575" ], "id": "suluppaagaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "suugaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "arrow head; the iron tip of a bird dart" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "suugaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {suugaq}N (already plain ASCII, no schwa); regular gemination of /g/ to [kk] before a vowel-initial ending (suuga/suukkat). Per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, this may derive from a historical {cavəɣ}, possibly related to {caviɣ} ('knife'), though MOFO itself flags the derivation as unclear.", "MOFO notes an Upernavik-dialect synonym, saa(n)guaq, not modeled as a separate entry here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "arrow head; the iron tip of a bird dart", "en_short": "arrow head", "da": "pilespids", "da_short": "pilespids", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "pilespids", "singular_definite": "pilespidsen", "plural": "pilespidser", "plural_definite": "pilespidserne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "suugaq", "natural": "arrow head / iron tip of a bird dart (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "suukkat", "natural": "arrow heads (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:suugaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:suugaq", "Oqaatsit1997:suugaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:suugaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:suugaq#e16482", "SchultzLorentzen1927:suugaq#e16482", "Katersat:lex_8174", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.88129" ], "id": "suugaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "tajaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bracelet" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tajaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO records a Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL58] variant citation form 'tajak' (i.e. as a k-stem), but all other dictionaries (older and newer) and the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's reconstructed {tayaq} agree on the q-stem 'tajaq' -- only the q-stem form is modeled here, matching MOFO's own choice.", "MOFO also records a Schultz-Lorentzen [CWSL51]-only alternative declining without gemination (ordinary weak q-stem); only the majority geminating pattern (per Ordbogeeraq and the other dictionaries) is modeled here, matching MOFO's own choice." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bracelet", "da": "armbånd", "da_short": "armbånd", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "armbånd", "singular_definite": "armbåndet", "plural": "armbånd", "plural_definite": "armbåndene" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tajaq", "natural": "bracelet (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "tatsap", "natural": "bracelet's (ergative singular; gemination of /j/ to [tʃ], spelt 'ts')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:tajaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tajaq", "Oqaatsit1997:tajaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:tajaq", "Katersat:lex_124741", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97514" ], "id": "tajaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "teqqiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "brim of a cap; visor (to shade the eyes); by extension, an awning or canopy", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:teqqiaq:639f98caa163", "items": [ { "text": "brim of a cap; visor (to shade the eyes); by extension, an awning or canopy", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:təlqijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:teqqiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:teqqiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:teqqiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:teqqiaq#e17772", "SchultzLorentzen1927:teqqiaq#e17772", "Katersat:lex_38491" ], "rationale": "No source YAML change is proposed; retain the complete raw meaning. If structured annotations are added later, preserve the exact row citations and represent the indicated relation explicitly." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "teqqiaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating" }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "brim of a cap; visor; by extension, an awning or canopy", "en_short": "brim of a cap", "da": "kasketskygge; skygge (til at skygge for øjnene)", "da_short": "kasketskygge", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ss" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "teqqiaq", "natural": "brim of a cap; visor (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "teqqissap", "natural": "the brim's / visor's (ergative singular; gemination of /j/ to [tʃː], spelt 'ss')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:təlqijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:teqqiaq", "Oqaatsit1997:teqqiaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:teqqiaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:teqqiaq#e17772", "SchultzLorentzen1927:teqqiaq#e17772", "Katersat:lex_38491" ], "id": "teqqiaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "teriaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "small game animal: weasel (Labrador Inuktitut sense per Kleinschmidt), lemming, rat; in Greenland (where none of these exist) now most commonly 'mouse'", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:teriaq:a72fa9ef7526", "items": [ { "text": "small game animal: weasel (Labrador Inuktitut sense per Kleinschmidt), lemming, rat; in Greenland (where none of these exist) now most commonly 'mouse'", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:tərijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:teriaq", "Oqaatsit1997:teriaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:teriaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:teriaq#e17755", "SchultzLorentzen1927:teriaq#e17755", "Katersat:lex_34981" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "teriaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {tərijaq}N, from the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's {təʀiɣaʀ} < {təʀiɣ} 'game animal' + N{-aq}N -- the historical /ɣ/ weakened to /j/, unwritten before /i/ but resurfacing as gemination under inflection.", "A single incidental hit was found in Nielsen2012:§2.2 ('Tivoli: tiguaa, han tager det; teriaq, mus.'), but this is a pronunciation-illustration example in a chapter on orthography/phonetics (illustrating affricated /t/ before /i/), not an independent discussion of the lexeme itself -- exactly the 'example word that happens to use it' case that does not count as independent corroboration, so this entry remains tail-tier despite the incidental gloss match ('mus' = 'mouse', consistent with MOFO)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "small game animal: weasel, lemming, rat", "en_short": "small game animal: weasel (Labrador Inuktitut sense per Kleinschmidt), lemming, rat", "da": "lille dyr: væsel, lemming, rotte; (i Grønland) mus", "da_short": "lille dyr: væsel, lemming, rotte", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ss" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "teriaq", "natural": "mouse (most common modern Greenlandic sense) (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "teriannguaq", "natural": "mouse, explicitly disambiguated from 'rat' (teriaq + N{ŋŋuaq}N 'small N', per Kleinschmidt)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:tərijaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:teriaq", "Oqaatsit1997:teriaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:teriaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:teriaq#e17755", "SchultzLorentzen1927:teriaq#e17755", "Katersat:lex_34981" ], "id": "teriaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "ussik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "ox; horned cattle" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ussik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Not recorded in the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, so historical origin is unknown; MOFO's practical-orthography form 'ussik' (vs. old-orthography 'ugsik') follows Schultz-Lorentzen's [CWSL51] and Ordbogeeraq's [JP67] description of weakening (nasalation) of the final /k/, which implies a final vowel /e/." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "ox; horned cattle", "da": "okse; hornkvæg", "da_short": "okse", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ussik", "natural": "ox (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ussingup", "natural": "ox's (ergative singular; weakening/nasalation of final /k/)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ugsək", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ussik", "Oqaatsit1997:ussik", "Kleinschmidt1871:ussik#e9202", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ussik#e18936", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ussik#e18936", "Katersat:lex_17919" ], "id": "ussik", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "ujameriak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "crowd; swarm; multitude -- in real usage found only in the plural, ujamerissat; older dictionaries record this singular citation form 'ujameriak' mainly to show the underlying stem shape for adding affixes, not as an attested spoken form", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_alternatives", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:ujameriak:42cc955fc067", "items": [ { "text": "crowd", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the collective meaning", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:ujamirijak", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujameriak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ujameriak#e19054", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ujameriak#e19054" ], "rationale": "The sources support the plural collective meaning and equivalent English renderings.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "swarm", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the collective meaning", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:ujamirijak", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujameriak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ujameriak#e19054", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ujameriak#e19054" ], "rationale": "The cited Kleinschmidt definition explicitly gives swarm as a rendering.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "multitude", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the collective meaning", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:ujamirijak", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujameriak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ujameriak#e19054", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ujameriak#e19054" ], "rationale": "The cited Kleinschmidt definition explicitly gives multitude as a rendering.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "in real usage found only in the plural, ujamerissat", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "number restriction on attested usage", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:ujamirijak", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujameriak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ujameriak#e19054", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ujameriak#e19054" ], "rationale": "The cited source review confirms plural-only real usage." }, { "text": "older dictionaries record this singular citation form 'ujameriak' mainly to show the underlying stem shape for adding affixes, not as an attested spoken form", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "explains the status of the singular citation form", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:ujamirijak", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujameriak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ujameriak#e19054", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ujameriak#e19054" ], "rationale": "The source review distinguishes dictionary citation form from attested spoken usage." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ujameriak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own morphemic form is {ujamirijak}N, of unknown origin (not in the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary); MOFO tentatively relates it to {uyamiɣ} 'neck' plus a final part formed like {inuijak}N, but flags this as uncertain.", "MOFO's own page is internally inconsistent about this stem's class: its General/Declension-pattern facet boxes both say 'Weak q-stem', but its own prose (discussing the affixed form ujameriassuit) explicitly argues the opposite -- 'this... illustrates that this stem in fact is a k-stem (since we get ss, and not rs, at the boundary between the two morphemes)'. The prose argument is the more specific and evidenced of the two, so this entry follows it (stem_type:velar_metathesizing_stem, i.e. MOFO's own 'Weak k-stem' facet) rather than the tabular 'Weak q-stem' label -- flagged as a real inconsistency in the source, not silently resolved." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "crowd; swarm; multitude", "en_short": "crowd", "da": "mængde; sværm", "da_short": "mængde", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "j", "to": "ss" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ujamerissat", "natural": "a crowd; a swarm (absolutive plural -- the only form in living use)" }, { "surface": "ujameriassuit", "natural": "an enormous crowd (ujameriak + N{(q)cuaq}N 'big N', revealing the un-geminated k-stem shape; MOFO/Kleinschmidt)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ujamirijak", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujameriak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ujameriak#e19054", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ujameriak#e19054", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.53560", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.78200" ], "id": "ujameriak", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "ujukkuaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bait for catching seagulls -- specifically a piece of blubber on a fishing-line hook, thrown out at sea", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:ujukkuaq:56ccd6018daf", "items": [ { "text": "bait for catching seagulls", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:ujukku(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujukkuaq", "Oqaatsit1997:ujukkuaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujukkuaq#e9271", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ujukkuaq#e19106", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ujukkuaq#e19106", "Katersat:lex_8327" ], "rationale": "The cited dictionaries support the bait-for-gull-hunting meaning." }, { "text": "specifically a piece of blubber on a fishing-line hook, thrown out at sea", "relation": "explanation", "scope": "describes the bait and its use", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:ujukku(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujukkuaq", "Oqaatsit1997:ujukkuaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujukkuaq#e9271", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ujukkuaq#e19106", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ujukkuaq#e19106", "Katersat:lex_8327" ], "rationale": "The clause specifies the bait material and method of use; it is not another sense." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ujukkuaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ujukku(j)aq}N -- per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, the reconstructed historical form {uyukkuʀ(aʀ)} has a /ʀ/ that dropped, but a reflex resurfaces and geminates to [tʃː] (spelt 'ss') under inflection, written parenthetically as (j). This is inflection_sandhi:injection, matching this repo's existing naaq/taquaq precedent for the same (j)-marked phenomenon; morphology_class.gemination is correspondingly NOT set, since there is no visible 'from' consonant in the citation form 'ujukkuaq' to name.", "MOFO notes Ordbogeeraq [JP67] does NOT record this stem as geminating, suggesting an alternative regular (non-geminating) p-declension may also be in use; only the geminating pattern is modeled here, matching MOFO's own choice." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bait for catching seagulls", "en_short": "bait for catching seagulls", "da": "agn til at fange måger", "da_short": "agn til at fange måger", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "madding", "singular_definite": "maddingen", "plural": "maddinger", "plural_definite": "maddingerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ujukkuaq", "natural": "bait for seagulls (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ujukkussap", "natural": "the bait's (ergative singular; unwritten historical consonant resurfaces and geminates, inflection_sandhi:injection)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ujukku(j)aq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujukkuaq", "Oqaatsit1997:ujukkuaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ujukkuaq#e9271", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ujukkuaq#e19106", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ujukkuaq#e19106", "Katersat:lex_8327", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.61735", "Oqaatsit1997:ujukkuaq#e17748", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ujukkuaq#e16790" ], "id": "ujukkuaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "uluak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "cheek" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uluak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ulu(j)ak}N: per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary, the reconstructed historical form is {uɬuɣaɣ}, whose stem-internal /ɣ/ has dropped but resurfaces during inflection, geminating to [ss] -- MOFO records this unwritten consonant as (j). This is inflection_sandhi:injection (an unwritten historical consonant resurfacing under inflection), matching this repo's existing naaq entry's use of the value; morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately left unset for the same reason naaq's is -- there is no visible 'from' consonant in the citation form 'uluak' to name.", "MOFO's own facet is 'Weak k-stem', mapped to stem_type:velar_metathesizing_stem per this repo's established MOFO-facet mapping (see ivik, and docs/reference/linguistics/aitwg-rule-compliance-audit.md's stem_type:velar_metathesizing_stem row) despite this entry not itself involving metathesis -- that value is this repo's only schema analogue for MOFO's 'Weak k-stem' facet as a whole, not a metathesis-specific one." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cheek", "da": "kind", "da_short": "kind", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "kind", "singular_definite": "kinden", "plural": "kinder", "plural_definite": "kinderne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "injected_cluster": "ss", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uluak", "natural": "cheek (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ulussap", "natural": "cheek's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "ulussat", "natural": "cheeks (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "uluai", "natural": "his/her cheeks (3sg-possessed) [MOFO]" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ulu(j)ak", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uluak", "Oqaatsit1997:uluak", "Kleinschmidt1871:uluak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:uluak (ulu)#e19302", "SchultzLorentzen1927:uluak (ulu)#e19302", "Katersat:lex_33459", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97152" ], "id": "uluak", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "ulik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "a covering; tarpaulin; blanket; shawl (of cloth)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ulik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ulək}N, derived from a historical {uliɣ(-)} per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary; Schultz-Lorentzen 1951 records the stem declining with weakening of final /k/ (-> [ŋ], spelt 'ng'), which MOFO takes as evidence for an underlying /ə/ in the final syllable despite the historical /i/. MOFO itself flags this weakening pattern as possibly obsolete ('this may not be used nowadays')." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "a covering; tarpaulin; blanket; shawl (of cloth)", "en_short": "a covering", "da": "et dække; presenning; tæppe; sjal", "da_short": "et dække", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ulik", "natural": "a covering / tarpaulin / blanket (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ulingup", "natural": "covering's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "ulingit", "natural": "coverings (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ulək", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulik", "Oqaatsit1997:ulik", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ulik (uli)#e19247", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ulik (uli)#e19247", "Katersat:lex_36852" ], "id": "ulik", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "unga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "(bound, non-productive) area beyond a separating barrier", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:unga:60124bc53f4d", "items": [ { "text": "(bound, non-productive) area beyond a separating barrier", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:uŋa", "Kleinschmidt1871:unga" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unga", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own page tags this stem 'Stem categorisation / Non-productive morpheme' and states outright: 'This stem is never used on its own, but only in combination with affixes. Thus, we do not record an inflection pattern.' declension_class:none matches MOFO's own 'Declension type: None' directly. No inflected example is cited here since none is independently attested for the bare root itself -- {uŋatə}N (this repo's own 'ungat' entry), one of the lexicalised combinations this root underlies, is modeled separately." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the area beyond a separating barrier", "da": "området på den anden side af en skillelinje", "da_short": "området på den anden side af en skillelinje", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "none" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Non-productive per MOFO's own tag -- tail tier regardless of independent corroboration. The 334 pre-fetched search hits are essentially all false positives: coincidental matches of the unrelated 1sg verbal ending -vunga/-punga ('I Vb'), not this stem." }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:uŋa", "Kleinschmidt1871:unga" ], "id": "unga", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "illeraq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "krill; whale food (tiny sea animals eaten by whales)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illeraq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "The existing weak-q/p r-to-qq class is independently supported by Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3 and Bjornum2012:K4§2e for the literal single-r -raq ending. The cited dictionary row establishes this selected lexical sense; the closed rule supplies the class, not a separately printed complete paradigm. Vowel- and r-initial endings block gemination. Historical/MOFO analyses remain attributed, not independently approved here.", "MOFO's own morphemic form is {əgləraq}N, with visible /r/ (not an injected/unwritten consonant, unlike this repo's naaq/unaaq/unnuaq/uluak entries) geminating to [qq] -- an unusual gemination target (r=>qq, not r=>rr as in this repo's own anori/unaaq entries), directly attested by MOFO's own declension table and recorded here via morphology_class.gemination.", "MOFO itself flags likely obsolescence: 'described in all the older dictionaries [SK71], [JP67], [CWSL58], but not in Oqaatsit [CBBJRPIKJR97] and newer dictionaries, which may indicate that the word is not used nowadays.' Bjornum's own r=>qq gemination table (K4§2e, category 14) lists three other examples (amaroq, siuteroq, ujarak) but not illeraq, consistent with this." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "krill; whale food (tiny sea animals eaten by whales)", "en_short": "krill", "da": "krill; hvalføde", "da_short": "krill", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illeraq", "natural": "krill (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "illeqqap", "natural": "krill's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "illeqqat", "natural": "krill (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:əgləraq", "Kleinschmidt1871:illeraq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:illeraq#e3687", "SchultzLorentzen1927:illeraq#e3687", "Katersat:lex_39858", "Kleinschmidt1871:illeraq#e1845", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§2e" ], "id": "illeraq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "ikeq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "bay; sound; (mouth of) fjord; strait (a body of water normally crossed as part of a travelling route)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikeq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {əkəq}N; this stem inflects as a strong q-stem with up-declension and weakening of /q/ to [r] before vowel-initial endings -- the same inflection_sandhi:weakening value this repo's existing assik entry already populates (for a k-stem), so this entry adds the first q-stem corroboration of the same value.", "Bugge1960:vunde#e39601 and WordList2018:wound#e4223 independently use ikeq for wound. These are competing lexical-context leads, not evidence that the modeled waterway sense means wound; do not transfer those citations or replace its geographic meaning. The modern noun iki has separate exact wound rows." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bay; sound; fjord; strait", "en_short": "bay", "da": "bugt; sund; fjordmunding; stræde", "da_short": "bugt", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikeq", "natural": "bay / sound / fjord (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ikerup", "natural": "bay's (ergative singular, weakened q->r)" }, { "surface": "ikerit", "natural": "bays (absolutive plural, weakened q->r)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:əkəq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikeq#e3482", "Oqaatsit1997:ikeq#e3621", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ikeq#e3932", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ikeq#e3932", "Katersat:lex_3761" ], "id": "ikeq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "illiaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "womb; uterus" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "illiaq", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ənlijaq}N, derived from {ənə}N ('room; space' -- this repo's own ini entry, kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml) + N{-lijaq}N (a 'made/fabricated N' nominal-modifier affix), with the affix-boundary /ə/ apparently lost. right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision is inherited from the N{-lijaq}N affix itself ('Right sandhi: /aq/ drop' per MOFO), matching this repo's existing value (already populated by naaq/V_galuaq_N).", "inflection_sandhi:geminating matches MOFO's own facet ('Gemination type: j⇒cc', spelt 'ss': illissa/illissap/illissat before a consonant-initial ending, illia before a vowel-initial ending). As with naaq, the geminating /j/ is never spelled as a plain letter anywhere in the practical-orthography paradigm -- only its geminate 'ss' surfaces -- so morphology_class.gemination is deliberately left unset rather than forced into a {from,to} shape with no real 'from' letter to name, mirroring naaq's own established reasoning.", "N{-lijaq}N itself (the affix, not this specific lexicalized stem) is independently attested by AITWG-Affixes:p.18 (docs/affixlist/4-nominal-modifiers.md): 'N{-li'jaq}N, -liaq (a made/fabricated N). This affix geminates the invisible /j/ to /cc/, so e.g. with plural N{t} => -lissat.' This corroborates the gemination mechanism, but not the 'womb; uterus' meaning of this lexicalized stem specifically, so it does not clear the lexeme-existence+meaning bar for core tier." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "womb; uterus", "en_short": "womb", "da": "livmoder", "da_short": "livmoder", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "countability": "count", "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": [ "livmoder", "livmor" ], "singular_definite": [ "livmoderen", "livmoren" ], "plural": "livmodere", "plural_definite": "livmoderne" } } }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "illiaq", "natural": "womb; uterus (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "illissap", "natural": "womb's / uterus's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "illissat", "natural": "wombs; uteruses (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ənlijaq", "Oqaatsit1997:illiaq#e4095", "Kleinschmidt1871:illiaq#e1846", "SchultzLorentzen1926:illiaq#e3702", "SchultzLorentzen1927:illiaq#e3702", "Katersat:lex_34137", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.81151" ], "id": "illiaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "iperaq_wick": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sphagnum moss (used as wicks in traditional Greenlandic lamps); by extension, a lamp/candle wick", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:iperaq_wick:75805f7c95b3", "items": [ { "text": "sphagnum moss", "relation": "distinct_sense", "scope": "source material sense", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:əpəraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:iperaq I", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq#e4940", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq#e4941", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq#e4818", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq#e4819", "Katersat:lex_209490" ], "rationale": "The cited dictionaries attest peat moss/moss as the source material." }, { "text": "used as wicks in traditional Greenlandic lamps", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "traditional use of the moss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:əpəraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:iperaq I", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq#e4940", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq#e4941", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq#e4818", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq#e4819", "Katersat:lex_209490" ], "rationale": "The parenthetical specifies the documented traditional use." }, { "text": "by extension, a lamp/candle wick", "relation": "distinct_sense", "scope": "product/use-derived extended sense", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:əpəraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:iperaq I", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq#e4940", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq#e4941", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq#e4818", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq#e4819", "Katersat:lex_209490" ], "rationale": "The dictionaries distinguish peat moss from wick; “by extension” links the resulting wick sense to the material rather than making them alternatives." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iperaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "DISAMBIGUATION: a true homograph, not a duplicate -- MOFO catalogues a wholly separate stem also citation-spelled 'iperaq' meaning 'harpoon cord' (this repo's own iperaq_cord, this same file), with its own distinct MOFO id (ipiraq). Renamed with a sense-disambiguating suffix since both share the identical practical-orthography citation form." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sphagnum moss", "en_short": "sphagnum moss (used as wicks in traditional Greenlandic lamps)", "da": "tørvemos (brugt som væge); væge", "da_short": "tørvemos", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "r", "to": "qq" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iperaq", "natural": "sphagnum moss / wick (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "ipeqqap", "natural": "the wick's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "ipeqqat", "natural": "wicks (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:əpəraq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:iperaq I", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq#e4940", "Oqaatsit1997:iperaq#e4941", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq#e4818", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iperaq#e4819", "Katersat:lex_209490" ], "id": "iperaq_wick", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "itumak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "palm of the hand" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "itumak", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ətumak}N, from a reconstructed historical {ətəmaɣ} (Comparative Eskimo Dictionary) where the internal /ə/ irregularly took the sound [u]; MOFO records this as /u/ in the morphemic form since the sound change is not otherwise regular in Kalaallisut.", "Older dictionaries (Kleinschmidt 1871, Schultz-Lorentzen 1958) also record a second, now-obsolete sense, 'flesh-side of shoulder blade'; not modeled here since it does not appear in the newer dictionaries MOFO consulted.", "Unlike this repo's existing velar_metathesizing_stem example (ivik, ip-declined with metathesis_limited_to_ergative_and_plural), MOFO gives itumak p-declined with plain geminating sandhi instead -- confirming declension_class isn't rigidly determined by stem_type alone (relevant to the audit doc's SG-4 concern), a second real data point for the same stem_type value." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "palm of the hand", "da": "håndflade", "da_short": "håndflade", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "håndflade", "singular_definite": "håndfladen", "plural": "håndflader", "plural_definite": "håndfladerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_metathesizing_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "m", "to": "mm" } }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "itumak", "natural": "palm of the hand (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "itummap", "natural": "the palm's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "itummat", "natural": "palms (absolutive plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ətumak", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:itumak", "Oqaatsit1997:itumak", "Kleinschmidt1871:itumak", "SchultzLorentzen1926:itumak#e5887", "SchultzLorentzen1927:itumak#e5887", "Katersat:lex_3049", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.97645" ], "id": "itumak", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "isseq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "juice (of fruit, berries, or meat; also used metaphorically)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:isseq:9cdbdbd3a60a", "items": [ { "text": "juice (of fruit, berries, or meat; also used metaphorically)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:əvsəq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isseq", "Oqaatsit1997:isseq", "Kleinschmidt1871:isseq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:isseq#e6014", "SchultzLorentzen1927:isseq#e6014", "Katersat:lex_34468" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isseq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {əvsəq}N, from a reconstructed historical {əvtəʀ} (Comparative Eskimo Dictionary); why /t/ became /s/ here is not explained by MOFO, though it notes a similar shift in other Inuit dialects.", "A second uvular_weakening_stem (MOFO: 'Strong q-stem') data point alongside this repo's existing ateq entry, but with plain weakening declension sandhi (q => r before a vowel-initial ending: isser/isserup/isserit) rather than ateq's irregular metathesis pattern -- corroborating that inflection_sandhi varies per-lexeme within the same stem_type class, not a new gap.", "FST pin (issue #516 / #515, lex_34468): intended analysis is isseq+N+Abs+Sg. Competing issi+Err/Sub+N+Abs+Sg is Katersat's own error/substandard tag. Modern underlying_form remains isseq; MOFO's reconstructed {əvsəq} and the unexplained t-to-s history stay etymological notes, not a change of underlying_form. Lexeme preserved.", "#515 admission review (2026-09-15): lexical-vs-reconstruction split confirmed. The isse- stem alternant (q-final uvular, NOT *iseq/*isik) is independently attested by possessed issera 'its juice' (Kleinschmidt1871 + Rasmussen1893 + SchultzLorentzen1926/1927, all with dedicated headwords) -- so the stored underlying_form isseq is a lexical fact, while {əvsəq}/{əvtəʀ} remains etymology. Paradigm weights: Abs isseq (5 dictionaries) + Poss issera (3 works) corroborated; Erg isserup only in Ordbogen2003 (not an established citation source); ErgPl isserit zero hits anywhere (MOFO-only). Entry STAYS TAIL per the partial-corroboration precedent; promotion needs an established isserup/isserit attestation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "juice (of fruit, berries, or meat; also used metaphorically)", "da": "saft", "da_short": "saft", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "saft", "singular_definite": "saften", "plural": "safter", "plural_definite": "safterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isseq", "natural": "juice (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "iipilit isserat", "natural": "apple juice (literally 'juice of apples'; MOFO's own example, ABS.3pl/sg N{-at} possessed by iipilit 'apples')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:əvsəq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isseq", "Oqaatsit1997:isseq", "Kleinschmidt1871:isseq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:isseq#e6014", "SchultzLorentzen1927:isseq#e6014", "Katersat:lex_34468", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.63189" ], "id": "isseq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "aaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sleeve" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaq", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "injection", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {a(s)iq}N: a consonant that has dropped from the citation form (aaq, absolutive singular) resurfaces during inflection and geminates to /tc/ (spelt 'ts'): aaq -> atsip (ERG.sg), atsit (ERG.pl). MOFO records this injected consonant as (s) partly by editorial convention -- per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10], the reconstructed historical form is {aðiʀ}, so the dropped consonant was historically /ð/, not really /s/; MOFO itself flags the /s/ choice as somewhat arbitrary. This repo follows MOFO's own symbol for traceability to the source, not as an independent claim.", "right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision matches MOFO's own top-level facet ('Right sandhi: /aq/ drop', tooltip 'Final /aq/ is dropped before vowel-initial endings and aq-deleting affixes') -- identical wording to this repo's already-modeled naaq/V_galuaq_N entries. Kleinschmidt [SK71] additionally gives vowel-stem forms aa/ai (ABS 3sg/sg and 3sg/pl possessive), though MOFO itself hedges on whether this is still used today; not modeled as a separate example here.", "morphology_class.gemination ({from,to}) is deliberately NOT set, for the same reason as this repo's own naaq entry: the geminating consonant (s) is not visible in the citation form 'aaq' to name as a 'from' -- it is injected during inflection, not an ordinary already-visible doubling. Recorded in prose only, matching naaq's own precedent." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sleeve", "da": "ærme", "da_short": "ærme", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "neuter" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "ærme", "singular_definite": "ærmet", "plural": "ærmer", "plural_definite": "ærmerne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aaq", "natural": "sleeve (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "atsip", "natural": "sleeve's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "atsit", "natural": "sleeves (absolutive/ergative plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:a(s)iq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaq", "Oqaatsit1997:aaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:aaq#e300", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aaq#e566", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aaq#e566", "Katersat:lex_161062", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.74003" ], "id": "aaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "alleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alleq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "weakening", "notes": [ "Hand-resolved from this batch's ambiguous_needs_owner_review queue: this stem's bare citation form coincidentally matches the surface form 'alleq' ('the lowest (part)') that appears repeatedly elsewhere in this repo (kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_nouns_mofo_derived.yaml's N_lliq_serve_Vb entry and others) -- but that 'alleq' is a DERIVED surface form ({atə}N, 'area below', + the comparative affix N{(l)liq}N), never its own top-level stem entry, so there is no actual YAML-key collision (confirmed: no 'alleq' key exists anywhere else in kalaallisut_data/). Flagged here anyway for reader clarity, since the two are unrelated words that happen to surface identically.", "MOFO notes the underlying root is disputed: Schultz-Lorentzen 1951 records weakening despite the preceding vowel being a true /i/ (not the /ə/ that would ordinarily license it per the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary's own {aɬɣiʀ} reconstruction) -- MOFO records this as an unexplained irregularity of this specific stem rather than adopting the CED's phonemicization, and this entry follows MOFO's own attested-behaviour analysis (/agləq/) for the same reason." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis)", "da": "havlit (en andefugl)", "da_short": "havlit", "source": "hand" }, "presentation_variants": { "gender": { "da": "common" }, "number_forms": { "da": { "singular": "havlit", "singular_definite": "havlitten", "plural": "havlitter", "plural_definite": "havlitterne" } }, "countability": "count" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "alleq", "natural": "long-tailed duck (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "allerup", "natural": "long-tailed duck's (ergative singular, weakened q->r)" }, { "surface": "allerit", "natural": "long-tailed ducks (absolutive plural, weakened q->r)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:agləq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alleq#e1054", "Oqaatsit1997:alleq#e1072", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alleq#e77", "SchultzLorentzen1927:alleq#e77", "Katersat:lex_130865", "COR1:1.5.1.0/COR.73784" ], "id": "alleq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "naalagaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "master; lord; captain; (also used to refer to the Christian God)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naalagaq", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "This stem is MOFO's own worked example of {X}V + V{-ðaq}N (passive participle) attaching to the stem-final consonant AS {aq} rather than removing it -- {naalak}V ('obey') + V{-ðaq}N -> naalagaq, literally 'one who is obeyed'. The proposed inheritance of aq deletion is not encoded as a universal right rule: Kleinschmidt1871:naalagaq#e5493 prints possessed naalagaa and naalagai, retaining the a before the ending. Other aq-deleting affixation remains unreviewed; MOFO inheritance alone does not establish its scope.", "Petersen1951:naalagaq#e6256 and Petersen1967:naalagaq#e6274 independently print t kk beside the headword. Kleinschmidt1871:naalagaq#e5493 independently supplies possessed forms. These sources do not by themselves establish every paradigm cell; the existing p-declension remains recorded alongside MOFO provenance, without extrapolating a complete paradigm." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "master; lord; captain", "en_short": "master", "da": "herre; høvding; kaptajn; (også Gud)", "da_short": "herre", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "g", "to": "kk" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated for the lexeme and meaning (not the paradigm): Nielsen2012:§5.4.2 quotes 'Naalagaq Guutit asassavat', glossed 'you shall love the Lord your God' -- a real sentence-level use of 'naalagaq' with exactly MOFO's own stated religious sense ('also used to refer to the (Christian) god'), not an incidental mention of the word.", "examples": [ { "surface": "naalagaq", "natural": "master / lord / captain (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "naalakkap", "natural": "master's / lord's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "naalakkat", "natural": "masters / lords (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "timmisartup naalagaa", "natural": "captain of an aircraft (MOFO's own example: timmisartoq 'aircraft' + naalagaa 'its master', 3sg-possessed)" }, { "surface": "Naalagaq Guutit asassavat", "natural": "you shall love the Lord your God (Nielsen2012:§5.4.2's own example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.4.2", "MOFO:naalagaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:naalagaq#e5493", "Petersen1951:naalagaq#e6256", "Petersen1967:naalagaq#e6274", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naalagaq", "Oqaatsit1997:naalagaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:naalagaq#e11067", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naalagaq#e11067", "Katersat:lex_166852" ], "id": "naalagaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "nasaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "hat; cap; fur hood (originally: the hood on a man's fur coat)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nasaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {nasaq}N, matching this entry's own underlying_form directly (no schwa or other ASCII conversion needed)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "hat; cap; fur hood", "en_short": "hat", "da": "hue; kasket; pelshætte", "da_short": "hue", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p", "strength": "weak", "gemination": { "from": "s", "to": "ts" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2 ('nasaq, hue; nasalerpoq, han tager hue på') and §5.5.2.2 ('nasaq, hue; aappaluttumik nasalik, én med en rød hue på') both directly gloss the bare stem; Bjornum2012:K9§6 gives the same denominal derivatives (nasalerpaa, nasalik) with the identical gloss 'hue'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "nasaq", "natural": "hat / cap / fur hood (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "natsap", "natural": "hat's / cap's (ergative singular)" }, { "surface": "natsat", "natural": "hats / caps (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "nasalerpoq", "natural": "he puts on a hat (Nielsen2012's own example, denominal N{-ler-}V)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.8.2.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "MOFO:nasaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nasaq", "Oqaatsit1997:nasaq", "Kleinschmidt1871:nasaq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nasaq#e11621", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nasaq#e11621", "Katersat:lex_17151" ], "id": "nasaq", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "uv": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "this/that one here; here (demonstrative pronoun, adverbial, and exclamation)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:uv:895ec58e2950", "items": [ { "text": "this/that one here; here (demonstrative pronoun, adverbial, and exclamation)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:demonstratives/uv_n_this", "Nielsen2012:§4.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "AITWG:§15.3", "AITWG:§15.4", "AITWG:§15.5", "Kleinschmidt1871:uumaak#e9601", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ukorsii#e19444" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uv", "special_ending_realizations": { "DEM_ABS_SG": "una", "DEM_ABS_PL": "uku", "DEM_ERG_SG": "uuma", "DEM_ERG_PL": "ukua", "DEM_INS_SG": "uuminnga", "DEM_INS_PL": "ukuninnga", "DEM_LOC_SG": "uumani", "DEM_LOC_PL": "ukunani", "DEM_ALL_SG": "uumunnga", "DEM_ALL_PL": "ukununnga", "DEM_ABL_SG": "uumannga", "DEM_ABL_PL": "ukunannga", "DEM_VIA_SG": "uumuuna", "DEM_VIA_PL": [ "ukunuuna", "ukunatigut" ], "DEM_EQU_SG": "uumatut", "DEM_EQU_PL": [ "ukunatut", "ukuatut" ], "DEM_CALL_SG": "uumaak", "DEM_CALL_PL": "ukorsii", "N_DEM_EXCL_A": [ "uffa", "ugga" ], "DEM_ADV_LOC": "uani", "DEM_ADV_ALL": "uunga", "DEM_ADV_ABL": "uannga", "DEM_ADV_VIA": "ugguuna" }, "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§5b Skema 52 prints ordinary plural vialis ukunuuna/ukunatigut and equative uku(n)atut. The section explicitly states that equative forms with/without n have no meaning difference. Primary PDF page 105 (printed 107) visually confirms these alternatives; anaphoric forms remain separate.", "Reviewed ordinary adverb slots are added to this existing stable owner; existing pronoun, calling and exclamation maps are preserved. No duplicate DEM_UV root is introduced.", "AITWG:§15.3 says ordinary demonstrative adverbs use u after loss of v, with irregular vialis ugguuna and fused anaphoric tass. Section 15.4 separately states v-loss in ordinary pronouns but retention in their regular anaphoric forms (taanna, taakku, taassuma). The adverbial tass series and pronominal anaphora must remain distinguished.", "The ordinary pronominal and adverbial stem is u; AITWG §15.3 treats adverbial ugguuna as an irregular gg insertion, while §15.4 retains underlying v in regular anaphoric pronouns. The full attested paradigm includes una/uuma/ukua, uani/uunga/uannga/ugguuna, and the exclamatory uffa/ugga/taava; these irregular forms are retained as pedagogy rather than guessed through ordinary noun sandhi." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "this one here; that one here; here", "en_short": "this/that one here", "da": "denne; dette; her", "da_short": "denne", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "una", "natural": "this/that one (third-person pronoun)" }, { "surface": "uuma", "natural": "of this/that one" }, { "surface": "ukua", "natural": "of these" }, { "surface": "uffa", "natural": "there it is (ordinary demonstrative exclamation; distinct from concessive particle uffa)" }, { "surface": "taava", "natural": "source-listed anaphoric demonstrative exclamation; distinct from the lexicalized then particle" }, { "surface": "uani", "natural": "here/there" }, { "surface": "uunga", "natural": "hither" }, { "surface": "uannga", "natural": "hence" }, { "surface": "ugguuna", "natural": "through here" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:demonstratives/uv_n_this", "Nielsen2012:§4.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "AITWG:§15.3", "AITWG:§15.4", "AITWG:§15.5", "Kleinschmidt1871:uumaak#e9601", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.1", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ukorsii#e19444" ], "id": "uv", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "tass": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "demonstrative", "meaning": "there; that (demonstrative adverbial/exclamation, not a pronoun)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:tass:cb896e212275", "items": [ { "text": "there; that (demonstrative adverbial/exclamation, not a pronoun)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:demonstratives/tass_n_there", "Nielsen2012:§4.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "Bjornum2012:K5§2", "AITWG:§15.3" ], "rationale": "Resolve a cited grammar or dictionary row (including non-Daka citation sources if applicable), with exact wording and stable source locator." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tass", "special_ending_realizations": { "DEM_ADV_ALL": "tassunga", "DEM_ADV_LOC": "tassani", "DEM_ADV_ABL": "tassannga", "DEM_ADV_VIA": "tassuuna" }, "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Bjornum2012:K5§2 prints all four ordinary demonstrative adverb forms for this source-numbered root. AITWG §15.3 independently describes the root-plus-adverb-ending construction. These slots yield closed-class particles, not pronoun case forms or unrestricted noun stems; anaphoric columns remain separately reviewed.", "Closed-class demonstrative root. It is used adverbially and exclamatorily, but not as a demonstrative pronoun; its attested forms are tassa, tassani, tassunga, tassannga, and tassuuna." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "there; that is", "en_short": "there", "da": "der; det er", "da_short": "der", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "demonstrative_root_stem", "declension_class": "demonstrative" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tassa", "natural": "there it is; that is" }, { "surface": "tassani", "natural": "there" }, { "surface": "tassunga", "natural": "thither" }, { "surface": "tassannga", "natural": "thence" }, { "surface": "tassuuna", "natural": "through there; that way" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:demonstratives/tass_n_there", "Nielsen2012:§4.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§5b", "Bjornum2012:K5§2", "AITWG:§15.3" ], "id": "tass", "category": "nouns_mofo_derived" } ], "Alixa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Alixa (girl's given name; loanword/proper-name host)", "semantic_tags": [ "loanword" ], "referent_gender": "female" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Alixa", "notes": [ "Unattested as an Oqaasileriffik/Katersat/Oqaatsit headword (issue #746 open question). Jan confirms Alixa is a girl's given name. referent_gender: female records that fact for pronoun choice (issue #801); do not parse the gloss prose. Modeled as a vowel-final loanword/proper-name host (same class as palasi/biili) with semantic_tags:[loanword] so the #729 N_r_loanword gate applies. Capitalisation follows the stress-sentence surface; declension is ordinary vowel-stem (Alixap / Alixamik / Alixami).", "Place-name Ataarneq / locative Ataarummi from the same stress sentence is NOT in mirrored dictionaries — see Counterbot packet / issue notes; town exemplars Nuuk–Maniitsoq document the productive place-name pattern instead." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Alixa (girl's given name)", "da": "Alixa (pigenavn)", "da_short": "Alixa", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Alixa", "natural": "Alixa (absolutive singular; girl's given name)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "issue #746 stress sentence (girl's given name / personal-name inventory pattern; Jan 2026-09-20)" ], "id": "Alixa", "category": "personal_names" } ], "Naja": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Naja (girl's/woman's given name; proper-name host)", "referent_gender": "female", "name_record": { "homograph_stem_id": "najak", "census_attestations": [ { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "table": 12, "role": "first_name", "sex": "female", "count": 217, "rank": 9, "rank_source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "oldest_bearer_birth_year": 1925, "youngest_bearer_birth_year": 2010, "as_of": "2011-07-01" }, { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§4", "table": 6, "role": "first_or_middle", "sex": "female", "count": 351, "rank": 42, "as_of": "2011-07-01" } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Naja", "notes": [ "Unattested as an Oqaasileriffik/Katersat/Oqaatsit personal-name headword. Dictionary hits for the bare string naja/najak are the kinship noun 'younger sister (of a male)' (Oqaatsit1997:naja#e8303 / najak#e8305; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naja#e7852 / najak#e7854; already stems/nouns.yaml:najak) — not this given name. Jan's Misiliineq dump uses Naja as a girl's/woman's given name. referent_gender: female records that fact for pronoun choice (issue #801); do not parse the gloss prose, and do not treat the substring 'woman's' as 'man's'. Modeled as a vowel-final proper-name host (capitalised surface; ordinary vowel-stem declension Najap / Najamik / Najami). No loanword tag: native Greenlandic name, unlike Alixa.", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2 table 1 ranks Naja 9th among women's first names (217 living bearers; appendix table 12 gives birth years 1925–2010). Table 6 pools first and middle names at 351 (rank 42); that figure is not an extra 351 people on top of the 217. homograph_stem_id najak records the spelling clash only. No etymology object: the publication does not state a non-Greenlandic relative, and it also does not say the name is unrelated to one, so non_greenlandic_lineage is omitted rather than stored empty." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Naja (girl's/woman's given name)", "da": "Naja (pigenavn)", "da_short": "Naja", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Naja", "natural": "Naja (absolutive singular; girl's/woman's given name)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "issue #746 personal-name inventory pattern (girl's/woman's given name; native; Misiliineq empty reading, Jan 2026-09-25)", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§4", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11" ], "id": "Naja", "category": "personal_names" } ], "Malik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "wave", "referent_gender": "male", "name_record": { "homograph_stem_id": "malik", "census_attestations": [ { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "table": 12, "role": "first_name", "sex": "male", "count": 303, "rank": 13, "rank_source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "oldest_bearer_birth_year": 1966, "youngest_bearer_birth_year": 2010, "as_of": "2011-07-01" }, { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§4", "table": 6, "role": "first_or_middle", "sex": "male", "count": 471, "rank": 32, "as_of": "2011-07-01" } ], "etymology": { "formation": "greenlandic_lexical", "non_greenlandic_lineage": [], "greenlandic_base": { "citation_form": "malik", "relation": "same_as_lexeme", "evidence": "source_states", "citation": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2" }, "facts": [ { "statement": "Statistics Greenland identifies the boy's name Malik as Greenlandic for \"wave\".", "citation": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "evidence": "source_states" }, { "statement": "Bjornum lists malik bølge among strong k-stems with metathesis, in the same group as kamik.", "citation": "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "evidence": "source_states" }, { "statement": "Bjornum's paradigm for malik bølge is absolutive malik, relative mallip (maliup), plural mallit, oblique malimmik.", "citation": "Bjornum2012:K4§2f", "evidence": "source_states" } ] } } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Malik", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "geminating", "notes": [ "Unattested as an Oqaasileriffik/Katersat/Oqaatsit personal-name headword. The given-name claim and the gloss 'wave' are StatisticsGreenland2011:§2. The paradigm is the noun's, because that section identifies the name with the Greenlandic word: Bjornum2012:K4§2f malik / mallip (maliup) / mallit / malimmik, the same strong-k metathesis table as kamik (Bjornum2012:K4§2). This repo encodes that table as inflection_sandhi:geminating and gemination l→ll, the kamik encoding in stems/nouns.yaml, not as a metathesis enum. maliup is the ungerminated alternate Bjornum prints in parentheses. non_greenlandic_lineage is empty because §2 presents Malik as Greenlandic and states no European relative. Capitalised personal-name stem ID; the common noun is separately admitted as malik. The noun admission does not independently validate this stored name-profile encoding." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "wave", "da": "bølge", "da_short": "bølge", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "regular", "gemination": { "from": "l", "to": "ll" } }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Noun paradigm from Bjornum2012:K4§2f, applied to the given name because StatisticsGreenland2011:§2 identifies Malik as that word. Majority relative mallip; maliup is the parenthesised alternate.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Malik", "natural": "Malik / wave (absolutive singular; boy's given name)" }, { "surface": "mallip", "natural": "wave's (ergative/relative singular; geminated majority)" }, { "surface": "maliup", "natural": "wave's (ergative/relative singular; ungerminated alternate)" }, { "surface": "mallit", "natural": "waves (absolutive plural)" }, { "surface": "malimmik", "natural": "wave (instrumental singular; oblique, no metathesis)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§4", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "Bjornum2012:K4§2", "Bjornum2012:K4§2f" ], "id": "Malik", "category": "personal_names" } ], "Paninnguaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "sweet, little daughter", "referent_gender": "female", "name_record": { "census_attestations": [ { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "table": 12, "role": "first_name", "sex": "female", "count": 170, "rank": 19, "rank_source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "oldest_bearer_birth_year": 1974, "youngest_bearer_birth_year": 2010, "as_of": "2011-07-01" } ], "etymology": { "formation": "greenlandic_diminutive", "diminutive_suffix": "nnguaq", "non_greenlandic_lineage": [], "greenlandic_base": { "stem_id": "panik", "relation": "diminutive_of", "evidence": "source_states", "citation": "Bjornum2012:K9§6" }, "facts": [ { "statement": "Statistics Greenland glosses Paninnguaq as \"sweet, little daughter\".", "citation": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "evidence": "source_states" }, { "statement": "Bjornum glosses paninnguaq as en kær lille datter, from panik, with affix -nnguaq.", "citation": "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "evidence": "source_states" }, { "statement": "Nielsen's paradigm is paninnguaq, paninnguup, paninnguit, paninnguamik, with -aq dropping before a vowel-initial ending.", "citation": "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.4", "evidence": "source_states" } ] } }, "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "deferred", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:Paninnguaq:993b556119bc", "items": [ { "text": "sweet, little daughter", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/personal_names.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2a", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.4" ], "rationale": "Resolve a cited grammar or dictionary row (including non-Daka citation sources if applicable), with exact wording and stable source locator." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Paninnguaq", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "notes": [ "Unattested as an Oqaasileriffik/Katersat/Oqaatsit personal-name headword. Kept as its own stem so the string is a given name, not only the live composition panik+N_nnguaq_N (same motive as Naja versus najak). Morphology follows that affix and Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.4: weak aq-stem, declension_class up, {aq} elides before a vowel-initial ending (paninnguup, paninnguit, paninnguamik). inflection_sandhi is left unset, as on N_nnguaq_N: Bjornum's and Nielsen's tables show the same aq-loss in grammatical and oblique cases, so calling it irregular would overclaim. Bjornum2012:K4§2a also has paninnguaq lille datter / paninnguat hans lille datter. non_greenlandic_lineage is empty because §2 presents the name as Greenlandic and states no European relative. The census-string strip to Pani in reference/names/ is not this etymology." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sweet, little daughter", "da": "en kær lille datter", "da_short": "kær lille datter", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "up", "strength": "weak" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Paradigm is Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.4's paninnguaq example of {÷nnguaq}, independently Bjornum2012:K9§6 (from panik) and K4§2a.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Paninnguaq", "natural": "sweet, little daughter (absolutive singular; girl's given name)" }, { "surface": "paninnguup", "natural": "little daughter's (ergative/relative singular; aq drops)" }, { "surface": "paninnguit", "natural": "little daughters (absolutive/relative plural)" }, { "surface": "paninnguamik", "natural": "little daughter (instrumental singular)" }, { "surface": "paninnguat", "natural": "his little daughter (Bjornum2012:K4§2a)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Bjornum2012:K4§2a", "Nielsen2012:§4.1.4.1.4" ], "id": "Paninnguaq", "category": "personal_names" } ], "Nuka": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Nuka (given name; homophonous with kinship nuka)", "referent_gender": "both", "name_record": { "homograph_stem_id": "nuka", "census_attestations": [ { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "table": 12, "role": "first_name", "sex": "male", "count": 201, "rank": 20, "rank_source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "oldest_bearer_birth_year": 1934, "youngest_bearer_birth_year": 2010, "as_of": "2011-07-01" }, { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "table": 12, "role": "first_name", "sex": "female", "count": 94, "oldest_bearer_birth_year": 1933, "youngest_bearer_birth_year": 2010, "as_of": "2011-07-01" }, { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§3", "table": 3, "role": "middle_name", "sex": "male", "count": 124, "rank": 42, "as_of": "2011-07-01" }, { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§4", "table": 6, "role": "first_or_middle", "sex": "male", "count": 418, "rank": 38, "as_of": "2011-07-01" } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Nuka", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Unattested as an Oqaasileriffik/Katersat/Oqaatsit personal-name headword. StatisticsGreenland2011 counts Nuka separately for men (first name 201, table 1 rank 20, birth years 1934–2010; middle name 124, table 3 rank 42; first-or-middle pool 418, table 6 rank 38) and for women (first name 94, birth years 1933–2010, not in table 1). referent_gender both is that split, for pronoun choice (issue #801); it is not grammatical gender. homograph_stem_id nuka is the kinship noun (younger same-sex sibling), whose vowel-final declension_class p this host copies (Oqaatsit1997:nuka#e9579, already stems/nouns.yaml:nuka). Do not copy that noun's gloss onto the given name: no source here says the name means younger sibling. Ids differ by case, so this is not a duplicate of nuka." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Nuka (given name)", "da": "Nuka (personnavn)", "da_short": "Nuka", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuka", "natural": "Nuka (absolutive singular; given name, women and men)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§3", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§4", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "Oqaatsit1997:nuka#e9579", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuka#e9031" ], "id": "Nuka", "category": "personal_names" } ], "Nivi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Nivi (girl's given name)", "referent_gender": "female", "name_record": { "census_attestations": [ { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "table": 12, "role": "first_name", "sex": "female", "count": 139, "rank": 27, "rank_source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "oldest_bearer_birth_year": 1962, "youngest_bearer_birth_year": 2010, "as_of": "2011-07-01" } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Nivi", "notes": [ "Unattested as an Oqaasileriffik/Katersat/Oqaatsit personal-name headword. StatisticsGreenland2011:§2 table 1 ranks Nivi 27th among women's first names (139; appendix birth years 1962–2010). No etymology object: the publication does not gloss the name or name a non-Greenlandic relative, so non_greenlandic_lineage is omitted, not stored empty. Ordinary vowel-final proper-name host (Nivip / Nivimik / Nivimi)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Nivi (girl's given name)", "da": "Nivi (pigenavn)", "da_short": "Nivi", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Nivi", "natural": "Nivi (absolutive singular; girl's given name)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11" ], "id": "Nivi", "category": "personal_names" } ], "Ivalu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Ivalu (girl's given name)", "referent_gender": "female", "name_record": { "census_attestations": [ { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "table": 12, "role": "first_name", "sex": "female", "count": 105, "rank": 43, "rank_source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "oldest_bearer_birth_year": 1959, "youngest_bearer_birth_year": 2010, "as_of": "2011-07-01" } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Ivalu", "notes": [ "Unattested as an Oqaasileriffik/Katersat/Oqaatsit personal-name headword. StatisticsGreenland2011:§2 table 1 ranks Ivalu 43rd among women's first names (105; appendix birth years 1959–2010). No etymology object and no non_greenlandic_lineage: unknown, not a positive 'no European relative' claim. Ordinary vowel-final proper-name host (Ivalup / Ivalumik / Ivalumi)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Ivalu (girl's given name)", "da": "Ivalu (pigenavn)", "da_short": "Ivalu", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Ivalu", "natural": "Ivalu (absolutive singular; girl's given name)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11" ], "id": "Ivalu", "category": "personal_names" } ], "Ivaana": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Ivaana (girl's given name)", "referent_gender": "female", "name_record": { "census_attestations": [ { "source": "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11", "table": 12, "role": "first_name", "sex": "female", "count": 59, "oldest_bearer_birth_year": 1990, "youngest_bearer_birth_year": 2010, "as_of": "2011-07-01" } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Ivaana", "notes": [ "Unattested as an Oqaasileriffik/Katersat/Oqaatsit personal-name headword. StatisticsGreenland2011 appendix table 12: 59 women, birth years 1990–2010, so no table 1 rank. Table 2 (section 2) ranks Ivaana 1st among girls born 2001–2010, with 52 living bearers; that decade cell is in the census JSON, not repeated as a second count here. No etymology object and no non_greenlandic_lineage. Ordinary vowel-final proper-name host (Ivaanap / Ivaanamik / Ivaanami)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Ivaana (girl's given name)", "da": "Ivaana (pigenavn)", "da_short": "Ivaana", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Ivaana", "natural": "Ivaana (absolutive singular; girl's given name)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "StatisticsGreenland2011:§2", "StatisticsGreenland2011:§11" ], "id": "Ivaana", "category": "personal_names" } ], "Aasiaat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Aasiaat (town in West Greenland)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Aasiaat", "notes": [ "Confirmed as a dictionary headword tagged proper_noun (Oqaasileriffik-dicts by-letter/a.json, id A_Gloss_2512), cited here as-is.", "Aasiaat's relation to aasiak ('spider', katersat lex_18804, /k/-final — a real, independently attested word, distinct from a PR review's earlier unsourced 'aasiaq' /q/-final spelling) is confirmed correct by the repo owner. Left underlying_form as the plain dictionary citation form 'Aasiaat' rather than remodeling this entry around 'aasiak' as the base stem, since the /k/-final-stem -> plural-town-name declension pattern itself (i.e. exactly how 'aasiak' inflects to 'Aasiaat') is not yet independently sourced here. A future entry could model that explicitly once that pattern is; for now this note records the confirmed relation without asserting unverified declension mechanics.", "No further-derivation example included; if attaching N_miu_N ('inhabitant of N') to a town name derived this way, note that its own note already covers only the /k/-final case (verified via Nuuk -> Nuummiu-), which aasiak/Aasiaat's /k/-final shape fits." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Aasiaat (town in West Greenland)", "da": "Aasiaat (by i Vestgrønland)", "da_short": "Aasiaat", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:Aasiaat", "Oqaatsit1997:Aasiaat#e321" ], "id": "Aasiaat", "category": "place_names" } ], "Ivittuut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Ivittuut (former mining town, South Greenland)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:Ivittuut:c5ef2f9e8144", "items": [ { "text": "Ivittuut (former mining town, South Greenland)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/place_names.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:Ivittuut", "Oqaatsit1997:Ivittuut#e5519" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Ivittuut", "notes": [ "Confirmed as a dictionary headword tagged proper_noun (Oqaasileriffik-dicts all_entries.json, id I_Sheet1_845), cited here as-is, same minimal citation-form treatment as this file's Aasiaat entry — no independent declension pattern modeled." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Ivittuut (former mining town, South Greenland)", "da": "Ivittuut (tidligere mineby, Sydgrønland)", "da_short": "Ivittuut", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:Ivittuut", "Oqaatsit1997:Ivittuut#e5519" ], "id": "Ivittuut", "category": "place_names" } ], "Itilleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Itilleq (settlement, Greenland)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:Itilleq:56a0f23093b8", "items": [ { "text": "Itilleq (settlement, Greenland)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/place_names.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:Itilleq#e5282", "Oqaatsit1997:Itilleq#e5428" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Itilleq", "notes": [ "Confirmed as a dictionary headword tagged proper_noun (Oqaasileriffik-dicts all_entries.json, id I_Sheet1_2028), cited here as-is, same minimal citation-form treatment as this file's Aasiaat entry — no independent declension pattern modeled." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Itilleq (settlement, Greenland)", "da": "Itilleq (bygd i Grønland)", "da_short": "Itilleq", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:Itilleq#e5282", "Oqaatsit1997:Itilleq#e5428" ], "id": "Itilleq", "category": "place_names" } ], "Taseralik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Taseralik (place name, Greenland)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:Taseralik:c81aef129756", "items": [ { "text": "Taseralik (place name, Greenland)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/place_names.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:Taseralik", "Oqaatsit1997:Taseralik#e16512" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Taseralik", "notes": [ "Confirmed as a dictionary headword tagged proper_noun (Oqaasileriffik-dicts all_entries.json, id T_Sheet1_474), cited here as-is, same minimal citation-form treatment as this file's Aasiaat entry — no independent declension pattern modeled." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Taseralik (place name, Greenland)", "da": "Taseralik (stednavn i Grønland)", "da_short": "Taseralik", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:Taseralik", "Oqaatsit1997:Taseralik#e16512" ], "id": "Taseralik", "category": "place_names" } ], "Qilakitsoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Qilakitsoq (place name, NW Greenland; etymologically qilak + N_kit_Vb + V_soq_N)", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:Qilakitsoq:62ba3b053cac", "items": [ { "text": "Qilakitsoq (place name, NW Greenland; etymologically qilak + N_kit_Vb + V_soq_N)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/place_names.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Katersat:lex_26365" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Qilakitsoq", "notes": [ "Katersat place headword (lex_26365, semantic class L) with FST analyses qilak+KIP+TUQ+Abs and qilakitsoq+N+Abs. Kept as a lexicalised proper noun (same citation-form treatment as Aasiaat/Itilleq) so -miu can attach without requiring live composition of the kit+soq chain first.", "Noun q-stem (uvular_deleting_stem; …soq). With assimilative m-initial continuers, /q/+/m/ -> [rm] (general JOIN_ASSIMILATIVE uvular half; see N_miu_N): Qilakitsoq + -miu -> qilakitsormiu." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Qilakitsoq (place name, NW Greenland; etymologically qilak + N_kit_Vb + V_soq_N)", "da": "Qilakitsoq (stednavn)", "da_short": "Qilakitsoq", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "The ethnonym surface qilakitsormiu (\"inhabitant of Qilakitsoq\") is also attested as an artwork title: Eriagisaq, \"Qilakitsormiu\" (carved sperm-whale tooth), Facebook post 2026-09-19 — https://www.facebook.com/share/1DpFgMScdh/ — cultural attestation of the form, not a morphological source.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qilakitsormiu", "natural": "inhabitant of Qilakitsoq (Qilakitsoq + N_miu_N; uvular assimilative half; also artwork title — see pedagogy.note)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Katersat:lex_26365" ], "id": "Qilakitsoq", "category": "place_names" } ], "Nuuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Nuuk (capital of Greenland; Dan. Godthåb)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Nuuk", "notes": [ "Proper-noun citation form (Oqaatsit1997:Nuuk#e9813; Katersat lex_167106 Nuuk+Sem/Geo+Prop). Distinct from common-noun nuuk 'headland' already in stems/nouns.yaml — capital-N id keeps the town separate (same split that nouns.yaml:nuuk's own comment anticipates).", "Velar k-stem town name; Nuummiu- inhabitant pattern is independently noted on N_miu_N. Issue #746 place-name path exemplar (Ataarneq/Ataarummi unattested in mirrors)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Nuuk (capital of Greenland)", "da": "Nuuk (hovedstad; Godthåb)", "da_short": "Nuuk", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_retaining_stem", "declension_class": "up" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuuk", "natural": "Nuuk (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "Nuummi", "natural": "in Nuuk (locative; assimilative m-join on k-stem)", "natural_da": "i Nuuk" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:Nuuk#e9813", "Katersat:lex_167106" ], "id": "Nuuk", "category": "place_names" } ], "Sisimiut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Sisimiut (town; Dan. Holsteinsborg)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Sisimiut", "notes": [ "Confirmed place headword (Oqaatsit1997; Katersat lex_166318 Sisimiut+Sem/Geo+Prop+Abs+Pl). Citation-form treatment parallel to Aasiaat; FST analyses the surface as Abs.pl — recorded, not remodeled.", "Intentional: no morphology_class (same Aasiaat-style citation-form host). Distinct from Nuuk/Qaqortoq/Maniitsoq which carry stem_type for productive locative sandhi. Next town batch: do not thrash by inventing stem_type here unless Abs.sg underlying is separately sourced (Counterbot soft on #750)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Sisimiut (town)", "da": "Sisimiut (by; Holsteinsborg)", "da_short": "Sisimiut", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:Sisimiut#e15191", "Katersat:lex_166318" ], "id": "Sisimiut", "category": "place_names" } ], "Ilulissat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Ilulissat (town; Dan. Jakobshavn)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Ilulissat", "notes": [ "Confirmed place headword (Oqaatsit1997; Katersat lex_131326 / lex_259483). FST Abs+Pl town name; citation-form treatment parallel to Aasiaat/Sisimiut.", "Intentional: no morphology_class (Aasiaat-style citation form). See Sisimiut note — Counterbot soft on #750." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Ilulissat (town)", "da": "Ilulissat (by; Jakobshavn)", "da_short": "Ilulissat", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:Ilulissat#e4256", "Katersat:lex_131326", "Katersat:lex_259483" ], "id": "Ilulissat", "category": "place_names" } ], "Qaqortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Qaqortoq (town; Dan. Julianehåb)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Qaqortoq", "notes": [ "Katersat place headword (lex_131344 Qaqortoq+Sem/Geo+Prop+Abs+Sg). Distinct from common qaqortoq 'white' (lex_25607). Noun q-stem; locative Qaqortummi via uvular assimilative m-join." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Qaqortoq (town)", "da": "Qaqortoq (by; Julianehåb)", "da_short": "Qaqortoq", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "Qaqortoq", "natural": "Qaqortoq (absolutive singular)" }, { "surface": "Qaqortummi", "natural": "in Qaqortoq (locative; uvular assimilative m-join)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Katersat:lex_131344", "Katersat:lex_259875" ], "id": "Qaqortoq", "category": "place_names" } ], "Maniitsoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "Maniitsoq (town; Dan. Sukkertoppen)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "Maniitsoq", "notes": [ "Confirmed place headword (Oqaatsit1997; Oqaasileriffik e6988; Katersat lex_142237). Noun q-stem; citation-form treatment parallel to Qaqortoq/Qilakitsoq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "Maniitsoq (town)", "da": "Maniitsoq (by; Sukkertoppen)", "da_short": "Maniitsoq", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_deleting_stem", "declension_class": "p" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:Maniitsoq#e6988", "Oqaatsit1997:Maniitsoq#e7379", "Katersat:lex_142237" ], "id": "Maniitsoq", "category": "place_names" } ], "nalu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "does not know someone/something", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalu", "search_forms": [ "naluaa", "naluara" ], "notes": [ "AITWG §12.1 explicitly identifies the bound verbal root and the agent/patient frame: agent does not know patient. SchultzLorentzen naluaa #e11256 independently supports negative knowledge. Its broader inability/understanding readings are not generalized here.", "AITWG §16.5 line 267 instead glosses the unnegated base knows, then adds negation to yield knows. This conflicts with §12.1 and the historical verbal rows; preserve the conflict rather than assigning positive knowledge to this unnegated root.", "The exact nalu dictionary rows #e11191 are the noun ignorance, not verbal admission evidence. Existing literal corpus mentions were not an implemented root ID. No nominal homograph or unsupported morphology class is admitted.", "The positive knowledge examples contain V_ngngit_Vb negation of this inherently negative base; their source-specific documentary chains do not establish new unrestricted sound rules." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "does not know ___", "source": "hand" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nalu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naluaa", "natural": "he/she does not know him/her/it" }, { "surface": "naluara", "natural": "I do not know it" }, { "surface": "nalunngilaa", "natural": "he/she knows him/her/it (negated negative-knowledge base)" }, { "surface": "nalunngilakka", "natural": "I know them" }, { "surface": "nalunngilaannga", "natural": "they know me" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§12.1", "AITWG:§14.8", "AITWG:§16.5", "SchultzLorentzen1926:naluaa#e11256", "SchultzLorentzen1927:naluaa#e11256", "WordList2018:know* I don‘t know#e1973" ], "id": "nalu", "category": "pronoun_verbs" } ], "nammineer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "acts independently; does something without help", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalminəvq", "vowel_copy_positions": [ 7 ], "search_forms": [ "nammineerpoq", "nammineer" ], "notes": [ "AITWG §16.2 explicitly prints the verbal phonemic form nalminəvq in the nammineerneq analysis and describes derivation from nammineq by lengthening the last vowel. Preserve the printed notation; do not silently substitute a guessed invariant stem, assign a ghost-stem class or infer unrestricted vowel-lengthening rules. AITWG §13.6 explicitly defines v as a vowel-copying placeholder, consistent with the stated lengthening. This notation explanation does not make the bare noun an oblique-case host.", "The modern English dictionary explicitly labels nammineerpoq intransitive. The English wording does it is not evidence for an object slot or a transitive frame. Historical on his own behalf and modern without help are independently cited; no broader valency alternation is inferred.", "AITWG explicitly combines this verbal base with V{nəq}N to form nammineerneq, independence. The exact documentary chain does not claim computed sandhi or a general derivational rule beyond the cited existing nominalizer." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "acts independently; does something without help", "en_short": "acts independently", "source": "hand" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nammineer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nammineerpoq", "natural": "he/she acts independently; without help" }, { "surface": "nammineerneq", "natural": "independence" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.2", "AITWG:§13.6", "Oqaatsit1997:nammineerpoq#e8661", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nammineerpoq#e8180", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nammineerpoq#e11399" ], "id": "nammineer", "category": "pronoun_verbs" } ], "uagut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "we; us (first-person plural personal pronoun)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uagut", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.1 Figure 16.1 uses the same grammatical form for absolutive and ergative; this is a personal pronoun in the nominal class, unlike the third-person demonstratives. The citation form does not supply a regular stem for oblique cases.", "The six exact Figure 16.1 prepositional forms are preserved as evidence; no generic ending replacement or unrestricted sound rule is inferred. The exact verbalization uatsinnukarpoq is preserved separately; the uagut citation form is not the ua- oblique stem, so no full chain is forced through ordinary possessum features." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "we; us (first-person plural personal pronoun)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uagut", "natural": "we; us (first-person plural personal pronoun)" }, { "surface": "uatsinnik", "natural": "concerning us" }, { "surface": "uatsinnut", "natural": "to us" }, { "surface": "uatsinnit", "natural": "from us" }, { "surface": "uatsinni", "natural": "at our place" }, { "surface": "uatsigut", "natural": "through us" }, { "surface": "uatsitut", "natural": "like us" }, { "surface": "uatsinnukarpoq", "natural": "he/she goes to us (verbalized personal allative)" }, { "surface": "uagutsinnut", "natural": "to us (colloquial long form; AITWG §16.1 footnote 3)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.1", "Oqaatsit1997:uagut#e17569", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uagut#e16608" ], "id": "uagut", "category": "pronouns" } ], "ilissi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "you (second-person plural personal pronoun)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilissi", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.1 Figure 16.1 uses the same grammatical form for absolutive and ergative; this is a personal pronoun in the nominal class, unlike the third-person demonstratives. The citation form does not supply a regular stem for oblique cases.", "The six exact Figure 16.1 prepositional forms are preserved as evidence; no generic ending replacement or unrestricted sound rule is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "you (second-person plural personal pronoun)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilissi", "natural": "you (second-person plural personal pronoun)" }, { "surface": "ilissinnik", "natural": "concerning you (plural)" }, { "surface": "ilissinnut", "natural": "to you (plural)" }, { "surface": "ilissinnit", "natural": "from you (plural)" }, { "surface": "ilissinni", "natural": "at your place (plural)" }, { "surface": "ilissigut", "natural": "through you (plural)" }, { "surface": "ilissisut", "natural": "like you (plural)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.1", "Oqaatsit1997:ilissi#e4028", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilissi#e3911" ], "id": "ilissi", "category": "pronouns" } ], "nammineq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "self; own; independently (emphasizes the subject or possessor)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalminəq", "search_forms": [ "nammineq" ], "notes": [ "AITWG §16.2 explicitly identifies the phonemic noun and its strong-q class. It emphasizes the subject or possessor, never object emphasis; it may also modify a noun impersonally.", "For subject emphasis the citation form does not distinguish absolutive and ergative. The older nammern(g)up and nammern(g)it metathesis forms are historical evidence, not a freely inferred modern paradigm. Kleinschmidt likewise distinguishes invariant emphasis from rarer inflected use." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "self; own; independently", "en_short": "self", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_weakening_stem", "strength": "strong" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nammineq", "natural": "self; own" }, { "surface": "namminermut", "natural": "own/self (allative singular attributive form)" }, { "surface": "namminernut", "natural": "own/self (allative plural attributive form)" }, { "surface": "namminerminit", "natural": "from himself (reflexively possessed)" }, { "surface": "namminerminnut", "natural": "to themselves (reflexively possessed)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.2", "Oqaatsit1997:nammineq#e8662", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nammineq#e8181", "Kleinschmidt1871:nammineq#e5679" ], "id": "nammineq", "category": "pronouns" } ], "sorleq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "which one of them (choice among alternatives)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "suqliq", "search_forms": [ "sorleq" ], "notes": [ "AITWG §16.4 explicitly gives suqliq and calls this a pseudo-q stem. The proposed derivation with N{(q)liq}N is marked seemingly in the source; preserve that uncertainty rather than claiming a fully productive composition.", "No new pseudo-q enum, unrestricted nominal comparison rule or uncited inflected form is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "which one of them", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sorleq", "natural": "which one of them?" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.4", "Oqaatsit1997:sorleq#e15433", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sorleq#e14506", "Kleinschmidt1871:sorleq#e8093" ], "id": "sorleq", "category": "pronouns" } ], "tamaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "semantic_tags": [ "quantitative" ], "meaning": "all; whole (bound quantitative nominal root)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tamaq", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "QUANT_1SG": "tamarma", "QUANT_2SG": "tamarpit", "QUANT_3SG_OBJ": "tamaat", "QUANT_3SG_SUBJ": "tamarmi", "QUANT_1PL": "tamatta", "QUANT_2PL": "tamassi", "QUANT_3PL_OBJ": "tamaasa", "QUANT_3PL_SUBJ": "tamarmik" }, "notes": [ "Exact complete root-and-ending realizations encode only the cited finite paradigm cells. They do not license ordinary declension, unsourced cells, or a general sound change. Unmapped joins retain irregularity.", "AITWG §16.5 explicitly identifies this bound nominal root and Figure 16.4 supplies its special quantitative paradigm. These are not ordinary case forms or freely standing citation words.", "AITWG distinguishes subject from object in argument use; third-person mi/mək forms are subject forms regardless of verbal transitivity, and at/itə forms are object forms. This does not exhaust their syntactic functions. Nielsen §4.1.5.1 also permits mi/mək in possessor function and at/itə in adverbial expressions; first/second persons can serve as subject, object, possessor or part of an adverbial constituent.", "The source contrasts third-plural itə with ordinary atə. No ordinary ergative/possessor feature assignment, new case enum, unrestricted ending map or computed sandhi is inferred. Exact forms below preserve the source paradigm; dedicated scoped ending contexts have exact source-table realizations; general computed phonology remains unverified.", "Kleinschmidt tamaq #e8487 contrasts a whole consisting of parts with iluunngaq as a whole unit. AITWG supplies the role restriction used here; SchultzLorentzen1927:tamaasa#e17288 translates they all, which must not erase the primary-source object-only distinction within subject/object argument use.", "AITWG §16.5 attests tamatsinnit and tamassinnut as quantitative prepositional extensions. Its footnote separately lists lexicalized tamanut, tamani and tamanit with pure case markers. Exact examples do not license a full ordinary declension or transfer these forms to kisi." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "all; whole", "en_short": "all", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inuit tamarmik inuunerat", "natural": "all people's lives" }, { "surface": "tamatta perput", "natural": "the property of us all" }, { "surface": "ukioq tamaat", "natural": "all year round" }, { "surface": "aqqutaa tamaat", "natural": "all the way" }, { "surface": "ullut tamaasa", "natural": "every day" }, { "surface": "tamatsinnut", "natural": "to all of us" }, { "surface": "tamatsinnit", "natural": "from all of us" }, { "surface": "tamassinnut", "natural": "to all of you (plural)" }, { "surface": "tamanut", "natural": "to everyone (lexicalized)" }, { "surface": "tamani", "natural": "everywhere (lexicalized)" }, { "surface": "tamanit", "natural": "from everyone (lexicalized)" }, { "surface": "tamarma", "natural": "I/me as a whole" }, { "surface": "tamarpit", "natural": "you as a whole (singular)" }, { "surface": "tamatta", "natural": "we/us all" }, { "surface": "tamassi", "natural": "you all (plural)" }, { "surface": "tamaat", "natural": "all of him/her/it (object form in subject/object contrast)" }, { "surface": "tamarmi", "natural": "he/she/it as a whole (subject form in subject/object contrast)" }, { "surface": "tamaasa", "natural": "them all (object form in subject/object contrast)" }, { "surface": "tamarmik", "natural": "they all (subject form in subject/object contrast)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tamani#e15275", "SchultzLorentzen1927:tamanit#e17292", "Nielsen2021:§4.1.5.1", "AITWG:§16.5", "Kleinschmidt1871:tamaq#e8487", "Oqaatsit1997:tamaq#e16275" ], "id": "tamaq", "category": "pronouns" } ], "iluunngaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "semantic_tags": [ "quantitative" ], "meaning": "the whole; entirety (quantitative nominal root)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iluunngaq", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "Nielsen §4.1.5.1 independently identifies iluunngaq as the rarer inclusive quantitative pronoun beside tamaq. Kleinschmidt iluunngaq row e2226 describes personal-suffix use analogous to kisi and tamaq and attests iluunngarmi. The citation spelling here is a lexical identifier, not a reconstructed phonemic invariant or free noun form.", "Exact dictionary rows establish the whole/entirety sense. Kleinschmidt says it is shortened from iluinngaq; this historical statement does not establish a productive derivation or identify the base of a guessed ŋŋaq chain.", "No full inflection map, computed stem alternation or ordinary case/possession paradigm is inferred. The quantitative host tag records the independently attested class; exact further forms require source review." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the whole; entirety", "en_short": "the whole", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iluunngarmi", "natural": "he/she/it as a whole" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2021:§4.1.5.1", "Kleinschmidt1871:iluunngaq#e2226", "Ordbogi1977:iluunngaq#e2206", "Oqaatsit1997:iluunngaq#e4311", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iluunngaq#e4191" ], "id": "iluunngaq", "category": "pronouns" } ], "kisi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "semantic_tags": [ "quantitative" ], "meaning": "alone; only (bound quantitative nominal root)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kəsi", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "QUANT_1SG": "kisima", "QUANT_2SG": "kisivit", "QUANT_3SG_OBJ": "kisiat", "QUANT_3SG_SUBJ": "kisimi", "QUANT_1PL": "kisitta", "QUANT_2PL": "kisissi", "QUANT_3PL_OBJ": "kisiisa", "QUANT_3PL_SUBJ": "kisimik" }, "notes": [ "Exact complete root-and-ending realizations encode only the cited finite paradigm cells. They do not license ordinary declension, unsourced cells, or a general sound change. Unmapped joins retain irregularity.", "AITWG §16.5 explicitly identifies this bound nominal root and Figure 16.4 supplies its special quantitative paradigm. These are not ordinary case forms or freely standing citation words.", "AITWG distinguishes subject from object in argument use; third-person mi/mək forms are subject forms regardless of verbal transitivity, and at/itə forms are object forms. This does not exhaust their syntactic functions. Nielsen §4.1.5.1 also permits mi/mək in possessor function and at/itə in adverbial expressions; first/second persons can serve as subject, object, possessor or part of an adverbial constituent.", "The source contrasts third-plural itə with ordinary atə. No ordinary ergative/possessor feature assignment, new case enum, unrestricted ending map or computed sandhi is inferred. Exact forms below preserve the source paradigm; dedicated scoped ending contexts have exact source-table realizations; general computed phonology remains unverified.", "Kleinschmidt kisimi #e4584 independently lists all eight forms, including older alternate kisissa beside kisitta. The modern kisimi dictionary head is an inflected subject form, not evidence that the root is a free noun kisimi. Its attention-seeking idiom and the conjunction homograph kisiat are separate senses.", "Nielsen §4.1.5.1 restricts modern oblique kisi forms to first/second persons in allative, locative and ablative. Other persons/cases use separate kisianni, as in taassumunnga kisianni and uattut kisianni. Historical third-plural instrumental kisinnik is not a modern productive paradigm license." ], "search_forms": [ "kisi", "kisimi" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "alone; only", "en_short": "alone", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kisinnut", "natural": "only to me" }, { "surface": "taassumunnga kisianni", "natural": "only to him/her" }, { "surface": "uattut kisianni", "natural": "only like me" }, { "surface": "kisima", "natural": "I/me alone; only me" }, { "surface": "kisivit", "natural": "you alone; only you (singular)" }, { "surface": "kisitta", "natural": "we/us alone; only us" }, { "surface": "kisissi", "natural": "you alone; only you (plural)" }, { "surface": "kisiat", "natural": "only him/her/it (object form in subject/object contrast)" }, { "surface": "kisimi", "natural": "he/she/it alone (subject form in subject/object contrast)" }, { "surface": "kisiisa", "natural": "them alone (object form in subject/object contrast)" }, { "surface": "kisimik", "natural": "they alone (subject form in subject/object contrast)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2021:§4.1.5.1", "AITWG:§16.5", "Kleinschmidt1871:kisimi#e4584", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kisimi#e6300" ], "id": "kisi", "category": "pronouns" } ], "il_reflexive": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "semantic_tags": [ "reflexive" ], "meaning": "self; selves (bound reflexive/reciprocal nominal root)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "əl", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "special_ending_realizations": { "RFL_INS_SG": "imminik", "RFL_INS_PL": "imminnik", "RFL_ALL_SG": "imminut", "RFL_ALL_PL": "imminnut", "RFL_ABL_SG": "imminit", "RFL_ABL_PL": "imminnit", "RFL_LOC_SG": "immini", "RFL_LOC_PL": "imminni", "RFL_VIA_SG": "immikkut", "RFL_VIA_PL": "immikkut", "RFL_EQU_SG": "immisut", "RFL_EQU_PL": "immittut", "RFL_ALL_1PL_PERSONAL": "immitsinnut", "RFL_ALL_2PL_PERSONAL": "immissinnut" }, "notes": [ "Exact complete root-and-ending realizations encode only the cited finite paradigm cells. They do not license ordinary declension, unsourced cells, or a general sound change. Unmapped joins retain irregularity.", "AITWG §16.3 identifies the ancient bound morpheme əl. The ordinary modern paradigm uses fourth-person possessive prepositional markers, but here mi/mək distinguish number only, irrespective of the actual person. This is not a free noun or an unrestricted ordinary possessed-noun paradigm.", "Figure 16.2 supplies twelve cells with eleven distinct spellings, since singular and plural vialis both read immikkut. The source explicitly calls kkut irregular in place of gut and gives no explanation; do not infer a global sound change. Exact forms are retained as pedagogy; dedicated scoped ending contexts have exact source-table realizations; general computed phonology remains unverified.", "The composed bases əlmi and əlmək are not independent atomic root admissions. Generic ending possessor/coreference and possessum-number features are not asserted for this construction.", "Imminut can emphasize the reflexive reading of patient-preserving verbs with intransitive endings regardless of person. Footnote 8 separately reports Bjørnum first/second-person plural possessive markers with a plural verb for reciprocity, e.g. immitsinnut pulaartarpugut, we habitually visit each other. Bjornum2012 K4§5a explicitly also permits reflexive reference and gives immissinnut isumaginiaritsi, look after yourselves. Chapter 16's reciprocal-only generalization is therefore too broad; the two personal allative contexts are recorded separately from the person-neutral mi/mək contexts.", "SchultzLorentzen1927:imminnit#e5320 glosses from myself, whereas AITWG explicitly assigns imminnit plural reference and imminit singular reference. Preserve the disagreement rather than silently replacing the primary paradigm.", "AITWG §16.3 explicitly verbalizes the shared singular/plural vialis form immikkut as immikkoorpoq, is separate or isolated. §13.6 supplies the general case-verbalizer, but the dictionary meaning is lexicalized rather than simply moves along oneself. The verb does not independently select either vialis-number analysis; no unique chain or broader transitive paradigm is asserted here." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "self; selves; each other", "en_short": "self", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immitsinnut", "natural": "to ourselves; each other (first-person plural personal allative)" }, { "surface": "immissinnut", "natural": "to yourselves; each other (second-person plural personal allative)" }, { "surface": "immikkoorpoq", "natural": "he/she is separate; isolated (lexicalized verbalization of immikkut)" }, { "surface": "imminik", "natural": "by/of oneself (singular; any person)" }, { "surface": "imminnik", "natural": "by/of ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other" }, { "surface": "imminut", "natural": "to oneself (singular; any person); emphasizes reflexive use" }, { "surface": "imminnut", "natural": "to ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other" }, { "surface": "imminit", "natural": "from oneself (singular; any person)" }, { "surface": "imminnit", "natural": "from ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other" }, { "surface": "immini", "natural": "at oneself; at home (singular; any person)" }, { "surface": "imminni", "natural": "at ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other" }, { "surface": "immikkut", "natural": "separately (same vialis spelling for singular and plural)" }, { "surface": "immisut", "natural": "as oneself (singular; any person)" }, { "surface": "immittut", "natural": "as ourselves/yourselves/themselves; each other" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§5a", "AITWG:§13.6", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immikkoorpoq#e4324", "AITWG:§16.3", "Oqaatsit1997:imminut#e4471", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:imminut#e4349", "Oqaatsit1997:immikkut#e4460", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immikkut#e4337", "SchultzLorentzen1927:imminnit#e5320" ], "id": "il_reflexive", "category": "pronouns" } ], "immikkoortoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "chapter; section; part" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "immikkoortoq", "notes": [ "Whole dictionary-listed lexicalized noun; AITWG §16.3 relates it to immikkoorpoq but this entry does not claim historical atomicity, an invariant derived stem or an unrestricted composition rule. No declension or stem-strength class is inferred from the citation word." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "chapter; section; part", "en_short": "chapter", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immikkoortoq", "natural": "chapter; section; part" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3", "Oqaatsit1997:immikkoortoq#e4454", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immikkoortoq#e4331" ], "id": "immikkoortoq", "category": "pronouns" } ], "immikkoortoqarfik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "department (organizational division)" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "immikkoortoqarfik", "notes": [ "Whole dictionary-listed lexicalized noun; AITWG §16.3 relates it to immikkoorpoq but this entry does not claim historical atomicity, an invariant derived stem or an unrestricted composition rule. No declension or stem-strength class is inferred from the citation word.", "AITWG explicitly contrasts department with the misleading compositional interpretation a place with chapters. The Oqaatsit personnel-department example and English nominal department sense independently support the lexical meaning." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "department (organizational division)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "immikkoortoqarfik", "natural": "department (organizational division)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3", "Oqaatsit1997:immikkoortoqarfik#e4455", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:immikkoortoqarfik#e4332" ], "id": "immikkoortoqarfik", "category": "pronouns" } ], "avannaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "north wind; the northern part or region relative to something" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "avannaq", "notes": [ "Oqaatsit and the English dictionary independently attest the noun north wind. Kleinschmidt explicitly distinguishes that sense from the possessed spatial northern-part/north-of sense, illustrated by avannaa and avannaani. Do not equate the noun with the directional demonstrative root av.", "AITWG §15.2 footnote 1 identifies avannaq among spatial nouns for true geographical directions. No general stem-class or unattested declension rule is inferred from this citation.", "Modern paired avannaani rows attest north of it/to the north beside the independently described possessed spatial use. Do not collapse north wind avannaq, possessed avannaani and unpossessed directional avannamut, or equate avannaani with the demonstrative root av. No new declension class follows from these word pins." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "north wind; northern part", "en_short": "north wind", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "avannaq", "natural": "north wind" }, { "surface": "avannaani", "natural": "north of it; on its northern side (Kleinschmidt’s possessed spatial use)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:avannaq#e2558", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avannaq#e2502", "Kleinschmidt1871:avannaq#e1478", "AITWG:§15.2", "Oqaatsit1997:avannaani#e2555", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avannaani#e2499" ], "id": "avannaq", "category": "spatial_nouns" } ], "kangi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "area east of a reference place; its eastern or inland region" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaŋi", "search_forms": [ "kangi", "kangia", "kangiani" ], "notes": [ "AITWG explicitly gives this phonemic spatial noun root. The historical dictionary headword supplies the stable ID; owned and locative modern dictionary forms are inflected evidence, not additional atomic roots. No free-standing absolutive form, general stem class or productive sandhi rule is inferred.", "Kleinschmidt describes the region further inland: east/northeast on the west coast, west on the east coast and in Labrador. His body-attachment and gun-breech senses are separate from the geographic sense modeled here. Oqaatsit kangia#e5926 is a body-part homograph; both English kangia rows instead give the geographic sense." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "area east of a reference place; its eastern or inland region", "en_short": "area east of a reference place", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kangia", "natural": "area east of a reference place; its eastern or inland region (possessed spatial form)" }, { "surface": "kangiani", "natural": "east of it" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.2", "AITWG:§8.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:kangi#e4222", "Oqaatsit1997:kangia#e5925", "Oqaatsit1997:kangiani#e5927", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kangia#e5684", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kangiani#e5686" ], "id": "kangi", "category": "spatial_nouns" } ], "kit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "area west of a reference place; its western or outer-coast region" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kətə", "search_forms": [ "kit", "kitaa", "kitaani" ], "notes": [ "AITWG explicitly gives this phonemic spatial noun root. The historical dictionary headword supplies the stable ID; owned and locative modern dictionary forms are inflected evidence, not additional atomic roots. No free-standing absolutive form, general stem class or productive sandhi rule is inferred.", "Kleinschmidt describes the outer/coastal region: west/southwest on the west coast, east on the east coast and in Labrador. Capitalized Kitaa is the proper name West Greenland, not this spatial root. Danish kit meaning putty is an unrelated reverse-lookup homograph." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "area west of a reference place; its western or outer-coast region", "en_short": "area west of a reference place", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kitaa", "natural": "area west of a reference place; its western or outer-coast region (possessed spatial form)" }, { "surface": "kitaani", "natural": "west of it" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.2", "AITWG:§8.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:kit#e4604", "Oqaatsit1997:kitaa#e6627", "Oqaatsit1997:kitaani#e6629", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kitaa#e6350", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kitaani#e6352" ], "id": "kit", "category": "spatial_nouns" } ], "kujat": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "N", "meaning": "area south of a reference place; its southern region" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "N_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kujatə", "search_forms": [ "kujat", "kujataa", "kujataani" ], "notes": [ "AITWG explicitly gives this phonemic spatial noun root. The historical dictionary headword supplies the stable ID; owned and locative modern dictionary forms are inflected evidence, not additional atomic roots. No free-standing absolutive form, general stem class or productive sandhi rule is inferred.", "Kleinschmidt distinguishes true geographic south from the side to the left when facing the open sea (south on the west coast, north on the east coast); historical derived forms can carry both senses. Modern geographic dictionary rows corroborate the south-of sense. Capitalized Kujataa is the proper name South Greenland, not this spatial root." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "area south of a reference place; its southern region", "en_short": "area south of a reference place", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kujataa", "natural": "area south of a reference place; its southern region (possessed spatial form)" }, { "surface": "kujataani", "natural": "south of it" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§15.2", "AITWG:§8.2", "Kleinschmidt1871:kujat#e4697", "Oqaatsit1997:kujataa#e6789", "Oqaatsit1997:kujataani#e6791", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kujataa#e6511", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kujataani#e6513" ], "id": "kujat", "category": "spatial_nouns" } ], "neri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to eat", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "neri", "notes": [ "AITWG:§9.2–§9.3, pp.177–180 and 183, directly contrasts nerivaa (he eats it) with nerivoq (he eats): this stem forms the antipassive without an explicit HTR. The patient can be expressed as an indefinite instrumental noun phrase, Piitaq kaagimik nerivoq. This is evidence for the eating sense; it does not imply that all divalent stems accept an intransitive ending with the same role preservation." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "neri", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to eat", "da": "at spise", "da_short": "at spise", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "eat", "da_verb_phrase": "spiser" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nerivoq", "natural": "He eats / He is eating." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:207", "AITWG:§9.2" ], "id": "neri", "category": "verbs" } ], "takorannaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be happy to see something beautiful; be pleased to see something", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "takorannaar", "notes": [ "Transitive *takorannaraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e17170 \"finder ham (el. det) køn at se på\"; 1927 \"finds him (or it) pretty to look at\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic takorannare. Do not mint takorannare.", "Keep *takorannaarpaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e17169 \"fryder sig ved at se det\"; 1927 \"is pleased to see it\") distinct from evaluative *takorannaraa*. *takorannaarpaa* is ordinary object-TV of this stem (pleased to see it), not V_gi_Vb. Do not collapse the two.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation takorannaarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "takorannaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takorannaarpoq", "natural": "is happy to see something beautiful (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e15134; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17168)" }, { "surface": "takorannaraa", "natural": "finds it pretty to look at (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17170)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:takorannaarpoq#e16135", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:takorannaarpoq#e15134", "SchultzLorentzen1926:takorannaarpoq#e17168", "SchultzLorentzen1926:takorannaraa#e17170", "Katersat:lex_11181" ], "id": "takorannaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be happy to see something beautiful; be pleased to see something", "en_short": "to be happy to see something beautiful", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be happy to see something beautiful; be pleased to see something" } } ], "taku": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to see", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taku", "notes": [ "MOFO's own V_yuma page cites {taku}V + V{yuma}V as takujumavaa and analyzes /uy/ -> /uj/ (MOFO:vv/yuma), directly confirming the vowel-final host class used by V_yuma_Vb's onset selector." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "taku", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to see", "da": "at se", "da_short": "at se", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "see", "da_verb_phrase": "ser" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takuaa", "natural": "He sees it / He sees him." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:313", "MOFO:vv/yuma" ], "id": "taku", "category": "verbs" } ], "atuarpoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to read; to study; to go to school", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atuar", "notes": [ "The paired modern rows distinguish reads from goes to/is in school; Nielsen explicitly gives both readings for atuarpoq in the infinitive discussion. Preserve citation-stem atuar and stable ID atuarpoq; do not equate it with use/borrow stem atoq or infer new attachment behavior from finite dictionary words." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "atuarpoq", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to read; to study; to go to school", "en_short": "to read; to study; to go to school", "da": "at læse; at studere", "verb_phrase": "read; study; go to school", "da_verb_phrase": "at læse; at studere", "da_short": "at læse", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atuarpoq", "natural": "He reads." }, { "surface": "atuarpoq", "natural": "Goes to/is in school (exact modern English e2412 and Danish e2466)." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Fortescue1984:20", "Oqaatsit1997:atuarpoq#e2465", "Oqaatsit1997:atuarpoq#e2466", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuarpoq#e2412", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atuarpoq#e2413", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.1" ], "id": "atuarpoq", "category": "verbs" } ], "isigi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to look at; to watch", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isigi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "isigi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to look at; to watch", "en_short": "to look at; to watch", "da": "at kigge på; at se på", "verb_phrase": "look at; watch", "da_verb_phrase": "at kigge på; at se på", "da_short": "at kigge på", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§1" ], "id": "isigi", "category": "verbs" } ], "ajoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is bad; is broken; is not OK", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajoq", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ajuq}V; practical orthography lowers stem-final /u/ to [o] adjacent to /q/, directly attested by Nielsen2012's own bare-root interjectional citation 'ajoq, øv!' (§4.3.2) -- the same u->o pattern already used for this repo's toqut entry (kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml).", "Nielsen2012 uses this exact stem as its own canonical illustration of BOTH a bare verbal root (§4.3.1: 'En verbalrod er beskrivende (ajoq, »slem«)...') AND the 'R-stamme' class, where underlying /q/ surfaces as /r/ before every additive ending (§4.3.2: 'R-stammer... fx ajorpoq, det duer ikke... ajoq, øv!') -- definitional corroboration of the stem's existence, meaning and morphology, not incidental use. Also already grounded in this repo's own kalaallisut_data/endings/verb_moods.yaml (AITWG:§14.1/§14.3, the g-rule /qg/=>/r/ example) and used throughout Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes as a stock example word.", "Transitive *ajoraa* (Oqaatsit1997:e487 'kan ikke lide det; synes ikke om det', variant ajorinnippoq) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, with the documented /qg/=>/r/ fusion, not a separate atomic stem ajore. Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1 and Bjornum2012:K9§6 list ajoraa under that affix. A former atomic stem ajore was withdrawn as that composition (issue #516).", "*ajorissaavoq* (Oqaatsit1997:e491 'har en kritisk indstilling') is this stem plus V_gissaa_Vb. The 1951-kal/1967-kal affix articles list ajorissaavoq as a worked example of -gissaavoq/-rissaavoq. A former atomic stem ajorissaa was withdrawn.", "*ajorinngorpoq* is kept as its own stem until a standalone nngor affix is authored. SchultzLorentzen1926 lists the u-grade variant ajorunngorpoq, so that family is this stem plus nngor, not ajore." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajoq", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is bad; is broken; is not OK", "en_short": "is bad; is broken; is not OK", "verb_phrase": "be bad; be broken; be not OK", "da": "er dårlig; er i stykker; er ikke i orden", "da_short": "er dårlig; er i stykker; er ikke i orden", "da_verb_phrase": "er dårlig; er i stykker; er ikke i orden", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ajorpoq", "natural": "It is bad/broken/not OK. (Nielsen2012's own canonical citation form, §4.3.1-4.3.2)" }, { "surface": "ajoq", "natural": "Ugh! Bad! (bare-root interjection, Nielsen2012 §4.3.2)" }, { "surface": "ajunngilaq", "natural": "It is good/OK/working. (negated with V{ŋŋit}V; AITWG-Affixes' own example, already cited in this repo's own V_ngngit_Vb entry)" }, { "surface": "ajoraa", "natural": "He dislikes it; does not think well of it. (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e487)" }, { "surface": "ajorissaavoq", "natural": "He is critical by nature. (this stem + V_gissaa_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e491)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.2", "AITWG-Affixes:p.47", "AITWG:§14.1", "AITWG:§14.3", "Oqaatsit1997:ajorpoq#e504", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajorpoq#e504", "Oqaatsit1997:ajorpoq#e505", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajorpoq#e502" ], "id": "ajoq", "category": "verbs" } ], "ani": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to go out; to exit; to leave", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ani", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {anə}V; word-final /ə/ -> 'i' in the practical orthography, the same pattern already used for this repo's tuni entry (from {tunə}V).", "Nielsen2012 uses 'anivoq, han går ud' as its own canonical example of the 'vowel stem' class (§4.3.2) AND gives it a full dedicated inflectional paradigm titled 'ANIVOQ, HUN GÅR UD' (§4.3.5.5.1) -- textbook-grade, definitional corroboration of the stem's existence and meaning, not an incidental example." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ani", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to go out; to exit; to leave", "en_short": "to go out; to exit; to leave", "da": "at gå ud; at forlade", "verb_phrase": "go out; exit; leave", "da_verb_phrase": "at gå ud; at forlade", "da_short": "at gå ud", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "anivoq", "natural": "He/she goes out. (Nielsen2012's own canonical paradigm-table citation form, §4.3.5.5.1)" }, { "surface": "illumit anivoq", "natural": "He goes out of the house. (MOFO's own example; illumit = ablative of illu, 'house')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§4.3.2", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.5.5.1" ], "id": "ani", "category": "verbs" } ], "allak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to write", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allak", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aŋlak}V; the historical cluster /ŋl/ has merged to [ll] in modern Kalaallisut, directly attested by MOFO's own 'Old orthography' form 'agdlagpâ' (pre-1973 'dl' digraph = modern 'll') versus 'New orthography' allappaa -- a completed sound change reflected directly in the practical spelling ('allak', not a mechanical ŋ->'ng' substitution of the MOFO id), not a live sandhi rule.", "Bjørnum2012 uses 'allappaa (han skrev det)' as its own definitional illustration of the 'Konsonantstamme' (consonant-stem) class, alongside neri-/nerivaa (vowel stem) and atuar-/atuarpaa (R-stem), in the very table that introduces Kalaallisut's basic stem-class system (K3§1) -- genuinely definitional corroboration, not incidental use.", "HOMOGRAPH (distinct lexeme): not the noun stem alla 'another / the other' (nouns.yaml, issue #617). Do not host allanngorpoq / allanngorneq on this write-stem." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "allak", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to write", "da": "at skrive", "en_short": "write", "da_short": "at skrive", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "write", "da_verb_phrase": "skriver" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "allappaa", "natural": "He writes it. (Bjornum2012's own canonical consonant-stem citation form, K3§1)" }, { "surface": "allappoq", "natural": "He writes. (intransitive/antipassive citation form, Bjornum2012 K3§1)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K3§1" ], "id": "allak", "category": "verbs" } ], "angi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is big; is large", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angi", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aŋə}V; word-final /ə/ -> 'i' (same pattern as ani/tuni), ŋ -> 'ng' per this repo's own established ASCII-conversion convention.", "Bjørnum2012 uses 'angivoq (er stor)' as its own definitional illustration of the 'positive degree' in Kalaallisut comparison (K4§4a), with its own dedicated comparison-paradigm table row (angivoq -> angineruvoq/annerruvoq); Nielsen2012 independently uses it as the base form in numerous verbal-gradation affix illustrations throughout §5.3.2-§5.5 (e.g. §5.3.2.1.1: 'angivoq, den er stor; anginaarpaa, han finder den større end ventet'). This exact stem also already underlies {aŋtəgə}V/atsigaaq, this repo's own existing verbs_mofo_derived.yaml entry, whose own notes name {aŋə}V as a constituent.", "Transitive *angigaa* (Oqaatsit1997:e1374) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem angige. A former atomic stem angige was withdrawn as that composition (issue #516)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is big; is large", "en_short": "is big; is large", "verb_phrase": "be big; be large", "da": "er stor", "da_short": "er stor", "da_verb_phrase": "er stor", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angivoq", "natural": "It/he/she is big. (Bjornum2012's own canonical comparison-table citation form, K4§4a)" }, { "surface": "angisooq", "natural": "big (attributive/participial form; Bjornum2012 K4§4a). Note: {aŋə}V + V{ðuq}N is irregularly lexicalised as 'angisoq', a large mammal, rather than 'big one' -- the regular attributive uses V{suuq}N instead (angisooq), per MOFO's own 'Form and usage' note." }, { "surface": "angigaa", "natural": "He thinks it is too big. (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e1374)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K4§4a", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1" ], "id": "angi", "category": "verbs" } ], "naalak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to obey; to listen to; to heed", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naalak", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {naalak}V; /k/+/p/ -> [pp] before the +poq/+paa endings (naalap-poq/-paa), the same regular k-stem assimilation as allak/sinik.", "Bjørnum2012 uses naalappaa/naalappoq as one of its primary example verbs across dozens of full person-number paradigm tables throughout Kapitel 8's inflection-example chapter (K8§1, e.g. Bøjningseksempel 37-38, covering essentially every mood); Nielsen2012 independently attests 'naalappaa, han adlyder ham' (§5.3.2.6.4.1). Textbook-grade corroboration." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naalak", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to obey; to listen to; to heed", "en_short": "to obey", "da": "at adlyde; at lytte til; at rette sig efter", "da_short": "at adlyde", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "obey; listen to; heed", "da_verb_phrase": "adlyder; lytter til; retter sig efter" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naalappaa", "natural": "He obeys/heeds him. (Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.6.4.1; also Bjornum2012's own canonical paradigm citation form, K8§1)" }, { "surface": "imminut naalappoq", "natural": "He is self-willed/self-sufficient, lit. 'he obeys/listens to himself'. (MOFO's own example; imminut = reflexive pronoun)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.4.1", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "naalak", "category": "verbs" } ], "kuuk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "(of water or another liquid) to flow; to run downward; to run along something in an uninterrupted stream", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kuuk", "right_sandhi": "consonant_cluster_assimilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Citation form 'kuuppoq' (not *kuukpoq) shows the same regressive /kp/->[pp] consonant-cluster assimilation (AITWG:§3.9's Definition 3.9) already independently attested for this repo's own sinik entry (verbs_mofo_derived.yaml) -- kuuk + poq -> kuuppoq, not a distinct or lexically-idiosyncratic rule.", "The identical bare-consonant-host behavior surfaces under N_paluk_N/V_paluk_N's own '+(r)paluk' affix (Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5, deverbal_nouns.yaml's own entry): kuuppoq -> kuuppaluk attaches the affix directly with no linking /r/, unlike the vowel-final host qiavoq -> qiarpaluk -- the same k+p assimilation carries through (kuuk + paluk -> kuuppaluk).", "Not modeled as denominal from the homophonous-root noun kangerluk-unrelated stem {kuuk}N ('river'; Bjornum2012:1-lyd-og-skrift.md, 'kuuk elv') -- Kleinschmidt1871 and the Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts mirror both list 'kuuppoq' as its own headword verb, not a derived form, so it is entered here as its own verb stem." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kuuk", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to flow; to run downward (of a liquid)", "en_short": "to flow; to run downward (of a liquid)", "da": "at flyde nedad; at strømme nedad (om vand)", "verb_phrase": "(of water or another liquid) flow; run downward; run along something in an uninterrupted stream", "da_verb_phrase": "at flyde nedad; at strømme nedad (om vand)", "da_short": "at flyde nedad; at strømme nedad", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "avalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kuuppoq", "natural": "It (water) runs down. (citation form; Kleinschmidt1871's own headword)" }, { "surface": "kuuppaluk", "natural": "the sound of running water (Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5's own example, via V_paluk_N)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:kuuppoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kuuppoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.2", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5" ], "id": "kuuk", "category": "verbs" } ], "aallaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to leave; to depart; to set off; to travel; (of a shot) to go off; (of a motor) to start up", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aallaq", "notes": [ "Modern paired rows independently attest departure and inanimate starting-up contexts. They do not independently establish the q-final underlying form or a productive inchoative derivation; keep the grammatical alternation evidence separate.", "Already used, unauthored, as a base verb in this repo's own existing kalaallisut_data/affixes/sentential_affixes.yaml's V_qquq_Vb entry ('aallaqqooqaq, he has apparently left' and 'aallanngeqqooqaaq, he has apparently not left, stacked with negation', both Nielsen2012:§5.4.2). This entry closes that gap by authoring the stem those citations already depend on.", "Same stem_type/morphology as this repo's own ajoq entry (above): a q-final stem whose /q/ surfaces as /r/ before an additive ending (aallaq + -voq -> aallarpoq) but stays /q/ before a truncative affix (aallaq + V_qquq_Vb's -qquq -> aallaqqooqaq) -- the identical alternation pattern, not independently re-derived. Unlike ajoq, no source used here explicitly labels this word an 'R-stamme'; the classification is inferred from the attested alternation itself (aallarpoq vs. aallaqqooqaq/aallanngeqqooqaaq, all independently attested below and in the existing V_qquq_Vb entry), not asserted as a source's own theoretical claim." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aallaq", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to leave; to depart; (of a shot) go off; (of a motor) start", "en_short": "to leave; to depart; (of a shot) go off; (of a motor) start", "da": "at tage af sted; at rejse; (om et skud) at gå af; (om en motor) at starte", "verb_phrase": "leave; depart; set off; travel; (of a shot) go off; (of a motor) start up", "da_verb_phrase": "at tage af sted; at rejse; (om et skud) at gå af; (om en motor) at starte", "da_short": "at tage af sted", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Extremely frequent stock example verb in both Nielsen2012 (used as the base verb in dozens of worked examples across §3, §5.3.2, §5.3.3) and Bjornum2012 (Kapitel 3's own 'overgangsverbum' example table, K3§3, alongside this repo's own ani entry: 'aallarpoq | er rejst', 'anivoq | er gået ud').", "examples": [ { "surface": "aallarpoq", "natural": "He has left / he leaves / he is departing. (Bjornum2012's own citation form, K3§3; also Nielsen2012's own recurring base-verb citation, e.g. §5.3.2)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Bjornum2012:K3§3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2", "Oqaatsit1997:aallarpoq#e128", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallarpoq#e128", "Oqaatsit1997:aallarpoq#e129", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallarpoq#e129" ], "id": "aallaq", "category": "verbs" } ], "pulaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to visit; to go visiting (someone); to be visiting", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pulaaq", "notes": [ "Bjørnum2012 uses pulaarpoq/pulaarpaa as one of its three primary example verbs (labelled 'r-stammen', alongside akivoq's vowel-stem and naalappoq's k-stem) across dozens of full person-number paradigm tables throughout Kapitel 8's inflection-example chapter (K8§1, Bøjningseksempel 20-36).", "Reclassified from a bare, unset stem_type to uvular_final_stem (issue #412): Nielsen2012 §4.3.2 does not just apply the same 'R-stamme' label Bjørnum2012 uses for pulaar -- it defines that label categorically as 'ender på oprindeligt -q der overalt bliver til -r før bøjningsendelse' (ends in an originally -q that everywhere becomes -r before an inflectional ending; translation ours), and gives this repo's own ajoq/ajorpoq (uvular_final_stem, verbs.yaml above) as its own worked example of exactly that class. Bjørnum's and Nielsen's terminology is the same standard West Greenlandic verb-stem taxonomy (vowel-stem/consonant-stem/R-stem/schwa-stem), not two independent theoretical claims, but the convergence -- Bjørnum's own citation-form label for pulaar matching Nielsen's own technical definition of that label, applied independently to ajoq -- is the strongest evidence available short of a direct primary-source pulaar/pulaaq citation.", "Unlike ajoq, no dictionary or mirror searched (Kleinschmidt1871, SchultzLorentzen1926/1927, Petersen1951/1967, Bugge1960, Ordbogi1977, Oqaatsit1997, Ordbogen2003, Oqaasersiorfik2008, WordList2018, Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts, katersat-mirror) attests a bare 'pulaaq' interjectional headword -- the direct confirmation Nielsen2012 §4.3.2 cites for ajoq/ajoq itself ('ajoq, øv!') has no pulaaq equivalent on record. All ~20 katersat-mirror pulaar-derived lexemes (pulaartoq, pulaarneq, pulaarfigaa, pulaarniarpaa, etc.) tag their FST lemma as 'pulaar', never 'pulaaq' -- but this is not discriminating evidence: katersat's own ajoq-derived entries (ajorpoq, ajortoq) tag identically as 'ajor', never 'ajoq', despite ajoq's stem_type being independently confirmed uvular_final_stem, so katersat's FST lemma convention normalizes to the fused r-allomorph for both stem types and cannot be used to tell them apart.", "No attested pulaar-affixed form in this repo's own worked_examples/verbal.yaml, nor in any searched dictionary, uses a truncating consonant-initial affix (the test that distinguished aallaq's q-final status via aallaq+-qquq->aallaqqooqaq, q staying q rather than fusing to r) -- so the reclassification rests on the Nielsen2012 §4.3.2 definitional match above, not on an aallaq-style truncative-affix attestation. Flagged here rather than silently assumed." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "pulaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to visit; to go visiting; to be visiting", "en_short": "to visit; to go visiting; to be visiting", "da": "at være på besøg; at besøge nogen", "verb_phrase": "visit; go visiting; be visiting", "da_verb_phrase": "at være på besøg; at besøge nogen", "da_short": "at være på besøg", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pulaarpoq", "natural": "He is visiting / he goes visiting (someone). (Bjornum2012's own canonical paradigm citation form, K8§1)" }, { "surface": "pulaarpaa", "natural": "He visits him. (Bjornum2012's own canonical paradigm citation form, K8§1)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pulaarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pulaarpoq", "Bjornum2012:K8§1", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.2" ], "id": "pulaar", "category": "verbs" } ], "aki_v": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to answer; to reply; to respond", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aki", "notes": [ "Bjørnum2012 uses akivoq/akivaa as the first, and most extensively tabulated, of its three primary example verbs in Kapitel 8's inflection-example chapter (the vowel-stem representative, last stem vowel /i/, alongside naalak's k-stem and pulaar's r-stem), K8§1, Bøjningseksempel 1-17." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aki_v", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to answer; to reply; to respond", "en_short": "to answer; to reply; to respond", "da": "at svare", "verb_phrase": "answer; reply; respond", "da_verb_phrase": "at svare", "da_short": "at svare", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akivoq", "natural": "He answers / he answered. (Bjornum2012's own canonical paradigm citation form, K8§1)" }, { "surface": "akivaa", "natural": "He answers him. (Bjornum2012's own canonical paradigm citation form, K8§1)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akivoq", "Bjornum2012:K8§1" ], "id": "aki_v", "category": "verbs" } ], "aala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to move; to be in motion; to be agitated; to be rough (of the sea)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aala", "right_sandhi": "none" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aalavoq", "natural": "it is in motion / the sea is rough (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'bevæger sig; er oprørt (om havet)')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalavoq" ], "id": "aala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to move; to be in motion; to be agitated; to be rough (of the sea)", "en_short": "to move", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "move; be in motion; be agitated; be rough (of the sea)" } } ], "arpingiap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to feel hampered or oppressed (by a garment, work, etc.)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:arpingiap:16359ff3e6e6", "items": [ { "text": "to feel hampered or oppressed (by a garment, work, etc.)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "SchultzLorentzen1926:arpingiappoq#e2108", "SchultzLorentzen1926:arpingiagaa#e2109" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arpingiap", "notes": [ "Transitive *arpingiagaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e2109) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic arpingiage. FST offers arpingiage+TV. Do not mint arpingiage.", "Id arpingiap (not arpingia): citation arpingiappoq is p-stem gemination, same as silip / quiap.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation arpingiappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / quiap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arpingiap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "arpingiappoq", "natural": "feels hampered / oppressed (SchultzLorentzen1926:e2108)" }, { "surface": "arpingiagaa", "natural": "feels hampered by it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e2109)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:arpingiappoq#e2108", "SchultzLorentzen1926:arpingiagaa#e2109" ], "id": "arpingiap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to feel hampered or oppressed (by a garment, work, etc.)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "feel hampered or oppressed (by a garment, work, etc.)" } } ], "ippingiap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to feel troubled; suffer from something; feel oppressed", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ippingiap", "notes": [ "Transitive *ippingiagaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3824 \"er besværet af det; har ondt af det\"; 1927 \"is oppressed by it; suffers from it\"; 1997 e4997 also \"finder det upassende\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic ippingiage. FST offers ippingiage+TV. Do not mint ippingiage.", "Soft note (REQUIRED): 2018 e4875 \"has pain; suffers pain\" is an object-TV / pain reading of *ippingiagaa*; 1997 e4997 also has the evaluative \"finder det upassende\" (alongside \"generes af det; har ondt i det\"). Keep BOTH readings; do not collapse *ippingiagaa* onto bound *ippigaa*. Modern IV headword is thin — pedagogy IV *ippingiappoq* is 1926-only (e3823); that is OK if noted, do not invent a modern IV citation.", "Id ippingiap (not ippingia): citation ippingiappoq is p-stem gemination, same as arpingiap / silip / quiap.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation ippingiappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as arpingiap / silip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ippingiap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ippingiappoq", "natural": "feels troubled; suffers from something (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3823)" }, { "surface": "ippingiagaa", "natural": "is oppressed by it; finds it unsuitable (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3824)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:ippingiappoq#e3823", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ippingiagaa#e3824", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ippingiagaa#e4875", "Oqaatsit1997:ippingiagaa#e4997", "Katersat:lex_122337", "Katersat:lex_33924" ], "id": "ippingiap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to feel troubled; suffer from something; feel oppressed", "en_short": "to feel troubled", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "feel troubled; suffer from something; feel oppressed" } } ], "apere": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to ask", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "apere", "right_sandhi": "none" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "apere", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aperivoq", "natural": "he asks (intransitive; Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'spørger')" }, { "surface": "aperaa", "natural": "he asks him/her (transitive; Oqaatsit1997's own headword 'aperaaq', 'spørger')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aperivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aperivoq" ], "id": "apere", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ask", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "ask" } } ], "ittoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be shy; be bashful; hesitate", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ittoor", "notes": [ "Transitive *ittooraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3876 \"genere sig for ham\"; 2018 e5315 \"feels bashful with him/her\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic ittoore. FST offers ittoore+TV beside IP+TUUR. Do not mint ittoore.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation ittoorpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ittoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ittoorpoq", "natural": "is shy; is bashful (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5317; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3875)" }, { "surface": "ittooraa", "natural": "feels bashful with him/her (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3876)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ittoorpoq#e5466", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ittoorpoq#e5317", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ittoorpoq#e3875", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ittooraa#e3876" ], "id": "ittoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be shy; be bashful; hesitate", "en_short": "to be shy", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be shy; be bashful; hesitate" } } ], "isumaalup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be worried; be anxious; be concerned", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isumaalup", "notes": [ "Transitive *isumaalugaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e5766 \"er bekymret for ham\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem isumaaluge. FST offers isumaaluge+TV beside isuma+ALUK+GE / isuma+ALUP — competing compositional parses; keep this as a lexicalized IV headword. Do not mint isumaaluge.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation isumaaluppoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / quiap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "isumaalup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isumaaluppoq", "natural": "is worried; is concerned (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5145; SchultzLorentzen1926:e5765)" }, { "surface": "isumaalugaa", "natural": "is anxious for him/her (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e5766)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:isumaaluppoq#e5284", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isumaaluppoq#e5145", "SchultzLorentzen1926:isumaaluppoq#e5765", "SchultzLorentzen1926:isumaalugaa#e5766" ], "id": "isumaalup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be worried; be anxious; be concerned", "en_short": "to be worried", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be worried; be anxious; be concerned" } } ], "iser": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to enter; to go in", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iser", "right_sandhi": "none" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "iser", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iserpoq", "natural": "he enters / goes in (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'går ind')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iserpoq#e5061", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iserpoq" ], "id": "iser", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to enter; to go in", "en_short": "to enter", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "enter; go in" } } ], "ilaa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be part of; to accompany; to take part; to be along (on a journey)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilaa", "right_sandhi": "none" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ilaa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilaavoq", "natural": "he is part of it / he is along, taking part (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'er med; er passager')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilaavoq#e3811", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilaavoq#e3682" ], "id": "ilaa", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be part of; to accompany; to take part; to be along (on a journey)", "en_short": "to be part of", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be part of; accompany; take part; be along (on a journey)" } } ], "nappar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to get sick; to fall ill", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nappar", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "See napparsima's own note (worked_examples/verbal.yaml) for the related -sima-derived stative 'is sick' form, not modeled as a separate stem." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nappar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "napparpoq", "natural": "he gets sick / falls ill (Oqaatsit1997's own headword, 'bliver syg')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:napparpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:napparpoq" ], "id": "nappar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to get sick; to fall ill", "en_short": "to get sick", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "get sick; fall ill" } } ], "api": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to snow; have snow on it", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "api", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Mofodata's phonemic form is {apə}V; the cited modern forms are apivoq/apivaa. The latter is a weather/avalent or patient-oriented use, not evidence for an ordinary explicit agent." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "api", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to snow; have snow on it", "en_short": "to snow", "da": "at sne; være dækket af sne", "da_short": "at sne", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "snow; have snow on it", "da_verb_phrase": "sner; være dækket af sne" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "apivoq", "natural": "it snows / it is covered with snow" }, { "surface": "apivaa", "natural": "the snow has covered it" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:apivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:apivoq", "MOFO:vbases/a/api_v_it-snows" ], "id": "api", "category": "verbs" } ], "napa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to stand upright; be vertical", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "napa", "right_sandhi": "none" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "napa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to stand upright; be vertical", "en_short": "to stand upright", "da": "at stå oprejst; være lodret", "da_short": "at stå oprejst", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "stand upright; be vertical", "da_verb_phrase": "står oprejst; være lodret" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "napavoq", "natural": "it/he stands upright; is vertical" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:napavoq", "MOFO:vbases/n/napa_v_stand-erect" ], "id": "napa", "category": "verbs" } ], "napi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to break in two; be broken in two", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "napi", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "The transitive form napivaa means 'breaks it in two'; the intransitive napivoq is the corresponding passive-like 'is broken in two' use, both attested in the local dictionary mirrors." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "napi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to break in two; be broken in two", "en_short": "to break in two", "da": "at knække over; brække i to", "da_short": "at knække over", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "break in two; be broken in two", "da_verb_phrase": "knækker over; brække i to" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "napivaa", "natural": "he breaks it in two" }, { "surface": "napivoq", "natural": "it is broken in two" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:napivoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:napivaa", "MOFO:vbases/n/napi_v_break-in-twain" ], "id": "napi", "category": "verbs" } ], "manik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is even; is smooth; is flat", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "manik", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Mofodata's k-stem form manik is attested as manippoq; the dictionary distinguishes this sense from the homographic crying/sobbing verb." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "manik", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is even; is smooth; is flat", "en_short": "is even; is smooth; is flat", "verb_phrase": "be even; be smooth; be flat", "da": "er jævn; er glat; er flad", "da_short": "er jævn; er glat; er flad", "da_verb_phrase": "er jævn; er glat; er flad", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "manippoq", "natural": "it is even/flat" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:manippoq#e4963", "SchultzLorentzen1926:manippoq", "MOFO:vbases/m/manik_v_is-even" ], "id": "manik", "category": "verbs" } ], "kiak": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is warm; is hot (of air, water, or a room)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:kiak:e41eff57b762", "items": [ { "text": "is warm; is hot (of air, water, or a room)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:kiappoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kiappoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:kiappoq", "MOFO:vbases/k/kiak_v_is-warm" ], "rationale": "No source edit is proposed; preserve the complete raw meaning. Further annotation would require a reviewed relation that the available source rows establish." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiak", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Mofodata's q-stem form kiak is attested as kiappoq; the temperature sense is independently present in Kleinschmidt, Rasmussen, Schultz-Lorentzen, and Oqaatsit." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kiak", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is warm; is hot (of air, water, or a room)", "en_short": "is warm; is hot (of air, water, or a room)", "verb_phrase": "be warm; be hot (of air, water, or a room)", "da": "er varm; er hed (om luft, vand eller et rum)", "da_short": "er varm; er hed (om luft, vand eller et rum)", "da_verb_phrase": "er varm; er hed (om luft, vand eller et rum)", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kiappoq", "natural": "it is warm/hot" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kiappoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kiappoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:kiappoq", "MOFO:vbases/k/kiak_v_is-warm" ], "id": "kiak", "category": "verbs" } ], "najor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be present with; stay with someone", "valency": "ambitransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "najor", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "The phonemic source form is {najuq}V. Intransitive najorpoq means 'is present', while transitive najorpaa means 'is present with him/her'; the usual HTR forms are separate compositions and are not duplicated here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "najor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be present with; stay with {{Actor}}", "en_short": "to be present with", "da": "at være til stede hos; blive hos", "da_short": "at være til stede hos", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "be present with; stay with {{Actor}}", "da_verb_phrase": "er til stede hos; blive hos" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "najorpoq", "natural": "he is present; he is there" }, { "surface": "najorpaa", "natural": "he is present with him/her" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:najorpaa#e5362", "Kleinschmidt1871:najorpoq#e5362", "MOFO:vbases/n/najor_v_stay-with" ], "id": "najor", "category": "verbs" } ], "nappar_raise": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to erect; raise something upright", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nappar", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Homograph-disambiguated from nappar ('get sick'): this entry is the patientive q-stem family, with napparpaa 'raises it' and napparpoq 'is placed upright'. The source dictionaries carry separate numbered headword rows for the two senses." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nappar_raise", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to erect; raise something upright", "en_short": "to erect", "da": "at rejse; stille oprejst", "da_short": "at rejse", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "erect; raise something upright", "da_verb_phrase": "rejser; stille oprejst" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "napparpaa", "natural": "he raises/sets it upright" }, { "surface": "napparpoq", "natural": "it is placed upright" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:napparpaa", "SchultzLorentzen1926:napparpaa", "SchultzLorentzen1927:napparpaa", "MOFO:vbases/n/nappar_v_raise" ], "id": "nappar_raise", "category": "verbs" } ], "nalliut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have one's birthday; for a recurring anniversary/holiday to come round (for someone)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nalliut", "right_sandhi": "consonant_cluster_assimilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Homograph split, this repo's own choice of which sense to model: Kleinschmidt1871's single nalliuppoq entry covers three related senses (his own words: 'gør sig til nalik for en' -- '1) indtræffer for (/ kommer over) en etc. (f.eks. glæde, sorg, fødselsdagen ...); 2) ... tiden er indtruffet ...; 3) om en person: har sin fødselsdag'; this repo's own rendering: 'occurs/befalls someone (joy, sorrow, a birthday, ...); the time has come; [of a person] has their birthday'). Oqaatsit1997 instead splits this into two separate, unnumbered headword rows -- 'indtræffer' (occurs) and 'har fødselsdag' (has a birthday) -- so this entry models only the latter, narrower 'has a birthday' sense and pins the Oqaatsit1997 citation to the specific row (#e8549) per this repo's ambiguous-headword rule; the general 'occurs/time has come' sense is left for a future, separate entry rather than conflated with this one.", "right_sandhi:consonant_cluster_assimilation (same AITWG:§3.9 regressive c1c2->c2c2 rule as the toqut entry, kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml): nalliut + -poq -> nalliuppoq, the stem-final /t/ assimilating fully to the ending's own initial /p/." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nalliut", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have one's birthday", "da": "at have fødselsdag", "verb_phrase": "have one's birthday", "da_verb_phrase": "at have fødselsdag", "da_short": "at have fødselsdag", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated for existence and the 'birthday' sense specifically by Kleinschmidt1871 (sense 3, 'har sin fødselsdag'), SchultzLorentzen1926/1927 ('holder fødselsdag' / 'holds fødselsdag'), and Oqaatsit1997 (split headword II, 'har fødselsdag').", "examples": [ { "surface": "nalliuppoq", "natural": "he/she has his/her birthday" }, { "surface": "nalliuttoq", "natural": "the one whose day it is; the birthday person (participle, also used for 'a holiday/anniversary' in general)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:nalliuppoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nalliuppoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:nalliuppoq", "Oqaatsit1997:nalliuppoq#e8549" ], "id": "nalliut", "category": "verbs" } ], "quiap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to seek amusement; go out to have a little fun", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "quiap", "notes": [ "Transitive *quiagaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e7916 \"finder det morsomt\"; 2018 e12735 \"enjoys him/her\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem quiage. FST offers quiage+TV; do not mint quiage.", "Id quiap (not quia): citation quiappoq is p-stem gemination, same as silip / kajumip. underlying_form quiap.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation quiappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / kajumip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "quiap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "quiappoq", "natural": "goes out to have a little fun (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e12738; SchultzLorentzen1926:e7915)" }, { "surface": "quiagaa", "natural": "finds it funny; enjoys him/her (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e7916)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:quiappoq#e13514", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:quiappoq#e12738", "SchultzLorentzen1926:quiappoq#e7915", "SchultzLorentzen1926:quiagaa#e7916", "Katersat:lex_27469" ], "id": "quiap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to seek amusement; go out to have a little fun", "en_short": "to seek amusement", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "seek amusement; go out to have a little fun" } } ], "quja": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to thank; to say thank you", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "quja", "notes": [ "Transitive *qujagaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e7943 \"er glad for ham\"; 2018 e12761 \"is grateful for it\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem qujage. FST also offers bare quja+TV beside qujage+TV; prefer the V_gi_Vb hang for the glad/grateful sense. Do not mint qujage." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "quja", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to say thank you", "en_short": "to thank", "da": "at sige tak", "verb_phrase": "say thank you", "da_verb_phrase": "at sige tak", "da_short": "at sige tak", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qujavoq", "natural": "says thanks (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e12782)" }, { "surface": "qujagaa", "natural": "is grateful for it; is glad for him (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e7943)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qujavoq#e13558", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qujavoq#e12782", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qujavoq#e7941", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qujagaa#e7943" ], "id": "quja", "category": "verbs" } ], "qaama": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be light; to be bright; to shine", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaama" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qaama", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is light; is bright", "en_short": "to be light", "da": "er lys", "verb_phrase": "be light; be bright", "da_verb_phrase": "er lys", "da_short": "er lys", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qaamavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaamavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qaamavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qaamavoq", "Katersat:lex_28119" ], "id": "qaama", "category": "verbs" } ], "qia": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to cry; to sob", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qia" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qia", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "cries; sobs", "en_short": "to cry", "da": "græder; hulker", "verb_phrase": "cries; sobs", "da_verb_phrase": "græder; hulker", "da_short": "græder; hulker", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:qiavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qiavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qiavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qiavoq", "Katersat:lex_14229", "Rasmussen1893:qia#e835" ], "id": "qia", "category": "verbs" } ], "qiia": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to freeze; to feel very cold (of a living being)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qiia" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qiia", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "freezes (of a living being)", "en_short": "to freeze", "da": "fryser (om et levende væsen)", "da_short": "fryser (om et levende væsen)", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:qiiavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qiiavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiiavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qiiavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qiiavoq", "Katersat:lex_26285" ], "id": "qiia", "category": "verbs" } ], "qimaa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to flee; to run away", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qimaa" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qimaa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "flees; runs away", "en_short": "to flee", "da": "flygter; tager flugten", "verb_phrase": "flees; runs away", "da_verb_phrase": "flygter; tager flugten", "da_short": "flygter; tager flugten", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qimaavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qimaavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qimaavoq#e7321", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qimaavoq#e7321", "Katersat:lex_15720" ], "id": "qimaa", "category": "verbs" } ], "qasili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to sting; to produce a burning sensation", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qasili" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qasili", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "produces a burning sensation; stings", "en_short": "to sting", "da": "svier", "da_short": "svier", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qasilivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qasilivoq", "Katersat:lex_25833" ], "id": "qasili", "category": "verbs" } ], "qasu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be tired; to be exhausted", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qasu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qasu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is tired; is exhausted", "en_short": "to be tired", "da": "er træt; er udmattet", "verb_phrase": "be tired; be exhausted", "da_verb_phrase": "er træt; er udmattet", "da_short": "er træt; er udmattet", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:qasuvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qasuvoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qasuvoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qasuvoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qasuvoq", "Katersat:lex_13261" ], "id": "qasu", "category": "verbs" } ], "qusa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be shy; to be shy about doing something", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qusa" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qusa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is shy; is shy about … (doing something)", "en_short": "to be shy", "da": "er genert; generer sig", "verb_phrase": "be shy; be shy about … (doing something)", "da_verb_phrase": "er genert; generer sig", "da_short": "er genert; generer sig", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:qusavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qusavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qusavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qusavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qusavoq", "Katersat:lex_27907" ], "id": "qusa", "category": "verbs" } ], "qalalia": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to bubble; to be bubbling", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qalalia" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qalalia", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is bubbling", "en_short": "to bubble", "da": "bobler", "verb_phrase": "bubble", "da_verb_phrase": "bobler", "da_short": "bobler", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qalaliavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qalaliavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qalaliavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qalaliavoq", "Katersat:lex_25086" ], "id": "qalalia", "category": "verbs" } ], "qerata": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be stiff", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qerata" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qerata", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is stiff", "da": "er stiv", "verb_phrase": "be stiff", "da_verb_phrase": "er stiv", "da_short": "er stiv", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qeratavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qeratavoq", "Katersat:lex_249" ], "id": "qerata", "category": "verbs" } ], "qorluula": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to leak; to drip a lot", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qorluula" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qorluula", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is leaking; is dripping quite a bit", "en_short": "to leak", "da": "drypper meget", "verb_phrase": "leak; drip quite a bit", "da_verb_phrase": "drypper meget", "da_short": "drypper meget", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qorluulavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qorluulavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qorluulavoq#e7826", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qorluulavoq#e7826", "Katersat:lex_27379" ], "id": "qorluula", "category": "verbs" } ], "qaqi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to reach the top of something; to ascend", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaqi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qaqi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has reached the top of something; is standing on something", "en_short": "to reach the top of something", "da": "er kommet op på noget", "verb_phrase": "have reached the top of something; be standing on something", "da_verb_phrase": "er kommet op på noget", "da_short": "er kommet op på noget", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qaqivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaqivoq", "Katersat:lex_25593" ], "id": "qaqi", "category": "verbs" } ], "qiima": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be in good spirits; to be happy; to be upbeat", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qiima" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qiima", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is in good spirits; is happy; is upbeat", "en_short": "to be in good spirits", "da": "er munter; er glad; er livlig", "verb_phrase": "be in good spirits; be happy; be upbeat", "da_verb_phrase": "er munter; er glad; er livlig", "da_short": "er munter; er glad; er livlig", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qiimavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiimavoq", "Katersat:lex_19287" ], "id": "qiima", "category": "verbs" } ], "qulua": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to rumble (of the stomach)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qulua" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qulua", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "his/her stomach is rumbling", "da": "maven rumler; det rumler i maven", "verb_phrase": "have a rumbling stomach", "da_verb_phrase": "maven rumler; det rumler i maven", "da_short": "maven rumler; det rumler i maven", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:quluavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:quluavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:quluavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:quluavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:quluavoq", "Katersat:lex_27706" ], "id": "qulua", "category": "verbs" } ], "aasi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to spend the summer somewhere", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aasi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aasi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spends the summer somewhere", "da": "bliver sommeren over", "verb_phrase": "spends the summer somewhere", "da_verb_phrase": "bliver sommeren over", "da_short": "bliver sommeren over", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aasivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aasivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aasivoq", "Katersat:lex_32898" ], "id": "aasi", "category": "verbs" } ], "ajalu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to fall apart; to collapse; to fall to pieces", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajalu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajalu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "falls apart; falls to pieces", "en_short": "to fall apart", "da": "falder fra hinanden", "da_short": "falder fra hinanden", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajaluvoq#e452", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajaluvoq#e450", "Katersat:lex_277" ], "id": "ajalu", "category": "verbs" } ], "akima": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be important; to be an outstanding member of society", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akima" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akima", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is important; is an outstanding member of society", "en_short": "to be important", "da": "er fornem; er fremtrædende", "verb_phrase": "be important; be an outstanding member of society", "da_verb_phrase": "er fornem; er fremtrædende", "da_short": "er fornem; er fremtrædende", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akimavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akimavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:akimavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:akimavoq", "Katersat:lex_1772" ], "id": "akima", "category": "verbs" } ], "akisu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be expensive; to be high-priced", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akisu", "notes": [ "Transitive *akisugaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e788 \"synes det er for dyrt\"; 1927 \"thinks it too dear\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic akisuge. FST offers only akisuge+TV, a competing atomic parse (same caveat as ungasigaa). Do not mint akisuge.", "Soft note: 1926/1927 list *akisunaarpaa* in the same entry as *akisugaa* (same \"thinks it too dear\" gloss). That is not a distinct object-TV of this stem in the takorannaarpaa ≠ takorannaraa sense; keep the two surfaces distinct and do not mint akisunaar as a stem here.", "Soft note: keep expensive *akisugaa* (this stem + V_gi_Vb; 1926 e788) distinct from echo/reflection *akisuppoq* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e719 \"giver genskin; giver refleks; ses klart; giver genlyd\"; live stem akisup). Do not collapse the expensive hang onto the reflection IV." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akisu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is expensive; is high-priced", "en_short": "to be expensive", "da": "er dyr; er kostbar", "verb_phrase": "be expensive; be high-priced", "da_verb_phrase": "er dyr; er kostbar", "da_short": "er dyr; er kostbar", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akisuvoq", "natural": "is expensive; is high-priced (Oqaatsit1997:e746; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e738)" }, { "surface": "akisugaa", "natural": "thinks it too dear (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e788)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akisuvoq#e746", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akisuvoq#e738", "SchultzLorentzen1926:akisugaa#e788", "SchultzLorentzen1927:akisugaa#e788", "Katersat:lex_1997", "Katersat:lex_1809" ], "id": "akisu", "category": "verbs" } ], "akisua": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to give an echo; to echo", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akisua" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akisua", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "gives an echo; echoes", "en_short": "to give an echo", "da": "giver ekko; giver genklang", "verb_phrase": "gives an echo; echoes", "da_verb_phrase": "giver ekko; giver genklang", "da_short": "giver ekko; giver genklang", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akisuavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akisuavoq", "Katersat:lex_1944" ], "id": "akisua", "category": "verbs" } ], "aggula": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to break easily; to be fragile; to be brittle", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aggula" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aggula", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "breaks easily; is fragile; is brittle", "en_short": "to break easily", "da": "er let at smuldre; er skør", "verb_phrase": "break easily; be fragile; be brittle", "da_verb_phrase": "er let at smuldre; er skør", "da_short": "er let at smuldre; er skør", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aggulavoq#e419", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aggulavoq#e417", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aggulavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aggulavoq", "Katersat:lex_169" ], "id": "aggula", "category": "verbs" } ], "ajortuli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to sin; to do something sinful", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajortuli" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajortuli", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sins; does something sinful", "en_short": "to sin", "da": "synder", "da_short": "synder", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajortulivoq#e524", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajortulivoq#e521", "Katersat:lex_839" ], "id": "ajortuli", "category": "verbs" } ], "ali": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to go away; to leave; to withdraw", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ali" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ali", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "goes away; leaves", "en_short": "to go away", "da": "fjerner sig", "verb_phrase": "go away; leave", "da_verb_phrase": "fjerner sig", "da_short": "fjerner sig", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:alivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:alivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:alivoq", "Katersat:lex_2730" ], "id": "ali", "category": "verbs" } ], "alianni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to look downcast; to look sad", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alianni" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alianni", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "looks downcast; looks as if he/she is sad about something", "en_short": "to look downcast", "da": "ser bedrøvet ud; virker ked af det", "verb_phrase": "look downcast; look as if sad about something", "da_verb_phrase": "ser bedrøvet ud; virker ked af det", "da_short": "ser bedrøvet ud; virker ked af det", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aliannivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aliannivoq", "Katersat:lex_2628" ], "id": "alianni", "category": "verbs" } ], "qila": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to summon spirits; to conjure up spirits (for divination)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qila", "notes": [ "Homograph split: SchultzLorentzen1926/1927 list a second, unrelated qilavoq sense ('fisker med medestang' / 'fishes with a rod') alongside the one matching Kleinschmidt1871's ('signer; hekser for at erfare ens skæbne', casts spells/divines) and Oqaatsit1997's ('udspørger ånder', questions spirits). This entry models only the divination/spirit-summoning sense, corroborated by all four sources under that reading; the angling sense is a separate homograph left for a future, dedicated entry." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qila", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "summons spirits; conjures up spirits", "en_short": "to summon spirits", "da": "udspørger ånder", "da_short": "udspørger ånder", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:qilavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:qilavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qilavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qilavoq#e7234", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qilavoq#e7234", "Katersat:lex_26407" ], "id": "qila", "category": "verbs" } ], "qinu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to entreat intensely; to beg; to ask fervently for something (also used, in a spiritual sense, of prayer/supplication)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qinu:fc76bba96402", "items": [ { "text": "to entreat intensely; to beg; to ask fervently for something", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "core verbal gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Kleinschmidt1871:qinuvoq#e3682", "Kleinschmidt1871:qinugaa", "Oqaatsit1997:qinuvoq#e13245", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qinuvoq#e7420", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qinuvoq#e7420", "Katersat:lex_26917" ], "rationale": "The cited dictionary entries support the closely related entreat/beg/ask core meaning; this phrase is retained as one authored unit." }, { "text": "also used, in a spiritual sense, of prayer/supplication", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "spiritual-domain extension of the verb", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Kleinschmidt1871:qinuvoq#e3682", "Kleinschmidt1871:qinugaa", "Oqaatsit1997:qinuvoq#e13245", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qinuvoq#e7420", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qinuvoq#e7420", "Katersat:lex_26917" ], "rationale": "The source review documents prayer/supplication use as a spiritual-context extension." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qinu", "notes": [ "Homograph split, this repo's own choice of which sense to model: Oqaatsit1997 duplicates this headword across two unnumbered senses, so the citation is pinned to the specific row (#e13245, 'beder; beder om noget', matching Kleinschmidt1871's 'beder en om noget; tigger; trygler' and SchultzLorentzen's 'beder; beder om noget'/'prays; prays for something'). The unrelated 'brash ice (is forming)' sense -- SchultzLorentzen1926/1927's other qinuvoq entry and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts's only qinuvoq hit -- is a separate homograph, left for a future entry; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts is deliberately not cited here since its only hit is for that other sense.", "PR #462 review follow-up (owner, 2026-08-24): an earlier revision of this note read Kleinschmidt1871's 'Jvf. tussiarpoq' cross-reference on #e3682 as excluding a prayer sense from qinu entirely, and dropped SchultzLorentzen1927's 'prays; prays for something' rendering on that basis. That was too strong a reading of a 'cf.'/'see also' cross-reference, which points at a near-synonym, not a disjoint sense. The wider qinu- family confirms the broader field instead: the transitive qinugaa (Kleinschmidt1871: 'efterstræber(/forfølger) ham, ogsaa i aandelig forstand' -- pursues/strives after him, also in a SPIRITUAL sense) and the nominalization qinuneq (Oqaatsit1997: 'det at bede, bøn'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts: 'supplication; prayer' -- see kalaallisut_data/worked_examples/nominal.yaml) both show the root spans mundane asking/begging and devotional prayer as one semantic field (\"to strive/reach intensely toward something desired\"), not two homographs needing a pick. meaning/plain_gloss widened accordingly; SchultzLorentzen1927's 'prays' is cited again as one legitimate facet of this entry's own sense, not a different, excluded word." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qinu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "asks fervently for something; begs; entreats", "en_short": "to entreat intensely", "da": "beder om noget; tigger", "da_short": "beder om noget; tigger", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qinugaa", "natural": "he pursues/strives after him (also: in a spiritual sense) -- transitive" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:qinuvoq#e3682", "Kleinschmidt1871:qinugaa", "Oqaatsit1997:qinuvoq#e13245", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qinuvoq#e7420", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qinuvoq#e7420", "Katersat:lex_26917" ], "id": "qinu", "category": "verbs" } ], "aapa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be raw; to be underdone; to be not cooked through", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aapa", "notes": [ "The exact English e206 row independently attests underdone/not cooked through, paired with Danish e206. English e205 and Danish e207 are lethargy of a person and remain a different reading; exact pins permit lexical corroboration without conflating homographs.", "Homograph split: Oqaatsit1997 duplicates this headword across two unnumbered senses, so the citation is pinned to the specific row (#e206, 'er ikke gennemkogt; er ikke gennemstegt', matching Kleinschmidt1871's 'er/smager råt; er ikke kogt/stegt nok' and SchultzLorentzen's 'er råt; er ukogt' / 'is raw; is unboiled'). Oqaatsit1997's other row (#e207, 'er sløv (om et menneske)', 'is sluggish/lethargic of a person') and one of Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts's two aapavoq hits ('is lethargic; is apathetic') describe that separate homograph instead, left for a future entry; the added English e206 citation selects only the underdone row." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aapa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is raw; is unboiled; is not sufficiently boiled", "en_short": "to be raw", "da": "er ikke gennemkogt; er ikke gennemstegt", "verb_phrase": "be raw; be unboiled; be insufficiently boiled", "da_verb_phrase": "er ikke gennemkogt; er ikke gennemstegt", "da_short": "er ikke gennemkogt; er ikke gennemstegt", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aapavoq#e206", "Kleinschmidt1871:aapavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:aapavoq#e206", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aapavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:aapavoq", "Katersat:lex_32624" ], "id": "aapa", "category": "verbs" } ], "assi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to spit blood", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "assi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "spits blood", "da": "spytter blod", "verb_phrase": "spits blood", "da_verb_phrase": "spytter blod", "da_short": "spytter blod", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assivoq", "Katersat:lex_5211" ], "id": "assi", "category": "verbs" } ], "assuarnar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be blamable; be reprovable", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assuarnar", "notes": [ "Transitive *assuarnaraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e225 \"finder ham lastværdig\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem assuarnare. Do not mint assuarnare. Not V_nnari_Vb (that affix is \"finds enjoyable to Vb\").", "*assuarnaappoq* (2018 e2106 \"beyond reproach\") is FST assuar+NAR+IT, the polarity flip on the NAR formation — not a separate atomic stem assuarnaap. Do not mint assuarnaap. *assuarnaagaa* (1926 e227) is attested; FST offers only assuarnaage+TV (no IT+GE parse), so do not hang it as assuarnar+IT+GE without further evidence.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation assuarnarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "assuarnar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "assuarnarpoq", "natural": "is blamable; is reprovable (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e2107; SchultzLorentzen1926:e223)" }, { "surface": "assuarnaraa", "natural": "finds him/it reprovable (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e225)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assuarnarpoq#e2146", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assuarnarpoq#e2107", "SchultzLorentzen1926:assuarnarpoq#e223", "SchultzLorentzen1926:assuarnaraa#e225", "Katersat:lex_5248" ], "id": "assuarnar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be blamable; be reprovable", "en_short": "to be blamable", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be blamable; be reprovable" } } ], "ata": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to subsist; to exist", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ata", "notes": [ "Connected-to atavoq e2268/e2227 is now modeled separately as ata_connected. Existing ata retains only its pinned subsists/exists reading; caution particle ata_caution is another distinct lexical category. Modern landfast idiom is included only under the connected entry.", "Homograph split: Oqaatsit1997 duplicates this headword across three unnumbered senses ('hoerer til; haenger sammen med noget; bliver siddende' -- belongs to/stays stuck; 'bestaar; eksisterer' -- subsists/exists; and the idiom 'nunavimmut atavoq' -- is landfast). Citation pinned to the 'exists' row (#e2269/#e2228); connected and landfast readings are kept separate rather than conflated with this exists entry." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ata", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "subsists; exists", "en_short": "to subsist", "da": "består; eksisterer", "verb_phrase": "subsists; exists", "da_verb_phrase": "består; eksisterer", "da_short": "består; eksisterer", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atavoq#e2269", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atavoq#e2228", "Katersat:lex_33298" ], "id": "ata", "category": "verbs" } ], "equ": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to come out of alignment; to get bent or crooked", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "equ", "notes": [ "Modern paired equvoq rows attest going crooked/bent/out of alignment. Klein gives contraction and loss of symmetry in a human/animal body or body part as historical context; this does not make every modern use a medical or body-only sense, or attest a new productive derivation." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "equ", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "comes out of alignment; gets crooked; gets bent", "en_short": "to come out of alignment", "da": "bliver skæv", "da_short": "bliver skæv", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:equvoq#e3088", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:equvoq#e2994", "Katersat:lex_6857", "Kleinschmidt1871:equvoq#e1638" ], "id": "equ", "category": "verbs" } ], "erni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to give birth; to bear a child", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erni", "notes": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:ernivoq#e1739 explicitly includes humans and animals irrespective of offspring sex; SchultzLorentzen1927:ernivoq#e3476 additionally records egg-laying. These historical contexts remain source-bound. The noun erni (Oqaatsit1997:erni#e3184, own son) is an inflected erneq homograph, not evidence for this verbal stem." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "erni", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "bears a child", "en_short": "to give birth", "da": "føder", "verb_phrase": "bears a child", "da_verb_phrase": "føder", "da_short": "føder", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ernivoq#e3198", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ernivoq#e3099", "Katersat:lex_7107", "Kleinschmidt1871:ernivoq#e1739", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ernivoq#e3476" ], "id": "erni", "category": "verbs" } ], "igi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to melt (of blubber, snow, ice)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:igi:f3ce87907213", "items": [ { "text": "to melt (of blubber, snow, ice)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:igivoq#e3553", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:igivoq#e3410", "Katersat:lex_32724", "Kleinschmidt1871:igivoq#e1828" ], "rationale": "Oqaatsit1997 e3553 gives ‘melts (of blubber)’ and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts e3410 gives ‘melts (blubber, snow, ice)’. The parenthetical lists the substance undergoing melting; this is one verb definition, not multiple translations." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "igi", "notes": [ "Homograph split: Oqaatsit1997/Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts both duplicate this headword across two unnumbered senses -- 'smelter (om spaek)'/'melts (blubber, snow, ice)' (this entry) and 'vaesker (om et saar)'/'oozes (of a wound)' (separately modeled as igi_ooze; historical dictionaries group both under liquid release). Citations pinned to the melting-sense rows (#e3553/#e3410).", "FST pin (issue #516, lex_32724 igivoq): intended analysis is igi+Gram/IV+V+Ind+3Sg. The competing ige+Gram/TV+Gram/Refl+Gram/IV+V+Ind+3Sg line is an alternate valency parse of this same melting verb (TV ige plus reflexive, yielding the IV surface), not the separately modeled \"ooze (of a wound)\" dictionary sense noted above. Modeled sense isolated; entry preserved." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "igi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "melts (blubber, snow, ice)", "da": "smelter (om spæk)", "verb_phrase": "melts (blubber, snow, ice)", "da_verb_phrase": "smelter (om spæk)", "da_short": "smelter (om spæk)", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:igivoq#e3553", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:igivoq#e3410", "Katersat:lex_32724", "Kleinschmidt1871:igivoq#e1828" ], "id": "igi", "category": "verbs" } ], "iki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be few", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iki", "notes": [ "Citation form corrected during review: Katersat's own lexicon (lex_178360) gives 'ikipput', not a singular 'ikivoq' -- this is an inherently-plural quantity predicate (like 'amerlapput', 'they are many'), attested only in the 3rd person plural in both Oqaatsit1997 and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts, each of which duplicates the headword across two unnumbered senses ('de er faa'/'are few' -- this entry, pinned #e3685/#e3549 -- vs. 'de gaar om bord'/'they board', the separately modeled iki_board homograph). A real, singular 'ikivoq' exists in both dictionaries but names that unrelated boarding/fire-related homograph, not this word -- do not conflate the two.", "FST pin (issue #516, lex_178360 ikipput): intended analysis is iki+Gram/IV+V+Ind+3Pl (inherently plural). Competing ikip lines (IV and TV+Refl) are a p-stem allomorph of this same \"be few\" predicate, not the boarding/fire homograph already flagged above. Modeled sense isolated; entry preserved.", "Transitive *ikigai* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3985 \"anser dem for at være få\"; 2018 e3513 \"finds them too few\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb with plural object, not atomic ikige. FST offers iki+GE / ikige+TV. Do not mint ikige." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "iki", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "are few; are not numerous", "da": "de er få; der er ikke mange", "verb_phrase": "be few; not be numerous", "da_verb_phrase": "de er få; der er ikke mange", "da_short": "de er få; der er ikke mange", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikipput", "natural": "they are few (Oqaatsit1997:e3685; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e3549)" }, { "surface": "ikigai", "natural": "finds them too few (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3985)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ikipput#e3685", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikipput#e3549", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ikigai#e3985", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikigai#e3513", "Katersat:lex_178360" ], "id": "iki", "category": "verbs" } ], "ili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to become like that; to turn out that way", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ili", "notes": [ "Homograph split: Oqaatsit1997 duplicates this headword across two unnumbered senses -- 'ima ilivoq' ('thus/like this it has become', pinned #e4055, the sense modeled here) and the idiom 'seqineq taakunga ilivoq' ('the sun has gone there', i.e. it has become afternoon, #e4056) -- both really the same core 'becomes/turns out (thus)' sense illustrated with two different example sentences rather than two distinct lexemes, but pinned per this repo's ambiguous-headword rule since Oqaatsit1997 records them as separate rows regardless. Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts has only a single ilivoq row and needs no pin." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ili", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "be like this; has become like that", "en_short": "to become like that", "da": "ima ilivoq; er blevet sådan", "da_short": "ima ilivoq; er blevet sådan", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilivoq#e4055", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilivoq#e3940", "Katersat:lex_34120" ], "id": "ili", "category": "verbs" } ], "ilitsore": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to reach the age of consciousness; begin to remember (of a small child)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilitsore", "notes": [ "apere-type schwa verb. 1951-kal/1967-kal headword ilitsoraaq is marked (rivoq). Oqaatsit1997 lists two unnumbered ilitsorivoq headwords -- e4039 ('bliver sig bevidst (et bestemt stadium i barndommen)'; 'begynder at kunne huske') is this entry, and e4040 ('kommer til bevidsthed') is the separately modeled regain-consciousness sense ilitsori_regain. Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts splits the same way (e3925 'reaches the age of consciousness' vs e3924 'regains consciousness').", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST/orthography -e is schwa (same deferral as aarlere/akuere/apere; AITWG:§6.4 is nominal)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ilitsore", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilitsorivoq", "natural": "he reaches the age of consciousness; begins to remember (Oqaatsit1997:e4039)" }, { "surface": "ilitsoraaq", "natural": "same IV citation (1951/1967 (rivoq))" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilitsorivoq#e4039", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilitsorivoq#e3925" ], "id": "ilitsore", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to reach the age of consciousness; begin to remember (of a small child)", "en_short": "to reach the age of consciousness", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "reach the age of consciousness; begin to remember (of a small child)" } } ], "ilu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to frost over", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ilu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "frost is forming on it (a wall or window)", "da": "der sætter sig rimfrost (på en rude eller væg)", "verb_phrase": "have frost forming on it (a wall or window)", "da_verb_phrase": "der sætter sig rimfrost (på en rude eller væg)", "da_short": "der sætter sig rimfrost (på en rude eller væg)", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iluvoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iluvoq", "Katersat:lex_33756" ], "id": "ilu", "category": "verbs" } ], "iluar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be right; be proper; be good", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iluar", "notes": [ "Homograph split: Oqaatsit1997 lists two iluarpoq headwords -- e4220 ('er korrekt'; 'er god') is this entry, and e4221 ('er hellig') is a different sense, left for a future entry. 2018 splits the same way (e4100 vs e4101). Do not pin 1997 e4221 to 2018 e4100.", "Transitive *iluaraa* (Oqaatsit1997:e4217 'synes om ham/det'; 2018 e4096 'likes him/her/it'; HTR iluarinnippoq e4098) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem iluare. Same pattern as angi + V_gi_Vb -> angigaa. FST also offers iluaq+GE on iluaraa; that is a competing root (iluaq 'tent lining'), not this sense. Do not mint iluare.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation iluarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as nuannaar's inferred uvular_final_stem). Do not silently assert vowel_final_stem." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "iluar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iluarpoq", "natural": "it is right; is proper; is good (Oqaatsit1997:e4220)" }, { "surface": "iluaraa", "natural": "he likes it; thinks well of it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e4217)" }, { "surface": "iluarinnippoq", "natural": "HTR of iluaraa (Oqaatsit1997:e4217 variant)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iluarpoq#e4220", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iluarpoq#e4100" ], "id": "iluar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be right; be proper; be good", "en_short": "to be right", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be right; be proper; be good" } } ], "oqip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be light (in weight); be easy", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqip", "notes": [ "Transitive *oqigaa* (Oqaatsit1997:e10126 \"synes at det er let\"; 2018 e9493 \"thinks it is easy\"; HTR oqiginnippoq) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem oqige. Same pattern as miki / angi / iluar + V_gi_Vb. FST also offers oqige+TV on oqigaa; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint oqige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation oqippoq shows p-stem gemination (p+poq => ppoq). This repo's verb stem_type enum currently has no p-final value. Same deferral as akunnap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "oqip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oqippoq", "natural": "it is light (Oqaatsit1997:e10155)" }, { "surface": "oqigaa", "natural": "he thinks it is easy; can easily do it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e10126)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:oqippoq#e10155", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqippoq#e9524" ], "id": "oqip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be light (in weight); be easy", "en_short": "to be light (in weight)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be light (in weight); be easy" } } ], "oqimaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be heavy", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqimaap", "notes": [ "Transitive *oqimaagaa* (Oqaatsit1997:e10140 \"synes at det er tungt\"; 2018 e9508 \"finds it too heavy\"; HTR oqimaaginnippoq) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem oqimaage. Do not mint oqimaage.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation oqimaappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as oqip / akunnap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "oqimaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "oqimaappoq", "natural": "it is heavy (Oqaatsit1997:e10147)" }, { "surface": "oqimaagaa", "natural": "he finds it too heavy; has difficulty doing it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e10140)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:oqimaappoq#e10147", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqimaappoq#e9516" ], "id": "oqimaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be heavy", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be heavy" } } ], "naap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be (too) short", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naap", "notes": [ "Homograph split: Oqaatsit1997 lists two naappoq headwords -- e8183 ('er (for) kort') is this entry, and e8184 ('snubler over noget') is a different sense, left for a future entry. 2018 splits the same way (e7740 vs e7741). Do not pin 1997 e8184 to 2018 e7740.", "Transitive *naagaa* (Oqaatsit1997:e7976 'synes at det er for kort'; 2018 e7557 'thinks it is too short') is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem naage. FST also offers naage+TV and naa+TV on naagaa; those are competing parses. Do not mint naage.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation naappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as oqip / akunnap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naappoq", "natural": "it is (too) short (Oqaatsit1997:e8183)" }, { "surface": "naagaa", "natural": "he thinks it is too short (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e7976)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naappoq#e8183", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naappoq#e7740" ], "id": "naap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be (too) short", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be (too) short" } } ], "sivikip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be of short duration; not last long", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sivikip", "notes": [ "Transitive *sivikigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e16247 \"finder det kortvarigt\"; 1927 \"thinks it of duration\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic sivikige. FST offers sivikip+IV+GE beside sivikige+TV. No Oqaatsit / 2018 TV headword; 1926/1927 supply the dictionary TV citation. Do not mint sivikige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation sivikippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as naap / oqip / akunnap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "sivikip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sivikippoq", "natural": "it is of short duration; does not last long (Oqaatsit1997:e15335)" }, { "surface": "sivikigaa", "natural": "thinks it of short duration (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e16247)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sivikippoq#e15335", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sivikippoq#e14412", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sivikigaa#e16247", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sivikigaa#e16247", "Katersat:lex_124537" ], "id": "sivikip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be of short duration; not last long", "en_short": "to be of short duration", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be of short duration; not last long" } } ], "sivisu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to take a long time; last a long time; be a lengthy process", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sivisu", "notes": [ "Counterpart of sivikip (short duration). Noun sivisooq \"langvarig\" is a different word class; do not collapse this IV onto that noun. Transitive *sivisugaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e16254 \"finder det langvarigt\"; 1927 \"thinks it of long duration\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic sivisuge. FST offers only sivisuge+TV, a competing atomic parse (same caveat as ungasigaa). Do not mint sivisuge.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST writes sivisu+IV; vowel_final_stem vs schwa not independently argued (same deferral as aarlere)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "sivisu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sivisuvoq", "natural": "it lasts a long time; is a lengthy process (Oqaatsit1997:e15346)" }, { "surface": "sivisugaa", "natural": "thinks it of long duration (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e16254)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sivisuvoq#e15346", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sivisuvoq#e14422", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sivisugaa#e16254", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sivisugaa#e16254", "Katersat:lex_124538" ], "id": "sivisu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to take a long time; last a long time; be a lengthy process", "en_short": "to take a long time", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "take a long time; last a long time; be a lengthy process" } } ], "sualup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be too much; be bad; be violent; exceed the ordinary", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sualup", "notes": [ "Transitive *sualugaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e16439 \"finder ham el. det for slem\"; 1927 \"finds him or it too bad\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic sualuge. FST offers sualuge+TV and su+ALUK+GE (competing noun+GE parse, same class of caveat as amigar). Do not mint sualuge.", "Id sualup (not sualu): citation sualuppoq is p-stem gemination, same as silip / amip.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation sualuppoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / amip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "sualup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sualuppoq", "natural": "is too much; is bad; is violent (Oqaatsit1997:e15495; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e14570)" }, { "surface": "sualugaa", "natural": "finds him/it too bad (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e16439)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sualuppoq#e15495", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sualuppoq#e14570", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sualuppoq#e16434", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sualugaa#e16439", "Katersat:lex_709", "Katersat:lex_30899" ], "id": "sualup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be too much; be bad; be violent; exceed the ordinary", "en_short": "to be too much", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be too much; be bad; be violent; exceed the ordinary" } } ], "sakimmer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be unwilling to be without someone or something one is fond of", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sakimmer", "notes": [ "Transitive *sakimmeraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e14975 \"er så glad for ham el. det, at man bliver ked af når det hører op\"; 2018 e13196 \"would not like to be without from him/her/it\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb. Surface *-raa* is regular r-stem+V_gi (cf. *mamaraa*), not a free schwa stem. FST sakimmere+TV is a competing atomic parse only — do NOT treat as free schwa stem. Do not mint sakimmere.", "Non-excess reading: finds him/it so pleasing one would rather not part. Not an object-TV of a distinct sakimmerpaa.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation sakimmerpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "sakimmer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sakimmerpoq", "natural": "would not like to be without someone/something (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e13197; Oqaatsit1997:e14091)" }, { "surface": "sakimmeraa", "natural": "is so pleased with him/it that one is sorry when it ceases (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e14975)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sakimmerpoq#e14091", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sakimmerpoq#e13197", "Oqaatsit1997:sakimmeraa#e14090", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sakimmeraa#e13196", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sakimmeraa#e14975", "Katersat:lex_28500", "Katersat:lex_28501" ], "id": "sakimmer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be unwilling to be without {{Actor}} or something one is fond of", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be unwilling to be without {{Actor}} or something one is fond of" } } ], "kigaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be slow", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kigaap", "notes": [ "No Oqaatsit / 2018 TV headword *kigaagaa* found; FST has none either. Do not mint kigaage. Do not add a V_gi_Vb pedagogy example until a dictionary TV citation exists.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation kigaappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as oqimaap / naap / sivikip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kigaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kigaappoq", "natural": "it is slow (Oqaatsit1997:e6179)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kigaappoq#e6179", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kigaappoq#e5924" ], "id": "kigaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be slow", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be slow" } } ], "pukkip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be low; lie low on the water (of a vessel)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pukkip", "notes": [ "No Oqaatsit / 2018 TV headword *pukkigaa* found; FST has none either. Do not mint pukkige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation pukkippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as kigaap / naap / sivikip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "pukkip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pukkippoq", "natural": "it is low; lies low on the water (Oqaatsit1997:e11867)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pukkippoq#e11867", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pukkippoq#e11140" ], "id": "pukkip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be low; lie low on the water (of a vessel)", "en_short": "to be low", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be low; lie low on the water (of a vessel)" } } ], "ungasip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be far away; be a long way off", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ungasip", "notes": [ "Transitive *ungasigaa* (Oqaatsit1997:e18119 \"synes det er for langt væk\"; 2018 e17149 \"finds it (to be) too far away\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem ungasige. Same pattern as angi / oqip / naap + V_gi_Vb. FST on ungasigaa offers only ungasige+TV, not ungasip+GE; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint ungasige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation ungasippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as pukkip / sivikip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ungasip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ungasippoq", "natural": "it is far away; is a long way off (Oqaatsit1997:e18125)" }, { "surface": "ungasigaa", "natural": "he finds it too far away (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e18119)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ungasippoq#e18125", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ungasippoq#e17155" ], "id": "ungasip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be far away; be a long way off", "en_short": "to be far away", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be far away; be a long way off" } } ], "niller": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be cold", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niller", "notes": [ "Homograph split: Oqaatsit1997 lists two nillerpoq headwords -- e9218 ('er kold') is this entry, and e9219 ('giver et skrig fra sig') is a different sense, left for a future entry. 2018 splits the same way (e8698 vs e8699). Do not pin 1997 e9219 to 2018 e8698.", "No Oqaatsit / 2018 TV headword *nilloraa* / *nillorigaa* found; FST has none either. Do not mint nillore / nillorige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation nillerpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as iluar)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "niller", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nillerpoq", "natural": "it is cold (Oqaatsit1997:e9218)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nillerpoq#e9218", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nillerpoq#e8698" ], "id": "niller", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be cold", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be cold" } } ], "portu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be high; be tall (e.g. a building or a mountain)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "portu", "notes": [ "Counterpart of pukkip (low). Noun portusooq \"something tall\" is this stem plus -sooq, not a separate IV. No Oqaatsit / 2018 TV headword *portugaa* found; FST has none either. Do not mint portuge.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST writes portu+IV; vowel_final_stem vs schwa not independently argued (same deferral as sivisu / sukka)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "portu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "portuvoq", "natural": "it is high; is tall (Oqaatsit1997:e11705)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:portuvoq#e11705", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:portuvoq#e10981" ], "id": "portu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be high; be tall (e.g. a building or a mountain)", "en_short": "to be high", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be high; be tall (e.g. a building or a mountain)" } } ], "sukka": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be going fast; be moving fast", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sukka", "notes": [ "Counterpart of kigaap (slow). *sukkaappoq* (Oqaatsit1997:e15552 \"har ikke meget fart på\"; 2018 e14628) is this stem plus V_it_Vb, not a separate atomic stem sukkaap. FST on sukkaappoq offers sukka+IT beside sukkaap+IV; do not mint sukkaap.", "No Oqaatsit / 2018 TV headword *sukkagaa* found; FST has none either. Do not mint sukkage.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST writes sukka+IV; vowel_final_stem vs schwa not independently argued (same deferral as portu / sivisu)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "sukka", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sukkavoq", "natural": "it is going fast; is moving fast (Oqaatsit1997:e15560)" }, { "surface": "sukkaappoq", "natural": "it is moving slowly (this stem + V_it_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e15552)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sukkavoq#e15560", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sukkavoq#e14637" ], "id": "sukka", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be going fast; be moving fast", "en_short": "to be going fast", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be going fast; be moving fast" } } ], "qanip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be near; be close", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qanip", "notes": [ "Homograph / sense note: this entry is spatial nearness (SchultzLorentzen1926:e6500 \"er nær\"). 2018 e11732 / Oqaatsit1997:e12497 lean \"imminent / upcoming\" — related temporal extension, not a separate stem id here.", "Transitive *qanigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e6506 \"synes der er for nær\"; 1927 \"thinks there is too near\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic qanige. FST offers qanige+TV beside qani+TV — competing parses. Do not mint qanige.", "Distinct from object-TV *qanippaa* (1926 e6501 \"er nær ved ham\"; 2018 e11731 \"is located close to it\") — locative/transitive nearness, not the evaluative *qanigaa* hang.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation qanippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / quiap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qanip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qanippoq", "natural": "is near; is close (SchultzLorentzen1926:e6500)" }, { "surface": "qanigaa", "natural": "finds it too near (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e6506)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:qanippoq#e6500", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qanigaa#e6506" ], "id": "qanip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be near; be close", "en_short": "to be near", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be near; be close" } } ], "qaqor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be white", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qaqor", "notes": [ "Noun qaqortoq \"something white\" is this stem plus -toq, not a separate IV. No Oqaatsit / 2018 TV headword *qaqoraa* / *qaqorigaa* found; FST has none either. Do not mint qaqore / qaqorige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation qaqorpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as niller / iluar)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qaqor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qaqorpoq", "natural": "it is white (Oqaatsit1997:e12581)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qaqorpoq#e12581", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qaqorpoq#e11820" ], "id": "qaqor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be white", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be white" } } ], "sioora": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to dread; be frightened about something", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sioora", "notes": [ "Transitive *siooragaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e16568 \"er angst for ham el. det\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic sioorage. FST offers sioorage+TV. Do not mint sioorage." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "sioora", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "siooravoq", "natural": "is frightened about something (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e14168; SchultzLorentzen1926:e16565)" }, { "surface": "siooragaa", "natural": "fears him/it in advance (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e16568)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:siooravoq#e15088", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:siooravoq#e14168", "SchultzLorentzen1926:siooravoq#e16565", "SchultzLorentzen1926:siooragaa#e16568" ], "id": "sioora", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to dread; be frightened about something", "en_short": "to dread", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "dread; be frightened about something" } } ], "silip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be thick; be wide", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "silip", "notes": [ "Transitive *siligaa* (Kleinschmidt1871:e7870 / SchultzLorentzen1926:e15930 \"finder det for bredt\"; 1951-kal e9542 *(givaa)* cross-ref arligaa) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem silige. Same pattern as ungasip / tataap + V_gi_Vb. Absent as a headword in Oqaatsit1997 / 2018; FST siligaa offers only silige+TV / sili+TV, not silip+GE -- that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint silige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation silippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as pukkip / ungasip / tataap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "silip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "silippoq", "natural": "it is thick; is wide (Oqaatsit1997:e14921)" }, { "surface": "siligaa", "natural": "he finds it too broad / too wide (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e15930; Kleinschmidt1871:e7870)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:silippoq#e14921", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:silippoq#e14003", "SchultzLorentzen1926:siligaa#e15930", "Kleinschmidt1871:siligaa#e7870", "1951-kal:siligaa#e9542" ], "id": "silip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be thick; be wide", "en_short": "to be thick", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be thick; be wide" } } ], "talornar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to seem aloof; make one feel shy; be unpleasant to approach", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "talornar", "notes": [ "Transitive *talornaraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e17263 \"finder ham utilgængelig\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem talornare. FST offers talornare+TV. Do not mint talornare. Not V_nnari_Vb.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation talornarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "talornar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "talornarpoq", "natural": "seems aloof; makes one feel shy (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e15245; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17262)" }, { "surface": "talornaraa", "natural": "finds him unapproachable (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17263)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:talornarpoq#e16238", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:talornarpoq#e15245", "SchultzLorentzen1926:talornarpoq#e17262", "SchultzLorentzen1926:talornaraa#e17263", "Katersat:lex_35347" ], "id": "talornar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to seem aloof; make one feel shy; be unpleasant to approach", "en_short": "to seem aloof", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "seem aloof; make one feel shy; be unpleasant to approach" } } ], "takornar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to see something for the first time", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "takornar", "notes": [ "Transitive *takornaraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e17188 \"finder ham fremmed\"; 1927 \"thinks him or it strange\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem takornare. Not V_nnari_Vb. Do not mint takornare.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation takornarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "takornar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takornarpoq", "natural": "sees something for the first time (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e15146; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17190)" }, { "surface": "takornaraa", "natural": "finds him/it strange; does not recognize him (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17188)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:takornarpoq#e16146", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:takornarpoq#e15146", "SchultzLorentzen1926:takornarpoq#e17190", "SchultzLorentzen1926:takornaraa#e17188", "Katersat:lex_37841" ], "id": "takornar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to see something for the first time", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "see something for the first time" } } ], "tataap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be easily frightened", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tataap", "notes": [ "Transitive *tataagaa* (Oqaatsit1997:e16552 \"er bange for det\"; 2018 e15586 \"is afraid of it\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem tataage. Same pattern as ungasip / naap + V_gi_Vb. FST on tataagaa also offers tataage+TV beside tataap+GE; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint tataage. Distinct from existing ersi \"to be afraid\" (ersivoq).", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation tataappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as ungasip / oqimaap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "tataap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tataappoq", "natural": "is easily frightened (Oqaatsit1997:e16554)" }, { "surface": "tataagaa", "natural": "is afraid of it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e16552)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tataappoq#e16554", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tataappoq#e15588" ], "id": "tataap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be easily frightened", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be easily frightened" } } ], "akikip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be cheap; be a bargain", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akikip", "notes": [ "Do not hang V_gi_Vb on this stem for *akikigaa*. That TV is already this repo's N_kigi_Vb pedagogy on noun aki \"price\" (Bjørnum / Nielsen / MOFO: finds the price too low = aki + N_kigi_Vb). FST akikigaa also offers akikip+GE / akikige+TV; those are competing parses, not a license to mint akikige or to treat akikigaa as this IV plus V_gi_Vb.", "FST also offers aki+KIP / akik+KIP on akikippoq; treat this as a lexicalized IV citation (Oqaatsit1997:e644), not a live mint from those parses.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation akikippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / tataap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akikip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akikippoq", "natural": "it is cheap; is a bargain (Oqaatsit1997:e644)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akikippoq#e644", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akikippoq#e641", "SchultzLorentzen1926:akikippoq#e754", "Kleinschmidt1871:akikippoq#e419" ], "id": "akikip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be cheap; be a bargain", "en_short": "to be cheap", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be cheap; be a bargain" } } ], "eqqumiip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be unusual; be rare; be peculiar", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqqumiip", "notes": [ "Transitive *eqqumiigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3419 \"anser det for mærkeligt\"; 1927-kal-eng e3419 \"considers it peculiar\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem eqqumiige. Same pattern as silip / tataap + V_gi_Vb. FST on eqqumiigaa offers eqqumiip+GE. Absent as a headword in Oqaatsit1997 / 2018 indexes checked. Do not mint eqqumiige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation eqqumiippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / akikip.", "Modern paired rows independently attest unusual/remarkable/extraordinary; Klein also describes the extraordinary artist context with explicitly tentative historical wording. These lexical readings do not license a new stem class, universal artist meaning or atomic transitive eqqumiige. Keep the independently documented V_gi_Vb relation separate." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "eqqumiip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eqqumiippoq", "natural": "it is unusual; is rare; is peculiar (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3416)" }, { "surface": "eqqumiigaa", "natural": "he considers it peculiar (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3419)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:eqqumiippoq#e3416", "SchultzLorentzen1926:eqqumiigaa#e3419", "Katersat:lex_6763", "Oqaatsit1997:eqqumiippoq#e3067", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqumiippoq#e2966" ], "id": "eqqumiip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be unusual; be rare; be peculiar", "en_short": "to be unusual", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be unusual; be rare; be peculiar" } } ], "peqqip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be healthy; be in good health", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "peqqip", "notes": [ "*peqqiippoq* (Oqaatsit1997:e10782 \"er ikke rask\"; 2018 e10102 \"is unhealthy\") is this stem plus V_it_Vb, not a separate atomic stem peqqiip. Same pattern as sukka + V_it_Vb -> sukkaappoq. Do not mint peqqiip.", "FST peqqiigaa offers peqqiip+GE / peqqiige+TV on the unhealthy stem; do not hang V_gi_Vb on peqqip without a dictionary TV citation for *peqqigaa*, and do not mint peqqiige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation peqqippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / akikip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "peqqip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "peqqippoq", "natural": "is healthy; is in good health (Oqaatsit1997:e10785)" }, { "surface": "peqqiippoq", "natural": "is unhealthy; is ill (this stem + V_it_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e10782)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:peqqippoq#e10785", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:peqqippoq#e10105" ], "id": "peqqip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be healthy; be in good health", "en_short": "to be healthy", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be healthy; be in good health" } } ], "tusanngu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be tired of listening to something", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tusanngu", "notes": [ "Transitive *tusanngugaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18748 \"føler sig ilde berørt af det, han hører\"; 1927 \"is unpleasantly affected by what he hears\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic tusannguge. FST offers tusannguge+TV. Do not mint tusannguge." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "tusanngu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tusannguvoq", "natural": "is tired of listening (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18749)" }, { "surface": "tusanngugaa", "natural": "is unpleasantly affected by what he hears (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e18748)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:tusannguvoq#e18749", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tusanngugaa#e18748", "Katersat:lex_120885", "Katersat:lex_120886" ], "id": "tusanngu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be tired of listening to something", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be tired of listening to something" } } ], "tusu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be envious; be jealous of someone", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tusu", "notes": [ "Transitive *tusugaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18802 \"er misundelig på ham\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic tusuge. FST offers tusuge+TV. Do not mint tusuge. Distinct from sinnga / sinngagaa (already in this batch)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "tusu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tusuvoq", "natural": "is envious (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e16547; SchultzLorentzen1926:e18801)" }, { "surface": "tusugaa", "natural": "is envious of him (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e18802)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tusuvoq#e17450", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tusuvoq#e16547", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tusuvoq#e18801", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tusugaa#e18802" ], "id": "tusu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be envious; be jealous of {{Actor}}", "en_short": "to be envious", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be envious; be jealous of {{Actor}}" } } ], "tusarniip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to sound unpleasant; sound ugly", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tusarniip", "notes": [ "Transitive *tusarniigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18775 \"finder det ubehageligt at høre\"; 1927-kal-eng e18775 \"finds it unpleasant to listen to\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem tusarniige. Same pattern as eqqumiip / silip + V_gi_Vb. FST on tusarniigaa also offers tusarniige+TV beside tusarniip+GE; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint tusarniige.", "Distinct from V_nnari_Vb *tusarnaraa* (\"likes to hear it\", from tusar + V_nnari_Vb). Do not collapse tusarniigaa onto that affix.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation tusarniippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as eqqumiip / peqqip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "tusarniip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tusarniippoq", "natural": "sounds unpleasant; sounds ugly (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18776)" }, { "surface": "tusarniigaa", "natural": "finds it unpleasant to listen to (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e18775)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:tusarniippoq#e18776", "SchultzLorentzen1926:tusarniigaa#e18775", "Katersat:lex_18687" ], "id": "tusarniip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to sound unpleasant; sound ugly", "en_short": "to sound unpleasant", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "sound unpleasant; sound ugly" } } ], "inequp": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to cuddle; stroke lovingly; caress", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inequp", "notes": [ "Transitive *inequgaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e4984 \"finder det nydeligt\"; 2018 e4456 \"finds him/her cute\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem inequge. FST offers inequge+TV only (no IV+GE parse). Do not mint inequge.", "Distinct from object-TV *inequppaa* (2018 e4459 / Oqaatsit1997:e4574 \"cuddles it / strokes it\") — plain transitive on this stem, not the evaluative *inequgaa* hang.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation inequppoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / kajumip / quiap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "inequp", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inequppoq", "natural": "cuddles; strokes lovingly (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e4460)" }, { "surface": "inequgaa", "natural": "finds him/her cute (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e4984)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:inequppoq#e4575", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inequppoq#e4460", "SchultzLorentzen1926:inequgaa#e4984", "Katersat:lex_34302" ], "id": "inequp", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to cuddle; stroke lovingly; caress", "en_short": "to cuddle", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "cuddle; stroke lovingly; cares" } } ], "iluaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be wrong; be unjust; be unwell", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iluaap", "notes": [ "Transitive *iluaagaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e4538 \"finder det urigtig; misbilliger\"; 2018 e4074 \"doesn't like it; finds it bothersome\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem iluaage. Same pattern as silip / tusarniip + V_gi_Vb. Distinct from existing iluar \"is good/proper\" (and from holy-sense iluarpoq). FST writes iluaap+IV / iluaap+GE; do not silently assert iluar+V_it_Vb without a dictionary composition path. Do not mint iluaage.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation iluaappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as peqqip / tusarniip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "iluaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "iluaappoq", "natural": "is wrong; is unwell (Oqaatsit1997:e4200; SchultzLorentzen1926:e4536)" }, { "surface": "iluaagaa", "natural": "thinks it wrong; disapproves of it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e4538)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iluaappoq#e4200", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iluaappoq#e4080", "SchultzLorentzen1926:iluaappoq#e4536", "SchultzLorentzen1926:iluaagaa#e4538" ], "id": "iluaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be wrong; be unjust; be unwell", "en_short": "to be wrong", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be wrong; be unjust; be unwell" } } ], "pisu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to walk; to go (of a person)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pisu", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Citation pisuppoq (not *pisupoq): gemination before the -poq ending; underlying stem pisu per Katersat's own FST (lex_149746: pisup+Gram/IV). morphology_class.stem_type follows the vowel_final_stem precedent of qia (same final -u shape; only one alveolar_final_stem precedent exists in verbs.yaml and consonant_final_stem is unattested there), not a new consonant subclass. Distinct from the pisut/pisussa- nominal obligation forms (a different root family); do not mint pisuq." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "pisu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "walks; goes", "en_short": "to walk", "da": "går", "verb_phrase": "walk; go", "da_verb_phrase": "går", "da_short": "går", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pisuppoq", "natural": "walks; goes (of a person) (absolutive 3sg)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pisuppoq#e11542", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pisuppoq#e10833", "Kleinschmidt1871:pisuppoq", "Katersat:lex_149746" ], "id": "pisu", "category": "verbs" } ], "pinniip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be ugly; be plain", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pinniip", "notes": [ "Transitive *pinniigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e14017 \"finder ham (el. det) grim\"; 1927-kal-eng e14017 \"thinks him/it ugly\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem pinniige. Same pattern as tusarniip + V_gi_Vb. No free IV *pinnivoq / *pinnippoq found in DAKA; do not mint a beauty-base ghost to host V_it_Vb. FST pinniigaa also offers pinniige+TV; that is the competing atomic parse. Distinct from V_nnari_Vb *pinnaraa* (dummy {pi}V). Do not mint pinniige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation pinniippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as peqqip / iluaap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "pinniip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pinniippoq", "natural": "is ugly; is plain (Oqaatsit1997:e11369; SchultzLorentzen1926:e14015)" }, { "surface": "pinniigaa", "natural": "thinks him/it ugly (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e14017)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pinniippoq#e11369", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pinniippoq#e10670", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pinniippoq#e14015", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pinniigaa#e14017" ], "id": "pinniip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be ugly; be plain", "en_short": "to be ugly", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be ugly; be plain" } } ], "tukkuip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be stingy; be miserly", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tukkuip", "notes": [ "No Oqaatsit / 2018 / 1926 TV headword *tukkuigaa* found. FST tukkuigaa offers tukkuip+GE / tukkuige+TV; do not mint tukkuige. FST on tukkuippoq also offers tukku+IT / tukkor+VIP; treat this as a lexicalized IV citation, not a live mint from those parses.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation tukkuippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as pinniip / peqqip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "tukkuip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tukkuippoq", "natural": "is stingy; is miserly (Oqaatsit1997:e17156)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tukkuippoq#e17156", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tukkuippoq#e16227" ], "id": "tukkuip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be stingy; be miserly", "en_short": "to be stingy", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be stingy; be miserly" } } ], "ajangip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be pushed back; be frightened off", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajangip", "notes": [ "Transitive *ajangigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e371 \"føler sig stødt tilbage af ham\"; 1927-kal-eng e371 \"feels deterred by him\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem ajangige. Same pattern as ulapip / pinniip + V_gi_Vb. Absent as a headword in Oqaatsit1997 / 2018. Do not mint ajangige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation ajangippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as ulapip / isikip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajangip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ajangippoq", "natural": "is pushed back; is frightened off (SchultzLorentzen1926:e369)" }, { "surface": "ajangigaa", "natural": "feels deterred by him (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e371)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:ajangippoq#e369", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ajangigaa#e371" ], "id": "ajangip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be pushed back; be frightened off", "en_short": "to be pushed back", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be pushed back; be frightened off" } } ], "eer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be disgusted; say fie", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eer", "notes": [ "Transitive *eeraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3141 \"finder det ækelt\"; 1927 \"thinks it disgusting\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem eere. FST offers eere+TV; Katersat eerpoq currently has no FST parse. Do not mint eere.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation eerpoq is not independently typed here (same caution as niller / mamar)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "eer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "eerpoq", "natural": "is disgusted; says fie (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3143)" }, { "surface": "eeraa", "natural": "finds it disgusting (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3141)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:eerpoq#e3143", "SchultzLorentzen1926:eeraa#e3141", "Katersat:lex_185672" ], "id": "eer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be disgusted; say fie", "en_short": "to be disgusted", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be disgusted; say fie" } } ], "ersip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be visible; be audible; be evident", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ersip", "notes": [ "Do not hang *ersigaa* (Oqaatsit1997:e3243 / 2018 e3144 \"is afraid of\") on this stem. That TV is hung on existing ersi + V_gi_Vb (ersivoq e3261 / e3158), not on visible-sense ersippoq. Homograph surface only. Do not mint ersige here.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation ersippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as ulapip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ersip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ersippoq", "natural": "is visible; can be seen/heard (Oqaatsit1997:e3250)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ersippoq#e3250", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ersippoq#e3150", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ersippoq#e3547" ], "id": "ersip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be visible; be audible; be evident", "en_short": "to be visible", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be visible; be audible; be evident" } } ], "isikip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be tight across the toes (of a boot)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isikip", "notes": [ "Transitive *isikigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e5531 \"den klemmer ham over tæerne\"; 1927-kal-eng e5531 \"it squeezes his toes\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem isikige. Absent as a headword in Oqaatsit1997 / 2018. Do not mint isikige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation isikippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as ulapip / ajangip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "isikip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isikippoq", "natural": "is tight across the toes (SchultzLorentzen1926:e5530)" }, { "surface": "isikigaa", "natural": "it squeezes his toes (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e5531)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:isikippoq#e5530", "SchultzLorentzen1926:isikigaa#e5531" ], "id": "isikip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be tight across the toes (of a boot)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be tight across the toes (of a boot)" } } ], "uggor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be annoyed; be angry; regret", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uggor", "notes": [ "Transitive *uggoraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18874 \"ærgrer sig over det\"; 2018 e16661 \"regrets it; thinks it is a pity\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem uggore. FST offers uggore+TV. Do not mint uggore.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation uggorpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "uggor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uggorpoq", "natural": "is annoyed; is angry (SchultzLorentzen1926:e18873)" }, { "surface": "uggoraa", "natural": "is annoyed about it; regrets it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e18874)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uggoraa#e17625", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uggoraa#e16661", "SchultzLorentzen1926:uggorpoq#e18873", "SchultzLorentzen1926:uggoraa#e18874" ], "id": "uggor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be annoyed; be angry; regret", "en_short": "to be annoyed", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be annoyed; be angry; regret" } } ], "ulapip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be busy", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ulapip", "notes": [ "Transitive *ulapigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e19216 \"har ikke tid til det\"; 1927-kal-eng e19216 \"has no time for it\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem ulapige. Same pattern as pinniip / tusarniip + V_gi_Vb. No Oqaatsit / 2018 TV headword; do not mint ulapige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation ulapippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as peqqip / pinniip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ulapip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ulapippoq", "natural": "is busy (Oqaatsit1997:e17844)" }, { "surface": "ulapigaa", "natural": "has no time for it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e19216)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ulapippoq#e17844", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ulapippoq#e16885", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ulapippoq#e19214", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ulapigaa#e19216" ], "id": "ulapip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be busy", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be busy" } } ], "alaakip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have a small sole (of a shoe/boot)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alaakip", "notes": [ "Transitive *alaakigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1014 \"den er for lille i sålen\"; 1927-kal-eng e1014 \"the sole is too small for him\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem alaakige. Absent as a headword in Oqaatsit1997 / 2018. Do not mint alaakige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation alaakippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as isikip / ninnip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alaakip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "alaakippoq", "natural": "has a small sole (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1013)" }, { "surface": "alaakigaa", "natural": "the sole is too small for him (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1014)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:alaakippoq#e1013", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alaakigaa#e1014" ], "id": "alaakip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have a small sole (of a shoe/boot)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have a small sole (of a shoe/boot)" } } ], "kakap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be extremely capable; go too far; be too much", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kakap", "notes": [ "Homograph split: this entry is the capable / goes-too-far sense (SchultzLorentzen1926:e8247; Oqaatsit1997:e5737). Distinct from 2018 *kakappoq* e5532 / Oqaatsit1997:e5736 \"lets someone ride on the shoulders\" and TV *kakappaa* e5735 — do not collapse those onto this stem.", "Transitive *kakagaa* (1926 e8250 \"synes at det er for galt\"; 2018 e5529 \"finds him/her capable\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic kakage. FST also offers kakak+GE (noun pinhead) — competing parse. Do not mint kakage.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation kakappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / quiap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kakap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kakappoq", "natural": "is extremely capable; goes too far (Oqaatsit1997:e5737; SchultzLorentzen1926:e8247)" }, { "surface": "kakagaa", "natural": "finds him/her capable; thinks it too much (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5529)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kakappoq#e5737", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kakagaa#e5529", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kakappoq#e8247", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kakagaa#e8250" ], "id": "kakap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be extremely capable; go too far; be too much", "en_short": "to be extremely capable", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be extremely capable; go too far; be too much" } } ], "kakkap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be very skilled; be very capable", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kakkap", "notes": [ "Transitive *kakkagaa* (2018 e5549 \"thinks he/she is capable\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem kakkage. FST offers kakkage+TV. Do not mint kakkage. Related to but kept separate from kakap.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation kakkappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / quiap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kakkap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kakkappoq", "natural": "is very skilled; very capable (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5551)" }, { "surface": "kakkagaa", "natural": "thinks he/she is capable (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5549)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kakkappoq#e5757", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kakkappoq#e5551", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kakkagaa#e5549" ], "id": "kakkap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be very skilled; be very capable", "en_short": "to be very skilled", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be very skilled; be very capable" } } ], "kajunger": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to feel attracted; long for; desire", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kajunger", "notes": [ "Transitive *kajungeraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e8240; 2018 e5522 \"is attracted\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic kajungere. FST offers kajungere+TV. Do not mint kajungere.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation kajungerpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kajunger", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kajungerpoq", "natural": "feels attracted; has a desire (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5525; SchultzLorentzen1926:e8243)" }, { "surface": "kajungeraa", "natural": "is attracted to it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e8240)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kajungerpoq#e5729", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kajungerpoq#e5525", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kajungerpoq#e8243", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kajungeraa#e8240", "Katersat:lex_8790" ], "id": "kajunger", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to feel attracted; long for; desire", "en_short": "to feel attracted", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "feel attracted; long for; desire" } } ], "kajumip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be willing; have desire", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kajumip", "notes": [ "Transitive *kajumigaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5511 \"desires for it to happen\"; SchultzLorentzen1926:e8233 \"har lyst til det\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem kajumige. Same pattern as ulapip / paamip + V_gi_Vb. FST on kajumigaa offers only kajumige+TV; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint kajumige.", "Do not collapse *kajumiippoq* (2018 e5512 \"doesn't feel well\") onto this stem as V_it_Vb — different sense, not \"unwilling\". Do not mint kajumiip from that headword here.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation kajumippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as kisip / paamip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kajumip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kajumippoq", "natural": "is willing; has desire (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5516)" }, { "surface": "kajumigaa", "natural": "would like to do it; desires it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e5511)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kajumippoq#e5516", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kajumigaa#e5511", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kajumigaa#e8233" ], "id": "kajumip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be willing; have desire", "en_short": "to be willing", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be willing; have desire" } } ], "kingunertu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to leave a feeling of longing; be missed; be fruitful", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kingunertu", "notes": [ "Transitive *kingunertugaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e9218 \"finder det følgerigt; savner ham\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic kingunertuge. FST offers kingunertuge+TV beside compositional kingu+NIQ+TU / kinguneq+TU — keep this as a lexicalized IV headword. Do not mint kingunertuge." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kingunertu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kingunertuvoq", "natural": "leaves a feeling of longing (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6219; SchultzLorentzen1926:e9217)" }, { "surface": "kingunertugaa", "natural": "misses him; finds it fruitful (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e9218)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kingunertuvoq#e6494", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kingunertuvoq#e6219", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kingunertuvoq#e9217", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kingunertugaa#e9218" ], "id": "kingunertu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to leave a feeling of longing; be missed; be fruitful", "en_short": "to leave a feeling of longing", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "leave a feeling of longing; be missed; be fruitful" } } ], "kisip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be shy; be reserved; hold back", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kisip", "notes": [ "Transitive *kisigaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6298 \"is too shy to act\"; SchultzLorentzen1926:e9332 \"holder sig tilbage fra ham\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem kisige. Same pattern as kajumip + V_gi_Vb. FST offers only kisige+TV; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint kisige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation kisippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as kajumip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kisip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is shy; is reserved; holds back", "en_short": "to be shy", "verb_phrase": { "default": "be shy; be reserved; hold back", "past": "be shy; be reserved; held back" }, "da_verb_phrase": { "default": "være tilbageholdende; holde sig tilbage", "perfect": "være tilbageholdende; have holdt sig tilbage" }, "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kisippoq", "natural": "is shy; is reserved (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6304)" }, { "surface": "kisigaa", "natural": "is too shy to act / holds back from him (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6298)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kisippoq#e6304", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kisigaa#e6298", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kisippoq#e9331", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kisigaa#e9332" ], "id": "kisip", "category": "verbs" } ], "sarpitsup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to tend to go crookedly to the right (of a missile)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sarpitsup", "notes": [ "Transitive *sarpitsugaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e15364) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem sarpitsuge. FST offers sarpitsuge+TV. Do not mint sarpitsuge.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation sarpitsuppoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / quiap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "sarpitsup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sarpitsuppoq", "natural": "tends to go crookedly right (SchultzLorentzen1926:e15362)" }, { "surface": "sarpitsugaa", "natural": "tends to go crookedly right of him (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e15364)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:sarpitsuppoq#e15362", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sarpitsugaa#e15364" ], "id": "sarpitsup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to tend to go crookedly to the right (of a missile)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "tend to go crookedly to the right (of a missile)" } } ], "serler": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be unlucky; bring bad luck; make oneself unpleasantly noticed", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "serler", "notes": [ "Transitive *serleraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e15580 \"ønsker ham langt borte…\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic serlere. FST offers serlere+TV. Do not mint serlere.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation serlerpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "serler", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "serlerpoq", "natural": "is unlucky; brings bad luck (SchultzLorentzen1926:e15578)" }, { "surface": "serleraa", "natural": "wishes him far away as unlucky (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e15580)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:serlerpoq#e15578", "SchultzLorentzen1926:serleraa#e15580" ], "id": "serler", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be unlucky; bring bad luck; make oneself unpleasantly noticed", "en_short": "to be unlucky", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be unlucky; bring bad luck; make oneself unpleasantly noticed" } } ], "siani": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be alert; be clear-headed; sense", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "siani", "notes": [ "Transitive *sianigaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e13765 \"is aware of it\"; SchultzLorentzen1926:e15664 \"mærker det; fornemmer det\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem sianige. Same pattern as kajumip / ersi + V_gi_Vb. FST offers only sianige+TV; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint sianige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST writes siani+IV; vowel_final_stem vs schwa not independently argued (same deferral as sivisu / sukka)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "siani", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sianivoq", "natural": "is alert; is clear-headed (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e13780)" }, { "surface": "sianigaa", "natural": "is aware of it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e13765)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sianivoq#e13780", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sianigaa#e13765", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sianivoq#e15663", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sianigaa#e15664" ], "id": "siani", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be alert; be clear-headed; sense", "en_short": "to be alert", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be alert; be clear-headed; sense" } } ], "narlanngu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to get a bad smell in the nose; smell an evil odour", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "narlanngu", "notes": [ "Transitive *narlanngugaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e11557 \"synes, at det lugter ilde\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem narlannguge. FST offers narlannguge+TV. Do not mint narlannguge.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation narlannguvoq is not independently typed here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "narlanngu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "narlannguvoq", "natural": "smells an evil odour (SchultzLorentzen1926:e11558)" }, { "surface": "narlanngugaa", "natural": "thinks it smells bad (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e11557)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:narlannguvoq#e11558", "SchultzLorentzen1926:narlanngugaa#e11557", "Katersat:lex_17022" ], "id": "narlanngu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to get a bad smell in the nose; smell an evil odour", "en_short": "to get a bad smell in the nose", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "get a bad smell in the nose; smell an evil odour" } } ], "narru": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to dislike; reject; despise", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "narru", "notes": [ "Transitive *narrugaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8374 \"hates it; finds it disgusting\"; SchultzLorentzen1926:e11583 \"foragter\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem narruge. Same pattern as qunu / kajumip + V_gi_Vb. FST offers only narruge+TV; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint narruge.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST writes narru+IV; vowel_final_stem vs schwa not independently argued (same deferral as siani / qunu)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "narru", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "narruvoq", "natural": "dislikes; rejects (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8380)" }, { "surface": "narrugaa", "natural": "hates it; finds it disgusting (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8374)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:narruvoq#e8380", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:narrugaa#e8374", "SchultzLorentzen1926:narruvoq#e11582", "SchultzLorentzen1926:narrugaa#e11583" ], "id": "narru", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to dislike; reject; despise", "en_short": "to dislike", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "dislike; reject; despise" } } ], "pikkunar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be powerful; be effective; be nutritious (of food)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pikkunar", "notes": [ "Transitive *pikkunaraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e13869 \"finder det kraftigt, virksomt\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem pikkunare. Do not mint pikkunare. Not V_nnari_Vb.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation pikkunarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "pikkunar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pikkunarpoq", "natural": "is powerful; is nutritious (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e10394; SchultzLorentzen1926:e13870)" }, { "surface": "pikkunaraa", "natural": "finds it powerful / effective (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e13869)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pikkunarpoq#e11082", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pikkunarpoq#e10394", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pikkunarpoq#e13870", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pikkunaraa#e13869", "Katersat:lex_22868" ], "id": "pikkunar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be powerful; be effective; be nutritious (of food)", "en_short": "to be powerful", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be powerful; be effective; be nutritious (of food)" } } ], "pilere": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to want to; look forward to", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pilere", "notes": [ "Transitive *pilerigaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e10435 \"would like to have it; covets it\"; SchultzLorentzen1926:e13910 \"har lyst til det\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem pilerige. Same pattern as aarlere / kajumip + V_gi_Vb. FST on pilerivoq also offers pileri+IV beside pilere+IV; FST on pilerigaa offers only pilerige+TV. Do not mint pilerige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST/orthography -e is schwa (same deferral as aarlere / akuere; AITWG:§6.4 is nominal)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "pilere", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pilerivoq", "natural": "wants to; looks forward to (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e10443)" }, { "surface": "pilerigaa", "natural": "would like to have it; covets it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e10435)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pilerivoq#e10443", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pilerigaa#e10435", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pilerigaa#e13910" ], "id": "pilere", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to want to; look forward to", "en_short": "to want to", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "want to; look forward to" } } ], "qunu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be afraid; not dare to try", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qunu", "notes": [ "Transitive *qunugaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e12925 \"is worried about him/her\"; SchultzLorentzen1926:e8072 \"tør ikke give sig i kast med\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem qunuge. Same pattern as ersi / narru + V_gi_Vb. Distinct from ersi \"to be afraid\" (ersivoq / ersigaa). FST offers only qunuge+TV; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint qunuge.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST writes qunu+IV; vowel_final_stem vs schwa not independently argued (same deferral as narru / siani)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qunu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qunuvoq", "natural": "is afraid; does not dare (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e12935)" }, { "surface": "qunugaa", "natural": "is worried about him/her; dare not take him on (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e12925)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qunuvoq#e12935", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qunugaa#e12925", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qunuvoq#e8068", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qunugaa#e8072" ], "id": "qunu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be afraid; not dare to try", "en_short": "to be afraid", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be afraid; not dare to try" } } ], "maajup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to feel loathing; be repelled; be fastidious", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "maajup", "notes": [ "Transitive *maajugaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e10248 \"væmmes ved det\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem maajuge. FST offers maajuge+TV. Do not mint maajuge.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation maajuppoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / quiap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "maajup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "maajuppoq", "natural": "is repelled; feels loathing (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6747; SchultzLorentzen1926:e10247)" }, { "surface": "maajugaa", "natural": "feels loathing for it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e10248)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:maajuppoq#e7133", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:maajuppoq#e6747", "SchultzLorentzen1926:maajuppoq#e10247", "SchultzLorentzen1926:maajugaa#e10248", "Katersat:lex_13450" ], "id": "maajup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to feel loathing; be repelled; be fastidious", "en_short": "to feel loathing", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "feel loathing; be repelled; be fastidious" } } ], "mamar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to taste good", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mamar", "notes": [ "Transitive *mamaraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e9966 \"finder smag i det\"; 1927 \"likes the taste of it\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem mamare. Same pattern as naammap / ninnip + V_gi_Vb. Do not mint mamare.", "*mamaappoq* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6920 / SchultzLorentzen1926:e9964 \"tastes bad\") is this stem plus V_it_Vb, not a separate atomic stem mamaap. Same pattern as peqqip + V_it_Vb -> peqqiippoq. Do not mint mamaap.", "Transitive *mamaagaa* (2018 e6919 / 1926 e9965 \"dislikes its taste\") is mamar + V_it_Vb + V_gi_Vb (FST mamar+IT+GE), not atomic mamaage and not a hang of V_gi_Vb directly on the negative stem alone. Do not mint mamaage / mamaap.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation mamarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as niller / iluar)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mamar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "mamarpoq", "natural": "tastes good (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6937; SchultzLorentzen1926:e9962)" }, { "surface": "mamaraa", "natural": "likes the taste of it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e9966)" }, { "surface": "mamaappoq", "natural": "tastes bad (this stem + V_it_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6920)" }, { "surface": "mamaagaa", "natural": "dislikes its taste (mamar + V_it_Vb + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6919)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mamarpoq#e6937", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mamaappoq#e6920", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mamaagaa#e6919", "SchultzLorentzen1926:mamarpoq#e9962", "SchultzLorentzen1926:mamaraa#e9966", "SchultzLorentzen1926:mamaappoq#e9964", "SchultzLorentzen1926:mamaagaa#e9965" ], "id": "mamar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to taste good", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "taste good" } } ], "nangiar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be giddy; be kayak-dizzy; be nervous in steep or sea places", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nangiar", "notes": [ "Transitive *nangiaraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e11350 \"er bange for det\"; 2018 e8215 \"reluctant to venture out in it\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic nangiare. Do not mint nangiare.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation nangiarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nangiar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nangiarpoq", "natural": "is kayak-dizzy; is giddy (Oqaatsit1997:e8701; SchultzLorentzen1926:e11347)" }, { "surface": "nangiaraa", "natural": "dare not venture into it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e11350)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nangiarpoq#e8701", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nangiarpoq#e8217", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nangiarpoq#e11347", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nangiaraa#e11350" ], "id": "nangiar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be giddy; be kayak-dizzy; be nervous in steep or sea places", "en_short": "to be giddy", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be giddy; be kayak-dizzy; be nervous in steep or sea places" } } ], "nunangiap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be dissatisfied with one's abode", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nunangiap", "notes": [ "Transitive *nunangiagaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e12697 \"er utilfreds med det (sit opholdssted); finder det sted ubehageligt\"; 1927 \"thinks the place where he lives unpleasant\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic nunangiage. FST offers nunangiage+TV and nunangiak+GE. Soft note (STRENGTHEN): 1926 e12696 *nunangiak* = alder (elletræ) — FST nunangiak+GE is a real homonym collision with this evaluative hang. Prefer the live IV hang. Do not mint nunangiage.", "Soft note (STRENGTHEN): 1926 e12699 *nunangiappaa* / *nunangiatserpaa* \"farver det (skindet i rød fyrrebark)\" is dye/object-TV of a distinct sense, not evaluative *nunangiagaa* (takorannaarpaa-class split: ordinary object-TV ≠ V_gi_Vb). Do not collapse *nunangiappaa* onto this hang.", "Id nunangiap (not nunangia): citation nunangiappoq is p-stem gemination, same as arpingiap / silip.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation nunangiappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as arpingiap / silip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nunangiap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nunangiappoq", "natural": "is dissatisfied with his/her abode (SchultzLorentzen1926:e12698)" }, { "surface": "nunangiagaa", "natural": "finds the place where he lives unpleasant (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e12697)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:nunangiappoq#e12698", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nunangiagaa#e12697", "Katersat:lex_19823", "Katersat:lex_19821" ], "id": "nunangiap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be dissatisfied with one's abode", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be dissatisfied with one's abode" } } ], "naker": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to go straight; be a good shot; hit the mark", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naker", "notes": [ "Homograph split: this entry is the good-shot / goes-straight sense (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nakerpoq#e7905; Oqaatsit1997:e8362 \"er træfsikker\"; SchultzLorentzen1926:e10987). Distinct from 2018 *nakerpoq* e7904 / Oqaatsit1997:e8363 \"there is a strong current\" — do not collapse those rows onto this stem.", "Transitive *nakeraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e10988 \"synes at det går lige; synes bedst om ham\"; 2018 e7900 \"likes him/her\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem nakere. Older gloss is evaluative on the straight/true sense; modern dictionaries lean \"likes / is fond of\". FST offers nakere+TV. Do not mint nakere.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation nakerpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naker", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nakerpoq", "natural": "is a good shot; hits the mark (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e7905; Oqaatsit1997:e8362; SchultzLorentzen1926:e10987)" }, { "surface": "nakeraa", "natural": "likes him/her; thinks it goes straight (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e10988)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nakerpoq#e8362", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nakerpoq#e7905", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nakerpoq#e10987", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nakeraa#e10988", "Katersat:lex_6745" ], "id": "naker", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to go straight; be a good shot; hit the mark", "en_short": "to go straight", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "go straight; be a good shot; hit the mark" } } ], "naammap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be enough; be satisfactory", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naammap", "notes": [ "Transitive *naammagaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e7699 \"thinks that it is sufficient\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem naammage. Same pattern as silip / ninnip + V_gi_Vb. FST offers only naammage+TV; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint naammage.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation naammappoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as neriup / peqqip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naammap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naammappoq", "natural": "is enough; is satisfactory (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e7707)" }, { "surface": "naammagaa", "natural": "thinks it is sufficient (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e7699)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naammappoq#e7707", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naammagaa#e7699" ], "id": "naammap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be enough; be satisfactory", "en_short": "to be enough", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be enough; be satisfactory" } } ], "neriup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to hope", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "neriup", "notes": [ "Transitive *neriugaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8526 \"hopes that it will happen\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem neriuge. Same pattern as kajumip / naammap + V_gi_Vb. FST offers only neriuge+TV; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint neriuge.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation neriuppoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as naammap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "neriup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "neriuppoq", "natural": "hopes (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8534)" }, { "surface": "neriugaa", "natural": "hopes that it will happen (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8526)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:neriuppoq#e8534", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:neriugaa#e8526" ], "id": "neriup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to hope", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "hope" } } ], "nika": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be dejected; be sad; be aggrieved", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nika", "notes": [ "Transitive *nikagaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8646 \"doesn't think much of him/her\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem nikage. Same pattern as narru / pinniip + V_gi_Vb. FST offers only nikage+TV; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint nikage.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST writes nika+IV; vowel_final_stem vs schwa not independently argued (same deferral as unga / siani)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nika", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nikavoq", "natural": "is dejected; is sad (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8661)" }, { "surface": "nikagaa", "natural": "doesn't think much of him/her (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8646)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nikavoq#e8661", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nikagaa#e8646" ], "id": "nika", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be dejected; be sad; be aggrieved", "en_short": "to be dejected", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be dejected; be sad; be aggrieved" } } ], "usore": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to envy him/her; wish to be in his/her place", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "usore", "notes": [ "Schwa stem (MOFO {usurə}). Transitive *usoraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e19831; 2018 e17385) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not usorup + V_gi_Vb (that would be *usorugaa). FST offers usore+TV. Related *usornarpoq* (1926 e19833 \"misundelsesværdig\") is the V_naq-type enviable formation, not a free IV for this hang.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset (same schwa/-ge deferral as akaare / alutore)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "usore", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "usoraa", "natural": "is envious of him/her (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e19831; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e17385)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:usoraa#e18362", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:usoraa#e17385", "SchultzLorentzen1926:usoraa#e19831", "SchultzLorentzen1926:usornarpoq#e19833" ], "id": "usore", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to envy him/her; wish to be in his/her place", "en_short": "to envy him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "envy him/her; wish to be in his/her place" } } ], "usorup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be envious; wish to be in another's place", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "usorup", "notes": [ "IV-only here. Do not hang *usoraa* on this stem — that would surface as *usorugaa. *usoraa* is schwa-stem usore + V_gi_Vb (MOFO {usurə}; cf. *usornarpoq*). Distinct from tusu / sinnga.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation usoruppoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / quiap." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "usorup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "usoruppoq", "natural": "is envious; wishes another's place (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e17393; SchultzLorentzen1926:e19846)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:usoruppoq#e18370", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:usoruppoq#e17393", "SchultzLorentzen1926:usoruppoq#e19846" ], "id": "usorup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be envious; wish to be in another's place", "en_short": "to be envious", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be envious; wish to be in another's place" } } ], "unga_v": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to cling to someone; be reluctant to be separated", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "unga", "notes": [ "Id unga_v (not bare unga): cross-file collision with bound noun unga in nouns_mofo_derived.yaml (\"area beyond a barrier\"). Same _v homograph convention as aki_v / isuma_v / pi_v. underlying_form remains unga.", "Transitive *ungagaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e17127 \"clings to him/her; cannot be without\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem ungage. Same pattern as nika / qunu + V_gi_Vb. Distinct from ungasip \"is far away\". FST offers only ungage+TV; that is the competing atomic parse. Do not mint ungage.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST writes unga+IV; vowel_final_stem vs schwa not independently argued (same deferral as nika)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "unga_v", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ungavoq", "natural": "clings; is reluctant to be separated (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e17161)" }, { "surface": "ungagaa", "natural": "clings to him/her; cannot be without (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e17127)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ungavoq#e17161", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ungagaa#e17127" ], "id": "unga_v", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to cling to {{Actor}}; be reluctant to be separated", "en_short": "to cling to {{Actor}}", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "cling to {{Actor}}; be reluctant to be separated" } } ], "ninnip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be tight; be cramped", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ninnip", "notes": [ "Transitive *ninnigaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8739 \"is too tight/small for\"; SchultzLorentzen1926:e12390 \"finder det snævert\"; Kleinschmidt1871:e6016) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem ninnige. Same pattern as isikip / silip + V_gi_Vb. Do not mint ninnige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation ninnippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as paamip / isikip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ninnip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ninnippoq", "natural": "is tight; is cramped (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8742)" }, { "surface": "ninnigaa", "natural": "is too tight/small for him/her (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e8739)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ninnippoq#e8742", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ninnigaa#e8739", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ninnigaa#e12390", "Kleinschmidt1871:ninnippoq#e6015", "Kleinschmidt1871:ninnigaa#e6016" ], "id": "ninnip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be tight; be cramped", "en_short": "to be tight", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be tight; be cramped" } } ], "orraja": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be cranky; tend to roll (of a boat or kayak)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "orraja", "notes": [ "Transitive *orrajagaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e13080 \"synes, at den er rank\"; 1927 \"thinks that it is cranky\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem orrajage. FST offers orrajage+TV. Do not mint orrajage.", "1926 Danish \"rank\" matches the older nautical sense; 2018/1997 IV glosses are \"rolls / goes off course\". TV is 1926/1927 only.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation orrajavoq is vowel-final in form but not independently typed here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "orraja", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "orrajavoq", "natural": "is cranky; tends to roll (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e9626; SchultzLorentzen1926:e13079)" }, { "surface": "orrajagaa", "natural": "thinks it is cranky (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e13080)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:orrajavoq#e10262", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:orrajavoq#e9626", "SchultzLorentzen1926:orrajavoq#e13079", "SchultzLorentzen1926:orrajagaa#e13080", "Katersat:lex_21688" ], "id": "orraja", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be cranky; tend to roll (of a boat or kayak)", "en_short": "to be cranky", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be cranky; tend to roll (of a boat or kayak)" } } ], "paamip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to itch; tickle; be (unpleasantly) noticeable", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paamip", "notes": [ "Transitive *paamigaa* (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e9684 \"is annoyed by insistent demands\"; SchultzLorentzen1926:e13228 \"finder det generende\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem paamige. Same pattern as ulapip / pinniip + V_gi_Vb. Do not mint paamige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation paamippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as ninnip / ulapip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "paamip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "paamippoq", "natural": "it itches; tickles (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e9686)" }, { "surface": "paamigaa", "natural": "is annoyed by his/her insistent demands (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e9684)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paamippoq#e9686", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paamigaa#e9684", "SchultzLorentzen1926:paamippoq#e13227", "SchultzLorentzen1926:paamigaa#e13228", "Kleinschmidt1871:paamippoq#e6579" ], "id": "paamip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to itch; tickle; be (unpleasantly) noticeable", "en_short": "to itch", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "itch; tickle; be (unpleasantly) noticeable" } } ], "ipi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to drown; to suffocate", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ipi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ipi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "drowns; suffocates", "en_short": "to drown", "da": "drukner; kvæles", "verb_phrase": "drowns; suffocates", "da_verb_phrase": "drukner; kvæles", "da_short": "drukner; kvæles", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ipivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ipivoq", "Katersat:lex_33905" ], "id": "ipi", "category": "verbs" } ], "isa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to moult; to shed feathers", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isa", "notes": [ "Homograph split: Oqaatsit1997/Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts both duplicate this headword across two unnumbered senses -- the molting sense modeled here (pinned #e5049/#e4925) and 'falder fra hinanden falder sammen'/'falls apart; collapses' (a different, unrelated sense, left for a future entry)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "isa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has lost its wing feathers while molting", "en_short": "to moult", "da": "har tabt vingefjerene under fældning", "da_short": "har tabt vingefjerene under fældning", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:isavoq#e5049", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isavoq#e4925", "Katersat:lex_282" ], "id": "isa", "category": "verbs" } ], "iti": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be deep", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iti" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "iti", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is deep", "da": "er dyb", "verb_phrase": "be deep", "da_verb_phrase": "er dyb", "da_short": "er dyb", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:itivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:itivoq", "Katersat:lex_34589" ], "id": "iti", "category": "verbs" } ], "iva": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to incubate; to brood; to sit on eggs", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iva" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "iva", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is brooding; is sitting (of a bird)", "en_short": "to incubate", "da": "ruger; ligger på æg", "verb_phrase": "brood; sit (of a bird)", "da_verb_phrase": "ruger; ligger på æg", "da_short": "ruger; ligger på æg", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ivavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ivavoq", "Katersat:lex_34616" ], "id": "iva", "category": "verbs" } ], "kaa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to come loose (of hair, from a skin)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_explanation", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:kaa:d1dc85095877", "items": [ { "text": "to come loose", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "primary gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:kaavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaavoq", "Katersat:lex_12630" ], "rationale": "The cited entries support the event “come loose”." }, { "text": "of hair, from a skin", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "specifies the participants and source surface", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:kaavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaavoq", "Katersat:lex_12630" ], "rationale": "The cited examples specify hair coming loose from a skin; this is argument/context information, not alternatives." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaa", "notes": [ "Corrected during review: originally modeled as valency:transitive ('to loosen'), but the actual cited row is intransitive/stative -- 'the hair itself loosens', not 'X loosens the hair'. Danish 'loesne' is ambiguously transitive/intransitive; the attested Kalaallisut sense (-voq, 3sg intransitive, subject 'haarene') settles it." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kaa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "the hair is loosening or coming off a skin", "da": "hårene løsner sig fra skindet", "verb_phrase": "have the hair loosen or come off a skin", "da_verb_phrase": "hårene løsner sig fra skindet", "da_short": "hårene løsner sig fra skindet", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kaavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaavoq", "Katersat:lex_12630" ], "id": "kaa", "category": "verbs" } ], "kui": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be poured out; to spill", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kui" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kui", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has been poured out; has spilled", "en_short": "to be poured out", "da": "er hældt ud; er spildt", "da_short": "er hældt ud; er spildt", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kuivoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kuivoq", "Katersat:lex_5039" ], "id": "kui", "category": "verbs" } ], "maa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to sink in (with one's feet)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "maa" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "maa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "sinks in with the feet", "da": "synker i med fødderne", "verb_phrase": "sinks in with the feet", "da_verb_phrase": "synker i med fødderne", "da_short": "synker i med fødderne", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:maavoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:maavoq", "Katersat:lex_15289" ], "id": "maa", "category": "verbs" } ], "matu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to close; to put a lid or cover on something", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "matu", "notes": [ "Citation form corrected during review: Katersat's own lexicon (lex_14012) gives the transitive citation form 'matuaa', not 'matuvoq'. The original PR cited 'matuvoq', a real but unrelated intransitive/stative dictionary entry ('is closed') that happens to share the spelling -- not this word. 'matuaa' is a single, unambiguous headword in both cited dictionaries." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "matu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "closes it; puts a lid on it; puts its cover on", "en_short": "to close", "da": "lukker det; dækker det til", "da_short": "lukker det; dækker det til", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:matuaa#e7588", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:matuaa#e7194", "Katersat:lex_14012" ], "id": "matu", "category": "verbs" } ], "naa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to end; to finish something", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naa", "notes": [ "Citation form corrected during review: Katersat's own lexicon (lex_8076) gives the transitive citation form 'naavaa', not 'naavoq'. The original PR cited 'naavoq', a real but unrelated intransitive/stative dictionary entry ('is over; is finished') that happens to share the spelling -- not this word. 'naavaa' itself duplicates its headword across two unnumbered senses in both dictionaries ('has finished it' -- this entry, pinned -- vs. 'can smell it; catches the scent of it', a wholly unrelated homograph left for a future entry)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has finished it; has completed it", "en_short": "to end", "da": "har afsluttet det; er færdig med det", "da_short": "har afsluttet det; er færdig med det", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naavaa#e8264", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naavaa#e7816", "Katersat:lex_8076" ], "id": "naa", "category": "verbs" } ], "peru": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to imitate", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "peru", "notes": [ "Citation form corrected during review: Katersat's own lexicon (lex_22607) gives the transitive citation form 'peruaa', not 'peruvoq' (which does not resolve in any cited dictionary at all). 'peruaa' duplicates its headword across three unnumbered Oqaatsit1997 senses; pinned to the imitation sense (#e10937, corroborated by the neighbouring #e10938 'efterligner barnets maade at vaere paa' -- imitates the child's way of being). The other Oqaatsit1997 sense and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts's only peruaa hit ('places something on top of it to keep it from blowing away') are a different, unrelated homograph -- deliberately not cited here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "peru", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has come to do just like him; imitates", "da": "er kommet til at gøre lige som ham", "da_short": "er kommet til at gøre lige som ham", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:peruaa#e10937", "Katersat:lex_22607" ], "id": "peru", "category": "verbs" } ], "sinnga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be envious; to be jealous", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sinnga", "notes": [ "Transitive *sinngagaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e16058 \"misunder ham\"; 2018 e14144 \"is jealous of him/her\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem sinngage. FST offers sinngage+TV. Do not mint sinngage." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "sinnga", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is envious; is jealous", "en_short": "to be envious", "da": "er misundelig; er jaloux", "verb_phrase": "be envious; be jealous", "da_verb_phrase": "er misundelig; er jaloux", "da_short": "er misundelig", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sinngavoq", "natural": "is envious; is jealous (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e14146)" }, { "surface": "sinngagaa", "natural": "envies him/her (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e16058)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sinngavoq#e15065", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sinngavoq#e14146", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sinngavoq#e16057", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sinngagaa#e16058" ], "id": "sinnga", "category": "verbs" } ], "taa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to call someone/something by a name; to name", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taa", "notes": [ "Citation form corrected during review: Katersat's own lexicon (lex_18864) gives the transitive citation form 'taavaa', not 'taavoq' (which does not resolve in either cited dictionary as its own headword -- only compounds like '-taavoq' do). 'taavaa' duplicates its headword across four unnumbered senses in both dictionaries; pinned to the naming/calling sense (#e16076/#e15078). The other three ('nævner det'/'mentions it', 'stemmer på ham'/'votes for him', 'sender ham af sted med en besked'/'sends him off with a message') are unrelated homographs, deliberately not cited here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "taa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "calls him/her/it", "en_short": "to call {{Subject}} by a name", "da": "kalder ham noget; kalder det noget", "verb_phrase": "calls him/her/it", "da_verb_phrase": "kalder ham noget; kalder det noget", "da_short": "kalder ham noget; kalder det noget", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:taavaa#e16076", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:taavaa#e15078", "Katersat:lex_18864" ], "id": "taa", "category": "verbs" } ], "tasi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to stretch something out; to extend", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tasi", "notes": [ "Corrected during review: originally modeled as valency:intransitive with citation form 'tasivoq', which does not resolve in either cited dictionary. Katersat's own lexicon (lex_34931) gives the transitive citation form 'tasivaa' ('strækker det ud' / 'stretches it out'), a single, unambiguous headword in both." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "tasi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stretches it out", "en_short": "to stretch something out", "da": "strækker det ud", "verb_phrase": "stretches it out", "da_verb_phrase": "strækker det ud", "da_short": "strækker det ud", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tasivaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tasivaa", "Katersat:lex_34931" ], "id": "tasi", "category": "verbs" } ], "ammala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be loosely woven", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ammala", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form ammalavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_3266." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ammala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ammalavoq#e1220", "Katersat:lex_3266" ], "id": "ammala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be loosely woven", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be loosely woven" } } ], "aqqala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to eat greedily", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqala", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form aqqalavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_4467." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqqala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqqalavoq#e1747", "Katersat:lex_4467" ], "id": "aqqala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to eat greedily", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "eat greedily" } } ], "aqunnga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to squat", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqunnga", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form aqunngavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_4543." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqunnga", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqunngavoq#e1795", "Katersat:lex_4543" ], "id": "aqunnga", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to squat", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "squat" } } ], "aqupi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to lie down", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqupi", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form aqupivoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_4546." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqupi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqupivoq#e1797", "Katersat:lex_4546" ], "id": "aqupi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to lie down", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "lie down" } } ], "assakaa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to roll", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assakaa", "notes": [ "The pinned English row independently confirms rolls/rolls-along intransitive citation, paired with Danish e2063. It does not independently establish the bare stem, vowel-stem class or a productive rolling derivation.", "Dictionary attests the finite form assakaavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_5064." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "assakaa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assakaavoq#e2022", "Oqaatsit1997:assakaavoq#e2063", "Katersat:lex_5064" ], "id": "assakaa", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to roll", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "roll" } } ], "assorali": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have the wind against one", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assorali", "notes": [ "The exact English e2094 row independently corroborates the existing has-the-wind-against-one lexical sense and intransitive citation; it does not establish new bare-stem or alternation rules.", "Dictionary attests the finite form assoralivoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_5216." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "assorali", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assoralivoq#e2094", "Oqaatsit1997:assoralivoq#e2133", "Katersat:lex_5216" ], "id": "assorali", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have the wind against one", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have the wind against one" } } ], "attarsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to ask for a loan", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "attarsi", "notes": [ "Exact English e2349 independently confirms asks-for-a-loan beside Danish e2399. Preserve the separately cited Katersat bare-stem evidence; requesting a loan is not already borrowing/renting something.", "Dictionary attests the finite form attarsivoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_5645." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "attarsi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:attarsivoq#e2349", "Oqaatsit1997:attarsivoq#e2399", "Katersat:lex_5645" ], "id": "attarsi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ask for a loan", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "ask for a loan" } } ], "attuuma": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be in contact with; to border on", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "attuuma", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form attuumavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_5722.", "Modern English attuumavoq attests contact with something; Oqaatsit1997 attests contact/adjoining. Klein separately records -mut, suffixed attuumavaa and plural attuumapput; these contextual forms do not establish a universal complement requirement or new productive allomorph." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "attuuma", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:attuumavoq#e2419", "Katersat:lex_5722", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:attuumavoq#e2368", "Kleinschmidt1871:attuumavoq#e126" ], "id": "attuuma", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be in contact with; to border on", "en_short": "to be in contact with", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be in contact with; border on" } } ], "atussaa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be bearable; to be endurable", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atussaa", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form atussaavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_5853.", "Modern paired rows attest bearable/endurable and English doable/manageable. Klein explicitly equates atussaavoq with atugassaavoq and glosses can be used/will do; preserve this historical lexical relation without asserting a contraction rule or a universal use-root meaning for the current stem." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "atussaa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atussaavoq#e2498", "Katersat:lex_5853", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atussaavoq#e2444", "Kleinschmidt1871:atussaavoq#e1328" ], "id": "atussaa", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be bearable; to be endurable", "en_short": "to be bearable", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be bearable; be endurable" } } ], "avaala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to howl; to yowl", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "avaala", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form avaalavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_6173.", "Modern English avaalavoq explicitly permits crying out from joy or sorrow; Danish hujer/howling is not restricted to sorrow. Klein separately records suffixed avaalavaa and prefers other related forms; this historical context does not make the present intransitive lexical frame universally transitive or attest a new productive derivation." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "avaala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:avaalavoq#e2511", "Katersat:lex_6173", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:avaalavoq#e2456", "Kleinschmidt1871:avaalavoq#e1501" ], "id": "avaala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to howl; to yowl", "en_short": "to howl", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "howl; yowl" } } ], "eqalussuanngu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be sharkdrunk (a dog after eating fresh or fermented shark meat)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqalussuanngu", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form eqalussuannguvoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_6400.", "Modern paired rows restrict the sharkdrunk example to a dog/sledge dog after eating shark meat: Oqaatsit explicitly says fresh or fermented, while English mentions fermented. Preserve that source distinction and canine context; do not silently restrict Danish to fermented only or generalize the example to every eater. No new productive shark-noun derivation follows." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "eqalussuanngu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:eqalussuannguvoq#e2883", "Katersat:lex_6400", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqalussuannguvoq#e2773", "Rasmussen1893:eqalussuannguvoq#e380" ], "id": "eqalussuanngu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be sharkdrunk (a dog after eating fresh or fermented shark meat)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be sharkdrunk (a dog after eating fresh or fermented shark meat)" } } ], "eqquma": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be awake", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "eqquma", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form eqqumavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_6759.", "Pin the awake sense: Schultz-Lorentzen e3197 is awake, while the separate same-spelling e3423 row means pulled along under water. Those are competing source senses, not interchangeable evidence for this awake stem. Existing nonproductive V_ma_Vb documents historical awake formation separately; dictionary word pins do not license a productive derivation or the submerged reading." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "eqquma", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:eqqumavoq#e3065", "Katersat:lex_6759", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:eqqumavoq#e2964", "SchultzLorentzen1926:eqqumavoq#e3197", "SchultzLorentzen1927:eqqumavoq#e3197", "Kleinschmidt1871:eqqumavoq#e2884" ], "id": "eqquma", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be awake", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be awake" } } ], "erfala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to flutter; to wave", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erfala", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form erfalavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_6877.", "English waves/flutters is bounded by the independently attested wind/flag context. The reverse flagre row distinguishes flags (erfalavoq), sails, hair, butterflies and wing movements with different verbs; do not treat these all as erfala synonyms or infer a hand-waving sense from the English translation alone." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "erfala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:erfalavoq#e3093", "Katersat:lex_6877", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erfalavoq#e2999", "Kleinschmidt1871:erfalavoq#e2950", "Ordbogen2003:flagre#e7437" ], "id": "erfala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to flutter; to wave", "en_short": "to flutter", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "flutter; wave" } } ], "erloqi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to suffer; to be in distress", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erloqi", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form erloqivoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_7009.", "Modern English pain/suffering is not restricted to physical pain: Kleinschmidt1871:erloqivoq#e1728 also describes strenuous work, illness/physical want and inner/spiritual distress. These historical contexts do not establish additional productive morphology." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "erloqi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:erloqivoq#e3140", "Katersat:lex_7009", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erloqivoq#e3046", "Kleinschmidt1871:erloqivoq#e1728" ], "id": "erloqi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to suffer; to be in distress", "en_short": "to suffer", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "suffer; be in distress" } } ], "ernguma": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be anxious; to worry", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ernguma", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form erngumavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_7058." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ernguma", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:erngumavoq#e3173", "Katersat:lex_7058", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erngumavoq#e3077" ], "id": "ernguma", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be anxious; to worry", "en_short": "to be anxious", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be anxious; worry" } } ], "ernuma": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be anxious; to worry", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ernuma", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form ernumavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_7059.", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2 gives ernumassut → ernumassutigaaq; that related family example does not independently establish this bare stem's full rules. Kleinschmidt1871:ernumavoq#e1756 labels erngumavoq a provincial variant; Ordbogi1977:ernumavoq#e1573 also cross-refers to erngumavoq. Both citation forms have separate modern entries; preserve existing ernuma and ernguma IDs without inferring a productive spelling alternation or a future-only modern meaning.", "Transitive *ernumagaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3508 \"er bekymret for ham\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem ernumage. FST offers ernumage+TV. Do not mint ernumage." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ernuma", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be anxious; to worry", "en_short": "to be anxious", "da": "være bekymret; være ængstelig; være i forlegenhed", "da_verb_phrase": "er bekymret; er ængstelig; er i forlegenhed", "options": { "da": { "bekymret": "være bekymret", "ængstelig": "være ængstelig", "forlegenhed": "være i forlegenhed" } }, "da_short": "være bekymret", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "be anxious; worry" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ernumavoq", "natural": "is worried; is anxious (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e3101; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3505)" }, { "surface": "ernumagaa", "natural": "worries about him/her (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3508)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ernumavoq#e3199", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ernumavoq#e3101", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ernumavoq#e3505", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ernumagaa#e3508", "Katersat:lex_7059", "Kleinschmidt1871:ernumavoq#e1756" ], "id": "ernuma", "category": "verbs" } ], "ianga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be pale; to be indistinct", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ianga", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form iangavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_7364.", "Modern indistinct/indefinable is source-qualified: Oqaatsit1997:iangavoq#e3478 refers to color or tone, and the English row specifies color. Historical Kleinschmidt/Schultz-Lorentzen contexts also include vague condition and tawny coloration; these do not license unrestricted modern psychological meanings." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ianga", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iangavoq#e3478", "Katersat:lex_7364", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iangavoq#e3332" ], "id": "ianga", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be pale; to be indistinct", "en_short": "to be pale", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be pale; be indistinct" } } ], "iisasseri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be hungry; to fantasize about food", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iisasseri", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form iisasserivoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_12499." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "iisasseri", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iisasserivoq#e3584", "Katersat:lex_12499", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:iisasserivoq#e3441" ], "id": "iisasseri", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be hungry; to fantasize about food", "en_short": "to be hungry", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be hungry; fantasize about food" } } ], "ikatu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be eager to play", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikatu", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form ikatuvoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_34014." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ikatu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ikatuvoq#e3620", "Katersat:lex_34014", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikatuvoq#e3481" ], "id": "ikatu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be eager to play", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be eager to play" } } ], "ikuala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to flame", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikuala", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form ikualavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_34071." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ikuala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ikualavoq#e3742", "Katersat:lex_34071", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikualavoq#e3606" ], "id": "ikuala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to flame", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "flame" } } ], "ikuma": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to burn", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ikuma", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form ikumavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_34081.", "Nielsen2012 independently attests ikumavoq and the derived ikumarusaarpoq; Bjornum2012 independently attests ikumatippaa and ikumatitaq." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ikuma", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ikumavoq#e3761", "Katersat:lex_34081", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3", "Bjornum2012:K4§5", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikumavoq#e3627" ], "id": "ikuma", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to burn", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "burn" } } ], "ilallattaari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to exaggerate; to invent", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilallattaari", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form ilallattaarivoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_7626." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ilallattaari", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilallattaarivoq#e3833", "Katersat:lex_7626", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilallattaarivoq#e3703" ], "id": "ilallattaari", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to exaggerate; to invent", "en_short": "to exaggerate", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "exaggerate; invent" } } ], "iluliuma": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be concave", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iluliuma", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form iluliumavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_33726." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "iluliuma", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:iluliumavoq#e4260", "Katersat:lex_33726" ], "id": "iluliuma", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be concave", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be concave" } } ], "ilungersua": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to exert oneself", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilungersua", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form ilungersuavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_33748." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ilungersua", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilungersuavoq#e4290", "Katersat:lex_33748" ], "id": "ilungersua", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to exert oneself", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "exert oneself" } } ], "imaali": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to become so; to be in such a state", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "imaali", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form imaalivoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_33761." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "imaali", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:imaalivoq#e4321", "Katersat:lex_33761" ], "id": "imaali", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to become so; to be in such a state", "en_short": "to become so", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "become so; be in such a state" } } ], "imerngaala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to resound", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "imerngaala", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form imerngaalavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_33798." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "imerngaala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:imerngaalavoq#e4383", "Katersat:lex_33798" ], "id": "imerngaala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to resound", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "resound" } } ], "imerpala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be thin", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "imerpala", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form imerpalavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_33800." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "imerpala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:imerpalavoq#e4385", "Katersat:lex_33800" ], "id": "imerpala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be thin", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be thin" } } ], "ingasattajaari": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to exaggerate", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ingasattajaari", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form ingasattajaarivoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_34316." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ingasattajaari", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ingasattajaarivoq#e4607", "Katersat:lex_34316" ], "id": "ingasattajaari", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to exaggerate", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "exaggerate" } } ], "ingitsila": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to fray", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ingitsila", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form ingitsilavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_12736." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ingitsila", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ingitsilavoq#e4636", "Katersat:lex_12736" ], "id": "ingitsila", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to fray", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "fray" } } ], "inneruula": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be phosphorescent; have sea sparkle", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inneruula", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form inneruulavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_34367." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "inneruula", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:inneruulavoq#e4719", "Katersat:lex_34367" ], "id": "inneruula", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be phosphorescent; have sea sparkle", "en_short": "to be phosphorescent", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be phosphorescent; have sea sparkle" } } ], "ipisaanngu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to feel suffocated", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ipisaanngu", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form ipisaannguvoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_33901." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ipisaanngu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ipisaannguvoq#e4959", "Katersat:lex_33901" ], "id": "ipisaanngu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to feel suffocated", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "feel suffocated" } } ], "isaqqila": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to flap; to beat one's wings", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isaqqila", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests the finite form isaqqilavoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_33949." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "isaqqila", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:isaqqilavoq#e5031", "Katersat:lex_33949" ], "id": "isaqqila", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to flap; to beat one's wings", "en_short": "to flap", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "flap; beat one's wings" } } ], "alli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to grow; become bigger", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alli", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests allivoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_2962." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alli", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:allivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:allivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:allivoq#e1098", "Katersat:lex_2962" ], "id": "alli", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to grow; become bigger", "en_short": "to grow", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "grow; become bigger" } } ], "alima": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be far away", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alima", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests alimasippoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_2683." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alima", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:alimasippoq#e1105", "SchultzLorentzen1927:alimasippoq#e1105", "Oqaatsit1997:alimasippoq", "Katersat:lex_2683" ], "id": "alima", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be far away", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be far away" } } ], "amerli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to become more numerous", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amerli", "notes": [ "Dictionary attests amerlipput; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_161689." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "amerli", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:amerlipput", "SchultzLorentzen1927:amerlipput", "Oqaatsit1997:amerlipput", "Katersat:lex_161689" ], "id": "amerli", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to become more numerous", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "become more numerous" } } ], "amma": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be open", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amma" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "amma", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:ammavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ammavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ammavoq#e1245", "Katersat:lex_3310" ], "id": "amma", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be open", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be open" } } ], "anerteqi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to breathe heavily", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anerteqi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anerteqi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anerteqivoq#e1330", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anerteqivoq", "Katersat:lex_3485" ], "id": "anerteqi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to breathe heavily", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "breathe heavily" } } ], "anerteri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to breathe; groan", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anerteri" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anerteri", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:anerterivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:anerterivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:anerterivoq#e1331", "Katersat:lex_3487" ], "id": "anerteri", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to breathe; groan", "en_short": "to breathe", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "breathe; groan" } } ], "angala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to travel; move around", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angala" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:angalavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:angalavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:angalavoq#e1349", "Katersat:lex_3519" ], "id": "angala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to travel; move around", "en_short": "to travel", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "travel; move around" } } ], "arri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be in a hurry", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arri" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arri", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:arrivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:arrivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:arrivoq#e1927", "Katersat:lex_4761" ], "id": "arri", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be in a hurry", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be in a hurry" } } ], "erini": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to long for; be impatient", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "erini", "notes": [ "Transitive *erinigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3287 \"længes efter ham\"; 2018 e3018 \"longs for it\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem erinige. FST offers erinige+TV. Do not mint erinige.", "Modern erinigaa is expressly transitive longing/looking forward to something, whereas erinivoq is intransitive waiting/impatience. The exact word pins corroborate these lexical examples; they do not by themselves approve every productive V_gi_Vb attachment, a universal excessive/too reading or an atomic erinige stem." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "erini", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "erinivoq", "natural": "is impatient; longs (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e3023)" }, { "surface": "erinigaa", "natural": "longs for it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3287)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:erinivoq#e1655", "SchultzLorentzen1927:erinivoq#e3286", "Oqaatsit1997:erinivoq#e3116", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erinivoq#e3023", "SchultzLorentzen1926:erinigaa#e3287", "Oqaatsit1997:erinigaa#e3110", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:erinigaa#e3018", "Kleinschmidt1871:erinigaa#e1656" ], "id": "erini", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to long for; be impatient", "en_short": "to long for", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "long for; be impatient" } } ], "ersi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be afraid", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ersi", "notes": [ "Transitive *ersigaa* (Oqaatsit1997:e3243 / 2018 e3144 \"is afraid of\"; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3560) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem ersige and not visible-sense ersip. Same pattern as pinniip / ulapip + V_gi_Vb. FST on ersigaa also offers ersige+TV / ersik+GE; those are competing parses. Do not mint ersige.", "morphology_class.stem_type: vowel_final_stem kept from prior authorship; citation is ersivoq." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ersi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ersivoq", "natural": "is afraid (Oqaatsit1997:e3261)" }, { "surface": "ersigaa", "natural": "is afraid of him/her/it (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e3243)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:ersivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ersivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ersivoq#e3261", "Oqaatsit1997:ersigaa#e3243", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ersivoq#e3158", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ersigaa#e3144", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ersigaa#e3560", "Katersat:lex_4057" ], "id": "ersi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be afraid", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be afraid" } } ], "imissi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be full (of the moon)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "imissi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "imissi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:imissivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:imissivoq#e4414", "Katersat:lex_33818" ], "id": "imissi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be full (of the moon)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be full (of the moon)" } } ], "ingerla": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to move forward; be underway", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ingerla" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ingerla", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to move forward; be underway", "en_short": "to move forward", "da": "gå; være i gang; gå videre", "da_verb_phrase": "går; er i gang; går videre", "options": { "da": { "gå": "gå", "i_gang": "være i gang", "videre": "gå videre", "fremad": "gå fremad" } }, "da_short": "gå; være i gang", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "move forward; be underway" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Multiword sentence natural for siumut+ingerlavoq (speaker 2026-09-26): progress for the person (det går fremad med vedkommende), not literal walking forward. Reusable anaphor vedkommende/him/her — engine fills gender. Chip attenuation stays on plain_gloss (gå; være i gang) and on siumut's own fremad.", "examples": [ { "surface": "siumut ingerlavoq", "natural": "it is moving forward for him/her", "natural_da": "det går fremad med vedkommende" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:ingerlavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:ingerlavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ingerlavoq#e4628", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4", "Bjornum2012:K6§12", "Katersat:lex_142916" ], "id": "ingerla", "category": "verbs" } ], "isinnga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be extended; stretched out", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isinnga" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "isinnga", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:isinngavoq#e5148", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isinngavoq", "Katersat:lex_34441" ], "id": "isinnga", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be extended; stretched out", "en_short": "to be extended", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be extended; stretched out" } } ], "isorartu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be long; extensive", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isorartu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "isorartu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:isorartuvoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:isorartuvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:isorartuvoq", "Katersat:lex_8364" ], "id": "isorartu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be long; extensive", "en_short": "to be long", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be long; extensive" } } ], "issanngu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have difficulty breathing", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "issanngu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "issanngu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:issannguvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:issannguvoq#e5193", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:issannguvoq#e5062", "Katersat:lex_41510" ], "id": "issanngu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have difficulty breathing", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have difficulty breathing" } } ], "issu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be thick", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "issu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "issu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:issuvoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:issuvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:issuvoq", "Katersat:lex_34499" ], "id": "issu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be thick", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be thick" } } ], "isuguta": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be damp", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isuguta" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "isuguta", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:isugutavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:isugutavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:isugutavoq#e5273", "Katersat:lex_34502" ], "id": "isuguta", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be damp", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be damp" } } ], "kaamuumi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to continue; keep doing", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaamuumi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kaamuumi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:kaamuumivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kaamuumivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kaamuumivoq#e5635", "Katersat:lex_12459" ], "id": "kaamuumi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to continue; keep doing", "en_short": "to continue", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "continue; keep doing" } } ], "kaanngala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to flake off; peel off", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kaanngala" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kaanngala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kaanngalavoq#e5638", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kaanngalavoq", "Katersat:lex_9694" ], "id": "kaanngala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to flake off; peel off", "en_short": "to flake off", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "flake off; peel off" } } ], "kajujuummi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to continue by its own momentum", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kajujuummi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kajujuummi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:kajujuummivoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kajujuummivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kajujuummivoq#e5712", "Katersat:lex_5327" ], "id": "kajujuummi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to continue by its own momentum", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "continue by its own momentum" } } ], "kakkilerta": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be snotty", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kakkilerta" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kakkilerta", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:kakkilertavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kakkilertavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kakkilertavoq#e5764", "Katersat:lex_8884" ], "id": "kakkilerta", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be snotty", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be snotty" } } ], "kappiala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to lament; complain", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kappiala" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kappiala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:kappialavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kappialavoq#e8499", "Oqaatsit1997:kappialavoq#e5986", "Katersat:lex_9570" ], "id": "kappiala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to lament; complain", "en_short": "to lament", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "lament; complain" } } ], "katagala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to crumble; fall apart easily", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "katagala" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "katagala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:katagalavoq#e6033", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:katagalavoq", "Katersat:lex_9692" ], "id": "katagala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to crumble; fall apart easily", "en_short": "to crumble", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "crumble; fall apart easily" } } ], "kigaalli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to slow down", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kigaalli" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kigaalli", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kigaallivoq#e6178", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kigaallivoq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3", "Katersat:lex_4736" ], "id": "kigaalli", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to slow down", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "slow down" } } ], "kiner": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be viscous; be thick (of a liquid); be heavy going", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kiner", "notes": [ "Transitive *kineraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e9067 \"finder det tungt\"; FST English \"finds it heavy\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem kinere. FST offers kinere+TV; do not mint kinere.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation kinerpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as niller / mamar)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kiner", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "kinerpoq", "natural": "is viscous; is thick; is heavy going (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e6144; SchultzLorentzen1926:e9060)" }, { "surface": "kineraa", "natural": "finds it heavy going (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e9067)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kinerpoq#e6408", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kinerpoq#e6144", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kinerpoq#e9060", "SchultzLorentzen1926:kineraa#e9067", "Katersat:lex_10779" ], "id": "kiner", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be viscous; be thick (of a liquid); be heavy going", "en_short": "to be viscous", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be viscous; be thick (of a liquid); be heavy going" } } ], "kinngu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to capsize", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kinngu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kinngu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to capsize", "da": "at kæntre", "da_verb_phrase": "er kæntret", "da_short": "at kæntre", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "capsize" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:kinnguvoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kinnguvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kinnguvoq#e6521", "Katersat:lex_8332" ], "id": "kinngu", "category": "verbs" } ], "kipi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to end early; break off", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kipi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kipi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:kipivoq#e6538", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:kipivoq", "Katersat:lex_11183" ], "id": "kipi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to end early; break off", "en_short": "to end early", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "end early; break off" } } ], "kipisa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to long for", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kipisa" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kipisa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:kipisavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kipisavoq#e6532", "Katersat:lex_11158" ], "id": "kipisa", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to long for", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "long for" } } ], "kivi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be sunk", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kivi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kivi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1927:kivivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kivivoq#e6674", "Katersat:lex_4306" ], "id": "kivi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be sunk", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be sunk" } } ], "kuima": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to slope down", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kuima" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kuima", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:kuimavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kuimavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kuimavoq#e6762", "Katersat:lex_11707" ], "id": "kuima", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to slope down", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "slope down" } } ], "kukku": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to make a mistake", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kukku" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kukku", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:kukkuvoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kukkuvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:kukkuvoq#e6825", "Katersat:lex_847" ], "id": "kukku", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to make a mistake", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "make a mistake" } } ], "kutuula": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to drip continually", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "kutuula" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "kutuula", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:kutuulavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:kutuulavoq#e9734", "Oqaatsit1997:kutuulavoq#e6932", "Katersat:lex_12136" ], "id": "kutuula", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to drip continually", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "drip continually" } } ], "maala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to groan; scream in pain", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "maala" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "maala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:maalavoq#e7141", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:maalavoq", "Katersat:lex_9573" ], "id": "maala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to groan; scream in pain", "en_short": "to groan", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "groan; scream in pain" } } ], "maattu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be tough; withstand hardship", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "maattu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "maattu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:maattuvoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:maattuvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:maattuvoq#e7169", "Katersat:lex_4073" ], "id": "maattu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be tough; withstand hardship", "en_short": "to be tough", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be tough; withstand hardship" } } ], "makiala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to fray easily", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "makiala" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "makiala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:makialavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:makialavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:makialavoq#e7202", "Katersat:lex_12733" ], "id": "makiala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to fray easily", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "fray easily" } } ], "makita": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to stand upright; get up", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "makita" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "makita", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:makitavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:makitavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:makitavoq#e7214", "Katersat:lex_3927" ], "id": "makita", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to stand upright; get up", "en_short": "to stand upright", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "stand upright; get up" } } ], "marluli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have twins", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "marluli" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "marluli", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:marlulivoq#e7480", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:marlulivoq", "Katersat:lex_13660" ], "id": "marluli", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have twins", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have twins" } } ], "mattaanga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be bare from the waist up", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mattaanga" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mattaanga", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:mattaangavoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:mattaangavoq", "Oqaatsit1997:mattaangavoq#e7565", "Katersat:lex_13961" ], "id": "mattaanga", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be bare from the waist up", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be bare from the waist up" } } ], "mattu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be tough; hard", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mattu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mattu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:mattuvoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:mattuvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:mattuvoq#e7586", "Katersat:lex_12876" ], "id": "mattu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be tough; hard", "en_short": "to be tough", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be tough; hard" } } ], "meerujuu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be spoiled; coddled", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "meerujuu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "meerujuu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1927:meerujuuvoq#e10371", "Oqaatsit1997:meerujuuvoq#e7629", "Katersat:lex_9579" ], "id": "meerujuu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be spoiled; coddled", "en_short": "to be spoiled", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be spoiled; coddled" } } ], "meqquer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to lose hair; be hairless", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "meqquer", "notes": [ "Dictionaries attest the finite form meqquerpoq; the bare-stem analysis is corroborated by Katersat:lex_8328." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "meqquer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Ordbogi1977:meqquerpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:meqquerpoq#e7643", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:meqquerpoq#e7248", "Katersat:lex_8328" ], "id": "meqquer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to lose hair; be hairless", "en_short": "to lose hair", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "lose hair; be hairless" } } ], "merianngu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have nausea; be motion-sick", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "merianngu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "merianngu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:meriannguvoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:meriannguvoq#e10316", "Ordbogi1977:meriannguvoq", "Oqaatsit1997:meriannguvoq#e7663", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:meriannguvoq#e7268", "Katersat:lex_6161" ], "id": "merianngu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have nausea; be motion-sick", "en_short": "to have nausea", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have nausea; be motion-sick" } } ], "merngor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be exhausted", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "merngor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "merngor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:merngorpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:merngorpoq", "Ordbogi1977:merngorpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:merngorpoq#e7668", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:merngorpoq#e7273", "Katersat:lex_14168" ], "id": "merngor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be exhausted", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be exhausted" } } ], "mersere": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to not dare to take it on; not dare to start it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mersere", "notes": [ "*mersernarpoq* (Oqaatsit1997:e7673 \"seem intimidating\") is this stem plus V_naq_Vb, not a separate atomic stem mersernar. Same pattern as aarlere + V_naq_Vb -> aarlerinarpoq. A former atomic stem mersernar was withdrawn.", "TV-only schwa verb. Oqaatsit1997:e7670 variant merserinnippoq is this stem plus HTR (FST on Katersat:lex_14184 is mersere+TV+HTR), not V_gi_Vb. No (rivoq) IV found. morphology_class.stem_type left unset (citation merseraa is schwa-final; AITWG:§6.4 is nominal)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mersere", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:merseraa", "SchultzLorentzen1927:merseraa#e10355", "Ordbogi1977:merseraa", "Oqaatsit1997:merseraa#e7670", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:merseraa#e7275", "Katersat:lex_14196" ], "id": "mersere", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to not dare to take it on; not dare to start it", "en_short": "to not dare to take it on", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "not dare to take it on; not dare to start it" } } ], "mersor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to sew it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mersor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mersor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1927:mersorpaa#e10359", "Oqaatsit1997:mersorpaa#e7678", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mersorpaa#e7282", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12", "Bjornum2012:K4§3c", "Katersat:lex_14201" ], "id": "mersor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to sew it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "sew it" } } ], "miaggoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to howl (of a dog or wolf)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "miaggoor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "miaggoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:miaggoorpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:miaggoorpoq", "Ordbogi1977:miaggoorpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:miaggoorpoq#e7691", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:miaggoorpoq#e7292", "Katersat:lex_6178" ], "id": "miaggoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to howl (of a dog or wolf)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "howl (of a dog or wolf)" } } ], "mianersor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be careful", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mianersor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mianersor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mianersorpoq#e7697", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mianersorpoq#e7297", "Katersat:lex_14250" ], "id": "mianersor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be careful", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be careful" } } ], "mikiar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to rot; become rotten", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mikiar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mikiar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:mikiarpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:mikiarpoq", "Ordbogi1977:mikiarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:mikiarpoq#e7708", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mikiarpoq#e7308", "Katersat:lex_860" ], "id": "mikiar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to rot; become rotten", "en_short": "to rot", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "rot; become rotten" } } ], "milip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be plugged; be stopped up", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "milip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:milippoq#e7730", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milippoq#e7330", "Katersat:lex_13246" ], "id": "milip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be plugged; be stopped up", "en_short": "to be plugged", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be plugged; be stopped up" } } ], "milli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to become smaller; shrink", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milli" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "milli", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:millivoq", "Ordbogi1977:millivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:millivoq#e7740", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:millivoq#e7340", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Katersat:lex_4040" ], "id": "milli", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to become smaller; shrink", "en_short": "to become smaller", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "become smaller; shrink" } } ], "milloor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to throw things at it repeatedly", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milloor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "milloor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1927:milloorpaa", "Oqaatsit1997:milloorpaa#e7741", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milloorpaa#e7341", "Katersat:lex_14427" ], "id": "milloor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to throw things at it repeatedly", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "throw things at it repeatedly" } } ], "milluar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to suck it up; drink it through a straw", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milluar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "milluar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1927:milluarpaa", "Ordbogi1977:milluarpaa", "Oqaatsit1997:milluarpaa#e7745", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milluarpaa#e7345", "Katersat:lex_7642" ], "id": "milluar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to suck it up; drink it through a straw", "en_short": "to suck it up", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "suck it up; drink it through a straw" } } ], "millup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to take a sip of it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "millup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "millup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:milluppaa#e7752", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milluppaa#e7352", "Katersat:lex_14429" ], "id": "millup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to take a sip of it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "take a sip of it" } } ], "mersersaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to behave haughtily; behave in a supercilious manner", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mersersaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mersersaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mersersaarpoq#e7674", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mersersaarpoq#e7278", "Katersat:lex_14195" ], "id": "mersersaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to behave haughtily; behave in a supercilious manner", "en_short": "to behave haughtily", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "behave haughtily; behave in a supercilious manner" } } ], "merserusup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to want to avoid doing something; not want to get involved with something", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "merserusup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "merserusup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:merserusuppoq#e7675", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:merserusuppoq#e7279", "Katersat:lex_14185" ], "id": "merserusup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to want to avoid doing something; not want to get involved with something", "en_short": "to want to avoid doing something", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "want to avoid doing something; not want to get involved with something" } } ], "mersuup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to sew for him/her; sew it onto something", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mersuup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mersuup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mersuuppaa#e7684", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mersuuppaa#e7288", "Katersat:lex_14219" ], "id": "mersuup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to sew for him/her; sew it onto something", "en_short": "to sew for him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "sew for him/her; sew it onto something" } } ], "mianernar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be easily insulted; be easily offended", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mianernar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mianernar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mianernarpoq#e7694", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mianernarpoq#e7295", "Katersat:lex_14235" ], "id": "mianernar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be easily insulted; be easily offended", "en_short": "to be easily insulted", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be easily insulted; be easily offended" } } ], "mianersuaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be incautious; take no precautions; be a daredevil", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mianersuaap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mianersuaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mianersuaappoq#e7701", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mianersuaappoq#e7301", "Katersat:lex_14261" ], "id": "mianersuaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be incautious; take no precautions; be a daredevil", "en_short": "to be incautious", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be incautious; take no precautions; be a daredevil" } } ], "mikersar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be unable to fit it; be too small", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mikersar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mikersar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mikersarpoq#e7703", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mikersarpoq#e7303", "Katersat:lex_14277" ], "id": "mikersar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be unable to fit it; be too small", "en_short": "to be unable to fit it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be unable to fit it; be too small" } } ], "mikiarnip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to smell rotten", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mikiarnip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mikiarnip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mikiarnippoq#e7707", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mikiarnippoq#e7307", "Katersat:lex_7473" ], "id": "mikiarnip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to smell rotten", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "smell rotten" } } ], "mikip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to bite off a piece of it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mikip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mikip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mikippaa#e7712", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mikippaa#e7312", "Katersat:lex_14310" ], "id": "mikip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to bite off a piece of it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "bite off a piece of it" } } ], "mikkap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to strip the skin from it with the teeth", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mikkap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mikkap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mikkappaa#e7716", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mikkappaa#e7316", "Katersat:lex_14332" ], "id": "mikkap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to strip the skin from it with the teeth", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "strip the skin from it with the teeth" } } ], "milikar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to plug it up", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milikar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "milikar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:milikarpoq#e7727", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milikarpoq#e7327", "Katersat:lex_14375" ], "id": "milikar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to plug it up", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "plug it up" } } ], "milikkiup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to block the passage", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milikkiup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "milikkiup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:milikkiuppoq#e7728", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milikkiuppoq#e7328", "Katersat:lex_14377" ], "id": "milikkiup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to block the passage", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "block the passage" } } ], "milinngatsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have a stopped-up nose", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milinngatsi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "milinngatsi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:milinngatsivoq#e7729", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milinngatsivoq#e7329", "Katersat:lex_14379" ], "id": "milinngatsi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have a stopped-up nose", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have a stopped-up nose" } } ], "millugup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to suck it in", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "millugup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "millugup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:milluguppaa#e7749", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milluguppaa#e7349", "Katersat:lex_14439" ], "id": "millugup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to suck it in", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "suck it in" } } ], "millusukar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to slurp it up; suck it up", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "millusukar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "millusukar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:millusukarpaa#e7753", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:millusukarpaa#e7353", "Katersat:lex_14430" ], "id": "millusukar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to slurp it up; suck it up", "en_short": "to slurp it up", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "slurp it up; suck it up" } } ], "milor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to hit it with something thrown; throw something at a target and hit it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "milor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:milorpaa#e7760", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milorpaa#e7361", "Katersat:lex_6719" ], "id": "milor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to hit it with something thrown; throw something at a target and hit it", "en_short": "to hit it with something thrown", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "hit it with something thrown; throw something at a target and hit it" } } ], "miloriup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to toss it down; throw it down; hit it with something thrown", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "miloriup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "miloriup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:miloriuppaa#e7759", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:miloriuppaa#e7359", "Katersat:lex_7468" ], "id": "miloriup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to toss it down; throw it down; hit it with something thrown", "en_short": "to toss it down", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "tos it down; throw it down; hit it with something thrown" } } ], "miluer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be weaned; no longer nurse", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "miluer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "miluer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:miluerpoq#e7761", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:miluerpoq#e7362", "Katersat:lex_14481" ], "id": "miluer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be weaned; no longer nurse", "en_short": "to be weaned", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be weaned; no longer nurse" } } ], "milukaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to lick a lollipop", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milukaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "milukaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:milukaarpoq#e7767", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:milukaarpoq#e7368", "Katersat:lex_14498" ], "id": "milukaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to lick a lollipop", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "lick a lollipop" } } ], "milup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to nurse; suckle", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "milup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "milup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:miluppoq#e7768", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:miluppoq#e7369", "Katersat:lex_14432" ], "id": "milup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to nurse; suckle", "en_short": "to nurse", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "nurse; suckle" } } ], "minar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to take some good food home (for ex; from a dinner)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "minar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "minar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:minarpoq#e7774", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:minarpoq#e7374", "Katersat:lex_14520" ], "id": "minar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to take some good food home (for ex; from a dinner)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "take some good food home (for ex; from a dinner)" } } ], "mingiup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to get it caught between two things", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mingiup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mingiup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mingiuppaa#e7775", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mingiuppaa#e7375", "Katersat:lex_14525" ], "id": "mingiup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to get it caught between two things", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "get it caught between two things" } } ], "minguer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to get clean", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "minguer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "minguer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:minguerpoq#e7777", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:minguerpoq#e7377", "Katersat:lex_14531" ], "id": "minguer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to get clean", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "get clean" } } ], "mingulerter": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to threaten him/her with a clenched fist", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mingulerter" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mingulerter", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mingulerterpaa#e7780", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mingulerterpaa#e7380", "Katersat:lex_14551" ], "id": "mingulerter", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to threaten him/her with a clenched fist", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "threaten him/her with a clenched fist" } } ], "mingup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be dirty; be polluted", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mingup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mingup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:minguppoq#e7783", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:minguppoq#e7383", "Katersat:lex_8300" ], "id": "mingup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be dirty; be polluted", "en_short": "to be dirty", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be dirty; be polluted" } } ], "minip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to leave him/her out (of an invitation or a portion of something)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "minip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "minip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:minippaa#e7790", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:minippaa#e7388", "Katersat:lex_7657" ], "id": "minip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to leave him/her out (of an invitation or a portion of something)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "leave him/her out (of an invitation or a portion of something)" } } ], "minnaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to make it too small; think it is too small", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "minnaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "minnaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:minnaarpaa#e7799", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:minnaarpaa#e7397", "Katersat:lex_14308" ], "id": "minnaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to make it too small; think it is too small", "en_short": "to make it too small", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "make it too small; think it is too small" } } ], "minnger": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to get dirty; get filthy", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "minnger" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "minnger", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:minngerpoq#e7808", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:minngerpoq#e7406", "Katersat:lex_8301" ], "id": "minnger", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to get dirty; get filthy", "en_short": "to get dirty", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "get dirty; get filthy" } } ], "minngeri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to work with something dirty; work with dirty stuff", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "minngeri" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "minngeri", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:minngerivoq#e7806", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:minngerivoq#e7404", "Katersat:lex_14554" ], "id": "minngeri", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to work with something dirty; work with dirty stuff", "en_short": "to work with something dirty", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "work with something dirty; work with dirty stuff" } } ], "mippaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to beg; sponge off someone", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mippaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mippaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mippaarpoq#e7812", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mippaarpoq#e7410", "Katersat:lex_14661" ], "id": "mippaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to beg; sponge off {{Actor}}", "en_short": "to beg", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "beg; sponge off {{Actor}}" } } ], "mipper": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to beg; sponge off someone", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mipper" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mipper", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mipperpoq#e7813", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mipperpoq#e7411", "Katersat:lex_14652" ], "id": "mipper", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to beg; sponge off {{Actor}}", "en_short": "to beg", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "beg; sponge off {{Actor}}" } } ], "miseqqior": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to make gravy; make sauce", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "miseqqior" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "miseqqior", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:miseqqiorpoq#e7818", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:miseqqiorpoq#e7416", "Katersat:lex_14669" ], "id": "miseqqior", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to make gravy; make sauce", "en_short": "to make gravy", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "make gravy; make sauce" } } ], "miserrap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to deny his/her guilt", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "miserrap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "miserrap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:miserrappaa#e7822", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:miserrappaa#e7420", "Katersat:lex_14675" ], "id": "miserrap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to deny his/her guilt", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "deny his/her guilt" } } ], "miserrarip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be in the habit of saying he/she hasn't done anything wrong", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "miserrarip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "miserrarip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:miserrarippoq#e7823", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:miserrarippoq#e7421", "Katersat:lex_14677" ], "id": "miserrarip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be in the habit of saying he/she hasn't done anything wrong", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be in the habit of saying he/she hasn't done anything wrong" } } ], "misiar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to refuse to tell the truth; deny having done anything", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misiar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misiar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misiarpoq#e7825", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misiarpoq#e7423", "Katersat:lex_146985" ], "id": "misiar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to refuse to tell the truth; deny having done anything", "en_short": "to refuse to tell the truth", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "refuse to tell the truth; deny having done anything" } } ], "misige": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to feel it; experience it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misige", "notes": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1 bound-only -ge verb: \"many verbs are used only with this affix\". No free IV *misivoq (dictionary search is negative; tumisivoq hits are unrelated). Keep as a bound -ge stem, same class as naakkige. morphology_class.stem_type left unset (FST/orthography -ge is schwa; AITWG:§6.4 is nominal)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misige", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misigaa#e7826", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misigaa#e7424", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "Katersat:lex_3656" ], "id": "misige", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to feel it; experience it", "en_short": "to feel it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "feel it; experience it" } } ], "misigiitsoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "for time to fly by for him/her", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misigiitsoor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misigiitsoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misigiitsoorpoq#e7828", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misigiitsoorpoq#e7426", "Katersat:lex_14690" ], "id": "misigiitsoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "for time to fly by for him/her", "source": "generated" } } ], "misigittar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have sympathy; be sympathetic", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misigittar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misigittar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misigittarpoq#e7836", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misigittarpoq#e7434", "Katersat:lex_14703" ], "id": "misigittar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have sympathy; be sympathetic", "en_short": "to have sympathy", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have sympathy; be sympathetic" } } ], "misilii": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to do an experiment; perform a test; test something out", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misilii", "notes": [ "HTR/IV counterpart of TV misilip (Bjørnum2012:K3§6 pattern 1: truncative -i after stem-final i → -ivoq). Citation form misiliivoq (Oqaatsit1997:misiliivoq#e7841 / Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misiliivoq#e7439). Katersat FST analyses misiliivoq as misilip+Gram/TV+HTR… (lex_14782), confirming the HTR path rather than an independent root.", "Host of lexical noun misiliineq via V_neq_N (misilii + -neq → misiliineq). See nouns.yaml:misiliineq and api.oq.gl#122. Do NOT explain the surface via misilip+V_iq_Vb+V_neq_N (oversegment; V_iq is non-productive / lexicalised-words-only and yields encyclopedic nonsense glosses).", "Oqaatsit1997:misilippaa#e7842 lists misiliivoq as a variant of the TV headword — the IV/HTR reading, not evidence of a separate atomic stem family. Keep misilii as the free IV stem and misilip as the free TV." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misilii", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "does an experiment; performs a test; tests something out", "en_short": "to do an experiment", "da": "eksperimenterer; prøver sig frem; prøver noget; laver forsøg", "verb_phrase": "do an experiment; perform a test; test something out", "da_verb_phrase": "eksperimenterer; prøver sig frem; prøver noget; laver forsøg", "da_short": "eksperimenterer", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated as a free IV dictionary headword (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik) and as the HTR of misilip (Katersat FST; Bjørnum2012:K3§6 -ivoq-after-i). Parallel: Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.1 aserorterpaa → aserorterivoq → aserorterineq.", "examples": [ { "surface": "misiliivoq", "natural": "he/she does an experiment; performs a test; tests something out (Oqaatsit1997/DAKA headword)" }, { "surface": "misiliineq", "natural": "experiment; test (this stem + V_neq_N; lexicalised — see nouns.yaml:misiliineq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misiliivoq#e7841", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misiliivoq#e7439", "Katersat:lex_14782", "Bjornum2012:K3§6", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.1" ], "id": "misilii", "category": "verbs" } ], "misilip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to test it; examine it; do an experiment on it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misilip", "notes": [ "HTR/IV counterpart is lexical stem misilii → misiliivoq (Bjørnum2012:K3§6 pattern 1 truncative -i after i; api.oq.gl#122). Prefer that free IV stem over composing misilip+V_iq_Vb for the surface misiliivoq.", "Lexical noun misiliineq ('experiment; test') is misilii + V_neq_N, not productive misilip+V_neq_N (→ misilineq with short i) and not misilip+V_iq_Vb+V_neq_N (exact rebuild of the long-ii surface, but an oversegment: V_iq is non-productive / lexicalised-words-only and yields encyclopedic nonsense next to the short dictionary sense). Demote / do not prefer the V_iq chain when both rebuild (api.oq.gl#122).", "No bare ip+neq→iineq sandhi rule is admitted here; the grammarian fix is the lexical IV + lexical noun, matching Katersat FST (misilip+HTR+NIQ) and DAKA headwords." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misilip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misilippaa#e7842", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misilippaa#e7440", "Katersat:lex_4237" ], "id": "misilip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to test it; examine it; do an experiment on it", "en_short": "to test it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "test it; examine it; do an experiment on it" } } ], "misiller": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have had enough of it; be fed up with it", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misiller" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misiller", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misillerpoq#e7846", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misillerpoq#e7445", "Katersat:lex_14807" ], "id": "misiller", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have had enough of it; be fed up with it", "en_short": "to have had enough of it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have had enough of it; be fed up with it" } } ], "misinnaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "for time to pass quickly; fly by", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misinnaap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misinnaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misinnaappoq#e7847", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misinnaappoq#e7446", "Katersat:lex_13096" ], "id": "misinnaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "for time to pass quickly; fly by", "en_short": "for time to pass quickly", "source": "generated" } } ], "misinnaatsoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to lose track of time; for time to pass quickly for him/her", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misinnaatsoor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misinnaatsoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misinnaatsoorpoq#e7848", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misinnaatsoorpoq#e7447", "Katersat:lex_14691" ], "id": "misinnaatsoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to lose track of time; for time to pass quickly for him/her", "en_short": "to lose track of time", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "lose track of time; for time to pass quickly for him/her" } } ], "misinnar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be remarkable", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misinnar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misinnar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misinnarpoq#e7849", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misinnarpoq#e7448", "Katersat:lex_13069" ], "id": "misinnar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be remarkable", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be remarkable" } } ], "misissor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to investigate him/her/it; do research on him/her/it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misissor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misissor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misissorpaa#e7850", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misissorpaa#e7449", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.5", "Katersat:lex_2573" ], "id": "misissor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to investigate him/her/it; do research on him/her/it", "en_short": "to investigate him/her/it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "investigate him/her/it; do research on him/her/it" } } ], "misissuaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be careless; not pay attention", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misissuaap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misissuaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misissuaappoq#e7857", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misissuaappoq#e7456", "Katersat:lex_14877" ], "id": "misissuaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be careless; not pay attention", "en_short": "to be careless", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be careless; not pay attention" } } ], "misiup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to testify that another person is innocent; vouch for him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misiup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misiup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misiuppaa#e7862", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misiuppaa#e7461", "Katersat:lex_14879" ], "id": "misiup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to testify that another person is innocent; vouch for him/her", "en_short": "to testify that another person is innocent", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "testify that another person is innocent; vouch for him/her" } } ], "misiutige": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to refuse to confess; refuse to admit his/her guilt; refuse to confess to it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misiutige", "notes": [ "Bound -ge verb. Related to but not a collapse onto misiup (\"vouch that another is innocent\", Oqaatsit1997:e7862). No free IV *misiutivoq found. Keep. morphology_class.stem_type left unset (same schwa/-ge deferral)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misiutige", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misiutigaa#e7863", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misiutigaa#e7462", "Katersat:lex_14676" ], "id": "misiutige", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to refuse to confess; refuse to admit his/her guilt; refuse to confess to it", "en_short": "to refuse to confess", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "refuse to confess; refuse to admit his/her guilt; refuse to confess to it" } } ], "missilior": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to approximate it; estimate it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "missilior" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "missilior", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:missiliorpaa#e7870", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:missiliorpaa#e7468", "Katersat:lex_14894" ], "id": "missilior", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to approximate it; estimate it", "en_short": "to approximate it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "approximate it; estimate it" } } ], "missingersuup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to measure it against something else; think it is about the same size", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "missingersuup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "missingersuup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:missingersuuppaa#e7877", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:missingersuuppaa#e7474", "Katersat:lex_14911" ], "id": "missingersuup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to measure it against something else; think it is about the same size", "en_short": "to measure it against something else", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "measure it against something else; think it is about the same size" } } ], "missuge": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to always skip him/her; regularly fail to give him/her anything", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "missuge", "notes": [ "Bound -ge verb. missukuge (Oqaatsit1997:e7881) is a dictionary-variant of the same sense, kept as its own headword rather than merged. No free IV *missuvoq found. morphology_class.stem_type left unset (same schwa/-ge deferral)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "missuge", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:missugaa#e7880", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:missugaa#e7477", "Katersat:lex_14924" ], "id": "missuge", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to always skip him/her; regularly fail to give him/her anything", "en_short": "to always skip him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "alway skip him/her; regularly fail to give him/her anything" } } ], "missukuge": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to always skip him/her; regularly fail to give him/her anything", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "missukuge", "notes": [ "Bound -ge verb; dictionary variant of missuge (same sense, separate Oqaatsit headword e7881). No free IV found. morphology_class.stem_type left unset (same schwa/-ge deferral)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "missukuge", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:missukugaa#e7881", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:missukugaa#e7478", "Katersat:lex_14926" ], "id": "missukuge", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to always skip him/her; regularly fail to give him/her anything", "en_short": "to always skip him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "alway skip him/her; regularly fail to give him/her anything" } } ], "misup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to immerse it; dip it in something", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "misup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "misup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:misuppaa#e7883", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:misuppaa#e7480", "Katersat:lex_14930" ], "id": "misup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to immerse it; dip it in something", "en_short": "to immerse it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "immerse it; dip it in something" } } ], "mitaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to dress up for a carnival", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mitaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mitaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mitaarpoq#e7890", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mitaarpoq#e7487", "Katersat:lex_5450" ], "id": "mitaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to dress up for a carnival", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "dres up for a carnival" } } ], "mitaller": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be mean; be malevolent", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mitaller" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mitaller", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mitallerpoq#e7896", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mitallerpoq#e7493", "Katersat:lex_694" ], "id": "mitaller", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be mean; be malevolent", "en_short": "to be mean", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be mean; be malevolent" } } ], "mitap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to make fun of him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mitap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mitap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mitappaa#e7897", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mitappaa#e7494", "Katersat:lex_5018" ], "id": "mitap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to make fun of him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "make fun of him/her" } } ], "mitassip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to make funny faces; pull faces", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mitassip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mitassip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mitassippoq#e7898", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mitassippoq#e7495", "Katersat:lex_10256" ], "id": "mitassip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to make funny faces; pull faces", "en_short": "to make funny faces", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "make funny faces; pull faces" } } ], "mitsima": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to perch (said of a bird)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mitsima" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mitsima", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mitsimavoq#e7905", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mitsimavoq#e7502", "Katersat:lex_15009" ], "id": "mitsima", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to perch (said of a bird)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "perch (said of a bird)" } } ], "moreer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to grind it; sharpen it; sand it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "moreer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "moreer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:moreerpaa#e7917", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:moreerpaa#e7516", "Katersat:lex_8289" ], "id": "moreer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to grind it; sharpen it; sand it", "en_short": "to grind it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "grind it; sharpen it; sand it" } } ], "morfip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be stuck in the mud", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "morfip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "morfip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:morfippoq#e7920", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:morfippoq#e7519", "Katersat:lex_15062" ], "id": "morfip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be stuck in the mud", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be stuck in the mud" } } ], "moriip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have a rounded top (said of a mountain); be blunt (said of a tool)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "moriip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "moriip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:moriippoq#e7921", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:moriippoq#e7520", "Katersat:lex_15064" ], "id": "moriip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have a rounded top (said of a mountain); be blunt (said of a tool)", "en_short": "to have a rounded top (said of a mountain)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have a rounded top (said of a mountain); be blunt (said of a tool)" } } ], "morpar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to sink further in; sink down deeper", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "morpar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "morpar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:morparpoq#e7925", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:morparpoq#e7522", "Katersat:lex_15069" ], "id": "morpar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to sink further in; sink down deeper", "en_short": "to sink further in", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "sink further in; sink down deeper" } } ], "morroor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to bark (said of a fox)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "morroor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "morroor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:morroorpoq#e7926", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:morroorpoq#e7523", "Katersat:lex_15071" ], "id": "morroor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to bark (said of a fox)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "bark (said of a fox)" } } ], "morsup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to disappear under the surface of the water", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "morsup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "morsup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:morsuppoq#e7927", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:morsuppoq#e7524", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.13", "Katersat:lex_2977" ], "id": "morsup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to disappear under the surface of the water", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "disappear under the surface of the water" } } ], "mullup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to take a long time to bring it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mullup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mullup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mulluppaa#e7939", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mulluppaa#e7534", "Katersat:lex_15106" ], "id": "mullup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to take a long time to bring it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "take a long time to bring it" } } ], "mulu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be away for a long time", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mulu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mulu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:muluvoq#e7941", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:muluvoq#e7536", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5", "Bjornum2012:K1", "Katersat:lex_10910" ], "id": "mulu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be away for a long time", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be away for a long time" } } ], "muminnga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be facing the wrong side up/ wrong side out", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "muminnga" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "muminnga", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:muminngavoq#e7945", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:muminngavoq#e7540", "Katersat:lex_13243" ], "id": "muminnga", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be facing the wrong side up/ wrong side out", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be facing the wrong side up/ wrong side out" } } ], "mumip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to turn it over", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "mumip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "mumip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:mumippaa#e7946", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mumippaa#e7541", "Katersat:lex_5094" ], "id": "mumip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to turn it over", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "turn it over" } } ], "naaggaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to say \"no\"", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naaggaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naaggaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naaggaarpoq#e7979", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naaggaarpoq#e7560", "Katersat:lex_2259" ], "id": "naaggaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to say \"no\"", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "say \"no\"" } } ], "naakki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to assist him/her out of pity", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naakki" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naakki", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naakkivaa#e8010", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naakkivaa#e7590", "Katersat:lex_16079" ], "id": "naakki", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to assist him/her out of pity", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "assist him/her out of pity" } } ], "naakkiar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to throw a harpoon at it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naakkiar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naakkiar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naakkiarpaa#e7995", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naakkiarpaa#e7575", "Katersat:lex_20298" ], "id": "naakkiar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to throw a harpoon at it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "throw a harpoon at it" } } ], "naakkige": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to feel pity for him/her; feel bad for him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naakkige", "notes": [ "misige-type bound -ge verb (Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1: many verbs are used only with V{-ge}V). There is no free IV *naakkivoq; do not mint one. *naakkinarpoq* (Oqaatsit1997:e7999) and the interjection *naakkinaq!* (Oqaatsit1997:e7998; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e7578 'Poor thing!') show a naakki- shape without -ge, but not as a free intransitive.", "Do not collapse this onto naakki. That existing stem is a different lexeme, \"assist him/her out of pity\" (Oqaatsit1997:naakkivaa#e8010).", "FST pin (issue #516, lex_16041 naakkigaa): intended analyses are the two naakkige+TV lines (Ind+3Sg+3SgO and Refl+Int). Competing naakki+Gram/TV+ V+Par+3Sg+3SgO is the participial of the sibling stem naakki (\"assist out of pity\"), not an alternate parse of this entry -- genuine near-homograph pair, both independently corroborated with row-pinned Oqaatsit entries (e7997 here vs e8010 there). Modeled sense isolated; entry preserved.", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset: FST/orthography writes the -ge as a schwa-final verb, and vowel_final_stem is unargued for the same reason as aarlere (AITWG:§6.4 is nominal)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naakkige", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naakkigaa#e7997", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naakkigaa#e7577", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1", "Katersat:lex_16041" ], "id": "naakkige", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to feel pity for him/her; feel bad for him/her", "en_short": "to feel pity for him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "feel pity for him/her; feel bad for him/her" } } ], "naakkitsaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to think it is too bad for him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naakkitsaap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naakkitsaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naakkitsaappaa#e8004", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naakkitsaappaa#e7584", "Katersat:lex_20314" ], "id": "naakkitsaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to think it is too bad for him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "think it is too bad for him/her" } } ], "naakkittaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be unsympathetic; be uncaring", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naakkittaap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naakkittaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naakkittaappoq#e8005", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naakkittaappoq#e7585", "Katersat:lex_20318" ], "id": "naakkittaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be unsympathetic; be uncaring", "en_short": "to be unsympathetic", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be unsympathetic; be uncaring" } } ], "naakkittar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be good hearted; be compassionate; be helpful", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naakkittar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naakkittar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naakkittarpoq#e8007", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naakkittarpoq#e7587", "Katersat:lex_1070" ], "id": "naakkittar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be good hearted; be compassionate; be helpful", "en_short": "to be good hearted", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be good hearted; be compassionate; be helpful" } } ], "naakkiup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to stumble; trip", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naakkiup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naakkiup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naakkiuppoq#e8009", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naakkiuppoq#e7589", "Katersat:lex_20323" ], "id": "naakkiup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to stumble; trip", "en_short": "to stumble", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "stumble; trip" } } ], "aagialip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have bruises; have blood blisters", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aagialip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aagialip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aagialippoq#e7", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aagialippoq#e10", "Katersat:lex_31866" ], "id": "aagialip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have bruises; have blood blisters", "en_short": "to have bruises", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have bruises; have blood blisters" } } ], "aakkar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to get broken up by the current (said of ice)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aakkar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aakkar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aakkarpoq#e26", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aakkarpoq#e29", "Katersat:lex_31914" ], "id": "aakkar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to get broken up by the current (said of ice)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "get broken up by the current (said of ice)" } } ], "aalajanger": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to decide; make up one's mind; to decide/determine it; to fasten/fix it (so it no longer moves)", "valency": "ambitransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aalajanger", "notes": [ "#544 theme 2 shared base for the aalajanger* decision/enact dict-inject cluster. Katersat FST treats the family as atomic aalajanger+IV/TV (e.g. lex_31941 aalajangerpoq; lex_31944 aalajangerpaa). Do not explode into per-lemma dict_* roots.", "Oqaatsit1997 lists two aalajangerpaa rows (e33 decide/determine; e34 fasten/fix + make a ruling). Both senses sit on this one stem; do not split into two YAML ids without a fresh homograph pass.", "Derivational siblings (not separate stems): aalajangersarpaa = aalajanger + V_sar_Vb (katersat SAR; Kleinschmidt1871 dedicated headword under .sarpaa + own aalajangersarpaa entry; Oqaatsit1997:e37; Katersat lex_31945) — adjudicated factitive in #609, not V_tar_Vb habitual; aalajangersimavoq = +SIMA; aalajangerneq = +NIQ; aalajangersagaq = V_sar_Vb + V_taq_N (factitive + passive participle; mined as a sourced worked example in issue #605 after #609 adjudicated the factitive vs habitual homograph); aalajangiivoq = HTR of the TV stem. Prefer composition over minting aalajangersar / aalajangersima / aalajangersagaq.", "Withdrawn Katersat stem aalajangersor (docs/investigations/katersat/katersat-suspect-withdrawal.md, lex_153060, flag D) remains out: FST also offers aalajanger+TUR for aalajangersorpaa. Do not auto-restore aalajangersor.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation surfaces are r-final (aalajangerpoq / aalajangerpaa); uvular_final_stem not independently confirmed for this lexeme." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aalajanger", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to decide; determine it; fasten it; fix it", "en_short": "to decide", "da": "at beslutte sig; bestemme det; fastsætte det; fastgøre det", "verb_phrase": "decide; determine it; fasten it; fix it", "da_verb_phrase": "at beslutte sig; bestemme det; fastsætte det; fastgøre det", "da_short": "at beslutte", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aalajangerpoq", "natural": "he/she decides / makes up his/her mind (Oqaatsit1997:e35; Nielsen2012 §6.5)" }, { "surface": "aalajangerpaa", "natural": "he/she decides/determines it; fastens/fixes it (Oqaatsit1997:e33/e34)" }, { "surface": "aalajangersimavoq", "natural": "it has been decided; it stands firm (this stem + V_sima_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e38; Nielsen2012 §6.5)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalajangerpaa#e34", "Oqaatsit1997:aalajangersimavoq#e38", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalajangersimavoq#e40", "Oqaatsit1997:aalajangerpoq#e35", "Oqaatsit1997:aalajangerpaa#e33", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalajangerpoq#e37", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalajangerpaa#e36", "Nielsen2012:§6.5", "Katersat:lex_31941" ], "id": "aalajanger", "category": "verbs" } ], "aalakoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be drunk; be inebriated; be under the influence of alcohol", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aalakoor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aalakoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalakoorpoq#e46", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalakoorpoq#e48", "Katersat:lex_3408" ], "id": "aalakoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be drunk; be inebriated; be under the influence of alcohol", "en_short": "to be drunk", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be drunk; be inebriated; be under the influence of alcohol" } } ], "attakoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to throw out refuse; empty the dust bin", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "attakoor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "attakoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "SchultzLorentzen1926:attakoorpoq#e242", "SchultzLorentzen1927:attakoorpoq#e242", "Katersat:lex_121362" ], "id": "attakoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to throw out refuse; empty the dust bin", "en_short": "to throw out refuse", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "throw out refuse; empty the dust bin" } } ], "aalakuussalaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be tipsy; be buzzed", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aalakuussalaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aalakuussalaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalakuussalaarpoq#e47", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalakuussalaarpoq#e49", "Katersat:lex_32078" ], "id": "aalakuussalaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be tipsy; be buzzed", "en_short": "to be tipsy", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be tipsy; be buzzed" } } ], "aalanguser": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be a mirage", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aalanguser" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aalanguser", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalanguserpoq#e49", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalanguserpoq#e51", "Katersat:lex_31921" ], "id": "aalanguser", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be a mirage", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be a mirage" } } ], "aalassap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to duck suddenly into the water (a seal); to get rough (the sea)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aalassap", "notes": [ "Exact sense pairing: Oqaatsit e58 and English e58 describe a seal suddenly diving; Oqaatsit e57 and English e59 describe the sea becoming rough. Both are intransitive citation contexts, grouped under this existing catalog ID without asserting historical common origin or a productive relationship. Keep the subject contexts distinct; a resolving citation alone did not catch the former sea-row pin on the seal-only gloss." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aalassap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalassappoq#e57", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalassappoq#e59", "Oqaatsit1997:aalassappoq#e58", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalassappoq#e58", "Katersat:lex_32144" ], "id": "aalassap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to duck suddenly into the water (a seal); to get rough (the sea)", "en_short": "to duck suddenly into the water (a seal)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "duck suddenly into the water (a seal); get rough (the sea)" } } ], "aalisar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to fish; go fishing", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aalisar", "notes": [ "The pinned modern nominal fisherman rows attest the exact existing aalisartoq example, not another intransitive verb citation or a new atomic stem. Its documented participial analysis remains separate from lexical attestation.", "#544 theme 2 / wallpaper fix (#558): pedagogy host aalisarpoq must ride THIS stem, not catalog wallpaper noun aalisaq + N_r_loanword_Vb / N_t_hunt_Vb (see docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme1-affix-ambiguity-dossiers.md dossier 2 and docs/investigations/deconstruct/dict-deconstruct-theme2-shared-bases.md).", "Independent atomicity review for Katersat re-admission: Oqaatsit1997:e91 and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e91 headword aalisarpoq; Kleinschmidt1871 and SchultzLorentzen1926 lexical headwords; Bjørnum/Nielsen pedagogy host throughout affix chapters. Katersat flag D (competing aak+LISAR / aaq+LISAR analyses on lex_32135) is rejected for fishing glosses.", "Distinct from noun aalisagaq ('fish') and from wallpaper aalisaq. Theme-2 aalisakke* fish-plant forms compose from aalisagaq + N_lire_Vb (fusion), not from this verb stem — despite some Katersat parses via aalisar+TAQ+LIRI.", "Same -ar-final uvular_final_stem reasoning as nuannaar/piniar; Kleinschmidt notes rarer Labrador aalasarpoq, not a distinct sense." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aalisar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to fish; go fishing", "en_short": "to fish", "da": "at fiske", "verb_phrase": "fish; go fishing", "da_verb_phrase": "at fiske", "da_short": "at fiske", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aalisarpoq", "natural": "he/she is fishing / fishes (Oqaatsit1997:e91; Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 pedagogy host)" }, { "surface": "aalisartoq", "natural": "fisherman (this stem + V_soq_N; Bjornum2012)" }, { "surface": "aalisariarpoq", "natural": "he/she has gone out to fish (this stem + V_riaq_Vb; Nielsen2012)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalisartoq#e92", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalisartoq#e92", "Oqaatsit1997:aalisarpoq#e91", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalisarpoq#e91", "Kleinschmidt1871:aalisarpoq#e1437", "SchultzLorentzen1926:aalisarpoq#e2761", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2", "Katersat:lex_32135" ], "id": "aalisar", "category": "verbs" } ], "aallaa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to shoot it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aallaa" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aallaa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aallaavaa#e105", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallaavaa#e106", "Katersat:lex_32429" ], "id": "aallaa", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to shoot it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "shoot it" } } ], "aallaama": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be restless; be unable to sit still", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aallaama" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aallaama", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aallaamavoq#e96", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallaamavoq#e96", "Katersat:lex_32384" ], "id": "aallaama", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be restless; be unable to sit still", "en_short": "to be restless", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be restless; be unable to sit still" } } ], "aallaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be on a hunting trip", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aallaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aallaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aallaarpoq#e100", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallaarpoq#e100", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.9", "Katersat:lex_32401" ], "id": "aallaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be on a hunting trip", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be on a hunting trip" } } ], "aallarataar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to walk quickly; walk smartly; march", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aallarataar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aallarataar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aallarataarpoq#e119", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallarataarpoq#e119", "Katersat:lex_32297" ], "id": "aallarataar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to walk quickly; walk smartly; march", "en_short": "to walk quickly", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "walk quickly; walk smartly; march" } } ], "aallup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to work hard on it; concentrate on it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aallup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aallup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aalluppaa#e146", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aalluppaa#e146", "Katersat:lex_32376" ], "id": "aallup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to work hard on it; concentrate on it", "en_short": "to work hard on it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "work hard on it; concentrate on it" } } ], "aamaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to glow (said of something that has been ignited); be red hot", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aamaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aamaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aamaarpoq#e148", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aamaarpoq#e148", "Katersat:lex_32475" ], "id": "aamaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to glow (said of something that has been ignited); be red hot", "en_short": "to glow (said of something that has been ignited)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "glow (said of something that has been ignited); be red hot" } } ], "aammaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to ask for more; say \"aamma\"", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aammaar", "notes": [ "Selected asks-for-more sense pairs Danish e163 with English e162. The former Danish e162 citation instead attests doing something again; that reading is not automatically assigned to this entry solely through identical spelling." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aammaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aammaarpoq#e163", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aammaarpoq#e162", "Katersat:lex_32500" ], "id": "aammaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to ask for more; say \"aamma\"", "en_short": "to ask for more", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "ask for more; say \"aamma\"" } } ], "aammaloor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to want more; want another helping; say \"aammalu\"", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aammaloor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aammaloor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aammaloorpoq#e164", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aammaloorpoq#e164", "Katersat:lex_32485" ], "id": "aammaloor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to want more; want another helping; say \"aammalu\"", "en_short": "to want more", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "want more; want another helping; say \"aammalu\"" } } ], "aammer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be glowing (said of coals or embers)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aammer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aammer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aammerpoq#e166", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aammerpoq#e166", "Katersat:lex_32490" ], "id": "aammer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be glowing (said of coals or embers)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be glowing (said of coals or embers)" } } ], "aanngasip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be barely visible; be barely audible", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aanngasip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aanngasip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aanngasippoq#e190", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aanngasippoq#e189", "Katersat:lex_32576" ], "id": "aanngasip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be barely visible; be barely audible", "en_short": "to be barely visible", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be barely visible; be barely audible" } } ], "aapakor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have heretical religious ideas", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aapakor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aapakor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aapakorpoq#e201", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aapakorpoq#e200", "Katersat:lex_32609" ], "id": "aapakor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have heretical religious ideas", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have heretical religious ideas" } } ], "aappassaaneer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to do it a second time; do it one more time", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aappassaaneer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aappassaaneer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aappassaaneerpaa#e234", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappassaaneerpaa#e234", "Katersat:lex_32703" ], "id": "aappassaaneer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to do it a second time; do it one more time", "en_short": "to do it a second time", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "do it a second time; do it one more time" } } ], "aappeer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to say yes; say \"yes\"", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aappeer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aappeer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aappeerpoq#e239", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappeerpoq#e239", "Katersat:lex_32704" ], "id": "aappeer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to say yes; say \"yes\"", "en_short": "to say yes", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "say yes; say \"yes\"" } } ], "aappila": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be red", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aappila" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aappila", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aappilavoq#e244", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappilavoq#e245", "Katersat:lex_32714" ], "id": "aappila", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be red", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be red" } } ], "aappiller": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to blush; redden", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aappiller" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aappiller", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aappillerpoq#e245", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aappillerpoq#e246", "Katersat:lex_32634" ], "id": "aappiller", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to blush; redden", "en_short": "to blush", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "blush; redden" } } ], "aaqqissuup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to organize it; arrange it; put it in order; correct it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaqqissuup", "notes": [ "The exact English HTR organizing/arranging row independently attests the existing example surface. Oqaatsit e268 already lists this variant; no new p-stem HTR sandhi map or separate atomic HTR stem is inferred.", "#623 / #544 theme 2 half (2): admit aaqqissuup on its own Oqaatsit1997 + Katersat atomic evidence. Unlocks organize/arrangement surfaces (aaqqissuuppaa, aaqqissuunneqarneq) without waiting on aaqqissor+HTR.", "Do not merge with aaqqissor (older DAKA + Katersat editorial/HTR family) or with catalog aaqqiup (sight a gun; Oqaatsit1997:e271). Related aaqqip (arrange/fix/recover) is a different sense/host — not this stem.", "HTR sibling aaqqissuussivoq = aaqqissuup + HTR (Katersat lex_32791; Oqaatsit1997 lists it as the intransitive variant of e268). Prefer composition once V_si_Vb covers p-stem HTR (docs/katersat-sandhi-tru-htr.md gap: p → -ussi-). Do not mint aaqqissuussi as a separate stem.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation is p-final (aaqqissuuppaa); p-stem HTR sandhi is the open #605 F3 gap, not a reason to block the TV stem itself." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aaqqissuup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to organize it; arrange it; put it in order; correct it", "en_short": "to organize it", "da": "at ordne det; lægge det til rette; tilrettelægge det; organisere det", "verb_phrase": "organize it; arrange it; put it in order; correct it", "da_verb_phrase": "at ordne det; lægge det til rette; tilrettelægge det; organisere det", "da_short": "at ordne det", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aaqqissuuppaa", "natural": "he/she organizes/arranges it; puts it in order (Oqaatsit1997:e268; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e270; Katersat lex_32785)" }, { "surface": "aaqqissuussivoq", "natural": "he/she organizes/arranges (something) — HTR of this stem (Oqaatsit1997:e268 variant; Katersat lex_32791 = aaqqissuup+HTR)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaqqissuussivoq#e272", "Oqaatsit1997:aaqqissuuppaa#e268", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaqqissuuppaa#e270", "Katersat:lex_32785" ], "id": "aaqqissuup", "category": "verbs" } ], "aaqqiup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to sight it (a gun)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaqqiup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aaqqiup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aaqqiuppaa#e271", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaqqiuppaa#e274", "Katersat:lex_32796" ], "id": "aaqqiup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to sight it (a gun)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "sight it (a gun)" } } ], "aarlere": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be worried; be uneasy; be afraid that there will be bad weather", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aarlere", "notes": [ "Exact derived-word pins attest concern about a person/thing, the explicit sila aarlerigaa weather expression, and looks-threatening aarlerinarpoq. These confirm lexical examples, not independent productive GE/NAR segmentation or an invariant phonemic root. The killer-whale-fright aarlerivoq homograph is not selected.", "Homograph split: Oqaatsit1997 lists two unnumbered aarlerivoq headwords -- e286 ('er bekymret'; 'er urolig'; 'frygter at det bliver dårligt vejr') is this entry, and e287 ('er skræmt af spækhuggere (om et fangstdyr)') is a different sense, left for a future entry. Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts splits the same way (e289 vs e288). Citations pinned to the worried-sense rows.", "Transitive *aarlerigaa* (Oqaatsit1997:e278, Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e280) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem aarlerige. A former atomic stem aarlerige was withdrawn as that composition (issue #516).", "FST writes this lemma with final -e (aarlere+Gram/IV), the usual Katersat spelling of a schwa-final verb. morphology_class.stem_type is deliberately left unset: the schema's schwa_final_stem value is grounded by AITWG:§6.4 ('Nominal stem-types'); whether that enum independently extends to a VERBAL schwa-stem has not been confirmed. Same deferral as tuni/atsigi/qupi in verbs_mofo_derived.yaml. Do not silently assert vowel_final_stem.", "Katersat:lex_32832 is not a usable citation here: in this repo that number is a DAKA Danish-row anchor (1960 succedere; 2003 udelt), not *aarlerivoq*. FST aarlere+IV is pinned on the derived surface *aarlerinartorsiortoq* (lex_161896), which does not collide with a DAKA e161896 row.", "*aarlerinarpoq* (Oqaatsit1997:e282 'det ser truende ud'; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e284 'looks threatening') is this stem plus V_naq_Vb, not a separate atomic stem aarlerinar. FST on lex_161896 is aarlere+IV+NAR+... Do not mint aarlerinar." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aarlere", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aarlerivoq", "natural": "he/she is worried; is uneasy (Oqaatsit1997:e286)" }, { "surface": "aarlerigaa", "natural": "he/she is worried about him/her (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e278)" }, { "surface": "aarlerinarpoq", "natural": "it looks threatening (this stem + V_naq_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e282)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aarlerigaa#e278", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarlerigaa#e280", "Oqaatsit1997:aarlerigaa#e279", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarlerigaa#e281", "Oqaatsit1997:aarlerinarpoq#e282", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarlerinarpoq#e284", "Oqaatsit1997:aarlerivoq#e286", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarlerivoq#e289", "Katersat:lex_161896" ], "id": "aarlere", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be worried; be uneasy; be afraid that there will be bad weather", "en_short": "to be worried", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be worried; be uneasy; be afraid that there will be bad weather" } } ], "aarleriip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to not be frightened by the impending bad weather", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aarleriip", "notes": [ "Lexicalised antonym of aarlere (\"is not frightened by impending bad weather\"), not the live V_ngngit negation (that surface would be *aarlerinngilaq*). FST lemma is atomic aarleriip+IV. Keep as its own stem.", "Katersat:lex_32819 is not a usable citation here: in this repo that number is a DAKA Danish-row anchor (1960 substans; 2003 udearbejdende), not *aarleriippoq*. Dictionary citations only." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aarleriip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aarleriippoq#e280", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarleriippoq#e282" ], "id": "aarleriip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to not be frightened by the impending bad weather", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "not be frightened by the impending bad weather" } } ], "aarlor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to look up", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aarlor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aarlor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aarlorpoq#e288", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarlorpoq#e290", "Katersat:lex_32835" ], "id": "aarlor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to look up", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "look up" } } ], "aarlorup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to drink it straight from the bottle; drink it all", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aarlorup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aarlorup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aarloruppaa#e289", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarloruppaa#e291", "Katersat:lex_32837" ], "id": "aarlorup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to drink it straight from the bottle; drink it all", "en_short": "to drink it straight from the bottle", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "drink it straight from the bottle; drink it all" } } ], "aarmeer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to say \"amen\"", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aarmeer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aarmeer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aarmeerpoq#e297", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aarmeerpoq#e299", "Katersat:lex_32847" ], "id": "aarmeer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to say \"amen\"", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "say \"amen\"" } } ], "aatsar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to open his/her mouth", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aatsar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aatsar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aatsarpoq#e352", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aatsarpoq#e352", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.9", "Katersat:lex_32958" ], "id": "aatsar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to open his/her mouth", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "open his/her mouth" } } ], "aatsor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to infect him/her/it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aatsor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aatsor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aatsorpaa#e361", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aatsorpaa#e360", "Katersat:lex_32996" ], "id": "aatsor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to infect him/her/it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "infect him/her/it" } } ], "aatsuup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be spread by an infectious agent; be transmitted by a germ or virus", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aatsuup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aatsuup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aatsuuppoq#e362", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aatsuuppoq#e361", "Katersat:lex_33003" ], "id": "aatsuup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be spread by an infectious agent; be transmitted by a germ or virus", "en_short": "to be spread by an infectious agent", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be spread by an infectious agent; be transmitted by a germ or virus" } } ], "aavar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be out hunting caribou; be caribou hunting", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aavar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aavar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aavarpoq#e368", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aavarpoq#e367", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.4", "Katersat:lex_33049" ], "id": "aavar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be out hunting caribou; be caribou hunting", "en_short": "to be out hunting caribou", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be out hunting caribou; be caribou hunting" } } ], "aaverluer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to get blood on himself/herself; have blood on it", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aaverluer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aaverluer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aaverluerpoq#e371", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aaverluerpoq#e369", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.1.4.2", "Katersat:lex_33056" ], "id": "aaverluer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to get blood on himself/herself; have blood on it", "en_short": "to get blood on himself/herself", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "get blood on himself/herself; have blood on it" } } ], "agger": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be on his/her way; be underway; be getting closer", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "agger" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "agger", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "last_vowel_class": "i1" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aggerpoq#e400", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aggerpoq#e398", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.3", "Bjornum2012:K1", "Bjornum2012:K3§5g", "Katersat:lex_61" ], "id": "agger", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be on his/her way; be underway; be getting closer", "en_short": "to be on his/her way", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be on his/her way; be underway; be getting closer" } } ], "agissarip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be good at the violin; be an accomplished violin player", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "agissarip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "agissarip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:agissarippoq#e432", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:agissarippoq#e430", "Katersat:lex_199" ], "id": "agissarip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be good at the violin; be an accomplished violin player", "en_short": "to be good at the violin", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be good at the violin; be an accomplished violin player" } } ], "agiup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to grind it on something", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "agiup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "agiup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:agiuppaa#e433", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:agiuppaa#e431", "Katersat:lex_218" ], "id": "agiup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to grind it on something", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "grind it on something" } } ], "agusup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have food cravings (said of someone pregnant)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "agusup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "agusup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:agusuppoq#e437", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:agusuppoq#e435", "Katersat:lex_237" ], "id": "agusup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have food cravings (said of {{Actor}} pregnant)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have food cravings (said of {{Actor}} pregnant)" } } ], "ajaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to fall in the water because the boat has slipped into the water", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajaap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajaappoq#e444", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajaappoq#e442", "Katersat:lex_1281" ], "id": "ajaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to fall in the water because the boat has slipped into the water", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "fall in the water because the boat has slipped into the water" } } ], "ajaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to push floating ice to the side while sailing", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajaarpoq#e446", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajaarpoq#e444", "Katersat:lex_1283" ], "id": "ajaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to push floating ice to the side while sailing", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "push floating ice to the side while sailing" } } ], "ajakkip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to encounter an obstacle; bump into something (said of something one is trying to insert)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajakkip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajakkip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajakkippoq#e451", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajakkippoq#e449", "Katersat:lex_268" ], "id": "ajakkip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to encounter an obstacle; bump into something (said of something one is trying to insert)", "en_short": "to encounter an obstacle", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "encounter an obstacle; bump into something (said of something one is trying to insert)" } } ], "ajaper": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to steady himself/herself by holding onto it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajaper" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajaper", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajaperpaa#e454", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajaperpaa#e452", "Katersat:lex_297" ], "id": "ajaper", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to steady himself/herself by holding onto it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "steady himself/herself by holding onto it" } } ], "ajasoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be impressed", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajasoor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajasoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajasoorpoq#e457", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajasoorpoq#e455", "Katersat:lex_323" ], "id": "ajasoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be impressed", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be impressed" } } ], "ajassup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to suddenly go very close to him/her/it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajassup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajassup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajassuppaa#e461", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajassuppaa#e459", "Katersat:lex_338" ], "id": "ajassup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to suddenly go very close to him/her/it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "suddenly go very close to him/her/it" } } ], "ajattor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to push him/her/it away", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajattor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajattor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajattorpaa#e464", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajattorpaa#e462", "Katersat:lex_355" ], "id": "ajattor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to push him/her/it away", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "push him/her/it away" } } ], "ajoqersuup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to teach him/her something; instruct him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajoqersuup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajoqersuup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajoqersuuppaa#e473", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajoqersuuppaa#e471", "Katersat:lex_405" ], "id": "ajoqersuup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to teach him/her something; instruct him/her", "en_short": "to teach him/her something", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "teach him/her something; instruct him/her" } } ], "ajorinngor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have gone out of shape", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajorinngor", "notes": [ "Kept as its own stem until a standalone nngor (\"become\") affix is authored (this repo currently has only compounds such as V_tussanngor_Vb). SchultzLorentzen1926 lists variants ajorinngorpoq, ajorunngorpoq -- the u-variant is the ajoq u-grade (cf. ajunngilaq), so this family is ajoq plus nngor, not the withdrawn atomic ajore. Oqaatsit1997:e489 is \"er gået ud af facon\"; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e487 is \"has gone out of fashion\".", "Danish e489 and historical Klein e282 attest loss of shape, not fashionability. English e487 says out of fashion; preserve this source discrepancy without adopting its unsupported fashion sense." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajorinngor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajorinngorpoq#e489", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajorinngorpoq#e487", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ajorinngorpoq#e539", "Kleinschmidt1871:ajorinngorpoq#e282" ], "id": "ajorinngor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have gone out of shape", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have gone out of shape" } } ], "ajornaasaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be very accommodating; be helpful; try to further the goals of others", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajornaasaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajornaasaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajornaasaarpoq#e492", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajornaasaarpoq#e490", "Katersat:lex_698" ], "id": "ajornaasaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be very accommodating; be helpful; try to further the goals of others", "en_short": "to be very accommodating", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be very accommodating; be helpful; try to further the goals of others" } } ], "ajuar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have one or more boils or abscesses", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajuar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajuar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajuarpoq#e542", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajuarpoq#e539", "Katersat:lex_987" ], "id": "ajuar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have one or more boils or abscesses", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have one or more boils or abscesses" } } ], "ajup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to stretch a shoe or boot with a shoe tree", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajuppaa#e576", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajuppaa#e573", "Katersat:lex_1191" ], "id": "ajup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to stretch a shoe or boot with a shoe tree", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "stretch a shoe or boot with a shoe tree" } } ], "ajupataar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be not doing well at all; be having a rough time", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajupataar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajupataar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajupataarpoq#e575", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajupataarpoq#e572", "Katersat:lex_1044" ], "id": "ajupataar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be not doing well at all; be having a rough time", "en_short": "to be not doing well at all", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be not doing well at all; be having a rough time" } } ], "ajusi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to lose out on it; fail to get it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajusi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajusi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajusivaa#e577", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajusivaa#e574", "Katersat:lex_1193" ], "id": "ajusi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to lose out on it; fail to get it", "en_short": "to lose out on it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "lose out on it; fail to get it" } } ], "ajutoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be not successful; be unable to accomplish something", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ajutoor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ajutoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ajutoorpoq#e579", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajutoorpoq#e576", "Katersat:lex_1206" ], "id": "ajutoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be not successful; be unable to accomplish something", "en_short": "to be not successful", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be not successful; be unable to accomplish something" } } ], "akaare": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to like him/her; think well of him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akaare", "notes": [ "Bound -ge verb: 1951-kal lists akaaraa (rivaa) with nuannaraa / iluaraa. No free IV *akaavoq. HTR is akaarinnippoq (FST akaare+TV+HTR), not -sivoq. 1951 set with iluaraa; nuannaraa is V_nnari_Vb (already pedagogized), not a third atomic stem. morphology_class.stem_type left unset (schwa/-ge deferral)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akaare", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akaaraa", "natural": "he likes him/her (Oqaatsit1997:e588)" }, { "surface": "akaarinnippoq", "natural": "HTR of the TV" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akaaraa#e588", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akaaraa#e585", "Katersat:lex_545" ], "id": "akaare", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to like him/her; think well of him/her", "en_short": "to like him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "like him/her; think well of him/her" } } ], "akeqqer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to make enemies; be unfriendly by nature", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akeqqer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akeqqer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akeqqerpoq#e594", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akeqqerpoq#e591", "Katersat:lex_1300" ], "id": "akeqqer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to make enemies; be unfriendly by nature", "en_short": "to make enemies", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "make enemies; be unfriendly by nature" } } ], "akeqqiup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to want to get even with him/her; decide to repay a perceived wrong", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akeqqiup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akeqqiup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akeqqiuppaa#e595", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akeqqiuppaa#e592", "Katersat:lex_1316" ], "id": "akeqqiup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to want to get even with him/her; decide to repay a perceived wrong", "en_short": "to want to get even with him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "want to get even with him/her; decide to repay a perceived wrong" } } ], "akerartor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to chew him/her out; curse him/her; swear at him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akerartor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akerartor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akerartorpaa#e598", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akerartorpaa#e595", "Katersat:lex_1328" ], "id": "akerartor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to chew him/her out; curse him/her; swear at him/her", "en_short": "to chew him/her out", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "chew him/her out; curse him/her; swear at him/her" } } ], "akersuup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to mount an opposition; take an opposing position", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akersuup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akersuup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akersuuppoq#e611", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akersuuppoq#e608", "Katersat:lex_1440" ], "id": "akersuup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to mount an opposition; take an opposing position", "en_short": "to mount an opposition", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "mount an opposition; take an opposing position" } } ], "akiiller": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have no answer; owe someone an answer", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akiiller" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akiiller", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akiillerpoq#e624", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akiillerpoq#e621", "Katersat:lex_1478" ], "id": "akiiller", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have no answer; owe {{Actor}} an answer", "en_short": "to have no answer", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have no answer; owe {{Actor}} an answer" } } ], "akiitsor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to buy something on credit; take on debt", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akiitsor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akiitsor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akiitsorpoq#e630", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akiitsorpoq#e627", "Katersat:lex_1501" ], "id": "akiitsor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to buy something on credit; take on debt", "en_short": "to buy something on credit", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "buy something on credit; take on debt" } } ], "akileraar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to pay tax; pay a tariff; pay a value-added tax", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akileraar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akileraar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akileraarpoq#e646", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akileraarpoq#e643", "Katersat:lex_1608" ], "id": "akileraar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to pay tax; pay a tariff; pay a value-added tax", "en_short": "to pay tax", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "pay tax; pay a tariff; pay a value-added tax" } } ], "akimmap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have come to feel superior; believe himself/herself to be very important", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akimmap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akimmap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akimmappoq#e701", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akimmappoq#e693", "Katersat:lex_1784" ], "id": "akimmap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have come to feel superior; believe himself/herself to be very important", "en_short": "to have come to feel superior", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have come to feel superior; believe himself/herself to be very important" } } ], "akimmip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to bump into something", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akimmip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akimmip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akimmippoq#e703", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akimmippoq#e695", "Katersat:lex_1790" ], "id": "akimmip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to bump into something", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "bump into something" } } ], "akimor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to exceed him/her/it at something; do better than him/her/it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akimor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akimor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akimorpaa#e705", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akimorpaa#e697", "Katersat:lex_1797" ], "id": "akimor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to exceed him/her/it at something; do better than him/her/it", "en_short": "to exceed him/her/it at something", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "exceed him/her/it at something; do better than him/her/it" } } ], "akinnap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to avenge him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akinnap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akinnap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akinnappaa#e713", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akinnappaa#e705", "Katersat:lex_1835" ], "id": "akinnap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to avenge him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "avenge him/her" } } ], "akior": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to answer him/her again", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akior" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akior", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akiorpaa#e718", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akiorpaa#e710", "Katersat:lex_1310" ], "id": "akior", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to answer him/her again", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "answer him/her again" } } ], "akisuallarip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to echo loud and clear", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akisuallarip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akisuallarip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akisuallarippoq#e732", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akisuallarippoq#e724", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.12", "Katersat:lex_1935" ], "id": "akisuallarip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to echo loud and clear", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "echo loud and clear" } } ], "akisugup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be visible through something (for example through branches)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akisugup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akisugup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akisuguppoq#e735", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akisuguppoq#e727", "Katersat:lex_1947" ], "id": "akisugup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be visible through something (for example through branches)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be visible through something (for example through branches)" } } ], "akisup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to reflect light; provide indirect light", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akisup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akisup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akisuppoq#e737", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akisuppoq#e729", "Katersat:lex_1950" ], "id": "akisup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to reflect light; provide indirect light", "en_short": "to reflect light", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "reflect light; provide indirect light" } } ], "akker": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to lift it from underneath; push it up", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akker" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akker", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akkerpaa#e773", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akkerpaa#e765", "Katersat:lex_2053" ], "id": "akker", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to lift it from underneath; push it up", "en_short": "to lift it from underneath", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "lift it from underneath; push it up" } } ], "akkip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to get snagged (said of a fish hook or a needle)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akkip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akkip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akkippoq#e775", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akkippoq#e767", "Katersat:lex_2059" ], "id": "akkip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to get snagged (said of a fish hook or a needle)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "get snagged (said of a fish hook or a needle)" } } ], "akkujoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to beg; panhandle", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akkujoor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akkujoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akkujoorpoq#e779", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akkujoorpoq#e771", "Katersat:lex_2076" ], "id": "akkujoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to beg; panhandle", "en_short": "to beg", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "beg; panhandle" } } ], "akoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to mix it in with something", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akoor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akoorpaa#e781", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akoorpaa#e773", "Katersat:lex_2089" ], "id": "akoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to mix it in with something", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "mix it in with something" } } ], "akor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to catch it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akorpaa#e792", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akorpaa#e783", "Katersat:lex_2163" ], "id": "akor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to catch it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "catch it" } } ], "akorlorup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to do it in his/her leisure time", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akorlorup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akorlorup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akorloruppaa#e785", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akorloruppaa#e776", "Katersat:lex_2108" ], "id": "akorlorup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to do it in his/her leisure time", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "do it in his/her leisure time" } } ], "aku": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to mix it; stir its ingredients together", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aku" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aku", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akuaa#e802", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akuaa#e793", "Katersat:lex_2090" ], "id": "aku", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to mix it; stir its ingredients together", "en_short": "to mix it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "mix it; stir its ingredients together" } } ], "akuere": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to agree with him/her; be of the same opinion as him/her; agree with it; allow it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akuere", "notes": [ "apere-type schwa verb, not a bound -ge with no IV. 1951-kal/1967-kal headword akueraaq is marked (rivoq) with TV -raa(rivaa) and HTR -ersivoq. 1977 glosses akueraaq 'samtykker'. Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akuersivoq#e805 is that HTR, not a separate stem. Do not treat akueraa as V_gi_Vb on a missing *akue-.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST/orthography -e is schwa (same deferral as aarlere/apere; AITWG:§6.4 is nominal)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akuere", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akueraaq", "natural": "he agrees (IV citation; 1951/1967 (rivoq); 1977 ''samtykker'')" }, { "surface": "akueraa", "natural": "he agrees with him/her; allows it (Oqaatsit1997:e807)" }, { "surface": "akuersivoq", "natural": "he gives permission / agrees (HTR; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e805)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akueraa#e807", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akueraa#e798", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akuersivoq#e805", "Katersat:lex_2255" ], "id": "akuere", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to agree with him/her; be of the same opinion as him/her; agree with it; allow it", "en_short": "to agree with him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "agree with him/her; be of the same opinion as him/her; agree with it; allow it" } } ], "akuersor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to allow someone to do something; give someone permission to do something", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akuersor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akuersor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akuersorpaa#e816", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akuersorpaa#e806", "Katersat:lex_2266" ], "id": "akuersor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to allow {{Actor}} to do something; give {{Actor}} permission to do something", "en_short": "to allow {{Actor}} to do something", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "allow {{Actor}} to do something; give {{Actor}} permission to do something" } } ], "akuliarmip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to overlook or miss something", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akuliarmip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akuliarmip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akuliarmippaa#e827", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akuliarmippaa#e816", "Katersat:lex_2332" ], "id": "akuliarmip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to overlook or miss something", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "overlook or miss something" } } ], "akulloruup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to make it in his/her spare time", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akulloruup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akulloruup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akulloruuppaa#e844", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akulloruuppaa#e832", "Katersat:lex_2110" ], "id": "akulloruup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to make it in his/her spare time", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "make it in his/her spare time" } } ], "akunnap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to not fully accomplish what was desired; not quite fit the purpose", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akunnap", "notes": [ "Homograph split: Oqaatsit1997 lists two unnumbered akunnappoq headwords -- e852 ('passer ikke helt til formålet') is this entry, and e851 ('er af middelstørrelse') is a different sense, left for a future entry. 2018 does not follow 1997 row order: e837 is 'does not fully accomplish what was desired' (this entry) and e838 is medium-size (the homograph). Do not pin 1997 e851 to 2018 e837.", "Transitive *akunnagaa* (Oqaatsit1997:e850 'synes det er for sent'; 2018 e836 'the opportunity to do it has passed', variant akunnaginnippoq) is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem akunnage, and not medium-size + V_gi_Vb. The -ginnippoq variant is the HTR of V{-ge}V. A former atomic stem akunnage was withdrawn as that composition (issue #516). Not akunnip (overnight stay; e862).", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation akunnappoq shows p-stem gemination (p+poq => ppoq). This repo's verb stem_type enum currently has no p-final value (only vowel/uvular/velar/alveolar_final_stem). Do not invent one here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akunnap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "akunnappoq", "natural": "it does not fully accomplish what was desired; does not quite fit (Oqaatsit1997:e852; 2018 e837)" }, { "surface": "akunnagaa", "natural": "he thinks it is too late; the opportunity has passed (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Oqaatsit1997:e850; 2018 e836)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akunnappoq#e852", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akunnappoq#e837" ], "id": "akunnap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to not fully accomplish what was desired; not quite fit the purpose", "en_short": "to not fully accomplish what was desired", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "not fully accomplish what was desired; not quite fit the purpose" } } ], "akunnip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to stay overnight while travelling", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akunnip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akunnip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akunnippoq#e862", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akunnippoq#e848", "Katersat:lex_2447" ], "id": "akunnip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to stay overnight while travelling", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "stay overnight while travelling" } } ], "akusseri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have pain in the belly; have abdominal pain", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "akusseri" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "akusseri", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:akusserivoq#e866", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:akusserivoq#e852", "Katersat:lex_2470" ], "id": "akusseri", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have pain in the belly; have abdominal pain", "en_short": "to have pain in the belly", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have pain in the belly; have abdominal pain" } } ], "alakkaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to show up; turn up; pop in (for a short visit)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alakkaap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alakkaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alakkaappoq#e883", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alakkaappoq#e870", "Katersat:lex_2547" ], "id": "alakkaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to show up; turn up; pop in (for a short visit)", "en_short": "to show up", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "show up; turn up; pop in (for a short visit)" } } ], "alanngiala": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be seen in changing light; be in varying illumination", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alanngiala" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alanngiala", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alanngialavoq#e892", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alanngialavoq#e879", "Katersat:lex_2555" ], "id": "alanngiala", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be seen in changing light; be in varying illumination", "en_short": "to be seen in changing light", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be seen in changing light; be in varying illumination" } } ], "alapernaarsor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to keep an eye on him/her/it; spy on him/her/it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alapernaarsor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alapernaarsor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alapernaarsorpaa#e896", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alapernaarsorpaa#e883", "Katersat:lex_2570" ], "id": "alapernaarsor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to keep an eye on him/her/it; spy on him/her/it", "en_short": "to keep an eye on him/her/it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "keep an eye on him/her/it; spy on him/her/it" } } ], "aliage": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be sad about it; be sorrowful over it; find it lamentable", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aliage", "notes": [ "Bound -ge verb: no free IV *aliavoq (dictionary hits are qalaliavoq, unrelated). *alianarpoq* (Oqaatsit1997:e917) shows alia- without -ge as V_naq, not as a free intransitive. Do not mint *aliavoq. morphology_class.stem_type left unset (same schwa/-ge deferral as misige/naakkige)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aliage", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aliagaa#e912", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aliagaa#e899", "Katersat:lex_2619" ], "id": "aliage", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be sad about it; be sorrowful over it; find it lamentable", "en_short": "to be sad about it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be sad about it; be sorrowful over it; find it lamentable" } } ], "alianar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "for it to be sad or tragic that something happened", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alianar", "notes": [ "*alianaappoq* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1061 \"er glædelig; er dejlig\"; 2018 e902 \"is pleasant\") is this stem plus V_it_Vb, not a separate atomic stem alianaap. FST alianaappoq is alianar+IT. Same polarity-flip pattern as mamar + V_it_Vb -> mamaappoq. Do not mint alianaap.", "Transitive *alianaagaa* (1926 e1063 \"finder det dejligt\"; 1927 \"thinks it lovely\") is alianar + V_it_Vb + V_gi_Vb (FST alianar+IT+GE), not atomic alianaage and not a direct hang of V_gi_Vb on the sad base alone. Do not mint alianaage / alianaap.", "Bound TV *aliagaa* (aliage) is a different -ge stem (\"sad about it\"), not this root plus V_gi_Vb. Keep aliage separate.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation alianarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alianar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "alianarpoq", "natural": "it is sad; it is tragic (Oqaatsit1997:e917; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1058)" }, { "surface": "alianaappoq", "natural": "is pleasant; is lovely (this stem + V_it_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1061)" }, { "surface": "alianaagaa", "natural": "finds it lovely; rejoices in it (alianar + V_it_Vb + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1063)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alianarpoq#e917", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alianarpoq#e903", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alianarpoq#e1058", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alianaappoq#e1061", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alianaagaa#e1063", "Katersat:lex_2620" ], "id": "alianar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "for it to be sad or tragic that something happened", "source": "generated" } } ], "aliannaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to bring back happy memories; think that it is wonderful to experience it again", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aliannaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aliannaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aliannaarpoq#e919", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aliannaarpoq#e905", "Katersat:lex_2630" ], "id": "aliannaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to bring back happy memories; think that it is wonderful to experience it again", "en_short": "to bring back happy memories", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "bring back happy memories; think that it is wonderful to experience it again" } } ], "aliasup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be sorrowful; be depressed", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aliasup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aliasup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aliasuppoq#e922", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aliasuppoq#e908", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.4", "Katersat:lex_2655" ], "id": "aliasup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be sorrowful; be depressed", "en_short": "to be sorrowful", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be sorrowful; be depressed" } } ], "aliatsap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to feel desperation; have lost hope (because of worry)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aliatsap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aliatsap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aliatsappoq#e925", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aliatsappoq#e911", "Katersat:lex_1227" ], "id": "aliatsap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to feel desperation; have lost hope (because of worry)", "en_short": "to feel desperation", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "feel desperation; have lost hope (because of worry)" } } ], "aliikkusiar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to go out with people to have fun", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aliikkusiar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aliikkusiar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aliikkusiarpoq#e931", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aliikkusiarpoq#e917", "Katersat:lex_2671" ], "id": "aliikkusiar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to go out with {{Actors}} to have fun", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "go out with {{Actors}} to have fun" } } ], "alimasip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be quite a ways away", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alimasip", "notes": [ "Transitive *alimasigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1107 \"synes at det er for langt borte\"; 1927 \"thinks that it is too far off\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic alimasige. FST offers alimasige+TV. Do not mint alimasige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation alimasippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / amip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alimasip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "alimasippoq", "natural": "is quite a ways away (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e920; Oqaatsit1997:e934)" }, { "surface": "alimasigaa", "natural": "thinks it too far off (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1107)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alimasippoq#e934", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alimasippoq#e920", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alimasigaa#e1107", "Katersat:lex_2682", "Katersat:lex_121565" ], "id": "alimasip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be quite a ways away", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be quite a ways away" } } ], "alinnar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be large; be ample; be extensive", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alinnar", "notes": [ "Transitive *alinnaraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1076 \"anser det for stort\"; 1927 \"considers it too great\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem alinnare. FST offers alinnare+TV beside alip+NAR+GE; that competing base+NAR+GE parse is noted, not preferred for this headword. Do not mint alinnare. Distinct from false pair alippoq (torn) / aligaa.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation alinnarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alinnar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "alinnarpoq", "natural": "is large; is ample (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e921; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1075)" }, { "surface": "alinnaraa", "natural": "considers it too great (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1076)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alinnarpoq#e935", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alinnarpoq#e921", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alinnarpoq#e1075", "SchultzLorentzen1926:alinnaraa#e1076", "Katersat:lex_2688" ], "id": "alinnar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be large; be ample; be extensive", "en_short": "to be large", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be large; be ample; be extensive" } } ], "aliortor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to see ghosts; experience supernatural events", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aliortor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aliortor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aliortorpoq#e938", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aliortorpoq#e924", "Katersat:lex_2703" ], "id": "aliortor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to see ghosts; experience supernatural events", "en_short": "to see ghosts", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "see ghosts; experience supernatural events" } } ], "alittor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to tear it to pieces; rip it up", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alittor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alittor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alittorpaa#e942", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alittorpaa#e928", "Katersat:lex_2726" ], "id": "alittor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to tear it to pieces; rip it up", "en_short": "to tear it to pieces", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "tear it to pieces; rip it up" } } ], "allanar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to seem foreign", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allanar", "notes": [ "Transitive *allanaraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e3072 \"synes, at ham har forandret sig\"; 1927 \"thinks that he has changed\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic allanare. FST offers allanare+TV. Do not mint allanare.", "Soft note (strengthen): 1926/1927 list *allagaa* in the same entry as *allanaraa*. *allagaa* is noun+GE (FST alla+GE / allak+GE; 2018 e957 \"finds it unusual; thinks that he/she is a foreigner\"), not allanar+GE and not this stem plus V_gi_Vb. *allanaraa* = thinks that he has changed (allanar + V_gi_Vb; 1926 e3072). Do not hang allagaa here and do not mint allage.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation allanarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "allanar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "allanarpoq", "natural": "seems foreign (Oqaatsit1997:e1011; Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e994)" }, { "surface": "allanaraa", "natural": "thinks that he has changed (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e3072)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:allanarpoq#e1011", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allanarpoq#e994", "SchultzLorentzen1926:allanaraa#e3072", "SchultzLorentzen1927:allanaraa#e3072", "Katersat:lex_2789", "Katersat:lex_122112" ], "id": "allanar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to seem foreign", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "seem foreign" } } ], "alligar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to hit it with a float spear", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alligar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alligar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alligarpaa#e1090", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alligarpaa#e1072", "Katersat:lex_2924" ], "id": "alligar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to hit it with a float spear", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "hit it with a float spear" } } ], "alup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to lick it; taste it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aluppaa#e1130", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aluppaa#e1114", "Katersat:lex_3073" ], "id": "alup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to lick it; taste it", "en_short": "to lick it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "lick it; taste it" } } ], "alutore": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to find it splendid; think it is beautiful", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "alutore", "notes": [ "TV schwa verb. 1951-kal/1967-kal list alutoraa (rivaa) only -- no (rivoq) IV, unlike akuere/apere. Keep as its own stem; not a live V_gi_Vb collapse (no *alutorpoq IV found). morphology_class.stem_type left unset (schwa deferral)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "alutore", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:alutoraa#e1134", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:alutoraa#e1118", "Katersat:lex_3097" ], "id": "alutore", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to find it splendid; think it is beautiful", "en_short": "to find it splendid", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "find it splendid; think it is beautiful" } } ], "amaamap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be being nursed", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amaamap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "amaamap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amaamappoq#e1143", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amaamappoq#e1126", "Katersat:lex_3400" ], "id": "amaamap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be being nursed", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be being nursed" } } ], "amequsup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be wrinkled", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amequsup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "amequsup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amequsuppoq#e1166", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amequsuppoq#e1149", "Katersat:lex_3141" ], "id": "amequsup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be wrinkled", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be wrinkled" } } ], "amigar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be in short supply; be insufficient", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amigar", "notes": [ "Transitive *amigaraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1260 \"finder det utilstrækkeligt\"; 1927 \"thinks it insufficient\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem amigare. FST prefers amer+TAQ+GE / amigaq+GE on *amigaraa*; that is the competing compositional parse. Do not mint amigare.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation amigarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "amigar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "amigarpoq", "natural": "is insufficient; is in short supply (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e1175; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1262)" }, { "surface": "amigaraa", "natural": "thinks it insufficient (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1260)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amigarpoq#e1193", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amigarpoq#e1175", "SchultzLorentzen1926:amigarpoq#e1262", "SchultzLorentzen1926:amigaraa#e1260", "Katersat:lex_3195" ], "id": "amigar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be in short supply; be insufficient", "en_short": "to be in short supply", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be in short supply; be insufficient" } } ], "amiimeer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to make faces to scare someone", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amiimeer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "amiimeer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amiimeerpoq#e1200", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amiimeerpoq#e1182", "Katersat:lex_3217" ], "id": "amiimeer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to make faces to scare {{Actor}}", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "make faces to scare {{Actor}}" } } ], "amiilaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be terrified; shudder from fright", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amiilaar", "notes": [ "Transitive *amiilaaraa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1216; 2018 e1179 \"thinks it is frightening\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem amiilaare. FST offers amiilaare+TV beside competing ameer+LAAR / amii+LAAR parses — treat those as competing analyses, not a reason to mint ameer / amii here. Do not mint amiilaare.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation amiilaarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "amiilaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "amiilaarpoq", "natural": "shakes from fright; is terrified (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e1181; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1215)" }, { "surface": "amiilaaraa", "natural": "thinks it is terrifying (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1216)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amiilaarpoq#e1199", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amiilaarpoq#e1181", "SchultzLorentzen1926:amiilaarpoq#e1215", "SchultzLorentzen1926:amiilaaraa#e1216", "Katersat:lex_3215" ], "id": "amiilaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be terrified; shudder from fright", "en_short": "to be terrified", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be terrified; shudder from fright" } } ], "amip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be slim; be thin; be narrow", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amip", "notes": [ "Transitive *amigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e1258 \"anser den for alt for smal\"; 1927 \"thinks it far too narrow\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem amige. FST offers amip+GE alongside amige+TV. Do not mint amige.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation amippoq shows p-stem gemination. Same deferral as silip / peqqip." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "amip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "amippoq", "natural": "is slim; is thin; is narrow (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e1190; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1257)" }, { "surface": "amigaa", "natural": "finds it too narrow (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e1258)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amippoq#e1208", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amippoq#e1190", "SchultzLorentzen1926:amippoq#e1257", "SchultzLorentzen1926:amigaa#e1258", "Katersat:lex_3242" ], "id": "amip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be slim; be thin; be narrow", "en_short": "to be slim", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be slim; be thin; be narrow" } } ], "ammallorip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be spherical", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ammallorip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ammallorip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ammallorippoq#e1221", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ammallorippoq#e1201", "Katersat:lex_3267" ], "id": "ammallorip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be spherical", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be spherical" } } ], "ammalor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be round; be circular", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ammalor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ammalor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ammalorpoq#e1224", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ammalorpoq#e1204", "Katersat:lex_3275" ], "id": "ammalor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be round; be circular", "en_short": "to be round", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be round; be circular" } } ], "ammassi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to gather capelin for winter provisions", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ammassi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ammassi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ammassivoq#e1243", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ammassivoq#e1222", "Katersat:lex_3305" ], "id": "ammassi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to gather capelin for winter provisions", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "gather capelin for winter provisions" } } ], "ammassiar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to go out to catch capelin", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ammassiar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ammassiar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ammassiarpoq#e1240", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ammassiarpoq#e1219", "Katersat:lex_3301" ], "id": "ammassiar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to go out to catch capelin", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "go out to catch capelin" } } ], "ammeri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to treat skins; work with skins", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ammeri" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ammeri", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ammerivoq#e1247", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ammerivoq#e1226", "Katersat:lex_3313" ], "id": "ammeri", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to treat skins; work with skins", "en_short": "to treat skins", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "treat skins; work with skins" } } ], "ammip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "for new skin to form over a wound", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ammip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ammip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ammippoq#e1250", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ammippoq#e1229", "Katersat:lex_3320" ], "id": "ammip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "for new skin to form over a wound", "source": "generated" } } ], "ammup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to pull it out", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ammup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ammup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ammuppaa#e1255", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ammuppaa#e1234", "Katersat:lex_3341" ], "id": "ammup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to pull it out", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "pull it out" } } ], "amorap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to pull it halfway out of the water", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amorap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "amorap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amorappaa#e1262", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amorappaa#e1240", "Katersat:lex_3362" ], "id": "amorap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to pull it halfway out of the water", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "pull it halfway out of the water" } } ], "amu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to pull it up; pull it out of the water", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "amu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "amu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:amuaa#e1263", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:amuaa#e1241", "Katersat:lex_3394" ], "id": "amu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to pull it up; pull it out of the water", "en_short": "to pull it up", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "pull it up; pull it out of the water" } } ], "anaa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to hit him/her with something", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anaa" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anaa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anaavaa#e1291", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anaavaa#e1268", "Katersat:lex_4215" ], "id": "anaa", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to hit him/her with something", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "hit him/her with something" } } ], "anaarlussaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to hit it against something (repeatedly)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anaarlussaap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anaarlussaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anaarlussaappaa#e1289", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anaarlussaappaa#e1266", "Katersat:lex_4208" ], "id": "anaarlussaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to hit it against something (repeatedly)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "hit it against something (repeatedly)" } } ], "anaggup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to rest his/her gun on something solid while aiming", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anaggup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anaggup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anagguppoq#e1292", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anagguppoq#e1269", "Katersat:lex_3419" ], "id": "anaggup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to rest his/her gun on something solid while aiming", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "rest his/her gun on something solid while aiming" } } ], "anarnip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to smell of excrement; smell of feces", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anarnip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anarnip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anarnippoq#e1300", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anarnippoq#e1276", "Katersat:lex_3433" ], "id": "anarnip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to smell of excrement; smell of feces", "en_short": "to smell of excrement", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "smell of excrement; smell of feces" } } ], "aneer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be outside; be outdoors; be out playing", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aneer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aneer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aneerpoq#e1308", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aneerpoq#e1283", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.2", "Katersat:lex_3447" ], "id": "aneer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be outside; be outdoors; be out playing", "en_short": "to be outside", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be outside; be outdoors; be out playing" } } ], "aneerasaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be outside to get some fresh air", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aneerasaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aneerasaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aneerasaarpoq#e1307", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aneerasaarpoq#e1282", "Katersat:lex_3445" ], "id": "aneerasaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be outside to get some fresh air", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be outside to get some fresh air" } } ], "anerninger": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to die; pass away", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anerninger" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anerninger", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anerningerpoq#e1314", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anerningerpoq#e1289", "Katersat:lex_3461" ], "id": "anerninger", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to die; pass away", "en_short": "to die", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "die; pas away" } } ], "anersaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to breathe; inhale; exhale", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anersaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anersaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anersaarpoq#e1322", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anersaarpoq#e1297", "Katersat:lex_3475" ], "id": "anersaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to breathe; inhale; exhale", "en_short": "to breathe", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "breathe; inhale; exhale" } } ], "anertikkar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to gasp", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anertikkar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anertikkar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anertikkarpoq#e1332", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anertikkarpoq#e1306", "Katersat:lex_3488" ], "id": "anertikkar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to gasp", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "gasp" } } ], "angakkuersaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to invoke supernatural powers; perform magical deeds", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angakkuersaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angakkuersaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angakkuersaarpoq#e1343", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angakkuersaarpoq#e1317", "Katersat:lex_3506" ], "id": "angakkuersaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to invoke supernatural powers; perform magical deeds", "en_short": "to invoke supernatural powers", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "invoke supernatural powers; perform magical deeds" } } ], "angakkussar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to learn to be a shaman", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angakkussar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angakkussar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angakkussarpoq#e1345", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angakkussarpoq#e1319", "Katersat:lex_3508" ], "id": "angakkussar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to learn to be a shaman", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "learn to be a shaman" } } ], "angakkuusiar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to show his/her abilities as a shaman", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angakkuusiar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angakkuusiar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angakkuusiarpoq#e1346", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angakkuusiarpoq#e1320", "Katersat:lex_3510" ], "id": "angakkuusiar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to show his/her abilities as a shaman", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "show his/her abilities as a shaman" } } ], "anger": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to say \"yes\"", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anger" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anger", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angerpoq#e1371", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angerpoq#e1345", "Katersat:lex_2295" ], "id": "anger", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to say \"yes\"", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "say \"yes\"" } } ], "angerlar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to go home", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angerlar", "notes": [ "stem_type uvular_final_stem is inferred, not a source's own label for this lexeme: citation angerlarpoq (not *angerlavoq) and Katersat FST angerlar+Gram/IV+V+Ind+3Sg. Same class as this repo's other R-stems (Nielsen2012:§4.3.2: R-stammer ender på oprindeligt -q der bliver til -r før endelsen).", "angerlarallalerpoq is angerlar + V_gallaq_Vb's r-stem allomorph (-rallar, added material +allar; Bjornum2012:K9§6) + V_ler_Vb + V_IND_INTR_3SG: begins to go home for the time being. Do NOT analyze as V_raq_Vb + V_llaq_Vb + V_ler_Vb. V_raq_Vb stays nonproductive; that soft chain is the wrong morphemes (issue #797)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angerlar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to go home", "da": "tage hjem", "da_short": "tage hjem", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "go home" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Citation angerlarpoq 'goes home' / 'tager hjem'. angerlarallalerpoq is not a dictionary headword; morphology is angerlar+V_gallaq(+allar)+V_ler (issue #797), not V_raq+V_llaq. Sentence natural follows the speaker (omits 'begins'); V_ler stays visible on the chips.", "examples": [ { "surface": "angerlarpoq", "natural": "goes home; travels back (Oqaatsit1997#e1362 tager hjem; Katersat lex_3556)" }, { "surface": "angerlarallalerpoq", "natural": "goes home for the time being (speaker sentence gloss; chain still has V_ler on chips. Bjornum2012 foreløbig / Nielsen2012 +gallar- 1.)", "natural_da": "tager hjem foreløbig" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angerlarpoq#e1362", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angerlarpoq#e1336", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +gallarpoq", "Katersat:lex_3556" ], "id": "angerlar", "category": "verbs" } ], "angimip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be soaking wet; be soaked to the skin", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angimip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angimip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angimippoq#e1377", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angimippoq#e1351", "Katersat:lex_3583" ], "id": "angimip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be soaking wet; be soaked to the skin", "en_short": "to be soaking wet", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be soaking wet; be soaked to the skin" } } ], "angoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to defecate in one's clothes", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angoor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angoorpoq#e1384", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angoorpoq#e1358", "Katersat:lex_3606" ], "id": "angoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to defecate in one's clothes", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "defecate in one's clothes" } } ], "angorngior": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to excitedly tell of something good that has happened", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angorngior" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angorngior", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angorngiorpoq#e1385", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angorngiorpoq#e1359", "Katersat:lex_3609" ], "id": "angorngior", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to excitedly tell of something good that has happened", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "excitedly tell of something good that has happened" } } ], "angornior": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to excitedly tells of something good that has happened", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angornior" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angornior", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angorniorpoq#e1386", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angorniorpoq#e1360", "Katersat:lex_3610" ], "id": "angornior", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to excitedly tells of something good that has happened", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "excitedly tells of something good that has happened" } } ], "angorsup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have no trouble catching seals (said of a hunter)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angorsup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angorsup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angorsuppoq#e1387", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angorsuppoq#e1361", "Katersat:lex_3612" ], "id": "angorsup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have no trouble catching seals (said of a hunter)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have no trouble catching seals (said of a hunter)" } } ], "angualli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to take a single stroke with the oars or paddle", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angualli" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angualli", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anguallivoq#e1390", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anguallivoq#e1364", "Katersat:lex_3613" ], "id": "angualli", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to take a single stroke with the oars or paddle", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "take a single stroke with the oars or paddle" } } ], "anguar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to row a boat", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anguar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anguar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anguarpoq#e1391", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anguarpoq#e1365", "Katersat:lex_3614" ], "id": "anguar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to row a boat", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "row a boat" } } ], "anguigar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to spear it; kill it with a spear", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anguigar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anguigar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anguigarpaa#e1398", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anguigarpaa#e1372", "Katersat:lex_3624" ], "id": "anguigar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to spear it; kill it with a spear", "en_short": "to spear it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "spear it; kill it with a spear" } } ], "angumere": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to catch up to the person; manage to make it before something happens", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angumere", "notes": [ "TV-only schwa verb, not apere-type: no (rivoq) IV, and do not mint *angumerivoq. Oqaatsit1997:e1406 lists TV angumeraa with variant angumersivoq; that variant is this stem plus HTR (FST on Katersat:lex_3651 is angumere+TV+HTR), same bucket as asaare / asaarinnippoq and alutore. 1997 e1407 / 2018 e1381 is the idiom anilivissoq angumeraa (same lexeme), not a homograph split.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST/orthography -e is schwa (same deferral as alutore/asaare; AITWG:§6.4 is nominal)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angumere", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "angumeraa", "natural": "he catches up to him; manages to meet him in time (Oqaatsit1997:e1406)" }, { "surface": "angumersivoq", "natural": "HTR of the TV (Oqaatsit1997:e1406 variant; not a free IV)" }, { "surface": "anilivissoq angumeraa", "natural": "he managed to meet him just before he was leaving home (Oqaatsit1997:e1407)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angumeraa#e1406", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angumeraa#e1380", "Katersat:lex_3652" ], "id": "angumere", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to catch up to the person; manage to make it before something happens", "en_short": "to catch up to the person", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "catch up to the person; manage to make it before something happens" } } ], "angummap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be able to keep up; be able to follow along", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "angummap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "angummap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:angummappoq#e1411", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:angummappoq#e1385", "Katersat:lex_3658" ], "id": "angummap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be able to keep up; be able to follow along", "en_short": "to be able to keep up", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be able to keep up; be able to follow along" } } ], "aniar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be always going in and out", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aniar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aniar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aniarpoq#e1452", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aniarpoq#e1425", "Katersat:lex_3752" ], "id": "aniar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be always going in and out", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be always going in and out" } } ], "aniinni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to look weather-beaten; look weathered", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aniinni" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aniinni", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aniinnivoq#e1463", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aniinnivoq#e1435", "Katersat:lex_3785" ], "id": "aniinni", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to look weather-beaten; look weathered", "en_short": "to look weather-beaten", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "look weather-beaten; look weathered" } } ], "anillakar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to manage to escape; get out of it", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anillakar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anillakar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anillakarpoq#e1465", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anillakarpoq#e1437", "Katersat:lex_3788" ], "id": "anillakar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to manage to escape; get out of it", "en_short": "to manage to escape", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "manage to escape; get out of it" } } ], "anior": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have a rash; have a skin eruption", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anior" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anior", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aniorpoq#e1515", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aniorpoq#e1486", "Katersat:lex_3833" ], "id": "anior", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have a rash; have a skin eruption", "en_short": "to have a rash", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have a rash; have a skin eruption" } } ], "anip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to toss it out (from a pot or pan)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anippaa#e1516", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anippaa#e1487", "Katersat:lex_3834" ], "id": "anip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to toss it out (from a pot or pan)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "tos it out (from a pot or pan)" } } ], "annaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "rescues him/her/it; saves him/her/it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annaap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annaappaa#e1532", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annaappaa#e1503", "Katersat:lex_4109" ], "id": "annaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "rescues him/her/it; saves him/her/it", "en_short": "rescues him/her/it", "source": "generated" } } ], "annaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "has had it made too big; finds it surprisingly big", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annaarpaa#e1533", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annaarpaa#e1504", "Katersat:lex_4115" ], "id": "annaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "has had it made too big; finds it surprisingly big", "en_short": "has had it made too big", "source": "generated" } } ], "annagiar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "looks for another place to go to avoid starvation", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annagiar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annagiar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annagiarpoq#e1537", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annagiarpoq#e1508", "Katersat:lex_3866" ], "id": "annagiar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "looks for another place to go to avoid starvation", "source": "generated" } } ], "annakannajaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is in immediate danger; escaped from danger with his/her life", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annakannajaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annakannajaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annakannajaarpoq#e1538", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annakannajaarpoq#e1509", "Katersat:lex_646" ], "id": "annakannajaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is in immediate danger; escaped from danger with his/her life", "en_short": "is in immediate danger", "source": "generated" } } ], "annap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is rescued; is saved", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annappoq#e1540", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annappoq#e1511", "Katersat:lex_3872" ], "id": "annap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is rescued; is saved", "en_short": "is rescued", "source": "generated" } } ], "annarlup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is constipated; cannot move his/her bowels", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annarlup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annarlup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annarluppoq#e1542", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annarluppoq#e1513", "Katersat:lex_3876" ], "id": "annarlup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is constipated; cannot move his/her bowels", "en_short": "is constipated", "source": "generated" } } ], "anner": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "has hurt himself/herself", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anner" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anner", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "has hurt himself/herself", "verb_phrase": "hurt himself/herself", "source": "hand" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annerpoq#e1552", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annerpoq#e1523", "Katersat:lex_3889" ], "id": "anner", "category": "verbs" } ], "anngior": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "keeps something secret; has secrets", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anngior" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anngior", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anngiorpoq#e1568", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anngiorpoq#e1539", "Katersat:lex_3966" ], "id": "anngior", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "keeps something secret; has secrets", "en_short": "keeps something secret", "source": "generated" } } ], "anngip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "sews patches on a boot sole; patches the sole of a kamik", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anngip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anngip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anngippoq#e1570", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anngippoq#e1541", "Katersat:lex_3968" ], "id": "anngip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "sews patches on a boot sole; patches the sole of a kamik", "en_short": "sews patches on a boot sole", "source": "generated" } } ], "anngiup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "keeps something from him/her; does not tell him/her the whole truth", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anngiup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anngiup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anngiuppaa#e1571", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anngiuppaa#e1542", "Katersat:lex_3972" ], "id": "anngiup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "keeps something from him/her; does not tell him/her the whole truth", "en_short": "keeps something from him/her", "source": "generated" } } ], "anngup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "gets there; arrives", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anngup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anngup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annguppoq#e1572", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annguppoq#e1543", "Katersat:lex_3980" ], "id": "anngup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "gets there; arrives", "en_short": "gets there", "source": "generated" } } ], "anniar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is suffering from pain; has pains", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anniar", "notes": [ "Transitive *anniaraa* (Oqaatsit1997:e1575) is this r-stem plus V_gi_Vb, the same fusion as Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1 isoraa from isorpoq. A former atomic stem anniare was withdrawn as that composition (issue #516)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anniar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anniarpoq#e1577", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anniarpoq#e1548", "Katersat:lex_3996" ], "id": "anniar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is suffering from pain; has pains", "en_short": "is suffering from pain", "source": "generated" } } ], "annip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "takes it out with him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annippaa#e1588", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annippaa#e1559", "Katersat:lex_4070" ], "id": "annip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "takes it out with him/her", "source": "generated" } } ], "anniup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "hits himself/herself in a sensitive spot", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anniup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anniup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anniuppaa#e1590", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anniuppaa#e1561", "Katersat:lex_4074" ], "id": "anniup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "hits himself/herself in a sensitive spot", "source": "generated" } } ], "annorasser": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "puts on his/her anorak", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annorasser" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annorasser", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annorasserpoq#e1600", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annorasserpoq#e1571", "Katersat:lex_4085" ], "id": "annorasser", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "puts on his/her anorak", "source": "generated" } } ], "annorassi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "sews an anorak", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annorassi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annorassi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annorassivoq#e1601", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annorassivoq#e1572", "Katersat:lex_4087" ], "id": "annorassi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "sews an anorak", "source": "generated" } } ], "annup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "looks stern; looks sour or sulky", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annuppoq#e1604", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annuppoq#e1575", "Katersat:lex_4102" ], "id": "annup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "looks stern; looks sour or sulky", "en_short": "looks stern", "source": "generated" } } ], "anoraalup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is blowing a fair amount; fairly windy", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anoraalup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anoraalup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anoraaluppoq#e1605", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anoraaluppoq#e1576", "Katersat:lex_4163" ], "id": "anoraalup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is blowing a fair amount; fairly windy", "en_short": "is blowing a fair amount", "source": "generated" } } ], "anoraasap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "there is not much wind", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anoraasap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anoraasap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anoraasappoq#e1606", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anoraasappoq#e1577", "Katersat:lex_4164" ], "id": "anoraasap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "there is not much wind", "source": "generated" } } ], "anorersuar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "it is stormy", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anorersuar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anorersuar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anorersuarpoq#e1610", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anorersuarpoq#e1581", "Katersat:lex_4135" ], "id": "anorersuar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "it is stormy", "source": "generated" } } ], "anorler": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "it is windy", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anorler" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anorler", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anorlerpoq#e1619", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anorlerpoq#e1590", "Katersat:lex_4144" ], "id": "anorler", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "it is windy", "source": "generated" } } ], "anorlior": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "flutters; flaps in the wind", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anorlior" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anorlior", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anorliorpoq#e1622", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anorliorpoq#e1593", "Katersat:lex_4151" ], "id": "anorlior", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "flutters; flaps in the wind", "en_short": "flutters", "source": "generated" } } ], "anorsaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "there is a gentle breeze", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anorsaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anorsaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anorsaarpoq#e1626", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anorsaarpoq#e1597", "Katersat:lex_4162" ], "id": "anorsaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "there is a gentle breeze", "source": "generated" } } ], "antabussitor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is taking antabuse to cure alcoholism", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "antabussitor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "antabussitor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:antabussitorpoq#e1631", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:antabussitorpoq#e1602" ], "id": "antabussitor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is taking antabuse to cure alcoholism", "source": "generated" } } ], "apeqqarip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is inquisitve; asks a lot of questions", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "apeqqarip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "apeqqarip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:apeqqarippoq#e1640", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:apeqqarippoq#e1611", "Katersat:lex_4216" ], "id": "apeqqarip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is inquisitve; asks a lot of questions", "en_short": "is inquisitve", "source": "generated" } } ], "apersor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "interrogates him/her; questions him/her; gives him/her the third degree", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "apersor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "apersor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:apersorpaa#e1651", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:apersorpaa#e1622", "Katersat:lex_4236" ], "id": "apersor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "interrogates him/her; questions him/her; gives him/her the third degree", "en_short": "interrogates him/her", "source": "generated" } } ], "apissip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "has gotten as far in as he/she can; has reached the appointed place", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "apissip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "apissip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:apissippoq#e1661", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:apissippoq#e1632", "Katersat:lex_4273" ], "id": "apissip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "has gotten as far in as he/she can; has reached the appointed place", "en_short": "has gotten as far in as he/she can", "source": "generated" } } ], "apor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "bumps into something; runs into something", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "apor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "apor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aporpoq#e1667", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aporpoq#e1637", "Katersat:lex_272" ], "id": "apor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "bumps into something; runs into something", "en_short": "bumps into something", "source": "generated" } } ], "appar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "falls; descends", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "appar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "appar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:apparpoq#e1678", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:apparpoq#e1650", "Katersat:lex_4312" ], "id": "appar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "falls; descends", "en_short": "falls", "source": "generated" } } ], "appasip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is low-lying; is in a low spot", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "appasip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "appasip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:appasippoq#e1679", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:appasippoq#e1651", "Katersat:lex_4323" ], "id": "appasip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is low-lying; is in a low spot", "en_short": "is low-lying", "source": "generated" } } ], "appip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "breaks into song; sings out; starts telling a story", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "appip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "appip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:appippoq#e1682", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:appippoq#e1653", "Katersat:lex_4326" ], "id": "appip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "breaks into song; sings out; starts telling a story", "en_short": "breaks into song", "source": "generated" } } ], "appup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "snow has trapped him/her in his/her house; snow has covered it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "appup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "appup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:appuppaa#e1687", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:appuppaa#e1658", "Katersat:lex_4340" ], "id": "appup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "snow has trapped him/her in his/her house; snow has covered it", "en_short": "snow has trapped him/her in his/her house", "source": "generated" } } ], "apussarip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "there is a deep covering of snow", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "apussarip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "apussarip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:apussarippoq#e1693", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:apussarippoq#e1664", "Katersat:lex_4369" ], "id": "apussarip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "there is a deep covering of snow", "source": "generated" } } ], "apuup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "has reached the destination", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "apuup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "apuup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:apuuppoq#e1703", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:apuuppoq#e1674", "Katersat:lex_4382" ], "id": "apuup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "has reached the destination", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "says sweet things to a baby; sings a loving song to a baby", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqarpoq#e1720", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqarpoq#e1691", "Katersat:lex_4408" ], "id": "aqar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "says sweet things to a baby; sings a loving song to a baby", "en_short": "says sweet things to a baby", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqassup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "says sweet things to a baby", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqassup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqassup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqassuppaa#e1721", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqassuppaa#e1692", "Katersat:lex_4411" ], "id": "aqassup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "says sweet things to a baby", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqilior": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "gets soft (said of a fish that has lain too long in the sun", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqilior" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqilior", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqiliorpoq#e1731", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqiliorpoq#e1702", "Katersat:lex_4426" ], "id": "aqilior", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "gets soft (said of a fish that has lain too long in the sun", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqillup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "has gotten soft (of snow in the spring)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqillup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqillup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqilluppoq#e1732", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqilluppoq#e1703", "Katersat:lex_4434" ], "id": "aqillup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "has gotten soft (of snow in the spring)", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is soft; is tender (said of meat)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqippoq#e1734", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqippoq#e1705", "Katersat:lex_4440" ], "id": "aqip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is soft; is tender (said of meat)", "en_short": "is soft", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqqaama": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "holds its breath underwater", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqaama" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqqaama", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqqaamavoq#e1743", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqaamavoq#e1713", "Katersat:lex_4525" ], "id": "aqqaama", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "holds its breath underwater", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqqaammartu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "can hold its breath a long time; can remain submerged for long time", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqaammartu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqqaammartu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqqaammartuvoq#e1744", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqaammartuvoq#e1714", "Katersat:lex_4527" ], "id": "aqqaammartu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "can hold its breath a long time; can remain submerged for long time", "en_short": "can hold its breath a long time", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqqaa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "dives into the water before he/she has a chance to aim and shoot", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqaa" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqqaa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqqaavaa#e1745", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqaavaa#e1715", "Katersat:lex_4529" ], "id": "aqqaa", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "dives into the water before he/she has a chance to aim and shoot", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqqajuer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "does not dive; stays floating the whole time (said of a seal)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqajuer" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqqajuer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqqajuerpoq#e1746", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqajuerpoq#e1716" ], "id": "aqqajuer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "does not dive; stays floating the whole time (said of a seal)", "en_short": "does not dive", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqqullup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is difficult to get through; is hard to get over (of terrain)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqullup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqqullup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqqulluppoq#e1773", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqulluppoq#e1743", "Katersat:lex_4486" ], "id": "aqqullup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is difficult to get through; is hard to get over (of terrain)", "en_short": "is difficult to get through", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqqunar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is injured; is hurt", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqunar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqqunar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqqunarpoq#e1774", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqqunarpoq#e1744", "Katersat:lex_441" ], "id": "aqqunar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is injured; is hurt", "en_short": "is injured", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqullaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "gets down on his/her knees; kneels down", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqullaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqullaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqullaarpoq#e1793", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqullaarpoq#e1762", "Katersat:lex_4539" ], "id": "aqullaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "gets down on his/her knees; kneels down", "en_short": "gets down on his/her knees", "source": "generated" } } ], "aqup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is at the helm; is steering the boat", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aquppoq#e1798", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aquppoq#e1767", "Katersat:lex_4547" ], "id": "aqup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is at the helm; is steering the boat", "en_short": "is at the helm", "source": "generated" } } ], "arajup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "gets tired of it; loses interest in it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arajup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arajup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arajuppaa#e1808", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arajuppaa#e1778", "Katersat:lex_4579" ], "id": "arajup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "gets tired of it; loses interest in it", "en_short": "gets tired of it", "source": "generated" } } ], "arajutsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "has not noticed it; it (object) did not come to his/her (subject's) attention", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arajutsi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arajutsi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arajutsivaa#e1813", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arajutsivaa#e1783", "Katersat:lex_4593" ], "id": "arajutsi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "has not noticed it; it (object) did not come to his/her (subject's) attention", "en_short": "has not noticed it", "source": "generated" } } ], "arama": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "does not like to be warm", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arama" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arama", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aramavoq#e1814", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aramavoq#e1785", "Katersat:lex_4595" ], "id": "arama", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "does not like to be warm", "source": "generated" } } ], "arfap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "catches a whale", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arfap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arfap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arfappoq#e1821", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arfappoq#e1792", "Katersat:lex_4613" ], "id": "arfap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "catches a whale", "source": "generated" } } ], "arlaatsisar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "has a change of clothes with him/her", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arlaatsisar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arlaatsisar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arlaatsisarpoq#e1871", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arlaatsisarpoq#e1842", "Katersat:lex_4657" ], "id": "arlaatsisar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "has a change of clothes with him/her", "source": "generated" } } ], "arliar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "has a lot to carry / heavy loaded", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arliar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arliar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arliarpoq#e1877", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arliarpoq#e1848", "Katersat:lex_4642" ], "id": "arliar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "has a lot to carry / heavy loaded", "source": "generated" } } ], "arlip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "says that there are many", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arlip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arlip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arlippoq#e1879", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arlippoq#e1850", "Katersat:lex_4645" ], "id": "arlip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "says that there are many", "source": "generated" } } ], "arneri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "chases women; is after women; is a lothario", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arneri" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arneri", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arnerivoq#e1908", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arnerivoq#e1874", "Katersat:lex_4687" ], "id": "arneri", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "chases women; is after women; is a lothario", "en_short": "chases women", "source": "generated" } } ], "arngali": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "loses his/her breath from a sudden pain in the abdomen", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arngali" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arngali", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arngalivoq#e1910", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arngalivoq#e1876", "Katersat:lex_4692" ], "id": "arngali", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "loses his/her breath from a sudden pain in the abdomen", "source": "generated" } } ], "arngili": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "loses his/her breath from a sudden pain in the abdomen", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arngili" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arngili", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arngilivoq#e1911", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arngilivoq#e1877", "Katersat:lex_4693" ], "id": "arngili", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "loses his/her breath from a sudden pain in the abdomen", "source": "generated" } } ], "arningiap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is tired of being only with women", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arningiap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arningiap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arningiappoq#e1913", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arningiappoq#e1879", "Katersat:lex_4694" ], "id": "arningiap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is tired of being only with women", "source": "generated" } } ], "arnisar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "resembles her mother; is the spitting image of her mother", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arnisar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arnisar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arnisarpoq#e1914", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arnisarpoq#e1880", "Katersat:lex_4695" ], "id": "arnisar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "resembles her mother; is the spitting image of her mother", "en_short": "resembles her mother", "source": "generated" } } ], "arpaleraar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "runs (of a bird)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arpaleraar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arpaleraar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arpaleraarpoq#e1916", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arpaleraarpoq#e1881", "Katersat:lex_4708" ], "id": "arpaleraar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "runs (of a bird)", "source": "generated" } } ], "arpalersor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "takes a run up (to a jump)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arpalersor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arpalersor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arpalersorpoq#e1917", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arpalersorpoq#e1882", "Katersat:lex_4707" ], "id": "arpalersor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "takes a run up (to a jump)", "source": "generated" } } ], "arpap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "runs (of a person)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arpap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arpap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arpappoq#e1919", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arpappoq#e1884", "Katersat:lex_4712" ], "id": "arpap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "runs (of a person)", "source": "generated" } } ], "arrap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is irritated; is annoyed", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arrap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arrap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arrappoq#e1922", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arrappoq#e1887", "Katersat:lex_4730" ], "id": "arrap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is irritated; is annoyed", "en_short": "is irritated", "source": "generated" } } ], "arriip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "does things slowly; is a slowpoke", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arriip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arriip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arriippoq#e1924", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arriippoq#e1889", "Katersat:lex_4737" ], "id": "arriip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "does things slowly; is a slowpoke", "en_short": "does things slowly", "source": "generated" } } ], "annaa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to lose it; fail to get it (game animal)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annaa" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annaa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annaavaa#e1536", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annaavaa#e1507", "Katersat:lex_4128" ], "id": "annaa", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to lose it; fail to get it (game animal)", "en_short": "to lose it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "lose it; fail to get it (game animal)" } } ], "annaalluge": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "not to want to be without him/her/it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annaalluge", "notes": [ "Bound -ge verb. Not a collapse onto annaa (\"lose it; fail to get it\", e1536) -- that surface would be *annaagaa, not annaallugaa. No free IV found. Keep. morphology_class.stem_type left unset (same schwa/-ge deferral)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annaalluge", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:annaallugaa#e1531", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annaallugaa#e1502", "Katersat:lex_4105" ], "id": "annaalluge", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "not to want to be without him/her/it", "source": "generated" } } ], "anorsarip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "for there to be a gale", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anorsarip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anorsarip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anorsarippoq#e1628", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anorsarippoq#e1599", "Katersat:lex_4155" ], "id": "anorsarip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "for there to be a gale", "source": "generated" } } ], "anu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to harness it (a dog)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anuaa#e1634", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anuaa#e1605", "Katersat:lex_4183" ], "id": "anu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to harness it (a dog)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "harnes it (a dog)" } } ], "anusinngor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have become wary; have learned from one's mistakes", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anusinngor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anusinngor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anusinngorpoq#e1635", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anusinngorpoq#e1606", "Katersat:lex_4172" ], "id": "anusinngor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have become wary; have learned from one's mistakes", "en_short": "to have become wary", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have become wary; have learned from one's mistakes" } } ], "anusinnguup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have had enough of it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "anusinnguup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "anusinnguup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:anusinnguuppaa#e1638", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:anusinnguuppaa#e1609", "Katersat:lex_4182" ], "id": "anusinnguup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have had enough of it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have had enough of it" } } ], "appakaap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to have gotten through something; have slipped through", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "appakaap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "appakaap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:appakaappoq#e1673", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:appakaappoq#e1644", "Katersat:lex_4299" ], "id": "appakaap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to have gotten through something; have slipped through", "en_short": "to have gotten through something", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "have gotten through something; have slipped through" } } ], "appisaluup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to berate someone; upbraid someone; yell at someone for something they did", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "appisaluup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "appisaluup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:appisaluuppaa#e1683", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:appisaluuppaa#e1654", "Katersat:lex_1330" ], "id": "appisaluup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to berate {{Actor}}; upbraid {{Actor}}; yell at {{Actor}} for something they did", "en_short": "to berate {{Actor}}", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "berate {{Actor}}; upbraid {{Actor}}; yell at {{Actor}} for something they did" } } ], "aqqup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to take it down (for ex., off a shelf)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:aqqup:624bad2c678d", "items": [ { "text": "to take it down (for ex., off a shelf)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:aqquppaa#e1775", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqquppaa#e1745", "Katersat:lex_4492" ], "rationale": "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts e1745 reproduces ‘takes it down (for ex., off a shelf)’; Oqaatsit1997 e1775 gives ‘brings it down’. The parenthetical is explicitly an example of the single downward-removal sense." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aqqup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aqqup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aqquppaa#e1775", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aqquppaa#e1745", "Katersat:lex_4492" ], "id": "aqqup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to take it down (for ex., off a shelf)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "take it down (for ex., off a shelf)" } } ], "arror": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to dissipate; fade away; dissolve", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arror" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arror", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arrorpoq#e1929", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arrorpoq#e1894", "Katersat:lex_4763" ], "id": "arror", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to dissipate; fade away; dissolve", "en_short": "to dissipate", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "dissipate; fade away; dissolve" } } ], "arsi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "for there to be a surplus; to have more than necessary", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arsi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arsi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arsivoq#e1955", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arsivoq#e1919", "Katersat:lex_150862" ], "id": "arsi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "for there to be a surplus; to have more than necessary", "en_short": "for there to be a surplus", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "for there to be a surplus; have more than necessary" } } ], "artor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be unable to accomplish it; find it too hard for him/her; be too difficult for him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "artor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "artor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:artorpaa#e1961", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:artorpaa#e1924", "Bjornum2012:K4§3c", "Katersat:lex_715" ], "id": "artor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be unable to accomplish it; find it too hard for him/her; be too difficult for him/her", "en_short": "to be unable to accomplish it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be unable to accomplish it; find it too hard for him/her; be too difficult for him/her" } } ], "artorsip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to give someone a task they cannot accomplish; burden someone with something too heavy", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "artorsip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "artorsip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:artorsippaa#e1966", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:artorsippaa#e1929", "Katersat:lex_743" ], "id": "artorsip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to give {{Actor}} a task they cannot accomplish; burden {{Actor}} with something too heavy", "en_short": "to give {{Actor}} a task they cannot accomplish", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "give {{Actor}} a task they cannot accomplish; burden {{Actor}} with something too heavy" } } ], "asa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to love him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asa" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asavaa#e1993", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asavaa#e1955", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3", "Katersat:lex_2541" ], "id": "asa", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to love him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "love him/her" } } ], "asaare": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to love him/her deeply", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asaare", "notes": [ "TV-only schwa verb. 1951-kal/1967-kal list asaaraa (rivaa) only -- no (rivoq) IV. Oqaatsit1997:e1970 variant asaarinnippoq is this stem plus HTR {nnek}, not V_gi_Vb (2008 glosses asaaraa as assut asavaa, an intensive of asa, not asa + -ge). Do not collapse to asaar: asaarpoq (Oqaatsit / FST asaar+IV, Katersat:lex_5307) is a different stem, \"ration\".", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST/orthography -e is schwa (same deferral as alutore/akuere; AITWG:§6.4 is nominal)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asaare", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "asaaraa", "natural": "he loves him/her deeply (Oqaatsit1997:e1970; 1951 (rivaa))" }, { "surface": "asaarinnippoq", "natural": "same, HTR (Oqaatsit1997:e1970 variant)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asaaraa#e1970", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asaaraa#e1933", "Katersat:lex_5308" ], "id": "asaare", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to love him/her deeply", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "love him/her deeply" } } ], "asap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to wash it (for ex. the floor)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asappaa#e1984", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asappaa#e1946", "Bjornum2012:K3§6", "Katersat:lex_4887" ], "id": "asap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to wash it (for ex. the floor)", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "wash it (for ex. the floor)" } } ], "asattuup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be understanding of him/her; be protective of him/her; take good care of him/her/it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asattuup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asattuup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asattuuppaa#e1992", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asattuuppaa#e1954", "Katersat:lex_4898" ], "id": "asattuup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be understanding of him/her; be protective of him/her; take good care of him/her/it", "en_short": "to be understanding of him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be understanding of him/her; be protective of him/her; take good care of him/her/it" } } ], "aserfallap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be in bad shape; be falling apart; have lost value", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aserfallap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aserfallap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aserfallappoq#e1997", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aserfallappoq#e1959", "Katersat:lex_4922" ], "id": "aserfallap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be in bad shape; be falling apart; have lost value", "en_short": "to be in bad shape", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be in bad shape; be falling apart; have lost value" } } ], "aserli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to keep to oneself; not involve others in one's affairs", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aserli" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aserli", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aserlivoq#e2000", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aserlivoq#e1962", "Katersat:lex_4925" ], "id": "aserli", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to keep to oneself; not involve others in one's affairs", "en_short": "to keep to oneself", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "keep to oneself; not involve others in one's affairs" } } ], "aseror": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to break it to pieces; ruin it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aseror" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aseror", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aserorpaa#e2002", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aserorpaa#e1964", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "Katersat:lex_175348" ], "id": "aseror", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to break it to pieces; ruin it", "en_short": "to break it to pieces", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "break it to pieces; ruin it" } } ], "asiar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to go for a walk out in nature; go walking outside of town", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asiar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asiar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asiarpoq#e2028", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asiarpoq#e1989", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Katersat:lex_4986" ], "id": "asiar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to go for a walk out in nature; go walking outside of town", "en_short": "to go for a walk out in nature", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "go for a walk out in nature; go walking outside of town" } } ], "asiginnar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to swear off it; give it up; renounce it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asiginnar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asiginnar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asiginnarpaa#e2029", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asiginnarpaa#e1990", "Katersat:lex_4989" ], "id": "asiginnar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to swear off it; give it up; renounce it", "en_short": "to swear off it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "swear off it; give it up; renounce it" } } ], "asiila": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be too big; not to fit snugly", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asiila" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asiila", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asiilavoq#e2030", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asiilavoq#e1992", "Katersat:lex_5000" ], "id": "asiila", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be too big; not to fit snugly", "en_short": "to be too big", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be too big; not to fit snugly" } } ], "asinngar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to grow pale; blanch", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asinngar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asinngar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asinngarpoq#e2036", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asinngarpoq#e1998", "Katersat:lex_5015" ], "id": "asinngar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to grow pale; blanch", "en_short": "to grow pale", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "grow pale; blanch" } } ], "asissor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to denigrate him/her; look down upon him/her; be disrespectful of him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asissor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asissor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asissorpaa#e2037", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asissorpaa#e1999", "Katersat:lex_5017" ], "id": "asissor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to denigrate him/her; look down upon him/her; be disrespectful of him/her", "en_short": "to denigrate him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "denigrate him/her; look down upon him/her; be disrespectful of him/her" } } ], "asoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to stop; cease", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asoor" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asoorpoq#e2041", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asoorpoq#e2003", "Katersat:lex_5047" ], "id": "asoor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to stop; cease", "en_short": "to stop", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "stop; cease" } } ], "asoorup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to stop doing it; quit doing it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asoorup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asoorup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asooruppaa#e2042", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asooruppaa#e2004", "Katersat:lex_5048" ], "id": "asoorup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to stop doing it; quit doing it", "en_short": "to stop doing it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "stop doing it; quit doing it" } } ], "assaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to get out of someone's way", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "assaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assaarpaa#e2051", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assaarpaa#e2010", "Katersat:lex_5283" ], "id": "assaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to get out of {{Actor}}'s way", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "get out of {{Actor}}'s way" } } ], "assalip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to break it up by rubbing it in between the hands", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assalip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "assalip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assalippaa#e2067", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assalippaa#e2026", "Katersat:lex_5068" ], "id": "assalip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to break it up by rubbing it in between the hands", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "break it up by rubbing it in between the hands" } } ], "assammip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to shake hands with him/her; greet him/her with a handshake", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assammip" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "assammip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assammippaa#e2076", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assammippaa#e2036", "Katersat:lex_5085" ], "id": "assammip", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to shake hands with him/her; greet him/her with a handshake", "en_short": "to shake hands with him/her", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "shake hands with him/her; greet him/her with a handshake" } } ], "assap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to dig in it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "assap" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "assap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:assappaa#e2079", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:assappaa#e2039", "Katersat:lex_5093" ], "id": "assap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to dig in it", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "dig in it" } } ], "arsaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "takes something from her/him", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arsaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arsaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arsaarpaa#e1940", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arsaarpaa#e1905", "Katersat:lex_4803" ], "id": "arsaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "takes something from her/him", "source": "generated" } } ], "arsar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "plays ball; a ball game", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arsar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arsar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arsarpoq#e1951", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arsarpoq#e1915", "Katersat:lex_4778" ], "id": "arsar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "plays ball; a ball game", "en_short": "plays ball", "source": "generated" } } ], "arsup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "spoils him/her; pampers him/her", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "arsup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "arsup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:arsuppaa#e1958", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:arsuppaa#e1921", "Katersat:lex_2540" ], "id": "arsup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "spoils him/her; pampers him/her", "en_short": "spoils him/her", "source": "generated" } } ], "artuler": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "cannot carry it any longer; he/she is overcome by it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "artuler" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "artuler", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:artulerpaa#e1967", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:artulerpaa#e1930" ], "id": "artuler", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "cannot carry it any longer; he/she is overcome by it", "en_short": "cannot carry it any longer", "source": "generated" } } ], "asaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "rations something", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "asaar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "asaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:asaarpoq#e1971", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:asaarpoq#e1934", "Katersat:lex_5307" ], "id": "asaar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "rations something", "source": "generated" } } ], "aserfallattaalior": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "keeps it in good condition; keeps it from falling into ruin", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aserfallattaalior" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aserfallattaalior", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aserfallattaaliorpaa#e1999", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aserfallattaaliorpaa#e1961", "Katersat:lex_4924" ], "id": "aserfallattaalior", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "keeps it in good condition; keeps it from falling into ruin", "en_short": "keeps it in good condition", "source": "generated" } } ], "aseruup": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "has gotten infected; is inflamed (for ex., part of the body)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:aseruup:e081db49006b", "items": [ { "text": "has gotten infected; is inflamed (for ex., part of the body)", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Oqaatsit1997:aseruuppoq#e2020", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aseruuppoq#e1981" ], "rationale": "No source edit is proposed; preserve the complete raw meaning. Further annotation would require a reviewed relation that the available source rows establish." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aseruup" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aseruup", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aseruuppoq#e2020", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aseruuppoq#e1981" ], "id": "aseruup", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "has gotten infected; is inflamed (for ex., part of the body)", "en_short": "has gotten infected", "source": "generated" } } ], "ateqar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "has a name; is called/named", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ateqar", "notes": [ "The exact modern English Naasumik ateqarpoq example corroborates the existing named-with-an-instrumental-name context. Keep the bare has-a-name headline and independently cited name-complement construction distinct; dictionary word attestation does not approve a new productive incorporation rule." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ateqar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} has a name; is called; is named", "en_short": "{{Actor}} has a name; is called", "da": "nogen har et navn; hedder", "da_short": "nogen har et navn; hedder", "verb_phrase": "have a name; be called; be named", "da_verb_phrase": "har et navn; hedder", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Kleinschmidt1871 splits two readings: (1) bare ateqarpoq = har et navn / is not nameless; (2) with instrumental -mik (typically a proper name) = har navnet / hedder. SchultzLorentzen1926–27 and Oqaatsit1997 examples (Piitamik/Hansimik ateqarpoq) are the \"hedder X\" reading. Morphologically related to ateq + N_qaq_Vb (see worked_examples/verbal.yaml ateqarpoq), but dictionaries treat ateqar as a lexical IV. Default headline without an INS name NP: \"har et navn\" / \"have a name\"; with co-occurring INS name: \"hedder X\" / \"is called X\" (OqAPI assembleClause idiom — api.oq.gl#174).\n", "examples": [ { "surface": "ateqarpoq", "natural": "He/she has a name." }, { "surface": "Piitamik ateqarpoq", "natural": "He is called Peter. (SchultzLorentzen1926)" }, { "surface": "qanoq ateqarpit", "natural": "What is your name? / What are you called? (Kleinschmidt1871)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ateqarpoq#e2275", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ateqarpoq#e2234", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ateqarpoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ateqarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ateqarpoq#e2233", "Oqaatsit1997:ateqarpoq#e2276" ], "id": "ateqar", "category": "verbs" } ], "najugaqar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "lives/resides; has an address", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "najugaqar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "najugaqar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "najugaqarpoq", "natural": "He/she lives/resides." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:najugaqarpoq#e8327", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:najugaqarpoq#e7872" ], "id": "najugaqar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "lives/resides; has an address", "en_short": "lives/resides", "source": "generated" } } ], "napparsim": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is ill; is sick", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "napparsim" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "napparsim", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "napparsimavoq", "natural": "He/she is ill." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:napparsimavoq#e8790", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:napparsimavoq#e8301" ], "id": "napparsim", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is ill; is sick", "en_short": "is ill", "source": "generated" } } ], "nunaqar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "lives/resides in a place or country", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nunaqar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nunaqar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nunaqarpoq", "natural": "He/she lives there." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nunaqarpoq#e9699", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nunaqarpoq#e9145" ], "id": "nunaqar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "lives/resides in a place or country", "source": "generated" } } ], "paa": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is home alone; stays home looking after the house or tent", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paa" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "paa", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "paavoq", "natural": "He/she is home alone." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:paavoq#e10478", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paavoq#e9817" ], "id": "paa", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is home alone; stays home looking after the house or tent", "en_short": "is home alone", "source": "generated" } } ], "paare": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "looks after; watches over; cares for someone or something", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "paare", "notes": [ "TV schwa verb (paaraa / paarivaa), not a bound -ge. FST on paaraa also offers paaq+GE; that is a competing-root lookalike, not this care-for sense. Do not collapse paare onto paaq + V_gi_Vb. HTR paarsivoq is this stem plus HTR (FST paare+TV+HTR).", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: FST/orthography -e is schwa (same deferral as alutore; AITWG:§6.4 is nominal)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "paare", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "paaraa", "natural": "He/she looks after him/her/it. (Oqaatsit1997:e10354)" }, { "surface": "paarsivoq", "natural": "HTR of the TV (babysit / keep watch)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:paaraa#e10354", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:paaraa#e9709" ], "id": "paare", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "looks after; watches over; cares for {{Actor}} or something", "en_short": "looks after", "source": "generated" } } ], "seqinner": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "the sun shines on something; it is sunny", "valency": "ambitransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "seqinner" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "seqinner", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "seqinnerpoq", "natural": "The sun is shining." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:seqinnerpoq#e14581", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:seqinnerpoq#e13672" ], "id": "seqinner", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "the sun shines on something; it is sunny", "en_short": "the sun shines on something", "source": "generated" } } ], "timmi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "flies (using wings)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "timmi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "timmi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "timmivoq", "natural": "A bird flies." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:timmivoq#e16835", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:timmivoq#e15894" ], "id": "timmi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "flies (using wings)", "source": "generated" } } ], "tingi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "takes off; lifts off; takes flight", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tingi" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "tingi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tingivoq", "natural": "He/she/it takes off." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tingivoq#e16852", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tingivoq#e15912" ], "id": "tingi", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "takes off; lifts off; takes flight", "en_short": "takes off", "source": "generated" } } ], "ukioqar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is a specified number of years old", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ukioqar" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ukioqar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ukioqarpoq", "natural": "He/she is [number] years old." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ukioqarpoq#e17783", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ukioqarpoq#e16822" ], "id": "ukioqar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "is a specified number of years old", "source": "generated" } } ], "uter": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "returns; goes back; repeats something", "valency": "ambitransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uter" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "uter", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "uterpoq", "natural": "He/she returns; goes back." }, { "surface": "uterpaa", "natural": "He/she repeats it." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uterpoq#e18438", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uterpoq#e17456" ], "id": "uter", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "returns; goes back; repeats something", "en_short": "returns", "source": "generated" } } ], "nuannaar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is happy; is glad; is pleased", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nuannaar", "notes": [ "-ar/-aar-final verb stem; classified uvular_final_stem by analogy with this repo's own ajoq/pulaar precedent (Nielsen2012 §4.3.2's 'R-stamme': an originally -q that surfaces as -r before an inflectional ending) rather than an independently attested q/r alternation for this specific stem -- flagged as inferred, not directly confirmed." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nuannaar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is happy; is glad; is pleased", "en_short": "is happy; is glad; is pleased", "verb_phrase": "be happy; be glad; be pleased", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuannaarpoq", "natural": "He is happy / he is glad." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:nuannaarpoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:nuannaarpoq", "Katersat:lex_7913" ], "id": "nuannaar", "category": "verbs" } ], "allap": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to write", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "allap", "notes": [ "No stem_type set -- p-final verb stems have no matching value in the stem_type enum, same precedent as this repo's own ajuallap entry (also p-final, also left unset). A separate transitive sense also exists (allappaa, 'writes it/on it') but is not the citation form cited here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "allap", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "allappoq", "natural": "He writes." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:allappoq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:allappoq", "Katersat:lex_2841" ], "id": "allap", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to write", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "write" } } ], "tigu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to take; to grab; to get hold of", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tigu" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "tigu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "tiguaa", "natural": "He takes it / gets hold of it." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:tiguaa", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tiguaa", "Katersat:lex_35016" ], "id": "tigu", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to take; to grab; to get hold of", "en_short": "to take", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "take; grab; get hold of" } } ], "pinngor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to become; to come into being; to come into existence", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pinngor", "notes": [ "No stem_type set: this stem ends in a nasal cluster (-ngor), not one of the enum's covered final segments, and no existing precedent stem of this shape was found to model it on.", "SchultzLorentzen1926/1927 ALSO record an unrelated homograph under a similar spelling ('the harpoon rebounds off the animal' / Rasmussen1893 pinngorpoq/pinnguvoq) -- a separate lexeme, not cited here. The (pi)/(pe) become-sense rows are the ones in provenance." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "pinngor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pinngorpoq", "natural": "He/it becomes, comes into being." } ] }, "provenance": [ "Katersat:lex_23384", "Kleinschmidt1871:pinngorpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:pinngorpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1927:pinngorpoq", "Petersen1951:píngorpoĸ", "Petersen1967:píngorpoĸ" ], "id": "pinngor", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to become; to come into being; to come into existence", "en_short": "to become", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "become; come into being; come into existence" } } ], "qeri": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be frozen; to freeze (stative)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qeri", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Vowel-final intransitive. Citation form qerivoq (Oqaatsit1997:qerivoq#e12889 / Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qerivoq#e12113). Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4's own +(t)siiaq example is qerivoq → qeritsiiaq, the regular vowel-stem /t/-injection pattern described on V_tsiiaq_N.", "Keep distinct from older-dictionary qerippoq (SchultzLorentzen1926:qerippoq#e7069 'har fået frost; har en forfrysning'; Petersen1967:qerippoq#e3591). That is a t/p-final freeze-injury verb (Katersat lex_26146 qerip+Gram/IV), not this stative, and it has no Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik headword -- not admitted (no DAKA-validated qerit stem)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qeri", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is frozen", "en_short": "to be frozen", "da": "er frossen", "verb_phrase": "be frozen", "da_verb_phrase": "er frossen", "da_short": "er frossen", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4 (qeritsiiaq from qerivoq) and by modern-dictionary headwords (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik), plus Kleinschmidt1871 / Schultz-Lorentzen / Petersen1967.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qerivoq", "natural": "it is frozen / it freezes (Oqaatsit1997's own headword)" }, { "surface": "qeritsiiaq", "natural": "something set aside to be frozen (Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4's own +(t)siiaq example)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qerivoq#e12113", "Oqaatsit1997:qerivoq#e12889", "Petersen1967:qerivoq#e3593", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.4", "Kleinschmidt1871:qerivoq#e3483", "SchultzLorentzen1926:qerivoq#e7065", "SchultzLorentzen1927:qerivoq#e7065", "Katersat:lex_26156" ], "id": "qeri", "category": "verbs" } ], "soraar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to stop; to cease", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "soraar", "notes": [ "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation soraarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller / sakimmer)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "soraar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "soraarpoq", "natural": "he/she stops; ceases (Kleinschmidt1871:soraarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:soraarpoq; Katersat:lex_15301)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:soraarpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:soraarpoq (su)", "Oqaatsit1997:soraarpoq#e15416", "Katersat:lex_15301" ], "id": "soraar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to stop; to cease", "en_short": "to stop", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "stop; cease" } } ], "nakkar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to fall down; to fall through the ice", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nakkar", "notes": [ "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation nakkarpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller / sakimmer)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nakkar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nakkarpoq", "natural": "he/she falls down; falls through the ice (Kleinschmidt1871:nakkarpoq; SchultzLorentzen1926:nakkarpoq; Katersat:lex_5348)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:nakkarpoq", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nakkarpoq#e10963", "Oqaatsit1997:nakkarpoq#e8388", "Katersat:lex_5348" ], "id": "nakkar", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to fall down; to fall through the ice", "en_short": "to fall down", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "fall down; fall through the ice" } } ], "nui": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to appear; to come forth", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "nui" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "nui", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "nuivoq", "natural": "it appears; comes forth (Kleinschmidt1871:nuivoq; Katersat:lex_13113)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:nuivoq#e6182", "SchultzLorentzen1926:nuivoq#e12521", "Oqaatsit1997:nuivoq#e9550", "Katersat:lex_13113" ], "id": "nui", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to appear; to come forth", "en_short": "to appear", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "appear; come forth" } } ], "piareer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be ready; to be prepared", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "piareer", "notes": [ "Transitive *piareerpaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926 \"har beredt det; har bragt det i orden\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem piareere. Keep the -paa form out of the stem inventory. Do not mint piareere.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation piareerpoq is an r-stem / uvular pattern not independently typed here (same caution as mamar / niller / sakimmer)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "piareer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "piareerpoq", "natural": "he/she is ready; is prepared (Petersen1951:piareerpoq; Katersat:lex_22618)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Petersen1951:piareerpoq#e8077", "Oqaatsit1997:piareerpoq#e10970", "Katersat:lex_22618" ], "id": "piareer", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be ready; to be prepared", "en_short": "to be ready", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "be ready; be prepared" } } ], "orni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to go to; to come to (someone or something)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ornip", "notes": [ "Citation stem is ornip- (transitive -ppaa form: ornippaa; intransitive ornippoq), not bare orni — author strips inflection, same as the existing tikit precedent. FST ornip+TV (Katersat:lex_21640) confirms the p-final stem shape." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "orni", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ornippaa", "natural": "he/she goes to him/her/it; comes to him/her/it (Kleinschmidt1871:ornippaa; SchultzLorentzen1926:ornippaa; Katersat:lex_21640)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Kleinschmidt1871:ornippaa#e6466", "SchultzLorentzen1926:ornippaa#e13060", "Katersat:lex_21640" ], "id": "orni", "category": "verbs", "plain_gloss": { "en": "to go to; to come to ({{Actor}} or something)", "en_short": "to go to", "source": "generated", "verb_phrase": "go to; come to ({{Actor}} or something)" } } ], "naa_grow": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to grow", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naa", "notes": [ "Three-way split, do not conflate: (1) this entry -- intransitive grow-naavoq (\"gror; vokser\"); (2) the transitive finish-naa entry (this file, above: naavaa \"has finished it\"); (3) the intransitive end-state naavoq (\"is over; is done\"), same stem family as the finish sense, not this grow stem. Oqaatsit1997 and Ordbogi1977 print grow and finish as separate rows (Oqaatsit #e8267 vs #e8266; Ordbogi1977 naavoq II vs naavoq I); Katersat likewise separates them (lex_131741 naa+Sem/grow+Gram/IV vi \"grow\" vs lex_8074 naa+Sem/end vSn \"end\")." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "naa_grow", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "grows; gets bigger", "da": "gror; vokser", "verb_phrase": "grows; gets bigger", "da_verb_phrase": "gror; vokser", "da_short": "gror; vokser", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naavoq#e8267", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naavoq#e7819", "Ordbogi1977:naavoq II", "Kleinschmidt1871:naavoq#e5811", "Katersat:lex_131741" ], "id": "naa_grow", "category": "verbs" } ], "aasar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "summer has arrived; it becomes summer", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "aasar", "right_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Distinct from the noun aasaq (\"summer\", this repo's stems/nouns.yaml): this is the verbal aasar- stem (citation aasarpoq). Katersat's own entry (lex_32894) carries both an atomic aasar+Gram/IV analysis and TAR-parsed alternatives, so it cannot discriminate an atomic R-stem from an aasaq+tar derivation on its own; the stem_type below rests on the same standard-taxonomy R-stem placement as this file's own pulaar (reclassified per issue #412, q-stem surfacing as r before additive endings, citation form in -r) and najor (uvular_final_stem, underlying {najuq}V), not on Katersat's normalized FST lemma." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "aasar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "summer has arrived", "en_short": "summer has arrived", "da": "det er blevet sommer", "verb_phrase": "summer has arrived", "da_verb_phrase": "det er blevet sommer", "da_short": "det er blevet sommer", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aasarpoq#e316", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aasarpoq#e316", "Kleinschmidt1871:aasarpoq#e1459", "Katersat:lex_32894" ], "id": "aasar", "category": "verbs" } ], "qiviar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to turn one's head to look; to look towards", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qiviar", "notes": [ "IV citation qiviarpoq (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik); TV qiviarpaa also attested (Katersat lex_27277). -ar-final verb; stem_type uvular_final_stem by analogy with nuannaar/pulaar (Nielsen2012 §4.3.2 R-stamme), flagged as inferred." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qiviar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "turn one's head to look; look towards", "da": "vende hovedet mod noget; kigge mod", "da_short": "vende hovedet mod", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qiviarpoq", "natural": "turns his/her head to look (Oqaatsit1997 / Oqaasileriffik)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:qiviarpoq#e13425", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qiviarpoq#e12650", "Katersat:lex_27276" ], "id": "qiviar", "category": "verbs" } ], "uninnga": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to stand still; to stay; to remain; to halt; to keep calm; also blive / holde sig i ro / holde (vogn/slæde) / være gået i stå", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "uninnga", "notes": [ "Lexicalised IV stem (Katersat FST uninnga+Gram/IV+V+Ind+3Sg on lex_36887 and lex_184826). Prefer this atomic stem as primary -- do NOT analyze citation uninngavoq as live unip + V_nga_Vb for catalog composition. plain_gloss.da keeps stå stille first (Oqaatsit1997#e18168) plus holde sig i ro / blive på samme sted as options (attenuation). Vehicle and watch homographs stay out of plain_gloss (Feldüberladungssemikolon).", "Etymology note only (not the primary analysis): Bjornum2012:K9§6 and Nielsen2012:§5.3.3 / MOFO vv/ŋa cite uninngavoq < unippoq / unigpoĸ via the non-productive stative V_nga_Vb (+ngavoq). Recorded here so consumers do not re-mint that live derivation as the default parse.", "Enables uninngasoqarpallaarnera with existing V_toqaq_Vb + V_vallaaq_Vb + V_neq_N + N_ABS_POSS3SG_SG. The chain is kept (issue #798). Not a dictionary headword.", "Hospitalized sense is dictionary-real: Katersat lex_184826 uninngavoq 'be hospitalized'; collocation napparsimmavimmi uninngasoq = indlagt (lex_174370). Speaker sentence gloss for uninngasoqarpallaarnera (2026-09-26) is 'der er for mange indlagt' / 'there are too many people hospitalized'. That lifts the earlier #809 exclusion of bedridden/hospitalized for this surface. Existential 'der er' is in the sentence natural so a reason contemporative can take a fordi-clause; place/time ('i Nuuk', 'nu') stay on neighbouring tokens — not hardcoded here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "uninnga", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "stand still", "en_short": "stand still", "da": "stå stille; holde sig i ro; blive på samme sted", "da_verb_phrase": "står stille; holder sig i ro; bliver på samme sted", "options": { "da": { "stille": "stå stille", "ro": "holde sig i ro", "blive": "blive på samme sted", "ikke_rejse": "ikke rejse" } }, "da_short": "stå stille", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Citation form uninngavoq; lexicalised uninnga stem (Katersat FST), not live unip+V_nga. Homographs include stand still, vehicle/watch stop, and hospitalized/bedridden (lex_184826; napparsimmavimmi uninngasoq). Sentence naturals pick one sense; plain_gloss keeps the stand-still attenuation.", "examples": [ { "surface": "uninngavoq", "natural": "stands still; stays; remains; has stopped (of a watch); is bedridden (Oqaatsit1997#e18168–e18171; Oqaasileriffik#e17196–e17197; Katersat lex_36887 / lex_184826)" }, { "surface": "uninngasoq", "natural": "one who stands still / still-standing (uninnga + participial; Katersat lex_176768)" }, { "surface": "napparsimmavimmi uninngasoq", "natural": "one hospitalized / remaining in hospital (Katersat lex_174370 indlagt)", "natural_da": "indlagt" }, { "surface": "uninngasoqarpallaarnera", "natural": "there are too many people hospitalized (speaker sentence gloss; V_toqaq+V_vallaaq+V_neq. Place/time not in this gloss.)", "natural_da": "der er for mange indlagt" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:uninngavoq#e18168", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:uninngavoq#e17197", "Katersat:lex_36887", "Katersat:lex_184826", "Katersat:lex_174370", "Kalaallisut speaker Danish for Misiliineq uninngasoqarpallaarnera (Jan 2026-09-26)", "SchultzLorentzen1926:uninngavoq#e19558", "SchultzLorentzen1927:uninngavoq#e19558", "Kleinschmidt1871:uninngavoq#e9457", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +ngavoq", "DAKA-2018-eng-kal-dan:stay#e3498" ], "id": "uninnga", "category": "verbs" } ], "sungiusar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "practices; trains", "valency": "ambitransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sungiusar", "notes": [ "Both citation forms are dictionary-real. Oqaatsit1997:sungiusarpoq#e15750 and Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sungiusarpoq#e14824 head the IV ('øver sig; træner' / 'practices; trains'). SchultzLorentzen1926/1927 head the TV sungiusarpaa ('vænner ham til noget; øver ham; afretter det' / 'accustoms him to something; trains him') and list sungiusarpoq as the reflexive subentry ('øver sig' / 'practises (refl.)').", "Katersat lex_31317 FST is sungiusar+Gram/TV (sungiusarpaa). lex_31316 (sungiusarpoq) offers sungiusar+Gram/IV and sungiusar+Gram/TV+Gram/Refl. Longer analyses (sungiusaasartoqatigiit and kin) also show sungiusar+Gram/TV+HTR. HTR is not minted as its own stem; record it so consumers do not invent a second base.", "Lexicalised noun sungiusaat (nouns.yaml) is the preferred gold for sungiusaatit. Katersat also analyses that noun as this stem + UTE (V_ut_N). Do not mint sungiusare.", "morphology_class.stem_type left unset: citation sungiusarpoq / sungiusarpaa is an r-stem pattern not independently typed here (same caution as iser / uter)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "sungiusar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "practices; trains", "en_short": "practices", "da": "øver sig; træner", "options": { "en": { "practice": "practices", "train": "trains" }, "da": { "øve": "øver sig", "træne": "træner" } }, "da_short": "øver sig", "verb_phrase": "practice; train", "da_verb_phrase": "øver sig; træner", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sungiusarpoq", "natural": "practices; trains (Oqaatsit1997:e15750; Oqaasileriffik:e14824)", "natural_da": "øver sig; træner" }, { "surface": "sungiusarpaa", "natural": "trains him/her; accustoms him/her to something (SchultzLorentzen1926:e16906)", "natural_da": "øver ham; vænner ham til noget" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sungiusarpoq#e15750", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sungiusarpoq#e14824", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sungiusarpaa#e16906", "SchultzLorentzen1926:sungiusarpoq#e16909", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sungiusarpaa#e16906", "SchultzLorentzen1927:sungiusarpoq#e16909", "Katersat:lex_31316", "Katersat:lex_31317", "WordList2018:practice#e2772", "WordList2018:train#e3867" ], "id": "sungiusar", "category": "verbs" } ], "ater": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to go down; to descend", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ater", "notes": [ "Practical citation stem stored by removing indicative 3sg -poq/-voq from the independently cited intransitive headword (AITWG:§14.3). No additional schwa behavior, irregular allomorphs or valency-changing use is inferred from the MOFO inventory." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to go down; to descend", "en_short": "to go down; to descend", "da": "at gå ned; at stige ned", "da_short": "at gå ned; at stige ned", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "går ned; stiger ned" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "aterpoq", "natural": "to go down; to descend" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aterpoq#e2282", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aterpoq#e2240", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "ater", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "ater", "category": "verbs" } ], "iga_cook": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to cook; to prepare food", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iga", "notes": [ "Practical citation stem stored by removing indicative 3sg -poq/-voq from the independently cited intransitive headword (AITWG:§14.3). No additional schwa behavior, irregular allomorphs or valency-changing use is inferred from the MOFO inventory.", "Verb-class homograph distinct from noun iga (cooking pot), already in nouns.yaml. Keep the cooking predicate and the utensil noun separate." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to cook; to prepare food", "en_short": "to cook; to prepare food", "da": "at lave mad", "da_short": "at lave mad", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "laver mad" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "igavoq", "natural": "to cook; to prepare food" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:igavoq#e3526", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:igavoq#e3380", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "iga_cook", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "iga_cook", "category": "verbs" } ], "inuu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be alive; to live; to be born", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "inuu", "notes": [ "Practical citation stem stored by removing indicative 3sg -poq/-voq from the independently cited intransitive headword (AITWG:§14.3). No additional schwa behavior, irregular allomorphs or valency-changing use is inferred from the MOFO inventory." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be alive; to live; to be born", "en_short": "to be alive; to live; to be born", "da": "at leve; at blive født", "da_short": "at leve; at blive født", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "lever; bliver født" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "inuuvoq", "natural": "to be alive; to live; to be born" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:inuuvoq#e4926", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:inuuvoq#e4805", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "inuu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "inuu", "category": "verbs" } ], "major_upstream": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to travel upstream; to go against the current", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "major", "notes": [ "Practical citation stem stored by removing indicative 3sg -poq/-voq from the independently cited intransitive headword (AITWG:§14.3). No additional schwa behavior, irregular allomorphs or valency-changing use is inferred from the MOFO inventory.", "Row-pinned upstream-travel sense only. The weather-change homograph of majorpoq is excluded, and this is not majuar (ascend)." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to travel upstream; to go against the current", "en_short": "to travel upstream; to go against the current", "da": "at bevæge sig mod strømmen", "da_short": "at bevæge sig mod strømmen", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bevæger sig mod strømmen" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "majorpoq", "natural": "to travel upstream; to go against the current" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:majorpoq#e7184", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:majorpoq#e6799", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "major_upstream", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "major_upstream", "category": "verbs" } ], "majuar": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to go up; to climb; to ascend", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "majuar", "notes": [ "Practical citation stem stored by removing indicative 3sg -poq/-voq from the independently cited intransitive headword (AITWG:§14.3). No additional schwa behavior, irregular allomorphs or valency-changing use is inferred from the MOFO inventory." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to go up; to climb; to ascend", "en_short": "to go up; to climb; to ascend", "da": "at gå op; at stige op", "da_short": "at gå op; at stige op", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "går op; stiger op" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "majuarpoq", "natural": "to go up; to climb; to ascend" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:majuarpoq#e7190", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:majuarpoq#e6804", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "majuar", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "majuar", "category": "verbs" } ], "pui": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to surface; to emerge from the water", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pui", "notes": [ "Practical citation stem stored by removing indicative 3sg -poq/-voq from the independently cited intransitive headword (AITWG:§14.3). No additional schwa behavior, irregular allomorphs or valency-changing use is inferred from the MOFO inventory." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to surface; to emerge from the water", "en_short": "to surface; to emerge from the water", "da": "at dukke op af vandet", "da_short": "at dukke op af vandet", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "dukker op af vandet" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "puivoq", "natural": "to surface; to emerge from the water" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:puivoq#e11810", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:puivoq#e11087", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "pui", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "pui", "category": "verbs" } ], "pujor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to produce smoke; to be smoky; to be foggy", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pujor", "notes": [ "Practical citation stem stored by removing indicative 3sg -poq/-voq from the independently cited intransitive headword (AITWG:§14.3). No additional schwa behavior, irregular allomorphs or valency-changing use is inferred from the MOFO inventory." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to produce smoke; to be smoky; to be foggy", "en_short": "to produce smoke; to be smoky; to be foggy", "da": "at ryge; at ose; at være tåget", "da_short": "at ryge; at ose; at være tåget", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "ryger; oser; er tåget" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pujorpoq", "natural": "to produce smoke; to be smoky; to be foggy" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pujorpoq#e11835", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pujorpoq#e11110", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "pujor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "pujor", "category": "verbs" } ], "sisu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to slide downward; to glide downhill", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sisu", "notes": [ "Practical citation stem stored by removing indicative 3sg -poq/-voq from the independently cited intransitive headword (AITWG:§14.3). No additional schwa behavior, irregular allomorphs or valency-changing use is inferred from the MOFO inventory." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to slide downward; to glide downhill", "en_short": "to slide downward; to glide downhill", "da": "at glide nedad", "da_short": "at glide nedad", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "glider nedad" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sisuvoq", "natural": "to slide downward; to glide downhill" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sisuvoq#e15226", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sisuvoq#e14305", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "sisu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "sisu", "category": "verbs" } ], "ingip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to sit down; to take a seat", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ingip", "notes": [ "The dictionary explicitly classifies the cited headword as intransitive. The stored form is the practical stem before the attested indicative citation ending, rather than a claim about an invariant phonemic root. No unverified final-consonant alternation or schwa rule is added." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to sit down; to take a seat", "en_short": "to sit down; to take a seat", "da": "at sætte sig ned", "da_short": "at sætte sig ned", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "sætter sig ned" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ingippoq", "natural": "to sit down; to take a seat" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ingippoq#e4634", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ingippoq#e4517", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "ingip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "ingip", "category": "verbs" } ], "iki_fire": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be on fire", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iki", "notes": [ "The dictionary explicitly classifies the cited headword as intransitive. The stored form is the practical stem before the attested indicative citation ending, rather than a claim about an invariant phonemic root. No unverified final-consonant alternation or schwa rule is added.", "The fire sense is isolated from the boarding homograph and from existing iki (be few). The English dictionary restricts its gloss to a vegetated place; no general ignition causative is inferred." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be on fire", "da": "at være antændt", "en_short": "to be on fire", "da_short": "at være antændt", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "er antændt" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikivoq", "natural": "to be on fire" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ikivoq#e3707", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikivoq#e3569", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "iki_fire", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "iki_fire", "category": "verbs" } ], "iki_board": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to board; to get into a vehicle", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "iki", "notes": [ "The dictionary explicitly classifies the cited headword as intransitive. The stored form is the practical stem before the attested indicative citation ending, rather than a claim about an invariant phonemic root. No unverified final-consonant alternation or schwa rule is added.", "The boarding sense is isolated from the fire homograph and from existing iki (be few). Dictionary gloss includes boarding a vehicle or other transport; no allative host paradigm is inferred.", "Exact plural ikipput boarding rows corroborate the separately cited singular ikivoq boarding sense. They do not establish an inherently plural restriction; that quantity constraint belongs to the distinct iki be-few entry." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to board; to get into a vehicle", "en_short": "to board; to get into a vehicle", "da": "at gå om bord", "da_short": "at gå om bord", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "går om bord" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ikivoq", "natural": "to board; to get into a vehicle" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ikivoq#e3706", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikivoq#e3570", "AITWG:§14.3", "Oqaatsit1997:ikipput#e3686", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ikipput#e3548" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "iki_board", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "iki_board", "category": "verbs" } ], "sana": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to build something; to make something", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sana", "notes": [ "The dictionary explicitly classifies the cited headword as intransitive. The stored form is the practical stem before the attested indicative citation ending, rather than a claim about an invariant phonemic root. No unverified final-consonant alternation or schwa rule is added.", "This entry models the independently attested intransitive sanavoq only. The separate transitive citation sanavaa is not used to infer unrestricted valency alternation." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to build something; to make something", "en_short": "to build something; to make something", "da": "at bygge noget; at lave noget", "da_short": "at bygge noget; at lave noget", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "bygger noget; laver noget" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "sanavoq", "natural": "to build something; to make something" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:sanavoq#e14225", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sanavoq#e13328", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "sana", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "sana", "category": "verbs" } ], "ilisima": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to know it; to understand it", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilisima", "notes": [ "The dictionary explicitly classifies the cited headword as transitive. The stored form is the practical stem before the attested indicative citation ending, rather than a claim about an invariant phonemic root. No unverified final-consonant alternation or schwa rule is added.", "Only the transitive knowing/understanding reading is admitted here. Related consciousness and bodily-sensation readings of ilisimavoq require their own semantic review." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to know it; to understand it", "en_short": "to know it; to understand it", "da": "at vide det; at kende det", "da_short": "at vide det; at kende det", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "ved det; kender det" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilisimavaa", "natural": "to know it; to understand it" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilisimavaa#e4015", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilisimavaa#e3897", "AITWG:§14.6", "Nielsen2012:§5.4.4.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "ilisima", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "id": "ilisima", "category": "verbs" } ], "pujoor": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to preserve it by smoking", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pujoor", "notes": [ "The dictionary explicitly classifies the cited headword as transitive. The stored form is the practical stem before the attested indicative citation ending, rather than a claim about an invariant phonemic root. No unverified final-consonant alternation or schwa rule is added.", "The selected transitive sense concerns preserving something by smoke. It is distinct from pujor (smoke/fog) and the tobacco-smoking predicate pujortarpoq." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to preserve it by smoking", "da": "at røge den", "en_short": "to preserve it by smoking", "da_short": "at røge den", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "røger den" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "pujoorpaa", "natural": "to preserve it by smoking" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:pujoorpaa#e11820", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pujoorpaa#e11096", "AITWG:§14.6" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "pujoor", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "id": "pujoor", "category": "verbs" } ], "naapip": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to meet someone; to encounter someone", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "naapip", "notes": [ "The dictionary explicitly classifies the cited headword as transitive. The stored form is the practical stem before the attested indicative citation ending, rather than a claim about an invariant phonemic root. No unverified final-consonant alternation or schwa rule is added.", "Nielsen independently attests naapippaa / naapipput, the latter with reciprocal plural interpretation. The practical pre-paa stem naapip is retained without importing the reconstructed naipet form or assuming every intransitive use means meet someone." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to meet {{Actor}}; to encounter {{Actor}}", "en_short": "to meet {{Actor}}; to encounter {{Actor}}", "da": "at møde nogen", "da_short": "at møde nogen", "source": "hand", "da_verb_phrase": "møder nogen" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "naapippaa", "natural": "to meet someone; to encounter someone" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:naapippaa#e8181", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:naapippaa#e7738", "AITWG:§14.6", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.2" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "naapip", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "id": "naapip", "category": "verbs" } ], "ata_connected": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be connected to something; to belong to or remain attached to something", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ata", "notes": [ "Exact modern intransitive rows select the connected/belongs-to reading, distinct from ata exists/subsists and free caution particle ata_caution. Practical citation stem obtained from attested atavoq using the indicative ending described in AITWG section 14.3; no invariant phonemic root, stem class, schwa behavior, reconstructed history or productive relation is inferred. Historical connected-to context takes -mut, but no universal complement or all-purpose spatial attachment rule is asserted." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is connected to something; remains attached to something", "en_short": "to be connected to something", "source": "hand" }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ata_connected", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "atavoq", "natural": "is connected to something" }, { "surface": "nunavimmut atavoq", "natural": "is connected to the mainland (modern Danish landfast context; English e2227 lists the same phrase)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atavoq#e2268", "Oqaatsit1997:atavoq#e2270", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atavoq#e2227", "Kleinschmidt1871:atavoq#e1275", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "id": "ata_connected", "category": "verbs" } ], "igi_ooze": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to ooze (of a wound)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "igi", "notes": [ "Practical citation stem before the attested intransitive indicative ending (AITWG:§14.3). No unverified final-consonant or schwa alternation is assigned.", "Sense-specific modern wound rows are separate from the existing igi melting entry. Historical dictionaries group liquid release, melting and wound discharge together; separate modern rows do not prove historical unrelatedness." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "oozes (of a wound)", "da": "væsker (om et sår)", "en_short": "oozes (of a wound)", "da_short": "væsker (om et sår)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "igivoq", "natural": "oozes (of a wound)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:igivoq#e3554", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:igivoq#e3409", "Kleinschmidt1871:igivoq#e1828", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "igi_ooze", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "igi_ooze", "category": "verbs" } ], "ilip_food": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be burnt (of food)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilip", "notes": [ "Food-burning sense separate from historical learning ilit. Practical citation stem only; no unverified final-consonant alternation or general burning rule.", "The practical stem precedes the attested indicative citation ending (AITWG:§14.3); it is not a claim about an invariant phonemic root." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be burnt (of food)", "da": "er sveden (om mad)", "en_short": "to be burnt (of food)", "da_short": "er sveden (om mad)", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilippoq", "natural": "to be burnt (of food)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilippoq#e3976", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilippoq#e3856", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "ilip_food", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "ilip_food", "category": "verbs" } ], "ilitsori_regain": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to regain consciousness", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilitsori", "notes": [ "Regaining consciousness is separate from the child-development/remembering sense ilitsore. Practical modern citation stem only; no schwa allomorph map or medical inference is asserted.", "The practical stem precedes the attested indicative citation ending (AITWG:§14.3); it is not a claim about an invariant phonemic root." ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to regain consciousness", "da": "kommer til bevidsthed", "en_short": "to regain consciousness", "da_short": "kommer til bevidsthed", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "ilitsorivoq", "natural": "to regain consciousness" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:ilitsorivoq#e4040", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilitsorivoq#e3924", "AITWG:§14.3" ], "semantic_frame": { "id": "ilitsori_regain", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "id": "ilitsori_regain", "category": "verbs" } ], "tuni": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to give (something) to someone", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tuni", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {tunə}V. MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Reflexive (BP)' (Agent- and Patient-Preserving): in the intransitive form without an HTR-affix, the subject reads as both Agent and Patient (reflexive if singular, reciprocal if plural). This repo's schema has no diathesis field (docs/reference/linguistics/mofo-schema-mapping.md row 13 marks it explicitly out of scope), so this is recorded as a free-text note only.", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset: MOFO's own facet for this stem is 'ə-stem' (this schema's schwa_final_stem value), but nobody has independently confirmed AITWG:§6.4 ('Nominal stem-types') actually grounds schwa_final_stem for a VERBAL stem specifically, as opposed to the schema merely reusing the same enum string across word classes. The angut/verbal_schwa_buffering precedent in nouns.yaml is a direct on-the-record warning about exactly this kind of cross-word-class citation trap. Deferred to a follow-up rather than asserted here." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "tuni", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to give (something) to {{Actor}}", "da": "at give (noget) til nogen", "da_short": "at give til nogen", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "give (something) to {{Actor}}", "da_verb_phrase": "giver (noget) til nogen" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "trivalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch): Nielsen §6.5.2.1.3 ('tre aktanter', three actants) gives 'angutip arnaq neqimik tunivaa' ('the man gave the woman meat'), structurally identical to this entry's own trivalent example (atuakkamik tunivaa, secondary object in the instrumentalis) -- same three-actant construction, same case marking on the defocused secondary object. §5.3.2.6.5 independently attests the base gloss via a derived-affix example ('tunivaa, han giver ham noget', 'he gives him something'). Bjørnum (K9§2) separately lists 'tunivaa' under its own antipassive/halvtransitiv-affix discussion, glossing it primarily 'sælger den' ('sells it') rather than 'gives' -- both sources treat 'give' and 'sell' as the same verb's context-dependent readings, consistent with this entry's own gloss and its note about the added -niar- affix for the standalone 'sell' sense, not a contradiction.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tunivaa", "natural": "He gives it to him." }, { "surface": "atuakkamik tunivaa", "natural": "He gave him a book. (atuagaq, 'book', is the optional secondary object, in the instrumental case; it is defocused/indefinite, hence 'a book')" }, { "surface": "atuakkamik tunivakkit", "natural": "I give thee a book." }, { "surface": "tunisivoq", "natural": "He gives (things) away. (antipassive/intransitive citation form; MOFO separately notes the 'to sell' sense usually needs the added affix -niar-, not asserted as a standalone meaning of this form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:tunə", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.2.1.3", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.5", "Bjornum2012:K9§2 (pp.220–221)" ], "id": "tuni", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "tunniut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to give (something) to someone (with focus on the giver and the given thing rather than the recipient)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tunniut", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {tunnəjut(ə)}V, historically a combination of {tunə}V (this repo's tuni entry) plus an affix V{-(cc)ut(ə)}V not otherwise modeled in this repo -- MOFO records it as its own lexicalised dictionary entry with its own citation forms, not merely a live derivation, so it is entered here as a stem in its own right.", "Practical-orthography bare stem 'tunniut' is not given directly on the MOFO page (which lists only the two citation-inflected forms 'tunniuppaa'/'tunniussivoq'); derived here via the same ordinary Kalaallisut /t/+/p/->[pp] and /t/+/s/->[ss] consonant assimilation this repo's other verbal_schwa_buffering/assibilation entries already illustrate -- both attested forms reduce cleanly to 'tunniut' + suffix, cross-checked both ways, so this is a controlled inference, not a guess.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Reflexive (BP)', same as tuni (see tuni's note for what that means) -- and separately notes that if used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme, the meaning becomes reflexive ('Agent gives himself to something'), per Kleinschmidt [SK71]." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "tunniut", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to give (something) to {{Actor}} (with focus on the giver and thing given)", "da": "at give (noget) til nogen (med fokus på giveren og det der gives, ikke modtageren)", "da_verb_phrase": "at give (noget) til nogen (med fokus på giveren og det der gives, ikke modtageren)", "verb_phrase": "give (something) to {{Actor}} (with focus on the giver and the given thing rather than the recipient)", "da_short": "at give til nogen", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "trivalent", "valency_effect": "increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch): Nielsen §5.3.2.3.1 attests 'tunniuppaa, han gav den væk' ('he gave it away'), matching this entry's own gloss/citation form directly. Bjørnum's own -uppaa affix entry (K9§6, s.v. -uppaa) -- which Bjørnum himself analyzes as historically built on an underlying -ut(i)- stem -- lists 'tunniuppaa: giver det til nogen (tunivaa: giver ham noget; sælger det)' among its lexicalised examples: independent structural confirmation that tunniut IS a historical tuni + -ut(i)- combination, matching this entry's own note that MOFO analyzes tunniut as tuni + V{-(cc)ut(ə)}V, 'an affix not otherwise modeled in this repo' -- Bjørnum's -uppaa entry is effectively an independent attestation of that very affix, under its own citation form.", "examples": [ { "surface": "tunniuppaa", "natural": "He gives it to him." }, { "surface": "Piitamut tunniuppaa", "natural": "He gives it to Peter. (Piitamut = 'to Peter', allative case; the recipient is the optional, defocused Object here -- contrast tuni's atuakkamik tunivaa, where the given THING is defocused instead)" }, { "surface": "atuagaq Piitamut tunniuppara", "natural": "I gave the book to Peter." }, { "surface": "tunniussivoq", "natural": "He gives (things) away. (antipassive/intransitive citation form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:tunnəjut(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.1", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. -uppaa (tunniuppaa) (pp.228–274)" ], "id": "tunniut", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "atsigaaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be as big as (something); to be the same size as", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atsigi", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "schwa_vowel_fusion", "notes": [ "Modern English e2324 explicitly describes gesturing/showing the size while saying atsigaaq; Danish e2373 gives ima atsigaaq as-as-big/so-big context. This lexical/deictic context does not replace separately grammatical equative/comparison evidence or independently approve the reconstructed atsigi stem and contraction rule.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aŋtəgə}V, a lexicalised combination of {aŋə}V ('is big') and V{təgə}V, with elision of /ə/ (MOFO's 'ə-contraction' facet) -- historically composite, but MOFO records it as its own lexicalised dictionary entry with its own citation form, not merely a live derivation.", "underlying_form 'atsigi' is the pre-contraction bare stem, not the citation form 'atsigaaq' -- using the already-contracted citation form here would make the schwa_vowel_fusion tag vacuous, since there would be no schwa left in it to contract. Derived phoneme-by-phoneme from {aŋtəgə}V against the attested surface pair a-ŋt-ə-g-ə -> a-ts-i-g-aaq: /ŋt/->'ts' is a direct, attested cluster correspondence (visible by comparing the phonemic and surface forms directly, not guessed); medial /ə/->'i' and the same word-final /ə/->'i' pattern already used to derive tuni from {tunə}V; the final /ə/ itself is what schwa_vowel_fusion fuses with the following ending's vowel to produce the attested '-aaq'.", "Used together with qanoq, ima, or the equative case to specify the object of comparison, as with any other construction using V{təgə}V (comparative 'as ADJ as').", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset: MOFO's own facet for this stem is 'ə-stem' (this schema's schwa_final_stem value) -- same open question already flagged on this repo's tuni entry (AITWG:§6.4's grounding for schwa_final_stem is titled 'Nominal stem-types'; whether it independently extends to a VERBAL schwa-stem specifically has not been confirmed). Deferred here for consistency rather than asserted.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Subjective' (not modeled -- this schema has no diathesis field, see tuni's note for the out-of-scope reference)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "atsigaaq", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be as big as (something); to be the same size as", "en_short": "to be as big as (something)", "da": "at være lige så stor som (noget); at have samme størrelse som", "da_short": "at være lige så stor som", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "be as big as (something); be the same size as", "da_verb_phrase": "er lige så stor som (noget); har samme størrelse som" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent", "valency_effect": "preserving" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#97](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/97), P9): both Bjørnum (K9§6 s.v. +tigaaq) and Nielsen (§5.3.3.7 s.v. +tigə-) independently derive the same angitigaaq→atsigaaq contraction from {aŋə}V 'is big' + V{təgə}V, each with an example sentence ('inuttut atsigivoq (atsigaaq)'/'inuttut angitigaaq (kan trækkes sammen til atsigaaq)', 'den er så stor som et menneske') nearly identical to this entry's own pedagogy — structural, not just lexical, corroboration.", "examples": [ { "surface": "atsigaaq", "natural": "It/he/she is as big as (something). (citation form; the standard of comparison is given via qanoq, ima, or the equative case)" }, { "surface": "tuttutut atsigaaq", "natural": "It is as big as a caribou. (tuttutut = 'like a caribou', equative case of tuttu, 'caribou')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atsigaaq#e2373", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atsigaaq#e2324", "MOFO:aŋtəgə", "Bjornum2012:K9§6 s.v. +tigaaq (pp.228–274)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7" ], "id": "atsigaaq", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "ujaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to search for (something lost or misplaced)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ujaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {ujaq}V -- no schwa or other alternation to transliterate, unlike tuni/tunniut/atsigaaq.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Reflexive (BP)', same as tuni/tunniut (see tuni's note for what that means) -- not modeled, this schema has no diathesis field.", "MOFO documents unusually rich, disputed HTR-form (antipassive) variation for this stem across sources (ujarlerpoq vs. ujaasivoq, with differing accounts of the latter's etymology) -- not modeled here since this repo doesn't yet model HTR-morphemes; recorded as a possible future entry point for that category.", "Issue [#141](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/141) item 2 investigated adding a morphology_class.htr_morpheme_selection field (which of {nnek}/{di} a divalent stem takes, per Definition 9.3, docs/aitwg2ed/ch09-focus.md ~line 175, cited AITWG:sec9.2) grounded on this entry -- and this entry is exactly why that investigation concluded the evidence is not yet clean enough for a confident enum, not merely thin. Definition 9.3's own rule-of-thumb is stem-final-phoneme-keyed (re/ge-final and 'many (but not all)' vowel stems -> {nnek}; 'all' ut(e)-stems and 'most' t-stems -> {di}; 'most' k-stems -> {ci}; 'most' q-stems -> {-i}, with an eq/vvq sub-exception weakening q->r) -- every bullet but one carries a hedge, and the one unhedged bullet ('all ut(e)-stems') has zero corroborating stem in this repo's corpus either way. Worse, AITWG's own footnote 6 to Definition 9.3 names THIS stem by name as one of only two 'prominent examples' of a stem that does not reliably follow the rule at all: this entry's attested modern HTR-form is {ujaaci}V (ujaasivoq, i.e. {ci}, not the rule-predicted {-i} for 'most q-stems'), while an older alternative {ujarliq}V (ujarlerpoq) also remains in use -- built on a THIRD, non-productive morpheme family {(l)liq} that Definition 9.3 does not even count among the 'really only two' productive HTR-morphemes it claims exist. Any enum honest about this stem would need an irregular/lexicalized escape-hatch value, not just {nnek}/{di}/{ci}/{-i}. Candidate-count check: only one other divalent stem in the whole corpus carries a stem_type (toqut, alveolar_final_stem/t-stem, this same file), and it DOES follow the rule cleanly (t-stem -> {di}, confirmed by its own /td/->[ts] toqutsivoq note) -- so the full real-data base for this field would be exactly 2 stems, split one-confirms/one-contradicts. verbs.yaml's own 5 stems carry no morphology_class data at all (see this file's own header comment), so they add no further stem_type-classified candidates. stem_type-lookup angle (also investigated): AITWG's q-final/k-final/t-final conditioning classes DO map cleanly onto this schema's existing verb-specific uvular_final_stem/velar_final_stem/alveolar_final_stem trio (AITWG:sec6.10), but the re/ge-final class has no stem_type value at all (verb or noun), and the ut(e)-final/vowel-final classes' closest analogues (alveolar_schwa_stem/vowel_final_stem) are themselves flagged elsewhere in this file (see tuni's and atsigaaq's own notes) as unconfirmed for VERBAL stems specifically -- so a derive-from-stem_type shortcut is only partially populated today, not a ready substitute. What would make this tractable later: (1) at least a handful more divalent stems entered with a confirmed stem_type, spanning multiple conditioning classes, so the rule-of-thumb can be checked against real data rather than 2 points; (2) a stem_type (or equivalent) value for the re/ge-final class, backed by a real re/ge-final divalent stem; (3) independent (Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012) corroboration of the ut(e)-stem 'all' claim, since AITWG's own hedge-free bullet is currently unverified against a second source; (4) a decision on how to encode the {(l)liq}-type lexicalized exceptions (a dedicated enum value vs. a free-text override) rather than silently excluding stems like this one. Not implemented -- see the PR for issue [#141](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/141) item 2 for the full writeup; grammar_schema.json intentionally left untouched by that PR." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ujaq", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to search for (something lost or misplaced)", "da": "at lede efter (noget der er tabt eller væk)", "da_short": "at lede efter", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "search for (something lost or misplaced)", "da_verb_phrase": "leder efter (noget der er tabt eller væk)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch): both Nielsen (§5.3.2.6.3) and Bjørnum (K3§6, its own Halvtransitive affikser chapter) give the identical transitive/antipassive pair ujarpaa/ujarlerpoq already used in this entry's own pedagogy (see the nittartakkami ujarlerit example below). Bjørnum's own table lists it as the illustrative example of the third of its four halvtransitive-affix patterns (+llerpoq/+lerpoq), directly corroborating the 'older antipassive HTR-form ujarler-' this entry's notes describe.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ujarpaa", "natural": "He searches for it/him." }, { "surface": "Poliit angut ujarpaat", "natural": "The police are looking for the (missing) man. (MOFO's own page spells 'police' 'Poliit'. Preserve that source spelling as an attested MOFO example; it is distinct from the independently dictionary-attested lexical plural politiit (Oqaasileriffik 2018 Kal-Eng, entry e10948; Oqaatsit 1997 Kal-Dan, entry e11671) and the grammar's loanword entry politeeq 'police officer', politiit (pl.) 'police officers; police' (Bjørnum, 1. Lyd og skrift, p. 246). These sources establish politiit as a valid lexical form, but do not authorize normalizing MOFO's separately attested Poliit spelling in this example.)" }, { "surface": "nittartakkami ujarlerit", "natural": "Search (on) the web site! (imperative, using the older antipassive HTR-form ujarler-; nittartakkami = 'on the web site', locative case)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ujaq", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§6 (pp.67–68)" ], "id": "ujaq", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "toqut": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to kill (someone/something)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "toqut", "right_sandhi": "consonant_cluster_assimilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "AITWG §16.3 independently identifies tuqut as a patient-preserving transitive base and explicitly gives toquppoq as he kills himself, with intransitive ending. Imminut may emphasize this reflexive reading for any person. This is a source-explicit reflexive construction, not the distinct lexical toqu, dies, or an unrestricted claim that every transitive verb has this behavior.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {tuqut}V -- no schwa or other alternation to transliterate, unlike tuni/tunniut/atsigaaq. Historically a combination of {tuqu}V ('is dead') and the non-productive causative morpheme V{-t}V, but MOFO records it as its own lexicalised dictionary entry with its own citation forms, same treatment as this repo's tunniut entry.", "right_sandhi:consonant_cluster_assimilation (oq#380 Bucket 1/2b): AITWG:§3.9's own Definition 3.9 ('all consonant clusters c1c2 are regressively assimilated to c2c2') governs this stem's own consonant-initial mood endings -- toqut + -paa -> toquppaa (this entry's own cited surface below), the stem-final /t/ assimilating fully to the ending's own initial /p/. Kept a separate note from the /tð/->[ts] antipassive fact above (a distinct, narrower process tied specifically to V_si_Vb's own affix-initial /s/, already modeled on that affix's own entry).", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Reflexive (BP)', same as tuni/tunniut/tuni-family entries -- if used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme, the meaning becomes reflexive: 'Agent kills himself' (i.e. commits suicide).", "The antipassive/HTR-form toqutsivoq ('he kills (something)') shows the /tð/->[ts] pattern this repo's V_si_Vb entry documents for t-stems specifically -- a direct, real cross-reference between the two entries, not just a shared schema value.", "Issue [#141](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/141) item 2 (investigated, not implemented): this entry is one of only two divalent, stem_type-classified stems in the whole corpus (the other is ujaq, same file), and the one that cleanly FOLLOWS Definition 9.3's t-stem->{di} rule-of-thumb -- see ujaq's own notes for the full investigation writeup (why a morphology_class.htr_morpheme_selection field was not added: ujaq is Definition 9.3's own named exception, and 2 stems is too thin a base regardless)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "toqut", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to kill ({{Subject}})", "da": "at slå (nogen/noget) ihjel", "da_short": "at slå ihjel", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "kill ({{Subject}})", "da_verb_phrase": "slår (nogen/noget) ihjel" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "toquppaa", "natural": "He kills him/it." }, { "surface": "nannup toquppaa", "natural": "The polar bear killed him. (nannup = 'polar bear's', ergative)" }, { "surface": "imminut toquppoq", "natural": "He killed himself. / He committed suicide. (imminut = reflexive pronoun, 'himself', emphasising the reflexive antipassive reading)" }, { "surface": "toqutsivoq", "natural": "He kills (something). (antipassive/intransitive citation form; illustrates the /tð/->[ts] t-stem pattern, see notes)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§16.3", "MOFO:tuqut" ], "id": "toqut", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "sinik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to sleep", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "sinik", "right_sandhi": "consonant_cluster_assimilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {sinək}V -- medial /ə/ realized as 'i' in the practical orthography, the same medial schwa->i pattern this repo's own atsigaaq entry already documents (from {aŋtəgə}V), not the word-final case tuni illustrates.", "right_sandhi:consonant_cluster_assimilation (oq#380 Bucket 1/2b, promoted from prose): the citation form 'sinippoq' (not *sinikpoq) shows AITWG:§3.9's own Definition 3.9 ('all consonant clusters c1c2 are regressively assimilated to c2c2') -- Nielsen2012:§2.5.4 independently gives the identical derivation, 'sinik{+vu-}{+q} -> sinippoq', an unremarkable, general phonological fact about this stem's own final consonant before /p/. MOFO's own facet for this stem is plainly 'Right sandhi: Default/none' (i.e. it does not single this out as ITS OWN idiosyncratic rule) -- consistent with modeling it here via the GENERAL Definition 3.9 value rather than a stem-specific one.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Subjective' (not modeled -- this schema has no diathesis field, see tuni's note for the out-of-scope reference).", "oq#380 follow-up round: kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml used to carry a SECOND, conflicting hand-entered stem for this same verb, id 'sini' (vowel-final, no morphology_class, citing gold surface 'sinivoq') -- the same class of hand-entry error already caught elsewhere in this repo (iglu->illu, sivulliq->siulliq): 'sinivoq' contradicts the extensive, independent, repeated Nielsen2012 citation of 'sinippoq' as this verb's canonical form (dozens of occurrences across the transcript, e.g. §2.5.4, §5.3.2, §5.3.3) and Bjørnum's own citation of 'sinippoq' by name (K1§2, K3§2). The wrong 'sini' entry is now removed; every worked-example chain that referenced it now references this entry instead." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "sinik", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to sleep", "da": "at sove", "da_short": "at sove", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "sleep", "da_verb_phrase": "sover" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (issue [#98](https://github.com/jandahl/jandahl-custom-KAL-grammarian/issues/98), rest-of-batch), and unusually directly: Nielsen §2.5.4 ('Når stemte frikativer fordobles, bliver de ustemte') gives the derivation 'sinik{+vu-}{+q} -> sinippoq (jf. §2.5.1) -> sinippoq, han sover' -- literally deriving the surface form from the underlying stem 'sinik' plus the indicative ending, the same /kp/->[pp] assimilation this entry's own notes describe, using this entry's own underlying_form directly. sinippoq is also one of the single most-repeated example verbs in both grammars (dozens of independent occurrences each, used as the canonical intransitive-verb illustration throughout); Bjørnum's own consonant-cluster chapter (K1§2) cites 'sinippoq' by name as its own example of pp assimilation, and its mood-paradigm introduction (K3§2) uses it as the worked indicative example. Note: Nielsen §7.1 separately lists an unrelated NOUN 'sinik, søvn' ('sleep'), with its own irregular possessive sinna/sinnga -- not to be confused with this entry's VERB stem, though clearly the historically related root.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sinippoq", "natural": "He sleeps." }, { "surface": "itisuumik sinippoq", "natural": "He sleeps deeply; he is deep asleep." }, { "surface": "saattumik sinippoq", "natural": "He sleeps lightly." } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:sinək", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.4", "Bjornum2012:K1§2 (pp.17–20)", "Bjornum2012:K3§2 (p.36)" ], "id": "sinik", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "annit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to take/bring (something) out (with oneself); Agent takes Patient outside", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "annit", "right_sandhi": "verbal_schwa_buffering", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {annət(ə)}V, a lexicalised combination of {anə}V ('goes out'; this batch's own ani entry) + the non-productive affix V{'-t(ə)}V, which geminates /n/. Practical bare stem 'annit': medial /ə/ -> 'i' (same pattern as atsigaaq/sinik); citation forms annippaa/annissivoq reduce cleanly to 'annit' + suffix via the same /t/+/p/->[pp] and /t/+/s/->[ss] assimilation already documented on this file's own tunniut entry.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Reflexive (BP)', same pattern as tuni/tunniut (see tuni's own note for what that means).", "Independently corroborated by Nielsen2012 (§5.3.2.6.1), which lists 'anivoq, han går ud; annippaa, han tager det med ud' as its own worked example of the ergativising +si-4/-utə- affix -- a single bullet-list example, the same corroboration strength as this file's own tuni/tunniut/atsigaaq entries. Kept tail (MOFO:-primary) for consistency with that established precedent rather than promoted to core, even though it arguably meets the letter of the 'not just an incidental example' bar; flagged for owner judgement given the precedent tension." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "annit", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to take (something) outside with oneself; to bring (something) outside with oneself", "en_short": "to take/bring (something) out (with oneself)", "da": "at tage (noget) med udenfor; at bringe (noget) med udenfor", "da_verb_phrase": "at tage (noget) med udenfor; at bringe (noget) med udenfor", "verb_phrase": "take (something) out (with oneself); bring (something) out (with oneself); take {{Agent}} outside", "da_short": "at tage med udenfor; at bringe med udenfor", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "patient_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "annippaa", "natural": "He takes/brings it out (with him). (MOFO's own citation form; Nielsen2012 §5.3.2.6.1 independently attests the same form with the same gloss)" }, { "surface": "annissivoq", "natural": "He takes (things) out. (antipassive/intransitive citation form)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:annət(ə)", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.1", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:annippaa", "Oqaatsit1997:annippaa", "Kleinschmidt1871:annippaa" ], "id": "annit", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "atoq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to use (something); to borrow (something); to have intercourse with (someone)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "atoq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Exact modern rows independently attest transitive uses/borrows/has-intercourse and the source-listed naammagalugu atorpaa learns-to-live-with/resignation phrase. MOFO distinguishes patientive intransitive use/sexual readings from agentive intransitive borrowing: the book-in-use example is patientive, not antipassive. Modern atorpoq e2348/e2300 includes takes-on-debt/borrows/rents; do not turn those lexical contexts into one universal participant role. The separate valid/current reading e2347/e2298 remains unmodeled pending its lexical/diathesis relation. Bare-root and phonological claims stay separately source-bound.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {atuq}V; practical orthography lowers stem-final /u/ to [o] adjacent to /q/, directly attested by the surface forms atorpaa/atorpoq (a-t-o-r-, with q->r before the ending) -- the same u->o pattern as this file's toqut entry and this batch's ajoq entry.", "MOFO records three related senses under one stem ('uses', 'borrows', 'has intercourse with'), each with its own diathesis when used intransitively (see MOFO's own 'Form and usage' text) -- not modeled as separate schema fields, only as separate pedagogy examples.", "No dedicated/definitional independent citation found (only incidental bullet-list example uses in Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 illustrating OTHER affixes, e.g. 'atorpaa, han bruger den; atoqqusaanngilaq, den må ikke bruges') -- distinguished from this batch's aŋlak/naalak/nalu/aŋə/anə/ajoq entries, whose corroboration is textbook-definitional. Not to be confused with the unrelated existing atuarpoq entry (kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs.yaml, 'to read/study', root atuar-) or this batch's atuvaq collision, both a different root." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "atoq", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to use (something); to borrow (something); to have sex with ({{Actor}})", "en_short": "to use; to borrow", "da": "at bruge (noget); at låne (noget); at have samleje med (nogen)", "da_verb_phrase": "at bruge (noget); at låne (noget); at have samleje med (nogen)", "verb_phrase": "use (something); borrow (something); have intercourse with ({{Actor}})", "da_short": "at bruge", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qarasaasiaq atorpaa", "natural": "He used the computer. (MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "atuagaq atorpoq", "natural": "The book is in use / has been borrowed. (MOFO's own example, patientive intransitive citation form)" }, { "surface": "atuagaq atorlara", "natural": "Let me borrow the book. (MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "naammagalugu atorpaa", "natural": "learns to live with it; comes to grips with it; is resigned to it (the exact modern phrase, not the meaning of every bare use of atoq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:atorpaa#e2342", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atorpaa#e2294", "Oqaatsit1997:atorpaa#e2344", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atorpaa#e2296", "Oqaatsit1997:atorpaa#e2343", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atorpaa#e2297", "Oqaatsit1997:atorpaa#e2345", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atorpaa#e2295", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atorpoq#e2299", "Oqaatsit1997:atorpoq#e2346", "Oqaatsit1997:atorpoq#e2348", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:atorpoq#e2300", "MOFO:atuq", "Kleinschmidt1871:atorpoq#e1320" ], "id": "atoq", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "isumaqaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to think; to believe; to be of the opinion (that...); to mean (something)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isumaqaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {isumaqaq}V, a lexicalised combination of {isuma}N ('thought'; already an existing entry in this repo, kalaallisut_data/stems/nouns.yaml) + N{-qaq}V ('to have'; this repo's own N_qaq_Vb entry, kalaallisut_data/affixes/denominal_verbs.yaml) -- literally 'has thought (that...)'. No schwa/vowel-lowering alternation: the bracket form is usable as the practical bare stem directly.", "No independent Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012/AITWG-Affixes source found after a real search -- the precheck's own automated grep returned zero corpus hits for this stem, and none were found by additional manual searching either. Genuinely tail per CLAUDE.md's 'no independent source found' branch, unlike the annət(ə)/atoq entries in this same batch which at least have a borderline incidental citation." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "isumaqaq", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to think; to believe; to be of the opinion (that...); to mean (something)", "en_short": "to think; to believe; to be of the opinion", "da": "at tro; at mene; at være af den opfattelse (at ...); at betyde (noget)", "da_verb_phrase": "at tro; at mene; at være af den opfattelse (at ...); at betyde (noget)", "verb_phrase": "think; believe; be of the opinion (that...); mean (something)", "da_short": "at tro", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "isumaqarpunga aggersoqassanngitsoq", "natural": "I think nobody will come. (MOFO cites Kleinschmidt 1871 [SK71])" }, { "surface": "qanoq isumaqarpit?", "natural": "What do you mean? (MOFO cites Schultz-Lorentzen 1958 [CWSL58])" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:isumaqaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isumaqarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:isumaqarpoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:isumaqarpoq" ], "id": "isumaqaq", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "niuer": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to trade (with someone); to do business (with)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "niuer", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {niuvəq}V (a q-stem with a medial, non-final /ə/) -- unrelated to niu- ('he takes it out of something') despite Schultz-Lorentzen's suggested derivation: the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10] traces niu- to {niɣu-} and this stem to {niʀuvəʀ-}, different roots (per MOFO's own form_and_usage prose).", "Practical bare stem 'niuer' is not given directly by MOFO as a standalone citation form (only the consonant-suffixed niuerpaa/niuerpoq are shown); derived here from the two attested surface forms, which share this substring before their own endings, and independently corroborated by this repo's own already-existing niuertoq/niuertoruseq noun entries (nouns_mofo_derived.yaml, MOFO:niuvəqðuq / MOFO:niuvəqðurusiq), both built on this same stem and both also surfacing 'niuer-' before their own consonant-initial suffixes -- a real, attested correspondence, not a guess. The phonemic /v/ and /q/ never surface as such in any attested form (the /q/ always weakens to /r/ before a following consonant); no vowel-initial-ending example was found to confirm a fuller citation form.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Agentive (NPP)': used intransitively, the meaning becomes 'Agent trades' (no separate HTR-morpheme needed)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "niuer", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to trade (with {{Actor}}); to do business (with)", "en_short": "to trade (with {{Actor}})", "da": "at handle (med nogen); at drive forretning (med)", "da_short": "at handle", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "trade (with {{Actor}}); do business (with)", "da_verb_phrase": "handler (med nogen); driver forretning (med)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A real search found no independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration. The only near-hit is Nielsen2012 §6.5's own 'niuvaa'/'niuvoq' ('han flytter den'/'han går i land', roughly 'moves it'/'goes ashore') -- a different, unrelated verb that happens to share this stem's un-schwa'd spelling niu(v)-, not this lexeme's 'trade' sense; not used as corroboration.", "examples": [ { "surface": "niuerpoq", "natural": "He trades / he does business. (intransitive citation form)" }, { "surface": "niuerpaa", "natural": "He trades with him." } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:niuvəq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:niuerpoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:niuerpoq" ], "id": "niuer", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "qupi": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to split (something, e.g. a piece of wood)", "valency": "transitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_atomic", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:qupi:66d6d8bfcb54", "items": [ { "text": "to split (something, e.g. a piece of wood)", "relation": "atomic", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:qupə", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qupivaa", "Kleinschmidt1871:qupivaa" ], "rationale": "The only comma is inside ‘(something, e.g. a piece of wood)’, which is explicitly an example parenthesis and not a translation boundary. Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts e12946 and Kleinschmidt1871 e4009 attest the single action ‘to split/divide’; retain the complete gloss as one definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "qupi", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {qupə}V; word-final /ə/ realized as 'i' in the practical orthography, the same pattern already established by this repo's own tuni entry ({tunə}V -> tuni). MOFO's own facets (Right sandhi: Default/none, Inflection sandhi: Default/none) confirm this stem does NOT ə-contract, matching tuni's own precedent for an 'ə-stem that behaves as a normal vowel stem'.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Patientive (NAP)' -- Non-Agent-Preserving: used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme, the subject becomes the Patient and the reading is passive ('Patient splits'), the opposite polarity from this file's other Agentive/NPP entries (e.g. niuer, this same batch) and Reflexive/BP entries (tuni, tunniut, etc.) -- the first Patientive/NAP verb-stem example in this repo's corpus.", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset, for the same reason already documented on tuni/atsigaaq: MOFO's own 'ə-stem' facet is not independently confirmed to ground this schema's schwa_final_stem value for a VERBAL stem specifically." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "qupi", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to split (something, e.g. a piece of wood)", "da": "at spalte; at kløve (noget, f.eks. et stykke træ)", "da_verb_phrase": "at spalte; at kløve (noget, f.eks. et stykke træ)", "verb_phrase": "split (something, e.g. a piece of wood)", "da_short": "at spalte; at kløve", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "A real search found no independent AITWG-Affixes/Nielsen2012/Bjornum2012 corroboration of this verb. The only tangential lead -- Bjornum2012's phonology-chapter wordlist entry 'quppaq, en revne; en sprække' ('a crack; a fissure', 1-lyd-og-skrift.md) -- is semantically suggestive but does not itself attest this VERB's own citation form or meaning, so it is noted but not used as corroboration.", "examples": [ { "surface": "qupivaa", "natural": "He splits it. (transitive citation form)" }, { "surface": "qupisivoq", "natural": "He splits (something). (antipassive/HTR intransitive citation form)" }, { "surface": "qupivoq", "natural": "It splits. (bare/patientive intransitive citation form -- subject is the thing split, per this stem's Patientive diathesis)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:qupə", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:qupivaa", "Kleinschmidt1871:qupivaa" ], "id": "qupi", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "ilit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to learn (something); to come to know (something)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilit", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {əlit}V; word-initial schwa realized as 'i' in the practical orthography, matching the same pattern already documented on this file's own tikit entry (this batch).", "MOFO's own non-productive tag is set for this stem, and MOFO's own form_and_usage prose explains why: 'The stem is not recorded in the Oqaatsit dictionary [CBBJRPIKJR97], but it is listed in older dictionaries [SK71], [CWSL58], [JP67], so it is presumably not used productively nowadays.' This is the tiering basis for this entry's tail placement, in addition to the general Oqaasileriffik cross-check gap flagged below.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Reflexive (BP)', same pattern as tuni/tunniut/ilinniartit (this file) -- intransitive without an HTR-morpheme would read reflexive/reciprocal, though no such intransitive example is independently attested for this specific, non-productive stem.", "MOFO's own page also records an HTR-form, {əlit}V + V{ði}V ⇒ /əlitci/ ('ilitsivoq') -- not modeled (this repo does not model HTR-morpheme selection, per issue #141 item 2's ujaq/toqut investigation), noted in prose only." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ilit", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to learn (something); to come to know (something)", "en_short": "to learn (something)", "da": "at lære (noget); at komme til at kende (noget)", "da_short": "at lære", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "learn (something); come to know (something)", "da_verb_phrase": "lærer (noget); kommer til at kende (noget)" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Kleinschmidt1871:ilippoq#e2101 independently attests the historical learning sense and its transitive/HTR forms. No independent grammar-source corroboration was found in the earlier search. Modern food-burning ilippoq rows are a different sense and do not prove modern productivity of this learning stem.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilinniagassakka ilippakka", "natural": "I have now learned (done) my homework. (MOFO, citing Kleinschmidt 1871; from a time when homework often meant memorising something; the object 'ilinniagassakka', 'my homework', is the etymologically related but distinct stem ilinniaq, this same batch)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:əlit", "Kleinschmidt1871:ilippoq#e2101" ], "id": "ilit", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "ai": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to fetch (someone/something)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ai", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Exact fetch citations replace the former aappaa bring/take-along pins. Fetch aallerpoq is Danish e145 and English e143; dew and sweating are different dictionary readings, not licensed by this fetch stem or its HTR example.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {aə}V. Practical bare stem 'ai' is not a guess: MOFO's own old-orthography citation 'aivâ' (pre-reform spelling of new-orthography 'aavaa') directly shows the stem-final schwa spelled 'i' before the old /v/-ending; the new-orthography 'aa' is the same ə-stem vowel-lengthening contraction already noted on tuni/atsigaaq.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Reflexive (BP)', same as tuni/tunniut/ujaq/toqut (see tuni's own note for what that means).", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset: MOFO's own facet is 'ə-stem', the same open cross-word-class-citation question already flagged on tuni's and atsigaaq's own notes (AITWG:§6.4's grounding is titled 'Nominal stem-types'). Deferred here for consistency.", "One of the few stems MOFO records using the rare antipassive HTR-morpheme V{(k)liq}V (aallerpoq) -- the same rare morpheme already flagged on ujaq's own note (ujaq's older antipassive ujarlerpoq); a second real-data point for that morpheme, not a new schema field." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ai", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to fetch ({{Subject}})", "da": "at hente (nogen/noget)", "da_short": "at hente", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "fetch ({{Subject}})", "da_verb_phrase": "henter (nogen/noget)" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen §5.3.2.6.3 gives the identical transitive/antipassive pair 'aavaa, han henter hende/det; aallerpoq, han henter (nogen/noget)' immediately alongside its own ujarpaa/ujarlerpoq example (already used in this repo's ujaq entry) -- same source, same section, same construction type.", "examples": [ { "surface": "aavaa", "natural": "He fetches her/it." }, { "surface": "neqi aavaa", "natural": "He fetched the meat. (neqi, 'meat', is the Patient)" }, { "surface": "aallerpoq", "natural": "He fetches (someone/something). (antipassive citation form, rare HTR-morpheme V{(k)liq}V)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:aavaa#e366", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aavaa#e365", "Kleinschmidt1871:aavaa#e151", "Oqaatsit1997:aallerpoq#e145", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:aallerpoq#e143", "MOFO:aə", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.6.3" ], "id": "ai", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "isuma_v": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to think; to mean; to intend; to be of the opinion (that...)", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "isuma", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {isuma}V -- vowel-final, no schwa or other alternation to transliterate.", "This is the verbal variant of the noun stem {isuma}N, 'mind, thought' (this repo's existing isuma entry in nouns.yaml) -- MOFO records the two as separate dictionary entries sharing one spelling, the same nominal/verbal-variant pattern this file's own pi/su/oqaq entries also show. Not a collision: different word class, different catalog item.", "MOFO's own page notes this bare-verb form is attested only in the major dictionaries and 'does not appear to be commonly used' -- speakers prefer the derived {isumaqaq}V instead (not modeled here). No independent attestation of this bare verbal form was found after a real search; the many Nielsen2012 hits for 'isuma' all concern either the noun or derived isumaqar-/isumagaa- combinations, not this bare stem.", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset: MOFO's facet is 'Vowel stem', unconfirmed for verbal stems specifically (see this file's ujaq/pi notes on the same open question)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "isuma_v", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to think; to mean; to intend; to be of the opinion (that...)", "en_short": "to think; to mean; to intend; to be of the opinion", "da": "at tænke; at mene; at agte; at være af den opfattelse (at ...)", "da_verb_phrase": "at tænke; at mene; at agte; at være af den opfattelse (at ...)", "verb_phrase": "think; mean; intend; be of the opinion (that...)", "da_short": "at tænke", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "qanoq isumavit?", "natural": "What do you think? What is your opinion?" }, { "surface": "taama isumanngikkaluarpunga", "natural": "That was not how I had thought (it would be/happen)." } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:isuma", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:isumavoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:isumavoq" ], "id": "isuma_v", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "miki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be small", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "miki", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {mikə}V -- medial/final /ə/ realized as 'i', the same schwa->i pattern this file's sinik/atsigaaq entries already document.", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset: MOFO's facet is 'ə-stem', the same open cross-word-class-citation question already flagged on tuni's and atsigaaq's own notes. Deferred here for consistency.", "Transitive *mikigaa* is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not a separate atomic stem mikige. A former atomic stem mikige in verbs.yaml was withdrawn as that composition (issue #516)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "miki", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be small", "da": "at være lille", "da_short": "at være lille", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "be small", "da_verb_phrase": "er lille" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen §1.2.2 derives the verbal form directly from the root ('Af roden miki*, lille, kan dannes verbalformen mikivoq, hun er lille') and separately notes the bare root can stand alone as an interjection (miki!, 'how small!', §6.1); Bjørnum's comparison table (K4§4a) and halvtransitive chapter (K3§6) both use mikivoq/'er lille' as a running worked example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "mikivoq", "natural": "It/she is small." }, { "surface": "miki!", "natural": "How small! (bare-root interjection)" }, { "surface": "mikigaa", "natural": "He thinks it is too small. (this stem + V_gi_Vb; Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.1.1)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:mikə", "Nielsen2012:§1.2.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§4a", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:mikivoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:mikivoq" ], "id": "miki", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "pi_v": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to do (something) to/with (someone/something); a bound pro-base verb standing in for an unspecified verbal action -- also 'to happen/occur' (intransitive) and 'to arrive (at a place)'", "valency": "ambitransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pi", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "irregular", "notes": [ "AITWG:§10.9 and Nielsen2012:§6.5.5.8 distinguish the ordinary {pi}V+CONT sense 'concerning the patient' (pillugu) from the owning pigalugu reading below. The ordinary construction has its own pi_concerning_v entry so the owning lexical override remains specific and does not block the regular vowel-final CONT form.", "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {pi}V -- vowel-final, no schwa. This is the verbal variant of the noun/pro-base stem {pi}N (existing nouns.yaml entry) -- not a collision, different word class, same pattern as isuma/su/oqaq.", "Nielsen2012 §2.5 cites pigalugu (af pigə*) 'idet han ejer det' and Kleinschmidt attests aqqa pigalugu 'ejende hans navn'. That surface is encoded via V_CONT_TR_*_3SG application_logic.lexical_overrides.pi_v: '-galugu' (not by reclassifying this stem as a schwa-stem, which would fight MOFO's vowel_final facet and break pinnaraa/pinnerpoq). MOFO's own orthography lists pillugu for the ordinary vowel-final contemporative; pigalugu is the independently attested owning/contemporative form.", "Nielsen2012:§1.2.2 independently attests both intransitive pivoq and transitive pivaa. Model this source-explicit dual valency as ambitransitive; do not suppress intransitive usage to follow MOFO’s agentive classification.", "right_sandhi:assibilation and inflection_sandhi:irregular transcribe MOFO's own explicit facets verbatim ('Assibilation (t⇒s)'; 'Irregular, see declension examples') -- not independently re-derived, since MOFO's own page does not show the specific alternating pair needed to verify the rule directly.", "MOFO's own page documents an unusually wide range of senses (do something/to; happens; arrives; concerning/except Patient with the contemporative mood; says something; gets/marries) -- only the best-attested are recorded in pedagogy.examples.", "morphology_class.stem_type IS set below (vowel_final_stem), despite the caution above about AITWG:§6.4's own 'Nominal stem-types' framing not obviously extending to verbal stems: this repo already has 7-8 existing precedents asserting vowel_final_stem on verbal stems (cross-reference only, same caution), and this entry now has real attested worked examples (pinnaraa, pinnerpoq -- both cited on V_nnari_Vb/V_nniq_Vb) that need it to key those affixes' own application_logic.allomorphs entries. Flagged here rather than silently asserted." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "unspecified_action", "kind": "bound_pro_verb", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "implicit_action", "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to do (something) (unspecified action); to happen; to arrive", "en_short": "to do; to happen; to arrive", "da": "at gøre (noget) ved (nogen/noget); at gøre (noget) med (nogen/noget); et bundet 'gøre-noget'-udsagnsord der står i stedet for en uspecificeret handling -- betyder også 'at ske' og 'at ankomme (til et sted)'", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre (noget) ved (nogen/noget); at gøre (noget) med (nogen/noget); et bundet 'gøre-noget'-udsagnsord", "verb_phrase": "do (something) to ({{Subject}}); do (something) with ({{Subject}}); a bound pro-base verb standing in for an unspecified verbal action -- also 'to happen' (intransitive) and 'to arrive (at a place)'; also 'to occur' (intransitive) and 'to arrive (at a place)'", "da_short": "at gøre ved; at gøre med", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen §1.2.2 explicitly documents this pro-base's dual valency with matching glosses -- 'Som verbum bruges pi* både intransitivt: pivoq, han gør noget/han kommer/det sker, og transitivt: pivaa, det angår ham/han får det' -- matching MOFO's own 'do something'/'happens'/'arrives'/'gets' senses independently of MOFO.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ajortumik pivaa", "natural": "He treats him badly." }, { "surface": "qanoq pivaa?", "natural": "What did he do with it?" }, { "surface": "Nuummut pivoq", "natural": "He comes to/arrives in Nuuk." } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.9", "MOFO:pi", "Nielsen2012:§1.2.2", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:pivoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:pivoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ajortumik pivaa#e528", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ajortumik pivaa#e525" ], "id": "pi_v", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "pi_concerning_v": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "a bound pro-base used with the transitive contemporative to mean concerning the object", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "pi", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "AITWG:§10.9 explicitly gives {pi}V{CONT} = 'concerning the patient'; Nielsen2012:§6.5.5.8 gives pillugu 'vedrørende obj, for objs skyld' and §6.4.3.2.1 notes the modern replacement of the modal case by pillugu. This entry isolates that sourced lexicalized CONT sense from pi_v's independently sourced owning form pigalugu. The cited construction is limited to the transitive contemporative." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "pi_concerning_v", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "construction": { "id": "pi_concerning_cont", "mood": "contemporative", "clause_relation": [ "concerning_object" ], "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.9", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.5.8", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.3.2.1" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "concerning the object (lexicalized with the transitive contemporative)", "da": "vedrørende objektet (leksikaliseret med transitiv kontemporativ)", "da_short": "vedrørende objektet", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "vowel_final_stem" }, "provenance": [ "AITWG:§10.9", "Nielsen2012:§6.5.5.8", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.3.2.1" ], "id": "pi_concerning_v", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "su_v": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to do what?; a bound interrogative pro-base verb standing in for an unspecified/unknown verbal action", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "su", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {su}V -- vowel-final, no schwa. This is the verbal variant of the noun/pro-base stem {su}N (existing nouns.yaml entry) -- not a collision, different word class, same pattern as isuma/pi/oqaq. MOFO's own page cross-references {pi}V/{pi}N under 'See also', treating the two pro-bases as a matched pair.", "MOFO records both 'Monovalent' and 'Divalent' Valency and 'Agentive (NPP)' Diathesis, the same dual-valency pattern as this file's own pi entry (see pi's note) -- lexical_facts.valency set to transitive for the same reason.", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset: MOFO's facet is 'Vowel stem', the same unconfirmed-for-verbs analogue already flagged on ujaq's and pi's own notes.", "MOFO's own page describes a distinctive discourse usage: repeating only the mis-heard part of a word onto this stem with an interrogative ending, to prompt the speaker to repeat themselves -- MOFO's own worked dialogue example, not reproduced verbatim here since it is MOFO's own curated illustration rather than an independently attested sentence." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "su_v", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to do what? (unspecified/unknown action)", "en_short": "to do what?", "da": "at gøre hvad?; et bundet spørgende 'gøre-noget'-udsagnsord for en ukendt handling", "da_verb_phrase": "at gøre hvad?; et bundet spørgende 'gøre-noget'-udsagnsord for en ukendt", "verb_phrase": "do what?; a bound interrogative pro-base verb standing in for an unspecified verbal action; a bound interrogative pro-base verb standing in for an unknown verbal action", "da_short": "at gøre hvad?", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Bjørnum (K4§5c, under its own 'Suvoq' subheading) states 'Suvoq er en verbalisering af su-, som kan bøjes i interrogativ i betydningen \"hvad?\"' ('Suvoq is a verbalisation of su-, inflectable in the interrogative meaning \"what?\"'), with its own paradigm (suit?/sua?/suisi?/suppat?) matching MOFO's own citation form sua? directly -- a dedicated independent treatment of this exact verb, not just an incidental example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "sua?", "natural": "What is he doing? What's wrong with him? (3sg interrogative citation form)" }, { "surface": "suniarpit?", "natural": "What do you want (to do)? (giving the pure meaning of V{niaq}V as a question)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:su", "Bjornum2012:K4§5c", "Kleinschmidt1871:suvoq" ], "id": "su_v", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "taki": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be long", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "taki", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "Transitive *takigaa* (SchultzLorentzen1926:e17159 \"synes den er for lang\"; 1927 \"thinks that it is too long\") is this stem plus V_gi_Vb, not atomic takige. FST offers takige+TV. Do not mint takige." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "taki", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to be long", "da": "at være lang", "verb_phrase": "be long", "da_verb_phrase": "at være lang", "da_short": "at være lang", "source": "hand" }, "pedagogy": { "examples": [ { "surface": "takivoq", "natural": "is long (Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:e15113; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17153)" }, { "surface": "takigaa", "natural": "finds it too long (this stem + V_gi_Vb; SchultzLorentzen1926:e17159)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Oqaatsit1997:takivoq#e16113", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:takivoq#e15113", "SchultzLorentzen1926:takivoq#e17153", "SchultzLorentzen1926:takigaa#e17159" ], "id": "taki", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "oqaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to say something; to speak", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqaq", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {uqaq}V; practical orthography 'oqaq' (not literal 'uqaq') per the ordinary a/i/u+q/r open-vowel spelling rule independently attested by Nielsen §2.5.15 -- the same u->o transliteration this file's own toqut entry already applies to {tuqut}V.", "This is the verbal variant of the noun stem {uqaq}N, 'tongue' (existing nouns.yaml entry) -- not a collision, different word class, same pattern as isuma/pi/su.", "Monovalent: takes only an optional object CLAUSE (contemporative or participial mood), never a direct object noun -- hence valency: intransitive, not transitive." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "oqaq", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to say something; to speak", "en_short": "to say something; to speak", "da": "at sige noget; at tale", "da_verb_phrase": "at sige noget; at tale", "verb_phrase": "say something; speak", "da_short": "at sige noget", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated: Nielsen §2.5.15 derives this exact surface form from this exact root as its own worked example of the a/i/u+q/r open-vowel spelling rule -- 'oqar*{+vu-}{+q} -> oqarpoq, han taler' ('he speaks') -- and oqarpoq recurs as one of the most-repeated example verbs throughout both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012.", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqarpoq Piitamik ateqarluni", "natural": "He said his name is Piitaq." }, { "surface": "oqarpoq nannup qimmeq nerigaa", "natural": "He said the polar bear ate the dog." } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:uqaq", "Nielsen2012:§2.5.15", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqarpoq", "Oqaatsit1997:oqarpoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:oqarpoq" ], "id": "oqaq", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "it": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to be (in/at/on N, locative); to be as/like N (equative); to be how? (qanoq); to be thus (ima/taama) -- a bound existential/locative copula, almost always written fused onto the preceding case-marked noun or particle", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "unresolved", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:it:864bc2ad6ed4", "items": [ { "text": "to be (in/at/on N, locative); to be as/like N (equative); to be how? (qanoq); to be thus (ima/taama) -- a bound existential/locative copula, almost always written fused onto the preceding case-marked noun or particle", "relation": "uncertain", "scope": "entire authored gloss", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "MOFO:ət", "AITWG-Affixes:§5.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.3.3", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ippoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ippoq" ], "rationale": "Compare the exact source row wording below with the complete authored gloss and cited grammar discussion; decide whether the comma links alternatives, an explanation/qualifier, distinct senses, or one coordinated definition." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "it", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {ət}V (/ə/+/t/); practical bare form 'it' is directly attested, not guessed -- every one of MOFO's own citation forms (ippoq, ippara, ittoq, ippa, imaappoq) surfaces the schwa as 'i', the same medial-schwa->i pattern this file's sinik/atsigaaq/miki entries already document.", "Almost always fuses onto the preceding locative/equative-case noun or particle as a single written word (-miippoq, -niippoq, qanorippoq, imaappoq) rather than standing as its own word; MOFO records these fused spellings under a separate asterisk-marked variant headword *{ət}V, not modeled separately here.", "Coincidental homograph only, not a collision: the existing privative affix -it (V{-it}V/N{-it}V, 'is un-Vb'ing'/'there is no N') and the deverbal/nominal -ut affixes elsewhere in this repo's affixes/*.yaml share a surface spelling with this stem's bare 'it' but are unrelated morphemes -- flagged since 'it' as an ID could otherwise be misread as the privative affix.", "The equative-case transitive usage MOFO records ('Patient is like N to Agent', per Kleinschmidt 1871) is not modeled here; valency is set to intransitive for this stem's primary, monovalent use." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "it", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "{{Subject}} is somewhere; {{Subject}} is as something; {{Subject}} is like something", "en_short": "to be (in/at/on ___, locative)", "da": "at være (i/på/ved ___); at være som ___; at være hvordan?; at være sådan", "da_verb_phrase": "at være (i/på/ved ___); at være som ___; at være hvordan?; at være sådan {{Subject}} is how? (qanoq); {{Subject}} is thus (ima/taama)", "verb_phrase": "be (in/at/on ___, locative); be as ___; be like ___; be how? (qanoq); be thus (ima/taama) (equative)", "da_short": "at være", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated by two sources: AITWG-Affixes §5.1 lists 'N{LOC}{ət}V, ±miippoq, ±niippoq (S is in/at/on N). Verbalisation of the locative case' as its own dedicated affix-catalog entry, matching MOFO's gloss for this exact morpheme independently of MOFO; Nielsen §4.2.3.3 separately states 'Former på -ni kan sættes sammen med ippoq, han er: uaniippoq, han er her', explicitly glossing ippoq itself as the copula 'he is'. Unusually strong, dedicated corroboration for a MOFO-parity candidate -- flagged here as a plausible future promotion-to-core candidate, but filed tail in this PR for consistency with this file's established practice of keeping all such candidates tail regardless of corroboration strength.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuummi ippoq", "natural": "He is in Nuuk. (Nuummi = locative singular of Nuuk)" }, { "surface": "qanoq ippa?", "natural": "How is he (doing)? (very common greeting)" }, { "surface": "qallunaatut ippoq", "natural": "He is like a European/Dane. (qallunaatut = equative singular of qallunaaq)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "MOFO:ət", "AITWG-Affixes:§5.1", "Nielsen2012:§4.2.3.3", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ippoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ippoq" ], "id": "it", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "suli": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to work", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "suli", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {suli}V -- a true vowel-final stem (ends in /i/), not a schwa-final one, so tuni's/atsigaaq's own schwa caveats do not apply.", "right_sandhi:assibilation matches MOFO's own literal 'Assibilation (t⇒s)' facet (an /i(C)tV/ boundary may become /i(C)sV/ when another morpheme is added) -- the first verb-stem corroboration of this value in this repo's corpus (previously only attested on noun/affix entries); uŋasik, drafted alongside this entry in the same batch, is the second.", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset: this repo's verb entries have so far only confidently asserted the consonant-final uvular/velar/alveolar_final_stem trio (AITWG:§6.10); no vowel-final counterpart has yet been independently confirmed to extend cross-word-class, so this stays unset for the same cautious reason tuni/atsigaaq leave schwa_final_stem unset, rather than asserting vowel_final_stem here first.", "MOFO's own General facet oddly co-lists both 'Divalent' and 'Monovalent' under Valency, but the stem's own Diathesis ('Subjective': always intransitive, subject is Actor), its single documented sense ('Actor works'), and both of its own worked examples are uniformly monovalent/intransitive -- the stray 'Divalent' tag is treated as a page-extraction artifact, not asserted here.", "MOFO's own etymology (via the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10]): historically {su}N ('something', a pro-base) + N{-li}V ('make'), literally 'make something', generalised to 'work' -- not modeled as a live combination, just noted." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "suli", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to work", "da": "at arbejde", "da_short": "at arbejde", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "work", "da_verb_phrase": "arbejder" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and extensively corroborated: AITWG-Affixes:p.3 states outright '*suli-* = \"to work\"'; Nielsen2012:§1.3 lists 'suli*, arbejde' as its own headline example of a bound verbal root (as opposed to a demonstrative root); and both Nielsen2012 and Bjornum2012 use sulivoq/suli- as one of their single most-repeated base-form citations throughout (dozens of independent gloss+form occurrences across many chapters of each grammar).", "examples": [ { "surface": "sulivoq", "natural": "He works / he is working. (used as a base-form gloss dozens of times throughout Nielsen2012, e.g. §5.3.3.5: 'sulivoq, han arbejder')" }, { "surface": "Piitaq atuarfimmi sulisarpoq", "natural": "Peter works at the school. (MOFO's own example)" }, { "surface": "suliartorpoq", "natural": "He goes to work; he is on his way to work. (Bjornum2012:K9§6, from sulivoq + V{artuq}V)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.3", "Nielsen2012:§1.3", "Bjornum2012:K9§6", "MOFO:suli", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:sulivoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:sulivoq" ], "id": "suli", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "toqu": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to die; to be dead", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "toqu", "right_sandhi": "none", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {tuqu}V -- no schwa or other alternation to transliterate. Practical spelling 'toqu' (not 'tuqu') follows the same u-before-q -> 'o' orthographic convention already reflected in this repo's own toqut entry (this same file), which is historically {tuqu}V + the causative V{-t}V; toqut's own note names this stem by its phonemic form directly.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Subjective' -- always intransitive, subject is Actor/Patient of the avalent/monovalent verbal action; matches its gloss directly ('Actor died; is dead').", "morphology_class.stem_type deliberately left unset for the same reason as suli (this batch): only the consonant-final trio has been independently confirmed for this repo's verb entries; a bare vowel-final value is not yet asserted." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "toqu", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to die; to be dead", "en_short": "to die", "da": "at dø; at være død", "da_short": "at dø", "source": "hand", "verb_phrase": "die; be dead", "da_verb_phrase": "dør; er død" }, "morphology_class": { "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and precisely corroborated: Nielsen2012's own Diatese-og-fokus chapter uses toquvoq BY NAME as its worked example of both the 'Agentiv' and 'Subjektiv' diathesis categories in direct succession (§6.4.4.2: 'agent og patient: toquvoq, han dør (subjektet er patient)'; §6.4.4.3 continues the same worked contrast) -- independent corroboration not just of the lexeme but of MOFO's own 'Subjective' diathesis classification for it. Bjornum2012:K3§3 lists 'toquvoq | er død |' among its own worked Overgangsverber ('transitional verbs') examples.", "examples": [ { "surface": "toquvoq", "natural": "He dies / he is dead. (Nielsen2012:§6.4.4.3; Bjornum2012:K3§3)" }, { "surface": "toqusaraluarami kingumut uummartarpoq", "natural": "He seems to have died several times, coming back to life again afterwards. (MOFO, citing Kleinschmidt 1871; with V{ðaq}V for recurring action and V{galuaq}V for 'seemingly but not actually')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§6.4.4.2", "Nielsen2012:§6.4.4.3", "Bjornum2012:K3§3", "MOFO:tuqu", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:toquvoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:toqu#e8846", "SchultzLorentzen1926:toqu#e18143", "SchultzLorentzen1927:toqu#e18143", "Oqaatsit1997:toqu#e17024" ], "id": "toqu", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "tikit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to arrive at; to reach (a place or person); to come (to)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "tikit", "right_sandhi": "consonant_cluster_assimilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {təkit}V; word-initial/medial /ə/ realized as 'i' in the practical orthography, the same schwa->i pattern already established elsewhere in this repo (e.g. sinik, {sinək}V).", "MOFO's own page states the /tð/->[tc] ('tikitsoraa'-type) right-sandhi fact WITH an explicit hedge attributed to Kleinschmidt [SK71], immediately qualified: 'However, this is not mentioned in Ordbogeeraq [JP67], so this may be used inconsistently, or not at all, nowadays.' A standalone entry for this stem asserting right_sandhi:archaic_ts_assibilation was investigated and dropped for exactly this reason during an earlier round (docs/reference/linguistics/aitwg-rule-compliance-audit.md's 2026-07-10 log entry) in favour of the unhedged V_suri_Vb/V_tit_Vb affix entries instead.", "right_sandhi:consonant_cluster_assimilation (oq#380 Bucket 1/2b): AITWG:§3.9's own Definition 3.9 ('all consonant clusters c1c2 are regressively assimilated to c2c2') is the GENERAL fact governing this stem's own consonant-initial mood endings -- tikit + -paa -> tikippaa, tikit + -poq -> tikippoq (both this entry's own cited surfaces below), the stem-final /t/ assimilating fully to the ending's own initial /p/. Distinct from the archaic /tð/->[tc] hedge investigated and dropped above; this is the fully general, unhedged Definition 3.9 fact, not the archaic one.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Agentive (NPP)'.", "MOFO documents a second sense, 'Agent encountered Patient during Patient's Vb'ing' (with an object clause in the participial mood, e.g. qajartortoq tikippara, 'I came to him whilst he was kayaking') -- not separately modeled, recorded here in prose only." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "tikit", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to arrive at; to reach (a place or person); to come (to)", "en_short": "to arrive at; to reach", "da": "at ankomme til; at nå frem til (et sted eller en person); at komme (til)", "da_verb_phrase": "at ankomme til; at nå frem til (et sted eller en person); at komme (til)", "verb_phrase": "arrive at; reach (a place or person); come (to)", "da_short": "at ankomme til", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (existence and meaning, not just incidental example use), and unusually directly: AITWG-Affixes:p.11 names {tikit}V ('arrive') by name in its own worked example of V{nəQ}N with possessive endings ('Piitap tikinnissaa qilanaaraara', 'I'm looking forward to Peter's arrival'). Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1 ('tikippaa, han nåede det') and §6.2.4.1.2 directly gloss the citation form itself; Bjornum2012:K7§6a independently reproduces the same 'nuna ilisarinngisani tikippaa' example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "Nuuk tikippaa", "natural": "He has reached (arrived in) Nuuk. (MOFO)" }, { "surface": "Nuummut tikippoq", "natural": "He is come to Nuuk. (intransitive, destination in the allative case; MOFO)" }, { "surface": "nuna ilisarinngisani tikippaa", "natural": "He came to a land he did not know. (Bjornum2012:K7§6a; Nielsen2012:§6.2.4.1.2 independently attests the same phrase within the fuller sentence 'Piitap nuna ilisarinngisani tikippaa', 'Peter came to a land he did not know')" } ] }, "provenance": [ "AITWG-Affixes:p.11", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.1", "Nielsen2012:§6.2.4.1.2", "Bjornum2012:K7§6a", "MOFO:təkit", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:tikippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:tikippoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:tikippoq" ], "id": "tikit", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "oqaluk": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to speak; to talk", "valency": "intransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "oqaluk", "right_sandhi": "consonant_cluster_assimilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {uqaluk}V. Practical spelling 'oqaluk' (not 'uqaluk') reflects the ordinary /u/-before-uvular -> 'o' orthographic convention (the first /u/ precedes /q/), the same convention already reflected in this batch's own toqu entry; the second /u/ (before /k/, not a uvular) stays 'u', matching the attested surface oqaluppoq exactly.", "right_sandhi:consonant_cluster_assimilation (oq#380 Bucket 1/2b): AITWG:§3.9's own Definition 3.9 ('all consonant clusters c1c2 are regressively assimilated to c2c2') is why the attested surface is 'oqaluppoq', not *oqalukpoq -- the stem-final /k/ assimilating fully to the following ending's own initial /p/. Same fact already independently attested on this file's own sinik entry (Nielsen2012:§2.5.4's own explicit derivation).", "MOFO's own etymology (via the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10]): derives from {uqaq}V, 'to say something' (not independently modeled in this repo); the origin of the second part, -luk, is stated as unclear.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Subjective' -- always intransitive, subject is Actor. The thing spoken about is optionally given in the instrumental case (an ordinary oblique, not a syntactic object)." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "oqaluk", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to speak; to talk", "en_short": "to speak; to talk", "da": "at tale; at snakke", "da_verb_phrase": "at tale; at snakke", "verb_phrase": "speak; talk", "da_short": "at tale", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and extensively corroborated: Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5 and §5.3.3.5 both directly gloss 'oqaluppoq, han taler' ('he speaks/talks') as a base form; Bjornum2012:K1§2 directly derives 'oqalutsi' (interpreter) from 'oqaluppoq, taler', independently confirming this stem's own bare form and gloss.", "examples": [ { "surface": "oqaluppoq", "natural": "He speaks / he is talking." }, { "surface": "nipikitsumik oqaluppoq", "natural": "He speaks quietly. (MOFO's own example; nipikitsumik is an instrumental manner-modifier, not the topic spoken about)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5", "Bjornum2012:K1§2", "MOFO:uqaluk", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:oqaluppoq", "Oqaatsit1997:oqaluppoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:oqaluppoq" ], "id": "oqaluk", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "ungasik": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "is far away; is distant (physically, and sometimes temporally)", "valency": "intransitive", "gloss_analysis": { "version": 1, "disposition": "reviewed_mixed", "review_ref": "docs/investigations/semantics/issue-1065-review-751-925.json#issue1065:ungasik:a1f54ca56e1e", "items": [ { "text": "is far away", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the distance predicate", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "MOFO:uŋasik", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ungasippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ungasippoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ungasippoq" ], "rationale": "The cited dictionaries give equivalent “far away” and “distant” translations.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "is distant", "relation": "alternative", "scope": "English translation of the distance predicate", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "MOFO:uŋasik", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ungasippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ungasippoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ungasippoq" ], "rationale": "The cited dictionaries give equivalent “distant” and “far away” translations.", "choice_group": 1 }, { "text": "physically, and sometimes temporally", "relation": "usage_qualifier", "scope": "scope of the distance predicate", "evidence_refs": [ "source-yaml:kalaallisut_data/stems/verbs_mofo_derived.yaml#lexical_facts.meaning", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "MOFO:uŋasik", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ungasippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ungasippoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ungasippoq" ], "rationale": "The authored parenthetical qualifies physical and occasional temporal scope, rather than adding a translation." } ] } }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ungasik", "right_sandhi": "assibilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is directly {uŋasik}V, historically {uŋa}N ('the far side/direction', one of AITWG:§8.2's spatial nouns, same family as this repo's own ataa entry {atə}N, nouns.yaml) + N{-sik}V (a denominal verbalizer not independently modeled in this repo) -- MOFO records it as its own lexicalised dictionary entry, not a live derivation.", "right_sandhi:assibilation matches MOFO's own literal 'Assibilation (t⇒s)' facet, directly attested by MOFO's own example 'miilitut ungasissigaaq' (with V{təgə}V, the same comparative affix this repo's atsigaaq entry already illustrates) -- the second verb-stem corroboration of this value in this batch, alongside suli.", "oq#380 Bucket 1/2b, deliberately NOT touched here: this entry's own cited 'ungasippoq' (k+p -> pp) is the SAME AITWG:§3.9 Definition 3.9 general fact just added as right_sandhi:consonant_cluster_assimilation on this file's sinik/oqaluk siblings -- but right_sandhi is a single scalar field, and this entry already needs it for the DIFFERENT, independently-cited assibilation fact above (t-initial environment, e.g. -tigi-). Which of the two fires depends on the FOLLOWING morpheme's own initial sound (t-initial -> assibilation, other-consonant-initial -> Definition 3.9), a composition this schema has no mechanism for expressing on one stem today. Left as assibilation (the already-working, cited value) rather than switched, so ungasippoq stays an honest, un-addressed gap instead of breaking ungasissigaaq -- flag for a future field-shape decision (e.g. an ordered list, or a follow-the-addition dispatch table) rather than guessed at here.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Subjective' -- always intransitive, subject is Actor." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ungasik", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "intransitive", "slots": [ "subject" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "is far away; is distant (physically, and sometimes temporally)", "en_short": "is far away; is distant", "da": "er langt væk; er fjern (både i afstand og undertiden i tid)", "verb_phrase": "be far away; be distant (physically, and sometimes temporally)", "da_verb_phrase": "er langt væk; er fjern (både i afstand og undertiden i tid)", "da_short": "er langt væk", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "velar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "monovalent" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (existence and meaning, not just incidental example use): Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5 and §5.3.3.7 both directly gloss 'ungasippoq, det er langt væk' ('it is far away') as a base form, the latter in the same +tigə- comparative-affix discussion as this entry's own miilitut ungasissigaaq example.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ungasippoq", "natural": "It is far away. (Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5, §5.3.3.7)" }, { "surface": "Maniitsoq ungasinngilaq", "natural": "Maniitsoq is not far away. (MOFO, citing Berthelsen 1996; with V{ŋŋit}V)" }, { "surface": "miilitut ungasissigaaq", "natural": "It is as distant as a mile. (MOFO; with V{təgə}V, illustrating right_sandhi:assibilation directly: the true /i/ in the base causes the following /t/ to assibilate to /s/)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.5", "Nielsen2012:§5.3.3.7", "MOFO:uŋasik", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ungasippoq", "Oqaatsit1997:ungasippoq", "Kleinschmidt1871:ungasippoq" ], "id": "ungasik", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "ilinniaq": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to study; to learn; to take lessons (in something)", "valency": "ambitransitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilinniaq", "right_sandhi": "ghost_aq_elision", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {əlitniaq}V, a combination of the non-productive base {əlit}V ('has learned', this file's own ilit entry) and V{niaq}V ('intend/strive to') -- literal meaning 'strives to learn', generalised to 'studies'. MOFO records it as its own lexicalised dictionary entry, not merely a live derivation; the geminate 'nn' (ilinniaq, not 'ilitniaq') is the ordinary /t/+/n/ -> [nn] assimilation at that boundary.", "right_sandhi:ghost_aq_elision matches MOFO's own literal '/aq/ drop' facet ('Final /aq/ is dropped before vowel-initial endings and aq-deleting affixes') -- the same value already used for this repo's illiaq noun entry (nouns_mofo_derived.yaml); first verb-stem corroboration of this value.", "Modern paired dictionary rows explicitly classify studying lessons/profession as intransitive; Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2 independently gives arnaq ilinniarpoq. Kleinschmidt1871:ilinniarpoq#e2103 also supplies transitive ilinniarpaa, and Bjornum2012:K4§3b directly gives that form. Model both attested valencies as ambitransitive rather than suppressing modern intransitive usage to follow MOFO's agentive choice. This does not claim equal modern frequency or unrestricted alternation.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Agentive (NPP)'." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ilinniaq", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "ambitransitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to study; to learn; to take lessons (in something)", "en_short": "to study; to learn", "da": "at studere; at lære; at gå til undervisning (i noget)", "da_verb_phrase": "at studere; at lære; at gå til undervisning (i noget)", "verb_phrase": "study; learn; take lessons (in something)", "da_short": "at studere", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "uvular_final_stem" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently corroborated (existence and meaning, not just incidental example use): Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2 directly glosses the intransitive citation form itself, 'arnaq ilinniarpoq, kvinden studerer' ('the woman studies'), within its own +titsi- discussion (the same discussion this repo's V_tit_Vb affix entry, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml, already cites for the derived causative ilinniartit); Bjornum2012:K4§3b separately glosses 'ilinniarpaa, prøver at lære; går til undervisning i det' ('tries to learn; attends class in it') parenthetically, in its own passive-participle affix table.", "examples": [ { "surface": "arnaq ilinniarpoq", "natural": "The woman studies. (Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2)" }, { "surface": "kalaallisut ilinniarpoq", "natural": "He studies Greenlandic. (MOFO's own example; kalaallisut already carries its own ending, so the object cannot be marked instrumental here as it normally would be)" } ] }, "provenance": [ "Nielsen2012:§5.3.2.3.2", "Bjornum2012:K4§3b", "MOFO:əlitniaq", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilinniarpoq#e3836", "Oqaatsit1997:ilinniarpoq#e3958", "Kleinschmidt1871:ilinniarpoq#e2103", "Oqaatsit1997:ilinniarpoq#e3959", "Oqaasileriffik-KAL-ENG-dicts:ilinniarpoq#e3837" ], "id": "ilinniaq", "category": "verbs_mofo_derived" } ], "ilinniartit": [ { "lexical_facts": { "morpheme_type": "stem", "word_class": "V", "meaning": "to teach; to instruct (someone in something)", "valency": "transitive" }, "application_logic": { "continuation_class": "V_POSTBASE", "underlying_form": "ilinniartit", "right_sandhi": "consonant_cluster_assimilation", "inflection_sandhi": "none", "notes": [ "MOFO's own phonemic analysis is {əlitniaqtət}V = {əlitniaq}V (this file's own ilinniaq entry) + V{tət}V (the productive causative, this repo's own V_tit_Vb, verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml). Practical bare stem 'ilinniartit' follows directly from the attested citation-form pair ilinniartippaa/ilinniartitsivoq, both of which reduce to this substring before their own endings; the q of ilinniaq weakens to r before the following consonant-initial causative morpheme, the ordinary q-stem-before-consonant pattern seen elsewhere in this file (ujaq, niuer), not a distinct rule.", "right_sandhi:consonant_cluster_assimilation (oq#380 Bucket 1/2b): AITWG:§3.9's own Definition 3.9 ('all consonant clusters c1c2 are regressively assimilated to c2c2') governs this stem's own consonant-initial mood endings -- ilinniartit + -paa -> ilinniartippaa (this entry's own cited surface below), the stem-final /t/ assimilating fully to the ending's own initial /p/. The DIFFERENT /tð/->[ts] fact visible in ilinniartitsivoq stays modeled on the AFFIX's own entry (V_tit_Vb, right_sandhi:archaic_ts_assibilation) rather than duplicated here, matching this file's own toqut precedent.", "MOFO records this stem's Diathesis as 'Reflexive (BP)', matching tuni/tunniut/ilit (this file) -- used intransitively without an HTR-morpheme the meaning would read reflexive/reciprocal, though this repo's own attested intransitive form (ilinniartitsivoq) is the antipassive HTR-form ('he teaches (in general)'), not a bare reflexive reading.", "Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2 independently gives the teaching → intransitive teaching → teacher chain. The old reference to an existing atomic teacher noun in nouns.yaml was incorrect; the reviewed worked chain uses this stem, V_si_Vb and V_soq_N instead." ] }, "semantic_frame": { "id": "ilinniartit", "kind": "lexical_predicate", "valency": "transitive", "slots": [ "subject", "object" ] }, "plain_gloss": { "en": "to teach; to instruct ({{Actor}} in something)", "en_short": "to teach; to instruct", "da": "at undervise; at lære (nogen noget)", "da_verb_phrase": "at undervise; at lære (nogen noget)", "verb_phrase": "teach; instruct ({{Actor}} in something)", "da_short": "at undervise", "source": "hand" }, "morphology_class": { "stem_type": "alveolar_final_stem", "valency_scale": "divalent", "valency_effect": "agent_increasing" }, "pedagogy": { "note": "Independently and precisely corroborated -- the same evidence already backing this repo's own V_tit_Vb affix entry (verbal_modifiers_mofo_derived.yaml) and the independently cited teacher derivation: Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2 gives all three forms in one passage ('ilinniartippaa, hun underviser ham; ilinniartitsivoq, hun underviser; ilinniartitsisoq, en lærer'); §5.3.2.3.2 independently gives the intransitive step (arnaq ilinniarpoq -> arnamik ilinniartitsivoq); §5.3.2.3.1 confirms the causative meaning. Bjornum2012:K3§6's own halvtransitive-affix table lists the same ilinniartippaa/ilinniartitsivoq pair directly, glossed 'underviser ham'/'underviser'.", "examples": [ { "surface": "ilinniartippaa", "natural": "He teaches him (something). (Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2, §5.3.2.3.1; Bjornum2012:K3§6)" }, { "surface": "ilinniartitsivoq", "natural": "He teaches (in general). (antipassive/intransitive citation form; Nielsen2012:§5.5.1.2, §5.3.2.3.2; Bjornum2012:K3§6)" }, { "surface": "arnamik ilinniartitsivoq", "natural": "She teaches a woman/women. 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